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Intelligent Switch User`s Guide

1. 2 CHAPTER 3 CONFIGURE THE SWITCH ener 3 9 T INTRODUCTION 1 seit tette eoe the LEE LE UO ea aie 3 DO JQVetVieW 1 i ee re i RU IP 3 24 Manage the Swilch 5 eil etae te rr ER d ERE es 3 3 2 CONFIGURE THE SWITCH BY CONSOLE sssseeeeeneneenenen enne 5 3 2 1 Logging on to the Intelligent Switch essen 5 3 2 2 Performing Basic Management Activities essen 7 3 2 2 1 General uie viret a edhe 7 3 2 2 2 LAN Port ness 3 2 2 3 Console Port nai aene e tee edet 8 3 2 3 Performing Advanced Management 10 3 2 3 1 L2 Switching DataBase 11 3 2 3 2 IP Networking een 19 3 2 3 3 Bridging on eo nEU ueneno 25 3 2 3 4 Static Filtering acest essen 26 3 2 3 5 Spanning Tree sssssssssssseseeeeeeen enn 27 3 2 3 6 SNMP iere LAURI eR IPS 30 3 2 3 7 Other Protocols eoe epe dete 31 3 2 3 8 QOS Setup sche eoa pacte eer ee Cr e c UY SER ee 33 3 2 3 9 File Transfet tree te eten 39 3 2 4 Other Functions in the Main Menu sse 41 3 3 CONFIGURE THE SWITCH BY WEB BROWSER 42 3 3 1 Logging to the Switch sse 42 3 3 2 Performing Basic Management Activities sees 42
2. A login screen will be prompted for user name password Users may try to ping to the switch first to confirm their network connection Password inpar Logn Legin ID imi Fasswer If the correct user name password default is admin 123456 is entered the following home page will be prompted The general system is shown in this page nu Adsrasced Dau Brie Update Siting 1 KxULRIOE 0 1 Emrdwarz Coufiguratiar j d cfcware vi D apr ib 2309 Frvirion ATA Mas Loecerica D _ TIT III Eus x Rateeir im rrrr Essar Ramcors Tairer Login 3 3 2 Performing Basic Management Activities Click Basic Setup item in the homepage The function list including General LAN Ports Console Port will be shown Users can select one of them and start the selected function These functions are the same as you do in console You may check the description in Section 3 2 2 about them 42 Basic Setup General LAN Ports Console Port 3 3 3 Performing Advanced Management Activities Click Advanced Setup item in the homepage The function list including Mac Address Management IP Networking Per Port Statistics will be shown Users can select one of them and start the selected function These functions are the same as you do in console You may check the description in Section 3 2 3 about t
3. items in this option 1 System Name The name of the system 2 Location Location of the system 3 Administration Password You have to enter the old password first before change the administration password And the system will ask user to re type the new password after the new password being entered If the new password has been confirmed by the system the Password changed message appears Please press Enter to remove the message and return to the General screen 7 Otherwise there must be something wrong in the new password entering and the new password did not take effect Please repeat this procedure to change the password 4 Guest Password Change the password of Guest account 5 Reboot On Error If it is enable in this option the Intelligent Switch will automatically reset when a fatal error is detected 6 Telnet Login Enable or disable remote Telnet logins to the Switch 7 Remote HTTP Login Enable or disable remote HTTP login function 3 2 2 2 LAN Port LAN Port Configurations Speed amp Flow Control Physical Address You can change the connection configuration on each port of the Intelligent Switch with this option 1 Speed amp Flow Control Line Speed amp Flow Control Port 1 1000M Speed Auto FC On Down Port 2 1000M Speed Auto Port 1000M Speed Auto FC On Port 4 1000M Speed Auto Port 5 1000M Speed Auto FC On Down Port 6 1000M Sp
4. 4 Set in Connect To a PC COM port through which the console and the modem are connected 5 Set the followings in COMx Properties 3 Bit per second 115200 Data bits 8 Parity bit None Stop bits 1 and Flow control None 2 Remote Management You can manage the Intelligent Switch remotely by having a remote host establish a Telnet connection to the Intelligent Switch via an Ethernet or modem link Using this management method the Intelligent Switch must have an IP address The Remote Console Management interface is identical in appearance and functionality to the Local Console Management interface described in the previous section You can manage the Intelligent Switch from remote site across a LAN using a SNMP Network Management Station b Web Browser interface c Telnet program This management method lets you monitor statistical counters and set switch parameters from the remote Network Management Station Using this management method The network must run the IP protocol The Intelligent Switch must have an IP address Here is the quick guide for IP setting 1 Complete the console connection with PC and start the terminal program 2 Assign IP address in the main operation menu Advanced Management gt IP Networking gt IP amp RIP Settings gt Select the VLAN IP Address 3 Assign gateway address in the main operation menu Advanced Management gt IP Networking gt Routing
5. filters table i e the port of the switch will always forward these packets This filter in function is binding on port If you set the MAC address learning function of the port to No MAC Learning in Port Perspective of L2 Switching Database of Advanced Management only these MAC addresses in the in filters table for the port will be forwarded by the switch Mac Address Out Filter In Filter Operation You can highlight one of these items and press Enter A MAC address table will appear a Add a MAC address Hold down the Shift key and press to add a specific MAC address to be filtered b Delete a MAC address Press to delete a specific MAC address from being filtered There is no precautionary message that appears before you delete a MAC address Therefore be sure you want to delete the address before doing so C Search a MAC address Press S to search through the list of MAC addresses in the static filtering database 26 BA E 3 2 3 5 Spanning Tree The Spanning Tree function can be used to prevent network loops or to provide backup links with another network device It can ensure that only one route exists between any two stations in the network Note Whenever any network connection configuration is changed the new connection will start to work after about 30 seconds later if spanning tree is enable That is the spanning tree re configuration time This function lets you view and change parameters relat
6. 3 3 3 Performing Advanced Management 43 3 3 4 File Transfer Reboot Logout and Save Setting 43 CHAPTER 4 SNMP AND RMON MANAGEMENT eene 44 4 1 ee o c E ce Cede eat d Cte den 44 4 2 SNMP AGENT AND MIB 2 RFC1213 sese 44 4 3 RMON MIB RFC 1757 AND BRIDGE MIB RFC 14993 45 4 3 1 RMON Group 45 4 3 2 Bridge Group Supported sse 45 5 1 CONNECTING DEVICES TO THE SWITCH cccccccececeeeeeeeeeeeeeeseseeeseseseeeseseseseeeeeers 47 5 2 CONNECTING TO ANOTHER ETHERNET SWITCH HUB NON TRUNKING 47 5 S APPLICATION p 47 CHAPTER 6 LEDS CONDITIONS 49 CHAPTER 7 ADD REMOVE MODULE ener 50 7 4 FORMOBU LARIZED MODEL 2 coldness te ett e epe 50 CHAPTER 8 FAQ iniecto eiae te cran euam o Gus a vn Luc kae Ce ace Ra 51 A PRODUCT FEATURES SPECIFICATION eene 54 B COMPLIANGES ere c oce nete hee edite ete etl e ifs aine Pee 56 C WARRANT V LC 57 Chapter 1 Introduction The Intelligent Gigabit Switch is a high performance Ethernet Fast Ethernet
7. Delay Throughput Reliability of ToS 5 ToS for Drop You can select the bit field in ToS for drop priority mapping 7 5 uses Bit 0 2 Precedence of ToS 4 2 uses Bit 3 5 Delay Throughput Reliability of ToS 34 6 WRED Drop Priority Setting WRED is the abbreviation of Weighted Random Early Detection Discard WRED is a congestion avoidance mechanism When a packet belonging to a queue for which WRED is enabled arrives some actions take place The Average Queue Size AQS is calculated If the AQS is less than the minimum WRED threshold the packet is enqueued Otherwise the packet is dropped or enqueued accordingly to the Drop Percentage of the packet within a WRED class The setting of WRED parameters can influence this behavior It is possible to set WRED parameters for each aggregate of packets Class You can define two WRED drop rates Low Drop Rate and High Drop Rate here and there are three levels for each drop rate setting tLevel 1 0 iLevel 2 25 0 Level 3 100 iLow Drop Percentage i The drop levels Level 1 and Level 2 define the packet drop rates when queue buffer usage is up to different levels depends on the QoS policy setting in Tx Queue Setting of the switch Level 3 is 100 dropping because the queue buffer is almost full W Logical Port You can configure the QoS operation of different TCP IP logical service ports in the switch with this function There are three types of logical ports c
8. a Set Learning Limit You can set a number to limit the PC number that can share this connection at the same time b Unlimited Learning You can remove the PC connecting number limit if you select this item And the PC connecting number on the port will become no limit It s the normal state of a normal switch No MAC Learning You can disable the MAC learning function on this port if you select this item The MAC addresses that can connect to this port will be assigned by the operator from the Static Filtering function The Set Learning Limit function can set a limit on the number of PC that can share this connection The No MAC Learning function can set a static Mac address table manual assigned to allow only these PC can use this connection This function allows the network administrator or the service provider to limit the users that can access network through the connected ports No MAC Learning is a static user limit function only these Mac addresses are allowed Set Learning Limit is a dynamic user number limit function any Mac addresses in the limited number are allowed to access network through the ports Note If you select Set Learning Limit on the connection port and also assign some MAC addresses on the port in the MAC Address In Filters of Static Filtering function these MAC addresses will always be allowed to use this connection and these MAC addresses are not included in the limit number of P
9. b After a new VLAN is created you can add switching ports to the VLAN in the following screen Use Shift key amp key to add a switch port to the VLAN Select Tagged or Untagged port first Then select the port number Repeat these steps to add switch ports to the VLAN To delete a switch port in the screen highlight the port and press key to remove the port from the VLAN 2 Delete a VLAN Highlight the VLAN you want to delete and press key A message will ask whether you are sure you want to delete the VLAN ID Select Yes and the VLAN will be deleted 3 View VLAN activities You can view active ports associated with a VLAN here a Highlight an existing VLAN and press Enter Then select the VLAN Activities The screen will appear VLAN 10 0x00A test Port Count 1 12 This screen shows all active ports for the VLAN you selected Active ports are those ports that have been sending frames from this VLAN to the switch 4 View or change a VLAN configuration a Highlight an existing VLAN and press Enter Then select the VLAN Settings The following screen will appear Port 4 untagged Port 5 untagged Port 6 untagged b To add ports to VLAN use Shift key amp key to add a switch port to the VLAN Select Tagged or Untagged port first Then select the port number Repeat these steps to add switch ports to the VLAN C To delete ports from VLAN highlight the port
10. gt Per Port Mac Limit gt Select Port gt Select No Mac Learning to disable Mac learning on the port 2 Press the Esc key to return to the main menu 3 Advanced Management gt Static Filtering gt Mac Address In Filter gt Select Add the MAC address of the user to the list 4 The changed setting is applied immediately In order to save the setting press the ESC key to return to the main menu and select Save Setting 51 Q4 Up down arrow keys do not work for Telnet connection and console A It is because the terminal programs cannot transmit the correct codes for the two keys In this case you may use J and K for Up and Down key respectively Q5 What is the difference between the tagged port and the untagged port in VLAN setting What is PVID A Tag is a 4 byte data added to the packet It includes the priority and VLADN ID for the packet If a packet has a tag it transfers information between the switches so that the packet can be processed in other network device in accordance with the information It is like GVRP operating between the network devices If a port in VLAN is set as the untagged port all the packets transferred from the port do not have tags If such packet arrives at the switch but with a tag the tag is removed when the packet is transmitted from the port Because most network devices do not support tag in the packet they do not recognize the tagged packet In this case
11. press Esc to leave About GVRP Protocol In addition to network management tools that allow network administrators to statically add and delete VLAN member ports the switch supports GARP VLAN Registration Protocol GVRP GVRP supports the dynamic registration of VLAN port members within a switch and across multiple switches In addition to dynamically updating registration entries within a switch GVRP is used to communicate VLAN registration information to other VLAN aware switches so that members of a VLAN can cover a wide span of switches in a network GVRP allows both VLAN aware workstations and the Intelligent Switch to issue and revoke VLAN 31 memberships VLAN aware the switch register and propagate VLAN membership to all ports that are part of the active topology of the VLAN About IGMP Protocol IGMP Snooping and IP Multicast Filtering The Internet Group Management Protocol IGMP runs between hosts and their immediately neighboring multicast routers The protocol s mechanisms allow a host to inform its local router that it wants to receive transmissions addressed to a specific multicast group Routers periodically query the LAN to determine if known group members are still active If there is more than one router on the LAN performing IP multicasting one of the routers is elected querier and assumes the responsibility of querying the LAN for group members Based on the group membership information learned from the IGMP a
12. Bytes Received 1 096 656 Total No of Packets Received 9 076 Total No of Broadcast Packets Received 4 439 Total No of CRC Alignment Errors Received 0 Total No of Undersize Packets Received 0 Total No of Oversize Packets Received 0 Total No of Collisions 0 Total No of 64 byte Packets Received 5 034 Total No of 65 to 127 byte Packets Received 1 657 Total No of 128 to 255 byte Packets Received 2 005 Total No of 256 to 511 byte Packets Received 380 Total No of 512 to 1023 byte Packets Received 0 Total No of 1 0 to 1 5 kbyte Packets Received 0 VTotal No of Bytes Transmitted 384 To reset counters for the port in the screen above press R Then select Yes in the confirm screen to reset the counters Note If the counters are always zero please check Basic Management gt General gt Statistics Collection If it is disable please enable it 3 Per Port MAC Limit You can configure Mac address learning function of each port with this function to 1 Limited Learning 2 Unlimited Learning 3 No Learning for Mac address limit application on port If you select this function the screen will appear Port 1 10 100M Unlimited Unlimited Unlimited Unlimited 10 100M Unlimited Unlimited Unlimited Port 8 10 100M Unlimited Then you highlight the port number and press Enter The following screen will appear 16 Set Learning Limit iUnlimited Learning MAC Learning
13. Gigabit Ethernet switch with SNMP RMON web based management function From a departmental backbone switches to high speed switch to switch and switch to server links this switch delivers outstanding performance in every environment With IGMP and VLAN functions this Intelligent Switch ensures maximum bandwidth by reducing multicast transmissions and distributing data over the most efficient media and pathway With Quality of Service QoS supports this Intelligent Switch provides the capability to prioritize certain tasks on the network and this is particularly useful for sending voice or video over the switched network This Intelligent Switch is a powerful management Ethernet switch for network administrator 1 1 Package Contents One Intelligent Switch This user s manual One AC power cord e One console cable Rack mount kits and screws 1 2 Installation Procedure Select Switch Chapter 2 Location Configure The Network Connection Chapter 5 Configure The Intelligent Switch Chapter 3 Troubleshooting Chapter 6 8 Chapter 2 Where To Place the Switch The Intelligent Switch can be place on a flat surface your desk shelf or table or mounted onto a rack Place the Intelligent Switch at a location with these connection considerations in mind eThe switch configuration does not break the rules as specified in Chapter 5 The switch is accessible and cables can be connected easily to it The cables
14. Other Protocols of Advanced Management first b To obtain an IP multicast group perspective for one of the addresses in the screen highlight an address and press the Enter key poss e Multicast Domain 00COF6B03729 Port 5 C To view the VLAN and IP multicast group addresses associated with the MAC address highlight a host in the Hosts screen and press Enter A VLAN IP Multicast Group Membership screen will appear MAC Address Perspective The MAC address perspective lets you view all characteristics associated with a MAC address corresponding VLANs and corresponding ports in the switching database To obtain a MAC address perspective a Highlight MAC Address Perspective and press Enter key You are prompted for a MAC address Enter a MAC address and a screen similar to the one appears iMac Address 00COF6B03729 b Use the Up and Down Arrow keys to scroll through the VLAN IP Multicast Group Membership screen W Port Perspective The port perspective lets you view VLAN activities and RMON statistics for each port You can also configure Mac address learning function of each port from this function Highlight Port Perspective and press the Enter key The Port Perspective screen appears 14 Port Perspective Per Port VLAN Activities Per Port Statistics Per Port MAC Limit Port Access Type 1 Per Port VLAN Activities If you select Per Port VLAN Activities from t
15. QoS setting of the switch You can follow the entry for QoS setting Advanced Management gt QoS And here is the main menu of QoS setting Menu Description Global Setting For general settings of the QoS functions in the switch Logical Port Define the TCP IP service logical ports operation enable disable transmit priority drop rate VLAN Define the transmit priority and drop rate operation in the switch for each priority value in VLAN tag ToS Define the transmit priority and drop rate operation in the switch for each priority value in ToS Tx Queue Define and configure the QoS policy for the priority Setting queues 33 W Global Setting Set the general configuration for the QoS operation QoS Status Enabled DiffServ Expedite Forwarding Enabled ToS VLAN Tag Preference VLAN Tag ToS for Xmit From Bit 4 2 of ToS ToS for Drop From Bit 4 2 of ToS WRED Drop Priority Setting 1 QoS Status Enable Disable This function can enable or disable the QoS function of the switch 2 DiffServ Expedite Forwarding Enable Disable This function can enable or disable the DiffServ EF function on the switch This switch can map IETF DifferServ classes to its priority classes and transfer DiffServ packets with the following queue mapping Tx Queues P7 P6 P5 P4 P3 P2 P1 P0 IETF NM EF AFO AF1 BEO Note DiffServ is the abbreviation of Differentiated Service Differentiated Services p
16. Table gt key gt Default Gateway gt Default Gateway 3 Logging on to the Intelligent Switch When you log on to the Intelligent Switch console port for the first time a sign on string appears and you are prompted for a console login name and password The factory default login name is admin and password is 123456 If you desire you can change this password after you log on 3 2 Configure the Switch by Console The Intelligent Switch provides a menu driven console interface for configuration purposes The switch can be configured either locally through its console port or remotely via a Telnet Http SNMP session Note The settings will take effect immediate If you want to save them please select Save Settings before leaving the setup 3 2 1 Logging on to the Intelligent Switch At the screen prompt Intelligent Switch System Name Console Login Enter the console interface factory default console name admin and password 123456 or user defined password if you changed the default password The Switch Management screen will appear Switch Management Basic Management Advanced Management Restore Default Settings Reboot Operating in the console interface here is the direction about the keyboard Move the highlight up Up arrow or K Move the highlight down Down arrow or J Move the highlight between screens Tab Select the highlight option Enter Move to the previous menu Esc Operatio
17. and press key to remove the port from the VLAN Repeat these steps to remove switch ports from the VLAN If PVID Settings is selected the following screen will appear Port 1 Port 2 Port 3 Port 4 Port 5 6 7 8 Port Port Select the port and then you can modify its PVID About PVID After VLAN setting complete you can go to PVID Settings function to assign PVID to connection ports Because there is no VLAN information in untagged packets for untagged ports you can assign VLAN ID to untagged ports with this function But it is not necessary for tagged ports because there is already VLAN information in the packets Tagged ports only for tagged network devices only Don t use tagged ports for untagged devices W Multicast Group Perspective The IP multicast group perspective provides information associated with an IP multicast group To obtain an IP multicast group perspective a Highlight IP Multicast Group Perspective and press the Enter key The following screen appears 13 T Multicast Group Address 1224 0 1 1 VLAN 1 0x001 12240 124 VLAN1 00 i Notes If the IGMP protocol is disable the IGMP Currently Disabled message will appear Because the IP multicast groups are generated from the IGMP snooping operation of the switch please enable the IGMP protocol in
18. and press the Enter key Enter 0 for no aging 2 FloodLimit Whenever a packet is sent to a switch the switch will try to find the destination port of the packet through looking it up the learning table Then forward it If the DA destination Mac address of the packet cannot be found in the learning table the switch will forward it to every port This operation of a switch is called flooding These flooding packets may cause unnecessary network traffic in the network To change the flood limit for all ports highlight Flood Limit for All ports pkts sec the following prompt asks you to set flood limit packets per second or unlimited Select Set Flood Limit and enter a new flood limit Or you may select Unlimited to disable the flooding limit function for unknown Mac address packets 25 3 2 3 4 Static Filtering User can view add delete or search all source or destination addresses to be filtered If you select Static Filtering from the Advanced Management screen the Static Filtering screen appears Source MAC Out Filters iDestination MAC Address Out Filters iMAC Address InFillers i 1 Mac Address Out Filter The Out Filters function will filter out these packets with the source destination addresses in the out filters table i e these packets will not be forwarded by the Switch 2 Mac Address In Filter The In Filters function will filter in these packets with the MAC addresses in the in
19. connected to the switch are away from sources of electrical interference such as radio computer monitor and light fixtures e There is sufficient space surrounding the hub to allow for proper ventilation the switch may not function according to specifications beyond the temperature range of 0 to 50 degrees C 2 1 Placing the Intelligent Switch on a Desk or Shelf 1 Place the Intelligent Switch on a firm flat surface where you want to install the switch 2 If you want to configure the Intelligent Switch please refer to Chapter 3 3 Connect network cables to the Intelligent Switch Please refer to Chapter 5 for network connection 2 Mounting the Intelligent Switch Onto a Rack Use the brackets and screws supplied in the rack mounting kit j Use a crosshead screwdriver to attach the brackets to the side of the intelligent Switch 3 Position the Intelligent Switch in the rack by lining up the holes in the brackets with the appropriate holes on the rack and then use the supplied screws to mount the hub onto the standard EIA 19 inch rack al Chapter 3 Configure the Switch 3 1 Introduction 1 Overview The Intelligent Switch provides a user friendly menu driven console interface Using this interface you can perform various switch configuration and management activities including Configuring system and port parameters Assigning an IP address Configuring DHCP relay Setting up VLAN policy Setting
20. parameter and press Enter again Static Route Specifications 2 Deleting Routing Table Entries If you no longer need an entry in the routing table use the following procedure to delete it There is no precautionary message that appears before you delete an entry in the routing table Therefore be sure you want to delete the entry before doing so Highlight the Routing table entry you want to delete and press The entry will be deleted 3 Searching for Routing Table Entries To search for entries in the Routing table press S in the Routing Table screen Then Enter Network Address screen appears Type the network address you want to search for then press Enter Note You can assign the gateway IP address of the switch with the Default Gateway in Adding Routing Table Entries operation for management through Internet DHCP Gateway Setting If you highlight DHCP Gateway Settings from the IP Networking screen and press the Enter key a DHCP Gateway Settings screen appears In this screen 22 iVLAN ID IP Address DHCP Gateway Max Hops Delay Servers Relays H 11 0x001 192 168 1 9 Disabled VLAN ID shows the IDs of the VLANs that have been defined IP Address shows the corresponding IP addresses of the VLANs DHCP Relay shows whether the DHCP relay is enabled or disabled Max Hops shows the maximum number of hops that a DHCP request broadcast can be relayed along the DHCP relay path from the DHCP cli
21. router can determine which if any multicast traffic needs to be forwarded to each of its leaf subnetworks Multicast routers use this information along with a multicast routing protocol to support IP multicasting across the Internet IGMP provides the final step in an IP multicast packet delivery service since it is only concerned with the forwarding of multicast traffic from the local router to group members on directly attached subnetworks The switch support IP Multicast Filtering by Passively snooping on the IGMP Query and IGMP Report packets transferred between IP Multicast Routers and IP Multicast host groups to learn IP Multicast group members and A Actively sending IGMP Query messages to solicit IP Multicast group members The purpose of IP multicast filtering is to optimize a switched network s performance so multicast packets will only be forwarded to those ports containing multicast group hosts members and routers instead of flooding to all ports in the subnet VLAN The switch with IP multicast filtering switching capability not only passively monitor IGMP Query and Report messages DVMRP Probe messages PIM and MOSPF Hello messages they also actively send IGMP Query messages to learn locations of multicast routers and member hosts in multicast groups within each VLAN Note however IGMP neither alters nor routes any IP multicast packets Since IGMP is not concerned with the delivery of IP multicast packets across sub n
22. specify the appropriate modem setup string 4 Modem Setup String If you enabled a modem connection to the console port use this function to specify a modem setup string You can select the Default Setup String and that will configure the modem to auto answer It works for all Hayes compatible modems Or you may select the Custom Setup String to specify the modem initializing string by yourself 3 2 3 Performing Advanced Management Activities Advanced management activities consist of the L2 switching database L3 IP networking bridging static filtering spanning tree SNMP other protocols GVRP and IGMP and software upgrade To perform advanced management activities 1 Select Advanced Management and the following screen will appear L2 Switching DataBase IP Networking Bridging Static Filtering 2 Select a function and press Enter Menu Description L2 Switching 1 VLAN amp PVID setting VLAN activity status DataBase 2 P multicast group activity status 3 Mac addresses activity status 4 Statistics on port VLAN activity on port and Mac address learning configuration on port IP Networking 1 IP address and RIP configuration of the switch 2 ARP Table of the switch 3 Routing Table of the switch 4 DHCP Gateway setting 5 Ping operation Bridging 1 Aging Time setting 2 Flooding Broadcast Strom Control setting Static Filtering 1 Static Filter out Mac Address DA or SA 2 Static Filter in Mac Addres
23. up packet filters Configuring STP and SNMP parameters Upgrading software 2 Manage the switch There are three ways to manage the Intelligent Switch Local Console Management via the Intelligent Switch serial port Remote Management via a network connection with Telnet http Using an SNMP Network Management Station 1 Local Console Management You can manage the Intelligent Switch locally by connecting a VT100 terminal or a personal computer or workstation with terminal emulation software to the Intelligent Switch serial port The terminal or workstation connects to the Intelligent Switch serial port using a console cable that has the appropriate connectors on each end This management method is ideal when The network is unreliable The switch has not been assigned an IP address The Network Manager does not have direct network connection The default setting of the Intelligent Switch s serial port is Baud Rate 115200 Data Bits 8 Parity Bits None Stop Bit 1 Flow Control None Therefore configure the terminal or workstation to use these settings before you log on to the Intelligent Switch You can change this default setting if desired after you log on Here is the example for terminal setup in Windows Example of using Hyper Terminal of Windows95 98 2000 1 Select Accessories Communication Hyper Terminal 2 Execute HYPERTERM EXE 3 Set Name and Icon in Connection Description
24. 30 is es 3 2 3 7 Other Protocols In this function you can enable disable GVRP and IGMP protocols of the switch GVRP Disabled IGMP Disabled The GVRP GARP VLAN Registration Protocol protocol can handle the VLAN activity inside the switch and between switches The IGMP Internet Group Management Protocol protocol can handle IP multicast activity in the network This switch supports IGMP Snooping operation for IP multicast packets filtering and forwarding If you want to change the configuration highlight the item that you want to change and press Enter GVRP Enable enable GVRP operation Disable disable GVRP operation IGMP Mode Disable Passive Active Disable disable IGMP operation Passive Passively snooping on the IGMP Query and IGMP Report packets transferred between IP Multicast Routers and IP Multicast host groups to learn IP Multicast group members Active Actively sending IGMP Query messages to solicit IP Multicast group members Query interval sec The query interval for IGMP operation in active mode Query timeout sec Auto Set Value The query timeout for IGMP operation in passive mode If IGMP function is enabled and IP multicast happens in the switch users can find the IP multicast groups at IP Multicast Group Perspective of L2 Switching DataBase in Advanced management Select the new setting for the item from prompt screen and press Enter After completing the change
25. Bandwidth Low drop subclass High drop subclass Highest 300Mbps Control Information transmission priority P7 Highest 200Mbps Phone Call Training Video transmission Circuit Emulation Other Multimedia priority P6 Middle transmission 125Mbps Interactive Activity Non critical priority P5 interactive activity Middle transmission 240Mbps Web Business priority P4 Low transmission 80Mbps File Backups priority Low transmission 45Mbps Email Web Research priority P2 Best effort P1 PO 10Mbps Casual Web Browsing Total 1000Mbps The real QoS planning depends on the network applications of your environment 53 A Product Features Specification A 1 Features Prevents packet loss with back pressure and IEEE802 3x flow control Web based management provides the ability to completely manage the switch from any web browser SNMP Telnet interface deliver complete in band management Supports IEEE 802 1D Spanning Tree Protocol Supports RMON agent Port base IEEE 802 1Q VLAN with GVRP function Supports IP Multicasting through IGMP Snooping Provides 8 level transmit priorities 2 level drop precedence on each port and different transmit scheduling schemes for QoS request The QoS operation can refer to Tag Base DS ToS or IP logical port settings of packets Support flooding control Support static and dynamic MAC address limit function A 2 Specification Basic Characteristics Access Method CSMA CD Ethernet operation
26. C 4 Port Access Type You can configure the port access type for tagged untagged operation There are three options for each port of the switch iPort Access Type 1 Port Access Type Options Port 1 10 100M Normal Normal Port 2 10 100M Normal Trunk Link Port 3 10 100M Normal lAccess Link Port 4 10 100M Normal Port 5 10 100M Normal Port 6 10 100M Normal Port 7 10 100M Normal Port 8 10 100M Normal 1 Normal the packet transmitted from the port will be tagged or untagged depending on the packet and setting But the packets will be always untagged if the PVID of the port is the same as its VLAN ID 2 Trunk Link the packets transmitted from the port will be always tagged 3 Access Link the packets transmitted from the port will be always untagged 17 If the port is uplink to another switch device with applications that needs tag in packet for example 802 1Q VLAN users can configure it as Trunk and all the packets from the port will always be tagged If the port is connected to an untagged device for example normal network adapter users can configure it as Access for untagged packets The Normal option will tag or untag packet according to the packet and port setting But if PVID of port is equal to its VLAN ID the network device should be untagged and the port will always send untagged packets Here is the table about the setting Port setting Directio
27. Communication Mode Full Half duplex Ports Support up to 8G ports Console Port RS 232 connection with factory default Baud Rate 115200 Data Bits 8 Parity Bits None Stop Bit 1 Flow Control None Dimension Non Modularized Model 440x172x44 mm Modularized Model 440 x 254 x 44 mm MDI MDIX Select Auto Detect Input Power 100 240VAC 50 60 Hz Filter amp Forwarding Rate Full line speed Transmission method Store and forward Flow Control Back pressure for half duplex IEEE802 3x for full duplex LED Display Per Port 1000 100 10 Full Per Device Power Operation Temperature Standard Operating 0 to 50 Humidity 5 to 9596 Non condensing Management Support System Configuration Out band console interface In band Telnet Web Browser SNMP interface Management Agent SNMP support MIB II Bridge MIB RMON MIB Spanning Tree IEEE 802 1D Algorithm 54 VLAN Function IGMP Quality of Service QoS Port Security Internetworking Protocols Network Management Software Update Port Base 802 1Q Tagged with GVRP function IP Multicast Filtering by passively snooping on the IGMP Query Provides 8 level transmit priorities 2 level drop precedence on each port Supports Strict Priority Delay Bound Weighted Fair Queue and Best Effort 4 different transmit scheduling schemes Refer to Tag Base DS ToS or IP logical port settings of packets Limit number of MAC addresses lear
28. File i iH W Config File iDebuger Monitor File Runtime File iWeb Browser File 40 3 2 4 Other Functions in the Main Menu Here is the content of the Main Menu Basic Management Advanced Management Logout Save Settings Restore Default Settings Logout You can logout from the switch with this function Save Setting You can save the settings to flash chip with this function All the settings in the configuring process will take effect immediately But they will be lost after power off If you want to save them please come to this function and save them to flash Restore Default Settings If you want to go back to the default settings of the switch you may use this function to do it It will clear current settings and restore them to the default factory settings After restoring default settings the switch will reboot Reboot You can reboot the switch with this function 41 3 3 Configure the Switch by Web Browser This switch offers web browser interface for its configuration administration You have to assign an IP address to the switch with console interface first See the Section 3 2 3 2 IP Networking 3 3 1 Logging on to the Switch Follow the procedures below for the configuration management of the switch on web browser 1 Start a web browser MS IE 4 0 Netscape 4 7 or higher w 800x600 recommendable 2 Input http Xxx xxx xxx xxx as URL xxx xxx xxx xxx is the IP address of the Switch
29. Intelligent 8 port Gigabit Switch User s Manual We make no warranties with respect to this documentation and disclaim any implied warranties of merchantability quality or fitness for any particular purpose The information in this document is subject to change without notice We reserve the right to make revisions to this publication without obligation to notify any person or entity of any such changes Trademarks or brand names mentioned herein are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective companies About this manual This manual is a general manual for different models of our Intelligent 8G Ethernet Switch They are similar in operation but have different hardware configuration These models are 1 Non modularized model It has eight 10 100 1000Mbps fixed UTP ports 2 Modularized model It has four fixed UTP ports and two 2 port module slots at front panel These 2 port modules could be 2 10 100 1000M TX ports or 2 1000M SX LX ports or some other 2 port module It has flexible design for hardware configuration Modules 2 port CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION T A PACKAGE CONTENTS Cr Dottor i Poetic e bebe Pec ob is oe 1 1 2 INSTALLATION PROCEDURE 2 ette eerte 1 CHAPTER 2 WHERE TO PLACE THE SWITCH ener 2 2 1 PLACING THE INTELLIGENT SWITCH ON A DESK OR 2 2 2 MOUNTING THE INTELLIGENT SWITCH ONTO A
30. ain to another directly attached IP subnet specified in the switch configuration for the receiving IP subnet When the DHCP server receives the DHCP request it allocates a free IP address for the DHCP client from its scope in the DHCP client s subnet and sends a DHCP Response back to the DHCP Relay Agent The DHCP Relay Agent then broadcasts this DHCP Response packet received from the DHCP server to the appropriate client Ping You can set the following items for the ping operation The IP address of the host you want to ping The packet count number from 1 to 999 or 0 for an infinite packet count The packet size from 0 to 1500 The timeout value from 0 to 999 Highlight the items and press Enter then you set each item in the screen After all the items are set you can press Esc to start the ping operation 24 3 2 3 3 Bridging If you select Bridging from the Advanced Management the Bridging Parameters Screen appears Bridging Parameters Aging Time seconds 300 Flood Limit for All ports pkt s Unlimited 1 Aging Time Aging is an operation for switch to maintain its learning table If a network device does not send any packet in the aging time its Mac address entry in the learning table will be removed This operation is called aging To change the aging time highlight Aging Time seconds and press Enter A prompt will ask you to enter a bridge aging period in seconds Enter a new aging period
31. an be configured in the function Logical Port H User Defined Port Range Port 1 User Defined Port This switch allows 15 user defined TCP IP logical ports for QoS operation Select one of them for example 0 and assign a TCP IP port number you can do the following QoS settings on this TCP IP logical port User Defined Port 0 Port Number 80 Drop Priority Low Transmit Priority 7 Port Status Enabled 1 Enable Disable this QoS setting 2 Configure its drop rate to high drop rate or low drop rate 3 Configure its transmit priority to O 7 2 Range Port In Range Logical you can define the drop priority and transmit priority for some range of TCP IP logical ports 35 tRange Logical Port tLow Port Number 6970 iHigh Port Number 7170 1 iDrop Priority Low E tTransmit Priority 7 i m VLAN In this function you can configure the drop priority and transmit priority of QoS operation for each priority value in VLAN tag Select one of them and you can configure the QoS configuration of this priority VLAN Priority Index IVLAN Priority 0 Setting 0 iDrop Priority High 1 gt Transmit Priority 0 i3 i4 15 16 7 ToS You can configure the QoS operation drop priority and transmit priority for each priority value in ToS Select one of them and you can configure the QoS configuration of this priority You can select using Bit0 2 or Bit3 5 of ToS for the transmit priori
32. are an Internet connection while preventing packet exchange between users A In this case you can configure VLAN on the switch in Concentration Mode Supposing that users are connected on Port 1 7 and the Internet connection or uplink is on Port 8 All the ports are untagged 1 Create the following VLANs VLAN ID VLAN name VLAN port 2 V2 Port 1 8 3 V3 Port 2 8 4 V4 Port 3 8 5 V5 Port 4 8 6 V6 Port 5 8 7 V7 Port 6 8 8 V8 Port 7 8 9 V9 Port 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 2 PVID setting of each port Port 1 PVID 2 Port 2 PVID 3 Port PVID 4 Port 4 PVID 5__ Port 5 PVID 6__ Port 6 PVID 7 Port 7 PVID 8 j Port 8 PVID 9 Q2 How can limit the number of users at each connection port A In order to limit the number of users use the following procedure 1 Advanced Management gt L2 Switching DataBase gt Port Perspective gt Per Port Mac Limit gt Select Port gt Set Learning Limit gt Set the number of users to limit the MAC learning 2 Press the Esc key to return to the main menu 3 The changed setting is applied immediately In order to save the setting press the ESC key to return to the main menu and select Save Setting Q3 How can limit the port for specific users to access the network A Use the following procedure 1 Advanced Management gt L2 Switching DataBase gt Port Perspective
33. ations EMC EN55022 1988 CISPR 22 1985 class A EN60555 2 1995 class A EN60555 3 IEC1000 4 2 1995 4kV CD 8kV AD IEC1000 4 3 1995 3V m IEC1000 4 4 1995 1kV power line 0 5kV signal line This product complies with the requirements of the Low Voltage Directive 73 23 EEC and the EMC Directive 89 336 EEC Warning Do not plug a phone jack connector in the RJ 45 port This may damage this device 56 C Warranty We warrant to the original owner that the product delivered in this package will be free from defects in material and workmanship for a period of warranty time from the date of purchase from us or the authorized reseller The warranty does not cover the product if it is damaged in the process of being installed We recommend that you have the company from whom you purchased this product 57
34. average rate for the traffic with transmit priority 6 queue P6 here when it is in strict priority 4 QoS with Flow Control The flow control operation on port may conflict with the QoS operation because the flow control operation will pause the packets sending from the connected device to prevent packet lost when the port is busy But this operation will break the QoS request from the application running on that device The switch also treats the packets from flow control enable port as lowest priority during transmission scheduling so that those packets are not exposed to the WRED dropping operation What this means is that if flow control is enabled for a given source port then we can guarantee that no packet originating from that port will be lost but at the possible expense of minimum bandwidth or maximum delay assurances This option provides a function of permitting normal QoS scheduling for frames originating from flow control enabled port But it is possible that some packets may be dropped because of QoS operation even though its flow control is on 38 3 2 3 9 File Transfer You can upload download the software and system configuration running in the Switch here If you select File Transfer from the Advanced Management screen the Software Upgrade screen appears File Transfer Receive File Via TFTP Send File Via TFTP Receive File Via Kermit Send File Via Kermit You can do the files transfer with TFTP through n
35. ch the switch can route packets Gateway The IP address of the router at the next hop Metric The number of hops needed between the switch and the destination network VLAN The VLAN within which the gateway or destination resides Type The IP route type for the IP subnetwork There are six IP route types Direct A directly connected subnetwork Remote A remote IP subnetwork or host address Myself A switch IP address on a specific IP subnetwork Bcast A subnetwork broadcast address Mcast An IP multicast address Martian An illegal IP address to be filtered Protocol Local A manually configured routing entry NetMgmt A routing entry set via SNMP ICMP A routing entry obtained via ICMP redirect RIP A routing entry learned via the RIP protocol 21 Other A protocol other than one of the other four listed above 1 Adding Routing Table Entries a From the Routing Table screen hold down the Shift key and press The Route Options screen appears Select Default Gateway or Static Route and press Enter Route Options EE Gateway Static Route b If you select Default Gateway the following screen appears Press Enter and type an IP address for the default gateway Default Route Specifications Default Gateway 0 0 0 0 Metric 1 C If you select Static Route the following screen appears At each field ress Enter type the appropriate
36. confirm the file transfer Yes or No 2 Send File Via TFTP 39 Before doing this operation you have to check the connection between the switch and the TFTP server by ping operation first Highlight Send File Via TFTP and press Enter Then select the file name and set the IP address of the TFTP server Press Esc to confirm the file transfer Yes or No This operation can get the file from switch to TFTP server Send File ViaTFTP amp Select File Type File Name S W Config File S W Config File Address i gt Config File Debuger Monitor File Runtime File iWeb Browser File 3 Receive File Via Kermit Before doing this operation you have to start the terminal program and complete the console connection first 1 Highlight Receive File Via Kermit and press Enter Then select Yes or No to confirm the file transfer via Kermit 2 Start the file transfer send operation in the terminal program with Kermit protocol 4 Send File Via Kermit Before doing this operation you have to start the terminal program and complete the console connection first 1 Highlight Send File Via Kermit and press Enter The following screen will appear 2 Select the file you want to transfer and press Enter Then select Yes or No to confirm the file transfer via Kermit 3 Start the file transfer receive operation in the terminal program with Kermit protocol Select File Type S W Config
37. e W Spanning Tree Path Cost If you highlight Spanning Tree Path Costs in the Spanning Tree Protocol screen and press the Enter key a Spanning Tree Path Costs screen appears Spanning Tree Path Costs All Ports 19 Port 1 19 Port 2 19 Port 3 19 Port 4 19 Port 5 19 Port 6 19 Port 7 19 28 Port 8 19 If you want to change the spanning tree path cost highlight the port that you want to change and press Enter Enter the new path cost in the prompt screen and press Enter After completing the modification press Esc to back to last screen Path Cost 0 65535 It is used to determine the best path between devices if looping happens Lower values will be forwarded and should be assigned to ports with fast connections Higher values will be blocked and should be assigned to ports with slow connections The suggestion values are 100 50 600 for 10M 19 10 60 for 100M and 4 3 10 for 1000M connections W Spanning Tree Port Priorities Spanning Tree Port Priorities All Ports 128 Port 1 128 Port 2 128 Port 3 128 Port 4 128 Port 5 128 Port 6 128 Port 7 128 Port 8 128 If you highlight Spanning Tree Port Priorities in the Spanning Tree Protocol screen and press the Enter key a Spanning Tree Port Priorities screen appears If you want to change the spanning tree path priorities highlight the port that you want to change and press Enter Enter the new path priorities in the prompt screen and
38. e RMON MIB definition 4 3 1 RMON Group Supported The Intelligent Switch supports the followng RMON MIB groups defined in RFC1757 e RMON Statistics Group maintains utilization and error statistics for the switch port being monitored e RMON History Group gathers and stores periodic statistical samples from the previous Statistics Group e RMON Alarm Group allows a network administrator to define alarm thresholds for any MIB variable An alarm can be associated with Low Threshold High Threshold or both A trigger can trigger an alarm when the value of a specific MIB variable exceeds a threshold falls below a threshold or exceeds or falls below a threshold e RMON Event Group allows a network administrator to define actions based on alarms SNMP Traps are generated when RMON Alarms are triggered The action taken in the Network Management Station depends on the specific network management application 4 3 2 Bridge Group Supported The Intelligent Switch supports the following four groups of Bridge MIB RFC1493 e The dot1dBase Group a mandatory group that contains the objects applicable to all types of bridges The dotidStp Group contains the objects that denote the bridge s state with respect to the Spanning Tree Protocol If a node does not implement the Spanning Tree Protocol this group will not be implemented This group is applicable to any transparent only source route or SRT bridge that implements the Spann
39. e switch from rack first 3 Loosen the screws of the cover on the module slot with screwdriver Two at the front side one at bottom side 4 Remove the cover of the module slot 5 Follow the rails on both sides of the module slot to slide in the module slowly 6 Push the module firmly to make the module connecting well with the connector in the switch 7 Drive the screws to fix the module to the switch firmly with screwdriver Two at the front side one at bottom side 8 If the switch is rack mounted you can put the switch back to rack 9 Power ON the switch 10 Connect network cables to the connectors on the module If the connected devices are working the LED will be ON Note We suggest you to keep these removed module slot covers It can be use when these modules are removed in the future Remove Modules from the Switch at Front Panel 1 Power OFF the switch first 2 If the switch is rack mounted you have to remove the switch from rack first 3 Loosen the screws of the module with screwdriver Two at the front side one at bottom side 4 Remove the module slowly from the module slot 5 Put on the module cover and fix it to the switch by driving its screws with screwdriver Two at the front side one at bottom side 6 If the switch is rack mounted you can put the switch back to rack 7 Power ON the switch 50 Chapter 8 FAQ Q1 How shall configure the switch to allow the users on the switch to sh
40. eed Auto FC On Port 7 1000M Speed Auto User can change the connection speed 10Mbps or 100Mbps full duplex mode or half duplex mode and the flow control function on each connection port with this function 2 Physical Address Physical Port Address Port 1 1000M 00COF660017B Port 2 1000M 00COF660017B Port 3 1000M 00COF660017B Port 4 1000M 00COF660017B Port 5 1000M 00COF660017B Port 6 1000M 00COF660017B Port 7 1000M 00COF660017B Port 8 1000M 00COF660017B This function can display the physical port address 3 2 2 3 Console Port e Console Port Configurations amp 4 iBaud Rate 115200 i iFlow Control Disabled iModem Control Disabled You can change the console baud rate flow control method modem control and setup string enable or disable SLIP and configure the SLIP address and SLIP subnet mask 1 Baud Rate Select the baud rate of the Intelligent Switch console port If the Auto option is selected press the Enter key one or more times until the prompt of the Intelligent Switch Login Password appears on your computer screen when you exit the configuration program 2 Flow Control Select the flow control method of the Intelligent Switch console port 3 Modem Control Enable or disable the modem control function on the Intelligent Switch console port If the modem control function is enable proceed to Specify a Modem Setup String to
41. ent to the DHCP server Delay shows the number of seconds that must elapse before a DHCP request broadcast is relayed to the next IP subnetwork Servers shows any preferred servers that have been defined Relays shows the outbound IP subnetwork for relaying a DHCP request broadcast Notes To specify DHCP gateway settings you must first create a VLAN with an assigned IP address as described in VLAN Perspective of L2 Switching DataBase The following procedure describes how to change the DHCP gateway settings As part of this procedure you can specify up to three preferred servers and or an outbound relay interface a Highlight the appropriate VLAN ID and press Enter A screen similar to the VLAN ID 1 0x001 IP Address 192 168 1 9 DHCP Gateway Disabled Maximum Hops 0 Delay sec 0 Preferred Server Preferred Server Preferred Server Preferred Server 0 b To add a relay IP hold down the Shift key and press A setup screen will appear Highlight the appropriate interface and press Enter c You can enable disable DHCP Gateway set Maximum Hops number set the Delay time in seconds and specify up to three more preferred servers in the screen Please move the highlight and press Enter to setup these items This DHCP relay function allows the DHCP request being routed to the DHCP server that is in different IP subnet on another VLAN Notes About DHCP Protocol Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol DHCP d
42. escribed in RFC 1541 is an extension of the Bootstrap Protocol BOOTP DHCP allows hosts on a TCP IP network to dynamically obtain basic configuration information When a DHCP client starts it broadcasts a DHCP Request packet looking for DHCP servers 23 DHCP servers respond to this packet with a DHCP Response packet The client then chooses a server to obtain TCP IP configuration information such as its own IP address Since DHCP uses broadcast mechanism a DHCP server and its client must physically reside on the same subnet However it s not practical to have one DHCP server on every subnet in fact in many cases DHCP BOOTP clients and their associated DHCP BOOTP server s do not reside on the same IP network or subnet In such cases a third party agent is required to transfer BOOTP messages between clients and servers BOOTP DHCP Relay described in RFC 1542 enables a host to use a BOOTP or DHCP server to obtain basic TCP IP configuration information even if the servers do not reside on the local subnet When a Intelligent Switch with BOOTP DHCP Relay Agent receives a DHCP Request packet destined for a BOOTP DHCP server it inserts its own IP address into the DHCP Request packet so the server knows the subnet where the client is located Then depending on the configuration setup the switch either Forwards the packet to a specific server as defined in the switch configuration using unicast routing or Broadcasts the DHCP Request ag
43. essage 3 Max Age The maximum time for a device to start spanning tree reconfiguration without receiving STP configuration message All device ports should receive STP configuration messages at regular intervals The minimum value is the higher of 6 or 2 x Hello Time 1 The maximum value is the lower of 40 or 2 x Forward Delay 1 4 Forward Delay The maximum time for root device to wait before changing states for example listening to learning to forwarding Every device must receive information about topology changes before it starts to forward frames and each port needs time to listen for conflicting The delay time is needed for the STP operation request The maximum value is 30 The minimum value is the higher of 4 or Max Message Age 2 1 Spanning Tree Port States If you highlight Spanning Tree Port States in the Spanning Tree Protocol screen and press the Enter key a Spanning Tree Port States screen appears This screen displays read only values When you finish press the Esc key until you return to the desired screen Disabled Link Down Disabled Link Down Disabled Link Down Disabled Link Down Disabled Link Down Disabled Link Down Disabled Link Down Disabled Link Down If you want to change the administration status highlight the port that you want to change and press Enter You can enable or disable the selected port Up for enable and Down for disabl
44. ete and search static entries in the ARP table in the screen 1 Adding static entries to the ARP table a From the ARP Table screen hold down the Shift key and press The Static ARP Specifications screen appears b Highlight the Internet Address and press Enter A Enter Internet Address screen will appear C Type an Internet address IP address When you finish press Enter The Internet address you typed appears next to Internet Address in the Static ARP Specifications screen d Highlight the Physical Address and press Enter A Enter Physical Address screen will appear Type the corresponding physical address and press Enter The physical address you typed appears next to Physical Address in the Static ARP Specifications screen f Press Esc The Internet and physical addresses you typed appear in the ARP Table screen g To add more static ARP table entries repeat these steps When you finish press Esc to return to the ARP Table screen 2 Deleting Static ARP Table Entries If you no longer need a static entry in the ARP table use the following procedure to delete it There is no precautionary message that appears before you delete a static ARP table entry Therefore be sure you want to delete the entry before doing so Highlight the ARP entry that you want to delete and press The entry will be deleted 20 3 Searching for ARP Table Entries a From the ARP Table screen press S The Search Option
45. etwork connection or Kermit through console connection protocols Highlight the item and press Enter to start file transfer Note The software in the switch is module design and you can download or upload them by some of the module files instead of the whole software There are five module files could be transferred to or from the switch 1 Software configuration file This file contains the software configuration VLAN IP Spanning Tree settings of the switch 2 Hardware configuration file This file contains the hardware configuration of the Switch If wrong hardware configuration is used that may cause the switch fail to work 3 Debug monitor file This is for engineer debugging Please ignore it 4 Runtime file This is the main code of the switch It controls the software version of the switch 5 Web browser file This file contains the http interface html code 1 Receive File Via TFTP Before doing this operation you have to put the file to the TFTP server and check the connection between the switch and the TFTP server by ping operation first Highlight Receive File Via TFTP and press Enter The following screen will appear Receive File Via TFTP iFile Name Address Highlight the File Name option and press Enter Enter the file name press Enter b Highlight the IP Address option and press Enter Enter the IP address of the TFTP server and press Enter C Press Esc and
46. etworks an external IP multicast router is needed if IP multicast packets have to be routed across different sub networks 32 ERT N 3 2 3 8 QoS Setup QoS Quality of Service is a quite important issue for network devices now because there are so many different data are transferred in the network phone call audio video web business email file transfer web access and so on Different data types have different requests about delay throughput and reliability on packet transfer The network administrators should know about their network applications and the requests for these applications Then they can configure this switch to meet these requests When congestion happens on some ports of the switch the QoS operation can transfer packets with different priorities different drop rates different bandwidth allocations for different requests of packets With delay bounded strict priority and or WFQ transmission scheduling and WRED dropping schemes this switch provides powerful QoS functions for various multimedia and mission critical applications Each port provides 8 transmission priorities and 2 levels of dropping precedence Each packet is assigned a transmission priority and dropping precedence based on the VLAN priority field in a VLAN tagged frame or the DS TOS field and UDP TCP logical port fields in IP packets QoS Setup 1 Global Setting iLogical Port This section is a description about the
47. f the switch 1 Enable Disable 2 VLAN Tag ToS Logical Port QoS Configuration 3 Priority queues QoS Policy configuration File Transfer Software Firmware upload amp download Logout Logout the management interface Save Save current settings Settings Restore Restore the factory default settings Default Settings Reboot Reboot the switch 3 2 2 Performing Basic Management Activities Basic management activities consist of General LAN port and Console port tasks To perform basic management activities 1 Select Basic Management and the function table will appear in the screen 2 Select a function and press Enter General LAN Port Console Port Menu Description General For system general information and settings LAN Port 1 For LAN port configuration and connection status 2 Get Mac address of the switch Console Port For console port configuration and settings 3 2 2 1 General Hardware Revision 300023 Rev 1 Hardware Configuration 0800gh1 rom Software Revision v3 1e Aug 22 2003 16 56 14 Firmware Revision No Firmware System Name Location admin Password guest Password Reboot On Error Enabled Remote Telnet Login Enabled You can change the system name location administration guest passwords statistics collection reboot on error and remote Telnet login and other system settings There is some system information in the option You can change the following
48. he Port Perspective screen a screen similar to the Per Port VLAN Activities appears Per Port VLAN Activities 1 1000M Highlight the port number whose corresponding VLANs activities you want to view Press the Enter key A screen with a list of the MAC addresses for the selected VLAN and the corresponding VLAN memberships will appear VLAN Count 2 Total MAC Address Count 6 MAC Addresses VLAN Membership VLAN 1 0x001 0000E2921DAD VLAN 10 0x00A 0000E294F6C8 0000E83641BA 0000E836528bE 0000E84272D1 Operation of the table 1 Use Tab key to switch to the MAC Addresses screen if it is the current screen Then Use the Up Arrow and Down Arrow key to scroll through the list of active MAC addresses for the selected port 2 To search for a MAC address press S When the search prompt appears enter a MAC address in the Enter MAC Addr to Search screen and press the Enter key If the address is found it is highlighted in the Port MAC Addresses screen 3 To obtain additional information about a particular MAC address scroll to the address in the Port MAC Address screen and press Enter key The same screen as result in MAC Address Perspective will be prompted 15 2 Per Port Statistics If you select Per Port Statistics from the Port Perspective screen you can also get a port list screen Select one of the ports you can get the statistics counters for the port For example Port 7 is selected Total No of
49. hem Advanced Setup gt Mac Address Management IP Networking Per Port Statistics SNMP Other Protocols QoS 3 3 4 File Transfer Reboot Logout and Save Setting Click File item in the homepage The function list including Save Setting Receive File Via TFTP Reboot Logout will be shown Users can select one of them and start the selected function These functions are the same as you do in console You may check the description in Section 3 2 4 about them File gt Save Setting Receive File Via TFTP Send file Via TFTP Reboot Logout 43 Chapter 4 SNMP and RMON Management 4 1 Overview RMON is an abbreviation for the Remote Monitoring MIB Management Information Base RMON is a system defined by the Internet Engineering Task Force IETF document RFC 1757 which defines how networks can be monitored remotely RMONSs typically consist of two components an RMON probe and a management workstation The RMON probe is an intelligent device or software agent that continually collects statistics about a LAN segment or VLAN The RMON probe transfers the collected data to a management workstation on request or when a predefined threshold is reached The management workstation collects the statistics that the RMON probe gathers The workstation can reside on the same network as the probe or it can have an in band or out of band connection to the probe This switch provides RMON capabili
50. ing Tree Protocol e The dotidTp Group contains objects that describe the entity s transparent bridging status This group is applicable to transparent operation only and SRT bridges 45 e The dotidStatic Group contains objects that describe the entity s destination address filtering status This group is applicable to any type of bridge which performs destination address filtering 46 Chapter 5 Configure the Network Connection 5 1 Connecting Devices to the switch Connection Guidelines Connection Type Max Distance Cable 10BaseT 100 meters Category 3 or 5 UTP cable 100BaseTX 100 meters Category 5 UTP cable 1000BaseTX 100 meters Category 5 5e 6 UTP cable 1000BaseSX 550 meters Multi mode optical fiber 1000BaseL X 8 10 KM Single mode optical fiber 5 2 Connecting to Another Ethernet Switch Hub Non Trunking This switch can be connected to existing 10Mbps 100Mbps 1000Mbps hubs Switches The TX ports of the switch support Auto MDIX function you can use straight through cables for this connection Another Switch Straight Through cable Max 100m 5 3 Application An Ethernet switch can be used to overcome the hub to hub connectivity limitations as well as improve overall network performance Switch makes intelligent decisions about where to send network traffic based on the destination address of the packet As a result the switch can significantly reduce unnecessary t
51. ing to the spanning tree protocol If you select Spanning Tree from the Advanced Management screen the Spanning Tree Protocol screen appears Spanning Tree Configurations Spanning Tree Port States Spanning Tree Path Costs Spanning Tree Configurations If you highlight Spanning Tree Configurations in the Spanning Tree Protocol screen and press the Enter key a Spanning Tree Protocol Configuration screen appears The top half of this screen displays read only values The bottom half starting with Spanning Tree Protocol is user configurable Highlight a field then press Enter to change the value When you finish press the Esc key until you return to the desired Screen Bridge ID 8000 00COF660017B Designated Root N A Root Port N A Root Path Cost N A Current Max Age sec N A Current Hello Time sec N A Current Forward Delay sec N A Hold Time sec N A Topology Change Count N A Time Since Last Topology Change sec N A Spanning Tree Protocol Disabled Bridge Priority 32 768 Hello Time sec 2 Max Age sec 20 1 Bridge Priority Bridge priority is for selecting the root device root port and designated port The device with the highest priority lowest value becomes 27 the STA root device If all devices have the same priority the device with the lowest MAC address will then become the root device 2 Hello Time The time interval for root device to transmits spanning tree configuration m
52. n Operation About PVID Trunk Link Receive Tagged packet only Don t care PVID Transmit Always tagged packet Access Link Receive Untagged packet only PVID must be equal to Transmit Always untagged packet VLAN ID Normal Receive Tagged packet Don t care PVID Untagged packet PVID must be equal to VLAN ID Transmit Tagged packet If PVID is not equal to VLAN ID and the port is tagged port Untagged packet If PVID is equal to VLAN ID or the port is untagged port 18 3 2 3 2 IP Networking In this function you can view or change IP settings ARP and routing table parameters RIP parameters DHCP gateway settings and ping settings If you select IP Networking from the Advanced Management screen the IP Networking screen appears IP Networking IP amp RIP Settings ARP Table Routing Table DHCP Gateway Settings Ping E IP amp RIP Setting If this function is selected an IP Settings screen similar to the following appears with a list of the VLAN IDs IP addresses subnet masks and frame types currently defined VLAN ID IP Address Subnet Mask Proxy ARP RIP 1 0x001 192 168 1 9 255 255 255 0 Disabled Disabled 10 0x00A The IP and its subnet setting of the switch are assigned based on VLAN Different VLAN could be different IP subnets For normal application uses just need to assign IP address to the default VLAN for remote management To modify the setting
53. n Notes 1 In the operation of the console configuration management you have to highlight the item and press Enter if you want to select or change it 2 For some terminal program the Up arrow and Down arrow can not be used to move cursor bar In this situation please use key K and J instead 3 Only one console and three telnet users can log on to the Intelligent Switch concurrently However it is not recommended that multiple users modify the configuration at the same time Here we show the map of setting in the next page for quick reference Map of Functions in Menu Basic General System Name Software Version Password Http Management Enable Disable LAN Port Port Physical Configuration Mac ID Console Port Console Port Settings Advances L2 Switching VLAN amp VLAN Settings Status Management Database Perspective IP Multicast Group IP Multicast Groups Operation Perspective Status Mac Address Mac ID Activity in the switch Perspective Port Perspective Port Status Statistics Limit Setting IP Networking IP Address ARP Table Routing Table DHCP Gateway Ping Bridging Aging Time Flooding Limit Static Filtering Static Mac ID Filter in Filter out Spanning Tree Spanning Tree Status Configuration SNMP SNMP Configuration Other GVRP IGMP Protocols Enable Disable and Protocols Configuration QoS Setup Configure the QoS operation o
54. ned per port Static MAC addresses stay in the filtering table Static and dynamic MAC address limit Bridging 802 1D Spanning Tree 802 1P Q GARP GVRP Internal Routing RIP RIP 2 DHCP Relay IP Multicast IGMP Snooping IP Multicast Packet Filtering One RS232 port as local control console Telnet remote control console SNMP agent MIB 2 RFC 1213 Bridge MIB RFC1493 RMON MIB RFC1757 statistics history alarms and events Private MIB Web browser support based on HTTP server and parser TFTP Kermit software upgrade capability 55 B Compliances EMI Certification FCC Class A Certification USA Warning This equipment generates uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and if not installed and used in accordance with the instruction manual may cause interference to radio communications It has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A digital device pursuant to Subpart B of Part 15 of FCC Rules which are designed to provide reasonable protection against such interference when operated in a commercial environment Operation of this equipment in a residential area is likely to cause interference in which case the user at his own expense will be required to take whatever measures are required to correct the interference CE Mark Declaration of Conformance for EMI and Safety EEC This is to certify that this product complies with ISO IEC Guide 22 and EN45014 It conforms to the following specific
55. press Enter The value is from 0 to 255 and a low value gives the port a greater likelihood of becoming a Root port After completing the modification press Esc to back to last screen About Port Priority 0 255 If the path cost for all ports on a switch are the same the port with the highest priority lowest value will be forwarded when looping happens If more than one port have the same highest priority the port with lowest port number will be forwarded 29 3 2 3 6 SNMP You can view and change all SNMP related information here If you select SNMP from Advanced Management screen the SNMP Configurations screen appears SNMP Configurations i SNMP Disabled Get Community Name public Set Community Name public Trap Community Name 1 public Trap Community Name 2 public Trap Community Name 3 public Trap Community Name 4 public Trap Community Name 5 public Warm Start Trap Enabled Link Down Trap Enabled Link Up Trap Enabled Authentication Failure Trap Enabled Rising Alarm Trap Enabled Falling Alarm Trap Enabled Topology Change Trap Enabled This switch support SNMP agent function and you can configure SNMP settings community name trap host trap events here If you want to change the configuration highlight the item that you want to change and press Enter Enter the new setting for the item in prompt screen and press Enter After completing the change press Esc to leave
56. raffic The example below demonstrates the switch ability to segment the network The number of nodes on each segment is reduced thereby minimizing network contention collisions and boosting the available bandwidth per port User can setup VLAN of the Intelligent Switch for network management The gigabit throughput provides wide bandwidth between network connections The 47 administrator can manage the network connection by Telnet Console Web Browser NMS to the Intelligent Switch to monitor the network t 2 Gigabit Connection 22 File Server Switch Switch Q Power User 1 s o amp Ne Workgroup Workgroup A p 48 Chapter 6 LEDs Conditions Defined LEDs of the switch provide useful information about the switch and the status of all individual ports LED STATUS CONDITION The Intelligent Switch is receiving power Port has established a valid 10Mbps link fesso OFF The connection is Half Duplex 49 Chapter 7 Add Remove Module 7 1 For modularized model This model supports two 2 port modules at front panel for Gigabit TX SX LX expansion Because this switch does not support hot swap function please turn off the switch before adding or removing module to from the switch In ec Modules 2 port 4 2 Add Modules to the Switch at Front Panel 1 Power OFF the switch first 2 If the switch is rack mounted you have to remove th
57. rovides a simple and coarse method of classifying services of various applications And Expedited Forwarding EF has a single codepoint DiffServ value EF minimizes delay and jitter and provides the highest level of aggregate quality of service Any traffic that exceeds some traffic limit may be discarded The simplicity of DiffServ to prioritize traffic belies its flexibility and power When DiffServ uses specific application types to identify and classify constant bit rate traffic it will be possible to establish well defined aggregate flows that may be directed to fixed bandwidth pipes As a result you could share resources efficiently and still provide guaranteed service 3 ToS VLAN Tag Preference Select the preference priority information in packets priority in ToS or priority in VLAN tag ToS is the abbreviation of Type of Service and it is an 8 bit field in IP packet Here is its definition Bit 0 2 Precedence This 3 bits value 0 7 indicate the priority of the IP packet Bit 3 Delay If this bit is set 1 it requires low delay Bit 4 Throughput If this bit is set 1 it requires high throughput Bit 5 Reliability If this bit is set 1 it requires high reliability Bit 6 7 Unused The content of ToS is set by the application on the network 4 ToS for Xmit You can select the bit field in ToS for transmit priority mapping 7 5 is Bit 0 2 Precedence of ToS 4 2 is Bit 3 5
58. s SA on port Spanning Tree Spanning Tree Configuration on Switch Ports SNMP SNMP Configuration of the switch Other Protocols Enable Disable IGMP and GVRP protocols QoS Setup Configure the QoS operation of the switch 10 3 2 3 1 L2 Switching DataBase L2 Switching DataBase VLAN amp PVID Perspective IP Multicast Group Perspective MAC Address Perspective Port Perspective You can view and configure the switch from VLAN MAC address IP multicast group and port perspectives If you select L2 Switching DataBase from the Advanced Management screen the screen will appear The Intelligent Switch can be viewed from the four perspectives in the L2 Switching DataBase screen These four views allow a network administrator to manage and monitor VLANs and their associated MAC addresses and ports status effectively VLAN amp PVID Perspective VLAN amp PVID Perspective VLAN Settings PVID Settings If you select VLAN amp PVID Perspective the screen will appear You can select VLAN Settings to create VLAN groups first Then use PVID Settings function to assign VLAN ID to ports for untagged packets Default VLAN The IEEE 802 1Q standard defines VLAN ID 1 as the default VLAN The default VLAN includes all the ports as the factory default The default VLAN s egress rule restricts the ports to be all untagged so it can by default be easily used as a simple 802 1D bridging domain The default VLAN s domain shrinks as
59. s screen prompts you to select an Internet Address or a Physical Address b Select the Internet Address or Physical Address and then enter the IP or physical address you are searching and press Enter The address you want to view is highlighted Note The ARP Address Resolution Protocol table is a mapping table of IP address and its Ethernet Mac addresses The ARP table in the switch is similar to the ARP table in a PC Routing Table If you select Routing Table from the IP Networking screen a Routing Table screen appears Network Mask Gatewa Metric VLAN Type Protocol 0 0 255 0 0 0 0 0 Martian Local 127 0 0 0 255 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 Martian Local 192 168 1 0 255 255 255 0 192 168 1 9 16 0x001 Direct Local 192 168 1 0 255 255 255 255 192 168 1 255 16 0x001 Martian Local 192 168 1 9 255 255 255 255 192 168 1 9 16 0x001 Other Other 192 168 1 9 255 255 255 255 192 168 1 9 16 0x001 Myself Local 192 168 1 255 255 255 255 255 192 168 1 255 16 0x001 Bcast Local 224 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 Martian Local 240 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 Mcast Local 0 0 255 255 255 255 0 0 0 0 1 Mcast Local 255 255 255 255 255 255 255 255 255 255 255 255 1 Bcast Local The Routing Table allows you to view add delete or search a particular routing path The following table identifies the columns in this screen Item Description Network The IP sub network address to which the switch can route packets Mask The related IP sub network mask to whi
60. s shown a Highlight the row that contains the parameters you want to change then press Enter The following screen appears IVLAN 1 0x001 IP Settings IP Address 192 168 1 9 IP Subnet Mask 255 255 255 0 Frame Type Ethernet 1 BOOTP Disabled Proxy ARP Disabled RIP Setting Disabled Use Broadcast Multicast Advertise Routes Advertise Default Route Accept RIP V1 V2 Updates Accept Default Route Updates Use Split Horizon Use Poisoned Reverse Send Triggered Responses To change a setting highlight it and press the Enter key To delete a setting highlight the setting and press the key 19 Notes 1 The IP and its subnet setting of the switch are assigned based on VLAN 2 This switch allows user to assign different IP subnet on different VLANs 3 The RIP operation of the switch is for internal routing between the IP subnet assigned on different VLANs It is not a real L3 switch high speed routing operation 4 For normal case assign the switch s IP address on the default VLAN for remote management is OK 5 f you expect the switch to get IP from DHCP server please set BOOTP item to DHCP m ARP Table If you select ARP Table from the IP Networking screen an ARP Table screen appears with the ARP table entries that have been already defined or learned by the switch finternet Address Physical Address VLAN ID 210 63 246 25 0000E8503807 1 0x001 dynamic You can aad del
61. schedule and WRED discard Each port supports 8 priority orders and discard sequence in 2 stages Each packet has transmission priority order and discard order based on the physical port the VLAN priority field of VLAN tagged frame the DS TOS field and the UDP TCP logical port field of IP packet 22 If the traffic pattern is not known if no policy or shaping is applied for the traffic and if the network administrator knows the applications including voice file transmission and web browsing and relative importance between the applications the administrator can configure the switch to meet the QoS requirements of the applications Q9 Why the tagged port send out untagged packets A For a tagged port please keep its PVID as default VLAN ID 1 It is not necessary to set the PVID for a tagged port If you set the PVID of a tagged port to its VLAN ID it will confuse the switch and cause the switch send out untagged packets from the tagged port If the port is belonged to default VLAN it will always send out untagged packets because default VLAN support untagged only Q10 Why the connection is not stable when half duplex e g 10M Hub A That is a compatibility problem You may try to disable the flow control function of the port that connected with the half duplex devices Q11 How to plan the QoS function of the switch A Here is an example for your reference Class Assured
62. ties that allow network administrators to set parameters and view statistical counters defined in MIB II Bridge MIB and RMON MIB RMON activities are performed at a Network Management Station running an SNMP network management application with graphical user interface 4 2 SNMP Agent and MIB 2 RFC1213 The SNMP Agent running on the switch manager CPU is responsible for e Retrieving MIB counters from various layers of software modules according to the SNMP GET GET NEXT frame messages e Setting MIB variables according to the SNMP SET frame message e Generating an SNMP TRAP frame message to the Network Management Station if the threshold of a certain MIB counter is reached or if other trap conditions such as the following are met Warm start Cold start Link up Link down Authentication failure Rising alarm Falling alarm Topology change 44 MIB 2 defines a set of manageable objects in various layers of the TCP IP protocol suites MIB 2 covers all manageable objects from layer 1 to layer 4 and as a result is the major SNMP MIB supported by all vendors in the networking industry The Intelligent Switch supports a complete implementation of SNMP Agent and MIB 2 4 3 RMON MIB RFC 1757 and Bridge MIB RFC 1493 The Intelligent Switch provides hardware based RMON counters in the switch chipset The switch manager CPU polls these counters periodically to collect the statistics in a format that complies with th
63. ty and drop priority setting with General of QoS configuration ToS Priority Index Priority 0 Setting 0 Drop Priority High 1 gt Transmit Priority 0 2 3 4 5 6 7 Tx Queue Setting Users can define and configure the QoS policy of the switch in this function Select the function and the following screen appears Tx Queue Settings Port 1 1000M Port2 1000M Port 4 Port 3 1000M 1000M 36 7 1000M 8 1000M E There are four basic QoS scheduling operations for this switch 1 Strict Priority SP SP is for the highest priority queue only in the switch If there is only even one frame in the queue with SP it will be transmitted first The SP class is used for IETF expedited forwarding EF where performance guarantees are required The SP traffic should be either policed or implicitly bounded e g if the traffic of the queue with SP is very light and predictable patterned 2 Delay Bound It is a delay assurance algorithm of the switch It can dynamically adjusts its scheduling and dropping criteria guide by the queue occupancies and the due dates of their head of line HOL frames As a result we assure latency bounds for all admitted frames with high confidence 3 Weighted Fair Queuing WFQ You can weight the priority queues for different transmit bandwidth allocation for these queues In WFQ mode we do not assure frame latency as delay bo
64. und 4 Best Effort BE In BE mode a queue only receives bandwidth when none of the other classes have any traffic to offer It is used for non essential traffic because we provide no assurances about BE performance This switch supports four scheduling configurations for each physical port on different priority queues 8 priority queues on each gigabit port P7 P6 P5 P4 P2 P1 PO Delay Bound Delay Bound Best Effort SP Delay Bound Strict Priority Delay Bound Best Effort SP WFQ Strict Priority Weighted Fair Queuing Weighted Fair Queuing Weighted Fair Queuing Users can define and configure the QoS policy for the gigabit ports Port 25 26 iPort 1 Transmit Queue H QoS Policy SP Delay Bound Bandwidth Partitions Shaper Configuration 005 with Flow Control Disabled 1 QoS Policy Users can define the traffic scheduling policy of the eight priority queues in gigabit ports 2 Bandwidth Partitions Users can configure the bandwidth partition for the eight priority queues in the gigabit ports for WFQ operation 3 Shaper Configuration The shaper function is used to control the peak and average rate for traffic with transmit priority 6 queue P6 It is for the Gigabits ports and only to queue P6 37 the second highest priority when it is in strict priority It is design for expedited forwarding EF traffic Users can configure the peak and
65. untagged ports are defined in other VLANs Tagged Untagged Port Tag is a four bytes packet information added in a packet for VLAN and priority information of the packet We call the packets with tag as tagged packets and the packets without tag as untagged packets For the ports on the switch we also set them as tagged or untagged port when we configure the VLAN For untagged ports they should be connected to untagged devices and the network administrator should assign the PVID Port VLAN ID to these ports as their VLAN ID If these untagged packets are forwarded to tagged ports tags will be added to the packets with the PVID as their VLAN ID in the tag For tagged port they should be connected to tagged devices If these tagged packets are forwarded to untagged ports the tag will be removed from the packets If VLAN Settings is selected the following screen will appear 11 i i ID Name You can do the following operations from this screen 1 Create a new VLAN 2 Delete a VLAN 3 View VLAN activity 4 View and change VLAN configuration 1 Create new VLAN Use Shift key amp key to add a VLAN Move the highlight and press Enter to assign VLAN ID and VLAN name to the new VLAN The ID is a 12 bit decimal or hexadecimal ID value Notes Remote will be appended to the VLAN ID automatically if the VLAN is learned from a remote switch tar ener Wr Wr yt a ES a iNew VLAN Settings
66. you should set the connection port to untagged If a port in VLAN is set as the tagged port all the packets transferred from the port have the tags tagged If the packet arrives at the switch but without a tag a tag is added when the packet is transmitted from the port In this case the PVID set in the ingress port is used and VLAN ID is at the tag PVID Port VLAN ID is the VLAN ID setting at the untagged port If a untagged packet arrives at a port the switch checks if the VLAN ID and the PVID are identical and determines whether to transmit or discard the packet Q6 When network connection is added or changed at a switch network connection is not performed conducted immediately Check the spanning tree configuration first If the spanning tree is enabled the System checks the network configuration to prevent loop on the network Therefore it takes about 30 seconds before a new connection is made It is normal in the spanning tree operation Q7 What is flooding A Flooding occurs when a packet arrives at the switch and the switch fails to find DA Rx MAC address of the packets in the MAC learning table In this case the Switch transfers the packet to all the ports to find the terminating network equipment This action is called flooding 98 Will the switch support QoS A The switch provides QoS for various multimedia and important applications through limitation of delay strict priority WFQ transmit

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