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LDA5/PAM1 User Manual

1. lt Back Next gt Cancel Select Additional Tasks Which additional tasks should be performed Ready to Install Setup is now ready to begin installing LDAS on your computer Select the additional tasks you would like Setup to perform while installing LDAS then lick Next Additional icons Click Install to continue with the installation or click Back if you want to review or change any settings Destination location a C Agico LDAS Start Menu Folder LDAS Additional tasks Additional icons Create a desktop icon Information Please read the following important information before continuing Completing the LDA5 Setup Wizard When you are ready to continue with Setup click Next LDAS ver 1 1 0 was successfully installed on your computer Thank you for using Agico Inc software Setup has finished installing LDAS on your computer The application may be launched by selecting the installed icons Click Finish to exit Setup Figure 5 Installation steps of LDA5 program 11 LDA5 PAM1 User Manual Agico Inc 5 Working with the Instrument 5 1 Starting the Instrument 1 Make sure that the LDA5 program is correctly installed see Chap ter4 1 2 Connect the instrument to the computer via the USB cable A new virtual COM Port is automatically assigned Wait several seconds to c
2. 2 0004 20 5 4 1 Setting Magnetization Parameters 20 5 4 2 Magnetization Process ar ake KR 22 5 5 Pulse Magnetization Larus ea 82 aa ee ake es 24 8 5 1 Setting Magnetization Parameters 24 5 0 2 Magnetization Process dsc 0 2 0 02 bee 4 25 6 Appendix 27 6 1 Technical Specifications o o 27 Dr AN ALFA Van ee RN 28 6 3 EC Declaration of Conformity 29 vil LDA5 PAMI1 User Manual Agico Inc 1 Introduction LDA5 Laboratory Demagnetizer using Alternating field serves for a lab oratory demagnetization of rock or soil samples Alternating field demagne tization is one of the principal techniques used in paleomagnetism to isolate the characteristic component s of the natural remanent magnetization In rock magnetic research alternating field demagnetization is used for magnetic cleaning namely to remove any laboratory imparted magnetization resulting from rock magnetic experiments PAM1 Pulse and Anhysteretic Magnetizer optional electronic add on unit to LDA5 Demagnetizer serves for a deliberate anhysteretic or low field isothermal magnetization of rock or soil samples A controlled acquisition of remanent magnetization either ARM or IRM is used for example to estimate absolute paleointensity characterize magnetic carriers of rocks de termine their domain state and grain sizes detect magnetic fabric or study any other fundamental aspects o
3. o x axis magnetization parallel to the x axis o y axis magnetization parallel to the y axis o z axis magnetization parallel to the z axis o x axis magnetization parallel to the 2 axis o y axis magnetization parallel to the y axis o z axis magnetization parallel to the z axis PREV previous magnetizing direction is set PgUp NEXT next magnetizing direction is set PgDn y Auto next if checked a subsequent magnetizating direction is automatically set when the current magnetization is finished 10Not available when Pulse time is longer than 1s 11 Available only for Anisotropy modes 24 LDA5 PAMI User Manual Agico Inc Pulse intensity LDAS ver 1 2 0 Desktop Mode DEMAGNETIZER ANHYSTERETIC MAGNETIZER DC field mT 20 Time s Pulse time E Pulses Number of alternating pulses EEE Lei Y Tumbler User mode A mode P mode C mode C x axis C y axis C x axis C y axis AC field mT C B mode C D mode C z axis C z axis PREY NEXT Auto next INITIALIZE TUMBLER DC field mT INSTRUMENT IS READY E LDAS ver 1 2 0 Tablet Mode DEMAGNETIZER ANHYSTERETIC MAGNETIZER Pulse time 20 Time s 1 Pulse intensity DC field mT Pulses Number of alternating pulses CE Usermode A mode B mode P mode C mode D
4. three months after the date of shipment due to causes on side of Customer the warranty period begins three months after the date of shipment If any such product proves defective during this warranty period AGICO at its option either will repair the defective product without charge for parts and labour or will provide a replacement in exchange for the defective product In order to obtain service under this warranty Customer must notify AGICO of the defect before the expiration of the warranty period and make suitable arrangements for the performance of service AGICO will decide if the repair is to be performed by AGICO technician or AGICO delegated serviceman in customers laboratory or product shall be sent for repair to the manufacturer In latter case customer shall be responsible for packaging and shipping the defective product to the AGICO service centre In both cases all the costs related to a warranty repair shall be at expenses of AGICO The warranty becomes invalid if the Customer modifies the instrument or fails to follow the operating instructions in case of failure caused by improper use or improper or inadequate maintenance and care or if the Customer attempts to install the instrument without explicit written permission of AGICO company AGICO shall not be obligated to furnish service under this warranty a to repair damage resulting from attempts by personnel other than AGICO representatives to install repair or service th
5. accessories from the trans portation box and unwrap the packing material Refer to the Packing List to verify that everything has been delivered Briefly inspect each item for shipping damage If anything is missing or damaged contact the manufacturer or your dealer immediately 2 Place the individual units on a solid preferably wooden table For the maximum shielding effect the Specimen Unit should be oriented us ing a compass with its cylinder axis perpendicular to the local magnetic meridian i e its axis should be oriented W E It is recommended to draw a W E line on the table before installing the Specimen Unit because a close contact of the compass with the mu metal shield could cause a compass deviation and thus an imprecise orientation LDA5 Unit and optionally PAM1 Unit are recommended to be placed on the table next to the Specimen Unit see Figure3 for an example set up 3 Connect the individual units using the interconnecting cables Fig ure4 The cables have different connectors so any misconnection is impossible PC Computer Desktop Notebook Tablet is connected to the LDA5 Unit via USB cable provided with the instrument LDA5 program must be installed before the USB cable is connected to the computer LDA5 Unit and optionally PAM1 Unit are connected to the power outlet via a surge protector Never lift the Specimen Unit by the top side metal rods It should be handled only using two blue handgrips at ea
6. emergency e g specimen gets loose magnetizing process can be immediately stopped by clicking on STOP Space Bar DC field intensity drops to zero as fast as possible To initialize the tumbler hit INITIALIZE TUMBLER Key 1 12DC field vector points out of the coil 26 LDA5 PAM1 User Manual Agico Inc 6 Appendix 6 1 Technical Specifications LDA5 PC connection Specimen dimensions AC field Power requirements Main fuses Dimensions Mass PAM1 DC field Duration of DC pulse Power requirements Main fuses Dimensions Mass USB port galvanically isolated from the PC Cube 23 5 x 23 5 x 23 5mm Cube 20 0 x 20 0 x 20 0mm with adapter Cylinder 25 4 diameter 23 5 mm height 0to200mT peak value 230 V 50 Hz 1600 VA max optionally 115 V 60 Hz 2x 10A for 115V 2x 20 A T Time lag type Specimen Unit 110 x 39 x 46 cm 95 kg Electronic Unit 47 x 38 x 17 cm 30 kg 0 to 500 uT Anhysteretic Magnetizer 1to20mT Pulse Magnetizer 0 01 to 10s Pulse Magnetizer 230 V 50 Hz 100 VA max optionally 115 V 60 Hz 2x 2A for 115 V 2 x 4A T Time lag type Electronic Unit 47 x 38 x 13cm 20kg 21 LDA5 PAM1 User Manual Agico Inc 6 2 Warranty AGICO warrants that this product will be free from defects in materials and workmanship for a period of usually 1 one year from date of installation However if the installation is performed later than 3
7. mode x axis y axis z axis x axis y axis z axis PREV u NEXT Auto next INITIALIZE TUMBLER AC field mT DC field mT INSTRUMENT IS READY Figure 11 An example of the PULSE MAGNETIZER user interface in the Desktop or Tablet installation modes 5 5 2 Magnetization Process 1 Pull the tumbler from the Specimen Unit 2 Insert the specimen into the tumbler Figure8 The front face of the specimen must be oriented toward the coil and the arrow representing the z axis of the specimen coordinate system Figure9 must point upward 3 Gently tighten the fixing screw Figure 8 Be careful excessive tight ening force may temporarily skew the tumbler which may leads to its malfunction 25 LDA5 PAM1 User Manual Agico Inc 10 11 Push the tumbler all the way into the Specien Unit Hit START Enter The tumbler sets the required specimen orientation according to the Magnetizing mode The DC field is swiched ON The current DC field intensity is shown in the GREEN panel of the user interface Figure 11 After a desired pulse time the DC field is swiched OFF If the number of Pulses is higher than 1 the Steps 7 and 8 are repeated for a required number of times each time with a pulse of alternating polarity The tumbler is initialized WU INSTRUMENT IS READY status bar mesage indicates that the in strument is ready for the next action In case of
8. s Cables Only Other devices can be connected to the instrument via the appropriate cables only Avoid tumbling empty tumbler If doing so e g for the purpose of testing or instrument demonstration make sure that the fixing screw is tighten Loose screw may halt the tumbling motion and demage the tumbler Unstable or highly disturbed AC power may invoke safety circuits to protect the sensitive electronic parts by switching OFF the instrument or burning inner fuses Storage and Transportation The properly wrapped instrument can be stored and transported at a tem perature 20 C to 55 C and relative humidity up to 80 The instrument must be stored at suitable place free of dust and chemical evaporation LDA5 PAM1 User Manual Agico Inc Contents 1 Introduction 1 2 Operational Principle 3 2 1 Demasnelirer es a rade ose age ars eae ae eH Le 3 2 2 Anhysteretie Magnetizer ua dann da A ee 4 2 3 Pulse Magnelivert pearl a Buche a a Dr 4 3 Instrument Set Up 7 4 Computer Control 10 4 1 Software Installation 0 0 000000 0000 4 10 4 2 Uninstalling of Software teria En Gane e oh Gan ge yy ere Di 10 5 Working with the Instrument 12 5 1 Starting the Instrument leo ese BAS MAS 12 5 2 Selecting Instrument Mode 2 3 5 H 8m 2 HH ri 13 5 3 Demagnetization 3 ma a are dee 14 8 3 1 Setting Demagnetization Parameters 14 5 3 2 Demagnetization Process 000 17 5 4 Anhysteretic Magnetization
9. D2 P8 90 0 U4 y axis C4 270 0 U5 7 axis C5 D3 P13 0 90 U6 z axis C6 0 90 U7 Al B1 P2 45 0 U8 A2 P5 225 0 U9 A3 B2 P4 315 0 U10 A4 P1 135 0 U11 A5 B3 P7 90 45 U12 A6 P10 270 45 U13 AT B4 P9 90 45 U14 A8 P6 270 45 U15 A9 B5 P12 0 45 U16 A10 P15 180 45 U17 All B6 P14 180 45 U18 A12 P11 0 45 5 4 2 Magnetization Process 1 Pull the tumbler from the Specimen Unit 2 Insert the specimen into the tumbler Figure8 The front face of the specimen must be oriented toward the coil and the arrow representing the z axis of the specimen coordinate system Figure 9 must point upward 3 Gently tighten the fixing screw Figure 8 Be careful excessive tight ening force may temporarily skew the tumbler which may leads to its malfunction 8 Available only for Anisotropy modes 22 LDA5 PAM1 User Manual Agico Inc 10 11 Push the tumbler all the way into the Specien Unit until you feel a slight click Hit START Enter The tumbler sets the required specimen orientation according to the Magnetizing mode DC field is switched ON AC field is increased to its maximum amplitude ACmnax maintained constant for a desired time and then gradually decreased to zero Fig ure 7 The current AC field amplitude is displayed in the RED panel and the current DC field intensity in the GREEN panel of the user interface Figure 11 DC field is switched OFF Alternatively
10. LDA5 PAM1 Alternating Field Demagnetizer Anhysteretic and Pulse Magnetizer User Manual Version 1 2 0 October 2013 AGICO Inc LDA5 PAM1 User Manual Agico Inc User Manual Conventions Q Prohibition symbol is used to prohibit any action which may cause a loss of properties damage or injury A Warning symbol is used to draw a special attention to an important information Q Information symbol is used to give a useful hint or tip for more confortable work with the instrument LDA5 Software Conventions AC amplitude User interface terms Fast Default values are underlined User interface buttons F1 Keyboard shortcuts Enter Applicable only in the Desktop mode Status Bar Indicators Green Instrument is ready Orange Instrument in action Al Blinking orange Demagnetization Magnetization in process Red Error or User stop ill LDA5 PAM1 User Manual Agico Inc General Safety Instructions Before beginning of work with the instrument review the following safety pre cautions to avoid injury and prevent damage to this product or any products connected to it Only qualified personnel should perform service procedures O Q Do Not Operate Without Covers To avoid electric shock or fire hazard do not operate this product with covers or panels removed Do Not Operate in Wet or Damp Conditions To avoid electric shock do not operate this product in we
11. Revise your installation settings and start the installation by clicking on Install Figure 5f 7 Revise the installation report Figure 5g 8 Finish the installation by clicking on Finish Figure 5h 4 2 Uninstalling of Software To remove LDA5 from your computer select the Uninstall LDA5 item in the Start Programs LDA5 menu option All application files desktop icons and shortcuts will be deleted 10 LDA5 PAM1 User Manual Agico Inc Welcome to the LDA5 Setup Wizard This will install LDAS ver 1 1 0 on your computer It is recommended that you close all other applications before continuing Click Next to continue or Cancel to exit Setup Application Mode What is your device Please select the device type on which the application is installed then click Next Tablet Select Destination Location Where should LDAS be installed Select Start Menu Folder Y Where should Setup place the program s shortcuts h Setup will install LDAS into the Following folder To continue click Next If you would like to select a different folder click Browse Browse At least 4 2 MB of free disk space is required j Setup will create the program s shortcuts in the Following Start Menu folder To continue click Next If you would like to select a different folder click Browse Browse
12. c specimen b Cubic specimen x Figure 9 Specimen marking convention for cylindric and cubic specimens right handed coordinate system Single arrow represents the x axis of the spec imen 18 LDA5 PAM1 User Manual Agico Inc To prevent an excessive overheating of the instrument amplifier es pecially when higher AC fields with longer AC max plateau times are used the software may wait for a short time before new demagneti zation treatment is allowed to start Long term use of higher AC fields causes a gradual heating of the Specimen Unit coil Heat dissipation is aided by cooling fans that are automatically activated when AC amplitude higher then 50 mT is set 19 LDA5 PAM1 User Manual Agico Inc 5 4 Anhysteretic Magnetization 5 4 1 Setting Magnetization Parameters Switch the instrument into the ANHYSTERETIC MAGNETIZER mode Section 5 2 and set the desired magnetization parameters Figure 11 AC DC fields AC max maximum amplitude of AC field 0 200 mT AC min amplitude of AC field at which DC field is switched OFF 0 AC max DC intensity of DC field 0 500 pT AC max time duration of AC max plateau 0 30s AC decrease rate o Slow decrease rate ca 1mT s 0 100 mT o Medium decrease rate ca 1 5mT s 0 150mT e Fast decrease rate ca 3mT s 0 200 mT o Extra fast decrease rate ca 9mT s 0 200 mT AC decrease
13. ch side of the unit or the metal base frame The instrument parts are very heavy Be careful especially when handling the Specimen Unit You may retain the transportation box and other packing material in case you need to ship the instrument For LDA5 installation see Chapter 4 1 LDA5 PAMI User Manual Agico Inc to AC power outlet Figure 4 LDA5 PAM1 interconnecting scheme LDA5 PAM1 User Manual Agico Inc 4 Computer Control The instrument is controlled by the LDA5 program running on a PC Desk top or Tablet with MS Windows Operating System Windows 98 up to Windows 8 If the instrument is delivered with a computer a copy of LDAS is already installed If not you must install the software according to the following instructions 4 1 Software Installation The installation is very straightforward and consists of several easy steps You can navigate forward or backward by clicking on Next gt or lt Back respectively 1 Double click on LDA5 Setup exe to start the LDA5 Setup Wizard Figure 5a 2 Select whether you install the software on Desktop or Tablet Fig ure 5b 3 Select the installation directory Figure 5c It is recommended to keep the default directory C Agico LDA5 as pre set by the installation wizard 4 Choose the folder name in the Start menu Figure 5d 5 Indicate whether you want to create a desktop icon Figure 5e 6
14. coordinate system Figure9 must point upward Gently tighten the fixing screw Figure 8 Be careful excessive tight ening force may temporarily skew the tumbler which may leads to its malfunction Push the tumbler all the way into the Specien Unit Hit START Enter According to the Demagnetization mode the tumbling motion starts or the required specimen orientation is set AC field is quickly increased to its maximum amplitude AC max main tained constant for a desired time and then gradually decreased to zero Figure 7 The current AC field amplitude is displayed in the RED panel of the user interface Figure 6 In the Three axes mode the Steps 6 and 7 are repeated for each specimen axis The tumbler is initialized INSTRUMENT IS READY status bar mesage indicates that the in strument is ready for the next action In case of emergency e g specimen gets loose demagnetization process can be immediately stopped by clicking on STOP Space Bar Tumbling motion is immediately stopped and AC field amplitude drops to zero as fast as possible To initialize the tumbler hit INITIALIZE TUMBLER Key I 17 LDA5 PAMI User Manual Agico Inc Figure 8 Specimen mounting into the tumbler The front face of the specimen must be oriented toward the coil and the arrow representing the x axis of the specimen coordinate system red must point upward a Cylindri
15. course o Speeding gentle decrease of AC amplitude at start and steep in the end Figure 7a e Linear linear decrease of AC amplitude Figure 7b o Slowing steep decrease of AC amplitude at start and gentle in the end Figure 7c y Tumbler if checked the tumbler is active and the following options are applicable e User mode all available 18 directions o A mode anisotropy A mode 12 directions o B mode anisotropy B mode 6 directions 6See AC decrease rate for the maximum AC amplitude available for each rate For approximate duration of a single demagnetization treatment see Tablel on Page 16 20 LDA5 PAM1 User Manual Agico Inc i a LDAS ver 1 2 0 Tablet Mode E L ver 1 2 0 Desktop Mode DEMAGNETIZER e DEMAGNETIZER PULSE MAGNETIZER PULSE MAGNETIZER ACIDC fields AC max time AC DC fields AC max time AC max mT 50 Time s 1 AC max mT 50 Time s 1 3 AC min mT 0 AC min mT 0 DC uT 100 DC uT 100 AC decrease rate AC decrease course gt AC dooreaso tate ET c Slow C Speeding Slow Medium Medi j a Linear N Extra fast 2 Slowing Kl C Extra fast l Tumbler PA User mode A mode B mode Usermode Sanoo Eee P mode C C mode D mode P mode C mode D mode C x axis C y axis C z axis x axis y axis z axis C x axis C y axis C z axis x axis y axis z axis PREV NEXT PREV NEXT Auto ne
16. e product b to repair damage resulting from improper use or connection to incompatible equipment or c to service a product that has been modified or integrated with other products when the effect of such modification increases the time or difficulty of servicing the product This warranty is given by AGICO with respect to this product in lieu of any other warranties expressed or implied AGICO and its vendors disclaim any implied warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose AGICO s responsibility to repair or replace defective products is the sole and exclusive remedy provided to the Customer for breach of this warranty AGICO and its vendors will not be liable for any indirect special inciden tal or consequential damages irrespective of whether AGICO or vendor has advance notice of the possibility of such damages 28 LDA5 PAM1 User Manual Agico Inc 6 3 EC Declaration of Conformity We AGICO s r o Je n 29a CZ 621 00 Brno ICO 607 313 54 declare that the product Name System for alternating field demagnetization and anhyste retic pulse magnetization of rock samples Modulus Type LDA5 Alternating Field Demagnetizer Modulus Type PAM1 Anhysteretic and Pulse Magnetizer Manufacturer AGICO s r o Je n 29a CZ 621 00 Brno ICO 607 313 54 Place of producing AGICO s r o Je n 29a CZ 621 00 Brno ICO 607 313 54 fulfils the applicable requirements of following regulatio
17. en Unit DC field is parallel to the coil axis and points out of the coil The two axis tumbler facilitates specimen positioning into 18 different orientations and hence a directional IRM acquisition Figure 2 Optionally the directional acquisition can be subsequently performed following a scheme of directions to calculate anisotropy of isothermal remanent magnetization AIRM LDA5 PAM1 User Manual Agico Inc a AF Demagnetization b Anhysteretic Magnetization ACmax AC field AC field DC field ops o RTEA gt pu Time a u Time a u Cc Partial Anhysteretic Magnetization Pulse Magnetization ACm AC field DC field DC field ACmin MM I ea Time a u Time a u Figure 1 Schematic principles of demagnetization or magnetization a Alternating field demagnetization particles with coercivity equal to or lower than AC max are demagnetized b Anhysteretic magnetization particles with coercivity equal to or lower than AC max are magnetized c Partial anhysteretic magnetization only particles within the coerciv ity window between AC ax and ACmin are magnetized d Pulse magnetization example of four DC field pulses with alt
18. ernating polarity LDA5 PAMI User Manual Agico Inc U15 U18 U14 U5 U11 i Lower hemisphere U2 O Upper hemisphere Figure 2 Spherical projection of 18 magnetizing directions User mode LDA5 PAM1 User Manual Agico Inc 3 Instrument Set Up The instrument consists of the following units Figure 3 e Specimen Unit a large glossy tube equipped with a demagnetiz ing magnetizing coil located inside of three mu metal shielding Inside of the coil and parallel to its axis there is a specimen holder equipped with a two axis tumbler system further refer to as the tumbler The tumbler is attached to a rail and can be pulled out the Specimen Unit in order to mount the specimen e LDA5 Unit controls demagnetization process as well as the tumbler motion e PAM1 Unit an optional add on unit It controls the generation of DC fields used for anhysteretic or pulse magnetizations e PC Computer controls the instrument via a USB cable Specimen Unit pees FL Handgrip Tumbler PC Computer LDA5 Unit Figure 3 A typical set up of LDA5 PAM1 showing individual units of the instrument LDA5 PAM1 User Manual Agico Inc The instrument is transported as unconnected units that are carefully packed in order to be protected as much as possible from any transportation related damage To assemble the instrument follow these steps 1 Remove carefully all units and instrument
19. f magnetism LDA5 PAM1 User Manual Agico Inc LDA5 PAM1 User Manual Agico Inc 2 Operational Principle 2 1 Demagnetizer Alternating field demagnetization is performed by exposing a specimen to an alternating magnetic field AC field of gradually decreasing amplitude in a null magnetic field environment Figurela The peak AC field amplitude AC max controls which part of the specimen coercivity spectrum is involved in the demagnetization process Assuming a range of coercivities in a speci men domains with coercivities equal to or lower than ACmax follow the field oscillation As the field amplitude is gradually decreased each domain is re magnetized when the field passes its coercivity value Two opposite senses of the AC field represent two preferential directions and when AC field ampli tude gets to zero domain magnetization is statistically distributed half in one sense half in the opposite thereby yielding a zero resultant magnetization During a demagnetization treatment the AC field amplitude is 1 in creased to its peak value as quickly as possible special care is taken not to overshoot the peak value 2 maintained constant for a desired time AC max plateau and then 3 gradually decreased to zero There are four options for the decrease rate and three options for the course of decrease Figure 7 During the entire process the specimen is subjected to a slow motion in the two axis tumbler to allow t
20. g specimen o Three axes subsequent demagnetization parallel to all three spec imen axes o x axis demagnetization with the 2 axis facing out of the coil o y axis demagnetization with the y axis facing out of the coil o z axis demagnetization with the z axis facing out of the coil o x axis demagnetization with the x axis facing out of the coil o y axis demagnetization with the y axis facing out of the coil o z axis demagnetization with the z axis facing out of the coil 14 LDA5 PAM1 User Manual Agico Inc ANHYSTERETIC MAGNETIZER PULSE MAGNETIZER AC amplitude AC max time AC max mT 50 Time s 1 rAC decrease rate AC decrease course pa es Speeding N Medium A Linear N pai C Slowing Kl C Extra fast JV Tumbler Tumbling specimen C Three axes x y z C x axis C y axis C z axis C x axis C y axis C z axis INITIALIZE TUMBLER AC field mT DC field uT E INSTRUMENT IS READY AC amplitude AC max mT AC decrease rate Slow LDAS ver 1 2 0 Tablet Mode ANHYSTERETIC MAGNETIZER PULSE MAGNETIZER AC max time 50 Time s 1 AC decrease course Medium EN Extra fast Three axes x y z x axis y axis z axis x axis y axis z axis INITIALIZE TUMBLER AC field mT DC field uT BEE INSTRUMENT IS READY Figure 6 An exam
21. g the Windows device manager 12 LDA5 PAM1 User Manual Agico Inc 5 2 Selecting Instrument Mode Depending on the hardware configuration the following instrument modes are available Click on the respective button to switch the instrument into the desired mode DEMAGNETIZER F1 see Section 5 3 ANHYSTERETIC MAGNETIZER 3 F2 see Section 5 4 PULSE MAGNETIZER 3 F3 see Section 5 5 3 Available only when the PAM1 Unit is connected 13 LDA5 PAM1 User Manual Agico Inc 5 3 Demagnetization 5 3 1 Setting Demagnetization Parameters Switch the instrument into the DEMAGNETIZER mode Section 5 2 and set the desired demagnetization parameters Figure 6 AC amplitude maximum amplitude of AC field 0 200mT AC max time duration of AC field plateau 0 30s AC decrease rate o Slow decrease rate ca 1 mT s 0 100mT o Medium decrease rate ca 1 5mT s 0 150 mT e Fast decrease rate ca 3mT s 0 200mT o Extra fast decrease rate ca 9mT s 0 200 mT AC decrease course o Speeding gentle decrease of AC amplitude at start and steep in the end Figure 7a e Linear linear decrease of AC amplitude Figure 7b o Slowing steep decrease of AC amplitude at start and gentle in the end Figure 7c y Tumbler if checked the tumbler is active and the following options are applicable e Tumbling specimen demagnetization of tumblin
22. he demagnetization in all possible directions Alternatively the specimen can be demagnetized parallel to one of its co ordinate system axis or in the three axis mode subsequently parallel to all three axes The whole demagnetization process is computer controlled and fully automated The usual strategy of alternating field demagnetization is to repeat the above described process in several steps each time with increasing ACmax and thus gradually erase remanence components of increasing coercivity Af ter each step the magnetic remanence should be measured and visualized to monitor the whole process The actual demagnetization using LDA5 is performed in the Specimen Unit equipped with a solenoid coil shielded from the external magnetic field mainly Earth s magnetic field by three layers of mu metal The coil carries an alternating current which induces an alternating magnetic field that is in a certain volume inside the coil parallel to its axis The electric current is generated in such a way that it is free of the higher harmonic frequencies that may cause an undesired parasitic magnetization LDA5 PAM1 User Manual Agico Inc 2 2 Anhysteretic Magnetizer Anhysteretic remanent magnetization ARM is acquired when a spec imen is subjected to an AC field of gradually decreasing amplitude simultane ously with a steady DC field also referred to as a bias field The combined action of AC and DC fields is much more efficient i
23. n producing a remanence than the application of a DC field alone AC field amplitude controls which particles based on their coercivity are involved in the magnetization process while DC field intensity controls how much the particles in question are mag netized Typically the DC field is maintained during the entire course of AC field decrease Figure 1b In a special case a DC field is applied only for a limited time within an AC coercivity window ACmax and ACnin to acquire a partial ARM pARM Figure lc The actual magnetization using LDA5 PAM1 is performed in the Spe cimen Unit DC field is parallel to the coil axis and points out of the coil The two axis tumbler facilitates specimen positioning into 18 different orientations with respect to the coil axis and hence a directional ARM acquisition Figure2 Optionally the directional acquisition can be subse quently performed following a scheme of directions to calculate anisotropy of anhysteretic remanent magnetization AARM 2 3 Pulse Magnetizer Isothermal remanent magnetization IRM is usually understood as a remanence resulting from the application of a DC field to an assemblage of magnetic particles Using the Pulse Magnetizer IRM is imparted by subjecting a specimen to a pulse of DC field of certain intensity duration and polarity or optionally a sequence of pulses of alternating polarity Figure 1d The actual magnetization using LDA5 PAM1 is performed in the Spe cim
24. ns normative doc uments and technical specifications CSN EN 61000 6 3 ed 2 2007 A1 2011 Czech version EN 61000 6 3 2007 A1 2011 CSN EN 55016 2 1 ed 3 2009 A1 2011 Czech version EN 55016 2 1 2010 A1 2011 CSN EN 55016 2 3 ed 3 2010 A1 2011 Czech version EN 55016 2 3 2010 A1 2010 CSN 61000 3 2 ed 3 2006 A1 2010 A2 2010 Czech version EN 61000 3 2 2006 A1 2009 A2 2009 CSN EN 61000 3 3 ed 2 2009 Czech version EN 61000 3 3 2008 CSN EN 61000 6 1 ed 2 2007 Czech version EN 61000 6 1 2005 CSN EN 61000 4 2 ed 2 2009 Czech version EN 61000 4 2 2009 CSN EN 61000 4 3 ed 3 2006 A1 2008 A2 2011 Czech version EN 61000 4 3 2006 A 1 2007 A2 2010 CSN EN 61000 4 4 ed 2 2005 A1 2010 Czech version EN 61000 4 4 2004 A1 2010 CSN EN 61000 4 5 ed 2 2007 Czech version EN 61000 4 5 2006 CSN EN 61000 4 6 ed 3 2009 Czech version EN 61000 4 6 2009 CSN EN 61000 4 11 ed 2 2005 Czech version EN 61000 4 11 2004 Z ici ci The judgement of conformity was performed in co operation with the T V SUD Czech s r o Prague Czech Republic Place and date of issue Brno May 2013 Responsible person Petr Pokorny development engineer 29
25. omplete this action until a notification appears 3 Switch ON the LDA5 Unit and optionally the PAM1 Unit The main power switch is located on the rear side of the respective unit 4 Start LDA5 by double clicking on LDA5 desktop icon or by clicking on the LDA5 item in the Start Programs LDA5 menu of the operating system 5 The software automatically a Searches for the instrument connection via USB If no connec tion is found check whether the instrument is ON or properly connected b Searches for the optimal frequency of AC current used for AC field generation The optimal frequency should be around 43 Hz This step is done only once a month c Initializes the tumbler 6 PH INSTRUMENT IS READY status bar message indicates a successfull instrument initialization A LDA5 Unit cannot be switched ON right after it has been switched OFF You must wait 10s before restarting the instrument Even though the PAM1 Unit has its own main power switch its Q switching is controlled by the LDA5 Unit You may leave the PAM1 Unit ON all the time To get an interactive hint hover the mouse pointer over the desired item of the user interface without clicking it and a tooltip box ap pears Note that Tooltips do not appear in the Tablet mode 2Only the virtual ports COM1 to COM16 are scanned If the connection is not found check whether the assigned COM port is in the range COM1 COM16 usin
26. ple of the DEMAGNETIZER user interface in the Desktop or Tablet installation modes 4See AC decrease rate for the maximum AC amplitude available for each rate 5For approximate duration of a single demagnetization treatment see Tablel on Page 16 15 LDA5 PAM1 User Manual Agico Inc Table 1 Approximate durations of a single demagnetization anhysteretic magnetization treatment according to the maximum AC field amplitude and AC decrease rate Note that the presented values do not include duration of tumbler manipulations and AC max plateau AC max Slow Medium Fast Extra fast 10mT 228 19s 16s 14s 20 mT 3ls 258 19s 16s 50 mT 58 s 438 29s 19s 100 mT 105s 74s 44s 24s 150mT n a 108 s 64s 35s 200 mT n a n a 80s Als a Speeding b Linear Time a u Time a u c Slowing AC amplitude a u Time a u Figure 7 AC field amplitude during a single demagnetization treatment Blue AC field increase Green AC maz plateau Red AC field decrease with three different courses a Speeding decrease b Linear decrease c Slowing descrease 16 LDA5 PAM1 User Manual Agico Inc 5 3 2 Demagnetization Process 1 2 9 10 Pull the tumbler from the Specimen Unit Insert the specimen into the tumbler Figure8 The front face of the specimen must be oriented toward the coil and the arrow representing the z axis of the specimen
27. t or damp conditions Do Not Operate in an Explosive Atmosphere To avoid injury or fire hazard do not operate this product in an explosive atmosphere Do Not Disconnect Connectors To avoid damage of the instru ment never disconnect any connector while the device is ON Do Not Operate With Suspected Failures If you suspect there is damage to this product have it inspected by qualified service personnel Do Not Lift the Specimen Unit by the Top Side Metal Rods It should be handled only using two blue handgrips at each side of the unit Use Proper Power Cord To avoid fire hazard use only the power cord specified for this product Fasten Connectors Do not operate the instrument if all connectors are not properly plugged and fixed by screws Disconnect Power Source To avoid risk of electric shock unplug the instrument from mains before reinstalling or removing unit Use Proper Power Source Do not operate this product from a power source that applies more than the voltage specified LDA5 PAM1 User Manual Agico Inc A Use Proper Fuses Only Do not use fuses which are not specified by the manufacturer If a fuse with a different characteristics or value is used the protection is not effective The Instrument Parts Are Very Heavy Be careful especially when handling the Specimen Unit Operator s Training Operator should be familiar with operation of the instrument and Safety Regulations Use Manufacturer
28. when performing a partial anhysteretic magnetization DC field is switched OFF during the AC field decrease Step 8 when AC field amplitude drops below AC nin The tumbler is initialized WU INSTRUMENT IS READY status bar mesage indicates that the in strument is ready for the next action In case of emergency e g specimen gets loose magnetizing process can be immediately stopped by clicking on STOP Space Bar AC field ampli tude and DC field intensity drop to zero as fast as possible To initialize the tumbler hit INITIALIZE TUMBLER Key 1 IDC field vector points out of the coil 23 LDA5 PAM1 User Manual Agico Inc 5 5 Pulse Magnetization 5 5 1 Setting Magnetization Parameters Switch the instrument into the PULSE MAGNETIZER mode Section 5 2 and set the desired magnetization parameters Figure Pulse intensity intensity of DC field pulse 0 20 mT Pulse time duration of DC field pulse 0 1 10s for the shortest pulse 0 01s enter 0 Pulses number of DC pulses with alternating polarity 1 10 Tumbler if checked the tumbler is active and the following options are applicable e User mode all available 18 directions o A mode anisotropy A mode 12 directions o B mode anisotropy B mode 6 directions o C mode anisotropy C mode 6 directions o D mode anisotropy D mode 3 directions o P mode anisotropy P mode 15 directions
29. xt Muto next INITIALIZE TUMBLER INITIALIZE TUMBLER AC field mT DC field uT AC field mT DC field uT E INSTRUMENT IS READY BEE INSTRUMENT IS READY Figure 10 An example of the ANHYSTERETIC MAGNETIZER user in terface in the Desktop or Tablet installation modes o C mode anisotropy C mode 6 directions o D mode anisotropy D mode 3 directions o P mode anisotropy P mode 15 directions o x axis magnetization parallel to the x axis o y axis magnetization parallel to the y axis o z axis magnetization parallel to the 2 axis o x axis magnetization parallel to the 2 axis o y axis magnetization parallel to the y axis o z axis magnetization parallel to the z axis 21 LDA5 PAMI User Manual Agico Inc PREV previous magnetizing direction is set PgUp NEXT next magnetizing direction is set PgDn y Auto next if checked a subsequent magnetizating direction is automatically set when the current magnetization is finished Table 2 A scheme of magnetizing directions according to the magnetizing mode Directions are presented in specimen coordinate system as declination inclination Each pair represents a set of antipodal directions User mode an A mode B mode C mode D mode P mode Direction U1 x axis C1 D1 P3 0 0 U2 x axis C2 180 0 U3 y axis C3

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