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S134H Basic Apparel Management

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1. e Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service BASIC HandoutA Apparel Management Sto rage Solutions Beetles Moths and Silverfish OH MY Prevention detection and elimination No we are not talking about the latest Terminator movie but about a common problem every household encounters BUGS In particular bugs that like to eat clothing Common insect pests are the clothes moth carpet beetle silverfish cockroach even crickets These insects don t really want to eat the fabric they are eating where food has been left from spills stains perspiration or starched fabrics The fabric is damaged because the food is attached to it The damage is done as the insects cut or eat away at the food source leaving small holes in the clothing These holes may not be noticeable until clothes are washed making the damage evident How to Avoid a Pest y Situation So how do you avoid damage to your clothing Make sure that everything you put away has been washed or dry cleaned and any stains removed W hat do you do if you find the pests listed above in your home Wherever the location of the infestation begin emptying that area and launder all apparel items It is necessary to clean every crack and corner of the area Use a vacuum cleaner to clean baseboards ceilings and shelving Discard the vacuum cleaner bag to prevent re infestation Soray the area with an appropriate insectici
2. e Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service le SS3 Tips for Fitting Handout D Horizontal wrinkles under tension indicate apparel is smaller than the body just above or below the wrinkles Switching to a larger size or cut will alleviate this problem Loose vertical wrinkles indicate apparel is too large Switching to a smaller size or category solves this problem Vertical wrinkles under tension form when the garment is too short or small in an area Loose horizontal folds indicate a garment is too long at that location for the wearer Combination Fitting Solutions After checking fit for tops and bottoms the wearer may be a combination of categories By choosing from different categories solving the fitting problems is easier and affords more options Knowing what to look for to diagnose fit problems leads to better satisfaction when shopping Due to an increased awareness about fit problems size and classifications participants can manipulate these variables to better fit their families An example A women trying on a blouse vest and pant The sleeves of the blouse are too long and fall onto her wrist and there are loose horizontal folds along the waist The pants have horizontal wrinkles under tension at the hip and tense vertical wrinkles in the crotch To correct the fit of both the blouse and vest she should try a peite in the same size To solve the pant di
3. e Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service ee O O l 5Ss2 Special Laudry Aids or Just the Basics Handout C Try first solution given to remove sain If stain still evident try next basic solution on list Stain Type Solutions to remove stains Protein enzyme detergent hydrogen peroxide waterless hand cleaner Oil based solvent Fels Naptha waterless hand cleaner enzyme detergent Tannin dishwashing liquid vinegar enzyme detergent 3 hydrogen peroxide borax Combination Fels Naptha ammonia solution vinegar solution Stain Removal Products Stick gel or sprays are priced per ounce and ranged from 20 to 49 and often need additional treatments or products to remove a stain Just the basics are effective at removing many stains The difference in price between these and higher priced pre formulated products can be significant Consumer Caution Often a company offers new or slightly reformulated products or size to attract consumers interest and stimulate sales This tactic leaves consumers with fewer choices and a more expensive product often considerably more The Goal 1 Limit the damage Blot up excess spills to limit the size of the resulting stain 2 Read the care label Consider the recommended water temperature and whether to bleach or not as fact 3 If in doubt send it out Good advice but beware of the cost of dry cleaning
4. Back stitch is the strongest of the hand stitches and works well in hard to reach areas of a garment or for popped seams in knitted fabrics In addition to using this stitch to simulate machine top stitching the stitch securely holds seams in hard to reach areas of any garment or along stressed seamlines To resew a seam that has popped turn the garment inside out and locate the seam needing repair Thread the needle and knot the thread according to the handout Sewing on a Button Begin sewing 1 2 back into the seam then across the opening and keep sewing another 1 2 onto the other side of the previous stitching Secure and knot the end of the thread Seam Pop SSE IVa riggs te 95 new stitches Prepared by Marla Day Extension Associate Apparel Textiles and Interior Design Kansas State Research and Extension e Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service Handout C Make A Mends Hemmed In Supplies Needed e Basic sewing kit thread needle pins e Iron and ironing board or towels e How To Replace a Button handout From the sewing kit select thread that matches the garment fabric as closely as possible Refer to the handout How To Replace a Button for how to thread the needle and knot the thread ends Hand or Inconspicuous Machine Stitched Hems Repairs can be easily made to loose or missing hand stitches by following these steps e First remove only the br
5. Generally sized for boys 7 to 17 years of age and based on developing shoulders and a defined waist Other categories based on body build are slim regular and husky e Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service a ee mss Measuring the Body Handout H Infant Toddlers and Childrens Sizes Sizes are based on height and weight Age is often listed as a size ex 3 months 2T but is not areliable indicator for fit Place the measuring tape at the various locations shown below Careful not to stretch or pull the tape too tightly Bust or chest and hip measurements are located at the fullest part of the body For Every Member of the Family Taking your own measurements can be difficult so ask a friend or other family member to help For the best results wear the undergarments needed for the garment style your considering Locating the natural waistline can be tricky use a string long enough to tie around your middle move or twist and the string will roll into the natural waist Record and date the information then store for future reference Make one for each family member and note any specific needs identified in the wardrobe inventory Name Date Bust Chest Waist Hip Sleeve Length Inseam Length a Vague Pull Evel ba rira rgi Neck THEE 12 wicker cmi ri Jti ov ee hd bord H AIEE etd dies 11 Fa vd PIT es amit rbb come ge cawi ced Esa CL at ie
6. color Clothes need amp color Estimated Cost amp Approx date of purchase Thi rts Shirts Short sleeve T shirts Shirts Long sleeve Dress shirts Short sleeve Dress shirts Long sleeve Sport shirts Slacks pants Jeans Sport Jacket Suits Outdoor Jacket Coat Hat Cap Gloves Swimsuit Everyone Pajamas Gown Underwear Bra Slip Underwear Brief Panty Socks hose Shoes Dress Casual Boots Uniforms Work Clothes Prepared by Marla Day Extension Associate Apparel Textiles and Interior Design Kansas State Research and Extension e Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service BASIC Handout G Apparel Management Action Plan Basic Styles for Everyone Basic apparel styles are capable of adapting to multiple uses style survives the test of time by featuring minimal details middle of the road styling neutral fabrics and colors and sturdy construction These basic styles last so long because they are immune to fashion swings or job changes Wasting wardrobe dollars for items not in your wardrobe plan clutters the closet and wastes resources Building a wardrobe on a cost effective basis revolves around the needs identified in the wardrobe inventory and by your work profession Begin with two basic colors of basic styles and choose seasonless fabrics that work with other basics Having just five basic pieces provides at least twelve different combinations Depe
7. e Fold garments along construction lines or wearing lines waist knees elbows Don t fold it the same way each time Ex when folding a sweater fold arms to front side Next time fold them to the back Roll garments Rolling uses less space and you can store more items with less wrinkles Protect apparel from wood lined drawers and shelves the wood will stain fabric Sachets and herbs provide a nice smell but they do not prevent pest damage Seasonal Storage After doing seasonal sorting and preparations consider these tips to insure good care Garments with starch sizing or fabric softeners will attract pests Any items washed with chlorine bleach should be rewashed to insure all bleach has been removed Avoid basement and attics These areas are prone to moisture damage and extreme heat fluctuations both conditions are potentially damaging to textiles Clean storage area prior to storage Vacuum baseboards corners and crevices Never store damp or wet clothing Avoid plastic bags and containers Don t overpack or stuff apparel into containers Wool wool blends and fur apparel are susceptible to pest damage Be sure these items are cleaned before storing Long Term Storage These items may be special garments worn at certain occasions or have sentimental value These items need greet care refer to Life s Tapestries Securing the Past for the Future Lesson Series Life s Tapestries Securing the Past for the F
8. strawberries Soft Drinks Coffee Tea Cologne Tomato Juice e Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service Ee ee al DES Blot It Out Stain Removal Handout B Dye Stains Wash in hot water with heavy duty detergent and bleach check care label if safe for fabric Dye stains are troublesome to remove due to the number of steps in the removal process First pretreat with a heavy duty liquid detergent followed by a thorough rinse If stain is still present soak in a diluted solution of all fabric bleach and rinse Examine the stained area and if stain still appears check colorfastness of fabric to a diluted solution of chlorine bleach and water Use with caution colorloss from the bleaching action is irreversible Bleach the whole garment instead of just the stained area will avoid bleached spots Refer to previous page for directions to test colorfastness If the stain remains after 15 minutes it is not able to be removed Cherry blueberry Kool Aid Color bleeding from other garments Mercurochrome lodine Felt tip pen permanent ink may not come out Merthiolate Grass Mustard India Ink Tempera Paint Combination Stains A two step process removing the oily portion of the stain first followed with the dye portion of the stain Check below for which group the stain is categorized in and follow the directions that are given Group A Oil Based Group B Dye Tannin Spray or sponge
9. Infant and toddler sizes are sized to fit over diapers Ex 3 months 24 months 2 T toddler e Young children s sizes are based on body measurements height weight NOT age and range from 2 to 6X Ex 2 4 6 6X e Older children s sizes are based on body measurements and range from 8 to 18 Generally after size 14 most children fit into adult sizes Discussion Questions Discuss with the group what options they have used for passing along children s clothing Perhaps they can swap clothing with friends who have a similar need Discuss what the typical needs are of their family to arrive at the number of clothing items they need Have measuring tapes available for participants to check out if they do not have one Demonstrate how to measure ready made clothes Soread garment out on flat surface Measure across fit areas bust chest neck waist hip arm length For areas where garment is front and back take the measurement and double it This measurement should be 2 to 3 larger for bust chest and hip areas Most people refer 1 2 to 1 inch of additional length at the waist Before administering the lesson ask participants to fill out the self evaluation sheet Following the lesson ask them to fill out My Plan for Improving My Skills e Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service HandoutA Action Plan Wardrobe Planning 1 Evaluate your present wardr
10. Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service BASIC Handout B Apparel Management Action Plan What Worked What Didn t After completing a closet inventory you separated the clothing into three categories garments you do wear garments that need repairs and garments you do not wear Examine the clothing you do not wear and ask why e Are there certain fabrics you like the looks of but don t enjoy wearing e Do you consistently buy a size too small or too large for yourself For your children e Do you buy colors you like but find them impossible to coordinate with the rest of your wardrobe e Can you identify brands or types of construction that lose their shape or are poorly constructed e Are some fabrics too light or heavy for the season e Do you buy fads that quickly go out of style Examine the clothing you do wear for similarities in the style color or fabric What made them attractive or important to keep in your wardrobe Analyzing the likes and dislikes will give clues to what really works for each individual The following questions will help you decide what to look for when shopping for clothing to add to your wardrobe like this outfit is because ____ color isa favorite ____ style is pleasing and matches at least two other garments in the closet fitis comfortable ____ tyle can be worn for work ____ style can be worn for at home or for activities ____ clot
11. Plan for Improving My Skills e Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service HandoutA Wash Wonders 101 Laundry Product Know How There are three types of energy needed to insure good cleaning results chemical energy provided by the detergent and other laundry aids thermal energy provided by the temperature of the warm to hot water mechanical energy provided by the agitation of the machine or by hand These factors interact with each other and need to bein proper balance if the balance shifts the others need to increase to insure good results To understand the laundry process let s look a amp what factors are needed to remove an oily stain Water alone is not sufficient to remove this stain because the oil repels the water droplets The detergent supplies the chemical energy needed to break apart the oil and grease The thermal energy of the water helps dissolve grease and oil inside the stain Agitation supplies the mechanical energy to pull the stain away from the garment s surface The detergent particles then hold the oil and grease suspended in water until it is carried away as the washing machine empties Liquid Powders and Enzyme Detergents Liquid detergents work at all water temperatures and are easy to use for pretreating stains Liquids also have an ingredient that helps to soften hard water minerals Powder detergents work best at lifting clay and ground in dir
12. Warm 85 to 105 F Cold 65 to F Water below 60 F is too cold for detergents to work Mystery ID Identifying the mystery stain starts with the stain s location Food stains are typically located along the front of the garment and would be a protein based stain Using the color of the stain as a guide can be confusing Rust colored stains appear similar to tea or coffee but become permanently set if inappropriately treated Some cosmetics cause color loss on fabrics due to the benzoyl peroxide in them Residue that is waxy or greasy may appear along the hem or garments and be an oil based stain Colorfastness to bleach test Check fabrics for colorfastness to chlorine bleach before using as a stain treatment Mix 1 tablespoon bleach with 1 4 cup of water Use a cotton tipped swab and dip into the solution and then dab onto an inconspicuous location of the garment Wait 2 minutes and then blot dry Look for color loss if none occurs the fabric is safe to bleach e Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service ng es Sa el DES Blot It Out Stain Removal Handout B Protein Stains For new stains presoak in cold water to dislodge scrape away excess and then launder in warm weter using a heavy duty detergent If stain remains after initial wash follow with an additional 30 minutes soak and rewash Old stains should be soaked in cold water and a liquid detergent Baby food Egg Mucus Baby for
13. aerosol sprays for pretreating stains Check aerosol spray labels for sol vents these products are flammable and require ventilation Keep away from heat or ignition sources Odor Reducers Baking Soda calcium carbonate and activated charcoal all effectively reduce odors These products help reduce skunks pet urine cigarettes and smoke damage odors Disinfectants Chlorine bleach is an effective disinfectant but not all fabrics are safe Refer to above information Quaternary compounds also a disinfectant are safe for fabrics check for colorfastness prior to using on colors Available at janitorial suppliers or some drug stores Refer to Reducing Bacteria in Clothing and Textiles MF 1130 e Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service i a l BES Laundry Product Know How Handout A Fabric Softeners For use in either the washer or dryer fabric softeners Reduce static cling wrinkles softens and may slightly reduce soiling Reduce drying time makes fabrics softer and fluffier and makes ironing easier Reduce the absorbency of towels and diapers if excessive amounts are used Fabric softeners may reduce the effectiveness of flame retardancy on children s sleepwear Liquid fabric softeners are better at softening and should be diluted prior to adding to the final rins Never pour directly onto fabrics Dryer sheets are better at treating static cling and are added at the
14. and add water to the first level To insure good cleaning results remember clothes need to circulate freely Adjust the water level to the next level as needed then let the machine fill Keep increasing the water level to allow clothes to circulate Remember to adjust the amount of detergent fabric softener and wash time based on the adjusted level Using too little water results in poor washing action and causes garments to show extra wear Rinses Cold water rinses save energy and are just as effective as warm water rinses and can be used for every load Wash Duration Wash time varies by the type of fabrics being washed and how heavily soiled they are Longer agitation is needed for heavily soiled fabrics and should be determined by the dirtiest garment s in each load Be sure to increase the amount of detergent for heavily soiled loads e Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service ee SS Decoding Your Washing Machine Handout D Four Basic Washing Procedures Regular Sturdy cotton linens no permanent press delicates or woolens Wash Setting Regular cycle Water Temp Whites or heavy soil H ot Normal soiled colored garments Warm Bright or dark colors light soil Cold Permanent Press and No Iron Items Oily stains need immediate attention to prevent permanent damage Wash Setting Use permanent press cycle Water level Medium or higher to avoid wrinkling Wate
15. are necessary to produce good cleaning results e Thermal energy is supplied by the water temperature of the wash water Hot water wash 120 140 F Warm water wash 85 105 F Cold water wash 65 75 F e Chemical energy can be boosted by adding additional products Bleach chlorine or oxygen pretreating stains presoaking even using more detergent or an enzyme based product improves cleaning results These products can compensete for lower water temperature or less mechanical action e Mechanical energy is supplied by the agitation of the washing machine Increasing the amount of time a load is agitated compensates for cooler water temperatures Water Temperature Cold water is often recommended as a wash temperature for very lightly soiled or brightly colored garments Using cold water saves energy but reduces the cleaning effect of detergents To keep a cold water wash in energy balance additional steps are needed e ua liquid detergent e usan oxygen or chlorine bleach as recommended by the care label e presoak heavily stained or soiled garments e pretreat all stains and spots e increase the duration of the wash cycle Warm water is most often recommended for cleaning Using warm water saves energy instead of using hot water increases the cleaning effect of the detergent and minimizes abrasion to the fabric for normal loads no additional bleach detergent or agitation is needed Safe for synthetic fabrics knits and w
16. beginning of the drying cycle Dryer sheets may cause mysterious stains to appear on certain fabrics To avoid this problem 1 use a liquid fabric softener 2 do not reuse fabric dryer sheets 3 do not place in the dryer before clothes are added If oily appearing splotches do appear pretreat stain and rewash Prepared by Marla Day Extension Associate Apparel Textiles and Interior Design Kansas State Research and Extension e Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service BASIC Handout B Apparel Management Wash Wonders 101 Kids Can Too Working Together Having children help in laundry responsibilities can begin as soon as they can dress or undress themselves Children enjoy learning about colors and textures and a great tool for learning about color and texture of their clothing Tips for sharing laundry responsibilities among family members e Have several smaller laundry baskets labeled with pictures and words whites darks brights fuzzy lint makers permanent press hot water or special care Each day as members change their clothes empty pockets and close zippers then drop their laundry into the appropriate basket each day Older children can pretreat stains keeping a stain stick or gel nearby encourages them to use it An added benefit to pretreating is that stains come out easier This saves time and money that would have been spent for replacements and conse
17. cycle settings allows you to set a temperature suitable for the fabrics being dried Follow these economy suggestions e Extract as much water as possible from clothes before putting them in the dryer e Sort dryer loads and set temperature by fabric type e Do not overload the dryer e When possible run consecutive loads to take advantage of dryer warmth e Try reducing drying cycle time hanging garments while still slightly damp e Clean the lint filter after each load e Check and clean the outside vent monthly e Dry clothes outside on a clothesline when possible e Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service mss Conserving Energy Use in the Laundry Handout F Vacuum the lint from the motor housing three or four times a year Follow the manufacturer s maintenance instructions listed in the owner s manual Permanent press fabrics absorb less water than conventional fabrics and therefore require less drying time By using permanent press clothing and bed linens you will reduce drying and ironing time while saving energy too Prepared by Marla Day Extension Associate Apparel Textiles and Interior Design Kansas State Research and Extension e Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service BASIC NZ Leader s Guide E parel Management Drying Details Objectives To operate laundry equipment efficiently To lea
18. either hand stitches or a sewing machine If a sewing machine is not available try a hand stitch method called the back stitch that simulates machine type stitches Back stitch Bring needle and thread to right side of fabric Insert needle back down into fabric layers about a half a stitch length behind the point where the thread emerged Then bring needle and thread out the same distance in front of that point Repeat stitch until stitches overlap 1 2 onto previous stitching Figure 6 Machine Stitching If machine sewing the hem select a matching thread and then poppedimachine shitehes thread machine Pin the hem area to be stitched and lightly gre 4 press with the iron Stitch at exactly the same distance from nee a the hem as previous stitching Begin sewing 1 2 back from Lea Sa the popped hem area see X on diagram and then stitch onto 12 Ifa previous stitching for another 1 2 Backstitch 2 to 3 stitches M new stitches when beginning and ending machine stitches Figure 7 X_begin end points Lightly press hem repairs with an iron using temperature recommended on the garment s care label A folded towel placed on a heat resistant surface may substitute for an ironing board e Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service HandoutE Make A Mends Sewing On A Button Keeping clothing in good repair allows you to enjoy them longer and keeps the to do list m
19. of clearance or end of season sales to purchase seasonless basic apparel items Shopping amp outlet stores resale shops Goodwill stores and garage sales will help maximize your clothing purchase to fit within your budget and wardrobe plan Just be sure to check all apparel purchases for damage and defects before purchase Insure that zippers work all buttons are Sewn securely seams are together and there are no holes or snags 9 Take care of the clothes you have Read and follow care labels Dry cleaning costs substantially more than laundering Some clothes require special handling such as hand washing If you are not willing to spend the extra time required find a different garment Refer to Spot Attack for help in stain removal tips Wash Wonders 101 for washing information and Drying Do s for drying tips 10 Determine the clothing budget for the family Developing a master clothing budget for the family provides a framework for each person to work within and benefit from Individual clothing needs should also fit into the master plan for family harmony Dividing the budget by the number of family members will determine how much each person is afforded Keep in mind that some family members may require more and some less Sports activities or growth spurts in children may cause spending needs to shift As youth become more responsible allowing them the flexibility to set the priorities for their clothing purchases can be a goal e
20. reason It tells you some valuable information but it doesn t come with a translation or reference guide This handout will help you understand and use the information provided on the care label Each care label must have One acceptable way to care for the product given written or using symbols Any necessary warnings about the cleaning method given such as bleaching that could harm the garment or other items cleaned with it Generic fiber name ex cotton spandex The percentage of fiber by weight 95 cotton 5 spandex Identifies the manufacturer name and RN or WPL number RN 99999 Identifies the country of origin where processed or manufactured Made in USA If fur whether it is dyed colored or bleached and the animal species If wool whether recycled or not wool recycled wool virgin wool Be easy to find readable for the useful life of the product and must be firmly attached on all garments sold in the United States Other information often included on the care label but not required e size e finishes applied permanent press stain repellent anti bacterial etc e color or lot number e special features design or brand information How will knowing the fiber content help to care for the garment Knowing what fiber s were used is your first clue for caring for the garment or how durable garments will be Some fibers are more prone to shrinkage and others require special care or handling Knowing a
21. the clothes from the washing machine as soon as the wash cycle is complete you avoid extra wrinkles Should you discover wrinkles later rewashing them solves the wrinkle problem but causes an extra expense Discovering them days after they may have mildewed causing you to purchase new garments and the wash basket will likely rust e Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service Sg ee DES Road Map For Results Handout E What s Average Laundry products always give a recommended amount to use based on an average load but how does this translate to your family Refer to the instructions on the product label Average conditions list thes criteria e A5to 7 pound load of clothes y Determine the weight of the load by using a bathroom scale Weigh an empty laundry basket then place a load of clothes in the basket and re weigh The difference between the two is the weight of the load Doing this activity will determine what is average for your washing machine e Moderate Soil y Soil level is determined by how soiled the dirtiest garment is for each load e Moderately hard water y Refer to page 2 of this handout for indicators of water hardness e Average water volume V 17 gallons for top loading washers or four to eight gallons in front loading washers Adjust the amount of laundry product for e Larger loads heavier soil hard water and large capacity washers Use slightl
22. the transfer of the stain from the clothing to the towel Have these on hand e Paper Towels e Towels e Cloths e White facial tissue e Cotton tipped swab Prepared by Marla Day Extension Associate Apparel Textiles and Interior Design Kansas State Research and Extension e Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service BASIC Handout B Apparel Management Spot Attack Blot It Out Stain Removal Stain Types There are four different types of stain categories protein based tannin based oil based or dye based Protein based stains usually result from foods and require an enzyme to remove them Oil based stains need either enzymes or a solvent based product to remove them Dye or Tannin based stains call for a bleaching action to lighten them Some stains may be a Combination treating the oil based portion of the stain first then the dye portion of the stain More specific methods are outlined below For unknown stains never use hot water and treat as a combination type stain Always check clothing as your sorting for evidence of stains Early treatment improves results Following washing check for successful stain removal before putting in the dryer Heat from the dryer iron or press permanently sets stains so checking is a necessity Check the recommendation on the stain removal product and the clothing care label for correct water temperature Hot 120 to 140 F
23. transfers to them Methods e Sponging Placing the stained area face side down over a pad of absorbent material Use a cloth to lightly sponge the stain removal product onto the center of the stain Work from the outer edges of stain toward the center Working from the edge of the stain prevents the stain from forming ring e Flushing Used to remove the released stain and removal chemicals from the fabric Emphasize using small amounts of liquid so the stain does not spread e Tamping Use a brush to assist with removing stains Use an up and down motion not back and forth which would damage the surface Discussion points Stress Safety e Store all chemicals out of reach of children e Store away from food products Do not reuse empty containers e Reclose containers after each use to conserve the product and prevent spills e Storein original containers in case of accidents Encourage them to read product labels and warnings Never combine stain removal products toxic fumes result when bleach and ammonia are mixed Only use solvents in well ventilated rooms and explain what ventilated means Diesel fuel and or gasoline stains create flammable hazards Never use flammable products near open flame or pilot lights Garments with fuel stains should be aired outside until no fumes are present before placing in a washer or dryer Demonstrate or discuss how to test stain removers in an inconspicuous location of a garment W
24. versus replacing the garment 4 Use the stain guide Keep it handy by posting it in your laundry area Prepared by Marla Day Extension Associate Apparel Textiles and Interior Design Kansas State Research and Extension e Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service Leader s Guide Wash Wonders 101 Although laundering is often perceived to be simple there are some tricks of the trade sure to improve results and add wear life to any wardrobe These tricks are worth learning both from an economic and an esthetic standpoint Objectives e To operate laundry equipment e To learn how to use the many types of laundry products e To understand the information and symbols provided on garment care labas e To encourage all family members to participate in and share responsibility with the laundry Laundry Product Know How Handout This material describes the type of products on the market today their uses and how to determine what s in laundry detergent to improve laundering results Explain the three types of energy balance needed Explain that lowering water temperature requires added agitation or additional detergent to stay in energy balance When one goes up or down the others need to respond Labels W hat Do They Tell You Handout Have examples of garment care labels for participants to refer to during presentation Discuss what options they have for ga
25. Sizes Correlate size with bust waist and hip measurements and categorizes into Misses Women s and Junior s Misses are for adult women of average height and proportions Women s are for shorter women with full mature figures Junior sizes fit short slender and youthful body types Petites are sized for shorter overall proportions and length while Tall sizes have longer proportions and additional length Menswear Sizes Jacket sizing correlates with the chest measurement and height Pants are sized to waist and inseam measurements Inseams are most easily measured by measuring a pair of pants that are the desired length Place the tape at the intersection of the inside crotch and then out to the end of the leg Dress slacks offer regular and long rise styles which lengthen the crotch Shirts are sized based on the neck and sleeve length measurements Younger men s shirts have a smaller neck and trimmer cut through the torso Sleeve length is measured from the center back of the neck across the shoulder then out to the elbow and down to the wrist bone See illustration Girls Sizes Sized according to height weight waist and hip measurements Generally sized for girls 7 to 11 years of age with an undefined bust and slightly defined waist Slim regular and plus sized categories often are designated May also have categories of preteen teen and junior Boys Sizes Sizes based on height weight chest and waist measurements
26. Sodium Perborate provides gentler bleaching action for fabrics Activated bleach systems provide whitening at lower water temperatures Sodium Sulfate is a processing aid used to impart physical characteristics viscosity solubility stability and uniform density Stabilizing agents are preservatives to protect product s integrity during shipping and storage Anti redeposition agents prevent soil from resettling during washing Corrosion inhibitors protect the metal machine parts and finishes Suds control agents moderates the amount of suds during cleaning Fragrances mask base odors of the ingredients soil and package while providing special identity to product Imparts pleasant odor to clothes Liquid In addition to those granular ingredients listed above liquid detergents have e Buffering agents maintain the pH of the water during the wash process e Hydrotropes and solvents prevent freezing dissolves organic soils and keeps product from separating into layers These solvents are water soluble e Quaternary compounds impart softness reduce static and kill or inhibit growth of microorganisms Other Resources The K State Research amp Extension 4 H Clothing and Textiles Curriculum Level Il pages 127 136 includes activities and handouts to supplement this program information Before administering the lesson ask participants to fill out the self evaluation sheet Following the lesson ask them to fill out My
27. Somewhat Well Helping family members establish good habits for pretreating stains Read the owner s manuals for laundering equipment if available e Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service Wks Basic Apparel Management Evaluation Instrument to be administered before classes following classes and at 6 and 2 month follow ups Measurable Objective D An Assessment of How My Apparel Management Activities Affect My Family s Well Being and Resources 1 2 3 4 5 How often does the following Sometimes About 1 2 Always occur of the Time Our apparel is stain free and in good repair Each member wears or uses each garment in their wardrobe Determine good value when shopping for new apparel items Recognize actual fit of apparel on the body Uses basic styles for wardrobe planning a ee ae Record measurements of family members to use when shopping Have a stain kit accessible to family members Treat stains as soon as possible Use laundry products effectively Recognize and use garment labels in determining laundry treatments Use laundering equipment s cycles levels and temps to their full potential Have a pest prevention plan in place Storage needs for seasonal apparel are in place Created a system for completing minor clothing repairs Return to Paula Peters or Marla Day 11 e Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station and Coop
28. ace in the dryer for just a few minutes usually 5 to 7 minutes e Then hang them up buttoning collars or other closures e Let hang dry and you will have little if any ironing to do Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service I e mss Hang Ups And Other Options Handout A Both you and your laundry will have the benefit of both worlds the softness that machine drying offers the clean fresh smell that line drying provides and some extra money in your pocket from using less electricity or gas Hanger Helpers and Space Savers Hangers Plastic hangers are recommended over metal hangers when hanging damp laundry Metal hangers may leave rust spots on the clothing Rolling Racks Increase the amount of hanging space for hanging damp laundry by adding an inexpensive rolling rack Racks are convenient for hanging damp laundry that can then be tucked away Over The Door Hooks If you are short on hanging space in the laundry room consider adding a few over the door hooks These hooks are inexpensive and useful when drying garments on hangers Prepared by Marla Day Extension Associate Apparel Textiles and Interior Design Kansas State Research and Extension e Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service Handout B Drying Details Sizing Up The Cycle Code Garments that are washed together are generally safe to dry togethe
29. ad out over along period of time to better fit their budget The following information refers to the Wardrobe Planning handout Teaching Tips 1 Evaluate your present wardrobe Explain how to go through a family s wardrobe looking for items that are worn out need repairs or fit improperly Refer to the handout W hat Do Those Fold Lines Mean and Tips For Fitting to help participants with decisions e Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service l BES Wardrobe Action Plan Leader s Guide Get organized Discuss ways to organize a closet 3 Decideon a basic color plan for each family member Building around neutrals as a family will permit clothing to be passed to other members Bring paint chips from a paint store to help members visualize these colors Plan for variety Show examples of basic apparel styles such as T shirts slacks and sweaters Discuss options they could use to vary these pieces for working in an office going to a sporting activity or cooking at home Plan for flexibility Have members refer to W hat Worked W hat Didn t handout They will be looking at the hours spent in various activities and rank them based on the interests of their household Buy basic styles they last longer Refer participants to the handout Basic Styles for Everyone As they think about their lifestyle and the wardrobe plan they will be determining how much of their war
30. adline sell or give away those items that don t fit and update your wardrobe plan with the replacement items ready the next time you shop Out of Sight Out of mind Apparel storage falls within three categories short term day to day seasonal and long term Each with differing needs to provide a safe environment for apparel How you go about storing the seasonal wardrobe is based on the amount of space you have available Closet storage is primarily designed for hanging items with some shelves and drawer space for current season needs If floor space is available adding rolling racks boxes or cartons may be a solution for crowded closets and seasonal storage e Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service aaa ea gaa ee S Controlling Apparel Storage Handout B Wire hangers easily available affordable rust snags no support lightweight for fabrics distort shoulders on knitted garments tangle easily Plastic tubular hangers some support for lightweight easily break may still distort garments affordable shoulders on knitted shirts Padded shaped good support for weight of most more expensive and Suit hangers garments sheer fabrics dresses suits tailored garments Skirt pant or clip easy to use allow pants to hang metal clips may rust clips mar style hangers from hem keeping crease fabric surface skirts develop The Good the Bad and the Ugly on Storage Short t
31. ality features and a bargain offers more quality features in terms of the price Always remember quality can be found at any price level So what quality details should you look for The list can be lengthy but begin with these simple steps 1 Fabric is the basic foundation of apparel Fabric is woven by yarns which run up and down or across When apparel is cut from the fabric it too should run up and down and across Sometimes apparel is not cut correctly and actually causes clothing to twist around the body This is called off grain and cannot be corrected Off grain apparel isa result of poor quality control during the manufacturing process photo example on Handout D Manufacturers sometimes use bias cut sections to cut costs Bias cut apparel is exceptionally difficult to sew tends to stretch out of shape hang unevenly at the hem or sag compromising quality Patterned fabrics should match along seamlines in both directions across and up and down Matching indicates quality because of the additional fabric and labor involved in cutting and sewing Colors should match between pieces and is an indicator of quality Fabric thread buttons zippers even elastic should match function and be durable Manufacturers know the performance characteristics of each fabric and should base decisions on how well these pieces perform in accordance with the fabric Seams within a garment should be securely sewn Check to make sure t
32. amp items in the dryer shake to keep them from clumping Shaking reduces wrinkles and helps the garments dry faster e Clean the lint filter before and after drying each load of clothes A dirty filter slows the laundry process increases drying time and wastes electricity or gas e Remember to dry lint givers in separate loads from lint receivers e Never dry items containing foam rubber on a heat setting fire may result These items will be better off drying on the clothesline e Never place any item in the washer or dryer that has any trace of a flammable liquid or solid still present Cleaning products used in stain removal or products such as gasoline kerosene turpentine or wax removers remaining on garments should never be laundered until vapors or traces of the flammable material have dissi pated e Young children should never operate or play inside with or around laundry equipment and products Always supervise children when they help with laundry responsibilities Prepared by Marla Day Extension Associate Apparel Textiles and Interior Design Kansas State Research and Extension e Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service BASIC NZ Leader s Guide A aral Mana ement PP g Storage Solutions Storage in the home is an important component in the management of apparel It is however often overlooked until you are faced with a crisis Handouts f
33. anageable Loose or missing buttons is a common clothing repair But how many of us have lost buttons and then tossed the clothing into the mending pile only to never see it again The best time to resew a loose button is when you discover it Following this advice will save time and money because you won t be shopping for a replacement or searching the house for the one button that got away Where Do You Begin From your sewing kit select Button Types Thread to match the fabric 2 or 4 hole or shank Button Needle Toothpick D Straight pins Pencil Ruler Scissors Threading the Needle Wind off of the spool approximately 30 of thread and cut at an angle across the thread with scissors Cutting at an angle with scissors makes the thread easier to insert into the eye of the needle Put the angle cut end through the needle eye and bring the two ends together and knot Make a Knot Take the two ends together and loosely wrap around the end of your finger Tuck the ends through the loop and pull ends to close the loop Trim remaining tails within 1 8 of the knot Repeat the process if the knot pulls through the fabric Buttons If the button is lost try to locate one that is similar Check with your local fabric or discount store for buttons A good idea for next time is to have a container to put extra buttons in as they turn up around the home Prepared by Marla Day Extension Associate Apparel Textiles and I
34. and products available at grocery or discount stores Brand names are given for specific products when no substitute is available Many of the products used in the formulas are already in the home but used for other purposes Developing your own stain removal products will save money and take little time and effort to make Label all storage bottles with the solution and date Always keep cleaning products stored away from the reach of young children The Basics Special Laundry Aids Cost in to make stain removal solution 8 Vinegar solution 1 part vinegar Stick Pretreatment 2 20 to 2 parts water 4 Ammonia solution 1 part ammonia Gel Pretreatment 1 72 to 8 parts water 3 Dishwashing liquid solution Powder Oxygen Bleach 3 25 7 86 1 teaspoon clear liquid to 1 cup weter 4 Enzyme Detergent solution Chlorine Bleach Liquid or Gel 96 1 68 1 teaspoon of bleach alternative detergent to 1 cup water Specialty Products 1 95 2 97 3 3 Hydrogen peroxide 1 part hydrogen peroxide and 3 parts water Total 10 08 16 43 3 Bleach 1 part chlorine bleach and 3 parts water 36 Fels Naptha soap made into a paste part grated soap to 10 parts water 61 Sub Total 2 00 7 squeeze bottle containers with caps for solutions listed above one time expense 2 25 Solvent cleaning fluid 1 67 Waterless Hand Cleaner as is _ 87 Acetone based nail polish remover without added color or fragrance 5 40 Total
35. de available a amp the local market Follow instructions carefully Washing shelves with detergent bleach ammonia or disinfectants will not have any effect on insect pests Closely monitor other areas of the home for evidence of pests Are mothballs a good way to deter moths They are an effective but smelly method and require an airtight environment Most closets and cedar chests cannot provide airtight storage space Moth balls are toxic and should never be handled by or located within the reach of children and pets Mothballs should never touch the fabrics directly but suspended above in a mesh bag The scent from moth balls will not kill insects but they do find it offensive and usually stay away Unfortunately the scent is offensive to us as well and is very difficult if not impossible to remove the smell from clothing W hat is the best way to store apparel in the home and away from pests Make sure the apparel is clean the closet or storage area is clean and well ventilated and checked frequently pests p ab For additional information on household repared by Marla Day Extension Associate pets pease Se K State Rexaldiand Apparel Textiles and Interior Design Extension publication MF 1096 Kansas State Research and Extension Household Insect Control e Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service BASIC Handout B Apparel Management Storage Solutions Controlling Apparel Sto
36. dering Gel apply ASAP to stain can be left bright or fluorescent colors for up to one week beforelaundering should be washed immediately 4 e Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service lt ss Putting Together a Stain Kit Handout A Type Form Use Best at or Special Cautions Dry cleaning extremely flammable repeated light applications more solvent removes oily or greasy stains effective always rinse before washing in machine Acetone Liquid removes ball point ink and ventilation required flammable some glues and not for use on acetate fabrics Liquid good grease cutting agent Helps to keep anti perspirant stains No added color from developing Never mix with or fragrances bleach or use on silk or wool fabric Liquid dissolves and removes color in dilute with water flammable 70 90 some stains and poisonous concentration Rust removers Powder removes rust carefully follow safe for white fabrics only manufacturer s directions Waterlesshand_ Paste or lotion removes stubborn greasy dirt contains petroleum distillates cleaners Vinegar white Liquid combined with other products to removes yellowed anti perspirant remove general stains stains Borax Powder useful for removing tannin softens hard water based stains Absorbents A supply of clean white materials is used to absorb stains during the removal process White is recommended in order to observe
37. drobe should be divided into work school or lifestyle apparel Find good quality it pays The handout Quality Details in Apparel will help participants recognize what details to look for when evaluating apparel construction Discuss what on grain and off grain mean and what effect it will have on apparel garments twist around body A well planned wardrobe doesn t have to cost a fortune Ask participants about their shopping strategies for apparel Takecare of the clothes you have Read and follow care labels Refer to Spot Attack for help in stain removal tips Wash Wonders 101 for washing and label information and Drying Details for drying tips Distribute the handout Measuring the Body and discuss how to get family members measurements Recommend carrying a tape measure at all times Having this information with a tape measure makes shopping easier Apparel can be laid flat and quickly measured across the garment at fit points to check if sized to fit Discussion Questions Q Begin with describing some terms style basic styles and fit points You may have others after discussion A Style refers to the cut of the structural lines within a garment such as a double breasted blazer an A line skirt and straight leg pants e Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service mss Wardrobe Action Plan Leader s Guide Basic or classic styles are no nonsense pieces that end
38. e to allow clothes to finish drying with the residual heat e Clean the filter before and for really fluffy stuff during every load e Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service a e arn lt Ss Drying Details Leader s Guide e When dryer is not running check the outside dryer vent to make sure it closes tightly e Locate your dryer in a heated area of the home Putting it in a cold or damp basement causes the dryer to work harder Drying clothes is a process of evaporation a cl othes dryer speeds up the process by controlling three variables the input of heat the flow of air and a control system Control systems can be as simple as a timer where the user estimates the time to dry a given load a temperature sensor which estimates dryness or a moisture sensor these directly measure dryness A moisture sensor reduces energy use by about 15 percent worth about 12 yr Temperature sensors average a 10 percent savings over timers Future dryers will use microwave technology to increase efficiency A prototype under development will use about 12 percent less energy than present systems Before administering the lesson ask participants to fill out the self evaluation sheet Following the lesson ask them to fill out My Plan for Improving My Skills e Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service ZKSIATE Handout A Dryin
39. e University Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service BES Storage Evaluation Instrument to be administered before classes Measurable Objective B My Plan for Improving My Skills During the next six months would like to improve my skills at keeping my family s apparel pest and stain free after storing O Yes O No My goals for improvement in the storage of apparel are please check all that apply O Learn methods to prevent pest damage O Learn treatments to control pest infestation in the home O Learn safe methods for storing seasonal apparel O Other please write in Date plan to achieve these goals date My plan for achieving these goals includes O Attending classes and workshops O Reading publications O Other please write in My plan for implementing these goals for improving O Implement preventive pest control schedule in the home O Monitor home environment regularly for evidence of pests O Buy storage containers for storing seasonal apparel O Make a schedule for cleaning closet surfaces walls baseboards and shelving O Other please write in e Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service miss Make A Mends Minor Repairs Evaluation Instrument to be administered before classes Measurable Objective B My Plan for Improving My Skills During the next six months would like to improve my skills at
40. e a well coordinated and matching wardrobe will make it seem like you have more clothes AND you have spent less than you did previously Why Because you are planning purchases that fit within your budget into your wardrobe and buying at places that afford you more value for your money An added bonus is that you will have less stuff cluttering up your closet Prepared by Marla Day Extension Associate Apparel Textiles and Interior Design Kansas State Research and Extension e Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service IES Wardrobe Planning Inventory Guide Handout F Clothes I have amp color Clothes need amp color Estimated Cost amp Approx date of Children T Shirts Tops Pants Jeans Shorts Dresses Skirts Shoes Play Dress Coats Hat Cap Gloves Outdoor Jackets Sport Apparel amp Equipment Teens Tops T Shirts short sleeve Tops T Shirts long sleeve Shirts Blouse Slacks Jeans Sweaters Sweatshirts Sweatpants Skirts Shorts Blazers Sport Coat Suits Coat Outdoor Jacket Hat Cap Gloves Swimsuit Sport Clothes Equipment Women Tops T Shirts Blouses Shorts Sweaters Dresses Skirts Slacks Jeans Blazers Suits Jacket Coat Sweatshirts Sweatpants Swimsuit e Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service T eee ES Wardrobe Planning Inventory Guide Handout F Clothes I have amp
41. eS TATE Kansas State University store _A parel lanagement Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service Leader s Guide e 3 ICSIATE 1S BASIC A parel Management Wardrobe Action Plan How Much is Enough A Guide for Pl anning Apparel Needs For the Family e Having a plan helps families spend time and monetary resources wisely The step by step worksheet simplifies the process Objectives e How an evaluation of their current wardrobe will guide the wardrobe plan e How to make a wardrobe plan for each member of the family e Decide which items are needed by family members for coming seasons or activities e How planned purchases can fit within the family budget when time and money are scarce e Learn about the differences between needs and wants in planning expenditures e How to set goals and reach them Make copies of the following handouts and activity sheets for participants 1 Wardrobe Planning 2 Wha Worked What Didn t Quality Details in Apparel Wha Do Those Foldlines Mean Tips For Fitting Creating a Seasonless Wardrobe Wardrobe Inventory Guide Basic Styles For Everyone Measuring the Body Growing Kids What Are the Options Process for wardrobe planning Doing an inventory will help participants understand their current needs and maximize their budget by making sound purchase decisions Remind them that planned purchases can be spre
42. ed paint thinner to remove them Treat while wet and allow fumes to air thoroughly before laundering with heavy duty detergent Pesticides Discard clothing if full strength liquid pesticide concentrate is spilled onto them Laundering will not remove the concentrate to a safe level for clothing and also contaminates the laundry equipment Otherwise launder pesticide stains separately from other laundry Wash in hot water using a heavy duty detergent a full water leva then line dry If pesticide remains after the initial wash repeat process Run an empty wash cycle through washing machine After laundering pesticide contaminated clothing Rust Never bleach rust stains Bleach sets them permanently Commercial rust removers available at grocery and discount stores effectively removes and brightens white fabrics Cautious use of these products is needed due to the toxicity of the acids present Carefully follow manufacturer s directions Scorch Caused by excess heat permanent damage may result Immediately rub liquid detergent into scorch mark and launder All fabric bleach may improve results Melted or shiny areas cannot be restored Skunk Time air detergent ammonia white vinegar dry cleaning solvent and lots of water will improve the odor but these products should never be combined Use these products in separate steps Kitty litter or burying clothes hit with a direct spray is recommended especially for non washable items like b
43. egged without a cuff Pleated pants should lie flat across the front without gaps at pocket Pant hems should be at top of the shoe heel Skirt basic styles are straight A line or slightly gathered have narrow waistbands with side or back closure Shoes keep it simple select black e Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service SS Basic Styles for Everyone Handout G Office Business for Men Basic suit blazer slacks in a dark neutral e Shirts basics to begin white blue e Tie solids small print paisley or stripe medium width Slack select either from pleated or flat front styles Socks to match shoe or slack Shoes basic black Loafers for casual or dress down days Prepared by Marla Day Extension Associate Apparel Textiles and Interior Design Kansas State Research and Extension e Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service Handout H Action Plan Measuring the Body Having your current measurements with you while shopping makes decisions easier about clothing By comparing your measurements to those of clothing you consider purchasing you will provide a general idea whether garments will fit Sizes are classified according to sex age and body type of consumers This classification system is generally accepted by apparel manufacturers and vary by the market each apparel line targets Womenswear
44. el If color transfers to the paper towel wash the garment separately 10 e Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service eee Labels What Do They Tell You Handout C Sample Complaint Letter Your name address city state and zip code Date Retailer or manufacturer s name company contact address city state and zip code Dear On date purchased describe the garment from retailer s name and address The care label indicated that list information from the labels and tags Unfortunately my garment has been damaged because explain the problem Therefore to resolve the problem would like you to state the specific action you want Enclosed are copies copies NOT originals of my records receipts canceled checks and other documents look forward to your reply and a resolution to my problem within set atime limit Please contact me at the above address or by phone home or office numbers with area codes Sincerely your name Courtesy of the FTC Web site found at www ftc gov Prepared by Marla Day Extension Associate Apparel Textiles and Interior Design Kansas State Research and Extension e Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service BASIC Handout D Apparel Management Wash Wonders 101 Decoding Your Washing Machine As you learned in Laundry Product Know How three types of energy
45. ems and caps or hoods that obscure vision e Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service mss Growing Kids What Are the Options Handout Child s Name Date Measurements were taken Height Weight Chest Waist Shoe Size Sock Size Wardrobe Planning Needed Items Colors needed Back of card For Kids and Adults Fitting ease is extra room built into a garment when designed The ease is there to allow movement bending or reaching comfort and size fluctuations Some people prefer a tighter fit while others prefer garments to hang from their body Fitting Ease Indicated on Figures Bust or Chest M F Waist M F aa Prepared by Marla Day Extension Associate Apparel Textiles and Interior Design Kansas State Research and Extension Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service BASIC NZ Apparel Management Spot Attack Handouts for the lesson Spot Attack Leader s Guide e Putting Together a Stain Kit e Blot it Out Stain Removal e Special Laundry Aids or Just the Basics Your sorting the laundry only to discover mustard on a new white T shirt grass stains on a favorite pair of jeans and the load of white s washed last week are now pink Wha do you do now Having a few simple tools amp your disposal will help during these anxious moments Time is the greatest obstacle to o
46. ems should not be wound around the agitator but placed on one side balancing the load with other items or towels 5 Setting the Controls Choice of water level wash cycle wash and rinse temperatures agitation and time are all selected based on the type of clothing washed for each load Refer partici pants to Decoding Your Washing Machine e Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service SS a ea ee a Wash Wonders 101 Leader s Guide 6 Washing Underway Check during washing to be sure there is enough water to allow the clothes to move around freely If not then reset the water level control to a higher setting and increase the amount of detergent and fabric softener Always check clothing for stain removal prior to drying 7 Dryer Details Stress the importance of moving wet garments as soon as possible to the dryer or line dry Tip To keep the washing machine clean smelling try these tips Run acycle of hot water with one cup of bleach once a week You may do this with or without clothing in the cycle For stubborn chemical cleaning run a cycle of hot water with one quart of white vinegar once a month DO NOT add clothing to this cycle During hot weather and high humidity keep the lid open when the machine is not in use Leader s Note The following information is more technical in nature Use at your discretion Comparing Labels for Detergents Most laundry product
47. en ii pap Pe ee Ce eee Tea a Te krm ara e Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service BASIC Handout Apparel Management Action Plan Growing Kids What Are the Options Kids like clothes that feel comfortable fit properly and allow free movement Color is second to fit in children s clothing preferences Younger children like bright and primary colors Pale colors and simple designs are preferred by older children Clothes that are easy to put on and take off help children become independent Be sure to discuss each child s preferences Children s clothing needs can strain a family budget due to their growth patterns so planning is essential There are selections available when shopping for apparel that will maximize the purchases for as long as possible Growth features to look for undefined waistline or partial elastic waistbands armholes that are larger raglan style sleeves two piece garments deep hems or cuffs long tails the length of a shirt below the waist on shirts and blouses no tight cuffs or bands stretch or knit fabrics adjustable shoulder straps There are some safety concerns you should be aware of when shopping for children s apparel Clothing should not be big or so loose that it could become caught during play Avoid big sleeves and pockets or loosely attached belts sashes drawstrings located anywhere skirts or pants so long they create tripping probl
48. ent as well as the component parts Is it safe to wash a garment labeled dry clean only A manufacturer is only required to provide one recommended cleaning process Some manufacturers choose to use dry cleaning as the only method for cleaning Consumers that choose to risk laundering instead of dry cleaning a dry clean only labeled garment cannot hold the manufacturer liable if the garment is damaged or ruined Consumers must follow care instructions to be able to resolve problems with manufacturers Can cut out the care labd Removing the care label limits any recourse consumers have in substantiating a complaint with a manufacturer Garments taken to a dry cleaner or laundry service without a care label place the burden of recourse on the consumer How do I check to see if a new garment is colorfast Wash it separately the first time it s laundered The second time it s laundered try the following either of these two methods to determine whether it s safe to wash with other garments Locate a small piece of white fabric and cut it into two pieces During the rinse cycle check the rinse water for dye by dropping in one of the white swatches with the new garment After the final rinse check the fabric swatch you tossed into the rinse for whiteness compared with the other sample If there is no difference in color wash as usual Or apply alittle water or detergent along an inside seam and blot with a white paper tow
49. erative Extension Service Brand names appearing in this publication are for product identification purposes only No endorsement is intended nor is criticism implied of similar products not mentioned Contents of this publication may be freely reproduced for educational purposes All other rights reserved In each case credit Marilyn Bode Extension Housing Specialist Basic Home Maintenance Kansas State University July 2000 Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service S 134h JULY 2000 It is the policy of Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service that all persons shall have equal opportu nity and access to its educational programs services activities and materials without regard to race color religion national origin sex age or disability Kansas State University is an equal opportunity organization Issued in furtherance of Cooperative Extension Work Acts of May 8 and June 30 1914 as amended Kansas State University County Extension Councils Extension Districts and United States Department of Agriculture Cooperating Marc A Johnson Director
50. erm storage is for apparel used on a daily basis To extend the wear of these garments follow these tips Let clothing air overnight before returning to the closet drawer or laundry basket Airing permits moisture to evaporate and wear wrinkles to relax Never store damp clothing Do not store clothing near a source of heat even lightbulbs or in sunlight Rotate wearing favorite items especially shoes Shoes trap moisture inside airing helps avoid stinky feet Don t store jewelry in pockets or on jacket lapels Secure or close fasteners on tops jackets and bottoms Check for spots and stains Pretreat these items immediately Allow room between garments that hang Ideally garments should hang without being squashed by other garments The spacing helps when removing the hanger from the rod keeps closures from snagging other garments prevents wrinkles freeing you from the iron Closets and drawers should be thoroughly cleaned once a year Refer to Beetles Moths and Silverfish OH MY e Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service ee S Controlling Apparel Storage Handout B Flat Storage Usually used for items that are delicate or knit The amount of flat storage is usually limited Consider adding containers to store sweaters and other seasonal items under the bed or use trunks or suitcases that might suit the decor of the room Suggestions for flat storage are
51. f you notice these effects in your home e Aring around the bathtub e It is difficult to get shampoo or soaps to lather easily e A white residue forms around faucets and drains e Fabrics feel stiff not fluffy If you think you have hard water problems add more detergent or use a water softener in the wash water Choose the right wash temperature Sort laundry by color and water temperature Washing garments in water too hot or cold produces wrinkles dye loss shrinkage even dye transfer Don t overfill the washing machine Detergents remove dirt and the minerals in hard water by 1 holding them in suspension 2 preventing them from being redeposited on the fabric and 3 carrying them away in the water When the washer is overfilled this process is hindered and results in clothes that are not clean and overly wrinkled Reduce bacteria in the laundry e Separate laundry items that may have more bacteria on them such as dishrags kitchen towels or underwear Wash hands after placing dirty laundry in the washing machine and when moving the wet laundry to the dryer Wash and dry garments in the hottest temperature safe for the fabrics Use a disinfectant such as chlorine bleach or quaternary compounds At public laundry facilities when laundering infants clothing or following any contagious illness in the family The 3 P s of Stain Removal e Promptness e Patience e Perseverance Avoid extra work Remove
52. fiber s characteristic protects your clothing investment and enables you to adjust the laundering process accordingly e Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service aa ee Ss2 Labels What Do They Tell You Handout C W hat do all those pictures with x s dots and lines mean on the care label It s really simple and applies to washing drying and ironing clothing More dots more heat more lines more care needed X do not use that procedure W hat if followed the directions on the laba and the product is damaged Contact the retailer where you purchased the garment to resolve the problem If they are uncooperative you can contact the manufacturer directly using the RN number W hat can do with the RN number Find out the manufacturer of the garment should you need to return a garment to the manufacturer because of product defects To find out the manufacturer from the RN number contact your K State Research and Extension specialist or agent If you want to contact the FTC Federal Trade Commission about the problem refer to the sample complaint letter that follows The FTC can t resolve the dispute but they do track violations of the law and report frequent violators to the commission Does label information apply to just the trim used on appara or to the whole garment Care instructions are required to provide instructions for the entire complete and finished garm
53. g Details Hang Ups And Other Options A clothes dryer is the second largest energy consuming device in most homes To conserve energy try these alternatives Line Drying Drying is simply a naturally occurring evaporative process Line drying your laundry conserves energy utilizing heat from the sun and wind Weather conditions affect how fast or slow clothes hung on the line will dry On a warm dry day clothes dry faster than the same clothes hung out on a damp hot day The process is faster on windy days as the air moves over and through the fabric Leaving clothes on the line after they are dry increases the chance colors will fade and cause some whites to yellow Yellowing is due to the fluorescent brighteners in detergent or fabric finishes Fading is due to the suns intensity Minimize fading and yellowing by placing the clothesline in a shady location There are new products available to make line drying even easier and use little space No longer is there only the standard clothesline new products roll fold up or store conveniently away What options are available if you could choose to dry your clothes another way The pictures below are just a sample of what is available Best of both worlds How can you get the benefit of using the clothes dryer and line drying and still save money Try this energy saving tip e To begin remove clothes from the washer as soon as possible to reduce wrinkling e Shake them out and then pl
54. h as buttons zippers and hook and loop tape should function and be durable Closures should not gap when worn Gaps indicate the garment is too small or that the closures are incorrectly placed for the wearer In addition closures should function as follows i Buttons should pass through the buttonhole and be securely sewn to the fabric ii Zippers should be as inconspicuous as possible unless designed as a decorative feature Before purchase be sure zippers are operating and securely sewn to the fabric Sale items often have broken zippers or popped stitching iii Hook and loop tape should be securely sewn The coarser the hooks and loops are the better the holding power of the tape Be sure to lock the tape together before laundering to prevent damage to other apparel in the wash load Do not iron iv Cords or ties should not be used on apparel for active children The cords can become entangled and possibly harm the child Fit of the garment to the wearer is the final indicator of a quality decision Alterations if needed can be an additional expense Be sure to check the fit by sitting walking and bending with the garment on the body If you have to pull or tug at any area of a garment after moving sitting or bending the garment is improperly sized for the wearer Check the mirror looking at the front side and back for horizontal wrinkles in the garments There are no standard sizes in apparel sizes vary by style Gar
55. hat apply O Undergo a clothing inventory and needs assessment of each family member s wardrobe O Discuss why family members liked to wear certain favored garments over others O Other please write in Date plan to achieve these goals date My plan for achieving these goals includes O Attending classes or workshops O Reading publications O Other please write in My plan for implementing my goals for wardrobe management includes O Remove unneeded apparel items from the home by giving them away selling or recycling them O Use the fitting tips when shopping for apparel LJ Select apparel made from seasonless fabrics and basic styles to expand mine and my family s wardrobe O Keep measurements for family members current giving basic styles and colors needed with me when shopping O Select apparel with growth features for my children as needed O Teach children how to put away their clothes O Other please write in e Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service Spot Attack Evaluation Instrument to be administered before classes Measurable Objective B My Plan for Improving My Skills During the next six months would like to improve my skills at keeping my family s apparel stain free O Yes O No My goals for improvement in the treatment of stains are please check all that apply O Learning how to treat stains based on their type O Learning how s
56. hat should be observed Color change should treatment lighten the dyes or damage the fabric rinse immediately Try a different stain remover on the stain Discuss the benefits of soaking prewashing and pretreating stains Soaking loosens heavy soils especially protein based stains Prewashing provides an agitated wash cycle in the washing machine Pretreating involves individual treatment of sports and stains What are the benefits of these extra treatments easi er removal of existing stains e Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service ee mss Spot Attack Leader s Guide Special laundry aids or just the basics This handout emphasizes comparision costs between laundry aids Do the costs of these special use products show better results than cheaper alternatives According to a consumer testing agency no commercial or homemade product would consistently remove every stain from every fabric Often you only need the basics to remove stains to avoid stressing the family budget The Stain Kit Handout A includes all the ingredients needed to remove most any stain Remind them about the time factor when dealing with stains and that some stains may be impossible to remove Activity Go to the local grocery or discount store and write down all the new laundry products Read the label for the ingredients useage recommendations and record the price and weight Compare the costs of the bas
57. he top row of holesin a perforated wash basket or weigh each load using alaundry basket and a set of bathroom scales Check the user s manual for weight load and weter level recommendations Cycles Levels Rinses and Such Cycles for Permanent Press Delicates and Normal Some washers have additional cycles for specific types of finishes applied to garments These special finishes make them easier to care for i e permanent press water resistant wrinkle free and these special wash cycles help preserve the finishes for permanent press or wrinkle free garments A cool down rinse minimizes wrinkling during the spin cycle Delicate cycles are needed for sheer fabrics loosely knit garments washable woolens and anything labeled hand wash The gentler wash procedures of the delicate cycle reduce the abrasion these items receive from rubbing each other Tip Usea medium water level setting for the wash and rinse even for small or very small loads Doing so minimizes the wrinkling and pulling on seams for items with delicate construction washable woolens permanent press or loosely knitted garments e Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service aaa mss Decoding Your Washing Machine Handout D Water Level Varying the water level according to the wash load conserves water detergent and energy Judge the water level for each load by placing the unfolded garments in the washer basket
58. here do you find value in clothing Try discount stores off prices stores manufacturer outlets used clothing merchants and garage sales Discount stores sell basic clothing at low prices but may use inexpensive fabric or production shortcuts to cut corners Use the handout Quality Details in Appard to help you learn what type of quality features to look for when shopping Off price stores sell designer lines a amp reduced prices sometime slightly behind the season Manufacturer outlets sell irregulars damaged goods last year s styles and lines they were unable to sell to other clothing stores Used clothing stores and garage sales can be a very good source for high quality and by mixing contemporary with older styles makes a personal statement about the wearer s creativity When shopping just remember to ignore sales that promise you savings Banks are for saving stores are for spending Stores often inflate normal retail prices as a springboard for increasing sales volume The statement 40 off commonly translates to our normal selling price By being a regular customer you will recognize when a sale is to your benefit Usually when the garments have been in the store for a while sales prices will reflect a drop in price New merchandise brought in for special sales offering a percentage off will generally rely on inflated pricing to entice shoppers Why all the effort spent doing this wardrobe planning stuff Mainly becaus
59. hing was from someone special ____ fabric is very easy to care for As you restock your wardrobe keep the written inventory list with you for items you need for the coming season Be sure the list isin writing and with you when shopping The written list will help you resist buying what you and your family don t need Consider this a general most wanted list for the upcoming season Prepared by Marla Day Extension Associate Apparel Textiles and Interior Design Kansas State Research and Extension e Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service BASIC Handout C Apparel Management Action Plan Quality Details in Apparel The truth is in the details Perhaps you have heard this phrase before but when thinking about apparel it does not usually come to mind Truth is it does apply and this handout will help you begin to see whether quality exists in the apparel you consider for purchase Quality does not always mean spending alot of money Many manufacturers and retailers add these quality details in apparel at numerous price levels These details may typically have been used only on expensive items but they are appearing more frequently at lower prices to entice buyers Often the relationship of price to quality is labeled value Consumers decide an item is of fair value when the quality delivered is comparable to the price they paid Therefore overpriced apparel has few qu
60. hreads have not popped or ruptured along all seams Seams with serging are more secure and of higher quality as long as the correct tension was used when sewn Just be sure to tug alonga seam to see if it has enough tension to resist popping photo example on Handout D 8 e Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service ee mss Quality Details in Apparel Handout C 6 Design features within apparel can also help you judge quality a Collars should be smooth as they lay against the body Corners should not roll or pucker and each end of the collar the same length and shape Sleeves need to be of sufficient width so the arm can comfortably move and long enough to cover the wrist when bent Look at how the sleeve hangs on the body to see whether it twists or not Apparel that twists around the body indicates off grain cuts and lesser quality Waistlines or waistbands should appear smooth and even around the body Foldlines along the waistband indicate the band is too small for the wearer Ideally waistbands should be 1 inch more than the actual waist measurement This inch waistband provides for ease should the wearer want to tuck in a shirt or prefers a looser fit when sitting Hems should appear without puckers along the garment of even width around the garment and be inconspicuous from the front side Hems in permanent press fabrics cannot be let out if needed Closures suc
61. ic home remedies given in the handout to the expen of the laundry products One example a new bleach is now offered in a gel solution with a higher concentration of chlorine Even using less of the higher concentration level bleach per load the overall cost per load increased Is the convenience of a gel worth the added expense Discussion point Recently laundry disks were introduced to consumers claiming cleaning power without the use of detergents bleach or other laundry aids These products have been proven to be ineffective by industry and university researchers Discuss other products or gimmicks they may have bought or seen recently to aid in the laundering process How would they evaluate a products performance Example Dye magnets Other Resources 4 H Clothing and Textiles Curriculum Level Il Care and Maintenance Mystery Stain Removal Soap and Detergent Association Web site http www sdahq org http www sdahq org International Fabricare Institute Web site http www ifi org http www ifi org Before administering the lesson ask participants to fill out the self evaluation sheet Following the lesson ask them to fill out My Plan for Improving My Skills e Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service RPICSTATE HandoutA Apparel Management Spot Attack Putting Together A Stain Kit Assembly Required Time is the greatest obstacle to overcome aga
62. inst permanent stains Begin by assembling your tools to tackle these problem stains so you can act quickly Having them together in one location of the home with the stain guide Blot it Out as a reference maximizes your efforts N Stain Removal Kit Product Type Best at or Special Cautions Detergents Powdr removing clay and ground in dirt oo removing soil and oily stains removing food greasy or oily type sains removes crayon when combined buildup of fabric softener x added with washing soda ingredients perspiration and tobacco stains fragrances Detergent Powders or increases effectiveness of detergents useful with hard water Boosters liquids Bleaches Chlorine stain removal whitens and brightens disinfectant whiten Liquid or Gel repeated use weakens fabrics 5 25 or 6 solutions sold Hydrogen Stain removal whitens milder solution able to aE ooo solution 3 bleach E fabrics oo oya stain removd dower than sin remo dower than chiorinetype safe for most colored fabrics for most colored fabrics Color reduce or completely remove removing rust or dye stains removers colored ee from apparel from white e Enzyme Presoaks Presoaks Powdr _ removing removing protein typesains type stains Prewash Stain Aerosol and work best when stain is fresh a or oil based stains in Removers liquid pretreat then wash immediately polyester fabrics Stick work on dry fabric can be left for 3 to 4 days before laun
63. intentional bleach splatters less likely The thickened bleaches are more expensive than standard bleach as much as 71 percent more per cup Concentrated chlorine bleaches offer a higher percentage of bleach than previous products Theoretically you do use less bleach per load but you may pay more for the concentrated bleach you do use as much as 96 percent more These comparisons are made only with branded products so comparisons would be more significant if compared to generic labels Oxygen bleaches are gentler and safer to use on all fabrics come in both powder and liquid form and work well as a presoak for stains Look for the words perborate or all fabric on the label Perborate based products need extremely hot water for effective bleaching and some fabrics should not be subjected to severe temperatures Monopersulfate based products can be effective at colder temperatures Oxygen bleaches have a slower reaction time than chlorine bleach so the warmer the water temperature the better the product works Tip In hard water all bleach reacts to rust by turning white garments pink To test add 1 tbsp chlorine bleach to 1 C hot water If the water turns red or brown indicating excessive iron use only oxygen bleaches in the laundry Pretreatment Prewash Products For use before laundering prewash products are convenient effective and very good at removing set in oily type stains Available in stick gels pumps and
64. keeping my family s apparel mended and in good repair O Yes O No My goals for improvement in the repairing apparel are please check all that apply O Learn how to make a timely schedule for mending and repairs O Learn which sewing techniques to use for minor repairs O Learn what equipment is needed to do minor repairs O Learn how to teach family members about helping with minor repairs O Other please write in Date plan to achieve these goals My plan for achieving these goals includes O Attending classes or workshops O Reading publications O Other please write in My plan for implementing my goals for improving O Make a schedule for doing mending O Practice sewing techniques regularly O Purchase needed equipment LI Set aside time regularly to do mending and repairs with family O Other please write in e Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service iss Basic Apparel Management Evaluation Instrument to be administered following classes Measurable Objectives C Evaluating My Progress Toward Meeting My Goals 1 4 Progress have made toward I Do Not I Am I Have accomplishing my goals in Plan to Improving Improving Improved these areas My family has completed an inventory of their wardrobe We are reviewing budget needs and wants for apparel purchases individually Established a regular schedule for laundering apparel Improve Improve
65. lemma a a women s size to fit a fuller figure and that has a longer crotch length Tense horizontal wrinkles Loose vertical folds too tight too loose i Shirt too loose through torso pard Skirt too tight through hips Jacket too tight through shoulders Sleeve too Tense vertical Diagonal wrinkles point wrinkles too short to body bulges id Pants too tight across abdomen Loose horizontal folds too long Bodice too Bodice too long Pants too short tight across at waist in crotch bust g v t je co ke Cc I Q U D is O Y cx Fk c i Cc 2 v T t N z 2 q 2 Q lt Adapted from Patty Brown Janet Rice Ready to Wear Ap Analysis 2nd Ed 1998 Prentice Hall e Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service Handout E Action Plan Creating a Seasonless Wardrobe Selecting apparel to create a wide variety of options or looks relies on the mixing and matching of key pieces within the wardrobe Apparel becomes a wardrobe when you can match the parts in color and style to fit all your ordinary clothing needs When looking to add other pieces always ask yourself what can be worn with this piece Are other accessories already in your wardrobe able to coordinate with it as well Using your written inventory list of needs when shopping helps curb impulse purchases Shop for value but w
66. lexibility can mean several things Weight loss or gain growth even the activities the family participates in will impact the wardrobe plan Selecting garments that permit each member to shift gears requires flexible go anywhere clothes At the bottom of the W hat Worked W hat Didn t activity sheet list the hours of each activity each family member does each week What activity does the family participate in Are special garments required for these activities The more hours spent in specific activities will determine the number of garments needed Some clothing may share similar needs while others have more specific requirements 6 Buy basic styles they ast longer Simple styles remain fashionable and define what classic styles are all about Frilly designs go out of style quickly When adding trendy styles to your wardrobe be sure the fit of the garment is correct and coordinates with numerous pieces in your wardrobe 7 Find good quality it pays Quality and high prices are not always equal partners or guaranteed Quality can be found at every price level and will vary within a single store Quality clothing will perform better and last longer than clothes of poor quality Refer to the handout on Quality Details in Apparel to help you recognize what to look for 8 A well planned wardrobe doesn t have to cost a fortune No matter where you shop or how much you spend there are ways to manage purchases Take advantage
67. ments that fit poorly will generally make the wearer appear larger so use the mirror as your guide instead of the size on the label Prepared by Marla Day Extension Associate Apparel Textiles and Interior Design Kansas State Research and Extension e Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service Re ICSTATE Kansas State University Handout D Apparel Management Action Plan Tips for Fitting What Do Those Fold Lines Mean Good fit is crucial for satisfaction with a wardrobe Finding the colors styles and prices your needing is often easier than finding apparel to fit your shape It is important to remember to us the size label sewn into the garment as a starting point when fitting clothes Let the mirror guide your decision for evaluating the fit and then be sure to check for comfort while sitting walking bending and reaching in the apparel before purchasing Seam on top of shoulder arm shoulder joint Horizontal seams parallel Smoothly curved armhole ends at wrist bone Vertical seams No strain i fl Jacket covers perpendicular to floor at buttonholes buttocks N Hem parallel Crease hangs straight Hem touches top of shoe Adapted from Patty Brown Janet Rice Ready to Wear Apparel Analysis 2nd Ed 1998 Prentice Hall Prepared by Marla Day Extension Associate Apparel Textiles and Interior Design Kansas State Research and Extension
68. mula Feces Mud Blood Gelatin Pudding Cheese Ice Cream Vomit Cream Milk White glue Urine Oil based Stains Pretreat with stick or gel for fresh stains a solvent on dry or heat set stains Heavy duty liquid or powdered detergents may be substituted for stain sticks or gels Add a little water to a powdered detergent to make a paste then work into the stain Let soak for 30 minutes prior to washing Wash oil based stains with heavy duty detergent in water as hot as possible or recommended by the care label Use the normal amount of detergent for the laundry load Be sure to inspect stain treatments before drying Repeat the treatment if stain is still evident Automotive Oil Cooking oil Hand lotion Bacon Diesel fuel Lard Butter Margarine Face cream Mayonnaise Car door grease Gasoline Slad dressing Collar cuff soil Hair Oil Diesel fuel or gasoline stains must be aired thoroughly before laundering For these stains use a heavy duty detergent liquid or create a paste of granular detergent and rub into stains Never place garments with fuel smell into the clothes dryer Tannin Stains Wash with detergent in as hot of water as recommended safe by the care label Never use a soap based product to remove tannin stains doing so sets the stain Older tannin stains will usually need to be treated with a diluted bleach solution to remove them Alcoholic beverages Watercolor or washable ink pens Beer Fruit Juice Berries cranberries raspberries
69. n this instru ment to the answers the participants gave on this same instrument before the lessons Report the differences in the two assessments Send completed forms to Paula Peters Justin Hall 119 Kansas State University Manhattan KS 66506 x or Marla Day Justin Hall 236 B Kansas State University Manhatan KS 66506 Brand names appearing in this publication are for product identification purposes only No endorsement is intended nor is criticism implied of similar products not mentioned Publications from Kansas State University are available on the World Wide Web at http www oznet ksu edu Contents of this publication may be freely reproduced for educational purposes All other rights reserved In each case credit Marla Day Basic Apparel Management Kansas State University October 2001 Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service S 134h Oct 2001 It is the policy of Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service that all persons shall have equal opportunity and access to its educational programs services activities and materials without regard to race color religion national origin sex age or disability Kansas State University is an equal opportunity organization Issued in furtherance of Cooperative Extension Work Acts of May 8 and June 30 1914 as amended Kansas State University County Extension Councils Extension Di
70. n to help develop a shared home management system tailored to the needs of your family Explain to participants there are some basic steps Ask them to help determine what these are sorting stain treatment choosing which laundry products for specific loads of laundry washing drying hanging and or folding Basic Steps 1 Sort into Washer Loads First sort by color white light colorfast medium brights darks Sort by fabric type loosely knitted or woven sheers delicate fabric or trims towels flannel fuzzy Sort by the amount and kind of soil greasy or heavily soiled Sort by size mix large and small items A regular capacity washer would be able to wash one to two twin or full size sheets and pillowcases with several smaller items 2 Preparing the Clothes e Take time to inspect garments for stains and pretreat them Refer to Spot Attack e Close zippers and other closures e Empty pockets e Do mending as needed 3 Select Laundry Products Explain the type of energy needed to insure good cleaning results Refer to Laundry Product Know How for understanding the contribution these products have on results Have examples for participants to look at 4 Loading the Washer Measure and add detergent as washer is filling then add the clothes Remind everyone that bulk counts more than weight when determining the size of a wash load Fill the tub loosely so clothing can move around freely in the water Larger it
71. nding on whether your needing apparel for work school or play apparel that is able to crossover is key Whatever you choose do realize that appearance counts and transmits messages about you wherever you go Condition is always one of the basic criteria to use when considering items to wear to work and varies by job or profession If there is no written company policy on dress or your transition to another profession observe the type of dress worn by other associates in similar environments T shirts jeans cardigan sweaters and jackets blazers and slacks are all items worn by multiple age groups and environments Basic styles usually vary only slightly over time by changing the width of the leg or lapel Office Business for Women e Basic three piece suit jacket skirt pant in a dark neutral Medium width collars and lapels or cardigan style jackets Jacket hemline ends slightly below widest part of hip for taller figures and slightly above for shorter figures Tops to wear with the suit can be more colorful as long as their condition is good Begin with a few basic colors and styles to work with your suit color Set in sleeves of mediumfullness ending at wrist bone Cardigan sweater twin sets provide many options They are easy to dress up as needed with a scarf or pin can be worn with or without the cardigan and mixed or matched with other pieces These twin sets are also versatile for business or casual wear Pants that are straight l
72. nterior Design Kansas State Research and Extension e Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service e O Ol BES Sewing On A Button Handout E Where Do You Attach It To locate the placement of a missing button look for the threads left in the garment If these are missing the location can be found again by 1 Close the garment so that it looks as if it is buttoned 2 For horizontal buttonholes place a straight pin near the end of the buttonhole For vertical buttonholes pin in the center 3 Open the garment leaving the standing pin still in the garment Sewing 1 Take a small stitch on the front of the garment where the button is to be sewn onto 2 Bring the needle up through one hole of the button and back down the other hole Then put the needle through the fabric and pull the button down to the surface Place a toothpick under the stitch just completed so it sits on top of the button Bring the needle back up through the button across the toothpick then down through the hole and the back of the fabric Repeat this up through over down and under process at least four times Remove the toothpick from the top of the button If your button already has a shank skip using the toothpick and proceed to the step 6 The button will be loosely sewn to the garment Pull the button up and wind the thread around the threads holding the button Pull tightly This creates a
73. obe The first step is to look at what each family member currently has Begin with one family member and have them try on everything checking for fit and condition then sort their clothing into three stacks One for currently wearable items one for clothes that are okay but need repairs and one for clothes that are disliked worn out or do not fit Only put back into the closet clothing that can and will be worn Look at the stack of clothes that are not wearable Ask if any of these items can be passed on to another family member mended or repaired so they are wearable or sold ata family garage sale If the garments were disliked was it due to poor design the wrong color poor workmanship or too small large Have family member s look amp the W hat Worked W hat Didn t activity sheet to understand why some garments are favorites and others are not Completing the activity will simplify decisions about future purchases Clothing identified for repairs should be boxed or stacked in another location Set a reasonable time frame for repairing Any items remaining after that date should be removed to alleviate clutter Get organized Organize your closet With today s hectic schedules and lifestyles finding time to organize closets can be difficult After the initial sorting process outlined above make time once a month to straighten closets and drawers it will save time in the long run and look less cluttered Decide on a basic c
74. oken or loose stitches by carefully pulling stitches out on each side of the popped stitehes broken section Figure 1 Secure each side by threading a needle with the P pulled stitches and knot to keep remaining writ enat stitches from looseni ng Trim away excess thread N above the knot Figure 2 Haa Re sew missing hem stitches using either hemming stitch or catch stitch Figure 3 Hemming Stitch Stitches are made from right to left On wrong side of fabric secure end of thread and bring needle and thread through the hem edge Directly behind this point catch only one thread from garment fabric Direct the needle to go diagonally to the left about 1 4 and pull needle and thread through hem edge Repeat until hem repairs are complete Figure 4 Prepared by Marla Day Extension Associate Apparel Textiles and Interior Design Kansas State Research and Extension e Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service Catch stitch Stitches are made left to right with the needle point left Secure end of thread in hem allowance then bring needle and thread through hem edge and then take a very small stitch in the garment fabric about 1 4 over to the right Bring needle and thread down to hem edge and then take another tiny stitch Keep zig zagging between garment and hem edge to secure Figure 5 Top Stitched Hems Hems originally sewn by machine can be replaced with
75. olor plan for each family member Neutral colors permit individual clothing pieces to be interchanged and worn differently Selecting a neutral color as the core of each individuals wardrobe creates a seasonless plan with numerous variations Add colors that are lighter blend or contrast to coordinate with the neutrals When the budget does not allow for separate wardrobes for summer and winter purchases can be planned so clothing can be worn all year Let sweaters shirts and undergarments help family members adjust to seasonal weather changes Basic Neutrals White Tan Black Camel Ivory Beige Navy Brown Gray Taupe Look at the items remaining in each members wardrobe Is there a particular color that is repeated often Core colors are neutral colors that frequently occur These core colors are then building blocks to begin the process 4 Plan for variety Extending a wardrobe begins with mixing and matching garments in a variety of ways Begin with the core neutral garments and add other classic colors prints and fabrics 5 e Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service ee mss Wardrobe Planning Handout A to add interest or variety Other color choices that are considered classics include olive teal royal burgundy forest and plum Prints choices include plaids paislies and small prints Fabrics with texture add interest and variety 5 Plan for flexibility F
76. ombinations they can put together e At the next meeting participants could bring unneeded items from their sorting process to share with other participants Growing Kids What Are the Options Planning a child s wardrobe can be a daunting task Growing children need clothing that is easy to care for durable comfortable and practical Because they grow so quickly the clothing may not even have a chance to wear out Having a plan is essential Buying only what is needed will be based on the number of outfits a child typically goes through in a day plus the frequency of launderings for the family If participants wash once a week and a child goes through two outfits a day that child will need 14 outfits week The number will vary based on the age of the child Babies may need three to four outfits day children ages 7 to 10 may need only one e Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service o O mss Wardrobe Action Plan Leader s Guide Sizes for children s clothing varies from brand to brand Sizing is also categorized by age but is not a realistic measure for most of the population Recommend carrying a measuring tape to check clothing measurements against the child s measurements they have recorded Refer to Measuring the Body for how to measure children and record the information on the chart given on the activity sheet Growing Kids W hat Are the Options Sizing Charts e
77. oots Smoke Remove any soot outdoors Launder using heavy duty liquid or powdered detergent with 1 cup all fabric bleach and 1 cup weter conditioner per load Refer to care label for recommended water temperature Air dry Repeat as necessary Urine Prewash in cold weter then launder as usual The process for treating mattress stains is 1 sponged with a clean cloth and detergent 2 rinse cloth and sponge mattress with vinegar 3 let air dry 4 sprinkle with washing soda let set for 24 hrs then vacuum Adapted from Quick n Easy Stain Removal PM 858 Revised July 1997 lowa State University Extension Ames lowa Prepared by Marla Day Extension Associate Apparel Textiles and Interior Design Kansas State Research and Extension e Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service Handout C Apparel Management Spot Attack Special Laundry Aids or J ust the Basics On arecent shopping trip to grocery and discount stores these products prices were recorded to make a cost comparison between pre formulated stain removal products and home based formulas No one product or treatment method is capable of removing every stain Refer to the stain guide Blot it Out to assist in which solution to use for which type of stain Each stain situation has subtle differences depending on time fabric and the type of stain some are harder than others to get out Amounts are based on store br
78. or the Storage Lesson are e Beetles Moths and Silverfish OH MY e Controlling Apparel Storage The most common fabric pest is the clothes moth but insects can damage apparel The following descriptions explain the behavioral characteristics their color and reproduction capabilities Clothes Moths Two species Webbing Clothes Moth and the Casement Clothes Moth look alike Adult moths are yellowish or buff with a wing span of about a half inch Fully grown larvae are white and have tiny brownish black heads and are about a half inch long Female moths lay soft white eggs in concealed places such as clothing household furniture and cracks in the floor 100 to 300 eggs are laid that hatch in four to eight days in the summer months Hatching takes longer in cool weather Moths produce four generations per year As soon as eggs hatch they begin feeding on protein fibers like wool mohair hair bristles fur feathers and down They enjoy protein fibers but will feed on anything even curtains or mattresses Moths are usually found on their food source stains on garments They can live behind baseboards moldings cracks in the floor or corners or in air ducts Closets shelves and dresser drawers are also feeding grounds Adult moths prefer darkness and do not flit around light sources When disturbed they run or fly to hide themselves Carpet Beetles Four species Black Carpet beetle Carpet beetle Furniture Carpet bee
79. participants through threading the needle placing the button and sewing on the button Hems Learning afew common hand stitches provides participants with the ability to make repairs without needing to purchase a sewing machine Common stitches they should learn are the hemming stitch and catch stitch Refer to the handout Hemmed In for illustrations and method Hemming stitch is typically used on hems with a seam binding Catch stitch provides a very secure hem for any garment Sagging hems are easily tackled to keep garments looking great Shortening or lengthening ahem will extend the life of a garment by following the steps given in the handout Hemmed In e Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service cg eee DES Make A Mends Minor Repairs Leader s Guide Check to see if the original hem may have left a line or crease along the folded edge If it has try using a spot remover along the crease or sponge with a 50 50 solution of white vinegar and water and then launder If these methods fail to remove the line the fabric probably has a durable press finish on it To lessen the effect of the line try top stitching by sewing machine or conceal the line with a row of decorative stitching trim ribbon or braid Seams Seams often pop apart when placed under stress or strain Techniques are given for using hand or machine stitching To close a popped seam follow the guidelines gi
80. r Read and follow care labels for correct drying temperatures For more information about care labels refer to the handout Labels W hat Do They Tell You Overdrying wastes energy and money Drying time is based on the size of the load the type of fabrics and how damp clothes are Clothes will feel stiff and appear more wrinkled when dried to a bone dry state remove while still slightly damp Overloading the dryer causes lengthy and uneven drying and encourages extra wrinkles Usually one washer load is one dryer load Time Control Time is controlled by either setting the minutes or using automatic dry cycle Monitor the drying process being careful not to overdry clothing Overdrying encourages shrinkage pilling and wrinkling Thick and bulky items take longer to dry than thinner items so dry heavier items separately Check all loads frequently and remove garments as they dry Heat Setting Always refer to the care label sewn into the garment for correct drying temperatures The amount of heat or temperature will be stated as no heat low medium high or any heat If the care label uses symbols the more dots more heat Dryer Cycles Most dryers have regular normal delicate gentle and permanent press cycles Select the cycle based on care label information For loads washed using a permanent press cycle choose a permanent press cycle for the dryer Permanent press cycles use a specific amount of heat follo
81. r Temp Whites or heavy soil Hot Normal soiled colored garments Warm Cold water rinses for all loads Dedicates Lingerie washable silks loosely knit sheer fabrics lace trimmed embroidered and foundation garments Never us chlorine bleach on garments with spandex Use a mesh bag for small items or hosiery Wash Setting Use delicate cycle Water level Medium or higher to avoid excessive abrasion to delicates Water Temp Use warm or cold to avoid fading bright colors Wool Only wools labeled machine washable or hand washable on care label Never use chlorine bleach Do not place in clothes dryer unless recommended by care label Wash Setting Use delicate cycle Water level Medium or higher to minimize shrinking and pilling Water Temp Cold water wash and rinse Prepared by Marla Day Extension Associate Apparel Textiles and Interior Design Kansas State Research and Extension e Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service BASIC Handout E Apparel Management Wash Wonders 101 Road Map For Results Sorting Secrets Color Separate whites from colors and darks from brights Using different wash temperatures for these color loads reduces the chance of color loss or transfer to a lighter color fabric Fabric Sort according to fabric type and texture Surface Separate lint givers from lint takers Construction Loosely knit or woven fabrics lace trim or delica
82. rage Closet Bulge Blues If bulging at the seams describes your current closet situation then this information is for you Apparel is made from fabric that needs special care and attention to keep it looking its best Before stress becomes distress let s analyze the care process from a different point of view The conditions our apparel are subjected to begins in the closet Left to hang on thin pointy wires we force them to endure more stress and strain when worn Passing through the laundering process they are crammed dunked agitated soun immersed soun again and then heated and tossed before hopefully arriving back to the closet again strung by thin pointy wires Surviving in cramped quarters our clothes are jammed together Gravity then places clothing under more stress pulling and tugging on the hanger Subjected to this grueling process it isa wonder our apparel lasts as long as it does Rave Reviews As the seasons change so does the selection of daily apparel Even if you re crazy about the wool sweater you just might fry during the long hot summer And you may not need those shorts in January so what s a person to do Begin by sorting out those seasonal items to store away then sort again Look for any items that have stains need mending or don t fit anymore and those that must be replaced Then try to rewash the stained apparel set a realistic time schedule for completing the mending and try to meet that de
83. rinkle free or permanent press finishes Hot water is recommended to disinfect bacteria from garments and to remove some stains or increases the strength of bleach Safe for white cottons underclothes and pesti cide soiled garments e Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service eee O O BES Decoding Your Washing Machine Handout D Remember to keep each laundry load in energy balance if changing one of the energy components you need to increase the action of the other two Water Heater Check Check the hot warm and cold water temperature coming into your washing machine U a thermometer to determine whether adjustment is needed to the water heater Hold the thermometer in the flow of water coming into the machine Refer to the temperature chart on page one of this handout Seasonal adjustments may be needed during cold weather Caution Setting the water heater at 110 120 you will need to use the hot water setting on the washing machine just to get the temperature within the warm wash temperature range Oh No Overload The washer should be loosely loaded with dry unfolded garments This is NOT the time to pack them in Clothes must circulate freely to get clean Vary the size of the items being washed for example wash two or three sheets with several smaller items to complete the load A good rule of thumb for judging the size for top loading machines loosely load to t
84. rments that have been damaged following care label instructions For label information see the Soap and Detergent Association s Web site at www cleaningl101 com Have examples of the care symbols on hand Decoding Your Washing Machine Handout Presents the mechanics of using the washing machine and variables that affect its performance Also outlined are basic washing procedures for participants Road Map for Results Handout Provides tips and time savers for laundering Conserving Energy Use in the Laundry Handout Conservation tips for consumers Kids Can Too Working Together Handout The motivation for sharing household tasks is to have more time together or to pursue other interests Beginning with some basic laundry tasks parents and children working together create a positive learning environment and a way to share more than just a task together but common goals Having children help with family chores may seem to some parents or caregivers as an impossible if not exhaustive delusion But it doesn t have to be Children learn life skills when they share in the responsibilities of the household the challenge may be in e Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service a eee miss Wash Wonders 101 Leader s Guide motivating them to accept this obligation In the publication Managing Time Work and Family Getting Children to Help MF 2256 nine steps are give
85. rn about and use products designed for use in the clothes dryer To understand the information and symbols provided on garment care labels that relate to drying clothes Handouts For the Drying Details Lesson e Hang ups and Other Options e Sizing Up the Cycle Code Discussion Points A clothes dryer is the second largest consumer of energy in the home therefore it is extremely important to economize Ideas tips and alternatives are suggested in the handouts to guide participants in their effort to save resources Electricity Versus Gas Fuel costs are a significant factor when determining a dryer s energy costs Comparing utility rates for the two fuels gas is generally cheaper than electricity With the recent fuel crisis the outcome for consumers will find them paying more for both That is why everyone should use these resources wisely saving money and conserving fossil fuels Tips For Better Efficiency e Run only full loads as small loads are less economical However don t overfill the dryer either air needs to circulate around the clothes e Dry heavy clothes separately from lighter weight items If combining them remove light weight items as they dry e Dry two or more loads in a row making u of heat already in the dryer residual heat e Don t overdry clothes If your machine has a moisture sensor use it If it has a timer consider shortening the drying time e Use the cool down cycle if you have on
86. rves resources Folding and placing clothing in the laundry basket reduces the severity of wrinkles them after laundering and saves on ironing Never place a wet garment in a laundry basket Pretrea for any stains then allow to air dry before placing in basket Then when laundry needs to be done the clothes are all ready to go making the task much easier to complete Each day as clothing is removed a decision about how to care for the garment is made Whether it is thrown into the corner the laundry basket or into the washer the care and maintenance a garment receives is visible in our everyday appearance Daily care means clothing lasts longer looks new Encourage everyone to participate in the daily routine of pretreating sorting and folding clothes into laundry baskets Prepared by Marla Day Extension Associate Apparel Textiles and Interior Design Kansas State Research and Extension e Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service BASIC Handout C Apparel Management Wash Wonders 101 Labels What Do They Tell You Everyone finds tags uncomfortable scratchy and generally just wants them removed What is it about that little tag sewn into your clothes that makes you want to grab a pair of scissors Before you grab the scissors there is some important information on that very tag that could make your life easier The care label found in every garment is put there for a
87. s vary the amount or combination of the following ingredients all of which affect a products performance Surfectant Surfectant is the main cleaning ingredient in detergents It lowers the surface tension in weter loosens and removes oil from fabrics and suspends soil to avoid redepositing on fabric Types include Anionic are the most widely used Lifts dirt from clothes removes fabric softener residues Nonionic are generally only used in liquid detergents They soften hard water and clean oil stains better Builders Builders perform several functions but function to inactivate water minerals that interfere with wash results Builders have alkalis present to improve cleaning and help suspend soil particles in the water Types of builders are Sodium aluminosilicate removes calcium minerals from hard water Sodium carbonate removes calcium and magnesium from hard water Laurate citrate used in liquid detergents to isolate hardness minerals e Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service oec O O OOOO BES Wash Wonders 101 Leader s Guide Other Detergent Ingredients Granular e Enzymes are catalysts that help break down starch fatty oily and protein soils Fabric whiteners create a whitening or brightening effect when exposed to daylight Opacifiers make product opaque or reduce transparency Layered Aluminosilicates provides fabric softening benefits
88. sses or workshops O Reading publications O Other please write in 5 My plan for implementing my goals for improving O Read owner s manual for laundering equipment LJ Teach family members to pretreat stains O Apply the information on clothing care labels when laundering O Use skills in diagnosing laundering problems O Use resources wisely when laundering conserving water electricity gas and laundering products O Other please write in e Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service Fes Drying Details Evaluation Instrument to be administered before classes Measurable Objective B My Plan for Improving My Skills During the next six months would like to improve my skills when using the clothes dryer to keep my family s clothing appearance appealing O Yes O No My goals for improvement in the dring process of laundering appear are please check all that apply O Learn how to operate the clothes dryer O Learn about other methods for drying O Other please write in Date plan to achieve these goals date My plan for achieving these goals includes O Attending classes or workshops O Reading publications O Other please write in My plan for implementing my goals for improving O Read the owner s manual for the clothes dryer if available O Use other means to dry apparel to conserve resources O Other please write in e Kansas Stat
89. stricts and United States Department of Agriculture Cooperating Marc A Johnson Director 2 e Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service Evaluation LA arel Mana ement PP g Basic Apparel Mangement Instrument to be administered before classes Please answer the following questions Your name will not be attached to this piece of paper or to your answers Confidentiality will be respected at all times Please use av or X or fill in the best answer for each line Measurable Objective A Evaluating My Need to Know More About n ao 1 Not Vi How important is it for me to a s AES E e ame more about At All Planned Purchases ss Purchases Assessing Current Wardrobe E ST Keeping Wardrobe purchases within budget Caring for your family s apparel is manageable Knowing what treatments to use for stain removal Using laundering equipment and procedures effectively Storing seasonal apparel ae E A G O B E e Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service mes Wardrobe Action Plan Evaluation Instrument to be administered after classes Measurable Objective B My Plan for Improving My Skills During the next six months would like to improve my skills in wardrobe management for my family O Yes O No My goals for improvement in the areas of wardrobe management please check all t
90. sults of the learning e Ask participants to fill out the self evaluation sheets headed Evaluation My Need to Know More About Apparel Management and An Assessment Of How My Apparel Management Activities Affect My Family s Health and Well Being These should be filled out before any lessons are implemented e Then ask the participants to fill out the self evaluation sheets My Plan For Improving My Skills that relate to the areas they indicated they want to improve For example if a participant indicated on the first form that it was important for her to know more about using laundering equipment and procedures effectively ask her to fill out the sheet called Wash Wonders 101 and Drying Details to list goals and plans for achieving goals e Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service Evaluation _A pparel Management Basic Apparel Management e f the participants indicate that they would attend workshops use the lesson plans that follow to give the lessons most needed Alternatively give the participants the fact sheets to read on their own if they indicate that they prefer to use that learning strategy Except for Lesson 1 the les sons do not need to be given in any particular order Six months after the lessons ask the participants to again fill out form D An Assessment Of How My Home Apparel Management Activities Affect My Family s Health and Well Being Compare the answers o
91. t in warm to hot water Enzyme detergents are most effective in removing protein and oil based stains Presoaking stains 15 to 30 minutes in warm to hot water intensifies the cleaning action of the enzymes Enzyme detergents must agitate 5 to 7 minutes before adding chlorine bleach to a wash load Adding bleach too soon stops the enzyme action of the detergent and the effectiveness of the detergent Follow the directions given on the detergent package for the amount to use Remember that these recommendations are for an average size load average soil level of clothes and an average water hardness If soil or load size increases then add more detergent and agitation Bleach Chlorine and Oxygen Liquid chlorine bleach is usually 5 25 percent new products now offer a 6 percent concentration Liquid bleaches are used for whitening deodorizing and disinfecting for bleach safe fabrics Never use full strength chlorine bleach on any fabric especially spandex wool and silk Overuse of chlorine bleach damages fabrics by shortening the life of the garments Evidence of overuse includes rips tears or even holes that appear mysteriously e Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service A eed mss Laundry Product Know How Handout A Caution Chlorine bleach is poisonous and should never be mixed with ammonia the fumes are toxic Gel chlorine bleaches offer splash free pouring making un
92. tain treatments vary by fabric O Learn how to make a schedule for laundering O Other please write in Date plan to achieve these goals date My plan for achieving these goals includes O Attending classes or workshops O Reading publications O Other please write in My plan for implementing my goals for improving O Making a laundering schedule or action plan O Buying or making stain removal products O Setting aside time each day for pretreating stains O Other please write in e Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service DES Wash Wonders 101 Evaluation Instrument to be administered before classes Measurable Objective B My Plan for Improving My Skills During the next six months would like to improve my skills when using the washing machine to keep my family s clothing appearance appealing O Yes O No My goals for improvement in the washing process of laundering apparel are please check all that apply O Learn how to use the washing machine s cycles and temperatures to full potential O Help family members develop responsible habits in caring for stains O Learn about the information on clothing care labels O Learn how to diagnose laundering problems O Learn methods to conserve energy use in washing apparel O Other please write in 3 Datel plan to achieve these goals date 4 My plan for achieving these goals includes O Attending cla
93. tes need special care cycles Dirt Separate according to the amount of soil light soil vs heavily soiled Pesticides N ever wash pesticide soiled garments with the regular wash Prep Time Insure good laundry results by 1 Closing zippers hooks and eyes and hook and loop tape to prevent snagging Dangling drawstrings and ribbons should be loosely tied to avoid entangling with other garments 2 Empty the pockets and brush away lint or dirt Melted gum candy or crayon creates extra work 3 Remove unwashable items such as belts trim and jewelry 4 Repair prior to laundering Rips and tears tend to grow if left untreated during laundering 5 Treating spots stains and heavily soiled areas with pretreatment stain products 6 Turning permanent press garments inside out helps prevent pilling a common problem for permanent press garments 7 Place hosiery delicate or small items in a mesh laundry bag Ring around the collar Rub heavily soiled collars and cuffs with a liquid detergent or pretreatment product before laundering Other stains need special care too just watch out if you use a product that happens to soften your nail polish petroleum distillates you may end up with polish on the clothing you are treating e Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service a ae ee O O mss Road Map For Results Handout E Check the water Hard water is present i
94. thread shank 6 Take a stitch on the surface of the fabric next to the thread shank Then put needle through fabric to inside of garment and take two to three tiny stitches on top of each other 7 In the last tiny stitch prepare to tie a knot Pull the thread until you form a tiny loop Put the needle through loop one Pull the thread a second time until loop two is formed Put the needle through loop two and pull the thread again until a small knot is formed tight against the fabric 2 hole Vertical Button Hole Horizontal Button Hole Knot 99 A hole as Shank loop two pull to knot a Toothpick Thread Shank Tying a knot e Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service loop one Garment edge Garment edge Evaluation lt 5 BASIC NZ Apparel Management Basic Apparel Management Evaluation instruments are included to measure progress toward the following objectives A Participants will become aware of their need for basic living skills related to apparel management Participants will determine which of these basic skills they want to acquire or improve and they will develop and implement a plan to achieve these skills Participants will increase their competencies in maintaining thier apparel D Participants will report improvement in their apparel management Administering the self evaluation forms to determine teaching strategies and assessing the re
95. tle and the Varied Carpet beetle Black Carpet beetles have solid black bodies brownish legs and are 3 36 to 1 8 long The larvae are yellowish golden or dark brown and the bodies are tapered from the head to the posterior e Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service ee mss Storage Solutions Leader s Guide The other three species have molted colorings of white brown yellow or black are 1 8 long The larvae are elongated and oval with brownish or black bristles and grow to 1 4 long Female Carpet beetles lay eggs similar to those laid by clothes moths Laying only 100 eggs that hatch in eight to 15 days in summer longer in winter Only one generation is produced per year Adult Carpet beetles fly readily are attracted to sunlight and may be found on window Sills Both moths and beetles may be carried into the home on clothing furniture under canned food labels or other materials Other pests such as silverfish crickets beetles and roaches eat fabrics because of the food source provided by food based stains or protein fibers Pest Damage Can Be Avoided By e cleaning storage areas vacuuming baseboards cracks and flooring each season e using pesticides responsibly follow label directions Before administering the lesson ask participants to fill out the self evaluation sheet Following the lesson ask them to fill out My Plan for Improving My Skills
96. ure over the years with clean simple lines Cardigan sweaters straight skirts and button down shirts are examples Fit points are locations where measurements are generally located on the body chest bust waist chest hip and pant length Q Why is the wardrobe plan a useful practice A Planning allows time to consider budget and clothing needs Using time and budget resources wisely lessens the chances of making sour of the moment decisions which may not consider current resources Q What items would have priority after a wardrobe analysis is done A These will vary among participants but may include undergarments coats or gloves Q Why is one basic neutral color recommended A From this one color you can add coordinating garments to allow your wardrobe to be better utilized with few items Q How can you tell if a garment fits well A When worn the garment is without pulls gaps or folds pulls and gaps result from areas that are too small Folds develop in areas too large from any side Further discussion and activities e Discuss how families might develop a clothing budget and whether the amount varies seasonally Have them begin recording clothing expenses for their family if they have not done so before e How do participants define wants and needs Discuss ways to help family members realize the difference between wants and needs e Give participants a variety of garments of different colors then see how many c
97. uture To obtain a copy of this lesson series write to Marla Day Extension Associate Textiles 236B Justin Hall Manhattan KS 66506 Prepared by Marla Day Extension Associate Apparel Textiles and Interior Design Kansas State Research and Extension e Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service BASIC NZ Leader s Guide Apparel Management Make A Mends Minor Repairs Objectives e Simple maintenance extends the life of their wardrobe purchases e Execute minor repair tasks e Repairing garments conserves resources Caring for apparel purchases goes beyond the laundry cycle Everyone comes face to face with missing buttons at some point Knowing what to do instills confidence when caring for purchases applies to people of any age and develops responsible habits for a lifetime Demonstrating how to sew on buttons replace hems and popped seams provides an interactive learning model for the participants to both learn by and demonstrate their new skills Repairs mean a better overall appearance fewer clothing replacements and saves money for other needs Buttons The best time to sew loose or missing buttons is as soon as possible Keeping the mending done helps avoid nagging feelings about what needs to be done and prevents loose buttons from becoming permanently lost Refer to the handout Sewing On a Button for instructions and supply lists The procedures outlined take
98. ven in the Seam Pop handout and refer to the handout Hemmed In for hand stitching techniques Refer to the 4 H Clothing and Textile curriculum regarding sewing machine parts and identification lessons for participants with sewing machines available to them Discussion and Demonstration Points Discuss the different types of buttons and their uses Shirt buttons are typically 4 hole jacket buttons usually have a shank jeans have a heavy duty metal button and shank Wha is a shank and why is it needed Show examples of each type or ask participants to determine what type of button are on the garments they are wearing Have available sample buttons and fabric scraps to practice on and support the practical application of what they are learning If possible have them bring items from home needing a button replaced have a loose hem or a broken seam Material and Equipment Sources Contact local organizations about donating items for the sewing kit Many items are inexpensive to purchase Interested organizations might include local quilt and sewing guilds fabric retailers and service organizations schools churches or men s and women s service leagues Personalizing a storage container is a fun way to introduce and encourage participants to begin minor sewing repairs Other Resources 4 H Clothing and Textile Curriculum K State Research and Extension Meridian Education Corporation Family and Consumer Sciences Basic Hand Se
99. vercome against permanent stains Quick knowledgeable action keeps clothing in wearable condition and ultimately reduce replacement expenses Begin by assembling your arsenal to tackle these problem stains Having them together in one location of the home with the stain guide Blot it Out as a reference maximizes your efforts and improves results Stain removal involves several steps so bring along your patience A product s ability to remove stains depends on how quickly you take action the type of stain fabric and whether the stain has been set with heat Tips When working with the stain removal products always work on a non porous surface like a counter top When in doubt of what a stain is rinse or soak in cold water first Check color fastness of a garment to stain removal product When using a bleaching product treat the entire item This avoids uneven changes in color should they occur Always launder garments after appl ying a stain removal product Caution Be sure participants understand that some stain removal products are flammable Stress to them that some products need to be used in a ventilated area to avoid a possibility of fire e Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service Ss Spot Attack Leader s Guide Activity Demonstrate stain removal products and methods Point out that the absorbent materials should be changed or rotated as stain
100. wed by a cooling down cycle to relax wrinkles Some models continue to tumble permanent press clothes without heat to minimize wrinkles For dryers without a permanent press cycle lowering or shutting off the heat manually for the last 10 minutes of drying time produces similar results Items with a permanent press finish may include work or dress shirts blouses slacks and some jeans Look at the care label for directions or symbols and use the handout Labels W hat Do They Tell You as a guide e Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service a O mss Sizing Up The Cycle Code Handout B Regular cycles This cycle is for most everything machine dryable except permanent press These are items such as sheets towels underwear T shirts and jeans Ddicate Gentle cycles Tumble items with little or no heat and can be used for garment care to fluff pillows napped fabrics like corduroy and any heat sensitive fabric Synthetic and blended fabrics perform better when washed and dried in slightly smaller loads These fabrics need to tumble freely in the machines to smooth wrinkles Remove as soon as the dryer cycle is completed Tips e Be sure to check any garments you treated for stains before placing them in the dryer If stains are still present they must be retreated now Heat from the dryer will permanently set them or make stains very difficult to remove Before placing d
101. wing Video or Clothing Care Laundry amp Stain Removal 18 Min has a segment on minor repairs K State Research amp Extension Video Catalog Sewing Notions Know How V423 Prepared by Marla Day Extension Associate Apparel Textiles and Interior Design Kansas State Research and Extension e Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service Handout A Apparel Management Make A Mends Basic Sewing Kit Hand sewing pon needles sharps oe Thread ies ae S purpose spool O of black lt white khaki navy grey Pin cushion or small box for storing Buttons various sizes and Straight pins types A Box for storing these sewing gauge hence Tape measure items 7 Small ruler or Examples of types of boxes or storage containers e School box Old lunch box Shoe box Tool or tackle boxes Small drawer storage boxes Prepared by Marla Day Extension Associate Apparel Textiles and Interior Design Kansas State Research and Extension e Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service Handout B Make A Mends Seam Pop Refer to e Hemmed In for hand stitches e Sewing on a Button for threading knotting instructions e Needle and thread from sewing kit Popped seams are the result of a seam under stress To repair these seamlines a very strong hand stitch is recommended called the back stitch
102. with a dry cleaning solvent or Rub heavy duty liquid detergent into treat with a stain stick Then rub with heavy duty stain and wash liquid detergent and scrub in hot weter or refer to care label in garments for water temperature Ball point ink Floor wax Barbecue sauce Candle wax Furniture polish Calamine lotion Carbon paper Lipstick Catsup or tomato sauce Crayon Pine resin Cocoa or chocolate Eye makeup Shoe polish Cosmetics Tar Printer ink Hair spray Extra Tough Stains Gum Use ice to harden gum then gently scrape or peel off excess Pretreat with stain stick or gel Rub with liquid detergent rinse with hot weter and launder Repeat as needed Deodorant or Perspiration Apply liquid detergent sponge with ammonia then wash in hottest water safe for fabric Vinegar may lighten old stains e Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service em l mss Blot It Out Stain Removal Handout B Nail Polish Soot treatments with acetone or polish remover are safe for most fabrics Exceptions are acetate triacetate or modacrylic which dissolve the fabric Mildew Shake or brush affected areas away from the inside of the home Pretreat darkest areas of the stain with heavy duty liquid detergent launder in hot water bleach only if safe for fabric Paint Latex paint should be treated quickly while stain is still wet Soak in cold water followed by a cold water wash Oil based paints ne
103. y less for soft water or lightly soiled loads Prepared by Marla Day Extension Associate Apparel Textiles and Interior Design Kansas State Research and Extension e Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service BASIC Handout F Apparel Management Wash Wonders 101 Conserving Energy Use In The Laundry Clothes washer In most American homes a considerable amount of hot weter is used for washing clothes Consider a machine tha has the ability to control weater level and an automatic cold rinse cycle when purchasing a washing machine When you use your washer follow these suggestions to save energy e Presoak heavily soiled clothes Fill the washer according to the load level such as low normal high or extra high Follow the manufacturer s instructions for adding detergent Use as low a water temperature for the washing cycle as will give satisfactory cleaning Remember that cold and medium water temperatures may vary with the season Always use a cold rinse cycle Use your washer during off peak hours or on weekends Follow maintenance instructions found in the owner s manual Clothes dryer A dryer evaporates water from clothes and minimizes wrinkling by tumbling the clothes Water evaporation requires heat large amounts of it Heating costs money but there are ways to use the dryer to make it more economical to operate Using a dryer with a variety of

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