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USER`S MANUAL - Smith-Root

1. www smith root com 25 LR 24 BACKPACK ELECTROFISHER SET UP AND OPERATION CONT eEX KEP DOD HH AR 5 Turn on the power Do not press the anode switch Check the Unit Tilted too far operation of the tilt switch by bending forward until the tilt switch Return to upright activates about 55 degrees and the tilt message appears on the position to clear display see Figure 6 5 Straighten up and the status display should Fig 6 5 return If the tilt message does not appear do not use the LR 24 send it to Smith Root for repair System Menu 1 6 Place a dampened cloth on the immersion sensor contacts located Run Quick Setup on the lower right hand corner of the LR 24 under the battery 30 HZ 12 25 Watts compartment The display should show the immersion warning CEntereyes see Figure 6 5 When the cloth is removed and the power is Fig 6 6 turned off and back on the display should return to the status screen If the immersion message does not appear do not use the Place Electrodes in LR 24 send it to Smith Root Inc for repair average water depth 7 Press the menu key average width apart Enter to continue Fig 6 7 8 Next press the up arrow key until the Quick Set up option of the menu appears See Figure 6 6 9 Press Enter 10 Make sure the cathode cable is behind and then place the anode ring in the water in front of See Figure 6 7 Running Quick Setup Place Electrodes in water
2. Since 1964 the leader in effective safe and reliable products for fisheries conservation Knowledgeable biologists depend upon Smith Root equipment R 24 ELECTROFISHER SMITH ROOT Products for Fisheries Conservation 07288 05 The LR 24 Electrofisher 1 OVERVIEW General Information 2 4 STATUS DISPLAY CONTENTS USER S MANUAL SAFETY FEATURE DESCRIPTIONS Emergency Shutdown Switch 19 Quick Release Pack Frame 19 Flashing R d RSRE 19 Audio Alarm 20 Anode Switch ce cure cenes seen 20 Tilt Switch ee 21 Immersion Sensor 21 Anode Out of Water ccce 21 Output Voltage D tector 3 21 Electronic Circuit Breaker c csccccessereoes 21 Battery Compartment Interlock Switches 22 FUSIDIC LINKS cespe orreee SR 22 Temperature Sensors and Overheating 22 Peak Current Overload 2 23 ORBUCIS EAN EAU 23 Average Current Overload 23 LOW Battery EUR sceeesecacesaca 24 SD o ENET ener E N ee ere 25 PULE DES a sannnnrdastamnes 14 su sample de 28 BATTERY COMPARTMENT amp Factory Default Stored Waveforms 29 CONNECTOR DESCRIPTIONS Custom Set up Procedure 30 Battery COMPOAMMON ES sean 18 Burst of Pulses Waveforms eeeeeee 32 BAHCT CONM CIORS summaiernunacenncsmnend 18 Dual Output Mode 34 A dd de Co on aa 18 S
3. Output Pulse Type Now Standard Pulse New Burst of Pulses Fig 2 27 Qutput Voltage Present Values 100V New Value 150V Fig 2 28 Cycle Frequency Present Value 30Hz New Values 40H7 Fig 2 29 Burst of Pulses Number 3 New Values5 Fig 2 30 Burst of Pulses Frequency 500HZ New Value 400Hz Fig 2 31 frequency the low frequency the LR 24 will automatically increase the burst frequency the high frequency to allow the selected number of pulses to be output The LR 24 will not allow users to choose a burst frequency that is too low to produce the number of pulses that have been selected at the cycle frequency selected The following example demonstrates how to set up a Burst of Pulses ph Press the Pulse Type key on the front of the LR 24 Use the arrow keys to select Burst of Pulses for the new pulse type The display will look like this Press the Enter key S N Press the Volts key and use the arrow keys to set the voltage to 150 volts then press the Enter key 4 Press the Freq key and use the arrow keys to set the cycle frequency to 40 Hz then press the Enter key Un Press the Duty Cycle key and use the arrow keys to set the number of pulses to 5 then press the Enter key 6 Use the arrow keys to set the burst frequency to 400Hz then press the Enter key 7 Use the arrow keys to set the duty cycle of the burst pulses to 25 then press the Enter key
4. ga www smith root com SAFETY USER S MANUAL bles bin SAFETY Electrofishing equipment uses voltages and currents that can be lethal to humans The operators must always keep in mind that the chance of receiving an electrical shock is multiplied in or near water Using an electrofisher is like using a firearm if used properly and with good judgment it is perfectly safe lose respect for it and you can lose your life Electrical equipment used in a moist field environment is always subject to deterioration that could lead to dangerous electrical shock Field equipment is also subjected to vibration and impact during trans porting and while in operation Often equipment shared by different crews does not receive proper main tenance or a complete checkout Follow the safety guidelines and use good common sense to handle unforeseen circumstances PROPER EQUIPMENT To prevent electrical shock all electrical equipment should be carefully inspected before each field operation With all electrical equipment in good operating condition and all insulation junction boxes bonding and connections intact there is much less danger of receiving an electrical shock Make sure that e Electrofisher gives audible sound when voltage is present at anode e Quick release system is functioning properly e Tilt switch is functioning properly turns power off e use dipnets with non conductive handles e Electrodes are free from corrosion cl
5. 8 You can now use the arrow keys to review the settings for the burst of pulses Figure 2 34 shows the waveform that was set up in the preceding example The lone pulse on the right side of the figure is the first pulse of the next group of 5 pulses The height of each pulse is 150 volts The groups of 5 pulses repeat at a 40Hz rate Each one of the individual pulses is on for 25 of the time from the start of one pulse to the start of the next pulse in the group 16 www smith root com DISPLAY PANEL MENU KEY USER S MANUAL DISPLAY PANEL MENU KEY DESCRIPTIONS CONT Burst of Pulses Duty Cycles 50 New Value 25 Width 0 6mS Fig 2 32 r Group of 5 Pulses Beginning of next Group of 5 Pulses Volts 400Hz 150V 25 Duty Cycle 100V 50V OV 0 SEC 25m5 Fig 2 34 www smith root com 417 LR 24 BACKPACK ELECTROFISHER BATTERY COMPARTMENT AND CONNECTIONS Use Only Smith Root Inc Batteries With This Unit Install Batteries As Shown Below Heavy Duty Standard Feather Weight part 6682 part 6681 part 7466 Batte Er Con nector Fig 3 3 BATTERY COMPARTMENT Opening the battery compartment allows the user to install or change the battery or connect the anode cathode and control circuit connectors Remove the battery compartment cover by flipping the handles on the 3 cam lock latches out and turning them counter clockwise Make sure the latch on the bottom of
6. 100 volts 400 watt power limit 9 Dual output mode waveform Primary waveform Burst of three pulses at 4Hz with 25 duty cycle 1Hz cycle frequency 100 volts 400 watt power limit Secondary waveform Standard Pulse 30 Hz 25 duty cycle 100 volts 400 watt power limit www smith root com 53 LR 24 BACKPACK ELECTROFISHER APPENDIX E ADJUSTING THE LR 24 SUSPENSION SYSTEM SUSPENSION SYSTEM The LR 24 suspension system has a wide range of adjustment to fit most people comfortably The standard suspension will fit 32 to 40 waists The suspension system can be adjusted for body length by following instructions in the section entitled Making Suspension System Adjustments on page 55 Correct Fit Adjustable Shoulder Yoke Corner of shoulder yoke is level with top of shoulder blade More weight is supported by the waist belt than the shoulder yoke Sternum Strap N _ Should ride high on Be chest IMPORTANT Disconnect chest strap before crossing or entering water QUICK RELEASES Waist Belt Make sure belt is tight yet comfortable while making adjustments to shoulder yoke 54 www smith root com APPENDIX USER S MANUAL ADJUSTING THE LR 24 SUSPENSION SYSTEM CONT MAKING SUSPENSION SYSTEM ADJUSTMENTS Lay the pack down with the shoulder straps facing up 10 The back padding is made in 2 sections which meet just above the waist belt At th
7. Attach the anode and cathode to their output connectors Attach the smaller connector on the anode cable to the control connector of the LR 24 Determine desired position of anode and cathode cables They can be set up to exit the battery compartment either from the bottom or the sides To run the cables out the bottom of the battery compartment place the cables in the molded troughs then install the battery and attach the power cord Place the strain reliefs of the anode and cathode cables in the slots at the bottom of the pack frame adjust the battery cover so that it is on the inside of the molded guides of the pack frame The cover must be correctly placed before the LR 24 will operate see figures 6 1 and 6 2 To run cables out the sides of the battery compartment install the battery and attach the power cord of the LR 24 then route the cables thru the slots in the sides of the battery compartment cover Adjust the battery cover so that it is on the inside of the molded guides of the pack frame The cover must be correctly placed before the LR 24 will operate Close the cover latches see figures 6 3 and 6 4 Put the LR 24 on Be sure to know the location of the quick release buckles for the backpack and unlatch the chest strap before entering or crossing the water refer to Appendix E Pack Adjustments for further instructions 2 4 Check with each crew member to be sure they know are ready to turn on the power connector
8. Make changes using the volts freq and duty cycle keys Pressing the Up arrow key one more time will display the secondary waveform and may make changes to it in the same way the primary waveform was changed To change back to the primary waveform release the pole switch for more than 1 second and then press it again SYSTEM MENU 3 POWER LIMIT MODE This menu item allows the user to select the method for control ling the maximum average output power of the LR 24 If the user set power limit is reached the LR 24 will automatically de crease the output voltage or frequency as selected by the user to maintain the output power at that limit If the output power drops below the limit then the LR 24 will automatically increase the voltage or frequency back to the user set value 10 www smith root com DISPLAY PANEL MENU KEY USER S MANUAL DISPLAY PANEL MENU KEY DESCRIPTIONS CONT SYSTEM MENU 4 THERMAL POWER FOLD BACK MODE This menu option allows the user to turn Thermal Power Limiting on or off On hot days when the LR 24 is putting out 200 watts or more it may eventually overheat and shut down to prevent possi ble damage to the electronics Thermal Power Limiting allows the LR 24 to better control the amount of internal heat being produced Fig 2 11 and in many cases can prevent thermal shutdown This feature al lows the LR 24 to continue to function in hot environments where it would otherwise shutdown When
9. The temperature at which a battery is used also affects the relative capacity of the battery Figures 7 and 8 show that in cold weather the shocking time will be less and the battery will have less capacity Life Load Capacity Fig 7 5 Relative capacity of 12Ah deep cycle battery Overload Discharge current amp 1 ny 4 5 min 10 30 60 Discharge time Fig 7 6 Discharge curves for 12Ah and 7Ah batteries 2hr 5 10 20 100 Percent of normal life Deg C 20 30 40 50 60 Deg F 68 86 104 122 140 Ambient temperature Fig 7 7 Effect of temperature on battery life Percent of available capacity O O Deg C 40 20 0 20 40 60 Deg F 40 4 32 68 104 140 Ambient Temperature Fig 7 8 Effect of temperature on capacity www smith root com 43 LR 24 BACKPACK ELECTROFISHER Fig 8 1 MC 24 Maintenance Charger BC 24PS Sf KL pd C a lt p LZ Battery p Under Test o r BAT 01 Fig 8 3 BAT 01 Battery Analysis Tool MC 24 MAINTENANCE CHARGER The Smith Root MC 24 Maintenance Charger sold separately is specifically designed for proper battery maintenance and storage Trickle charging optimizes battery shelf life by reducing cell deterioration Keeping batteries full
10. is pressed When the pole switch is released the standard status screen will return This allows continued monitoring of battery condition or the temperature of the LR 24 As the LR 24 cools down the output is automatically increased back toward the origi nal settings The LR 24 will not increase the output beyond the original settings www smith root com 41 LR 24 BACKPACK ELECTROFISHER DISPLAY PANEL MENU KEY DESCRIPTIONS CONT Sy S t em M en 6 SYSTEM MENU 5 ANODE OUT OF WATER DISABLE Bun Extended System Allows the temporary override of the Anode Out of Water fea Test ture This option allows the LR 24 to be used in very shallow wa Enter Yes ter where it may not be possible to keep the anode in the water all of the time This option is only active while the LR 24 1s powered on and the mode resets to Enabled on power up WA R N N G i D angerous SYSTEM MENU 6 EXTENDED SYSTEM TEST Voltages will be This is a diagnostic test mode for test and service technicians It output during test requires the use of a standardized test load connected to the anode Continue t Yes and cathode Fig 2 14 During the test the LR 24 checks its program memory for errors then it checks the operation of the output safety relay the output switch IGBT the accuracy of the five internal voltage ranges es Testi ng Memory cs timates the charge in the battery and measures the efficiency of the high voltage converter
11. Maximum pulse duration for POW pulsators 0 A 1 A 1 i 1 1 A 1 A 1 A O 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 220 240 260 CURRENT Milliamps passed through chest area EFFECTS ON HUMANS OF AN ELECTRICAL PULSE PASSED THROUGH WARNING Touching any electrode is not recommended Unless all conductive objects come into contact with are connected to the same electrode will be shocked to find a current path that is not obvious e g the water or the boat Preventing electrical shock means preventing electrical current from entering and flowing through parts of the body The skin is a partial but variable barrier because it offers resistance to the passage of electrical current Tough skin has more resistance than tender skin and dry skin more then wet skin But tough dry skin alone does not offer enough protection for electrofishing Rubber lineman s gloves rated 1 000V minimum should always be worn Even while wearing rubber gloves and waders never touch an electrode while the circuit 1s energized Do not work on the electrical system while the generator is running Do not enter the water while the current is on during boom shocking operations A severe electrical shock from electrofishing gear may result in the need for artificial respiration therefore it is imperative that no one ever works alone To prevent electrical shock all electrical equipment should be carefully inspected before each field operation With all electrical equipment in go
12. The second line describes the type of pulse There are three types of pulses Standard Pulse DC and Burst of Pulses If Standard Pulse has been selected as the output waveform the screen will appear as in Figure 1 3 The third line shows the fre quency and duty cycle of the standard pulse The fourth line shows the presently selected output voltage If DC has been selected as the output waveform the screen will appear as in Figure 1 4 The third line will indicate there is no pulse and the fourth line shows the presently selected output volt age Output Waveform Burst of 3 Pulses If Burst of Pulses has been selected as the output waveform the pe Hz 50 30HZ screen will appear as in Figure 1 5 The second line will indi olts 150V cate the nmber of pulses selected in the burst The third line will Fig 1 5 indicate in parentheses the frequency and duty cycle of the burst of pulses and the number on the right indicates the frequency of which the burst of pulses occur The fourth line shows the cur rently selected output voltage VOLTS KEY When the Volts key is pressed the display shows the output volt age setting and asks for a new setting Pressing the arrow keys n gE allows the user to change the output voltage Pressing the Enter key enters the settings and returns to the status screen The range MORT of this control is from 50 volts to 990 volts in 5 volt steps Press au ing the Volt key a second time will abort this
13. Valid equipment returns include but are not limited to ordering incorrect equipment funding deficits and defective equipment returned for reimbursement All returns are subject to a restocking fee and applicable shipping charges The restocking fee is figured at 10 of the purchase price but not less than 20 00 Customers receiving equipment in damaged condition will be referred to the shipping company for insurance reimbursement Rev 05 2012 Smith Root Inc Vancouver WA USA www smith root com INTRODUCTION USER S MANUAL a cd Fa alae pa ie i 0 Re ss cae T LR 24 is the mos rat F x x advanced THE Electrofisher ever produced Its design incorporates many new safety features to help protect both operating personnel and fish Many features are 7 refinements of conventions established in earlier SRI electrofishers and some are entirely new The user interface has been designed to make the LR 24 easy to use With the Quick Set up feature the LR 24 automatically sets output voltage frequency and duty cycle An immersion sensor automatically turns the output off if the bottom of the pack frame comes into contact with the water The anode out of water detector automatically turns off the output if the anode ring is raised out of the water while the output is on Taking the time to familiarize yourself with these features will go a long way towards learning how to us
14. as soon as possible after each use 24V 7 Ah Service Life Batteries which have been properly maintained should last 3 to 5 years depending on ambient temperature depth of discharge D O D and number of cycles for Smith Root bat teries to maintain at least 80 of original capacity they are rated 230 cycles for 100 D O D 470 cycles for 50 D O D or 1100 cycles for 30 D O D Batteries which have reached this end of life condition may still be useful where shorter operating times are appropriate Shipping These batteries conform to the UN2800 classification as Batteries wet non spillable electric storage They conform to the International Air Transport Association I A T A Special Provision A67 classifying them as non dangerous goods and are therefore exempt from the subject regulations for dangerous goods SRI BATTERIES and are acceptable for transport on both cargo and passenger air sity eee ae ran ie coos craft 24V 7 AN Batleny Re 06681 24V 2 2 Ah Battery 07466 Reference A T A Dangerous Goods Regulations 35th Edition Jan I 1994 Section 4 4 Special Provisions 24V 9 6AH Smart Battery 10765 www smith root com 41 LR 24 BACKPACK ELECTROFISHE BATTERY CARE AND MAINTENANCE CONT BATTERY STORAGE INSTRUCTIONS Fully charge batteries before placing in storage As these batteries will self discharge we recommend that they be recharged after 3 or 4 mont
15. bottom end of the pole The meter should read O ohms Fig 9 1 Front view of Control Connector 3 Refer to figure 1 below Connect one lead of the ohmme omend oft Vcord ter to pin of the small connector Connect the other lead of the meter to pin 2 of the small connector The meter should read infinite ohms 4 Press the operator switch down against the rubber handle of the pole The meter should read O ohms If the pole fails any of the tests above the pole needs to be replaced If the pole passes all of the tests above then the problem is in the LR 24 and it should be returned to the fac Fig 9 2 Front view of Cathode tory for repair Connector on end of Y cord LR 24 Cathode Testing 1 Set the multi meter to measure resistance and connect leads to the left and right pins of the connector on the end of the cathode cable The meter should display close to 0 ohms between the 2 pins 2 Move one of the leads to the bare metal cable Again the meter should display close to 0 ohms between the pin in the connector and the bare cable Flex the cable along its insulated length and watch the meter reading as do Be careful to keep the ohmmeter securely connected while flexing the cable If the meter reading changes significantly or jumps the cable should be replaced An easy to use plug in tester is available from Smith Root It allows one person to perform easily the above tests with an audible alarm and fault indic
16. by contacting the manufacturer s agent A fuse protects the product against short circuiting and overloading The charger is designed for charging lead batteries For safety reasons individual battery types should have a minimum capacity Recommended battery capacity 6V 4 12Ah 12V 3 12Ah 24V 1 5 12Ah Contact the battery manufacturer for the specific battery Do not attempt to charge batteries that are not rechargeable CAUTION Old sulphated batteries usually have a reduced capacity and are difficult to charge The charge current will fall quickly as if the battery had received a full charge Even though a battery in this condition should be replaced it will retain a small charge If mounted in a vehicle the charger can only be used when the vehicle is not in use www smith root com 39 LR 24 BACKPACK ELECTROFISHER HOW TO CHARGE BATTERIES 1 The charger and battery should be placed in a well ventilated area during charging 2 Do not connect the charger to the mains before it is connected to the battery 3 Verify that the polarity 1s correct and connect the charger cable Red to red black to black 4 Connect the charger to the mains 5 When charging is finished disconnect the charger from the mains before you disconnect the charge from the battery WARNING Explosive gases can arise while charging Avoid sparks and open flames Verify that there is adequate ventilation while charging The charger should not be used
17. the cover is free then pull out on the 2 side latches and lift the battery compartment cover away from the LR 24 When replacing the battery compartment cover adjust it so that it is on the inside of the molded guides of the pack frame The cover must be correctly placed before the LR 24 will operate Close the cover latches BATTERY CONNECTOR The battery connector located inside the battery compartment 1s a rectangular red and black plastic connector on the end of the input power cable It mates with an identical connector on the LR 24 battery packs This connector is color coded and polarized to pre vent accidental reverse connections of the battery ANODE AND CATHODE CONNECTORS The anode and cathode connectors are black plastic circular 2 pin connectors located on the bulkhead between the battery compart ment and the electronics compartment Access to these connec tors is gained by removing the battery compartment cover The connectors are identical and allow the use of a trailing cathode cable or a cathode pole for greater control over placement of the output electric field Both pins in these connectors are live when the LR 24 is on These connectors are polarized 1 4 turn locking connectors CONTROL CONNECTOR The control connector is a smaller 4 pin version of the anode and cathode connectors It is also polarized and the smaller size prevents incorrect connections The LR 24 utilizes a low voltage control circuit for
18. you are unsure of what voltage to use set the voltage to 100V 4 Press the Enter key 5 Press the Freq key and use the arrow keys to set the frequency want to use If you are unsure what frequency to use set the fre quency at 30Hz Press the Enter key 6 Press the Duty Cycle key and use the arrow keys to set the duty cycle percentage want to use If you are unsure set the duty cycle to 12 Press the Enter key 7 Press the Power Limit key and use the arrow keys to set the maxi mum average power want to put into the water If you are unsure what value to use set the power limit to 400 watts Press the Enter key 8 Place the anode ring and cathode cable approximately 12 inches 30 cm apart in ankle deep water www smith root com SET UP amp OPERATION USER S MANUAL SET UP AND OPERATION CONT 9 Press the anode pole switch and listen to the audio alarm If it is beeping on and off 1 time per second release the anode pole switch arid and increase the output voltage 50 volts and press the Enter key wer y Se Press the anode pole switch again and listen to the tone If the FESER diues audio alarm is beeping on and off two or more times per second i release the anode pole switch and begin electrofishing If not New Value 100n repeat this step until the audio alarm begins beeping on and off faster than one time per second tup 400W Fig 6 15 10 Begin electrofishing NOTE Duty cycle and
19. APPENDIX A GLOSSARY OF TERMS Amp The unit of measure expressing the quantity of electricity flowing in a circuit Analogous to water quantity flowing in a pipe Amp is an abbreviation for Ampere Anode The positive terminal on a battery or electrode on an LR 24 Cathode The negative terminal on a battery or electrode on an LR 24 Conductivity A measure of the ease with which electricity can flow through a substance In electrofish ing the substance of interest is water Conductivity is measured in mS micro Siemens or millionths of a Siemen Distilled water has a conductivity of O mS while brackish water has a conductivity of 10 000mS or more Current Generic term that refers to the flow of electricity in a circuit Unit of measure is the Amp Duty Cycle Expresses the ratio in of on time to off time for an electrical signal such as an LR 24 output For example if an LR 24 output is ON for 25 seconds and OFF for 1 second the duty cycle is 25 1 100 25 Electrofisher An apparatus that applies electricity to a body of water for the purpose of stunning fish Frequency The rate at which an electrical signal changes over time The unit of measure is the Hertz One Hertz is equal to one change cycle per second and is abbreviated Hz For example if an LR 24 is producing 60 pulses per second the frequency would be 60 Hz Hertz The unit of measure for frequency See Frequency IP Acronym for Ingress Protection Various IP standa
20. Immersion sensor Anode out of water sensor Anode pole switch Emergency stop switch Battery compartment interlock Battery fusible link Quick release pack Battery 24 V 7Ah sealed deep discharge with 40 A fusible link 12 lb 5 45 kg Battery Life 40 minutes continuous at 100 watts Weight 33 Ibs 15 0kg with battery 27 5H x 14 5W x 14 5D including suspension Specifications subject to change without notice www smith root com 37 LR 24 BACKPACK ELECTROFISHER MY CUSTOM STORED WAVEFORMS Please use this page to record any custom waveform set ups For DC there are no entries in the Frequen cy or Duty Cycle columns For standard waveforms there is one entry in each column For burst wave forms there are two entries in the Frequency and Duty Cycle columns For dual waveforms record two entries in the same storage location one for the Primary waveform and one for the Secondary waveform If it becomes necessary to send the Electrofisher in for repair these settings may be lost and would need to be re entered in the system Duty Cycle Frequency Pulse Type DC Storage Location Voltage Burst Cycle Burst No Standard Burst 38 www smith root com BATTERIES USER S MANUAL BATTERY CARE AND MAINTENANCE The UBC 24 Battery Charger is designed to charge Batteries for the LR 24 LR 20 Series and earlier Smith Root 24V models Electrofisher Systems UBCR24 its ws smith root com The UBC 24 is
21. KPACK ELECTROFISHER DISPLAY PANEL MENU KEY DESCRIPTIONS CONT System Menu 2 Dual Output On Enter Yes Fig 2 8 System Menu 3 Limit Mode Voltage Change to Frequency CEntereYes Fig 2 9 System Menu 4 Thermal Power Fold Back is Disabled Change Enter Yes Fig 2 10 SYSTEM MENU 2 DUAL OUTPUT Dual output on off allows the user to turn dual output mode on or off Dual output mode allows the user to set up and switch be tween two completely independent sets of waveforms and voltages by simply releasing and pressing the anode pole switch in less than l second The primary waveform and voltage the one entered first is the one activated when press the anode pole switch the first time The secondary waveform and voltage is activated by releasing and pressing the anode pole switch in less than 1 second This feature allows the user to change voltages and waveforms quickly This can help reduce injuries to adults when collecting young of the year When using a low frequency waveform to get catfish to move off the bottom and then quickly changing to a higher frequency waveform to collect them Any combination of pulse types voltages frequencies duty cycles and power limits may be used for the two outputs in dual output mode To see or make changes to either the primary or secondary waveform from the main status waveform screen press the Up arrow key until the display shows the primary waveform
22. P KEY Recalls one of ten factory default or user stored electrofisher set ups Use the arrow keys to scroll through the set ups and the Enter key to select the displayed set up These set ups can be used for different work areas or streams Pressing the Recall Set up key a second time will abort this function and return to the main status display Pressing another function key will abort this func tion and move to the set up display for the function key that was pressed STORE SET UP KEY The Store Set up key allows the user to store the settings of the electrofisher in one of ten storage locations When a setting is dis played that wish to store press the Store Set up Key When the Store Set up key is pressed the contents of the first storage loca tion are displayed Scroll through the storage locations using the arrow keys This will show what is already stored in that location When the Enter key is pressed the set up in the currently dis played storage area is overwritten and the new voltage frequency duty cycle and waveform settings are stored in this area This can decrease sample variations due to set up differences These set tings can be stored for up to 10 years without power connected to the electrofisher Pressing the Store Set up key a second time will abort this function and return to the Status Screen Pressing an other key other than the arrow keys will abort this function and move to the set up display for the function
23. PERATION CONT Qutput Pulse Type Now Standard Pulse New Standard Pulse Fig 6 11 Output Voltage Present Values 100V New Values 100V Fig 6 12 Cycle Frequency Present Values 60Hz New Value 60H72 Fig 6 13 USER SELECTED SETTINGS This procedure allows operators to select settings to electrofish with The proper procedure involves selecting the waveform or pulse type voltage frequency duty cycle and power limit See section on Burst of Pulses Waveforms if this is to be the selected pulse type Refer to the procedures 1 5 in the set up section bd When turn on the LR 24 it recalls the waveform setting that was in use when the LR 24 was previously turned off Check the waveform setting by pressing the up arrow until the waveform is displayed If were previously using the LR 24 in Dual Output mode the displayed waveform is the primary waveform Press ing the up arrow again will cause the secondary waveform to be displayed If Dual Output mode is not in use then pressing the up arrow the second time will display the first status screen If the displayed waveform 1s not the setting wish to use continue with the next step otherwise begin electrofishing 2 Press the pulse type key and then use the arrow keys to set the waveform you want to use If unsure set the pulse type to standard pulse Press the Enter key 3 Press the Volts key and use the arrow keys to set the voltage want to use If
24. This test takes approximately 20 seconds to run To run the test follow the instructions on the screen See Figure 2 13 The user must press the Up arrow key to continue the test press ing any other key will abort the test and return to the status display Testing Memory Figs 2 14 2 15 Check BCG6 Followed in a few seconds by the screen in Fig 2 18 Testing Inverter Fig 2 15 If the relays and regulation pass the test the following message Fig 2 16 will appear on the display indicating the first series of testing passed Fig 2 17 The next part of the test requires that the output of the LR 24 be ist Test Passed connected to a test load or that the electrodes be in water This Connect Electrodes part of the test takes about 15 seconds to complete When it is be 7 A d Close finished the output of the LR 24 will automatically turn off Fig 2 17 _ If the LR 24 passes this part of the test this message will be dis played Fig 2 18 This information is displayed for as long as the pole switch is held down The use of a non standard test load or electrodes in water will probably yield different efficiency numbers 42 www smith root com DISPLAY PANEL MENU KEY USER S MANUAL DISPLAY PANEL MENU KEY DESCRIPTIONS CONT SYSTEM MENU 7 RESTORING FACTORY DEFAULT SETTINGS Restore factory defaults restores the original factory set voltages and waveforms in the 10 waveform sto
25. WITCH The tilt switch automatically turns off the output of the LR 24 if the LR 24 is tipped too far from vertical in any direction The maximum forward tilt is 55 degrees from vertical The maximum backward tilt is 35 degrees from vertical The maximum side to side tilt is 45 degrees from vertical 10 degrees If tilted beyond these limits an error message 1s displayed This condition is reset by moving to a more vertical position and re leasing and pressing the anode pole switch IMMERSION SENSOR If the lower end of the LR 24 comes into contact with the water the output is automatically shut off and an error message is dis played This condition is reset by moving the LR 24 case out of contact with the water and then turning the power off and back on again Note that if the battery compartment has filled with water it must be drained before resetting the LR 24 ANODE OUT OF WATER This feature disables the output of the LR 24 and displays an error message whenever the anode pole switch is depressed and less than 30 milliamps mA of current is flowing between the anode re PTT and cathode To restart the LR 24 place the electrode in the water ERROR and press the anode pole switch immersion Detected turn off unit and For working in very shallow water this feature can be turned off dry before use using System Menu 5 Anode Out of Water Disable Fig 5 3 Note This function 1s reactivated automatically when batter
26. a truly automatic charger tailored for maintenance free batteries as well as other types of lead acid batteries The UBC 24 has a fully automatic three stage charge sequence with an electronically timed routine and a desulfation mode STAGE 1 Constant Current Mode The charger starts with maximum current until the battery reaches a preset voltage STAGE 2 Timed Constant Voltage Mode The charge is electronically controlled with a fixed voltage ceiling which prevents excess battery gas emission and over charging STAGE 3 Float Standby Mode In this mode a fixed ceiling of 2 3 volts per cell will be maintained by monitoring and replacing battery standing losses as necessary Full electronic protection is provided against short circuit and reverse battery connection CHARGING READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS BEFORE USING THE CHARGER The battery charger is only designed for indoor use and should not come into contact with water or dust In order to avoid overheating the charger should not be covered when it is in use Chargers filled with molding material are splash proof but must not be immersed in water over long periods of time The mains socket should be easily accessible If an operational error occurs the plug should be immediately removed from the socket The charger contains dangerous voltages and the cover should not be removed All service or maintenance work should be carried out by qualified personnel who can get assistance
27. added safety 18 www smith root com SAFETY FEATURES USER S MANUAL SAFETY FEATURES EMERGENCY SHUTDOWN SWITCH The large red mushroom switch located on the top of the LR 24 is the Emergency Shutdown Switch which is also the main on off switch for the LR 24 To turn the power on the user must rotate the switch 90 degrees in the direction of the arrows clockwise Since the switch knob must be rotated it helps to prevent acciden tally powering up the LR 24 Pushing the red mushroom knob down until it latches will immediately turn the LR 24 off QUICK RELEASE PACK FRAME The LR 24 has an integral quick release pack frame Just press the latch tabs on the waist belt and shoulder straps and the entire LR 24 falls away CAUTION Always unlatch the chest strap of the pack before en tering or crossing water If left latched this strap may prevent the user from quickly removing the LR 24 in the event of an emer gency such as falling into deep water FLASHING RED LIGHT Bright long life LED lamps flash whenever the LR 24 is turned on and 30 volts or more is present between the anode and cathode Fig 4 1 Chest Strap Remove before entering water Fig 4 3 www smith root com 19 LR 24 BACKPACK ELECTROFISHER SAFETY FEATURES DESCRIPTIONS CONT AUDIO ALARM SAFETY DO S The audio output alarm indicates 4 different LR 24 operating DPE AND DON T S conditions and is composed of
28. an 15 seconds for a fish to recover it was definitely shocked too much reduce the frequency duty cycle or output voltage of the LR 24 28 www smith root com SET UP amp OPERATION USER S MANUAL FACTORY DEFAULT STORED WAVEFORMS 0 DC 100 volts 400 watt power limit 1 Standard pulse 30 Hz 25 duty cycle 100 volts 400 watt power limit 2 Standard pulse 60 Hz 25 duty cycle 100 volts 400 watt power limit 3 Standard pulse 15 Hz 25 duty cycle 100 volts 400 watt power limit 4 Standard pulse 90 Hz 25 duty cycle 100 volts 400 watt power limit 5 Standard pulse 120 Hz 25 duty cycle 100 volts 400 watt power limit 6 Burst of three pulses at 5 00Hz with 50 Duty cycle 15Hz cycle frequency 100 volts 400 watt power limit 7 Burst of three pulses at SOOHz with 50 Duty cycle 30Hz cycle frequency 100 volts 400 watt power limit 8 Dual output mode waveform Primary waveform Burst of two pulses at 4Hz with 25 duty cycle 1Hz cycle frequency 100 volts 400 watt power limit Secondary waveform Standard Pulse 30 Hz 25 duty cycle 100 volts 400 watt power limit 9 Dual output mode waveform Primary waveform Burst of three pulses at 4Hz with 25 duty cycle 1Hz cycle frequency 100 volts 400 watt power limit Secondary waveform Standard Pulse 30 Hz 25 duty cycle 100 volts 400 watt power limit www smith root com 29 LR 24 BACKPACK ELECTROFISHER SET UP AND O
29. ator light Electrode Cathode Pole Tester 08115 www smith root com 57 SMITH ROOT INC 14014 NE Salmon Creek Ave Vancouver WA 98686 USA 360 573 0202 Voice 360 573 2064 FAX info smith root com www smith root com
30. ave a huge impact on taxis In general lower frequencies are safer for larger fish than higher frequencies If you are not getting any response from fish at all change the LR 24 settings as follows a Increase the voltage 50 volts press the Enter key and try again Stop increasing the voltage when begin getting a forced response twitch from the fish when press the anode pole switch b If fish are not showing taxis increase the duty cycle by 10 Press the Enter key and try again If necessary repeat this step until you elicit taxis in the fish If you increase the duty cycle to maximum and still are not getting taxis reduce the duty cycle back to 12 and go to the next step c Increase the frequency by 10 Hz press the Enter key and try again If necessary go back to step a before increasing frequency again With the LR 24 set as above begin electrofishing Closely ob serve the captured fish In general if it takes more than 5 seconds for a fish to recover it may have been shocked too severely If it takes more than 15 seconds for a fish to recover it was definitely shocked too much reduce the power limit duty cycle frequency or output voltage of the LR 24 Burst of Pulses Frequency 500Hz New Value 400Hz Fig 6 20 Burst of Pulses Burst DG 50 New Value 25 PW 0 6 ms DG Output Voltage Present Values 100V New Valuez 150V Fig 6 22 Power Limit Setup Present Value 400W New Val
31. close pole 11 Press the switch on the anode pole and hold the flapper down until Switch for 1 Sec the audio tone stops See Figures 6 8 amp 6 9 Fig 6 8 12 The LR 24 is now set up and ready to begin electrofishing Adjustments may be needed for optimal results Please read LR 24 manual Fig 6 9 26 www smith root com SET UP amp OPERATION USER S MANUAL SET UP AND OPERATION CONT Quick Set up adjusts the LR 24 to produce 30 Hz 12 duty cycle at 25 watts average output power This is only a suggested starting point and any or all of the output settings may be changed by the user at any time Duty cycle and frequency can have a huge impact on taxis Do not be timid about changing these settings In general lower frequencies are safer for larger fish than higher frequencies If you are not getting any response from fish at all change the LR 24 settings as follows Taxis and Tetany There may be some confusion between taxis and tetany Taxis is an induced swimming action The nerves have time to repolarize and the muscles have time to relax between output pulses of the electrofisher Tetany is locking up the muscles The fish is stiff and there may be some slight quivering in the fins While the fish may move toward the anode positive electrode this is not taxis The output of the electrofisher should be reduced Rolling fish over should be avoided when electrofishing With settings high
32. conductivity or electrode spacing or both are such that more power is being required from the LR 24 than it can supply Note the average and peak power readings on the display While the average power may be quite low the peak power will be far above the 400 watts the LR 24 can supply on a continous basis LOW BATTERY FAULT When the battery is less than 20V the LR 24 will shut down its output and display the Low Battery message see Fig 5 10 Turn off the power and replace the battery with one fully charged to clear this fault BATTERY CURRENT TOO LOW If the input current measuring circuit does not measure any cur rent this error message will appear and the power to the LR 24 will have to be turned off and back on to clear the message see Fig 5 11 This test is included to detect problems in the input current sensing circuit If this error message appears again the LR 24 will have to be sent to SRI for repairs 24 www smith root com SET UP amp OPERATION USER S MANUAL Set up and Operation Make sure the Electrode ring is clean and shiny A cloudy dull gray Electrode ring will reduce catch per unit effort and will increase the fish injury rate Initial set up of voltage frequency duty cycle and waveform should be done outside of the sample area to avoid influencing the statistics BASIC SET UP OF THE LR 24 1 Make sure the power switch on the top of the LR 24 is in the OFF position pressed DOWN 2
33. e Output Voltage 50 to 990 Volts in 5 volt steps Output Current 4 Amps continuous at 100 Volts 40 Amps peak max Output Waveforms Smooth DC Pulsed DC Burst of Pulses DC Output Frequency 1 Hz to 120 Hz in 1 Hz steps Burst of Pulses frequencies up to 1000Hz Output Waveform Duty Cycle 1 to 99 in 1 steps Waveform Storage Save up to 10 different waveforms for quick easy recall of voltage frequency duty cycle and pulse type Output Power 400 watts maximum continuous 39 600 watts peak Operational Duty Cycle 40 Max 192 seconds on 288 seconds off at 40 C ambient 400VA output Operational Altitude 0 to 3000 meters Overload Protection Excessive peak current average current or over temperature will shutdown the electrofisher before damage can occur Resets automatically when condition is corrected Output Indicator Audio tone for 30 VDC and greater with increasing pulse rate for output power Flashing red light Status display for output voltage both average and peak output current both average and peak and output power both average and peak Output On Timer 0 999 999 seconds resettable via menu Operating Temperature Range 0C to 40 C Storage Temperature Range 15 C to 50 C Humidity Range Operating 10 to 90 noncondensing or Nonoperating Construction Sealed molded polyethlene and ABS case NEMA 4 IP 65 Safety Devices Tilt switch Forward 50 degrees backward 40 degrees sideways 45 degrees all 10 degrees
34. e Fig 2 24 Store Recall 4 Setup Setup o Cinatt New Burst of Pulses Pulse Duty 4 Pulse Type Key POWER LIMIT KEY The Power Limit Key allows the user to pre set an output limit where desired out of safety considerations When the Power Limit key is pressed the setting is displayed and can be changed by using the arrow and Enter keys Pressing the Power Limit key again will abort this function and return to the main status display Pressing another key will abort this function and move to the set up display of the key that was pressed The power is limited by lowering the output voltage or frequency which the user selects from the Limit Mode option under the Menu key The minimum output voltage is 50 volts If this lower voltage limit is reached and the power limit is still being exceeded the LR 24 will shutdown its output and an error message will be displayed This control does not affect the output unless the user set power limit is reached The power limit cannot be set higher than 400 watts average output power In Burst of Pulses mode if the power limit is reached and if the limit mode is set to frequency only the cycle frequency will be reduced The frequency of the pulses in the burst is not changed For an explanation of cycle and burst frequencies see Pulse Type below PULSE TYPE KEY Allows the user to Enter the output waveform of the LR 24 Available waveforms are DC Standard Pulse and Burst of Pulses T
35. e point where they meet lift the bottom part of the upper section and separate the hook and loop fasteners There are two small straps attached to the lower section of the back padding one on each side which secure it to the frame Reach behind the hard plastic frame and pull on the loops to separate these straps from the frame Fold down the bottom section of the back padding Either tighten or loosen the exposed yoke adjustment strap to move the shoulder yoke up or down You may need to also loosen the upper and lower shoulder yoke straps in order to move the shoulder yoke Once the shoulder yoke is adjusted to the desired height tighten the yoke adjustment strap to prevent movement of the shoulder yoke Fold up the bottom section of back padding Tuck the hook and loops under the upper section fitting the upper and lower sections snugly together and press to secure the hook and loop together Tuck the loops on each side of the lower section behind the hard plastic frame pressing to secure the hook and loop together The backpack can now be put on and further adjustments made to achieve a comfortable fit ADJUSTMENT STEPS With all straps loosened begin fitting by securing the waist belt snugly so that approximately 75 of the weight rests comfortably on the hips Next tighten the lower shoulder yoke straps to distribute the remaining weight comfortably on the shoulders Finally tighten the upper shoulder yoke straps to dra
36. e the LR 24 in the most efficient manner ATTENTIONI Before getting started electrofishing make sure you become acquainted with the safety features of the LR 24 as shown on page 19 and the section on safe electrofishing practices and techniques starting on page 45 as well as information on emergency quick release on page 49 www smith root com 4 LR 24 BACKPACK ELECTROFISHER OVERVIEW LR 24 CONTROLS AND FEATURES Take the time to familiarize yourself with the LR 24 s features before beginning electrofishing 1 EMERGENCY SHUTDOWN SWITCH The main on off switch for the LR 24 The switch must be rotated 90 degrees clockwise to prevent accidentally powering up the unit Simply pushing down will turn it off 6 Or ti Rom inc 2 KEYPAD I dete ie Allows the display and modification of many control parameters of the LR 24 3 MENU DISPLAY Displays settings and status of LR 24 4 FLASHING RED LIGHT Flashes to indicate that the output is on 5 BATTERY COMPARTMENT COVER Covers battery and connectors Must be properly in place and latched for unit to function 6 amp 7 AUDIO ALARMS LEFT RIGHT Sounds to indicate that the unit is on 8 PACKFRAME Main connecting point for the harness system A components are mounted on the packframe 9 BATTERY COMPARTMENT LATCH Three twist lock latches secure the battery cover to the main control box and packframe 10 CATHODE CABLE a molded strain r
37. ean if necessary Anode does not have netting jury rigged to ring a common ill advised modification Cathode is free of wear and burrs and its cable insulation is undamaged e Poles are free of cracks in fiberglass handle e Power Supply check all batteries for damage leakage disconnect power supply before transporting and when not in use e Always purchase electrofishing equipment from an authorized dealer www smith root com 45 LR 24 BACKPACK ELEC SHER ELECTROFISHING SAFETY CONT WHAT IS ELECTRICAL SHOCK It is the current that passes through the human body that does the damage The voltage is relevant because it is the force that pushes the current through the body Experiments show that 20 to 500 Hz AC current is more dangerous than DC or higher frequencies of AC The voltages used by electrofishing gear can cause death by one of three means Ventricular Fibrillation Ventricular fibrillation is uncoordinated contraction of the muscles of the heart The heart quivers rather than beats Electrical current through the chest can cause this condition Once a person goes into ventricular fibrillation the only way to stop the quivering is to use a defibrillator that applies a pulse shock to the chest to restore heart rhythm Cardiopulmonary resuscitation may help to keep a victim alive until he can be defibrillated Respiratory Arrest The respiratory center is at the base of the skull Th
38. elief allows the cathode cable to pass through slots in the battery cover either in side as shown or bottom 11 ANODE CABLE LR 24 shown without harness system A molded strain relief allows the anode cable to pass through slots in the battery cover either in side ee shown or bottom 12 IMMERSION SENSOR This sensor will shut the unit down should the LR 24 be immersed in water 13 SERIAL NUMBER Unique number to identify the unit for service 2 www smith root com OVERVIEW USER S MANUAL OVERVIEW DISPLAY PANEL KEY OVERVIEW The panel has 11 keys that perform a variety of functions The display is a 4 line 20 character per line vacuum fluorescent display The bright blue green characters can be clearly seen in most lighting situations but may require shading in direct sunlight LR 2 Sc PT vetup LR 24 ELECTROFISHER ay SMITH ROOT TI Will SMITH HE con Jed A Fig 1 2 LR 24 Key pad with fluorescent display A MENU KEY Displays the system menu options Press arrow up or down to scroll through options Press menu again to escape B STORE SET UP KEY Allows the user to store the settings of the electrofisher in one of ten storage locations C RECALL SET UP KEY Recalls one of ten factory default or user stored electrofisher settings D UP ARROW KEY e Increases the selected setting e Scrolls up through a menu e Changes to the next status display E POWER LIMIT KEY Disp
39. enough to quickly knock fish out injury rate is higher than it should be Ideally fish will swim into the net while following the anode Recovery time is zero the fish is able to swim normally immediately upon being placed in the holding tank It should not take more than 5 seconds for a fish to recover after being placed in the a Increase the voltage 50 volts press the Enter key and try again Stop increasing voltage when begin getting a forced response twitch from the fish when pressing the anode pole switch b If fish are not showing taxis increase the duty cycle by 10 press the Enter key and try again If necessary repeat this step until you elicit taxis in the fish If the duty cycle is increased to maxi mum and taxis is still not achieved reduce the duty cycle back to 12 and go to the next step holding tank If it takes 15 seconds or more for fish to recover after being placed in the tank then reduce the output settings of the electrofisher c Increase the frequency by 10 Hz press the Enter key and try again If necessary go back to step a before increasing frequency again Before Electrofishing The most experienced members of the electrofishing crew should be doing the netting They know what to expect what to look for and where to look The next most experienced member should be running the LR 24 looking for likely habitat The next most experienced Observe the collected fish closely In ge
40. ent Electrodes may be out of the water Pole Sw U04 Pole Switch on at Power up Pole switch engaged when power was Pole Sw turned on Voltage detected on output A voltage above 30V is seen on the Automatic electrodes when the output is turned off likely due to other LR 24s un 1 Peak Amps Overload Electrodes likely have been shorted Pole Sw Low Battery Voltage Battery Has been drained needs Power recharging W Over Temperature LR 24 has gotten too hot let cool Pole Sw High Battery Current Too much power from battery reduce Pole Sw output voltage or duty cycle P05 High Output Current Average output current above 4 Pole Sw Amps reduce output voltage or duty cycle Inverter Overload LR 24 unable to maintain requested Press Enter Key on Keypad output voltage into the current load A lower output voltage will be sug gested to help prevent failure May require several attempts to find a voltage that will work S01 Low Battery Current Measurement system failure send in Power for repair S02 50V Out Of Range Voltage regulator failure send in for Power repair S03 150V Out Of Range Voltage regulator failure send in for Power repair S04 300V Out Of Range Voltage regulator failure send in for Power repair S05 500V Out Of Range Voltage regulator failure send in for Power repair S06 800V Out Of Range Voltage regulator failure send in for Power repair S07 Safet
41. es available from SRI See page x 40 www smith root com BATTERIES USER S MANUAL BATTERY CARE AND MAINTENANCE CONT BATTERIES The electrofisher uses a 24 volt sealed deep cycle battery Under standing the proper care of this battery will reduce problems in the field Batteries should never be allowed to remain in a discharged state and should be recharged as soon as possible after use Batteries should be charged until the green lamp on the charger comes on Charging Problems Some older batteries may not charge within 24 hours If a battery has been left in a discharged condition for a while it may not take a charge If suspect that the battery has been left discharged charge it for 48 hours and then discharge it with the electrofisher If the battery is not taking a charge it will not operate the electrofisher for very long Sometimes by cycling the battery a few times it will start taking a charge again 24V 12 Ah Note that all batteries should be charged after each use even if the battery was only slightly discharged these batteries do not have amemory Total number of charge discharge cycles possible varies inversely with depth of discharge on each cycle Over dis charging or completely discharging the battery will greatly reduce the cycles possible and a battery left in a discharged condition may be ruined For this reason batteries should never be allowed to remain in a discharged state Recharge
42. f electricity and safety As electrofishing is inherently dangerous all crew should be alert and attentive take breaks as necessary Emergency Planning In case of an accident Turn off power to the electrofisher Evaluate situation and take appropriate action 46 www smith root com SAFETY USER S MANUAL ELECTROFISHING SAFETY CONT PREVENTING ELECTRICAL SHOCK Electricity needs to have a complete electrical circuit in order for current to flow The only way that can get shocked is if become the electrical conductor to complete the circuit The current flows from the cathode to the anode through the water The water is the electrical conductor If someone touched both the anode and the cathode they would become an electrical conductor and complete the circuit path and get a severe electrical shock If someone were to touch only one of the electrodes they would not complete the electrical circuit and not get shocked 10 0 D ss co aes acest Geen cadena acne ee eee eee eee 1 0 RS et te Re et Me ale ee A et 0 5 bm te I wn nn te nn nn ne pe ten en ene nn lt Electrocution threshold for typical adult a8 29 Qo 0 1 Ba Ah he a MS E E E EEEE ct E EE et tl Oa LU 4 0 05 5 Maximum permitted by UL for class A ground fault interrupter d Typical ground fault interrupter he amas D cal ac ala aes a as aa a oe oe ee ee PR SO 0 001 2s 229222 5 tetes Cost eos Co el ee et een een lt q
43. f injury to the fish is greatly increased with the use of an Anode ring net 3 Nets make the Anode ring more difficult to clean If maximizing the electrofishing time obtained on a set of batteries 1s of primary concern then consider setting the power limit down to the lowest practical level For instance if good results are obtained at say 100W then set the power limit to 100W This will prevent unnecessary battery drain and reduce fish injury if the electrodes are brought close together 52 www smith root com APPENDIX USER S MANUAL APPENDIX D FACTORY DEFAULT STORED WAVEFORMS 0 DC 100 volts 400 watt power limit 1 Standard pulse 30 Hz 25 duty cycle 100 volts 400 watt power limit 2 Standard pulse 60 Hz 25 duty cycle 100 volts 400 watt power limit 3 Standard pulse 15 Hz 25 duty cycle 100 volts 400 watt power limit 4 Standard pulse 90 Hz 25 duty cycle 100 volts 400 watt power limit 5 Standard pulse 120 Hz 25 duty cycle 100 volts 400 watt power limit 6 Burst of three pulses at 500Hz with 50 Duty cycle 15Hz cycle frequency 100 volts 400 watt power limit 7 Burst of three pulses at 5 00Hz with 50 Duty cycle 30Hz cycle frequency 100 volts 400 watt power limit 8 Dual output mode waveform Primary waveform Burst of two pulses at 4Hz with 25 duty cycle 1Hz cycle frequency 100 volts 400 watt power limit Secondary waveform Standard Pulse 30 Hz 25 duty cycle
44. frequency can have a huge impact on taxis In general lower frequencies are safer for larger fish than higher frequencies If you are not getting any response at all from fish change the LR 24 settings as follows a Increase the voltage 50 volts press the Enter key and try again Stop increasing voltage when begin getting a forced response twitch from the fish when press the anode pole switch b If fish are not showing taxis then increase the duty cycle by 10 press the Enter key and try again if necessary repeat this step until elicit taxis in the fish If increase the duty cycle to maximum and still are not getting taxis then reduce the duty cycle back to 12 and go to the next step c Increase the frequency by 10 Hz press the Enter key and try again Go back to step a before increasing frequency if necessary Observe the captured fish closely In general if it takes more than 5 seconds for a fish to recover it may have been shocked too severely If it takes more than 15 seconds for a fish to recover it was definitely shocked too much reduce the power limit duty cycle frequency or output voltage of the LR 24 www smith root com 31 LR 24 BACKPACK ELECTROFISHER SET UP AND OPERATION CONT BURST OF PULSES WAVEFORMS The burst of pulses waveform is a composite of two waveforms A lower frequency waveform the cycle frequency used to turn on and off a higher frequency waveform the burst frequenc
45. function and return to the status screen Pressing another function key other than the arrow keys will abort this function and move to the set up dis play for the key that was pressed NewsBurst of Pulses Volts Key 6 www smith root com DISPLAY PANEL MENU KEY USER S MANUAL DISPLAY PANEL KEY DESCRIPTIONS FREQ KEY When the Freq key is pressed the display shows the output frequency setting and asks for a new setting Pressing the arrow keys allows the user to change the output frequency Pressing the Enter key enters the settings and returns to the status screen The range of this control is from 1Hz to 120Hz in 1 Hz increments Pressing Freq a second time will abort this function and return to the status screen Pressing another function key other than the arrow keys will abort this function and move to the set up display for the key that was pressed DUTY CYCLE KEY When the Duty Cycle key is pressed the display shows the output duty cycle setting and pulse width in milliseconds and asks for a new setting Pressing the arrow keys allows the user to change the output duty cycle fig 1 2 Pressing the Enter key enters the settings and returns to the Status Screen The range of this con trol is from 1 or 0 1 milliseconds whichever is larger to 99 in 1 increments Pressing the Duty Cycle key a second time will abort this function and return to the Status Screen Press ing another function key other t
46. han the arrow keys will abort this function and move to the set up display for the function key that was pressed Duty cycle is the percentage of time the out put pulse is on compared to the time from the start of one output pulse to the start of the next output pulse For example if the selected waveform is 60 Hz with 25 duty cycle an output pulse will occur 60 times per second or once each 16 7 mSec the pulse width will be 25 X 16 7 mSec 4 2 mSec DOWN ARROW KEY Decreases the selected setting or scrolls down through a menu or scrolls to the next status display Store Recall Setup Setup Power Nou Standard Pulse EU NewsBurst of Pulses Pulse Duty Freq Key GycleFrequency Present Value New Values 60Hz Fig 2 1 60Hz Store Recall Setup Setup Pulse Duty 4 Duty Cycle Key Power NowsStandard Pulse En New Burst of Pulses Duty Cycle Present Val www smith root com LR 24 BACKPACK ELECTROFISHER DISPLAY PANEL MENU KEY DESCRIPTIONS CONT Store Recall t Setup Setup o Nanaddinndondinuheous ee New Burst of Pulses Pulse Duty 4 Store Set up Key ENTER KEY Selects menu items or enters settings into the selected function and then returns to the main status display Changes to the set tings take place only after the Enter Key is pressed UP ARROW KEY Increases the selected setting or scrolls up through a menu or changes to the next status display RECALL SET U
47. he output pulse type can be changed by using the Up or Down arrow keys When DC is selected the output of the LR 24 is smooth DC at the selected voltage and power limit settings Standard Pulse is a waveform that produces continuous output pulses of the selected voltage duty cycle frequency and power limit For example 60Hz 25 duty cycle 300 volts and 100 watts average power limit would produce a 300 Volt pulse 4 2 mil liseconds wide 25 duty cycle 60 times per second unless the power limit of 100 watts average power is reached If the power limit is reached then the LR 24 will automatically reduce the out put voltage or frequency whichever one the user has selected to maintain 100 watts average output power 14 www smith root com DISPLAY PANEL MENU KEY USER S MANUAL DISPLAY PANEL MENU KEY DESCRIPTIONS CONT BURST OF PULSES Burst of Pulses is a complex waveform wherein a lower frequency waveform is used to turn on and off a higher frequency waveform The lower frequency is called the cycle frequency The higher frequency is called the burst frequency For example a burst of 3 pulses at 400 Hz with a 12 duty cycle and a 40 Hz cycle fre quency would produce the following output A pulse would occur every 2 5 milliseconds 400 Hz and each pulse would be 0 3 milliseconds wide 12 of the 400 Hz After the first 3 pulses of the 400 Hz waveform the next 7 pulses of this waveform would be skipped Then
48. hs of storage at 20 degrees centigrade More frequent charging is required at higher storage temperatures and less at lower temperatures 9 months at 0 degrees Batteries removed from storage should be recharged for a least 48 hours prior to placing back in service If batteries are stored on a maintenance charger MC 24 they are always ready for use When not in use store the charger indoors in a cool dry place preferably with it s original packing and carton MAINTENANCE AND CLEANING Very little maintenance is required other than protecting the charger from damage and weather 1 Coil cord when not in use 2 Clean case and cords with a slight ly damp cloth 3 Examine cords for damage periodi cally and replace if necessary with manufacturer approved parts BATTERY TIPS amp PRECAUTIONS 1 Keep the battery charged The most frequent cause of battery failure is not recharging after each use 2 Heat kills batteries Avoid storage in exceedingly warm areas Recommended operating temperatures are between 5 and 35 degrees C maximum 15 to 50 degrees C The energy available on a given discharge cycle decreases at low temperatures and increases at higher than normal temperatures Increased temperatures increase the gradual processes of very slow corrosion which normally occur in all lead acid batteries 3 Avoid heavy vibrations or shocks which may cause internal damage Foam packing is cheap insurance 4 Avo
49. id contact with oils or solvents which may attack the battery case ABS plastic resin Clean with soap and water only 5 Do not crush incinerate or dismantle the battery The electrolyte contains sulfuric acid which can cause serious damage to eyes and skin Dispose of old batteries at a battery recycler 42 www smith root com USER S MANUAL BATTERIES BATTERY CARE AND MAINTENANCE CONT BATTERY SPECIFICATIONS Rating Batteries are rated at the current which will reduce the voltage per cell to 1 67 volts in 20 hours The heavyweight battery has a 12 amp hour rating However its life at 100 watt continuous would be only 120 minutes As the discharge current is increased the efficiency and relative capacity decrease Battery Life Each time cycle a battery it loses some of its ability to take a charge Deep cycle batteries are capable of being charged and discharged from 100 up to 1 000 times depending on the depth of the discharge and the type of charger used Service life and shelf life are both adversely affected by warmer temperatures Battery Storage Batteries stored at room temperature will self discharge at 3 to 6 per month Storage temperature above 20 68 F should be avoided Shelf life can be increased by stor ing at lower temperatures but store at above 30 C to prevent freezing Batteries should be fully charged before storing and should be recharged every four months Effects of Temperature
50. ig 5 7 The criteria for an Output Switch Fault is that output voltage has been detected when there should be none For example if the anode pole switch is not activated there should be no output from the LR 24 If however output is detected then an Output Switch Fault exists and the LR 24 s output will be disabled The LR 24 must then be sent back to Smith Root for repair Do not attempt to use the LR 24 if this message appears as a safety hazard may exist and further use may cause more damage to the LR 24 AVERAGE CURRENT OVERLOAD The input and output currents of the LR 24 are constantly moni tored while in use If these currents become excessive the LR 24 will shutdown it s output to prevent damage to it s circuits Re leasing the pole switch and selecting a lower output voltage or lower duty cycle waveform should clear this fault See Fig 5 8 Mahal 7 UE ESP albeit palbls Peak Amps Overload Remove Short Circuit before proceeding Fig 5 6 ucbaiatbalbiall A 40 EE tateboha IGBT Failure Off unit and FRAKRERRORFESE Inverter Overload Reduce Output to 200 Volts Fig 5 8 nter TEMPERATURE CONT the Thermal Limit display will show the set frequency or voltage in the case of DC output and the reduced frequency or voltage based on the internal temperature of the LR 24 This display is shown as long as the pole switch is pressed When the switch is released the standard status display is Show
51. in the vicinity of flammable gases Avoid chargers with plastic casing coming into contact with oils grease etc as most types of plastic can be broken down by chemicals and solvents LED S INDICATE FOLLOWING CHARGE STATUS FAST CHARGE The charger is in constant current mode Charge current is at its maximum FINAL CHARGE The charger is in constant voltage mode Charge current is less than its maximum The battery is normally 80 95 charged The charger stays in this mode until the charge current decreases to charge termination level FLOAT STANDBY READY The charger is in standby mode The battery is fully charged The LED changes to green The charge voltage is at standby level which means the charger can continue to be connected to the battery The charger can return to rapid charging if the battery is used CONNECTORS AND INDICATORS INPUT POWER CORD The input power plug is a standard 120VAC three pin with ground Note A cord set specific to the customer s specified country will be substituted when applicable OUTPUT CORD AND CONNECTOR The connector on the end of the cord is wired to plug directly into the quick disconnect connector on the battery pack CHARGE STATUS LED The top panel indicator LED indicates the battery s state of charge see page 4 Users that have an inventory of older style Smith Root Electrofisher batteries that wish to charge and maintain them with the UBC 24 may do so using adapter cabl
52. incorporates a fusible link to protect the batteries from excessively high currents In the event this fusible link blows out it must be replaced with the same size and type as the original link in order to continue to provide protection for the battery pack and its wiring WARNING Replacement of this link by anyone other than Smith Root Inc will void the war ranty of the entire electrofishing system TEMPERATURE SENSORS There are internal temperature sensors which can shut the LR 24 down if excessive temperatures are detected If the LR 24 1s shut down due to high temperature an error message is displayed for as long as the temperature is above safe limits After the LR 24 has cooled the error message is cleared and full operation is automatically restored The Thermal F oldback Mode System Menu 4 can help decrease the chance of shutdown due to excessive temperatures 22 www smith root com SAFETY FEATURES USER S MANUAL SAFETY FEATURES DESCRIPTIONS CONT FAULT CONDITIONS PEAK CURRENT OVERLOAD If the peak output current exceeds 40 amps the output is disabled and an error message is displayed See Fig 5 6 This is usually caused by a short circuit between the anode and cathode The LR 24 can be reset by releasing the switch on the anode pole and pressing it again OUTPUT IGBT FAILURE If there is an Output Switch IGBT Failure the LR 24 s output is shut off and an error message is displayed See F
53. itch for more than second and then pressing it again will cause the LR 24 to toggle back to the primary waveform The following procedure will guide through setting up Dual Out put Mode pd Press the Menu key and use the arrow keys to scroll to the Dual Power Mode On Off option Press the Enter key see Figure 6 24 2 Press the Pulse Type key and use the arrow keys to scroll to the waveform type want to use for the primary waveform then press the Enter key The available waveform types of the LR 24 are DC non pulsed Standard pulse and Burst of pulses see Figure 6 25 Press the Freq key and use the arrow keys to scroll to the desired waveform frequency and then press the Enter key see Figure 6 26 4 Press the Duty Cycle key and use the arrow keys to scroll to the desired duty cycle and then press the Enter key Note that if DC was selected as the pulse type neither frequency nor duty cycle can be selected for that waveform as these have no meaning for DC If burst of pulses was selected two frequencies and two duty cycles must be set see Figure 6 27 U www smith root com SET UP amp OPERATION USER S MANUAL SET UP AND OPERATION CONT 5 Press the Volts key and use the arrow keys to scroll to the desired Output Voltage voltage and then press the Enter key see Figure 6 28 Present Value 100V 6 Press the Power Limit key and use the arrow keys to scroll to the desired power limit a
54. key that was pressed The factory default settings for the 10 storage locations can be restored at any time using the Menu key and selecting option 7 www smith root com DISPLAY PANEL MENU KEY USER S MANUAL DISPLAY PANEL MENU KEY DESCRIPTIONS CONT SYSTEM MENU KEY 0 8 Allows the user to access additional functions of the LR 24 Ad ditional functions include reset the timer use the quick set up access dual output mode restore factory defaults for waveforms set the power limit mode run extended system diagnostics and examine the event history Only one item is displayed at a time can scroll through the menu using the arrow keys Pressing the Enter key will execute the command and return to the main status display or display a sub menu if necessary for that item Pressing the Menu key a second time will abort this function and return to the main status display Pressing another function key will abort this function and move to the set up display for the function key that was pressed SYSTEM MENU O TIME RESET The reset timer option allows the user to reset the on time seconds counter back to zero Press enter to reset the timer Press any other key to exit without resetting the timer see Figure 2 5 SYSTEM MENU 1 QUICK SET UP If the Quick Set up option is selected the LR 24 automatically sets the waveform duty cycle and output voltage to suit the pres ent water conductivity It will use a default waveform
55. lays and allows the modification of the power limit setting F ENTER KEY Selects menu items or enters settings into the selected function and then returns to the main status display G PULSE TYPE KEY Displays and allows the modification of the pulse type setting H VOLTS KEY Displays and allows the modification of the voltage setting I FREQ KEY Displays and allows the modification of the output frequency setting J DUTY CYCLE KEY Displays the output duty cycle setting and pulse width in milliseconds K DOWN KEY e Decreases the selected setting e Scrolls down through a menu e Changes to the previous status display See DISPLAY PANEL MENU KEY DESCRIP TIONS for more information on each key www smith root com 3 R 24 BACKPACK ELECTROFISHER OVERVIEW A Th LR 24 has many gfeature collection Ta H a With a ot gr po th operators ana wildlifescs Pe me E ESS Ge es de Swill lincreaseuthe infian nce The LR 24 has better output regulation and allows greater y user control of the output than any electrofisher before We suggest that you try quick set up first You may find that you use less voltage and a lower frequency than with other electrofishers This should lower fish injury rates and has the added benefit of longer shocking time per battery charge In all cases electrofishers should be set up by observing fish behavior and recovery times not by
56. low battery The third line is the battery meter It shows the battery voltage and the battery current in amps The LR 24 overloads and shuts off its output if the battery current reaches 20 0A or more The fourth line displays the air temperature in the box and the temperature of the heat sink See Safety Features under Temperature Sensors for a description of operating temperatures parameters Refer to System Menu 4 for an explanation of Thermal Power Foldback feature 2 OUTPUT STATUS SCREEN A sample output status screen is shown in Fig 1 2 The first line shows the shocking time in seconds The second line shows the average and in parentheses peak power that the LR 24 is putting into the water This peak reading is calculated by multiplying together the peak output voltage and peak output current The average power is calculated by multiply ing the peak power by the duty cycle The third line shows the average output voltage and in parentheses the peak output voltage The fourth line shows the average output current in amps and in parentheses the peak output current in amps www smith root com 5 LR 24 BACKPACK ELECTROFISHER STATUS DISPLAY CONT 3 WAVEFORM SCREEN A sample waveform screen is shown in Fig 1 3 The first line will have output waveform unless dual output is turned on see System Menu 2 Dual Output In this case the first line will indicate primary waveform or secondary waveform
57. n This allows to see what the LR 24 is doing and what the internal temperatures are It also allows users to continue to monitor the battery if desired This option is explained in greater depth under System Menu 4 www smith root com 23 LR 24 BACKPACK ELECTROFISHER SAFETY FEATURES DESCRIPTIONS CONT REAFREBR OR EX inverter Overload Reduce Output to 200 Volts Enter Fig 5 9 CPP RROR Te Low Battery Voltage Replace battery with a fully charged one balked ER D D A D ERR High Battery Current Reduce Output Volts or Duty Cycle Fig 5 8 ERROR Low Battery Current Turn Unit off and contact Smith Root Fig 5 11 INVERTER OVERLOAD If the Output Voltage is set too high for the water conductivity and the electrode spacing the LR 24 will turn off its output and display an error message see Fig 5 9 The error message will suggest a more appropriate voltage for the present conditions If this error is caused by a mistake for example temporarily having the Anode and Cathode too close together acknowledge the error message by releasing the pole switch and pressing any key on the keypad If the the error message shows up again in a short time acknowl edge the message and reduce settings to the suggested voltage before proceeding This message occurs when the output volt age drops more than 30 below the voltage the user has set on the LR 24 This occurs when the water
58. nd then press Enter see Figure 6 29 New Values 100 Fig 6 28 7 Repeatedly press the up arrow key until the Secondary Waveform parameters are displayed Repeat steps 2 through 6 for the Sec ondary Waveform 8 Begin electrofishing 9 Duty cycle and frequency can have a huge impact on taxis In general lower frequencies are safer for larger fish than higher frequencies If you are not getting any response from fish at all PATTES EE eee ay p change the LR 24 settings as follows Present Value 400W a Increase the voltage 50 volts press the Enter key and try again Stop increasing voltage when you begin getting a forced New Value 400W response twitch from the fish when pressing the anode pole Fig 6 29 switch b If fish are not showing taxis then increase the duty cycle by 10 press the Enter key and try again If necessary repeat this step until you elicit taxis in the fish If increasing the duty cycle to maximum still does not achieve taxis reduce the duty cycle back to 12 and go to the next step c Increase the frequency by 10 Hz press the Enter key and try again If necessary go back to step a before increasing fre quency again 10 Observe the caught fish closely In general if it takes more than 5 seconds for a fish to recover it may have been shocked too severely If it takes more than 15 seconds for a fish to recover it was definitely shocked too much Reduce the power limit duty cycle frequency
59. neral if it takes more than 5 seconds for a fish to recover it may have been shocked too much If it takes more than 15 seconds for a fish to recover it was definitely shocked too much member of the crew should be taking care of reduce the frequency duty cycle or output voltage of the the recovery tank The tank should be kept out LR 24 of the sun water temperature checked regularly and oxygen levels in the tank checked if the fish are held very long before being worked up and released Never electrofish with unauthorized people standing on the bank Under certain conditions the field of the electrofisher can travel long distances Things to look for include sheet piling metal culverts buried pipes suction lines for irrigation etc www smith root com 27 LR 24 BACKPACK ELECTROFISHER SET UP AND OPERATION CONT RECALL SET UP KEY USING RECALLED WAVEFORMS FOR SET UP Refer to the procedures 1 5 in the SET UP SECTION 1 Press the Recall key and use the up and down arrow keys to scroll forward or backward through the stored list of set ups The display will show one set up at a time When the end of the waveform Qutoui Pulse Tupe sa list is reached the LR 24 will wrap around to the beginning of the NewsBurst of Pulses C list 2 When you find the desired waveform press the Enter key The factory default stored waveforms are listed below and in Appendix D This key allows user
60. od operating condition and all insulation junction boxes bonding and connections intact there is much less danger of receiving an electrical shock www smith root com 47 LR 24 BACKPACK ELECTROFISHER ELECTROFISHING SAFETY CONT ELECTROFISHER OPERATION 1 Electrofish only as far as you can safely wade Some areas are unreachable with a backpack electrofisher 2 Touching an electrode is not recommended even while wearing Lineman s gloves and waders 3 Never electrofish with spectators on shore Electric fields can travel large distances through buried pipes metal culverts and metal sheet piling 4 If spectators show up during electrofishing stop the opera tion and go to explain to them what you are doing Explain the risks to them being there and ask them to please leave for their own safety If they refuse to leave stop electrofishing load the equipment and leave the area WARNING Operating this equipment in a manner not specified in this manual making modifications or using accessories not approved by Smith Root Inc may impair the protection offered by the equipment e Have electrical circuits checked only by qualified technicians e Turn off the electrofisher before Making any connections or part replacements e Release chest strap before entering the water e Shut off power before entering or leaving the water e Stop work immediately if get water in hip boots waders or gloves e Operate sl
61. of 30Hz 12 duty cycle and will adjust the output voltage as necessary to reach 25 watts average power output While the LR 24 sets its output up for 25 watts average output power the power limit is still set at 400 watts average power The user may change any of the settings determined by the LR 24 after the set up cycle is complete The anode and cathode should be in the water in a nor mal operating position when the Quick Set up cycle is started see Figures 2 6 and 2 7 After running Quick Set up a confirmation message similar to this appears on the screen When this message appears the LR 24 is ready to begin electro fishing may see what settings quick set up chose by using the arrow keys on the front panel NOTE As the electrodes move thru the water the power applied to the water changes It may increase well above the initial 25 watt level or it may decrease well below that level The output voltage determined by the Quick Set up routine will be maintained until it is changed by the user or the power limit is reached or an overload occurs Store Recall Setup Setup Pulse Duty 4 Menu Key Power NouwsSiandard Pulse EU NewsBurst of Pulses System Menu 0 Reset Timer CEnter Yes Fig 2 5 System Menu 1 Run Quick Setup 30 Hz 12 25 Watts EntersYes Fig 2 6 Place Electrodes in average water depth average width apart Enter to continue Fig 2 7 www smith root com LR 24 BAC
62. or output voltage of the LR 24 www smith root com 35 LR 24 BACKPACK ELECTROFISHER SET UP AND OPERATION CONT STORING USER SELECTED SETTINGS The LR 24 can store 10 different waveform settings This gives the user the capability of saving different settings that might work particularly well at different sampling sites This can simplify setting up the LR 24 when return to that site later to sample again This reduces variability caused by slightly different set ups used by different crews The LR 24 always starts up with the same settings as it had when it was last turned off The factory default waveforms can be restored to the storage locations by selecting the Restore Factory Defaults option under the menu key When a set up is stored in a storage location the set up that was there previ ously is overwritten and lost To save a set up follow the proce dure below 1 Press the store key 2 Use the arrow keys to scroll to a storage location want to over write 3 Press the Enter key The pulse type frequency duty cycle voltage and power limit are all stored for instant recall and later use 36 www smith root com SPECIFICATIONS USER S MANUAL LR 24 SPECIFICATIONS Conductivity Range 10 1500 microsiemens per centimeter Input Voltage 24 VDC Nominal Input Current 20 Amps Max Input Monitoring Battery voltage and current plus easy to read fuel J 8 p n gauge type display for battery voltag
63. owly and carefully to prevent slips and falls e Always be sure that all crew members are clear of electrodes before turning power on and before energizing electrodes e Don t operate an electrofisher if have any prior heart ail ments wear a pacemaker or are pregnant 48 www smith root com SAFETY USER S MANUAL ELECTROFISHING SAFETY CONT QUICK RELEASE SYSTEM It may be necessary in some circumstances to remove the electrofisher backpack quickly The LR 24 has an integral quick release pack frame Just press the latch tabs on the waist belt 1 and shoulder straps 2 and the entire LR 24 falls away The following procedure illustrates how the quick release system is designed to work 1 Squeeze the release tabs on hip belt buckle to re move hip belt 2 Squeeze the release tabs on either shoulder strap 3 With strap detached shrug off opposite strap 4 This will allow the pack to fall away from you very quickly Move away from pack as it falls CAUTION Always unlatch the chest strap 3 of the pack before entering or crossing water If left latched this strap may prevent the user from quickly removing the LR 24 in the event of an emergency such as falling into deep water This should only be done in an emergency situation The backpack may be damaged from contact with the ground and or water when using the quick release system www smith root com 49 LR 24 BACKPACK ELECTROFISHER
64. rage locations All the cur rent settings will be changed back to the Factory Default Settings See Appendix D for a list of Factory Default Settings This message will be displayed before the default settings are restored and the user must press the Up arrow key to confirm res toration of t those settings See Fig 2 20 Pressing any other key will abort this operation and return to the status display SYSTEM MENU 8 EVENT HISTORY The LR 24 records all errors and unusual events that occur dur ing use This menu option allows a technician to review the status codes stored during field use of the LR 24 See Fig 2 21 This history file is an aid to troubleshooting if the LR 24 develops a problem There is a table of error codes in Appendix B of this manual To exit from this mode and return to the status screen Press the enter key See Fig 2 22 System Menu 7 Restore Factory Default Setting Enter Yes Fig 2 19 WARNING Al and current will be LOS Continue T t system Menu 8 Display Event History EntereYes Fig 2 22 www smith root com 13 LR 24 BACKPACK ELECTROFISHER DISPLAY PANEL MENU KEY DESCRIPTIONS CONT Power Limit Se Present Value New Value 400W Fig 2 23 tup 400W Store Recall Setup Setup Power NowzStandard Pulse cn New Burst of Pulses Pulse Duty Power Limit Key Output Pulse Type Now Standard Pulse New Standard Puls
65. rds exist that specify the ability of an enclosure to keep out contaminants such as dust and water IP65 applies to the LR 24 enclosure and signifies that it is dust proof and will protect from a water jet spray in all directions but 1s not suitable for immersion mA Milliamp One thousandth of an Amp see AMP mSec Millisecond One thousandth of a second NEMA Acronym for National Electrical Manufacturers Association NEMA sets contamination protection standards that apply to the LR 24 enclosure Operational Duty Cycle Expresses the ratio in percentage of shocking time to battery power on time Volt The unit of measure expressing the pressure behind an electrical current Analogous to water pressure pushing water through a pipe Volt Amp Unit of measure of electrical power equivalent to the Watt Abbreviated VA Watt _Unitof measure of electrical power 1 Watt 1Amp 1 Volt Abbreviated W www smith root com APPENDIX USER S MANUAL APPENDIX B LR 24 EVENT CODES The following are the event codes that the LR 24 logs in its internal event history Each entry contains a code followed by the hardware time when the event happened This time represents total shocking time since the LR 24 was built Code BIS EM AUTRE Le Description Cleared By U01 LR 24 Tilted Too Far LR 24 has been tilted from vertical Pole Sw beyond safe limits U02 LR 24 has been immersed in water Power U03 Low Output Curr
66. re the heat being produced inside the system This can allow the LR 24 to continue to work instead of waiting for it to cool down again This power reduction does not begin until the LR 24 is near the point of thermal overload so under most conditions it does not affect the output at all If unpulsed DC is being used the LR 24 can reduce the output voltage if it is near thermal overload Again this can allow the LR 24 to continue working instead of waiting for it to cool down In both modes of operation as the LR 24 cools down the output is increased back toward the original settings When enabled and the temperature of the LR 24 reaches the trip point both of the audio alarms will begin to beep simultaneously and CONTINUED ON NEXT PAGE BATTERY COMPARTMENT INTERLOCK SWITCHES The cover of the battery compartment contains an inter lock mechanism A that automatically turns off power to the LR 24 if the cover is opened When replacing the bat tery compartment cover adjust it so that it is on the inside of the molded guides B of the pack frame The cover must be correctly placed before the LR 24 will operate RIGHT Detail showing relative locations of interlock switch inside control box not visible and magnet inside of lid Ne ur LEFT Detail showing molded guides on pack frame Lid must be aligned correctly and latched for unit to operate FUSIBLE LINKS The battery pack of the LR 24
67. s to access the 3 You are ready to begin electrofishing 10 factory default settings or settings that they have stored Since user selected settings are stored 4 Observe the reactions of the fish It may be necessary to adjust the settings Duty cycle and frequency can have a huge impact on in the same location as the factory taxis In general lower frequencies are safer for larger fish than default settings the recall procedure higher frequencies If you are not getting any response from the is the same fish at all change the LR 24 settings as follows a Increase the voltage 50 volts press the Enter key and try again Stop increasing voltage when begin getting a forced response twitch from the fish when pressing the anode pole switch See also e Storing user selected settings e Recalling Factory Default Settings b If fish are not showing taxis increase the duty cycle by 10 e Appendix D press the Enter key and try again If necessary repeat this step until you elicit taxis in the fish Ifthe duty cycle is increased to maximum and taxis is still not achieved reduce the duty cycle back to 12 and go to the next step c Increase the frequency by 10 Hz press the Enter key and try again If necessary go back to step a before increasing fre quency again 5 Observe the collected fish closely In general if it takes more than 5 seconds for a fish to recover it may have been shocked too much If it takes more th
68. s to current specifications will be performed to factory standards The unit will be recertified and issued a SRI certification label All labor and materials will be included in the yearly inspection Contact Smith Root Inc for additional information APPENDIX G MODEL 12 B 15 D SETTING CHART Use this chart to convert settings used with the 12 B or 15 D to settings on the LR 24 Example If F4 were used with the model 12 B the corresponding settings for the LR 24 would be 30Hz at 12 Duty cycle Note that as set the duty cycle the LR 24 display shows the pulse width 4ms in this case Standard Pulses Wide to Narrow Varying Width High to Low Varying Frequency Begin End 7 8 9 10 11 Begin End 12 13 14 15 16 Values 2sec 4sec 6sec 8sec 10sec Values 2sec 4sec 6sec 8sec 10sec 3ms 4ms 2ms 3ms ims 2ms ims 2ms ims 2ms ims 2ms ims 2ms ims 2ms IO 1 MO OUV gt ims 2ms ims 2ms ims 2ms ims 2ms 500us 1ms 500us 1ms 500us 1ms A B C D E F G H l J K L M N O OZET AS TO nn MO OO X gt OZ ZCO A amp 56 www smith root com APPENDIX USER S MANUAL APPENDIX H LR 24 ELECTRODE CATHODE TESTING LR 24 Electrode Pole Testing 1 Connect an ohmmeter to the pins in the larger connector 3 The meter should read 0 ohms Pin 1 2 Leave one lead of the ohmmeter connected to one of the pins in the large connector and connect the other lead of U ems the meter to the metal socket in the
69. there would be another 3 pulses of the 400 Hz 12 duty cycle waveform For this wave form the bursts of pulses occur every 25 milliseconds 40 Hz This pattern would repeat as long as the switch on the anode pole was held down For this example the LR 24 could not output more than 10 pulses of the 400 Hz burst because 400 Hz is only 10 times the cycle frequency of 40 Hz As a second example if the LR 24 were set to produce a burst of 5 pulses at 250 Hz and 10 duty cycle at a 15 Hz cycle frequency the waveform would have these characteristics A pulse would occur every 4 milliseconds 250 Hz each pulse would be 0 4 milliseconds wide 10 of the 250 Hz After 5 pulses of the 250 Hz waveform the next 11 pulses of this wave form would be skipped Then there would be another 5 pulses of the 250 Hz 10 duty cycle waveform For this waveform the bursts of pulses occur every 67 milliseconds 15 Hz This pat tern would repeat as long as the switch on the anode pole was held down For this example the LR 24 could not put out more than 16 pulses of the 250 Hz burst because 250 Hz is only 16 67 times the cycle frequency of 15 Hz If you select more burst pulses than possible at the selected cycle Burst of Pulses Number 3 New Value s5 Fig 2 25 Output Voltage Present Values 100V New Value 150V Fig 2 26 www smith root com 15 LR 24 BACKPACK ELECTROFISHER DISPLAY PANEL MENU KEY DESCRIPTIONS CONT
70. this option is turned on the LR 24 will automatically reduce its output frequency if one of the pulsed outputs has been selected or it will reduce its output volt age if DC output has been selected The LR 24 reduces the output by 20 for every 2 degree Fahrenheit above the trip point up to a maximum of 80 reduction The LR 24 has two thermal sensors inside one monitors the air temperature inside the electronics cover and the other monitors the temperature of the heat sink The trip points are 150 degrees for the air temperature and 190 degrees for the heat sink temperature The shutdown temperature for the air is 160 degrees and 200 de grees for the heat sink If either of the shut down temperatures is reached the LR 24 will shut down even if Thermal Power Limit Fig 2 12 ing is enabled With Thermal Power Fold Back enabled when either of the trip points is reached the LR 24 will begin to beep both audio alarms simultaneously and the status screen will look similar to that shown in Figure 2 11 This display says that the LR 24 has entered thermal power limit ing The output frequency has been reduced by 20 The output frequency was set to 60Hz and has been reduced to 48 Hz The average output current is 1 26 amps and the peak output current is 5 83 amps If the temperature continues to rise the LR 24 will continue to reduce the output in 20 steps to a maximum of 80 This status display can be seen as long as the pole switch
71. toring Waveform Settings 36 ES Pe SPC CIICAT IONS s sisiraan aenean 37 My Custom Waveforms 38 www smith root com LR 24 BACKPACK ELECTROFISHER CONTENTS Cont BATTERY CARE amp MAINTENANCE CR A E A 39 Maintenance Charger amp Diagnostic Equipment 44 Appendix A Glossary Of M CEITSS 50 Appendix B LR 24 Event COURS 1 51 Appendix C Electrofisher Operation Hints 52 Appendix D Factory Default Stored Waveforms 53 Appendix E Pack A OISE Se caen 54 Appendix F Cleaning and Maintenance 56 Appendix G Model 12 B Conversion Chart 56 Appendix H Electrode POl eSNS 4 2 57 Appendix Cathode Testing cccccccseeeeeeeeeeeeeneeeeeees 57 Appendix J Anode Electrode Pole Tester 57 WARNING Battery posts terminals and related accessories contain lead compounds chemicals known to the state of California to cause cancer and reproductive harm Wash hands after handling Items manufactured by companies other than Smith Root carry the original manufacturer s warranty Please contact product manufacturer for return instructions All Smith Root Inc manufactured products are covered by a one year warranty Credit amp Refund Policy Customers returning equipment in new condition will be given a refund within five days from the date of the return A return authorization must accompany returns
72. two tone emitting units one high DO S pitched and the other low pitched 1 Always be sure that all personnel are clear of the electrodes before turning on the power 2 Know how to administer first aid treatment for electrical shock 3 Wear flotation devices 4 Have electrical circuits checked only by qualified technicians 5 Disconnect the power supply when the electrofisher is not in use 1 Presence of high voltage in the water Whenever the anode and cathode are in the water and more than 30 volts is present there will be an audible tone emitted by the alarm 2 Average power output level The Audio Alarms emit pulsed tones to indicate average power output level Average power output level Watts Audio Tone in secs DON TS 0 to 99 9 1 Don t electrofish alone 100 to 199 9 2 Don t continue to electrofish if the boots or gloves get wet inside 1 pulse per second 2 pulses per second 200 to 299 9 3 pulses per second 3 Don t operate an electrofisher if 300 to 400 4 pulses per second have had any prior heart ailments 4 Don t electrofish when are tired ANODE SWITCH A magnetic reed switch is used for the anode pole switch This switch has direct shutdown control of the high voltage output safety relay inside the LR 24 Releasing the flapper for the switch turns the switch off 20 www smith root com SAFETY FEATURES USER S MANUAL SAFETY FEATURES DESCRIPTIONS CONT TILT S
73. ue 400W Fig 6 23 www smith root com LR 24 BACKPACK ELECTROFISHER SET UP AND OPERATION CONT System Menu 2 Dual Output On Enter Yes Fig 6 24 Output Pulse Type Now Standard Pulse New Standard Pulse Fig 6 25 Cycle Frequency Present Values 60HZ New Value 60Hz Fig 6 26 DUAL OUTPUT MODE In this mode of operation the user sets up two waveforms and two output voltages The first waveform entered is called the primary waveform and is the one activated when the user first presses the anode pole switch The secondary waveform is the second one entered and is activated from the primary waveform by releasing and then pressing the anode pole switch again in less than one sec ond double clicking The pulse type output voltage frequency and duty cycle for both the primary and secondary waveforms are set in a straightforward manner using the front panel keys This feature quickly allows the user to change the output of the LR 24 Users may wish to do this if for example they are working with juveniles and suddenly come across an adult The primary waveform is indicated by a higher tone than the secondary wave form so it is always easy to tell which waveform the LR 24 is producing The primary waveform 1s indicated by a high pitched 2 9KHz tone The LR 24 indicates when the user changes to the secondary waveform by changing to a lower pitched 1 9KHz tone Releasing the anode pole sw
74. us shocks to the head can cause the breathing to stop Artificial respiration by the mouth to mouth method should be used in this case Asphyxia Asphyxia is caused by contraction of the chest muscles When a current is above a certain level a person cannot let go of an electrically hot wire Currents above this level may not cause ventricular fibrillation but may be enough to cause contraction of the chest muscles If the current is not stopped or the victim is not removed from the point of electrical contact asphyxia will result Artificial respiration or cardiopulmonary resuscitation may be necessary Personal protective equipment e First aid kit e Non breathable chest waders or non breathable hip boots with non slip soles e Lineman electrical gloves rated and tested at a minu mum of 1 000 volts e Check personal protective equipment for leaks and holes Optional e Brimmed hat e Polarized sunglasses e Life jacket and or wading belt e Raincoat Crew Preparation Designate a crew leader For safety reasons there should be a minimum of two person crews Never electrofish alone Crew leader responsibilities Designate person to order power of the electrofisher to be turned on Clarify with the entire crew nearest hospital and evacuation route in case of an accident Make it clear that any member of the crew can order power off Crew responsibilities All crew members should be trained in fundamentals o
75. voltage or current measurements Here are some of the features of the LR 24 e 10 storage locations for different voltage frequency and duty cycle set ups for use at any time e Pack suspension system allows for maximum flexibility and comfort e New and more precise control over the output helps reduce injuries to fish e Power limit mode allows the user to set a maximum output power level that the LR 24 will not exceed e A Dual output mode that allows the user to set up 2 different waveforms voltages and rapidly switch between them 4 www smith root com STATUS DISPLAY USER S MANUAL STATUS DISPLAY When first turn on the LR 24 a screen will briefly appear displaying the model number Software version and Smith Root Inc s web address The status display screen will automatically appear after a few seconds The LR 24 has 3 standard screens referred to as status screens that are displayed during operation Specifically they are The input status screen The output status screen The waveform screen 1 INPUT STATUS SCREEN A sample input status screen is shown in Fig 1 1 The first line shows the shocking time in seconds The LR 24 keeps track of fractions of a second but only displays second resolution The second line shows battery condition in a fuel gauge fashion 24 0V or more and the fuel gauge shows full At approximately 20 5V the gauge shows empty At 20 0V the LR 24 shuts off the output because of a
76. w the mainframe towards the shoulder blades INCORRECT CORRECT INCORRECT Shoulder yoke is level with or above top Corner of shoulder yoke is level with Shoulder yoke is lower than the top of shoulders Note slack in strap behind top of shoulder blade This is the of shoulders The unit is unstable shoulders Frame should be shortened most comfortable and stable way to and uncomfortable Frame should be wear unit lengthened www smith root com 55 R 24 BACKPACK ELECTROFISHER APPENDIX F CLEANING AND MAINTENANCE The LR 24 enclosure and suspension system may be both cleaned with warm water and a mild soap solution Spray the solution on the area to be cleaned and then wipe with a soft cloth Rinse grit from the touch panel with a stream of water before wiping with a cloth to avoid scratching the display window CAUTION Do not use solvents on the case of the LR 24 as they may cause permanent damage to the LR 24 Extended Maintenance Program The extended maintenance program is a service contract offered to customers who have purchased SRI electrofishing equipment directly from our factory It can be purchased for equipment that is past its standard one year warranty Older equipment is subject to eligibility parameters such as hours years in service Our Smith Root factory technicians will perform cleaning of internal component parts electronic repairs and calibration once 1 per year During this maintenance period upgrade
77. y The following procedure will guide through setting up a gated Power NawaSiandard Pulse burst waveform on the LR 24 SH New Burst of Pulses Type pd Press the Pulse Type key 2 Press the down arrow key until Burst of Pulses appears on the display Then press the Enter key U Press the Freq key and use the arrow keys to set the desired cycle Output Pulse Type frequency Then press the Enter key Now Standard Pulse 4 Press the Duty Cycle key and use the arrow keys to set the desired New Standard Pulse number of pulses in the burst Press the Enter key see Figure Fig 6 16 6 19 Use the arrow keys to set the pulse frequency Press the Enter key see Figure 6 20 Use the arrow keys to set the duty Output Pulse Type cycle of the pulse waveform then press the Enter key see Figure Now Standard Pulse 6 21 Press the Volts key and use the arrow keys to set the output voltage then press the Enter key All three steps must be completed New Standatd Pulse for any changes to be effected Fig 6 17 Un Press the Power Limit key and use the arrow keys to set the power limit Then press the Enter key Cycle Frequency 4 Present Values 30HZ New Values 40Hz Fig 6 18 ON Begin electrofishing Burst of Pulses Number 3 New Values5 Fig 6 19 32 www smith root com SET UP amp OPERATION USER S MANUAL SET UP AND OPERATION CONT NOTE Duty cycle and frequency can h
78. y power 1s turned off and back on Fe EXF ERP ORS EH OUTPUT VOLTAGE DETECTOR Unit Tilted too far This circuit senses voltage between the anode and cathode of the Ret UT A to upright LR 24 and activates the audio alarm and a flashing red light if the position to clear LR 24 is turned on Minimum detection voltage is 30 volts This Fig 5 2 will occur whenever 30 volts 1s present in the water regardless of whether the LR 24 is turned on or not eK KK ERROR HHH HF ELECTRONIC CIRCUIT BREAKER Output Current Low The input of the LR 24 is protected by an electronic circuit break electrode may be out er which shuts off all power to the LR 24 in the event of excessive f water battery drain The breaker trips at an input current of 27 amps Fig 5 4 www smith root com 21 LR 24 BACKPACK ELECTROFISHER SAFETY FEATURES DESCRIPTIONS CONT THE LR 24 AND TEMPERATURE LA eRe RR OR DATE Over Temperature Let unit cool before use Fig 5 5 If the LR 24 is working hard on hot days it may overheat and shut down If the air temperature in the box reaches 160F or if the heat sink reaches 200F an over temperature error message will be displayed and the output will be disabled until the LR 24 cools down When using any of the pulsed outputs the LR 24 can reduce the frequency of the output pulses automatically based on its internal temperature This has the effect of reducing the power level of the LR 24 and therefo
79. y Relay Failure The output safety relay is open send Power in for repair S08 No IGBT Output The output switch is open send in Power for repair S09 IGBT HV Breakdown The output switch fails at high volt Power age send in for repair S10 Output IGBT Failure The output switch has shorted send Power in for repair S11 Memory Test Failure The microprocessor has detected a Power failure and may not be reliable Send in for repair Place holder in history not an error N A www smith root com 51 LR 24 BACKPACK ELECTROFISHER APPENDIX C LR 24 OPERATION HINTS An Anode Ring with pronounced oxide coating An Anode Ring with netting attached never a good idea Make sure the Anode ring is kept clean Anode rings are made from aluminum and will eventually develop an oxide coating that will give the ring a dull appearance This coating impairs the transfer of electricity from the electrode to the water and can be removed with fine steel wool To maximize battery life always connect batteries to their charger as soon as possible after use Resist the temptation to put a net on Anode rings Nets have the following very undesirable characteristics 1 Nets present a safety hazard since it can place the operator s hands unnecessarily close to the electrode when removing fish 2 The intensity of the electric field increases as the fish to electrode distance decreases Therefore the risk o
80. y charged can greatly increase battery life The MC 24 eliminates the hassle of shuffling batteries from shelf to charger and keeps batteries properly charged and ready for service With the built in battery evaluation load test function and maximum charge indicators can see the state of charge and condition of each battery and identify low charged and worn out batteries Charging batteries using the MC 24 takes between two and four days It is also an excellent cost effective alternative to purchasing multiple battery chargers because it can recharge four batteries at once BAT 01 BATTERY ANALYSIS TOOL The Battery Analysis Tool sold separately operates in conjunction with the BC 24PS Battery Charger It tests all models of 24 V backpack batteries adaptors included and in a clear and concise manner gives the usable battery life remaining This tool is not to be used during each charge discharge cycle but rather is intended to be used a few times a year just prior to actually using the batteries It may also be used to accurately test any Smith Root 24 Volt battery where the battery condition is either unknown or is questionable In practice The Battery Analysis Tool is plugged into a standard Smith Root BC 24PS and also the battery under test The battery will begin to charge as soon as the charger is plugged in Do not use an MC 24 Maintenance Charger for this test MC 24 Maintenance Charger 06811

USER`S MANUAL - Smith-Root

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