Apple II Pi Installation and User`s Manual
Contents
1. is what gives the Apple II Pi the ability to provide many different functions of the Apple II to programs running on the Raspberry Pi all apparently simultaneously A2PI When the Apple II is turned on the Raspberry Pi begins it s boot process in parallel with the Apple II boot procedure The Apple II will run the STARTUP program on the A2PI floppy and wait for the daemon to establish a connection a2pid On the Raspberry Pi Linux will automatically start its list of services one of which is the Apple II Pi daemon a2pid When the a2pid daemon synchronizes with the Apple II client the Apple II will give its familiar beep and the two computers will become one Linux will complete the boot process and present the login prompt at the console for the user to log in Apple II Pi retains the default Raspbian user name of pi and password raspberry Use these credentials to log in from the Apple II keyboard You are now ready to interact with your Apple II Pi Part Ill User Input Keyboard Input The Apple II Pi Linux daemon a2pid is responsible for mapping the ASCII characters from the Apple II keyboard into modern scan codes used by the Linux input subsystem Because of the limited number of keys the OpenApple and SolidApple keys are used as modifiers to the other keys Note The Apple IIgs Apple c and Platinum Ile have the SolidApple key named option and on the left side of the keyboard 3 Keyboard Mapping OpenA2. doesn t find it it will run the a2mount script to do so Conversely when logging out this script 1s run bash logout bash_ logout executed by bash 1 when login shell exits when leaving the console clear the screen to increase privacy if SSHLVL 1 then fusermount u prodos x usr bin clear console amp amp usr bin clear console q fi The line to call fusermount is added to the default bash logout script Creating a Special Apple Ilgs User This section describes how to make a special user account that will automatically run the full screen Apple IIgs emulator GSport and shut down the system when finished Step 1 Create user apple2 By logging in with this user name the bash login and bash logout scripts will run and launch gsportfb the full screen Apple IIgs emulator and shut down Linux when done sudo adduser apple2 I enter default values and set a password of forever Next add user apple2 to all the groups that the are needed to run FUSE and gsportfb sudo addgroup apple2 fuse sudo addgroup apple2 input sudo addgroup apple2 video sudo addgroup apple2 audio sudo addgroup apple2 sudo Create the prodos directory to mount the ProDOS devices into mkdir prodos Step2 Install GSport Log in as user apple2 and get the pre built GSport directory wget http schmenk is a geek com tarfiles gsport tgz tar xzf gsport tgz cp gsport Step 3 Crea
3. only This can be very dangerous as Linux thinks it has exclusive use of the file system If GSport has write access to the device file it is best to stay out of the Linux mapped ProDOS file system until GSport has exited Apple II Pi and GSport work together to provide an experience closer to an accelerated Apple IIgs than an emulator running in a window on a foreign machine Be careful it is actually hard to differentiate which environment you are really running Take a moment before you just switch off the power when you are done Always exit GSport with SolidApple SHIFT 0 then shutdown Linux with sudo halt Part VI Tools Interactive Tools These tools are used to interact with the Apple II from the keyboard and screen As real Linux tools they can also accept I O redirection to automate keyboard input and capture output The other common ability with the exception of bintomon of the tools is to be able to connect to Apple II Pi remotely over the network A final optional argument is the IP address of the Apple II Pi computer The tools can be built for a multitude of Linux and Unix computers and run remotely connecting to the Apple II Pi a2mon The Apple 1 has a very simple monitor program that can examine and change memory as well as execute code a2mon is modeled after that monitor As such it isn t very powerful but can be a valuable tool when combined with I O redirection You can incorporate complete programs in the
4. Apple II Pi Installation and User s Manual Welcome to the Apple II Pi one of the most significant upgrade to the Apple II series since its inception in 1977 The Apple II Pi integrates a modern 32 bit CPU GPU core with 256 or 512 MB of RAM SD memory card storage and USB ports all courtesy of the Raspberry Pi computer into the Apple II computer The Apple II remains active acting as an I O processor providing access to its keyboard mouse joystick and drives to Linux running on the Raspberry Pi GSport an Apple IIgs emulator running on the Raspberry Pi under Linux has access to the physical Apple II peripherals while outputting digital video on the Raspberry Pi s HDMI port optionally the Pi s composite video output GSport can emulate a maxed out Apple IIgs running at about 20 MHz and 8 MB RAM The Apple II Pi s operating system is Raspbian a port of Debian an industrial strength modern Linux distribution for the Raspberry Pi Apple II Pi is a very sophisticated product It can be as complicated as you want it to be or as easy as you want and willing to buy Your dealer will have options available from a plug in turn key system to a build it yourself kit You will have to become somewhat familiar with Linux even if it is just the log in procedure But the more you invest the more you will get out of your Apple II Pi The Apple II Pi can run the full suite of Raspbian software packages available for free including web browsers mail c
5. Apple II Pi Updated Debian Linux of which Raspbian is a port of is known for it s powerful package system that makes installing software and maintaining your system very easy Whenever you want to update your system issue the commands from Step 2 1 sudo apt get update sudo apt get upgrade This will install all available updates When upgrading the a2pi package the Apple II keyboard may become unresponsive press Ctrl Reset to re establish communication between the client and server If you find an update to the Apple II Pi boot floppy you can easily overwrite the floppy in drive 1 slot 6 with this command dskwrite usr share a2pi A2PI x y PO x y represent the current version i e 1 2 Label your floppy disk so you know what version it is You will be prompted to overwrite the existing volume respond with y Afterward you will also need to re run the CONFIG program to set the slot for the Apple II Pi adapter Exit the Apple II client with Open Apple Solid Apple Delete key combination Type run config Enter the slot 7 Then to re connect to the Apple II Pi server run startup There shouldn t be many updates to the boot floppy Troubleshooting Hmmm that didn t work Hopefully you had no problem getting the Apple II Pi working But if you did here are a few things to try e Did the Apple II turn on Although the Raspberry Pi is a very low power computer there is a chance it could overwhelm a fully loaded App
6. The a2joy driver works with Apple II Pi and the Linux input subsystem to provide joystick events to applications The a2joy driver can be set up to automatically start when the computer boots or manually run before GSport is started To run manually type sudo a2joy from the command line The a2joy driver runs constantly in the background to poll the joystick It is very low overhead but if you need every cycle the Pi provides you may kill the driver after running GSport with sudo killall a2joy To get GSport to use the native Linux joystick enter the GSport Configuration Panel with F 4 SolidApple 4 go to the joystick configuration and select Native Joystick 1 Apple Il storage media Another exciting feature of the Apple II Pi is access to the underlying Apple II storage media from Linux To facilitate the access from GSport raw device files that look like normal Linux files but in actuality map to the physical devices underneath are made available GSport can use the raw device files to gain access to the physical media although with a performance hit it is after all running on real Apple II hardware at 1 MHz GSport can be configured to use files for different disk mappings through the config txt file or through the F 4 Configuration Panel There is no requirement that Apple II Pi devices have to mapped to the same GSport slot drive device The FUSE driver has an option to make the raw device files write able by default they are read
7. accccncscscccnsscnserccsssnensnccnesnnncscecnerescamasaeennenesnnnnndaetecceneses 15 PTOI eege EE dee Ee E E 15 El FE 15 Development Too0ls 2552552523222s222n52323 2 433a SRRARRRAXRRERRAREESARRSASSSASEAZRESRGRRAREEE 15 Dioad 15 epe T r 16 Floppy Disk Image Tools sseeesseseseeennnanne ena ENEE EE REENEN ENEE EEN 16 acido MH T E 16 egi m 16 Supplemental Files 1 1a55555 nana anuauuai usua aaa ERRRaRXSERSRRRRRRRRRARSSRRRRRSESRRRRARA 17 DIDIEGITIEIEIS dee EE 17 PPS MME cad ee 17 rq iid Miina eege dee EAKA AEAEE KEE N a 17 EE 17 le ee e E 17 Re Ee e ln DEE 18 EE T UNT 18 Mounting ProDOS devices automatically eee nenne 20 Creating a Special Apple IQS User eeeeeeeeeeee eene nnn nn nnn nnn 21 Step 1 Create user apple2 cente tod nete kae i rex NENNEN YR e ER I Yn tere 21 Step2nlnstall Ee 22 E Create l gin Scripti oan koe a oco EE ai eo D erc ec d 22 Modification for Composite Output sek RREE NENNEN ERR nnn nnn 23 Part I Installation These instructions will lead you through setting up the Raspberry Pi to connect with your Apple II This is a multi step process make sure you follow the instructions closely It mi
8. akes your choice any easier Slot 7 probably has the least clearance issues though Step 4 Installing the Apple II Pi adapter card Connect the Raspberry Pi to the Apple II Pi adapter card with the GPIO header If you received a PCB standoff to further solidify the Raspberry Pi lt gt adapter card connection insert it first into the adapter card Very carefully align the GPIO header pins with the adapter card header and firmly press together Make sure the standoff inserts into the hole in the Raspberry Pi Double check that the GPIO pins are all inserted into the header properly no pins should be exposed Connect the HDMI adapter or cable with built in adapter to the HDMI port on the Raspberry Pi Make sure the slot selected in the CONFIG program is clear of other cables and carefully maneuver the Apple II Pi into the slot When pressing the card into the slot press on the adapter card not the Raspberry Pi itself Make sure the HDMI adapter cable has clearance around the front of the slot Connect the HDMI cable to the adapter Run the cable underneath any other expansion cards out one side or the other Some HDMI cable plugs are a tight fit through the access panels in the back of the Apple II Find the best fit but you may have to shave the plug down somewhat to allow it to exit the Apple II case Connect the Ethernet cable if needed or USB extension cable for Wi Fi dongle I have found the RFI shielding inside the Apple II case severely re
9. assumed brun Like bload brun will load the binary file but will also jump to the loading address Run as brun lt filename gt lt address gt IP addr Floppy Disk Image Tools Getting floppy disk image files to and from actual floppy drives has been greatly simplified with the wonderful tools like ADTPro For most sophisticated image transfer applications use something lie ADTPro However when something cheap quick and dirty will suffice these two tools can make fast work of reading or writing disk images Both of these tools only work on a 51 4 floppy drive in drive 1 of slot 6 The only image format they support is the ProDOS order PO dskread dskread will read the disk in the floppy drive and create a disk image using the volume name on the floppy for the filename If the disk volume is HELLO HELLO PO is the name of the resulting disk image file Run as dskread IP addr dskwrite Simple just like dskread Run as dskwrite filename IP addr It will prompt you to overwrite the current volume name Y or y will proceed and the floppy will be written Supplemental Files These files are available under usr share a2pi and can either be compiled or work with the installed tools to demonstrate their function bintomon Converting a binary file to a monitor input format can be accomplished with bintomon The command is run as bintomon hex address filename IP addr standard output can be re
10. ble USB mouse can be plugged into the Raspberry Pi The USB mouse won t be available to the Apple II but Linux and the GSport emulator will see it and use it Gameport Input Any Apple II gameport device can show up as a Linux device using one of the following drivers These drivers can be loaded by hand using the command sudo driver with lt driver gt being one of the three following a2joy Any Apple II game port device can show up as a regular Linux joystick with the a2joy driver There is an additional X server rule installed by the a2pi package to make sure joysticks don t get used as mouse control when running the X server a2joymou You can use the joystick to control the mouse with the a2joymou driver The default mouse button is connected to button 0 However because the joystick buttons share the same circuitry as the OpenApple and ClosedApple keys the sequence to get the RIGHT BTTN mouse click you must first depress button 1 then depress button 0 button 1 modifies button 0 This removes the confusion of using the keyboard Fn x keys popping up right click menus a2joypad The remaining driver a2joypad is a poorly tested driver for Koala Pad type devices It will attempt to make a track pad out of it My Koala Pad like device is not working well so YMMV If previous Apple II Pi joystick driver is running it should be stopped with sudo killall driver A joystick driver can be made to load automatically a
11. continue to Step 2 1 Option 2 Download pre configured Apple II Pi image Download the pre configured image from TBD and copy the image to your SD card http elinux org RPI_Easy SD Card Setup Insert the SD card into the Raspberry Pi and continue to Step 2 1 Option 3 Download official Raspbian image and setup This is the most involved but most flexible option First download the official Raspbian image from the Raspberry Pi Foundation http www raspberrypi org downloads and copy to your SD card http elinux org RPI Easy SD Card Setup Insert the SD card and boot the Raspberry Pi The initial boot will automatically run raspi config the Raspberry Pi configuration program http elinux org RPi_raspi config Once you have configured Raspbian expanded the file system and reboot login as the default user pi password raspberry Download and install the Apple II Pi package using the following commands wget schmenk is a geek com tarfiles a2pi armhf deb sudo dpkg i a2pi armhf deb An additional package is required for the GSport emulator running in the X GUI Install it with sudo apt get install xfonts base Once the packages have been installed it s time to update all the packages available Continue to Step 2 1 Step 2 1 Apple II Pi Update and Upgrade Debian is well known for its solid packaging system to manage software packages You will do this whenever you want to get your system up to date including no
12. directed to save the formatted text or piped into a2mon merlin2text If you develop on the Apple I most likely you have had experience with the MERLIN assembler Great assembler for small projects but it uses a high ASCII format and spaces instead of tabs This quick utility quickly reformats the MERLIN text into a unix palatable text file for your favorite editor Run as merlin2text lt lt prodosfile gt gt lt unixfile gt text2merlin Reverses the process above to put the text file back on to ProDOS media text2merlin lt lt unixfile gt gt lt prodosfile gt a2libc All the tools include a2lib c as a very poor cheesy horrible etc way to implement the Apple II Pi daemon API Only useful if you are looking to write your own tool or modify the code of the existing tools a2slideshow mon Use with a2mon as a2mon a2slideshow mon Press ESC to leave the slideshow The slideshow is displayed on the Apple II screen not the Pis s screen a2slideshow bin Use with brun as brun a2slideshow bin 0x2000 Press ESC to leave the slideshow The slideshow is displayed on the Apple II screen not the Pis s screen execfile Use with a2term as a2term execfil Watch it automate AppleSoft Part VII Advanced Configuration These are advanced configuration tasks that require some level of understanding of Linux These additions will already be made to the pre configured Raspbian image but for the do it you
13. es to aid editing Do NOT leave AppleSoft BASIC or the mouse and keyboard will be disconnected from Apple II Pi and you will have to re start BASIC SYSTEM from the A2PI boot disk If you run a program that doesn t do any screen or keyboard I O you will see that your mouse and keyboard are no longer responsive Apple II Pi relies on the screen and keyboard I O hooks to provide the co operative tasking between Apple II programs and Pi input events CONTROL C will usually break into an AppleSoft program may take a few tries but machine code that isn t responding will require a press of CONTROL RESET Not to worry Apple II Pi will re sync and return to BASIC assuming memory hasn t been overwritten In drastic cases an Apple II reboot may be necessary The Apple II Pi will re sync and you may continue on Run as a2term IP addr Development Tools Apple II Pi really shines as a development environment for the Apple II To aid in the rapid development process these tools were created to test binaries created in the Pi s native environment on the actual Apple II bload bload will read a file from the Linux filesystem and copy it into the Apple II memory at the address specified Apple II Pi incorporated a relatively fast communications channel so this operation is about as fast as reading from the floppy Run as bload lt filename gt lt address gt IP addr Hexadecimal addresses are entered in 0x format otherwise decimal addresses are
14. ght help to read through the steps before attempting it live If you feel uncomfortable with any of the steps or need further clarification email me at dschmenk gmail com I will try my best to answer your question s about the installation process But be forewarned this is a sophisticated product and will require some amount of technical expertise with the Apple II and especially the Raspberry Pi running Linux Step 1 Identifying the parts You should have in your possession a Model A or Model B Raspberry Pi computer The Apple II Pi adapter card labeled as such at the top is the connection between the Raspberry Pi and the Apple II It provides power and communications channel between the two The Apple II Pi card has a female header at the top where the Raspberry Pi s GPIO header plugs in The orientation is such that the USB ports stick out the front the SD card sticks out the back over the top of the chips on the adapter card and the HDMI port is at the bottom Refer to the following picture for clarification Note that the composite video port and the audio headphone jack are oriented upwards Due to the limited space inside the Apple II case these ports are inaccessible without additional hardware modification The HDMI port oriented at the bottom requires a 90 or 270 degree adapter for access Some HDMI cables can be bought with this angle built in and tend to have more clearance than just the adapter Depending on the slot you wa
15. le II Triple check that the Raspberry Pi is plugged into the header correctly Then try removing everything except the Apple II Pi adapter card and the floppy controller card If is still doesn t turn on try removing the Apple II Pi card If it does turn on remove the Raspberry Pi from the adapter card and try the empty adapter card If it still doesn t turn on the adapter card may be defective Call your dealer If the Apple II won t boot with the Raspberry Pi properly connected your power supply may be on the edge and need replacing e Did the Pi turn on Triple check that the Pi is properly connected to the header on the adapter card Is the SD card firmly connected If it still doesn t turn on remove it and try it with a wall wart adapter that is known to work Does it work with the wall wart adapter If so your Apple II power supply may be on the edge and need replacement e Did the Pi turn on but no video Have you tried the monitort cable angle adapter before with the Pi If it worked earlier check all the connections when it s inserted into the Apple II Some DVI monitors need a boost setting that can be found in the boot config txt file e Did both turn on but no connection beep Is the Apple II sitting there with a spinner icon in the corner This is probably because the Apple II client code is looking in the wrong slot for the Apple II Pi adapter card Press any key to exit the Apple II client and type run config to run the Ap
16. lients powerful office productivity applications and a full spectrum of programming tools And of course you will have almost every Apple II application and game available using your real Apple II hardware This manual will take you through the steps to install and access the features of the Apple II Pi However many of the capabilities of the Raspberry Pi and Linux are beyond the scope of this manual You are encouraged to use the links at the end of this manual Internet resources and even your local library to learn more about the technology and features included with the Apple II Pi Table of Contents Part I Installatlon isiaesssanuhassaasankaR RRRRRRRRERSRRXGGGEGXRGARARERRRRRARRRZRRARGGARANE 3 Step 1 Identifying the parts seent ENREENEESEEERE ENER ENESKSEENE ENEE EOEN ENER RENE EN NEE 3 Step 2 Raspberry Pi Raspbian Setup ccceeeeeseeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeaes 3 Step 2 1 Apple II Pi Update and Upgrade eee nnn nnn 4 Step 3 Apple Il Setup ssouscs urna sana ERARRENEXRESERERANNKSEEEREESSEEEERRENANAEN ERKENNEN KA 5 Step 3 1 Apple II configuration esseeesseseeee nennen nnn n nnn n ununi 5 Step 4 Installing the Apple II Pi adapter card eene 5 Step 5 Booting Hpssgoes gege g e eege aere ge ENEE ENEE EE RR ON EKUSERU ME MM 5 Step 6 Keeping Apple II Pi Updatede sssssssussussuunsnuununnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnn 6 Troubleshooting Hmm
17. m that didn t WOrK sssssssssssssssnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnn 7 Part Il Client Server Start Up ius252234x5525 dus YRdnEERSE ER SEE DR VEEEEEE PERF F LEER NS 8 ov 8 SP 8 Part Ill User IN PUb geggasegesee aue YaREEEEENKESERZEERRRXEREEERREEFRARDEMEEEREN ENEE EE NEN 9 Keyboard InpUt iasaisoiasausuuuau inui ES EE ERR SEEESEE ER EE EEEEEER EE EER EE EEN ER E EE EE AER ERR Se 9 Keyboard ee e EE 9 Mouse My E 10 Gameport Jee ege gees ge E EES ENEE RENE EE ESE EE R eEERR E BR EE ES EE EE 10 E ees Fe TEC gaan Ete cect ee tee A ince eee 10 e En e tr M 10 ZO YD KEE 10 Part IV FUSE ProDOS drlvert exnekuENkSNRENKERERREERERR KREE ENENEEEREEREREKERKKKERERREN 11 LTE mee UEM 11 Paiste mt 11 fusermoUDnt iiiioiiiuaaisnsaksauan isa nR R3 SR RRRRXAREARRARSRSARERRRARIRARARARRRSRRARISARAR ARS ARRARAR 12 Part V GSport Apple IlgsS Emulator eeeeeeeeee enne nnne 13 Keyboard InpUtE iisiiasoissiuasnasakas EeREKE EE RER REE EEN EEN E EE EEEN SEN EAR SE ER ES EE REF EE ERC RER 13 Joystick Ip geen age Age eg Ske gg EN KSE EENS RERNNN EE Niege E MEA E ERE EXE SNE EN NEEN Hee 13 Apple ll storage medhazssusensseugargeen ges eeg uggENESEE EEN NEES NEEN EE ESEER KEREN EEEE seen 13 Part VI TOOIS ssiiitcctnsoniicieinGicatseeseonsaaikewewssbeantidiawiedweiuaesisctieesietnands 15 Interactive Tool
18. monitor format or just change a few bytes of memory Calling code in RAM or ROM is simple There is a concept of current address To specify an address just enter it first on the command line To change memory contents enter a colon either after a specific address or by it self to use the current address followed by the bytes separated by spaces Reading a range of memory involves specifying two address separated by a period To begin execution of code run at a specific address or current address type r Finally q will quit the session and return Run as a2mon IP addr a2term Probably the most interesting of the tools a2term connects the Linux console to the Apple II console a2term connects to the Apple II running ProDOS BASIC This is roughly equivalent to using an old serial terminal connected to a Super Serial Card and issuing commands to redirect the keyboard and screen I O hooks AppleSoft programs ProDOS commands and Monitor commands are all available Like a2mon the input and output can be redirected to files for automated keyboard input and output capture similar to running the EXEC command from ProDOS and DOS 3 3 To quit use the ESC Q sequence To send an actual ESC character press ESC twice The DELETE key has been remapped to BACKSPACE for convenience There are some limitations that have to be followed The screen editing cursor movement keys are not available As mentioned before the DELETE key now backspac
19. nt to plug your Apple II Pi in to the 90 or 270 degree adapter will provide the access to the HDMI port and clear the motherboard standoffs If your monitor only has a DVI connection you will need either a HDMI e DVI cable or HDMI DVI adapter All of these cables and adapters can easily be found on Amazon com links in Appendix Refer to the following pictures to see which adapter cable you need for your installation Ei lt ri e 5 2 o E E Gi E PE TIERS f y A 90 degree HDMI adapter 270 degree HDMI cable The USB and Ethernet on Model B Pi ports are easily accessed at the front end of the card Step 2 Raspberry Pi Raspbian Setup Raspbian is the Debian Linux distribution customized for the Raspberry Pi Basic knowledge of Debian Linux is required for the successful installation and operation of the Apple II Pi Refer to the Appendix for links to helpful sites if needed It is easiest but not required to set up the Raspberry Pi outside the Apple II You will need a USB keyboard and mouse to set up Raspbian as well as the monitor cable angle adapter you plan on using when installed in the Apple II You can of course setup the Raspberry Pi inside the Apple II but the Apple II keyboard and mouse won t be available until after the installation is complete Option 1 Purchase pre configured SD card from dealer This is by far the easiest option Insert the pre configured SD card into the Raspberry Pi and
20. ple II Pi configuration program Double check the slot assignment for the Apple II Pi adapter card and enter the value It will be saved Type run startup to establish communication with the Raspberry Pi If this still doesn t work you may have a defective adapter card or Raspberry Pi Call your dealer Everything connects but the keyboard is erratic Don t forget you are using a 30 year old keyboard It may need some cleaning or use to remove oxidation from the key switches There are many resources on how to clean an Apple II keyboard but pressing the troublesome key a few hundred times might just clear it up Part Il Client Server Start up The Apple II Pi computer runs as two parts the Apple II s 6502 processor is running a special device driver under BASIC in ProDOS This device driver send keyboard and mouse events to a special background process running in Linux on the Raspberry Pi known as a daemon accepts the input events from the Apple II and inserts them into the Linux input subsystem where they are made available to applications This daemon can also receive command requests from other Linux tasks and pass them down to the 6502 on the Apple II Memory ranges on the Apple II can be read and written as well as control passed to routines on the Apple II The protocol to pass control back and forth between the Apple II and Raspberry Pi was carefully designed to be robust and efficient This protocol and the interface for external tasks
21. pple is mapped to the ALT Alternate key SolidApple Option is used as a FN Function modifier key Key Alone FN Home EE End T T PgUp l 1 PgDown Tab Tab Insert 1 1 F1 2 2 F2 3 3 F3 4 4 F4 5 5 F5 6 6 F6 7 7 F7 8 8 F8 9 9 F9 0 0 F10 F11 F12 Delete BackSpace Delete Escape Escape Ctrl Escape Return Enter LineFeed Two special key sequences have a backdoor function for Apple II Pi OpenApple SolidApple Delete will exit the Apple II client code returning keyboard control back to the Apple II If you want to resume interaction with the Linux daemon you can either re run the A2PI STARTUP program or reboot the A2PI floppy The other key sequence Control Reset will re establish the connection between the client and server If ever the Apple II keyboard becomes disconnected with the Raspberry Pi Control Reset should fix it If the keyboard is still not responsive one or both of the Apple II and Raspberry Pi may need to be rebooted There is no requirement to use the Apple II keyboard Simply plug any compatible USB keyboard into the Raspberry Pi they will both be active simultaneously Mouse Input The Apple II mouse if connected will show up as a standard Linux mouse The OpenApple key can modify the single mouse button to return RIGHT BTTN and the SolidApple key can modify the mouse button to return MIDDLE BTTN If you don t have or don t want to use an Apple II mouse any compati
22. r further information Keyboard Input Although it appears you are using an Apple II keyboard on an Apple II in reality you are using a Linux keyboard that just so happens to be an Apple II keyboard on a GS emulator running in Linux To make the Apple II keyboard useable under Linux some of the key functions are different than when used as just a Apple II The mappings are mostly the same but a few of the differences are noted below The Delete key has been mapped to BACKSPACE for Linux To get the expected DELETE key function under GSport use the SolidApple DELETE to get the 7F DEL character The OpenApple key is mapped to ALT which GSPort maps back to OpenApple so most operations that use OpenApple should work as expected The SolidApple key is mapped to a Function key modifier GSport will map F2 to SolidApple Option which is SolidApple 2 on the Apple II Pi keyboard The Apple IIgs has a Control Panel that is accessed with OpenApple CONTROL ESC To get this to work under GSport and Apple II Pi the sequence OpenApple SolidApple ESC is substituted to get the Control Panel to open Joystick Input When running the full screen frame buffer GSport emulator the only way to cleanly exit the emulator is with SHIFT F10 SolidApple SHIFT 0 It is very exciting to be able to provide a Linux joystick driver for Apple II joysticks The Apple II joystick will operate under GSport exactly like it does when running on Apple II hardware
23. rselfer or just curious they are presented here Loading joystick driver at boot time The joystick driver can be made to automatically load at boot time by updating the default etc rc local file to add the a2joy line bin sh e rc local This script is executed at the end of each multiuser runlevel Make sure that the script will exit 0 on success or any other value on error In order to enable or disable this script just change the execution bits By default this script does nothing Print the IP address IP hostname I true if IP then printf My IP address is s n IP fi Load Apple II Pi joystick driver a2joy exit 0 Mounting ProDOS devices automatically The ProDOS devices can set up to automatically mount when logging in First create the directory to mount the devices under This example will use the prodos directory Type this mkdir prodos There will be a prodos directory created in the home directory of the account currently logged in Edit the bash scripts that run when logging in or out to automate the mount process In the home directory of your account bash login if e prodos s6dl po then a2mount prodos fi This script is run whenever a log in shell is loaded It first checks for a file that is present if the ProDOS devices are already mounted If it
24. stricts the range of the Wi Fi dongles so a USB extension cable to move the dongle external to the Apple II case is required Once installed it should look like this slot 7 Insert the other end of the HDMI cable into an appropriate monitor Another option is to use an HDMI DVI cable or adapter in order to use a dedicated computer monitor Older 4 3 aspect ratio monitors may have a more appealing aesthetic with the Apple II than newer wide screen monitor TVs and most of them are DVI only Step 5 Booting Up Insert the boot floppy into drive 1 and turn on the Apple II The Apple II should start its floppy boot sequence and the Raspberry Pi should identify the digital monitor and display its boot process Sometime into the boot process if all is OK the Apple II will beep when it established communication with the Raspberry Pi Welcome to the Apple II Pi You can login using the Apple II keyboard and navigate the X Desktop with the Apple II mouse if you have one If you don t have an Apple II mouse or prefer a USB mouse plug it in to the USB port on the Raspberry Pi Both mice can be active simultaneously Ditto for the keyboard plug in a USB keyboard if you want to supplement the Apple II keyboard which lacks many modern keys Continue on to the rest of the Apple II Pi documentation to see how you can interact with your Apple II devices and use the GSport emulator to turn your Apple II into the ultimate IIgs upgrade Step 6 Keeping
25. t boot time by inserting the driver into the etc rc local file Part IV FUSE ProDOS driver The FUSE driver File system in User SpacE for Apple II Pi works closely with the Apple II environment to reflect the FUSE operation into a ProDOS MLI call The FUSE driver knows very little about the details of ProDOS ProDOS itself does most of the work so that compatibility is guaranteed fusea2pi fusea2pi is the actual FUSE device driver At start up it calls the ProDOS on line function to retrieve all the ProDOS volumes available to the Apple II fusea2pi then makes a directory for each volume named after the volume In addition each volume is made available as a raw device file named after it s position in the ProDOS device table The two default 5 4 drives in slot 6 are always made available for non ProDOS format floppies that can still be accessed in a raw mode This way volumes can be easily backed up copied elsewhere and emulators can have access to the physical media ProDOS file names are munged in the same way that CiderPress attaches the meta information type and aux to the end of the file name separated by Also file names are displayed in upper case The decision to munge the file names in this was it in order to make a very visual distinction between the ProDOS files and regular nix files The driver can run directly but the helper script a2mount is the recommended way to mount ProDOS volumes Run as fusea2pi moun
26. t point fuse options rw The last option must be last is a fusea2pi only option which allows the raw device files to be write able By default they are read only It can be potentially dangerous to write to the raw device while Linux accesses the mounted file system If an emulator is going to be writing to the raw device files it is best to leave the mounted file system alone until the emulator is exited a2mount The a2mount script calls the fusea2pi and fills in some additional parameters to give your user name the ownership of the files This is the preferred way to call fusea2pi It can accept up to two parameters one is the mount point the second is the option rw argument to make the raw device files write able Run as a2mount mount point rw fusermount To unmount the ProDOS file system call the FUSE command as fusermount u mount point Any additional users which should have the ability to mount the ProDOS devices need to be added to the fuse group with the following command sudo addgroup username fuse Part V GSport Apple Ilgs Emulator This section describes the GSport GS emulator enhanced functions for usage with Apple II Pi There are two options for running GSport If you want a full screen immersive experience the gsportfb emulator is run from the console When running the X GUI the gsportx emulator is run in a window alongside other X applications See http gsport sourceforge net fo
27. te login script bash login if e prodos s6dl po then a2mount prodos gsportfb fusermount u prodos sudo halt tn If you want to apple2 user to be able to shutdown without entering in a password add this to the end of the etc sudoers file apple2 ALL ALL NOPASSWD ALL Log out and you can now log in as pi for normal usage or apple2 for instant emulator Modification for Composite Output As configured the Raspberry Pi has no clearance for the composite and headphone jacks at the top of the board when the Apple II case is closed A video cable can be cut at one end and soldered to the Raspberry Pi composite jack itself to bring the composite signal out of the case to a monitor TV This modification will void your Raspberry Pi warranty do at your own risk 9 i Anion lI Di o 5o5 o5eomeoeooccocoec 9 ooennneeeepenp 03909 So bia 48 m a Cal gt O les ADKCE MCI 94V 0 F1 9 x o o p c LI E x c o E t o D TULIT Appendix Raspberry Pi Raspbian resources Raspberry Pi Foundation http www raspberrypi org Raspberry Pi Wiki http elinux org RPi Hub Basic Setup http elinux org RP1 Hardware Basic Setup Installing Software http elinux org RPi BeginnersZInstalling and updating software to your Raspberry Pi Debian Operating System http www debian org HDMI Cable Adapters 90 Degree Adapter http www ama
28. w Enter these commands sudo apt get update sudo apt get upgrade If there is an update for the Apple II Pi package you may get a message about it being from an untrusted or unverified source Go ahead and install it I really am pretty trustworthy Step 3 Apple II Setup The other half of the Apple II Pi equation is the software that runs on the Apple II itself This is the boot floppy that you will start your Apple II from If you have a different boot media you can move the files over to that device for booting as long as it is ProDOS based ProDOS 1 9 is on the floppy compatible with all Apple IIe s and later models Option 1 Purchase boot floppy from dealer This is the easiest way to get a boot floppy Proceed to Step 3 1 Option 2 Create boot floppy from disk image Installed from the a2pi package usr share a2pi A2PI x y PO x y represent the current version i e 1 2 is a ProDOS image of the 51 4 boot floppy There are a number of ways to create a physical floppy image but the easiest is probably ADTPro http adtpro sourceforge net Once the floppy image has been written to a physical floppy continue to Step 3 1 Step 3 1 Apple II configuration On the boot floppy is a program CONFIG If you plan on installing your Apple II Pi in a slot other than 7 or on a system containing a Super Serial Card you must run this program to set the slot number The Apple II Pi adapter card will run just fine in slot 3 if that m
29. zon com s ref nb sb noss 1 url search alias aps amp field keywords hdmi 90 degree adapter amp rh i aps k hdmit 90 degreet adapter 270 Degree Adapter http www amazon com s ref nb_sb_noss_1 url search alias aps amp field keywords hdmit 90 degree tadapter amp rh i aps k hdmi 90 degree adapter HDMI e DVI Adapter http www amazon com s ref nb_sb_noss_1 url search alias aps amp field keywords hdmi DVI adapter amp rh i aps k hdmi D VI adapter HDMI DVI Cable http www amazon com s ref nb_sb_noss_1 url search alias aps amp field keywords hdmit tDVI cable amp rh i aps k hdmi DVI cable HDMI Angle Cable http www amazon com s ref nb_sb_noss_2 url search alias aps amp field keywords hdmi angle cable amp rh i aps k hdmitangle cable Cleaning the Apple II Keyboard Apple II FAQ input devices http www faqs org fags apple2 faq part15 Mike s Apple II pages http www willegal net appleii appleii keyboard htm
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