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Analyzer User Manual

1. Select Packages Select the packages that wou want to install and click Nert Select each package that yau want to install m5cqrns Digitizer Driver 11 5 MB Wl Firmware 1 K iw User Manual 314 K wl AcineLive 13 3 MB 410501 Run Time Engine 3 5 M IM 4Px017 Demo 11 2 MB The minimum necessary to run an application using Acqiris Digitizers 9 If MATLAB is installed on your machine you will be asked to point the installer to the MATLAB root directory You should do this if you want the installer to modify the standard startup m file to incorporate the Acqiris adaptor 10 Now that the elements of the installation have all been decided you will be prompted for the installation folder This will be the root directory of the Acqiris software installation If User Manuals 27 MB and Firmware 21 MB are loaded more space than indicated here will be required on the drive For the case of a Tornado 2 2 installation the folder name should not contain any spaces ies Acqiris Software Setup Installation Folder Select the installation folder below and click Next to continue Setup will install the software under the root directory listed in the box below Any existing files will be averwritten To install toa different directory either type in the new path or click Browse to select another directory Install files to this location CAProgram Filesz amp cqiis Browse Space required on drive
2. I A REAL TIME DATA SUMMATION READOUT COMPRESSIO Averaging Memory PLX PCI INTERFACE PCI Bus Trigger Signal Amplifier TRIGGER p IA Threshold DAC A CARD CONTROLER Calibration i Acquire o Ohm Ready Key features User Manual Family of Analyzers High Speed and Precision The Acqiris Analyzers provide both high speed acquisition capability and exceptionally high simultaneous data transfer rates to the host processor The AP240 delivers real time sampling rates of up to 2 GS s with 1 GHz of analog bandwidth while the AP201 delivers the same real time sampling rates with 500 MHz of analog bandwidth and the AP235 and AP101 offer sampling to 1 GS s with 500 MHz of analog bandwidth Signal conditioning The AP235 AP240 models include all of the required input signal conditioning such as gain from 50 mV to 5 V Full Scale offset adjustment bandwidth limiter and 50 2 DC coupling The models AP101 AP201 Analyzer offer similar functionality with gains ranging from 50 mV to 500 mV Full Scale The inputs are fully protected and calibration is a built in feature A crystal controlled time base and advanced trigger circuits are used to allow fast and stable acquisitions Buffered Operation All of the Acqiris Analyzers offer a buffered acquisition mode A sequence of waveforms can be acquired while simultaneously processing and reading out a previously acquired waveform sequence D
3. RedHat Enterprise Linux Version 3 Kernel Version 2 4 21 4 ELsmp Suse Linux 9 2 Kernel version 2 6 8 24 smp Debian Sarge 3 1 2 6 8 3 686 Debian 4 0 etch Kernel version 2 6 18 4 686 Scientific Linux 4 4 Kernel version 2 6 9 11 EL Linux kernel driver source code is available for compilation Support for Windows 95 98 NT4 1s included as 1s since these operating systems are no longer supported by Microsoft Hard Drive Space 20 Mbytes Minimum CD Drive or any method to copy Acqiris Software installation files from CD to the hard drive such as LAN floppy drive etc LabVIEW The Acqiris LabVIEW driver is available for National Instruments LabVIEW versions 7 1or 8 0 LabVIEW RT The Acqiris LabVIEW RT driver is available for National Instruments LabVIEW RT version 7 1 or higher The VISA driver must be version 3 0 or higher MATLAB The Acqiris MEX interface can be used with MathWorks MATLAB 6 5 or a newer vesion Visual BASIC The interface files and examples are available for Microsoft Visual Basic versions 5 or 6 and the interface files only for NET Tornado The example files are useable with Wind River Tornado 2 2 1 User Manual Family of Analyzers Page 8 of 56 1 10 Transport Shipping CAUTION Cards can be safely transported in their original shipping packages DC cards can be transported when properly mounted in a CompactPCI crate The transport of DP cards mounted in a PC is a more delicate issue
4. 100 ps The trigger output accurately preserves the sample timing with respect to the event of interest from shot to shot Ideally the trigger output is used to synchronously activate an event serving as the zero time reference for the time dependent phenomena that are measured in each accumulated waveform As an example the trigger output could activate the application of an electric or magnetic field to a sample under test This method ensures that the application of the field is identically synchronized to the sample clock for each shot contained within the average It also means that each sample in the accumulated sum is identically positioned shot to shot with respect to a fixed zero time reference provided that the time between the trigger output and the event waveform is kept constant The trigger output has with respect to the trigger input a delay of around Ttod Ttoj 2 where Ttod is about 10 ns and Ttoj is 1 clock pulse The digitizing clock is started at a precise user configurable time after the trigger output pulse This is shown as StartDelay in the diagram above The allowed memory lengths start delay values and increments are shown in the table below Channels Maximum Maximum Maximum Memory Start length for length for a sampang Acquisition Acquisition a Peray Rate De vnd t Op bd Increment Maximum AP240 Single channel AP240 Dual channel i rj AP235 Single channel AP235 Dual ch
5. Debian 4 0 etch Kernel version 2 6 18 4 686 Scientific Linux 4 4 Kernel version 2 6 9 11 EL The following tar files exist with the driver and library compiled with the GNU gcc version shown AcgirisLinux 3 1a gec 3 3 tar gz compiled under Suse 9 2 with GNU gcc 3 3 AcgirisLinux 3 1a gcc 3 4 tar gz compiled under SL 4 4 with GNU gcc 3 4 AcgirisLinux 3 1a gec 4 1 tar gz compiled under Debian etch with GNU gcc 4 1 The Kernel Driver source code is available for recompilation for users with other Linux systems The appropriate tar file should be copied to a local directory e g your home directory and then unpacked by using the following command tar XeroAOcgirTrISLrnix o lacQocooX tagbagz The resulting directory AcqirisLinux contains an install script drv install and a graphical Demo program demo AcqirisDemo Before installing the driver you have to put the correct version of the Kernel mode driver into acqirisPCl o Type cd AcqirisLinux lib modules and either Cp sSOgESPCIOT n aedgrsPCLo Linux kernel 2 4 Or CD acgrsPCL kol n aSegrsPCI ko Linux kernel 2 6 where n is the running version of the Linux kernel This can be obtained by running the command uname r The following versions exist acqrsPCI 0 2 4 21 4 EL for Red Hat Enterprise Linux version 3 User Manual Family of Analyzers Page 20 of 56 acqrsPCI ko 2 6 8 3 686 for Debian 3 1 sarge acqrsPCI ko 2 6 8 24 smp for Suse 9 2 acqrsPCI ko 2 6 9 11 E
6. 24 6 MB Space available on selected lave 2950 MB 11 Furthermore you should give a name to the shortcut folder This is the menu entry under Start gt Programs where you will find the shortcuts for AcqirisLive manual s etc User Manual Family of Analyzers Page 14 of 56 jie Acqiris Software Setup Shortcut Folder Select the shortcut folder and click Next to continue Setup will add shortcut icons to the folder indicated below IF you da not want to use the default folder pon can either type a new name or select an existing folder fram the list Shortcut folder Acgins Digitize Back Cancel 12 If you have enabled the installation of 12 bit Digitizers Averagers or Analyzers the next screen lets you change the name of the directory where the FPGA firmware will be installed is Acqiris Software Setup Installation Folder Select the installation folder below la click ext ta continue Setup will install the FPGA firmware to the directory listed in the box below Ta install to a different directory either type in the new path ar click Browse to select another directory Install files to this location Space required on drive ot 3MB Space available on selected drive 3983 MB 13 AcqirisLive needs the LabWindows CVI 7 0 Run Time Engine to run If Setup has detected that a LabWindows CVI Run Time Engine is already installed on your system it will ask you if you would like to insta
7. Trigger Veto Trigger Timeout 0 00000000 sec 0 Start Delta Pos Peak Start Delta Neg Peak FH E Persistence Valid Delta Pos Peak Valid Delta Neg Peak Off C On Clear mum m Peak Values numeric APx01 Demo displays three independent windows a Digitizer Control window an Analyzer Control window and a display window The Control windows contain functions that allow you to manipulate the acquisition parameters of the card In order to display an acquired waveform connect a signal to the input and then select the Auto acquisition mode at the bottom of the Control panel A waveform should appear in the display Note that this 1s best done with the Operation Mode Digitizer Other controls in the Control panel allow you to select the optimal acquisition settings for your particular signal Each of the other Control panel functions will be discussed in detail in the following Control Panel Functions section Here is a sample result User Manual Family of Analyzers Page 46 of 56 Digitizer Control ES APx01Demo System x ioj xj Eee xj File Hardware Trigger Digitizer D AP201 y Lj 13 a dx e NoReSync C ReSyne Input al Processing Mode Nbr of Segments Input Full Scale Offset Update 26 17 sec Instrument 0 T div 100 00 us div gt 100 00 us div No Processing i 44 poo my E 0 00000 M Acq performed O Current Temp Not R
8. XA100 SPECIFICATIONS Frequency range DC to 1GHz Input impedance 50 Ohm Attenuation 3 dB VSWR DC to 1GHz 1 25 Impulse discharge current 8 20 us pulse 10 kA Weight 60 g Length 85 mm ATTENTION BOTH the 90V spark gap and the 3dB attenuator MUST be used in order to absorb very high current In order to limit the input current the attenuator MUST be inserted between the spark gap and the input of the module as shown in the figure below 3dB BNC Attenuator c N Serr 90V BNC Spark Gap SN ABS pe pe o Q by Y e E E js q l O i A az al Digitizer 90V BNC Spark Gap a Input Channel A 3dB BNC Attenuator J input Channel B Page 55 of 56 Ta Appendix B XP102 Fan Unit for the AP Family of Modules Specification and Assembly Instructions SPECIFICATIONS Airflow 16 m3 h typical speed 6500 tr min maximal noise 30 dB A Nominal Voltage 5 VDC Power input 2 1 W With electronic protection against reverse polarity impedance protected against blocking and overloading Operating temperature 0 C to 70 C Life expectancy at 25 C 50000 hours Safety approvals CE VDE UL and CSA Materials Box of stainless steel aluminium and fan of fiberglass reinforced plastic PBT housing PA impeller HOW TO INSTALL REMOVE THE FAN ON A DIGITIZER Remove the digitizer from the PC prior to installing or removing the fan unit Twist th
9. ooooooooooooooooooonoonnnnnononnnnnnnnnnnnn non non nono non nn eaa ananas 10 a A A opta E Oba ciet 10 Deez JNf ltiple VEISIOTIS iu dodi E atio eu acute edi tt md btt MM 10 21 3 InsrallatfOB rd 10 2 2 ISA MRS the Software Tor I THX susti loi e petuo I i Eee Meta teste diee iate e LPS 20 2 2 1 Sernel Mode Driver Omit any ea eso e ton Soars 21 22 2 PP CR 27 22 9 Environment variables for he Fit are ood oret ret ca wants ede rne eet nu a tt dope 22 2 9 Jnstillme the Hard ar tells 22 DAs INCE NCS riii NP TET REN 23 ZA Windows 200 Rc HET 23 DADs MUONWS A P A iod tust tede E Sade m ule tR OH SD LBS rc team tuae ud N 23 2x A O O ea ic Eua A eee 25 20 Uli the TV ECOM CD Ven fees m m m UU t 25 2 7 Distribution for Windows 2000 XP and Linux coooocnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnn nan 26 PRODUCT DESCRIP TION cstorasssra cintia 27 SN MEE nus Po e T T HT MN 27 Ie Pers MERE TO E E mE 29 Ll San al Impedance AA A A A II 29 32 2 Inn DEC CHORDS cesses E E E E em e A 29 Lio Mezzanine POMC ts aid 29 S24 Banda Wid tlt an RISE PMS nat leia tie 29 LO Input VO tace and AS SO 29 SO Neea REOOO si o id rra 30 3 27 BP Tre RE T E T UI 30 S MEME 9201 TRUST od ad RUPEE SO ne 30 3 3 a O A 30 3 025 a UT Ee 30 333 3 i Br peers gS Bion fo Cr IM T TA 30 3 3 4 is rerien a en A 31 0 Dana A EM 31 3 3 6 depor M A E o A 31 O Trigger Veto and Timeout AP101 AP201 ONLY cesses n
10. 04 1b Windows Device Diver Labwndews L V Driver LabVIEw AT Device Driver MATLAB MEX interface View orks Driver gt C Program Files ss amp cq3 D vesiarks LabVlEW Driver gt C Program FilezsM ational Instruments Labi Ew 214 nstr ibis Applications gt C Program Filess cq3 s amp eginis amp pp AcqrisLive DemoSPsi Den wSSA DerdaTE Acqiis nalyzers 16 You are now ready to install You may still go back to any previous screen to modify your selection Click Install when ready TA Acqiris Software Setup Ready to Install au are now ready to install amp cqiris Software Click Nest to continue Setup now has enough information to start installing the software IF vou would like to make any changes before continuing click Back To abort the Installation click Cancel When you are ready to start installing the software click on the Install button 17 Setup will now copy the files and make the necessary changes to your system When done an information screen will be displayed Please read this carefully User Manual Family of Analyzers Page 17 of 56 TA Acqiris Software Setup IMPORTANT Information for First fime Installation Flease read the information below and click Nest After completion of the software installation vou should shutdown your computer and install the digitizer module s Details on this are green in Chapter 2 of pour User Manual Please pay particular attention
11. 3 3 1 Trigger Source The trigger source can be a signal applied to either of the Input Channels for internal triggering or the External Trigger Input The modules provide a front panel BNC External Trigger Input The External Input provides a fully functional trigger circuit with selectable coupling level and slope The AP240 and AP235 have 50 Q termination impedance with diode protection against overload A 5 V limit on trigger signals should be respected although somewhat higher voltages for short time periods will not damage the unit The AP101 and AP201 have both 1 MQ and 50 Q termination impedance Overload protection will automatically switch the coupling from 50 Q to 1 MQ if the signal is greater than 5 V DC If 50 Q termination is selected a 5 V limit on trigger signals should be respected although somewhat higher voltages for short time periods will not damage the unit For 1 MQ input signals up to 100 V DC peak AC lt 10 KHz are allowed 3 3 2 Trigger Coupling Trigger coupling is used to select the coupling mode applied to the input of the trigger circuitry The AC LF Reject mode couples signals capacitively and removes the input signal s DC component and frequencies below 50 Hz for the AP240 and AP235 models and 50 KHz for the AP101 and AP201 DC mode allows all signal components to be passed through to the trigger circuit The AP240 and AP235 models have an HF Reject mode that removes signal components above 50 KHz Th
12. INSTALLATION covers all elements of installation and performance verification Before attempting to use your Acqiris product for actual measurements we strongly recommend that you read all sections of this chapter Chapter 3 PRODUCT DESCRIPTION provides a full description of all the functional elements of the Analyzer Chapter 4 RUNNING THE AP SSRDEMO APPLICATION describes the operation of an application that enables basic operation of Acqiris AP235 AP240 digitizers and analyzers in a Windows 2000 XP environment Chapter 5 RUNNING THE APX0IDEMO APPLICATION describes the operation of an application that enables basic operation of Acqiris AP101 AP201 digitizers and analyzers in a Windows 2000 XP environment For information necessary for writing you own software to control Acqiris products you should refer to the Programmer s Guide and the Programmer s Reference Manual 1 3 Conventions Used in This Manual The following conventions are used in this manual This icon to the left of text warns that an important point must be observed WARNING Denotes a warning which advises you of precautions to take to avoid being electrically shocked CAUTION Denotes a caution which advises you of precautions to take to avoid electrical mechanical or operational damages NOTE Denotes a note which alerts you to important information Italic text denotes a warning caution or note Bold Italic text is used to emphasize an important point in the t
13. Timeout Persistence Of COn Clear Display all channels Overlaid Segments Versions dll 4 11 3 10001 kernel 1 10 Timebase Nom C Auto C Single C Stop 4 2 Editing Fields Several different possibilities for editing the contents of each field are available Here is a list Click to select or do The Scope Recorder switch and the Acquisition mode are of this type Select the desired state When this is used with a text of the form A B A is chosen when the Black dot is present and B is chosen when it is not Click to change or do The Clear and the Calibrate action are of this type Choose from a list Coupling and Bandwidth Limit are of this type Do not attempt to use the keyboard on this kind of field Change value up down Input Full Scale Time Div Max Samples Do not attempt to use the keyboard on this kind of field Change value up down multiple arrows Nbr of Segments is of this type The left pair of arrows modifies the value by the smallest increment possible while the right pair modifies the value by a much larger amount Do not attempt to use the keyboard on this kind of field Access a lower level menu Trigger is of this type Move a slider The Offset the Delay time and the trigger level in the Trig Control menu are of this type Use the mouse to slide the arrow along the scale Numeric entry in the value window is allowed Scientific notation and common ab
14. and AqRT 4 ini files must be uploaded to the target To do this e start the MAX application e right click on the target e select file transfer e select the Aq RT inf file on your host machine and upload To Remote to the LabVIEW RT working directory NI RT system on the target e select the Aq RT ini file on your host machine and upload To Remote to the LabVIEW RT working directory NI RT system giving it the name AqDrv4 in1 For Acqiris modules which need FPGA files you should e create the folder firmware in the NI RT system directory using the file transfer application e select the FPGA files from lt AcqirisDxRoot gt Firmware you want to copy to the target and upload them into the firmware directory Restart the target after finishing the file transfers Restart the MAX Explorer and you should have Acqiris digitizers detected in your PXI system 2 6 Installing the IVI COM C Driver Please install Acqiris Software for Windows first Then the Acqiris Software CD Autorun program gives access to two installers VI Shared Components 1 4 User Manual Family of Analyzers Page 25 of 56 JIVI COM C IviAgD1 driver These must be installed in the order shown above For more information you can then consult the Readme txt file in the VI Drivers IviAqD1 folder or the documentation through the program shortcut present under Ivi IviAqD1 2 7 Distribution for Windows 2000 XP and Linux The manuals ReadMe txt file con
15. but start at the point V iy 1 The peak processing 1s done after the acquisition is completed All of the gated data has to be examined at a rate of 260 MB s Furthermore there is an overhead of around 300 ns acquisition and 250 ns peak In some cases this can reduce the maximum useable trigger rate for the histogram mode described in the next section 3 7 5 Interpolation of Peak Position and Amplitude If desired the simple peak values described above can be refined using interpolation The time and amplitude resolutions can each be increased by a factor of 16 The interpolation is done with a parabolic spline calculated using the three data points around the peak 3 7 6 Histogramming Peak Data The next logical step in the Peak option is the capability of histogramming the peak data For each peak found the histogram can be incremented either by 1 or by the ADC value of the peak This can be done for a user defined number of acquisitions If segmented acquisitions are being used the user can choose between one histogram for all of the segments or a histogram for each segment Since the buffered acquisition mode is being used the minimum time between triggers 1s about 1 us greater than the acquisition time for the data If interpolated peaks are being calculated the histogram s horizontal bin width can be selected to be a fraction of a sample interval The allowed choices are Y Y 1 8 and 1 16 of the nominal bin width Similarly the granula
16. choice between Standard and Interpolated Peaks f BuMalue Overlaped User Manual Family of Analyzers Page 45 of 56 The DetectUp and DetectDown parameters are measured in volts and give the desired StartDeltaPosPeakV and ValidDeltaPosPeakV respectively Note that Nbr RoundRobins is the number of acquisitions to be taken in each segment However each segment gets only one out of every Nbr Segments triggers Depth can be used to trade off between the maximum number of events that can be accumulated and the space required for the histogram Horz Res and Vert Res define characteristics of the histogram to take advantage of the interpolated peaks better precision Overlayed segments will accumulate all segments into a common horizontal range in the histogram individual segments will separated the segments each in its own histogram 4 4 5 Additional Controls amp Time Stamp data At the bottom of the Analyzer Control window several additional options can be set the timing of the Trigger Output pulse can be chosen as was discussed in 3 6 1 Random and Synchronized Triggers when Gates are in use the display can be configured to show the data transferred either At Acquisition time the data points will be shown on a horizontal access covering the entire acquisition or segment Concatenated full scale the data points will be shown one after another with no indication of the gap between them The horizontal scale is the same as
17. command to allow the second acquisition to start as soon as possible After the pre programmed number of waveforms 1s acquired the Analyzer terminates the acquisition cycle At this point in the autoswitch mode if the program has already indicated that the acquisition readout process is to be continued the next acquisition as well as the processing of the newly acquired data will be started The user program can then initialize readout when the processing has completed and if so desired issue the command to allow the subsequent acquisition to be started as soon as possible In the explicit mode after the program learns that the acquisition is terminated typically by interrupt it responds by switching to the other memory bank restarting a new acquisition sequence and then reading out the previously acquired waveform sequence The readout occurs while a new acquisition sequence is in progress The readout process may be restricted to pre defined sections of the acquired waveforms defined by gates Alternatively in the AP101 and AP201 the data of interest may be processed to give peak information before readout 3 7 AP235 AP240 Data processing Processing 1s either o done automatically by the Analyzer after each acquisition is completed and while the next acquisition is under way for the case of AP235 AP240 with the Peak P option using histogramming o done under control of the host computer after the acquisition is complete and before
18. coupling on the trigger sets the trigger circuit to an AC Low Frequency Trigger Coupling Reject mode In this mode the trigger 1s auto level and the level value will DC be ignored Trigger Slope Use the Level section to set the desired trigger level The relationship Positive between coupling trigger source and trigger level was discussed in section 3 3 3 Trigger Level Use the Slope section to choose the appropriate edge for the desired trigger 5 3 4 Acquisition Mode The acquisition mode of the analyzer digitizer 1s selected using one of four acquisition mode buttons in the Acquisition section of the Control panel Available acquisition modes are Auto digitizer only Normal Single and Stop The use of each of the acquisition modes is described below In the discussion a valid trigger indicates a trigger signal meeting the trigger conditions at a time when the digitizer 1s armed and ready to acquire data Stop will stop the acquisition and hold the latest complete acquisition on the display Single mode is used in order to capture one event at the first valid trigger or the desired number of segments for that many valid triggers It freezes the acquisition in the digitizer s memory and on the display until the user requests another acquisition After an acquisition is taken in Single mode the digitizer will ignore subsequent trigger events until the Single button is pressed again or another acquisition mode is select
19. in the acquisition 3 8 2 Simple peak detection In this mode the data for each user gate region will be examined and the minimum and maximum values and their positions will be defined as the negative and positive peaks respectively 3 8 3 Peak detection with Hysteresis This mode provides a more sophisticated method of analyzing the data in each user gate region The final result will be at most one positive and one negative peak per gate The processing algorithm for the positive peak search is as follows pl Starting at the first data point of the gate d 0 skip through the data until the data point value exceeds the minimum value observed by StartDeltaPosPeak The search terminates at the end of the gate Let 1s be the data point index satisfying this test then d is gt min d 0 d 1s StartDeltaPosPeak p2 Continue scanning through the data until the data point value is less than the maximum value observed less ValidDeltaPosPeak The search terminates at the end of the gate Let iy be the data point index satisfying this test and iu be the data point index of the maximum then d iy max d is d 1y and diy dlim ValidDeltaPosPeak p3 Record the value and position of the accepted maximum data point if any There will be a result if condition pl above is satisfied The same algorithm is repeated for the negative peak search with the obvious modifications namely nl Starting at the first data point of
20. in the case above This is useful to judge the effectiveness of the data reduction Concatenated auto scale the data points will be shown one after another with no indication of the gap between them The horizontal scale is adjusted for each event to show the data transferred with maximum resolution Trigger Gate display The FP I O P1 and P2 DPU Control can be set to allow Ma ReSunc At Trigger for the hardware reset of the trigger time stamp counter C ReSync C Concatenate The time stamp data associated with each trigger can C FreeRun Coneat Scaled be displayed by clicking on the Show TimeStamps button Thereafter the display can be updated on FP 120 P1 FP 1 0 P2 ene 0 Disabled 0 Disabled l ooo Show TimeStamps The choices above apply to the selected channel only Closing the Display window will terminate the execution of the AP SSRDemo program If desired the Display of waveforms can be turned off To do this select the top line menu item Hardware to get to click on the option Disable display 4 4 6 Waveform storage Acquired waveforms can be saved to disk by the AP SSRDemo program This feature can be accessed by way of the File item in the top line menu as Save Waveform or Save Waveform As Alternatively the two icons h shown here can be used to activate these functions If this is the first time waveform storage is being m used in the current run of the program the Save Waveform As variant m
21. or red when the power is applied there is a severe problem Either the module is broken or the necessary voltages for its use are not available Devices that were installed using a previous version of Acqiris Software the instruments in these logical positions will still appear as Unknown Devices This can be changed to the new Acqiris type category with the Grey Diamond icon by Uninstalling the device and then Installing again Instructions on this procedure can be found in the ReadMe txt file in the manuals folder of your Acqiris Software installation User Manual Family of Analyzers Page 22 of 56 2 4 After Restarting 2 4 1 Windows 2000 Under Windows 2000 you must login with administrator privileges after the first boot following the hardware installation the Plug amp Play system must have the appropriate privileges to be able to complete your hardware installation successfully After a successful hardware installation you will be able to use your Acqiris Digitizer s with normal privileges At the first boot following the hardware installation Windows will detect the new hardware and will install the devices automatically The following image will appear Found New Hardware gt Acqiis PCI Instrument Installing NOTE In some systems an application program such as AcqirisLive will not yet work correctly at this point One additional boot cycle may be needed if this is the first time that a hardware board is being i
22. respect to the input trigger time as a function of sampling rate is shown in the table below In order to preserve the timing accuracy of successively summed acquisitions the AP101 AP201 also offer a Resync mode where the jitter 1s limited to 200 ps at the highest sampling rate Sampling Clock Synchronization with respect to Trigger Input Sample Rate Resynchronized Mode Non Resynchronized Mode AP201 or AP101 or AP201 or AP101 or AP240 AP235 AP240 AP235 AP240 AP235 AP240 A P235 single channel Dual channel Single channel Dual channel 268i eXOp ssop 500 MS El iim 400 MSI The Resync mode is the preferred method for applications where the acquisition jitter and the trigger out jitter must be minimized to avoid the reproducibility problems possibly associated with the higher jitter found when using the Non Resync mode 3 6 2 Time Base Range The Time Base Range defines the time period over which data is being acquired For example the AP240 can have an acquisition memory of 16 Mpoints and maximum sampling rate of 2 GS s Therefore at the maximum sampling rate the Analyzer can record a signal over a time period of up to 8 ms 16 Mpoints 0 5 ns point The time base range can be adjusted by varying the amount of acquisition memory or the sampling rate of the Analyzer 3 6 3 Dual Bank Memory amp Buffered Sequence Acquisition Digitizers acquire waveforms in association with triggers Each waveform is made
23. the gate skip through the data until the data point value falls below the minimum value observed by StartDeltaNegPeak The search terminates at the end of the gate This means that d is lt max d 0 d 15 StartDeltaNeg Peak n2 Continue scanning through the data until the data point value is greater than the minimum value observed plus ValidDeltaPosPeak The search terminates at the end of the gate This means that d iy min d is d 1y and d iy gt d iu ValidDeltaNegPeak n3 Record the value and position of the accepted minimum data point if any There will be a result if condition nl above is satisfied 3 8 4 Peak Interpolation Data in the bins around the simple peak positions can be used to give better values of the peak position and amplitude This additional processing is done in the host computer using data around the identified peaks It can be invoked independently of how the peaks are detected A 3 point spline calculation of the peak position and amplitude is used User Manual Family of Analyzers Page 38 of 56 3 9 External Clock and Reference For applications where the user wants to replace the internal clock of the Analyzer and drive the ADC with an external source an External Clock or Reference signal input is available The Clock or Reference signals can be entered into the Analyzer via the MMCX CK connector on the front panel When using an External Clock the user must ensure that the input sig
24. the readout is started In the simplest case this processing does nothing to the data and terminates immediately If real processing is needed the throughput is 260 MS s ignoring start up effects associated with each gate and overhead for each peak found The actual amount of data to be processed can be reduced significantly by intelligent use of the gate definition and of the processing parameters for the peak detection 3 7 1 User Gates Gates can be used to define regions of interest within an acquisition segment This can be used to limit the amount of data to be transferred or as a starting point for peak detection processing A gate is defined as a range of data defined by a first sample and the number of samples in the gate Both the first sample and the number of samples must be multiples of 4 except 8 for an AP201 or an AP235 AP240 in single channel mode An arbitrary number of gates up to 4095 can be defined They are used for each segment in the acquisition 3 7 2 Threshold gates The data itself can also be used to define the regions of interest The threshold gate mechanism selects regions of data to be transferred if the data value exceeds a user defined threshold This selection algorithm can also be used for data less than the user defined threshold if the data inversion option is chosen The number of samples selected as interesting will always be a multiple of 4 and will start and end on a block of 4 samples defined from the a
25. the readout overhead associated with more data ali le a Gate Length The Invert Data option can be enabled to allow the peak definition to select negative going peaks The Load and Save options can be used to store recall predefined sets of gates 4 4 3 Threshold Gate definition For the Threshold Gate mode the selectors for the Maximum number of gates per segment the Fixed Number of Samples after the first one satisfying the threshold condition the number of PreSamples and the number of PostSamples will be shown Setting MaxNbrGates 0 and or FixedNbrSamples 0 disables their functions The Invert Data option can be enabled to allow the Threshold Gates to select data below the Threshold setting and the peak definition to select negative going peaks Gates Channel 1 Invert Data Threshold Gatez 25000 if Fixed Hbr Samples Threshold Peak detection Mas Nbr Gates Interpalated Peaks Processing made Detectlip f zig 0 s Fre Samples D etectD on Fost Samples Histogram Histagram Mode Histogram Enabled EUR zT TDC Nbr RoundRobins 1 x 4 4 4 Peak mode Peak and Histogram definition Depth Horz Hes Vert Hes e E i E E The fragment of the Analyzer Control window shown here can be 32 bits 14 1 used to select the peak detection parameters and the histogram to REST be accumulated nerement Segments By One icc The Processing mode allows a
26. time window or capture time 100 pre trigger is achieved by setting the Delay to capture time A 100 pre trigger delay means the trigger point is at the right edge of the display and all of the data in the acquired waveform were captured just prior to the trigger event Maximum Post trigger delay settings depend on the sample interval used Post trigger delays are adjustable up to 200 Mpoints 4 3 3 Operation Mode When the program first appears it 1s in the Digitize operating mode Sooner or later you will want to go over to one of the analyzer modes You can only change operation mode 1f the acquisition mode is STOP After this change several fields in the Digitizer Control window will become GREY to show that they are no longer active The Analyzer Control window or TDC should be present after the switch If it 1s not click on the SSR button to make it reappear 4 3 4 Trigger Trigger characteristics are set using the settings in the Trig Control sub menu The trigger source setting can be either Internal trigger on any one of the input channels or External trigger on an external input The trigger class is always Edge User Manual Family of Analyzers Trigger Source Channel 1 m Trigger Class DC Trigger Slope Positive m Level Edge Trigger Coupling Page 43 of 56 The Coupling setting can be AC DC or Hfrej coupling Use the Level section to set the desired trigger leve
27. we strongly recommend installing the software before inserting the hardware into the PC 2 1 Installing the Software under Windows 2 1 1 Warnings If Setup detects a previous installation of Acqiris software on your system a warning screen will be displayed It 1s recommended to exit Setup and uninstall older versions The installer from software releases prior to Acqiris Software 2 0 installed the Digitizer Driver DLL files into the System directory These will be removed by Setup If you wish to keep the old installation on your system you should exit Setup and move all Acqiris driver files acqiris acqrs and acqir to some archive directory The DLL files will be installed into the bin subdirectory of the Acqiris software root and the corresponding path will be added to the PATH environment variable 2 1 2 Multiple Versions With the software installation from Acqiris Software 2 0 or above it is possible to keep multiple versions on the same system but you must specify a different root directory i e Install Folder If you keep the same directory Setup will overwrite your previous installation To go back to a previous version you must change the PATH environment variable and reinstall the Kernel driver Under Windows 2000 XP l Copy the SYS file from lt old_AcgirisSoftware_root gt bin kernel to the Windows System32 drivers directory 2 Change the AcqirisDxRoot AcqirisDxDir and PATH environment variables to the
28. 0 2 0 or 5 0 V The external trigger level can then be set to values in the range 0 5 FS The AP101 and AP201 models have an external trigger range of 3 V User Manual Family of Analyzers Page 30 of 56 The AP series Analyzers will trigger on signals with a peak peak amplitude gt 15 FS from DC to their bandwidth limit 3 3 4 Trigger Slope The trigger slope defines the direction of the signal that will be used to initiate the acquisition when it passes through the specified trigger level Positive slope indicates that the signal is transitioning from a lower voltage to a higher voltage Negative slope indicates the signal is transitioning from a higher voltage to a lower voltage 3 3 5 External Trigger Output When the module is ready to be triggered and a valid trigger signal occurs a trigger output is generated for external use It is always available on the Front Panel Trigger Out MMCX connector NOTE The External Trigger Output functionality is implemented in the hardware No Trigger Out signal occurs for software generated triggers such as those of the AUTO mode of APx01Demo or through the use of the function AcqrsDI forceTrigger Trigger Output Block diagram Signal 1 6V swing Ov centered Trigger Out Offset 2 5 V The output swing is 1 6 V 0 8 V when unloaded and 0 8 V when terminated on 50 Q The rise and fall times are 2 5 ns typical The offset can be adjusted by software control in the range 2 5
29. A points the number of segments and the delays after receiving the trigger and taking the data are set in the Analyzer Control window Only the sampling rate is taken over from the Digitizer Control window However the Digitizer Control window display of the acquisition s horizontal parameters is still valid 2 x Timebaze Mbr Segments Start Delay 0 Stop Delay Nbr Samples 20000 SA D 4 4 2 User Gate definition For further processing or readout data reduction the analyzer mode has the concept of gates regions of interest after the trigger for each segment of an acquisition The gates can be defined in the part of the Analyzer Control window shown here Each channel has its own definition hates Channel 1 For the User Gate mode shown below the number of gates together invert Data User Gates W Com Values Nbr Gates 04256 with their length and starting position can be modified as needed As soon as more than one Gate is available the field to the right of the sign can be used to select a gate for editing Note that the Gate Length is to the left of the Gate Position which implies that it has priority This means that Gate Position will be forced to satisfy the 1 relation Gate Position lt Waveform Length Gate Length Gate Position The Individual gate mode is what will normally be used when there is more than one region of interest The Common gate mode is useful to judge
30. A Acqiris Software Setup User Information Please fill ii pour user information and click Nest to continue ou must complete these fields in order to continue with the setup Mame You name Company Your compar Back Cancel 4 Please enter your user information and click Next to continue If the program finds that there is still Acqiris software installed on your machine a warning panel not shown will appear Otherwise the next screen shows User Manual Family of Analyzers Page 11 of 56 ies Acqiris Software Setup Select Module Families Select one or more module Familles and click Next to continue Please select one or more module Families that you may want to use below 8bit and or 10 bit Digitizers Al module families 12bit Digitizers Averagers Analyzers Time Counters 5 Pick the desired combination of module families and click Next to continue lA Acqiris Software Setup Install Manuals Make your choice below and click Next to continue Please check the box below if you want access to Acqins Manuals on your system copy to disk and create shortcuts All of the available User and Reference Manuals will be installed v Enable Documentation Installation Cancel 5 The screen above will normally allow the documentation to be installed Remove the check from the box if you do not want online access to the manuals Back 6 The next screen al
31. A l INPUT Signal input B Channel 2 input BNC 2 B 2 TRIGGER IN Trigger input BNC 3 IS User configurable see below MMCX I O A TRIGOUT Signal occurs after an accepted TRIGGER It is synchronous to the MMCX TR acquisition Clock and can be used to trigger events synchronously to the acquisition clock A User configurable MMCX I O B CLKEXT 50 Q External clock External reference Input MMCX CK MMCX DPU PI o w o la timestamp reset O l Meu The I O A I O B Pl and P2 signals are 3 3 V compatible CMOS This means that on input low is lt 0 7 V and high must be in the range 1 7 V 5 0 V An unconnected signal will be high This definition ensures TTL compatibility On output the low level will be in the range 0 V 0 7 V and the high level in the range 1 7 V 3 3 V for HiZ The high level output will typically give 0 8 V into 50 Q The I O A or B connectors can be used for the following output signals 10 MHz reference clock Acquisition is active Trigger is armed They can also be used for Enable trigger input for the AP101 AP201 3 11 Internal Calibration The software drivers supplied include calibration functions for the timing gain and offset settings which can be executed upon user request The Analyzers are never calibrated in an automatic way i e as a side effect of another operation This ensures programmers have full control of all calibrations performed through software in order to maintain proper event synchro
32. Because of their mass the cards can vibrate loose unless they are properly secured and braced DP cards held only in the front and on the bottom should not be shipped in their PC However properly mounted DP cards with XP103 or XP105 fans can be sufficiently well held the Adjustable retainer must be used so as to hold the card in place To package the instrument for shipping Step 1 Place the instrument in its original packaging materials 2 Surround the instrument with at least 3 to 4 inches 8 to 10 cm of its original packing material or bubble pack to prevent the instrument from moving in its shipping container 3 After wrapping it with packing material place the instrument in its original shipping container or a strong shipping container that is made of double walled corrugated cardboard with 159 kg 350 lb bursting Notes e If the original packaging materials are not available use a professional packaging service Contact your Agilent Service Center for more information e The shipping container must be large and strong enough to accommodate your instrument and allow at least 3 to 4 inches 8 to 10 cm on all sides for packing material strength 4 Seal the shipping container securely with strong nylon adhesive tape 5 Mark the shipping container FRAGILE HANDLE WITH CARE to help ensure careful handling 6 Use the address obtained from your Agilent Technologies Service Center 7 Retain copies of all s
33. Ese mT EE 38 AS PEAK delecuon WII YyStEreS Sta 38 Dod Peak MMC EMO A daa 38 Md Etoma Clock and Reterenicr a a a a 39 3 10 Front Panel laputis o TA 39 3 11 M rmal ADEA OU lps 39 32 Electrical Environmental and Physical Specifications ccccccccccesceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeees 40 SUMMER e E c A Rav ve Mann aaae ooo teas 40 3512 2 environmental and Pays casa 40 4 RUNNING THE AP SSRDEMO APPLICATION ee eee eee n e ouo n aeta n uo ones eaae e IIo s aae s eae e sean sanae taisa 41 4l Getine started Mia PS SARDINA 41 ka Eda Preescolar etas teet eM ee s ene Rie Dt Neo ores 42 T5 Digitizer Control Paneland FUNCIONS eot toas 42 4 3 1 Input Voltage Scale Offset Coupling and Bandwidth sse 43 432 JDigiuzor Limnobase did MO eco ien eii 43 4 3 3 Operation ModE aene Ea 43 4 3 4 A O NE QN ON ease A A E A A 43 4 3 5 Extemal Clock 44 4 3 6 Control TO SEUS a 44 454 ACQUISIION MO Ai 44 Ao DISpla OD HOFPS aan 44 44 Analyzer Control Panel and Funcliofis d to Bede a s End E Seo reus 44 4 4 10 Analyzer Timebase and Memory oococcccccnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnonononnnnnononononnnnnnnnnnnnnn nn non ahhh hahaha sisi aas a assa asas asas aaa 45 Ad Usar Gale Ceri WOM T TO OE D T T LE ES 45 4 4 3 Threshold Gate det OHIO A oa AE pa rte epos as 45 4 4 4 Peak mode Peak and Histogram definition eerte et 45 4 4 5 Additional Controls amp Time Sta
34. L for Scientific Linux 4 4 acqrsPCI ko 2 6 18 4 686 for Debian 4 0 etch To install the driver and the load script to the system you have to get super user privileges and execute the driver install script by typing ed AcqirisLinux drv install add You can check that the driver is loaded properly with 1smod or dmesg The drv install script has the following additional functionality drv install rem to remove the driver and load script drv install res to restart the driver If you intend to use an Averager an Analyzer or a 12 Bit Digitizer you must install the Firmware bit files You can either copy them from the Firmware directory of the CD ROM or download them from our WEB site They should be placed in the Firmware subdirectory of AcqirisLinux In the case of the CD ROM this can be done by continuing the above command sequence with the following cp mnt CDRom Firmware bit Firmware 2 2 1 Kernel Mode Driver Compilation For some special kernels for example SMP the kernel mode driver will have to be recompiled on the target system All files needed to compile a new kernel mode driver are in AcqirisLinux linuxdriverpci for Kernel 2 4 or in AcqirisLinux linux2 6driverpci for Kernel 2 6 The makefile can be used for compilation under a standard compatible distribution To compile the driver the kernel header files need to be installed Furthermore depending on the Linux distribution the kernel source files may need to be instal
35. V 42 5 V unloaded or 1 25 V 1 25 V into 50 2 The maximum output current capability is 15 mA As the output is retro terminated it is possible to drive a 50 Q line unterminated HiZ without loss of performance For a TTL compatible signal set the offset to 1 0 V and the swing at destination will be 0 2 to 1 8 V gp TIL 220 signal For an ECL compatible signal terminated on 50 Q to 1 2 V set the offset to 1 2 V and the output will be in the range 0 8 V 1 6 V d Trigger Out i With Alternatively to reduce the current drawn from the digitizer the With 220 Of terminations below can be used Offset 1 18V GND 1 18V sy 3 3 6 Trigger Status The front panel includes a tri color LED indicator to show the status of the trigger When the LED is green it indicates the trigger is armed and waiting for a valid trigger to occur Red indicates that the trigger has occurred the acquisition is complete and the data is waiting to be readout The user can override the default functions and program the LED color in an application specific manner 3 3 7 Trigger Veto and Timeout AP101 AP201 ONLY Certain applications can generate a Prepare for Trigger signal that can be generated just before a window in time for an acceptable trigger An Analyzer in the buffered data acquisition mode see AcqrsD1_configMode can be configured to recognize the Prepare for Trigger signal on the MMCX IO A or B connector see AcqrsD1_co
36. XZ030 AGILENT ACOIRIS USER MANUAL FAMILY OF ANALYZERS Models covered AP235 AP240 with SSR AP235 AP240 with Peak PC AP101 AP201 AXE Agilent Technologies User Manual Family of Analyzers ZM020040G RevD June 2007 The information in this document is subject to change without notice and may not be construed in any way as a commitment by Agilent Technologies Inc While Agilent Technologies makes every effort to ensure the accuracy and contents of the document it assumes no responsibility for any errors that may appear All software described in the document is furnished under license The software may only be used and copied in accordance with the terms of license Instrumentation firmware is thoroughly tested and thought to be functional but it is supplied as is with no warranty for specified performance No responsibility is assumed for the use or the reliability of software firmware or any equipment that 1s not supplied by Agilent Technologies Inc or its affiliated companies Any versions of this manual which are supplied with a purchased product will be replaced at your request with the latest revision in electronic format At Agilent Technologies we appreciate and encourage customer input If you have a suggestion related to the content of this manual or the presentation of information please contact your local Acqiris representative or Acqiris Technical Support support gacqiris com or come visit our web site at http ww
37. als in electronic form Signal Analyzers Streamer Analyzers Family of 8 bit Digitizers Family of 10 bit Digitizers Family of 12 bit Digitizers Family of Averagers Family of Analyzers Family of Time Counters CCIOX Family of CompactPCI Crates and CCI21 CompactPCI Crate o Programmer s Guide and 1 Programmer s Reference Manual o device drivers with sample software for different operating systems environments and languages o the AcqirisAnalyzers application a demonstration program for the AC SC Analyzer products o the AcqirisLive application a demonstration program for our digitizer and averager products o the DemoSSR application a demonstration program for the Acqiris AP235 AP240 Analyzers o the DemoAPX01 application a demonstration program for the Acqiris AP101 AP201 Analyzers o the DemoTC application a demonstration program for the Acqiris TC840 TC890 Time Counters o product data sheets o full installation procedures for use with Microsoft Windows National Instruments LabVIEW RT Wind River VxWorks IVI COM C and Linux software e A declaration of conformity e Optional documentation such as a model dependent document giving Specifications amp Characteristics a Calibration Certificate or a Performance Verification After carefully unpacking all items inspect each to ensure there are no signs of visible damage Also check that all the components received match those listed on the enclosed packing list Agilent Tech
38. an analyzer 3 4 1 Timing A crystal controlled time base is used to generate the clock of the digitizer Clock accuracy 1s better than 2 ppm and individual sample points are recorded with better than 10 ps lt 2 ps rms of sampling jitter 3 4 2 Sampling Rate The AP series Analyzers include an analog to digital converter ADC that can sample waveforms in real time at rates from 1 or 2 GS s 0 5 ns per point down to 100 S s 10 ms per point The sampling rate can be programmed and is selectable in a 1 2 2 5 4 5 sequence 1 e 100 MS s 200 MS s 250 MS s 400 MS s 500 MS s 1GS s 2GS s The data of all of the active channels is acquired synchronously all of the ADC s are acquiring data at the same time to within a small fraction of the maximum sampling rate 3 5 Data Acquisition Digitizer Mode 3 5 1 Acquisition Memory and Time Base Range Digitizer Mode Data from the ADC are stored in on board acquisition memory The amount of memory in use for acquisition can be programmed and is selectable from 2 points to 261350 points the full amount of acquisition memory available Note that the analyzer mode memory is much greater For technical reasons a certain memory overhead is required for each waveform reducing the available memory by a small amount In order to simplify programming an interface function recommends the best sampling rate and the maximum possible number of data points taking into account the availabl
39. annel AP201 AP101 The minimum StartDelay that achieved when the user configurable time is set to 0 depends on the sampling rate as shown in the table below StartDelay AP240 AP201 AP101 Sampling Single i Dual Dual Rate channel channel channel 265i 2 GS s 1 GS s 582 22 6 EH T CT ES A iet io pro s Js jo fs It should also be noted that when the user configurable StartDelay is 0 the first few data points of data called Zero points in the table above are automatically set to 128 bottom of the range and should be ignored The module can be used to limit the system s overall event rate A rate adjustment delay StopDelay can be programmed in steps from zero to the model maximum with the same range and resolution as StartDelay For maximum acquisition rates StopDelay should be set to zero User Manual Family of Analyzers Page 34 of 56 3 6 1 Random and Synchronized Triggers The Analyzers have two trigger synchronization modes Non Resync or Resync Normally the user s trigger input is not synchronized with respect to the internal sampling clock In Non Resync mode the internal trigger signal which generates the trigger output and starts the digitizing clock after StartDelay is not resynchronized with respect to the internal sampling clock The trigger output is synchronized with respect to the sampling clock to better than 100 ps The jitter 1 e the variation of the position of the clock with
40. archiving captured data in ASCII AP SSRDemo is provided free with the purchase of any Acqiris Analyzer We supply drivers on the CDROM for National Instruments LabWindows CVI LabVIEW Microsoft Visual C Visual Basic and Visual Basic NET We also provide some examples GetStarted applications as a guide or starting point for programmers developing their own applications to interface with the AP Analyzers or Averagers and the DC or DP series digitizer cards When you start AP SSRDemo a display like that shown below appears It has two independent windows lili Digitizer Control EE 71 x J AP240 5n17767 y Fie Hardware Reset MENO E LAS Chan 47 1 y Update 0 00 sec T diw 1 00 us diw gt 1 00 us div Acqread 0 Current Temp Not Read FScale 5 0 V gt 50V Input Full Scale Offset Acq shown 0 5v sj 0 00000 V Coupling Bandwidth Limit pc 50 y None y Timebase scope Reside Time div Max Samples 100 us z 10K Chan Combination Delay 1x C 2x 0s 1x All channels 4 gt Dperation Mades Nbr of Segments Digitize Y 1 Ext Clk Internal Clock 1 Seament s of Control I0 10000 S amples at 100 ns per Sample Special coa Moda Calibrate Reread C Mom Auto C Singe Stop 2s ii Timeout Persistence Of On Clear Display all channels Overlaid Segments Versions dll 4 11 3 10001 kermel 1 10 SS When the operation mod
41. ata reduction through selective readout of pre defined gates in each waveform segment 1s also possible Furthermore the AP235 AP240 models implement a threshold gate readout mode that allows data driven readout of interesting data only AP235 AP240 models with the Peak P option and the AP101 AP201 models support data processing to find peaks in the gates Front panel control signals In order to ease the integration and synchronization of the Analyzer in a large variety of systems a number of input and output signals are made available on the instruments front panel Two MMCX connectors are dedicated to the Trigger Output and the Clock Reference input while two other MMCX connectors can be programmed for a variety of different usages such as Trigger Ready 10 MHz Reference Out or Sequence Stop The AP235 AP240 offer the possibility of hardware reset of the segment timestamps through the P1 or P2 MMCX connectors High Data Throughput All of the Acqiris Analyzers can easily be integrated into any standard computer with 1 free long PCI slot that provides the 3 3 V supply and adequate power required by the cards Acquired data can be transferred in DMA mode directly to the processor over the PCI bus at rates of up to 100 Mbytes per second 4 ms for a 100 kpoints record 10 ms for a 250 kpoints record including DMA set up time overhead Page 26 of 56 3 2 Channel Input The principle characteristics of the input channels are given in the ta
42. aveform Length Stop Delay 5 4 2 Gate definition For further processing or readout data reduction the analyzer mode has the concept of gates regions of interest after the Gate Option On Olt trigger for each segment of an acquisition The gates can be defined in the part of the Analyzer Control window shown here Late Settings H 01 0 256 The On Off switch selects whether the readout will be done ibr Gat with without the gates This choice is only available for the case A of No Processing 1 4 The number of gates together with their length and starting Gate Length Pare Bachan position can be modified as needed As soon as more than one x Gate is available the field to the right of the sign can be used to 256 EE 22 select a gate for editing Note that the Gate Length 1s to the left of the Gate Position which implies that it has priority This means that Gate Position will be forced to satisfy the relation Gate Position lt Waveform Length Gate Length 5 4 3 Trigger Veto and Timeout These parameters were discussed in 3 3 7 Trigger Veto and Trigger Veto Trigger Timeout Timeout and can be set in the Analyzer Control window section aja A a secon o 00000000 sec 23 O 24 User Manual Family of Analyzers Page 52 of 56 5 4 4 Hysteresis Mode Peak Parameters These parameters were discussed in 3 8 3 Peak detection with start Delta Pos Peak start Delta Neg Peak Hysteresis and their values can be
43. ble below Model Bandwidth Minimum BW Limiter Maximum Maximum Other Agilent into 50 Q Rise Time selections Full Scale Offset paracularibes AP240 0 35 ns 20 200 700 MHz 2 channels U1082A AP235 20 200 MHz 2 channels U1082A AP101 0 5 GHz for gt 25 MHz 1 channel with 2 AP201 50 mV FS selectable inputs U1081A 200 MHz 50 mV FS 3 2 1 Coupling amp Impedance Two 50 2 signal input BNC connectors are provided The AP240 and AP235 are two channel modules In the case of the AP101 and AP201 these two connectors are multiplexed to the module s input The active input may be selected by software to allow connection of one of the two possible signal sources The 50 2 coupling offers high quality termination with better than 1 precision It is ideally suited for use with 50 Q transmission lines All modules offer DC coupling The AP240 and AP235 also provide AC coupling with a 32 Hz cutoff frequency 3 2 2 Input Protection The input amplifiers are fully protected against over voltage signals The device can tolerate an input current of up to 40A for 1 us without damage to the front end electronics For extreme cases such as detector sparking an external coaxial spark gap and attenuator can be supplied on request See Appendix A XA100 BNC Input Overvoltage Protection 3 2 3 Mezzanine Front end The front end electronics are all mounted on a removable mezzanine card In the event of accidental damage or as componen
44. breviations m u n p S V can be used Values above or to the left of other values have precedence over the latter Selection fields that are gray are not active for the current configuration 4 3 Digitizer Control Panel and Functions The Digitizer Control panel provides all of the features needed to use the Analyzer in the digitizer mode Some of these controls are also active when the analyzer mode is in use All of the controls are described in the sections below User Manual Family of Analyzers Page 42 of 56 4 3 1 Input Voltage Scale Offset Coupling and Bandwidth Settings for selecting the channel voltage scale offset coupling and bandwidth limit are available in the portion of the Digitizer Control panel shown to the right The settings are also applicable for the Analyzer 4 3 2 Digitizer Timebase and more Digitizer timebase characteristics are set using the settings in the Digitizer Control panel shown here They are not applicable to the Analyzer Operation Mode that will be discussed below However the settings in the Trigger Ext Clk and Control IO sub menus are applicable to both modes The Ext CIk and Control IO sub menus are for advanced users and will not be presented in detail There are two timebase control panel modes available Scope Mode and Recorder mode The choice of mode is entirely determined by the preference of the user Both modes provide the same set of functional capabilities
45. but display the settings slightly differently In both modes it is possible to set the memory depth and the sample speed independently within the limits of the maximum available memory However the two modes differ in the following way In Scope Mode shown to the right the user selects the time window time per div and the sampling rate will be adjusted to the fastest possible within the limits of the available memory The maximum available memory is programmable Timebase In Transient recorder Lhan 2 Input Full Scale Coupling DC 50 Timebaze Time dr zl ns Char Combination Jet 2h Ix All channels Operation Modes Lugitize Intemal Clock 1 Seugment s al 00 Samples al 1 nz per Sample Offset ES E V 0 00000 v Bandwidth Limit None E i Delay Us Ww NH H Nbr af Segments Trigger Ext Chk Control IE Specral mode shown to the left the user selects the sampling rate and the number of samples This 1s closer to the kind of setup used in the Sampling Frequency Nbr af Samples ail F 1000 0000 MS 00 analyzer mode Chan Combination Delay f le C 28 TI E All channels al The trigger Delay setting positions the acquisition with respect to the trigger Pre trigger values are negative and are selectable in the range of 0 to 10 timebase The value 10 timebase is equivalent to the
46. cally Recommended C Install from a list or specific location Advanced Chick Next to continue 4 Back To proceed with the installation click Next You should then see Found New Hardware Wizard Please wait while the wizard installs the software Aciis PCI Instrument 2 m 5 etting a T yste m restare point and backing up ald files in case your system needs to be restored in the future M Eh Eire and then User Manual Family of Analyzers Page 24 of 56 Found New Hardware Wizard Completing the Found New Hardware Wizard The wizard has Finished installing the software for O Acqins PEI Instrument Chick Finish to close the wizard ancal NOTE In some systems an application program such as AcqirisLive will not yet work correctly at this point One additional boot cycle may be needed if this is the first time that a hardware board is being installed 2 5 LabVIEW RT During program development you can choose whether you use LabVIEW or LabVIEW RT compatible libraries by switching the version present in National Instruments LabVIEW m n instr lib This swap can be facilitated by using the Install VI library for LabVIEW or LabVIEW Real Time shortcut available in the Shortcut folder under Start Programs There is only one Acqiris Driver It supports all Acqiris Instruments The instructions below concern LabVIEW RT as used in NI PXI processors The Aq_RT inf
47. cquisition start The interesting region will start with the first block of 4 which has a data value above threshold and end after the block of four in which the data drops down below threshold In dual channel acquisition if the below threshold uninteresting region between two selected points does not contain a data point interval 16 n 1 16 n 32 for some value of n the data involved will be combined into a common gate and all of the points in between will be selected In the case of single channel acquisition this interval becomes 32 n 1 32 n 64 In other words for the dual channel case if the interval between two points above threshold does not contain an aligned to a multiple of 16 block of 32 below threshold points the data will be combined into a single gate Given that a region 1s selected for transfer the user can select an additional number of samples 0 4 8 12 or 16 both before and after it for the final transfer Alternatively the number of samples before and the total number of samples can be chosen The subtleties of these definitions imply that all gates should be examined carefully for multiple pulses and that data of interest may be lost if the total number of samples demanded is less than those in a combined gate region There is a limit of 8192 on the number of gates that can be transferred for a single acquisition on a single channel Thus any threshold gate waveform with 8192 gates may be incomplete To help avoid this overflo
48. cquisition mode is just a special case of the Sequence Acquisition mode with the number of segments set to l Sequence acquisition enables successive events which can occur within a very short time to be captured and stored without loss A crucial feature of Sequence Acquisition mode is that it has a very fast trigger rearm time A fast trigger rearm helps produce very low dead time less than 800 ns for the highest available sampling rates between the segments of a sequence acquisition The dead time is the period after the end of an event when the card cannot digitize data for a new trigger event To complement this mode of operation the digitizer can also measure and store the arrival time of each trigger using the information from the on board TTI Trigger Time Interpolator Readout of Software ACQUIRE Tst ACORDY Trigger Input Ttid lt gt Ttoj Trigger Output StartDelay NbrSamples StopDelay Data Acquisition status A i 4 Acquire Acquire 1st data last data 1st TRIGGER the individual trigger time stamps makes it possible to determine the time from one trigger to any other trigger in the sequential acquisition The TTI resolution sets the resolution of the trigger time stamps 3 6 Data Acquisition Analyzer mode Before the Analyzer starts digitizing signals it must be armed and in a ready state Arming the module is done by software ACQUIRE command If the Analyzer is
49. e 2 6 8 3 686 kernel headers 2 6 686 kernel headers 2 6 8 3 kernel headers 2 6 8 3 686 kernel kbuild 2 6 3 User Manual Family of Analyzers Page 21 of 56 gt gt 2 2 2 Special cases If you are running a Linux distribution that doesn t use the standard paths for the load scripts you can load the driver with the command cd AcqirisLinux drv install load Copy the driver to the module directory as follows cp lib modules acqrsPCI o n lib modules kv ACOIRIS acqrsPCI o where n is the optional designation of the desired version of the acqrsPCI driver as given above and kv is the appropriate system kernel version obtained with uname r i e 2 4 20 Then add the following command to etc rc local sbin insmod f lib modules kv ACQIRIS acqrsPCI o For systems using udev the dynamic dev hierarchy it may be convenient to automatically create the dev acqrsPCI node at boot To do this add the following command to the etc rc local file sbin mknod m 666 dev acqrsPCI c 124 0 2 2 3 Environment variables for the Firmware Automatic loading of the firmware needed by 12 bit analyzer and averager modules relies on the environment variable AcqirisDxDir pointing to the directory containing the file AqDrv4 ini which in turn points to the directory containing the Firmware bit files Therefore assuming that your Firmware 1s in usr local AcqirisLinux Firmware and that AqDrv4 ini is in usr local Acq
50. e Display of waveforms can be turned off To do this select the top line menu item Hardware to get to click on the option Disable display Other features of the Display window are discussed in the following sections 5 5 1 Waveform storage Acquired waveforms can be saved to disk by the APx01Demo program This feature can be accessed by way of the File item in the top line menu as Save Waveform or Save Waveform As Alternatively the two icons shown here can be used to activate these functions If this is the first time waveform storage 1s being m used in the current run of the program the Save Waveform As variant must be used so that a file name and destination folder can be chosen Thereafter the Save Wave orm command can also be used It will save the data by overwriting the file previously created The data is stored in ASCII format as Raw ADC values In order to convert the Raw ADC values into Volts the following formula should be used V vGain data vOffset Where vGain and vOffset can be found in the header of the file 5 5 2 Control panel reactivation User Manual Family of Analyzers Page 53 of 56 If either one of the Control panels have been closed they can be made to reappear by either using the top y line menu item Hardware to get to Digitizer Ctrl or Analyzer Ctrl or clicking on one of the two icons shown here 5 5 3 Temperature display If desired the current in situ operating temperatu
51. e fan s cable a few times in order for the 2 wires to stay together Introduce the cable between the spacers A and B at the back of the digitizer Push the fan unit into the back of the digitizer so that the two springs lock into place Insure that the two springs are safely attached behind the two spacers and that the fan s box is in contact with the digitizer cover Connect the fan s cable as shown in the figure below The position of the power connector can vary between different digitizer models T To remove the fan unit first unplug its power cable and then press on both fan springs and pull it away from the digitizer C w N C HOW TO INSTALL REMOVE THE DIGITIZER IN A PCI SLOT OF APC 1 Install the fan on the digitizer as described above 2 Release the three screws R from the adjustable retainer and move the retainer against the fans 3 Introduce the digitizer into the PCI slot and tighten the front panel screw 4 Push the retainer into the PCI slot guide and tighten the three screws R The digitizer is now installed 5 To remove the digitizer it is necessary to first release the three screws R and pull back the adjustable retainer Y WI Connect the fan s cable MM Power cable gt Spacer A wd a Meli A mM We SZ e Screw R E m Adjustable retainer Spacer B User Manual Family of Analyzers Page 56 of 56
52. e is changed to Peak or SSR the program displays three independent windows a Digitizer Control window an Analyzer Control window and a display window The Control windows contain functions that allow you to manipulate the acquisition parameters of the card In order to display an acquired waveform use the Operation Mode Digitizer connect a signal to the input and then select the Auto acquisition mode at the bottom of the Control panel A waveform should appear in the display Other controls in the Control panel allow you to select the optimal acquisition settings for your particular signal Each of the other Control panel functions will be discussed in detail in the following Control Panel Functions section Here is a sample result User Manual Family of Analyzers Page 41 of 56 Digitizer Control MEAP im aP ssR AdvoncedIDE Demo zigixi File E ap2ao sni7767 y SG Best une aval Chan 811 y Update 3361 26 sec Tdi 20 00 ns div gt 20 00 ns div Acq read 721 Current Temp 41 degC FScale 1 0 V gt 1 0Y Input Full Scale Offset 2 cq shown A v 2 0 0000 E Coupling Bandwidth Limit DC 50 None x Car seal AT AHT Time div Mas Tu 20 ns i 2K i Chan Combination Delay k h 1 0 2s o 1x Al channels 7 gt Operation Mades Nbr of Segments Digitize fi E E Ext Clk Internal Clock 1 Seament s of Control ID 200 Samples at Pt LM HE L Nd ES AVE LI AS 2s i
53. e is found to be working normally and this procedure was not followed we reserve the right to charge you for the work done For your nearest customer support center contact Acqiris at 1 877 ACQIRIS in the USA 41 22 884 32 90 in Europe or 61 3 9210 2890 in the Asia Pacific region Alternatively please contact Acqiris Technical Support support acqiris com or come visit our web site at http www acqiris com The Agilent Technologies Support Centers can also help redirect you for any questions concerning the installation and operation of your equipment 1 9 System Requirements In order to obtain reasonable performance from your digitizer Acqiris products need the following minimum PC System Requirements Processor 150 MHz Pentium higher recommended Memory 64 Mbytes RAM The previous number is a very rough estimate Assuming that you are using AcqirisLive or an application of your own that operates on the acquired data it seems reasonable to ask for 10 times the total acquisition memory that you will be using at the same time in the application Performance 1s likely to be degraded if less memory is available Display resolution At least 800 x 600 pixels and 256 colors for use of AcqirisDemo programs Operating System Microsoft Windows 2000 XP including 2003 Server Wind River VxWorks 5 5 1 and Linux The following Linux versions have compiled loadable kernel modules RedHat Enterprise Linux Version 3 Kernel Version 2 4 21 4 EL
54. e memory the requested time window the number of segments in Sequence mode as well as the required memory overhead The Time Base Range defines the time period over which data is being acquired For example the AP201 in the digitizer mode has an acquisition memory of just under 256 Kpoints and maximum sampling rate of 2 GS s Thus at the maximum sampling rate the digitizer can record a signal over a time period of up to 130 us 256 Kpoints 0 5 ns point The time base range can be adjusted by varying the amount of acquisition memory or the sampling rate of the digitizer 3 5 2 Pre and Post Trigger Delay Digitizer Mode To increase trigger flexibility a pre or post trigger delay can be applied to the trigger position However pre trigger is not available in the analyzer mode The amount of pre trigger delay can be adjusted between 0 and 100 of the acquisition time window 1 e sampling interval x number of samples whereas the post trigger delay can be adjusted between 0 and 200 million samples Pre or post trigger delays are just different aspects of the same trigger positioning parameter e The condition of 100 pre trigger indicates that all data points are acquired prior to the trigger i e the trigger point is at the end of the acquired waveform e The condition of 0 pre trigger which is identical to a post trigger of 0 indicates that all data points are acquired immediately after the trigger 1 e the trigger point 1s a
55. e ttnos 55 7 APPENDIX B XP102 FAN UNIT FOR THE AP FAMILY OF MODULES e eee eese eee e eee eene eeno 56 User Manual Family of Analyzers Page 5 of 56 1 Out of the Box 1 1 Message to the User Congratulations on having purchased an Agilent Technologies Acqiris data conversion product Acgiris Digitizers Analyzers are high speed data acquisition modules designed for capturing high frequency electronic signals To get the most out of the products we recommend that you read this manual carefully We trust the product you have purchased will meet with your expectations and provide you with a high quality solution to your data conversion applications 1 2 Using this Manual This guide assumes you are familiar with the operation of a personal computer PC running a Windows 2000 XP or other supported operating system It also assumes you have a basic understanding of the principles of data acquisition using either a waveform digitizer or a digital oscilloscope The manual is divided into 5 separate sections To understand the elements of operation for the module it is essential that you read them as appropriate Chapter 1 OUT OF THE BOX describes what to do when you first receive your new Acqiris product Special attention should be paid to sections on safety packaging and product handling Before installing your product please ensure that your system configuration matches or exceeds the requirements specified Chapter 2
56. ead FScale 500 mM gt 500 mv Coupling Bandwidth Limit Acqshown 1 r Define Configuration Start Delay ZEAE dill ilI 33 Timebase Scope Recorder W aveform Length Stop Delay Time div Max Samples 20000 E 0 EE ECCE DD DD NICA EE COTA Os J gt r Gate Settings 01 0 256 m Nbr of Segments Nbr Gates peration Modes Digitize y 1 414 1 Gate Length Gate Position Trigger o ARAE eae zs Ext Clk i Internal Clock Control 10 i 1 ee eine Trigger Veto Trigger Timeout 100 ns per Sample o 00000000 sec 0 d Start Delta Pos Peak Start Delta Neg Peak Acquisition Made _Calibrate _Reread_ C Nom C Auto C Single Stop Persistence Of On Clear mM TL Valid Delta Pos Peak Valid Delta Neg Peak 4 mu Peak Values numeric 5 2 Editing Fields Several different possibilities for editing the contents of each field are available Here is a list Click to select or do The Scope Recorder switch and the Acquisition mode are of this type Select the desired state When this is used with a text of the form A B A is chosen when the Black dot is present and B is chosen when it is not Click to change or do The Input A Input B and the Calibrate action are of this type Choose from a list Coupling and Bandwidth Limit are of this type Do not attempt to use the keyboard on this kind of field Change val
57. ed Pressing the single button re arms the trigger and captures a new acquisition Normal mode is used to continuously acquire waveforms into memory for valid trigger events The display is updated with the new acquisitions Acquisitions will happen for each valid trigger until either single or Stop is pressed If the trigger indicator at the lower left of the waveform display does not blink green the digitizer is not receiving valid triggers Check the trigger settings or select Auto mode in order to obtain a display of the waveform Auto mode will acquire and display waveforms according to the trigger settings if a valid trigger is present within a timeout interval If a valid trigger is not available within this interval the digitizer generates its own trigger in order to digitize and display whatever signal is at the input at that time It can only be used when in digitizer mode If valid triggers are received at a high enough rate Auto mode behavior differs little from normal mode behavior on the display However if the trigger rate is too low or trigger settings are not appropriate for the characteristics of the signal the input signal will not be stable on the display This occurs because the internal auto trigger generated by the digitizer is asynchronous to the input signal Auto mode is often used to aid in setup when the input signal must be quickly characterized in order to determine proper trigger settings for Normal or Single mode ac
58. ennen nennen nnnm e nennen enne 3l 3 4 Data Acquisition COMMON tl E o tod eoe bes tost toe E Viet tene daas testen tdt 32 3 4 A RR HERR A E SORERNON 32 3 4 2 A A O eg E O a T 32 So Data Acquisition Disttizer Modest a a a E Mee ous 32 3 5 1 Acquisition Memory and Time Base Range Digitizer MOde ooccccccncnncnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnoss 32 User Manual Family of Analyzers Page 3 of 56 3 5 2 Pre and Post Irigger Delay Digitizer Mode cs 32 3 959 single and Sequence Acquisitions Digitizer MoOd8 oooooooncoonoooocnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnononnnnnn nono nnns 33 305 Data Acquisition Analyzet ias 33 S64 Random and Synchronized Mos 35 3 6 2 Tine Base RANGE tia loo 35 3 6 3 Dual Bank Memory amp Buffered Sequence ACQUISItION cocccccccncnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnninnnos 35 3 6 4 Buffered Acquisition Mode with Data Readout oocccccccnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnininoss 36 345 A O A lel a tea ante aa Dn Cu e Aa antes Le Eod 36 Su IB uerus rM I nu C Meee pC Seren 36 9 1 2 Threshold Gates assetetes tee teretes eMe EDAD DM LM DD CA UD LM I DDR 36 S NGA Timestamp normato dadas 37 R Peak de e Oaa O 37 3 7 5 Interpolation of Peak Position and Amplitude sess 37 SO hstosramimine Peak Dabd uo itti ERE teen iden i tese e dade ce s deleted en eet 37 Duos ARTO AP2OIDOUUDEOCCSSIBB iii 38 3 8 1 Useras insta 38 3 8 2 Se A A A A
59. ext or a note mono text is used for sections of code programming examples and operating system commands 1 4 Disclaimer and Safety The AP Series PCI Analyzer cards have been designed to operate in a standard PCI slot found inside most personal computers Power for the modules is provided by plugging them into a free slot refer to the installation procedure CAUTION Do not exceed the maximum input voltage rating The maximum input voltage for 50 2 input impedance is 15 V User Manual Family of Analyzers Page 6 of 56 1 5 Warning Regarding Medical Use The AP Series PCI Analyzer cards are not designed with components and testing intended to ensure a level of reliability suitable for use in treatment and diagnosis of humans Applications of these cards involving medical or clinical treatment can create a potential for accidental injury caused by product failure or by errors on the part of the user These cards are not intended to be a substitute for any form of established process or equipment used to monitor or safeguard human health and safety in medical treatment WARNING The modules discussed in this manual have not been designed for making direct measurements on the human body Users who connect an Acqiris module to a human body do so at their own risk 1 6 Packaging and Handling Your Analyzer is shipped with the following components e Asmall3 5 compact disc in an Acqiris paper CD envelope that includes o 10 product user manu
60. ey also implement an HF trigger that allows triggers to be reliably accepted at rates above 1 GHz In this mode triggers occur on every fourth positive edge In the HF mode negative slope and window triggers are not available 3 3 3 Trigger Level The trigger level specifies the voltage at which the selected trigger source will produce a valid trigger The trigger level is defined as a set voltage Using the internal trigger with DC coupling the level is set with respect to the midpoint voltage V Offset voltage of the digitizer s vertical scale All trigger circuits have sensitivity levels that must be exceeded in order for reliable triggering to occur The AP240 and AP235 offer level control for all trigger coupling modes Internal trigger level settings expressed in jo must be within Vm 0 5 FS where FS is the channel Full Scale In addition they implement a Window trigger Two trigger level thresholds are used to define the desired range The trigger can then be chosen to occur either when the signal exits or enters the window range This mode can be thought of as the appropriate OR of two edge triggers of opposite slope For the AP101 and AP201 the AC coupled mode is implemented with an auto level trigger Internal trigger level settings for DC coupling must be within V 0 6 FS where FS 1s the channel Full Scale The AP240 and AP235 models allow the user to choose the external trigger Full Scale from the set of values 0 5 1
61. for FS settings above 500 mV The raw 8 bit ADC data values are in the range 128 127 with the first and last values reserved for underflow and overflow respectively The midpoint value 0 of the range corresponds to the negative of the offset voltage Thus the Full Scale Range FSR goes from User Manual Family of Analyzers Page 29 of 56 Offset Voltage FS 2 to Offset Voltage FS 2 Signals going outside of the FSR will be clipped and data values for the clipped portion of a signal should be regarded as erroneous 3 2 6 Vertical Resolution The AP Series Analyzers use an ADC system with 8 bits of vertical resolution 256 levels The dynamic range of the ADC covers the Full Scale FS of the Input Voltage setting For example if the Input Voltage is set to 500 mV then the ADC resolution is equivalent to 1 95 mV To obtain the best dynamic range from the ADC care should be taken to ensure that the input signal varies over more than 50 of the Input Voltage Full Scale FS setting The highest and lowest levels of the ADC correspond to underflow and overflow conditions 3 2 7 DC Accuracy The AP Series Analyzers use low noise front end electronics in order to ensure voltage measurement 1s made with accuracy and precision DC voltage accuracy is better than 2 1 typical of the input voltage full scale The differential linearity is better than 0 9 LSB for the AP235 AP240 and 0 7 LSB for the AP101 AP201 3 3 Trigger
62. gger Ext LIE Control I0 Timed 500 nz ES Internal Clock 1 Segment s af 500 Samples at 10 ns per Sample In Transient recorder mode shown to the left the user selects the sampling rate and the number of samples This is closer to the kind of setup used in the analyzer mode Sampling Frequency Nbr of Samplez 100 0000 MS te 300 E Delay The trigger Delay setting positions the acquisition with respect to the m trigger Pre trigger values are negative and are selectable in the range al of 0 to 10 timebase The value 10 timebase is equivalent to the time window or capture time 100 pre trigger is achieved by setting the Delay to capture time A 100 pre trigger delay means the trigger point is at the right edge of the display and all of the data in the acquired waveform were captured just prior to the trigger event Maximum Post trigger delay settings depend on the sample interval used Post trigger delays are adjustable up to 200 Mpoints User Manual Family of Analyzers Page 50 of 56 5 3 3 Trigger Trigger characteristics are set using the settings in the Trig Control sub Trigger Source Level menu The Trigger Source setting can be either Internal trigger on any one Ch E of the input channels or External trigger on an external input The Trigger zi Class is always Edge Trigger Class The Coupling section also contains a selection for AC or DC coupling AC Edge El
63. h v Prepare registration email Back M est gt Cancel 19 Setup will prepare a registration e mail in your e mail client application upon termination of the setup procedure You can then decide whether or not you wish to send it You may also add comments Uncheck the box 1f you do not want to register your installation TA Acqiris Software Setup Acqiris Software Installed Successfully Setup is complete and your software i now installed Thank you for choosing an 4cqins Product Please click Finish ta exit this installer Cancel 20 Click Finish The software installation 1s now complete 21 You can now either accept the suggestion to restart the computer or you should shutdown your computer and proceed with the hardware installation User Manual Family of Analyzers Page 19 of 56 ies Acgiris Software Setup Restart Computer our computer needs to be rebooted You must reboot the system to complete the installation Ifyou do nat reboot now vau will need ta do sa later in order ta complete the installation le es restart my computer now 2 2 Installing the Software for Linux The Acqiris Software is ready to install and run on Linux systems with any of the following RedHat Enterprise Linux Version 3 Kernel Version 2 4 21 4 EL RedHat Enterprise Linux Version 3 Kernel Version 2 4 21 4 ELsmp Suse Linux 9 2 Kernel version 2 6 8 24 smp Debian Sarge 3 1 2 6 8 3 686
64. hipping papers CAUTION Damage can result if the original packaging materials are not used Packaging materials should be anti static and cushion the instrument on all sides NEVER USE STYRENE PELLETS IN ANY SHAPE AS PACKAGING MATERIALS They do not adequately cushion the instrument or prevent it from moving in the shipping container Styrene pellets can also cause equipment damage by generating static electricity or by lodging in fan motors 1 11 The cards do not require any maintenance There are no user serviceable parts inside A periodic calibration can be obtained on request Maintenance 1 12 Cleaning Cleaning procedures consist only of exterior cleaning Clean the exterior surfaces of the module with a dry lint free cloth or a soft bristle brush If any dirt remains wipe with a cloth moistened in a mild soap solution Remove any soap residue by wiping with a cloth moistened with clear water Do not use abrasive compounds on any parts 1 13 Disposal and Recycling Electronic equipment should be properly disposed of Acqiris Analysers Digitizers and their accessories must not be thrown out as normal waste Separate collection is appropriate and may be required by law User Manual Family of Analyzers Page 9 of 56 A 2 Installation This chapter describes how to install the Acqiris hardware and software for Windows 2000 XP National Instruments LabVIEW RT Linux or Wind River VxWorks NOTE For a first time installation
65. igher than that achievable by a conventional digitizer This is particularly useful for the case of constant trigger rates in the kHz range For complete technical specifications concerning your particular analyzer please refer to the product s Specifications amp Characteristics In addition we maintain up to date versions of all product data sheets on our web site www acqiris com The data sheets are available in pdf format and are best viewed using Adobe Acrobat software If you have trouble accessing our web site or viewing the data sheets please contact your nearest sales office Front AP235 AP240 BLOCK Panel DIAGRAM Signals CHi Dual Channel Cross Mezzanine CH1 Point ADC1 Processing Switeh 1 GS s 8 bit Block CH2 CH2 Offset and Gain Control Ditherer 8 bit DAC 2xFPGA XC2V3000 ADC2 24x memory MULTI IO 1 GS s 8 bit EXT CKin Trig Out cos l Trigger I O A Mezzanine Circuit I O B Synchronizer PLX Clock Synch amp Start PCI Interface Internal 100 MB s P1 Reference P2 Clock User Manual Family of Analyzers Page 27 of 56 AP201 Block Diagram 50 Ohm SA Signal re afo Trigger Out Co Clock Ref In o Trigger In o 50 1M Ohm Ohm 100 AP201 Block Diagram 8 bits 1GS S 1GS s SH ADC EE LN 1 8 bit uu 1 1GS s ESE SH ADC KI gt 1x on main Board 1x on mezzanine for 2GS S
66. in buffered mode also called dual memory mode it will wait for a valid trigger before recording any data see the timing diagram below When the module is armed via the AcqrsD1 acquire command and ready to acquire data it generates after a time Tst which may vary between 50 us and 10 ms depending on the processor and the operating system used a Ready signal ACORDY This TTL signal is available on the front panel I O A MMCX connector For the AP101 AP201 modules it can also be found on the front panel multi pin connector The Ready signal 1s normally used to activate an external event such as firing a laser User Manual Family of Analyzers Page 33 of 56 This external event in turn can produce a signal that can be used to generate the trigger for the module The trigger input pulse can have a delay Ttid that can vary from zero to as long as required The Ready signal ACQRDY is reset with the arrival of the trigger pulse When the acquisition 1s running or when the module has not been enabled to start the acquisition ACQRDY is set low When the trigger input pulse is received the Analyzer generates a trigger output which internally starts the acquisition after a predetermined delay shown as StartDelay in the diagram above The trigger output is provided for applications where an external signal source must be synchronized with the internal sampling clock The Analyzer s trigger output edge 1s synchronized to the sample clock to within
67. irisLinux demo then you must edit AqDrv4 ini so that it contains the line fpgaPath usr local AcqirisLinux Firmware Then if your shell is esh or tesh modify the etc csh login file to contain the line setenv AcqirisDxDir usr local AcqirisLinux demo or if your shell is bash ksh zsh or sh modify the etc profile file to contain the lines AcqirisDxDir usr local AcqirisLinux demo export AcqirisDxDir 2 3 Installing the Hardware 1 Turn off the power of the PC and the crate in the case of a CompactPCI module CAUTION For PCI modules the PC may have to be unplugged to ensure that the PCI bus has no power available However CompactPCI crates can be left plugged in since this ensures proper grounding CAUTION Touch the antistatic package to a grounded object before removing the card from the package Electrostatic discharge can damage the card 2 Open the PC identify a free PCI slot and carefully insert the DP Series card into it Be sure to ground yourself by touching the grounded PC frame and avoid touching any components on the DP Series card Make sure that the grounding of the card s mounting bracket to the back panel rail of the computer is done correctly If present make sure that the fan s adjustable retainer is correctly positioned and tightened for mechanical support Close the PC 3 Turnon the power of the PC and start the operating system NOTE Acqiris Digitizers are equipped with a LED If this LED is not glowing orange
68. l The External Trigger Source menu will also allow selection of the desired Trigger Range and Bandwidth The relationship between coupling trigger source and trigger level was discussed in section 3 3 3 Trigger Level Use the Slope section to choose the appropriate edge for the desired trigger Alternatively a window trigger can be defined with two thresholds Finally the HF Divide trigger can also be chosen 4 3 5 External Clock The window will allow you to define the desired clock type threshold frequency sampling rate and delay You can also ask for a calibration that will take into account a new value of the external clock frequency 4 3 6 Control IO Settings The window will allow you to select the desired functionality for the Control I O A and B MMCX connectors as well as the offset to be used for the Trigger Out MMCX level 4 3 7 Acquisition Mode The acquisition mode of the analyzer digitizer 1s selected using one of four acquisition mode buttons in the Acquisition section of the Control panel Available acquisition modes are Auto digitizer only Normal Single and Stop The use of each of the acquisition modes is described below In the discussion a valid trigger indicates a trigger signal meeting the trigger conditions at a time when the device is armed and ready to acquire data Stop will stop the acquisition and hold the latest complete acquisition on the display Single mode is used in order to capture one event a
69. led The makefile will try to guess where they are located If it fails see instructions inside the makefile itself to specify manually where these kernel header files are located To compile a new kernel under linux 2 4 issue the following commands cdlinuxdriverpci make clean to remove all o files in AcqirisLinux linuxdriverpci make to generate a new kernel mode driver acqrsPCI o and also copy it to the directory AcqirisLinux lib modules where the install script drv install can access it drv install rem to remove the previous installed kernel mode driver drv install add to install the new driver To compile a new kernel under linux 2 6 issue the following commands cdlinux2 6driverpci make clean all to generate a new kernel mode driver acqrsPCI ko from scratch make install to copy the kernel module where it should reside Note that this version of the loadable kernel module had been tested on Linux kernel versions up to 2 6 18 However starting with kernel 2 6 17 a few kernel functions relating to the device classes are no longer available to proprietary modules Thus automatic creation of the dev acqrsPCI node has to be done manually in the etc rc local file For Debian users in order to compile the kernel module on a system a few packages that match the current kernel image must be installed For instance on a Debian 3 1 sarge system 686 the required packages are kernel image 2 6 686 kernel imag
70. ll it locally for AcqirisLive anyway If you are not sure about the version of the CVI Run Time Engine on your system it is recommended to install it locally Click Next to continue User Manual Family of Analyzers Page 15 of 56 TA Acqiris Software Setup Enable C l Run Time Engine Loading Option Check your preference below and click Nest to continue AcqiisLiee needs the CV 0 Run Time Engine CI ATE is installed on this machine If IE is an older version you should install the 7 0 version in the AcqinsLive application directory In any case pour current CVT ATE installation wall not be altered Iv Install Labindows C l 7 0 Run Time Engine 14 Depending on the install type you may be asked which LabVIEW version format you want for the LabVIEW files Select the appropriate format and click Next to continue ie Acqiris Software Setup Select an Option Please select an option below and click Hest to continue IF pou wish to install any of the LabVIEW drivers please select a LabVIEW version format availability see below LabVIEW format Bi t 1553 C NO LabVIEW 15 A summary will be shown to allow you to check what you have asked for User Manual Family of Analyzers Page 16 of 56 ie Acqiris Software Setup Installation Summary The following files will be installed Please review and click Nest to continue Driver C Program Filess amp cq3 Usbin amp C Program Files 6003
71. lows you to enable LabVIEW RT and or Wind River VxWorks support By default there will be none but if desired you can install any of them together with Windows support or without Windows support Click Next to continue User Manual Family of Analyzers Page 12 of 56 TA Acqiris Software Setup Select All Deswed Platforms Select one or more of the below and click Next ta continue Pleaze select one or more of the platforms that you mag want to use below Iv Windows Program Development LabVIEW AT Wind River Vswarks All platforms 7 The screen below asks for the desired installation type After having made your choice Click Next to continue TA Acqiris Software Setup Select Install Type Select an installation type and click Next to continue Complete Instrument Driver Applications and development support for all supported Windows environments C Instrument Driver and Applications only Instrument Driver and amp eqinsLiye No development support will be installed Custom Lets you decide which components you want to install Back Cancel 8 If you chose the Custom installation the following screen will let you select each package individually Note that the space indicated for LabVIEW Firmware and UserManual packages is incorrect The correct values are 4 1 MB 21 MB and 27 MB respectively User Manual Family of Analyzers Page 13 of 56 TA Acqiris Software Setup
72. mmed as shown earlier in the table The number of waveforms in a sequence is adjustable from 1 to 8191 for the AP235 AP240 and 16384 for the APx01 Of course the number of waveforms times their length may not exceed the actually available memory The driver software protects against invalid requests by adjusting the waveform length appropriately Note that the Single Acquisition mode is just a special case of the Sequence Acquisition mode with the number of segments set to 1 Note that when in digitizer mode the Analyzer stores the ADC data into a different non buffered memory It is then restricted to 128 Kpoints AP235 AP240 Dual channel mode and AP101 or 256 Kpoints AP235 AP240 Single channel mode and AP201 and 200 segments User Manual Family of Analyzers Page 35 of 56 3 6 4 Buffered Acquisition Mode with Data Readout In buffered mode multiple waveforms are acquired and stored with minimal dead time between them All waveforms in such a sequence are deposited into one of two possible memory banks The user program can be either written to explicitly control the processing start of next acquisition and readout of data or to automatically start the processing and the next acquisition as soon as the previous acquisition has completed This latter case will be called the autoswitch mode while the former can be called the explicit mode At start up of the autoswitch mode the program will start the first acquisition and immediately give the
73. mp data eese 46 AAO A A AULAE Mul 46 4 4 7 control panel ieactivacon E LO ON DR 46 4 4 8 Empero Pl ccc PC TRUE 47 qu Zoomdisplay control lares lc estados tesi A tea nent eos sde osos Uie ODE EE 47 5 RUNNING THE APXOIDEMO APPLICA TION 5 ieerceo iis aee nae eno Eee eae ee oae PERI ninaosa krisiari neiaa 48 Sv GEO Started with APXOTDeIOS eie Pe dl iE 48 2s AS E 49 290 Dieitizer Control PAM AI EUDCLHODS i case da toes hehe n pho e ben ndi s Poenos 49 5 3 1 Input Voltage Scale Offset Coupling and Bandwidth seen 50 5 9 2 Dicitizer Timebase and MOLE asirian A dodo Eo i eaa 50 5 3 3 PrE Siena a A R R A 51 D234 ZNCQmSIHom MOdG ri consis ecencucecancect aeaenenedeatnouce E E 51 23 9 9 Persienne diS playas a a a tu io Donau Edu uo oto acu saan eo Dont Coon ERU Bolita 52 34 Analyzer Control Panel and Funct Ons ia 52 User Manual Family of Analyzers Page 4 of 56 Sl Analyzer Innebase ang MA oo 52 5 4 2 SCION A AE EE A OS 22 5 4 3 sa MA A 52 3524 Hysteresis Mode Peak Patas a a Den dnd 53 DAS Display oL Peaks ill 53 5 9 Display Window FUnctloliso esc EE O Pu PUI SE 53 Sd WAV SLOTS ORDO e ote odit a Lue iet o aia LR LU eiie tede 53 55 2 Control pane PCAC a 53 3 5 3 A oy E DE 54 Ad Zoonvrdisplay COM Ol sie asas inde id p te asian etin au ada ii ha LU LIU eda i pL UE 54 6 APPENDIX A XA100 BNC INPUT OVERVOLTAGE PROTECTION e eere eee eee eee etn nnn
74. nal has a frequency between 20 MHz and 2000 MHz for the AP235 AP240 models or between 10 MHz and 500 MHz for the AP101 AP201 models and a minimum amplitude of at least 1 V peak to peak 2 V for the AP101 AP201 models The External Clock allows the Analyzer to make a voltage measurement when the clock signal passes through a predefined threshold For the AP240 AP235 single channel mode and the AP101 the external clock sampling rate is the same as the external clock frequency However for the AP240 AP235 dual channel mode the sampling rate is Y of the clock frequency and for the AP201 it 1s 2 times the clock frequency The AP240 AP235 single channel mode cannot be used with a Start Stop external clock The threshold range is variable and user selectable between 2 V The signals should not exceed 5 V amplitude For applications that require greater timing precision and stability than is obtainable from the internal clock a 10 MHz Reference signal can be used The amplitude and threshold conditions for an External Reference are the same as for the External Clock If phase synchronization between several Analyzers is required the reference signal should be applied to all of them The allowed frequency range is 9 0 MHz 10 2 MHz When using an External Clock the Resynce trigger mode is not functional 3 10 Front Panel Inputs and Controls Name pumchon Connector AP101 AP201 AP240 AP235 INPUT Channel Signal input A Channel 1 input BNC 1
75. nfigControlIO and wait a software selectable time before accepting a trigger This veto time can be set in the range 0 s 1 s in steps of 30 ns The Trigger Veto feature is useful in applications where an early echo response signal should be ignored Furthermore if desired the Analyzer can be asked to generate an artificial trigger if no real trigger occurs after the window has been open for a time that can also be set in that same range This is a way to ensure that there will be data associated with every Prepare for Trigger signal even if no real trigger occurs A Prepare for Trigger Signal can only be accepted after the ACQRDY has been generated The data values for an artificial trigger will all be 128 0x80 and the time taken to generate this special acquisition will be the same as for a real trigger The Timeout User Manual Family of Analyzers Page 31 of 56 feature 1s useful to ensure the correct pairing of stimulus and response and to avoid unwanted hung states where the Analyzer is waiting for a trigger that will never occur 3 4 Data Acquisition Common The AP series Analyzers can be used either for buffered acquisition with analysis or normal digitizer data acquisition These two modes are quite different in their functioning After describing some common characteristics they will be treated individually in the sections below The digitizer mode is particularly useful when trying to configure an AP module for later use as
76. nization within automated test applications The model AP series Analyzers include a high precision voltage source and a 16 bit DAC used to determine the input voltage and offset calibration For accurate time and voltage measurements it is recommended to perform a calibration once the module has attained a stable operating temperature usually reached with a few minutes after power on Further calibration should not be necessary unless temperature variations occur User Manual Family of Analyzers Page 39 of 56 3 12 Electrical Environmental and Physical Specifications 0 04 E M 2L O apor 39 13 26 28 00 ana os E 33 T 004 3 12 1 Electrical Power Consumption W Except for the high total power consumption all modules conform to Revision 2 2 of the PCI Local Bus Specification They use the PCI Bus at 33 MHz All of these modules are capable of DMA transfers at rates 100 MB s 3 12 2 Environmental and Physical The modules have a Declaration of Conformity according to ISO IEC Guide 22 and EN45014 and CE Marks of Compliance The American Standard MIL PRF 28800F has been used as the source for many of the characteristics specified below Those indicated with a are compatible with Class 3 as defined in that standard Operating Temperature 0 to 40 C The above values are for the ambient temperature of the room or equivalent where the PC is located The temperature as measured on the board ma
77. nologies cannot accept responsibility for missing items unless we are notified promptly of any discrepancies If any items are found to be missing or are received in a damaged condition please contact the Customer Support Center or your local supplier immediately Retain the box and packing materials for possible inspection and or reshipment 1 7 Warranty All Agilent Technologies Acqiris Digitizer products are warranted to operate within specification assuming normal operation for a period of three years from the date of shipment It is recommended that yearly calibration be made in order to verify product performance All repairs replacement and spare parts are warranted for a period of 3 months A 5 year repair warranty 1s available as an option Agilent Technologies endeavors to provide leading edge technology that includes the latest concepts in hardware and software design As such software and firmware used with the products is under continual refinement and improvement All software and instrument firmware is supplied as 1s with no warranty of any kind Software and firmware is thoroughly tested and thought to be functional at the time of shipment At Agilent Technologies discretion software and firmware may be revised if a significant operational malfunction is detected Products supplied but not manufactured by Agilent Technologies are covered solely by the warranty of the original equipment manufacturer In exercising this warran
78. nstalled 2 4 2 Windows XP Under Windows XP you must login with administrator privileges after the first boot following the hardware installation the Plug amp Play system must have the appropriate privileges to be able to complete your hardware installation successfully After a successful hardware installation you will be able to use your Acqiris Digitizer s with normal privileges If you login with administrator privileges after the first boot following the hardware installation Windows will detect the new hardware and start the Found New Hardware Wizard after a few seconds Found New Hardware Wizard Welcome to the Found Mew Hardware Wizard Windows will search Far current and updated software by looking on your computer on the hardware installation CO or an the Windows Update Web site with pour permission a Can Windows connect to Windows Update to search hor software CO Yes this time only CO Yes now and every time connect a device O No not this time Click Next to continue Cancel To proceed with the installation click No not this time and then Next The following window will appear User Manual Family of Analyzers Page 23 of 56 Found New Hardware Wizard This wizard helps you install software Far ACOs P Instrument g If your hardware came with an installation CD AY or floppy disk insert it now What da you want the wizard to da f Install the software automati
79. of a series of measured voltage values sample points that are made by the ADC at a uniform clock rate To maximize sampling rates and utilize memory as efficiently as possible the digitizers include both Single and Sequential storage modes The Buffered Sequence Acquisition mode allows the capture and storage of consecutive single waveforms Sequence Acquisition mode is useful as it can optimize the digitizer s sampling rate and memory requirements for applications where only portions of the signal being analyzed are important The mode is extremely useful in almost all impulse response type applications RADAR SONAR LIDAR Time of Flight Ultrasonics Medical and Biomedical Research etc Buffered Sequence acquisition enables successive events which can occur within a very short time to be captured and stored without loss A crucial feature of Sequence Acquisition mode is that it has a very fast trigger rearm time A fast trigger rearm helps produce very low dead time less than 800 ns for the highest available sampling rates between the segments of a sequence acquisition The dead time is the period after the end of an event when the card cannot digitize data for a new trigger event In the buffered mode data from the ADC are stored in the on board dual bank memory A typical acquisition consists of a sequence of waveforms of equal size The actual waveform size and the number of waveforms in an acquisition sequence can be progra
80. old root 3 Reboot the computer 2 1 3 Installation Before installing the Acqiris hardware you should complete the following steps to install the software for Windows 2000 XP N NOTE You will need administrator privileges to complete the software installation under Windows 2000 XP 1 Insert the Acqiris Software CD into the CD ROM drive of your computer If the Autorun program does not start automatically Autoplay disabled you can start it manually or navigate to the AcgirisSoftware Windows folder in order to display the files included 2 Choose Install AcqirisSoftware for Windows 2000 XP or run Setup exe from the AcqirisSoftwarAWindows folder After several seconds for initialization the following screen will appear User Manual Family of Analyzers Page 10 of 56 TA Acqiris Software Setup Welcome Welcome to the Acgins Software setup program It iz strongly recommended that you exit all Windows programs before running Setup Click Cancel ta quit Setup and close any programe You have running WARMING This program i protected by copyright law and international treaties Unauthorized reproduction or distribution of this program may result is severe civil and criminal penalties and Will be prozecuted to the maximum extent possible under law uni qu 3 z em a Click Nest to continue with the setup cos 3 To proceed with the installation click Next The following screen will be shown T
81. olled by the Vert Position with 0 in the middle of the screen and 50 meaning that the display should be shifted up by the screen height New 50 00 34 zoom values can be used on existing data by pushing the Reread button in the al El l Digitizer Control window Har oom Factar x 1 z al To clear the display in persistence display mode press the Clear button that p appears on the main display window Wert Position 50 00 x es V ert oom F actor amp 1 eset oom User Manual Family of Analyzers Page 47 of 56 3 Running the APx01Demo Application 5 1 Getting Started with APx01Demo Once the software and hardware installation described in Section 2 of this manual is complete you will find APx01Demo in the start menu of your computer Start APx01Demo from the menu An initial APx01Demo load screen will appear followed by a panel of controls and a waveform display window During startup APx01Demo searches for all Acqiris Analyzers on the PCI bus If none are found APx01Demo will display an error message indicating this fact and stop Turn off the computer install and turn ON the hardware on the PCI bus and then restart the computer APx01Demo is intended to verify the functionality of the card and to serve as an easy to use and convenient program for capturing displaying and archiving captured data in ASCII format APx01Demo is provided free with the purchase of any Acqiris Analyzer We suppl
82. quisitions User Manual Family of Analyzers Page 51 of 56 5 3 5 Persistence display The controls at the very bottom of the Digitizer Control window are used to choose whether the event display of data points is for the last acquisition only Off or for all the acquired events On A simple Clear button is also present that erases all data points in the display 5 4 Analyzer Control Panel and Functions The analyzer mode differs fundamentally from the digitizer mode since nothing happens before the trigger 1s received There is no possibility of acquiring pre trigger data The Analyzer Control window can be closed by clicking the X in the upper right hand corner of the window The functionality of each part of the window will be described in the next few sections 5 4 1 Analyzer Timebase and Memory When the analyzer mode is selected the number of data points Trigger the number of segments and the delays after receiving the trigger HoReSyne Resyne and taking the data are set in the Analyzer Control window Only E em the sampling rate is taken over from the Digitizer Control oma PT ae window However the Digitizer Control window display of the No Processing 7 a acquisition s horizontal parameters is still valid Nbr of Segments Define Configuration In addition the timing of the Trigger Output pulse can be chosen as was discussed in 3 6 1 Random and Synchronized Triggers Start Delay AH W
83. re not appropriate for the characteristics of the signal the input signal will not be stable on the display This occurs because the internal auto trigger generated by the digitizer is asynchronous to the input signal Auto mode is often used to aid in setup when the input signal must be quickly characterized in order to determine proper trigger settings for Normal or Single mode acquisitions 4 3 8 Display options The controls at the very bottom of the Digitizer Control window are used to choose whether the event display of data points is for the last acquisition only Off or for all the acquired events On A simple Clear button is also present that erases all data points in the display The display can also be used to show both channels at once If desired the individual segments of an acquisition can be shown stacked on top of each other as opposed to spread out along the horizontal axis 4 4 Analyzer Control Panel and Functions The analyzer mode differs fundamentally from the digitizer mode since nothing happens before the trigger 1s received There is no possibility of acquiring pre trigger data The Analyzer Control window can be closed by clicking the X in the upper right hand corner of the window The functionality of each part of the window will be described in the next few sections User Manual Family of Analyzers Page 44 of 56 4 4 1 Analyzer Timebase and Memory When the analyzer mode is selected the number of data ETE AA
84. re of the module can be displayed by either selecting the top line menu item Hardware to get to Read Temperature or clicking on the thermometer icon 5 5 4 Zoom display control A A waveform zoom feature is available by either selecting the top line menu item Hardware to get to Zoom Control E i Hor Position Zoom or clicking on the magnifying glass icon This will activate the Zoom Control menu shown here The horizontal zoom 1s controlled by the Hor Position with 50 in the middle of the screen The vertical zoom is controlled by the Vert Position with 0 in the middle of the screen and 50 meaning that the display should be shifted up by the screen height New al l zoom values can be used on existing data by pushing the Reread button in the Digitizer Control window Har oom Factar E a To clear the display in persistence display mode press the Clear button that Vert Position appears on the main display window 0 00 E pa Wer lt oom F actor 1 reset Zoom User Manual Family of Analyzers Page 54 of 56 6 User Manual Family of Analyzers Appendix A XA100 BNC Input Overvoltage Protection Specifications and User Instructions The XA100 Acqiris option contain two elements 3dB BNC Attenuator 90V BNC Spark Gap The XA100 overvoltage protection kit allows the digitizers with 50 Ohm only input without high impedance input to withstand a high voltage surge of up to 5 kV
85. right The settings are also applicable for the Analyzer 5 3 2 Digitizer Timebase and more Digitizer timebase characteristics are set using the settings in the Digitizer Control panel shown here They are not applicable to the Analyzer Operation Mode that will be discussed below However the settings in the Trigger Ext Clk and Control IO sub menus are applicable to both modes The Ext Clk and Control IO sub menus are for advanced users and will not be presented in detail There are two timebase Control panel modes available Scope Mode and Recorder mode The choice of mode is entirely determined by the preference of the user Both modes provide the same set of functional capabilities but display the settings slightly differently In both modes it 1s possible to set the memory depth and the sample speed independently within the limits of the maximum available memory However the two modes differ in the following way In Scope Mode shown to the right the user selects the time window time per div and the sampling rate will be adjusted to the fastest possible within the limits of the available memory The maximum available memory is programmable Scope Timebaze Input Input Full Scale Offset El poo my ozv ERI Coupling Bandwidth Lirit loc Ab None Timebaze Scope Mas Samples Delap 0 005 nz mpm g g Operation Modes Mbr of Segments Dize si 1 Tri
86. rity of the contents of each bin can be chosen to be Y 1 4 1 8 or 1 16 of an ADC LSB User Manual Family of Analyzers Page 37 of 56 A histogram can be accumulated for a desired number of acquisitions After this the acquisition process will be stopped until the program explicitly starts it again Histogram readout can only be done when the acquisition 1s inactive 3 8 AP101 AP201 Data processing Processing is done under control of the host computer after the acquisition 1s complete and before the readout 1s started In the simplest case this processing does nothing to the data and terminates immediately If real processing is needed the throughput is 130 MS s ignoring start up effects associated with each gate and overhead for each peak found The actual amount of data to be processed can be reduced significantly by intelligent use of the gate definition and of the processing parameters for the peak detection The scans for positive and negative peaks are done in parallel 3 8 1 User Gates Gates can be used to define regions of interest within an acquisition segment This can be used to limit the amount of data to be transferred or as a starting point for peak detection processing A gate is defined as a range of data defined by a first sample and the number of samples in the gate Both the first sample and the number of samples must be multiples of 4 An arbitrary number of gates up to 64 can be defined They are used for each segment
87. s the normal operation of most digitizer products In this mode an acquisition consists of a waveform recorded with a single trigger The user selects the sampling rate and acquisition memory size and sets the number of segments to 1 default value The modules also include a built in Trigger Time Interpolator TTI that measures the time from the trigger point to the first sample point This information is essential for determining the precise relation between the trigger or other event of interest and the digitized samples of the signal The TTI resolution is 80 ps The Sequence Acquisition mode allows the capture and storage of consecutive single waveforms Sequence Acquisition mode is useful as it can optimize the digitizer s sampling rate and memory requirements for applications where only portions of the signal being analyzed are important The mode is extremely useful in almost all impulse response type applications RADAR SONAR LIDAR Time of Flight Ultrasonics Medical and Biomedical Research etc In Sequence Acquisition mode the acquisition memory is divided into a pre selected number of segments Waveforms are stored in successive memory segments as they arrive Each waveform requires its own individual trigger The memory can be divided into any number of segments between 2 and 200 In Sequence Acquisition mode the user needs to specify the sampling rate the total acquisition memory and number of segments Note that the single A
88. set here o A g Valid Delta Pos Peak Valid Delta Neg Peak lo 3 fu 43 APx01Demo xi Peak Values 5 4 5 Display of Peaks A button to activate the display of the position and seg H gate amp mas pos amp mir pos amp o magnitude of the peaks can be found at the very bottom 0 330 54 0 of the Analyzer Control window If activated a new a0 1800 720 window is opened for the peak display The Update foU 4980 54 0 button must be used every time new data 1s desired The HM 1800 10 displayed peaks can be sorted either by Gates within Segments or by Segments for each Gate Click on the Button to toggle between the two modes Note that the positions are given in samples from the start of the gate and the amplitudes are in raw 8 bit ADC counts in the range 128 127 The interpolated values are shown when activated Segment order 5 5 Display Window Functions In the digitizer mode and the analyzer mode with No Processing and Gate Option Off the display will show the data points as a function of time If several segments are taken they will be shown one next to the other For the analyzer mode with No Processing and Gate Option On only the data for the gates will be shown for each segment If Extrema or Hysteresis peak processing 1s enabled the position of each of the peaks will be indicated by the appropriate arrow on the display Closing the Display window will terminate the execution of the APx01Demo program If desired th
89. t the beginning of the acquired waveform e The condition of a non zero post trigger delay indicates that the data points are acquired after the trigger occurs at a time that corresponds to the post trigger delay i e the trigger point is before the acquired waveform The digitizer hardware accepts pre and post trigger adjustments in increments of 16 samples By definition post trigger settings are a positive number and pre trigger settings are a negative number Thus it is only natural that the software drivers provided treat pre and post trigger delays as a single parameter in seconds that can vary between nbrSamples samplingInterval 100 pre trigger and maxPostTrigSamples samplingInterval max post trigger Since the Acqiris software drivers provide very accurate trigger position User Manual Family of Analyzers Page 32 of 56 information upon waveform readout the accepted resolution of the user requested pre post trigger delay is much better than 16 samples For more details refer to the Programmer s Reference Manual 3 5 3 Single and Sequence Acquisitions Digitizer Mode Digitizers acquire waveforms in association with triggers Each waveform is made of a series of measured voltage values sample points that are made by the ADC at a uniform clock rate To maximize sampling rates and utilize memory as efficiently as possible the digitizers include both Single and Sequential storage modes The Single Acquisition mode i
90. t the first valid trigger or the desired number of segments for that many valid triggers It freezes the acquisition in the device s memory and on the display until the user requests another acquisition After an acquisition is taken in Single mode the device will ignore subsequent trigger events until the Single button is pressed again or another acquisition mode is selected Pressing the single button re arms the trigger and captures a new acquisition Normal mode is used to continuously acquire waveforms into memory for valid trigger events The display is updated with the new acquisitions Acquisitions will happen for each valid trigger until either single or Stop is pressed If the trigger indicator at the lower left of the waveform display does not blink green the device is not receiving valid triggers Check the trigger settings or select Auto mode in order to obtain a display of the waveform Auto mode will acquire and display waveforms according to the trigger settings if a valid trigger is present within an adjustable timeout interval If a valid trigger is not available within this interval the digitizer generates its own trigger in order to digitize and display whatever signal 1s at the input at that time It can only be used when in digitizer mode If valid triggers are received at a high enough rate Auto mode behavior differs little from normal mode behavior on the display However if the trigger rate 1s too low or trigger settings a
91. tains a list of files to be found after a complete installation of Acqiris Software on Windows systems Similarly the ReadMeLinux file gives the list of files corresponding to that installation User Manual Family of Analyzers Page 26 of 56 3 Product Description 3 1 Overview Acqiris Analyzers are designed to provide superior measurement precision and accuracy Key acquisition specifications such as DC accuracy integral and differential non linearity have been optimized to deliver maximum measurement fidelity Careful circuit layout custom IC s and special packaging techniques have all been employed to reduce the overall random and correlated system noise The use of custom IC s also dramatically reduces the total number of discrete components required This has tremendous benefits on reliability and also allows the modules to use a minimal amount of power The AP series Analyzers are PCI modules that plug directly into any vacant PCI slot in a PC They are fully programmable over the PCI bus and deliver 2 GS s AP240 AP201 and 1 GS s AP235 AP101 buffered acquisition performance An acquired data sequence can be processed and transferred to a host processor over the PCI bus at speeds up to 100 Mbytes s while stmultaneously acquiring the next data sequence This explains the use of the term Sustained Sequential Recording SSR When appropriately configured an Analyzer can reliably acquire all incoming triggers up to a rate considerably h
92. then Vlis gt min V 0 V is StartDeltaPosPeakV P2 Continue scanning through the data until the data point voltage 1s less than the maximum value observed less ValidDeltaPosPeakV The search terminates at the end of the gate Let 1y be the data point index satisfying this test and iy be the data point index of the first maximum then Vlim max V is V iv and Viiv Vlim ValidDeltaPosPeakV P3 Record the value and position of the accepted maximum data point if any There will be a result if condition 1 above is satisfied P4 Go back to step P1 but start at the point V 1y 1 The same algorithm can be used for negative peak search 1f data inversion has been enabled This is done with the obvious modifications namely NI Starting at the first data point of the gate skip through the data until the data point voltage falls below the minimum value observed by StartDeltaNegPeakV The search terminates at the end of the gate This means that V is lt max V 0 V is StartDeltaNegPeakV N2 Continue scanning through the data until the data point voltage is greater than the minimum value observed plus ValidDeltaPosPeakV The search terminates at the end of the gate This means that Vlim min V is V iy and Viiv gt Vlim ValidDeltaNegPeakV N3 Record the value and position of the accepted minimum data point 1f any There will be a result 1f condition 4 above 1s satisfied N4 Go back to step N1
93. to the following Take proper precautions to avoid electrostatic damage to the cards Power pour crate before powering your FE Verity that the LED on pour Acqins module iz glowing orange or red when the power is applied our cons digitizer madule s will be operational after you restart your computer 18 Registration of your installation will help us provide you with better support You will also be notified of updates and upgrades All information submitted to us will be treated confidentially and never be disclosed outside the company TA Acqiris Software Setup Registration Pleaze register your software with 4cqins By dong so you will recerve Notification of product updates and upgrades New product announcements You will also help us provide you with the most efficient technical support IF you have already registered a previous version please do send a new registration that will ensure our records are up to date Acqins maintains a strict privacy policy Your contact information will never be disclosed outside the company Email support supportteacqins com Back Cancel User Manual Family of Analyzers Page 18 of 56 1A Acqiris Software Setup Select Options Select your options below and click Mest ta continue IF vau check the box below Setup will prepare a registration email ready to send you can then still decide nat to send it You may add any comments ta the email as you wis
94. ts fatigue over time e g relays in high duty cycle automated testing applications the mezzanine card allows for fast and efficient replacement 3 2 4 Bandwidth and Rise Time The bandwidth specification indicates the frequency at which an input signal will be attenuated by 3 dB approximately 3096 loss of amplitude The bandwidth also affects the minimum rise and fall times that can be passed through the front end electronics A pulse with a very sharp edge will be observed to have a minimum rise time Tmin determined by the front end electronics In general a pulse with a given 10 90 rise time T10 90rea1 Will be observed with a slower value given by Too insons S Tons where Tmin ns 0 35 GHz ns BW GHz If desired hardware bandwidth limiters can be selected 3 2 5 Input Voltage and Offset The input channel provides a fully programmable amplifier with variable input voltage and offset Full Scale FS input voltages are selectable from 50 mV to the maximum indicated in the table above in a 1 2 5 sequence Care should be taken to select an input voltage range that will allow the signal to be recorded using as much dynamic range of the digitizer as possible Signals going outside of the FS Range will be clipped and data values for the clipped portion of a signal should be regarded as erroneous The Variable Offset is programmable in the range of 2 V when using an FS Input Voltage setting of 500 mV or below increasing to 5 V
95. ty Agilent Technologies will repair or replace any product returned to the Agilent service center within the warranty period The warranty covers all defects that are a result of workmanship or materials This excludes defects that are caused by accident misuse neglect or abnormal operation User Manual Family of Analyzers Page 7 of 56 The purchaser is responsible for returning the goods to the nearest Agilent service center This includes transportation costs and insurance Agilent Technologies will return all warranty repairs with transportation prepaid 1 8 Warranty and Repair Return Procedure Assistance and Support Agilent Technologies Inc acquired Acqiris SA and its product lines in December 2006 Before returning any Agilent Technologies Acqiris product for repair please contact your nearest Agilent Technologies Service Center You can find information about technical and professional services product support and equipment repair and service on the Web see http www agilent com find service or http www agilent com and after selecting your country click on Contact Us The service center will ask for your name company phone number and address the model and serial numbers of the unit to be repaired and a brief description of the problem Before issuing a Service Order they will ask you to communicate with us by phone or eMail so that we can learn as much as needed about the problems observed If a unit returned under guarante
96. ue up down Input Full Scale Time Div Max Samples Do not attempt to use the keyboard on this kind of field Change value up down multiple arrows Nbr of Segments is of this type The left pair of arrows modifies the value by the smallest increment possible while the right pair modifies the value by a much larger amount Do not attempt to use the keyboard on this kind of field Access a lower level menu Trigger is of this type Move a slider The Offset the Delay time and the trigger level in the Trig Control menu are of this type Use the mouse to slide the arrow along the scale Numeric entry in the value window is allowed Scientific notation and common abbreviations m u n p S V can be used Values above or to the left of other values have precedence over the latter Selection fields that are gray are not active for the current configuration 5 3 Digitizer Control Panel and Functions The Digitizer Control panel provides all of the features needed to use the Analyzer in the digitizer mode Some of these controls are also active when the analyzer mode is in use All of the controls are described in the sections below User Manual Family of Analyzers Page 49 of 56 5 3 1 Input Voltage Scale Offset Coupling and Bandwidth Settings for selecting the Input A or Input B BNC connector voltage scale offset coupling impedance and bandwidth limit are available in the portion of the Digitizer Control panel shown to the
97. ust be used so that a file name and destination folder can be chosen Thereafter the Save Waveform command can also be used It will save the data by overwriting the file previously created The data 1s stored in ASCII format as Raw ADC values In order to convert the Raw ADC values into Volts the following formula should be used V vGain data vOffset Where vGain and vOffset can be found in the header of the file 4 4 7 Control panel reactivation If the Digitizer Control panel has been closed it can be made to reappear by either using the top line a menu item Hardware to get to Digitizer Ctrl or clicking on the icon shown here If the Analyzer User Manual Family of Analyzers Page 46 of 56 Control panel needs to be regenerated 1t can be done by clicking on the SSR button of the Digitizer Control panel when the SSR operation mode is selected 4 4 8 Temperature display If desired the current in situ operating temperature of the module can be displayed by either selecting the top line menu item Hardware to get to Read Temperature or clicking on the thermometer icon 4 4 9 Zoom display control et A waveform zoom feature is available by either selecting the top line menu item Hardware to get to Zoom or clicking on the magnifying glass icon This will activate the Zoom Control menu shown here The horizontal zoom 1s controlled by the Hor Position with 50 in the middle of the screen The vertical TT zoom is contr
98. w acqiris com Trademarks product and company names listed are trademarks or trade names of their respective companies Acqiris Headquarters Acqiris USA Acgiris Asia Pacific Agilent Technologies SA Agilent Technologies Inc Agilent Technologies 12 chemin des Aulx P O Box 2203 Australia Pty Ltd CH 1228 Plan les Ouates Monroe NY 10949 347 Burwood Highway Geneva USA Forest Hill VIC 3131 Switzerland Australia Tel 41 22 884 32 90 Tel 845 782 6544 Tel 61 3 9210 2890 Fax 41 22 884 32 99 Fax 845 782 4745 Fax 61 3 9210 5929 Copyright Agilent Technologies Inc June 2007 User Manual Family of Analyzers Page 2 of 56 CONTENTS 1 OU TOE THE BOX s 6 I MWiessasedodhe WIS Ci oue memo ut aac rece 6 12 a ocium NAME E MM M M LM TUM 6 k3 Conventions Used an ThS Manta ii 6 Veh Dic SAMT TI E 6 L5 Warts Regardine Medical Use ta toe En Ra E tae E E i L6 Packaging and O seo citi bate aeta ctt ete ena eae Mer tea e aa Mer Uta ea y A A A teteaocatenoed netauneda uasnan one nseadun sistas etn onda cuannn E 7 1 8 Warranty and Repair Return Procedure Assistance and Support ooooooononooooooonoooonnnnnnonnnnnnnnnnnnnononnnnnnnnnnnnnnnos 8 KI SNS RS e LO 8 1 10 Transport SMPN aa 9 1 11 DATA SHE 6165 1 6 POCO ORO hn RN 9 1 12 CLERO A AA AAA AAA AAA AAA AAA Aide 9 1 13 Dia A Ce ee tpen EU E EORR E E e etpedi Ua Ete EU aet 9 INSTALLATION lt a T adai 10 2 1 Installing the Software under Windows
99. w condition a limit can be placed on the number of threshold gates allowed for each segment If this limit is active with the value m then the first m 1 gates and the last gate of each segment will be transferred User Manual Family of Analyzers Page 36 of 56 3 7 3 Time stamp information The 10 MHz reference clock is used to increment a register that 1s recorded as a time stamp for each trigger accepted by the Analyzer in gated mode These time stamps can be used to fix the absolute time of a trigger If desired the time stamp register can be reset with a hardware signal on the MMCX DPU P1 or P2 connectors It can also be read by the controlling computer at any time when data 1s available to be read 3 7 4 Peak detection The data selected for treatment by either of the gate mechanisms described above can be further processed to identify the position and amplitude of multiple peaks in each region The peaks are defined using two thresholds to provide some Hysteresis A peak signal must first increase by a given threshold above its starting level and then decrease below its maximum value by the second threshold value The processing algorithm for positive peak search is as follows P1 Starting at the first data point of the gate V 0 skip through the data until the data point voltage exceeds the minimum value observed by StartDeltaPosPeakV The search terminates at the end of the gate Let is be the data point index satisfying this test
100. y drivers on the CDROM for National Instruments LabWindows CVI LabVIEW Microsoft Visual C and Visual Basic Wes also provide some examples GetStarted applications as a guide or starting point for programmers developing their own applications to interface with the AP Analyzers or Averagers and the DC or DP series digitizer cards When you start APx01 Demo a display like that shown below appears E Digitizer D AP201 y E APx01Demo System E 101 x Analyzer Control x File Hardware Trigger 18 3 ix a No ReSyne C ReSync Input A F Processing Mode Nbr of Segments Input Full Scale Offset Update 0 00 sec Instrument 0 T div 0 0 ps div gt 0 0 ps div 1 4 oo my 0 00000 d mi Acq performed O Current Temp Not Read FScale 0 uy gt O uv Coupling Bandwidth Limit Acqshown 1 r Define Configuration DC 50 y None y y Start Delay 3 Timebase Scope Recorder W aveform Length Stop Delay Time div Max Samples 20000 HE 0 33 100 us 10K E Dela z Gate Option On Off Os gt r Gate Settings 01 0 256 Nbr Gates Nbr of Segments Dperation Modes x Digitize y 1 EE 1 Ti Gate Lenath Gate Position rigger q sisi EX CR Internal Clock 1 Segment s of Control 10 10000 S amples at 100 ns per Sample Acquisition Made _Calibrate Reread C Nom uto C Single Stop
101. y well be significantly higher On board temperatures above 60 C should be avoided Relative Humidity 5 to 95 non condensing Dimensions All AP modules conform to the PCI standard and require a long card slot When used with the XP102 Fan the overall length can be adjusted from 325 mm up to the long card slot maximum of 342 3 mm Shock 30 G half sine pulse Vibration 5 500 Hz random Safety Complies with EN61010 1 EMC Immunity Complies with EN61326 1 Industrial Environment EMC Emissions Complies with EN61326 1 Class A for radiated emissions Required Airflow XP102 Fan unit required AP Averagers are delivered with this Fan unit User Manual Family of Analyzers Page 40 of 56 4 Running the AP SSRDemo Application 4 1 Getting Started with AP SSRDemo Once the software and hardware installation described in Section 2 of this manual is complete you will find AP SSRDemo in the start menu of your computer Start AP SSRDemo from the menu An initial panel of controls and a waveform display window will appear During startup AP SSRDemo searches for all Acqiris Analyzers on the PCI bus If none are found AP SSRDemo will display an error message indicating this fact and stop Turn off the computer install and turn ON the hardware on the PCI bus and then restart the computer AP SSRDemo is intended to verify the functionality of the card and to serve as an easy to use and convenient program for capturing displaying and

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