MINAmI_WP7_D75_Nokia_PU_NEW
Contents
1. Contract IST 034690 Deliverable report WP7 D7 5 v2 Section 1 Executive summary 1 1 Description of the deliverable content and purpose This deliverable contains the functional specification of the MINAml second phase demonstrators to be presented after TM18 The only demonstrator that belongs to this group is T7 4 Memory download from passive tag As specified in D7 1 1 the primary target of this demonstrator is to demonstrate high speed downloading of data from a passive tag to a battery powered reader device mobile phone Compared to existing RFID technologies such as NFC the novelty in this case is dramatically increased memory capacity in the tag and communication speed in the order of tens of megabits per second and potentially also increased operating range In addition to the memory download from tag use case this demonstrator will also cover a more advanced scenario where the user can create content with his mobile phone e g take a picture and share it by writing uploading the data into a tag In the initial plans included in D7 1 the intention was to make an integrated demonstrator where an RFID reader prototype would have been attached into a mobile phone using some standard wired interface like USB However afterwards it has become clear that this is not a feasible approach and a better alternative is to split the demonstration into two clearly separate parts First the usability side can be addr2. y MINAMI Micro Nano integrated platform for transverse Ambient Intelligence applications FP6 Contract IST 034690 o MINAMI B d WP07 Demonstration validation amp exploitation Deliverable report Deliverable ID D7 5 v2 demonstrators updated PROPRIETARY RIGHTS STATEMENT This document contains information which is proprietary to the MINAMI Consortium Neither this document nor the information contained herein shall be used duplicated or communicated by any means to any third party in whole or in parts except with prior written consent of the MINAMI consortium o MINAMI Document Information Contract IST 034690 Deliverable report WP7 D7 5 v2 MINAmI_WP7_D7 5 v2 Document ID D7 5 v2 Final Revision Date 13 11 2009 Author NOKIA Confidential Approvals Name Company _ Technical Pascal ANCEY STFr _ 13 11 2009 Coordinator ID WP leader Miguel Angel Santiago T 21 09 2009 OK Documents history Revision Date Modification Authors _ 31 03 2008 Final version of the document NOKIA 22 07 2009 Comments to include test report 08 09 2009 Contribution from NOKIA use case demonstrator NOKIA TID technology demonstrator and Test Report 21 09 2009 Final version of the document NOKIA TID 13 11 2009 Validation Pascal Ancey Doc name MINAm L WP7_D7 5 v2 Date 13 11 09 ID D7 5 v2 Security Confidential Revision Final Page 2 25 o MINAMI ao
3. Measurement equipment such as spectrum analyzers or oscilloscopes can be also connected to the demonstrator Doc name MINAm L WP7_D7 5 v2 Date 13 11 09 ID D7 5 v2 Security Confidential Revision Final Page 13 25 Contract IST 034690 Ps Deliverable report WP7 D7 5 v2 ee 3 3 Behavioural specification This section summarizes the main objectives of the air interface demonstrator At a very coarse level it is essential to demonstrate the following two features 1 interrogation reader must detect that a tag is within its operating range and identify the tag 2 fast data transfer target is 10 Mbit s These two main objectives are discussed in more detail below 3 3 1 Interrogation The term interrogation is used here to refer to the initialization of communication between a reader and a tag During interrogation a reader attempts to detect the tags that are within its operating range A typical interrogation procedure consists of the following steps Reader sends a pre defined query command that is intended to reach all proximate tags The tags that respond to the query command following a pre defined protocol Reader detects and decodes the responses to identify the tags The basic steps listed above are basically the same in existing NFC and EPCGlobal standards An additional requirement that is characteristic to the I UWB air interface that is under development in WP3 is the need for accurate timing synchroni
4. A ie IM poo nny 1 I 1 cmd id offset size byteo byte1 Byte N 1 CRC Status write bytes bytes checksu code Location to be written Write data vla from reader to byte offset from memory base tag Figure 7 Write command and response 3 4 4 Interfaces towards the test laptop As shown in Figure 5 the digital test card can be connected into a laptop The digital board features an USB 2 0 controller that allows easy and fast connectivity between the laptop and the test board Alternatively or additionally the digital board features also an UART so that the laptop can be connected through its serial port The connection between the laptop and the tag emulator can be used for various purposes for example to initialize the memory of the tag using some multimedia content that is available on the laptop This makes it possible to implement the enhanced demonstrator setup that was illustrated in Figure 4 At the reader side the data that is received from the tag can be forwarded to the laptop for post processing In case of the enhanced demonstrator shown in Figure 4 this would mean presenting the received image data on the laptop screen Doc name MINAm L WP7_D7 5 v2 Date 13 11 09 ID D7 5 v2 Security Confidential Revision Final Page 18 25 o MINAMI Contract IST 034690 Deliverable report WP7 D7 5 v2 Section 4 Test Report This Test Report contains the testing activities done for Memory tags demonstrator The follo
5. an UWB RFID transceiver is shown in Figure 5 The same setup is planned to be used to emulate both the reader and the tag functionality Depending on the configuration data and SW image that is loaded to the FPGA device the same hardware can act either as a reader or as a tag The different components in Figure 5 are described below Doc name MINAm L WP7_D7 5 v2 Date 13 11 09 ID D7 5 v2 Security Confidential Revision Final Page 15 25 Contract IST 034690 la Deliverable report WP7 D7 5 v2 n Analog RF LETI responsibility one el S Contig amp 4 Control S data post BIASING processing Antenna card etc eat a Synchronisation logic FPGA algorithm RX data embedded SW capture TX data Pulse generation etc detection Clock Quench reference generator oe v Digital domain Nokia responsibility WP7 effort Figure 5 Reader tag emulator block diagram As shown in Figure 5 the hardware can be roughly divided into two parts analog RF side on the left hand side and digital part in the right hand side The same division is also used to split the responsibilities between WP3 and WP7 The RF front end and analog part consists of multiple test cards that are tailored to perform some specific function of the transceiver A biasing card is used to generate the bias current and voltages that are needed by the transceiver IC which resides on another test card The purpose of using a dedicat
6. both download cases the movie clip is already pre installed in the phone and the demo application simply emulates the time that it would take to download the file either from the tag or via internet If the user selects the third option buy tickets the phone ask confirmation to create a call to the telephone number that is stored in the tag By selecting Yes the user can call this number and reserve tickets for the movie The demo application can be closed either by pressing the finish button or alternatively pressing the red end call button 5 2 Installation Manual The SW implementation of the memory denwload from passive tag demonstrator consists of two separate applications TagWriter and MINAmITag TagWriter application is used to write the necessary configuration data to an NFC tag MINAmITag is the actual demo application that is automatically launched when the mobile phone detects an NFC tag within its reading range Both of these applications are implemented as Java MIDLets and they can be installed to the phone Nokia 6212 NFC using the Nokia PC suite For both applications the installer consists of a single jar file for example TagWriter jar 5 2 1 Initialization of the NFC tag using TagWriter When TagWriter is started the application prints two choices write or read Select write to enter write mode Next the following information can be entered title of the tag name
7. data transfer will continue even after the user has been notified that transfer was completed The application must handle this in the background so that the user does not notice any additional delay As mentioned earlier the operation of the consumer phone is basically the same as in the movie trailer download case The key difference is that instead of using a video clip that is pre loaded into the phone memory the video clip is now pre loaded into the phone from the laptop over Bluetooth Because Bluetooth is not fast enough to emulate MINAml RFID technology it is necessary to start the data transfer from laptop to consumer phone before the user has even touched the tag In practice this can be implemented so that whenever the producer phone transfers a new file into the laptop the server program running on the laptop must notify the consumer phone so that transferring of the new file to consumer phone begins immediately To ensure smooth operation there must be enough delay between writing a file to the tag and reading the tag with another phone Before the tag is read the BT transfer that was initiated in the previous write operation must be completed Assuming that the BT connection can reach 1 Mbit s transfer rate which is 10 of the nominal requirement in WPS 10 Mbit s the ratio between real simulated transfer speed is 1 10 In other words the actual data transfer takes ten times longer than what is shown to the user A fil
8. enable smooth operation the Bluetooth connections are set up in advance before the demonstration is shown to the test users Both the producer phone and the consumer phone are connected to the laptop using normal Bluetooth pairing A server program is started on the laptop and it takes care of the following tasks 1 allow the producer phone to write content to the database 2 generate a main menu that is shown for the consumer phone 3 allow the consumer phone to download content from the database In item 2 above the main menu refers to the information that is presented on the consumer phone screen when it touches the tag This can be for example a list of filenames that are available in the tag Additional information can be provided too but the main point is that the content is not static and therefore the main menu cannot be static either For simplicity the following assumptions restrictions are made only video clips are transferred to from the tag video clips are in 3GP format default video file format in the 6131 model video clips are stored in the default location within phone file system Gallery gt Video Clips The operation of the sharing application in producer phone i e the steps involved in writing a video clip to the tag are listed below It is assumed that the consumer phone user already has a video clip stored in the default location in her phone using the default naming convention i e the f
9. good video attached to the reader prototype via quality USB connection 4 2 Bugs Report There are no bugs to report Doc name MINAm L WP7_D7 5 v2 Date 13 11 09 ID D7 5 v2 Security Confidential Revision Final Page 22 25 o MINAMI ao Contract IST 034690 Deliverable report WP7 D7 5 v2 Section 5 Demonstrator Manuals 5 1 User Manual This section describes how to use the memory download from passive tag demonstrator Initiating the download is very simple the user does not have to start any application or press any key it is enough to simply touch the tag with the mobile phone When user touches the memory tag with her mobile phone the title of the movie clip is displayed on the phone screen followed by these three options download from tag download via internet buy tickets The first option download from tag is the default action If the user touches the tag again this action is selected automatically Alternatively the user can manually select any of the options listed above using the navigation buttons of the phone When download from tag or via internet is selected the movie clip stored in the tag is transferred into the mobile phone After the data transfer is complete the Media Player application is automatically lauched and the movie clip can be shown on the phone screen Note that the download via internet option does not require an active internet connection In
10. item in the above list is to present the tag content to the user consumer phone in a user friendly way For example if the tag contains lots of movie clips that are rated as described above an obvious solution would be to present the tag content to the user in such a way that the top rated movies are shown first Another option would be to always present the most recent items first regardless of their rating In either case the point is that the view that is shown to the user is not static but it must be generated dynamically Note that the two new features listed above are not specified in detail here because they are relatively new ideas and tt is still unclear what is the most suitable way to implement them from usability perspective These issues should be further studied in WP1 task T1 2 Usage patterns and design requirements but it is not clear if there are enough resources available The interactions that are involved in writing content to the tag i e the operation of the producer phone are as follows 1 user captures a video clip using the camera integrated into the phone 2 the video clip is stored in the phone memory happens automatically 3 user decides to share the clip by uploading it to the tag Doc name MINAmL WP7_D7 5 v2 Date 13 11 09 ID D7 5 v2 Security Confidential Revision Final Page 10 25 Contract IST 034690 Ps Deliverable report WP7 D7 5 v2 Seabee 4 user launches the sharing applicatio
11. of the movie size of the data movie clip in megabytes location of the movie file c gallery video lt filename gt 3gp Doc name MINAm L WP7_D7 5 v2 Date 13 11 09 ID D7 5 v2 Security Confidential Revision Final Page 23 25 o MINAMI cre gom Contract IST 034690 Deliverable report WP7 D7 5 v2 telephone number for ticket reservation The title text should be set to match the movie clip that is used in the demo Size of the clip can be set to any value and it is used to adjust the transfer delay Total transfer delay is calculated based on file size and assumed transfer speed The third parameter is the location of the movie The movie clip should be in 3gp format and stored in the video clip gallery of the phone The final parameter to be written to the tag is the telephone number for ticket reservation Any number valid or invalid can be entered to this field When all of the data fields described above have been filled in the information can be written to an NFC tag by touching the tag with the mobile phone The data is permanently stored in the tag and this action needs to be done only once for each tag 5 2 2 Running the MINAmITag application After the MINAmITag application has been installed there is no need for any further configurations The demo application will launch automatically whenever the mobile phone detects an NFC tag that has been programmed using the instructions described in the pr
12. to tag The reader shall be capable of powering ohne ve the battery less RF tag at least the communication functions with UHF RF signal Powering of active sensors NOK RD 002 It shall not be necessary to power up any active sensors attached to the RF tag UHF transmitter It shall be sufficient to use a separated NOK RD 003 UHF transmitter attached to the reader i e integrated transmitter is not compulsory Data transfer between reader and NOK PR 004 phone memory Mobile phone should contain an interface Doc name MINAmL WP7_D7 5 v2 ID D7 5 v2 Revision Final o MINAMI cre beyond MINAmi scope See above Memory capacity is limited only by available power Not possible to test until fully integrated solution is available All communication between reader and tag is protected by CRC This requirement is no longer valid listed as lt obsolete gt in D7 12 This requirement is no longer valid listed as lt obsolete gt in D7 12 This requirement is no longer valid listed as lt obsolete gt in D7 12 Verified by simulations and link budget calculations but cannot be tested until fully integrated solution is available beyond MINAmi scope This requirement is no longer valid listed as lt obsolete gt in D7 12 A separate UHF transmitter is used This requirement is no longer valid listed as lt obsolete gt in D7 12 Date 13 11 09 Security Confidential Pa
13. to the phone but the progress of the data transfer can be easily emulated by showing a progress bar on the phone screen so that the user is under an illusion that data is actually being transferred wirelessly Even if the current NFC tags cannot provide fast data transfer they can still be used to transfer small amounts of data such as URLs or an SMS message This NFC feature is utilized in this demonstrator and the following parameters plain text are stored into the tag movie title name of the movie clip identifies the file within phone file system size of the file in bytes The movie title is simply the name of the movie in plain text When user touches the tag the first thing displayed in the menu that prompts for further user actions is the movie name The second parameter is the name of the actual movie clip that is already preloaded into the phones internal memory This parameter is used to link a tag into a file within the phone and it can be used for example to make a poster with multiple tags each containing a reference to a different movie clip The file size is an essential parameter when emulating the data transfer speed The demo application can check what is the size of the file to be transferred and divide it by the emulated data rate e g 10Mbit s to calculate the total transfer delay in seconds This information is then used to determine how fast the visual progress bar is updated and as a result the data transf
14. 1 Use case demonstrator aaaaaannaannannnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnunnnnnnnnunnnnnnn 6 2 1 275 310 2 CMO p soosse nia R R EEr ENEN EE 6 2 2 Memory download from passive tag aaaaaaaaaaaaaavnan nnnunnnnunnnunnunnnnnnnnnnnnnunnnnunnunun 6 2 2 1 Structural specification aaiaaaaaanaaaannnnnnnnnnannnnnannnnnnnnnnanannnnnanannannnanannanananauaaa 6 2 2 2 Behavioral specification aaiaaanaaannaannaannaannannnnnnnnnnnannnnnnnannannnnannnnnnannnannnnaannd 7 2225 IMPENAN ON enika EAEE une ouearacoaseeie R S EEE pa 8 2 3 Social media based ON MASS memory tags a a aaananaaannnv n nun nnnunnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnn 9 234 1116 bez E1012 6 11 0211 0 q esere EE E r 9 2 3 2 Behavioral description a aaaaaaaaaanaanaaaaanaananaaaanaaanaananaananaannnannnananannannnnannnanna 10 233 NIM TINS YAU atest stran a a r a A a r R 11 Section 3 17 4 part 2 Technology demonstrator aaaaxnnaannnnaannanunnunnnanunnnnnnnununnnnununa 13 3 1 Brif descriptio BNNSSANENNVUNN NR SR 13 3 2 Structural specification 22aaaaaaaaauaannunnnnnnnnunnnnnunnnnnnnnunnnnnunnnunnnnnnnunnnnnnnnnunnnna 13 3 3 Behavioural specification aa2aaa2aanzaannnnunnnunnnunnunnnnnnnnnunnnnnnnunnnnunnnunnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnna 14 563 16112 11010 211106 SORRRRSYRR ERD 14 3 3 2 Data transfer between reader and tag aaianaaananaaan sannnsnanananananananannnnaai 14 3 4 implementation vansa asas aa R n 15 3 4 1 Har
15. WP7 D7 5 v2 n In step 5 listed above the progress of the data transfer must be scaled so that it corresponds to the data rate that is expected as a result from the technology development in WP3 2 2 3 Implementation The demo implementation is based on NFC technology which is already available on the market An NFC enabled mobile phone Nokia 6131 NFC is used to emulate a MINAmI compatible handset NFC tags are available in a very convenient sticker form factor that are easily embedded in a poster these are used in place of a MINAmI tag The interaction sequence discussed in previous subsection involves two technical challenges 1 the service movie clip download must be activated by just touching the poster 2 the data must be transferred to the phone very fast at least 1OMbit s A solution to the first item is already available in NFC technology The NFC standard includes a Smart Poster Record Type Definition that is tailored exactly for this kind of use cases However due to the limitations in memory capacity of NFC tags and NFC transfer speed lt 1Mb s it is not possible to implement the data transfer with NFC technology A workaround to the data transfer challenge is to use a simple but effective conjuring trick as follows Instead of actually transferring the movie clip from the tag to the phone the movie is copied to the phone file system in advance This means that there is no need to transfer any data from the tag
16. ample there is no external prototyping hardware attached to the phone and the tag is hidden on the backside of the poster This is well inline with the requirements described earlier in this section 2 2 2 Behavioral specification The following excerpt from D7 1 is a very high level description of the scenario that this demonstrator is based on Mary 25 years is relaxing in her sofa and reading a magazine covering the latest movies from Hollywood and elsewhere After spotting an advertisement from a magazine she touches the page and a movie trailer and additional into how to book tickets are downloaded to her mobile After pressing the start button the trailer is played in the mobile The trailer will end with a possibility to order tickets The interactions that are Included in the demonstration are as follows 1 user decides to download a movie trailer from the poster to her phone 2 User activates the service by touching the tag with her phone a menu is displayed on the phone screen showing the movie title and a confirmation if the user wants to initiate download 4 once user accepts to initiate download the data transfer begins 5 progress of the data transfer is indicated visually on the phone screen 6 when download is finished phone prompts user to start playback Doc name MINAm L WP7_D7 5 v2 Date 13 11 09 ID D7 5 v2 Security Confidential Revision Final Page 7 25 Contract IST 034690 Ps Deliverable report
17. dware setup naannaaanaaanaaaanaaaaaannaaanaaanananannaannaannannnannnannnannnaannannnnanannanannaannaa 15 342 NMMCTOG AMOI rx aad a R aR 17 343 Data COMMUNICATION sirnaa aa aeina A I H l 17 3 4 4 Interfaces towards the test laptop a naaaiaaaaaaaaanaaanaanananaanaaanaaaanaananaaaanaa 18 Secon 4 TEST TROD OI rociis knas ada nda sl VU Na d a a KO ga Sl Ei 19 4 1 HEM OPO ON ecco S S NT 19 4 1 1 Requirements tested a iaaiaaanaaannaannaannnannannnnnnnnannannnnnnannnnnnnnnnnnnananannnani 19 Alka POSE GASCS LOSI EE E E E EE EEEE eee 22 4 2 BUGS TROD ON ccrois iaaa aE EAEAN 22 Section 5 Demonstrator Manuals aannnannnnan gt navna nnnunnnnnunnnnnnnnnnunnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnna 23 5 1 User Mantal soens EEE AE E 23 5 2 BENS Tat AOR NAAN 2usanassassunsrensunusnaanuanadannaun ananas a n a N N R N KORN Ea 23 5 2 1 Initialization of the NFC tag using TagWriter aaaaaaaaaaaananaaananannnaaanaaaanaa 23 5 2 2 Running the MINAmITag application ccccccseeccceeeeceeeecseeeeseeeeseneesseeesseeeeaaees 24 Docname MINAmI_WP7_D7 5v2 Date 13 11 09 ID D7 5 v2 Security Confidential Revision Final Page 5 25 Contract IST 034690 Paes Deliverable report WP7 D7 5 v2 r Section 2 T7 4 part 1 Use case demonstrator 2 1 Brief description This section describes the look n feel part of the T7 4 demonstrator The target is to make a very product l
18. e size of 10 Mbit 1 25Mbytes is quite reasonable for a small video clip with 176x144 resolution Based on the assumptions made above transferring this file from producer phone to laptop and from laptop to consumer phone would take 2 x 10Mbit 1 Mbit s 20 seconds However from the users point of view producer phone the data transfer to tag appears to be complete in only one second This must be taken into account in the demo arrangements Similarly as in the previous case the demo application in the phone is implemented as a Java MIDlet using the Nokia 6131 NFC SDK The RFID part is based on NFC The communication between the mobile phones and the laptop is handled over Bluetooth Some very lightweight proprietary protocol must be developed so that the server program running on the laptop can offer the basic services to the phones The minimum set of services that need to be implemented is summarized below upload file to the database get list of files in the database download file from the database Doc name MINAm L WP7_D7 5 v2 Date 13 11 09 ID D7 5 v2 Security Confidential Revision Final Page 12 25 o MINAmI Contract IST 034690 Deliverable report WP7 D7 5 v2 Section 3 T7 4 part 2 Technology demonstrator 3 1 Brief description This part of the T7 4 demonstrator concentrates on the technological aspects of the mass memory download from tag scenario While the use case demonstrator described
19. ed biasing card is mainly to avoid the need of large laboratory equipment and to make the demonstrator setup more portable The actual I UWB transceiver chip is on a separate test card marked as RF FE in Figure 5 This part contains the super regenerative I UWB receiver The demodulation card demodulates received signal so that it can be passed in digital format to the digital part An essential parameter that is required for successfully demodulate the received signal is the threshold i e the amplitude level that represents the boundary between 0 and 1 symbols This value is configured by the digital part as shown in Figure 5 The quench generator board is used to generate the timing control signal a k a quench required by the I UWB receiver The quench generator board can be used to control the timing of the I UWB receiver with sub nanosecond resolution The digital signal processing and control is included in one test card The key part in the digital card is a large Altera Cyclone II FPGA device that can be configured to run either tag or reader algorithms The following tasks that are done in the digital domain are common to both tag and reader modes Doc name MINAm WP7_D7 5 v2 Date 13 11 09 ID D7 5 v2 Security Confidential Revision Final Page 16 25 o MINAMI ae Contract IST 034690 Deliverable report WP7 D7 5 v2 TX data encoding RX data decoding and error detection RX threshold level se
20. er delay perceived by the user is same as would be available using a real MINAmlI tag The close proximity of mobile phone to the tag is also monitored during the data transfer If the mobile phone is pulled away more than few centimeters the data transfer is stopped and the user is informed to move the phone closer to the tag Doc name MINAm LWP7_D7 5 v2 Date 13 11 09 ID D7 5 v2 Security Confidential Revision Final Page 8 25 Contract IST 034690 Deliverable report WP7 D7 5 v2 MINAMI The equipment used in the demonstrator includes an Nokia 6131 NFC handset and one or more NFC tags that are available in sticker format The hardware is not modified in any way The demo application in the phone is implemented as a Java MIDlet using the Nokia 6131 NFC Software Developers Kit SDK that is available for download at Nokia website The implementation is based on standard protocols NFCIP 1 2 for RFID communication 3GP format for video clips thus there is no need to develop any proprietary protocols for this demonstrator 2 3 Social media based on mass memory tags 2 3 1 Structural specification An overview of this part of the use case demonstration is presented in Figure 2 The purpose of this setup is to enable a social media use case so that the content in a mass memory tag can be dynamically updated by the users For example a user may take a picture with her camera phone and share it with other use
21. essed using an off the shelf mobile handset existing wireless technologies and some clever tricks to give the test user an illusion that the technology is actually integrated into the product Secondly the technological side part i e the new RFID air interface is demonstrated separately and it focuses clearly on the technical issues without having the need to adhere to productization constraints like miniaturization for example The following part of this document is structured so that the usability part of the demonstrator is first discussed in Section 2 It is followed by a description of the technology demonstrator in Section 3 A test report is included in Section 4 Section 5 includes the user manual and installation guide Doc name MINAm L WP7_D7 5 v2 Date 13 11 09 ID D7 5 v2 Security Confidential Revision Final Page 3 25 o MINAMI cre gom Signification Bit Error Rate Bluetooth Cyclic Redundancy Check FPGA Field Programmable Gate Array Contract IST 034690 Deliverable report WP7 D7 5 v2 Doc name MINAmI_WP7_D7 5 v2 Date 13 11 09 ID D7 5 v2 Security Confidential Revision Final Page 4 25 Contract IST 034690 E Deliverable report WP7 D7 5 v2 sagan Section 1 Executive SUMMary saaaazannnannn nnnnnnnnnunnnnunnnnnunnnnnunnnnnunnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnannn annan nana n nunna 3 1 1 Description of the deliverable content and pUrpose a aaa aaannvvvnnnnnnunnnnna 3 Section 2 17 4 part
22. evious section Doc name MINAm L WP7_D7 5 v2 Date 13 11 09 ID D7 5 v2 Security Confidential Revision Final Page 24 25 o MINAmI Contract IST 034690 Deliverable report WP7 D7 5 v2 References 1 _ MINAmI delivarable D7 1 Basic requirements from application participants v1 1 2 ISO IEC 18092 Information technology Telecommunication and information exchange between systems Near Field Communication Interface and Protocol NFCIP 1 Doc name MINAm WP7_D7 5 v2 Date 13 11 09 ID D7 5 v2 Security Confidential Revision Final Page 25 25
23. ge 21 25 o MINAMI cre Contract IST 034690 Deliverable report WP7 D7 5 v2 fast enough for wired data transfer from the reader hardware to the memory of mobile phone 4 1 2 Test Cases tested The test cases to be tested appear in the document D7 14 Jest amp validation plan for the final set of demonstrators TestCaseTAG __ _ Description Status Comments _ Tag detection When a memory tag is in the readers proximity the reader must detect the presence of the tag and automatically establish a communication link with the tag Detection and The reader device is configured to identification of continuously scan for any possible tag tag and TC_1T74_01 within its reading distance When a tag anes connection setup is detected the reader attempts to belweenmteadar establish a bi directional communication and tag works as link with the tag If the communication expected link is working then the end user is notified that a tag is found The user may also be prompted to initiate further actions for example initiate data transfer Data transfer from tag to reader When the reader has detected that a tag is Video transfer present in its operating field the end and playback user can initiate data transfer from tag to works Transfer TC _T74 02 reader QVGA video stream is speed is good transferred from tag to reader and the enough to enable video is displayed on the laptop that is
24. ike demonstrator that can be used for example to evaluate the use cases with test users From end user viewpoint it is important that the demo can emulate the same user experience that would be available in a real product that uses MINAmI technology For example the data transfer speed perceived by the user must be no less than what is the target setting in MINAmI WP3 10 Mbit s Also the demo equipment must work smoothly so that when the user touches a tag for example some kind of visual haptic or other feedback must occur immediately The form factor of the demo equipment must be also taken into account ideally the hardware in this case the phone should appear unmodified to the user Note that the requirements listed above make it impratical to build an integrated demonstrator that would utilize the new MINAmI RFID technology in such a way that it can be used from a mobile phone This is one of the reasons for abandoning the original plan of making one integrated demonstrator This part of the T7 4 demonstrator is based on two main uses cases namely memory download from a passive tag and social media based on mass memory tags The first use case features only unidirectional data transfer from tag to phone The latter use case is an extension of the first use case and it involves also writing data from phone to tag These use cases call for two different kinds of demonstration arrangements that are specified in detail in the f
25. ile name is Video 3gp where is a running number 1 When the sharing application is launched it searches the latest video file from the Gallery in phone memory based on the file name or optionally file timestamp 2 A pop up window is displayed to the user showing the file name and asking permission to start upload Doc name MINAm L WP7_D7 5 v2 Date 13 11 09 ID D7 5 v2 Security Confidential Revision Final Page 11 25 Contract IST 034690 Deliverable report WP7 D7 5 v2 MINAMI Once user select OK the user is prompted to touch the tag with the phone The application suspends and waits until it detects that an NFC tag has been touched The selected file is transferred to the laptop over the pre configured BT connection A progress bar is shown to indicate user status of the simulated data transfer When the simulated transfer delay is passed the user is notified that transfer is complete The actual file transfer over BT connection continues until it is completed Ra ed eco In step 6 in the above sequence the duration of the simulated data transfer delay is determined similarly as in the movie trailer download demo file size divided by assumed MINAml tag transfer rate Note that the actual data transfer over Bluetooth from phone to the laptop will take more time than the simulated delay because the Bluetooth transfer rate is much lower than the simulated data rate This means that the BI
26. in previous section aims to emulate the user experience by using whatever technologies are currently on the market the purpose of this part is to show that it is technically possible to implement a passive mass memory tag As the usability demonstration is done separately some of the requirements for this technology demonstrator are relaxed For example the demonstrator does not need to be miniaturized This technology demonstrator focuses on the high data rate impulse UWB I UWB air interface that is developed in WP3 The high speed data transfer between a mobile reader and a tag is the key differentiating factor when comparing against existing RFID technologies like NFC The planning and implementation of the demonstrator is done in tight co operation between WP3 and WP7 3 2 Structural specification An overview of the demonstration setup is shown in Figure 3 Reader config Tag config amp amp control reader tag control emulator emulator Measurement equipment Figure 3 Illustrative picture of the technology demonstrator The main components in the demonstration are the reader emulator and tag emulator As shown in Figure 3 both of these are built from custom made test boards For configuration and control a laptop is attached to both the reader and the tag emulator In addition to controlling the reader tag hardware the laptops can be also used for demonstration purposes such as visualization of data transfer progress
27. lculations but cannot be tested until fully integrated solution is available Doc name MINAmL WP7_D7 5 v2 ID D7 5 v2 Revision Final Date 13 11 09 Security Confidential Page 20 25 Contract IST 034690 Deliverable report WP7 D7 5 v2 Power extraction in the tag The tag shall be able to generate enough NOK TAG 001 energy for wireless communication from the UHF signal transmitted by the reader that no external battery is needed Tag interrogation The tag shall be able to automatically NOK TAG 002 initialize wireless communication and start transferring data when interrogator signal is activated by the reader Memory capacity of the tag Memory capacity of the tag shall at least MOR RUEGOS 64 Mbits Feasibility of 1 Gbit memory capacity implementation shall be studied Robustness against transmission errors and powering failures NOK RB 001 The memory content in the tag shall not corrupt upon data transfer or remote powering failures HW interface between reader and phone The reader component shall be connected to the mobile phone using selected high speed standard connector e g USB Reader phone interface performance The interface between reader component and the mobile phone shall not significantly limit system performance Reader component physical dimensions NOK PHR 001 The reader component shall be small enough to be attached to the mobile phone cover Wireless power transfer from reader
28. n and touches the tag to initiate upload amenu is displayed on the phone screen prompting the user to confirm if it is OK to upload data once user accepts to initiate upload she is prompted to touch the tag when phone touches the tag data transfer begins progress of the data transfer is indicated visually on the phone screen when data upload is finished the phone returns to default mode Ul a F S The sharing application that is launched in step 4 above can be implemented in different ways In the simplest form the application always uploads the most recent video clip file that has been captured with the phone camera This kind of functionality is sufficient to demonstrate the use case A more advanced sharing application could also offer possibility to select any video clip or any file in general in the phone memory to be uploaded into the tag This would add more flexibility to the demonstration but it is not a mandatory requirement 2 3 3 Implementation The Bluetooth enabled laptop shown in Figure 2 plays a central role in the demonstration setup It implements the functionality of the mass memory tag The actual tag that is visible to the users is an NFC tag that is only used to trigger different activities in the application that is running on the phone and all data transfers are carried over the Bluetooth connections The phone model used in the demonstration is Nokia NFC 6131 which includes both NFC and Bluetooth support To
29. of the wireless link between the reader and the tag While pseudo random data is suitable for testing the physical characteristics of the UWB link it is not very suitable for demonstration purposes Assuming that the data transfer will work as expected the next phase in the demonstrator is to transfer some real multimedia data between the tag emulator and reader emulator to convince the audience that the Doc name MINAm L WP7_D7 5 v2 Date 13 11 09 ID D7 5 v2 Security Confidential Revision Final Page 14 25 o MINAmI Contract IST 034690 Deliverable report WP7 D7 5 v2 technology really works and to demonstrate the data transfer speed in a form that is understood by a non technical audience reader tag emulator emulator Dir pars ir pin eae as Pa wee ee ee eee eK KH Figure 4 Illustrative picture of an enhanced technology demonstrator Figure 4 illustrates an enhanced version of the technology demonstrator setup that was shown in Figure 3 For demonstration purposes a digital camera is connected to the laptop that is attached to the tag emulator Instead of using some random binary sequences the data to be transmitted over the air interface can now be digital images captured by the camera and transferred to the tag emulator by the laptop At the receiving side reader the received data is displayed graphically on the screen of the second laptop 3 4 Implementation 3 4 1 Hardware setup A block diagram of
30. ollowing two subsections 2 2 Memory download from passive tag 2 2 1 Structural specification An overview of this part of the demonstrator is shown in Figure 1 The main components that constitute the demonstrator are 1 a mobile phone capable of reading RFID tags 2 one or more passive RFID tags 3 a poster that the tag s are attached to The mobile phone is used to activate the memory download and also display the content to the user In this case the content is a movie trailer that is downloaded to the phone and displayed on the phone screen The passive tag provides the user with an interface to the service and the service can be accessed using the touch paradigm that is one of the key characteristics in MINAmI technologies The role of the poster is to draw the user s attention to the service and potentially also give some guidance on how to use the service The RFID tag that actually provides the service is embedded in the poster so that it is not even visible to the user Doc name MINAm L WP7_D7 5 v2 Date 13 11 09 ID D7 5 v2 Security Confidential Revision Final Page 6 25 Contract IST 034690 R J Deliverable report WP7 D7 5 v2 x ma wireless powering Gaeta 112 0 ETP an ee nab mnm m pe ee BEE Wireless data transfer Passive RFID tag Figure 1 Memory download from passive tag demo As can be seen from Figure 1 this is a very product like demonstrator For ex
31. producer phone can write content to the database though the Bluetooth connection Similarly the consumer phone can read from the database using Bluetooth 2 3 2 Behavioral description The key feature in this demonstration is the dynamic updating of the mass memory tag content In the previous case movie trailer download the memory tag contained only static data to which the user only had read access In this extended version it is also possible for users to generate their own content and write it to the tag so that other users can access it From the consumer phone point of view the behavior is basically identical to the movie trailer case The user accesses the tag in the same way as before the only difference being that now the content is not fixed but it can changed by other users In this demonstrator the tag is used as a social media comparable to for example the very popular YouTube portal that is accessible via internet In order to provide better user experience to the consumer phone user the following additional functionality should be included in the demonstration 1 rating of content 2 dynamically generated main menu for the tag In the first item listed above the idea is that the user who downloads content from the tag can also provide some feedback and store it into the tag A simple scenario would be that the user can rate movie clip stored on a tag using a scale from 1 to 5 The purpose of the second
32. r and tag are in timing synchronization and it is possible to initiate actual data communication The tag enters a slave mode so that it only tries to receive incoming commands from the reader but does not initiate any activity on its own The reader acts as a master in the communication and it can either read data from the tag or write data to the tag by sending commands to the tag A minimal set of commands that is needed is one command for reading data tag gt reader and one for writing data reader gt tag The communication protocol between reader and tag is not yet defined but an exemplary format for the read from tag and write to tag commands is shown in the two figures below Size indicator Number of Command bytes to be read 4 bytes Tag returns data from the specified identifier 1 byte memory location h h N e F TES NS z cmd id offset size CRC byteo byte Byte N 1 CRC 222 2v V V V Yess u27 Location to be read ERE Checksum CRC Checksum byte offset from memory base 2 bytes 2 bytes Figure 6 Read command and response Doc name MINAmI_WP7_D7 5 v2 Date 13 11 09 ID D7 5 v2 Security Confidential Revision Final Page 17 25 Contract IST 034690 Peas Deliverable report WP7 D7 5 v2 ne t T Size indicator Number of Command bytes to be written 4 bytes CRC Checksum Tag returns status identifier 1 byte 2 bytes code success failure es Ne en
33. rs by uploading the image file into the tag _ Phone 1 producer s V v 5 Phone 2 a TJ consumer 4 BT enabled laptop Content database in laptop HDD e e e o gt BT connection EP gt NFC connection Figure 2 Social media based on mass memory tags In Figure 2 the upper half that is above the dashed line is the part that is visible to the user The main components in this part are 1 a passive mass memory tag that provides both write and read access to shared content 2 phone 1 or user 1 that generates some multimedia content and shares it with others by writing uploading it to the tag 3 phone 2 or user 2 that reads the shared content from the tag Doc name MINAmI_ WP7_D7 5 v2 Date 13 11 09 ID D7 5 v2 Security Confidential Revision Final Page 9 25 Contract IST 034690 Ps Deliverable report WP7 D7 5 v2 S S Phone 1 and phone 2 are hereafter referred to as producer phone and consumer phone respectively As there are no mass memory tags currently available the demonstration setup includes some additional equipment that are needed to emulate the missing features This part of the demonstrator is shown in below the dashed line in Figure 2 The main component here is a laptop that is connected via Bluetooth to both the producer phone and the consumer phone The content database that includes all dynamic content produced by users is stored in the laptop hard disk drive The
34. t shows the name user interface eee ae l instructions how to start playback Storing of downloaded data in phone NOK MP 002 Mobile phone shall be able to store the content downloaded from the tag RF air interface for data and control RF data and control transactions shall be performed in the UWB or 5GHz ISM band depending on the outcome of WP3 Remote powering method In the technology NOK CI 002 Remote powering the tag shall be OK demo it is not performed using 9OOMHz UHF ISM band possible to fully NOK CI 001 Doc name MINAm L WP7_D7 5 v2 Date 13 11 09 ID D7 5 v2 Security Confidential Revision Final Page 19 25 Contract IST 034690 Deliverable report WP7 D7 5 v2 NOK CI 003 NOK CI 005 NOK CI 006 NOK PR 001 NOK PR 002 RF protocol The reader and tag shall communicate using a low power low range RF protocol The protocol must support at minimum identification of tag data transfer from tag to reader Bi directional data transfer Feasibility of bi directional data transfer shall be studied USB host connection Tag emulator and reader emulator shall be able to communicate with a PC or laptop via USB 2 0 connection at 10Mbit s data rate Test data generation Tag reader emulator shall be capable of generating a pseudo random test pattern that follows some deterministic sequence The same pattern can be generated at both the reader and the tag side Error checking Tag reader emula
35. tor shall be capable of detecting transmission errors to determine BER performance Error correction is not needed Phase synchronization Tag and reader shall implement a synchronization algorithm that automatically aligns timing phase of the reader and tag so that I UWB data transfer can take place Synchronization must be fast enough so that no delay is perceived by the user Data transfer speed The required download data rate shall be at least 10 Mbit s The target is to increase bit rate to 50 Mbit s in the long run and therefore air interface should have that potential to increase bit rate Reading distance Minimum read distance shall be at least 10cm preferably over 20cm It must be also feasible to increase reading range in the future o MINAMI ce power the tag from UHF the integration level is not high enough However measurements and simulations indicate that in a fully integrated version single chip remote powering is feasible Both requirements are fulfilled and tested OK Data transfer works both ways write to tag is also feasible throughput is limited by available power USB i f works at gt 10M speed Tag is able to detect and keep statistics of bit errors A simple but effective algorithm is used synchronization delay is SO small that there is no noticeable delay from user viewpoint 56Mbit s transfer rate IS used Verified by simulations and link budget ca
36. tting algorithm Timing control keeping track of frames and slots 3 4 2 Interrogation As mentioned earlier interrogation is one of the key elements in this technology demonstrator The reader emulator must be able to detect the tag that is within its operating range and the reader and tag timing must be synchronized very accurately The synchronization algorithm between reader and tag has not been finalized but the key idea is as follows The reader transmits interrogation signals short impulses and checks for responses from tag s The tag attempts to capture an interrogation signal from reader and if it does not detect one it adjusts it s timing phase by a small step and tries again This procedure is repeated until the reader and tag are in the same phase A central part in the interrogation procedure is the adjustment of timing at the tag side The quench generator board makes it possible to adjust the phase of the tag timing very precisely Another essential part in the interrogation is the adjustment of the threshold setting for the demodulator Both of these parameters phase threshold can be configured by the FPGA that resides on the digital card Using a very simplified description the interrogation algorithm at the tag side works so that different phase and threshold settings are tested sequentially until an interrogation signal from reader is detected 3 4 3 Data communication After a successful interrogation the reade
37. wing documents have been used as reference for this annexe e D7 12 Final demonstrator requirements e D7 14 Test amp Validation plan for the final set of demonstrators 4 1 Test Report The following Test Report table contains the requirements and test cases that have been tested regarding the components involved in Memory tags demonstrator The table structure contains the following information e Requirement or Test Case TAG An identifier for the case tested e Description A brief description of the case tested e Status The status of the test It can take the following values o Blank The case wasn t tested o KO The case showed an error when testing o OK The case had a correct result e Comments Any commentary regarding the result of the test 4 1 1 Requirements tested The requirements to be tested appear in D7 12 Final demonstrator requirements Requirement TAG Description Status Comments In movie trailer demo Presentation of the tag content at the video clip is The mobile phone shall be able to present shown on the phone the content stored in the tag memory reer Movie trailer demo is APIs used by mobile application implemented as Java NOK SW 001 software shall use standard APIs of the MIDLet using NFC chosen mobile device SDK provided by Nokia In movie trailer demo Presentation of the tag content wen BERGI Mobile phone shall be capable of AR eae Lone presenting the content of RF tag on its tha
38. zation between the reader and the tag The maximum phase offset between reader and tag timing must be in the order of one nanosecond or less to enable successful data transmission The key challenge in the interrogation of I UWB tags is the phase synchronization between reader and tag Therefore the first objective in this technology demonstrator is to show that a reader device can synchronize with an UWB tag with a precision that is sufficient to enable data transmission between reader and tag 3 3 2 Data transfer between reader and tag The second objective of the technology demonstrator is to show that the I UWB air interface between the reader and tag meets the expectations in terms of maximum data rate The target has been set to 10 megabits per second which is significantly faster than any existing RFID technology today In order to show the fast data transmission capability a large quantity of data needs to be transferred from the tag emulator to the reader emulator over the I UWB air interface see Figure 3 From technical point of view the content of the data does not really matter it is possible to for example use some pseudo random binary sequence that is generated on the fly The benefit of this approach is that the same sequence can be re generated on the receiving end and used for error checking This kind of setup makes it possible to do real time measurements of bit error rate BER which is an important performance measure
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