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Second Best practices manual

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1. cipes divo Project Acronym EPLACE Project Title Eco public PLAtform for smart green CityzEn s living labs Call identifier CIP ICT PSP Call 6 Theme 1 ICT for SMART CITIES Objective1 1 Smart Urban digital services for energy efficiency Grant agreement no 325182 Starting date 1 February 2013 Ending date 31 July 2015 EPLACE D3 3 SECOND BEST PRACTICES MANUAL PU Alexis M Kerner EPLACE D3 2 First Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 PU a a a NA I Im x M Alexis Kerner Georgi 25 09 2013 Third draft Simeonov Dec McCormac Fergal Purcell Alvaro Rojas Gerardo Romero 4 0 Nikolay Vangelov Alvaro Rojas 26 09 2013 Fourth draft Gerardo Romero HN Alexis M Kerner 28 03 2014 Sixth Draft 6 1 Fergal Purcell Nikolay Vangelov 4 04 2014 Revision ENPIs section lvaro Rojas Alicia Jimenez 7 Alexis M Kerner Alicia Jimenez 9 04 2014 First second version of the guide draft different tip adviser sheets Fergal Purcell Nikolay Vangelov lvaro Rojas Alicia Jim nez Revision of the different new ies June 2014 Georgi Simeonov Declan additions McCormac Gerardo Romero 0 8 1 Implementation of partners comments 8 3 Alicisdiminaz Julya Revision of the document DUM and format adaptation May June 2014 Alexis M Kerner EPLACE D3 2 First Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 PU INDEX p JADSUSEULO o debi a E cues a eaten sash pita M D DU uc M S Df
2. 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 Alexandra Langenheld et al Energy Efficiency in Public Procurement Member States experience barriers drivers and recommendations Joint Research Centre of the European Commission May 2010 Baltic Climate Tool Kit http toolkit balticclimate org September 2013 Energy Star ENERGY STAR Building Upgrade Manual 2008 Edition Energy Star ENERGY STAR Qualified Products www energystar gov September 2013 Environmental Protection Agency US Green House Gas Equivalencies Calculator www epa gov cleanenergy energy resources calculator html September 2013 EPEC European PPP Expertise Centre Guidance on Energy Efficiency in Public Buildings 2013 Evans Easy Space Poster Energy Efficiency in the Office http cleantechnica com 2012 12 23 energy efficiency in the office evans saving tips September 2013 Government office of the South West UK Corporate Responsibility Managing Change How to manage change in an organization January 2007 edition ICLEI for the European Commission European Commission Green Public Procurement GPP Training Toolkit Local Governments for Sustainability 2008 ISO 50001 2011 and ISO 14001 2004 Energy Management System National Maritime Museum Royal Observatory Energy Management Policy June 2010 National Renewable Energy Laboratory NREL U S Department of Energy Energy Efficient and Renewable Energy checklist Aug
3. Bells are very popular in industries stores and public buildings like gyms libraries pools sport centres etc In this case the main options are halide metal High Pressure Sodium Vapour Low Pressure Sodium Vapor mercury vapor and obviously LED e Do not choose The worst option in terms of efficiency is the mercury vapor for hallways e Make the switch to LED for common areas These must be change to LED and will have good results e Carry out a study To determine the best option have a study done DICHROICS Normally dichroics are used in a variety of applications They can be used for shelves banners desktops and large rooms They are good for focused lighting Historically these bulbs were halogen GUs5 3 with 12 Volts and GU10 with 220 230 Volts However these lights are now available with LED technology e 230V We recommend the 230V because they do not need a transformer Using transformers can result in loss of energy e Change to LED Dichroic It is recommended to change to LED dichrioc and an economic study is not needed since the savings difference is always high 73 EPLACE D3 2 First Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 PU CTORS AND OTHERS PROJE Offices The newer models have LED technology These are good options for office use but perhaps for larger projectors for theaters and such LED may not have the power needed just yet VISUAL and homes use numerous types of screens TV
4. LCD CRT PLASMA AND LED SCREENS Y Don t use the remote to turn off the TV Sometimes we think we are off saving the remote but as we have studied we could save much more if we turn off directly from the plug or use power strips v The truth on the standby mode Energy is being consumed in the standby mode The consumption depends on the technology and can even vary even within the same technology Y The best option is to switch off the entire system It is the cheapest and most profitable in terms of energy 92 v Turn off your screen It is also very important not to let the screens lit a long time it is best to turn off the computer screen when we go to have a coffee to leave it in screen saver mode Y Not all screens are the same Some screens have different modes of brightness and display the image if possible should be selected eco mode that is able to reduce up to 30 96 instant consumption during use AUDIO PORTABLE STEREO AND INTEGRATED STEREO Y Speakers and stereos on mute are spending energy You may think it s better left on mute mode well think again The mute mode can consume large amounts of energy Y Shutthe stereo down completely by switching off the power strip or unplugging Y Turnit down Raised volumes consume not just young people s ears but also energy KITCHEN Buildings that have commercial sized kitchens are the biggest energy spenders of all Here are some general and specific energy savin
5. Source Guide to ICT Desktop Energy Management Sustainable Energy Authority of Ireland 101 t poster le energy management p Samp Continuous monitoring of energy use ll sis of of energy ption Scenarios ang byating of measures BY pro itabitiy 4 E n E Profitability i Payback pe e Loans debt financi ing banks igj Energy Savings Agreements ESCO energy Service providers Verification a 102 Tip Sheet How to choose an installer Advice A university professor an environmental lawyer whose specialty was in environmental home inspections once told me you do not get what you deserve but rather what you bargain for have taken that lesson to heart You cannot go into a negotiation blind and think you will come out on top You must do your homework Here is a tip sheet to help you begin New more efficient and renewable energy systems can save us money in the long run however their installation can often be costly Also if itis not installed correctly the equipment will not be as effective or could have a shorter life So don t go with the cheapest installer go with the best It is worth the investment Here are some tips of how to choose an installer Your being an informed customer will help create and push for a better market of good installers who take pride in their work You are not obligated to sign on the same day even if the installer i
6. Definitely yes E Yes somewhat Yes a little It has stayed the same It has gotten worse L EJ LJ DJ 2 Are you more motivated to save energy in the workplace Yes most definitely Yes somewhat Yes a little L I am still indifferent don t make an effort L 48 EPLACE Contract Number 325182 3 4 Yes most definitely L D3 2 First Best Practices Manual PU Has your opinion on energy use and its impact on the environmental changed Yes somewhat Yes a little I have stayed neutral No What is all the fuss about Yes most definitely L EJ LJ DJ Have you seen an impact on company spending or in your own spending Yes somewhat Yes a little Not to the extent would like 0O O O DJ Not at all Not applicable Ej 49 EPLACE D3 2 First Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 PU 5 Do you think the company could still do more to save energy Yes A lot more Yes There are some things we can change LI think we are doing fine don t see my opinion as _ important Indifferent 6 Have you changed your practice energy saving methods at work For example Do you turn off the lights upon leaving if you are the last one in the office Do you turn off the lights in the bathroom upon leaving Do you turn off yo
7. Refrigerator large Electric hot water heater Pumps 58 EPLACE D3 2 First Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 PU ANNEX 5 Company name Energy Plan 59 EPLACE D3 2 First Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 PU Company name Energy Plan EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The objective is to summarise briefly the plan to be carried out It can include the following points Reasons for the energy project and what is to be gained Current situation Energy plan targets and objectives Time frame to execute targets and objectives Expected participation and the energy team nw eB ENERGY PLAN INFORMATION Date of report Author s Acknowledgement of key staff involvement OU MH Building name and location BACKGROUND Describe the current situation Some points that can be included 1 Common practices used monitoring metering systems programmes for energy conservation Office equipment appliances luminaries etc used Past successful projects Include past feasibility studies and reporting List challenges and limits to achieving energy efficiency goals nr WRN ENERGY POLICY AND BEST PRACTICES State the company s energy policy here This can be copied from the statement used to communicate the company s commitment ANNEX 1 60 EPLACE D3 2 First Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 ENERGY TEAM Here is where all managers and participants will be identified alon
8. an environmental lawyer whose specialty was in environmental home inspections once told me you do not get what you deserve but rather what you bargain for have taken that lesson to heart You cannot go into a negotiation blind and think you will come out on top You must do your homework Here is a tip sheet to help you begin New more efficient and renewable energy systems can save us money in the long run however their installation can often be costly Also if it is not installed correctly the 21 EPLACE D3 2 First Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 PU equipment will not be as effective or could have a shorter life So don t go with the cheapest installer go with the best It is worth the investment The tip sheet in Annex 9 will help you make the right decision SUMMARY OF BEST PRACTICES Please see Annex 7 for more details The following practices listed are just a short summary In Annex 7 of this document more detailed information is described General You cannot control what has not been measured Install measuring instruments like the one from EPLACE will help to provide a baseline and define when improvements can be made When possible and appropriate incorporate renewable technologies into the building Install programmable thermostats to regulate temperature Turn it off if it is not in use Use stickers and posters to remind building users and employees of good practices Lower hot wa
9. are power settings effectively reset and or checked to be correct g Meter standard model PCs to estimate total Use an inexpensive plug in meter to power usage monitor over time g Conduct regular walk arounds to check for Walk arounds should be regularly energy waste in ICT scheduled as people often fall back into bad habits Timely action will maximise savings g Turn off equipment when not required This improves comfort and reduces especially in summer as it reduces heat build electricity use Up g Fit seven day time controls to equipment Up to 50 saving in energy use is that is shared associated with printers and copiers g Set defaults on printers to duplex mode Save on energy toner and paper costs Purchasing Ll Choose appropriate computer screens Replace CRT type screens with LCD or other energy efficient technologies 100 Ll Choose equipment appropriate for the task Inkjet printers in sleep mode use 50 less energy than a laser printer Ll Purchase equipment with low energy options This could save around 10 of your that match your requirements printing costs alone Ll Have power management configured before Make sure that it is the default setting delivery Ll Purchase laptops or terminals instead of Terminals and laptops use 2096 of the desktops Laptop Thin Client PC power of a desktop PC ratio Ll Renew ICT hardware whenever possible Newer equipment is increasingly more efficient than old
10. insulating at the roof or ceiling level e Doyou need to access the roof attic space e What type and what amount of insulation should you install to achieve the most cost effective solution e Isthere arisk of condensation e How much and what type of insulation is needed e What is the u value before and after WINDOWS Of all the components in a building it is through the windows that most heat is lost This is because glass allows heat to escape more readily than most other building materials For example given the same area of wall and window the window will allow up to eight times more heat to escape For this reason it is important that your windows are as efficient as possible While standard double glazing is a great improvement over single even more advanced glazing systems are now available on the market at affordable prices Two examples include gasfilled double glazing and low emissivity glazing In gas filled double glazing the cavity between the two panes of glass is filled with an inert gas usually argon which conducts less heat than air therefore improving the window s energy efficiency Replacing windows is generally expensive and is usually only worth it if the windows are draughty and single glazed You should ensure that new windows have as low a u value as your budget allows good quality double glazing will give a u value of 1 1 5 83 EPLACE D3 2 First Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182
11. the European Commission p 123 pr established the Green Public Procurement GPP is a JAY process whereby public authorities seek to procure goods services and works with a reduced environmental impact throughout their life cycle when compared to goods services and works with the same primary Their http ec europa eu environment gpp index en htm get down to every last detail and presents information on legal framework fact sheets and guides that can further assist on Public Procurement Among these is the Managing GPP Implementation Reference document This document explains in depth the management model stating that an effective management system aims to ensure a systematic management support and supervision provide clear tasks and responsibilities for those directly involved appropriately monitor progress achievements and problems and lastly to ensure continuous improvement However here we are going to try and keep it simple and just name a few things to keep in mind when purchasing Y Benefitting from the Energy labels Energy labels help consumers choose products which save energy and thus money They also provide incentives for the industry to develop and invest in energy efficient product design The ultimate aim is that manufacturers of energy using products will at the design stage be obliged to reduce the energy consumption and other negative environmental impacts of products While the Directive s prima
12. 5 uode ad E TTE 7 sm ls it right for our building sos scsecrace cach vacecgeatacancraiactaoptrare oso Qua DUM RR RUE E MN UE 11 4 Energy Management System 25 oiupcusaternidqpiqpavknidupi pd es qiamu Ip bubDuM NM DIN pENdDEE 12 A4 JPLAN Howtodgetstarteu uai p sis tu M URDU dUDM uU rts cin gr A M E EIME 14 4 1 3 Who Committed top management and employees with a voice 15 4 1 2 What when and where an assessment of the current situation 17 4 133 How Investigating our options and challenges ssss 18 SEC NU crum e 32 4 2 DO Test tie glafiuscessuiabctti nma hs a ttum mat E E UN Did ted 23 a e ce m rc 34 4 4 ACT Adjust it change it and do Itb ieiunii pit ut Etui bonu eut iib tsaSd 35 5 WH are the others ONG Er 36 Ge ANNEXES MY TOOL BOX aeuum qaad deron cccte ace ciet Dues Meum EE pua 37 ANNEX 1 Sample St SESS OU ossis pin eu que Sq P cies pat gestu ME S quls UM UMEN OUMRE 38 ANNEX 2 Employee Energy Questionnaires eese 42 ANNEX 3 Building Information and Historical Energy Consumption 53 ANNEX 4 Survey of energy URB ones i pvc spcbadcitida ado btubits i EMou pep Pid tid auis cua pi Uma 56 ANNEX 5 Company name Energy Plan eeeeeeee 59 ANNEX 6 Buyers guide for energy efficient technology seesse 66 ANNEX 7 Best operating practices escono
13. 50k hours 410 00 Energy Savings Total cost for 25 bulbs 2593 77 10 250 Savings to household by switching from incandescent 7656 25 o EPLACE D3 2 First Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 PU v Breaking the chains of dependence control In the last years we have seen our dependence on energy increase and oil become harder to obtain This can create challenges for governments to meet national energy needs Use of renewable energies wind sun biomass etc can help reduce the dependence on other countries to supply energy It also reduces risks for international conflicts and ensures national security and sustainability Y Increased communication in the work place This may not be so obvious but it is just as important A good energy savings programme starts with a commitment that is well communicated from top management These programmes can often open new methods for other communication and awareness programmes that could have broken down over the years Communication and training is fundamental in any workplace to ensure optimal efficiency and worker satisfaction Y Happier healthier and more satisfied workers increased productivity It is a quite simple equation When workers feel listened to that what they do matters that their boss cares about their wellbeing workers will be more dedicated and ultimately be more productive Y Transfer of good practices to the home Instilling good habits in the
14. C e Use gas to heat the water when possible POOLS e Reduce your heater or heat pump thermostat settings by 8 10 on days the pool is not being used e According to the American Red Cross the most healthful swimming temperature is 25 5 C Reducing your heater or heat pump thermostat to 129 maintain a 25 5 or lower temperature will also help conserve energy Reduce pump speed to reduce energy use A slower pump reduces power consumption For good water maintenance circulate water through a filter only once per day Additional cycles tend to waste energy Run your pool s filtration system during off peak hours when electricity demand is lower Keep intake grates clear of debris Clogged drains require the pump to work harder To obtain maximum filtration and energy efficiency clean your filter regularly New variable drive pool pumps slash utility costs Raising the water temperature just 1 can costs an additional 10 3096 Use LED or solar powered lighting 130 Sample office poster 131 MYTHS FOR ENERGY SAVINGS x Switching lights on and off uses more energy than leaving them on FALSE The energy used to switch a light on and off is less than that of leaving it on so switching lights off when you leave the room saves energy whatever type of bulb you have and for however long you are away x Leaving the heating on overnight uses less energy than re heating a cold building FALSE A boiler that spend
15. Copiers use between 40 70 Watts during standby and 1 400 1 600 Watts when operating High volume of copiers use more energy so should be used sparingly Buy lower melting point inks The majority of electricity consumed by photocopiers is used to heat components which fuse the toner to the paper and these are often kept hot whilst the machine is in standby mode It is possible to reduce energy consumption by using low melting point inks so equipment can be held at a lower temperature These should be available from your stationary supplier e Purchase for your requirements Choose equipment that caters for current business needs and predicted requirements only Consider How fast the machine can return from standby to copy modes The faster this is the more energy used but the less likely it will be by passed by impatient staff Newer machines tend to have faster start up times More energy is used when the faster a machine copies It pays to have the ability to resize and copy at different print qualities The machine should also have the ability to two sided duplex copy and use low melting point toners FAX MACHINES e Consider inkjet fax machines Machines that use laser printing have the highest print resolution but use the most energy Machines that use thermal paper are the least expensive to buy but the paper is expensive has a short shelf life and is difficult to write on Inkjet faxes might prove the best solution as the
16. If wood chips or firewood are used they must be dried Y The storage of solid biofuel is compulsory i e they need be situated in dry and ventilated premises v Allinstallation works commissioning test and start up of the biomass systems must be implemented by authorized technical organization or technicians Y The unit must be installed in a premise with air circulation a normal combustion process requires air supply Y Check the chimney draft Some of the biomass boilers are not equipped by the exhausted fan Y Take notes of the fuel consumption when maintaining the desired temperature of water Te excessive fuel consumption means abnormal combustion process In that case you could contact an authorized technician Y Regularly clean the containers from residual ash Y The biomass boilers have to be serviced by professionals or installers Annual maintenance of the equipment is recommended 96 PRODUCTION OF ENERGY Energy producing equipment includes CHP solar p v wind turbines solar thermal and biomass boilers Y This equipment is expensive and needs to be properly maintained to ensure maximum efficiency and lifetime The maintenance generally needs to be carried out by a specialist contractor You should check the manual and talk to your supplier and installer to ensure that the required maintenance is carried out It s probably a good idea to enter a maintenance contract with your supplier or installer 97 ANNE
17. Without proper training and sufficient information this is impossible Here are some training tools that can be developed to inform building users on energy savings and the EPLACE efforts being made e Informative eco Posters see the Sample Office Poster e Best practices flyers e Use fun facts to show energy savings see our Myths on Energy Savings e WeSave and WeLight demonstrations using the platform information and tools e Show how apps can calculate how much money and CO2 have been saved using recommended best practices e The Dos and Don ts in energy consumption Make comparisons and checklists see our Energy Conservation Checklist e Citizen workshops that focus on how to save energy and the benefits for the environment as well as their pocket e Kid activities that use dissemination videos with cartoons that present Ecological Best Practices All activities should be documented showing their action impact results and suggestions for improvement 123 ff General Energy Checklist N E Always use compact fluorescent lights CFLs in desk lamps as opposed to incandescent lights Switch off all unnecessary lights Use natural lighting when possible When working late use task lighting to directly illuminate work areas Unplug equipment that drains energy even when not in use is cell phone chargers fans coffeemakers desktop printers radios etc If possible turn off office equipment and or computer
18. and simple PLAN DO CHECK ACT EMS is a set of interrelated elements to establish an energy policy and energy objectives and processes and procedures to achieve those objectives 12 EPLACE Contract Number 325182 D3 2 First Best Practices Manual PU A good plan starts by showing commitment that stimulates participation It identifies obstacles limits budgets resources timelines and goals It also establishes baselines strategies methods of monitoring and an effective reporting system This sounds like a lot but this manual will give you some easy to use tools needed Test the plan by using the resources identified in the planning process prepare reports and implement a communication campaign Use best practices Implement resources and support workers responsible for energy savings tasks Analyse performance of the measures taken against the desired outcomes Determine improvements as well as readjustments and modifications that need to be made Recognise achievements Implement the plan with the improvements readjustments and modifications Restart the cycle continuing with improvements and modifying areas for improvement 13 EPLACE D3 2 First Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 PU 4 1 PLAN How to get started EPLACE In order to start planning we need to have a good grasp on the current situation In other words we must determine the who what when where and how of energy spend
19. by PIR occupancy sensors throughout practices prior to project It is suspected that there is scope to improve staff practices which will be determined and confirmed by the WeSave From the energy audit it is anticipated that the WeSave will identify significant energy saving opportunities through improved behaviour Initiatives could include optimising the lighting control and switching off equipment when not in use or out of hours From the temporary measurement we expect Behaviours that that the WeSave will identify a large out of hours use that can will be changed be targeted through improved behaviour This may for example include powering down public access PCs at closing time switching off staff PCs switching off office equipment and restricting the use of electric heaters Energy and Baseline data on energy and environmental performance will 139 Environmental Performance Lessons learned Suggestions for success Contact information be established after the installation of the WeSave From the energy audits and the WeSave information there have been a number of lessons learned so far The ancillary lighting in areas such as hallways stairwells and common areas is not always needed management have started to instruct staff to switch these areas off when not needed The BMS system has become out of synch with the buildings systems and will be modified to operate automated systems more efficiently The
20. health e Get with the programme Ten years ago these were the best technology but now in comparison with LED technology is obsolete DOWNLIGHTS These lights and light tubes are the most typical for illuminating in buildings downlights have three different types of technologies Low consumption bulbs halide metal and LED e Duration of use Consideration for the time needed to light an area should be made before choosing downlight types For low use areas sometimes halide and low consumption bulbs can prove more economical e Economic study An economic study should be done to determine the best type of lighting e LED option LED lights are the most energy efficient however in this case may not be the most economic in low use areas 72 EPLACE D3 2 First Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 PU LIGHT TUBES The two most common types of tube lighting are T8 fluorescent tubes and T5 fluorescent tubes There are slight differences between these types T5 is slightly smaller than the T8 The T5 has a slightly higher efficiency and higher lumen than the T8 However this does not always equate that the T5 is necessarily better T5 tubes also require a different installation than the T8 making changing one type to another difficult e Getting help pays off It is best to consult a professional to carry out an economic study to help decide which lighting option is the most affective and help with its installation BELLS
21. machine especially when the office is closed AIR CONDITIONING AND FANS CEILING FAN The best models of ceiling fans have possibility for variable speed control and low noise level They do not require technical maintenance through the whole lifecycle Y Counter clockwise Ceiling fans work best by blowing air downward counter clockwise blade rotation in warm weather to cool the room with a direct breeze Y Clockwise is winter wise In winter having the fan draw air upward clockwise blade rotation will distribute the warmer air trapped at the ceiling around the room without causing a draft Y Clean the fan For cleaning finishes use a soft brush or lint free cloth to prevent scratching A vacuum cleaner brush nozzle can remove heavier dust Their lifecycle is between 7 and 10 years depending on the usage time DESK FAN Best models have possibility for variable speed control and turn left right The level of noise is low Y Unplug from the wall socket when left unused for a long time Y Place your desk fan away from heat sources such as radiators gas electric fires and direct sunlight Y Their lifecycle is 10 years at intensive use 88 SPLIT UNIT Split unit systems must operate without any problem when outer temperature is 15 oC or even lower Y Do not cool excessive indoors This may be harmful for your health and may consume more electricity The recommended 240C is suitable for human body Block sunlight wi
22. models within the group of 33A Energy Star qualified office equipment which meet your performance criteria Background information and hints on why it makes sense to buy the most energy efficient office equipment how to select the most energy saving configuration and how to use it most efficiently This Energy star is a coordinating initiative between the European Council and the United States Government According to the new Energy Labelling Directive the layout of the energy efficiency label gives room to up to three new energy classes to reflect technological progress The energy labelling system initially ranged from A to G The new Energy Labelling Directive introduces new efficiency classes to coincide with improvements in 19 EPLACE D3 2 First Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 PU technology in recent years These help to differentiate between the top end of the scale Now we use A A and A on top of the existing A grade for the most energy efficient household products The most efficient class is represented by A The labelling colour scheme will be adjusted accordingly so that the highest energy efficiency class will remain dark green and the lowest energy efficient class will be red The new label will gradually be introduced at the point of sale Consumers are likely to see the old and the new label alongside Still it is possible to compare the products since an old class A appliance is still equi
23. monitors at the end of the work day Use efficient ENERGY STAR products Close tilt window blinds to block direct sunlight to reduce cooling needs during warm months Photocopy only what you need Always use the second side of paper either by printing on both sides or using the blank side as scrap Use durable coffee mugs instead of disposable cups Carpool bike or use mass transit when commuting to work i NEN NN EE NEN NN To save gas drive the speed limit Accelerate and decelerate slower and make sure tires have the proper pressure Source U S Department of Energy 124 In the Office Check List nni nn Workers Lg NNNM NEN NEM NEM NEM END 7 Turn off equipment at power strip or unplug computers screens copy machines printers etc at the end of the work day Turn off the monitor screen when away from the desk for more than 15 minutes lunch breakfast meetings Use power strips to shut off all equipment at once when not in use Open windows to cool the office instead of using the air conditioning Likewise make sure the air is not on when the windows are open Use natural lighting Use the blinds to maximize light and minimize heat Keep windows clean for maximum light Turn off lights and other equipment when not in use Do not keep chargers plugged in when not charging Space heaters should be used only when necessary and turned off when not in use Try to use appropriate cl
24. not use by establishing the Stand By mode try to avoid air conditioning and use fans instead building manager checks after work to ensure electric devices are switched off usage of shutters and awnings during hot summer days reduce the use of hot water as much as possible try to avoid the use of individual electric heaters during cold winter months as much as possible open windows during winter mornings for 5 minutes in order to aerate interior air Y Installation of insulation of 1 741 m2 exterior walls that will reduce the U value from 1 05 to 0 35 W m2 K Electricity consumption for heating will be reduced by 45 593 kWh 1896 Installation of insulation on the roof 922 m2 U value will decrease from o 6 to 0 3 W mz2 K Electricity consumption for heating will be reduced by 32 928 kWh 13 Energy savings 78 521 kWh y CO2 savings 53 6 ton y Energy Cost savings 8 401 83 y How will the success of this change be measured By measuring the monthly consumption of electricity after implementation of measures and comparisons with consumption before Please explain how benchmarks were established and how changes will be monitored Through constant monitoring of energy consumption Address 37A Aleksandar Stamboliyski boul Septemvri City 4490 Bulgaria Person of contact Stefka Popova Deputy Mayor 154 Email s popova septemvri org Website www septemvri org 155 7 BIBLIOGRAPHY
25. of CO2 emissions compared with conventional sources of heat and power Initiating a CHP evaluation is a decision that requires careful consideration The most important thing is that there is a suitable heat load the more constant the better A 78 EPLACE D3 2 First Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 PU CHP operating for 1 the year will save 1 the energy compared to one operating all the time After a preliminary investigation it is generally recommended to get advice from a specialist consultant or contractor to carry out a detailed feasibility study WIND POWER A Wind Turbine converts the kinetic energy in wind into rotary mechanical energy that is then used for the generation of electricity In Ireland the most efficient models are added to the Triple E list where the three Es stand for Excellence in Energy Efficiency Each piece of equipment must satisfy certain criteria to be eligible to attain the Triple E accreditation There are similar accreditation schemes in the UK for the microgeneration certification scheme MCS and for the ECA Purchasers of wind turbines should e Carry out a site assessment to check if there is a good wind resource Check that equipment is CE marked Check that the wind turbine has been tested according to the appropriate European Standards and or equivalent International Standards Check operating and maintenance manuals for equipment e Carry out a financial assessment
26. points to keep in mind when writing the plan Y tshould be believable It should be coordinated with other company policies and with legislation It should be clear and decisive so that it is easily understood by all readers It should include a comprehensive plan to educate building users The set goals and responsibilities should be viable and well defined It should be communicated to all people in the organisation A 08S Sy A It should consider continual improvements See ANNEX 6 Company Energy Plan Template 4 2 DO Test the plan If we knew what it was we were doing it would not be called research would it Albert Einstein Implementing the plan does not mean we can just wash our hands of everything At this stage of the game the implementation of the plan is a trial period for research to test the effectiveness of our plan Once the plan has been implemented we can then CHECK what needs to be modified and ACT Once the cycle is completed it should be started again Use of the EPLACE services will help to monitor progress and challenges as well as motivate all participants to improve efforts during the implementation process Good luck 33 EPLACE D3 2 First Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 PU 4 3 CHECK A check must be done on a regular basis in order to improve and fix problems that may occur during the implementation of the programme The following steps can be taken to evaluate your pro
27. problems immediately 108 HEATING AND COOLING During winter months keep the temperature between 19 and 21 C Review and maintain pumps and equipment Maintain filters clean Purchase Energy Star equipment Use daily or weekly room thermostat to choose the appropriate temperature in the premises This will lead to energy savings and temperature comfort KITCHEN Refrigerator Maintain the back of the refrigerator clean and well ventilated e Defrost the freezer before there is a 3mm thick ice layer e Inspect the rubber seal on the refrigerator e Donot place hot items in the refrigerator or freezer e The refrigerator should be at 5 and the freezer at 18 C e Try not to open the door too often and close it quickly Cooking e Use microwave when possible e Avoid opening the oven when it is on and insure that it is well closed e Use the pressure pot when possible e Use residual heat to finish cooking Shut off the stove and oven 5 minutes before finished time e Cover pots and pans while cooking to take advantage of the heat e Use convection ovens e Use kitchen equipment such as pots pans etc with a diameter corresponding to 109 the diameter of the heating plate of the electric ovens Washing e Rinse with cold water e Use the dishwasher e Use the dishwasher only when it is completely full and load according the manufacturer e Use economy and short programmes when possible e Choose an energy star rated w
28. programme is one that will cost very little to no capital at all the human component of changing behaviour and attitude According to the document Managing Change A guide on how to manage change in an organisation written by Envirowise amp the Government Office for the South West UK there are four key factors to be considered 1 Pressure for change The pressure for change may originate from new legislation saving money or other causes but the management must be behind it fully supporting and committed to the change 2 Aclear shared vision Effective change is change that is consistent at all levels of the organisation All involved must be clear on the objectives and be motivated to meet them Motivation starts with pride happiness responsibility observed success and recognition of efforts 3 Capacity for change The resources and finances must be provided to achieve the change Time must be given to staff and sometimes funding so that change can be implemented Remember that employees are often the ones to have information intuition ideas and instincts needed to make improvements that can save costs and increase efficiency 4 Action There must be a plan to be implemented and employees must be informed on its aims and progress Most importantly workers must be reassured that the change is a good one Find what motivates people Perhaps it is money or the idea that the savings goes to a foundation organisatio
29. shares Combinations of the above TELECOMMUTE AND FLEXIBLE HOURS Some companies offer telecommuting or flexible hours Working from home can save fuel If this is not an option a flexible work schedule can be beneficial to all Arriving when traffic is at its lowest gives a worker more autonomy and peace of mind These 118 types of employees have been proven to be the most productive and most content Companies can benefit from offices that are staffed longer since employee times are more staggered TIP Start an EPLACE account and monitor your car fuel consumption 119 ANNEX 10 Tools for office awareness and recognition 120 Ideas for Rewards and Motivation Motivating people to change is often a daunting job but it once we get started it can be the most fun out of all energy saving tasks Some top tips on motivating people are 1 Unit people When people feel like they are part of something bigger they often will come together to get the job done Make it fun and help build a team to get the task done Offer opportunities for how employees and building users can get involved 2 Make it meaningful There is nothing more depressing than working a job that has no real meaning So make sure you inform workers on the benefits of what they are doing and what they have achieved The benefits are many social ecological and economic benefits Here are a few items that can be posted on a bulletin board or common w
30. sources such ovens dishwashers or direct sunlight Y Allow air circulation behind the refrigerator Y Maintain a space between the wall and the refrigerator and with older models be sure to maintain condenser coils Always follow instructions for good maintenance detailed in the user manual Y Check the door seals Y Insure that the refrigerator closes tightly and the seal is not worn In the case that they are damaged they can be replaced Y Maintain the door closed Y Try not to open the door too often Select what is needed all at once and close the door When to say goodbye Therefrigerator is over 15 years old x The refrigerator is over 8 years old the repairs are costly and the refrigerator is out of warrantee OVENS Y Install your oven far from your refrigerator to keep these appliances from working against each other or add foam insulation between the two if space is limited Y Resist the urge to open the oven door while cooking as this lets valuable heat escape Y Skip preheating and shut the oven off 15 minutes prior to finishing time Y Keep your oven clean A dirty oven can keep heat from transferring properly to the oven Y Don t self clean the oven more than once a month HOT WATER 94 AS The best gas boilers for hot water have efficiency over 909 Their lifecycle is about 10 years They have fully automated control and two independent security elements against gas leakage Regardless of that t
31. the energy audits and the WeSave information there have been a number of lessons learned so far The work day in the library starts at 8 30 am but the spike in energy used commences long before this One of the reasons may be the cleaners activating all lighting sensors when entering the building The base load at weekends is higher than the weekdays this is also unusual The environment in the library is poorly designed with very high temperatures in the summer time and very low temperatures in the winter This leads to the need for additional heating and cooling that draw allot of energy Some lighting areas are not needed and may be switch off All the sensors for lighting are on the one circuit so if the lux reading is low in one area it trips the lights for the entire library whether other areas have sufficient light or not 5 Large banks of computers are being left fully on all day in classrooms when there is no class The workers only have limited control over light heat and cooling so behavioral campaigns will need to be tailored to this We had designed a ready to go behavioral campaign and have already implemented some of the actions but having talked to the staff on the ground it became apparent they have very limited control over the operation of the building It was therefore decided to alter the behavioral campaign to be more informative and concentrated on their comfort levels and how this can be affected We wil
32. workplace will transfer them into the daily life of that person Good practices in your building can have secondary effects on the society as a whole the domino effect of good practices for social change Y Improved public image proud employees and better public image It is important for public buildings to serve as an example When a citizen walks into your building it is important that they feel their government is responsible Likewise it is important to transmit the benefits to workers so that they have a shared sense of pride that will be transferred to their work EPLACE D3 2 First Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 PU Y Increase value of the building There is growing legislation regarding energy efficient buildings and laws are being passed in many countries regarding the requirements on sales and rentals of buildings The value of the building is obviously greater and the possibility of sale higher of an energy efficient building 10 EPLACE D3 2 First Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 PU 3 Is it right for our building The answer is an astounding YES Whether you have a small budget or no budget at all energy efficiency is the way to go Funds should not be the deciding factor to not embark on a road to energy efficiency On the contrary Energy efficiency can often be a solution to financial weakness Keep in mind that 3096 of the total energy spent at many of our desks is lo
33. www certification experts com certification general information 24 EPLACE D3 2 First Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 PU Check that equipment complies with the relevant standards and have certified performance test reports Where relevant check for independent accreditation and certification systems These include for example solar keymark TripleE in Ireland MCS or ECA in the UK Check operating and maintenance manuals Carry out a financial analysis and feasibility study to determine costs revenues and paybacks Insulation Retrofitting insulation to a building can be an invasive and costly exercise However the payback on energy costs is often quite reasonable and improved insulation will lead to improved comfort levels In some extreme cases it can save up to 9096 on heating Depending on the type of roof it can often be quite straightforward to insulate at roof level Insulating flat roofs can be more difficult and requires some structural work Insulating walls also usually needs some building work finishing plastering and painting internal walls if insulation is applied internally finishing and painting external walls if applied externally If arranging for insulation you should ensure that the insulating material and the contractor are certified by relevant bodies For example in Ireland insulation contractors and material are certified by the Irish Agreement Board while in the UK the Britis
34. 45 workers and 5 000 users year Electricity demand kWh m y There are 3 counters Power 1 9 13 Kw Power 2 5 5 Kw Power3 195 Kw A building like this has several kind of rooms offices assembly Hall etc with a great light and climatization consumption The most part of energy consumed is electrical The summer season in this region is quite warm 259 409 and need a great amount of energy to be climatize This building includes several departments that are located in different parts of the building Some of them are accessible to the public and others are used for internal services There are different needs for each kind of users but there are only some practices implanted in the building e Switch off computers and machines not in use e Switch off lights in vacated areas The Standby campaign had no a great effect in the total building energy consumption but is a plus to save energy The main technician responsible explains that people in the Town Hall usually switch off the computers at the end of the day Some recommended actions have been made as not to use personal cooling systems ventilators or personal heaters in 145 Contact information winter Some other behaviours to change are related to the outdoor light use and the use of curtains awnings and blinds to avoid the affects of the excessive of the region On the contrary during mild winters in Cartaya it is recommended that natural light
35. 5 147 Portable Desktop projector TV 2 switches 1 router 2 a eer Is a medium room that needs to be acclimatize and the electric consumption for the amount of PC s described before Building consumption The actual lighting consumption is about sKwh m2 y The Guadalinfo telecentre had no prior behaviour Behaviours and policy so there is a great improvement opportunity practices prior to The centre is coordinated by a manager who can project directly be in charge of users behaviours This Telecentre is optimal to introduce changes in users behaviour One of the most important changes is switching off computers that are not being used Behaviours that Computers are the most important energy consumers in will have be changed the centre The manager will control the use of lights opened windows as well as the main door to avoid heat or cooling losses Baseline data on energy and environmental Energy and performance will be established after the installation of Environmental the WeSave Performance Gerardo Romero Le n AV Del Conocimiento s n 18016 Granada Spain 34671569627 www consorciofernandodelosrios es Contact information 148 BULGARIA CASE STUDY MEDICAL CENTER OF SEPTEMVRI CITY MASSIVE BUILDING SEPTEMVRI CITY PAZARDZHIK DISTRICT Best practice or behaviour Replacing existing windows with new energy efficient SITE INFORMATION Location of the building Type of building
36. Activities Number of staff Number of practiced building users year Massive building Medical activities Building characteristics Type of building Activities Number of staff Number of practiced building users year 149 Massive building Medical activities 1958 Overhaul in Climate zone 6 Bulgaria 1992 year Minimum temperature 16 oC Maximum temperature 34 oC Building size Gross floor Heated area Heated Floors area volume Building consumption Fuel types used Estimated CO2 production P emt iae tnirrtoptsun tee seam 759 358 When produce 1 kWh of electricity are generated 683 g CO2 kWh LPG 272g CO2 kWh Total annual consumption of the building is 74 340 kWh Exterior windows have a high heat transfer coefficient U W m2 K This is the reason for the heat loss In relation to staff behaviour no training activities or Behaviours and practices prior to behavioural change campaigns have been performed previously project for this reason it is expected that such actions can lead to significant results in building s energy performance From the energy audit it is anticipated that the WeSave will identify significant energy saving opportunities through Benavigurs improved behaviour Initiatives could include activities like that will be switching off all office equipment not in use by establishing the changed Stand By mode try to avoid air conditioning and use fa
37. Energy Star or ECO label The installation of energy efficient air conditioners can consume up to 6096 less than other units Use shading devices like awnings blinds curtains and plants to keep sunlight out and minimize the accumulation of heat This can be reversed in the winter months Keep the temperature around 21 C Dirty filters restrict airflow and can cause the system to run longer increasing energy use Replace filters monthly for maximum benefit Save 1 2 percent Install windows with good insulation Keep units in the shade with good air circulation Make sure everyone is comfortable Ok almost everybody Many times if someone is not comfortable they will look for a solution that is often not energy efficient opening a window plugging in a heater Kitchen appliances Purchase A rated or Energy Star appliances Inform staff on water saving Remember hot water is energy spent Have a system to report leaks and fix them as soon as possible Check equipment temperatures and flow rates Use the maximum water savings flow rate and the minimum temperature according to manufacturer guidelines 23 EPLACE D3 2 First Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 PU Make sure appliances that produce heat are separate from those that cool Ensure that there is space behind the appliances for air to circulate Defrost items by placing them for a few hours in the refrigerator avoiding d
38. NING OR PAYING A DEPOSIT from the Renewable Energy Consumer Code Get it in writing A quote including a standard performance estimate specific to your property and a full breakdown of what will be supplied make sure it s all inclusive Their standard terms and conditions Read all information and understand it Never pay more than 2596 of the contract price up front and check it will be protected Remember that you have the right to cancel the contract Make sure you do not waive this right Any changes to the contract should be put in writing and added to the contract If the company makes changes to the contract make sure that you have a written agreement If you do not agree you have the right to cancel the contract with no penalty REFERENCES Ask for references and check them 106 Recreation Centre Tip Sheet POOLS Reduce your heater or heat pump thermostat settings by 8 10 on days the pool is not being used According to the American Red Cross the most healthful swimming temperature is 25 5 C Reducing your heater or heat pump thermostat to maintain a 25 5 or lower temperature will also help conserve energy Reduce pump speed to reduce energy use A slower pump reduces power consumption For good water maintenance circulate water through a filter only once per day Additional cycles tend to waste energy Run your pool s filtration system during off peak hours when electricity demand
39. PU The window should be certified to a relevant test standard or should have an energy label eg http www bfrc org 84 EPLACE D3 2 First Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 PU ANNEX 7 Best operating practices 85 BEST OPERATING PRACTICES Making sound decisions every day takes knowledge awareness and practice The following best operating practices can be used in awareness campaigns in your company Use the information to create reminder stickers posters and flyers to inform employees and building users about energy savings and in workshops and training events Y Keep everyone informed Y Allocated responsible OFFICE EQUIPMENT COMPUTERS AND MONITORS A monitor can account for a large amount of a computer s energy consumption 85 Watts on average for older screens and since these are often left on when users are away from their desks there are big opportunities to make savings Ensure monitors are turned off if users are to be away from their desk for more than ten minutes and that computers are switched off at the end of each day Enable any standby features to limit energy consumption Small to medium sized companies typically rely on employees to set their own PC profiles whereas this is often centrally controlled in larger companies Encouraging IT departments as well as individual users to activate standby modes will result in energy savings It is a good idea to establish a policy that not only cov
40. RALISED HVAC ELECTRIC AND NATURAL GAS e Centralised HVAC systems The contemporary systems which use electricity and natural gas are being installed in large public and commercial buildings They are also used in some industrial sectors Their usage in household sector is limited due to their high prices and large number of components The energy efficient systems of that kind are providing an energy recuperation of exhaust air automated control of the energy source which is being used natural gas and electricity depending on the variable environmental parameters temperature solar radiation wind etc These systems must be connected to and controlled by a building energy management system BMS CENTRALISED HVAC ELECTRIC ONLY e The contemporary centralised HVAC systems which use only electricity are also being installed in large public and commercial buildings Chillers for cooling are being used in large buildings as well as thermo pumps air air for heating and ventilation systems for recuperation of energy of the exhaust air In households more appropriate are thermo pumps air air and air water The contemporary thermo pumps of that kind are having DC invertors and their COP is between 2 5 and 4 5 CENTRALISED HVAC BIOMASS Modern Biomass HVAC systems These systems which are using only biomass as an energy source are generally split into two categories 1 systems which are using pellets with thermal capacity u
41. X Y Turn down the air Air conditioning set on the maximum can reduce the mileage by 5 2596 Y Avoid idling Although you are not moving idling is using fuel Y Try to travel during off peak hours Y Consider other means of transport or combining types of transport Y Combine trips Y Use overdrive gear Y Motorcycles DETERMINE THE ENERGY PERFORMANCE INDICATORS According to the ISO 50001 Energy Performance Indicators EnPls can be a simple parameter a simple ratio or a complex model Examples of EnPls can include energy consumption per time energy consumption per unit of production and multi variable models The organization can choose EnPls that inform the energy performance of their building and can update the EnPIs when business activities or baselines change that affect the relevance of the EnPI as applicable Energy Performance Indicators EnPls for the EPLACE project were identified as part of the survey and data collection for the Pilot Buildings Energy Assessment report D2 4 Indicators may be on an annual basis or may vary over time eg kWh month defined for each month of the year Similarly EnPls may relate to total energy consumption or energy consumption for a particular end use such as lighting The availability of energy usage data is key for the establishment of useful and accurate EnPls and the usage data collected from the measurement components of the EPLACE solution WeSave and WeLight will allow the identificat
42. X 9 Energy Management Tools Senior management is committed to ICT energy efficiency An ICT Energy Co ordinator has been appointed Sufficient resources are allocated to energy management within the ICT team An ICT Energy Management Team has been established Tips provided by the SEAI Public Sector ICT working group for resource allocation and policy change With the necessary time and resources A set time per week should be allocated to this work A small team of enthusiastic volunteers O O O The PCs left on overnight are visible reported PCs are not left on after hours for updates Software updates are carried out during business hours only Use central policy and controls or write scripts to report which PCs are left on after a set time If PCs are left on after hours for updates then consider rescheduling to during the working day This may be challenging but can be both feasible and successful with adequate 99 communication to staff beforehand O All non essential equipment is switched off Can save up to 60 of office equipment out of business hours energy costs Ll There is automated shutdown after hours Write script to hibernate unattended PCs Ll Power management is configured stand by Can save up to 30 of PC and monitor is enabled energy use during the working day Ancillaries p Train key staff to operate energy equipment After maintenance
43. alysis for an energy programme could be the following HELPFUL HARMFUL to achieving the objective to achieving the objective STRENGTH WEAKNESSES e Reduced energy costs e Initial financial investments e Increased economic e Waste management of old Z strength improved materials fol e Dp e Extra work hours needed to find e Healthier environment manufactures and for e Improved working metallatian z environment comfort e Inconvenience or stop in work h k Ee eee e Continual effort and e Energy security lower commitment oe sian ce aN Changing worker behaviour energy sources OPPORTUNITIES THREATS e Increased value of property e Risk of investments no having Z T the payback desired rU e Lower emissions S environmental conservation e New better technology a e Possible tax breaks e Risk of malfunction of z ae 2 ARVI Rusiness meee technology or repair costs e Serve asa model for the community e Regulation compliance In the long run we hope to save money but we must admit that for some projects money and time is a major player in getting started To learn more about financial services in your country consult the EPLACE First Guide to Financial Services lt contains sources on ESCOs and other financial supporting bodies and mechanisms 29 EPLACE D3 2 First Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 PU However as clearly stated in the SWOT analysis the number one weakness to any energy efficiency
44. an save up to 9096 on heating so take note on this tip sheet Take a top down approach to look at your building s envelope ATTIC If there is no access to the attic you may need to use infrared or remove material to see the installation If you have access to your attic grab some gloves old clothes respirator and a flashlight and check out the following points Points Notes Condition of insulation Depth consistency of the insulation Animal damage Trampled matted down Water damage Bare spots on ceilings or framing material Ventilation systems should lead outside not into the attic WALLS How thick are the walls The thickness of a wall determines its capacity to insulate the building Measure the thickness of a doorway or window or drill a small whole and poke a wooden not metal bbq skewer into the whole and mark it when it hits the other side 114 Figure out what and if any type of insulation is being used in the wall Perhaps you need to replace it or add insulation that was never there in the first place The type of insulation will depend on the type of climate your building must withstand As in the attic the condition the depth water damage and bare spots in the insulation should be accessed This may be very difficult since the wall is a closed area and could be best done by a professional BASEMENT There is a debate to whether insulate the walls or the ceiling of the space Only insulating t
45. ances v If some unusual noises occur this is a signal for system failure Y Check up regularly the level of electric insulation of the whole system Y Ducts must be well isolated Y The space around suction and discharge holes of the system must be free of any hindrances CENTRALISED HVAC BIOMASS The best HVAC systems are operating with efficiency higher than 9596 they have a fully automated process control and in operation mode they require only cleaning of containers from residual ash which is performed approximately once each 10 days A very important requirement for these systems is that the fuel used must meet the EU pellet standard ENplus adopted in 2010 Specifically the centralised HVAC systems must use pellets with quality standard ENplus A2 Using uncertified pellets might lead to damages of the system and efficiency will decrease significantly An annual inspection carried out by a professional technician is compulsory Some tips when using these appliances Y Check the quality of the fuel especially when using pellets It must meet the European standard ENplus Y Watch the flame s colour at boiler s burner When the burning process is normal it should be orange yellow Y When using wood chips as fuels take into account that it must be dried to at least 15 Higher humidity will lead to decrease of energy efficiency and even to malfunction LIGHTING Some general lighting tips Y Take advantage of natural light w
46. anual Contract Number 325182 PU 6 ANNEXES MY TOOL BOX 37 EPLACE D3 2 First Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 PU ANNEX 1 Sample statement 38 EPLACE D3 2 First Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 PU Date COMPANY ENERGY MANAGEMENT STATEMENT AND POLICY The company understands it has a responsibility to its employees to improve the workplace environment to citizens to manage funds wisely and to future generations to help protect and preserve our environment and its natural resources For this reason we have developed a company Energy Management Policy that will help following through with this commitment We ask for your participation and support in our efforts as a company This Energy Management Policy aims to Increase energy efficiency within the workplace e Reduce our carbon footprint e Reduce dependence on fossil fuel e Reduce emissions of CO2 amp harmful greenhouse gases e Create a healthier work environment e Inspire company workers and stakeholders to improve our environment e Actasa modelfor companies agencies citizens etc e Create a smart budget and eliminate unnecessary costs e Develop a fabulous public image e Increase our pride in where we work 39 EPLACE D3 2 First Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 PU SPECIFIC PROGRAMMES Heating amp cooling e Example Hot and cold water machines throughout the company are all energy efficient models featuring
47. as Leisure Centre comprises a 25m swimming pool a General fully equipped gymnasium a large aerobics studio a Steam information room and Sauna a large changing village and 6 outdoor floodlit pitches The leisure centre is open to the public seven days a week for a total of c 100 hours per week The leisure centre was built in xxx The building is a two storey lightweight steel framed structure with metal decking roof and side walls with a total floor area of 2880 m2 The building was designed with energy efficiency in Building mind and includes high levels of insulation with an average characteristics u value of 0 46 heat recovery ventilation and a combined heat and power plant In addition to standard glazing daylighting has been maximised by the addition of roof lights in the pool hall gym reception and changing village These roof lights 135 END provide a good glare free source of natural lighting Swimming pool buildings are highly serviced building with potentially high energy consumption due to constant thermal and electrical loads throughout the year There are significant energy demands for pool heating and heating and ventilation of the air space above the pool to maintain comfort and prevent condensation Heating is provided by the CHP plant and condensing boilers There are large electrical demands on the site for circulation Building pumps and fans with miscellaneous lighting and other loads consumption The W
48. asher Hot water e Turn off hot water systems when the centre is closed e The temperature should be set no higher than 40 C e Use gas to heat the water when possible e Use heat accumulator buffer tank in the hydraulic heating and DHW domestic hot water system 110 Hospital and Health Centre Tip Sheet EDUCATE PATIENTS AND VISITORS STICKERS OR POSTERS CAN BE USED Turning off lights when not in use Closing windows when the air or heat is on Closing doors especially those that lead to the outside Unplug and shut off devices that are not in use Water savings measures BATHROOMS Use cold water when possible Use water saving devices in faucets and toilets Report and fix leaks as soon as possible Unplug devices when not in use Do not set the temperature above 40 C LAUNDRY When possible and sanitary wash with cold water Always wash with a full load Wash the filter often Line dry when possible Purchase energy star equipment with A ratings or higher 111 Look for washers with high centrifuging capacity LIGHTING Use natural light when possible Review each area and its lighting needs Perhaps timers or sensors can be installed instead of having the light on continually Maintain lights and lamps clean Shut lights off when you are the last to leave the room Stickers are helpful to remind others to do the same Do not use decorative lighting on the interior or exterior of the building Use led w
49. ated what will be needed and who will prove it for installation and maintenance CREDENTIALS AND EXPERIENCE How long has the installer been in business and_ installing these systems Are they a member of an organization are they certified In 104 some countries they need to be certified for feed in tariffs or incentive to apply INFORMATION Do they provide manuals and brochures background and test data Is the sales person knowledgeable about the product Did the sales person give you information about the warranty card and after warranty service period of the installed product AFTER INSTALLATION What services are offered Warranties All installers should provide a minimum one year warranty on the installation What type of professional devices like gas analyzer electronic tester data loggers etc the installers are used ESTIMATES AND QUOTES The company has provided the quote in writing and on official company headed paper Is the system eligible of an incentive programme of Feed in Tariffs Explain different payment options What is included in the price This should include Safe removal and disposal of older equipment Drilling of trenching Electrical work Connection old to new systems If connecting to the grid Is a meter included or will you need to get 105 one In situations of heating is the cost of integration with the actual system included BEFORE SIG
50. ba a country we must note has a very tight budget was able to reduce its energy needs by half over a four year period EPLACE D3 2 First Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 PU 2 The benefits What do we have to gain by starting or participating in an energy programme in our building There is a lot to be gained in creating a programme for energy savings in your company and it isn t all based on saving the environment and money Here are some of the top reasons to start an energy programme Y Reduction of CO2 and other Green House Gases bla bla bla Green house gases are those gases that impede heat from escaping from the Earth s atmosphere They include gases like Carbon Dioxide aka CO3 pi Nitrous Oxide and Hydro Fluorocarbons Per Fluorocarbons and Sulphur amp Hexafluoride To get straight to the point the increase of these gases P can dictate if our beach homes weather another season if we will be ble to afford those tomatoes we really fancy at the market and how much we spend on air conditioning 2 Everyone who hasn t been in a cave since 1990 will know that saving Pe energy can reduce the amount of green house gasses we emit into we our atmosphere Since this would not be a proper manual without mentioning the importance of its reduction we will state it with a short factoid The average house in Ireland is responsible for emitting 8 1 tonnes of CO based on the latest yea
51. be used in the building This will increase savings and lower energy consumption The use of natural light can also help to increase the inside temperature of the building Other behaviours related with healthy recommendations include not using the lift and use the stairs instead It is also recommended to not use hot water over 40 degrees don t drink cold water use paper towels instead of air machines etc Gerardo Romero Le n AV Del Conocimiento s n 18016 Granada Spain 34671569627 www consorciofernandodelosrios es 146 SPAIN CASE STUDY GUADALINFO TELE CENTRECARTAYA HUELVA There are currently no defined guidelines of good practices but there are some that have been implemented Best practice or Y Turning off lights after the work behaviour Y Reducethe conditioned air consume Switch off computers and monitors every day SITE INFORMATION The Guadalinfo Telecentre is located on 2 C Hospital Street Cartaya Huelva This is a public centre created to reduce the digital gap in the rural environment Social Innovation computer courses and everything General information i related to new technologies focused to improve the social progress in the villages Also have a few hours of free access to online consultations implementation of academic papers etc I x Is a 150m room diaphanous inside the Local Market Building characteristics MM i Building Electronic Equipment 26 Computers 10 1
52. ce of Date of consumption measure savings information information Laptops ESCO internal study etc EMPLOYEE AWARENESS PLAN If you think education is expensive try ignorance Derek Bok EPLACE D3 2 First Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 This should include the measures timelines and participants that will take part in the awareness plan Target everyday actions that employees will be encouraged to do and how they will be communicated and by who ACTION Workshop RESPONSIBLE TIME FRAME pamphlet etc ENERGY CONSERVATION TARGETS LOW TARGET MWh HIGH TARGET MWh 64 EPLACE D3 2 First Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 ACTION PLAN Turn targets into tasks with timelines and indications of who is responsible to carry out the task Identify challenges to implement the action and solutions For each task identify approaches and strategies Behavioural organisational maintenance other Description Energy Project Energy Cost Responsible Completion Observations type stage Savings person completed date These tasks should be tracked to monitor their progress Commit to having meetings of the team on a regular basis to talk about the progress of the plan and the problems encountered The following table can be used to identify economics benefits and risks for each task Conservation Feasibility Estimated Estimated Estimated Available Project Produ
53. computer running when not in use These loads can affect other systems like heating cooling and electric loads These loads can be reduced by reducing energy use by office equipment upgrading the building envelope to better manage heat flow and installing a properly sized and energy efficient HVAC system 31 EPLACE D3 2 First Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 PU 4 Distribution systems The distribution system circulates air and water through the building As in all systems the distribution system needs to be tested balanced and cleaned 5 Heating and cooling systems Since over time thermostats and temperature sensors are reset by uncomfortable employees or become a bit out of tune they must be re calibrated The devices also need monitoring maintenance and scheduled tune ups CHOOSING AN INSTALLER See Annex 9 to learn how to choose an installer 4 1 4 WRITING A PLAN If you don t know where you are going any road will get you there Lewis Carroll Now that you have done some research you can start putting the PLAN to paper Take a deep breath and before starting ask Y Where are we currently and where would we like to be v What level of commitment do we want and can we assume Y What degree of effort are we willing to make economic personal and organisational Y What is our timeframe for action 32 EPLACE D3 2 First Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 PU Important
54. control for heating up water They have a very good insulation which allows for storage of hot water up to 48 hours without energy consumption Their efficiency is over 96 SOLAR Solar energy is an eco friendly solution for supplying the building facility with hot water and to support the operational work of the installed boiler for heating A lot of buildings in the EU rely on the national grid for natural gas and electricity not only is this expensive it is also contributing to the shocking effect of global warming Solar thermal for domestic hot water DHW and heating is increasingly popular alternative to replacement of fossil fuels to renewable energy On the other hand solar thermal has ability to drastically reduction of energy cost for the building s owners and green house gas emissions GHG 77 EPLACE D3 2 First Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 PU e Choose vacuum tube panels There are various designs of solar panels for hot water preparation Vacuum tube panels ensure high efficiency They have very low heat losses operate well in cloudy weather and they can supply 10096 of hot water for a household during summer season while the rest of the year from 4096 to 8596 The heating liquid is antifreeze which allows for year round use These appliances are normally combined with electric boilers so that hot water preparation can be ensured during cold seasons of the year BIOMASS Wood fuelled heating syste
55. ctivity Ease of Measure Study Energy operating cost incentives payback quality or implementation Complete Savings peak MW yieldsavings easy medium YIN MWh reduction hard IMPLEMENT BUDGET This budget should include costs of the energy manager running the management team projects employee awareness etc Source OPA energy Management Template 65 EPLACE D3 2 First Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 PU ANNEX 6 Buyers guide for energy efficient technology 66 EPLACE D3 2 First Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 PU A BUYERS GUIDE FOR ENERGY EFFICIENT TECHNOLOGY The starting point for purchasing energy efficient products and services is to have a purchasing policy that takes into account the energy implications of your purchasing decisions All purchasing decisions should start with a needs evaluation so that you only buy what you really need Resultant specifications should include energy criteria and the whole life costs of the items Some basic tips for purchasing energy efficient equipment include see 4 2 3 Investigating our options Look for the Energy Star Label Compare energy labels Get the right size Use natural gas Think long term Consider the product s travel distance We NE NOUS USUS Could you have bought it locally In this annex we address specific tips for choosing the right office lighting HVAC and kitchen equipment OFFICE EQUIPMENT Of
56. d Energy and Environmental Performance Contact information energy could be save but this is an ambitious project and the total implication of the Council is needed to change behaviours and several energy vampires some machines bulbs boilers etc Definitely general actions in this building will be more effective than concrete actions The Standby campaign had no a great effect in the total building energy consumption does represent some benefit in energy savings This is because of the large dimensions of the building The largest energy consumers are lighting and air conditioning One of the air conditioning units is broken so the building now is by default saving money The users have changed some behaviours in this way and will be recommend not to use personal cooling systems and instead use fans Some other behaviours to change will be related with the outdoor light use as well as the use of curtains awnings and blinds to reduce external heat from affecting the internal temperatures During the mild winters of Cartaya natural light is recommended to light the building This will increase energy savings and decrease energy consumption by taking advantage of the sun s heat Other behaviours related with healthy recommendations include the minimization of using the lift and promote using the stairs It is also recommended no to use hot water over 40 degrees not to drink cold water use paper towels instead of air machi
57. de serious things like graphs or even a picture of something that has really changed Never doubt that a small group of thoughtful committed people can change the world Indeed it is the only thing that ever has Margaret Meade Signed GEO Company Address 41 EPLACE D3 2 First Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 PU ANNEX 2 Employee Energy Questionnaires 42 EPLACE D3 2 First Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 PU Questionnaire 1 Prior to programme implementation Dear Employee We are proud to announce our new efforts to save energy In the next months to come you will notice that we are trying to make some beneficial changes Since each one of you holds an important piece to this puzzle we turn to you to offer insight and guidance on the current situation and to give your input on how we can all improve By bettering our energy use we hope to increase the comfort level in the work place have a reduced impact on the environment and global warming and reduce company spending to create an even stronger company Thank you for taking the time to fill out this short questionnaire 1 How would you define the overall attitude in the work place Very positive and active Positive and aware Somewhat aware Neutral L O LJ Bj Indifferent 2 Are you motivated to save energy in the workplace Yes most definitely Yes somewhat If the company
58. dministrative claim 9 Offices and rooms for staff providing services 10 Hall and Conferences room 11 Workshops meeting room 12 Multipurpose rooms and common The Staff is about 14 persons and estimated building users is at around 6 000 people year The building was completed in 2004 is a typical polyvalent centre with a great Hall and several rooms including a Theatre It extends to 3 392 75m over 5 floors There are some great areas with a special difficulty for the climate such as Hall library and theatre And of course due to its special characteristics with high energy consumption As said before a building like this has several kind of rooms a great Hall library and classrooms with a great light and climatization consumption The most part of energy consumed is electrical The summer season in this region is quite warm 259 409 and need a great amount of energy to be climatize The actual consumption is about 166 518Kw The particular nature of the building makes it difficult to provide solutions to modify the user s behaviours However all the efforts will be focused to define a better policy strategy for this building Special events like theatre carnivals and cultural activities have high demands on energy consumption They are designed for volumes of people and must use all lights and heating or cooling systems During these punctual events a lot of 142 Behaviours that will have been be change
59. during the planned motor oil changing in auto service station This maintenance will improve the efficiency and quality of your engine operation and will reduce of the periodic repairs needed Change dirty air filters This is important for older cars Newer cars are not affected however a changed filter will improve driving performance DRIVING TIPS Y Relax Rapid accelerating and braking on highways can lower efficiency by 33 Slow down Going slower can significantly decrease fuel efficiency Use cruise control The use of cruise control can cut fuel needs by maintaining a steady speed Use the overdrive gear If you have an overdrive gear it can be used to reduce the engines speed which will enable to save fuel and reduce engine wear Reduce mileage by using multiple types of transport For example driving to a park and ride and taking the train into town or using bike shares in the city can cut gas and increase an individual s health Combine trips Plan your route wisely and tasks to efficiently use fuel and time Use a GPS device Getting lost can become not just frustrating but inefficient Turn down the air An air conditioner set on max can consumption by 5 2506 Avoid transporting items on the rack or leaving the windows open at high speeds since they can create drag and save 596 in mileage Get rid of extra baggage Extra weight can decrease fuel efficiency depending on the amount carried Avoid
60. e electrical appliances that are plugged in to an outlet or to the circuit breaker and all equipment that needs fuel gas oil biomass etc to function If a map of the building is available it can serve as a good tool to make sure you do not miss any small rooms You may get a little dusty so put on some older clothes This is an auditor building manager or ESCO s job but getting familiar with your building will help you prepare for their visit You will want to be aware of the number of any given devices or appliances whether it is switched on at the power source the number of hours it is used each day and whether it is used seasonally or all year long The best practice document Annex 4 for this task is a short list to help you get started on thinking of where the energy in you building is being spent Data from the WeSave will provide a breakdown of electricity use and allow specific uses to be identified and monitored 17 EPLACE D3 2 First Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 PU 4 1 3 How Investigating our options and challenges BEST PROCUREMENT POLICIES Please see Annex 6 for more details Good procurement does not just help the company save energy and money but it also reduces environmental impacts and stimulates social improvements like fair trade and creates incentives for the continual growth of ub the market for energy efficient products fa d x fey t Hu LS To support the initiative
61. e end of the day Change bulbs to LED Do a weekly check on all equipment to make sure it is properly working and have a plan to fix the equipment immediately if it is not Respond to worker notification quickly if something is not working properly Use Energy Star equipment or equipment that has had an high efficiency energy rating Make sure equipment is maintained according the manufacturer Use only original spare parts when it is necessary to change or replace the damage equipment Keep constant reports and statements of faulty equipment Reflected in the report the type of defect causes and timing of replacement equipment Source U S Department of Energy 126 My home Tip Sheet a BATHROOMS Use cold water when possible Use water saving devices in faucets and toilets Report and fix leaks as soon as possible Unplug devices when not in use Do not set the temperature above 40 C LAUNDRY When possible and sanitary wash with cold water Always wash with a full load Wash the filter often Line dry when possible Purchase energy star equipment with A ratings or higher Look for washers with high centrifuging capacity LIGHTING Use natural light when possible Review each area and its lighting needs Perhaps timers or sensors can be installed instead of having the light on continually 127 Maintain lights and lamps clean e Shut lights off when you are the last to leave the room Stickers are helpful t
62. e enough space for their efficient functioning i e to have the so called good convection and thus to avoid frequent switch off due to overheating Some tips when using the electric heaters Y Set the heater s thermostat to the desired temperature Y Do not block the hot air outlet grilles or the intake grille located on the bottom or on the back of the heater Y Unplug the power plug when electric heater is not used for an extended period of time Y Never for any reason cover the appliance during operation as this could lead to dangerous overheating 89 Y Donotuse such appliances in rooms which have an area smaller than 4m2 Y Follow safety instructions for the devise NATURAL GAS HEATER The best models of that appliance are fully automated and have efficiency more than 9096 Their lifecycle is about 12 years They require an annual technical inspection within that period which must be carried out by a professional technician During their exploitation one must follow strictly the safety rules which are described in a manual by the respective producer The use of natural gas implies high risk of fire and explosion each un professional interference in their operation can lead to unwanted consequences As a room is warmed the walls and ceilings are also warmed making one feel a little warmer than when the ceilings and walls were cold even though the room temperature is the same Most of these devices have the so called Econ
63. eSave monitoring equipment will identify electricity loads The electricity use in 2012 was 380 MWh costing 64 000 and the fuel use was 2 300 MWh costing 60 000 This equates to 148 kWhe m yr and 914 kWth m yr These data are somewhat misleading as the CHP uses gas to generate electricity and data on the CHP operation is required to fully establish the electrical and thermal demands This data will be measured by the WeSave Behaviours and It is suspected that there is scope to improve staff practices practices priorto and control which will be determined and confirmed by the project WeSave From the energy audit it is anticipated that the WeSave will identify significant energy saving opportunities through improved behaviour Initiatives could include optimising the lighting control and switching off equipment when not in Behaviours that use or out of hours From the electricity usage data we willbe changed expect that the WeSave will identify a large amount of hours use that can be targeted through improved behaviour This may for example include switching off lights optimising time settings for plant turning down fans out of hours and measuring and monitoring EnPIs through WeSave Energy and Baseline data on energy and environmental performance Environmental will be established after the installation of the WeSave Performance 136 Lessons learned Suggestions for success Contact information From
64. ebsite o What Eco Benefits have we accomplished How much CO2 emissions have been reduced Put this in terms that can be understood like number of trees or number of cars How much petroleum and carbon consumption has been reduced New collaboration efforts that name individuals o Economic Benefits How much money we have saved Money that has been invested in other projects products activating the economy Will there be a pay increase as a result of hard work 3 Set goals and celebrate them who doesn t love to reach the top of a mountain look down and ponder how far they have come Once goals are reached perhaps there is a party or just a poster of congratulations 4 Recognise efforts This is so important If employees or building users are making a special effort recognise it with one of the follow suggests 121 Acertificate of energy excellence Abonus A public notice Aspot near the window plants extra break time Prizes energy products for the home Donate part of the saved money to non governmental Environment or human aids agencies b Listen to suggestions Make workers and building users part of the process by listening to them 6 Keep positive There will be times it doesn t seem like anything is changing but positive brings positive 122 Training Tools To develop a project like EPLACE it is necessary to incorporate and motivate the people to achieve positive results
65. em and the way you treat them is what they become Johann Wolfgang von Goethe Apart from getting worker opinion we need to decide who is going to carry out some of the basic tasks of putting the programme in place We must create positions like energy managers buyers campaign communicators etc and define tasks and timeframes for actions These energy pioneers also must have the know how to carry out their job So if they are not fully equipped with experience perhaps it is a good idea to get some outside help to train them 16 EPLACE D3 2 First Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 PU 4 1 2 What when and where an assessment of the current situation Y What and when is it being spent Get out all of the bills paid for energy in the last years and fill out the record provided in the best practice document Annex 3 Not everyone keeps data for more than a year so fill in as much as possible Seeing what is being spent will help determine where important savings can be made and will serve as a baseline for future spending Initial calculations can be affected by many variables such as weather production level etc Many professional auditors and ESCOs will take these calculations when performing audits Baselines are said to be normalised when these variables are removed from the equation Y Where is it being spent A walk through will help you identify where the energy is being spent this includes all th
66. emperature The contemporary air conditioning split units have a low level of noise and various user settings for easy control and functioning such as sleep mode auto etc ELECTRIC HEATER The new appliances for electric heating are divided generally into two categories 1 convector type and or 2 appliances with infrared heaters They are equipped with timers and thermostats which allow for maintaining a constant temperature in premises they heat and depending on the variable conditions inside The efficiency of these devices is very high normally reaching and even exceeding 9896 NATURAL GAS HEATER Go for gas infrared heaters There are two ways of heating with natural gas through hot water boiler which supplies heat to the heating system of user and through gas heaters which are directly burning natural gas The contemporary solution is the second choice gas infrared heaters with variable design which can provide heat to a wide range of users That efficient and environmental way of heating can be used for households 70 EPLACE D3 2 First Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 PU almost all public and commercial buildings as well as some industrial sites The advantages of gas infrared heaters are high efficiency and possibility for an automated process control This way of heating allows for savings of natural gas of up to 2 5 times in comparison to the traditional gas heaters CENT
67. eniib neroa beca roe tiri Li ice rebel t rice 85 ANNEX g Energy Management To6l5 uuciseidesk eras eti pbi ces Rit bub kie Rt brtiobenitasic p nis 98 EPLACE D3 2 First Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 PU ANNEX 10 Tools for office awareness and recognition esses 120 ANNEX 11 EPLACE CASE STUDIES Best Practices and Behaviors Ireland Spain and lcu omiacnea neath 134 Ti BIBLIOGRAPHY piierne EE E M RS DIM BUE NC E 156 EPLACE D3 2 First Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 PU 1 Abstract When we buy a new appliance a new toy for our kid or a put it together yourself table to save a little money we usually take out all the pieces from the box and look for the manual It is our hope that this booklet presented in one thousand languages will give us some insight to how the heck this all works There are some manuals that even provide a plastic bag with tools to help you assemble it Those are the best We don t even have to go digging though the tool box to find the right wrench or nail to use With this idea in mind we have created this manual It is a manual that provides the information and fundamental tools necessary to help public entities energy managers and building users analyze the current energy use situation in different types of public buildings to get started on the road to energy savings and to stay motivated to keep going Since not many people ha
68. ermal insulation of the roof CIF ERGADELBSSESnELR le ELE IE J is ji Uu feet a s 152 SITE INFORMATION Location of the building Type of building Activities Number of staff Number of practiced building users year Massive building Administrative 105 38 ooo activities Building characteristics Climate zone 6 Bulgaria Minimum temperature 16 oC Maximum temperature 34 oC Building size Gross floor Heated area Heated Floors area volume Building consumption Fuel type used Annual consumption Estimated CO2 production UT fin pror opasan uu m m When produce 1 kWh of electricity are generated 683 g CO2 kWh Total annual consumption of the building is 253 296 kWh Y External walls and the roof have a high heat transfer coefficient U W m2 K This is the Behaviours and reason for the heat loss practices prior to In relation to staff behaviour no training project activities or behavioural change campaigns have been performed previously for this reason it is expected that such actions can lead to significant results in building s energy 153 Behaviours that will be changed Energy saving measures Energy and Environmental Performance Contact information From the energy audit it is anticipated that the WeSave will identify significant energy saving opportunities through improved behaviour Initiatives could include activities like switching off all office equipment
69. ers energy efficiency tips but also guidelines for purchasing new equipment As some brands of office equipment use less energy than others it is important to consider the running costs of all options and not just the purchase cost A single computer and monitor left on 24 hours a day will cost around 60 a year Multiply that by the number of computers your business has to understand what this might be costing you Switching them off out of hours and enabling standby features could reduce this to less than 15 a year each and prolong the lifespan of equipment Y Switch off equipment at the end of every day and only switch on when required the following day Enable printer standby modes and print in batches where possible to allow the machine to spend more time in standby than idling Newer printers start up faster so employees are more likely to be happy about turning them off Install a plug in seven day timer to reduce the likelihood of machines being left on out of hours These can be bought for a few pounds from most DIY stores 86 Y Use the right printer for the job Print internal documents with no immediate time requirements on slower black and white machines Only use colour when absolutely necessary Encourage staff to use print preview functions for checking layout and style instead of printing Default to meet most likely demand Make it company policy to set default printing to double sided duplex Reduce the default print qual
70. erty to include another best practice document a sample questionnaire Annex 2 Since workers spend many hours in the very place we want to save energy they can often be a very important asset for improvement providing many ideas on how and where change can be made When workers feel like they are part of the solution they are more likely to take pride in participating making a programme a sustainable long lasting one This employee satisfaction can also be transmitted to an improved working environment where voices count proving to be positive on many levels A happy employee is a productive employee Compiling baseline information regarding employees will also help determine the types of training and awareness programmes that will be necessary to improve the situation ISO 50001 section 4 52 A baseline is a quantitative reference that provides a basis for comparison of energy performance ISO 50001 The WeSave device and EPLACE platform will provide information to staff and management to allow compile a baseline reference for energy use and to identify savings opportunities Staff can get engaged in energy efficiency through monitoring usage suggesting energy saving projects and monitoring the savings using the EPLACE platform For example different areas within a building could take part in an out of hours usage reduction competition and share experiences using the WeTalk platform The way you see people is the way you treat th
71. fice equipment and small power machines PCs monitors fax machines photocopiers printers fans kettles coffee makers vending machines etc typically accounts for around 1596 of total office energy consumption Office equipment also generates heat which must be removed in hot weather often by expensive air conditioning or cooling COMPUTERS AND MONITORS e Consider upgrading existing equipment Most computers can simply be upgraded with newer more energy efficient components Look into this before purchasing new equipment 67 EPLACE D3 2 First Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 PU e Explore modern alternatives Upgrade to flat screen LCD monitors to reduce monitor energy use by over two thirds old monitors use up to 85W These screens emit less radiation than standard monitors and there are also obvious space advantages e Consider using laptops They have been developed to be as energy efficient as possible because of their usage patterns Using laptops and docking ports can maintain familiar desktop arrangements of mouse keyboard and monitor combinations and increase workspace flexibility e Match the computer to the task Bear in mind current and predicted business requirements and purchase equipment that meets these High spec PCs with large screens and fast processors use more energy Remember different staff roles will have different requirements so specify accordingly Take running costs into accou
72. g tips to follow in the kitchen Y Defrost items by placing them for a few hours in the refrigerator avoiding doing it by running water over the item Y Cooking equipment and pots should adequately fit the burner flame Y Cover pots casseroles and pans Y Turn off heat producing appliances electric pots grills etc before finishing using them to make use of residual heat Y Have a system to detect and fix water leaks quickly v Plan the kitchen by creating hot and cold areas so heat is not transferred to refrigerating units Y Ensure there is space behind appliances for air to circulate DISHWASHER Y Scrape food scraps off plates no pre rinsing is necessary Y Use the dishwashers only on full loads and use economic programmes or ones with low temperatures 93 Y Usethe energy savings cycle when possible Y Say no to heat Let the dishes air dry or use the no heat air dry feature Skipping the heat drying cycle can save energy Y Usethe dishwasher Washing by hand uses more water than a dishwasher Y Optimise the space but make sure water circulates adequately REFRIGERATORS Y Hot items should not be placed in refrigerators nor should refrigerator or freezer doors be left open without need Y Avoid ice build up or condensation in the refrigerator units Y Maintain an appropriate temperature Maintain your refrigerator just below 4 C Y Position the refrigerator in a cool spot Keep the refrigerator away from a heat
73. g with position and role they fill POSITION ENERGY BASELINE There are several ways of expressing the energy baseline It can be shown with broad strokes or can be very detailed The auditor or ESCO should have information regarding the baseline established from the audit that he or she can provide One example is presenting the data by fuel type ENERGY FUEL TOTAL ANNUAL TOTAL ANNUAL COST RESOURCE CONSUMPTION Electricity Natural gas Biomass This data can also be presented in percentages in a pie chart and annual cost in a line graph Another way of showing data is by breaking it down by end use types Here is a list of examples of areas of end use However the list does not have to be so detailed 61 EPLACE Contract Number 325182 End use Units number Number of hours week Laptops Desktops with monitor Servers Small printers Multifunction printers Photo copier Ceiling fans Split air conditioner Electric heater Natural gas heater Centralised HVAC LED Halogen Compact fluorescent Candescent LCD TV Plasma TV Projector Standard TV Portable Stereo D3 2 First Best Practices Manual Characteristics 62 EPLACE D3 2 First Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 LL Refrigerator medium Refrigerator large Gas hot water heater Electric hot water heater Solar hot water heater SAVINGS PROJECTS System Annual Savings Estimated Sour
74. gress 1 Check your EPLACE account for results See the results of your building after a 6 month period What could be better 2 Fill out the building information and energy consumption sheets Annex 3 again and compare your data from the past years Did you save energy and money If not why not 3 Give building users the second questionnaire Annex 12 and see if attitudes and behaviours have changed If nothing has not changed why not What needs to be done to help further change attitudes and behaviours 4 Review timelines Are the tasks set out to do being accomplished on time 5 Check goals 34 EPLACE D3 2 First Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 PU Are the goals that were set at the planning stage being reached 6 Reward hard work and achievements It is important that efforts are recognised Acknowledging behavioural changes in the workplace can motivate employees to keep going see Annex 10 The EPLACE platform and WeSave device will allow EnPls Energy Performance Indicators to be routinely monitored to check on energy performance against the planned targets Savings are sustained by continuously checking use and improved performance improves staff motivation and leads to further and deeper energy savings 4 4 ACT Adjust it change it and do it Come on and own your plan to make it suite to your needs So modify mould it into what you need and ait implement the plan with your
75. h Board of Agreement provides this service see Annex 9 Choosing an Installer Building envelope The building envelop is the outer shell of your building Ensuring the insulation is in good condition and that there are not air leaks in your building See the tip sheet in Annex 9 to get started Windows 25 EPLACE D3 2 First Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 PU Of all the components in a building it is through the windows that most heat is lost This is because glass allows heat to escape more readily than most other building materials For example given the same area of wall and window the window will allow up to eight times more heat to escape For this reason it is important that your windows are as efficient as possible While standard double glazing is a great improvement over single even more advanced glazing systems are now available on the market at affordable prices Two examples include gas filled double glazing and low emissivity glazing In gas filled double glazing the cavity between the two panes of glass is filled with an inert gas usually argon which conducts less heat than air therefore improving the window s energy efficiency Replacing windows is generally expensive and is usually only worth it if the windows are draughty and single glazed You should ensure that new windows have as low a u value as your budget allows good quality double glazing will give a u value of 1 1 5 The window sho
76. he ceiling may be slightly cheaper in the beginning but it neglects a large surface area that can ultimately affect the entire building Insulating the perimeter and floor of the basement not only creates a usable space but also helps further insulate the entire building While you have the installers there who are the bulk of the cost spend the minimal extra money on insulating the entire space TYPES OF INSULATION e Batts and blankets e Spray foam e Loose fill insulation Rigid foam gt e Dense pack insulation e v Do not compress the insulation it reduces its value Y Ensure a snug fit Y Avoid gaps Y Keepitdry Ask for guidance from a professional to choose the best insulation according to e Climate e Health risks Availability e Local codes e Practicality e Durability e Cost e Fire resistance e Suitability e Sound control Building science air humidity e Recycled content recyclability e Global warming potential e Embodied energy e Ozone depletion potential Source The Homeowner s Energy Handbook Paul Scheckel 2013 115 A true story A man who owned a lorry company began to suspect that one of his drivers was stealing fuel from him He began to compare the two drivers who travelled an identical route One was spending almost a third more of what the other had spent on fuel Before accusing his employee falsely he carried out a careful inspection and he realised there was no double handed driver
77. hen I remember On an occasion No It s not my priority LN MN No Honestly it just doesn t occur to me 45 EPLACE D3 2 First Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 PU 7 Will you use these energy saving methods at home Yes As much as can Yes When I remember On an occasion No It s not my priority O O LJ DJ No Honestly it just doesn t occur to me 8 Are you interested in getting involved in the company s energy savings programme Ll l d take an active roll I d help out if can E l Il do what is asked but I cannot do much else have enough to do thank you Indifferent 46 EPLACE D3 2 First Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 PU The opinions of the employees are an important source of information on how to improve our energy practices Please detail any ideas you may have on how we can save energy and what would motivate you to save Thank you for your time to care about our company 47 EPLACE Contract Number 325182 Questionnaire 2 After trial period of 6 months Dear Employee D3 2 First Best Practices Manual PU Once again we ask for your assistance in our energy programme The programme has now been in place for some months and we would like your opinion on how it is going Please take a few minutes to tell us what you think 1 Has the overall attitude in the work place changed
78. hen absolutely necessary Use high volume machines for large jobs but if high volumes of small copying jobs are more common use low volume fast response machines with low melting point inks Y Set default copying to double sided and ask staff to think carefully about the number of copies actually required so as to save on energy paper and waste disposal costs FAX MACHINES Y Because fax machines will be in standby mode for most of the day it is a good idea to choose a machine with the lowest standby energy use Some machines have a buffer which allows them to store 87 messages and print them all at the same time which will increase the time that the machine is in standby Y Operating options Choose a machine with a toner or ink saving option often called draft mode Ensure machines can scan double sided pages Y Emails are cheaper and save more energy than sending a fax If a fax is really necessary then consider sending it electronically There are many software options enabling faxes to be written and sent via a PC Ask your IT department look on the internet or consult your PC user manual for more information v If faxes are rarely received outside office hours and your machine has a buffer it may be possible to switch it off out of hours If in doubt check with the equipment supplier or manufacturer Y fthere is more than one fax machine in the office you can leave only one switched on and divert all calls to that
79. hen possible Report and fix maintenance problems immediately HEATING AND COOLING During winter months keep the temperature between 19 and 219 C Review and maintain pumps and equipment Maintain filters clean Purchase Energy Star equipment KITCHEN Refrigerator Maintain the back of the refrigerator clean and well ventilated e Defrost the freezer before there is a 3mm thick ice layer e Inspect the rubber seal on the refrigerator e Donot place hot items in the refrigerator or freezer 112 e The refrigerator should be at 5 and the freezer at 18 C e Try not to open the door too often and close it quickly Cooking e Use microwave when possible e Avoid opening the oven when it is on and insure that it is well closed e Use the pressure pot when possible e Use residual heat to finish cooking Shut off the stove and oven 5 minutes before finished time e Cover pots and pans while cooking to take advantage of the heat e Use convection ovens Washing e Rinse with cold water e Use the dishwasher e Use the dishwasher only when it is completely full and load according the the manufacturer e Use economy and short programmes when possible e Choose an energy star rated washer Hot water e Turn off hot water systems when the centre is closed e The temperature should be set no higher than 40 C e Use gas to heat the water when possible 113 Tip sheet for Building envelop and technical features Upgrades c
80. hen possible v Install light dimmers to control light intensity Y Substitute incandescent lights and compact fluorescents for LED lights You can save up to 8096 of the energy Y Use sensors in areas not always occupied and in hallways and stairways Y Take advantage of natural light and use light colours to paint the walls and ceilings 91 Instruct employees on turning off electronic devices that could otherwise be left on Keep lamps and screens as well as windows clean to increase lighting Use LED solar lights for exterior areas Advise cleaning staff to shut off lights when finished work S N INCANDESCENT HALIDE METAL HALOGEN AND LED Y All these technologies should be installed with sensors to minimize as much as possible starting time and reduce costs COMPACT FLUORESCENT BULB LIGHT TUBE HIGH PREASURE SODIUM VAPOR LOW PRESSURE SODIUM VAPOR AND MERCURY VAPOR Y Sensors are not possible Y Minimize their use or change to LED REPLACE FLUORESCENT T8 TUBES WITH LED It s easy to replace T8 fluorescent tube for a T8 LED tube all you need to do is remove the ballast and then plug the new light directly into the main current This can prove to be the most profitable option to change Y Depending on the duration of its use you can see paybacks in less of two years Y A traditional T8 of 120 cm consumes 36W with the ballast they consume 48 W A similar T8 LED tube of 120 cm consumes only 18W 37 5 96 less VISUAL
81. here must be a gas sensor installed so that in case of gas leakage it will automatically stop the feeding of fuel to the burner and performs an audio alert Maintenance of such appliances is very low but it is highly recommended to perform one technical inspection yearly In some EU member states the annual technical inspection is compulsory Tips Y A gas controller must be compulsory installed in order to watch for gas leakage inside premises Y At least once in a month you should inspect the condition of gas connections to the unit Y The unit must be installed away from heating appliances Y When installing the unit take into account it should not be exposed to direct sunlight Y Itshould be installed in premises with natural or mechanical ventilation ELECTRIC The good electric appliances for hot water preparation have efficiency over 9896 They have fully automated process control cathode protection against lime scale and a very good heat insulation which allows for storage of hot water up to 48 hours without additional energy consumption A device which has to protect user against electric shock is installed compulsory Their lifecycle is at least 15 years and they do not require maintenance within that ME CE NON INL TY M AAN period Tips v Install RCD fault current protection device on the power lines Y Check regularly the condition of the protection against excessive high pre
82. ider the following e Assess the heat load and the suitability of solar panels and the approximate size required e Check that all items of the equipment system are CE marked e Check performance as per relevant test standards and certification to Solar Keymark or similar schemes 81 EPLACE D3 2 First Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 PU Check operating and maintenance manuals ENERGY SAVING EQUIPMENT The following is equipment that should have special consideration and can save energy in a building overtime INSULATION Insulation of walls floors ceilings pipes and pieces of equipment are essential to reducing energy costs through heating Many types can be used depending on the location and gt applications available The types include Mineral Rock Sheep e Wool Polystyrene slabs Cellulose fibre and Multi Layered foil Upon installation we must consider the space available and select a type which will give the required Thermal Resistivity from the maximum thickness available Techniques of installation can vary depending on whether it is a new build or a retrofit In both cases the installation is always considered to be an investment The payback is reflected in the drastic reduction in the use of heating equipment in a given building As with all installations the workmanship should be to the highest standard coupled with approved and CE certified products to ensure the effectiveness of the insulati
83. idling Keeping the engine running without moving is especially wasteful in larger vehicles Allow for time to get there Having enough time will allow you to slow down and drive sensibly 117 Drive during off peak hours If you have flexibility plan your trip when the traffic volume is lowest Use the engine s sweet spot the speed at which fuel economy is at its best This is often indicated in the vehicle manual as the optimal engine performance and is expressed in rpm If it is not available or the vehicle is not equipped with a cyclometer attentive drivers can hear and feel when the engine is functioning with least effort Carefully park at the end of the day Park in a way to avoid early morning maneuvering with cold engine this wastes fuel because cold engines consume much more fuel than warm engines Use biodiesel All diesel engines can run on 10096 biodiesel though it is typically sold in lower level blends of 296 596 or 2096 In theory adding biodiesel is cheaper however can reduce fuel economy power and torque since it has a lower calorific value than petrol based diesel ALTERNATIVES Perhaps the cheapest most relaxing and fastest way is by train Investigate other options to get from point A to B such as v v u Ue Be 78S SS 058 Public transport conventional Green environmental friendly transport using hybrid electric and bioethanol engine Ferry transport Carpooling Biking Walking Ride
84. ight size Refrigerators with freezers on top use 10 to 25 96 less energy than a side by side model of equivalent size e Multiple refrigerators A larger refrigerator usually needs more energy to run However two small refrigerators use more energy than one larger one e Skip the ice maker Not only are they more expensive they can use 14 20 more energy 76 EPLACE D3 2 First Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 PU HOT WATER Gas There are two ways for hot water preparation with natural gas The first way is through heating boilers i e the preparation of hot water is combined with heating the premises The major problem in that case is the inefficient operation of boilers during summer season when only hot water is required operation out of the A heating season When boilers have large capacities their usage during such season is even impossible because that kind of boilers have limitation on minimal load e Buy individual gas fueled boilers The second and more efficient way is through individual gas fueled boilers This way of hot water preparation is much better in terms of energy efficiency and functionality The contemporary boilers of that type are fully automated heat insulated with polyurethane which allows for continuous storage of hot water without additional energy Normally the efficiency of those boilers is over 90 ELECTRIC e The contemporary electric boilers have a full electronic process
85. ing The tools of EPLACE the Intelligent Energy Saving Account IESA WeLight WeSave and WeTalk will also help you get started in identifying where changes need to be made and will offer support in efforts The IESA is an online platform that gathers and analyses results and offers recommendations It is composed of e Advisory tool e Pumps check e Heat protection e Solar Check e Cooling check WeSave is a smart energy monitoring and control system that follows a building s energy use WeLight is a smart system that follows the energy of exterior lighting Smart meters are instruments that are Self Monitoring Analysis and Reporting Technology WeTalk is a collaborative platform and social network to provide support to participants 14 EPLACE D3 2 First Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 PU 4 1 1 Who Committed top management and employees with a voice The level of commitment from top management s or its equivalent is key to a successful programme They have the responsibility to commit to support the programme and improve its effectiveness ISO 50001 4 If there is no commitment from the top you can be certain there will be no action from the middle down Too many times we hear phrases like The boss doesn t care Why should care or It will all change next month Commitment needs to be shown in writing as well as demonstrated in actions As an example of best practice you will find a w
86. ion and refinement of Energy Performance Indicators However the most important indicators used to define and compare buildings in the EPLACE project are the following 27 EPLACE D3 2 First Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 PU EnPIs Overall specific energy use kWh m week or month this will allow ongoing monitoring of performance but will require adjustment for independent variables such as weather heating degree days Electricity use for lighting kWh m year week day Energy use for cooling kWh m CDD Electricity use for engineering services kWh m year week day Heat and cooling degree days should be considered in these calculations A degree day is a unit used to relate the day s temperature to the energy demands of air conditioning or heating DEFINE STRENGTHS WEAKNESSES OPPORTUNITIES AND THREATS What are the benefits and roadblocks to achieving project goals Before you can establish your action plan a SWOT analysis can be very helpful This simple analysis method helps to establish the Strengths and Weakness Opportunities and Threats of any project Being realistic from the beginning can help solve problems before they arise and take advantage of strengths amplifying their success Everyone wants to be appreciated so if you appreciate someone don t keep it secret Mary Kay Ash 28 EPLACE D3 2 First Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 PU An example of a SWOT an
87. is lower Keep intake grates clear of debris Clogged drains require the pump to work harder To obtain maximum filtration and energy efficiency clean your filter regularly New variable drive pool pumps slash utility costs Raising the water temperature just 1 can costs an additional 10 3096 Use LED or solar powered lighting BATHROOMS Use cold water when possible Use water saving devices in faucets and toilets Report and fix leaks as soon as possible Unplug devices when not in use 107 Do not set the temperature above 40 C Adjust the temperature of the radiators with thermostatic valves only when you use the bathroom LAUNDRY When possible and sanitary wash with cold water Always wash with a full load Wash the filter often Line dry when possible Purchase energy star equipment with A ratings or higher Look for washers with high centrifuging capacity LIGHTING Use natural light when possible Review each area and its lighting needs Perhaps timers or sensors can be installed instead of having the light on continually Maintain lights and lamps clean Shut lights off when you are the last to leave the room Stickers are helpful to remind others to do the same Do not use decorative lighting on the interior or exterior of the building Use led when possible Use fluorescent lamps and compact fluorescent lamps with electronic ballast when replacing lamps with electromechanical ballast Report and fix maintenance
88. ity for internal documents and draft outputs to increase print speeds and reduce toner use Decrease print margins to minimise paper use Raise awareness Keep staff informed of the energy that printers use Encourage them to question their printing habits such as printing unnecessary documents and forgetting to collect them from the printer Staff should be made aware of the amount of paper used each month and encouraged or incentivised to reduce this Laser printers use the same technology and consume similar amounts of energy as photocopiers You can achieve savings by Y Printing in batches to reduce the time printers are idling Y Turning the printer off when it is not in use Y Ink jets use less A laser printer in sleep mode could use double the energy of a similar specification inkjet printer Y Energy efficient printers can drop to 15 45 Watts or less in standby mode depending on type and specification PHOTOCOPIERS Y Allocate responsibility for switching off machines to one person to ensure this is carried out at the end of each day Y Consider installing plug in seven day timers to automatically switch off photocopiers out of office hours and reduce costs Maximise standby savings Always ensure standby features are enabled Try to encourage staff to copy in batches where possible to allow the machine to spend more time in standby than idling Match the copier to the job Y Stick to black and white copiers and only use colour w
89. ive if the air outside is cooler than the air inside usually during the early morning and evening hours x Turning the thermostat up or down will cool or heat the space quicker FALSE Furnaces and air conditioners will acclimate a space at the same rate no matter how high you have set the temperature It is best to set your thermostat at the desired temperature from the beginning avoiding losing energy in modifying the temperature in the end Leaving a computer on is more energy efficient than turning it on and off FALSE It was always thought that turning your computer off and on would create additional wear on the device This advice is yesterday s news Computers nowadays are tougher and switching them off when not in use is now the preferred practice 133 ANNEX 11 EPLACE CASE STUDIES Best Practices and Behaviors lreland Spain and Bulgaria 134 IRELAND CASE STUDY TALLAGHT LIBRARY SOUTH DUBLIN COUNTY CIVIC OFFICES DUBLIN 24 The energy audit carried out as part of the EPLACE Project identified preliminary opportunities for energy saving The installation of the WeSave monitoring equipment Best practice or will assist in further behaviour identifying energy saving opportunities through improved user behaviour Best practice in staff energy management and awareness will be incorporated into training provided to the building manager and staff as part of the EPLACE project SITE INFORMATION Fingl
90. just poor driving habits an old lorry and differences in vehicle maintenance A simple course on good driving practices and tips on lorry maintenance could save him thousands per year Here are some ways to keep your fuel use down and save on costs CHOOSE YOUR VEHICLE Y Donot select a vehicle that is larger than you really need Y Get a vehicle with cruise control Maintained and controlled speed can save fuel Look for a vehicle with the overdrive option Compare fuel economy between different vehicles Consider an electric or hybrid vehicle A Se 0X If you are 1 or 2 people and do not have baggage consider a motor cycle or scooter MAINTENANCE Keeping your engine properly tuned can improve fuel efficiency by 496 Fixing a faulty oxygen sensor can improve efficiency up to 4096 Maintaining your tyres inflated to the recommended pressure can save 3 396 A tyre can decrease its efficiency by 0 396 for each psi it is under inflated Properly inflated tyres are also safer and last longer Look for the ideal tyre pressure on the sticker in the door jamb located on the driver s side and do not use the one printed on the tyre 116 The use of the recommended motor oil can improve gas mileage by 1 296 Check with the manufacturer s manual to know which oil best suites your engine Look for an API performance symbol that indicates Energy Conserving to be sure it contains friction reducing additives Change fuel filters
91. l also introduce them to WeSave and how to read the data so they can continue to monitor the energy after the life of the project Information days will take place in the next few months that will educate the staff as to why and how we need to save energy Declan McCormac CODEMA Temple Bar Dublin 2 353 17079818 dec mccormac codema ie 137 IRELAND CASE STUDY TALLAGHT LIBRARY SOUTH DUBLIN COUNTY CIVIC OFFICES DUBLIN 24 The energy audit carried out as X part of the EPLACE Project identified preliminary opportunities for energy saving The installation of the WeSave monitoring equipment will assist Best practice or behaviour in further identifying energy saving opportunities through improved user behaviour Best practice in staff energy management and awareness will be incorporated into training provided to the building manager and staff as part of the EPLACE project SITE INFORMATION The County Library Tallaght which reopened in April 2008 following a major refurbishment program is in the heart of the cultural quarter of the Tallaght Town Centre which includes the Civic Theatre the Big Picture and Rua Red Art Centre The County Library is a light filled spacious and customer orientated building which provides a large and up to date Gerais book stock free state of the art computer faculties self loman service terminals printing and photocopying systems a digital training and a conference sui
92. ms also called biomass systems can utilized wood pellets wood chips wooden logs agriculture waste and they provide heating and hot water in the individual home and large buildings Biomass system can heat many homes via central heating steam or hot water biomass boilers in thermal power plants or CHP plants A boiler burns logs pellets and chips is connected to the central heating system and DHW system can significant reduce the energy costs compared to electricity natural gas and diesel oil e Individual biomass systems for hot water preparation are being used only when large quantities of hot water are needed for example at industrial sites In all other situations these boilers are combined with space heating The contemporary systems of that kind are fully automated they have very good insulation and efficiency above 90 PRODUCTION OF ENERGY Although not all options are a perfect fit for all locations and building needs here are some energy production systems that should be considered COMBINED HEAT AND POWER CHP Combined Heat and Power or CHP as it is more commonly referred to is the simultaneous generation of usable heat and power usually electricity in a single process In other words it utilises the heat produced in electricity generation rather than releasing it wastefully into the atmosphere CHP is sometimes referred to as co generation or cogen On balance co generation can result in savings of up to 5o per cent
93. n or building improvement 30 EPLACE D3 2 First Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 PU DEFINE PHASES OF BUILDING UPGRADES After completing the SWOT analysis and change behaviours is addressed building upgrades can be planned The Energy Star Building Upgrade Manual establishes the following stages of the integrated upgrade approach 1 Retro commissioning First and foremost we must determine the problems in the overall building Retro commissioning aims to improve the way the equipment and the systems of a building function Retro commissioning seeks to solve problems in the original structure or issues that have arisen over time to enhance overall building performance Retro commissioning is commonly performed by professionals like ESCOs The EPLACE services IESA WeSave WeLight WeTalk will also help establish the improvements 2 Lighting Lighting often consumes close to 3596 of the electricity in buildings and can be a good place to start Lighting that can produce or reduce heat can also affect other systems in the building like heating and air conditioning Since it is an important building block it should be considered at the beginning of any project 3 Supplemental load reductions Supplemental loads are those loads produced secondary to the real need for energy consumption The sources for supplemental loads are people computers lights and the building itself For example a person who leaves their
94. nes etc Baseline data on energy and environmental performance will be established after the installation of the WeSave Gerardo Romero Le n AV Del Conocimiento s n 18016 Granada Spain 34671569627 www consorciofernandodelosrios es 143 Best practice or behaviour General information SPAIN CASE STUDY CITY TOWNHALL CARTAYA HUELVA There are currently no defined guidelines of good practices but there are some that have been implemented Y Turning off lights in unused areas Y Reduce the conditioned air consume SITE INFORMATION The building is a four storey building basement two floors and an attic The ground floor houses are the Department of Citizen Services and Economic Department The Municipal Police is situated inside with independent access from the street The second floor houses are located the political bodies Hall Secretariat Council Chamber Committee on 144 Building characteristics Building consumption Behaviours and practices prior to project Behaviours that will have been be changed Government Legal Services and Public Relations room In the basement is located the area of Planning Construction and Services And in the Attic the IT Department The Staff is about 14 persons and the number of users is about 6 000 people year Number of buildings number 1 Completed 2006 Total Floor area m 1666 50 m2 Total number of users number Capacity
95. nlight You should consider carefully the economics of energy generated from photovoltaic systems In some cases they are employed to promote an environmentally conscious image Normally the panels are connected in to a building s utility supply at the distribution panel At night all power for the building is taken from the utility mains supply but during daylight hours the Photovoltaics can supply a contribution of the power requirements Buildings with large roof areas such as hospitals shopping centres and some industrial facilities can accommodate many panels to power their high electricity needs Typical payback periods will depend on the type of construction used for the modules electricity costs and will generally be greater than 10 years On the other hand the savings will be dependent on the size and application of the system Points to note e Installations often require planning permission from the local authorities The angle of the panels relative to the sun will determine the effectiveness of the system 80 EPLACE D3 2 First Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 PU e Studies and installations should be carried out by qualified personnel BIOMASS Biomass boilers provide an efficient automated method of generating hot water steam and other heat transporting fluids using carbon neutral biomass as the fuel source The term Biomass can include Short Rotation Forestry Energy Crops Wood Wastes Agricultural Ind
96. ns instead building manager checks after work to ensure electric devices are switched off usage of shutters and awnings during 150 Energy saving measures Energy and Environmental Performance Contact information hot summer days reduce the use of hot water as much as possible try to avoid the use of individual electric heaters during cold winter months as much as possible open windows during winter mornings for 5 minutes in order to aerate interior air Installation of new energy efficient exterior windows 408 m2 This will up led to a reduction U value from 3 25 to 1 80 W m2 K Energy consumption for heating will be reduced by 17 842 kWh 24 Energy savings 17 842 kWh y CO2 savings 34 3 ton y Energy Cost savings 1 625 32 y Success will be monitored by measuring the monthly energy consumption after implementation of measures and comparisons with the consumption before Benchmarks were established and changes will be monitored through constant monitoring of energy consumption Address 80 Bulgaria boul Septemvri City 4490 Bulgaria Person of contact Galina Dishkova Email g dishkova septemvri org Website www septemvri org 151 BULGARIA CASE STUDY ADMINISTRATIVE BUILDING OF THE MUNICIPALITY OF SEPTEMVRI MASSIVE BUILDING SEPTEMVRI CITY PAZARDZHIK DISTRICT Thermal insulation of the building envelope includes BESPDIBCHEE or perawan Y thermal insulation of external walls Y th
97. nsists you will lose an important discount These are high pressure selling techniques that should spring an alarm that perhaps this installer is not the most reliable Getting started 1 Find installers close by Websites for your country Ireland www seai ie http www seai ie Renewables Renewable_Installers_Register https hes seai ie GrantProcess ContractorSearch aspx Spain www agenciaandaluzadelaenergia es empresas subvenciones empresas autorizadas Bulgaria www nisbg org about en aspx 103 Training courses for installers of small scale renewable energy systems in buildings http www resinstaller eu bg http www spqe bg com index2 php lang en amp mainB 3 amp subB 1 amp file en projects Instalers Engl ph 2 Compile a list 3 Get at least three estimates However remember that just because it is cheaper does not mean you are getting the best deal 4 Run through the following questionnaire checklist to compare your selected candidates QUESTION INSTALLERS COMMENTS COST BREAKDOWN How the size of the equipment was calculated for your needs Explains clearly necessary information and operating instructions Explains in full all calculations feed in tariffs or incentive programme benefits Explains how you should maintain the system They have presented a clear estimate of how much the system will save or produce energy heat as well as your current requirements They have indic
98. nt Always compare equipment running and standby costs and insist that products have an energy label PRINTERS Energy consumed by printers varies widely but in general the faster the print speed and the higher the print quality the greater energy consumption e Purchase for your requirements As laser printers are often the highest energy users both in active and standby modes consider a high specification inkjet printer Although they are slower inkjet printers use less energy in standby and print modes and the print quality is usually just as good Some businesses use lower specification printers like inkjets for internal documents Those labeled low energy printers on the network can encourage staff to select these for day to day use This could be made company policy or set as the default Look for lower operating consumption For regular printing purchase a machine with the lowest operating consumption as it is unlikely to be idle for long enough to go into standby Select a printer with the lowest standby consumption for occasional printing and where usage fluctuates consider a machine with multiple standby steps so it can enter a higher level of standby between uses 68 EPLACE D3 2 First Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 PU e Consider printer functions When buying new equipment ensure printers have options for duplex printing reducing print quality and using lower melting point inks PHOTOCOPIERS
99. o remind others to do the same e Donotuse decorative lighting on the interior or exterior of the building e Use led when possible e Report and fix maintenance problems immediately HEATING AND COOLING e During winter months keep the temperature between 19 and 21 C e Review and maintain pumps and equipment Maintain filters clean e Purchase Energy Star equipment KITCHEN Refrigerator Maintain the back of the refrigerator clean and well ventilated e Defrost the freezer before there is a 3mm thick ice layer e Inspect the rubber seal on the refrigerator e Donot place hot items in the refrigerator or freezer e The refrigerator should be at 5 and the freezer at 18 C e Try not to open the door too often and close it quickly 128 Cooking e Use microwave when possible e Avoid opening the oven when it is on and insure that it is well closed e Use the pressure pot when possible e Use residual heat to finish cooking Shut off the stove and oven 5 minutes before finished time e Cover pots and pans while cooking to take advantage of the heat e Use convection ovens Washing e Rinse with cold water e Use the dishwasher e Use the dishwasher only when it is completely full and load according the the manufacturer e Use economy and short programmes when possible e Choose an energy star rated washer Hot water e Turn off hot water systems when the centre is closed e The temperature should be set no higher than 40
100. oing it by running water over the item Cooking equipment and pots should adequately fit the burner flame Cover pots casseroles and pans Turn off heat producing appliances electric pots grills etc before finishing using them to make use of residual heat Keep ovens grills and stoves clean Keep oven doors well closed and reduce the temperatures of preheating Use the dishwashers only on full loads and use economic programs or ones with low temperatures Hot items should not be placed in refrigerators nor should refrigerator or freezer doors be left open without need Avoid ice build up or condensation in the refrigerator units Energy production Energy production technologies can provide a cheaper and more sustainable source of energy than conventional fossil fuelled sources They tend to involve a significant expenditure so buyers should carefully research their energy needs and suitable technologies before investing Technologies include small scale wind solar p v solar thermal biomass boilers and CHP When considering investing in any of these technologies you should consider the following Carry out a site assessment to check the energy demands and the resource and suitability for a technology What s the wind resource Is there a suitable unshaded area for solar Is the heat demand suitable for CHP or biomass boilers Check that all items of the equipment system considered are CE marked i http
101. omy mode which prevents discomfort from overheating and saves energy CENTRALISED HVAC ELECTRIC AND NATURAL GAS The best systems of that kind are operating with efficiency over 9296 and have a lifecycle of more than 10 years Their operation is fully automated Before using them a user must read and strictly follow manufacturer s instructions An annual inspection is highly recommended and it has to be performed by a professional technician Some tips when using these appliances Y The space around suction and discharge holes of the system must be free of any hindrances Y An inspection of the condition of motor and ventilation bearings must be performed at least once a year Y It is highly recommended to install an additional gas controller which has to warn should a gas leakage occur inside the premises Y When in cooling mode do not allow difference between set temperature and outer temperature to be larger than 7 oC CENTRALISED HVAC ELECTRIC ONLY The contemporary systems of that kind have three major components a chiller for cooling a thermo pump for heating and a ventilation system with recuperation recovery of energy The overall efficiency is above 9096 and the best models can almost fully recuperate energy when ventilating Their lifecycle is over 14 years and operate fully automatically They require an annual inspection to be carried out by a professional technician 90 Some tips when using these appli
102. on U Value is the measure of the rate at which heat is lost through a material As it is a measure of heat loss the lower the U Value the better So for example one square meter of a standard double glazed window will transmit about 2 5 watts of energy for each degree difference either side of the window denoted by the unit W m2K whereas a low emissivity window will do better at about 1 8 W m2K Simply put the lower the U Value the greater the effectiveness The Building Regulations require that all new buildings achieve minimum standards of energy efficiency Levels of insulation higher than those required in the Building Regulations are in many cases worthwhile since today s buildings can be expected to be occupied for 60 years or more and an energy efficient design can yield considerable savings over its lifetime When insulating you should consider the following and discuss with suppliers and contractors 82 EPLACE D3 2 First Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 PU Wall Insulation e What type of wall do have Cavity Solid brick or concrete metal frame timber frame etc This will determine what types of insulation are suitable e What type and what amount of insulation should you install to achieve the most cost effective solution e Isthere arisk of condensation e How much and what type of insulation is needed e What is the u value before and after Roof Insulation e What type of insulation is best
103. on 53 EPLACE D3 2 First Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 Building Information and Historical Energy Consumption Name of building Address Year built Hours of operation Saturday Annual total of hours EPLACE D3 2 First Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 Records of Energy Bills Electricity consumption kWh Average cost per kWh Year Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Oct Nov Dec Annual total Gas Unit Average cost per unit Year Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Oct Nov Dec Annual total Fuel specify type and unit Average cost per unit Year Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Oct Nov Dec Annual total 55 EPLACE D3 2 First Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 PU ANNEX 4 Survey of energy use 56 EPLACE D3 2 First Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 End use Units Does it have a system Observations number for energy savings Elevators Laptops Desktops with monitor Servers Small printers Multifunction printers Plotters Fax Scanner Photo copier Ceiling fans Split air conditioner Electric heater Natural gas heater Centralised HVAC LED Halogen Compact fluorescent Candescent LCD TV Plasma TV Projector Standard TV Portable Stereo Integrated Stereo Coffee machine 57 EPLACE D3 2 First Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 PU Electric Kettle Toaster Coffee urn Refrigerator small
104. on Gas ovens cost more up front but operating costs and energy use will be lower 75 EPLACE D3 2 First Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 PU BLENDERS TOASTER GRILLES There are many models so pick one that suites best your needs and follow these points e Choose a blender toaster and grill with easy cleaning The easy cleaning of the kitchen appliance will lead to reduction of energy and operational cost e Go ECO Look for appliances with an ECO label and this will also help you to reduce energy e Choose the right model Compare the technical parameters capacity and functions of the appliances before buying REFRIGERATORS The refrigerators are switched 24 hours per day weekly 7 days so it is well worth finding models that are energy efficiency Taking the right decision depends on the best cost quality ratio and ecology you will save money and reduce kilograms of carbon dioxide over the lifetime of the refrigerator New refrigerators consume 75 96 less energy than those produced in the late 1970S e Compare energy guide labels Refrigerators must have all an A A or A energy rating class However because the energy rating is based upon classification by size a smaller A rated fridge could use less energy than a larger A rated fridge You can compare the total annual energy consumption of appliance in kWh yr by looking for their installed capacity in kW displayed on the energy label Get the r
105. othing sweaters good socks before using heaters Unplug or shut off at a power strip kitchen equipment toasters microwaves etc when not in use Shut off bathroom lights upon leaving Use washable mugs instead of disposable dishware Photocopy only when necessary and print double sided Alert maintenance staff when equipment or lights are not functioning properly Use energy efficiency labels to the appliances lighting and equipment to describe the energy performance of these products At the end of the workday and before the weekend set the heating air conditioning and ventilation systems to work in sleep mode with reduced parameters or do not work 125 Maintenance and energy managers L mE NE NM NM NEM NEN NN Train and inform building users and workers on best practices and how to report problems Locate posters and stickers throughout the building as reminders Install power strips where possible so that equipment can be turned off all at once Make sure computers and other equipment switch to standby after a period of nonuse On hot days designate someone to open windows early in the morning to cool the building down before putting on the air When the heat or air is a designated staff member should perform walk through to ensure windows and doors are closed Install blinds that maximize light and minimize heat Keep windows clean for maximum light Have a designated staff member turn off lights at th
106. p to 30 kW and 2 systems which are m using wood chips for larger capacities The contemporary HVAC biomass systems are having a high efficiency more than 9096 and operate completely automatically Their controllers can be easily connected to a BMS The cleaning of container from residual ash is performed once in a week 71 EPLACE D3 2 First Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 PU LIGHTING The highest energy consumption in all types of buildings is spent in lighting However these percentages can vary greatly Usually a simple office can consume between 30 and 7o 96 of the energy in lighting The use can depend of many factors such as the climate zone type of building construction etc Industries on the other hand can consume about 10 to 30 96 of their total energy on lighting since machinery can also have a high consumption INCANDESCENT BULBS e Out of date Incandescent bulbs refer to the traditional bulbs we have used for years However these bulbs are now obsolete e Replace with LED It is easily demonstrated that a similar bulb with LED technology is the best option They save energy and money and emit less heat e Prohibited Incandescent bulbs are currently prohibited be sold to consumers COMPACT FLUORESCENT BULBS e Mercury content These lights are a second runner up to the LED we bulb but are not the best option since they contain mercury Mercury is both hazardous to the environment and human
107. r for which data is available according to a new report published today by Sustainable Energy lreland SEI To offset the carbon produced you would need 208 tree seedlings grown for 10 years according to the calculator presented on www epa gov Those are a lot of seedling If you are indeed lucky enough to have a yard can you honestly say you have planted that many trees EPLACE D3 2 First Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 PU Y Let stalk MONEY The phrase goes A penny spar d is twice got or penny saved is a penny gained depending who you ask However it all boils down to the same equation Energy savings money saved Money is undoubtedly a very good reason to start saving energy Would you throw money out the window Then why continue with an old system that isn t efficient Let s start at our desk Up to 30 96 of the energy used at our desk can be saved by changing our practices Here is a practical example to see how much we can save in just changing light bulbs Keep in mind that the price for a LED luminary is set at an elevated price and the cost for LED is continually decreasing ETE DIIS LED CFL Incandescent Light bulb projected lifespan 1 000 hours Watts per bulb equiv 60 watts 60 KWh of electricity used over 50 000 hours 350 700 3000 Cost of electricity o 10per KWh GAS 84 360 Bulbs needed for 50k hours of use 50 Equivalent 50k hours bulb expense 50 00 Total cost for
108. re are cycles of the CHP system when it exports heat and electricity this will be examined Computers and office equipment are being left on after hours the behavioral campaign will address this Overall pool shower and air temperatures will be examined to see if they can be reduced We had designed a ready to go behavioral campaign and have already implemented some of the actions this will consist of published material workshops energy days and the use of staff as energy ambassadors to help deliver actions These ambassadors will also be trained on the WeSave system Declan McCormac CODEMA Temple Bar Dublin 2 353 17079818 dec mccormac codema ie 140 SPAIN CASE STUDY CULTURAL CENTRE OF THE TOWN CARTAYA HUELVA There are currently no defined guidelines of good practices but there are some that have been implemented Best practice or behaviour Y Turning off lights in unused areas Y Reduce the conditioned air consume 141 General information Building characteristics Building consumption Behaviours and practices prior to project SITE INFORMATION The Cultural Centre of Cartaya is located in the Calle Nueva 16 CP 21450 in Cartaya Huelva Is a Facility Building for the citizens where they have access to 1 Library Archive Theatre Exhibition and conference room Municipal Academy Classroom Testing Cultural Workshops Information Offices registration management and a
109. ritten policy attached in Annex 1 Having a written policy not only shows commitment it also helps to organise a top notch programme To ensure that the policy is current and functioning to its optimum level it should be reviewed regularly and updated as necessary Great You made the leap the administrators are on board the writing of a plan is in its draft phase but now the administrator left the light on in the bathroom Three people saw it happen and the word is starting to spread quicker than light from a LED Since we expect that workers will do their best to follow best practices it is even more important that we remember to serve as a model and do the same Our character is what we do when we think no one is looking H Jackson Brown Some good points to follow are discussed in the International Standard 50003 For example it states that top management must also provide the resources needed to establish implement and maintain programmes So often we have high expectations however if we don t provide the means to achieve them it only amounts to frustration and in the end apathy 15 EPLACE D3 2 First Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 PU Giving public workers the chance to voice their opinion will provide a free consultation on energy use and will give top management the opportunity to get to better know employees Perhaps the management already is well involved with their employees however we have taken the lib
110. ry aim is to reduce 18 EPLACE D3 2 First Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 PU energy use it is also aimed at enforcing other environmental considerations including Energy E Manufacturer materials use water use polluting emissions Model waste issues and recyclability More efficient The recast Energy Labelling Directive Directive 2010 30 EU was adopted by the European Parliament and Council in May 2010 It extends the energy label to energy related products in the commercial and industrial sectors The extension of the scope from energy using to docs leroy a i ad Based on standard Tes resume energy related products including construction Mi products means that the Directive incorporates EREE la me Frozen food volume I all equipment that has any effect on the use and 3 Noise conversion of energy The products may not or oT consume energy however they may have a e nn significant direct or indirect impact on energy savings such as window glazing and outer doors Energy labelling requirements are already in force for a number of products and the Commission will adopt delegated regulations for energy labelling in parallel with the adoption of the EcoDesign regulations Y Look for Energy Star The Energy Star label represents a level that any environmentally conscious manufacturer will want to meet The Energy Star database that lets you pick the most energy efficient
111. s PCs laptops tablets etc we are bombarded with advertisements telling us that their brand has the best techno logies and we are made to think that newer is better Lease to most efficient Plasma CRT LCD and LED Logically the most efficient are the most costly LED screens are the most efficient KITCHEN There are some basic tips when purchasing kitchen appliances Buy the right size An appliance that is too big for your needs will only end up wasting energy Look for Energy Star or other energy certification Compare Energy Guide Labels Helps to determine the energy it needs to operate the appliance It also help to carry out a comparison Compare labels for products that have the similar characteristics sized and capacity ect Electricity grid capacity Pay attention to the electricity capacity of your facility based on the approved project design and calculate the new electrical capacity of buying kitchen appliances Fire risk assessment Take into consideration the fire risk of the buying kitchen appliances in function of the condition of your home electricity grid the place of installation and storage and the location of the near combustible objects DISHWASHERS Dishwashers before 1994 can use much more water than the most recent models Changi results ng out older models for newer ones can give good EPLACE D3 2 First Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 PU e As always Look for Energy S
112. s an hour heating up a room in the morning is working no harder than a boiler that spends 14 hours switched on overnight The only difference is that one is switched on for an hour and the other for 14 Repeatedly turning computers and lights on and off reduces their lifespan and wastes energy required to produce new ones FALSE Leaving computers on when not in use actually reduces their lifespan because moving parts wear out faster Lights are designed to be switched on and off many times a day without affecting their lifespan x Computer monitors use less energy when the screen saver is on FALSE LCD screens use exactly the same amount of energy whatever color they are displaying so the screensaver uses just as much energy as when you are working It is recommended that if you are leaving your desk for a meeting is to switch off your computer screen 132 x Leaving a ceiling fan on will help cool the room FALSE Fans cool people not rooms So if a ceiling fan runs in an empty room no one will feel its benefits A fan works by circulating the air in the space when the breeze moves across the skin we feel cooler even though the temperature in the room is still the same So when you leave the room save energy by turning off the ceiling fan Attic fans are a different story They can draw cooler air into the home and blow the hot air out that s trapped in the attic increase energy efficiency However attic fans are only effect
113. s natural gas has very little loss in transmission 20 EPLACE D3 2 First Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 PU Y Think long term Many savings will not be seen right away so careful attention must be taken to calculate payback periods Perhaps in the first year we will not see savings but in the second and third years we will see spectacular results Y Think of how long that item had to travel We got a great deal on some led lights but we failed to look where they were made They travelled the seven seas then by across Siberia by rail by truck and then in our own cars to make it to our office Meanwhile if we had looked a bit further we would have found the same priced led from a wy factory in our own country that would have needed one third of the energy to be transported Y Could you buy it locally or nationally We have heard the phrase over and over Act locally think globally Buying local stimulates our country s market for energy efficient products feeds our economy and reduces energy in transporting products A list of national Energy Efficiency Resources can be found in the annexes of the EPLACE deliverable D3 5 Guide to Energy and RES Services In addition we have provided a Tip sheet for buyers of energy efficient technology This document provides specific information on what to look for when buying appliances or other products Annex 6 Y Choosing an installer A university professor
114. sleep modes when not in use e What has been done Lighting e Example All lights are switched off at 9 30pm unless there are staff working in that particular area e What has been done Computers and IT e Computers have a standard energy saving image that enforces screensavers and sleep mode in the most energy efficient way possible screensavers start after 5 minutes inactivity screens enter sleep mode after 15 minutes inactivity computers sleep after 30 minutes inactivity e What has been done GOALS AND TIME FRAMES Medium term Examples include Implement all practical cost effective energy efficiency measures Identify further opportunities to make more efficient use of energy and water e Provide regular management reports on cost consumption performance changes and improvements e Educate building users on best practices e Motivate all site users to avoid waste and use energy more efficiently and encourage staff to suggest new ideas for improving energy efficiency Long term Examples include e Give high priority to energy efficiency investments Increase our investment in clean efficient technologies 40 EPLACE D3 2 First Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 PU Energy Management team e Name and responsibility e Name and responsibility e Name and responsibility SENEC What we have already accomplished This is to be added once you have gotten started to show improvement It can inclu
115. ssure of water inside the unit Y Check regularly the condition of all electrical connections Y Check regularly the condition of connections between the unit and the water mains Y Unplug the power plug when appliance is not used for an extended period of time SOLAR The contemporary solar panels for hot water preparation are vacuum tube with glass resistant surface layer This technology ensures very low heat losses and the highest possible ratio of transformation of solar radiation into heat energy The heating fluid must be antifreeze The 95 process control is automated They require periodical dust cleaning of the panels glass surface Their lifecycle is 15 years and manvfacturer s instructions must be strictly followed Tips Y Check regularly and if necessary clean the surface of solar panels Y Useonly antifreeze liquid as an energy transforming agent Y Check regularly the condition of all pipes which connect the panel with other components BIOMASS Contemporary appliances of that kind are usually using pellets which must meet the European quality standard ENplus Aa They are fully automated and have efficiency over 9096 Their routine maintenance requires cleaning of containers by wood ash once in 10 14 days If manufacturer s instructions are strictly followed no specific maintenance is required in addition Their lifecycle is 10 years Tips Y Always use pellets with quality which meets the standard ENplus
116. st as a result of misguided practices Therefore the first step and the most economic solutions are found in changing behaviour and not equipment However it may be easier to change a light bulb than the practices of someone who is not on board but management can make it happen with commitment the right knowledge planning patience and a positive attitude On a small budget simple changes in light bulbs and power strips can offer a large savings over time For example a LED bulb uses one fourth of the energy an incandescent bulb uses and needs to be replaced much less As prices decrease on LED bulbs the need to change luminaries becomes more and more evident Thanks to Energy Service Companies ESCO s and other financing bodies can confront even larger retrofitting projects like changing pumps heating systems installing solar panels and appliances that can have a high initial investment but can offer many benefits economical environmental and health These changes should have a proper cost analysis prior to purchase but can be very cost effective over time ESCO s can help in determining the payback period and best options EPLACE services will also help measure where the most effective changes can be made see section 4 1 11 EPLACE D3 2 First Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 PU 4 Energy Management System So how do we get a programme started and keep it going The Energy Management System EMS puts it plain
117. tailored changes FE p D 5 M x and establish new goals bh Using the results from the checking process detailed in the previous section modify the plan Once these are determined revise the written plan and add the modifications Please communicate these changes to employees and all individuals and groups involved Unless you are in the Caribbean it is no fun for anyone on a bus en route to an unknown destination Now ACT Implement the new plan Remember to periodically revise the plan again to make sure technology has not improved or become outdated or remediate small problems that may arise over time In the case of EPLACE we recommend that every 6 months this cycle is completed You may have to fight a battle more than once to win it Margaret Thatcher 35 EPLACE D3 2 First Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 5 What are the others doing PU Best practices summaries from EPLACE pilot sites have been included in Annex 11 In this manual the 1 of three you can see the progress being made and the lessons being learned These EPLACE pilot sites include au Ireland Dublin Tallaght Library FINGLAS leisure Center i Bulgaria Septemvri Administrative building of the Municipality of Septemvri Medical Centre fem Spain Cartaya City Council Cultural Centre of the Town Guadalinfo Telecentre See Annex 11 for details 36 EPLACE D3 2 First Best Practices M
118. tar compare energy labels for like products and buy the size right for your needs e Select a dishwasher rated the best in class for energy efficiency spin efficiency and wash performance e Choose the right size Establish your actual use before purchasing then match the model to your use e Choose a dishwasher with several wash cycle options Having a choice of cycles can save you energy The slightly soiled dishes can sometimes just need a short cycle to get cleaned e Go ECO Look for machines with an ECO button that can also help reduce energy and water use e Technology to look for Look for appliances that offer o Soilsensors detect cleaning level o Water filtration allows efficient use of detergent to better remove food residuals Efficient jets use less energy need to distribute detergent Adjustable racks to take better advantage of space MICROWAVES OVENS AND STOVES Microwaves use up to 8096 less energy than a conventional oven If in a warm climate or during summer months microwaves also can save on air conditioning since they do not produce heat like an oven e There is no Energy Star rating for domestic microwaves ovens or stoves e For commercial ovens look for the Energy Star Label Look for the Energy Guide label The label will help to compare similar models and estimate the annual operating costs e Choose the right size Estimate the use and volume you will need before buying e Choose gas ovens over convecti
119. te a teen zone a children s library and a local studies area a download zone where customers can download audio books directly to their mp3 player or iPod from the on line service and assistive technologies for people who have visual or reading difficulties The County Library delivers open and welcoming access to leisure information and educational opportunities 138 The library was refurbished in 2008 It extends to 2 550 m over three floors The levels of insulation in the building fabric Building are quite good with a weighted average u value of o 59 characteristics W m K The lighting in the building is a combination of fluorescent T8 fittings LED downlights halogen lamps and metal halide spotlights The heating in this building is supplied by gas boilers situated in the main SDCC building which supply the heating demand to the whole campus Electricity is used for lighting public access PCs the air handling unit for the library and general office equipment Building The energy supply to the building is from the entire South consumption Dublin Co Co campus and is not separately metered There is therefore no historic energy use data The WeSave will provide baseline data when installed From temporary measurement it is estimated that there is an annual electricity use of over 200 MWh and a nigh time baseload of 10 kW Lighting within the building is a significant energy user and is Behaviours and controlled
120. ter thermostats to 49 C Beware of energy vampires These are devices that although they are turned off are still plugged in Do not be fooled they are still using small amounts of energy that can add up to a lot of energy so make sure to unplug or turn off the circuit breaker or power strip Check that all windows and doors are closed when using cooling or heating systems Look for Energy Star and A rated products Carry out annual maintenance read instruction manuals and hire professionals for installation f and start up of equipment Lighting Install light dimmers to control light intensity Substitute incandescent lights for compact fluorescents or LED lights You can save up to 8096 of the energy EPLACE D3 2 First Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 PU Use sensors in areas not always occupied and in hallways and stairways Take advantage of natural light and use light colours to paint the walls and ceilings Instruct employees on turning off electronic devices that could otherwise be left on Keep lamps and screens as well as windows clean to increase lighting Adjust lighting to needs using spot lighting to concentrate the light only where it is needed Use LED solar lights for exterior areas Just one more reason LED lights do not have UV rays so they do not attract insects Air conditioning and heating Choose appliances and systems that are energy certified by entities like
121. th blinds or curtains while you are operating the air conditioner Keep doors or windows closed tightly while you are operating the air conditioner Adjust the direction of the airflow vertically or horizontally to circulate indoor air Speed up the fan to cool or warm indoor air quickly in a short period of time SR UN US CU Open windows regularly for ventilation as the indoor air quality may deteriorate if the air conditioner is used for many hours S Unplug the power plug when conditioner is not used for an extended period of time S Do not let the air conditioner run for a long time when the humidity is very high or when a door or window has been left open Y Clean the air filter once every two weeks Dust and impurities collected in the air filter may block the air flow or weaken the cooling function Y Lifecycle of such appliance is about 10 years Y When in cooling mode the set temperature must be maximum 21C lower than outer temperature Y When in heating mode split units should not be switched off especially invertors during the entire heating season This is directly related to energy efficiency of the appliance Y Atechnical inspection must be carried out once in a year by a professional technician ELECTRIC HEATER The lifecycle of these heaters normally does not exceed 8 years They do not have any special requirements regarding technical maintenance but in order to take full advantage of them one must ensur
122. to determine the likely payback This will vary depending on feed in tariffs projected energy yield from the site assessment and the cost of the wind turbine Points to note e Installations often require planning permission from the local authorities Buildings structures and trees can create turbulence and severely affect the performance and output of wind turbines e Studies and installations should be carried out by qualified personnel 79 EPLACE D3 2 First Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 PU PHOTOVOLTAIC Photovoltaic panels are widely used internationally and as have proven to be an effective means to generate electrical energy In lreland the most efficient models are added to the Triple E list where the three Es stand for Excellence in Energy Efficiency Each piece of equipment must satisfy certain criteria to be eligible to attain the Triple E accreditation There are similar accreditation schemes in the UK for the microgeneration certification scheme MCS and for the ECA If you re thinking about getting solar p v you should e Carry out a site assessment to check the solar resource and potential shading e Check that all items of the equipment system are CE marked e Check that PV modules must comply with the relevant standards and have certified performance test reports e Check operating and maintenance manuals e Photovoltaic panels should be mounted so that they can harness winter and summer su
123. uld be certified to a relevant test standard or should have an energy label eg http www bfrc org Transport and vehicles A man who owned a lorry company began to suspect that one of his drivers was stealing fuel from him He began to compare the two drivers who travelled an identical route One was spending almost a third more of what the other had spent on fuel Before accusing his employee falsely he carried out a careful inspection and he realized there was no double handed driver just poor driving habits an old lorry and differences in vehicle maintenance A simple course on good driving practices and tips on lorry maintenance could save him thousands per year Reading through the tip sheet in Annex 9 can also help to save you money and wear and tear on your vehicle Here is a short over view Maintenance Y Tyres properly inflated Maintaining your tyres inflated is an easy task that can improve your mileage by 396 Y Use proper grade of motor oil can save 1 2 96 on gas mileage Y Replace dirty Air Filters in older cars this matter more 26 EPLACE D3 2 First Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 PU v Tune up can save up to 496 on gas mileage Driving tips Choose the right vehicle Take it easy Speeding decrease fuel economy Using the cruise control can save by maintaining a constant speed Avoid carrying unnecessary loads Losing the roof rack or items in the trunk can reduce mileage by 5 NOUS SN C
124. ur computer and the screen at lunchtime and at the end of the day If you have a space heater do you only use it when necessary Do you opt for opening a window instead of using air conditioning In the break room do you unplug microwave when finished using it Yes As much as can Yes When I remember On an occasion No It s not my priority L EJ LJ DJ No Honestly it just doesn t occur to me 50 EPLACE D3 2 First Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 PU 7 Have you changed your practice energy saving methods at home Yes As much as can C Yes When remember On an occasion No It s not my priority O O LJ DJ No Honestly it just doesn t occur to me 8 If you are not currently active would you like to get involved in the company s energy savings programme l d take an active roll I d help out if I can I ll do what is asked but I cannot do much else have enough to do thank yov Indifferent O O OOo 51 EPLACE D3 2 First Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 PU The opinions of the employees are an important to ensure the programme advances Please tell us your opinion on the current energy programme and what we can do to improve Thank you for your time to care about our company 52 EPLACE D3 2 First Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 PU ANNEX 3 Building Information and Historical Energy Consumpti
125. ust 2013 Paul Scheckel The Homeowner s Energy Handbook Storey Publishing 2013 Public Sector ICT Special Working Group 2013 Save on Energy Ontario OPA Energy Management Plan Template December 4 2012 Simon Clement et al Driving energy efficient innovation through procurement A practical guide for public authorities The SMART SPP consortium 2009 Sustainable Energy Authority of Ireland Energy Map www seai ie energymap September 2013 Sustainable Energy Authority of Ireland Guide to ICT Desktop Energy Management Sustainable Energy Authority of Ireland Media report SEI Report Shows Average Irish Household Emitting 8 1 Tonnes of CO2 17 June2008 156
126. ustrial Residues and or Sewage In Ireland the most efficient models are added to the Triple E list where the three Es stand for Excellence in Energy Efficiency Each piece of equipment must satisfy certain criteria to be eligible to attain the Triple E accreditation If you re thinking of buying a biomass boiler you should e Assess the heat load and the suitability of a biomass boiler Biomass boilers are generally more suited to more constant heat demands Evaluate fuel storage space and system requirements e Check that all items of the equipment system are CE marked e Check boiler efficiency and performance as per relevant test standards e Check operating and maintenance manuals A financial assessment based on fuels costs heat loads and boiler costs should be carried out to determine the life cycle costs relative to potential alternatives SOLAR THERMAL Solar hot water systems convert sunlight into hot water and are designed to meet a proportion of your overall hot water requirement over the year As the resource sunlight is seasonal this is this is usually 50 6096 of the annual hot water requirement but this can vary depending on economics and hot water requirements There are many different brands of solar thermal collectors on the market and many suppliers to choose from There are two main types of solar collector available on the market flat plate and evacuated tube If you are thinking about solar panels you should cons
127. valent to a new class A appliance Y Get the right size The answer is yes to the life long question Size does matter when choosing lighting heating air conditioning pumps etc It is natural to think bigger is better however in energy efficiency it can cost you some extra cash In lighting for example it isn t the quantity of light bulbs you have installed but rather the intensity of light that needs to be considered Likewise when air conditioning and heating units are being considered one must consider the volume needed to be acclimated and not just choose the cheapest or most efficient Size also matters during comparison So when comparing two appliances compare labels of similar sized products Y Use natural gas instead of electricity Switching to natural gas can cut your energy bill in half According to information from Europe s Energy Portal www energy eu energy from natural gas is often less than half the price per kWh of energy from electricity Just be sure to watch for extra fees for services from providers before making that switch You can feel good about changing to natural gas because natural gas hot water heaters can use up to 2996 less energy equating to less CO2 emissions and a little more change in your pocket Feeling good Well feel a little better because during the process of electricity production about 6096 of the total initial energy input can be lost during its production and transmission where a
128. ve the time these days to read lengthy texts about watts and volts the manual has been laid out using simple texts practical worksheets templates tip sheets and check lists Together they create a toolbox for energy savings This tool box is necessary since being informed alone on best practices will not save energy Knowledge of best practices must be accompanied by commitment an assessment of the situation great planning communication and action EPLACE D3 2 First Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 PU Here is a brief list of what EPLACE toolbox contains e Company Management Statement and Policy example Employee questionnaires example Building Information and Historical Energy consumption Tables for data collecting e Self Survey of Energy Use Tables for data collecting e Company Energy Plan Template Tip sheet for Buyers of Energy Efficient Technology also see our more extensive Energy and RES Services Guide e Tip sheet for Best Operating Practices e Energy management tools Tools for energy conservation and efficient measures in the workplace e List of creative ways to motivate staff Analysis of savings and improvements e Examples for reporting e EPLACE Case Studies Best Practices and Behaviours A note of inspiration The entire The entire nation of Cuba a country we must note has a very tight budget was able to reduce its energy needs by half over a four year period of Cu
129. wants it I ll do it It is not something that gets my engine revving Indifferent 43 EPLACE Contract Number 325182 D3 2 First Best Practices Manual PU 3 Would you say our energy use has an environmental impact Yes most definitely E Yes somewhat We have a neutral impact Not to the extent some think L L oO Indifferent 4 Would you say our energy use has an impact on company spending Yes most definitely L Yes somewhat We have a neutral impact Not to the extent some think L LH Indifferent 44 EPLACE D3 2 First Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 PU 5 Do you think the company could do more to save energy Yes A lot more Yes There are some things we can change L I think we are doing fine don t see my opinion as important Indifferent 6 Do you practice energy saving methods when at work For example Do you turn off the lights upon leaving if you are the last one in the office Do you turn off the lights in the bathroom upon leaving Do you turn off your computer and the screen at lunchtime and at the end of the day If you have a space heater do you only use it when necessary Do you opt for opening a window instead of using air conditioning In the break room do you unplug microwave when finished using it Yes As much as I can w Yes W
130. y can print at relatively high resolution on plain paper and use less energy than their laser printing equivalents e Use combined machines In smaller offices or where workloads allow it may be appropriate to purchase a combined machine that operates as a printer fax and photocopier Having only one machine switched on will significantly reduce energy consumption and reduce the amount of heat produced This will lead to a more comfortable working environment and it also has added space 69 EPLACE D3 2 First Best Practices Manual Contract Number 325182 PU advantages When considering such machines consider the average power consumption and standby consumption figures for the whole machine to ensure it will be more efficient for your business needs AIR CONDITIONING AND FANS CEILING AND DESK FANS New fan models Look for new ceiling fans models they can use 3596 less the energy compared to the ones manufactured 10 years ago They also have variable speed control from o to the maximal speed and lower noise levels Their lifecycle depends on how often they are being used but at maximum load they can operate no longer than 10 years SPLIT UNIT The contemporary appliances of that type are based on thermo pumps air air air water and water water The good models are using DC invertors heat agent Freon usually R410A but R437A is also being used and COP coefficient of performance between 3 and 4 5 depending on outer t

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