ECEN 5613 Embedded System Design Week #1 Fall 2015
Contents
1. 2004 2015 Linden H McClure Ph D l Embedded System Design 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 They contain similar information but provide additional details you may find useful Some of the Philips and Atmel documents contain more detail and diagrams than the Siemens documents Use them in addition to the above documents if you like Philips 80C51 Family 80C51 Family Architecture pp 1 15 Philips 80C51 8 bit Microcontroller Family Data Sheet pp 1 18 22 25 26 Philips 80C51 Family 80C51 Family Hardware Description pp 1 24 Philips 80C51 Family 80C51 Family Programmer s Guide and Instruction Set pp 1 16 If necessary review your old course notes on digital logic microprocessors and circuits What is the address space of the 8051 What is the purpose of the EA pin on the 8051 What is the purpose of the ALE signal How do you use this signal What is the purpose of PSEN In a system with external memory for what purpose are ports PO and P2 used Does the stack grow toward higher or lower memory in the 8051 At what address is the reset vector located in the 8051 What constraint does this impose on the addition of external memory for an 8031 which does not have internal ROM What interrupts are available on the 8051 What memory locations do the interrupt vectors occupy and why do you think they are spaced at 8 byte intervals How many byte2. e I O ports e Course web site e Memory The assigned reading will be available on the course web site in PDF format 1 Read the handout from class Understanding Timing Diagrams and the C501 Data Sheet 2 Why are the setup and hold times for chips important Suppose you re examining the interface between a processor and an EPROM NVRAM or other non volatile device used for code storage a Why is the access time of the EPROM NVRAM important b Why is the float time of the EPROM NVRAM important c What is bus contention or drive fight d Why must the bus cycle timing in a design be verified if the processor crystal frequency is changed 4 Read Agilent Application Note 1337 Feeling Comfortable with Logic Analyzers available on the course web site or from http www keysight com 5 Read the Agilent HP 1662A Logic Analyzer Notes document available on the course web site 6 Read the Intronix LA1034 LogicPort Logic Analyzer Notes document available on the course web site 7 Download the Intronix LogicPort logic analyzer software from the Intronix web site http www intronix com and become familiar with its capabilities 8 If you haven t completed your wire wrapping for Lab 2 finish that immediately since Lab 2 is more time consuming than Lab 1 9 Read section 6 1 of the C501 User s Manual regarding the I O port circuitry 10 If you haven t done so already go to the course web site and read the v
3. GND what min and max voltages might be seen at the voltage divider output 10 Optional Review the reset circuit design you developed for Homework 1 Taking into consideration the internal diffused Rrst resistor and Vir improve your design and specification Taking into account typical tolerances on your discrete components assume 10 for caps and 5 for resistors design a power on reset circuit which will hold the 80C51 in reset for 20ms upon power on but is guaranteed to come out of reset within 80ms after power on You may assume that 2004 2015 Linden H McClure Ph D 3 Embedded System Design 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 the diffused resistor inside the 80C51 has a worst case minimum value of 40KQ and a worst case maximum value of 225KQ Include a circuit which discharges your capacitor quickly in the event of a temporary glitch in your power supply voltage Assuming you have a momentary pushbutton switch which has a max contact resistance of 100mQ and a max current rating of 50mA at 5V DC modify your design to include a run time reset circuit Your design should include a circuit diagram component values tolerances a reset signal timing diagram and mention of any other assumptions you make Prove that your circuit stays in reset for the required duration given worst case values of all components Briefly how would your reset circuit change if you had a pr
4. H McClure Ph D 2 Embedded System Design ECEN 5613 Embedded System Design Week 2 Fall 2015 Homework 2 This assignment is due by the start of lecture on Week 2 Note there is nothing to hand in for this assignment In this homework assignment you will e Explore noise problems in microcontroller systems and how to address them Explore oscillators for microcontrollers Explore reset circuits and the effects of component tolerances on designs Explore power supply issues and microprocessor supervisory circuits Explore 8051 assembly code the ASM51 assembler and the Emily52 simulator Most of the assigned reading will be available on the course web site in PDF format 2 Download Lab 1 from the course web site and read it completely Also download and review the ECEN 5613 PCB Layout and Partial Schematics and Tips for Board Construction documents 3 Read Intel application note AP 125 Designing Microcontroller Systems for Electrically Noisy Environments Pay careful attention to the section on power supply distribution and decoupling 4 Optional Read Intel application note AP 711 EMI Design Techniques for Microcontrollers in Automotive Applications If you want extra detail read Intel article reprint AR 533 PC Layout Techniques for Minimizing Noise Note that typical values for chip decoupling capacitors are 0 1UF or 0 01 F This article is not available electronically and will be made available in the lab 5 Obtain a
5. at least 3 4 about 2 cm of bare wire should be showing 0 75 inches is about this long Refer to the Metcal Hand Soldering Basics document on the course web site and review the basics of soldering Numerous soldering videos are also available on http www youtube com Other interesting web sites containing soldering details can be found with a simple web search Obtain a suitable lab notebook Your notebook will not be graded Preferably you should use a notebook with sewn in pages Put your name in the book You should use this notebook for embedded system notes and designs during the semester Document your work in ink and date each page as you use it Number the pages in your lab notebook from beginning to end You may want to consider leaving the first page to use as a Table of Contents You can tape photocopies of data sheets including pinouts etc in your notebook for later reference During the course document your discoveries and do your circuit designs and analysis work in the notebook Your notebook does not have to be a work of art but it does need to be legible Capture ideas as you think of them someday you may use your notebook to recall design details about your circuits You may want to capture most of your notes on the right hand pages and use the left hand pages for drawings photocopies etc Your notebook is a good place to write down URLs for web pages containing good embedded systems info 2004 2015 Linden
6. web site 14 Is a decoupling capacitor required when using an EPROM How about when using an NV SRAM 2004 2015 Linden H McClure Ph D 5 Embedded System Design 15 What is the difference between an OTP EPROM and a UV EPROM 16 Do more standard values exist for resistors or for capacitors How might this impact your use of these components in designs 17 Why should components be derated when used in circuits Suppose you have a capacitor that has a working voltage of 10V What maximum operating voltage should be applied to this capacitor for extended periods of time 18 Suppose you have an RC circuit consisting of a 5 100KQ resistor and a 10 5uF capacitor What is the maximum and minimum time constant of this circuit at 25 C 19 How does the temperature characteristic or profile of a resistor or capacitor affect its operation Take a look at the temperature characteristic for an electrolytic capacitor shown below and determine how the component s value changes when operating at 100 C 10 0 10 20 30 50 C 25 C 100 C 20 How do the characteristics of an X7R capacitor compare with a Z5U capacitor 21 Optional Review a logic book or visit a web site such as one of the following and explore logic families While you re at the chosen web site explore a little and try to understand some of the differences between the different logic families e g LS S ALS FAST HC
7. ECEN 5613 Embedded System Design Week 1 Fall 2015 Homework 1 8 24 2015 Snr instants Ter san ioden taamaan ana au 1 By 5 00pm on Friday August 28 e mail a message to the instructor Linden McClure Colorado EDU with the subject line ESDF15 HW 1 The instructor will reply with a brief message so that you know your e mail got to its destination Answer the following questions in the body of your e mail a What is your Buff OneCard number this is not your student ID number b Do you have any preferred times days for TA office hours c Do you have any preferred times days for instructor office hours d Do you have access to a computer with webcam so that you can do video chat with the professor e If you have a job what kind of work do you do for a living f Have you ever built an embedded system before If yes please list the microprocessor s and programming language s you used g What was your favorite technical course in college and why h In which technical class in college did you learn the most and why i In your opinion what are the characteristics of a good professor j What made you interested in this course k What do you want to gain from taking this course 1 Do you have the prerequisite hardware and software knowledge for this course If your answer is no what is your plan for successfully completing the course assignments m Do you have any concerns about t
8. T etc Note the differences in supply voltages and input and output voltages of some of the different devices Using the information from the data sheets or from a text book compare the fanout propagation delays signal transition times and power consumption of at least three of the families Think about the advantages and disadvantages of using each of the particular families you examined Texas Instruments http focus ti com general docs scproducts jsp Texas Instruments http focus ti com lit ml sdyu001z sdyu001z pdf ON Semiconductor http www onsemi com PowerSolutions formerly Motorola logic Toshiba http www toshiba com taec see Products gt Logic ICs NXP http www nxp com products logic Fairchild https www fairchildsemi com products logic For a list of logic manufacturers see http www interfacebus com Standard_Logic html 2004 2015 Linden H McClure Ph D 6 Embedded System Design ECEN 5613 Embedded System Design Week 4 Fall 2015 Homework 4 This assignment should be completed by the start of lecture on Week 5 Note there is nothing to hand in for this assignment however you will use a memory map like this with some modifications for Labs 2 4 In this homework assignment you will explore e Memory Maps Glue Logic Programmable Logic 3 Review class notes and information on the web regarding memory maps and chip select glue logic Design glue logic for your 8051 board which sup
9. XXXXXXXX EPROM Flash 0100XXXXXXXXXXXX 32KB 001 1xxxxxxxxXxxx non volatile memory 00 10xxxxxxxxXxXxx 0001XXXXXXXXXXXX 0000XXXXXXXXXXXX 0000h Read more about the Atmel ATF16V8C SPLD and Atmel WinCUPL Documents and links are available on the course web site Optional Visit the web and learn about GAL PLD technology see the GAL20V8 and ispGAL22V10 and CPLD technology Visit the Xilinx web site http www xilinx com Learn the basics of how the Xilinx FPGA technology works Visit the web sites for Actel http www actel com and Altera http www altera com and understand how their technologies work Optional Search the Internet for web sites with good application notes or technology articles on at least two of the programmable logic technologies listed above If you find any very good sites send an e mail message containing the URLs along with a short clearly written synopsis of each web site to your instructor at Linden McClure Colorado EDU The URLs should be fully qualified use http in each URL so that one can click on the URL in your e mail to go immediately to that web site 2004 2015 Linden H McClure Ph D 7 Embedded System Design ECEN 5613 Embedded System Design Week 4 Fall 2015 Homework 5 This assignment should be completed by the start of lecture on Week 5 Note there is nothing to hand in for this assignment In this homework assignment you will explore e Timing e Logic Analyzers
10. arious pages in the Questions and Answers sections 11 Optional Review some of the Memory Technology links available on the course web site 2004 2015 Linden H McClure Ph D 8 Embedded System Design
11. copy of the data sheet for the LM7805 or LM340T5 linear regulator and read it Make sure you understand how to design a circuit for the regulator and what requirements the regulator has regarding input voltage level and maximum power dissipation 6 Obtain a copy of the Intel application note AP 155 Oscillators for Microcontrollers Read the following sections Page 1 Feedback Oscillators Loop Gain Page 2 How Feedback Oscillators Work The Positive Reactance Oscillator read the first paragraph Page 3 Quartz Crystals Page 5 Frequency Tolerance Page 6 Oscillator Design Considerations On Chip Oscillators Page 7 Oscillation Frequency Selection of Cx and Cx2 Page 13 Start Up Characteristics Page 15 Steady State Characteristics read up to the Pin Capacitance paragraph Pass While you re reading answer the following questions not to hand in What are the definitions for the terms frequency accuracy and frequency stability In what kinds of microcontroller applications would these two parameters be important and why How does the start up of the oscillator impact your reset circuit design Additional information on crystals and oscillators is available at http www txccrystal com http www foxonline com http www ecsxtal com 8 Given a 10KQ resistor with a tolerance of 5 what range of resistance might you measure at 25 C Given a voltage divider 5 resistors with R1 2KQ connected to 5V and R2 3KQ connected to
12. his course If so please describe n Do you understand that this course has a significant workload Note Students are advised not to attempt ECEN 5613 and a heavy credit hour workload in the same semester especially in their first semester at CU 0 In the event that a key lecture needs to be cancelled e g for a blizzard business travel sickness etc what is your availability for a make up lecture on a different day of the week e Tuesday Friday evening e Saturday morning or afternoon e Sunday afternoon e Would you prefer to download a recorded make up lecture and watch it off line E 2 If you do not already have one obtain a Buff OneCard needed for access to the laboratory BBA students not seeking a degree can obtain a card for 25 For more information see https services jsatech com index php cid 59 Read the course syllabus and FAQ available on the course web site 4 Verify you can access the ECEN 5613 course page on Desire2Learn D2L https learn colorado edu 5 Read the specified pages in the course documentation also available from the course web site Siemens C501 Users Manual Read sections 1 5 Skim the rest Siemens C500 Architecture and Instruction Set Read sections 1 3 Skim the rest Siemens C501 Data Sheet Skim pages 1 48 C501 Errata sheet Additional documents have been placed on the course web site http ecee colorado edu meclurel index html
13. how you would program and erase an EPROM Think about how would you design a circuit to program an EPROM 5 Obtain and skim a data sheet for your SRAM on the course web site Your SRAM may be one of several types including the TI BQ4011 NV SRAM Cypress CY62256 32Kx8 Hitachi 62256 Samsung K6T0808C1D or Winbond W24257 SRAM Determine how to hook it up to the 80C51 Compare the SRAM and EPROM pinouts Note that we use the 28 pin DIP package in this class What could happen if you leave the WE pin on the NV SRAM floating not connected Understand how each of the following LS TTL chips works The data sheets are available on the course web site but you may also want to store them on a USB drive key floppy disk or on your PC e 74LS00 74LS02 74LS04 74LS08 74LS74 74LS138 74LS 156 74LS244 74LS245 74LS373 74LS374 The On Semiconductor LS TTL General Data document includes interesting technical information How is noise margin associated with the following logic gate specifications Vou Vor Vin Vit 9 Does a TTL totem pole output sink or source current 10 When a logic high is applied to a TTL gate input is the input sinking or sourcing current 11 When a logic low is applied to a TTL gate input is the input sinking or sourcing current 12 What is fanout and how does that relate to Vou and Vor 13 Read about the Atmel ATF16V8C SPLD programmable logic Read about WinCUPL Documents and links are available on the course
14. ignment In this homework assignment you will explore e External memory interfacing e g EPROMs and SRAMs e Logic families and programmable logic The majority of the assigned reading will be available on the course web site in PDF format If you cannot find the correct data sheet then you may need to look at the data sheet for a similar part manufacturer 1 Review the final project assignment available from the course web site 2 Review the current topics presentation assignment available from the course web site 3 Read pages 1 18 of Philips application note AN457 80C51 External Memory Interfacing While you re reading it keep in mind that the processor on the board that you will build will be running at 11 0592MHz a significantly lower speed than 33MHz Take time to understand the timing diagrams and what each of the minimum and maximum timing specifications really means Take a few minutes and review the timing diagrams in the C501 or 80C51 product specification Remember that during a read cycle the peripheral chip EPROM or SRAM is driving the data bus while during a write cycle the processor is driving the data bus 4 Obtain and read the following EPROM related documents e Data sheet for an EPROM including the AMD Am27C256 32Kx8 or Fairchild FM27C256 EPROM e Technical note Programming AMD s CMOS EPROMs Determine how you would hook up an EPROM to the 80C51 Get a basic understanding for how EPROMs work and
15. nd line options available for each software tool Learn each of the assembler directives Review the testl asm test2 asm and test3 asm files distributed with the demo version of Emily52 Experiment with ASM51 and create full listing LST files containing symbol information Become familiar with using the ORG and EQU directives Assemble your code with a command line similar to one of the following asm51 testl asm F asm51 testl F S asm51 testl F I Examine the full listing file and verify the machine code generated by the assembler matches the assembly code Compare the output of the hex file generated with and without the I option Experiment with Emily52 and load a hex file created by ASM51 We will be using the 8051 with a combined program and data space all semester therefore when you start Emily52 use the Overlay option when you load a hex record as shown Understand how to control code execution and how to modify registers and memory Explore the help menu F1 under the main screen and the help menu F1 under the edit Data memory screen D Get these parts of the lab done early so that you have more time to focus on hardware once you receive your parts kit 2004 2015 Linden H McClure Ph D 4 Embedded System Design ECEN 5613 Embedded System Design Week 3 Fall 2015 Homework 3 This assignment should be completed by the start of lecture on Week 4 Note there is nothing to hand in for this ass
16. ocessor which was held in reset with a low voltage on its reset line instead of a high voltage Sketch your circuit but don t worry about supplying values for all your components Read Microchip application note AN686 Understanding and Using Supervisory Circuits Skim the Microchip MCP 101 Microcontroller Supervisory Circuit data sheet Read the Maxim MAX691 data sheet Design a resistive circuit to be connected to the PFI input of the MAX691 which will trigger PFO if the supply voltage drops below 4 75V Which Maxim chip would you use to control the RST line of the 80C51 Why How does the MCP 101 compare in functionality to the MAX691 Why would you choose one instead of the other Review the instruction set of the 8051 What are the main categories of instructions supported What is the difference between an AJMP and a LIMP assembly command When might you want to use one instead of the other For the next part you will need to use the ASM51 assembler and the Emily52 simulator You may use the licensed tools installed on the computers in the lab or you can obtain a copy of the Emily52 demo kit from the course web site This demo kit includes a version of both the ASM51 assembler and the Emily52 simulator as well as a few simple example files Review the Emily52 presentation available on the course web site Read the documentation for ASMS1 and Emily52 You will run these programs from within a DOS window Understand the comma
17. ports the following memory map Your code storage device EPROM or NV SRAM must be located starting at address 0000h and must occupy 32KB of address space addresses 0000h 7FFFh A 32KB SRAM must be located starting at address 8000h and must occupy 28KB of address space addresses 8000h EFFFh Note The upper 4KB of the 32KB SRAM will not be used The next 4KB of address space addresses FOOOH FFFFh should be used for peripherals which you will add later in the semester Your decode logic should generate a chip select signal for the EPROM a chip select for the SRAM and a chip select for peripherals Use a combined program and data space for the SRAM by ANDing the PSEN and RD lines to create a READ signal for the SRAM OE pin Options for your decode logic include the Atmel ATF16V8C SPLD programmable logic discrete logic a 74LS138 or a 74LS156 Use a 74LS373 to demultiplex the 8051 address data bus If you choose to use a fast 245 transceiver to buffer Port 0 you can use the READ signal to control the direction of data flow through the transceiver Address in Binary Hex Address Use 1111xxxxxxxxxxxx FOO0O FFFFh Peripherals 4KB 1 1 10xxxxxxxxxxxx EFFFh 1101XXXXXXXXXXXX 1 100XXXXXXXXXXXX External SRAM 1011xXXXXXXXXXXX XRAM 1010XXXXXXXXXXXX 28KB 1001XXXXXXXXXXXX Increasing 1000XxXXXXXXXXXXX 8000h es Addresses O11 1xxxxxxxxxxxx 7TFFFh Space Ol 1Oxxxxxxxxxxxx 0101XXXX
18. s of internal RAM are implemented in the 80C51 How about on the C501 Why is the inclusion of RAM on a microcontroller important If the first instruction of my code was PUSH ACC or PUSH A what memory address would contain the pushed copy of the accumulator For what purpose is DPTR used If I wanted to combine the external program and external data memory into one addressing space what would I have to do to the PSEN and RD control signals In order to reset the processor is it necessary to supply a logic high or a logic low voltage to the reset pin Why is a reset signal required What is the minimum voltage required on the RST pin to hold the processor in reset What is the purpose of the diffused resistor inside the processor Review RC circuits Now design an appropriate power on reset circuit for the 8051 Be prepared to discuss the nuances of this circuit in depth How does the threshold of the RST pin input impact your design How do the tolerances of resistors and capacitors impact your design How does the tolerance of the power supply impact your design Refer to videos on http www youtube com and learn about wire wrapping Note that the wire connecting any two pins should have a small amount of slack so that you can move the wire a little to aid in debugging if necessary however there shouldn t be too much slack since it will make the circuit more electrically noisy and may be hard to debug When stripping wire wrap wire
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