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1. ACTION OUTPUT Wire touched with hands Wire touched with shade no 1 Wires touched with shade no 2 More Details at www scienceadda com hobbyzone electronics led_touch 2012 www scienceadda com Page 10 of 24 Seje nce dda Experiment 04 LED Intensity using Potentiometer Why When you want to control the flow of water in two different pipes you will use a master tap and regulate the flow You can let more water through tap1 and less through tap2 Let us try something similar How it works Intensity of LED1 and LED2 changes on turning the Pot Knob When the resistance varies the LED with least resistance in its path glows with more brightness What do you need e Board e 1x 330 ohm resistors Orange Orange Brown e 2xLED any color e 1x 1K pot 4 A UTION e Handle the POT very carefully using hands e Don t use sharp objects to turn the POT e Do NOT move the POT beyond the given limit as shown below NORMAL POSITION 2012 www scienceadda com Page 15 of 24 ations Pvt itd a Anti Clockwise a MAXIMUM Clockwise MAXIMUM What to do 2012 www scienceadda com Page 16 of 24 S jence dda tor Experiment 01 LED Control with Touch and Graphite Why How does resistance change with length and width of a conducting body Does human body offer resistance Let us find out How it works The human body is very much l2. jence Xdda S jence dda S jence dda S jence dda Science Adde Learning Innovations gt Science Adde Learning Innovations P vt itd vt itd How to connect Be gentle while handling the board Power ON the board ONLY after making the complete connection Keep the board ona dry surface Use RED wire for 5V ve and BLACK wire for GND GROUND ve in experiments for better clarity See the complete circuit once before starting the experiment Read about the components before using them in experiments Check your connections TWICE before powering ON the board or G le ee 9 n gt S 3 J IGHT OL SENSOR SENSOR paa r h Spill any liquid on board Always keep it dry Never drop the board Components will be damaged Never connect ve to GND or ve to 5V of any component Turn the POT knob slowly and carefully Never change any or make new connections when power GREEN light is ON Output e The two LEDs turn ON and turn OFF with some amount of delay Observation e Can you change the duration for which led flashes More Details at www scienceadda com hobbyzone electronics led_flasher 2012 www scienceadda com Page 2 of 24 2012 www scienceadda com Page 23 of 24 Sje nce dda vt itd Notes User Manual Jump Start Board Power Switch POWER SUPPI ea i DOT ix Components on board Diodes 3 nos DIP switch 4 nos RGB LED 1 no Potentiometers 8 nos El
3. ectrolytic Capacitors 13 nos Light Sensor LDR 1 no Sound Sensor 1 no Transistors 6 nos Switches 4 nos IC slot 1 nos Colour LED 8 nos Connecting Terminal 2 nos 2012 www scienceadda com Page 24 of 24 2012 www scienceadda com FF aE Seje ce Adda Science Ad arming Innovations P dda Le vt Ltd Page 1 of 24 Make the connections of the experiment Check your connections twice and press the Power supply switch The Green Light indicates board is powered and you can check your output DIODES 2012 www scienceadda com oO _ Be a SOUND SENSOR Y Tye MY gt os Pin LED Dor 5 dia VOC ri c gt 2 Ag ok 8 lt a lt 5 i c on n om f SV TE deren a eee lut at O JEDA d Al 9 7 ma gt gt j Bap Soo a E P gt SWITCH PINI IC SLOT wWOJ EPPEIJDJUITIS mw hoo SciENGEADDALOO Output The intensity of the RGB LED changes when the 1K POT is varied Observation ACTION OUTPUT Change the POT for Red Green and Blue More Details at www scienceadda com hobbyzone electronics rgbLed Page 4 of 24 2012 www scienceadda com Page 21 of 24 a eR y i S jence7 dda Experiment 07 LED FLASHER How it works A simple pair of resistor and capacitor when connected in a specific manner creates a time delay in the path of the electricity If this delay has to be repeated to blink an LED a set of t
4. ike a thin rubber bag full of salt water By touching the wires the Circuit will be closed and thereby causing the LED to GLOW Also shade the box given using pencil and make the wires touch its end and observe the change What do you need e Board e 1 x 330 ohm resistors Orange Orange Brown e 1 x BC547 NPN transistors already on board e 1 x LED any colour A Caution 1 Transistors have three pins Emitter E Base B and Collector C Connect them properly as shown in the wiring diagram What to do Touch here NPN 2012 www scienceadda com Page 9 of 24 vt itd Inea vt Ltd Experiment 03 AND GATE Why Switches are used to open or close a circuit Here we work on an AND GATE where when only both the switches are pressed the light glows You can implement a circuit with multiple switches for a single light where until the main switch is ON the light will not turn ON How it works When the mains are turned OFF in your home none of the switches will be able to turn ON fans or TV Here the MAIN switch is the master and other switches are slaves Only when the master switch is ON slave switches can function Let us try an experiment on this What do you need e Board Q e 1 x 330 ohm resistors Orange ec A Orange Brown sel oe eel ae ee ee eel S LARZR42R 2 eed ei e 1x LEDs any colour A ion Output Caution e The LED will turn ON if any one
5. ng on it 5 Diode a An electronic device that allows current to flow _ in one direction only i 6 Transistors A device that amplifies or switches the flow of current between its terminals Collector c and Emitter e The switching or amplification is controlled through Base b Cc 2012 www scienceadda com Page 6 of 24 How to connect Observation ACTION OUTPUT LDR covered in hands LDR in open F 1 Seje nce7 dda Shine a torch directly on LDR More Details at www scienceadda com hobbyzone electronics Led_Ldr 2012 www scienceadda com Page 19 of 24 X S jence dda Experiment 06 RGB LED Colour Mixer Why Red Green and Blue are the most basic colours By mixing them in different proportions we can get different colour output Ina TV screen each point is similar to RGB led By mixture of these three colours it creates white black violet pink and much more Let us try it by mixing red green and blue colours How it works RGB led contains a red a green and a blue led in a single pack By using a pot you can vary the resistance in the circuit which results in varying intensity of the particular colour What do you need e Board e 3 x 330 ohm resistors Orange Orange Brown e 1xRGBLED A cation 3 RGB LED had 4 pins in which pin goes to 5v and the rest 3 pins goes to 330 Ohms resistors What to do 2012 w
6. switch is pressed or even if both 2 LED s have polarity connect the VE terminal to 330 Ohm resistor and switches are pressed negative to ground Observation nee ACTION OUTPUT a S1 S2 330 S1 and S2 both pressed Le Only S1 is pressed Only S2 is pressed LEDI N More Details at www scienceadda com hobbyzone electronics or_gate 2012 www scienceadda com Page 12 of 24 2012 www scienceadda com Page 13 of 24 iS ije nce Xdda S jence dda vt itd d Experiment 2 OR Gate switch Why Switches are used to open or close a circuit Here we work on an OR GATE where if any of the switch is pressed the light glows You can implement a circuit with multiple switches for a single light If there is a single bulb in a corridor you can use OR Gate to control it from two different switches in different places How it works A simple pair of switch S1 amp S2 and a resistor when connected to a LED as shown creates an OR GATE Here when any of the switch is pressed it closes the circuit and LED turns ON TED Era r un n t J nN m w a a w n 3 3 What do you need fo a dee a lala ad d ala A e Board 09 99 0j GS S jcitncebulse e 1 x 330 ohm resistors Orange Orange Brown Output e 1x LED any colour e The LED turns ON only when both the switches S1 amp S2 are pressed together A Caution Observation 1 LED s have polarity connect the VE
7. t 2012 www scienceadda com Page 8 of 24 2012 www scienceadda com Page 17 of 24 Experiment 05 Light Based LED Intensity Why Smart Street Lights will turn ON during night times and turn OFF during the day automatically These lights use a LIGHT SENSOR called LIGHT DEPENDANT RESISTOR LDR Try a simple experiment using a LDR in the board and record the output How it works As light falling on the LDR increases its resistance decreases As a result more current flows through the LED increasing its brightness When you cover the LDR its resistance increases So due to high resistance brightness of the LED reduces What do you need e Board e 1x LDR LIGHT SENSOR e 1x LED any color What to do 5V LED Pa A LDR 2012 www scienceadda com Page 18 of 24 7 LED Light Emitting Diode A device which emits light when powered ON It is available in various colours As it is a diode it works only in one direction It has polarity so 8 Switch A mechanical device which opens or closes a circuit It is used to turn ON or turn OFF Lights and speakers 2012 www scienceadda com Pvt Lt Page 7 of 24 A S fence Adda vt itd box 1 How to connect TOUCH HERE Oe MAX IN 12 1K POT 1K POT 1K WOJ PPPPsIUSTIS MMM ot N 0918 6 9 S 6 S 8 beinue Output e The LED turns ON when two wires are touched with hands Observation
8. terminal to 330 Ohm resistor and negative to ground ACTION OUTPUT S1 and S2 both pressed What to Do Only S1 is pressed gt s 330 Only S2 is pressed z More Details at oo www scienceadda com hobbyzone electronics and_gate A 2012 www scienceadda com Page 14 of 24 2012 www scienceadda com Page 11 of 24
9. wo such pairs are needed Such a circuit can be seen at railroad signals blinking rear light for bicycles decorations etc What do you need e Board e 2x 330 ohm resistors Orange Orange Brown e 2x 10k ohm resistors Brown Black Orange e 2 x 100uF capacitors already on board e 2x BC547 transistors already on board e 2 x LEDs any colour A caution 1 Capacitors have polarity i e POSITIVE and NEGATIVE marked on them 2 DO NOT connect 5V to NEGATIVE of the Capacitor or GND to POSITIVE of the Capacitor it will explode 3 Transistors have three pins Emitter E Base B and Collector C Connect them properly as shown in the wiring diagram What to do 2012 www scienceadda com Page 22 of 24 Getting started with board Powering ON Connect the DC Adapter to the board as shown Power ON the Adapter The RED light indicates power ON 2012 www scienceadda com Page 3 of 24 A Sefence dda vt itd 2 Capacitor Capacitors are components that can store electrical pressure Voltage for long periods of time It has polarity i e Positive and Negative terminal marked on its sides 3 Potentiometer POT Potentiometers are variable resistors Turning the knob varies its resistance 4 Light Dependant Resistor LDR Light Sensor LDR is a resistor which has high resistance normally and very low resistance when there is lots of light falli
10. ww scienceadda com Page 20 of 24 tions Pvt itd Know your Component 1 Resistor The resistor is an electronic component that has electrical friction It opposes the flow of electrons in the circuit Brown Red Orange Green Blue Violet Grey White Example 1 The colours here are Yellow Violet Orange eae ii RE The value of the colours refer to the table are yellow 4 violet 7 orange 3 ignore gold 47 X 10 47000Q Or 47kQ Example 2 The colours here are Brown Black Red Gold The value of the colours refer to the table are Brown 1 Black 0 Red 2 ignore gold 10 X 107 1000 N or 1K N 2012 www scienceadda com Page 5 of 24 a os Sojence dda Seje nce Xdda Science Adda Learning Innovations P ScienceAdda Learning Innovations Pvt Ltd vt Ltd d How to read the Circuit How to connect Resistor AN LED ve ve Transistor one E B B E c NPN a Tocs i gt Potentiometer amp fix ror i por ic Pa ior Bor Pat oaeo Pan 23 5 POT yA Bibcce sce cox tce coe J occ HF 09 19i lol o i Ta LDR Ai Capacitor a Output e The LEDs will turn ON and turn OFF based on pot value turn the pot in clockwise and Anti clockwise to make out the changes in the brightness of the LEDs ACTION OUTPUT POT varied clockwise POT varied anti clockwise More Details at www scienceadda com hobbyzone electronics led_po
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