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PhoenixBIOS 4.0 User`s Manual

1. Page 76 Phoenix Technologies Ltd PhoenixBIOS 4 0 User s Manual The Technical Reference BIOS Data Area The BIOS keeps information about the current operating environment of the AT system in the BIOS Data Area The normal way to access this information is by means of the BIOS Services described above The BIOS Data Area is located from physical address 400h to 501h BIOS Data Area Description Offset Size Description Com1 address Com address Com3 address Com4 address Lpt1 address Lpt2 address Lpt3 address LPT4 EBDA address Equipment installed Definition Floppy diskette available for boot IPL bit Math coprocessor installed PS 2 mouse installed Not used Initial video mode 00 EGA VGA 01 40x25 CGA 10 80x25 CGA 11 Monochrome Diskette drives 00 1 drive 01 2 drives 10 3 drives 11 4 drives 8 Not used 9 11 Number of serial adapters 12 Game Adapter installed 13 Not used Ed LL PP PP PEPER Fwnro Ui 14 15 Number of parallel adapters Offset Size Description 12 1 Interrupt flag POST 13 2 Memory size K bytes 15 1 Reserved 16 1 Control flag Keyboard Data Area Offset Size Description 17 1 Keyboard flag 0 Bit Definition O Right shift key pressed 1 Left shift key pressed Control key pressed Alt key pressed Scroll lock on Num lock on Caps lock on Insert mode on Keyboard flag 1 Bit Definition 3 Freeze state 4 Scroll lock pressed 5 Num lock pressed 6 Cap
2. ii ee ee ER ee AR Re AA RA AR ee ee Re ee ee Re ee 23 Chapter 2 Boot Utilities ie ek ee Re GR Re ee RA AA Re ee GR Re ee RA ee ee 26 Phoenix GuietBOO iese ee Re AA ER ee AR Re AA RA AA ee ee Re ke RA ke 26 Press lt ESCS ER Ee ER DEE ee Ee Pe ee be Ge E ee Ee 26 TEI EE eee 26 POST EMOL Se vee ers De De ia ee ee ee Ge GE ae ee Ee Se 26 Keyboard Input Reaguest ii see ee ee ee ee ee Re ee ee ee ge 27 Phoenix MultBOO eie ee ee ER ee EE Ee Ee Ee ER Re Ee ee ee ee E ee ee 27 The Boot First Menu ee ee ER ee ER Be ee ek ER ee ek ER ee ek Re 27 Chapter 3 Phoenix Phlash iese ee ee ee GR AA ee ee AR Re AA GRA ee ee ee Re ee ee 28 EEUE AR seas iu eceeeretageatcen viet EEEE era EEEE EE Ei 28 Create the Crisis Recovery Diskette ie ee ee Re ee ee 28 Updating the Crisis Recovery Diskette ee ee Re ee Re 29 Executing Phoenix Phlash iese sees ee ee ee ee ee ee ee ee ee ee ee ee ee ee 29 Crisis Recovery Mode iii ee ee ee GR Re RA AR ee Re ee ee Ge ee ee Re ee ee 30 Chapter 4 Programmer s Guide iese ee ee ER Re AA RA ee ee ee Re ee ee 31 What iS a ROM BIOS ee ee ek ee AR Re RA ee ee ee ee Re ee ee Re ee 31 ROM BIOS Functions ee ek ee AR Re KA RA ee ee ee ee Re ee 32 Initialize and Configure the computer iese ee ee ee RA ee 32 BIOS SOIVICOS RE EE EE N 32 System Hardware ReguirementS i issie ee ee se ke ee ee ee ge ee ee Re ee 32 Fixed DISK T ADIOS see ESE
3. 0260 System timer error The timer test failed Requires repair of system board 0270 Real time clock error Real Time Clock fails BIOS hardware test May require board repair 0271 Check date and time settings BIOS found date or time out of range and reset the Real Time Clock May require setting legal date 1991 2099 0280 Previous boot incomplete Default configuration used Previous POST did not complete successfully POST loads default values and offers to run Setup If the failure was caused by incorrect values and they are not corrected the next boot will likely fail On systems with control of wait states improper Setup settings can also terminate POST and cause this error on the next boot Run Setup and verify that the wait state configuration is correct This error is cleared the next time the system is booted 0281 Memory Size found by POST differed from CMOS Memory size found by POST differed from CMOS 02B0 Diskette drive A error 02B1 Diskette drive B error Drive A or B is present but fails the BIOS POST diskette tests Check to Phoenix Technologies Ltd Page 23 The Setup Guide PhoenixBlOS 4 0 User s Manual see that the drive is defined with the proper diskette type in Setup and that the diskette drive is attached correctly 02B2 Incorrect Drive A type run SETUP Type of floppy drive A not correctly identified in Setup 02B3 Incorrect Drive B type run SETUP Type of floppy drive B not correctly
4. A power management system reduces the amount of energy used after specified periods of inactivity The Setup menu pictured here supports a Full On state a Standby state with partial power reduction and a reduction Suspend state with full power Use the Advanced Options on this menu to specify whether or not the activity of interrupts can terminate a Standby or Suspend state and restore Full On Do not change these settings without knowing which devices use the interrupts Phoenix Technologies Ltd Page 19 The Setup Guide PhoenixBlOS 4 0 User s Manual Use the legend keys to make your selections and exit to the Main Menu Use the following chart in making your selections Power Management Mode Disabled Maximum options pre defined Customize values Select Customize to make Maximum Power your own selections from the Savings following fields Disabled turns off Maximum Performance all power management Standby Timeout Inactivity period required to put system in Standby partial power shutdown Auto Suspend Timeout Disabled Inactivity period required after 5 min Standby to Suspend maximum 10 min power shutdown 15 min 20 min 30 min 40 min 60 min Hard Disk Timeout Disabled Inactivity period of hard disk 1 min required before standby motor 2 min off 4 min 8 min 12 min 16 min Video Timeout Disabled Set inactivity period required 10 sec before independently turning off 15 sec monitor Disabled turn
5. EAh Initialize OEM special code EBh Initialize PIC and DMA ECh Initialize Memory type EDh Initialize Memory size EEh J Shadow Boot Block Em System memory est SSS Eon niatie interrupt veetors OOO E Fh Initialize Run Time Clock Ph nitialize video SSS Ek o Initialize System Management Manager rm Output one beep sn _ Clear Huge Segment ren __ Boot to Mini DOS En Boot Full BOS If the BIOS detects error 2C 2E or 30 base 512K RAM error it displays an additional word bitmap xxxx indicating the address line or bits that failed For example 2C 0002 means address line 1 bit one set has failed 2E 1020 means data bits 12 and 5 bits 12 and 5 set have failed in the lower 16 bits Note that error 30 cannot occur on 386SX systems because they have a 16 rather than 32 bit bus The BIOS also sends the bitmap to the port 80 LED display It first displays the checkpoint code followed by a delay the high order byte another delay and then the low order byte of the error It repeats this sequence continuously Page 38 Phoenix Technologies Ltd PhoenixBIOS 4 0 User s Manual Technical Reference PhoenixBIOS 4 0 Services The ROM BIOS contains a number of useful run time BIOS Services that are easily called by an outside program As a programmer you can execute these services which are nothing more than subroutines by invoking one of the BIOS interrupt routines or when specified ca
6. lt F6 gt or lt gt or lt Space gt Select the Next Value for the field lt F9 gt Load the Default Configuration values for this menu Execute Command or Select P Submenu To select an item use the arrow keys to move the cursor to the field you want Then use the plus and minus value keys to select a value for that field The Save Values commands in the Exit Menu save the values currently displayed in all the menus To display a sub menu use the arrow keys to move the cursor to the sub menu you want Then press lt Enter gt A pointer gt marks all sub menus Phoenix Technologies Ltd Page 3 The Setup Guide PhoenixBlOS 4 0 User s Manual The Field Help Window The help window on the right side of each menu displays the help text for the currently selected field It updates as you move the cursor to each field The General Help Window Pressing lt F1 gt or lt Alt H gt on any menu brings up the General Help window that describes the legend keys and their alternates General Help Setup changes system behavior by modifying the BIOS Configuration parameters Selecting incorrect values may cause system boot failure load Setup Default values to recover lt Up Down gt arrows select fields in current menu lt PgUp PgDn gt moves to previous next page on scrollable menus lt Home End gt moves to top bottom item of current menu Within a field lt F5 gt or lt gt selects next lower value a
7. 08 19200 baud Modem status Line status AH 05h Extended Communications Port Control PS 2 AL 00 Read modem control register Entry DX Serial port 0 3 Exit BL Modem control register AL 01 Write modem control register Entry DX Serial port 0 3 BL Modem control register Exit AL Modem status AH Line status Interrupt 15h System Services The INT 15 software interrupt handles a variety of system services e Multi tasking 8Oh 81h 82h 85h 90h and 91h Joystick support 84h Wait routines 83h and 86h Protected mode support 87h and 89h Report extended memory to 64 kB 88h System information COh Advanced Power Management optional 53h Report extended memory above 64 kB optional 8Ah and E8h PS 2 Mouse support optional C2h EISA Support optional D8h The first section describes the standard Interrupt 15 services followed by separate sections describing each of the optional services Phoenix Technologies Ltd Page 53 The Technical Reference PhoenixBIOS 4 0 User s Manual Interrupt 15h System Services AH 00 03h Cassette services Entry No longer supported Exit Carry 1 Not supported AH 80h Device open Device identifier Process identifier Device close Device identifier Process identifier Program termination Device identifier Event wait 00 Set interval ES BX Pointer to byte in caller s memory that will have bit 7 set when interval expires CX Mic
8. 1 2 MB 15 80 720 kB 9 80 1 44 MB 9 80 1 44 MB 18 80 2 88 MB 9 80 2 88 MB 18 90 2 88 MB 36 80 The following describes the diskette services with their entry and exit values AH 00h AH 01h Exit AH AH 02h Entry Interrupt 13h Diskette Services Reset diskette system Return diskette status 00h No error Oth Illegal BIOS command 02h Address mark not found 03h Write protect error 04h Sector not found 06h Media has been changed 08h DMA overrun 09h DMA boundary error OCh Media not found 10h CRC error 20h NEC error 40h Seek error 80h Time out occurred Read diskette sectors ES BX Buffer address DL DH CH CL AL Exit AL AH 03h Entry Drive number 0 1 Head number 0 1 Track number 0 79 Sector number 8 36 Number of sectors 1 15 Number of sectors transferred Write diskette sectors ES BX Buffer address DL DH CH CL DL DH CH CL AL Exit AL Continued Drive number 0 1 Head number 0 1 Track number 0 79 Sector number 8 36 Number of sectors 1 15 Number of sectors transferred Verify diskette sectors Drive number 0 1 Head number 0 1 Track number 0 79 Sector number 8 36 Number of sectors 1 15 Number of sectors verified Phoenix Technologies Ltd PhoenixBIOS 4 0 User s Manual The Technical Reference Interrupt 13h Diskette Services Continued AH 05h Format diskette track Entry ES BX Buffer addres
9. 1 44 1 25 MB 3 Legacy Diskette B Not Installed Primary Master 6449 MB Secondary Slave None Secondary Master CD ROM Secondary Slave None Numlock Disabled Memory Cache Enabled System Shadow Enabled Video Shadow Enabled System Memory 640 KB Extended Memory 31744 KB Select Item Select Menu F1 Help ESC Exit Change Values Enter Select gt Sub Menu F9 Setup Defaults F10 Save and Exit See p 4 for a description of the fields on this menu Phoenix Technologies Ltd Page 2 PhoenixBIlOS 4 0 User s Manual The Setup Guide The Menu Bar The Menu Bar at the top of the window lists these selections Main Use this menu for basic system configuration Advanced Use this menu to set the Advanced Features available on your system s chipset Security Use this menu to set User and Supervisor Passwords and the Backup and Virus Check reminders Power Use this menu to configure Power Management features Exits the current ment Use the left and right lt arrow keys to make a selection See the section below Exiting Setup for a description on exiting the Main Menu The Legend Bar Use the keys listed in the legend bar on the bottom to make your selections or exit the current menu The chart on the following page describes the legend keys and their alternates lt PgUp gt or lt PgDn gt Move cursor to next or previous page Select the Previous Value for the field
10. 59 Get PM Event 58 Get Power State 58 Get Power Status 58 Installation Check 56 Interface Connect 56 Protected mode 16 bit interface connect 56 Protected mode 32 bit interface connect 57 Restore Power_On Defaults 57 Set Power State 57 Autotype 6 Basic Input and Output System 31 BDA 77 beep code 34 Big Memory 53 59 BIOS 31 data area 73 77 service 32 services 39 test points 35 BIOS ROM 28 BIOS32 Service Directory 39 Boot First Menu 26 27 boot options 9 bootable CD ROM 50 cache 7 24 cassette 54 CD ROM 50 Command Packet 51 Specification Packet 50 check points POST 34 35 chipset 13 16 clock 68 CMOS 21 error 24 save Setup values 21 Code Read Page Mode 14 color 42 palette 42 COM port 16 communications services 49 52 49 52 CPU speed keys 34 CRISDISK 28 CRISDISK BAT 28 29 CRISDISK ZIP 28 Crisis disk 28 Crisis Recovery Diskette 28 CrisisRecovery disk 30 cursor position 41 cursor 3 cylinder fixed disk 33 date 4 Desktop Management Interface 74 device busy 55 Device Node 72 Direct Memory Access 24 disk adapter 5 cylinder 47 sector 47 status 46 diskette 4 controller 16 sectors 44 services 43 45 status 44 type 44 45 diskette and fixed disk systems 46 DMA 24 DMI 74 Docking Station 72 drive parameter 45 48 type 45 EBDA 79 EDD services 49 EISA services 61 Enhanced Disk Drive services 49 Enhanced Parallel
11. BH BL AL Entry CX DS SI ESI PhoenixBIOS 4 0 User s Manual Interrupt 15h EISA Services Access EISA System Information 00h Read slot config information 80h Read slot config information 32 bit Slot number 0 63 Vendor information byte Bits 3 0 Duplicate ID number 0000 No duplicate ID 0001 First duplicate ID Bits 5 4 Slot type 00 Expansion slot 01 Embedded device 10 Virtual device 11 Reserved Product ID 00 Readable 01 Not readable Duplicate ID 00 No duplicate ID 01 Duplicate IDs Major revision level of config utility Minor revision level of config utility MSbyte of checksum of config file LSbyte of checksum of config file Number of device functions Combined function information byte Bit 7 Reserved Bit 6 Slot has free form data entries Bit 5 Slot has port initialization entries Bit 4 Slot has port range entries Bit 3 Slot has DMA entries Bit 2 Slot has IRQ entries Bit 1 Slot has memory entries Bit 0 Slot has function type entries First word of compressed device ID Second word of compressed device ID See Read physical slot information below Bit 6 Bit 7 01h Read function config information 81h Read function config information 32 bit Function number 0 to n 1 Slot number 0 63 Pointer to output data buffer Segment for return data buffer Offset to return data buffer 16 bit Offset to return data buffer 32 bit 02h Clear EISA CMOS configuration 82
12. Interrupt 16h Keyboard Services iis see ee ee ee ek ee ee 63 Interrupt 17h Parallel Printer ServiceS iese ese ee ee ee ke ee 64 Interrupt 17H EPP Services iese ee ee ee se ee ee ee ee ge ee ke ee 64 Interrupt 1Ah Time of Day SerViceS iese ee ee ek ee ee 68 Interrupt 1Ah General PCI Services iii ee ee ee ee ee 68 PnP Run Time Services iese ee AR Re AA Ge ee ee ee ee Re ee 70 SMBIOS Services esiisa AR Re AA Ge aiaa ke Re ee 74 MultiBoot Ill Run Time Services iii ee ee AR ee GR Re ee 76 BIOS Data MR RE AE 77 Extended BIOS Data Area iese ee AR ee ee ee GR Re ee ee ee 79 Interrupt ee RR EE sb oandeasbeenses 80 EA EE 81 Phoenix Technologies Ltd A bout This Manual This manual is divided into the following chapters Chapter 1 The Setup Guide This chapter describes a typical menu driven Phoenix Setup program which allows you to specify changes in the computer hardware e g add a new diskette drive and optimize system performance Setup maximizes your control over your system s features and performance This Setup Guide is only an example The Setup menus on your computer may be quite different Consult the Setup manual supplied with your computer Chapter 2 PhoenixBIOS Utilities This chapter describes two new programs that give you more control over the boot process e Phoenix QuietBoot e Phoenix MultiBoot Chapter 3 Phoenix Phlash This chapter describes how to use the P
13. customized software for non standard drives NOTE Since most hard drives are autotyped i e automatically determined by the BIOS or Operating System there is usually no need to set the drive geometry manually Type Cylinders Heads Sectors Wr Pre Landing 1 Phoenix Technologies Ltd Programmer s Guide PhoenixBIOS 4 0 User s Manual Type Cylinders Heads Sectors Wri Pre Landing Ee Es pai User det Bee i d OB seat TT PhoenixBlOS Function Keys The following are the special PhoenixBIOS function keys lt F2 gt Enter SETUP program during POST Ctrl Alt lt gt Switch to slow CPU speed Ctrl Alt lt gt Switch to fast CPU speed The speed switching keys are only operational when speed switching is available POST Errors and Beep Codes Recoverable POST Errors Whenever a recoverable error occurs during POST PhoenixBIOS displays an error message describing the problem PhoenixBIOS also issues a beep code one long tone followed by two short tones during POST if the video configuration fails no card installed or faulty or if an external ROM module does not properly checksum to zero An external ROM module e g VGA can also issue audible errors usually consisting of one long tone followed by a series of short tones Terminal POST Errors There are several POST routines that issue a POST Terminal Error and shut down the system if they fail Before shutting down th
14. not available 3 AddressRangeACPI available to OS 4 AddressRangeNVS not available to OS Other Not defined not available Continued Phoenix Technologies Ltd Page 59 The Technical Reference PhoenixBIOS 4 0 User s Manual Interrupt 15h Big Memory Services Continued NOTE Each call of this service defines a descriptor buffer and requests the memory status of the address range specified by the continuation value where zero first address range The function fills the buffer and returns the continuation value for the next address range where zero last address range AL 81h Big Memory Size 32 Bit Protected Mode Exit Carry 0 E881 supported EAX Memory 1 MB to 16 MB 1 kB blocks EBX Memory above 16 MB 64 kB blocks ECX Configured memory 1 MB to 16 MB 1 kB blocks EDX Configured memory above 16 MB 64 kB blocks Interrupt 15h PS 2 Mouse Services The INT 15 software interrupt optionally supports systems with the PS 2 mouse or similar devices installed on the motherboard The following table describes the exit status codes PS 2 Mouse Exit Status Codes 00h No error O1h Invalid function call 02h Invalid input value 03h Interface error 04h Request for resend received from 8042 05h No driver installed i e Function C207 has not been called The following table describes the Interrupt 15h PS 2 mouse services of PhoenixBIOS 4 0 Interrupt 15h PS 2 Mouse Services AH C2h P
15. 12 24 PS 2 mouse support 60 QuietBoot 26 QuietBoot 26 RAM 32 extended 24 read character 41 device type 60 drive parameters 45 drive type 48 ESCD 73 graphics pixel 42 modem control register 53 real time clock 68 Receive character 52 requirements option ROM 32 system board 32 Reset diskette system 44 ROM BIOS 31 default values 21 RTC 79 Runtime Services 71 72 scroll page 41 sector 47 sectors fixed disk 33 security 18 Send character 52 serial port status 52 Index serial services 49 52 49 52 service entry point 39 set cursor 41 video mode 41 Setup 25 get CMOS values 22 get ROM defaults 21 help window 4 Main Menu 2 MultiBoot 26 QuietBoot 26 save values to CMOS 21 start 7 shadow 8 24 25 slave drive 5 SMART 6 12 SMBIOS 2 2 Services 75 Snoop Ahead 14 software interrupts 39 Standby 19 sub menu 3 summary screen 9 Suspend 19 system information 43 memory map 59 memory size 43 parameters 55 services 53 Teletype 42 terminal error 34 test points 35 time of day 4 services 68 troubleshooting 35 typematic rate 63 UMB 25 UMB recovery 25 Upper Memory Blocks 25 verify diskette sectors 44 VGA error 34 VGABIOS EXE 29 video parameter 42 services 41 wait 54 wait state 13 23 write 42 buffer 14 character 42 cycle 14 diskette sectors 44 ESCD 73 graphics pixel 42 modem control register 53 page mode 14 Phoen
16. 2 Mouse installed nnnn kB Extended RAM Passed Where nnnn is the amount of RAM in kilobytes successfully tested nnnn Cache SRAM Passed o Where nnnn is the amount of system cache in kilobytes successfully tested nnnn kB Shadow RAM Passed Where nnnn is the amount of shadow RAM in kilobytes successfully tested nnnn kB System RAM Passed n Where nnnn is the amount of system RAM in kilobytes successfully tested One or more I20 Block Storage Devices were excluded from the Setup Boot Menu There was not enough room in the IPL table to display all installed LO block storage devices Operating system not found Operating system cannot be located on either drive A or drive C Enter Setup and see if fixed disk and drive A are properly identified Parity Check 1 nnnn Parity error found in the system bus BIOS attempts to locate the address and display it on the screen If it cannot locate the address it displays 2227 Party is a method for checking errors in binary data A parity error indicates that some data has been corrupted Page 24 Phoenix Technologies Ltd PhoenixBIOS 4 0 User s Manual The Setup Guide Parity Check 2 nnnn Parity error found in the I O bus BIOS attempts to locate the address and display it on the screen If it cannot locate the address it displays Press lt F1 gt to resume lt F2 gt to Setup lt F3 gt for previous Displayed after any recoverable error message Press lt F1 gt to start th
17. Failure Fixed Disk Fixed disk is not working or not configured properly Check to see if fixed disk is attached properly Run Setup Find out if the fixed disk type is correctly identified 0210 Stuck key Stuck key on keyboard 0211 Keyboard error Keyboard not working 0212 Keyboard Controller Failed Keyboard controller failed test May require replacing keyboard controller 0213 Keyboard locked Unlock key switch Unlock the system to proceed 0220 Monitor type does not match CMOS Run SETUP Monitor type not correctly identified in Setup 0230 Shadow Ram Failed at offset nnnn Shadow RAM failed at offset nnnn of the 64k block at which the error was detected 0231 System RAM Failed at offset nnnn System RAM failed at offset nnnn of in the 64k block at which the error was detected 0232 Extended RAM Failed at offset nnnn Extended memory not working or not configured properly at offset nnnn 0250 System battery is dead Replace and run SETUP The CMOS clock battery indicator shows the battery is dead Replace the battery and run Setup to reconfigure the system 0251 System CMOS checksum bad Default configuration used System CMOS has been corrupted or modified incorrectly perhaps by an application program that changes data stored in CMOS The BIOS installed Default Setup Values If you do not want these values enter Setup and enter your own values If the error persists check the system battery or contact your dealer
18. Mouse Enabled Secured Setup Configurations No Note An incorrect Peripheral Configuration setting can cause unexpected behavior in Large Disk Access Mode DOS some operating systems Local Bus IDE adapter Both SMART Device Monitoring Enabled Advanced Chipset Control gt I O Device Configuration F1 Help Select Item Change Values F9 Setup Defaults ESC Exit Select Menu Enter Select gt Sub Menu F10 Save and Exit Use the legend keys to make your selections and exit to the Main Menu Feature Options Deeriin Installed Operating System Other Select the operating system you Win95 use most often Win98 NT Reset Configuration Data Yes erases all configuration data in a section of memory for ESCD Extended System Configuration Data which stores the configuration settings for non PnP plug in devices Select Yes when required to restore the manufacturer s defaults PS 2 Mouse Enabled Disabled disables any installed Disabled PS 2 mouse but frees up IRQ 12 Auto for use by another device Auto OS Controlled lets the BIOS control the mouse OS Controlled lets the operating system control the mouse Secured Setup Configurations Yes prevents the Operating System from overriding selections you have made in Setup Large Disk Access Mode Select DOS if you have DOS Select Other if you have another operating system such as UNIX A large disk is one that has more than 1024 cylinders more than 16
19. Plug and Play automatically configures PC hardware and attached devices without requiring you to manually configure the device with jumpers or in Setup You can install a new device such as sound or fax card plug it in and start working begin playing To work properly however Plug and Play must be supported in the hardware and software including the BIOS the operating system such as Microsoft Windows 95 and the hardware drivers Each Plug and Play device must have all of the following capabilities 1 It must be uniquely identified 2 It must state the services it provides and the resources it requires 3 It must allow software to configure it Note To register a new unique vendor ID or manufacturer ID for Plug and Play hardware please send e mail to pnpid microsoft com NOTE There are a variety of Plug and Play technologies including BIOS ISA SCSI IDE CD ROM LPT COM PCMCIA and drivers For complete instructions on using the PnP BIOS Services consult the Plug and Play BIOS Specification V 1 0a You can download this specification and other PnP specifications from this Microsoft Web site http www microsoft com hwdev specs pnpspecs htm Page 70 Phoenix Technologies Ltd PhoenixBIOS 4 0 User s Manual The Technical Reference PhoenixBIOS 4 0 optionally supports PnP Plug and Play Runtime Services in Real and Protected Mode in with the following routines PnP Run Time Services Get Number of Device Nod
20. SMBIOS a Manager of Information Systems can access up to date information about the hardware and software installed on every computer on a network NOTE For complete instructions on using these services see the System Management BIOS Reference Specification available at the Phoenix Web site http www phoenix com products specs smbios pdf For descriptions of the DMI architecture see the Web site of the Desktop Management Task Force at http www dmtf org The SMBIOS Services are functions 50h through 5Fh of the PnP Run Time Services See PnP Run Time Services above for a description of how to find the PnP entry points to these SMBIOS Services The following are the SMBIOS services supported in PhoenixBIOS 4 0 SMBIOS Services Get SMBIOS Information Get SMBIOS Structure Set SMBIOS Structure Get GPNV Information Read GPNV Information Write GPNV Data The following are the exit status codes for the SMBIOS Services SMBIOS Services Exit Status Codes 00h Function Completed Successfully 81h Unknown or invalid function number passed 82h The function is not supported on this system 83h SMBIOS Structure number handle passed is invalid or out of range 84h The function detected invalid parameter or in the case of a Set SMBIOS Structure request detected an invalid value for a to be changed structure field 85h The SubFunction parameter supplied on a SMBIOS control function is not supported by the system BIO
21. Values F9 Setup Defaults ESC Exit Select Menu Enter Select gt Sub Menu F10 Save and Exit Use the legend keys to make your selections and exit to the Main Menu Use the following chart to configure the keyboard features Numlock Auto On or Off turns NumLock on or On off at boot up Auto turns Off NumLock on if it finds a numeric key pad Key Click Enabled Turns audible key click on Disabled Keyboard auto repeat rate 2 sec Sets the number of times a 6 sec second to repeat a keystroke 10 sec when you hold the key down 13 3 sec 21 8 sec 26 7 sec 30 sec Keyboard auto lag delay Sets the delay time after the key is held down before it begins to repeat the keystroke Page 10 Phoenix Technologies Ltd PhoenixBlOS 4 0 User s Manual The Setup Guide Boot Menu After you turn on your computer it will attempt to load the operating system such as Windows 98 from the device of your choice If it cannot find the operating system on that device it will attempt to load it from one or more other devices in the order specified in the Boot Menu Boot devices i e with access to an operating system can include hard drives floppy drives CD ROMs removable devices e g lomega Zip drives and network cards Note Specifying any device as a boot device on the Boot Menu requires the availability of an operating system on that device Most PCs come with an operating system already installed on hard drive C Se
22. access this specification in Acrobat format from the Phoenix Web site at http www phoenix com desktop bbs101 pdf PnP functions 60h through 6Fh are reserved for the BIOS Boot Specification See Appendix C of the Plug and Play BIOS Specification mentioned above for the details of the calling conventions These functions are available in Real Mode and 16 bit Protected Mode MultiBoot II Run Time Services 60h Get Version and Installation Check Entry short FAR entryPoint Function Version BiosSelector short Function unsigned short FAR Version unsigned short BiosSelector 61h Get Device Count Entry short FAR entryPoint Function Switch Count MaxCount StructSize BiosSelector short Function short Switch unsigned short FAR Count unsigned short FAR MaxCount unsigned short FAR StructSize unsigned short BiosSelector 62h Get Priority and Table Entry short FAR entryPoint Function Switch Priority Table BiosSelector short Function short Switch unsigned char FAR Priority unsigned char FAR Table unsigned short BiosSelector 63h Set Priority Entry short FAR entryPoint Function Switch Priority BiosSelector short Function short Switch unsigned byte FAR Priority unsigned short BiosSelector 64h Get IPL Device from Last Boot Entry short FAR entryPoint Function IPLEntry BiosSelector short Function unsigned short FAR IPLEntry unsigned short BiosSelector
23. amount of extended memory detected during boot up You can set the boot sequence of the bootable drives by selecting Boot Sequence on the Main Menu or opening the Boot Menu Page 4 Phoenix Technologies Ltd PhoenixBlOS 4 0 User s Manual The Setup Guide Master and Slave Sub Menus The Master and Slave sub menus accessed from the Main Menu control these types of devices e Hard disk drives e Removable disk drives such as Zip drives e CD ROM drives PhoenixBIOS 4 0 supports up to two IDE disk adapters called primary and secondary adapters Each adapter supports one master drive and one optional slave drive in these possible combinations 1 Master 1 Master 1 Slave 2 Masters 2 Masters Slave 2 Masters 2 Slaves There is one IDE connector for each adapter on your machine usually labeled Primary IDE and Secondary IDE There are usually two connectors on each ribbon cable attached to each IDE connector When you have connected two drives to these connectors the one on the end of the cable is the Master If you need to change your drive settings selecting one of the Master or Slave drives on the Main Menu displays a sub menu like this PhoenixBIOS Setup Utility Main Primary Master Item Specific Help Type Auto Select the drive type of Cylinders 13328 the fixed disk installed Heads 15 in your system If type Sectors Track 63 User is selected Maximum Capacity 6449 MB Cylinder
24. creating the Crisis Recovery Diskette Crisis Recovery Mode Page 30 You should only have to operate Phoenix Phlash in this mode only if your system does not boot the operating system when you turn on or reset your computer In these cases the BIOS on the Flash ROM has probably been corrupted Boot your system with the Crisis Recovery Diskette taking these steps 1 Insert the Crisis Recovery diskette which your dealer supplied or one that you should have created from the instructions above into drive A 2 Reset your computer power off on or press lt Ctrl gt lt Alt gt lt Del gt to reboot the system 3 When your system reboots Phoenix Phlash will restore the BIOS from the diskette and successfully boot the operating system Phoenix Technologies Ltd Programmer s Guide This chapter of the User s Manual gives application developers programmers and expert computer users a detailed description of the BIOS This chapter describes the following subjects e What is a ROM BIOS System Hardware Requirements Fixed Disk Tables PhoenixBIOS Function Keys POST Errors Run Time Services What is a ROM BIOS This section briefly explains the function of a BIOS in managing the special features of your system A ROM BIOS Basic Input Output System is a set of programs permanently stored in a ROM Read Only Memory chip located on the computer motherboard These programs micro manage the hardware devices installed on yo
25. heads or more than 63 tracks per sector Enabled Enabled installs SMART Self Disabled Monitoring Analysis Reporting Technology which issues a warning if an IDE failure is imminent WARNING Incorrect settings can cause your system to malfunction To correct mistakes return to Setup and restore the Setup Defaults with lt F9 gt Page 12 Phoenix Technologies Ltd PhoenixBIOS 4 0 User s Manual The Setup Guide Advanced Chipset Control No PCI In a system with no PCI selecting Advanced Chipset Control from menu bar on the Advanced menu displays a menu like this PhoenixBIOS Setup Utility Advanced Warning Setting items on this menu to incorrect values may cause your system to malfunction Parity check Enabled Hidden refresh Enabled Slow refresh Disabled Read wait states 0 Write wait states 0 Extra bus wait states 0 Multiple ALE Enabled Keyboard reset delay Disabled Item Specific Help Controls system memory parity through the chipset Select Item Select Menu Fl Help ESC Exit Change Values Enter Select gt Sub Menu F9 Setup Defaults F10 Save and Exit The chipset consists of one or more integrated circuits that act as an interface between the CPU and much of the system s hardware You can use this menu to change the values in the chipset registers and optimize your system s performance Use the legend keys to make your sel
26. identified in Setup 02D0 System cache error Cache disabled RAM cache failed and BIOS disabled the cache On older boards check the cache jumpers You may have to replace the cache See your dealer A disabled cache slows system performance considerably O2FO CPU ID CPU socket number for Multi Processor error 02F4 EISA CMOS not writeable ServerBIOS2 test error Cannot write to EISA CMOS 02F5 DMA Test Failed ServerBIOS2 test error Cannot write to extended DMA Direct Memory Access registers 02F6 Software NMI Failed ServerBIOS2 test error Cannot generate software NMI Non Maskable Interrupt 02F7 Fail Safe Timer NMI Failed ServerBIOS2 test error Fail Safe Timer takes too long device Address Conflict Address conflict for specified device Allocation Error for device Run ISA or EISA Configuration Utility to resolve resource conflict for the specified device CD ROM Drive CD ROM Drive identified Entering SETUP Starting Setup program Failing Bits nnnn The hex number nnnn is a map of the bits at the RAM address which failed the memory test Each 1 one in the map indicates a failed bit See errors 230 231 or 232 above for offset address of the failure in System Extended or Shadow memory Fixed Disk n Fixed disk n 0 3 identified Invalid System Configuration Data Problem with NVRAM CMOS data I O device IRQ conflict I O device IRQ conflict error PS 2 Mouse Boot Summary Screen PS
27. the existing boot sequence Boot Menu Select boot device or Setup Use the Up and Down arrows to select the Boot First device then lt Enter gt or press lt Esc gt to exit 1 Hard Drive 2 ATAPI CD ROM 3 Diskette Drive 4 Removable Devices 5 Network Boot lt Setup gt If there is more than one bootable hard drive the first one in the Setup Boot menu is the one represented here Phoenix Technologies Ltd Page 27 Installation B Phoenix Phlash Phoenix Phlash gives you the ability to update your BIOS from a floppy disk without having to install a new ROM BIOS chip Phoenix Phlash is a utility for flashing copying a BIOS to the Flash ROM installed on your computer from a floppy disk A Flash ROM is a Read Only Memory chip that you can write to using a special method called flashing Use Phoenix Phlash for the following tasks Update the current BIOS with a new version Restore a BIOS when it has become corrupted Phoenix Phlash is shipped on a floppy disk with your computer as a compressed file called CRISDISK ZIP that contains the following files CRISDISK BAT Executable file for creating the Crisis Recovery Diskette PHLASH EXE Programs the flash ROM PLATFORM BIN Performs platform dependent functions BIOS ROM Actual BIOS image to be programmed into flash ROM MINIDOS SYS Allows the system to boot in Crisis Recovery Mode MAKEBOOT EXE Creates the custom boot sector on the Cri
28. the port after POST Base I O Address IRQ 3F8 IRQ 4 If you select Enabled choose one of these combinations 2F8 IRQ 3 Parallel Port Disabled Disabled turns off the port Enabled Enabled requires you to enter the base Input Output address Auto and the Interrupt number below OS Controlled Auto makes the BIOS auto configure the port during POST OS Controlled lets the PnP Operating System such as Windows 95 configure the port after POST Output only Output only is standard one way protocol for a parallel Bi directional device Bi directional uses two way protocol of an Extended Capabilities Port ECP Base I O Address 378 If you select Enabled for the Parallel Port choose one of 278 these I O addresses 3BC ies ee TRQ5 If you select Enabled for the Parallel Port choose one of Pee eee these interrupt options Diskette Controller Disabled Enables the on board legacy diskette controller Enabled Disabled turns off all legacy diskette drives Base I O Address Primary If you select Enabled for the Diskette Controller choose Secondary Primary for one diskette drive installed or Secondary for two diskette drives installed Legacy USB Support Enabled Enables support for legacy USB bus Disabled Page 16 Phoenix Technologies Ltd PhoenixBIOS 4 0 User s Manual The Setup Guide Use this menu to specify how the I O Input and Output ports are configured e Manually by you e Automatically by the BIOS during POST
29. 1 to 2048 Number of the cylinder at which to change the write None timing Multi Sector Disabled Any selection except Disabled determines the number of Transfers Standard sectors transferred per block Standard is 1 sector per 2 sectors block 4 sectors 8 sectors 16 sectors LBA Mode Control Enabled Enabling LBA causes Logical Block Addressing to be used Disabled in place of Cylinders Heads amp Sectors 32 Bit VO Enabled Enables 32 bit communication between CPU and IDE Disabled card Requires PCI or local bus Transfer Mode Standard Selects the method for transferring the data between the Fast PIO 1 hard disk and system memory Fast PIO 2 The Setup menu only lists those options supported by the Fast PIO 3 drive and platform Fast PIO 4 SMART Monitoring Enabled Turn on Self Monitoring Analysis Reporting Technology Disabled which monitors condition of the hard drive and reports when a catastrophic IDE failure is about to happen IDE drives do not require setting Landing Zone and Write Precomp When you enter Setup the Main Menu usually displays the results of Autotyping information each drive provides about its own parameters e g cylinders heads and sectors and how the drives are arranged as Masters or Slaves on your machine Some older drives however do not use Autotyping and require selecting type User and entering a pre defined fixed disk type value e g 1 to 39 or specifying the drive parameters sepa
30. 14h 20 reports per second 28h 40 reports per second 3Ch 60 reports per second 50h 80 reports per second 64h 100 reports per second C8h 200 reports per second AL 07 Set PS 2 mouse driver address Entry ES BX Pointer to mouse driver Interrupt 15h EISA Services The INT 15 software interrupt optionally supports systems with EISA Extended Industry Standard Architecture with these services Read slot configuration information D800h D880h Read function configuration information D801h D881h Clear EISA CMOS D802h D882h Write slot configuration information to EISA CMOS D803h D883h Read physical slot information D804 D884h The EISA BIOS services accommodate real and protected mode and 16 and 32 bit addressing See the EISA specifications for descriptions of these services The following are the exit status codes for the Int 15 EISA services Int 15 EISA Exit Status Codes AH 00h No error If Carry 1 AH 80h Invalid slot number 81h Invalid function number 82h Extended CMOS corrupted 83h Empty slot specified 84h Error writing to CMOS 85h CMOS is full 86h Invalid BIOS routine call 87h Invalid system configuration 88h Configuration utility not supported The following are the Interrupt 15 EISA services of PhoenixBIOS 4 0 Phoenix Technologies Ltd Page 61 The Technical Reference AH D8h AL Entry CL Exit AL DI SI AL CH CL DS SI AL
31. 31 Intense versions of colors 0 15 BH 01 Set palette for mode 4 or 5 BL 00 Palette Green 1 Red 2 Yellow 3 01 Palette Cyan 1 Magenta 2 White 3 AH 0Ch Write graphics pixel Entry AL Color value for pixel XORed if bit7 1 CX Column to write pixel DX Row to write pixel AH 0D_ Read graphics pixel Entry CX Column to read pixel DX Row to read pixel Exit AL Value of pixel read AH 0E _ Teletype write character Entry AL Character to write BL Foreground color graphics only AH OF Return Current Video Parameters AL Current video mode AH Number of character columns BH Active page AH 13h Write string Entry ES BP Pointer to string CX Length of string to display DH Character row for display DL Character column for display BL Display attribute AL Write string mode 0 Chars only no cursor update 1 Chars only update cursor 2 Char Attrib no cursor update 3 Char Attrib update cursor Page 42 Phoenix Technologies Ltd PhoenixBIOS 4 0 User s Manual The Technical Reference Interrupt 11h Return System Information This service returns the equipment installed as determined by the BIOS on power up diagnostics and stored in the BIOS Data Area Interrupt 11 Return System Information Equipment information Definition Not used Math coprocessor installed PS 2 mouse installed Not used Initial video mode 00 EGA VGA 01 40x25 CGA 10 80x25 CGA 11 Monochrome Diskette dri
32. 9h Read configuration word Bus number 0 255 Bits 7 3 Device number Bits 2 0 Function number Register number 0 2 4 254 Word read 0Ah Read configuration Dword Bus number 0 255 Bits 7 3 Device number Bits 2 0 Function number Register number 0 4 8 252 Dword read OBh Write configuration byte Bus number 0 255 Bits 7 3 Device number Bits 2 0 Function number Register number 0 255 Byte value to write Continued Phoenix Technologies Ltd Page 69 The Technical Reference PhoenixBIOS 4 0 User s Manual Interrupt 1 Ah General PCI Services Continued AL 0Ch Write configuration word Entry BH Bus number 0 255 BL Bits 7 3 Device number Bits 2 0 Function number Register number 0 2 4 254 Word value to write ODh Write configuration Dword Bus number 0 255 Bits 7 3 Device number Bits 2 0 Function number Register number 0 4 8 252 Dword value to write OEh Get PCI IRQ routing options Segment or Selector for BIOS data Segment or Selector for Route Buffer parameter 16 bit offset for Route Buffer parameter 32 bit offset for Route Buffer parameter Exclusive PCI IRQ data map Bit 0 1 IRQO PCI only Bit 1 1 IRO1 PCI only Bit15 1 IRQI5 PCI only OFh Set PCI hardware interrupt Bus number 0 255 Bits 7 3 Device number Bits 2 0 Function number PCI interrupt pin OAh ODh IRQ number 0 15 Segment or Selector for BIOS data PnP Run Time Services
33. AM contains information about the pointing device PS 2 mouse INT 15h AH Clh returns the segment starting address of this table Extended BIOS Data Area Offset Size Description 00h 1 Size of EBDA in kbytes Olh 33 Reserved 21h 4 Pointer to device routine 25h 1 First byte of pointer information Bit Definition 4 Pointer error 5 Pointer acknowledge 6 Resend request 7 Command in progress Second byte of pointer information Bit Definition 6 Enable pointer device 7 Pointer external device Pointer data package Phoenix Technologies Ltd Page 79 The Technical Reference Interrupt Vectors Page 80 The following table describes the AT system interrupt vectors Status indicates PhoenixBIOS 4 0 User s Manual whether the BIOS supports the interrupt Description Divide by zero Single step Non Maskable interrupt Breakpoint Overflow Print Screen Interrupt 286 LoadAll Handler Reserved IRQO System Timer Interrupt IRO1 Keyboard Interrupt IRQ2 Reserved IRQ3 COM2 Interrupt IRO4 COM1 Interrupt IRQ5 LPT2 Interrupt IRQ6 Floppy Disk Interrupt IRQ7 LPT1 Interrupt BIOS Video Interface BIOS Equipment Check BIOS Memory Request BIOS Fixed Disk Diskette Interface BIOS Serial Interface BIOS System Functions Interface BIOS Keyboard Interface BIOS Parallel Printer Interface BIOS Secondary Boot Request BIOS Primary Boot Request BIOS System Timer Interface BIOS Control Break Interr
34. Controller write fault OEOh Unrecognized controller error Continued Page 46 Phoenix Technologies Ltd PhoenixBIOS 4 0 User s Manual The Technical Reference Interrupt 13h Fixed Disk Services Continued AH 02h Entry Read disk sectors ES BX Buffer address DL DH CH CL AL Exit AL AH 03h Entry Drive number 80h 8 1h Head number 0 15 Track number 0 1023 Put the two high order bits 8 and 9 in the high order bits of CL Sector number 1 17 Number of sectors 1 80h for read 1 79h for long read includes ECC Number of sectors transferred Write disk sectors ES BX Buffer address DL DH CH CL AL Exit AL AH 04h Entry Drive number 80H 81H Head number 0 15 Track number 0 1023 Put the two high order bits 8 and 9 in the high order bits of CL Sector number 1 17 Number of sectors 1 80h for write 1 79h for long write includes ECC Number of sectors transferred Verify disk sectors ES BX Buffer address DL DH CH CL AL Exit AL AH 05h Entry Drive number 80h 8 1h Head number 0 15 Track number 0 1023 Put the two high order bits 8 and 9 in the high order bits of CL Sector number 1 17 Number of sectors 1 80h for write 1 79h for long write includes ECC Number of sectors verified Format disk cylinder ES BX Pointer to table containing the DL DH CH CL AL Exit AL Continued Phoenix Techn
35. Int 17h EPP services 64 Int 17h parallel printer services 64 66 Int 1Ah PCI services 68 time of day services 68 interrupt non maskable 80 table 39 vector 80 joystick 53 support 54 key click 10 key repeat 10 keyboard error 55 64 servicesInt16H 63 landing Zone 5 33 Large Disk Mode 12 legend bar 3 LPT port 16 MAKEBOOT EXE 28 master drive 5 math coprocessor 77 media change 45 type for format 45 memory 4 extended 53 refresh 13 14 system 43 menu bar 3 MINIDOS SYS 28 29 MultiBoot 26 MultiBoot II Run Time Services 76 MultiBoot II Run Time Services 76 multi Sector Transfers 6 multi tasking services 53 NMI 24 Non Maskable Interrupt 24 numlock 10 NVRAM error 24 OEM screen 26 Operating System 32 option ROM 32 QuietBoot 27 Option ROM 25 palette 42 parallel printer services 64 66 Page 82 Phoenix Technologies Ltd PhoenixBIOS 4 0 User s Manual parity check 13 Parity Check 24 password 18 PCI 14 15 devices menu 15 PCI services 68 Peripheral Component Interconnect 15 Phlash 28 PHLASH EXE 28 PLATFORM BIN 28 PnP BIOS support installation check 71 Runtime Services 71 72 74 pointer device services 60 port 80h codes 35 POST 32 lt ESC gt 26 lt F2 gt 26 error 34 option ROM 27 terminal error 34 test points 34 Power Management 19 Power On Self Test 32 Printer 64 Program termination 54 protected mode 55 56 PS 2 Mouse
36. KERE ee NE RE EE RA s Ge ee ge 33 PhoenixBlOS Function Keys iese ee ee AR Re RA AR ee AR Re RR ee ee 34 POST Errors and Beep Codes iese ee ee ee RA ee ee Re ee RA ee 34 Recoverable POST EITOIS ese ees ee ee ee ee ee ee ee ee ee Ge ee ee ke ee 34 Terminal POST Errors ee ees ese ee ee ee ee ee AR Re ee Ge AA ee ee Re ee ee Re 34 Test Points and Beep CodeS iii ek ee ee Re ee AR Re ee ee ee 34 PhoenixBIOS 4 0 Services ee ee Re ER Re RA AR ee AR Re ee RA ee ee 39 Page iii Contents Page iv PhoenixBIOS 4 0 User s Manual BIOS32 Service Direct ee Re RA ee AR Ge Re ee ee Re 39 Interrupt 10h Video Services iii ek Ak ee AR Re ee ee 41 Interrupt 11h Return System Information iese ee ee 43 Interrupt 12h Return Memory Size sesse ee ee ek ee ea 43 Interrupt 13h Diskette Services ie ee ee GR ek ee ee 43 Interrupt 13h Fixed Disk ServiceS iese ee AR ek RA ee 46 Interrupt 13h Extended Fixed Disk Services ee esse ee 49 Interrupt 13h Bootable CD ROM Services ees ees se ee 50 Interrupt 14h Serial Services iii es Re AR Re ke ee 51 Interrupt 15h System Services ie ee ee ee AR Re ee ee 53 Interrupt 15h APM ServiceS iese ee ee se ee ee ee GR Re ee ee ke ea 56 Interrupt 15h Big Memory Services iese ee ek ee ee 59 Interrupt 15h PS 2 Mouse ServiceS iese ee se ee ee Re 60 Interrupt 15H EISA Services iese ee ee ee AR Ge ee ke ee 61
37. NOTE You can only supply a volume label after the Crisis Recovery Diskette has been formatted and the necessary files copied because MINIDOS SYS must occupy the first directory entry for the diskette to boot properly Updating the Crisis Recovery Diskette If the BIOS image BIOS ROM changes due to an update or bug fix you can easily update the Crisis Recovery Diskette Simply copy the new BIOS ROM image onto the Crisis Recovery Diskette No further action is necessary Executing Phoenix Phlash You can run Phoenix Phlash in one of two modes Command Line Mode Crisis Recovery Mode WARNING For your own protection be sure you have a Crisis Recovery Diskette ready to use before executing Phlash Command Line Mode Use this mode to update or replace your current BIOS To execute Phlash in this mode move to the directory into which you have installed Phoenix Phlash and type the following phlash Phoenix Phlash will automatically update or replace the current BIOS with the one which your OEM or dealer supplies you Phlash may fail if your system is using memory managers in which case the utility displays the following message Cannot flash when memory managers are present If you see this message after you execute Phlash you must disable the memory manager on your system To do so follow the instructions in the following sections Disabling Memory Managers To avoid failure when flashing you must disable the memory manag
38. OFFFFOh on the 16 byte boundaries for the contiguous 16 byte data structure beginning with the ASCII signature _32_ If they do not find this data structure then the platform does not support the BIOS32 Service Directory The following chart describes the data structure 4bytes ASCH signature _32_ Offset 0 underscore Offset 1 3 Offset 2 2 Offset 3 underscore ESE bytes Entry point for the BIOS32 Service Directory a 32 bit physical address ES Revision level Currently OOh 1 byte Length of this structure in 16 byte units This structure is 16 bytes long so the field O1h OAh 1 byte Checksum of whole data structure Result must be 0 Reserved Must be zero Once the data structure is found and verified the program can do a FAR CALL to the entry point specified in the above structure The calling environment requires 1 The CS code segment selector and the DS data segment selector must encompass the physical page of the entry point as well as the following page 2 The SS stack segment selector must have available 1 kB of stack space 3 Access to I O space The BIOS32 Service Directory provides a single call that Phoenix Technologies Ltd Page 39 The Technical Reference PhoenixBIOS 4 0 User s Manual Determines if the called 32 bit service is available and if it is available Returns three values a Physical address of the base of the BIOS service b Length of the BIOS service c E
39. P Installation check EPP printer port 0 2 0 45h E 50h P 50h P 45h 5050h EPP BIOS entry point Vectored EPP Services Call entry point AH 00h Query EPP port configuration Entry DL Exit AL BH BL CX ES DI EPP printer port 0 2 Interrupt level of EPP port 00 15h FFh Interrupts not supported EPP BIOS revision MMMMnnnn or M n T O capabilities Bit 0 Multiplexor present Bit 1 PS 2 bi directional capable Bit 2 Daisy chain present Bit 3 ECP capable SPP I O base address FAR pointer to EPP BIOS manufacturer s info version text string zero terminated AH 01h Set mode Entry DL AL EPP printer port 0 2 Modes Bit 0 Bit 1 Bit 2 Bit 3 Bit 4 Set compatibility mode Set Bi directional mode Set EPP mode Set ECP mode Set EPP software emulation via standard parallel port AH 02h Get mode Entry DL Exit AL EPP printer port 0 2 Modes Bit 0 Bit 1 Bit 2 Bit 3 Bit 4 Bit 7 In compatibility mode In Bi directional mode In EPP mode In ECP mode In EPP software emulation mode EPP port interrupts enabled AH 03h Interrupt control Entry DL AL EPP printer port 0 2 0 Disable EPP port interrupts 1 Enable EPP port interrupts AH 04h Reset EPP port Entry DL Continued Phoenix Technologies Ltd EPP printer port 0 2 Page 65 The Technical Reference Page 66 PhoenixBIOS 4 0 User s Manual Interrupt 17h E
40. PP Services Continued AH 05h Write address select device Entry DL EPP printer port 0 2 AL Device address to write AH 06h Read address Entry DL EPP printer port 0 2 AL Device address to write Exit AL Address device data returned AH 07 Write byte Entry DL EPP printer port 0 2 AL Data byte AH 08 Write block Entry DL EPP printer port 0 2 CX Number of bytes to write 0 64k ES SI Client buffer w data Exit CX Bytes not transferred 0 no error AH 09h Read byte Entry DL EPP printer port 0 2 Exit AL Data byte returned AH OAh Read block Entry DL EPP printer port 0 2 CX Number of bytes to read 0 64k ES DI Client buffer for returned data Exit CX Bytes not transferred 0 no error AH OBh Write address read byte Entry DL EPP printer port 0 2 AL Device address Exit AL Data byte returned AH 0Ch Write address write byte Entry DL EPP printer port 0 2 AL Device address DH Data byte to write AH ODh Write address read block Entry DL EPP printer port 0 2 AL Device address CX Number of bytes to read 0 64k ES DI Client buffer for data Exit AL Returned byte data CX Bytes not transferred 0 no error AH 0Eh Write address write block Entry DL EPP printer port 0 2 AL Device address CX Number of bytes to write ES SI Client buffer w data Exit CX Bytes not transferred 0 no error AH OFh Lock port Entry DL EPP printer port 0 2 BL Port address Bits 7 4 Daisy ch
41. Phoenix Technologies Ltd a enix technologies pho PhoenixBlIOS 4 0 Revision 6 User s Manual Phoenix Technologies Ltd 411 E Plumeria San Jose CA 95134 Copyright Disclaimer PhoenixBIOS 4 0 User s Manual 22 June 2000 2000 Phoenix Technologies Ltd All Rights Reserved The programs are provided as is without warranty of any kind either expressed or implied including but not limited to the implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose This publication could contain technical inaccuracies or typographical errors Changes are periodically made to the information herein these changes will be incorporated in new editions of this publication Phoenix Technologies Ltd is without obligation to notify any person of such revisions or changes Purpose of Document This guide explains how to configure your PC and optimize its performance using the Setup program It also explains how to use the BIOS function calls in writing computer programs PB4 0 UM 06 22 00 Page ii Phoenix Technologies Ltd Contents Phoenix Technologies Ltd About This Manual esse BEER Gee be teen DEERE Gee Ge bu ee bee Fe ee e 1 Chapter 1The Setup Guide ee ER AR AR ee AR Re AA RA ee ee ee Re ee ee Re ee 2 The Main Menu suis EES lave GE EES ER EE GE De EE We BE Ee ae Bee Ee see EEE E Ee bee 2 The Menu Bas sv eN SR ERA GEAG RE ieri ee AA ge ke ee 3 The Legend Bal es ss EE Ee Ee GR GR AD ES e
42. Printer 64 EPP 64 equipment information 43 error 34 address conflict 24 Phoenix Technologies Ltd Page 81 Index diskette 43 fixed disk 46 keyboard 55 64 port 80h codes 35 serial service 49 52 49 52 ESCD 12 73 exit menu 21 exit status codes 39 Int 13 Diskette 43 Int 14h general PCI 68 Int 15 EISA 61 Int17h EPP 65 PnP Runtime Services 71 SMBIOS 2 2 Services 74 Extended BIOS Data Area 55 79 extended memory 4 59 move block 55 size 55 Extended System Configuration Data 73 Fast PIO 6 fixed disk diagnostic 48 drive type 33 error codes 46 extended services 49 recalibrate 48 services 46 48 46 48 tables 33 Flash ROM 28 floppy drive See diskette floppy seek 9 format diskette track 45 Full On 19 function keys 34 Get Drive Parameters 49 graphics 42 hard disk See fixed disk hardware requirements 32 head fixed disk 33 help window 4 VO device error 24 IDE disk adapters 5 initialize PS 2 mouse 60 Initialize Serial Adapter 52 Int 10h video services 41 Int 11h return system info 43 Int 12h return memory size 43 Int 13h bootable CD ROM 50 diskette services 43 45 Extended Fixed Disk Services 49 fixed disk services 46 48 Int 14h serial services 49 52 Int 15h APM services 56 PhoenixBIOS 4 0 User s Manual Big Memory services 59 EISA services 61 PS 2 mouse services 60 system services 53 Int 15h services 79 Int 16h keyboard services 55 64
43. S 86h There are no changed SMBIOS structures pending notification 87h Returned when there was insufficient storage space to add the desired structure 8Dh A Set SMBIOS Structure request failed because one or more of the to be changed structure fields are read only 90h The GPNV functions do not support locking for the specified GPNV handle 91h The GPNV lock request failed the GPNV is already locked 92h The caller has failed to present the predefined GPNVLock value which is expected by the BIOS for access of the GPNV area Call each service by loading the function parameters on the stack and FAR calling the appropriate entry point The following are the SMBIOS Services in C syntax Page 74 Phoenix Technologies Ltd PhoenixBIOS 4 0 User s Manual The Technical Reference SMBIIOS Function Parameters 50h Get SMBIOS Information Entry short FAR entryPoint short Function unsigned char FAR dmiBIOSRevision unsigned short FAR NumStructures unsigned short FAR StructureSize unsigned long FAR dmiStorageBase unsigned short FAR dmiStorageSize unsigned short BiosSelector 51h Get SMBIOS Structure Entry short FAR entryPoint short Function unsigned short FAR Structure unsigned char FAR dmiStrucBuffer unsigned short dmiSelector unsigned short BiosSelector 52h Set SMBIOS Structure Entry short FAR entryPoint short Function unsigned char FAR dmiDataBuffer un
44. S 2 Mouse Support 00 Enable Disable PS 2 Mouse 00h Disable Olh Enable 01 Reset PS 2 Mouse Device ID 02 Set Sample Rate Entry BH Sample rate 00h 10 reports per second O1h 20 reports per second 02h 30 reports per second 03h 40 reports per second 04h 60 reports per second 04h 80 reports per second 05h 100 reports per second 06h 200 reports per second 03h Set resolution Resolution value 00h 1 count per millimeter O1h 2 counts per millimeter 02h 4 counts per millimeter 03h 8 counts per millimeter AL 04h Read Device Type Exit BH Device ID AL 05h Initialize PS 2 mouse Entry BH Data package size 01 08h in bytes Continued Page 60 Phoenix Technologies Ltd PhoenixBIOS 4 0 User s Manual The Technical Reference Interrupt 15h PS 2 Mouse Services continued AL 06h Set Scaling or Get Status Entry BH 00 Return status See Exit Status below 01 Set Scaling Factor to 1 1 02 Set Scaling Factor to 2 1 Exit If Entry BH 00 BL Status byte 1 Bit 0 1 Right button pressed Bit 1 0 Reserved Bit 2 1 Left button pressed Bit 3 0 Reserved Bit 4 0 1 1 Scaling 1 2 1 Scaling Bit 5 0 Disable 1 Enable Bit 6 0 Stream mode 1 Remote mode Bit 7 0 Reserved Status byte 2 00h 1 count per millimeter Olh 2 counts per millimeter 02h 4 counts per millimeter 03h 8 counts per millimeter Status byte 3 OAh 10 reports per second
45. See ROM BIOS Functions on page 32 e Automatically by a PnP Operating System such as Windows 95 after the Operating System boots Warning If you choose the same I O address or Interrupt for more than one port the menu displays an asterisk at the conflicting settings It also displays this message at the bottom of the menu Indicates a DMA Interrupt I O or memory resourc conflict with another device Resolve the conflict by selecting another settings for the devices Phoenix Technologies Ltd Page 17 The Setup Guide PhoenixBlOS 4 0 User s Manual The Security Menu Selecting Security from the Main Menu displays a menu like this PhoenixBIOS Setup Utility Main Advanced Security Power Boot Exit Item Specific Help Set User Password Enter Supervisor password Set Supervisor Password Enter controls access to Setup utility Virus Check Reminder Disabled System backup Reminder Disabled Password on boot Disabled Diskette access Disabled Fixed disk boot sector Normal F1 Help Select Item Change Values F9 Setup Defaults ESC Exit Select Menu Enter Select gt Sub Menu F10 Save and Exit Use the legend keys to make your selections and exit to the Main Menu Enabling Supervisor Password requires a password for entering Setup The passwords are not case sensitive Pressing lt Enter gt at either Set Supervisor Password or Set User Password displays a dialog bo
46. ad alternate registers with CMOS values 4h Initialize extended memory for RomPilot En initialize interrupt vectors SY 45h POST device initialization Phoenix Technologies Ltd Page 35 Programmer s Guide PhoenixBIOS 4 0 User s Manual Code Beeps POST Routine Description Cam initialize 20 suppor OOOO O OOOO O asn Check video configuration against CMOS aon Initialize PCI bus and devices amn initialize all video adapters in system n QuietBoot art opion am Shadow video BIOSROM an Display BIOS copyright nee am itialize Moio OOOO S son Display CPU type and speed Csm niatie EISA boar SSS Com Testkeyboard SSCS san Set key click enabled SCS ssn Enable USB devices son Initialize POST display sedeer san Display prompt Press F2 to enter SETUP C sn O Disable cUe OOOO OOOO son Tes RAM between STE and e0 B eon Testextended memory em Testextended memory address ines em Tumpto UserPatchi OoOO een Configure advanced cache rege em Initialize Multi Processor APIC esn Enable extemal and CPU caches eon Setup System Management Mode SMM area san Display external L2 cache size n Load custom defaults optional en Display shadow area message GEK Display possible high address For UMB recovery_ om Display error messages an Check for configuration eros en Check for keyboard eros aom Se up ha
47. address packet Extended Seek Drive number Disk address packet Get Drive Parameters Drive Number Address of Result Buffer Pointer to Result Buffer info size dw 30 size of this buffer flags dw sinfo flags See below cylinders dd scylinders on disk heads dd sheads on disk sec per track dd sectors per track sectors dq ssectors on disk sector size dw bytes per sector extended_table dd extended table ptr See below info flags Bit 0 0 DMA boundary errors possible 1 DMA errors handled Bit 1 0 CHS info not supplied 1 CHS info valid Bit 2 0 Drive not removable 1 Drive removable Bit 3 0 No write with verify 1 Write with verify Bit 4 0 No change line support 1 Change line support Bit 5 0 Drive not lockable 1 Drive lockable Bit 6 0 CHS values for installed media 1 Maximum CHS values for drive media absent Continued Phoenix Technologies Ltd Page 49 The Technical Reference PhoenixBIOS 4 0 User s Manual Interrupt 13h Extended Fixed Disk Services Continued Byte Type 0 1 Word 2 3 Word 4 Byte Type 10 11 12 13 Byte 14 Byte 15 Byte Extended Fixed Disk Parameter Table Description T O port address Control port address Bit 0 3 Reserved must be 0 Bit 4 0 Master 1 Slave Bit 5 Reserved must be 0 Bit 6 1 LBA enabled Bit 7 Reserved must be 1 Bits0 3 Phoenix Proprietary Bits 4 7 Reserved must be 0 Bits 0 3 IRQ for this drive Bits 4 7 Reserved mu
48. age to set cursor Character column position Character row position Get cursor position of page Page to return cursor Character column position Character row position Cursor top scan line Cursor bottom scan line Change displayed active page Page number to display Scroll active page up Upper left column to scroll up Upper left row to scroll up Lower right column to scroll up Lower right row to scroll up Attribute for blanked space Number of lines to scroll up 0 Blank screen Scroll active page down Upper left column to scroll down Upper left row to scroll down Lower right column to scroll down Lower right row to scroll down Attribute for blanked space Number of lines to scroll down 0 Blank screen Read character and attribute Video page to read character Character Character attribute Phoenix Technologies Ltd Page 41 The Technical Reference PhoenixBIOS 4 0 User s Manual Interrupt 10h Video Services Continued AH 09h Write character and attribute Entry AL Character to write BL Character attribute alpha Character color graphics BH Page to write character CX Count of characters to write AH 0Ah Write character at cursor Entry BH Page to write character AL Character to write CX Count of characters to write AH OBh Set color palette Entry BH 00 Set colors If mode 4 or 5 BL background color If mode 0 3 BL border color If mode 6 or 11 BL foreground color BL 0
49. ain port number 1 8 Bits 3 0 Mux device port number 1 8 0 No multiplexor AH 10h Unlock port Entry DL EPP printer port 0 2 Continued Phoenix Technologies Ltd PhoenixBIOS 4 0 User s Manual The Technical Reference Interrupt 17h EPP Services Continued AH 11h Device interrupt Entry DL EPP printer port 0 2 BL The multiplexor device port 1 8 0 No multiplexor AL 0 Disable device interrupts 1 Enable device interrupts ES DI Far pointer to interrupt event handler AH 12h Real time mode Entry AL 0 Query if any real time device present 1 Add advertise real time device 2 Remove real time device Exit AL 0O No real time devices present 1 One or more real time devices present AH 40h Query multiplexor Entry DL EPP printer port 0 2 Exit AL BitO 1 Channel locked Bit 1 1 Interrupt pending BL Currently selected port AH 41h Query multiplexor device port Entry DL EPP printer port 0 2 BL The multiplexor device port 1 8 0 No multiplexor Exit AL Status flags Bit 0 1 Port selected Bit 1 1 Port locked Bit 2 1 Interrupts enabled Bit 3 1 Interrupt pending CX EPP product Device ID 0 Undefined AH 42h Set product ID Entry DL EPP printer port 0 2 AL Mapped EPP Mux device port 1 8 CX EPP Product ID AH 50h Rescan daisy chain Entry DL EPP printer port 0 2 BL The multiplexor device port 1 8 0 No multiplexor AH 51h Query daisy chain Entry DL EPP pr
50. applications Initialize and Configure the computer The first job of a ROM BIOS is to initialize and configure the computer hardware when you turn on your computer system boot The BIOS runs a series of complex programs called the Power On Self Test POST which performs a number of tasks including e Test Random Access Memory RAM e Conduct an inventory of the hardware devices installed in the computer e Configure hard and floppy disks keyboard monitor and serial and parallel ports e Configure other devices installed in the computer such as CD ROM drives and sound cards e Initialize computer hardware required for computer features such as Plug and Play and Power Management e Run Setup if requested e Load and run the Operating System such as DOS OS 2 UNIX or Windows 95 or NT BIOS Services The second task of the ROM BIOS is to provide the Operating System device drivers and application programs with access to the system hardware It performs this task with a set of program routines called BIOS Services which are loaded into high memory at boot time The number of BIOS Services is always changing The BIOS Services of PhoenixBIOS 4 05 provide precise control of hardware devices such as disk drives which require careful management and exhaustive checking for errors They also help manage new computer features such as Power Management Plug and Play and MultiBoot System Hardware Requirements PhoenixBIOS 4 0 requires the f
51. ay cause hash on some CGA displays If the system hangs before the BIOS can process the error the value displayed at the port 80h is the last test performed In this case the screen does not display the error code The following is a list of the checkpoint codes written at the start of each test and the beep codes issued for terminal errors Unless otherwise noted these codes are valid for PhoenixBIOS 4 0 Release 6 x initialize system hardware nitiatize caches to inital POST values om nitiatize 70 componen orn tele the focal bus DE gn initialize Power Management ith oad altemate registers with initial POST values 12h Restore CPU control word during warm boot isn initialize PCT Bus Mastering devices ran Pnitalize Keyboard controller rn Intalie cache before memory Awo sze isn 8954 timer initialization SSS tan 8257 DMA controller initialization ich Reset Programmable Interrupt Controller aan __ Set ES segment registero40B o Auto size DRAM SS om nitalize POST Memory Manager om Clear S12 KB base RAM SCS 2Eh 1 3 4 3 RAM failure on data bits xxxx of low byte of memory bus 2Fh Enable cache before system BIOS shadow 32h Test CPU bus clock frequency 33h o Initialize Phoenix Dispatch Manager Gen Warm star shut down SS 38h Shadow system BIOS ROM aah Auto size ache SSCS 3ch Advanced configuration of chipset registers 3Dh Lo
52. backed up the system or scanned it for viruses Message returns on each boot until you respond with vy Daily displays the message on the first boot of the day Weekly on the first boot after Sunday and Monthly on the first boot of the month Normal Write Protect Disabled Daily Weekly Monthly Page 18 Phoenix Technologies Ltd PhoenixBIOS 4 0 User s Manual The Setup Guide The Power Menu Selecting Power from the menu bar displays a menu like this PhoenixBIOS Setup Utility gt Advanced Options Main Advanced Security Power Boot Exit Item Specific Help Power Savings Customize Select Power Management Mode Choosing modes Standby Timeout 15 sec changes system power Auto Suspend Timeout 15 sec management settings Maximum Power Savings Hard Disk Timeout 10 min conserves the greatest Video Timeout 5 min amount of system power while Maximum Resume On Modem Ring off Performance conserves Resume On Time Off power but allows greatest system performance To alter these settings choose Customize To turn off power management choose Disable Fl Help ESC Exit Select Item Select Menu Change Values Enter Select gt Sub Menu F9 Setup Defaults F10 Save and Exit Use this menu to specify your settings for Power Management Remember that the options available depend upon the hardware installed in your system Those shown here are from a typical system
53. communication services of PhoenixBIOS 4 0 AH 03h Entry DX Exit AH AL Continued Page 52 Interrupt 14h Serial Services Initialize Serial Adapter Init parameters Bit 1 0 10 7 data bits 11 8 data bits 0 1 stop bit 1 2 stop bits 00 No parity 10 No parity 01 Odd parity 11 Even parity 000 110 Baud 417 divisor 001 150 Baud 300 divisor 010 300 Baud 180 divisor 011 600 Baud 0CO divisor 100 1200 Baud 060 divisor 101 2400 Baud 030 divisor 110 4800 Baud 018 divisor 111 9600 Baud 00C divisor Serial port 0 3 Bit 2 Bit 4 3 Modem status Line status Send character Character to transmit Serial port 0 3 Line status Receive character Serial port 0 3 Character received Line Status Return serial port status Serial port 0 3 Line status Modem status Phoenix Technologies Ltd PhoenixBIOS 4 0 User s Manual The Technical Reference Interrupt 14h Serial Services Continued AH 04h Extended Initialize PS 2 Entry DX 0 3 Communications adapter AL 00 Break 01 No break BH Parity 00 None 01 Odd 02 Even 03 Stick parity odd 04 Stick parity even Stop bits 00 One 01 Two if 6 7 or 8 bit word length One and one half if 5 bit word length Word length 00 5 bits 01 6 bits 02 7 bits 03 8 bits Baud rate 00 110 baud 01 150 baud 02 300 baud 03 600 baud 04 1200 baud 05 2400 baud 06 6000 baud 07 9600 baud
54. ctor Exit APM ID table Length Description Dword Device identifier Word APM 1 1 identifier 40h Get PnP ISA Configuration Structure Entry int FAR entryPoint Function Configuration BiosSelector int Function unsigned char FAR Configuration unsigned int BIOS Selector Exit PnP ISA Configuration structure Offset Description 00h Structure revision Olh Number of Card Select Numbers assigned 02h ISA Read Data port 04h Reserved dih Get Extended System Configuration Data ESCD Entry int FAR entryPoint Function MinESCDWriteSize ESCDSize NVStorageBase BiosSelector int Function unsigned int FAR MinESCDWriteSize unsigned int FAR ESCDSize unsigned long FAR NVStorageBase unsigned int BiosSelector 42h Read Extended System Configuration Data Entry int FAR entryPoint Function ESCDBuffer ESCDSelector BiosSelector int Function char FAR ESCDBuffer unsigned int ESCDSelector unsigned int BiosSelector 43h Write Extended System Configuration Data ESCD Entry int FAR entryPoint Function ESCDBuffer ESCDSelector BiosSelector int Function char FAR ESCDBuffer unsigned int ESCDSelector unsigned int BiosSelector Phoenix Technologies Ltd Page 73 The Technical Reference PhoenixBIOS 4 0 User s Manual SMBIOS Services The System Management BIOS SMBIOS one of the components of the Desktop Management Interface DMD is a method for managing PCs in an enterprise Using
55. e lt Enter gt key to expand or collapse the devices marked with lt gt or lt gt Press lt Ctrl Enter gt to expand all such devices Note Floppy drives are not managed on this menu as part of Removable Devices To change a device s priority on the list first select it with the up or down arrows and move it up or down using the lt gt and lt gt keys Pressing lt n gt moves a device between the Removable Devices and Hard Drive Pressing lt Shift 1 gt enables or disables a device QuickBoot Mode Enabled Enabled skips some POST tests Disabled speeding boot time Display OPROM Messages Enabled Displays boot messages of add on Disabled cards Recommended for newly installed cards May be disabled later Preferred Video AGP If you have more than one video card PCI select one to be used at boot Summary Screen Enabled Display system configuration screen Disabled during POST Phoenix Technologies Ltd Page 11 The Setup Guide PhoenixBlOS 4 0 User s Manual The Advanced Menu Selecting Advanced from menu bar on the Main Menu displays a menu like this PhoenixBIOS Setup Utility Main Advanced Security Power Boot Exit Item Specific Help Setting items on this menu to incorrect values may cause your system to malfunction Installed Operating System Other Select the operating Reset Configuration Data No system installed on you gt PCI Configuration system that you use most often PS 2
56. e 3 The Field Help Window uu ees ee ee ee AR ee Re ee ee Re ee ee ge ee 4 The General Help Window iese ee ee Re RR AA ee ee ee Re ee 4 Main Menu Selections ies ee Re RR RA ee ee Re ee ee Re ee 4 Master and Slave Sub MeNnus iese es ee AA ee ee ee ee Re ee 5 Memory Cache iii see ee RA Ak Re AA ee GR ek Ge AA AA ee ee ee ee Re ke 7 Memory ShadOW iese ek ee AR ee GR Re ee GRA ee ee ee Re ee ee Re ee 8 Boot Sequence ui ie ee AA ee ER AR Re AAR AA AA ee Ee ee ee Re ke 9 Keyboard Features eise ee es Be ee ek ER ee ek ER ee ek ER ee ek ER ee ek ER ee 10 talige EE N 11 The Advanced MENU se ee ee Re ee Re ee ee Re ee ee Re ee ee ge ee 12 Advanced Chipset Control No PCI ees ee ee RR ee 13 Advanced Chipset Control Menu PCI BIOS ie esse 14 PCI Devices Menu iii se ee ee ede ee ee Re ke RA ke ek ee Ge ee ee Re ee 15 VO Device Configuration MENU ees see ek ke ee ee ee ee ee ke ee 16 The Security Menu see ee ER AA AA ee ee ER AA RA Ak Ge ek AR Ge ee ee Re ee ek Aa 18 The Power MENU sie Ee EE RE Ee AAR Se Ee GLAS AE Wa EG Ee Gee EE De ee EE Ee Gee ge ee 19 Fhe DO EL eeete esse cannes bec EAEE EEDE EEEE A 21 Saving Valias ii esses N RR 21 Exit Discarding Changes iii ee ee RA ee ee ee Ge ee ee ke ee 21 Load Setup Defaults eee 21 Discard Change Si sis AE EE GE AS Re RR Ge ee ae Ke Ee ke 22 Save ChangeS ii Ee Es Ee SE ee SE Re KERR Ga Ee N ae AE EE ee se 22 PhoenixBIOS MessageS
57. e boot process or lt F2 gt to enter Setup and change the settings Press lt F3 gt to display the previous screen usually an initialization error of an Option ROM i e an add on card Write down and follow the information shown on the screen Press lt F2 gt to enter Setup Optional message daped during POST Can be turned off in Setup PS 2 Mouse PS 2 mouse identified Run the 120 Configuration Utility One or more unclaimed block storage devices have the Configuration Request bit set in the LCT Run an 20 Configuration Utility e g the SAC utility System BIOS shadowed System BIOS copied to shadow RAM UMB upper limit segment address nnnn Displays the address nnnn of the upper limit of Upper Memory Blocks indicating released segments of the BIOS which can be reclaimed by a virtual memory manager Video BIOS shadowed Video BIOS successfully copied to shadow RAM Phoenix Technologies Ltd Page 25 Zoa Utilities Phoenix Boot Utilities are e Phoenix QuietBoot e Phoenix MultiBoot Phoenix QuietBoot displays a graphic illustration rather than the traditional POST messages while keeping you informed of diagnostic problems Phoenix MultiBoot is a boot screen that displays a selection of boot devices from which you can boot your operating system Phoenix QuietBoot Right after you turn on or reset the computer Phoenix QuietBoot displays the QuietBoot Screen a graphic illustration created by the comp
58. e system the terminal error handler issues a beep code signifying the test point error writes the error to port 80h attempts to initialize the video and writes the error in the upper left corner of the screen using both mono and color adapters The routine derives the beep code from the test point error as follows 1 The 8 bit error code is broken down to four 2 bit groups Discard the most significant group if it is 00 2 Each group is made one based 1 through 4 by adding 1 3 Short beeps are generated for the number in each group Example Test point 01Ah 00 01 10 10 1 2 3 3 beeps Test Points and Beep Codes At the beginning of each POST routine the BIOS outputs the test point error code to I O address 80h Use this code during trouble shooting to establish at what point the system failed and what routine was being performed Page 34 Phoenix Technologies Ltd PhoenixBlOS 4 0 User s Manual Programmer s Guide Some motherboards are equipped with a seven segment LED display that displays the current value of port 80h For production boards that do not contain the LED display you can purchase a card that performs the same function If the BIOS detects a terminal error condition it halts POST after issuing a terminal error beep code See above and attempting to display the error code on upper left corner of the screen and on the port 80h LED display It attempts repeatedly to write the error to the screen This m
59. echnologies Ltd Page 26 PhoenixBIOS 4 0 User s Manual Boot Utilities Press lt F1 gt to resume lt F2 gt to Setup Press lt F1 gt to continue with the boot Press lt F2 gt if you want to correct the error in Setup Keyboard Input Request If the BIOS or an Option ROM add on card requests keyboard input QuietBoot switches over to the POST screen and the Option ROM displays prompts for entering the information POST continues from there with the regular POST screen Phoenix MultiBoot Phoenix MultiBoot expands your boot options by letting you choose your boot device which could be a hard disk floppy disk or CD ROM You can select your boot device in Setup or you can choose a different device each time you boot during POST by selecting your boot device in The Boot First Menu MultiBoot consists of e The Setup Boot Menu e The Boot First Menu See the Setup Boot menu on p 11 The following describes the Boot First Menu The Boot First Menu Display the Boot First Menu by pressing lt Esc gt during POST In response the BIOS first displays the message Entering Boot Menu and then displays the Boot Menu at the end of POST Use the menu to select any of these options 1 Override the existing boot sequence for this boot only by selecting another boot device If the specified device does not load the operating system the BIOS reverts to the previous boot sequence Enter Setup Press lt Esc gt to continue with
60. ections display the sub menus and exit to the Main Menu Use the following chart in configuring the chipset Parity check Enabled Controls system memory parity Disabled checking Hidden refresh Enabled Refreshes regular memory Disabled without holding up the CPU Enabled Disabled i of 4 Slow Refresh Read wait states Write wait states m W Enabled Disabled Extra bus wait states Multiple ALE Slows memory refresh by a factor Sets the number of wait states added to reads from system memory Chipset dependent Sets the number of wait states added to writes to system memory Chipset dependent Sets the number of wait states added to accesses of the AT bus Chipset dependent Determines whether to use single or multiple ALEs during cycle conversion Keyboard reset delay Enabled Enabled adds a 2 microsecond Disabled delay before resetting the system NOTE The contents of this menu depend on the chipset installed on your motherboard and chipsets vary widely Consult your dealer or the chipset manual before changing the items on this menu Incorrect settings can cause your system to malfunction Phoenix Technologies Ltd Page 13 The Setup Guide PhoenixBIOS 4 0 User s Manual Advanced Chipset Control Menu PCI BIOS If the system has a PCI chipset selecting Advanced Chipset Control from the Advanced menu displays a menu like this PhoenixBIOS Setup Utility Advanc
61. ed Advanced Chipset Control Item Specific Help Hidden Refresh Disabled Enables CPU to PCI write Code Read Page Mode Disabled buffers which allow Write Page Mode Disabled data to be temporarily CPU to PCI Write Buffers Disabled stored in buffers before PCI to DRAM Write Buffers Disabled writing the data CPU to DRAM Write Buffers Disabled Snoop Ahead Disabled PCI Memory Burst Cycles Disabled F1 Help Select Item Change Values F9 Setup Defaults ESC Exit Select Menu Enter Select gt Sub Menu F10 Save and Exit The chipset is one or more integrated circuits that act as an interface between the CPU and the system s hardware It manages such things as memory access buses and caching You can use this menu to optimize the performance of your computer Use the legend keys to make your selections and exit to the Main Menu Use the following chart in configuring the chipset EI NEE Refresh Disabled Refreshes regular memory EIE ca without holding up the CPU Code Read Page Mode Disabled Improves performance when Enabled code contains mainly sequential instructions Write ee Mode Disabled Improves performance when data eee eae is written sequentially CPU to PCI Write Buffers Disabled Stores CPU data in buffers Enabled before writing to PCI PCI to DRAM Write Buffers Disabled Stores PCI data in buffers before Enabled writing to DRAM CPU to DRAM Write Buffers Disabled St
62. eo Shadow from the Main Menu displays a menu like the one shown here The actual features displayed depend on the capabilities of your system s hardware PhoenixBIOS Setup Utility Main Memory Shadow Item Specific Help System shadow Enabled Enables shadowing of Video shadow Enabled Option ROM in this region Shadow Option ROM s C800 CEFF Disable D000 DUFF Disable D800 DFFF Disable D800 DFFF Disable E800 EFFF Disable F1 Help Select Item Change Values F9 Setup Defaults ESC Exit Select Menu Enter Select gt Sub Menu F10 Save and Exit Use the legend keys to make your selections and exit to the Main Menu Use the following chart to configure memory shadowing WARNING Incorrect settings can cause your system to malfunction To correct mistakes return to Setup and restore the Setup Defaults with lt F9 gt System shadow Usually permanently enabled Video shadow Enabled Shadows video BIOS and improves Disabled performance Enabled Disabled Shadow Option ROM Shadows option ROM located in the specified segments of memory and can improve performance WARNING Some option ROMs do not work properly when shadowed Page 8 Phoenix Technologies Ltd PhoenixBIOS 4 0 User s Manual Boot Sequence The Setup Guide Selecting Boot Sequence on the Main Menu displays the Boot Options menu PhoenixBIOS Setup Utility Main Boot Opti
63. er device IDs All other values reserved where XXh Unit Number 0 based Unit Number FFh all devices in this class Function code 0000h Disengage power management 0100h Engage power management Interrupt 15h Big Memory Services The INT 15 software interrupt is an installable option that handles the calls reporting extended memory over 64 MB Interrupt 15h Big Memory Services AH 8Ah Big Memory size Phoenix definition Entry AX Low 16 bit value DX High 16 bit value amount of memory above 64 MB in 1 kB blocks AH E8h Big Memory size AL 0th Big Memory Size 16 Bit Exit Carry 0 E801 Supported AX Memory 1 MB to 16 MB in 1 kB blocks BX Memory above 16 MB in 64 kB blocks CX Configured memory 1 MB to 16 MB in 1 kB blocks DX Configured memory above 16 MB in 64 kB blocks AL 20h System Memory Map Entry EBX Continuation value ES DI Address of Address Range Descriptor ECX Length of Address Range Descriptor gt 20 bytes EDX SMAP signature Exit Carry 0 E820 Supported EAX SMAP signature ES DI Same value as entry ECX Length of actual reported information in bytes EBX Continuation value Structure of Address Range Descriptor Bytes 0 3 Low 32 bits of Base Address Bytes 4 7 High 32 bits of Base Address Bytes 8 11 Low 32 bits of Length in bytes Bytes 12 15 High 32 bits of Length in bytes Bytes 16 20 Type of Address Range 1 AddressRangeMemory available to OS 2 AddressRangeReserved
64. ers that load from CONFIG SYS and AUTOEXEC BAT There are two recommended procedures for disabling the memory managers One consists of pressing the lt F5 gt key only if you are using DOS 5 0 or above and the other requires the creation of a boot diskette DOS 5 0 or later version For DOS 5 0 and later follow the two steps below to disable any memory managers on your system If you are not using at least DOS 5 0 then you must create a boot diskette to bypass any memory managers See Create a Boot Diskette below 1 Boot DOS 5 0 or later version In Windows 95 at the boot option screen choose Option 8 Boot to a previous version of DOS 2 When DOS displays the Starting MS DOS message press lt F5 gt After you press lt F5 gt DOS bypasses the CONFIG SYS and AUTOEXEC BAT files and therefore does not load any memory managers You can now execute Phlash Create a Boot Diskette To bypass memory managers in DOS versions previous to 5 0 follow this recommended procedure Phoenix Technologies Ltd Page 29 Phoenix Phlash PhoenixBlOS 4 0 User s Manual 1 Insert a diskette into your A drive 2 Enter the following from the command line Format A S 3 Reboot your system from the A drive Your system will now boot without loading the memory managers and you can then execute Phlash NOTE The boot diskette you create here is distinct from a Crisis Recovery Diskette See page 409 for details about
65. es Get Device Node Set Device Node Get Event Send Message Get Docking Station Information Set Statically Allocated Resources Get Statically Allocated Resources Get APM 1 1 ID Table Get ISA Configuration Structure Get ESCD Information Read ESCD Data Image Write ESCD Data Image The following are the exit status codes for the PnP Runtime Services PnP Runtime Service Exit Status Codes 00h No error If Carry 1 7Fh Device not set statically 81h Unknown or invalid function 82h Function not supported 83h Handle for Device Node invalid or out of range 84h Bad resource descriptors 85h Set Device Node function failed 86h No events pending 87h System currently not docked 88h No ISA PnP cards installed 89h Cannot determine docking station capabilities 8Ah Undocking failed no battery 8Bh Docking failed conflict with primary boot device 8Ch Caller s memory buffer too small 8Dh Use ESCD support function instead 8Eh Send Message 04h function not supported 8Fh Hardware error To find the PnP entry points search for the PnP BIOS Support Installation Check structure by searching for the PnP signature in system memory staring from FOOOOh to FFFFFh at every 16 byte boundary Check the validity of the structure by adding the values of Length bytes including the Checksum field into a 8 bit value Zero indicates a valid checksum The following describes the support structure P
66. esses for three parallel adapters in the BIOS Data Area at 3FCh 378h and 278h These services use the I O ports 0278h 027Ah 0378h 037Ah and 03BCh 03BEh Interrupt 17h Parallel Printer Services AH 00h Print character Entry AL Character to print DX Printer port 0 3 Exit AH Printer Status see below AH 01h Initialize printer port Entry DX Printer port 0 3 Exit AH Printer Status see below AH 02h Return printer status Entry DX Printer port 0 3 Exit AH Printer Status Bit 0 1 Time out error Bit 1 Reserved Bit 2 Reserved Bit 3 1 VO error Bit 4 1 Printer selected Bit 5 1 Out of paper Bit 6 1 Acknowledgment from printer Bit 7 1 Printer not busy Interrupt 17h EPP Services Use Interrupt 17h 02h to obtain the BIOS entry point also called the EPP Vector to Enhanced Parallel Printer EPP Services To use the other EPP services load AH with an appropriate function value and Far call the EPP Vector The following are the EPP exit status codes Phoenix Technologies Ltd PhoenixBIOS 4 0 User s Manual The Technical Reference EPP Services Exit Status Codes 00h No error 01h Failed I O function 02h Invalid function 03h EPP not supported 04h Not an EPP port 20h Multiplexor not present 40h Multiplexor already locked The following are the Int 17 EPP services of PhoenixBIOS 4 0 AH 02h Entry DX AL CH BL BH Exit AL CX DX BX Interrupt 17h EPP Service EP
67. event code AL 0Ch Get Power State Entry BX Power Device ID 0001h All PM devices managed by the BIOS 01XXh Display 02XXh Secondary Storage 03XXh Parallel Ports 04XXh Serial Ports 05XXh Network Adapters 06XXh PCMCIA Sockets E000h EFFFh OEM defined power device IDs All other values reserved where XXh Unit Number 0 based AH 53h APM 1 1 BIOS Services AL 0Dh Enable Disable power management APM 1 1 only Entry BX Power Device ID 0001h All PM devices managed by the BIOS 01XXh Display 02XXh Secondary Storage 03XXh Parallel Ports 04XXh Serial Ports 05XXh Network Adapters 06XXh PCMCIA Sockets E000h EFFFh OEM defined power device IDs All other values reserved where XXh Unit Number 0 based AL 0Eh APM Driver Version APM 1 1 only Entry BX 0000h BIOS device CH APM Driver major version number BCD CL APM Driver minor version number BCD Exit AH APM Connection major version number BCD AL APM Connection minor version number BCD Continued Page 58 Phoenix Technologies Ltd PhoenixBIOS 4 0 User s Manual The Technical Reference Interrupt 15h APM Services Continued AL O0Fh Engage disengage power management APM 1 1 only Entry BX Power Device ID 0001h All PM devices managed by the BIOS 01XXh Display 02XXh Secondary Storage 03XXh Parallel Ports 04XXh Serial Ports 05XXh Network Adapters 06XXh PCMCIA Sockets E000h EFFFh OEM defined pow
68. for reading from the cache Shorter number Dependent of pulses improves performance Cache Write Cycles Chipset Sets the number of clock pulses for writing to the cache Shorter number of Dependent pulses improves performance Cache System BIOS Enabled Caches the system BIOS and improves performance Disabled Cache Video BIOS Enabled Caches the video BIOS and improves performance Disabled Cache segments e g E300 EFFF Enabled Controls caching of individual segments of memory usually reserved for Disabled shadowing system or option ROMs Non cacheable regions Pe Specifies areas of regular and extended memory as non cacheable regions Region 0 start 0 Multiples of 64 define start of non cacheable region 0 in kilobytes Multiples of 64 Region 0 size Disabled Disabling makes this region available for cache Multiples of 64 define size Multiples of 64 of non cacheable region 0 in kilobytes Region 1 start 0 Multiples of 64 define start of non cacheable region 1 in kilobytes Multiples of 64 Region 1 size Disabled Disabling makes this region available for cache Multiples of 64 define size Multiples of 64 of non cacheable region 1 in kilobytes WARNING Incorrect settings can cause your system to malfunction To correct mistakes return to Setup and restore the Setup Defaults with lt F9 gt Phoenix Technologies Ltd Page 7 The Setup Guide PhoenixBlOS 4 0 User s Manual Memory Shadow Selecting System Shadow or Vid
69. h Bootable CD ROM Services Continued Type Byte Dword Word Description Controller index of CD drive Logical Block Address Device specification For SCSI Byte 8 LUN and PUN of CD drive Byte 9 Bus number For IDE Byte 8 LSB 0 Master 1 Slave User buffer segment Load segment only for Int 13h 4Ch 00h 7COh Virtual sector count only for Int 13h 4Ch Low order bits 0 7 of the cylinder count Matches returned CH of Int 13h 08h Bits 0 5 Sector count Bits 6 7 High order 2 bits of cylinder count Matches returned CL of Int 13h 08h Head count Matches returned DH of Int 13h Oh Bootable CD ROM Service 4Dh uses a pointer to the Command Packet described here Bootable CD ROM Command Packet Description Packet size in bytes currently 08h Count of sectors in boot catalog to transfer Pointer to destination buffer for boot catalog Beginning sector to transfer relative to start of the boot catalog Int 14 4Dh should set this value to OOh The following describes the Interrupt 13 Bootable CD ROM Services of PhoenixBIOS 4 0 Int 13 Bootable CD ROM Services Initiate disk emulation 00 Pointer to Specification Packet See above 0 Specified drive emulating 1 System not in emulation mode Terminate disk emulation 00h Return status and terminate emulation Oth Return status only do not terminate Drive number to terminate 7Fh Terminate all Empty Specification Packet C
70. h Clear EISA CMOS configuration 32 bit Configuration utility major revision level Configuration utility minor revision level 03h Write slot config information 83h Write slot config information 32 bit Length of data structure in bytes Segment of data table Offset of data table 16 bit call Offset of data table 32 bit call Continued Page 62 Phoenix Technologies Ltd PhoenixBIOS 4 0 User s Manual The Technical Reference Interrupt I5h EISA Services Continued AL 04h Read board ID registers 84h Read board ID registers 32 bit Entry CL Slot number 0 63 Exit DI First word of compressed ID Byte 0 Bits 1 0 2nd character of manufacturer code Bits 6 2 1st character of manufacturer code Bit 7 Reserved Byte 1 Bits 4 0 3rd character of manufacturer code Bits 5 7 2nd character of manufacture code cont Second word of compressed ID Byte 0 Bits 3 0 2nd hex digit of product number Bits 7 4 1st hex digit of product number Byte 1 Bits 3 0 Hex digit of revision number Bits 7 4 3rd hex digit of product number If Carry 1 Interrupt 16h Keyboard Services The INT 16 software interrupt handles keyboard I O services The following describes the keyboard services of PhoenixBIOS 4 0 Interrupt 16h Keyboard Services Read keyboard input ASCII keystroke pressed Scan code of key Return keyboard status ASCII keystroke pressed Scan code of key No keystroke available Keystroke in buffer Retu
71. h Off 0004h Last Request Processing Notification 0005h Last Request Rejected 0006h 001Fh Reserved system states 0020h 003Fh OEM defined system states 0040h 007Fh OEM defined device states 0080 FFFFh Reserved device states Not supported for Power Device ID 0001h Only supported for Power Device ID 0001h AL 08h Enable disable power management Entry BX CX Power Device ID 0001h All PM devices controlled by the BIOS FFFFh All PM devices controlled by the BIOS For compatibility with APM 1 0 All other values reserved Function code 0000h Disable power management 0001h Enable power management AL 09h Restore Power On Defaults Entry BX Continued Phoenix Technologies Ltd Power Device ID 0001h All PM devices managed by the BIOS FFFFh All PM devices managed by the BIOS For compatibility with APM 1 0 All other values reserved Page 57 The Technical Reference PhoenixBIOS 4 0 User s Manual Interrupt 15h APM Services Continued AL 0Ah Get Power Status Entry BX Power Device ID 0000h APM BIOS All other values reserved Exit BH AC line status 00h Off line Olh On line 02h On backup power FFh Unknown All other values reserved Battery status 00h High Olh Low 02h Critical 03h Charging FFh Unknown Percentage of charge remaining 0 100 Percentage of full charge FFh Unknown All other values reserved AL OBh Get PM Event Exit BX PM
72. hoenix Phlash utility for upgrading your BIOS without having to replace the BIOS ROM chip Chapter 4 Programmer s Guide This chapter gives programmers and expert PC users a detailed description of PhoenixBIOS It contains the following sections Overview Hardware Requirements Fixed Disk Tables Function Keys POST Errors and Beep Codes BIOS Services BIOS Data Area Interrupt Vector Table Phoenix Technologies Ltd Page 1 f The Setup Guide The Main With the PhoenixBIOS Setup program you can modify BIOS settings and control the special features of your computer The Setup program uses a number of menus for making changes and turning the special features on or off Note The menus shown here are from a typical system The actual menus displayed on your screen may be quite different and depend on the hardware and features installed in your computer For more accurate information about your BIOS Setup program consult your system manual or contact the manufacturer Menu To start the PhoenixBIOS Setup utility Turn on or reboot your system PhoenixBIOS displays this message Press lt F2 gt to enter SETUP vvv v v v 2 Pressing lt F2 gt displays the Main Menu which looks like this PhoenixBIOS Setup Utility Main Advanced Security Power Boot Exit Item Specific Help System Time 16 19 20 System Date 03 02 1994 lt Tab gt lt Shift Tab gt or lt Enter gt selects field Legacy Diskette A
73. inter port 0 2 BL The multiplexor device port 1 8 0 No multiplexor Exit AL Status flags Bit 0 1 Channel locked Bit 1 1 Interrupt pending BL Currently selected device CL Depth of daisy chain on this port 0 No daisy chain on this port ES DI Pointer to ASCII string driver vendor ID Phoenix Technologies Ltd Page 67 The Technical Reference PhoenixBIOS 4 0 User s Manual Interrupt 1Ah Time of Day Services The INT 1Ah software interrupt handles the time of day I O services A Carry flag set on exit may indicate the clock is not operating Interrupt 1Ah Time of Day Services Read current time High word of tick count Low word of tick count 00h Day rollover has not occurred Timer count is less than 24 hours since last power on or reset Set current time Clear rollover bit High word of tick count Low word of tick count Read real time clock BCD hours BCD minutes BCD seconds 00 Standard Time Olh Daylight Savings Set the real time clock BCD hours BCD minutes BCD seconds Olh Daylight saving 00h Otherwise Read date from real time clock BCD century BCD year BCD month BCD date Set date in real time clock BCD century BCD year BCD month BCD date Set real time alarm BCD hours to alarm BCD minutes to alarm BCD seconds to alarm 1 Alarm already set Reset real time alarm Value written to CMOS RAM register OBh Interrupt 1Ah General PCI Services Phoe
74. ix Technologies Ltd Page 83 Index PhoenixBIOS 4 0 User s Manual pixel 42 precomp 6 33 string 42 teletype 42 Page 84 Phoenix Technologies Ltd
75. lecting Boot from the Menu Bar displays the Boot menu which looks like this PhoenixBIOS Setup Utility Main Advanced Security Power Boot Exit Item Specific Help QuickBoot Mode Enabled Use these keys to set Display OPROM Messages Enabled the boot order in which Preferred Video AGP the BIOS attempts to Summary Screen Enabled boot the OS lt gt or lt gt moves device Removable Devices up or down ATAPI CD ROM Drive lt Enter gt expands or Hard Drive collapses devices marked Primary Master with or Bootable Add in Card lt Ctrl Enter gt expands all Network Boot lt Shift 1 gt enables or disables a device lt n gt moves a removable device between hard or removable disk F1 Help Select Item Change Values F9 Setup Defaults ESC Exit Select Menu Enter Select gt Sub Menu F10 Save and Exit Use this menu to arrange to specify the priority of the devices from which the BIOS will attempt to boot the Operating System In the example above the BIOS will attempt first to boot from the CD ROM drive the only Removable Device listed Failing that it will attempt to boot from the Primary Master hard disk and so on down the list Removable Devices Hard Drive and Network Boot are the generic types of devices on your system from which you can boot an operating system You may have more than one device of each type If so the generic type is marked with a plus or minus sign Use th
76. lling a protected mode entry point and offset Invoking a software interrupt causes the CPU to fetch an address from the interrupt table in low memory and execute the service routine Some services return exit values in certain registers All registers are preserved unless they return data or status Generally a Carry flag set on exit indicates a failed service A zero on exit in the AH register usually indicates no error any other value is the service s exit status code BIOS32 Service Directory While the standard BIOS services are accessed through the interrupt table newer services are accessed by a FAR CALL to a service entry point Programmers can determine the entry point by searching for a particular signature such as PnP in the BIOS range and finding the entry point in the header The BIOS32 Service Directory standard in PhoenixBIOS 4 0 provides a single entry point for all those services in the BIOS that are designed for BIOS clients running in a 32 bit code segment such as 32 bit operating systems and 32 bit device drivers The BIOS32 Service Directory itself is a 32 bit BIOS service that provides a single entry point for the other 32 bit services For a full description of this service see the Standard BIOS 32 Bit Service Directory Proposal Rev 0 4 published by Phoenix and available on the Phoenix Web site at http www phoenix com products specs html Programs calling the 32 bit BIOS services should scan OEOOOOh to
77. looking for there it accesses regular memory Selecting Memory Cache from the Main menu displays a menu like the one shown here The actual features displayed depend on your system s hardware PhoenixBIOS Setup Utility Main Memory Cache Item Specific Help External cache Enabled Sets the state of the external system memory Cache Interleave Disabled cache Cache Write Back Disabled Cache Read Cycles 2T Cache System BIOS Disabled Cache Video BIOS Enabled Cache E800 EFFF Disabled Cache E000 E7FF Disabled Cache D800 DFFF Disabled Cache D000 DUFF Disabled Cache C800 CFFF Disabled Cache C800 CFFF Disabled Non cacheable Regions Region 0 start 0 kB Region 0 size Disabled Region 1 start 0 kB Region 1 size Disabled F1 Help Select Item Change Values F9 Setup Defaults ESC Exit Select Menu Enter Select Sub Menu F10 Save and Exit Use the legend keys listed on the bottom to make your selections and exit to the Main Menu Use this chart to configure the memory cache Feature Options WEN SSCSC S S S External Cache Enabled Generally enables or disables all memory caching Disabled Cache Interleave Enabled Interleaves multiple banks of static RAM Improves CPU access Disabled Cache Write Back Enabled Enables caches to both read and write to memory Disabled caches reads Disabled only Cache Read Cycles Chipset Sets the number of clock pulses
78. nP Support Installation Check Description ASCII PnP signature Version 10h Length 21h Control field Checksum Event notification flag address Real Mode 16 bit offset to entry point Real Mode 16 bit code segment address 16 bit Protected Mode offset to entry point 16 bit Protected Mode code segment base address OEM Device Identifier Real Mode 16 bit data segment address 16 bit Protected Mode data segment base address Call each service by loading the function parameters on the stack and FAR calling the appropriate entry point The following are the Runtime Services of PhoenixBIOS 4 0 in C syntax Phoenix Technologies Ltd Page 71 The Technical Reference PhoenixBIOS 4 0 User s Manual PnP Runtime Service Function Parameters 00h Get Number of Device Nodes Entry int FAR entryPoint Function NumNodes NodeSize BiosSelector int Function unsigned char FAR NumNodes unsigned int FAR NodeSize unsigned int BiosSelector 01h Get System Device Node Entry int FAR entryPoint Function Node devNodeBuffer Control BiosSelector int Function unsigned char FAR Node struc DEV_NODE FAR devNodeBuffer unsigned int Control unsigned int BiosSelector 02h Set System Device Node Entry int FAR entryPoint Function Node devNodeBuffer Control BiosSelector int Function unsigned char Node struc DEV_NODE FAR devNodeBuffer unsigned int Control unsigned int BiosSelector 03h Get Event Entr
79. nd lt F6 gt lt gt or lt Space gt selects next higher value lt Left Right gt arrows select menus on menu bar lt Enter gt displays more options for items marked with aD lt Enter gt also displays an option list on some fields lt F9 gt loads factory installed Setup Default values lt F10 gt restores previous values from CMOS lt ESC gt or lt Alt X gt exits Setup in sub menus pressing these keys returns to the previous menu lt Fl gt or lt Alt H gt displays General Help this screen Continue The scroll bar on the right of any window indicates that there is more than one page of information in the window Use lt PgUp gt and lt PgDn gt to display all the pages Pressing lt Home gt and lt End gt displays the first and last page Pressing lt Enter gt displays each page and then exits the window Press lt Esc gt to exit the current window Main Menu Selections You can make the following selections on the Main Menu itself Use the sub menus for other selections HEEMINSS MM DD YYYY Set the system date Diskette 1 360 kB 5 4 Select the type of floppy disk Diskette 2 1 2 MB 5 4 drive installed in your system 720 kB 3 Va 1 25 MB is a Japanese media 1 44 1 25 MB 3 Va format that requires a 342 3 2 88 MB 3 2 Mode Diskette drive Not installed Disabled System Memory N A Displays amount of conventional memory detected during boot up Extended Memory N A Displays the
80. nixBIOS 4 0 optionally supports General PCI Interrupt 1 Ah Services The following are the exit status codes PCI Services Exit Status Codes 00h Successful If Carry 1 81h Function not supported 83h Bad vendor ID 86h Device not found 87h Bad register number 88h Set failed 89h Buffer too small The following are the PCI Services Page 68 Phoenix Technologies Ltd PhoenixBIOS 4 0 User s Manual AH Bih AL Exit EDX AL BH BL CL The Technical Reference Interrupt 1Ah General PCI Services PCI Services 01h PCI BIOS present PCI P in DL C in DH etc Hardware mechanism Bit Description 5 Spec Cycle Config Mechanism 2 support 4 Spec Cycle Config Mechanism 1 support 1 Config Mechanism 2 support 0 Config Mechanism 1 support Interface level major version Interface level minor version Number of last PCI bus 02h Find PCI Device Entry CX DX SI Exit BH BL AL Entry ECX SI Device ID 0 65535 Vendor ID 0 65534 Index 0 n Bus number 0 255 Bits 7 3 Device number Bits 2 0 Function number 03h Find PCI class code Class code in lower three bytes Index 0 n Bus number 0 255 Bits 7 3 Device number Bits 2 0 Function number 06h Generate special cycle Bus number 0 255 Special cycle data 08h Read configuration byte Bus number 0 255 Bits 7 3 Device number Bits 2 0 Function number Register number 0 255 Byte read 0
81. ns stored in CMOS After you save your selections the program displays Values have been saved to CMOS Press lt space gt to continue ording to the Setup this message If you attempt to exit without saving the program asks if you want to save before exiting During boot up PhoenixBIOS attempts to load the values saved in CMOS If those values cause the system boot to fail reboot and press lt F2 gt to enter Setup In Setup you can get the Default Values as describe the selections that caused the boot to fail Exit Discarding Changes Use this option to exit Setup without storing in CMO d below or try to change S any new selections you may have made The selections previously in effect remain in effect Load Setup Defaults To display the default values for all the Setup menus Defaults from the Main Menu The program display select Load Setup s this message ROM Default values have been loaded Press lt space gt to continue If during boot up the BIOS program detects a problem in the integrity of values stored in CMOS it displays these messages System CMOS checksum bad run SI Press lt F1l gt to resume The CMOS values have been corrupted or modified i ETUP lt F2 gt to Setup ncorrectly perhaps by an application program that changes data stored in CMOS Phoenix Technologies Ltd Page 21 The Setup Guide PhoenixBIOS 4 0 User s Manual Press lt F1 gt
82. nters 78 4 Lpt1 4 time out values 7C 4 Com1 4 time out values Extended Keyboard Data Area 80 2 Key buffer start 82 2 Key buffer end EGA VGA Data Area Number of video rows Bytes per character EGA Status A EGA Status B VGA Status A Display Combination Code index Extended Diskette Area 8B 1 Last diskette data rate Continued Phoenix Technologies Ltd PhoenixBIOS 4 0 User s Manual The Technical Reference BIOS Data Area Continued Extended Fixed Disk Area 8C 1 FDisk status 8D 1 FDisk error value 8E 1 FDisk interrupt flag Additional Extended Diskette Area Offset Size Description 8F 1 Floppy info nibbles 90 4 Floppy state information 94 2 Floppy cylinder number Additional Extended Keyboard Data Area 96 1 Keyboard control 97 1 Keyboard flag 2 Bit Definition Scroll LED on Num lock LED on Caps lock LED on Ack code received Resend received LED being updated Keyboard error Real Time Clock Area Offset Size Description 98 4 RTC user flag 9C 2 RTC time low word 9E 2 RTC time high word AO 1 RTC wait flag Network Data Area Al 7 Network work area Extended EGA VGA Data Area A8 4 EGA VGA environment pointer Miscellaneous AC FF Reserved 100 1 Print screen flag If the BIOS supports the Extended BIOS Data Area it uses the LPT4 address in the BIOS data area Offset OE for the Extended BIOS Data Area segment Extended BIOS Data Area The Extended BIOS Data Area EBDA located in the top 1k of system R
83. ntry BX Exit AX BX CX Continued 0000h Power Device ID APM BIOS All other values reserved APM 16 bit code segment real mode segment base address Offset of entry point into the BIOS APM 16 bit data segment real mode segment address BIOS code segment length BIOS data segment length Page 56 Phoenix Technologies Ltd PhoenixBIOS 4 0 User s Manual The Technical Reference Interrupt 15h APM Services Continued AL 03h Entry BX Exit AX EBX CX DX SI DI AL 04h Entry BX Protected mode 32 bit interface connect Power Device ID 0000h All other values reserved APM 32 bit code segment real mode segment base address Offset of entry point into the BIOS APM 16 bit data segment real mode segment address APM data segment real mode segment address BIOS code segment length BIOS data segment length Protected mode 32 bit interface connect 0000h Power Device ID APM BIOS All other values reserved AL 05h CPU Idle AL 06h CPU busy AL 07h Entry BX Set Power State Power Device ID 0001h All PM devices managed by the BIOS 01XXh Display 02XXh Secondary Storage 03XXh Parallel Ports 04XXh Serial Ports 05XXh Network Adapters 06XXh PCMCIA Sockets E000h EFFFh OEM defined power device IDs where XXh Unit Number 0 based Unit Number FFh all units in this class Power State 0000h APM enabled 0001h Standby 0002h Suspend 0003
84. ntry point into the BIOS service offset of the base BIOS32 Service Directory Service Identifier Four character string identifying the 32 bit service requested e g PCI Low order byte BL is the BIOS32 Service Directory Function Selector Currently zero supplies the values described below Upper three bytes are reserved and must be zero on entry Return code 00h Service corresponding to the Service Identifier is present 80h Service corresponding to the Service Identifier is not present 81h Function Selector specified not supported Physical address of base of 32 bit service Length of BIOS service Entry point of BIOS service offset to base in EBX Page 40 Phoenix Technologies Ltd PhoenixBIOS 4 0 User s Manual The Technical Reference Interrupt 10h Video Services The INT 10h software interrupt handles all video services The results of some of these functions may depend on the active video mode and the particular video controller installed CL CH DL DH BH AL AH 08h Entry BH Exit AL AH Continued Interrupt 10 Video Services Set video mode Mode value 0 7 0 40x25 Black amp White 1 40x25 Color 2 80x25 Black amp White 3 80x25 Color 4 320x200 Color 5 320x200 Black amp White 6 640x200 Black amp White 7 Monochrome only Set cursor size Bits 4 0 Cursor top scan line Bits 4 0 Cursor bottom scan line Set cursor position P
85. of day Check key lock Initialize typematic rate Erase F2 prompt Scan for F2 key stroke Enter SETUP Clear Boot flag Check for errors Inform RomPilot about the end of POST POST done prepare to boot operating system One short beep before boot Terminate QuietBoot optional Check password optional Initialize ACPI BIOS Prepare Boot Initialize SMBIOS Initialize PnP Option ROMs Clear parity checkers Display MultiBoot menu Clear screen optional Check virus and backup reminders Try to boot with INT 19 Initialize POST Error Manager PEM Initialize error logging Initialize error display function Initialize system error handler PnPnd dual CMOS optional Initialize note dock optional Initialize note dock late Force check optional Extended checksum optional Redirect Int 15h to enable remote keyboard Redirect Int 13h to Memory Technologies Devices such as ROM RAM PCMCIA and serial disk Redirect Int 10h to enable remote serial video Re map I O and memory for PCMCIA Initialize digitizer and display message Unknown interrupt The following are for boot block in Flash ROM Initialize the chipset Initialize the bridge Initialize the CPU Initialize system timer Initialize system I O Check force recovery boot Checksum BIOS ROM Gees Page 37 Programmer s Guide PhoenixBIOS 4 0 User s Manual Code Beeps POST Routine Description E8h Set Huge Segment E9h PY Initialize Multi Processor
86. ollowing hardware components on the motherboard System Board Requirements CPU 486 or later AT compatible and MC146818 RTC compatible chipset AT or PS 2 compatible Keyboard controller At least 1 MB of system RAM The Power On Self Test POST of the BIOS initializes additional ROM BIOS extensions Option ROMs if they are accessible in the proper format The requirements are Page 32 Phoenix Technologies Ltd PhoenixBlOS 4 0 User s Manual Programmer s Guide Adapter ROM Requirements The code must reside in the address space between COOOOH and FOOOOH The code must reside on a 2K boundary The first two bytes of the code must be 55H and AAH The third byte must contain the number of 512 byte blocks The fourth byte must contain a jump to the start of the initialization code The code must checksum to zero byte sum NOTE The address space from COOOOH to C8000H is reserved for external video adapters e g EGA VGA Part of the address space from DOOOOH to EOOOOH is typically used by expanded memory EMS Fixed Disk Tables PhoenixBIOS 4 0 supports up to four fixed disk drives For each drive it supports 39 pre defined drive types and four user defined types 40 43 Below is a table of the pre defined drive types and their default values End users can modify the user defined drive type for each fixed disk listed in Setup by using the menus of the Setup program This feature avoids the need for
87. ologies Ltd following byte pair for each sector in the track Byte 0 00h if sector is good 80h if sector is bad Byte 1 Sector Number 0 255 Drive number 80H 81H Head number 0 15 Track number 0 1023 Put the two high order bits 8 and 9 in the high order bits of CL Sector number 1 17 Number of sectors 1 80h for write 1 79h for long write includes ECC Number of sectors formatted Page 47 The Technical Reference PhoenixBIOS 4 0 User s Manual Interrupt 13h Fixed Disk Services Continued AH 08h Entry DL Exit CL CH DH DL AH AL CX DX AH 09h Entry DL AH 0Ah Entry Read drive parameters Drive number 80H 81H Maximum sector number Maximum cylinder number High bits in CL Maximum head number Number of responding drives 0 2 If Carry 1 07h Invalid drive number 0 Error 0 Error 0 Error Initialize drive parameters Drive number 80H 81H Read long sector ES BX Buffer address DL DH CH CL AL Exit AL AH OBh Entry Drive number 80H 81H Head number Cylinder number Sector number Cyl high Number of sectors Number of sectors transferred Write long sector ES BX Buffer address DL DH CH CL AL Exit AL AH 0Ch Entry Drive number 80H 81H Head number Cylinder number Sector number Cyl high Number of sectors Number of sectors transferred Seek drive ES BX Buffer address DL DH CH CL AH 0Dh Entr
88. ompleted Specification Packet See above Exit status codes 0 System released 1 System not in emulation mode Initiate disk emulation and boot 00h Specification Packet See above Return boot catalog 00h Point to Command Packet See above Interrupt 14h Serial Services The INT 14 software interrupt handles serial I O service requests Use the AH register to specify the service to invoke This describes the UART Modem and Line Status returned by these services It also includes two services 04h and 05h that support the extended communication capabilities of PS 2 Phoenix Technologies Ltd Page 51 The Technical Reference PhoenixBIOS 4 0 User s Manual The following describes the modem status returned by serial services AL Bit 0 Bit 1 Bit 2 Bit 3 Bit 4 Bit 5 Bit 6 Bit 7 Modem Status Description 1 Delta clear to send 1 Delta data set ready 1 Trailing edge ring indicator 1 Delta data carrier detect 1 Clear to send 1 Data set ready 1 Ring indicator 1 Received line signal detect The following describes the line status returned by Int 14h Serial Services AH Bit 0 Bit 1 Bit 2 Bit 3 Bit 4 Bit 5 Bit 6 Bit 7 Line Status Description 1 Data ready 1 Overrun error 1 Parity error 1 Framing error Break detect Trans holding register empty Trans shift register empty 1 1 1 1 Time out error The following describes the serial
89. ons Item Specific Help Boot sequence Disabled Order in which the SETUP prompt Enabled system searches for a POST Errors Enabled boot disk Floppy check Enabled Summary screen Enabled F1 Help 1 Select Item Change Values F9 Setup Defaults ESC Exit Select Menu Enter Select Sub Menu F10 Save and Exit Use the legend keys to make your selections and exit to the Main Menu Use the following chart to select your boot options Boot sequence Setup prompt Enabled Disabled POST errors Enabled Disabled Floppy seek Enabled Disabled Summary screen Enabled Displays system summary Disabled screen during boot up Phoenix Technologies Ltd The BIOS attempts to load the operating system from the disk drives in the sequence selected here See also the Boot Menu on p 11 Displays Press lt F2 gt for Setup during boot up At boot error pauses and displays Press lt F1 gt to resume lt F2 gt to Setup Seeks diskette drives during boot up Disabling speeds boot time Page 9 The Setup Guide PhoenixBIOS 4 0 User s Manual Keyboard Features Selecting Numlock on the Main Menu displays the Keyboard Features menu PhoenixBIOS Setup Utility Main Keyboard Features Item Specific Help Numlock Off Selects power on state Key Click Disabled for Numlock key Keyboard auto repeat rate 30 sec Keyboard auto repeat delay 1 2 sec F1 Help 1 Select Item Change
90. ores CPU data in buffers Enabled before writing to DRAM Snoop Ahead Disabled Improves PCI bus master access Enabled to DRAM PCI Memory Burst Cycles Disabled Enables PCI memory burst write Enabled cycles NOTE The contents of this menu depend on the chipset installed on your motherboard and chipsets vary widely Consult your dealer or the computer manual before changing the items on this menu Incorrect settings can cause your system to malfunction Page 14 Phoenix Technologies Ltd PhoenixBIlOS 4 0 User s Manual The Setup Guide PCI Devices Menu If the system has a PCI bus selecting PCI Devices from menu bar on the Advanced menu displays a menu like this PhoenixBIOS Setup Utility Advanced PCI Devices Item Specific Help PCI Device Slot 1 Initialize device Option ROM Scan Enabled expansion ROM Enable Master Disabled Latency Timer 0040h PCI Device Slot 2 Option ROM Scan Disabled Enable Master Disabled Latency Timer 0000 PCI Device Slot 3 Option ROM Scan Disabled Enable Master Disabled Latency Timer 0000 Shared PCI IRQs Auto F1 Help Select Item Change Values F9 Setup Defaults ESC Exit Select Menu Enter Select gt Sub Menu F10 Save and Exit PCI Devices are devices equipped for operation with a PCI Peripheral Component Interconnect bus a standardized Plug and Play hardware communication system that connects the CPU with other devices Use this men
91. rately with the User type selected You can find the correct parameters for hard disk drives in the drive manual or written on the casing of the drive itself Note Exiting this menu keeps your selections but loses internal autotyping information which may not be selected If you exit this menu and re enter it press lt Enter gt on Autotype again to restore the Autotype information Note Do not attempt to change these settings unless you have an older drive that does not support autotyping Note Before changing the contents of this menu write them down Once you have established correct parameters for your drive write them down and store them in a safe place e g tape them to the disk drive for use in case these values are lost in CMOS or if autotyping fails If these hard disk parameters are not correctly entered in CMOS you cannot access the data on your drive WARNING Incorrect settings can cause your system to malfunction To correct mistakes return to Setup and restore the Setup Defaults with lt F9 gt and re enter the correct drive parameters Page 6 Phoenix Technologies Ltd PhoenixBlOS 4 0 User s Manual The Setup Guide Memory Cache Enabling cache saves time for the CPU by holding data most recently accessed in regular memory dynamic RAM or DRAM in a special storage area of static RAM SRAM which is faster Before accessing regular memory the CPU first accesses the cache If it does not find the data it is
92. rdware interrupt vectors ph initialize intelligent System Monitoring Ek initialize coprocessor present eon Disable onboard Super VO ports and IROS em Tae POST device initialization em Detect and install extemal RS232 pors esn Configure non MCD IDE controllers em Detect and install external parallel pors ssn Initialize PC compatible PnP ISA devices em Re intialize onboard VO pors 87h Configure Motherboard Configurable Devices optional 88h Initialize BIOS Data Area 89h Enable Non Maskable Interrupts NMIs 8Ah Initialize Extended BIOS Data Area 8Bh Test and initialize PS 2 mouse 8Cch Initialize floppy controller 8Fh Determine number of ATA drives optional 90h Initialize hard disk controllers 9h Initialize local bus hard disk controllers om _ Jump to Usera 9h Build MPTABLE for multi processor boards 95h Install CD ROM for boot 9h Clear huge ES segment register Page 36 Phoenix Technologies Ltd PhoenixBIOS 4 0 User s Manual 97h Phoenix Technologies Ltd Programmer s Guide POST Routine Description Fix up Multi Processor table Search for option ROMs One long two short beeps on checksum failure Check for SMART Drive optional Shadow option ROMs Set up Power Management Initialize security engine optional Enable hardware interrupts Determine number of ATA and SCSI drives Set time
93. rn shift flag status Current shift status Set typematic rate and delay 05 sub function number OOH through 1FH typematic rate 30 chars sec to 2 char sec Delay rate 00h 250 ms Olh 500 ms 02h 750 ms 03h 1000 ms 04h to 07h Reserved AH 05h_ Add key to Keyboard buffer Entry CL ASCII code CH Scan code Exit If Carry 1 AL Keyboard buffer full AH 10h Read extended character from buffer Exit AL ASCII keystroke pressed AH Scan code of key Continued Phoenix Technologies Ltd Page 63 The Technical Reference PhoenixBIOS 4 0 User s Manual Interrupt 16h Keyboard Services Continued AH 11h Return extended buffer status Exit AL ASCII keystroke pressed AH Scan code of key ZF No keystroke available NZ Keystroke in buffer AH 12h Return extended shift status Exit AL Shift status Bit 7 1 Sys Req pressed Bit 6 1 Caps Lock active Bit 5 1 Num Lock active Bit 4 1 Scroll Lock active Bit 3 1 Right Alt active Bit 2 1 Right Ctrl active Bit 1 1 Left Alt active Bit 0 1 Left Ctrl active Extended shift status Bit 7 1 Insert active Bit 6 1 Caps Lock active Bit 5 1 Num Lock active Bit 4 1 Scroll Lock active Bit 3 1 Alt pressed Bit 2 1 Ctrl pressed Bit 1 1 Left Shift pressed Bit 0 1 Right Shift pressed Interrupt 17h Parallel Printer Services The INT 17 software interrupt supports up to 4 parallel adapters The BIOS stores the standard base addr
94. roseconds before post high byte DX Microseconds before post low byte 83h A value written to CMOS register B 00h Function busy 01 Cancel set interval 83 00 Joystick support 00 Read switch settings Exit AL Switch settings 01 Return resistive inputs Exit AX Input bit 0 Joystick A x coordinate BX Input bit 1 Joystick A y coordinate CX Input bit 2 Joystick B x coordinate DX Input bit 3 Joystick B y coordinate AH 85h System request key pressed Entry AL 00 System request key pressed AL 01 System request key released AH 86h Wait Entry CX Number of microseconds to wait high byte DX Number of microseconds to wait low byte Continued Page 54 Phoenix Technologies Ltd PhoenixBIOS 4 0 User s Manual The Technical Reference Interrupt 15h System Services Continued AH 87h Extended memory move block Number of words to move Pointer to Global Descriptor Byte 0 1 Bits 0 15 of Segment Limit Byte 2 3 Bits 0 15 of Base Address Byte4 Bits 16 23 of Base Address Byte 5 Access Rights Byte 6 Bits 7 4 more Access Rights Bits 3 0 upper 4 bits of Segment Limit Byte 7 Bits 24 31 of Base Address See Intel programmer s reference AH 88h Extended memory size Exit Amount of Extended memory less 1 kB up to 64 MB in 1 kB blocks FFFCh implies 64 MB or greater Use INT 15 Big Memory Services for further information Enter protected mode Pointer to Global Descriptor See service 87 Offse
95. s DL Drive number 0 1 DH Head number 0 1 CH Track number 0 79 Number of sectors 1 15 Number of sectors formatted Read drive parameters Drive number Pointer to parameter table Maximum head number Number of diskette drives present Maximum track number Drive capacity Bits 0 5 Maximum sector number Bits 6 7 Maximum track number Diskette drive type from CMOS Bits 0 3 00 CMOS not present or invalid 01 360 kB 02 1 2 MB 03 720 kB 04 1 44 MB 06 2 88 MB Bits 4 7 0 Read drive type Drive number 00 Drive not present 01 Drive cannot detect media change 02 Drive can detect media change 03 Fixed disk Detect media change Drive Number 0 1 If Carry 0 00 Disk change not active 01 Invalid drive number 06 Either disk change line active or change line not supported 80h Drive not ready or no drive present timeout Set diskette type Format 00 Invalid Request 01 360kB floppy in 360kB drive 02 360kB floppy in 1 2MB drive 03 1 2MB floppy in 1 2MB drive 04 720kB floppy in 720kB 1 44MB not supported DL Drive Number 0 1 AH 18h Set media type for format Entry CH Maximum track number CL Diskette parameters Bits 0 5 Maximum sector number Bits 6 7 Maximum track number DL Drive Number 0 1 Exit ES DI Pointer to parameter table Continued Phoenix Technologies Ltd Page 45 The Technical Reference PhoenixBIOS 4 0 User s Manual Interrupt 13h Di
96. s Heads and Sectors can be edited Landing Zone 762 directly Write Precomp None Auto attempts to automatically detect the Multi Sector Transfer 16 Sectors drive type for drives LBA Mode Control Enabled that comply with ANSI 32 bit 1 0 Enabled specifications Transfer Mode Fast PIO 4 SMART Monitoring Enabled F1 Help 1 Select Item Change Values F9 Setup Defaults ESC Exit Select Menu Enter Select gt Sub Menu F10 Save and Exit Use the legend keys listed on the bottom to make your selections and exit to the Main Menu Use the following chart to configure the hard disk None None Autotyping is not able to supply the drive type or 1 to 39 end user has selected None disabling any drive that may User be installed Auto User You supply the hard disk drive information in the IDE Removable following fields CD ROM Auto Autotyping the drive itself supplies the correct ATAPI Removable drive information IDE Removable Removable read and write media e g IDE Zip drive CD ROM Readable CD ROM drive ATAPI Removable Read and writea media e g LS120 USB Floppy USB Zip Cylinders 1 to 65 536 Number of cylinders Number of read write heads Sectors Track Number of sectors per track Landing Zone 1 to 2048 Number of the cylinder specified as the landing zone for the read write heads Phoenix Technologies Ltd Page 5 The Setup Guide PhoenixBIOS 4 0 User s Manual Write Precomp
97. s CRT off in Standby 20 sec 30 sec 45 sec 1 min to 15 min Resume On Modem Ring Off Wakes up system when an On incoming call is detected on the modem On time IRQO IRQ15 Disabled Enabling interrupt causes it to SMI Enabled restore Full On during Standby or NMI Suspend SMI System Management Interrupt NMI Non Maskable Interrupt Page 20 Phoenix Technologies Ltd PhoenixBIOS 4 0 User s Manual The Setup Guide The Exit Menu Selecting Exit from the menu bar displays this menu PhoenixBIOS Setup Utility Main Advanced Security Power Boot Exit Item Specific Help Exit Saving Changes Exit System Setup and Exit Discarding Changes save your changes to Load Setup Defaults CMOS Discard Changes Save Changes F1 Help Select Item Change Values F9 Setup Defaults ESC Exit Select Menu Enter Select gt Sub Menu F10 Save and Exit The following sections describe each of the options on this menu Note that lt Esc gt does not exit this menu You must select one of the items from the menu or menu bar to exit Saving Values After making your selections on the Setup menus always select either Saving Values or Save Changes Both procedures store the selections displayed in the menus in CMOS short for battery backed CMOS RAM a special section of memory that stays on after you turn your system off The next time you boot your computer the BIOS configures your system acc selectio
98. s lock pressed 7 Insert mode pressed 19 1 Keypad input byte 1A 2 Key buffer head IC 2 Key buffer tail 1E 20 Key buffer Continued Phoenix Technologies Ltd Page 77 The Technical Reference Page 78 PhoenixBIOS 4 0 User s Manual BIOS Data Area Continued Diskette Data Area 3E 1 Seek recalibrate status 3F 1 Drive motor status 40 1 Motor on time 41 1 Diskette status Bit Definition 1 Drive not ready 1 Seek error occurred 1 Diskette controller failed Error codes O1h Illegal function request 02h Address mark not found 03h Write protected error 04h Sector not found 06h Diskette change line active 08h DMA overrun on operation 09h Data boundary error 64k OCh Media type not found 10h Uncorrectable ECC or CRC error 20h General controller failure 40h Seek operation failed 80h Device did not respond 42 7 Controller status Video Data Area Offset Size Description Video mode Video columns Video length Video start Cursor locations Cursor size Active page 6845 address Mode register value Video palette Extended Work Area 67 4 ROM check address 6B 1 CPU rate control Timer Data Area 6C 2 Timer count low word 6E 2 Timer count high word 70 1 Timer overflow byte System Data Area 71 1 Break pressed flag 72 2 Soft reset flag Fixed Disk Data Area 74 1 Fdisk status 75 1 Number of fixed disks 76 1 Fixed disk control 77 1 Reserved Serial and Parallel Timeout Cou
99. signed char FAR dmiWorkBuffer unsigned char Control unsigned short dmiSelector unsigned short BiosSelector 55h Get General Purpose NonVolatile Information Entry short FAR entryPoint short Function unsigned short FAR Handle unsigned short FAR MinGPNVRWSize unsigned short FAR GPNVSize unsigned long FAR NVStorageBase unsigned short BiosSelector 56h Read General Purpose NonVolatile Data Entry short FAR entryPoint short Function unsigned short Handle unsigned char FAR GPNVBuffer short FAR GPNVLock unsigned short GPNVSelector unsigned short BiosSelector 57h Write General Purpose NonVolatile Data Entry short FAR entryPoint short Function unsigned short Handle unsigned char FAR GPNVBuffer short GPNVLock unsigned short GPNVSelector unsigned short BiosSelector Phoenix Technologies Ltd Page 75 The Technical Reference PhoenixBIOS 4 0 User s Manual MultiBoot Ill Run Time Services An OS or application program can access the features of PhoenixBIOS MultiBoot II during run time by using the following MultiBoot III Run Time Services You can use these services to query the number and type of Initial Program Load IPL devices in the system or display an IPL device menu for specifying the boot priority on the next system restart MultiBoot II Run Time Services are extensions to the Plug and Play run time functions that implement the BJOS Boot Specification Ver 1 01 You can
100. sis Recovery Diskette To install Phoenix Phlash on your hard disk follow this simple procedure 1 Insert the distribution diskette into drive A 2 Unzip the contents of CRISDISK ZIP into a local directory presumably C PHLASH 3 Store the distribution diskette in a safe place Create the Crisis Recovery Diskette Phoenix Technologies Ltd If the OEM or dealer from whom you purchased your system has not provided you with one then you should create a Crisis Recovery Diskette before you use the Phlash utility If you are unable to boot your system and successfully load the Operating System the BIOS may have been corrupted in which case you will have to use the Crisis Recovery Diskette to reboot your system There are several methods that you can use to create the Crisis Recovery Diskette Below is one recommended procedure 1 Be sure you have successfully installed the Phlash Utility onto your hard disk Insert a clean diskette into drive A or B From the local directory enter the following CRISDISK drive where drive is the letter of the drive into which you inserted the diskette For help type or h CRISDISK BAT formats the diskette then copies MINIDOS SYS VGABIOS EXE if available PHLASH EXE PLATFORM BIN and BIOS ROM to the diskette and creates the required custom boot sector Page 28 PhoenixBIOS 4 0 User s Manual Boot Utilities 4 Write protect and label the Crisis Recovery Diskette
101. skette Services Continued AH 20h Get media type Entry DL Drive number 0 1 Exit AL Type of media installed 00h 720 kB diskette Olh 1 44 MB diskette 02h 2 88 MB diskette 03h 1 MB diskette 04h 2 MB diskette 06h 4 MB diskette Interrupt 13h Fixed Disk Services Interrupt 13h accesses these Services e Standard Fixed Disk Services OOh 15h e Enhanced Disk Drive Services 41h 48h e Bootable CD ROM Services 4Ah 4Dh The following box lists the error codes Int 13h Fixed Disk Exit Codes 00h No error If Carry 1 01 Bad command or parameter 02h Address mark not found 04h Sector not found 05h Reset failed 07h Drive parameter activity failed OAh Bad sector flag detected 10h ECC data error 11h ECC data corrected 20h Controller failure 40h Seek failed 80h Time out occurred AAh Drive not ready BBh Undocumented controller error CCh Controller write fault EOh Unrecognized controller error The following describes the Standard Fixed Disk services of PhoenixBIOS 4 0 Interrupt 13 Standard Fixed Disk Services Reset diskette and fixed disk systems Read disk status Drive number 80h 8 1h 001h Bad command 002h Bad address mark 004h Record not found 005h Controller reset error 007h Drive initialization error OOAh Bad sector 010h ECC data error 020h Controller failed 040h Seek error OAAh Drive not ready OBBh Invalid controller error 0CCh
102. st be 0 Sector count for multi sectored transfers Bits 0 3 Bits 4 7 DMA channel DMA type PIO type Reserved must be 0 Bits 0 3 Bits 1 7 Description Bit 0 Bit 1 Bit 2 1 Fast PIO access enabled 1 1 Bit 3 1 1 1 1 DMA access enabled Block PIO access enabled CHS translation enabled LBA translation enabled Removable media CD ROM Bit 7 1 32 bit transfer mode Bit 8 1 ATAPI Device uses Interrupt DRQ Bits 9 10 CHS Translation Type Bits 11 15 Reserved must be 0 Reserved must be 0 Extension Revision number Checksum 2s complement of the sum of bytes 0 14 Bit 4 Bit 5 Bit 6 Interrupt 13h Bootable CD ROM Services Bootable CD ROM Services 4Ah 4Ch use a pointer to the Specification Packet described here Offset Type Oh Byte lh Byte Continued Bootable CD ROM Specification Packet Description Packet size currently 13h Boot media type Bits 0 3 00h No emulation Oth 1 2 MB diskette 02h 1 44 MB diskette 03h 2 88 MB diskette 04h Hard disk drive C Bits O5h O7h Reserved Bit 6 01h System has ATAPI driver with 8 amp 9 below describing IDE interface Bit 7 01h System has SCSI drivers with 8 amp 9 below describing SCSI interface Drive number 00h Floppy image 80 Bootable hard disk 81h FFh Non bootable or No emulation Page 50 Phoenix Technologies Ltd PhoenixBIOS 4 0 User s Manual The Technical Reference Interrupt 13
103. t Plug and Play they may require manually setting them in Setup On some systems the chipset manages the communication devices Other systems have instead a separate I O chip on the motherboard for configuring and managing these devices Many systems allow you to control the configuration settings for the I O ports Select I O Device Configuration on the Advanced Menu to display this menu and specify how you want to configure these I O Devices PhoenixBIOS Setup Utility Advanced I O Device Configuration Item Specific Help Serial Port A Enabled Enable support for Base I O address IRQ 3F8 IRO4 Legacy Universal Serial Serial Port B OS Controlled Bus Parallel Port User Mode Bi directional Base I O address 378 Interrupt IRQ5 Diskette Controller Enabled Base I O address Primary Legacy USB Support Enabled Fl Help TSelect Item Change Values F9 Setup Defaults ESC Exit Select Menu Enter Select Sub Menu F10 Save and Exit Use the legend keys to make your selections and exit to the Main Menu Use the following chart to configure the Input Output settings Serial port A Disabled Disabled turns off the port Serial port B Enabled Enabled requires you to enter the base Input Output address Auto and the Interrupt number on the next line OS Controlled Auto makes the BIOS configure the port automatically during POST OS Controlled lets the PnP Operating System such as Windows 95 configure
104. t in IDT for IRQ 00 07 Offset in IDT for IRQ 08 0F Device busy Type code 00h Fixed disk May time out Olh Diskette May time out 02h Keyboard No time out 03h Pointing device May time out 80h Network No time out FCh Fixed disk reset May time out FDh Diskette drive motor start May time out FEh Printer May time out ES BX Points to request block if AL 80h FFh Exit Carry 0 No wait performed Driver must perform own wait 1 Wait performed I O complete or time out AH 91th Interrupt complete Entry AL Type code See service 90h AH COh Return system parameters Exit ES BX Pointer to System Configuration Bytes 1 2 Length of table in bytes 8 Byte 3 Model FCh AT Byte 4 Sub model 01h AT Byte 5 BIOS revision level 0 Byte 6 Feature information Bit 0 0 Reserved Bit 1 0 ISA type I O channel Bit 2 0 EDBA not allocated Bit 3 0 Wait for external event supported Bit 4 1 Keyboard intercept INT 154F called by INT 09h Bit 5 1 Real time clock present Bit 6 1 Second PIC present Bit 7 0 Fixed disk BIOS does not use DMA channel 3 Byte 7 Reserved Byte 8 Reserved AH Cih Return Extended BIOS Data Area Address Exit ES Extended BIOS Data Area Segment Address If Carry 1 AH 86 Invalid BIOS routine call No EBDA Phoenix Technologies Ltd Page 55 The Technical Reference PhoenixBIOS 4 0 User s Manual Interrupt 15h APM Services The INT 15 software interrupt op
105. tionally handles the calls supporting APM Advanced Power Management The following are the APM exit status codes AH AH APM Service Exit Status Codes 00h No error If Carry 1 O1h Power Management disabled 02h Real Mode interface already connected 03h Interface not connected 05h 16 bit protected mode interface already connected 06h 16 bit protected mode interface not supported 07h 32 bit protected mode interface already connected 08h 32 bit protected mode interface not supported 09h Unrecognized Device ID OAh Parameter value out of range OBh Interface not engaged 60h Unable to enter requested state 80h No PM events pending 86h No APM present The following are the Interrupt 15 APM Services of PhoenixBIOS 4 0 Interrupt 15h APM Services AH 53h APM 1 0 and APM 1 1 BIOS Services AL 00h Installation Check Entry BX Exit AH AL BH BL CX 0000h Power Device ID APM BIOS All other values reserved APM major revision in BCD APM minor revision in BCD ASCII P ASCII M APM information Bit 0 1 16 bit Prot Mode supported Bit 1 1 32 Bit Prot Mode supported Bit 2 1 CPU IDLE slows down CPU Requires APM CPU Busy service 1 BIOS Power Management is disabled 1 APM disengaged speed Bit 3 Bit 4 AL O0Ih Interface Connect Entry BX 0000h Power Device ID APM BIOS All other values reserved AL 02h Protected mode 16 bit interface connect E
106. to resume the boot or lt F2 gt to run Setup with the ROM default values already loaded into the menus You can make other changes before saving the values to CMOS Discard Changes If during a Setup Session you change your mind about changes you have made and have not yet saved the values to CMOS you can restore the values you previously saved to CMOS Selecting Discard Changes on the Exit menu updates all the selections and displays this message CMOS values have been loaded Press lt space gt to continue Save Changes Selecting Save Changes saves all the selections without exiting Setup You can return to the other menus if you want to review and change your selections Page 22 Phoenix Technologies Ltd PhoenixBlOS 4 0 User s Manual The Setup Guide PhoenixBIOS Messages The following is a list of the messages that the BIOS can display Most of them occur during POST Some of them display information about a hardware device e g the amount of memory installed Others may indicate a problem with a device such as the way it has been configured Following the list are explanations of the messages and remedies for reported problems If your system displays one of the messages marked below with an asterisk write down the message and contact your dealer If your system fails after you make changes in the Setup menus reset the computer enter Setup and install Setup defaults or correct the error 0200
107. u to configure the PCI devices installed on your system Use the legend keys to make your selections and exit to the Advanced menu Use the following chart in configuring the PCI devices PCI Device Slots Tn Ro ee Option ROM Scan Disabled Initialize device expansion ROM Enabled Enable Master Disabled Enables selected device as a PCI bus Enabled master Not every device can function as a master Check your device documentation Bus master clock rate A high priority high throughput device may benefit Latency Timer 0000h to 0280h Shared PCI IRQs Share One IRQ Share Two IRQs Share Three IRQs from a greater value Share n IRQs Forces PCI devices to use at most n IRQs Auto Minimizes PCI IRQ Sharing Auto NOTE The contents of this menu depend on the devices installed on your system Incorrect settings can cause your system to malfunction To correct mistakes return to Setup and restore the System Defaults F9 Phoenix Technologies Ltd Page 15 The Setup Guide PhoenixBIOS 4 0 User s Manual VO Device Configuration Menu The CPU communicates with external devices such as printers through devices called Input Output I O ports such as serial and parallel ports These I O devices require the use of system resources such as I O addresses and interrupt lines If these devices are Plug and Play either the BIOS can allocate the devices during POST or the operating system can do it If the I O devices are no
108. upt BIOS User System Timer Interrupt BIOS Video Init Parameters BIOS Diskette Parameters BIOS Video Graphic Characters BIOS Diskette when fixed disk present BIOS Fixed disk 0 parameters BIOS Fixed disk 1 parameters IRQ8 Real time clock interrupt IRO9 IRQ redirection IRQ1O Reserved IRQI1 Reserved IRQ12 Available PS 2 Mouse IRQ13 Math coprocessor IRQ14 Primary IDE HDD IRQ15 Available Secondary IDE HDD Status Not Supported Not Supported Supported Not Supported Not Supported Supported Supported Not Supported Supported Supported Not Supported Supported Supported Supported Supported Supported Supported Supported Supported Supported Supported Supported Supported Supported Supported Supported Supported Supported Supported Supported Supported Supported Supported Supported Supported Supported Supported Not Supported Not Supported Supported Supported Supported Supported Phoenix Technologies Ltd Index lt Esc gt 26 lt F1 gt 25 lt F2 gt 25 26 lt F2 gt function key 34 lt F3 gt 25 16 bit interface connect 56 32 Bit I O 6 32 bit interface connect 57 active page 41 adapter disk 5 adapter ROM 32 33 Advanced Chipset Control 13 Advanced Power Management See APM alarm 68 ALE 13 APM 53 BIOS services 56 58 CPU busy 57 CPU Idle 57 driver version 58 enable disable power management 58 Enable disable power management 57 engage disengage power management
109. ur computer When you turn on your computer the ROM BIOS initializes and tests these devices During run time the ROM BIOS provides the Operating System and application programs with access to these devices You can also use the BIOS Setup program to change your computer s hardware or behavior Software works best when it operates in layers and the ROM BIOS is the bottom most software layer in the computer It functions as the interface between the hardware and the other layers of software isolating them from the details of how the hardware works This arrangement enables you to change hardware devices without having to install a new operating system The following diagram shows the function of the ROM BIOS as the interface between the hardware and other layers of software Application Programs Operating System and Device Drivers ROM BIOS System Hardware N Phoenix Technologies Ltd Page 31 Programmer s Guide PhoenixBIOS 4 0 User s Manual ROM BIOS Functions The PhoenixBIOS software performs these functions The Setup Program Using the Setup program you can install configure and optimize the hardware devices on your system clock memory disk drives etc Initialize Hardware at Boot At power on or reset perform Power On Self Test POST routines to test system resources and run the operating system Run Time Routines Basic hardware routines that can be called from DOS and Windows
110. uter manufacturer instead of the text based POST screen which displays a number of PC diagnostic messages To exit the QuietBoot screen and run Setup display the MultiBoot menu or simply display the PC diagnostic messages you can simply press one of the hot keys described below The QuietBoot Screen stays up until just before the operating system loads unless 1 You press lt Esc gt to display the POST screen 2 You press lt F2 gt to enter Setup 3 POST issues an error message 4 The BIOS or an option ROM requests keyboard input The following explains each of these situations Press lt ESC gt Pressing lt Esc gt switches to the POST screen and takes one of two actions 1 If MultiBoot is installed the boot process continues with the text based POST screen until the end of POST and then displays the Boot First Menu with these options a Load the operating system from a boot device of your choice b Enter Setup c Exit the Boot First Menu with lt Esc gt and load the operating system from the boot devices in the order specified in Setup 2 If MultiBoot is not installed the boot process continues as usual Press lt F2 gt Pressing lt F2 gt at any time during POST switches to the POST screen if not already displayed and enters Setup POST Error Whenever POST detects a non fatal error QuietBoot switches to the POST screen and displays the errors It then displays this message Phoenix T
111. ves 00 1 drive 01 2 drives 10 3 drives 11 4 drives 8 Not used 9 11 Number of serial adapters 12 Game Adapter installed 13 Not used 14 15 Number of parallel adapters Interrupt 12h Return Memory Size Returns up to 640 kB of the amount of system memory determined by early POST diagnostics Interrupt 12 Return System Memory Size Exit AX Number of 1 kilobyte memory blocks Interrupt 13h Diskette Services Interrupt 13 is the BIOS software interface for access to the 5 14 and 3 2 inch diskette drives When there is a fixed disk in the system the BIOS assigns Interrupt 13h to the fixed disk and routes diskette calls to Interrupt 40h The following table lists the AH error codes Int 13 Diskette Exit Status Codes 00h No error If Carry 1 Oth Illegal BIOS command 02h Bad address mark 03h Write protect occurred 04h Sector not found 06h Media changed 09h DMA crossed 64K boundary 08h DMA failed OCh Media not found 10h CRC failed 20h NEC failed 30h Drive does not support media sense 31h No media in drive 32h Drive does not support media type 40h Seek failed 80h Time out occurred The following table contains the combinations of drive types and media types supported by the INT 13 services 02h to 05h Phoenix Technologies Ltd Page 43 The Technical Reference Page 44 PhoenixBIOS 4 0 User s Manual Diskette Types Drive Sec Trk Tracks 360 kB 8 9 40 1 2 MB 8 9 40
112. x like this Set Password Enter new password Confirm new password Enter Accept Type the password and press lt Enter gt Repeat Note In some systems the User and Supervisor passwords are related you cannot have a User password without first creating a Supervisor password In other systems you can create and use them independently Use the following chart to configure the system security and anti virus options Set User Password Set Supervisor Password Password on boot Diskette access Fixed disk boot sector System backup reminder Virus check reminder Pressing lt Enter gt displays the dialog box for entering the user password In related systems this password gives restricted access to SETUP menus Pressing lt Enter gt displays dialog box for entering the supervisor password In related systems this password gives full access to Setup menus Enabled requires a password on boot Requires prior setting of the Supervisor password If supervisor password is set and this option disabled BIOS assumes user is booting Up to seven alphanumeric characters Up to seven alphanumeric characters Enabled Disabled Enabled Enabled requires a password to boot from or access Disabled the floppy disk Write protects the boot sector on the hard disk for virus protection Requires a password to format or Fdisk the hard disk Displays a message during boot up asking Y N if you have
113. y DL AH 10h Entry DL AH 11h Entry DL AH 14h Entry DL AH 15h Entry DL Exit AH Drive number 80H 81H Head number Cylinder number Cylinder high Alternate disk reset Drive number 80H 81H Test drive ready Drive number 80H 81H Recalibrate drive Drive number 80H 81H Controller diagnostic Drive number 80H 81H Read drive type Drive number 80H 81H 00 Drive not present 01 Drive cannot detect media change 02 Drive can detect media change 03 Fixed disk High word of number of 512 byte blocks Low word of number of 512 byte blocks Page 48 Phoenix Technologies Ltd PhoenixBIOS 4 0 User s Manual The Technical Reference Interrupt 13h Extended Fixed Disk Services The following describes the Interrupt 13h Extended Fixed Disk Services including the PhoenixBIOS Enhanced Disk Drive EDD services Int 13h Extended Fixed Disk Services Check Extensions Present 55AAh Drive Number Major version number 20h Internal use only 55AAh Extensions present Feature support map Bit 0 1 Extended disk access Bit 1 1 Removable drive control Bit 2 1 Enhanced Disk Drive Extensions Bits 3 7 Reserved must be 0 Extended Read Drive Number Disk address packet Extended Write Verify Bits Bit 0 0 Write with verify off 1 Write with verify on Bits 1 7 Reserved set to 0 Drive number Disk address packet Verify Sectors Drive number Disk
114. y int FAR entryPoint Function Message BiosSelector int Function unsigned int FAR Message unsigned int BiosSelector 04h Send Message Entry int FAR entryPoint Function Message BiosSelector int Function unsigned int Message unsigned int BiosSelector 05h Get Docking Station Information Entry int FAR entryPoint Function DockingStationInfo BiosSelector int Function unsigned char FAR DockingStationInfo unsigned int BiosSelector Exit Docking station info buffer Offset 00h Docking station location identifier Offset 04h Serial Number Offset 08h Docking Capabilities Bits 2 1 00 Cold Docking 01 Warm Docking 10 Hot Docking Bit 0 0 Surprise style docking 1 VCR style docking 09h Set Statically Allocated Resources Entry int FAR entryPoint Function Resource Block BiosSelector int Function unsigned char FAR ResourceBlock unsigned int BiosSelector Continued Page 72 Phoenix Technologies Ltd PhoenixBIOS 4 0 User s Manual The Technical Reference PnP Run Time Services Continued OAh Get Statically Allocated Resources Entry int FAR entryPoint Function Resource Block BiosSelector int Function unsigned char FAR ResourceBlock unsigned int BiosSelector OBh Get APM ID Table For APM 1 1 only Entry int FAR entryPoint Function BufSize APMIdTAble BiosSelector int Function unsigned int FAR BufSize unsigned char FAR APMIdTable unsigned int BiosSele

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