D-RealTimeControl User Manual
Contents
1. D Real Time Control D Real Time Control D RTC in Delta Shell User Manual Version 3 4 0 Revision 41757 24 September 2015 D Real Time Control User Manual Published and printed by Deltares telephone 31 88 335 82 73 Boussinesgweg 1 fax 31 88 335 85 82 2629 HV Delft e mail info deltares nl P O 177 www https www deltares nl 2600 MH Delft The Netherlands For sales contact For support contact telephone 31 88 335 81 88 telephone 31 88 335 81 00 fax 31 88 335 81 11 fax 31 88 335 81 11 e mail sales deltaressystems nl e mail support deltaressystems nl WWW http www deltaressystems nl WWW http www deltaressystems nl Copyright O 2015 Deltares All rights reserved No part of this document may be reproduced in any form by print photo print photo copy microfilm or any other means without written permission from the publisher Deltares Contents Contents 1 Aguide to this manual 1 MEM c 7c PEE 1 1 2 Overview 1 1 3 Manual version and revisions 2 1 1 4 Typographical conventions 1 1 5 Changes with respect to previous versions 2 2 Module D RTC Overview 3 N Si IISI s oo a ebb eG ER a kts sa Koso eS 3 DIN ONI 22 Controlgroup 29099 5 SA 23 Flowchart H 6 Sara IG 2 4 The properties window2. 37 An interval rule in the Properties Window 38 D RTC model selected in the Project Explorer 39 Deltares List of Tables List of Tables 3 1 Discharge boundary condition table for the upstream end 16 3 2 Time Rule data for crest level Ho on 19 3 3 Time series for the crest width rule 2 21 3 4 Time series of crest level for a second structure 2 2 2 mn 24 3 5 Parameter Data table for condition 25 3 6 Parameter Data table for the second condition 26 4 1 Example hydraulic rule for structure 32 Deltares Vii D Real Time Control User Manual Vili Deltares 1 1 1 2 1 3 1 4 guide to this manual Introduction This User Manual concerns the module D Real Time Control This module is part of several Modelling suites released by Deltares as Deltares Systems or Dutch Delta Systems These modelling suites are based on the Delta Shell framework The framework enables to develop a range of modeling suites each distinguished by the components and most significantly the numerical modules which are plugged in The modules which are compliant with the Delta Shell framework are released as D Name of the module for example D Flow Flexible Mesh D Waves D Water Ouality D Real Time Control D Rainfall Run off Therefore this user manual is shipped with several mode
3. 6 a7 2 5 Examples 87 Wm 7 2 5 1 Minimal controlflow aA 7 2 5 2 Combinations of conditions andrules 8 3 Module D RTC Getting started 15 3 1 Introduction MWE h ww wee ee 15 3 2 Getting started n VL 15 3 2 1 15 3 2 2 D Flow 10 model A 16 3 3 AsimpleD RIC model 8 Shh a 17 3 3 1 Control Group jk va nn 18 3 3 2 Construct a minimal controlflow 18 3 3 3 Perform a simulation 19 3 4 View the simulation results 19 3 4 1 Introduction 19 3 4 2 Table view k ee ee ee ee nns 19 3 4 3 Side viegg H R VV kv nn a 20 35 complex control flow 20 3 5 1 Multiple controlled parameters on one structure 2 2 2 2 2 28 21 3 5 2 Multiple controlled structures 22 3 6 Control flows with conditions 23 3 6 1 A controlflow with a condition 24 3 6 2 controlflow with two conditions logical AND 26 3 6 3 Acontrolflow with two conditions logical OR 26 4 Module D RTC All about the modelling process 29 4 1 Conditions 29 4 1 1 Hydro condition 2 vr kv aa ar
4. kam 29 MENN aoo oxow o X 00EDO amp X ren indera 30 Re RUES oa cet 63 ee eee ox em da X x 4 5 x x 3 31 4 2 1 Hydraulic rule a a a a 32 422 33 EE OIN LED c1 34 4 2 3 1 Introduction 34 4 2 3 PlDrulesinD RIC 35 4233 PlDrulecalibration 36 4 2 4 37 4 2 5 Relative from time value rule 38 5 Module D RTC Simulation and model output 39 Deltares iii D Real Time Control User Manual References 41 Deltares List of Figures List of Figures 2 1 22 2 3 2 4 2 5 2 6 2 2 8 29 2 10 2 11 212 2 13 2 14 2 15 2 16 2 17 3 1 3 2 3 3 3 4 3 5 3 6 3 3 8 3 9 3 10 3 11 3 12 3 13 3 14 3 15 3 16 3 17 3 18 3 19 3 20 3 21 4 1 4 2 4 3 4 4 4 5 4 6 4 7 Deltares Example of an RTC model in the project explorer Example of a flow chart cler Example of the properties window for a Time rule D RTC modelling concept and data flow Components and basic concept of the flowchart Example minimal controlilow Example minimal controlflow with a condition Example of two conditions that combined form an AND trigger Example of two conditions that combined form an O
5. Deltares 11 of 44 D Real Time Control User Manual x Figure 2 15 Example of four conditions 1 AND 3 OR 4 OR 2 AND 4 F Controlled param 1 Controlled Condition 4 param 1 Figure 2 16 Example of four conditions 4 AND 1 OR 2 OH 3 12 of 44 Deltares Module D RTC Overview Controlled param 1 Condition 4 Figure 2 17 Example of four conditions 1 AND 2 OR 3 AND 4 Note the difference between Figures 2 14 and 2 15 there is only a small difference in flowchart the arrow going from the true side of Condition 2 to Condition 3 but a large difference in meaning Deltares 13 of 44 D Real Time Control User Manual 14 of 44 Deltares 3 1 3 2 3 2 1 Module D RTC Getting started Introduction In this chapter we will provide examples of D RTC with a tutorial The D RTC module can not be used on its own an RTC model uses information and determines the values of parameters of another model typically a D Flow 1D model or D Flow FM model However this can also be a water quality model or a rainfall runoff model We start with the tutorial model of D Flow 1D Getting started The integrated model Applying control with D RTC on a D Flow1D model is coupled modeling or integrated mod eling To develop an integrated model in Delta Shell right mouse click on the project e g lt project1 gt in the Project Explorer Select Add and choose New Model A
6. lt crest level gt in the Project Explorer under lt real time control gt lt output gt and select able and Chart View to open the output for the crest levels The output of both weirs is now visible in the table Select to filter the individual weirs Apply a custom filter on the value column to find out when the crest level of Weir1 is lower than 6 m Control flows with conditions Deltares 23 of 44 D Real Time Control User Manual x CD Rys ee s VER m Figure 3 16 D Flow 1D network with two weirs Table 3 4 Time series of crest level for a second structure Date Crest level m 2000 01 01 00 00 00 4 2000 01 02 00 00 00 4 2000 01 05 00 00 00 29 3 6 1 Acontrolflow with a condition Save the project under a different name Add an observation point to the network with the help of the Create Observation Point tool E in the ribbon to the in the upstream part of the network close to the upstream boundary Remove the second weir The network should now look like Figure 3 17 Figure 3 17 D Flow 1D network with one weir and a single observation point upstream Remove Control Group 1 from the D RTC model Save the project Go to Control Group 2 Let the Rule control the crest level of the weir 24 of 44 Deltares Module D RTC Getting started O level op P TT Weird cre st level 5 Figure 3 18 Flowchart with a Hydro Condition and a Time Rule The rule is connected with the
7. 0 00 4 1 2000 0 00 5 1 2000 Time yyyy MM dd HH mm ss M4 4 4 Record 51 of 97 gt T a v x 4 Saturday 1 January 2000 till Wednesday 5 January 2000 Figure 3 14 Crest level crest width and water level over time for the weir A point in time has been selected in the diagram the corresponding line is selected in the table El General CI Bottom axis Time yyyy MM dd HH mm ss Automatic range True Axis title Time yyyy MM dd HH mm ss Maximum axis value 36530 Minimum axis value 365276 Show labels True Visible True Chart title Simulation results EI Left axis Water level at Channell 35168 5 Automatic range False Axis title Water level at Channell 35168 Maximum axis value 70 Minimum axis value 9 999 Show labels True Figure 3 15 Chart properties window the chart title Simulation results has been added Add a new control group to the D RTC model right click on lt Control Groups gt in the Project Explorer and select empty group Add an output location and a Time Rule to the new Control Group buttons e and EA convert to Time Rule Note that the name of the rule is ruleOf This name is also used in the first Control Group Within one Control Group the names have to be unique Fill in the table of the Time Rule properties with the data from Table 3 4 Select the output location and set it to Weir2 and Crest level Run the integrated model Save the project Double click on
8. coherently Furthermore the following files can be found in the temporary directory lt rtcDataConfig xml gt lt tcRuntimeConfig xml gt lt rtcToolsConfig xml gt lt state import xml gt lt statePI xml gt lt timeseries export xml gt OO DO With this set of xml files a complete RTC Tools model is given RTC Tools is the computational core of D RTC and can be considered as the research version of D RTC see http oss deltares nl web rtc tools for details lt diag xml gt and lt state export xml gt are RTC Tools output files outpu eee Real Time Control Model 1 ee Control Groups Br Control Group 1 5 Flow model 1d 1 Figure 5 1 D RTC model selected in the Project Explorer Deltares 39 of 44 D Real Time Control User Manual 40 of 44 Deltares 0 O O c t Gam tc 41 of 44 Deltares D Real Time Control User Manual 42 of 44 Deltares Deltares sustems PO Box 177 31 0 88 335 81 88 2600 MH Delft sales deltaressystems nl Boussinesqweg 1 www deltaressystems nl 2629 VH Delft The Netehrlands
9. first day and 6 m on day two at a specified location A condition for that rule is added in Figure 2 7 and could imply that the rule is only active when the discharge at a certain observation point is higher than a specified value explains which types of rules and conditions are available and what they do Deltares 7 of 44 2 5 2 D Real Time Control User Manual Controlled param 1 Figure 2 6 Example minimal controlflow Controlled param 1 Figure 2 7 Example minimal controlflow with a condition Combinations of conditions and rules In this section an overview is given of basic combinations of conditions and rules A condition can be used on its own but will often be used in combinations The most elemen tary combinations of two conditions are AND and OR An AND combination of two conditions means that both conditions have to be true for the rule to be active As soon as one of the two conditions is false the rule becomes inactive The controlflow first checks the first condition and only if this condition is true the controlflow proceeds to check the second condition If either the first or second condition is false another rule can be activated It is not reguired to have a different rule for the false scenario if a structure only has to perform an action if the conditions are true no second rule is required A second rule is only required if the structure also has to perform an action once the condition
10. must be adjusted for each situation By adjusting the values the user puts the emphasis of the rule on current deviations from the setpoint of the control parameter previous deviations and all previous deviations K This allows the user to set the behavior of the rule such that the structure responds fast or that the response is dampened by previous events Wheras the interval rule can become unstable with many fluctuations in the controlled parameter by optimizing the factors the PID rule can be stabilized The PID rule computes the new value of the control parameter w t for a time step t as follows w t w t 1 Kelt K gt e t Kalet e t 1 4 1 in which e denotes the deviation of the controlled variable e g the discharge defined by the set point minus the computed value at the previous time step If necessary the new value of the control parameter w t Is adjusted to fit within the physical limits of the structure i e Minimum MaxSpeed Maximum Gain factors can be positive or negative The choice of the sign depends on the type of the control structure e g crest level crest width or gate lower edge level and the location and type of the hydraulic parameter e g water level or discharge that is controlled by the PID rule For example consider a PID rule that at a bifurcation tries to maintain a constant discharge 34 of 44 Deltares 4 2 3 2 Module D RTC All about the modelling pro
11. of 15 os Control group of 5172 5 Control group of 5576952 ee 2 Flow model 1d lel input network Bee 9 computational grid E ES Boundary Data H E Lateral Data 8 3 Roughness initial water depth v initial water Flow wind shielding ki initial salinity concentration jo ji dispersion coefficient m E output Figure 2 1 Example of an RTC model in the project explorer Deltares 3 of 44 So N X D Real Time Control User Manual Control group of P P P 5740351 Control group of P P P 5750030 5750030 Gate lower edge level s mun mmm m 500 1000 1500 2000 amp Ele Figure 2 2 Example of a flow chart TimeRuleProperties TimeSeries Time Series EI InterpolationExtrapolation Interpolation Constant Periodicity None Misc LongMame Yolkjeopen PPP 5704031 Figure 2 3 Example of the properties window for a Time rule Figure 2 4 gives an overview of the RTC modelling concept D RTC uses observed values of control parameters to determine the values of controlled parameters These observed values can consist of actual measurements or observations from the hydrodynamic model Examples of control parameters are Hydraulic parameters at an observation point such as discharge or waterlevel o Water quality parameters at an observation point o Rainfall o External data such as meteorological conditions diversions due to building or mainte
12. true output of the condition Add a condition by selecting and a mouse click in the flowchart Connect the right side of the condition true output to the left side of the time rule Note that the condition is now shown with a thick black line instead of the rule indicating that the controlflow now starts with the condition instead of the rule Select the condition and fill in the Properties window with data from Table 3 5 This is a so called Hydro Condition which evaluates input data and puts out true or false Table 3 5 Parameter Data table for condition Operation gt Value 3 Add an input location to the Control Flow select and mouse click in the flowchart Select the observation point as data location and the water level as control parameter Connect the bottom anchor point of the data location object to the top anchor point of the condition The flowchart now looks like Figure 3 18 The condition now checks whether the water level in the observation is higher than 3 m If this is the case the condition returns true which activates the rule If this is not the case the condition false as result which means that the rule is inactive The data origin for the control of the structure is shown on the map Figure 3 19 Figure 3 19 Data origin for the structure Save the project Run the integrated model Right click on lt real time control gt and choose Open last working directory Open the file Deltares 25 of 4
13. 1 2000 og 00 04 01 2000 0 00 05 01 2000 Saturday 1 January 2000 till Wednesday 5 January 2000 Figure 3 10 Sideview with water level discharge and crest level of the structure Multiple controlled parameters on one structure Save the project under a new name Open the editor for Control Group 1 Select e and click in the flow chart to add an output location Select and click in the flow chart to add a rule Connect the two objects Select the output location and right mouse click to specify Weir1 as location and crest width as controlled parameter Select the new rule and right mouse click to convert the standard PID rule into a Time rule Fill in the values from Table 3 3 under TimeSeries in the properties window The flow chart now looks as in Figure 3 11 Table 3 3 Time series for the crest width rule 2 Date Crest width in m 2000 01 01 00 00 00 5 2000 01 02 00 00 00 5 2000 01 05 00 00 00 20 Crest level s WET Crest width s Figure 3 11 Flowchart for example with two controlled parameters for one weir Run the integrated model again Save the project In addition to crest level also crest width is now available under lt Output gt of the real time control model in the Project Ex Deltares 21 of 44 3 5 2 D Real Time Control User Manual plorer To visualize the simulation results coherently double click on lt water flow model gt lt Output gt lt water level gt If the stru
14. 1 dP x rest level km 1 2 3 4 Figure 4 7 A time rule in the flowchart Figure 4 8 shows the time rule in the Properties Window The time rule has the following parameters Timeseries timetable of the controlled parameter as a function of time Interpolation interpolation within the time table linear or constant o Periodicity extrapolation of time table The options are Constant the last value is maintained Periodic the table is repeated both before and after the times in the table Id obligatory and unique for the control group Name not obligatory and not necessarily unique O Deltares 33 of 44 D Real Time Control User Manual Properties n x rule01 TimeRuleProperties amp function InterpolationExtrapolation Interpolation Linear Periodicity None Misc Id rule01 Name Figure 4 8 A time rule in the Properties Window 4 2 3 PID rule 4 2 3 1 Introduction The PID proportional integral derivative rule is a control loop feedback mechanism used to operate a structure in such way that a specified hydraulic control parameter e g water level or discharge is maintained The control parameter can be the water level or the discharge at a specified observation point in the network The PID rule uses three tuning parameters o the proportional gain K o the integral gain and the derivative gain K which
15. 2 rules for the same controlled parameter are active at the same time In section 2 5 examples are described in more detail The properties window Similarly to other Delta Shell modules in D RTC the Properties window shows details of a D RTC schematisation object by clicking on an item in the Project Explorer or on the flowchart The corresponding parameters can be edited in this window An additional table window is shown if necessary Examples for properties of different D RTC objects are given below Condition parameters condition type the table in case of a lookup table controller control parameters 0 discharge waterlevel 6 of 44 Deltares Module D RTC Overview O salinity controlled locations and parameters Rule parameters O rule type the table of a lookup table controller O rule specific parameters Control Control Param 1 Param 2 Controlled param 1 Figure 2 5 Components and basic concept of the flowchart 2 5 Examples In this section several examples of controlflows are presented These examples also form the basis for the tutorial in 2 5 1 Minimal controlflow Figure 2 6 shows the minimal controlflow a parameter controlled by a rule Depending on the type of rule there may be also be control data required In addition to a rule conditions can be added that de activate a rule Figure 2 7 An example for Figure 2 6 could be that the water level is 3 m on the
16. 4 3 6 2 3 6 3 D Real Time Control User Manual lt timeseries 0000 csv gt and analyze the output of the computational core of D RTC RTC Tools A controlflow with two conditions logical AND Save the project under a new name Add a new hydro condition to the flow chart and fill in the Properties window with the data given in Table 3 6 Add a data location object select the observation point and choose Dis charge as control parameter Connect the true output of the new condition with the input of the first condition The flowchart now looks like Figure 3 20 Table 3 6 Parameter Data table for the second condition Operation gt Value 300 bservationPointl Bisthargetl pfointl Water level op wv We ir cre st level 5 Figure 3 20 Flowchart with two Hydro conditions in an AND combination combined with a Time rule This flow chart represents a logical AND combination of two conditions The rule is only active if both the first and the second condition are active Run the integrated model and analyze the simulation results Check when the rule is active and the status of the conditions during simulation time A controlflow with two conditions logical OR Save the project under a new name Select the connection between the two conditions and delete it with the Delete key on your keyboard Connect the bottom anchor point of condition01 the false output of the condition that evaluates the water level to t
17. R trigger Example of three conditions 1 AND 2OR3 Example of three conditions 1OR 2AND3 2 Example of four conditions 4 OR 1 AND2AND3 Example of four conditions 1 AND 2 AND 8OR4 2 Example of four conditions 1 OR 2 AND OR4 2 2 Example of four conditions 1 AND OR 4 OR 2 4 Example of four conditions 4 AND 1 OR2ORS3 Example of four conditions 1 AND 2 OR 3AND4 Integrated model default properties Integrated model settings for a coupled simulation with D RTC and D Flow 1D Integrated model in the project Explorer Example water flow model schematisation with an OpenStreet background map http openstreetmap org Options for default controlgroups Empty controlgroup en GF Minimum flow chart with a Time Rule Project Explorer after a coupled simulation with D RTC and D Flow 1D Table and chart view D RTC output Sideview with water level discharge and crest level of the structure Flowchart for example with two controlled parameters for one weir Structure selected on the map view of simulation output Select output coverage Crest level crest width and water leve
18. Real Time Control User Manual ek ww __ Waves Title of a window or sub window Boundaries Sub windows are displayed in the Module window and cannot be moved Windows can be moved independently from the Mod ule window such as the Visualisation Area window Item from a menu title of a push button or the name of a user interface input field Upon selecting this item click or in some cases double click with the left mouse button on it a related action will be executed in most cases it will result in displaying some other sub window In case of an input field you are supposed to enter input data of the reguired format and in the reguired domain lt tutorial wave swan curvi gt Directory names filenames and path names are ex lt siu mdw gt pressed between angle brackets lt gt For the Linux and UNIX environment a forward slash is used in stead of the backward slash for PCs 27 08 1999 Data to be typed by you into the input fields are dis played between double quotes Selections of menu items option boxes etc are de scribed as such for instance select Save and go to the next window delft3d menu Commands to be typed by you are given in the font Courier New 10 points User actions are indicated with this arrow m s Units are given between square brackets when used next to the formulae Leaving them out might result in misinterpretation 1 5 Changes with respect to previous versio
19. Select model dialog appears Choose Integrated Model In the central window the integrated model dialog appears Figure 3 1 Under Models and Tools delete all items but real time control and water flow 1d with the Delete button Set the Run Parameters in such a way that the simulation period begins on 2000 01 01 and ends on 2000 01 05 Set the time step to one hour The window should now look like the one in Figure 3 2 Run Parameters Start Time f 2012 11 27 00 00 00 Stop Time f 2012 11 28 00 00 00 Time Step f 01 00 00 Duration 1 days O hours O minutes O seconds Models and Tools Current Workflow rainfall runoff umped defaut fall models parallel v real time control water Flow 1d water quality 1d EH 4 idefault all models parallel H rainfall runoff lumped real time control B 2 water Flow 1d m water quality 1d Add Delete Run Figure 3 1 Integrated model default properties The Project Explorer now looks like Figure 3 3 The lt Region gt folder contains schematisa tions for the models a network for the D Flow 1D model and a basin for rainfall runoff models The latter one is not used in this tutorial Under lt Models gt we find the D Flow 1D model water flow 1d and the D RTC model real time control Note that the network of the water flow 1d model is a link to the network under lt Region gt Deltares 15 of 44 D Real Time Control User Ma
20. cess flowing into one branch by manipulating the crest level of a River weir located in the branch that should receive this constant discharge In case the discharge flowing into the branch of which its discharge is controlled is too large this means that the deviation e in the equation above is negative i e e set point actual discharge lt 0 From a hydraulic point of view the crest level W t of the river weir is to be raised in order to reduce the discharge flowing into the controlled branch In order to achieve this the K gain factor should be negative PID rules in D RTC Figure 4 9 shows an example of the use of a PID rule in the flowchart Copy of Flow model 1d 1 network Control Group 1 1 b x CC level op Oo 8 0 ES level s T bans Figure 4 9 A PID rule in the flowchart Figure 4 10 shows the PID rule in the Properties Window The PID rule uses the following parameters Setpoint setpoint of control parameter B sUsingConstantSetpoint true if the setpoint is constant in time false if the setpoint is a function of time ConstantSetpoint value of the setpoint if IsUsingConstantSetpoint is true Table table with setpoints as a function of time if IsUsingConstantSetpoint is false TableExtrapolation Interpolation Linear or block interpolation and constant or periodic extrapolation Gain factors K and Ka Limits Physical limits of the structure O Minimu
21. cture feature is not visible in the map change the view in the Map Contents window switch layers on or off or drag the network layer on top Select the structure feature on the map Figure 3 12 Figure 3 12 Structure selected on the map view of simulation output Select a Time Dependent Coverage Available items Owner Coverage gt real time control Crest width s Cancel water flow 1d inflows water flow 1d Water level water Flow 1d Water depth water flow Id Discharge water flow 1d Velocity water flow 1d Flow area water flow 1d Discharge finite volume water flow Id Velocity finite volume water flow Id Volume finite volume water flow 1d Surface finite volume water flow Id Chezy finite volume water flaw Id Crest level s water flow 1d Crest width s Figure 3 13 Select output coverage Then select the Query Time Series tool Press the Control key on your keyboard and choose crest level crest width and water level from the water flow 1d model as output cover age Figure 3 13 These parameters are now plotted over time for the selected Weir Node Figure 3 14 Click with the mouse in the diagram or select rows in the table Add a title for the chart in the chart Properties window Figure 3 15 Multiple controlled structures Save the project under a new name Add a second weir to the network of the water flow model The network should now look like the one given
22. dent on the type of model N Warning Import from SOBEK 2 The PID rule can behave differently from the PID controller in previous releases of SOBEK 2 12 002 and lower During the import of a schematization from SOBEK 2 the gain factors are changed to fit better within the new PID rule Nevertheless after import from SOBEK we recommend to calibrate the PID rule again to obtain reliable results 36 of 44 Deltares 4 2 4 Module D RTC All about the modelling process Interval rule The interval rule can be used to operate a structure in such a way that a specified hydraulic parameter is maintained This controlled parameter can be the water level at a specified observation point in the network the discharge at a specified observation point in the network Figure 4 11 shows an example of the use of an interval rule in the flowchart An interval rule always needs the input of a control parameter Figure 4 12 shows the Properties Window for an interval rule There are several parameters available for the interval rule Setpoints control parameter this is either a constant set point or a timeseries Once a timeseries has been generated this is used as set point Interpolation only used when set points as a function of time are available The interpo lation is between the values in the time series for the set points Possibilities are D constant linear Below above limits Values for controlled parameter when contro
23. e 3 2 Time Rule data for crest level Date Crest level in m 2000 01 01 00 00 00 1 2000 01 02 00 00 00 1 2000 01 05 00 00 00 8 left click on the anchor point of the rule object on its right side hold the mouse clicked and find the anchor point on the left side of the output location object Release the mouse button Figure 3 7 Minimum flow chart with a Time Rule Now set the crest level of the weir as output location right click click on the output location object and navigate through the menus From the available locations in the network of the flow model select the weir as location and crest level as controlled parameter The output location ellipsoid turns blue after having specified the parameters Note that now in the map the available location are highlighted The default rule is a PID rule In this tutorial we use a Time rule because this is the simplest one Right mouse click on the rule and select Convert PID Rule to Time Rule The data of the time rule can be edited in the Properties window Under Data click on lt Time Series gt and the drop down menu to open the table editor Fill in the data from Table 3 2 Use the arrow keys to switch between cells and the return key to add a new line With the F2 key you can address the date value Select periodicity constant and interpolation linear default values Save the project Perform a simulation To perform a coupled flow simulation right click on the lt integrated model
24. e lag different to zero is applied care must be taken for the initial phase of the simu lation Until a simulation period equal to the time lag is computed no input data is available for the hydraulic rule So the rule gives no output and no controlled parameter is transferred to the structure connected to the rule Conseguently the structure is considered to be not controlled by D RTC For the simulation the parameter value specified for the structure in the corresponding D Flow 1D menu see and is used in this case Hence for modeling studies where a time lag for a hydraulic rule is specified the user either has to 32 of 44 Deltares Module D RTC All about the modelling process take into account the lack of input data for control in the initial phase in the analysis of results or use initial conditions from restart a state saved previously see Properties nox HydraulicRule HydraulicRuleFroperties 19 HydraulicRule ag D E Table Extrapolation Constant Interpolation Constant Table lookupT able Figure 4 6 A hydraulic rule in the Properties Window 4 2 2 Timerule The time rule is the simplest rule the controlled parameter is defined explicitly as a function of time The time rule is therefore the only rule without input data from a control parameter Figure 4 7 shows an example of the use of the time rule in the flowchart Copy of Flow model 1d 1 network Control Group
25. eltares 31 of 44 4 2 1 D Real Time Control User Manual Hydraulic rule The hydraulic rule can be used to operate a structure as a function of a control parameter such as waterlevel or discharge at an observation point The rule operates according to a table with a specified relation between the control parameter and the controlled parameter An example of such a table is Table 4 1 Table 4 1 Example hydraulic rule for structure Control parameter Controlled parameter water level at observation crest level of weir m AD point Control Group J Control Group 2 J CC mm ME 0231 m 1000 2000 3000 4000 e Figure 4 5 A hydraulic rule in the flowchart Figure 4 6 shows the Properties Window for the hydraulic rule The following parameters can be set Id obligatory and unique for the control group Name not obligatory and not necessarily unique TimeLag always given in seconds Extrapolation extrapolation of table Always constant Interpolation interpolation of table constant or linear Table Table with relation between control parameter and controlled parameter The time lag is the time difference between the control parameter and the controlled param eter For example if the time lag is 1 day 86400 s the value of the controlled parameter is determined by the value of the control parameter one day before It is not a delay in response of the structure If a tim
26. gt in the Project Explorer and choose Run Model View the simulation results Introduction Both the D Flow 1D model and RTC run simultaneously and exchange data with each other during run time on a time stap basis Figure 3 8 shows the Project Explorer after the sim ulation run Both D RTC and D Flow 1D generate their own output the output time step of the D Flow 1D model is set by the user The RTC model uses this time step and puts out the values of the controlled parameters per timestep Note that the output of D RTC is the input for the next timestep D Flow 1D computes Table view Double click on lt real time control gt lt output gt lt crest level s gt in the Project Explorer Figure 3 8 and select table and chart view A tab opens in which the crest levels are shown as a function of time Figure 3 9 A mouse click on the top left corner of the table selects the Deltares 19 of 44 D Real Time Control User Manual content The data can now be copied and pasted to a file project Er 4 integrated modell 1 ed Region Pe M network M basin E 5 Models EF real time control G Control Groups Eb i Output zx iB Crest level s E water Flow 1d Figure 3 8 Project Explorer after a coupled simulation with D RTC and D Flow 1D amp real time control Crest level s 2000 01 01 22 00 00 2000 01 01 23 00 00 Weir1 2000 01 02 03 00 00 wer 2000 01 02 00 00 00 Figure 3 9 Table and c
27. hart view D RTC output 3 4 3 Side view 3 5 To create a side view double click on lt input gt lt network gt in the water flow model to open the network editor Select T gum in the ribbon and click in the map to create a network route along the branch For this purpose click on the start of the branch the most upstream point and click on the end of the branch most downstream point A route between the two points is created The created route can be deleted in Region Contents under network Routes Click lis in the ribbon to open the sideview Right mouse click in the side view Select Select Coverages Choose Discharge and Crest level s from the list Navigate the time steps with the time series navigator to explore the simulation results in time through along the chainage of the channel A more 20 of 44 complex control flow Deltares 3 5 1 Module D RTC Getting started Hydro Region Editor Y sideview x 1b x route 1 at 03 01 2000 04 00 00 N NN LL LUIN U ane nQ a a ee Level m AD a NON 0o H 0 5000 10000 15000 20000 25000 30000 35000 40000 45000 50000 55000 60000 Chainage m along route Water level m AD H route 1 m AD Discharge m3 s Crest level s m AD Show w Structures Cross sections Time Series Navigator D 01 03 2000 04 0000 Delay 0 1 sec 21 2000 0 00 02 01 2000 0 00 03 0
28. he left side of condition02 evaluates discharge Then connect the right side anchor point of condition02 to the left anchor point of the rule Arrange the elements in such a way that the flowchart looks like Figure 3 21 This is an example of two conditions in an OR combination Whereas in Figure 3 20 both conditions had to be true for the rule to be active in Figure 3 21 only one of the two conditions needs to be true for the rule to be active Run the integrated model save the project and analyze the results Future versions of SOBEK will provide more features to analyze simulation results of D RTC 26 of 44 Deltares Module D RTC Getting started ET bservatianPointl Water level op Weirl Crest level s leni n Obs ervationPoint1 Disc harge op comditionD2 T Figure 3 21 Flowchart with two Hydro conditions in an combination and a Time rule Deltares 2 of 44 D Real Time Control User Manual 28 of 44 Deltares 4 1 4 1 1 Module D RTC All about the modelling process Conditions In D RTC there are 2 types of conditions 1 Hydro condition 2 Time condition The hydro condition uses data to assess whether a rule should be active or not while the time rule uses a timetable and is therefore independent of data Hydro condition Figure 4 1 shows an example of the use of a hydro condition in a flowchart A hydro condition always needs input data which are connected to the cond
29. in Figure 3 16 Change the crest width to 30 m and the crest level to 4 m 22 of 44 Deltares 3 6 Module D RTC Getting started waterflow1d Water level Function view dbx Time yyyy MM dd Water Crest 2000 01 03 02 00 00 EX 2000 01 03 03 00 00 6 7141 10 625 2 375 Water level at Channeli 35168 56 water flow 1d m AD 2000 01 03 04 00 00 6 6709 10 833 2 5 Crest width s at Weir1 water flow 1d m 2000 01 03 05 00 00 6 6166 11 042 2 625 Crest level s at Weir1 water flow 1d m AD 2000 01 03 06 00 00 6 5518 11 25 2 75 2000 01 03 07 00 00 6 477 11 458 2 875 E 20 2000 01 03 08 00 00 6 3929 11 667 3 p 18 2000 01 03 09 00 00 6 2999 11 875 3 125 2 16 2000 01 03 10 00 00 6 1986 12 083 3 25 5 14 2000 01 03 11 00 00 6 0895 12 292 3 375 12 2000 01 03 12 00 00 5 9733 12 5 3 5 AN 2000 01 03 13 00 00 5 8502 12 708 3 625 8 2000 01 03 14 00 00 5 7211 12 917 3 75 2000 01 03 15 00 00 5 5862 13 125 3 875 a a 2000 01 03 16 00 00 5 446 13 333 4 2000 01 03 17 00 00 5 301 13 542 4 125 E ja 2000 01 03 18 00 00 5 1516 13 75 4 25 5 E 2000 01 03 19 00 00 49983 13 958 4 375 a 5 2000 01 03 20 00 00 48413 14 167 4 5 8 2000 01 03 21 00 00 4 6811 14 375 4 625 2 10 2000 01 03 22 00 00 4 5181 14 583 4 75 v 3 1 2000 0 00 2 1 2000 0 00 3 1 2000
30. is true the rule connected to the true right side of the condition is activated otherwise deactivated Similarly if the condition is false the rule connected to the false bottom side of the condition is activated otherwise deactivated 30 of 44 Deltares 4 2 Module D RTC All about the modelling process The parameter extrapolation controls what happens outside the ranges of the defined timetable Three options are possible Constant the first and last value of the timetable are used for each time before and after the defined timetable respectively Periodic the time table is repeated before its first and after its last time entry None no extrapolation before the first and after the last time entry no rules are triggered and the value of the controlled parameter is unaffected by RTC Start Page Control Group 1 Control Group 2 PfronPointOO01_W ater level km 1 2 3 4 Home Figure 4 3 Example of a flowchart with a time condition Properties n x condition01 TimeConditionFroperties El Data TimeSeries Time Series El InterpolationExtrapolation Extrapolation Constant Interpolation Constant E Misc Id condition01 Mame Figure 4 4 A time condition in the Properties Window Rules In D RTC there are five different types of rules o Hydraulic rule Time rule PID rule Interval rule Relative from time value rule All rules will be discussed below D
31. ition at the top side These data are the control parameters and can be any parameter available at a control location i e water level discharge velocity but also salt concentration or water temperature depending on the modules used Figure 4 2 shows the Properties Window for a hydro condition A hydro condition has as parameters Input Operation Value 9 00000 The input is equal to the selected control location and parameter in this case waterlevel at observation point 1 The value is the setpoint of the control parameter The hydro condition checks with the operation how the actual value of the control parameter relates to the setpoint In the example in Figure 4 2 the hydro condition checks if the waterlevel at the observation point is larger than zero If this is the case the operation is true and the hydro condition is also true If this is not the case the operation is false as is the hydro condition The following operations are available gt larger lt smaller egual lt gt not equal gt larger or equal lt smaller or equal 000000 If the hydro condition is true the rule connected to the true side right side of the condition is activated and the rule connected to the false side bottom side of the condition is deactivated Otherwhise if the condition is false the rule connected to the true side is deactivated and the rule connected to the false side is activated The id is ob
32. ivated In case the user defined value for d value dt is too small to allow for the in the Table defined changes in control parameter D RTC will divert from these defined parameter values in such way as to best fit the overall table d value dt 0 means that there is no restriction in change in parameter over one time step When it reaches the end of the table the value of the controlled parameter is kept constant at the last value The relative from value rule is similar except that the table is started not at the top but at the value of the controlled parameter 38 of 44 Deltares 5 Module D RTC Simulation and model output The simulation results of D RTC can be accessed as described in section 3 4 D RTC Simu lation results are also written into a temporary directory of the user s local settings c Documents and Settings lt user gt Local Settings Temp where lt user gt is a placeholder for the user s name Right click in the Project Explorer and choose Open last working directory to navigate to the ER current working directory where the simulation input and output is stored The file lt timeseries_0000 csv contains the time series of all model objects of the D RTC model as comma separated value lt table This file can be easily opened and postprocessed with text editors or programs like Microsoft Excel or Matlab in order to analyze the simulated values related to input and output locations and the status of D RTC objects
33. l over time for the weir A point in time has been selected in the diagram the corresponding line is selected in the table Chart properties window the chart title Simulation results has been added D Flow 1D network with two weirs D Flow 1D network with one weir and a single observation point upstream Flowchart with a Hydro Condition and a Time Rule The rule is connected with the true output of the condition 222222 m nn Data origin for the structure Flowchart with two Hydro conditions in an AND combination combined with a ou L5 s ee Flowchart with two Hydro conditions in an OR combination and a Time rule Example of a flowchart with a hydro condition A hydro condition in the Properties Window Example of a flowchart with a time condition A time condition in the Properties Window A hydraulic rule the A hydraulic rule in the Properties Window A time rule in the flowchart 23 23 24 24 25 25 D Real Time Control User Manual Vi 4 8 4 9 4 10 4 11 4 12 5 1 A time rule in the Properties Window 34 A PID rule in the flowchart 35 A PID rule in the Properties Window 36 An interval rule in the flowchart
34. l parameter is above or below the setpoint Deadband a region in which the interval rule does not respond to deviations in the control parameter from the setpoint Deadband Type the deadband region can be defined absolute or as a percentage IntervalType fixed or variable Fixedinterval or Maxspeed one ofthe two depending on the IntervalType must be entered When the interval type is set to fixed the controlled parameter is adjusted with a fixed amount each timestep This fixed amount is the parameter Fixedlnterval In this mode the value of the controlled parameter is independent of the actual timestep If the controlled parameter is crest level of a weir and the Fixedlnterval is set to 1 the crest level will be adjusted with 1 meter every timestep within the limits of the structure set by the values Below and Above regardless whether the timestep is a minute or an hour It is up to the user to set an appropriate value for the Fixedlnterval When the interval type is set to variable the controlled parameter is adjusted with a velocity specified by the parameter Maxspeed This velocity is a maximum velocity D RTC checks whether within that timestep the limits of the structure are reached If so the actual adjustment Is smaller and hence also the actual velocity In this mode the actual adjustment of the structure is a function of the timestep If the timestep is twice as long the adjustment will be twice as large within the li
35. le D RTC Getting started Figure 3 4 Example water flow model schematisation with an OpenStreet background map http openstreetmap org 3 3 simple D RTC model Deltares 17 of 44 3 3 1 3 3 2 D Real Time Control User Manual Add a Control Group Right mouse click on lt Control Groups gt in the Project Explorer and select Add New Control Group A menu Figure 3 5 appears where the user can choose between a set of default available control groups Select empty group Control Group 1 is now added to the set of Control Groups in the Project Explorer The Control Group window is currently empty Select item FID Rule with condition Hydraulic Rule with condition Interval Rule with condition Time Rule with condition Relative Time Rule with condition Relative Time from value Rule with condition lnvertorAule Figure 3 5 Options for default controlgroups km a 1 15 20 e amp e Figure 3 6 Empty controlgroup Construct a minimal controlflow Select amp toolbar below the empty flow chart on the right hand side of the Control Group editor and click in the Control Group window This tool adds an output location to the flow chart Select under the flow chart and click in the flow chart to add a rule Connect the two objects to obtain a flow chart as shown in Figure 3 7 move the mouse over the rule object 18 of 44 Deltares 3 3 3 3 4 3 4 1 3 4 2 Module D RTC Getting started Tabl
36. ligatory and unigue for the control group in which it is used The name is not obligatory and not necessarily unique Deltares 29 of 44 D Real Time Control User Manual Start Page Control Group 1 qd gt x Co 1 9 rest level s m 1000 2000 3000 4000 e Figure 4 1 Example of a flowchart with a hydro condition Properties conditionO1 StandardConditionProperties Input ObservationPoint001 Water level op Operation gt value D El Misc Id condition01 Mame Figure 4 2 A hydro condition in the Properties Window 4 1 2 Time condition Figure 4 3 shows an example of the use of a time condition The main difference in flowchart compared to a hydro condition is the absence of input data The time condition is independent of simulation results or measurements It only needs a time table in which is stated during which time the condition is true or false Figure 4 4 shows the Properties Window for a time condition A time condition has the following parameters Time Series o Extrapolation constant periodic none o Id obligatory unique for each Control Group Name optional and not necessarily unique By clicking on Time Series and selecting al a window pops up in which the time table can be entered For each time entry true or false can be checked Between two consecutive entries the value of the first time entry is maintained If the condition
37. lling suites In the start up screen links are provided to all relevant User Manuals and Technical Reference Manuals for that modelling suite It will be clear that the Delta Shell User Manual is shipped with all these modelling suites Other user manuals can be referenced In that case you need to open the specific user manual from the start up screen in the central window Some texts are shared In different user manuals in order to improve the readability Overview To make this manual more accessible we will briefly describe the contents of each chapter If this is your first time to start working with D RTC we suggest you to read Chapter 3 Module D RTC Getting started This chapter provides a tutorial Chapter 2 Module D RTC Overview gives a brief introduction on D RTC Chapter 3 Module D RTC Getting started provides examples of D RTC with a tutorial Chapter 4 Module D RTC All about the modelling process provides practical information on the GUI setting up so called Control groups presented as a Flow chart and validating the model Chapter 5 Module D RTC Simulation and model output describes how the simulation results can be accessed Manual version and revisions This manual applies to SOBEK 3 suite version 3 4 and Delft3D Flexible Mesh version 2015 Typographical conventions Throughout this manual the following conventions help you to distinguish between different elements of text Deltares 1 of 44 D
38. m minimum value of the controlled parameter Maximum maximum value of the controlled parameter MaxSpeed maximum velocity with which the controlled parameter is adjusted Id obligatory and unique for the controlgroup Name not obligatory and not necessarily unique Deltares 35 of 44 D Real Time Control User Manual Properties n x rule01 FIDRuleFroperties ConstantSetpoint D IsUsingConstantSetpaint True Table Set points TableExtrapolation None TableInterpolation Linear Gain Factor Kd D kl D Kp D El Limits Maximum 0 MaxSpeed D Minimum 0 Misc Id rule01 Figure 4 10 A PID rule in the Properties Window 4 2 3 3 PID rule calibration The gain factors K Ka must be calibrated for optimal performance of the PID rule For example the calibration can be carried out as follows Take Ky equal to zero and increase the value of K gradually from a small value until the solution starts to oscillate The sign of K must be chosen dependent of the type of structure and the chosen control parameter see technical background below Next divide the resulting value of K in half and start increasing K with a factor times K Again the value of K is increased until oscillations appear remains equal to zero Finally increase the value of sign of K4 may be opposite of sign of K A strict procedure for this calibration cannot be presented since the procedures and results are depen
39. mits of the structure Control Group 1 Control Group 2 1D X BonPoint001 Water level 9 Poe level s mm m 500 10001500 2000 Figure 4 11 An interval rule in the flowchart Deltares 37 of 44 4 2 5 D Real Time Control User Manual Properties n x rule 1 IntervalRuleProperties ConstantSetpoint 0 IsUsingConstantSetpaint False TimeSeries Setpoints E InterpolationExtrapolation Interpolation Linear EI Limits Above D Below Deadband4roundSetpoint DeadBandType Fixed EI Misc FixedInterval D Id rule01 IntervalType Fixed MaxSpeed 0 Name Figure 4 12 An interval rule in the Properties Window Relative from time value rule The relative time rule can be used to specify the controlled parameter as function of time where the time in seconds is given relative to the moment that the rule is activated for the first time by a condition When the rule is activated for the first time the relative time table is made absolute computational time relative time thereafter the rule starts at the top of the table and continues downward until the rule is deactivated by a condition The rule table will remain absolute during the user defined so called Start period In case the rule is activated after this start period has passed the table will be made absolute again Start period 0 means that the table is made absolute each and every time that the rule is act
40. mpound structure several structures combined can form one large complex such as Haringvlietsluizen which consist of 17 individual locks It can be convenient to group D RTC around these compound structures Each controlgroup can then contain more than one controlflow one for each controlled parameter Deciding how to group the controlflows is finding a balance between transparancy and easier modeling in the controlgroups and having a good overview of the total model It is recom mended to use as few controlflows as possible within a single controlgroup Only use more than one controlflow per controlgroup if the project explorer becomes too complex Flow chart The flow chart is the visual interpretation of the controlgroup While the Project Explorer only shows a list of all components of a controlgroup the flowchart shows how the components of the controlgroup relate to one another D RTC is built around the concept of controlflows Figure 2 5 shows the concept of a con trolflow and its components The controlflow in a flow chart always o has one starting point for each controlled parameter depicted with a thick black line around the controlflow component see Figure 2 5 o hasatleast one controlled parameter and one rule can combine multiple conditions and rules shows the controlflow with solid arrows and data input or output with dashed arrows see Figure 2 5 has exactly one active path per controlled parameter no
41. nance activities etc Controlled parameters are positions of moving elements of the structures that are directed by D RTC Examples are Crest level or crest width of weirs o Discharge of pumps 4 of 44 Deltares 2 2 Module D RTC Overview o Gate opening at gated weirs o Valve opening at Culverts Initial D Flow 1D state 1 Control parameters 2 Controlled parameters D RTC Controlled 1 Control parameters parameters 2 Controlled parameters D Flow 1D Figure 2 4 D RTC modelling concept and data flow D RTC uses the input from control parameters to evaluate conditions that trigger rules that set the controlled parameters For example if a pump operates during the night with a capacity of 500 m s and is shut down during the day the condition is true during the night and false during the day The rule connected to the true output sets the discharge to 500 m s while the rule connected to false output set the discharge of the pump to 0 m s Rules contain the actual algorithms that D RTC uses to calculate the values of a controlled parameter o Conditions trigger a rule to be active or not Both the true and false outcome of a condition can be used to activate rules By connecting a seguence of conditions and rules a control flow is generated for a controlled parameter This controlflow is visualized in a flowchart which is described in more detail below D RTC uses the objects from a hydraulic model such a
42. ns This edition has only minor adjustments 2 of 44 Deltares 2 Module D RTC Overview 2 1 Introduction The D RTC Real Time Control plug in can be used for the simulation of real time control of hydraulic systems It can be applied to rainfall runoff hydraulics and water quality com putations The D RTC module is used in a composite model and is always combined to a hydrodynamic model such as D Flow 1D and or D RR and or D WAQ A D RTC model has three main windows in Delta Shell the Project Explorer the map with the Flow chart and the Properties Window The Project Explorer is used to show a total overview of all D RTC model objects while the map and flow chart show the relations between the D RTC components Figure 2 1 shows an example of a D RTC model in the Project Explorer In this case the composite model contains a D Flow 1D model and the D RTC model The D RTC model consists of a set of controlgroups and an output folder This is described in more detail in section 2 2 Figure 2 2 shows an example of a flowchart Flowcharts are described in section 2 3 The Properties window shows details of the RTC components and facilitates editing see also section 2 4 Figure 2 3 shows an example of the Properties Window for a Time rule see also Project Explorer project je Real Time Control Model bad output eet Control Groups Control group of 01 8 2 Control group of 04 Control group of 17 Control group
43. nual Run Parameters Start Time 2000 01 01 00 00 00 Br Stop Time V 2000 01 05 00 00 00 Er Time Step W 01 00 00 Duration 4 days O hours O minutes O seconds Models and Tools Current Workflow real time control default all models parallel water flow 1d real time control water flow 1d Add Da Run Figure 3 2 Integrated model settings for a coupled simulation with D RTC and D Flow 1D 3 2 2 The D Flow 1D model Create a simple D Flow 1D model 000000000 gt Optional Enable OpenStreetMap WMS layer Add one branch with a length of about 60 km long to the network Add a cross section of type YZ with default properties Add a Weir node with default properties Create a computational grid Set a constant water level of 2 m at the downstream boundary Set a transient discharge boundary condition at the upstream end Table 3 1 Set the current crest level the current crest width of structures as output parameter Set the current water level and the current discharge of observation points as output pa rameter Save the project Validate the model Run the model The flow model schematisation lt network gt then should look more or less like the one given with Fig 3 4 Table 3 1 Discharge boundary condition table for the upstream end Date Discharge in m s 2000 01 01 00 00 00 300 2000 01 02 00 00 00 300 2000 01 05 00 00 00 900 16 of 44 Deltares Modu
44. s a D Flow 1D model but has no knowledge of the model itself and no spatial information The objects from a hydraulic model used by D RTC are passive objects which can not be edited in D RTC D RTC directs the controlflow which means that the only editable objects are rules and conditions Controlgroup A D RTC model consists of one or multiple controlgroups which are shown in the Project Explorer A controlgroup is a set of D RTC components Each controlgroup consists of one flow chart with one ore more controlflows see section 2 3 a list of observation points which supply the values of the control parameters a list of conditions used in the controlflow s a list of rules used in the controlflow s a list of structure output locations for the controlled parameters 00000 The set of elements in a single flowchart is a single controlgroup and one or more control Deltares 5 of 44 2 3 2 4 D Real Time Control User Manual groups form a D RTC model The controlgroup can be used to organize the D RTC model For example a user can decide to group the controlflows per controlled parameter each controlled parameter has its own controlflow and a control group has one controlflow controlled structure a controlled structure can have controlflows for each controlled pa rameter for example both crest level and crest width are controlled of a single weir Each controlgroup can then have more than one controlflow co
45. s are false An OR combination of two conditions means that only one of the two conditions has to be true for the rule to be active Only if both conditions are false the rule becomes inactive Controlled param 1 Figure 2 8 Example of two conditions that combined form an AND trigger 8 of 44 Deltares Module D RTC Overview Controlled param 1 Figure 2 9 Example of two conditions that combined form an OR trigger By adding conditions the controlflow may be expanded to more complex situations Figures 2 10 and 2 11 show some possibilites by using three conditions in a single controlflow All possibilities for combinations of three conditions are o 1 AND 2 AND 3 o 10R20R3 1 AND 2 OR Figure 2 10 1 OR 2 AND 3 Figure 2 11 Figure 2 10 Example of three conditions 1 AND 2 OR 3 Deltares 9 of 44 D Real Time Control User Manual Controlled param 1 Figure 2 11 Example of three conditions 1 OR 2 AND 3 Similarly the control flow can be extended with even more conditions and rules Figures 2 12 to 2 17 give examples for a situation with four conditions Condition 4 Figure 2 12 Example of four conditions 4 OR 1 AND 2 AND 3 10 of 44 Deltares Module D RTC Overview Controlled param 1 Figure 2 13 Example of four conditions 1 AND 2 AND 3 OR 4 Controlled param 1 Figure 2 14 Example of four conditions 1 OR 2 AND 3 OR 4
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