weatherpak 2000 shipboard manual
Contents
1. Secure the wind sensor with the three screws and washers Make sure that the washers are installed correctly with the concave side of the washer toward the head of the screw Propeller and vane type Unscrew the nylon screw on the locking arm and rotate the arm outward Carefully but firmly hold the wind monitor by the shaft and pull it off the WEATHERPAK Replace with the new wind monitor Rotate the locking arm to the wind monitor shaft and screw down the nylon screw See Section 4 2 and confirm that the speed and direction measurements are OK Replacing the barometer To replace the barometer follow these steps Remove the WEATHERPAK 2000 from the base mount and install the protective cap on the mount Bring the WEATHERPAK 2000 inside to a work space where it can be opened and worked on in a clean environment Coastal Environmental Systems 206 682 6048 37 WEATHERPAK 2000 User Manual Shipboard Weather Remove the wind monitor by backing out the nylon screw and swinging out the locking arm Set aside the wind monitor Remove the solar radiation shields by unscrewing the three screws which secure it to the housing Open the WEATHERPAK 2000 housing by removing the two small hex head screws from the top of the housing can with a 1 16 inch size hex wrench Carefully pull the top out of the housing The housing can is attached to the internal electronics with two cable don2. Check cables for damage or wear 5 1 6 DISPLAY UNIT MAINTENANCE Brightness good Clean screen and vacuum behind to clear out dust and particles that might short out the electronic circuits Replace filter screen if scratched excessively Coastal Environmental Systems 206 682 6048 31 WEATHERPAK 2000 User Manual Shipboard Weather 52 UNSCHEDULED MAINTENANCE 5 2 1 TROUBLESHOOTING INSTALLATION PROBLEMS System Installed NOTHING WORKS Problem The system has just been installed but nothing happens Most installation problems are the result of wiring errors and cable problems Carefully check the wiring against the schematic to be sure no mistakes were made There are two parts to the WEATHERPAK 2000 system The WEATHERPAK 2000 and the display One part can function while the other one doesn t First determine whether just one part or both parts are not working Check power to system The WEATHERPAK 2000 uses the 12 VDC power the display runs off the 5 VDC and or the 12 VDC power depending on the type of display you have Check power to display If there is power to the display it will light Depending upon your display you may see sensor data with asterisks instead of numerical output If it doesn t show anything it may be defective Check power to WEATHERPAK 2000 If there is power to the WEATHERPAK 2000 it will send data to the display and to the BNS If the data LED light on the display
3. 2 Stay forward of the stacks ae Stay forward or above stack emissions Diesel spray and exhaust particles will contaminate the sensors and dirty the WEATHERPAK 2000 3 Avoid high vibration WEATHERPAK 2000 is rugged but continuous high vibration or other violent motion will reduce the lifetime of any instrument 4 Locate as high as possible The best location is as far forward and as high as possible 5 Avoid high RF fields Ships are great sources of radio frequency interference RFI Avoid the radar beam or other high fields AVOID HIGH VIBRATION 6 Accessibility The WEATHERPAK 2000 will need routine maintenance so make sure it is located in an easily accessible place AVOID RADAR Coastal Environmental Systems 206 682 6048 21 WEATHERPAK 2000 User Manual Shipboard Weather 3 1 INSTALLING THE WEATHERPAK 2000 CABLE The WEATHERPAK 2000 is delivered with connectors for installing the system on a ship Follow these steps in the installation of the cable Use high quality cable Select a cable made for RS 422 or RS 485 if using that option operation Belden 9731 or equivalent For exposed cables select better jacketing for longer life Route the cable Route the cable from the WEATHERPAK 2000 site to the location of the bridge interface Use conduit for protection wherever possible Install the base mount connector Install the base mount leave the protective
4. Dimensional Drawing Coastal Environmental Systems 206 682 6048 W E E 597 R P A k v 104 Dimensions in mm ma 14 WEATHERPAK 2000 User Manual Shipboard Weather 2 2 THE BASE MOUNT The quick release base mount is an electro mechanical termination for the WEATHERPAK 2000 When the arms are pulled down firmly the WEATHERPAK 2000 is pulled down onto a rubber gasket inside the mount This along with an O ring on the connector shaft provides a waterproof seal which will withstand complete submersion in water although NOT recommended An alignment pin and slot on the WEATHERPAK 2000 insure that the wind vane is always correctly aligned with the ship axis provided the base mount is securely and correctly installed lock down for secure mounting Quick Release Alignment Pin ES Thread to j L5 IN Pipe Figure 4 Quick Release Base Mount Coastal Environmental Systems 206 682 6048 15 WEATHERPAK 2000 User Manual Shipboard Weather The Base Mount is equipped with a 17 pin connector or optional 10 pin connector Wursciog Tossed Bow grater xi of ae Warning Toward Bow nir sets of ship t iranica i i fo carreet wiad for correct wind direction Rubker Rubber Gasket nag around Star Shaft Pins Pins GROUND J Spare A GROUND COMI n LT K Spare B 11 18 VDC Input G COM2 Tx Spare 1 Spare 0
5. t pull the cables off when you open the housing Disconnect the two cables from the bottom board The barometer is on the back side of the electronics rack opposite the CPU board A tube that goes to the barometer pressure port is secured to one side of the barometer by a tie wrap Cut the tie wrap and pull the tube off of the barometer Disconnect the cable with the MTA connector from the barometer board There are four screws holding the barometer board to the electronics rack Unscrew and remove the screws The barometer can now be removed from the rack To install a new barometer reverse the above steps Before inserting the electronics rack back into the housing place the desiccant bags inside the WEATHERPAK 2000 with the fresh ones provided with the sensor Clean and regrease the O ring seals with Dow Corning 4 or equivalent O ring grease The grease must be capable of operating in the coldest weather which the WEATHERPAK will be exposed to The O rings must be sealed properly or the WEATHERPAK 2000 will fail from moisture allowed inside the housing Replace the solar radiation screens Reinstall the wind monitor and the WEATHERPAK 2000 and test the system Replacing the temperature RH filter To replace the temperature RH filter follow these steps See the figure below to identify the parts Remove the wind monitor in accordance with the instructions above R
6. 1 Viewing the Data There are three ways that data is usually viewed in a WEATHERPAK 2000 system 1 A display box Real time data is formatted and displayed on a small LED screen or optional large vacuum fluorescent mounted on a display box The data is transmitted via hardwire It is possible to also broadcast WEATHERPAK data via radio or satellite if you have ordered the correct transmitters 2 A computer screen in combination with data display software such as Coastal Environmental System s INTERCEPT software 3 Atest terminal used for communication that is connected directly to the WEATHERPAK 2000 This requires a test cable that can be supplied by Coastal Environmental Systems Contact Coastal Environmental Systems for instructions on communicating with a WEATHERPAK 2000 Coastal Environmental Systems 206 682 6048 12 WEATHERPAK 2000 User Manual Shipboard Weather 2 0 UNPACKING AND IDENTIFICATION Your WEATHERPAK 2000 system is shipped in boxes which should be saved along with copies of the shipping documents to use in case the equipment is returned for service Open the boxes carefully in a dry area Remove and identify all of the parts Handle the components carefully at all times When properly installed the equipment can withstand extreme conditions of weather but rough handling on the ship can break plastic parts or cause damage from undue shock 2 1 THE WEATHERPAK 2000 The WEATHERPAK 2000 is a
7. WEATHERPAK 2000 User Manual Shipboard Weather WIND SPEED If you have an incorrect wind speed answer the following ___Is the sensor clean Yes or No Does the propeller on the sensor spin Yes No Slowly N A ___Is sensor damaged Yes or No Does the value ever change Yes or No If no what is the value on the display Ts value always high or low High Low Changes __ How many days has it been incorrect WIND DIRECTION If you have an incorrect wind direction answer the following ___Is the sensor clean Yes or No ___Does the vane on the sensor turn Yes No N A ___Does the wind speed work Yes or No __ Is sensor damaged Yes or No Does the value ever change Yes or No If no what is the value on the display How many days has it been incorrect Coastal Environmental Systems 206 682 6048 57 WEATHERPAK 2000 User Manual Shipboard Weather APPENDIX A PARTS LIST Part Number Description 1220 117 035 4050 000 016 1220 117 016 2109 000 041 2109 000 005 2109 000 104 2109 000 028 2109 000 040 2114 000 001 2109 000 033 6015 000 013 F assy WP2000 standard instrument Pwr supply shpbd 120vac w connectors Quick Release 17 pin w 25 Cable Connector MS3101E18 1S Connector MS3106E18 1P Rubber bushing MS3420 10 Clamp Cable MS3057 6A Connector MS3106A14S 7S Connector Crimp fork 6 18 22 AWG Rubber bushing MS3420 6 Cable 3 pairs for RS 422
8. cap on using the best practice Check the cable This step is important Two people are required for this job Use a multimeter and be assured there are no short circuits and that there is near zero resistance in all connections from the base mount connector to the terminal board Weatherproof the connector The MS connectors do NOT last in a marine environment They will corrode and deteriorate in only afew months After the connection with self vulcanizing tape followed with a coating of standard black electrical tape We recommend Scotch 70 self vulcanizing tape Coastal Environmental Systems 206 682 6048 22 WEATHERPAK 2000 User Manual Shipboard Weather 3 2 INSTALLING THE BASE MOUNT Choose the best location Follow the guidelines in Section 3 0 to select the best site WARNING Align the base mount The base mount is aligned with the pin pointing parallel with the axis of the ship towards the bow If the mounting site is not on the center line of the ship do not point the base mount at the bow point it directly forward Quick Release Connector Quick Release Make a strong mounting Alignment Pin The base mount can be threaded into a section of mating pipe using heavy duty of couplings not weld directly to Ship mount the heat can damage internal wiring Figure 9 Bow of Ship Do NOT install the WEATHERPAK 2000 now Wait until the cables are fu
9. direction OK NOTE The ultrasonic wind sensor is keyed for proper alignment No checking is needed for wind direction If you have an ultrasonic wind sensor skip this step For this job you need a partner Have your partner go to the wind monitor and hold the vane so the propeller points directly forward parallel with the axis of the ship You can help by sighting from the bow Does the display read in the range 355 5 for wind direction If not 1 Check that the base mount is correctly lined up See Figure 5 If not realign the base mount 2 Check that the wind monitor has not slipped on the connector shaft If the box does not point directly in lien with the quick release alignment pin Section 3 2 have the WEATHERPAK 2000 and the wind monitor inspected Temperature OK The temperature reading should agree approximately with the bridge reading Please refer to the section regarding shipboard weather for an explanation of variations If it is wrong there may be something wrong with the sensor in the WEATHERPAK 2000 and you should contact the manufacturer Coastal Environmental Systems 206 682 6048 28 WEATHERPAK 2000 User Manual Shipboard Weather Relative humidity OK The relative humidity should be in the range of 50 85 RH on a typical day at a height of 20 50 m over the ocean and when there is no rain Please refer to Section 6 for an explanation of variations If the sensor is new and is i
10. is always on then the COMI TX and the COMI TX lines are reversed If the light is off and flickers on every 5 seconds then the WEATHERPAK 2000 is working If the light never comes on then check for wiring errors between the WEATHERPAK 2000 and the display If there are no errors in the wiring then the WEATHERPAK 2000 may be defective 5 2 2 TROUBLESHOOTING DISPLAY FAILURE Coastal Environmental Systems 206 682 6048 32 WEATHERPAK 2000 User Manual Shipboard Weather This section assumes that the system has been installed properly and the cables are wired correctly If anyone has just made changes to the WEATHERPAK 2000 or the system check those changes to be sure that they aren t causing the new problem If any parameters are changed in the WEATHERPAK 2000 whether intentionally or not they could affect the operation of the system Display is dark Problem The display is dark no visible characters or back light Check the A C power to the A C to D C power supply If it is okay check the D C power out of the power supply Check to be sure power is on the terminal strip If there is power on the terminal strip and the display does not light check for broken wires to the display The display may require 5 VDC and or 12 VDC depending on the type of display If no solution is found replace the display Display lights but no headings or numbers Problem The display lights but either a no headings appear
11. of 20 m and above the air is relatively clear and the effects of salt are minimal Below this height salt buildup is a problem and regular maintenance should be done often One of the primary advantages of the WEATHERPAK 2000 is that all the sensors are in the same package at a high position on the ship Thus contamination is minimal and problems are few Any inconvenience experienced by having the sensors at altitude is more than made up for by the increased reliability and reduced maintenance requirements Nonetheless we should be aware of the problems caused by salt and here are a few Wind monitor bearings Over time the wind monitor bearings will collect salt and ultimately fail When you spin the propeller or turn the vane of a new sensor the bearings are smooth and have very low friction After some time they will feel gritty from the salt This is generally not a problem as long as the bearings turn reasonably easy they will be giving good readings The major effect of salt buildup will be to increase the stall speed of the wind monitor the lowest wind that will still turn the propeller or turn the vane Temperature sensor Salt has little if any effect on the temperature measurement The sensor is sealed and impervious even to immersion in salt water Humidity sensor Salt deposit will ruin the humidity sensor measurement but not the sensor itself Salt is hygroscopic meaning it absorbs water So a depo
12. that measures only scalar speed the Vector averaged speed will almost always be a little less NOTE The ultrasonic wind sensor has no moving parts If you have an ultrasonic wind sensor make sure that the area between the two plates is clear If the problem remains replace the sensor If you have a vane and propeller style wind sensor visually check to see that the wind propeller is turning The propeller could be broken or the bearings may be worn Worn bearings would produce a zero or low wind value If the propeller is turning yet the wind speed is zero a problem in the sensor wiring is likely Replace the wind sensor If this fails to solve the problem the problem is most likely inside the WEATHERPAK 2000 Wind direction zero wrong or doesn t change Problem Wind direction is zero wrong or doesn t change with the wind Check the wind speed value If there is no wind speed measurement there will be no wind direction value it will read zero NOTE The ultrasonic wind sensor has no moving parts If you have an ultrasonic wind sensor make sure that the area between the two plates is clear If the problem remains replace the sensor If this doesn t solve the problem the problem could be inside the WEATHERPAK 2000 Coastal Environmental Systems 206 682 6048 34 WEATHERPAK 2000 User Manual Shipboard Weather If you have a vane and propeller style wind sensor visually check to see that the wind vane is
13. versatile compact automatic weather station which has been carefully designed for shipboard applications Its internal data acquisition electronics are programmed to make the best most accurate measurements from its sensors winds are vector averaged and the barometer is read several times and averaged to remove wind wave and roll induced errors All components in the WEATHERPAK 2000 plug together no tools are required The wind monitor plugs into a keyed connector on top the WEATHERPAK plugs in to a locking base mount The plugs are aligned and keyed to North relative and have O ring waterproof seals All external parts of the WEATHERPAK 2000 are powder coated chemically treated aluminum or ultra violet resistant plastic All sensor signals and power lines are protected from transients and EMI by circuitry inside the WEATHERPAK 2000 EMI filters are single pole RC filters 100 ohm and 47 picofarads Transient protection is by 12 volt tranzorb diodes If for any reason lightning RF interference power surge the WEATHERPAK 2000 program is corrupted and the sampling loop is broken a watchdog timer will reset the computer and the WEATHERPAK 2000will resume sampling Coastal Environmental Systems 206 682 6048 13 420 5584 229 WEATHERPAK 2000 User Manual Dimensions in mm Shipboard Weather WEATHERPAK with optional ultrasonic wind sensor 10 Figure 3
14. 00 reads 40 So who do I believe The instruments I ve been looking at all my career or this upstart Believe em both The answer is that probably both readings are pretty nearly correct and the errors you are seeing are caused by the ship and the wind around the ship This section will explain how measurements of temperature barometric pressure winds and humidity can vary all over a ship They vary naturally on the open ocean anyway then when the air flows around the ship they vary even more dramatically Of course it s possible that one of the sensors can be bad and this must be recognized But the familiarity followed by understanding are the crucial first steps in the recognition process Anyone who has been at sea has head remarks such as Oh our wind direction is off by about 30 degrees you can tell by the flag on the bow I always add 30 degrees to my apparent direction That seaman is familiar with his equipment he has been watching it for months Coastal Environmental Systems 206 682 6048 40 WEATHERPAK 2000 User Manual Shipboard Weather Familiarity takes time The WEATHERPAK 2000 represents an entirely new method of measuring meteorological quantities it is the most significant advancement in weather observation at sea in the past 50 years The numbers you read may be different than you old equipment but they are better measurements The goal of taking measurements is to measure the air as if the ship was not t
15. 2 The Temperature Distribution Around a Ship 44 Figure 13 The RH Distribution Around a Ship 46 Figure 14 The Pressure Distribution Around a Ship 47 Coastal Environmental Systems 206 682 6048 5 WEATHERPAK 2000 User Manual Shipboard Weather IMPORTANT NOTES e CALL FAX US IF YOU HAVE QUESTIONS OR PROBLEMS Call Coastal Environmental Systems if any troubles arise or if you have any questions pertaining to the equipment Our telephone number is 206 682 6048 and the FAX number is 206 682 5658 e KEEP THE TERMINAL CONNECTION COVERED When the WEATHERPAK 2000 has been removed the base mount connector is exposed to contamination or rain Use the protector cap Figure 2 to prevent damage to the base mount e USELUBRIPLATE ON BOLTS All bolts should have their threads treated with Lubriplate before tightening This prevents galling retards corrosion and assures post deployment removal e KEEP THE HUMIDITY SENSOR CLEAN The humidity sensor is susceptible to contamination from salt spray and exhaust deposits If the installation is in a location where contamination is suspected then regular cleaning is required for quality data The humidity sensor comes with a protective filter over the sensor head This filter will prevent dirt and salt spray from reaching the sensor element The filter should be checked and cleaned at routine intervals e PROTECT CONNECTORS FROM CORROSION All connectors with the exception of molded underw
16. 682 6048 64 WEATHERPAK 2000 User Manual Shipboard Weather Barometric Pressure P N 1220 117 024 INCLUDED ITEMS Barometer SIZE Barometer fits into the WEATHERPAK 2000 housing with tubing to the outside ENVIRONMENTAL Temperature range 40 C to 65 C ACCURACY AND RESOLUTION Accuracy lt 5mb Reported Resolution 1 mb Coastal Environmental Systems 206 682 6048 65 WEATHERPAK 2000 User Manual Shipboard Weather Barometric Pressure P N 1220 117 012 INCLUDED ITEMS Barometer SIZE Barometer fits into the WEATHERPAK 2000 housing with tubing to the outside ENVIRONMENTAL Temperature range 10 C to 40 ACCURACY AND RESOLUTION Accuracy 0 5 mb Reported Resolution 0 1 mb Coastal Environmental Systems 206 682 6048 66 WEATHERPAK 2000 User Manual Shipboard Weather Power Supply P N 4050 000 016 INCLUDED ITEMS Linear regulated noise shielded power supply SIZE Length 68 mm Height 160 mm Weight 2 kg INPUT 110 VAC 60 Hz 43W OUTPUT 12VDC 0 5A 5VDC 2 0A Coastal Environmental Systems 206 682 6048 67 WEATHERPAK 2000 User Manual Shipboard Weather APPENDIX D GLOSSARY Accuracy The numerical difference between the measurement of a quantity and its actual value If no sign is given with accuracy a is assumed ADC Analog to digital converter this can be a complete printed circuit card or a single converter chip American Stand
17. AY UNIT MAINTENANCE 31 5 2 UNSCHEDULED MAINTENANCE 32 5 2 1 TROUBLESHOOTING INSTALLATION PROBLEMS 32 5 2 2 TROUBLESHOOTING DISPLAY FAILURE 32 5 2 3 TROUBLESHOOTING SENSOR FAILURE 34 5 3 LINE ITEM REPLACEMENT 37 6 0 SHIPBOARD WEATHER 40 6 1 A LITTLE MARINE METEOROLGY 42 6 2 SHIP INDUCED ERRORS 43 6 5 CONTAMINATION BY SALT 48 7 0 DATA AVERAGING METHODS 50 8 0 AUTOMATIC BOOTUP SEQUENCE 51 9 0 DATA SPECIFICATIONS 52 9 1 CHANNEL ONE DISPLAY OUTPUT 52 9 2 CHANNEL TWO NMEA OUTPUT 52 10 0 PROBLEM REPORTING AND QUESTIONS 54 Coastal Environmental Systems 206 682 6048 3 WEATHERPAK 2000 User Manual Shipboard Weather APPENDIX A PARTS LIST 58 APPENDIX B SCHEMATICS AND WIRING DIAGRAMS 59 APPENDIX C SENSOR SPECIFICATIONS 61 APPENDIX D GLOSSARY 68 Coastal Environmental Systems 206 682 6048 4 WEATHERPAK 2000 User Manual Shipboard Weather LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1A Shipboard WEATHERPAK 2000 Block Diagram Single WEATHERPAK 9 Figure 1B WEATHERPAK 2000 System Block Diagram Dual WEATHERPAK 5 10 Figure 2 WEATHERPAK 2000 Nomenclature Shown with Young Wind Monitor 11 Figure 3 Dimensional Drawing 14 Figure 4 Quick Release Base Mount 15 Figure 5 Base Mount Connector 16 Figure 6 The Bridge Interface Display Box 18 Figure 7 Bridge Interface Display Box Connections 19 Figure 8 Power Supply 20 Figure 9 Bow of Ship 23 Figure 10 Replacing the RH Filter 39 Figure 11 The Wind Flow Around a Ship 43 Figure 1
18. Belden 8163 Options Part Number Description 1220 117 025 1220 117 026 1220 117 051 1220 143 013 1220 117 012 1220 117 024 1220 104 014 1201 104 028 1220 117 004 Sensor WP 05103 w wm mount Sensor Wind Ultrasonic Sensor Temperature RH filter Sensor Temperature RH filter Rotronics Sensor Barometer 10 C to 40 Sensor Barometer 40 C to 65 C Display Bulkhead Mount F assy RCVR dual shipboard display Quick Release 10 pin w 4 Cable Coastal Environmental Systems 206 682 6048 58 WEATHERPAK 2000 User Manual Shipboard Weather APPENDIX B SCHEMATICS AND WIRING DIAGRAMS TO WEATHER BAK Ji TERMINAL STRIP n 42 E SHIELDED TWISTED PAIR CABLE 12 IN CONNECTION CUSTOMER EQUIP MENT 10 MS CONNECTOR PIN MS FEMALE 10 MALE FOR RS 422 COMMUNICATION PART OF QUICK RELEASE WITH BACKSHELL KSHELL 3731 OR EDI VALENT R5 L22 NMEA FORMAT 5 TWISTED PAIR FT POWER TABLE POW ER SUPPLY AC POWER POWER SUPPLY P N OUTPUT SEE POWER TABLE T2UvAC 3 40501 14002 5 12 0 2 amnium 5 1200 AC POWER PLUG NOTES 1 CABLE 15 TWISTED PAIR SHIELDED FOR R 5422 OR RS4B5 COMMUNICATION 2 THE 12 POSITION TERMINAL STRIP J4 15 GENERALLY MOUNTED ON THE DISPLAY THE DISPLAY WILL BE WIRED TO THE TERMINAL STRIP THE FACTORY IF THE DISPLAY 15 SEPARATE REFER TO THE DISPLAY WIRING DIAGRAM 8 FOR INSTALLAT
19. Channel 2 to the navigation system after each sample each 0 5 second The averaged temperature humidity and pressure data will be sent out Channel 2 every five seconds with the 0 5 second wind data The averaged wind temperature humidity and pressure data will be sent out from Channel 1 to the display every 5 seconds The display is updated every time it received data from the selected WEATHERPAK 2000 Quick release base mount The quick release base mount provides a superb electro mechanical connection for the WEATHERPAK The base holds the WEATHERPAK 2000 firmly even after years of use in extreme vibration environments It is keyed so that when the WEATHERPAK is inserted it always points in the correct alignment Umbilical cable A short cable from the base mount terminates in a MS 10 pin or 17 pin connector Mating connectors are provided for ship installation The customer is responsible for routing the WEATHERPAK to the interface box Bridge interface display box The bridge interface display box is an aluminum box which provides interface for the WEATHERPAK s to the Bridge Navigation System BNS and the Coastal Environmental Systems display panel It distributes 12VDC power the Coastal Environmental Systems 206 682 6048 8 WEATHERPAK 2000 User Manual Shipboard Weather WEATHERPAK 2000 system The panel display is a simple digital display of WEATHERPAK 2000 data output Y Optional sonic wind Wea
20. D COM 3 RS485 B Spare xX x COM 3 RS485 N Spare D COMI Tx I Spare COM 2 RS485 181 Spare E COMI Rx J Spare G COM 2 RS485 R Spare If Spare Spare Spare 10 pin Connector 17 pin Connector Figure 5 Base Mount Connector Coastal Environmental Systems 206 682 6048 16 WEATHERPAK 2000 User Manual Shipboard Weather 2 3 THE BRIDGE INTERFACE DISPLAY BOX The bridge interface display box is at the center of the WEATHERPAK 2000 Shipboard Weather Station All of the discrete components are connected to the bridge interface display box It distributes power to the system collects data from the WEATHERPAK displays selected data on the screen and passes the NMEA message out to the navigation system At the heart of the bridge interface display box is a processor board which controls the display and monitors the WEATHERPAK 2000 data ports In the dual WEATHERPAK system a switch is provided on the bridge interface display box to allow the user to select which WEATHERPAK 2000 will report to the display and output the NMEA message The power supply is connected to the bridge interface display box Power to the display and the WEATHERPAK 2000s is switched with the power switch on the display front panel The bridge interface display box has a display mounted on a face plate The display reports meteorological data A switch is located on the face plate to select one of two brightness level for the displa
21. F hh IIMHU x hh IIMMB x B hh SWIMWV x R x N A hh Definitions Identifies Meteorological Data TA Air Temperature F Degrees Fahrenheit HU Relative Humidity MB Barometric Pressure B Bars WI Talker Identifier Weather Instruments MWV Wind Speed and Angle A Check Sum Precedes Check Value hh Check Sum Value x Data value Wind Speed and Angle Message Field 1 Wind Angle vane direction in degrees Field 3 Reference R degrees relative to vessel Field 4 Wind speed in knots Field 5 Wind speed Units N knots MUA The characters following the are a check sum Check Sum Value The checksum value is calculated by XOR ing exclusive OR ing also known as Modulo 2 Sum the 8 binary data bits not stop or start bits of each valid data character in the sentence between the HEX 24 and the HEX 2A The delimiter HEX 2A indicates that the face value of the following pair of ASCII characters represents the hexadecimal value of the upper and lower nibbles 4 bit values respectively of the checksum binary byte The values of HEX 24 HEX 2A and the alphanumeric value of the checksum following the HEX 2A are not included in the checksum calculation Coastal Environmental Systems 206 682 6048 53 WEATHERPAK 2000 User Manual Shipboard Weather 10 0 PROBLEM REPORTING AND QUESTIONS If troubles occur or if you have
22. ION OF OTHER ACCESSORIES REFER TO DRAWING OF ACCESSORY CONFIDENTIAL COASTAL EL IRONMEN TAL SYSTEMS DRAFTER DATE 4 CUSTOMER SUPPLIES CABLE FROM J3 TO J4 AMD 6 SPADE LUGS FOR CONNECTING CABLE TO J4 SEATTLE WASHINGTON 98134 U S A F 188Y WP500 SYSTEM SCHEMATIC Ezin l l SEE BDocimeit Aim ber amens 1201114001 z ETTI EMI Coastal Environmental Systems 206 682 6048 59 WEATHERPAK 2000 User Manual Shipboard Weather REFER TO DRAWING 1201114001 FOR CONNECTION TO W EXTHERP AK AND ER SUPPLY dt TERMINAL STRIP 12 PIN TO ADDITONAL DEVICES SEE NOTES 6 LUGS PLACES a8 LUGS 4 PLACES JP1 10 PIN BACESHELL 41 TERMINAL STRIP 12 PIN 41 IH P IN MS MO UNT DISPLAY BULKHEAD UNT DISPLAY PAN 1201104014 YN 1201104019 NOTES THE STANDARD POWER SUPPLY PROVIDES SVOLTS THE PANELMOUNT DISPLAY AND THE BULKHEAD MOUNT DISPLAY REQUIRE 500 EACH DO EXCEDE THE POWER SUPPLY CAPACITY BY INSTALLING MORE THAN 4 ON THE SAME POWER SUPPLY CONFIDENTIAL COASTAL ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS 820 FIRST AVE SOUTH 2 SERIAL DATA IS RB422 REFER TO MANUAL FOR SPECIFICS SEATTLE WASHINGTON 98134 U S A 3 CABLE CARRYING RS422 SIGNALS SHOULD HAVE SHIELDS E TWISTED PAIRS FOR THE COMM TX AND TX LINES CABLE 500 DISPLAY INTERCONNECT BELDEN 9731 OREQUIVALENT z re bocime tTM am Ee a ee le
23. Temp RH reads high or low but changes Problem Temperature and or humidity sensor reads high or low but does change with the weather Coastal Environmental Systems 206 682 6048 35 WEATHERPAK 2000 User Manual Shipboard Weather A sensor can drift slightly over a period of time If the drift is more than 1 0 or 576 RH the sensor should be replaced Be sure that the problem is not caused by the ship heating or cooling the sensor or causing changes in the humidity See Section 6 2 The humidity sensor is affected by salt or engine exhaust build up more than the temperature sensor Replace the filter on the sensor The sensor elements are extremely fragile and care must be taken when replacing the filter See the following section on replacing the RH filter BAROMETER Barometer reads high or low constant value Problem The barometer reads high or low by a nearly constant value The barometer must be corrected for the altitude above sea level of the WEATHERPAK 2000 This is a parameter which can be set in the WEATHERPAK 2000 menu If the barometer has been adjusted correctly there may be a problem in the sensor calibration values Replace the sensor and return for service Barometer sometimes off Problem The barometer is sometimes wrong but not always The barometer can be affected by the wind blowing past the sensor If the barometer value changes rapidly by large amounts it could be defective but check the rea
24. WEATHERPAK 2000 MANUAL Version 3 0 Shipboard Weather System August 2006 COASTAL ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS 820 First Avenue South Seattle Washington 98134 Telephone 206 682 6048 1 800 488 8291 Fax 206 682 5658 Coastal Environmental Systems 206 682 6048 WEATHERPAK 2000 User Manual Shipboard Weather REVISIONS Version Description Date 1 0 Initial Release 11 99 2 0 Added sensor specification sheets 05 04 3 0 Added sections for ultrasonic wind monitor and 08 06 AT RH sensor Coastal Environmental Systems 206 682 6048 2 WEATHERPAK 2000 User Manual Shipboard Weather TABLE OF CONTENTS REVISIONS 2 LIST OF FIGURES 5 1 0 INTRODUCTION 7 1 1 THE SYSTEM 7 2 0 UNPACKING AND IDENTIFICATION 13 2 1 THE WEATHERPAK 2000 13 2 2 THE BASE MOUNT 15 2 3 THE BRIDGE INTERFACE DISPLAY BOX 17 2 4 POWER SUPPLY 20 3 0 INSTALLATION 21 3 1 INSTALLING THE WEATHERPAK 2000 CABLE 22 3 2 INSTALLING THE BASE MOUNT 23 3 3 INSTALLING THE BRIDGE EQUIPMENT 24 3 4 INSTALLING THE WEATHERPAK 2000 20 4 0 VERIFYING SYSTEM OPERATION 26 4 1 VERIFY THE WEATHERPAK 2000 AND DISPLAY OPERATION 27 4 2 VERIFY MEASUREMENT ACCURACY 28 5 0 MAINTENANCE 30 5 1 SCHEDULED SERVICE 30 5 1 1 WEATHERPAK 2000 MAINTENANCE 30 5 1 2 WIND SENSOR MAINTENANCE 31 5 1 3 TEMPERATURE RH SENSOR MAINTENANCE 31 5 1 4 BAROMETER MAINTENANCE 31 5 1 5 CABLES AND CONNECTOR MAINTENANCE 31 5 1 6 DISPL
25. any questions we will make every effort to respond to you as soon as possible The following will assist you in identifying and describing any problems you may experience FAX FORM The preferred method of communication is to send us a facsimile transmission so we have a clear hard copy in hand WEATHER STATION PROBLEMS The types of Weather Station problems you may encounter fall into three categories 1 Mechanical failures These are frequently caused by flying debris or by loose halyards striking the sensor Simply describe the damage i e propeller broken or missing 2 No data on the display and or the BNS This can often be corrected by unplugging the WEATHERPAK 2000 power supply mounted inside the console directly under the display and plugging it back in after few minutes this resets the WEATHERPAK 2000 If there is still no data after cycling the power include information regarding the POWER light should be on at all times and DATA light should flash for approximately 12 second every ten seconds the bottom right corner of the display 3 There is data both on the display and on the BNS but it is in error when compared to other sensors Before reporting this type of failure please note the following Coastal Environmental Systems 206 682 6048 54 WEATHERPAK 2000 User Manual Shipboard Weather a Typical temperature accuracy on shipboard thermometers is 1 degree Thus two temperatures s
26. ard Code for Information Interchange AT Computer A computer compatible with the IBM PC AT Usually this means the microprocessor is an 80286 See also PC and XT Background Computer activity that takes place automatically and often un observable to the operator Base Mount A shortened name for the quick release base mount the device which holds the WEATHERPAK and provides electrical interface Boot or Bootup When a computer initializes itself and automatically commences operation of a program when the power is turned on or after a warm reset Byte A group of eight bits of computer information Cold Reset A complete system reset in which the main power is completely disconnected and re connected Data Block A set of numbers binary or ASCII that can be attached to a single date and time Data Line An ASCII string of data stored in a Coastal Climate Company device for collection or transmission Declination See Variation Dorn Fittings Compression fittings that allow an electronic cable to penetrate a casing wall and maintain a hermetic seal DOS Also MS DOS is the standard operating system for IBM style PC XT and AT computers Coastal Environmental Systems 206 682 6048 68 WEATHERPAK 2000 User Manual Shipboard Weather EEPROM Electronically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory allow programmable setting of system parameters that is preserved when all power is removed EPROM Erasable Program
27. ater connectors are liable to leak or corrode after prolonged exposure to the weather For a long term installation all connectors should be taped with one or two layers of self vulcanizing tape followed with a protective outer coating of all weather black electrical tape Coastal Environmental Systems 206 682 6048 6 WEATHERPAK 2000 User Manual Shipboard Weather 1 0 INTRODUCTION The components and data outputs of a WEATHERPAK 2000 system will vary depending upon the needs of the customer For example a customer that wants to measure air quality will have a different sensor suite than a customer that wants to measure wave action and water salinity Also of two customers that want to measure the same conditions one might only want to view the data in real time using preset measurement parameters the other might want real time data and additionally want a two way communications system with which he can change parameters and modify measurement timing This manual has mostly generic information in the main chapters You should become familiar with your system before reading the generic information in the main chapters You will then know which generic information does or does not apply to your system For example if your system does not have a barometer you can skip the information relating to barometer maintenance in Chapter 5 0 Maintenance 1 1 THE SYSTEM The WEATHERPAK 2000 Shipboard Weather System is typically made up of t
28. curacy Speed 2 Direction 3 Deg Resolution Speed 0 01m s Direction 1 Deg Coastal Environmental Systems 206 682 6048 62 WEATHERPAK 2000 User Manual Shipboard Weather Air Temperature and Relative Humidity Threaded Model HMP50 P N 1220 117 051 INCLUDED ITEMS Air Temp and Relative Humidity Sensor Gill Free flow Radiation Screen SIZE Assembly fits onto the WEATHERPAK 2000 housing with tubing to the outside ENVIRONMENTAL Temperature range 10 C to 60 C Shock Thermistor bead and RH sensor are potted in place and held against any shock and vibration ACCURACY AND RESOLUTION Temperature Accuracy 0 6 1 1 F with gt 5 m s wind speed in full sunlight RH Accuracy 3 Reported temperature 0 1 C resolution Reported RH resolution 1 Coastal Environmental Systems 206 682 6048 63 WEATHERPAK 2000 User Manual Shipboard Weather Air Temperature and Relative Humidity Connector Model Hygroclip S3 P N 1220 143 013 INCLUDED ITEMS Air Temp and Relative Humidity Sensor Gill Free flow Radiation Screen SIZE Assembly fits onto the WEATHERPAK 2000 housing with tubing to the outside ENVIRONMENTAL Temperature range 40 C to 85 C ACCURACY AND RESOLUTION Temperature Accuracy 0 2 C RH Accuracy 1 5 from 0 to 100 RH at 20 to 25 C Reported temperature resolution 0 1 C Reported RH resolution 0 02 Coastal Environmental Systems 206
29. d during the sampling period VS VD This means that for the averaging duration 5 seconds the wind speed WS and direction WD are sampled twice per second Each speed and direction pair are converted to a fore aft wind and a cross wind and these are averaged At the end the averaged winds are converted back to mean speed and direction Air Temperature The air temperature sensor is part of the temperature RH sensor Air temperature is sampled twice each second and an average temperature TA is computed for the 5 second averaging duration Barometric Pressure The barometer sensor is read twice each second during the 5 second averaging period and an average pressure BP is computed Relative Humidity The relative humidity sensor is read twice each second during the 5 second averaging period and the average of RH is computed Coastal Environmental Systems 206 682 6048 50 WEATHERPAK 2000 User Manual Shipboard Weather 8 0 AUTOMATIC BOOTUP SEQUENCE The WEATHERPAK 2000 commences operation when power is applied to it The following sequence of events takes place when the WEATHERPAK 2000 is turned on 1 The program is transferred from EPROM where it is permanently resident to RAM memory for operation 2 The program commences by setting all default parameters The 128 byte EEPROM memory is read into RAM This memory contains parameters such as sampling rates calibration coefficients and state flags I
30. ding when the wind is low Barometer way off Problem The barometer is off by a large error If the barometer reads a negative number it is either not installed or it has failed Check to be sure there is a barometer installed If it has failed replace it If the barometer never changes value or is giving a very incorrect value then it may be out of calibration The sensor should be replaced and tested and or re calibrated Coastal Environmental Systems 206 682 6048 36 WEATHERPAK 2000 User Manual Shipboard Weather 5 3 LINE ITEM REPLACEMENT This section provides steps for replacing any defective line item in the WEATHERPAK 2000 system see Figure 2 Replacing the wind monitor To replace the wind monitor follow these steps Ultrasonic type Remove the three screws and washers holding the wind sensor to the top of the WEATHERPAK 2000 VERY gently remove the sensor from the top of the WEATHERPAK 2000 The ultrasonic wind sensor is still connected to the WEATHERPAK via connector wiring Unplug the connector from the sensor Replace the sensor with a new sensor and connect the connector to the bottom of the ultrasonic wind sensor Install the wind sensor connector on top of the WEATHERPAK until the connector O ring sits inside of the top plate Gently rotate the wind sensor until the yellow mark on the sensor is on the opposite side from the notch on the WEATHERPAK housing
31. e error is different if the opening is on the windward rather than the leeward side Also the error is different on a well exposed pressure port mounted high on a mast we expect the WEATHERPAK 2000 to have this sort of error The error in all cases increases by the square of the wind speed meaning that if the wind speed doubles the error increases by four times The figure below is a typical case of wind caused dynamic pressure error around a ship First notice that the pressure decreases with height above from in this example 1000 mbar at the surface to 994 mbar at a height of 30 meters Therefore with no wind errors the pressure at the top of the mast can be three mbar lower than the bridge reading With a 20 knot wind blowing the errors can increase to six mbar Note also that opening or closing the wing doors on the bridge will cause the bridge barometer to change several millibars Pressure in Millibars 994 Altitude In Meters 1000 Figure 14 The Pressure Distribution Around a Ship Coastal Environmental Systems 206 682 6048 47 WEATHERPAK 2000 User Manual Shipboard Weather 6 3 CONTAMINATION BY SALT The marine environment is a salty environment As the waves foam and break droplets of water with salt are thrown into the air These droplets can be very small and the wind turbulence can carry them to great heights Obviously when the winds are higher the salt is carried to greater heights At heights
32. e wind speed would change from 0 3 knots right at the surface to 30 knots at 10 m above the surface and it could be as high as 45 knots at 40 meters above the surface The exact relationship is complicated and scientists are still trying to understand the exact relationship So you ask where do I measure winds and who is right Wind speed wind direction temperature and humidity all change in the vertical in a similar fashion considerable change in the bottom 1 2 m and less change above that From the ocean surface to a height of about 50 m is called the surface layer However above about 5 m height the change is very gradual except in very unusual conditions such as very calm winds over cold water So the guidelines from the World Meteorological Organization say that all ships measurements except the barometer do not need to be corrected for height before they are reported The barometer correction is a simple added amount that depends on the height of the barometer above sea level 1 mbar per 8 meters of height As we will see next this applies for measurements made in free air which is untroubled by the ship The ship itself can cause significant variation in the measurements Coastal Environmental Systems 206 682 6048 42 WEATHERPAK 2000 User Manual Shipboard Weather 6 2 SHIP INDUCED ERRORS Wind Errors Into this untroubled air comes a ship steaming at 5 30 knots An observer on the ship feels the air c
33. emove the three holding screws the radiation shields will come off and expose the sensor Carefully unscrew the filter then replace the filter Avoid touching the sensor elements They are very fragile Reassemble the WEATHERPAK 2000 Coastal Environmental Systems 206 682 6048 38 WEATHERPAK 2000 User Manual Shipboard Weather Wind Monitor Ultrasonic Vind wind mounting screws 3 poss Bolts washers 3 Bolt y Nin Screw N Sc Locking Arm a 4 Locking Arm Radiation Shields Radiation Shields Relative Humidity Filter 0 Relative Humidity Filter Relative Humidity Sensor Relative Humidity Sensor Large Swage Fitting Large swage fitting or bushing Figure 10 Replacing the RH Filter Replacing the Temperature RH sensor Consult with Coastal Environmental Systems for replacing this sensor if the sensor is anything other than an HMP50 or a Rotronics HygroClip S3 Follow the procedure for replacing the filter to reach the sensor HMPS50 Unscrew the top of the swage lock fitting Remove the two nylon sleeves from the sensor GENTLY pull the sensor out of the fitting Unscrew the connector at the bottom of the sensor Replace the sensor with a new sensor and attach the connector to the bottom of the new sensor Run the sensor into the fitting Replace the large nylon slee
34. f a terminal is connected while the power is applied you will see something similar to the following message after about 5 seconds IIMTA x F hh IIMHU x hh x B hh SWIMV R x A hh Coastal Environmental Systems 206 682 6048 51 WEATHERPAK 2000 User Manual Shipboard Weather 9 0 DATA SPECIFICATIONS Output Data Specification Signal RS 485 output enabled always 9 1 CHANNEL ONE DISPLAY OUTPUT Format Serial ASCII code 1200 baud 8 data bits 1 stop bit no parity Rate 5 seconds 1 second Message WIND APPARENT KTS RH TEMP BARO MB where is data value The message is an internally formatted mix of ASCII and control characters which produces the output to the display box The control characters are filtered out by the communications software Your message may look different Standard message units are degrees Fahrenheit temperature Knots wind speed and Bars barometric pressure Other message units are available 9 2 CHANNEL TWO NMEA OUTPUT Format Serial ASCII code 4800 baud 8 data bits 1 stop bit no parity Rate 5 seconds 1 second Message Conforms to NMEA 0183 Standard message units are degrees Fahrenheit temperature Bars barometric pressure and Knots wind speed Other message units are available Coastal Environmental Systems 206 682 6048 52 WEATHERPAK 2000 User Manual Shipboard Weather IIMTA x
35. he following major components 1 One or two Shipboard WEATHERPAK 2000s In waterproof canister with the following sensors a Wind monitor optional ultrasonic wind sensor for wind speed and direction b Air temperature sensor c Relative humidity sensor d Barometer 2 Quick release base mount for each WEATHERPAK 2000 With umbilical cable connection A protective cover is provided with the base mount 3 Mating connectors For customer furnished umbilical extension cable 4 Bridge interface display box To connect the WEATHERPAK 2000 to the Bridge Navigation System BNS and to the panel display 5 Power Supply To power the system via the interface unit Coastal Environmental Systems 206 682 6048 7 WEATHERPAK 2000 User Manual Shipboard Weather The WEATHERPAK 2000 has two output channels for serial data Channel 1 to the display Channel 2 to the navigation system The WEATHERPAK 2000s operate automatically upon power up with no operator or host intervention There are no host or operator commands necessary for using the system If you have a two WEATHERPAK system then the display may have a manual override switch which allows the operator to select which WEATHERPAK will be used to update the display and the Navigation System otherwise it is assumed to be on auto select for the upwind sensor The selected WEATHERPAK samples the sensors twice each second The wind data will be sent out from
36. here as if the sensors were floating in space and not in any way affecting the air flow This section explains the following a how marine meteorological quantities vary naturally b how the ship affects the air and c how placement of the WEATHERPAK 2000 is essential to getting consistently good weather measurements see also the installation section We will try to explain what you can expect from the sensors you have and how best to install the WEATHERPAK 2000 on your ship Finally we will talk briefly about the most crucial maintenance issues which affect measurement accuracy Often a little routine maintenance will provide surprising improvements Coastal Environmental Systems 206 682 6048 41 WEATHERPAK 2000 User Manual Shipboard Weather 6 1 A LITTLE MARINE METEOROLGY The Surface Layer Air blows over the ocean with a little gustiness Even with large waves to the air the ocean is as smooth as an ice covered lake However there is some friction and the wind near the surface is slowed down In fact the air right at the ocean is struck to the surface and moves at the same speed as the ocean current at the surface The air drags the water at the surface this is what disperses oil spills The water surface current is approximately 2 376 of the wind speed at 10 m height For example if the winds were 30 knots an oil slick would move at about 03 knots that s 7 2 miles per day just from the winds Typically th
37. hould routinely be expected to differ by up to 2 degrees even if located close to each other At least another 1 2 degrees should be allowed due to the weather sensor being some distance from the thermometer b Typical barometric pressure accuracies are 2 4 mbar Even calibrated barometer accuracies vary with temperature pressure and height Humidity comparisons only made with the wet dry bulb thermometers Since these are each accurate only to 1 degree their difference can be in error by 2 degrees which corresponds to 20 30 errors at typical temperatures If the Weather Station humidity sensor is within 20 30 of the result from the wet dry temperature and is periodically changing it is probably working correctly d If the wind is believed to be in error indicate if the direction and or speed appear in error and by how much Describe the problem If the failure involves comparison with another sensor include the raw data from the other sensor for example dry and wet bulb temperature Coastal Environmental Systems 206 682 6048 55 WEATHERPAK 2000 User Manual Shipboard Weather WHAT TO REPORT In order for problems to be understood and solved by technicians who are not at the system site we have created this form to provide necessary information to the technician Please use this form as a guide before talking to a service technician on the phone or radio If a part must be returned for service p
38. lease copy this form fill it out and send it with the defective part s ___Which display do you have None Small LCD Large fluorescent s there any light in the display Yes or No ___Are there any words on the display Yes or No Are there any numbers on the display Yes or No Does the BNS get data from the WEATHERPAK 2000 system Yes or No How many sensors are correct How many sensors are incorrect Have there been any big storms recently Yes or No BAROMETER If you have an incorrect barometer answer the following ____Does the value ever change Yes or No ___If no what is the value on the display ___Is value always high or low High Low Changes How many days has it been incorrect wind sensor been replaced recently Yes or No HUMIDITY If you have an incorrect humidity answer the following ____Is the sensor filter clean Yes or No Does the value ever change Yes or No If no what is the value on the display ___Is value always high or low High Low Changes How many days has it been incorrect TEMPERATURE If you have an incorrect temperature answer the following ____Is the sensor filter clean Yes or No ___Does the value ever change Yes or No If no what is the value on the display Is the value always high or low High Low Changes _ How many days has it been incorrect Coastal Environmental Systems 206 682 6048 56
39. lly checked before inserting the WEATHERPAK 2000 DO NOT WELD OK TO HOSE CLAMP OK TO THREAD IN Coastal Environmental Systems 206 682 6048 23 WEATHERPAK 2000 User Manual Shipboard Weather 3 3 INSTALLING THE BRIDGE EQUIPMENT Install the bridge equipment in accordance with the schematics and drawings in this manual Connect the WEATHERPAK 2000 cables Connect the umbilical cables to the Bridge Interface Display box Connect the power supply Connect the power supply cable to the terminal strip If an alternate DC power source is used it must be 11 18VDC Coastal Environmental Systems 206 682 6048 24 WEATHERPAK 2000 User Manual Shipboard Weather 3 4 INSTALLING THE WEATHERPAK 2000 The last step in the assembly is to plug the WEATHERPAK 2000 into its base mount Final cable check Pins and A should be 12VDC See Figure 5 Plug the wind monitor into the WEATHERPAK 2000 NOTE The ultrasonic wind sensor is pre installed on the WEATHERPAK 2000 If the WEATHERPAK 2000 is equipped with an ultrasonic wins sensor skip this step The wind monitor can be plugged onto the WEATHERPAK 2000 before or after it is installed into its base mount Use your judgment and do not damage the delicate wind monitor Align the support shaft and push it completely onto the it should fit in gently Lock the wind monitor into place with the nylon locking arm and screw d
40. m Reset A system reset whereby the computer is reset and restarted but all peripherals remain powered Watchdog Timer A special countdown time whose function is to cold or warm reset a system if its computer program stops operating Often during lightning or intense RFI a computer RAM will be corrupted and the program will crash XT A PC computer with a hard disk drive Coastal Environmental Systems 206 682 6048 71
41. mable Read Only Memory holds the program permanently When power is applied the DAC moves the program from EPROM to the RAM memory for operation Foreground Computer activity with human interaction See Background GMT Greenwich Mean Time also called Universal Coordinated Time UCT the internationally accepted time reference Interface Box Also called the interface unit this unit provides data and power interface between the Weatherpak the bridge network and the display Magnetic declination See Variation Magnetic variation See Variation NMEA National Marine Electronics Association PC Computer Any computer which is compatible with or equivalent to the IBM PC computer This usually implies the microprocessor is the 80288 See also AT and XT RAM Random Access Memory memory for data storage and program operation RAM memory can be written to and read by addressing from the microprocessor ROM Read Only Memory chips that are programmed by any of the several means and cannot be changed under normal operation See PROM EPROM RC Filter An analog low pass filter made of resistors and capacitors Resolution The smallest amount of change in a measured quantity that can be discerned in a measurement Unless stated otherwise resolution implies the reported resolution which is the lease resolvable change in the final datum As an example temperature might be reported to 0 19 but the actual
42. measurement and internal processing might maintain 0 01 C resolution In this case the resolution would be 0 1 C sometimes written 0 1 Coastal Environmental Systems 206 682 6048 69 WEATHERPAK 2000 User Manual Shipboard Weather RFI Radio Frequency Interference any noise that enters into a system from external sources RS232 A computer serial interface standard with single ended logic lines RS 422 A computer serial interface standard where the receive and transmit signals are balanced pairs Useful for long distance noise free communication SI Units The international system of physical units similar to the MKS system meters kilogram seconds Tranzorb A special diode semiconductor device that will act as a short to high voltage transients It is installed on electrical input or output connections to protect a device from corona or electrical transients such as lightning UHF Ultra High Frequency is the radio band from 300 MHz to 3000 MHz Common radio bands in this region are 401 416 MHz 450 512 MHz and 920 960 MHz Variation Also magnetic variation and deviation At most points on the Earth the direction to true north varies from the direction to magnetic north by some number of degrees This difference is called the magnetic declination When the local magnetic anomalies are added to the declination the result is called the magnetic variation or simply the variation Either term declinatio
43. n alter the temperature Coastal Environmental Systems 206 682 6048 45 WEATHERPAK 2000 User Manual Shipboard Weather Ship Induced Humidity Errors Humidity that is relative humidity is the saturation of the air the amount of water it contains divided by the total it can hold without condensing At the surface of the water the RH 100 Higher up it will decrease to some steady value As the air moves around the ship it carries the same water content it had before it encountered the ship The RH will increase all over the ship because the air is lifted in its trajectory The vertical distribution of RH depends on the original vertical distribution and the wind pattern over the ship In the figure below there can be a 10 RH difference between the bridge and the mast Relative Humidity Altitude in Meters MT lal d Hmc 4 79 Figure 13 The RH Distribution Around a Ship Coastal Environmental Systems 206 682 6048 46 WEATHERPAK 2000 User Manual Shipboard Weather Ship Induced Barometer Errors The barometer readings can be affected by wind generating a dynamic pressure that adds or subtracts from the true atmospheric pressure also called the static pressure The exact amount of pressure error depends upon the wind speed at high winds the error can be extreme Wind tunnel tests show the barometer error inside a closed room with a single opening depending upon the location of the opening Th
44. n error then contact the manufacturer If it is not a new sensor then it the filter may be dirty and require maintenance Barometer OK The bridge of the ship will have its standard barometer which can be used as a reference The pressure reading should agree with the bridge reading 5 mbar to be within specification Please refer to Section 6 for an explanation of variations Remember wind errors can cause confusion so comparisons are best done on calm days Coastal Environmental Systems 206 682 6048 29 WEATHERPAK 2000 User Manual Shipboard Weather 5 0 MAINTENANCE 5 1 SCHEDULED SERVICE Scheduled service is best performed in port in mild and clear weather with two people See Section 4 2 which describes the steps for making simple verification of the accuracy of the sensors and their measurements The checks in that section should be repeated at this time also SCHEDULED SERVICE LINE ITEM SERVICE PERIOD SERVICE DESCRIPTION months WEATHERPAK 6 Check condition of case and base mount Clean up Wind Monitor 6 Check condition of sensor Check bearing for salt contamination or wear if applicable Replace wind monitor if necessary The ultrasonic wind sensor does not need service but make sure that the area between the two top plates of the sensor is clean and free of debris Temperature 24 Check accuracy with deck sensor Relative 3 or less if dirty Change the filter Check accu
45. n or variation is correct although surveyors generally prefer the term declination and navigators the term variation Aeronautical and marine charts give variation as isogonic lines or lines of constant magnetic variation Variation changes with time and the charts usually give the rate of change In some areas such as the Arctic the charts note that compass measurements are unreliable For the highest accuracy it is important to use up to date charts When a compass needle points east of true north it is due to easterly variation This is the case for most of the continental U S A The correction from magnetic to true direction for an easterly variation is a positive correction As an example in Seattle WA the variation is approximately 22 and a compass reading of 0 Mag corresponds to a true direction of 22 True Alternatively a western variation results in a negative correction Coastal Environmental Systems 206 682 6048 70 WEATHERPAK 2000 User Manual Shipboard Weather VHF Very High Frequency is the radio band from 30 MHz to 300 MHz Vector Averaging The technique for averaging a wind or ocean current by converting each measured speed and direction pair to a corresponding pair of x y coordinates for averaging The coordinates are summed over an averaging interval and their final average is computed at the end of the averaging time Vector averaging removes the errors that occur when direction cycles from 359 to 0 War
46. n wires or pins Data light flashing Every 5 seconds approximately the data light will flash as the WEATHERPAK 2000 is updating the display If the light does not flash then 1 Check the power connection to the WEATHERPAK 2000 2 Check the COMI and COM2 connections they might be wired in reverse 3 Check the WEATHERPAK 2000 is fully inserted in its base mount and the locking arms are down Brightness control OK Check the brightness control switch Does the brightness go bright and dim two settings only If this does not function properly then the display panel is defective All data numbers present Check that numbers are showing on the display for each sensor that you have in your system All sensors except winds are optional in the WEATHERPAK 2000 Be sure you know which sensors your unit has and that the correct numbers are displayed Coastal Environmental Systems 206 682 6048 27 WEATHERPAK 2000 User Manual Shipboard Weather 4 2 VERIFY MEASUREMENT ACCURACY After the previous section the system is operational but now you need to confirm that the measurements are accurate If questions arise we will try to respond to you as quickly as we can See the section on reporting problems for the correct procedure Wind speed OK Check that the propeller is turning if applicable Estimate as best you can the wind speed at the sensor This should agree with the displayed reading Wind
47. not broken or obstructed If the vane is freely moving the propeller is turning and there is a zero for the direction and you re sure that the wind is not from dead ahead a broken wire in the wind sensor is indicated Replace the sensor As above if this doesn t solve the problem the problem could be inside the WEATHERPAK 2000 If the direction is wrong but the alignment pin is correct See Section 3 2 call ina problem report The WEATHERPAK 2000 may have to be returned to the factory for repairs The vane must rotate freely to track the wind The vane is supported by bearings which can wear or accumulate deposits preventing free rotation Worn wind sensors can be repaired or replaced Wind direction is always off by the same amount Problem The wind direction is always off by the same amount The wind direction is reported as apparent wind This is relative to the ship s heading When the WEATHERPAK 2000 mount was installed the guide pin had to be aligned to the bow Check the alignment of the WEATHERPAK 2000 mount TEMPERATURE RELATIVE HUMIDITY Temp RH reads extremes or never changes Problem Temperature and or humidity sensor reads extreme low or high value or never changes A temperature or humidity value which is extremely low or high or never changes readings indicates a shorted or an open wire in the sensor or the WEATHERPAK 2000 Replace the sensor If the problem persists have the WEATHERPAK 2000 tested
48. oming from the same direction This wind is called the apparent wind because it is the wind relative to the observer on the ship Usually the apparent wind is coming over the bow Seamen know about the winds on a ship at sea To windward the wind strength is felt To leeward the wind speed drops and turbulence gustiness is felt as he wind breaks over the ship superstructure The figure below shows a typical case of winds blowing around a ship The lines with arrows are streamlines Lines closer together indicate higher wind speeds and curly lines indicate turbulence The numbers are of wind speed measurements if you had a sensor at that location Ahead of the ship before the wind feels the ship the normal wind ocean layer causes the speed to decrease from 20 to 30 m height to zero nearly at the surface As the wind blows over the ship the streamlines get closer together meaning the winds speed up Scientists call this streamline compression and the resulting increase in speed can be considerable The errors certainly depend on the direction of the wind relative to the ship Wind Speed in Knots Altitude Meters e d Figure 11 The Wind Flow Around a Ship Coastal Environmental Systems 206 682 6048 43 WEATHERPAK 2000 User Manual Shipboard Weather Temperature Errors Temperature is both the simplest and the most difficult measurement to make properly The temperature sensor is a simple thermist
49. or temperature dependent resistor that is rugged and reliable But there are so many different heat sources occurring naturally that one is never sure of his accuracy without taking the greatest of care A few of the sources of error are given below Altitude in Meters Figure 12 The Temperature Distribution Around a Ship Ocean heating or cooling If the ocean is much hotter or colder than the air then a temperature surface layer much like the wind surface layer exists Thus from the surface to about 5 m height one can see considerable variation Sun heating The sun will heat up the sensor We have a good shade screen over the temperature sensor but even with that the sensor could heat by several degrees in a hot sun and with light winds Coastal Environmental Systems 206 682 6048 44 WEATHERPAK 2000 User Manual Shipboard Weather e Ship heating The ship is generally hotter than the air or the water Thus as the air flows over the ship it will warm somewhat Also the heat radiation from the ship will warm the sensor e Wind turbulence As the wind flows around the ship it will move the air to different levels thus causing differences e Stack gas Stack gas is hot and moist aside from being dirty and can cause significant errors in temperature and humidity e Water on the sensor If the sensor is wet or if there are large pools of water around the sensor then in the wind evaporative cooling ca
50. or b there are headings but no numbers only asterisks If the display lights it has power Check the data light on the face plate of the display It should be off and flicker as data is received from the WEATHERPAK 2000 every 5 seconds If there is no flicker the WEATHERPAK 2000 may be off Check the input to the BNS and check the 12 VDC power to the WEATHERPAK 2000 from the terminal strip If the BNS is being updated the WEATHERPAK 2000 is working Check for cable problems such as shorted or open wires on COMM lines If the WEATHERPAK is not functioning it should be replaced then repaired Display works but no data transfer Problem The display works but the BNS is not getting data from the WEATHERPAK 2000 If the display works the WEATHERPAK 2000 is working Check for cable problems on the COMM1 lines to the BNS or the data format and baud rate The baud rate could have been changed with a parameter in the WEATHERPAK 2000 Coastal Environmental Systems 206 682 6048 33 WEATHERPAK 2000 User Manual Shipboard Weather 5 2 5 TROUBLESHOOTING SENSOR FAILURE This section assumes that the WEATHERPAK 2000 and the display are functioning but some data value s appear to be in error WIND Wind speed is extremely low Problem Wind speed is zero or extremely low note that the WEATHERPAK measures and calculates Vector averaged wind speed and direction If compared to a less expensive or older instrument
51. own the nylon retaining bolt Plug in the WEATHERPAK 2000 Firmly install the WEATHERPAK 2000 in the base mount The assembly will be aligned with the base mount with the pressure port facing directly forward Make sure the locking arms are pulled down firmly As an extra precaution use a plastic tie or seizing wire through the rings to secure the locking arms Coastal Environmental Systems 206 682 6048 25 WEATHERPAK 2000 User Manual Shipboard Weather 4 0 VERIFYING SYSTEM OPERATION At this point after all the steps in the installation section are followed the WEATHERPAK 2000 system should be completely operational In this section we will do the following 1 Test and make sure the cables are wired correctly and 2 Evaluate the measured data and make sure the sensors are all operating and making good measurements Coastal Environmental Systems 206 682 6048 26 WEATHERPAK 2000 User Manual Shipboard Weather 4 1 VERIFY THE WEATHERPAK 2000 AND DISPLAY OPERATION if you have a dual WEATHERPAK system Toggle the display switch to the port or starboard WEATHERPAK 2000 that you want to test Is the display operating The display should be on and showing data Display light on The display should be on and the display characters visible If this does not occur do the following 1 Check the power supply output 2 Check the power on the connector to the display 3 Check the cables for broke
52. r Bi 573012006 Date August a0 i 1 Coastal Environmental Systems 206 682 6048 60 WEATHERPAK 2000 User Manual Shipboard Weather APPENDIX C SENSOR SPECIFICATIONS Following is a technical description of sensors installed on a WEATHERPAK 2000 Wind Monitor Propeller and Vane P N 1220 117 025 INCLUDED ITEM SIZE Wind Monitor Quick release plug Length Height Weight ENVIRONMENTAL Temperature range 214 in 550 mm 14 6 in 370 mm 2 2 Ibs 1 0 kg 50 to 70 Shock Body construction of rigid U V stabilized plastic and propeller of molded polystyrene plastic result in a sensor that is sensitive light and rugged Range Wind Speed 0 to 224 mph 0 to 100 m s Azimuth 360 mechanical 355 electrical Threshold Propeller 0 4 m s Vane 0 8 m s ACCURACY AND RESOLUTION Accuracy lt 0 5 m s and 2 Deg Resolution of sensor Reported resolution 0 09778 Hz m s and 0 1 Deg 0 1 m s and 1 Deg Coastal Environmental Systems 206 682 6048 61 WEATHERPAK 2000 User Manual Shipboard Weather Wind Monitor Ultrasonic P N 1220 117 026 INCLUDED ITEM Wind Monitor SIZE Diameter 142 mm Height 160 mm Weight 0 5 kg ENVIRONMENTAL Temperature range 35 C to 70 C Shock Robust construction with no moving parts Range Wind Speed 0 to 60 m s Direction 0 360 no dead band ACCURACY AND RESOLUTION Ac
53. racy Humidity using a sling psychrometer on the deck if necessary Barometer 6 Check barometer against deck standard Cables 6 Inspect all cables for cuts wear or corrosion Check MS connectors 5 1 1 WEATHERPAK 2000 MAINTENANCE The WEATHERPAK 2000 is a sealed weather tight assembly with no moving parts The only maintenance required is to clean it and be sure all nuts and bolts are tight Clean the case of oil and stack deposit Check for minimal corrosion Check to be certain that the base mount is firm with no wobble or vibration Check base mount O ring and gasket Clean and grease with Dow Corning 4 or equivalent if necessary Coastal Environmental Systems 206 682 6048 30 WEATHERPAK 2000 User Manual Shipboard Weather 5 1 2 WIND SENSOR MAINTENANCE NOTE The ultrasonic wind sensor has no moving parts For the wind monitor Check condition of sensor Check bearings if applicable for resistance or wear Replace sensor if necessary Verify speed and direction accuracy 5 1 3 TEMPERATURE RH SENSOR MAINTENANCE Replace the filter if necessary Verify sensor accuracy 5 1 4 BAROMETER MAINTENANCE Verify sensor accuracy 5 1 5 CABLES AND CONNECTOR MAINTENANCE Check MS connectors at the base mount They should be free of any corrosion Replace if necessary Check condition of waterproof tape and sealants Replace if necessary
54. sit of salt will cause the sensor to read a high humidity all the time We provide a Coastal Environmental Systems 206 682 6048 48 WEATHERPAK 2000 User Manual Shipboard Weather protective filter for the RH sensor to keep out both salt spray and stack gas deposits The filter should be replaced regularly e Barometer The barometer is a simple strain gauge device with a sealed silicon pressure chamber The chamber is exposed directly to the air through a coil of tubing that is designed to prevent rain from settling into the chamber Salt will cause some corrosion in the chamber but the lifetime of the sensor is several years Coastal Environmental Systems 206 682 6048 49 WEATHERPAK 2000 User Manual Shipboard Weather 7 0 DATA AVERAGING METHODS The measurements by the sensors are averaged the WEATHERPAK 2000 Below is a brief description of the data processing that is done to produce the numbers you see on the display and the navigation system SAMPLING The will sample the sensors twice each second DATA TRANSMISSION DESTINATION Tx SCHEDULE DATA Channel 1 Display Every 5 seconds Averaged Winds VS VD Temperature Relative Humidity RH Barometric Pressure Channel 2 Nav System Every 5 seconds Wind samples WS WD Averaged Temperature T A Rel Humidity RH Barometric Pressure BP Wind speed and direction The winds are vector average
55. therpak 2000 1 meter cable Serial Output to Navigation System pe AIC Power cable gt Interface Display Box Figure 1A Shipboard WEATHERPAK 2000 Block Diagram Single WEATHERPAK Coastal Environmental Systems 206 682 6048 WEATHERPAK 2000 User Manual Shipboard Weather Optional Optional Sonic Wind og Dyg Sonic Wind Pon Weatherpak 2000 Starboard Weatherpak 2000 Quickrelease 1 meter Connector P N 2109000041 Connector P N 2109000005 Serial Output to Navigation System Bridge Interface Display Box AIC Power Figure 1B WEATHERPAK 2000 System Block Diagram Dual Coastal Environmental Systems 206 682 6048 10 WEATHERPAK 2000 User Manual Shipboard Weather Wind monitor X l Propeller mut finger tight 7 Propeller Senna shalt Optional Sonic Wind Wind monitor locking arm Cut away of plastic shields show placement of relative humidity sensor Temperature RH sensor with filter tipi Barometer port Barometer WEATHERPAK 2000 Weatherpak base Quick Relcase alignment pin Lock down arms Weatherpak quick release base mount Umbilical cable Coml Com2 and power cable Weatherproof protective cap Figure 2 WEATHERPAK 2000 Nomenclature Shown with Young Wind Monitor Coastal Environmental Systems 206 682 6048 11 WEATHERPAK 2000 User Manual Shipboard Weather
56. ve first placing the smaller diameter end of the sleeve over the sensor Replace the small sleeve fitting the smaller diameter end into the larger sleeve Replace the swage lock top and hand tighten Tighten the top of the swage lock by hand then use a wrench to tighten it 1 4 turn more DO NOT OVER TIGHTEN NOTE Make sure that the AT RH filter is NOT inside the swage lock top Coastal Environmental Systems 206 682 6048 39 WEATHERPAK 2000 User Manual Shipboard Weather 6 0 SHIPBOARD WEATHER Do I trust the bridge or the WEATHERPAK 2000 You re an experienced seaman with years at sea and you know marine weather You ve used a bridge barometer and you know how to reduce apparent winds to true winds or you ve seen it done You are probably aware of the fact that ships have been taking measurements the same way since the Second World War Suddenly there s a new computerized weather gadget called a WEATHERPAK 2000 with a readout on the bridge right next to your old dials Instant suspicion What is this intruder this WEATHERPAK 2000 Is it any good Let s see how it compares to my standard equipment Aha My bridge temperature says 5 but WEATHERPAK 2000 says 2 59 And look at this my barometer the one I ve trusted for the past 15 years shows a flat 1000 millibars and WEATHERPAK 2000 reads 996 a four millibar error And finally the relative winds are way off Im reading 34 knots and WEATHERPAK 20
57. y backlight DISPLAY SPECIFICATIONS LCD small character display Display area dimensions 76 x 25 2 mm Display panel dimensions 109 x 80 x 12 mm Character height 4 75 mm Coastal Environmental Systems 206 682 6048 17 WEATHERPAK 2000 User Manual Shipboard Weather ho Left side of display Figure 6 The Bridge Interface Display Box Coastal Environmental Systems 206 682 6048 18 WEATHERPAK 2000 User Manual Shipboard Weather From veatherpak 1 TX COMM TX POWER POWER 3L C9 A 43 A3 Al j e power supply Figure 7 Bridge Interface Display Box Connections Coastal Environmental Systems 206 682 6048 19 WEATHERPAK 2000 User Manual Shipboard Weather 2 4 POWER SUPPLY Refer to Appendix C Sensor Specifications for a technical description of the power supply unit im Dimension in mm Output cable Red 5 White 12 Blue Common Black Shield Figure 8 Power Supply Coastal Environmental Systems 206 682 6048 20 WEATHERPAK 2000 User Manual Shipboard Weather 3 0 INSTALLATION The WEATHERPAK 2000 is a sensitive instrument It is rugged and reliable but you must use care in placing it on the ship Readings can be corrupted because of poor placement SELECTING AN INSTALLATION SITE 1 ReadSection 6 about shipboard weather Location on the ship affects measurement accuracy Choose an exposed and uncontaminated site
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