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W406-LX User`s Manual v1

1. and rated 12 48 VDC 1200 mA 12 VDC 580mA 48 VDC minimum requirements Connecting the W406 LX to a PC There are two ways to connect the W406 LX to a PC through the serial console port or via Telnet over the network Or you can use a monitor connected to the VGA output of the W406 LX to connect directly to the computer Serial Console Port The serial console port gives users a convenient way of connecting to W406 LX This method is particularly useful when using the computer for the first time Serial console port is useful for connecting W406 LX so you do not need to know its IP address in order to connect to the serial console port Use the serial console port settings shown below Baudrate 115200 bps Parity None Data bits 8 Stop bits 1 Flow Control None Terminal VT100 2 2 W406 LX User s Manual Getting Started Once the connection is established the following window will open m Tera Term COM3 YT File Edit Setup Control Window Help drivers usb serial usb serial c USB Serial Driver core mice PS 2 mouse device common for all mice registered new interface driver hiddev registered new interface driver usbhid drivers hid usbhid hid core c v2 8 USB HID core driver TCP cubic registered NET Registered protocol family 1 NET Registered protocol family 17 NET Registered protocol family 15 VFS Mounted root jffs2 filesystem readonly Generic STORAGE DEVICE 9
2. LANI 192 168 2 171 LAN2 192 168 8 173 Internet LANI 192 168 8 174 LANI 192 168 4 172 LAN2 192 168 4 174 local net Host A B represents one of the machines that belongs to OpenVPN A B The two remote subnets are configured for a different range of IP addresses When this setup is moved to a public network the external interfaces of the OpenVPN machines should be configured for static IPs or connect to another device such as a firewall or DSL box first openvpn genkey secret secrouter key Copy the file that is generated to the OpenVPN machine 2 Generate a script file named openvpn bridge on each OpenVPN machine This script reconfigures interface eth1 as IP less creates logical bridge s and TAP interfaces loads modules enables IP forwarding etc bin sh iface ethl defines the internal interface maxtap expr 1 defines the number of tap devices I e of tunnels IPADDR NETMASK BROADCAST it is not a great idea but this system doesn t support etc sysconfig network scripts ifcfg ethl ifcfg vpn t while read f1 f2 f3 f4 r3 do if f1 iface a f2 iface a f3 inet a f4 static then i expr 0 while do if i gt 5 then break fi i expr i 1 read f1 f2 case fl in 4 21 W406 LX User s Manual Managing Communications address IPADDR f2 Fr netmask NETMASK f2 ar broadcast BROADCAST f2 P esac do
3. Software Lock Software Lock is an innovative technology developed by the Moxa engineering force It can be adopted by a system integrator or developer to protect his applications from being copied An applicaion is compiled into a binary format bound to the embedded computer and the operating system OS that the application runs on As long as one obtains it from the computer he she can install it into the same hardware and the same operating system The add on value created by the developer is thus lost Moxa engineering force has developed this protection mechanism for your applications via data encryption The binary file associated with each of your applications needs to undergo an additional encryption process after you have developed it The process requires you to install an encryption key in the target computer 1 Choose an encryption key e g ABigKey and install it in the target computer by a preutility program setkey setkey ABigKey Note set an empty string to clear the encryption key in the target computer by setkey o 2 Develop and compile your program in the development PC 3 Inthe development PC run the utility program binencryptor to encrypt your program with an encryption key binencryptor yourProgram A BigKey 4 Upload the encrypted program file to the target computerby FTP or NFS and test the program The encryption key is a computer wise key That is to say a computer has onl
4. ttables Table to manipulate default filter example nat or filter L chain ListList all rules in selected chains If no chain is selected all chains are listed n Numeric output of addresses and ports iptables t tables FXZ F Flush the selected chain all the chains in the table if none is listed X Delete the specified user defined chain Z Set the packet and byte counters in all chains to zero Examples iptables L n In this example since we do not use the t parameter the system uses the default filter table Three chains are included INPUT OUTPUT and FORWARD INPUT chains are accepted automatically and all connections are accepted without being filtered iptables F iptables X iptables Z Define policy for chain rules Usage iptables t tables P INPUT OUTPUT FORWARD PREROUTING OUTPUT POSTROUTING ACCEPT DROP P Set the policy for the chain to the given target INPUT For packets coming into the W406 LX OUTPUT For locally generated packets FORWARD For packets routed out through the W406 LX PREROUTING To alter packets as soon as they come in POSTROUTING To alter packets as they are about to be sent out Examples iptables P INPUT DROP iptables P OUTPUT ACCEPT iptables P FORWARD ACCEPT iptables t nat P PREROUTING ACCEPT iptables t nat P OUTPUT ACCEPT iptables t nat P POSTROUTING ACCEPT 4 9 W406 LX User s Manual Managing Comm
5. Linux or Windows LANI 192 168 3 127 24 Embedded Computer LAN2 192 168 4 127 24 IP Netmask 192 168 4 100 24 Gateway 192 168 4 127 D JA nA UU FWD PB NAT Area Private IP echo 1 gt proc sys net ipv4 ip forward modprobe ip_tables modprobe iptable_ filter modprobe ip_conntrack modprobe iptable_nat modprobe ipt_MASQUERADE iptables t nat A POSTROUTING o eth0 j SNAT to source 192 168 3 127 iptables t nat A POSTROUTING o eth0 s 192 168 3 0 24 j MASQUERADE Enabling NAT at Bootup In most real world situations you will want to use a simple shell script to enable NAT when the W406 LX boots up The following script is an example bin bash If you put this shell script in the home nat sh Remember to chmod 744 home nat sh Edit the rc local file to make this shell startup automatically vi etc rc d rc local Add a line in the end of rc local home nat sh EXIF ethO This is an external interface for setting up a valid IP address EXNET 192 168 4 0 24 This is an internal network address Step 1 Insert modules Here 2 dev null means the standard error messages will be dump to null device modprobe modprobe modprobe modprobe modprobe modprobe Step 2 ip tables 2 dev null ip nat ftp 2 dev null ip nat irc 2 dev null ip conntrack 2 dev null ip conntrack ftp 2 dev null ip conntrack irc 2 dev null Define variables e
6. Network File System Setting up the W406 LX as an NFS Client Mail SNMP Package Management ipkg OpenVPN W406 LX User s Manual Managing Communications Telnet FTP DNS In addition to supporting Telnet client server and FTP client server the W406 LX also supports SSH and sftp client server To enable or disable the Telnet ftp server you first need to edit the file etc inetd conf Enabling the Telnet ftp server The following example shows the default content of the file etc inetd conf The default is to enable the Telnet ftp server discard dgram udp wait root bin discard discard stream tcp nowait root bin discard ftp stream tcp nowait root bin ftpd 1 ssh stream tcp nowait root bin sshd i f etc config ssh sshd config telnet stream tcp nowait root bin telnetd Disabling the Telnet ftp server Disable the daemon by typing in front of the first character of the row to comment out the line The W406 LX supports DNS client but not DNS server To set up DNS client you need to edit three configuration files etc hosts etc resolv conf and etc nsswitch conf etc hosts This is the first file that the Linux system reads to resolve the host name and IP address etc resolv conf This is the most important file that you need to edit when using DNS for the other programs For example before you use ntpdate time nist gov to update the system time you will need to add the DNS server address to
7. The value of duration must be a multiple of 20 ms define DIO OK 0 The definition for DIN and DOUT define DIO HIGH 1 define DIO LOW 0 int set_dout_state int doport int state Description To set the DOUT port to high or low state Input int doport which DOUT port you want to set Port starts from 0 to 3 int state to set high or low state DIO HIGH 1 for high DIO LOW 0 for low Output none Return reference the error code int get din state int diport int state Description To get the DIN port state Input int diport get the current state of which DIN port Port numbering is from 0 to 3 int state save the current state Output state DIO HIGH 1 for high DIO LOW 0 for low Return reference the error code int get dout state int doport int state Description To get the DOUT port state Input int doport get the current state of which DOUT port int state save the current state Output state DIO HIGH 1 for high DIO LOW 0 for low Return reference the error code 6 5 W406 LX Linux User s Manual Programmer s Guide int set_din_event int diport void func int diport int mode long int duration Description Set the event for DIN when the state is changed from high to low or from low to high Input int diport the port that will be used to detect the DIN event Port numbering is from 0 to 3 void func int diport Not NULL gt Returns the call bac
8. echo shutdown openvpn bridge ifcfg vpn i expr 0 while do disconnect tap device from the bridge brctl delif br0 tap i openvpn rmtun dev tap i i expr i 1 if i ge maxtap then break fi done brctl delif br0 iface brctl delbr brO0 ifconfig br0 down ifconfig iface SIPADDR netmask NETMASK broadcast BROADCAST killall TERM openvpn case 1 in start start D I stop stop restart stop start 7 echo Usage 0 start stop restart exit 1 esac exit 0 Create link symbols to enable this script at boot time ln s etc openvpn openvpn bridge etc rc d rc3 d S32vpn br for example ln s etc openvpn openvpn bridge etc rc d rc6 d K32vpn br for example 4 23 W406 LX User s Manual Managing Communications 3 Create a configuration file named A tap0 br conf and an executable script file named A tap0 br sh on OpenVPN A point to the peer remote 192 168 8 174 dev tap0 secret etc openvpn secrouter key cipher DES EDE3 CBC auth MD5 tun mtu 1500 tun mtu extra 64 ping 40 up etc openvpn A tap0 br sh bin sh value after net is the subnet behind the remote peer route add net 192 168 4 0 netmask 255 255 255 0 dev br0 d end Create a configuration file named B tap0 br conf and an executable script file named B tap0 br sh on OpenVPN B point to the peer remote 192 168 8 173
9. root SW lt kblockd 0 root SW lt khubd root SW lt kseriod root SW pdflush root SW pdflush root kswapd0 root aio 0 740 root bes ts fststdeh EE scsi_eh_1 788 root usb storage T99 root epeioay ti 813 root eser ere mee POETOE 1392 smsd 929 root 1360 bin inetd 937 TOE 17559008 usr bin httpd k start d etc apache 940 bin T2005 bin portmap 943 root 2460 S bin sh login 948 root 1350 S bin snmpd 954 root LOC S bin egprsagent 955 root 128009 bin reportip 958 root 1536 S sbin getty 115200 ttyl 969 nobody 12604 S usr bin httpd k start d etc apache S S S S ENEE E eee 970 nobody 12604 usr bin httpd k start d etc apache 971 nobody 12604 usr bin httpd k start d etc apache 972 nobody 12604 usr bin httpd k start d etc apache 973 nobody 12604 usr bin httpd k start d etc apache 1510 voor 1276 8 tmp tcpserver AL SyILAL zeen 2164 R ps root Moxa Setting the Run Level In this section we outline the steps you should take to set the Linux run level and execute requests Use the following command to enable or disable settings root8Moxa ect rc d rc3 d4 1s S20snmpd S99showreadyled S99rmnologin rootG8Moxa etc rc d rc3 df cd etc rc d init d Edit a shell script to execute root tcps2 release and save to teps2 as an example cd etc rc d rc3 d 1n s etc rc d init d tcps2 S60tcps2 SxxRUNFILE stands for S start the run file while linux boots up xx a numbe
10. 193 192 1683 193 220 TYPSOft FIP Server 1 10 ready Name CLS iets S ILS Sr arstexonE S root 331 Password required for root Password 230 User root logged in Remote system type is UNIX Using binary mode to transfer files ftp gt cd newsw 250 CWD command successful C ftproot newsw is current directory ftp bin 200 Type set to I incer dus 200 Port command successful 150 Opening data connection for directory list drw rw rw JL segs Ee O 20 X003 drw rw rw dL Nes EEA O Now 30 10 03 EWEEN ENE AL oeo Eaa MSEE Wow 2S 29 W406 x x x hfm 226 Transfer complete ftp get W406 x x x hfm local W406 x hfim remote W406 x x x hfm 200 Port command successful W406 LX User s Manual Managing Embedded Linux 150 Opening data connection for W406 x x x hfm 226 Transfer complete 13167772 bytes received in 2 17 secs 5925 8 kB s tsp 3 Next use the upgradehfm command to upgrade the kernel and root file system upgradehfm W406 x x x hfm 192 168 3 127 PUTTY root Moxa mnt ramdisk upgradehfm W406 x x x hfm Moxa W406 upgrade firmware utility version 1 0 To check source firmware file context The source firmware file context is OK This step will destroy all your firmware Continue 2 DIN a w Now upgrade the file kernel Format MTD device dev mtdl MID device dev mtd1 erase 128 Kibyte 1C0000 100 complete Wait to write file Compleleted 100 Now upgrade the f
11. Getting Started Installing the Tool Chain Linux The Linux Operating System must be pre installed in the PC before installing the W406 LX GNU Tool Chain Fedora core or compatible versions are recommended The Tool Chain requires approximately 1 GB of hard disk space on your PC The W406 LX Tool Chain software is located on the W406 LX CD To install the Tool Chain insert the CD into your PC and then issue the following commands mount dev cdrom mnt cdrom dish mnt cdrom toolchain arm linux x x sh where x x indicates the version of the Tool Chain The Tool Chain will be installed automatically on your Linux PC within a few minutes Before compiling the program be sure to set the following path first since the Tool Chain files including the compiler link and library are located in this directory PATH usr local arm linux bin PATH Setting the path allows you to run the compiler from any directory Checking the Flash Memory Space NOTE If the flash memory is full you will not be able to save data to the Flash ROM Use the following command to calculate the amount of Available flash memory df h Tera Term COM VT File Edit Setup Control Window Help Ik blocks 13312 3440 13312 3440 1003 433 16384 14052 16384 14052 16384 14052 IL mpf s 61348 0 61348 rootBMoxa t root Bhoxa root BMoxa t rootBMoxa H root BMoxa Z If there isn t enough Available space for your ap
12. Manual Programmer s Guide 1 from high to low DIN_EVENT_LOW_TO_HIGH 0 from low to high DIN_EVENT_CLEAR 1 clear this event duration The value of duration should be 0 or 40 lt duration lt 3600000 milliseconds Return reference the error code Special Note Don t forget to link the library libmoxalib for DI DO programming and also include the header file moxadevice h The DI DO library only can be used by one program at a time Examples DIO Program Source Code File Example File Name tdio c Description The program indicates to connect DOI to DII change the digital output state to high or low by manual input then detect and count the state changed events from DII include lt stdio h gt include lt stdlib h gt include lt moxadevice h gt include fcntl h ifdef DEBUG define dbg printf x printf x else define dbg_printf x endif define MIN_DURATION 40 static char DataString 2 Low High static void hightolowevent int diport printf nDIN port d high to low n diport static void lowtohighevent int diport printf nDIN port d low to high n diport int main int argc char argv int i j state retval unsigned long duration while 1 printf nSelect a number of menu other key to exit n 1 set high to low event n 6 7 W406 LX Linux User s Manual Programmer s Guide get now data n set low
13. The following example does not check the username and password pPPd dev ttyMO 115200 crtscts modem 192 168 16 1 192 168 16 2 1 Connect W406 LX s LAN port to an ADSL modem with a cross over cable HUB or switch 2 Log into the W406 LX as the root user 3 Edit the file etc ppp chap secrets and add the following username Ghinet net password TP addmesses username hinet nei password chap secrets line 1 of 3 33 username Ghinet net is the username obtained from the ISP to log in to the ISP account password is the corresponding password for the account 4 15 W406 LX User s Manual Managing Communications 4 Edit the file etc ppp pap secrets and add the following username hinet net password password if you don t use the login option of pppd The mgetty Debian package already provides this option make sure you don t change that INBOUND connections Every regular user can use PPP and has to use passwords from etc passwd o username hinet net password UserIDs that cannot use PPP at all Check your etc passwd and add any other accounts that should not be able to use pppd guest hostname a master hostname E root hostname support hostname stats hostname OUTBOUND connections Here you should add your userid password to connect to your providers via PAP The means that the password is to be used for ANY host you connec
14. We strongly suggest that you should back up your application files and data before updating the firmware 3 2 W406 LX User s Manual Managing Embedded Linux Since different Flash disks have different sizes it s a good idea to check the size of your Flash disk before upgrading the firmware or before using the disk to store your application and data files Use the a h command to list the size of each memory block and how much free space is available in each block root Moxa et Filesystem Size Used Available Use Mounted on Rootfs 8 6M 7 8M 888 0k 205 ff dev root 8 6M 7 8M 888 0k 90 dev ram3 TOO 9 0k 943 0k 1 dev dev ram0 499 0k 18 0k 456 0k 4 var 5 0M 3 8M 1 2M 75 tmp ol 3 8M Lo AM 75 home 50 3 8M 1 2M 75 etc 14 4M 0 14 4M 0 dev shm dL SM il 4 Ok 14 7M 0 var ramdisk root Moxa cd mnt ramdisk root Moxa mnt ramdisk M M The following instructions give the steps required to save the firmware file to the W406 LX s RAM disk and how to upgrade the firmware 1 Type the following commands to enable the RAM disk upramdisk cd mnt ramdisk 2 Type the following commands to use the W406 LX s built in FTP client to transfer the firmware file W406 x x x hfm from the PC to the W406 LX mnt ramdisk ftp destination PC s IP Login Name xxxx Login Password xxxx ftp bin ftp get W406 x x x hfm root Moxa mnt ramdisk ftp 192 168 3 193 Connected to 192 165 3
15. computer does not have an actual IP address REDIRECT a special form of DNAT that re sends packets to a local host independent of the destination IP address C Mangle Table includes the following chains INPUT mangles packets after they have been routed but before they are actually sent to the processing machine FORWARD nmangles the packet after the initial routing decision but before the last routing decision prior to sending the packet the out PREROUTING chain pre processes packets before the routing process OUTPUT chain processes packets after the routing process It has three extensions TTL MARK and TOS 4 6 W406 LX User s Manual Managing Communications The following figure shows the IPTABLES hierarchy Incoming Packets Mangle Table PREROUTING Chain NAT Table PREROUTING Chain Local Host Packets Mangle Table INPUT Chain Other Host Packets Mangle Table FORWARD Chain Filter Table FORWARD Chain Filter Table INPUT Chain Local Process Mangle Table OUTPUT Chain NAT Table OUTPUT Chain Filter Table OUTPUT Chain Mangle Table POSTROUTING Chain NAT Table POSTROUTING Chain Outgoing Packets 4 7 W406 LX User s Manual Managing Communications The W406 LX supports the following sub modules Be sure to use the module that matches your application ip_queue ipt REDIRECT ipt ah iptable filt
16. in etc chatscripts apn_list Si Tera Term COM3 YT File Edit Setup Control Window Help Jroot Moxa Jl ezprscmd autoconf IGPRS Module was Registered to Home work APN internet rootBMoxa t root BMoxa tt root Blosen 7 root Moxa ft rootBMoxa ZU root Moxa ZE rootBMoxa 1t rootBMoxa ZU root BMoxa CH rootBMoxa ZE rootBMoxa ZU root Moxa 1t W406 LX User s Manual Getting Started I Tera Term COM VT File Edit Setup Control Window Help root Boa Jl ezprscmd autoconf Incorrect PIN Input PIN 1111 IGPRS Module was Registered to Home work APN internet rootBMoxa ZU root Bloe CH root BHoxa ZU root Boa lt root BHoxa 1 rootBMoxa 1t root Bloe 7 rootBMoxa Zi root Boa 7 Connecting to the Internet Use egprscmd connect to connect to the Internet Please wait a few seconds GPRS connection succesfully established root BMoxa t Disconnecting from the Internet Use egprscmd disconnect to disconnect from the Internet Please note that you can only use this command when the W406 is disconnected from the Internet pm Edit Setup Control Window Help TX packets 170 errors 0 rt ai 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0 txqueuelen 1000 RX bytes 548755 535 8 KiB TX bytes 12658 12 3 KiB rootBMoxa 7 rootBMoxa 7 root Boa Jl ezprscmd disconnect Stopping PPP daemon Succesfully disconnected root BMoxa 2 9 W406 LX User s Manual Getting S
17. mode Argument 3 mode will return the interface mode There are two Moxa private ioctl commands for setting up special baudrates Function MOXA SET SPECIAL BAUD RATE Function MOXA GET SPECIAL BAUD RATE If you use this ioctl to set a special baudrate the termios cflag will be B4000000 in which case the B4000000 define will be different If the baudrate you get from termios or from calling tcgetattr is B4000000 you must call ioctl with MOXA GET SPECIAL BAUD RATE to get the actual baudrate 6 3 W406 LX Linux User s Manual Programmer s Guide Example to set the baudrate include lt moxadevice h gt include lt termios bs struct termios term int fd speed fd open dev ttyM0 O_RDWR tcgetattr fd amp term term c_cflag amp CBAUD CBAUDEX term c_cflag B4000000 tcsetattr fd TCSANOW amp term speed 500000 ioctl fd MOXA SET SPECIAL BAUD RATE amp speed Example to get the baudrate include moxadevice h include termios h struct termios term int fd speed fd open dev ttyMO O_RDWR tcgetattr fd amp term if term c_cflag amp CBAUD CBAUDEX B4000000 follow the standard termios baud rate define else ioctl fd MOXA GET SPECIAL BAUD RATE amp speed Baudrate inaccuracy Divisor 921600 Target Baud Rate Only Integer part ENUM 8 921600 Target Divisor Round up or down Inaccuracy Target Baud Ra
18. s address box to open the homepage E g type http 192 168 13 23 in the address box Z http 192 168 13 23 Microsoft Internet Explorer DEAR File Edit View Favorites Tools Help ay Qe ME amp DN E f DO search Sf Favorites g Gk ds Ki Address http 192 168 13 23 y cn Links S Internet 4 3 W406 LX User s Manual Managing Communications To open the default CGI page type http 192 168 13 23 cgi bin test cgi in your browser s address box 4B http 192 168 13 23 cgi bin test cgi Microsoft Internet Explorer Qe M EN Ei Kei x Search S Favorites L od a X s http 192 168 13 23 cgi binjtest cgi vi a Go Links CGI 1 0 test script report argc is 0 argv is SERVER SOFTWARE Apache 2 1 6 Unix mod ssl 2 1 6 OpenSSL 0 9 8 PHP 5 0 5 SERVER NAME 192 168 13 23 GATEWAY INTERFACE CGI 1 1 SERVER PROTOCOL HTTP 1 1 SERVER PORT 80 REQUEST METHOD GET HTTP ACCEPT image gif image x xbitmap image jpeg image pjpeg application x shockwave flash PATH INFO PATH TRANSLATED SCRIPT NAME cgi bin test cgi QUERY STRING REMOTE HOST REMOTE_ADDR 192 168 13 25 REMOTE_USER AUTH_TYPE CONTENT TYPE CONTENT LENGTH gt Done Internet NOTE The CGI function is enabled by default If you want to disable the function modify the file etc apache conf httpd conf When you develop your own CGI application make sure your CGI file is execut
19. te eda d d 4 6 KE KEE 4 10 W SSE 4 11 Enabling NAT at BOOP eene ener nennen terrere 4 11 Dial up Servite NN niue hale ae HAGA MAA gen A Am oS DE 4 12 PPPOE 4 HEU pite muiten m eme 4 15 Chapter 5 Chapter 6 Chapter 7 Appendix A Mlle esee ub oii eee ibis aan aces ein el et 4 18 SNMP n i Sx sessed Eegen leede eer Eed teense 4 19 Package Management ipkg sese enne enne nennen trennen rene enne 4 19 Op nV BIN ier tie o eee ete ed n eta 4 20 Development Tool Chains 1eeeeeeeeeee eren nennen nnne 5 1 Linux Tool Ch m n odantee hus aet ede eI ee teer ed ia eg 5 2 Steps for Installing the Linux Tool Chain eee 5 2 Compilation for Applications esee rennen nennen neret 5 2 On Line Debugging with OD AEN 5 3 Programmer s G ulge 5 bici accorto m tetas icri eed 6 1 Flash Memory Map ugeet Pr ie d iom EEES EEDE 6 2 Device H eener te gata et nat te rcd E E D e date ERR 6 2 REC Real Time Clock ees RARUS RERO A RUE ROBAR 6 2 hiv 2m 6 3 LBE RE 6 3 Digital La EE 6 5 nc qn 7 1 Syst m el ne rre m A 1 Linux normal command utility collecton nennen A 1 Fileman ger id ege dee RR AE ee A ERU ERI dee A 1 re A 1 Network Cake Ee EES A 1 Processio ento eam ORO ERE EO EE EE EE A 2 Other con ed eee beoe ana eec eite e aet ote ipte eoi ced A 2 1 Introduction The W406 LX is an embedd
20. the W406 LX Type upramdisk to get the free space ram disk to save the package Check that you have enough free space 192 168 3 127 EES root Moxa bin upramdisk root Moxa bin df h Filesystem Size Used Available Use Mounted on Rootfs 8 6M 888 0k 90 i dev root 8 6M 888 0k 90 dev ram3 1003 0k a 943 0k 1 dev dev ram0 499 0k E 456 0k 4 var dev mtdblock3 5 0M A 1 2M 76 tmp dev mtdblock3 5 0M z 2M 76 home dev mtdblock3 xe OM 12M 76 etc tmpfs 14 4M 0 dev shm dev ram1 BOK 14 7M 0 var ramdisk root Moxa bin To check that the dev raml1 free space is greater than 3 MB Install an ipk package via an ipk file Upload the ipk package to the Moxa embedded computer 192 168 3 120 Putty Moxa scp mnt cdrom utility_tools libmysqlclient5_5 1 23_arm ipk 192 168 3 127 mnt ramdisk Install the uploaded package 192 168 3 120 Putty ipkg cl install mnt ramdisk libmysqlclient5_5 1 23_arm ipk 4 19 W406 LX User s Manual Managing Communications 192 168 3 120 Putty Installing libmysqlclient5 5 1 23 to root Stopping web server apache ipkg extract_archive CONTROL Read only file system ipkg CONTROL postinst No such file or directory ipkg CONTROL postrm No such file or directory ipkg CONTROL prerm No such file or directory ipkg CONTROL preinst No such file or directory ipkg CONTROL control No such file or directory Configuring l
21. to high event n clear event n set high data n set low data n quit n o y Oo D WU N show event and duration n Choose retval 0 scanf d amp i if i 1 set high to low event printf Please keyin the DIN number scanf d amp i printf Please input the DIN duration this minimun value must be over d MIN DURATION scanf Slu amp duration retval set din event i hightolowevent DIN EVENT HIGH TO LOW duration else if i 2 get now data printf DIN data for j 0 j 4 j get din state j amp state printf s DataString state printf Nn printf DOUT data for j 0 j MAX DOUT PORT j get dout state j amp state printf s DataString state printf Nn else if i 3 set low to high event printf Please keyin the DIN number scanf d amp i printf Please input the DIN duration this minimun value must be over d MIN DURATION scanf 1u amp duration retval set_din_event i lowtohighevent DIN_EVENT_LOW_TO_HIGH duration else if i 4 clear event printf Please keyin the DIN number scanf d amp i retval set_din_event i NULL DIN EVENT CLEAR 0 else if i 5 set high data printf Please keyin the DOUT number 6 8 W406 LX Linux User s Manual Programmer s Guide scanf d amp i re
22. 129 67 1 165 icmp_seq 2 ttl 225 time 266 ms C 129 67 1 165 ping statistics 3 packets transmitted 3 packets received 0 packet loss round trip min avg max 247 260 268 ms Moxa Try typing netstat nr This should show three routes similar to the following Kernel routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use iface 129 67 1 165 0 0 0 0 255 255 255 255 UH 0 0 6 pppO 127 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 255 0 0 0 U 0 0 0 lo 0 0 0 0 129 67 1 165 0 0 0 0 UG 0 0 6298 pppO If your output looks similar but doesn t have the destination 0 0 0 0 line which refers to the default route used for connections you may have run pppd without the defaultroute option At this point you can try using Telnet or ftp bearing in mind that you ll have to use numeric IP addresses unless you ve set up etc resolv conf correctly 4 14 W406 LX User s Manual Managing Communications Setting up a Machine for Incoming PPP Connections PPPoE This first example applies to using a modem and requiring authorization with a username and password pPPd dev ttyMO 115200 crtscts modem 192 168 16 1 192 168 16 2 login auth You should also add the following line to the file etc ppp pap secrets ww The first star lets everyone login The second star lets every host connect The pair of double quotation marks is to use the file etc passwd to check the password The last star is to let any IP connect
23. 2f paie s a PHP Version 5 0 5 System Uru Mosa 2 5 9 uc0 1048 Tue May 9 155602 CST 2006 ameet lead Date amp r4 2008221206 Configure con guru bukia kan horteamnur argotean wth Command E fhama victar fa 240 24 1 source_code user apache instal_meibryanes wih ido mithrgattent e ere force cgredrect rete fPomefactar Ne 240 241 tourc codejusar pho initall rei withopened with gl 240 24 Livource_code verimeciinstal_ me with cortig fie path jete apache oho ahg home veto fae 240 2 Usource codefib ibyiinstal me weh teni dre nome veter fa 240 as source codefibfituri fecti ma Server ap poche 20 Minder Virtual mr Directory Gest Configuration erisgeretemen Hie phpani Path PP ADI EH PHP Extension 30041030 Zend Eegen 23040417 Debug fat Ji Thread Safety dti Zend Memory ontd Manager VG Support Legd GE ER e http ftp compress sib hetps Bee Streams Registered ico udp uris ud sil sav ah te Stream Socket Transports Thes program makes usa of the Zend Scpptng Langue Engne rm Zend Engne v2 15 Copyright c 1990 2004 Zend Ti PHP Credits Ej See 4 5 W406 LX User s Manual Managing Communications IPTABLES IPTABLES is an administrative tool for setting up maintaining and inspecting the Linux kernel s IP packet filter rule tables Several different tables are defined with each ta
24. 412 PQ 0 ANSI 0 Disable TCP IP Explicit Congestion Notification done Configuring network interfaces done Starting internet superserver inetd Starting web server apache Starting portmap daemon INIT Entering runlevel 3 root Boa ZU Starting snmpd rootBHoxa 7 Acquiring the IP Address of the W406 LX As the W406 LX uses the DHCP server to acquire the IP address for network connection please make sure you have the DHCP server ready When connecting to the W406 LX with serial console port use ifconfig eth0 to know the IP address of the W406 LX m Tera Term COM3 FT File Edit Setup Control Window Help rootBMoxa ZU rootBMoxa ZU root Blosen Z root Blosen Zt root BMoxa ZU rootBMoxa 7 root Blosen ZH root Blosen Z root BMoxa Wi ifconf ig eth eth k D addr 00 30 E8 00 00 40 MOTE RS P NNING MULTICAST MTU 1500 Metric i RX packets 20 errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0 TX packets 18 errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0 txqueuelen 1000 RX bytes 2032 1 9 KiB TX bytes 3730 3 8 KiB Interrupt 32 root BMoxa ft root Bioxa 7 root Blosen Z root Blosen Z root amp Moxa ZU rootBMoxa it li 2 3 W406 LX User s Manual Getting Started Please note that when you turn on a computer that is not connected to the local network or there is no DHCP server available it will take about 60 seconds for the system to perform the booting procedure Te
25. 60000 0x00260000 2 MB Kernel object code Read ONLY 0x00260000 0x00b00000 8 6 MB Root file system JFFS2 Read ONLY 0x00b00000 0x01000000 5MB User directory JFFS2 Read Write If the user file system is incorrect the kernel will change the root file system to the kernel and use the default Moxa file system To finish the boot process run the init program NOTE 1 The user file system is a complete file system Users can create and delete directories and files including source code and executable files as needed 2 Users can create the user file system on the PC host or target platform and then copy it to the W406 LX Device API The W406 LX supports control devices with the ioctl system API You will need to include moxadevice h and use the following ioctl function int ioctl int d int request Input int d open device node return file handle int request argument in or out Use the desktop Linux s man page for detailed documentation man ioctl RTC Real Time Clock The device node is located at dev rtc The W406 LX supports Linux standard simple RTC control You must include lt linux rtc h gt 1 Function RTC RD TIME int ioctl fd RTC RD TIME struct rtc time time Description read time information from RTC It will return the value on argument 3 2 Function RTC SET TIME int ioctl fd RTC SET TIME struct rtc time time Description set RTC time Argument 3 will be pass
26. Example 1 Connecting to a PPP server over a simple dial up connection The following command is used to connect to a PPP server by modem Use this command for old ppp servers that prompt for a login name replace username with the correct name and password replace password with the correct password Note that debug and defaultroute 192 1 1 17 are optional pppd connect chat v ATDT5551212 CONNECT ogin username word password dev ttyMO 115200 debug crtscts modem defaultroute If the PPP server does not prompt for the username and password the command should be entered as follows Replace username with the correct username and replace password with the correct password pppd connect chat v ATDT5551212 CONNECT user username password password dev ttyMO 115200 crtscts modem The pppd options are described below connect chat etc This option gives the command to contact the PPP server The chat program is used to dial a remote computer The entire command is enclosed in single quotes because pppd expects a one word argument for the connect option The options for chat are given below vV verbose mode log what we do to syslog ow 4 12 W406 LX User s Manual Managing Communications Double quotes don t wait for a prompt but proceed with the following instead note that you must include a space before the second quotation mark ATDT5551212 Dial the modem and proceed
27. OpenVPN program monitors Once the OpenVPN program detects traffic on the virtual device it sends the traffic to its peer 6 To create an indirect connection to Host B from Host A you need to add the following routing item route add net 192 168 4 0 netmask 255 255 255 0 dev ethO To create an indirect connection to Host A from Host B you need to add the following routing item route add net 192 168 2 0 netmask 255 255 255 0 dev eth0 Now ping Host B from Host A by typing ping 192 168 4 174 A successful ping indicates that you have created a VPN system that only allows authorized users from one internal network to access users at the remote site For this system all data is transmitted by UDP packets on port 5000 between OpenVPN peers 7 To shut down OpenVPN programs type the command killall TERM openvpn Setup 2 Ethernet Bridging for Private Networks on the Same Subnet 1 Set up four machines as shown in the following diagram local net Host A LANI 192 168 2 173 LANI 192 168 2 171 LAN2 192 168 8 173 Internet LANI 192 168 8 174 LANI 192 168 2 172 Host B 2 The configuration procedure is almost the same as for the previous example The only difference is that you will need to indicate the up parameter Jetc lopenvpn A tapO br conf and etc openvpn B tapO br conf LAN2 192 168 2 174 local net 4 25 W406 LX User s Manual Managing Communications Setup 3 R
28. PIN code is enabled and egprscmd pin xxxx has been set If you repeatedly perform egprscmd pin xxxx the message Error PIN code will appear However it does not affect the module operation Gi Tera Term COM3 YT File Edit Setup Control Window Help root Noa egprscmd pin enable 111 gt Enable PIN Code PIN is enabled Input PIN Code rootBMoxa ZU root Moxa lt root Blosen 1t root oa 1t rootBMoxa ZU rootBMoxa 1 root Blosen Z rootBMoxa ZU root BMoxa Tt rootBMoxa i root Boa t li Displaying the IMSI Information Use egprscmd imsi to display the IMSI number m Tera Term COM3 FI File Edit Setup Control Window Help W406 LX User s Manual Getting Started Sending a Message Use egprscmd sms to send a message See the following figure for an example Ii Tera Term COM3 VT File Edit Setup Control Window Help root Boa 7 root Moxa ZU rootBMoxa ZU root Bloe 7 rool Boa Jl ezprscmd sms 0988713220 This is a SMS test Reading a Message To read a SMS use egprscmd smsread 1 context to read the first message Meanwhile use other parameters such as status to know if the message has been read not not date to know when the message has been sent number to know where the message come from See the following figure Ei Tera Term COM3 VT File Edit Setup Control Window Help rootBMoxa ZU rootBMoxa ZU root Bloe 7 rootBMo
29. W406 LX User s Manual First Edition April 2009 www moxa com product MOXA 2009 Moxa Inc All rights reserved Reproduction without permission is prohibited W406 LX User s Manual The software described in this manual is furnished under a license agreement and may be used only in accordance with the terms of that agreement Copyright Notice Copyright 2009 Moxa Inc All rights reserved Reproduction without permission is prohibited Trademarks MOXA is a registered trademark of Moxa Inc All other trademarks or registered marks in this manual belong to their respective manufacturers Disclaimer Information in this document is subject to change without notice and does not represent a commitment on the part of Moxa Moxa provides this document as is without warranty of any kind either expressed or implied including but not limited to its particular purpose Moxa reserves the right to make improvements and or changes to this manual or to the products and or the programs described in this manual at any time Information provided in this manual is intended to be accurate and reliable However Moxa assumes no responsibility for its use or for any infringements on the rights of third parties that may result from its use This product might include unintentional technical or typographical errors Changes are periodically made to the information herein to correct such errors and these changes are incorpora
30. able 192 1683 127 PUTTY root Moxa home httpd cgi bin ls al Arwar xE R 2 root Toot 0 Aug 24 1999 Chanae me O rooe COGE 0 Meow 5 Tess Saye see il root TOOT 757 Aug 24 1999 root Moxa home httpd cgi bin 4 4 W406 LX User s Manual Managing Communications Install PHP for Apache Web Server This embedded computer supports the PHP option However since the PHP file is 3 MB it is not installed by default To install it yourself first make sure there is enough free space at least 3 MB on your embedded flash ROM Step 1 Type upramdisk to get the free space ram disk to save the package Check that you have enough free space 192 1698 3 127 PUTTY root Moxa bin upramdisk root Moxa bin df h Filesystem Size Used Available Use Mounted on Rootfs 8 6M 7 8M 888 0k 90 dev root 8 6M 7 8M 888 0k 90 dev ram3 TOUS OE 9 0k 943 0k 1 dev dev ram0 499 0k 18 0k 456 0k 4 var dev mtdblock3 5 0M 8M 765 tmp dev mtdblock3 DIM 8M odi 76 home dev mtdblock3 SROM 8M 3 76 etc tmpfs 14 4M 0 e 0 dev shm dev ram1 Q5 0k 0 var ramdisk root Moxa bin To check that the dev ram1 free space is greater than 3 MB Step 2 Download the PHP package from the CD ROM Refer to Package Management ipkg to install the PHP module Step 3 Test it Use the browser to access http 192 168 27 139 phpinfo php F prete Microvlt Internet Explorer SET BHD BAD ANARD IAD Bag Q x
31. age expansion Moxa provides a SD flash disk for expansion that allows users to plug in a SD memory card of additional memory space The SD socket is located on the front panel of the W406 To install a SD card you must first power off and then plug the SD card directly into the socket When finished power on the W406 computer The SD card will be mounted at mnt sdal Please note that the USB and SD card share the same USB hub device When the system starts it will detect USB storage first and then detect the SD card When both a USB device and SD cared are inserted into the W406 the USB storage device will occupy partition dev sdal while the SD card will use partition dev sdb1 However when there is only one of them inserted into the W406 before powering on the first device will occupy partition dev sdal and the second device will use partition dev sdb1 As the W406 does not automatically detect the SD insertion when the system is already on you need to manually mount the SD card When the USB device does not occupy dev sdal use the following command mkdir p mnt sda mount dev sdal mnt sda If you want to remove the SD card use the following command umount dev sdal When the USB device has occupied dev sdal use the following command mkdir p mnt sdb mount dev sdb1 mnt sdb If you want to unmount the SD card use the following command umount dev sdb1 2 7 W406 LX User s Man
32. ai EE 2 7 SD Socket for Storage Expansion eese eene enne eie PEA nennen nre 2 7 Setting Up the Wireless Module eee ete et p e RR he terrd 2 8 Test Program Developing Hello 2 15 Installing the Tool Chain O ammnus 2 16 Checking the Flash Memory Space sese nennen 2 16 Compiling Helle iiio ERREUR 2 17 Uploading and Running the Hello Program 2 17 Managing Embedded Linux eeeeeeeeeeeeeseeeeeeeneennnnnnnnnnnnn 3 1 System Version Informati n spessore eene i rarena airetik ak iens 3 2 Upgrading the Firmware eet eth td eee degens 3 2 Loading Factory Defaults 1 nime oe dated dee ede fed nee 3 4 Enabling and Disabling Daemons eese nennen ener enne nee 3 4 Setting the Run Level ee eet ets tee tete eite eese petet i deret 3 6 Adjusting the System Enge 40i ite ere pei ee Dot dE eh ee iren 3 7 Setting the Time Manually eese ener nennen ene 3 7 NTP E EE 3 8 Updating the Time Automatically eese nennen enne 3 9 Cron Daemon to Execute Scheduled Commands AAA 3 9 Managing Communications ccccseeeceseeeeeeeeeseeeeeeesseeeeeeeeseneeeeeeeeeeeeeeneeeee 4 1 Telnet ETP eene eb eden eie o m e Ae UU Are e HP A RUE REA ICE 4 2 EI E 4 2 Web Service A pache 5 fi id eb Por e Pre ERR 4 3 Install PHP for Apache Web Server esee E AET 4 5 IPTABLES triecas ene antreten dr ite o Cul d a teo oder
33. and the second argument as the internal interface at the remote peer Note that 5 is the argument that the OpenVPN program passes to the script file Its value is the second argument of ifconfig in the configuration file 3 Check the routing table after you run the OpenVPN programs by typing the command route Destination Gateway Genmsk Flags Metric Ref Use Iface 192 168 4 174 i 255 255 255 255 UH 0 0 0 tun0 192 168 4 0 192 168 4 174 255 255 255 0 UG 0 0 0 ont 192 168 2 0 255 255 255 0 U 0 0 0 erh 192 168 8 0 i 255 255 255 0 U 0 0 0 eth0 4 27 5 Development Tool Chains This chapter describes how to install a tool chain in the host computer that you use to develop your applications In addition the process of performing cross platform development and debugging are also introduced For clarity the W406 LX embedded computer is called a target computer The following functions are covered in this chapter LI Linux Tool Chain Steps for Installing the Linux Tool Chain Compilation for Applications On Line Debugging with GDB W406 LX Linux User s Manual Development Tool Chains Linux Tool Chain The Linux tool chain contains a suite of cross compilers and other tools as well as the libraries and header files that are necessary to compile your applications These tool chain components must be installed in your host computer PC running Linux We have c
34. ble containing built in chains and user defined chains Each chain is a list of rules that apply to a certain type of packet Each rule specifies what to do with a matching packet A rule such as a jump to a user defined chain in the same table is called a target The W406 LX supports 3 types of IPTABLES table Filter tables NAT tables and Mangle tables A Filter Table includes three chains INPUT chain filters all incoming traffic destined for the local host Note that all incoming packets destined for this host pass through this chain no matter what interface or direction they came from OUTPUT chain filters packets sent from the local host FORWARD chain routs and filters forwarded packets only Note that all forwarded traffic passes through this chain not only in one direction so you need to consider this factor when writing your rule set B NAT Table includes three chains PREROUTING chain transfers the destination IP address DNAT POSTROUTING chain works after the routing process and before the Ethernet device process to transfer the source IP address SNAT OUTPUT chain produces local packets Sub tables Source NAT SNAT changes the first source packet IP address Destination NAT DNAT changes the first destination packet IP address MASQUERADE a special form for SNAT If one host can connect to Internet then other computers that connect to this host can connect to the Internet when the
35. csi_eh_1 788 root usb storage 799 root EES DOE root jffs2_gcd_mtd3 S19 root 1392 smsd 929 root 1350 bin inetd 937 ODE 12580 usr bin httpd k start d etc apache 940 bin 1200 bin portmap 943 root 2452 deeler Shere palin 948 root 1360 bin snmpd 954 root 1300 bin egprsagent S55 rook 1280 bin reportip 958 root 1536 sbin getty 115200 ttyl 969 nobody 12604 usr bin httpd k start d etc apache 970 nobody 12604 usr bin httpd k start d etc apache 971 nobody 12604 usr bin httpd k start d etc apache 972 nobody 12604 usr bin httpd k start d etc apache 973 nobody 12604 usr bin httpd k start d etc apache dank eeng 2164 R ps root8Moxa ectf jen Ww ja 9 exem esie eo es eor Xen es em em vemy en Xem Ce m DD 1B i GH OD an tea en ten en wo DRAN UA To run a private daemon you can edit the file rc local as follows cd etc rc d vi rc local root Moxa cd etc rc d root Moxa etc rce d vi rc local Next use vi to open your application script We use the example program tcps2 release and put it to run in the background l bin sh Add you want to run daemon home tcpserver amp W406 LX User s Manual Managing Embedded Linux The enabled daemons will be available after you reboot the system root Moxa ps USER USZ STAT COMMAND TOOL 1316 e soeke ISi root SW lt kthreadd root SW ksoftirqd 0 root SW lt events 0 TOGE SW lt khelper
36. d back on the next boot but writes that have already been completed will not be affected Additional information about JFFS2 is available at http sources redhat com jffs2 jffs2 pdf http developer axis com software jffs http www linux mtd infradead org Software Package Boot Loader Moxa private Kernel Linux 2 6 23 Protocol Stack ARP PPP CHAP PAP IPv4 ICMP TCP UDP DHCP FTP SNMP V1 HTTP NTP NFS SMTP SSH 1 0 2 0 SSL Telnet PPPoE OpenVPN File System JFFS2 NFS Ext2 Ext3 VFAT FAT OS shell command bash Busybox Linux normal command utility collection version 1 10 4 Utilities tinylogin login and user manager utility telnet telnet client program ftp FTP client program smtpclient email utility scp Secure file transfer Client Program Daemons pppd dial in out over serial port daemon snmpd snmpd agent daemon telnetd telnet server daemon inetd TCP server manager program ftpd ftp server daemon apache web server daemon sshd secure shell server openvpn virtual private network openssl open SSL Linux Tool Chain Gcc V 4 2 1 C C PC Cross Compiler GDB V5 3 Source Level Debug Server Glibc V2 2 5 POSIX standard C library Software Encryption Lock BINEncryptor Encryption tool for binary files based on patented Moxa technology 1 4 2 Getting Started In this chapter we explain h
37. dev tap0 secret etc openvpn secrouter key cipher DES EDE3 CBC auth MD5 tun mtu 1500 tun mtu extra 64 ping 40 up etc openvpn B tap0 br sh bin sh value after net is the subnet behind the remote peer route add net 192 168 2 0 netmask 255 255 255 0 dev br0 d end Note Select cipher and authentication algorithms by specifying cipher and auth To see which algorithms are available type openvpn show ciphers 4 Start both of OpenVPN peers openvpn config A tap0 br conf amp openvpn config B tap0 br conf amp If you see the line Peer Connection Initiated with 192 168 8 173 5000 on each machine the connection between OpenVPN machines has been established successfully on UDP port 5000 5 Oneach OpenVPN machine check the routing table by typing the command route Destination Gateway Genmsk Flags Metric Ref Use Iface 192 168 4 0 255 255 255 0 U 0 0 0 brO 192 168 2 0 i 255 255 255 0 U 0 0 0 brO 192 168 8 0 255 255 255 0 U 0 0 0 ethO 4 24 W406 LX User s Manual Managing Communications Interface eth1 is connected to the bridging interface br0 to which device tap0 also connects whereas the virtual device tun sits on top of tap0 This ensures that all traffic from internal networks connected to interface eth1 that come to this bridge write to the TAP TUN device that the
38. e an ARM platform execution file created specifically to run on the W406 LX hello debug an ARM platform GDB debug server execution file see Chapter 5 for details about the GDB debug tool Since Moxa s tool chain places a specially designed Makefile in the directory tmp example hello be sure to type the make command from within that directory This special Makefile uses the arm linux gcc compiler to compile the hello c source code for the ARM environment Uploading and Running the Hello Program Use the following commands to upload hello release to the W406 LX via FTP 1 From the PC type ftp 192 168 3 127 2 Use the bin command to set the transfer mode to Binary mode and then use the put command to initiate the file transfer ftp gt bin ftp gt put hello release 3 From the W406 LX type chmod x hello release hello release The word Hello will be printed on the screen hello release 2 17 3 Managing Embedded Linux This chapter includes information about version control deployment updates and peripherals The information in this chapter will be particularly useful when you need to run the same application on several W406 LX units The following topics are covered in this chapter Q Ooo System Version Information gt Upgrading the Firmware gt Loading Factory Defaults Enabling and Disabling Daemons Setting the Run Level Adjusting the System Time Sett
39. eck every 10 seconds If the connection fails the W406 will try to reconnect to the Internet every 10 seconds The following figure illustrates the process of the reconnection to the Internet However you need to kill the egprsagent before configuring automatic reconnection Use killall egprsagent first Di Tera Term COM3 FI File Edit Setup Control Window Help root BMoxa 1t root Blosen 7 rootBMoxa E killall egprsagent Mrd ezprsagent 10 rootBMoxa d Plugin lib pppoe so loaded PPPoE Plugin Initialized Connecting Please wait a few seconds GPRS connection succesfully established Connecting Please wait a few seconds GPRS connection succesfully established rootBMoxa it M Test Program Developing Hello c In this section we use the standard Hello programming example to illustrate how to develop a program for the W406 LX In general program development involves the following seven steps Step 1 Connect the W406 LX to a Linux PC Step 2 Install Tool Chain GNU Cross Compiler amp glibc Step 3 Set the cross compiler and glibc environment variables Step 4 Code and compile the program Step 5 Download the program to the W406 LX Via FTP or NFS Step 6 Debug the program gt If bugs are found return to Step 4 gt If no bugs are found continue with Step 7 Step 7 Back up the user directory distribute the program to additional W406 LX units if needed 2 15 W406 LX User s Manual
40. ed computer that features 2 software selectable RS 232 422 485 ports 1 Ethernet port and quad band GSM GPRS EDGE 900 1800 850 1900 MHz for cellular communication It also comes with an SD socket USB host and 4 digital input and 4 digital output channels making it the ideal computer for a variety of industrial applications such as data acquisition data processing protocol conversion and remote device control and monitoring via wireless communication The following topics are covered in this chapter L Overview LI Software Architecture gt Journaling Flash File System JFFS2 gt Software Package W406 LX User s Manual Introduction Overview The W406 LX embedded computers which are designed for industrial automation applications feature 2 RS 232 422 485 serial ports 1 Ethernet port 4 digital input channels 4 digital output channels 1 USB 2 0 host and SD socket The DIN Rail vertical form factor makes it easy to install the W406 embedded computers in small cabinets This space saving feature also facilitates easy wiring and makes the W406 LX the best choice as front end embedded controllers for industrial applications The W406 LX computers use a Cirrus Logic EP9302 32 bit ARMO processor Unlike the X86 CPU which uses a CISC design the RISC architecture and modern semiconductor technology provide these embedded computers with a powerful computing engine and communication functions without generating excessive heat T
41. ed to RTC 6 2 W406 LX Linux User s Manual Programmer s Guide Buzzer UART The device node is located at dev console The W406 LX supports Linux standard buzzer control with the W406 LX s buzzer running at a fixed frequency of 100 Hz You must include sys kd h Function KDMKTONE ioctl fd KDMKTONE unsigned int arg Description The buzzer s behavior is determined by the argument arg The high word part of the argument gives the length of time the buzzer will sound and the low word part gives the frequency The buzzer s on off behavior is controlled by software If you call the ioctl function you MUST set the frequency at 100 Hz If you use a different frequency the system could crash The normal tty device node is located at dev ttyMO ttyM3 The W406 LX supports Linux standard termios control The Moxa UART Device API allows you to configure ttyMO to ttyM3 as RS 232 RS 422 4 wire RS 485 or 2 wire RS 485 W406 LX supports RS 232 RS 422 2 wire RS 485 and 4 wire RS485 You must include moxadevice h define RS232 MODE 0 define RS485 2WIRE MODE 1 define RS422 MODE 2 define RS485 AWIRE MODE 3 1 Function MOXA SET OP MODE int ioctl fd MOXA SET OP MODE amp mode Description Set the interface mode Argument 3 mode will pass to the UART device driver and change it 2 Function MOXA GET OP MODE int ioctl fd MOXA GET OP MODE amp mode Description Get the interface
42. er ip tables ipt REJECT ipt ecn iptable mangle ipt CLUSTERIP ipt SAME ipt iprange iptable nat ipt ECN ipt TOS ipt owner iptable raw ipt LOG ipt TTL ipt recent ipt MASQUERADE ipt ULOG ipt tos ipt NETMAP ipt addrtype ipt ttl NOTE The W406 LX does NOT support IPv6 and ipchains The basic syntax to enable and load an IPTABLES module is as follows 1smod modprobe ip_tables Use the following command to load the modules iptable_filter iptable_mangle iptable_nat modprobe iptable filter Use Ismod to check if the ip_tables module has already been loaded in the W406 LX Use modprobe to insert and enable the module NOTE IPTABLES plays the role of packet filtering or NAT Take care when setting up the IPTABLES rules If the rules are not correct remote hosts that connect via a LAN or PPP may be denied access We recommend using the Serial Console to set up the IPTABLES Click on the following links for more information about iptables http www linuxguruz com iptables http www netfilter org documentation HOWTO packet filtering HOWTO html 4 8 W406 LX User s Manual Managing Communications Since the IPTABLES command is very complex to illustrate the IPTABLES syntax we have divided our discussion of the various rules into three categories Observe and erase chain rules Define policy rules and Append or delete rules Observe and erase chain rules Usage iptables t tables L n
43. for port 21 iptables A INPUT i eth0 p tcp dport 21 j DROP Example 6 Accept TCP packets from 192 168 0 24 to W406 LX s port 137 138 139 iptables A INPUT i eth0 p tcp s 192 168 0 24 dport 137 139 j ACCEPT Example 7 Log TCP packets that visit W406 LX s port 25 iptables A INPUT i eth0 p tcp dport 25 j LOG Example 8 Drop all packets from MAC address 01 02 03 04 05 06 iptables A INPUT i eth0 p all m mac mac source 01 02 03 04 05 06 j DROP NOTE In Example 8 remember to issue the command modprobe ipt mac first to load module ipt mac NAT Network Address Translation protocol translates IP addresses used on one network to different IP addresses used on another network One network is designated the inside network and the other designated the outside network Typically the W406 L X connects several devices on a network and maps local inside network addresses to one or more global outside IP addresses and un maps the global IP addresses on incoming packets back into local IP addresses Click on the following link for more information about iptables and NAT http www netfilter org documentation lHOWTO NAT HOWTO html 4 10 W406 LX User s Manual Managing Communications NAT Example The IP address of LANI is changed to 192 168 3 127 you will need to load the module ipt MASQUERADE IP Netmask 192 168 3 100 24 Gateway 192 168 3 127 PCI Linux or Windows LANI PC2
44. he quad band GSM GPRS EDGE 850 900 1800 1900 wireless module makes the W406 computers the ideal solution when establishing a stable and reliable long range communication for industrial applications The W406 LX s pre installed Linux operating system OS provides an open software operating system for your software program development Software written for desktop PCs can be easily ported to the computer with a GNU cross compiler without modifying the source code The OS device drivers e g serial and buzzer control and your own applications can all be stored in the NOR Flash memory Software Architecture The Linux operating system that is pre installed on the W406 LX follows the standard Linux architecture making it easy to accept programs that follow the POSIX standard Program porting is done with the GNU Tool Chain provided by Moxa In addition to Standard POSIX APIs device drivers for the CF storage buzzer and Network controls and UART are also included in the Linux OS AP User Application Daemon Apache Telnet FTPd SNMP API Application Programming Interface POSIX Socket Secure Socket Protocol TCP IP UDP ICMP ARP HTTP SNMP SMTP Stack Device File SD USB DI O UART RTC System Driver Microkernel Memory Control Schedule Process H a rd ware RS 232 422 485 Ethernet USB 1 2 W406 LX User s Manual Introduction The W406 LX s built in Flash ROM is partitioned into Boot Loader Linux Kernel Root F
45. ho string ping to test network routing table manager display network status set network ip address trace route Trivial File Transfer Protocol client remote login utility File Transfer Protocol utility W406 LX Linux User s Manual System Commands Process 1 kill kill process 2 ps display now running process Other 1 dmesg dump kernel log message 2 stty to set serial port 3 mknod make device node 4 free display system memory usage 5 date print or set the system date and time 6 env run a program in a modified environment 7 clear clear the terminal screen 8 reboot reboot power off on the server 9 halt halt the server 10 du estimate file space usage 11 gzip gunzip compress or expand files 12 hostname show system s host name Moxa special utilities 1 kversion show kernel version 2 upramdisk mount ramdisk 3 downramdisk unmount ramdisk 4 setinterface configure serial port mode as RS 232 RS 422 or RS 485 5 upgradehfm firmware upgrade utility 6 reportip UC Finder host program 7 setdef reset to default script A 2
46. ibmysglclient5 Starting web server apache Successfully terminated root Moxa mnt ramdisk Note if you would like to install php for Apache web server you should install mysglclient in advance List the installed packages 192 168 3 120 Putty root Moxa mnt ramdisk ipkg cl list installed libmysglclient5 5 1 23 libphpS5 5 2 5 1 Successfully terminated root Moxa mnt ramdisk Remove a package 192 168 3 120 Putty Moxa ipkg cl remove libphp5 OpenVPN OpenVPN provides two types of tunnels for users to implement VPNS Routed IP Tunnels and Bridged Ethernet Tunnels To begin with check to make sure that the system has a virtual device dev net tun If not issue the following command mknod dev net tun c 10 200 An Ethernet bridge is used to connect different Ethernet networks together The Ethernets are bundled into one bigger logical Ethernet Each Ethernet corresponds to one physical interface or port that is connected to the bridge On each OpenVPN machine you should generate a working directory such as etc openvpn where script files and key files reside Once established all operations will be performed in that directory 4 20 W406 LX User s Manual Managing Communications Setup 1 Ethernet Bridging for Private Networks on Different Subnets 1 Setup four machines as shown in the following diagram local net OpenVPN A LANI 192 168 2 173
47. ile System and User directory partitions In order to prevent user applications from crashing the Root File System the W406 LX uses a specially designed Root File System with Protected Configuration for emergency use This Root File System comes with serial and Ethernet communication capability for users to load the Factory Default Image file The user directory saves the user s settings and application To improve system reliability the W406 LX has a built in mechanism that prevents the system from crashing When the Linux kernel boots up the kernel will mount the root file system for read only and then enable services and daemons During this time the kernel will start searching for system configuration parameters via re or inittab Normally the kernel uses the Root File System to boot up the system The Root File System is protected and cannot be changed by the user This type of setup creates a safe zone For more information about the memory map and programming refer to Chapter 6 Programmer s Guide Journaling Flash File System JFFS2 The Root File System and User directory in the flash memory is formatted with the Journaling Flash File System JFFS2 The formatting process places a compressed file system in the flash memory This operation is transparent to the user The Journaling Flash File System JFFS2 which was developed by Axis Communications in Sweden puts a file system directly on the flash instead of em
48. ile usrdisk Format MTD device dev mtd2 MTD device dev mtd2 erase 128 Kibyte 800000 100 complete Wait to write file Compleleted 100 Upgrade the firmware is OK ATTENTION The upgradehfm utility will reboot your target after the upgrade is OK Loading Factory Defaults To load the factory default settings you must press the reset to default button for more than 5 seconds All files in the home amp etc directories will be deleted Note that while pressing the reset to default button the Ready LED will blink once every second for the first 5 seconds The Ready LED will turn off after 5 seconds and the factory defaults will be loaded Enabling and Disabling Daemons The following daemons are enabled when the W406 LX boots up for the first time snmpd SNMP Agent daemon telnetd Telnet Server daemon and Client inetd Internet Daemons Itpd FTP Server daemon and Client sshd Secure Shell Server daemon httpd Apache WWW Server daemon W406 LX User s Manual Managing Embedded Linux Type the command ps to list all processes currently running root Moxa root Moxa PID USER STAT COMMAND dL OIE S inie 3 root SW lt kthreadd root ksoftirqd 0 root events 0 root khelper TOOLE kblockd 0 root khubd OOE kseriod TOOL pdflush root pdflush root kswapd0 root aio 0 740 root mtdblockd 787 root s
49. ing the Time Manually gt NTP Client gt Updating the Time Automatically Cron Daemon to Execute Scheduled Commands W406 LX User s Manual Managing Embedded Linux System Version Information To determine the hardware capability of your W406 LX and what kind of software functions are supported check the version numbers of your W406 LX s kernel and user file system Contact Moxa to determine the hardware version You will need the Production S N Serial Number which is located on the W406 LX s bottom label To check the kernel version type kversion 192 168 3 127 PuTTY root Moxa kversion W406 LX version 1 0 root Moxa NOTE The kernel version number is for the factory default configuration and if you download the latest firmware version from Moxa s website and then upgrade the W406 s hardware the kernel version will be different Upgrading the Firmware The W406 LX s bios kernel and root file system are combined into one firmware file which can be downloaded from Moxa s website www moxa com The name of the file has the form WA06 x x x hfm with x x x indicating the firmware version To upgrade the firmware download the firmware file to a PC and then transfer the file to the W406 LX via a Debug Port or Telnet Console connection ATTENTION Upgrading the firmware will erase some data on the Flash ROM Beware that updating the firmware will erase some of the data on the Flash ROM
50. ion pppd eth 9 Type ifconfig pppO to check if the connection is OK or has failed If the connection is OK you will see information about the pppO setting for the IP address Use ping to test the IP 10 If you want to disconnect it use the kill command to kill the pppd process 4 17 W406 LX User s Manual Managing Communications NFS Network File System NOTE The Network File System NFS is used to mount a disk partition on a remote machine as if it were on a local hard drive allowing fast seamless sharing of files across a network NFS allows users to develop applications for the W406 LX without worrying about the amount of disk space that will be available The W406 LX supports NFS protocol for client Click on the following links for more information about NFS http www tldp org HOWTO NFS HOWTO index html Setting up the W406 LX as an NFS Client Mail The following procedure is used to mount a remote NFS Server 1 To know the NFS Server s shared directory 2 Establish a mount point on the NFS Client site 3 Mount the remote directory to a local directory mkdir p home nfs public mount t nfs NFS_Server IP directory mount point Example mount t nfs 192 168 3 100 home public home nfs public Smtpclient is a minimal SMTP client that takes an email message body and passes it on to an SMTP server It is suitable for applications that use email to send alert messages or important logs to a
51. k function When the event occurs the call back function will be invoked NULL gt Clears this event int mode DIN EVENT HIGH TO LOW 1 from high to low DIN EVENT LOW TO HIGH 0 from low to high DIN EVENT CLEAR 1 clear this event unsigned long duration 0 detect the din event gt DIN EVENT HIGH TO LOW or DIN EVENT LOW TO HIGH without duration Not 0 detect the din event DIN EVENT HIGH TO LOW or DIN EVENT LOW TO HIGH with duration The value of duration must be a multiple of 20 milliseconds The range of duration is 0 or 40 lt duration lt 3600000 milliseconds The error of the measurement is 24 ms For example if the DIN duration is 200 ms this event will be generated when the DIN pin stays in the same state for a time between 176 ms and 200 ms Output none Return reference the error code int get_din_event int diport int mode long int duration Description To retrieve the DIN event configuration including mode DIN_EVENT_HIGH_TO_LOW or DIN EVENT LOW TO HIGH and the value of duration Input int diport which DIN port you want to retrieve The port whose din event setting we wish to retrieve int mode save which event is set unsigned long duration the duration of the DIN port is kept in high or low state return to the current duration value of diport Output mode DIN EVENT HIGH TO LOW 6 6 W406 LX Linux User s
52. l and root is both the username and password pppd connect chat v user root password root noipdefault dev ttyMO 19200 crtscts 4 13 W406 LX User s Manual Managing Communications How to check the connection Once you ve set up a PPP connection there are some steps you can take to test the connection First type sbin ifconfig The file ifconfig may be located elsewhere depending on your distribution You should be able to see all the network interfaces that are UP pppO should be one of them and you should recognize the first IP address as your own and the P t P address or point to point address the address of your server Here s what it looks like on one machine lo Link encap Local Loopback inet addr 127 0 0 1 Beast 127 255 255 255 Mask 255 0 0 0 UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU 2000 Metric 1 RX packets 0 errors 0 dropped 0 overrun 0 pppO Link encap Point to Point Protocol inet addr 192 76 32 3 P t P 129 67 1 165 Mask 255 255 255 0 UP POINTOPOINT RUNNING MTU 1500 Metric 1 RX packets 33 errors 0 dropped 0 overrun 0 TX packets 42 errors 0 dropped 0 overrun 0 Now type ping z z z z where z z z z is the address of your name server This should work Here s what the response could look like Moxa p ping 129 67 1 165 PING 129 67 1 165 129 67 1 165 56 data bytes 64 bytes from 129 67 1 165 icmp_seq 0 ttl 225 time 268 ms 64 bytes from 129 67 1 165 icmp_seq 1 ttl 225 time 247 ms 64 bytes from
53. les Cron wakes up every minute and checks each command to see if it should be run in the current minute Modify the file etc cron d crontab to set up your scheduled applications Crontab files have the following format min hour date month week user command 0 59 0 23 1 31 1 12 0 6 0 is Sunday The following example demonstrates how to use Cron How to use cron to update the system time and RTC time every day at 8 00 STEP1 Write a shell script named fixtime sh and save it to home bin sh ntpdate time nist gov hwclock systohc exit 0 STEP2 Change mode of fixtime sh chmod 755 fixtime sh STEP3 Modify etc cron d crontab file to run fixtime sh at 8 00 every day Add the following line to the end of the crontab 8 root home fixtime sh STEP4 Enable the cron daemon manually etc init d cron start 3 9 W406 LX User s Manual Managing Embedded Linux STEPS Enable cron when the system boots up Add the following line in the file etc rc d rc local etc init d cron start 3 10 4 Managing Communications In this chapter we explain how to configure the W406 LX s various communication functions The following topics are covered in this chapter DOCDLDULCO Ooo Oooo Telnet FTP DNS Web Service Apache Install PHP for Apache Web Server IPTABLES NAT gt NAT Example gt Enabling NAT at Bootup Dial up Service PPP PPPoE NFS
54. llowing cross compiler tools are provided with a prefix arm linux ar Manages archives static libraries as Assembler C g C compiler cpp C preprocessor gcc C compiler gdb Debugger Id Linker nm Lists symbols from object files objcopy Copies and translates object files objdump Displays information about object files ranlib Generates indexes to archives static libraries readelf Displays information about ELF files size Lists object file section sizes strings Prints strings of printable characters from files usually object files strip Removes symbols and sections from object files usually debugging information On Line Debugging with GDB The tool chain also provides an on line debugging mechanism to help you develop your program Before performing a debugging session add the option ggdb to compile the program A debugging session runs on a client server architecture on which the server gdbserver is installed in the target computer and the client ddd is installed in the host computer We ll asuumne that you have uploaded a program named hello debug to the target computer and started debugging the program 1 Logon to the target computer and run the debugging server program gdbserver 192 168 4 142 2000 hello debug Process hello debug created pid 38 The debugging server listens for connections at network port 2000 from the network interface 192 168 4 142 The
55. lnet Console When you know the IP address and netmask then you can use Telnet to connect to the W406 LX s console utility To connect to a hub or switch connected to your local LAN use a straight through Ethernet cable Connect to the IP address given by the DHCP server of the W406 LX and type the login name and password as requested The default values are both root Login root Password root Telnet 192 168 20 205 Moxa login root Password HHHH HHHH HHH HEHHEHE HHHHHH tit Hit HHH Hitt Hitt 1t HHHH Hitt Hitt Hitt Hitt Hitt Hitt Hit Hitt HHH HHH Hit Hit HI H HHHH HHHH H HH dut Hitt HHH itt Hi itt Hit id HHH dut Hit HHHH Ht HH HHH HH HH Ht itt HHH goi tt HH do HH Ht Hit Hitt HHH it DH H HH Hitt Hitt HHH Hit Hit Hitt Hi HHH Hitt Hit HHH H Hitt Hit Hitt Hit Hit Hit Hit Hitt Hit Hit tt Hit ttt tt Lid H HHH Lid HHHHHH 3E HHHHHH HHHHHHHH THEHEHTEH TETHER HEHEHE For further information check http www moxa com root Moxa i You can proceed with configuring the network settings of the target computer when you reach the bash command shell Configuration instructions are given in the next section ATTENTION Serial Console Port Reminder Remember to choose VT100 as the terminal type Use the cable CBL 4PINDB9F 100 which comes with the W406 LX to connect to the serial console port Telnet Reminder When connecting to the W406 LX over a LAN you must configure your PC s Ethernet IP address
56. me hwclock w W406 LX User s Manual Managing Embedded Linux The following figure illustrates how to update the system time and set the RTC time 192 168 3 127 PuTTY root Moxa date Imscak Vii Ls ZSgsOg sal csr ZOO root Moxa hwclock enk Wii 25 25550235 ZOO M G57 eeneg root Moxa date 120910002004 adest Dee S ALO SOO 00 Csi z0 root Moxa hwclock w root Moxa date hwclock Wer Dee Et IO Ol OV CSi 2004 Thu Dec 9 10 01 08 2004 0 933547 seconds root Moxa NTP Client The W406 LX has a built in NTP Network Time Protocol client that is used to initialize a time request to a remote NTP server Use ntpdate lt server name gt to update the system time ntpdate time stdtime gov tw hwclock w Visit http www ntp org for more information about NTP and NTP server addresses 10 120 53 100 PuTTY e A A A root Moxa date hwclock Sais dem 1 oO E SS Csi Z000 Sat Jan 1 00 00 37 2000 0 772941 seconds root Moxa ntpdate time stdtime gov tw 9 Dec 10 58 53 ntpdate 207 step time server 220 130 158 52 offset 155905087 9 84256 sec root Moxa hwclock w root Moxa date hwclock aut Dee Sr 10 592 CST 2004 Thu Dec 9 10 59 12 2004 0 844076 seconds root Moxa NOTE Before using the NTP client utility check your IP and DNS settings to make sure that an Interne
57. n root8bee notebook root ssh 192 168 30 205 The authenticity of host 3192 1698 50 205 192 165 30 205 can t be established RSATkey Fingerprint rai gb EE Are you sure you want to continue connection yes no yes_ 2 5 W406 LX User s Manual Getting Started NOTE SSH provides better security compared to Telnet for accessing the W406 LX s console utility over the network Configuring the Ethernet Interface The network settings of the W406 LX can be modified with the Debug Port or online over the network Modifying Network Settings with the Serial Console Port In this section we use the serial console to configure the network settings of the target computer 1 Follow the instructions given in a previous section to access the Console Utility of the target computer via the serial console port and then type amp cd etc network to change directories ER PComm Terminal Emulator COM1 115200 None 8 1 T100 d E mi xj Profile Edit Port Manager Window Help a RR alale Sal E COM1 115200 N0ne 8 1 V T100 2 Type vi interfaces to edit the network configuration file with vi editor You can configure the Ethernet ports of the W406 LX for static or dynamic DHCP IP addresses Dynamic IP Address By default the W406 is configured for dynamic IP addresses DHCP will assign an IP address for the W406 Static IP Address You may also manually configure the W406 with a static IP address F
58. nable routing and erase default rules PATH bin sbin usr bin usr sbin usr local bin usr local sbin export PATH 4 11 W406 LX User s Manual Managing Communications echo 1 gt proc sys net ipv4 ip_forward bin iptables F bin iptables X bin iptables Z bin iptables F t nat bin iptables X t nat bin iptables Z t nat bin iptables P INPUT ACCEPT bin iptables P OUTPUT ACCEPT bin iptables P FORWARD ACCEPT bin iptables t nat P PREROUTING ACCEPT bin iptables t nat P POSTROUTING ACCEPT bin iptables t nat P OUTPUT ACCEPT 4 Step 3 Enable IP masquerade Dial up Service PPP PPP Point to Point Protocol is used to run IP Internet Protocol and other network protocols over a serial link PPP can be used for direct serial connections using a null modem cable over a Telnet link and links established using a modem over a telephone line Modem PPP access is almost identical to connecting directly to a network through the W406 LX s Ethernet port Since PPP is a peer to peer system the W406 LX can also use PPP to link two networks or a local network to the Internet to create a Wide Area Network WAN NOTE Click on the following links for more information about PPP http tldp org HOWTO PPP HOWTO index html http axion physics ubc ca ppp linux html The pppd daemon is used to connect to a PPP server from a Linux system For detailed information about pppd see the man page
59. name of the program to be debugged follows these parameters For a program requiring arguments add the arguments behind the program name 2 Inthe host computer change the directory to where the program source resides cd my work directory myfilesystem testprograms 3 Execute the client program ddd debugger arm linux gdb hello debug amp 4 Enterthe following command at the GDB DDD command prompt Target remote 192 168 4 99 2000 The command produces a line of output on the target console similar to the following Remote debugging using 192 168 4 99 2000 192 168 4 99 is the machine s IP address and 2000 is the port number You can now begin debugging in the host environment using the interface provided by DDD 5 Seta break point on main function by double clicking or by entering b main on the command line 6 Click the cont button 5 3 6 Programmer s Guide This chapter includes important information for programmers The following functions are covered in this chapter Flash Memory Map Device API RTC Real Time Clock Buzzer UART Digital O OOOoOoDd W406 LX Linux User s Manual Programmer s Guide Flash Memory Map Partition sizes are hard coded into the kernel binary To change the partition sizes you will need to rebuild the kernel The flash memory map is shown in the following table Address Size Contents 0x00000000 0x00060000 384 KB Boot Loader Read ONLY 0x000
60. ne break fi done etc network interfaces get the ip address of the specified interface mname module up oIFS SIFS IFSz FOUND no for LINE in lsmod do TOK echo LINE cut d f1 if TOK mname then FOUND yes break fi done IFS SoIFS if SFOUND no then modprobe mname fi start ifcfg_vpn if d dev net Mi then mkdir dev net fi if N r dev net tun Mi then create a device file if there is none mknod dev net tun c 10 200 fi load modules tun and bridge mname tun module up mname bridge module up create an ethernet bridge to connect tap devices internal interface brctl addbr brO brctl addif br0 iface the bridge receives data from any port and forwards it to other ports i expr 0 while do generate a tap0 interface on tun openvpn mktun dev tap i connect tap device to the bridge brctl addif br0 tap i null ip address of tap device 4 22 W406 LX User s Manual Managing Communications ifconfig tap i 0 0 0 0 promisc up i expr i 1 if i ge maxtap then break fi done null ip address of internal interface ifconfig iface 0 0 0 0 promisc up enable bridge ip ifconfig brO SIPADDR netmask NETMASK broadcast BROADCAST ipf proc sys net ipv4 ip forward enable IP forwarding echo 1 ipf echo ip forwarding enabled to cat ipf stop
61. number of the W406 module to synchronize the system time with the time of the base station Please note that when the message settime error appears the messages may be full Please delete the message and adjust the system time Ii Tera Term COM3 YT File Edit Setup Control Window Help root Moxa i egprscmd smssettime 0988195030 Send SMS Succesful ly Mon Jun 22 18 08 12 CST 2009 root Blosen 7 rool Blosen 7 root Moxa ZU rootBMoxa 7 root Boa 1t rootBMoxa ZU root Blog CH root Moxa ZU root Boa 7 rootBMoxa T root Moxa ZU rootBMoxa ZU rootBMoxa ZU root Boa T root Moxa ZU root Bloe 7 Resetting Wireless Modem To reset the wireless module use egprscmd reset Wait for a few seconds the wireless module will be successfully reset Si Tera Term COM3 YT File Edit Setup Control Window Help rootBMoxa fi egzprscmd reset Resetting modem Moden reset successfully root BMoxa root Boa 7 rootBMoxa ZU root Blose 7 rootAhoxa 7 root Boa 7 rootBMoxa lt rootBMoxa 1 root Moxa ZU root Boa 7 rot Bhoxa 1 rootBMoxa ZU root Boa it E 2 14 W406 LX User s Manual Getting Started Automatically Reconnecting the Internet Use egprsagent xx amp the W406 will automatically detects if the Internet connection is working xx refers to the interval on the basis of second For example using egprsagent 10 amp means the W406 will ch
62. onfirmed that the following Linux distributions can be used to install the tool chain Fedora 7 Debian 4 Steps for Installing the Linux Tool Chain The tool chain needs about 1 GB of hard disk space To install it follow the steps 1 Insert the package CD into your PC and then issue the following commands mount dev cdrom mnt cdrom sh mnt cdrom toolchain arm linux 2 1 sh 2 Wait for the installation process to complete This should take a few minutes 3 Add the directory usr local arm linux bin to your path You can do this for the current login by issuing the following commands export PATH usr local arm linux bin PATH Alternatively you can add the same commands to SHOME bash profile to make it effective for all login sessions Compilation for Applications To compile a simple C application use the cross compiler instead of the regular compiler arm linux gcc o example Wall g 02 example c arm linux strip s example arm linux gcc ggdb o example debug example c Most of the cross compiler tools are the same as their native compiler counterparts but with an additional prefix that specifies the target system In the case of x86 environments the prefix is i386 linux and in the case of W406 LX ARM boards it is arm linux For example the native C compiler is gcc and the cross C compiler for ARM in the W406 LX is arm linux gcc 5 2 W406 LX Linux User s Manual Development Tool Chains The fo
63. our network addresses must be modified address network netmask and broadcast See the following table for the example Default Setting using DHCP Static Setting for LAN example Iface etho0 inet dhcp iface ethO inet static address 192 168 3 127 network 192 168 3 0 netmask 255 255 255 0 broadcast 192 168 3 255 3 After the boot settings of the LAN interface have been modified issue the following command to activate the LAN settings immediately etc init d networking restart 2 6 W406 LX User s Manual Getting Started NOTE After changing the IP settings use the networking restart command to activate the new IP address Modifying Network Settings by Command IP settings can be activated over the command but the new settings will not be saved to the flash ROM without modifying the file etc network interfaces For example type the command ifconfig eth0 192 168 1 1 to change the IP address of LAN to 192 168 1 1 root Moxa H ifconfig eth 192 168 1 1 root Moxa H _ USB Port for Expansion The W406 has 1 USB 2 0 full speed host OHCD that uses a type A connector The port supports keyboard and mouse and can also be used to connect a FlashDisk for storing large amounts of data The USB will be mounted at mnt sda1 However it will be mounted at mnt sdb1 when the SD card has been inserted before powering on SD Socket for Storage Expansion The W406 provides a SD socket for stor
64. outed IP 1 Setup the four machines as shown in the following diagram local net OpenVPN A LANI 192 168 2 173 LANI 192 168 2 171 LAN2 192 168 8 173 Internet LANI 192 168 8 174 LANI 192 168 4 172 LAN2 192 168 4 174 local net 2 Create a configuration file named A tun conf and an executable script file named A tun sh point to the peer remote 192 168 8 174 dev tun secret etc openvpn secrouter key cipher DES EDE3 CBC auth MD5 tun mtu 1500 tun mtu extra 64 ping 40 ifconfig 192 168 2 173 192 168 4 174 up etc openvpn A tun sh bin sh value after net is the subnet behind the remote peer route add net 192 168 4 0 netmask 255 255 255 0 gw 5 d end Create a configuration file named B tun conf and an executable script file named B tun sh on OpenVPN B remote 192 168 8 173 dev tun secret etc openvpn secrouter key cipher DES EDE3 CBC auth MD5 tun mtu 1500 tun mtu extra 64 ping 40 ifconfig 192 168 4 174 192 168 2 173 up etc openvpn B tun sh bin sh value after net is the subnet behind the remote peer route add net 192 168 2 0 netmask 255 255 255 0 gw 5 d end 4 26 W406 LX User s Manual Managing Communications Note that the parameter ifconfig defines the first argument as the local internal interface
65. ow to connect the W406 LX how to turn on the power how to get started programming and how to use the W406 LX s other functions The following topics are covered in this chapter LI LI L Oooo Powering on the W406 LX Connecting the W406 LX to a PC gt Serial Console Port gt Acquiring the IP Address of the W406 LX Telnet Console SSH Console Configuring the Ethernet Interface gt Modifying Network Settings with the Serial Console Port gt Modifying Network Settings by Command USB Port for Expansion SD Socket for Storage Expansion Setting Up the Wireless Module Test Program Developing Hello c gt Installing the Tool Chain Linux gt Checking the Flash Memory Space gt Compiling Hello c gt Uploading and Running the Hello Program W406 LX User s Manual Getting Started Powering on the W406 LX Connect the SG wire to the shielded contact located in the upper left corner of the W406 LX and then power on the computer by connecting it to the power adaptor It takes about 60 seconds for the system to boot up Once the system is ready the Ready LED will light up NOTE After connecting the W406 LX to the power supply it will take about 60 seconds for the operating system to boot up The green Ready LED will not turn on until the operating system is ready ATTENTION This product is intended to be supplied by a Listed Power Unit and output marked with LPS Limited Power Source
66. plication you will need to delete some existing files To do this connect your PC to the W406 LX with the console cable and then use the console utility to delete the files from the W406 LX s flash memory To check the amount of free space available look at the directories in the read write directory dev mtdblock3 Note that the directories home and etc are both mounted on the directory dev mtdblock3 If the flash memory is full you will need to free up some memory space before saving files to the Flash ROM W406 LX User s Manual Getting Started Compiling Hello c NOTE The package CD contains several example programs Here we use hello c as an example to show you how to compile and run your applications Type the following commands from your PC to copy the files used for this example from the CD to your computer s hard drive cd tmp mkdir example cp r mnt cdrom example tmp example To compile the program go to the hello subdirectory and issue the following commands cd example hello make You should receive the following response root localhost hello make usr local arm linux bin arm linux gcc o hello release hello c usr local arm linux bin arm linux strip s hello release usr local arm linux bin arm linux gcc ggdb o hello debug hello c root localhost hello _ Next execute hello exe both hello release and hello debug will be generated which are described below hello releas
67. r between 00 99 Smaller numbers have a higher priority RUNFILE the file name W406 LX User s Manual Managing Embedded Linux 192 26S le AS ne root8Moxa ect rc d rc3 d4 1s S19nfs common S25nfs user serverS99showreadyled S20snmpd Seeler S24pcmcia S99rmnologin rootG8Moxa ect rc d rc3 d4 ln s root tcps2 release S60tcps2 root Moxa ect rce d rc3 d ls S19nfs common S25nfs user serverS99rmnologin S20snmpd S55ssh S99showreadyled S24pcmcia Sevtcps2 root Moxa etc rce d rc3 d KxxRUNFILE stands for K start the run file while linux shuts down or halts xx a number between 00 99 Smaller numbers have a higher priority RUNFILE the file name To remove the daemon remove the run file from the etc rc d rc3 d directory by using the following command drm f etc rc d rc3 d S60tcps2 Adjusting the System Time Setting the Time Manually The W406 LX has two time settings One is the system time and the other is the RTC Real Time Clock time kept by the W406 LX s hardware Use the date command to query the current system time or set a new system time Use hwclock to query the current RTC time or set a new RTC time Use the following command to query the system time date Use the following command to query the RTC time hwclock Use the following command to set the system time date MMDDhhmmYYYY MM Month DD Date hhmm hour and minute YYYY Year Use the following command to set the RTC ti
68. specific user NOTE Click on the following link for more information about smtpclient http www engelschall com sw smtpclient To send an email message use the smtpclient utility which uses SMTP protocol Type smtpclient help to see the help message Example smtpclient s test f sender icompany com S IP address receiver icompany com lt mail body message s The mail subject f Sender s mail address S SMTP server IP address The last mail address receiver company com is the receiver s e mail address mail body message is the mail content The last line of the body of the message should contain ONLY the period character You will need to add your hostname to the file etc hosts 4 18 W406 LX User s Manual Managing Communications SNMP NOTE The W406 LX has built in SNMP V1 Simple Network Management Protocol agent software It supports RFC1317 RS 232 like group and RFC 1213 MIB II Click on the following links for more information about MIB II and RS 232 like groups http www fags org rfcs rfc1213 html http www fags org rfcs rfc1317 html gt W406 LX does NOT support SNMP trap Package Management ipkg ipkg is a very lightweight package management system It also allows for dynamic installation removal of packages on a running system Because the disk space is limited we provide these software as extension packages You can use ipkg cl to install or remove ipk packages on
69. t to Thus you do not have to worry about the foreign machine name Just replace password with your password pap secrets line 1 of 42 2 username hinet net is the username obtained from the ISP to log in to the ISP account password is the corresponding password for the account 5 Edit the file etc ppp options and add the following line plugin pppoe terminated because it was idle tholdoff n Wait for up n milliseconds after the connect script finishes for a valid PPP packet from the peer At the end of this time or when a valid PPP packet is received from the peer pppd will commence negotiation by sending its first LCP packet The default value is 1000 1 second This wait period only applies if the connect or pty option is used connect delay plugin pppoe so lt End of File gt options line 1 of 342 0 4 16 W406 LX User s Manual Managing Communications 6 Add the following files etc ppp options eth0 The file context is shown below name username hinet net defaultroute noipdefault options ixp line 1 of 5 20 7 Setup DNS If you are using DNS servers supplied by your ISP edit the file etc resolv conf by adding the following lines of code nameserver ip addr of first dns server nameserver ip addr of second dns server For example nameserver 168 95 1 1 nameserver 139 175 10 20 8 Use the following command to create a pppoe connect
70. t connection is available Refer to Chapter 2 for instructions on how to configure the Ethernet interface and see Chapter 4 for DNS setting information 3 8 W406 LX User s Manual Managing Embedded Linux Updating the Time Automatically In this subsection we show how to use a shell script to update the time automatically Example shell script to update the system time periodically bin sh ntpdate time nist gov You can use the time server s ip address or domain name directly If you use domain name you must enable the domain client on the system by updating etc resolv conf file hwclock systohc sleep 100 Updates every 100 seconds The min time is 100 seconds Change 100 to a larger number to update RTC less often Save the shell script using any file name E g fixtime How to run the shell script automatically when the kernel boots up Copy the example shell script fixtime to directory etc init d and then use chmod 755 fixtime to change the shell script mode Next use vi editor to edit the file etc inittab Add the following line to the bottom of the file ntp 2345 respawn etc init d fixtime Use the command init q to re init the kernel Cron Daemon to Execute Scheduled Commands Start Cron from the file etc rc d rc 1local It will return immediately so you don t need to start it with amp to run in the background The Cron daemon will search etc cron d crontab for crontab fi
71. tarted Diagnosing the Wireless Module Use egprscmd diagnose to check the wireless module status Please note that you can only use this command when the W406 has disconnected from the Internet Tera Term COM3 YI File Edit Setup Control Window Help root Boa Jl ezprscmd diagnose MODULE Module is ready UART Last Module baudrate 115200 Set to 115200 for connect ion Baud rate check ok iltyM2 test ok PIN CODE PIN code is ready SIGNAL STRENGTH Signal strengh 20 Mormal TEMPERATURE Normal operating temperature 35 BAND curradioband 3 allowRadioBand 15 GSM 900 MHz GSM 1800 MHz MONITOR Serving Cell I Dedicated channe chann rs dBm WCC WNC LAC cell NCC BCC PWR RXLey C1 I chann TS timAdy PWR dBm D Chhod 532 36 74 466 32 083F 8D55 1 7 30 111 361 No connect ion OK CELL INFORMATION GPRS Monitor BCCH G PBCCH PAT WCC MNC NOM TA RAC Cell d 0592 466 92 2 00 OE OK NETWORK REGISTRATION Registered to home network rootBMoxa 2 10 W406 LX User s Manual Getting Started Configuring PIN for SIM Card To enable PIN use egprscmd pin enable xxxx xxxx refers to the default Pin value For the second connection simply use egprscmd pin xxxx for PIN authentication To disable PIN use egprscmd pin disable xxxx Doing so you don t need to do the PIN code authentication for the further Internet connection Please note that this command works only when the
72. te 921600 Divisor ENUM 8 Target Baud Rate 100 E g To calculate 500000 bps Divisor 1 ENUM 7 Inaccuracy 1 7 naccuracy should be less than 2 for work reliably Special Note Ifthe target baudrate is not a special baudrate e g 50 75 110 134 150 200 300 600 1200 1800 2400 4800 9600 19200 38400 57600 115200 230400 460800 921600 the termios cflag will be set to the same flag 2 Ifyou use tty to get the serial information you will get speed equal to 0 6 4 W406 LX Linux User s Manual Programmer s Guide Digital UO Digital Output channels can be set to high or low The channels are controlled by the function call set dout state The digital input channels can be used to detect the state change of the digital input signal The DI channels can also be used to detect whether or not the state of a digital signal changes during a fixed period of time This can be done by the function call set din event Moxa provides 5 function calls to handle the digital I O state change and event handling Application Programming Interface Return error code definitions define DIO ERROR PORT 1 no such port define DIO ERROR MODE 2 no such mode or state define DIO ERROR CONTROL 3 open or ioctl fail define DIO ERROR DURATION 4 The value of duration is not 0 or not in the range 40 lt duration lt 3600000 milliseconds 1 hour define DIO ERROR DURATION 20MS 5
73. ted into new editions of the publication Technical Support Contact Information www moxa com support Moxa Americas Toll free 1 888 669 2872 Tel 1 714 528 6777 Fax 1 714 528 6778 Moxa Europe Tel 49 89 3 70 03 99 0 Fax 49 89 3 70 03 99 99 Moxa China Shanghai office Toll free 800 820 5036 Tel 486 21 5258 9955 Fax 86 10 6872 3958 Moxa Asia Pacific Tel 886 2 8919 1230 Fax 886 2 8919 1231 Chapter 1 Chapter 2 Chapter 3 Chapter 4 Table of Contents lt tele EL d In EE 1 1 OVEIVIEW AEN en ae ead eee oe 1 2 Software Architecture n edite n trt e E DE t a b etre prs 1 2 Journaling Flash File System JFFS2 eese 1 3 Software Packages opran bas e eter Emm datas 1 4 Getting Started ooo oit teta n end ears Sac ce cela tee 2 1 Powering on the W406 LX esses eene enne nenne trennt Ee ENEE EE trennen RENES 2 2 Connecting the W406 LX toa PC iiem epe a EE RR poa ebh 2 2 Serial Console Komp eno eo aS Ue orate bate Pee nets 2 2 Acquiring the IP Address of the W406 LX sese 2 3 Telnet Console 5 et eee etie See n 2 4 SSH Console n nere amete ne te od ERO t HE Pee 2 5 Configuring the Ethernet Interface eese eene ener nre 2 6 Modifying Network Settings with the Serial Console Port ssesss 2 6 Modifying Network Settings by Command esee 2 7 USB Port for EXp nSsIOD teen o P
74. the file Ask your network administrator which DNS server address you should use The DNS server s IP address is specified with the nameserver command For example add the following line to etc resolv conf if the DNS server s IP address is 168 95 1 1 nameserver 168 95 1 1 10 120 53 100 PuTTY A A 1 root Moxa etc cat resolv conf resolv conf This file is the resolver configuration file See resolver 5 nameserver 192 168 1 16 nameserver 168 95 1 1 nameserver 140 115 1 31 nameserver 140 115 236 10 root Moxa etc etc nsswitch conf This file defines the sequence to resolve the IP address by using etc hosts file or etc resolv conf W406 LX User s Manual Managing Communications Web Service Apache The Apache web server s main configuration file is etc apache con httpd con with the default homepage located at home httpd htdocs index html Save your own homepage to the following directory home httpd htdocs Save your CGI page to the following directory home httpd cgi bin Before you modify the homepage use a browser such as Microsoft Internet Explorer or Mozilla Firefox from your PC to test if the Apache Web Server is working Type the IP address of LANI in the browser
75. to be on the same subnet as the W406 LX that you wish to contact If you do not get connected on the first try re check the IP settings and then unplug and re plug the W406 LX s power cord 2 4 W406 LX User s Manual Getting Started SSH Console The W406 LX supports an SSH Console to provide users with better security options Windows Users Click on the link http www chiark greenend org uk sgtatham putty download html to download PuTTY free software to set up an SSH console for the W406 LX in a Windows environment The following figure shows a simple example of the configuration that is required X PuTTY Configuration Category E Session Logging E Terminal Keyboard Bell Features Window Appearance Behaviour Translation Selection Colours amp Connection Data Proxy Telnet Rlogin H SSH Serial Linux Users Basic options for your PuTTY session Specify the destination you want to connect to Host Name or IP address Port 192 168 30 205 22 Connection type O Raw OTelnet ORlogin 9 SSH Serial Load save or delete a stored session Saved Sessions Default Settings ees 192 168 30 101 192 168 30 102 192 168 300 125 Save johnson debian share Delete Close window on exit Odlways ONever Only on clean exit From a Linux machine use the ssh command to access the W406 LX s console utility via SSH ssh 192 168 30 205 Select yes to complete the connectio
76. tval set dout state i 1 else if i 6 set low data printf Please keyin the DOUT number scanf d amp i retval set_dout_state i 0 else if i 7 quit break else if i 8 show event and duration printf Event n for j20 j MAX DOUT PORT j retval get din event j amp i amp duration switch i case DIN EVENT HIGH TO LOW printf htl 1u duration break case DIN EVENT LOW TO HIGH printf lth 1u duration break case DIN EVENT CLEAR printf clr 1u duration break default printf err break printf Nn else printf Select error please select again n switch retval case DIO ERROR PORT printf DIO error port n break case DIO ERROR MODE printf DIO error mode An break case DIO ERROR CONTROL printf DIO error control n break 6 9 W406 LX Linux User s Manual Programmer s Guide case DIO_ERROR_DURATION printf DIO error duratoin n case DIO_ERROR_DURATION_20MS printf DIO error The duratoin is not a multiple of 20 ms n break return 0 DIO Program Make File Example FNAME tdio CC arm linux gcc STRIP arm linux strip release CC o FNAME FNAME c lmoxalib lpthread STRIP s FNAME debug CC DDEBUG o FNAME dbg FNAME cxx lmoxalib lpthread clean bin rm f FNAME FNAME dbg o 6 10 7
77. ual Getting Started Setting Up the Wireless Module Use egprscmd to view all functions for setting up the wireless module Ii Tera Term COM YT File Edit Setup Control Window Help root Moxa ZU root Moxa ft root Moxa i ezprscmd gprscmd USAGE gt Automatically configure EGPRS setting gt use pppd connect internet gt hangup internet gt show connection status gt EGPRS diagnostic gt Input PIN egzprscmd pin enable disable PIN CODE gt enable disable PIN jesprscmd pin lt OLD PIN CODE lt NEW PIN CODE gt change PIN egprscmd pin puk lt PUK CODE gt lt NEW PIN CODE gt gt input PUK and new PIN legprscmd imsi gt display IMSI ezprscmd sms PHONE NUMBERS lt F FILE_NAWE gt or TEXT STRING gt Send SMS legprscmd smsread lt INDEX gt status date number context gt read selected SMS ezprscmd smsdel INDEX or all gt Delete all SMS by index pictas M XTIMEQUT sec gt Wait a SMS receviced default timeout is sec legprscmd cmd gt CLI for AT Command egprscmd smssettime lt YOUR PHONE NUM gt Time calibration by SMS lezgprscmd reset gt reset modem Configuring EGPRS Module Use egprscmd autoconf to automatically configure wireless module Please note that if a PIN code needs to be verified the code will be saved in etc chatscripts cpin when using egprscmd autoconfig APN will be checked when the SIM card is inserted The APN value will be saved
78. ulating a block device It is designed for use on flash ROM chips and recognizes the special write requirements of a flash ROM chip JFFS2 implements wear leveling to extend the life of the flash disk and stores the flash directory structure in the RAM A log structured file system is maintained at all times The system is always consistent even if it encounters crashes or improper power downs and does not require fsck file system check on boot up JFFS2 is the newest version of JFFS It provides improved wear leveling and garbage collection performance improved RAM footprint and response to system memory pressure improved concurrency and support for suspending flash erases marking of bad sectors with continued use of the remaining good sectors enhancing the write life of the devices native data compression inside the file system design and support for hard links The key features of JFFS2 are e Targets the Flash ROM Directly e Robustness e Consistency across power failures e No integrity scan fsck is required at boot time after normal or abnormal shutdown e Explicit wear leveling e Transparent compression 1 3 W406 LX User s Manual Introduction Although JFFS2 is a journaling file system this does not preclude the loss of data The file system will remain in a consistent state across power failures and will always be mountable However if the board is powered down during a write then the incomplete write will be rolle
79. unications In this example the policy accepts outgoing packets and denies incoming packets Append or delete rules NAT NOTE Usage iptables t table AI INPUT OUTPUT FORWARD io interface p tcp udp icmp all s IP network sport ports d IP network dport ports j ACCEPT DROP A Append one or more rules to the end of the selected chain I Insert one or more rules in the selected chain as the given rule number i Name of an interface via which a packet is going to be received o Name of an interface via which a packet is going to be sent p The protocol of the rule or of the packet to check S Source address network name host name network IP address or plain IP address sport Source port number d Destination address dport Destination port number j Jump target Specifies the target of the rules i e how to handle matched packets For example ACCEPT the packet DROP the packet or LOG the packet Examples Example 1 Accept all packets from lo interface iptables A INPUT i lo j ACCEPT Example 2 Accept TCP packets from 192 168 0 1 iptables A INPUT i eth0 p tcp s 192 168 0 1 j ACCEPT Example 3 Accept TCP packets from Class C network 192 168 1 0 24 iptables A INPUT i eth0 p tcp s 192 168 1 0 24 j ACCEPT Example 4 Drop TCP packets from 192 168 1 25 iptables A INPUT i eth0 p tcp s 192 168 1 25 j DROP Example 5 Drop TCP packets addressed
80. with the following CONNECT Wait for an answer Send a return null text followed by the usual return ogin username word password Log in with username and password Refer to the chat man page chat 8 for more information about the chat utility dev Specify the callout serial port 115200 The baudrate debug Log status in syslog crtscts Use hardware flow control between computer and modem at 115200 this is a must modem Indicates that this is a modem device pppd will hang up the phone before and after making the call defaultroute Once the PPP link is established make it the default route if you have a PPP link to the Internet this is probably what you want 192 1 1 17 This is a degenerate case of a general option of the form x x x x y y y y Here x x x x is the local IP address and y y y y is the IP address of the remote end of the PPP connection If this option is not specified or if just one side is specified then x x x x defaults to the IP address associated with the local machine s hostname located in etc hosts and y y y y is determined by the remote machine Example 2 Connecting to a PPP server over a hard wired link If a username and password are not required use the following command note that noipdefault is optional pppd connect chat v noipdefault dev ttyMO 19200 crtscts If a username and password is required use the following command note that noipdefault is optiona
81. xa ZU rootBMoxa 1 root Boa Jl ezprscmd smsread 1 context This is a SMS test root Moxa t ezprscmd smsread 1 status root Moxa i ezprscmd smsread 1 date 03 03 31 19 52 00432 root Moxa t egprscmd smsread 1 number 4885388713220 rootBMoxa lt Deleting a Message USE egprscmd smsdel 1 to delete the first message m Tera Term COM3 FI File Edit Setup Control Window Help rootBMoxa lt root Bloe 1t rootBMoxa ZU rootBMoxa i egprscmd smsdel 1 root BMoxa W406 LX User s Manual Getting Started Waiting an SMS to Be Received If you know a message is to be sent to you use egprscmd smswait When the message has been sent to you you will be informed on the screen For example the following screen indicates that the message has been sent to the W406 Di Tera Term COM3 FI File Edit Setup Control Window Help root BMoxa tt rootBMoxa 1t root amp hoxa 1t rootBMoxa lt root BHoxa 1 rootBMoxa i egprscmd smsdel 1 rootBMoxa l ezprscmd smswait 1 root Boa it li Changing to Command Line Interface for AT Command Use egprscmd cmd to change to the command line interface users may use AT command under this mode m Tera Term COM3 FI File Edit Setup Control Window Help OPEN AT gt at cpin OPEN AT gt att cpin W406 LX User s Manual Getting Started Adjusting System Time Use egprscmd smssettime Xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx refers to the mobile
82. y one key installed Running the program setkey multiple times causes the key to be overrided To prove the effectiveness of this software protection mechanism prepare a target computer that has not been installed an encryption key or install a key different from that used to encrypt your program In any case the encrypted program fails immediately This mechanism also allows the computer with an encryption key to bypass programs that are not encrypted Therefore in the development phase you can develop your programs and test them in the target computer cleanly A System Commands Linux normal command utility collection File manager Editor Network ee NO oe eng A OO ES uDmE cp Is In mount rm chmod chown chgrp sync mv pwd df mkdir rmdir vi cat zcat grep cut find more test sleep echo ping route netstat ifconfig tracerout tftp telnet ftp copy file list file make symbolic link file mount and check file system delete file change file access permissions change file owner change file group sync file system let system file buffer be saved to hardware move file display the current working directory list now file system space make new directory delete directory text editor dump file context compress or expand files search string on file get string on file find where the files are dump file by one page test file exist or not sleep seconds ec

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