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Vol 5 No 11

1. OHIO SCIENTIFIC VAR WITH POINT OF SALE SOFTWARE COMPLETELY INTEGRATED SOFTWARE INCLUDES e POS INTERACTIVE WITH INVENTORY A R amp GENERAL LEDGER e CASH TICKETS OR COMPLETE INVOICES e HANDLES CASH CHARGES LAY AWAYS SPECIAL ORDERS amp TRADE INS e PRICE LOOKUP SALES ANALYSIS PASSWORD PROTECTED e COMPATIBLE WITH BAR CODE WAND Now You Can SELL TO THE NO 1 VERTICAL MARKET RETAIL BUSINESS Literally thousands of retail stores need inventory control with complete integrated accounting Checkpoint Of Sale allows you to sell to the following retail stores HARDWARE SPORTING GOODS AUTO PARTS SHOE HOBBY AND TOY FURNITURE CLOTHING and GIFT SHOPS All these applications from the same software package UNDERSELL COMPETITION BY THOUSANDS OF DOLLARS Sell complete turnkey multi terminal systems including hardware and software for under 15 000 and make over 50 profit Try that on an IBM or compatible DEC TRIAD or DATA GENERAL DELIVER PROVEN TIME TESTED SOFTWARE FULLY SUPPORTED Your customer will be buying software that has been installed and running for 4 years not just promises PROFIT BY SELLING THE SAME SYSTEM OVER AND OVER CHECKPOINT OF SALE is not customized it s standard However if you choose to customize the code s open PURCHASE UNLIMITED LICENSE FOR 6995 License the software to as many end users as you have time to sell FOR INFORMATION ON DISTRIBUTORSHIPS AND TERRITORIAL EXC
2. sor are stored in memory beginning at addresses 23734 and 23741 respectively The system manuals for releases 1 3 and 1 4 of OS65U and the GETCRT program contain model subroutines which can be used to retrieve the CRT control codes from the operating sys tem The following code can be added to the subroutines to retrieve the control codes from forward space and back ward space cursor line num bers follow the sequence in the reference manual 63940 Z 23734 FS _ REM forward space cursor 63941 Z1 PEEK Z 2 2Z 1 63942 IF 21 lt gt 0 THEN FSS FSS CHRS Z1 GOTO 63941 63943 2 23741 BS _ REM backward space cursor 63944 Z1 PEEK Z 2 Z 1 63945 IF Z1 lt gt 0 THEN BSS BS CHR Z1 GOTO 63944 I have some systems in which global variables are defined in the menu programs Global variables are common to ail or most of the programs in the system These variables are passed from the menus to FILE TRANSFER 8 OS65u FLOPPY TO 9 TRACK IBM COMPATIBLE TAPE 1600 OR 6250 BPI M Bookkeeping Svc 213 598 8526 ETA GS LABELED DATA FIELDS CALL with REF VALUE LINK by NAME ADDRESS CONCURRENT USER ENTRY MIXED PRECISION ARITH 14 BYTE PRECISION USER DEFINED FUNCTIONS VIDEO WINDOW GENERATOR BYTE CODE COMPILATION PRINTER GRAPHICS H G aenaeeeecaes ees eneaeaeananece se MICROGRAM SYSTEMS P O Box 252 La Honda CA 94020 Tel 415 747 2811 21 the other programs by means of the
3. the examples amples of error recovery tines in this paper do not show messages displayed in special screen areas rou It goes without saying that an error recovery routine will be only as good as the data it has to work with In many cases it is not sufficient to merely know the type of error encountered It may be neces sary to know in what portion error oc curred what variables or array elements are involved how many times the error has previously occurred during this execution of the program etc These kinds of data could dictate the error recov ery routine s course of action For example to access a par ticular disk file the opera tor must enter the password of the file which is used in the OPEN command refer to Figure 2 I the correct password is entered the file is OPENed and processing begins If the password is incorrect a file error 131 executability vio lation occurs when the OPEN command is issued and the er ror recovery routine is invok ed We will assume that the Operator has three chances to supply the correct password incor error operator rect entry is made the routine informs the of the mistake it then pro ceeds to the routine for entering the password On the third occurrence of the error the error routine terminates the program Although we would more than likely handle data security and file access in a better manner the above example ser illustra
4. 5 95 Basic Reference Manual ROM 65D and 65U 5 95 C1P C4P C8P Users Manuals 7 95 each please specify 7 95 How to program Microcomputers The C 3 Series z 7 95 __ Professional Computers Set Up amp Operations Manual C2 OEM C2 D C3 OEM C3 D C3 A C3 B 8 95 C3 C C3 C TOTAL Cash enclosed Master Charge VISA i Account No sss Eipiration Date 00 00 _ MD Residents add 5 Tax Signature C O D orders add 1 65 Name naa r k eae Postage amp Handling Street ca ee SC ETAL DWE city a State W W S Zip 24 3 50 _ BULK RATE U S POSTAGE PAID Owings Mills MD PERMIT NO 18 POSTAGE MAY VARY FOR OVERSEAS
5. Seller SAME DUMP MEMORY HEXADECIMAL TO HEX HEX TO HEXADECIMAL OSI FLAG TABLE EMULATOR TRACER 1 2 0 81 SH O A 1 75 Author CARL EIDBO 1509 12 ST NO FARGO ND 58182 Seller EFFECTIVE PROCESSING 1589 12 ST NO FARGO ND 58182 ALLOWS TRACING OF 6502 MACHINE CODE DISPLAYS CONTENTS OF ALL REGISTERS AFTER EACH IN STRUCTION SUPPORTS NAMED SUBROUTINES AND NAMED MEMORY LOCATIONS SIMILAR IN CONCEPT TO FLAG 7 IN OSU HARD DISK BACK UP HFCOPY 1 2 8 81 SH P A 3 75 Author ELECTRONIC INFO SYSTEMS P O BOX 5893 ATHENS GA 30684 Seller SAME A SERIES OF PROGRAMS WHICH ALLOW A HARD DISK TO BE BACKED UP TO FLOPPIES BY TWO METHODS ONE ALLOWS MULTIPLE FLOPPIES TO BE USED FOR LARGE FILES THE SECOND ALLOWS MANY SMALL FILES TO BE BACKED UP ON ONE FLOPPY ALSO PERMITS RE STORING FROM FLOPPY IES TO HARD DISK TERM 65U 1 2 8 81 S P A 5 Author RICK TRETHEWEY 8 DURAN COURT PACIFICA CA 94044 Seller RAINBOW ELECTRONIC REVIEWS 8 DURAN COURT PACIFICA CA 94944 SMART TERMINAL PROG FOR ANY VERS OF 65U SIMILAR TO TERM PLUS BUT WILL DO SELECTIVE TRANSMISSIONS OF OS DMS MASTER FILE RECORDS amp XMITS WP 3 3 FILES AS FORMATTED TEXT MANY SUPPORT UTILITIES INCLUDED COMPUSERVE VIDTEXT TM COM PATIBLE TRANSFER 1 44 2 71 SH D D 8 98 Author KPS BUSINESS SYSTEMS P O BOX 719 PARKERSBURG WV 26161 Seller SAME AUTOMATIC BACKUP BETWEEN DISK TRANSFER FILE
6. ing dinner but stuffing en velopes takes 2 3 hours We are now looking for a reason ably priced presealed form to whack down the mailing time Results saving 19 12 hours per month and far more ac curacy In addition our re ceivables were reduced 38 after system went into use The next greatest joy is book keeping Manual posting and closing consumed a minimum of 88 hours per month if posting errors were few In twelve years they only balanced twice on trial closing As a practical matter we would wait until the 18th until all bills were paid to total our payable liabilities Now books can be closed immediate ly after processing the last day s business and statements which is the first day of fol lowing month Closing now takes 2 5 hours including Sales and tax reports The only manual postings are a few General Journal entries This is what we call timely manage ment information Manual ef fort was reduced by 75 hours Our big problem has been and continues to be inventory count We spent 14 years mov ing inventory around helter skelter not knowing what we had or were it was The com puter is imposing a new disci pline accuracy I would guess that we have consumed over 2000 man hours numbering counting and loading the mas ter inventory file and it still is not completely accu rate Of course the mass of data we are carrying on each item has contributed to the problem If all we wante
7. rected right away According to this retailer the point of sale computer is a complete management tool not just a method to handle cash With today s low cost micro computers more retail sporting goods dealers are able to afford owning their own system Jacobsen s opinion is that successful retail Managers in the 8 s will automate During conversation with of ficials at Sileo I learned that they have broadened their package within the last four years to extend to other types of retailers Their intention is to deliver one standard software package that is broad enough so it may be installed in a variety of different markets In addition to that they have incorporated the philosophy that a retailer may utilize many types of differ ent numbering systems all within one store and even may elect to use bar code reader wands for faster checkout cap ability After seeing the same software package installed in three other completely different types of retail stores I am confident they are achieving their many goals The author is a free lance writer and consultant for re tail business Multiple point of sale terminals can operate simultaneously with the on line computer A svontune inc bry ee Arada Piara Shaping Conier Arrade Colorado 80002 TRI HAT nav CEL WHT 8330 NUW b60 541 s 45 SPORTLINE inc 1303 421 8731 P num YOUTH FURY SHIRT Computer printed descriptive price 12576 HT o
8. should be handled rather than allowing the system to enter the immediate mode if such an entry is made Upon expira tion of the timing loop the error recovery routine is given control The error routine first determines if CONTROL C was entered during the timing loop and if so it passes control to the in terrupt routine was not entered the Printer not ready message is display ed The operator either enter a carriage return to re try the PRINT operation Or a CONTROL C to proceed to the interrupt routine the single character input routine is used to obtain the opera tor s entry modifica I have not attempted to In the print driver tion 3 describes a recov CONTROL C is into an been If CONTROL C may then the absurd shorten the amount of time consumed in the timing loop Reducing the amount of time for me anyway would increase the frequency of the not ready messages a annoying when aligning forms or making minor adjustments Possibly the time interval should be longer when aligning forms but shorter during report printing Can someone supply the modifica tion to accomplish this When you consider the variety of errors your programs can encounter and the circum stances in which the errors occur you readily develop an appreciation for the challenge presented in creating error recovery routines In many instances the logic of the error routines may be more complex t
9. the whole file has been load ed reached In line 358 variable stores the number of that have been stored in RAM computer mem ory The next free record must be number Z 1 and this ready line loaded time into It is instruc tg records created and for use in line 37 In record is one field at a array D Q C 34 INPUT Sequential File Name Y IF YS H OR yS THEN 190 350 PRINT 368 DISK OPEN 6 Y INPUT 6 X 2 Z X PRINT Loading from DISK now Y Z l IF Z gt N THEN Z Z X GOTO 380 378 FOR Q Y TO Z FOR Cel TO P INPUT 6 D Q C NEXT C Q 388 DISK CLOSE 6 GOTO 199 400 REM SAVE A FILE 410 INPUT File Name YS IF y H OR Y THEN 190 42 PRINT PRINT Saving to DISK now 438 DISK OPEN 6 Y PRINT 46 2 440 FOR Q 1 TO Z FOR Cel TO P PRINT 6 D Q C C NEXT C Q 458 DISK CLOSE 6 GOTO 196 320 REM LISTING 2 LOAD amp SAVE FOR TAPE 336 REM LOAD A FILE 34 INPUT TAPE ON Y IF YS HS OR Y THEN 199 358 PRINT PRINT Loading from TAPE now Y 2 1 LOAD 355 INPUT X IF X THEN 355 368 Z Z X REM IF Z gt N THEN Z Z2 X GOTO 386 378 FOR Q Y TO Z FOR C l TO P INPUT D Q C NEXT C Q 380 POKE 515 6 GOTO 198 400 REM SAVE A FILE 410 INPUT TAPE ON Y IF YS H OR Y THEN 196 420 PRINT PRINT Saving to TAPE now 430 SAVE FOR Q 1 TO 10 PRINT NEXT PRINT Z 448 FOR 458 POKE 517 8 GOTO 198 Q 1l TO Z FOR
10. Serial ports 2 CA10X boards for up to 16 users Centronics Parallel port available and 16 to 32 peripherals In addition we have many boards and other accessories all available at the lowest possible prices including 510 Processors 505 Processors C4 C8 amp Keyboards Numeric Keypads Memory Boards both 2mhz and 1mhz all types 540 video boards Sanyo green screen monitor 12 570 boards 555 Multi User boards D Blocks Soroc Challenger 540 terminols 60 days old Pascal Software for OSI Hayes Micro buffers serial serial to free Hayes 300 baud smartmodem in box computer while printing 64K units in box Hayes Chronograph in box Microbuffer expansion memory 64k Many software packages Wyse WY50 Terminals Televideo 925 terminals Ann Arbor Ambassador terminals Floppy controllers Power Supplies including 40 amp switching supply Centronics parallel interface boards Floppy disks 8 only all perfect condition Floppy Drives 8 SS SD slightly used or unused mixed 20 Doz 114 Cansidge Tape System We will accept any reasonable offer on the equipment listed Please call us at 313 752 9671 for additional details 154 FFBC 68 PLA 7 Unreachable 155 FFBD A8 TAY 156 FFBE 68 PLA 157 FFBF AA TAX 158 i 159 Get CHAR Routine 160 161 FFCO ADOlDF HFFCO LDA KEYBRD 7Test keyboard 162 FFC3 300D BMI HFFD2 Nothing skip 163 FFCS 48 PHA Else 8ave char 164 FFC6 A900 LDA Clear LOAD flag 165 FFC8 8D0302 STA LOADF
11. a non recoverable but bypassable error To keep the program running the error routine might log information about the error on the termi nal the printer or in a disk file alert the operator to the error and bypass the re cord assuming an input disk file containing bad data Although the possibilities of recovering from a BASIC error and resuming program execution would appear limited the er ror recovery routine can be used for such things as 1 Notifying the operator of the error and where in the program it occurred 2 Saving and or displaying vital information 3 Instructing the operator as to what steps to take in gath ering documentation for prob lem analysis Directing disk errors to the error recovery routine pro vides the programmer with a means of not only analyzing error conditions and recover ing from some of them but also preventing OS error mes sages from destroying format ted screens can identify such conditions as a disk drive not ready or the wrong disk in a drive notify the operator of the situation via a message dis played in a pre determined screen area and proceed with program execution following corrective action by the op erator In the event of a fatal error the disk error routine can do the same things as those described above for BASIC errors Note the ex of the program the The first two times an ves to _ for the The programmer
12. eee 5 123 E l RETURN REM set indicator and exit The above is by no means a complete list of considera tions for writing error recov ery routines It is intended to be a starter list AS you develop error recovery routines you will add your own items to the list Prior to release 1 43 OS 65U informed the operator that the printer was in a not ready state by issuing the message PRINTER STALLED This mes Sage appeared on the terminal screen at wherever the cursor happened to be positioned and could cause problems if for matted screens were being used A modification appli cable to releases 1 2 and 1 3 to suppress the message was published in the April 1982 issue of PEEK 65 See the article entitled Unstall Your Printer if you are using one of these releases With release 1 43 the message has disappeared Instead of a message the terminal alarm is sounded when the system deter mines that the printer is not ready The operator then presses return or enter to proceed The printer driver uses a timing loop in identi fying the not ready condition If a PRINT 5 command is is sued or the operator has acu knowledged a not ready signal and the printer driver has been unsuccessful in sending data to the printer for a period of several seconds the terminal alarm is sounded to signal that the printer is not ready The interval is about 11 5 seconds on the C2 OEM machine I do not know if it var
13. is Do you want to have these instructions again For ex ample 1068 A AB C 2 A 3 INPUT 1 AS Assume the disk drive is not ready The error routine is invoked when the INPUT 1 A command is reached The oper ator is notified of the situa tion and readies the drive The error routine returns to program line 108 The com mands A A B and C 2 A will be re executed most likely producing undesired results The program should have been coded 100 A AB C 2 A 268 INPUT 1 AS Then if the not ready condi tion occurs the error routine will return to program line 2060 and variables A and C will contain the desired values 2 If an error occurs in a FOR NEXT loop and the error routine is not going to return to the loop it should termi nate the loop For example 186 FOR K 1 TO 19 706 NEXT K If an error occurs the routine is to proceed to pro gram line 2000 after letting the operator know there was an error error 50123 K 1 NEXT K REM terminate the loop 50124 GOTO 2 3 If an error occurs within a subroutine GOSUB xxx command issued and the processing done by the subroutine is not to be continued the error routine may need to set an indicator to let the routine which called the subroutine know the error occurred 166 E REM clear error indicator 118 GOSUB 5080 REM perform computations 120 IF E lt gt GOTO REM did error occur
14. the 80 meg hard disk 10 meg Subsystem wow 260 faa 1999 Quantity 1 fon Add to any existing OSI floppy based computer 12 SLOT BUS Just plug in one board and set this little Fits standard OSI mount holes gem on top or next to your computer and can be connected in T or daisy voila Welcome to speed and convenience chained by cable for expansion Completely self contained with power sup ply 9598 Hard Disk Controller also avail 79 able separately at 699 DEALERS f you re still alive call us and ask about our aggressive new price Structure We ll send you an unbelievable spares price list SPACE COM International 22991 La Cadena Drive Laguna Hills CA 92653 714 951 4648 If in DECIMAL mode Z flag is invalid Note 2 N Data bit 7 V Data bit 6 Z AND result Note 3 C borrow OSI ROM ROUTINES Parts 6 amp 7 by Leroy Erickson Courtesy of OSMOSUS NEWS 3128 Silver Lake Road Minneapolis MN 55418 Before OSI provided their scanned keyboard they sup ported a standard ASCII en coded keyboard Such a key board is interfaced through a Single 8 bit port located at SDF l just like the scanned keyboard Bit 7 however is used as the key down flag rather than for data When a key is depressed bit 7 goes low While bit 7 remains low bits 6 contain the ASCII value of the depressed key Depending on the keyboard hardware bit 7 may remain low until the key i
15. two addi tional years and package quan tity This data is used to calculate an economic order quantity which takes into con sideration costs to generate and process an order ware house handling sales and payment cost Some items are packaged by us so fields exist to indicate which other products make up a package Data carried on each inventory item is one of the important _Sources for management infor mation Incoming merchandise is check ed off on a receiving list indicating those items if any which do not match the order Only deviations are re entered This we call Management by exception Items not received or shorted are placed into a back order file until received or cancelled Additions or substitutions can be made prior to posting re ceived order to master Invoices are processed by en tering PO number and dollar amount The computer checks the value of the received or der and compares it with the invoice amount When they do not match each item is dis played for a visual check against the invoice until er ror s are located and cor rected If cost has changed new selling prices are cal culated edited posted to master and stored for price changes of stock The import ant point is only those items that need changing are chang ed reducing operator input Payment date s and terms are then entered and stored for accounts payable Input is limited to the absolute mini mum Time spe
16. 51 Seller SAME CAN DO ALL THAT MY SIMPLE MERGE DOES BUT W A NEAT TWIST IT WILL INPUT AS MANY RECS AS CAN FIT IN DISK BUFFER BEFORE WRITING TO NEW FILE IS AT LEAST 46 FASTER THAN ORIG OSI PRGM MUST BE SEEN TO BE FULLY APPRECIATED REQ S EXT INPUT DMS KP ZERO OUT A DMS FILE 1 42 0 81 S P A 1 15 Author KENNETH PORTER P O BOX 1863 SPRINGFIELD VA 22151 Seller SAME WILL QUICKLY ZERO OUT A RANGE OF UNWANTED DMS MASTER FILE RECS YOU SPECIFY START amp END RECS EXISTS AS AN ALT TO OLD DMS DELETE amp REPACK WORKS FASTER REQ S EXT IN PUT SEND 1 08 amp SASE FOR HYPOTHET USES EXAMPLES PIGGY BACK OR PREM LEVERAGING 8 81 S8 D A 1 150 Author WAYNE R COLE CLU 805 CHUMLEIGH RD BALTIMORE MD 21212 Seller SAME USE UP TO SEVEN OLD POLICIES TO ILLUSTRATE THE PURCHASE OF A NEW ONE CHOOSE THE TOTAL INSURANCE YEARLY OUTLAY THAT IS COMFORTABLE WITH THE CLIENT THIS OUTLAY CAN BE LESS THAN HE NOW PAYS EQUAL TO WHAT HE NOW PAYS OR MORE THAN WHAT HE NOW PAYS ZENEREX CLIENT MANAGER 0 82 8 D D 33 1495 Author ZENEREX CORP 1361 E 79TH ST MINNEAPOLIS MN 55429 Seller COMPUTER APPLICATIONS CO INC 3604 CENTER RD POLAND OH 44514 CLIENT ACCOUNTING PACKAGE FOR PUBLIC ACCOUNTANTS PREPARES AND MAINTAINS JOURNALS G L FIN STMT INCLUDES COMPARA TIVES BUDGET HIST PAYROLL STMT OF CHANGES amp MORE ZENEREX TIME MANAGER 0 82 8 D D 1195 Author ZENE
17. AND C3 SERIES 200 AND 300 SERIES FLOPPY DISK DRIVES HARD DISK DRIVES CD 7 23 36 74 TERMINALS PRINTERS MODEMS BOARD SWAPS CUSTOM CONFIGURATIONS CUSTOM CABLES SERVICE CONTRACTS PHONE 616 451 3778 COMPUTERLAB INC 307 MICHIGAN ST N E GRAND RAPIDS MI 49503 5 Components of individual sales by selected dollar amount 6 Monthly quarterly semi annual and annual sales by department A Turn rate B Gross prof t C Dept vs total 7 Sales reports month vs previous previous year A Average sale B Average number per day C Commercial to total D Charges to total E Collection to charges F Sales year to date 12 months to date and projected annual sales 8 Zero sales by item 6 9 or 12 months 9 Purchases by vendor 18 Customer profile 11 Status of special orders 12 Defective stock 13 Vendor back order inquir ies 14 Stock out analysis Auto matic revision of min max bas ed on sales and frequency of outage current month and in 3 15 Inventory lists by depart ment and vendor Preparing monthly statements has been a great time saver Prior to the computer we would spend 14 16 hours total ing invoice copies and prepar ing and mailing statements Now thirty minutes after closing we have processed the day s data updated files sorted account file and are printing statements Printing takes 38 to 4 minutes for the main store while we are hav
18. AVE Command Then the key value is reloaded 1 and control is returned to the 133 Proc A901 eo LDA 01 kai calling routine eae FP9E DOF6 BNE HFF96 7Go share code 7 s kkk kkk PYNMON page l is very similar 139 Ka o page ut not nearly as 138 FFAO AD1202 CTCTST LDA CTLCFG CTRL C Enabled ide R 139 FFA3 D003 BNE HFFA8 No Go Home ntical as that above Com 140 FFAS 4CAEFF JMP HFFAE 7 pare the page 1 listing List 141 ing 2 to that of page 4 142 FFA8 4C28A6 HFFA8 JMP HA628 Jump to RTS Sept 84 PEEK 65 There 144 i are 4 maj or differences Tas FFAB 4CCOFF AEN JMP HFFCO Go to CHARIN code i ris FERE ee HFPAE LDA KEYBRD Test the keyboard Locations 261 amp S2 F are P BMI HFFA8 Nothing go home initialized to spaces in page 148 FFB3 4C33A6 JMP HA633 GO test CTRL C 1 but are not referenced in 150 FFB6 ADOIFC HFFB6 LDA SERPRT 1 Get ser input page 4 122 FFB9 Ahi AND ts F 1 FFBB RTS CDS Computing Services Inc 1314 Romeo Rd Leonard MI 48038 313 752 9674 CDS has the following computers for sale both of which were used by our software staff in program development and are in perfect working condition CSD 10mb Hard Disk computer COA 23mb Hard Disk computer 2mhz processor 2mhz processor 56k Ram 56k Ram Fully multi user strapped Fully multi user strapped Additional memory boards available if additional users are required Additional memory boards available if additional users are feaured 4 R 232
19. BI and their machine in future art icles But from what I saw they are well organized energetic and conscientious about the well being of the end user One certainly gets the feeling that they will be successful and we wish them _ well because of Meanwhile things have not been quiet at OSI either In their booth at Comdex will be the 515 boarded machines a new release of TurboDos with Multiple random sized block transfers that will speed up several times the handling of larger files and the FIND command the 5 25 hard disks that run faster than the 14 smart controllers and hopefully a sneak preview of the new 3rd generation ma chine to put OSI back in the lead Delivery is not fixed but we are betting on spring It will have a 68680 family CPU run UNIX 5 2 garden variety ATT and OS U no POKES PEEKS or ML please OSI says that your 2 MHz OS U machine will out speed any micro running UNIX on the Market Well this new effort might just change that too Oops For now the 515 is either a2 or 4 user com puter on a board except for hard disk controller That s right CPU memory FD con troller and I O The result cheaper more reliable and easy to repiar machine I haven t checked but it might even go in your C4P Oh for more room kat USER PROGRAMMABLE ERROR RECOVERY By David A Weigle 1 8 N Missouri Ave Morton IL 6155 The capability to direct both BASIC error
20. Cel TO P PRINT DS Q C NEXT C Q tive to observe the contents of array D from Immediate Mode Run the OML program and load a file enter Immediate Mode and enter these commands PRINT DS 1 1 PRINT DS 2 1 and so on Because of the way Z is used and recorded on disk it is possible to load a file and then load another file to sequentially follow the first one The program would now hold in array DS Q C two files combined as one Tape users see Listing 2 for tape load and save If Listing 2 is unsatisfactory have a look at the method used by Charles Stewart Vol 4 7 page 8 Introducing SCRIBE WORD PROCESSOR Floppy Hard Disk O8 65U 1 U 142 F 11 or Level 3 and DENVER BOARDS 1k INTERFACED TO OS DMS FILES k AUTOMATIC WRAP AROUND COMPLETE EDITING CAPABILITIES FULL CURSOR CONTROL INSERT amp DELETE TEXT gt SEARCH SEARCH amp REPLACE USER FRIENDLY MANUAL Lk AND MUCH MORE THS COMPUTER SERVICES Route 1 Box 201B Port Republic VA 24471 i 703 249 4833 195 00 OSI repairs C 2 C 3 amp CD Series 200 i A a wae eboard level service on epower supplies 8 floppy drives ecpu memories etc egold molex contacts ecustom printer cables t week turnaround typical Sokol Electronics Inc 474 N Potomac St Hagerstown Md 21740 301 791 2562 i 19 KPS BUSINESS SYSTEMS PAR
21. D3 STA SCREEN 300 Y ditto 9900D2 STA SCREEN 200 Y ditto 9900D1 STA SCREEN 100 Y ditto 9900D0 STA SCREEN Y Clear top 8th ca INY rIncrement index DOES BNE HFF23 Loop for whole page Display Boot Msg H B965FF HPP3E LDA BOOTMS Y Get a char P006 BEQ HFF49 Exit if 0 202DBF JSR HBP2D tElse display it C8 INY Increment index DOFS BNE HFFIE Loop until all done Get amp Test Response I 20ABFF HFF49 JSR HFFAB Get an input char C94D CMP 0 M 3M D003 BNE HFPS3 No skip 4COOFE JMP HFEOO 7Go to ROM Monitr H C957 HFF53 CMP W WwW D003 BNE HFF5A NO skip 4c0000 JMP H0000 iGo to Warm Start c943 HFF5A CMP tc iC Continued would obviously be helpful to 89 a P FF5C DOA2 BNE HFF00 NO start over re uce programming overhead 90 FF5E A900 LDA 00 Yes clear A X amp Y ut unfortunately it costs a LNEF OO AA AX P 92 FF61 A8 TAY little bit more than a simple 93 FP62 4Cl1l1BD JMP HBD11 GO to Cold start scanned keyboard so OSI chose 94 to go with the latter Also ae ree H BOOTMS BYTE C W M 0 Boot Message some game features would be 95 EPOS 57 lost with an ASCII keyboard 95 FF68 2F ou could only receive o 95 FF69 4D ty yY ne 95 FF6A 3F ey value at a time so you 95 PF6B 00 could turn your tank left or 96 right but couldn t move ahead 97 Display a char and TIGER would getcha 96 getcha 123 FF6C 202DBP HPP6C JSR HBF2D Display to screen FF6F 4 PHA Save t
22. Disk Error STRSCEN 50240 ERG ERS in line STR amp PSN 50250 50300 REM Report the Error 50310 PRINT PRINT ERS PRINT 50320 END Table 1 BASIC Error Numbers and Codes Number gode ss B 8 88 F A B E 9 807 mmm 1 NF NEXT without FOR 2 FS Full stack too many nested FORS and GOSUBs 3 SN Syntax error 4 NR Not ready printer s RG RETURN without GOSUB 7 oD Out of data more READS than DATA statements 3 FC Function call 11 ov Arithmetic overflow 13 oM Out of memory 1s us Undefined statement 17 BS Bad subscript outside array dimension range 19 DD Double dimension array DIMensioned twice 21 70 Division by zero 23 DV Disk error error code is in location 10226 25 TM Type mismatch string aisnatched to numeric 27 LS Long string 28 ss Semaphore stack overflow 29 ST String temporaries expression too complex 31 CN Continuation error 33 UF Undefined function tes Error number EN is in location 18176 Error code is in locationa 867 EN and 868 EN l The program statement number PSN being executed when the error was encountered can be determined from loca tions 11774 and 11775 2 The error number EN is stored in location 18176 3 If the error number is 23 then a disk error is being reported The code associated with the disk error can be found in location 19226 4 A two character alphanumer ic code for the error e g SN for syntax error can be found in a table using the er ror number a
23. G F 166 FFCB ADOlDF HFFCB LDA KEYBRD Wait until strobe 167 FFCE 10FB BPL HFFCB is done 168 FFDO 68 PLA 7Then regain char 169 FFD1 60 RTS and go home 170 171 FFD2 AD0302 HFPD2 LDA LOADFG Test LOAD flag 172 FFD5 FOD4 BEQ HPFAB Clear get keyin 173 FFD7 ADOOFC LDA SERPRT Else test serial 174 FFDA 4A LSR A 3 input flag 175 FFDB 90CE BCC HFFAB Nothing loop 176 FFDD 4CB6FF JMP HFFB6 Else get the char 177 178 FFEO 40 HFFEO BYTE 40 Init cursor pos K 179 3 5 180 FFE 3F BYTE 3F 01 00 03 JUNK 180 FFE2 01 180 FFE3 00 180 FFE4 03 181 FFES FF BYTE S FF 3F 00 03 181 FFE6 3F 181 FPE7 00 161 FFE8 03 182 FFES FF BYTE PF 3F 182 FFEA 3F 183 184 FFEB 4CABFF HFFEB JMP HFFAB 185 FFEE 4C6CFF HFFEE JMP HFF6C Char In Routine Char Out Routine 186 FFF 4CAOFF HFFFl JMP CTCTST 1CTRL C Test 187 FFF4 4C8EFF HFFF4 JMP LOADCM LOAD Cmd Handler 188 FFF 4C9BFF HFFF7 JMP SAVECM ISAVE Cmd Handler 190 FFFA 3001 191 FFFC 00FF 192 FFFE C001 RESVCT WORD IRQVCT WORD 194 END 2 The entry to the CTRL C test is at a JSR to a get char routine in page l but is just after that when called from page 4 3 The boot message has a space deleted in page l 4 The LOAD flag is set tol BEGINNER S CORNER By L Z Jankowski Otaio Rd 1 Timaru New Zealand LOAD and SAVE When a desperate user HELP a good program should respond helpfully Unfortu nately extensive help would require
24. H can be both compiled and interpreted FORTH refuses to pander to the tyro and rewards the profi cient j FORTH is fun FORTH is powerful and FORTH is beautiful I would advise anyone inter ested in getting started in FORTH to buy Leo Brodie s book Starting FORTH and to join the FORTH Interest Group San Carlos CA Newton C Fawcett Ph D Hattiesburg MS 39406 k k k kkk Send for free catalog AD HELP WANTED Full and Part time New York authorized OSI Dealer is looking for program mers and hardware technicians Attractive salary and good working conditions Must have strong background in 0S65U with hard disk experience Call 212 926 7634 or send resume to Crescent Computer Systems Inc Box 119 New York NY 18037 eek kek FOR SALE OSI C2 8S 16K one disk amp Centronics interface OS 65D V2 0 amp V3 3 mailing list WP 1B misc 33 disks 320 00 Act IV Micro Term terminal working with above 315 08 Both for 6600 00 John Childs 4719 Twin Pine Dr NE Cedar Rapids IA 52482 319 363 8987 319 395 7557 k k k k FOR SALE OSI 23mb hard disk works well Make offer Bill Brown 5 3 357 7132 kkk xk k FOR SALE C3 w Dual 8 Double Sided Drives 680 C P MF 48K 2Mhz w RS Line Printer 506 Software included call Craig 616 399 3189 kek kK C2 OEM 898 Hazeltine 15608 Terminal 280 Centronics 779 Printer 189 ALL THREE 1866 Ca
25. K MO 65721 23meg 550 00 Seagate 13 READER SURVEY A number of subscribers have referred to PEEK as their our magazine meaning the OSI community Whilst we do receive many compliments we do however ponder if PEEK is reaching out to the OSI community as a whole Maybe PEEK s direction is getting too technical for some Not technical enough for others Too much emphasis on hardware softwarel Your comments and suggestions are most welcome If they are important to you they are important to us PEEK 65 s objective is to serve you so please take a few moments and give these areas some thought and jot your comments down using as much paper as necessary Constructive criticism is always welcome But please send it in promptly Listed are some specific questions Please answer those that apply to you Your input is important after all PEEK 65 is your magazine 1 Is PEEK too technical _ Not tech enough Just right Z7 2 More reviews Y What kind 3 Do you enjoy non technical articles about OSI applications 4 Have you written an article for PEEK 5 Would you write an article for PEEK If so what subjects RI BDA g g g 6 Do you know someone else who would write articles for PEEK Please give name address phone number and possible subject 7 Please list subjects on which you would like to see articles written Ve r ee ee 2G De es NG 8 To date ads have been restricted to OSI type pr
26. LUSIVES WRITE OR CALL SILEO INC 381 SO BROADWAY DENVER COLORADO 80209 303 777 3222 MEET WITH US TO DISCUSS THE TREMENDOUS MARKETING POTENTIAL OF RETAIL SOFTWARE IN ISOTRON BOOTH AT COMDEX LAS VEGAS NOVEMBER 14 18 POS ON LINE COMPUTING POWER POS VERTICAL APPLICATION REVIEW By J Dean Ross Without question computer systems give the most bang for the buck when they process large quantities of informa tion In the competitive busi ness world of today it is too inefficient and costly to al low overhead employees to man ually handle menial tasks In no other business is that fact more evident than in retail Retail business provides prob ably the largest source of business computer end users of any of the applications Due to the high cost of computeri zing prior to microcomputers this segment of the market place has been reluctant to move toward automating Now retailers are seeing the light This particular vertical ket is however no bed of roses These business people need to be educated about the reasons to computerize They are continually being bombard ed by their trade associations and publications to install computer systems Many fran chisers require their franchi sees to be on a computer be cause their research has dic tated that s how to operate successfully mar Due to the large operations contained within running a retail business th
27. MASTER FILE DUMP NO LIMIT ON PRINTER WIDTH OR NUMBER OF FLDS WILL DO AS MANY LINES AS IT TAKES TO DISPLAY ALL FIELDS MASTER OR KEY ACCESS REC RNGE AND CNTRL BRK PROCES SING AVAIL REQ S EXT INPUT SEND 1 amp SASE FOR SAMPLES IS A REAL PAPER SAVER BUSINESS VALUATION 8 81 8 D A 1 49 Author WAYNE R COLE CLU 885 CHUMLEIGH RD BALTIMORE MD 21212 Seller SAME ILLUSTRATE THE VALUE OF A BUS INESS TO ESTABLISH THE NEEDS IF ANY OF LIFE INSURANCE TO BE USED IN A BUY AND SELL OR STOCK REDEMPTION ARRANGEMENT DMS KP MASTER FILE SPECIFCTNS 1 42 0 81 S P A 1 10 Author KENNETH PORTER P O BOX 1893 SPRINGFIELD VA 22151 Seller SAME PROVIDES A FORMATTED LISTING OF ALL INFO CONTAINED IN A CHOSEN DMS MASTER FILE HEADER SHOWS FIELD NAMES LENS AND OFFSETS ALONG W END OF DATA BEGIN OF DATA CURRENT NUMBER OF RECS ETC OUTPUT TO TERM OR PRINTER REQ S EXT INPUT SEND 1 88 amp SASE FOR SAMPLES DMS KP SIMPLE MERGER 1 42 0 82 8 P A 1 25 Author KENNETH PORTER P O BOX 1883 SPRINGFIELD VA 22151 Seller SAME MIMICS SEQUENTIAL MERGE OF OLD DMS MERGER PRGM SIMPLE TO USE WORKS FASTER THAN ORIG ALLOWS YOU TO SPECIFY A RECORD RANGE IF DESIRED lt RETURN gt DEFAULTS TO MAX ALLOWABLE RECS YOU CAN TRANSFER IF TO FILE LENS SHRT WILL AUTO TRUNCATE REQ S EXT INPUT DMS KP TRACK MERGER 1 42 0 82 S P A 1 25 Author gt KENNETH PORTER P O BOX 1883 12 SPRINGFIELD VA 221
28. P O Box 347 Owings Mills Md 21117 301 363 3268 Column One Last month I promised news of DBI and OSI s 515 boards You will get it but not in as Much detail as I would have liked Regrettably Column One is the last thing to go in PEEK and thus is restricted to the space you see here So hopefully this will whet your appetite for the December issue where we can devote more space to these subjects But first a sparce few words about this issue This is the last of Leroy Erickson s ROM articles Leroy will be back with more Beginners please let us know if we are on the right track If you have been following along with the KPS series you will find it joined by the piece on Jim Sileo s POS sys tem Does all this sound like we are leaning toward the business users Well yes and no From the business point of view we have been neglect ing them and must steer in that direction Does that mean that we are forsaking the P users Heavens no You are the ones who got us where we are On that subject OSI reports that the sale does not mean they are closing out pr things They will have parts and things for sometime to come Now to the promised subjects Over the months more and more comment has come our way about DBI s multi processor board mods for the OSI box Rumors say that machines with the Denver Boards DB 1 just fly We had the privilege of visiting DBI s Denver head quarters and were tr
29. REX CORP 1361 E 79TH ST MINNEAPOLIS MN 55429 Seller COMPUTER APPLICATIONS CO INC 3064 CENTER RD M POLAND OH 44514 TIME amp BILLING PACKAGE MAIN TAINS W1P AND A R RECORDS FOR 999 CLIENTS 99 DIFFERENT WORK AND BILLING CODES 3 DIFFERENT INVOICES AND FORMATS VERY COMPLETE SYSTEM lt gt lt gt lt gt O gt 0 OO OD OO OS65 U UTILITY SERIAL amp VIDEO gt gt lt gt lt gt lt gt gt gt OD MD XD FILE FIND UTILITY 1 42 8 81 S P A 1 10 Author KENNETH PORTER P O BOX 1893 SPRINGFIELD VA 22151 Seller SAME YOU ENTER FILE NAME BASIC OR DATA amp PASS PRGM CHECKS DIR FOR A MATCH IF FOUND RETURNS ITS LEN amp REL DISK ADDR PRGM EXISTS AS A SUBSTITUTE TO CHECKING A LONG DIR INVALU ABLE IN A HARD DISK ENVIRON MENT NO SPECIAL REQUIREMENTS NEEDED lt gt gt lt gt O O gt gt D gt OD 0S65 U UTILITY SERIAL O O O O O OO 0 OO BASIC CROSS REFERENCE BASXR 1 2 8 81 5H D A 3 29 Author ELECTRONIC INFO SYSTEMS P O BOX 5893 ATHENS GA 36604 Seller SAME BASXR IS A PROGRAMMING TOOL WHICH FACILITATES MODIFICATION AND DEBUGGING A MENU ALLOWS LISTING OF 1 ALL VARIABLES AND THEIR LINE NUMBER IN ORDER OF OCCURRENCE 2 12 DISK RELATED OPERATIONS WITH LINE NUMBERS FOR EACH APPEARANCE AND 3 ANY BASIC COMMAND WITH COMPLETE LINE PRINTOUTS DISASSEMBLER 1 44 0 81 H D D 90 Author KPS BUSINESS SYSTEMS P O BOX 719 PARKERSBURG WV 261861
30. S FREE ENTRY OF TEXT WITHOUT LINE OR lt CR gt SIGNIFICANTLY FASTER THAN WP 3 2 TERM 32 3 2 1 51 S P A 25 Author RICK TRETHEWEY 8 DURAN COURT PACIFICA CA 94044 Seller RAINBOW ELECTRONIC REVIEWS 8 DURAN COURT PACIFICA CA 94644 SAME AS TERM PLUS BUT RUNS UNDER OS 65D V3 2 ALLOWS VIDEO SYSTEMS TO COMMUNICATE AT 1260 BAUD TERM PLUS 3 3 1 51 S8 P A 25 Author RICK TRETHEWEY 8 DURAN COURT PACIFICA CA 94044 Seller RAINBOW ELECTRONIC REVIEWS 8 DURAN COURT PACIFICA CA 94044 PROG UNDER D 3 3 WORKS ON ANY SER PORT COMPUSERVE VID TEXT TM COMPAT FULL ACCESS XMITS BASIC amp ASM SOURCE FILES AS ASCII amp WP 2 3 FILES FORMATTED 18 PRO GRAMABLE FUNCTIONS 18 PROG MANY SUPPORT UTILITIES INCLUDED lt gt lt gt lt gt lt gt lt gt lt gt M0 gt OO 0S65 D OTHER VIDEO lt gt lt gt lt gt lt gt GANDER SOFTWARE DO LIST BRX 18 HOME CONTROL 3 2 4 51 S P A 2 25 Author F C SCHWIERSKE 5014 LAKEFIELD RD CEDARBURG WI 53812 Seller SAME HOME CONTROL OPERATING SYSTEM ALLOWING A C4PMF TO TIME UP TO 16 BSRX1 LOADS SOFTWARE IS COMPLETELY MENU DRIVEN WITH EXCELLENT GRAPHICS REQUIRES BSRX18 TRANSMITTER WITH SERIAL INPUT AVAILABLE FROM OSI OR USE PLANS INCLUDED TO MODIFY A STANDARD RADIO SHACK UNIT FOR PLANS ONLY SEND 5 80 OOOO OOO OO O 0S65 U0 BUSINESS SERIAL lt gt lt gt lt gt lt gt lt gt O lt g
31. S BETWEEN COMPU TERS SPEEDS 3 BAUD TO 5998 KBPS AUTO FILE CREATION USES STANDARD OSI NETWORK HARDWARE WILL RUN WITH DBI READY OCT 84 x WAZZAT CORNER By L Z Jankowski Otaio Rd 1 Timaru New Zealand From time to time it is neces sary to convert a machine code program from hex numbers to DATA statements For example a machine code utility with a BASIC driver program that is regularly copied to new disks The program in Listing 1 does LISTING 1 1 REM Listing 1 18 PRINT 1 28 PRINT TAB 15 HEX TO DATA STATEMENTS LZJ 26 2 15 W 13 DS DATA S CHRS 34 PRINT PRINT 3 INPUT Begin Line Number L input Line Increment I 4 INPUT Begin HEX N GOSUB 1898 HEX NS GOSUB 189 58 INPUT End 70 GOSUB 280 DISK MEM 8600 8000 B M M E M M PRINT PRINT DISK 1 IO 12 PRINT NEW 98 PRINT L FORX B TO E READN POKEX N NEXT 186 FOR X B TO E STEP Z L L I PRINT L D 11 FOR Y X TO X W IF Y E THEN X E GOTO 1386 128 NS STRS PEEK Y PRINT RIGHTS NS LEN N 1 3 NEXT Y 136 PRINT PEEK Y NEXT X PRINT L I NEW PRINT 158 PRINT DISKI S PUT FS SS DISKI S LOA P S 168 PRINT DISK S I0 82 02 S CHR 13 170 END DISK 1 IO 18 02 188 NeASC NS 48 N N 7 N gt 9 M M 16 N NS MIDS NS 2 IF N lt gt THEN18 198 RETURN 208 INPUT Save DATA to File named 216 INPUT Then LOAD File named such a conve
32. T 2 By Russell D Daugherty P O Box 719 Parkersburg WV 26161 Transaction data is stored on disk in a sequential file The first entry is the type of transaction cash charge payment etc ID and number of items to follow Each item sold listing product number quantity and selling price is recorded and followed by a summary of the total transac tion Every transaction that occurs ina store is recorded in a similar manner At the end of the day data is copied to two 2 backup disks with one being retained on location and the other sent to the main office Backup and resetting pointers is automatic after menu selection The program requires a bank deposit entry before the backup will start Additional POS functions are refunds credits payments record creation change re cords except account bal ance defective stock trade in s stock orders special orders paid out deposits and messages Data from floppies is copied to a hard disk by a modified COPYFI program to permit auto copy of all disks to be pro cessed Each disk is identi fied by location and serial number to make certain the disks do not get out of order or lost Data is processed sequentially updating inven tory files C R Journals bank balances account files tran saction files vendor orders salesman records amount and number sales and audit trail Reports are generated to re stock stores price errors negative stock i
33. The second byte of this two byte instruc tion is added to the LSB of the program counter to deter mine the destination address Those instructions that do not refer to memory addresses but rather Only affect one of the registers in the 65 2 use what is called the implied add ressing mode We have used some of these instructions in the screen clear program pre sented in earlier lessons and they are all explained in the August 84 issue To be spe cific the instructions which use implied addressing are CLC CLD CLI CLV DEX DEY INX INY NOPPHA PHP PLA PLP RTI RTS SEC SED SEITAX TAY TSX TXA TXS TYA As you can see if you check the August 84 issue none of these instructions refer to any memory locations Their tasks always appear very sim ple although this is somewhat misleading Some of these in structions have effects beyond what their mnemonics imply We have seen that the contents of the Status register is im portant to the relative bran ching instructions We will also soon see that the Status flag is vital in performing mathematical calculations The Status flag is not conditioned only by the instructions which clear and set flags but is also affected by most of the other instructions as well The following table demon strates which flags are af fected by instructions in the 6582 TRY US i CLOSE OUT C5 80 1 Computer System C 3 O E M With 1 Denver Board Multi Processor 2 MHz 56K Wi
34. User Manual 35 00 credited towards TDS purchase Michigan residents add 4 sales tax 30 day free trial if not satisfied full refund upon return TIME amp TASK PLANNER 30 DAY FREE TRIAL IF NOT SATISFIED FULL REFUND UPON RETURN e Daily Appointment Schedule e Future Planning List sorted e To Do List by rank or date Work Sheets for all Aspects e Year amp Month Printed Calendar e Transfers to Daily Schedule A SIMPLE BUT POWERFUL TOOL FOR SUCCESS HARDWARE 48K OSI 8 floppy or hard disk serial terminal system OS 65U v 1 3 or later PRICE 300 00 User Manual 25 00 credited toward TTP purchase Michigan residents add 4 sales tax FINANCIAL PLANNER Loan Annuity Analysis e Annuity Due Analysis e Present Future Value Analysis HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS 48K OSI 8 floppy or hard disk serial terminal system OS 65U v 1 2 or later DEALERS Your Inquiries Most Welcome GANDER SOFTWARE Ltd 3223 Bross Road The Ponds Hastings MI 49058 616 945 2821 It Flies e Sinking Fund Analysis e Amortization Schedules e Interest Conversions PRICE 300 00 User Manual 25 00 credited toward Planner purchase Michigan residents add 4 sales tax FROM THE FOLKS WHO BROUGHT YOU All This THERE IS MORE COMING SOON Program Generator for TDS Proposal Planner Time and Billing A R 16 BECOME A SUCCESSFUL cafe
35. als The complete set July 1977 through April 1978 bound and reproduced by PEEK 65 Full set only 15 00 Terminal Extensions Package lets you program like the mini users do with direct cursor positioning mnemonics and a number formatting function much more powerful than a mere print using Requires 65U 50 00 RESEQ BASIC program resequencer plus much more Global changes tables of bad references GOSUBs amp GOTOs variables by line number resequences parts of programs or entire programs handles line 50000 trap Best debug tool I ve seen MACHINE LANGUAGE VERY FASTI Requires 65U Manual amp samples only 5 00 Everything for 50 00 Sanders Machine Language Sort Merge for 0S 65U Complete disk sort and merge documentation shows you how to call from any BASIC program on any disk and return it or any other BASIC program on any disk floppy or hard Most versatile disk sort yet Will run under LEVEL I II or HI It should cost more but Sanders says sell it for just 89 00 KYUTIL The ultimate OS DMS keyfile utility package This implementation of Sander s SORT MERGE creates loads and sorts multiple field conditionally loaded keyfiles KYUTIL will load and sort a keyfile of over 15000 ZIP codes in under three hours Never sort another Master File 100 00 BOOKS AND MANUALS while quantities last 65V Primer Introduces machine language programming 4 95 CA4P Introductory Manual
36. an overlong program and is therefore impractical but some minimum help should be provided It may return the user to the previous pro gram step or go right back to the Main Menu This is the approach taken in the Otaio Mailing List OML see June 84 issue The idea is exem plified in lines 348 and 419 types see Listing 1 Typing HELP or tapping the lt RETURN gt key forces a return to Main Menu 10 NMIVCT WORD 0130 PPOO 01C0 NMI VECTOR RESET VECTOR JIRQ amp BRK VECTOR rather than SFF BEWARE Thus any compares are done as zero non zero rather than as plus minus Other than the above differ ences the instructions end up moved around a little but the sequence and logic are still the same In the SAVE block in line 416 the user is asked for the file name This line can be easily changed to always save to a specific file name For example 419 Y filename The message in line 426 is im portant There is nothing more unnerving than being confronted by a computer which appears to have suddenly e veloped a will of its own seems to be merrily working on something and is definitely not telling YOU the user what s going on k Or worse still the computer has frozen up and the user is presented with the dilemma Should I use the lt BREAK gt key or should I wait The way to avoid frazzled nerves is to use helpful messages The OML uses sequentia
37. an tell you FORTH once thor oughly learned is one of the easiest of all languages to program in FORTH at first seems awkward and difficult but this feeling soon passes One of the nicest attributes of FORTH is its ability to grow with the programmer while at the same time revealing more and more of its inner nuances The longer one pro grams in FORTH the easier the process becomes A FORTH awareness creeps in but un like our experience with lan guages such as BASIC FORTRAN PLI PASCAL etc this in creasing awareness seems to grow almost without end or di minution This may in part ex plain the enthusiasm of dyed in the wool FORTH addicts Actually FORTH isn t a lan guage at all It is a set of tools out of which languages can be created Whereas BASIC let us say is about equally efficient when applied to widely differing or related problems FORTH is very much more efficient for coding related applications The FORTH one develops tends to become personal both a strength and a weakness of the language and specialized to wards one s own particular applications In summary FORTH is adaptable and exten sible FORTH is standable logical and under FORTH can be very high level or very low FORTH is memory efficient and fast FORTH was developed on small computers for small computers FORTH is flexible because al though FORTH has rules the rules can be easily changed FORT
38. aving CRT control once they have been determined by the generalized routine If you are not interested in saving all of the codes and or there are not that many characters in the codes they can be stored back in the place from whence they came i e beginning at address 6345 The routines which follow can be used to store what I call the refined CRT control codes It is assumed that the generalized code retrieval routine was added to INP Extended Input activation or some other program which is run as part of the initiali zation process for your system 22 CRT coordinate addressing scheme indicator YF Y coordinate row offset XF X coordinate column offset ADS cursor addressing lead in sequence DL cursor addressing delimiter DE cursor addressing delimiter CS clear screen CE clear to end of screen or page CL clear to end of line FG foreground BG background PS forward space cursor BS backward space cursor 63960 REM SAVE CRT CONTROL CODES 63961 2 23552 REM storage area address could also be 2 6345 63962 POKE Z AR POKE Z2 1 YF POKE 2 2 XF 252 3 63963 RS AD GOSUB 200 R DL GOSUB 200 63964 RS DE GOSUB 200 R CS GOSUB 200 63965 RS CE GOSUB 200 R sCL GOSUB 200 63966 RS FG GOSUB 200 R BG GOSUB 200 63967 RS FS GOSUB 200 R BS GOSUB 200 100 REM SERVICE ROUTINE FOR SAVING CRT CONTROL CODES 200 tae REM length of contro
39. ays special or ders quotations CODs and trade ins To handle all these a point of sale termi nal is required to be on line with a computer To do this at point of sale CHECKPOINT utilizes a video terminal keyboard and screen to enter sales The terminal is connected directly to a computer to operate on line and interact with inventory and pricing customer files and general ledger Instead of tracking just money and broad classifications of merchandise the computer is able to track individual items and specific customer accounts and maintain the information by classification vendor and other criteria While employed by Target Jacobsen received considerable training and exposure in the point of sale area There fore the system he would buy for his own store had to be sophisticated enough to look up prices and perform on line credit and lay away checks Because he realized that most cash register systems require the salesperson to enter de partment and classification in addition to the item number and price he wanted to be able to enter only the item number into the point of sale terminal With price look up on board he knew that it would be able to support discounts Special sales pri ces for certain categories of merchandise could be control led enabling him to tell the computer what items to put on sale and for how long In June 1988 Jacobsen pur chased a hard disk based Ohio S
40. ce They like seeing the entire sale unfold on the screen as the salesperson enters each item and are confident pricing information is correct On the other hand the customer sometimes may not understand if the 18 computer is down for a few minutes but those occurrences seem to have been minimal One frustration to the novice computer owner is that the computer won t do everything itself Someone must enter the information and if entered incorrectly the result is garbage in garbage out Because full descriptions are printed out on all sales tic kets invoices purchase or ders and price tags spelling and pricing must be correct and color and size information valid The store s incidence of tag switching is minimal now because of the descriptive tags so it appears the effort Might have been a small price to pay There is another aspect of Owning your own computer that is difficult to accept The computer isn t going to change for you but rather you will need to become somewhat flexi ble in conforming to the sys tem as it s designed With computerization it becomes quite uneconomical to have the system conform to each busi nessman s desires After owning the system four years Jacobsen believes this software allows ample lati tude He points out that information is there for his use now He has control It allows him daily views of his business so that should a problem arise it may be cor
41. cientific microcomputer and CHECKPOINT sporting goods software from Sileo His criteria for the selection of the computer was keeping cost down his investment was less than 20 808 while being able to operate more than one terminal simultaneously He wanted the software to not only handle point of sale transactions but to combine this capability with purchas ing inventory and accounting functions With CHECKPOINT software the salesperson enters item number and quantity into the video terminal The computer does the rest totals the sale figures tax calculates chan ge and prints a cash ticket or complete invoice The next time you see that sale it will be in one of the sales analysis reports or the gener al ledger Jacobsen s year of research paid off he got what he want ed However along with the new purchase there were a few elements he had not antici 17 pated He realized that be fore you could have an inventory system you had to input each and every inventory item into the computer which means looking through vendors catalogs and price sheets and assigning numbers to each item Once items were stored in the computer everything was great but it took him a month just to input all eight thousand numbers I don t believe I d recommend anyone buying his own computer system unless he is truly ded icated relates Jacobsen It s a tremendous amount of work However it was during this mon
42. common variables features CRT control codes are among the global variables To retrieve CRT control codes in the menu programs I have used a routine similar to that provided by OSI When the menu programs were run it seemed to me that a consider able amount of time was being consumed in variable defini tion initialization particu larly for the CRT control codes When you study the routine for retrieving control codes you will notice that a lot of processing is taking place due to the generalized nature of the code Naturally the rou tine was written this way in order to accommodate the con trol code structure of the many types of terminals which can be defined During this processing the addressing scheme of the term inal is determined which takes time There are a number of loops involved with retrieving control codes as the number of characters com prising each code is unknown The GOTOs in the loops introduce additional system overhead due to the line number searching which is Gone Once these codes have been determined why not store them some place where they can later be retrieved with less processing and less system overhead Within the OS65U nucleus there is an area of memory which is used only by the resequencer RSEQ program This area extends from addresses 23552 through 23695 and can be a convenient place to store data which is frequently used by programs This area can be used for s
43. d to know was how many widgets we own it would have consumed less time but then why use a computer A card file would serve the same purpose We are having difficulty adjusting to this discipline but making progress We counted all loca tions twice and one location three times trying to get an accurate count We are going to do it again and keep count ing until we get it right Since no one enjoys inventory the re counts are starting to drive the point home that ac curacy is essential If all goes well the next general inventory should be the last We plan a weekly random sam ple starting with 1 items varying the frequency and quantity by statistical an alysis of the error rate We will establish an acceptable error factor where cost and benefit balance each other We have yet to prove the point but we expect to increase in ventory turn rate by 50 The conclusion next month LETTERS ED It seems that most of correspondence with PEEK 65 concerns Editor Extended Input and terminal usage This letter is no exception It discusses the initialization of variables containing CRT control codes when Extended Input is being used When Extended Input is acti vated most of the CRT control codes are placed in memory beginning at address 6345 These control codes come from the record for the terminal contained in the CRT file The control codes for forward space and backward space cur
44. e pee ahh 7 ROM BASIC Support for 540 Video zee and ASCII Keyboard ane ptr kkk eae Comments by Leroy Erickson ee pthe August 1982 tat peewee ane pk kkk kkkkkkkfkkkkk kukkkkkk kkkkkkahk H0000 0000 BASIC Warm Start CRSPOS 0200 Video Cursor Pos HO201 0201 1 LOADPG 0203 LOAD Flag 8et o gt Ser In SAVEFG 0205 SAVE Flag Set gt Ser Out TDELAY 0206 Time Delay HO20F 020F CTLCFG 0212 CTRL C Flag sNon zeroe gt 0ff H BASIC IN ROM Routines 7 HA628 A628 RTS HA633 A633 CTRL C Test HBDll S BDll Cold start entry HBF15 BF15 Serial output HBF22 BF22 Init serial port HBF2D BF2D Video Driver SCREEN D000 Addr of video mem KEYBRD DF0l Addr of keybrd SERPRT FCOO Addr of ser port HFEOO FE00 ROM Monitor Entry SPFOO D8 HFFOO CLD Clear decimal mode A228 LDX 928 Set stack pointer 9A TXS 2022BF JSR HBF22 Init Serial Port A000 LDY 00 tInitialize Flags 8C1202 STY CTLCFG CTRL C Flag 8C0302 amp TY LOADFG 3 LOAD Flag 8C0502 STY SAVEFG 3 SAVE Flag 8C0602 STY TDELAY 3 Time Delay ADEOFF LDA HFFEQ rInitialize Cursor 8D0002 STA CRSPOS Position 1 Clear the Screen A920 LDA 20 Get a blank 8D0102 STA H0201 iClear 2 Indicators 8D0F02 STA HO20F 9900D7 HFF23 STA SCREEN 700 Y Clear last 8th 9900D6 STA SCREEN 600 Y Clear next 8th 9900D5 STA SCREEN 500 Y ditto 9900D4 STA SCREEN 400 Y ditto 9900
45. eated to The Unofficial OSI Users Journal 1 75 NOVEMBER 1984 VOL 5 No 11 INSIDE USER PROG ERROR RECOVERY 2 6562 ASSEMBLY LANG PROG CLASS 6 OSI ROM ROUTINES 8 BEGINNERS CORNER 1 SOFTWARE LISTINGS 11 T CORNER 13 SURVEY 14 POS VERT APPLICATION REVIEW 17 KPS BUSINESS SYSTEMS REVIEW 2 LETTERS TO THE EDITOR 21 an all day session from fac tory to the last technical detail All very impressive This is the tight knit organ ization that came up with the multi processor idea Close behind the DB 1 came the DP 1 printer board with 4 serial and 2 parallel ports for either user or system use depending upon which end is plugged into the backplane The big boost came with the introduction of the DS 1 host adaptor that converts the OSI buss to SASI for disk storage This means that most of the garden variety disks hard and floppy 2 each can be added Next came the real surprise Well not really It seems only natural to put all this tech in a box That s the DBM 1 A tiny 13hx15x15 box will hold 168 MB of hard disk two 5 25 floppies and eight users And it really is quiet It comes with their own DB DOS operating system which picks up where U left off adds more reserved words and functions and is planned to be the stepping stone into the 3rd generation machine with UNIX now on the drawing boards The above just scratches the surface but you will be reading more about D
46. ed END Figure 3 OS 65U V1 43 Changes for Printer Not Ready tThe Change _ Original Code_ POKE 15913 162 POKE 15913 169 POKE 13914 3 POKE 15914 7 POKE 15915 76 POKE 15915 2141 POKE 15916 78 POKE 15916 182 POKE 15917 4 POKE 15917 56 Figure 4 Handling Printer Not Reedy Condition 10 FLAG 25 REM permit program to handle CONTROL C 100 PRINT WS REM print a line 110 PRINT CHRS 0 REM print null to permit CONTROL C check 120 IF PEEK 15006 gt 0 GOTO REM if CONTROL C 50000 50010 50020 30100 50400 50410 50420 50430 50440 50450 50460 50470 50480 50490 50300 50510 50520 PSN PEEK 11774 256 PEEK 11775 REM get error line EN PEEK 18176 REM get error number IF EN 23 GOTO REM if a disk error IF EN 4 GOTO 50400 REM if printer not ready PRINT CHRS8 0 REM print null to permit CONTROL C check IF PEEK 15006 gt 0 GOTO REM f CONTROL C U1 PEEK 8778 U2 PEEK 8779 REM save user vector POKE 8778 135 POKE 8779 5 REM single character input PRINT Printer not ready CHRE 7 X USR X REM to single character input routine X5PEEK 14518 AND127 REM ASCII code of character entered IF X lt gt 3 AND X lt gt 13 THEN PRINT CHRS 7 GOTO 50450 REM line above if entry not CONTROL C or carriage return PRINT POKE 8778 U1 POKE 8779 U2 REM restore user vector IF X213 GOTO PSN REM if carriage return retry print GOTO REM CONTROL C to interrupt rou
47. ere are a limited number of software solutions available to them Integrated systems that provide complete retail business management are few and far between Checkpoint of Sale is a software package designed specifically for this vertical market The software was written by Sileo Inc a Denver based Ohio Scientific dealer since 1978 spectrum of The hardware utilized in the system reviewed was an Ohio Scientific 20 series hard disk based computer It was configured with one CRT and a high speed line printer for the office Two CRTs and associated ticket printers were located at the sales counter along with two cash drawers An additional in voice printer was located at the front counter for pre paring complete invoices quo tations lay aways and special orders One of Sileo s clients Fred Jacobsen granted me an ex tensive interview and tour through his full line Sport store in After talk line sporting goods Arvada Colorado ing to the youthful entrepre neur it was easy to see why he is so successful in retail Fred spent nine years his teeth in Target Inc cutting retailing with a division of Dayton Hudson Corporation Then in 1978 with an exten sive background in merchandis ing he purchased a bankrupt sporting goods business and reopened its doors After spending nearly a year getting his feet on the ground in the sporting goods busi ness he started the unenvi able ta
48. es 158 and 168 print a Command File The final com in line 168 switches F PRINT P PRINT RETURN input to BASIC from the keyboard to the file at 8000 The 1 in DISK IO 19 02 is hex for decimal 16 The 2 is just 2 output to screen The 18 sets bit 5 in the Input Output distri butor flag byte Two to the power of 5 is 16 BASIC now reads the first com mand from Device 5 and it is NEW and the old program is gone Gadzooks what s this Here comes the BASIC program just as if it were being typed in at the keyboard Next comes the Command File and it is accepted by BASIC as if from Immediate Mode The com mands are interpreted and executed as follows PUT the new program to disk LOAD another program reset the Input Output distributor to its normal state i e accept Input from the keyboard send Output to screen Phew it s done DISK DRIVE RECONDITIONING WINCHESTER DRIVES FLAT RATE CLEAN ROOM SERVICE parts amp labor included Shugart SA4008 Shugart SA1004 1Omeg 450 00 ST412 10meg 350 00 FLOPPY DRIVE FLAT RATES oo 8 Single Sided Shugart 8 Double Sided Shugart 250 d 8 Single Sided Siemens D amp E Series 150 00 8 Double Sided Siemens P Series 170 00 Write or call for detailed brochure 90 Day warranty on Floppy amp Large Winch 1 Yr Warranty on 5 amp 8 Winchesters Phone 417 485 2501 EJ FESSENDEN COMPUTERS 116 N 3RD STREET OZAR
49. han the programs they Support Sometimes the error routine contains more than the rest of the program Is it worth the time and ef fort to develop error recovery routines If you are market ing software the answer is definitely yes because of the extra touch of quality they add just ask your customers Even in the pro grams you write for your own use they can be lifesavers If nothing else think of the challenge they can provide for you k 6582 ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE PROGRAMMING CLASS Part V By Richard L Trethewey Systems Operator for the OSI SIG on CompuServe In the last lesson we ex amined how some of the instructions opcodes in the 6592 instruction set are able to refer to memory There are many instructions that do not address memory at all but instead directly affect either the registers in the 6502 or program branching Let s take the latter case first There are 8 instruc tions that do conditional branching These instructions test the condition of particu lar bits or flags in the Status register We looked at these instructions in lesson 3 and you are referred to that lesson for details These conditional branch instruc tions use what is called relative branching The term relative is derived from the fact that the desti nation address of the branch code is based upon the memory add ress where the actual instruc tion resides rather than a specific address
50. he char The SYNMON ROM pages amp 1 are 101 FF70 AD0502 LDA SAVEFG Test SAVE Flag uivalent to es 3 amp 4 102 FF73 F024 BEQ HFF99 15kip is clear gupeoee ihe ree k fa 103 FF75 68 PLA Else regain char Y 104 FF76 2015BF JSR _ HBF15 Write to Ser Port S than the scanned one 105 FF79 C90D CMP 0D yIs it CR In fact page is identical FF7B DOID BNE HPF9A NO Go Home to page 3 except for lines 194 10T EEID on TA irebe grava TE to 2 3 locations SFEED to oe FF7F 48 PHA FEF9 A Note the page 3 list 10 FF80 A20A LDX S0A Get a 10 A s 111 FF82 A900 LDA 00 and a Null ing in the August 84 issue of 112 FF84 2015BF HFF84 JSR HBFl5 Write to ser port PEEK 65 and Listing 1 Page 113 FF87 CA DEX DO 10 Nulls 3 contains a jump to FD 9 to 114 FEB6 DOPA DNE HPEO gt ng get a char from the scanned te HA FA IK 1 Then regain X 6 A keyboard routine and go home 117 FF8C 68 PLA and an all rows keyboard scan 118 PF8D 60 RTS And Go Home at these locations Page 119 S Rak t contains an ASCII keyboard int i BR K a get char routine In this i FF8E 48 LOADCM PHA Save A E FF8F A901 LDA 01 Set LOAD Flag E ers nich Gee loop is en 124 FF91 8D0302 STA LOADFG ered which waits until bit 7 125 FF94 A900 LDA 00 Clear SAVE Flag goes low At that point the 126 PF96 8D0502 HFF96 STA SAVEFG key value is saved and a 128 PSA 60 HEF9A RTS Ana Go Home second loop is entered to wait 129 until bit 7 goes high again it 1 Handle S
51. ies based on CPU speed or is fairly constant i e the timing loop being adjusted to match the CPU After the terminal alarm is sounded the operator has two choices for a response carri age return enter or CONTROL C If the entry is a carriage Figure 2 Operator Supplied Password Required to OPEN a File 100 CNT 0 REM number of times pasaword entered 110 FS MASTER REM file name 120 PWge REM password provided by operator 200 CNT CNT 1 REM increment password entered counter 210 PRINT Enter password gt 220 INPUT 4 A PWS REM operator enters pasaword 230 PRINT i 300 OPEN FS PWS 1 REM open master file 50000 50010 50020 50200 50210 50220 50300 50310 50320 50330 50340 50350 50400 50410 50420 PSN PEEK 11774 256 PEEK 11775 REM get error line EN PEEK 18176 REM get error number IF EN 23 GOTO 50200 REM if a disk error ENSPEEK 10226 REM get diak error number IF ENs1 GOTO 50300 REM if drive not ready IF EN 131 GOTO 50400 REM if incorrect password on OPEN Z PEEK 9832 IF 2 gt 128 THEN 222 124 IF Z gt 63 THEN Z Z 58 PRINT Drive CHRS 65 2 not ready CHRS 7 PRINT Press lt CR gt when ready to proceed Ree INPUT 0O A RS REM get operator acknowledgement PRINT GOTO PSN REM retry the disk operation PRINT Incorrect password entered CHRS 7 IF CNT lt 3 GOTO 200 REM haa operator had three chances PRINT Processing terminat
52. ime by upwards ment of 58 Another benefit has been less code required to David A Weigle retrieve the codes I can Morton IL 61558 always use the extra room in k ED Subsequent headers were equal I have recently upgraded my 5 ly fouled up and re initiali year old OSI CIP to disk and zation changed the last two have come up against a rather bytes of the headers but not perplexing problem The sys to the correct format Also tem will not save to disk the disk was not erased after the header was written onto Preliminary investigation has the disk revealed that upon initializa tion the track headers are For hardware I currently have not being written correctly a ClP D amp N s Data Separator The first two bytes are OK D amp N s disk controller board but the track number and the and a Tandon TM 1 1 disk last byte are wrong Here are drive For software I have the results of an initiali OS65DV3 and HEXDOS 4 8 HEXASM zation of a brand new blank 1 8 and a modified Cl1S ROM to disk support HEXDOS TK 1 CW CHR 24 CHR 960R32 I feel that the problem is in BLANK the controller but much IC TK 2 CW CHRS 13 CHR 255 swapping and 3 cans of IC TK 3 CW CHRS 75 CHRS 254 cooler have not isolated the TK 4 CW CHRS 13 CHRS 960R32 problem Initial board setup for the read write circuit was done with a Tecktronic s 425 V dual trace O Scope and the pulse widths are adjusted to specs and ha
53. ing etc OOOOOOOOOO OS65 D UTILITY SERIAL amp VIDEO lt gt O gt gt gt O gt MD MD XD ASM PLUS 3 3 1 51 S P A 50 Author RICK TRETHEWEY 8 DURAN COURT PACIFICA CA 94044 Seller RAINBOW ELECTRONIC REVIEWS 8 DURAN COURT PACIFICA CA 94044 FAST DISK BASED ASSEMBLER FOR D 3 3 ON ALL SYS EX C1P MF ALLOWS LINKING MULTIPLE SOURCE FILES REMOVES MEM CONSTRAINT 8 TIMES FASTER THAN OSI FILE EDITOR FULL LINE amp GLOBAL SEARCH FULL OSI COMPAT MORE COMMANDS MENTION PEEK 65 AND GET REBUG TOO A SYMBOLIC DISASM FOR ASM PLUS FROM MACH SMART TERM ON ALL SYS EX ClP MF TO DISK FILES KEYS ON VID SYS gt OO O QO EAP ALL O 81 S P D 1 125 Author JOAN TIRINO 14 MAPLE AVE W NYACK NY 16994 Seller NORTHEAST FINANCIAL SYSTEMS 14 MAPLE AVE W NYACK NY 18994 TRANSIENT UTILITY REPLACES NULL COMMAND PROVIDES 13 DIGIT PRECISION WITH ROUNDING FOR 65U amp 65D BASIC ADDITION MULTIP DIVISION amp SUBTRACTION IN USE 3 1 2 YRS REQUIRES 2K OF UPPER RAM AREA EDIT PLUS 3 3 1 51 S P A 48 Author RICK TRETHEWEY 8 DURAN COURT PACIFICA CA 94044 Seller RAINBOW ELECTRONIC REVIEWS 8 DURAN COURT PACIFICA CA 94844 SIMILAR TO WP 3 UNDER D 3 3 ON ALL SYS EX C1P MF FIXES WP 3 FOIBLES LIKE A CMD RESETS LINE COUNTER BEFORE EA OUTPUT DOES RIGHT JUST NOT PROPOR TIONAL EDIT PLUS DOES GLOBAL EDITS BLOCK MOVES amp COPIE
54. l code number of charac ters 210 POKE 2 L REM store control code length 220 IF L 0 THEN Z Z 1 RETURN REM if no control code 230 FOR K l TO L REM set loop iterations 240 POKE 2 K ASC MID R K 1 REM store a character 260 NEXT K REM loop control 270 Z Z K REM set next storage area address 280 RETURN Now that the refined control codes have been stored they can be retrieved by other programs The following routines can be used for the retrieval 1000 REM RETRIEVE CRT CONTROL CODES 1100 2 23552 REM storage area address could also be 2 6345 1200 AR PEEK Z YF PEEK Z 1 XF PEEK Z 2 Z5Z 3 1300 GOSUB 200 ADS R GOSUB 200 DL R 1400 GOSUB 200 DE R GOSUB 200 CS R 1500 GOSUB 200 CES R GOSUB 200 CL R 1600 GOSUB 200 FGS R GOSUB 200 BGS RS 1700 GOSUB 200 FS R GOSUB 200 BS R 100 REM SERVICE ROUTINE POR RETRIEVING CRT CONTROL CODES 200 R REM clear work area 210 LePEEK Z REM number of characters in control code 220 IF L 0 THEN Z 2 1 RETURN REM if no control code 230 FOR K l TO L REM set loop iterations 240 RS RS CHR PEEK Z K REM retrieve control code character 250 NEXT K REM loop control 260 Z Z K REM set next storage area address 270 RETURN Using this approach to manag programs Hopefully other ing CRT control codes I have OSI users will notice a reduced variable definition similar performance improve initialization t
55. l files What are they Imagine a long piece of string with knots tied every so often To find knot 45 it is necessary to count from knot 1 until knot 45 is reached To add one More knot to the string the last knot must be found to wards the end of the string Using sequential files is rather like coping with the knotted string To access a string of data from the file it is necessary to read the file beginning with the first character Adding data to the file requires the whole file to be read into BASIC The new data is appended to the end of the file followed by the carriage return character knot The file can now be written back to disk Nulls are written to disk as car riage returns This method of creating and using files is simple and easy to understand Call each string of data a field and let a certain number of fields constitute one record Each field string of data on the disk is separated from the next field by a carriage re turn So fields and records are not distinguished on disk The number of fields required to make up one record is Getermined by program logic The program logic of OML sets P 5 fields to a record as counted for example in the FOR NEXT loop in line 448 A sequential file can be viewed directly To do this type EXIT to enter the DOS kernel Now type EXAM _ D TR 1 where TR is the number of the track on which the sequential file is stored The carriage
56. ll 216 747 1863 or write David Skaggs P O Box 556 Youngstown OH 44581 ek kek EK FOR SALE OSI C3 B Computer 48K RAM two 8 floppies 74MB hard disk all in excel lent working condition oS 65U 1 42 OS DMS included Best Offer Write PICS Box 3117 Berkeley CA 94783 or call 415 654 2259 or leave message at 415 654 5908 eee KK SB II Series 1 8K 68 SB II Series 2 8K 75 6108 board 24K 1060 PS 005 5V 3A 20 Aardvark 8K PIA 28 Al3 board data separa tor 18 CPU case 20 C12 cassettes 12 18 EPROM pro grammer 2516 2716 58 Add shipping J Hays 24 1 53rd Ave SW Seattle WA 98116 206 935 3548 kek KE Aurora Software 37 South Mitchell Arlington Heights IL 60095 Phone 312 259 4971 23 PEEK G9 The Unofficial OS Users Journal P O Box 347 Owings Mills Md 21117 DELIVER TO GOODIES for OSI Users PEEK G3 The Unofficial OS Users Journal P O Box 347 Owings Mills Md 21117 301 363 3268 C1P Sams Photo Facts Manual Complete schematics scope waveforms and board photos All you need to be a C1P or SII Wizard just 7 95 C4P Sams Photo Facts Manual includes pinouts photos schematics for the 502 505 527 540 and 542 boards A bargain at 15 00 C2 C3 Sams Photo Facts Manual The facts you need to repair the larger OSI computers Fat with 30 00 useful information but just OSI s Small Systems Journ
57. n tags prevent tag switching 594 2485 PRICE 16 06 Continued from Page 18 within the record may vary Record size is set by DOS at 128 characters Accessing records usually involves con stant use of the disk drive each record has to be read from the disk Another way of storing data on disk is to use Relative Files as in 65U DOS These files have a pointer INDEX which can find any byte in the file Set the INDEX to equal 2061 and byte 2081 can be recovered from the file Size of fields is deter mined entirely by program logic Any field can be ac cessed at random by calculat ing its INDEX value The idea is as simple as can be but as powerful as one could wish Next in line 438 the Operating System DOS device number 6 for file whose name is in Y Device number 6 is the name for the first of two file buf fers The other file buffer is called Device number 7 A buffer is just a place in computer memory where sections of a file are stored 3872 by tes at a time Either buffer could be located elsewhere in any part of free RAM BASIC can write to device 6 with the command PRINT 6 Clev er eh Disk the The first piece of information written to the buffer is the number of records stored in variable Z Next in line 446 all the records are writ ten to the buffer one after the other Variable C equals CHRS 13 and is used to separate fields and reco
58. nt checking in voices against packing list has been reduced by about 99 When payables are run the operator enters payable date and all bills due to be paid this date will be paid The computer calculates payables and displays totals due by 108 day increments for 3 periods and by 3 day increments for the next 5 months It then calculates projected cash flow for the same periods warning of any expected shortfall and in which period The operator has an option of selecting certain accounts to be paid if necessary due to cash flow _ An additional function is comparison of prompt pay ment terms with current money Market rate When it s to our advantage to hold money in in terest bearing accounts the payable date is pushed ahead until the absolute due date The only input required is the last date to pay and current Money market rate When checks are printed bank balance C D Journal and the check register are updated Human involvement with payables has been reduced by 80 Check reconciliation is also Management by exception We enter date of last recorded deposit and indicate out standing checks Numerous other programs were written to provide manage ment information l Aging of receivables Pur chases year to date and aver age per month 2 Aging of payables 3 Cost of sales and inven tory valuation 4 Dept sales by individuals OSI ISOTRON MICRO COMPUTER SYSTEM SERVICE C2
59. oducts Would you like to see ads for other peripherals accessories etc R amp 9 Have you purchased from PEEK advertisers Were you satisfied Y N If not please explain 1 Did you take advantage of last year s free listing of software ll Have you sent in a free listing this year 12 Would you like to be able to buy software listed in the software issue directly from PEEK RI 13 DA N amp e 13 If PEEK were to provide merchandise for sale via mail order what would you like PEEK to carry Please list 14 Who is your nearest dealer Please give name address and phone number p _ 4 ZAG 2 Eag taa 02 27744 so3 ces 7072 15 Where do you turn for repairs Name Address 16 What other computer magazines do you read 17 What kind of computer do you own use 18 How would you rank 1 16 the desirability of having OS 65U available in a 5 25 version 19 Your name address and phone number 14 THE DATA SYSTEM Stored Report Formats Stored Jobs Formats Calcs Multiple Condition Reports e Multiple File Reports e Calc Rules Massage Data Up to 100 Fields Per Record HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS 48K OSI Hard Disk serial system OS 65U 1 42 or Later Space required 1 3 megabytes for programs and data e User Designed Entry Edit Screens Powerful Editor e Merges Append Overlay Match e Posting Batch input Nested Sorts 6 Deep Abundant Utilities PRICE 650 00
60. rds The semicolon stops an extra carriage return from being written to disk The CS can be omitted from line 446 BASIC will then write the carriage return DOS throws 326 REM LISTING 1 330 REM LOAD A FILE opens _ have been written to the linefeeds away so CHRS 18 cannot be used If it is re quired that linefeeds be writ ten to disk do POKE 9139 255 and POKE 9220 255 for devices 6 and 7 r spectively The number 255 replaces 18 Getting back to line 440 var iable Q is counting the re cords and variable C is counting the fields within each record When P fields buf been time to fer then one record has written and it is write the next record When the buffer is full the DOS takes over from BASIC DOS writes the contents of the buffer to disk and then con trol passes back to BASIC BASIC continues writing re cords to the buffer and the process continues until 2 records have been written The CLOSE command in 458 forces the final write to disk whether the buffer is full or not When a sequential file is loaded from disk the process happens in reverse One track into the When the if there next track is value is stored in Y 370 each of the required file is loaded into the buffer BASIC reads the data out of the buffer and appropriate arrays end of the buffer is DOS takes over and is more data the read into the buffer This continues until
61. red for 6 Users With 6502 and Z80 Expandable to 14 Users J 6 9 9 0r Processors S With Centronics Parallel Printer Interface While they Last 1490 7 k Add to a Spare H D For Each Add Multi i Includes 8K Exec M for C Processor User Add MF or Multiuser PM e Develop Programs 1 000 Spare 510CPU Board with Z80 6502 169 Includes Super Utility Package i Plus our incredible new super system data base MULTI PROCESSOR 1 0 manager With brand new Disk Tech One 2 year war COMPLETE ranty on internal hard disk components Beautiful hand finished oak cabinet over steel frame Instant MEGABYTE SYSTEM access to all components Available with casters or os 00 plastic feet if R BEAUTIFUL AS WELL AS FUNCTIONAL NEW CONTROLLERI INTERFACE The new 9590 Controller replac fom Hard Single user with Centronics par HR es the OSI 590 525 set with 1 sin or Floppy allel printer interface expand Vn He gle board Unlike others you ve 8 Hard Disk able to eight users oo Seen it works perfectly with OSI e 8 Floppy Disk 599 or Denver boards and all ver R Quantity 1 sions of 65U Enclosed in table top cabinet as shown or mounted It Is compatible with old Style 592 Interface in deluxe floor cabinet as above left Add 400 with 3 cable adapter or attaches with single ribbon cable to our new 9592 H D Interface Board Unlike others our interface completely supports the ready fault indicator on
62. return character will be visible on the screen separating the strings of data fields Any track on a disk can be viewed in this way Prove these facts to yourself by creating a sequential file and using the command EXAM and the SEQLST utility Don t worry about DOS error message Error D which occurs when using SEQLST Problems arise when a se quential file becomes so large that it cannot all fit into computer memory A different type of file is then required the only choice usually being the Random File When using a Random File it is possible to access any record off the disk without having to read any other record The dis advantage here is that all records have to be a fixed size though field length Continued on page 19 SOFTWARE FOR OSI EXPLANATION OF LISTING CODES BASIC Version No Minimum computer 1 SB SBII C1P C2 4P 4 C4P 8 C8P 0 C2 30EM D C2 3 D 2 C200 C3A B 3 C300 Minimum Storage required C Cassette 5 5 1 4 MF 8 8 FD 7 CD 7 2 CD 23 28 36 74 digit following indicates number of devices required Systems Supported S Single User M Multi User H Hard Disk R Record Locking M record lock assumes multi user Two may be specified Software Support by D Dealer P Phone M Moden N None O Other Sold by A Author D Dealer M Mail order O Other Copies in Circulation No divided by 10 ie l Less than 11 11 100 110 Price Dollars only no cents tax shipp
63. rror conditions Copyright 1984 by PEEK 65 Inc All Rights Reserved published monthly Editor Eddie Gieske Technical Editor Brian Harston Circulation amp Advertising Mgr Karin Q Gieske Production Dept A Fusselbaugh Ginny Mays Subscription Rates Air Surface us 15 Canada amp Mexico 1st class 23 So amp Cen America 35 27 Europe 35 27 Other Foreign 40 27 All subscriptions are for 1 year and are payable in advance in US Dollars For back issues subscriptions change of address or other information write to PEEK 65 P 0 Box 347 Owings Mills MD 21117 301 363 3268 Mention of products by trade name in editorial materia or advertisements contained herein in no way constitutes en dorsements of the product or products by this magazine or the publisher error Figure 1 Error Reporting Routine from system manual 50000 PSN PEEK 11774 256 PEEK 11775 REM get error line 0010 EN PEEK 18176 REM gat error numbar 50020 IF EN 23 GOTO 50210 50030 50100 REM Decode BASIC Error REM 16 this a disk error 50110 Ze sCHRS PEEK 867 EN CHRS PEEK 868 EN REM error code 50120 ERS BASIC 28 Error in line STRS PSN 0130 GOTO 50310 0140 50200 REM Decode Disk Error 0210 EN PEEK 10226 REM get disk error number 50220 Z PEEK 9832 IF 22127 THEN Z Z 124 50230 ERS Device CHRS 65 Z IF Z gt 63 THEN 2 2 38
64. rsion but with a difference First of all the program is FAST So fast in fact that for short programs don t look away from the screen or you will miss the action Disk users create a file on disk to hold the new program of DATA statements Tape us ers add these two lines to the program 65 SAVE INPUT TAPE ON AS _ GOTO 98 135 POKE 517 08 END REM turn SAVE off Now how does it all work In Mand line 28 the value in variable 2 equals 1 13 1 i e the first value X as counted by Y in line 118 W the value of PEEK Y in line 139 This gives 15 data items per DATA line Variable s is the speech mark Lines 49 and 58 input the first and last RAM addresses of the program to be converted The Subroutine in line 188 con verts hex numbers to decimal numbers see Vol 2 6 pg 7 The program uses Device 5 to store commands and the new DATA program Device 5 is just a file in computer memory The action begins in line 798 First the command MEM 8 0 8000 prepares device 5 to a input to 8688 and b output from 8888 Second as soon as the command DISK I IO 12 is executed data can be printed to the file at 8608 and also to the screen The first command printed to Device 5 is NEW and this will be the first command to be read back and executed Next lines 98 to 138 print to the file the new BASIC program of DATA statements Lin
65. s an offset from locations 867 and 868 Table 1 relates the error num bers to the two character er ror codes and provides a brief description of each error con dition FLAG 9 and FLAG 23 commands are used to activate the line 5 error recovery rou tine If FLAG 9 is used only disk errors will be directed to the error routine BASIC errors will result in entry to the immediate mode after the system has displayed an error message FLAG 23 will make both BASIC and disk errors available to the error rou tine Note FLAG 23 must be specified in order to use the error recovery routine for handling printer not ready situations as this is treated by the system as a BASIC error Continued An error condition can be classified as being either re coverable or non recoverable Further we can consider non recoverable errors to be ei ther fatal or bypassable If the door of a disk drive is Open when the drive is access ed to OPEN a file a not ready condition occurs This is a recoverable error as the error routine can return to the line of the program being executed at the time the error was encountered and re attempt the file OPEN process after the operator has closed the door of the disk drive A syntax error is a non recoverable fatal error The error recovery routine may in form the operator of the er ror but it cannot resume pro gram execution An arithmetic overflow condi tion may be
66. s and disk errors to a routine at line 5 of a BASIC program was intro duced with release 1 3 of OS 65U This paper discusses the ways in which an recovery routine may be em ployed to either recover from a BASIC or disk error or report its occurrence It also presents a method which can be used to recognize a printer not ready condition and communicate with the operator Before proceeding it is nec essary to point out that the information contained in this paper is not based on an ex haustive study of how the many types of BASIC and disk errors could possibly be handled by an error recovery routine While the author has spent much time developing and test ing such routines he has not attempted to deal with all of the possible errors one might encounter when a program is executed Furthermore the applicability of the methods presented to releases of OS 65U other than 1 43 should be determined by the reader The reader is encouraged to re search the subject of error recovery and develop the rou tine s which best satisfy his her needs Hopefully this paper will serve as a good starting point for such research and development Figure 1 shows the routine the system manuals present as an example of how to decode BASIC and disk errors This is an error reporting routine not a recovery routine It shows the memory locations which contain the data the program mer needs in order to identify e
67. s released a simple key down detector it may remain low for a specified length of time a strobe or it may even generate an auto repeat such as a l mil lisecond strobe a one half second delay and then more 1 ms strobes every 33 ms while the key is depressed Such things as key debouncing and multiple key conflicts are as sumed to be handled by the hardware Such an intelligent keyboard 194 195 196 197 FEED 198 FEFO 199 FEF2 200 FEF3 201 FEF6 202 FEF8 203 FEF9 PHH WHUNHOWDJVAVBAWNH 0000 02002 0201 0203 02054 PER Ree wo tans 0206 020F 0212s NNNN Wwe oO NN HD yauna A628 A633 BDlle BF15 BF222 BF2Ds WWNHND HOV www awn D0002 35 DF0l 36 FC00 37 FE00 39 FFOO 41 FFOO 42 FFO1 43 PFO3 44 FFO4 45 FFO7 46 FF09 47 FFOC 48 FFOP 49 FP12 50 FF15 51 FF18 55 FF1B 56 FF1D 57 FF20 58 FF23 59 FF26 60 PF29 61 FF2C 62 PF2F 63 FF32 64 FF35 65 FF38 66 FF3B 67 FF3C 71 PF3E 72 FR41 73 FF43 74 FF46 75 FF47 79 PR49 80 FF4C 81 PF4E 82 FFSO 84 FF53 85 FFS5 86 FFS7 88 FFSA LISTING 1 ASCII Keyboard Input 7 AD01DF HFEED LDA KEYBRD Test keyboard port 30FB BMI HFEED No key is down 48 PHA 1 Key is down save it ADOIDF HFEF3 LDA KEYBRD Loop until flag is 10FB BPL HFEF3 clear 68 PLA 3 Then regain char 60 RTS and go home LISTING 2 pk kkk kkk kkkkkkk kk kkkkkkkkakkk ikkkkk pha kkk kk C4P BOOT ROM PAGE 1 we
68. sk of searching for a method to control inventory Previous experience had made it apparent that his inventory was the largest asset in his business Its proper manage ment would be first and fore most if he wanted a good bottom line The better part of Fred s second year in business was spent talking to numerous com puter vendors software hous es and service bureaus dis cussing the various methods of retail management I must have checked out two dozen different systems explained Fred Probably the most neg ative aspect of buying your own computer system is sticker shock Like so many other retailers with personal com puters being so popular he felt he should be able to solve all his data processing problems for 5000 I was looking for a system that would permit us to make an entry once at point of sale and not have to touch it again Fred recalls Cash registers as their name im plies handle cash and keep totals on a limited number of departments or classifica tions A retail manager needs to know more specifically which items sell fastest and further in what sizes sty les and colors For years retailers have struggled with cash registers That s all that was available to handle a retail sale Since a large portion of the transactions involved only cash they were quite ade quate Sportline s business comprises many types of trans actions inclu ing cash char ges lay aw
69. t O O O TIME amp TASK PLANNER 1 3 0 82 MH P D 2 300 Author JOHN HUNTLEY 106 E STATE ST HASTINGS MI 49058 Seller LTD 3223 BROSS ROAD HASTINGS MI 49058 A PERSONAL SUCCESS TOOL DEFINED DAILY SCHEDULER USER TO FUTURE PLANNING LIST WORK SHEETS AND PRINTED CALEN DARS FOR ANY MOS OR YEAR SE PARATE FILES FOR 5 USERS 5400 APPTS VERY EASY TO USE BUT FLEXIBLE FULL SUPPORT 30 DAY RETURN PRIV YOU LL NEVER USE DESK TOP CALENDARS AGAIN CAPITAL NEEDS ANALYSIS 8 81 S D A 1 49 Author WAYNE R COLE CLU 885 CHUMLEIGH RD BALTIMORE MD 21212 Seller SAME 1 ILLUSTRATE THE NEED FOR NEW LIFE INSURANCE BY ANALYZING THE INCOME POTENTIAL FROM THE CLIENTS OTHER ASSETS IT SHOWS THE NEEDS UP AND THROUGH THE YOUNGEST CHILD S COLLEGE AND FOR THE SURVIVING SPOUSES LIFE THEREAFTER DMS KP FIELD CHANGE 1 42 0 81 S P A 1 15 Author KENNETH PORTER P O BOX 1883 SPRINGFIELD VA 22151 Seller SAME ALLOWS YOU TO CHANGE CONTENTS OF ANY DMS FIELD IN A SPECI FIED REC RANGE CAN CHANGE DE PENDING ON THAT FLDS CONTENTS IF CITY FLD W THEN MAKE IT WASHINGTON OR IT CAN BE CHANGED UNCONDITIONALLY ALL STATE FLDS TO VA SET REQ S 11 EXT INPUT SEND 1 06 amp SASE FOR HYPOTHET USES DMS KP HORIZTL MASTR FILE DUMP 1 42 0 81 S P A 1 39 Author KENNETH PORTER P O BOX 1883 SPRINGFIELD VA 22151 Seller SAME PROVIDES A HORIZONTAL FORMAT TED
70. te how the error recovery routine might handle the same error differ ently depending upon the cir cumstances in which the error was encountered Note that first two times an incorrect password was entered the error routine did not return to the program state ment in which the error was detected the OPEN command but rather to the password entry routine Upon entry to the error re covery routine the number of the program statement being executed at the time of error can be determined as shown in The error rou tine has the options of re turning to this program state Ment number GOTO PSN in our example to re try the opera tion or of proceeding else where to the password entry routine as in the example Suppose in our example Figure 2 the disk drive was not ready when the OPEN was is sued The error routine would inform the operator the was not ready then return to the statement in which the OPEN command was issued after the operator acknowledged the drive had been readied drive When designing error recovery routines there are some impor tant items to be kept in mind to avoid unintended or even disasterous results in later processing Among these are 1 The error routine cannot return to the command in struction executed upon en countering an error Instead the return is to a program statement number All instruc tions in the program line will be re executed The question
71. tems special orders special stock orders changes in account balances new and changed records and summary of merchandise sold Provision has been made for restarts to handle disk er rors However a power fail ure will cause severe problems if backup was not done prior to processing Vendor orders to restock the warehouse are automatically generated when inventory files are updated Whenever an item goes below minimum the order file is checked to see if an order has been started for the vendor If one exists the part number is then added If none exists one is created This feature allows instant inspection of all pending or ders and their dollar value 20 Vendor records contain the minimum order value to get prepaid freight While in specting pending orders dol lar value is compared to mini mum when equal or greater order is highlighted with re verse video Orders can be changed manually at any time prior to ordering When order is complete it is printed and posted to master inventory Posting lets inventory know that stock has been ordered i e don t order again Auto matic generation of orders Saves countless hours in re cord keeping checking stock and of course more accuracy Master inventory contains fields for two vendors pri Mary and secondary minimum order quantity three order quantity levels and prices broken package price sales per month for twelve months sales per year for
72. th long task that he discovered considerable infor mation about his own inven tory It certainly forces you to become a better businessman because you must think about your costs selling prices and gross margins on each product Further he found it hard to believe some of the items the store was carrying as inven tory The first item on the agenda after the computer contained the entire inven tory was to have a huge sale to dump merchandise that had been around for years The computer has had two noticeable effects on Sport line s relationship with ven dors and manufacturers First Jacobsen claims that it helps him work closer with each vendor in determining which items and quantities he should be stocking Prior to imple menting this system every thing was a guess For example a warm up suit vendor might recommend a size stock ing ratio of 2 4 4 2 small medium large extra large But due to an individual dealer s demographics he might really be selling a ratio more like 1 3 5 1 With active wear warm ups four suits could represent 20 800 over a year Secondly the item and vendor ranking re ports which list dollar sales volume by item or vendor for a range of weeks or months are useful in planning what to advertise Customer reaction to the computer is both positive and negative A much more profes sional attitude is presented when a customer recieves a computerized sales ticket or invoi
73. tine inc p o box 7276 denver co 80207 phone 303 428 0222 GOOD SOFTWARE MAKES THE SALE THEN THE HARDWARE BETTER DO IT S JOB MULTIUSER COMPUTER SYSTEMS HAVE A NEW STANDARD OF PERFORMANCE THE DBI MICRO THE NEW DB MICRO COMPUTER SYSTEM SURPASSES ALL OF YOUR EXPECTATIONS FOR MULTIUSER SYSTEMS IN FACT OUR SYSTEM IS SO GOOD WE REFER TO IT AS A MAINFRAME AND WE CAN PROVE IT EACH USER HAS IT S OWN PROCESSOR EACH PROCESSOR HAS 64K OF RAM THE DBI MICRO CAN HAVE OVER ONE MEGABYTE OF SYSTEM MEMORY AND UP TO 160 MEGABYTES OF HARD DISK MEMORY THERE S MORE DUAL FLOPPY DRIVES WITH OVER 5 MEGABYTES FOUR RS 232 PORTS FOR PRINTERS OR MODEMS TWO CENTRONICS PORTS UP TO TWENTY SLOTS FOR EXPANSION REAL TIME CLOCK WITH DAY CF WEEK EXTREMELY QUIET OPERATION LOW POWER CONSUMPTION NO SPECIAL OUTLETS NEEDED EXPANSION 18 SIMPLE UP TO SIXTEEN USERS CAN BE EASILY ACCOMMODATED THE POWER SUPPLY AND COOLING SYSTEM HAVE BEEN DESIGNED TO ALLOW EASY PLUG IN EXPANSION ITIS FAST THE DB MICRO IS A TRUE MULTIUSER SYSTEM NO USER IS A SLAVE THAT MAKES THE SYSTEM VERY FAST AND INEXPENSIVE SYSTEMS START AT THE SUGGESTED LIST OF 4995 00 i SO IF YOU NEED HARDWARE THAT MAKES YOUR SOFTWARE LOOK GOOD CALL ON US CALL YOUR DBI DISTRIBUTOR OR CALL US DIRECT OS G5u IS A TRADEMARK OF OHIO SCIENTIFIC INC return the printer driver at tempts
74. to send the print line data to the printer If this is unsuccessful the timing loop is entered If the entry is CONTROL C a BASIC error NR occurs error number 4 Interesting NR just might stand for Not Ready Since this is a BASIC error why not use the error recovery routine to communi cate printer status to operator rather than sounding the terminal alarm to signal a not ready printer it is operator Quite obviously to require the to enter CONTROL C to generate a printer not ready message It use would be preferable to CONTROL C to terminate or interrupt the printing pro cess and a carriage return to proceed or re try printing the line Figure modification to the printer driver which forces a BASIC error number 4 causing entry into the error recovery rou tine whenever the timing loop expires If a CONTROL C is entered before expiration it can be acknowledged when con trol is passed to the error routine Figure 4 is an exam ple of using the error ery routine with the printer In this example used to cause entry interrupt routine or possibly the program termination pro cess See the article en titled Printed Report Check pointing and Restart for OS 65U in the Nov 1983 issue of PEEK 65 for a discussion con cerning the use of an inter rupt routine with report printing FLAG 25 is set to permit the program to indent ify that a CONTROL C has entered and determine how it
75. ve not shifted Under OS65D 5 errors are displayed for any disk write and the format program on HEXDOS hangs up at line 2686 during a disk write obviously because the track header does not match the target track number I am currently at my wits end and desperately need any in formation or advice that you could give me that would help me solve this problem C J Hipsher ICC New York NY 09565 CJ While I can t comment directly on your problem one thing you should be aware of is that ac cording to the factory OSI s are very very vulnerable to salt in the air near the ocean At first glance the track headers you report are so fouled up as to defy rea son The bit patterns of the numbers reported don t fall into a discernable pattern which would lead me to suspect noise as opposed to an out and out hardware failure We in the software game have a term for this sucker s broke Aloha Rick Tretheway Readers If any one else can help please write to us Peek Staff kek k k ED In the Sept 1983 issue of PEEK 65 you replied to Steve Rydgig s inquiry about FORTH by saying that FORTH was fast logically organized and ap pealing to hard core hackers but about as hard to program in as ASSEMBLY language Although I agree with your re marks in general I would respectfully take issue with your last comment regarding difficulty in programming AS a long time FORTH user I c

Vol 5 No 11

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