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Manual - VTP UP

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1. 15 Interconnection of Units 5 ere eee ae Ree ak eee a a Se ee ee es 15 Interconnection Scheme KEYA LOS Tio ott Rt ERFORDERN EPA EN E PEE reed 16 Testing the communication with computer neesiet i n a a nenne enne enne en nhnt tenter tentent E nan trennen nee 17 Testing the magnetic environment ssesssssssssseseeeeeeeen eene ene nneeteee trennen reet nest ene enne enne nter eter trees 19 MEASURING OF AMS USING PROGRAM SUFAM sees nenne enne enne rennen nennen nennen 21 Purpose ioter pe tur HERR BE Des ENARRARE 21 RUNING PLO SPAM amnre E E 21 MEASURING MENU OF SUFAM 0 inet ioo Lea ee ba Lee eb od LER eL ia Lee eoa LANE eoo ERR eo EERE Lea eda LER eb ad Duet 22 Function Key 1 IS dir Sia i ient ei SEs ee atheist en eee ees 22 Measuring positions of the specimen SUFAM sseseeeeseeeneneeeeenen eene nennen nennen rennen enne 23 Function Key 2 Corr Sufa i tne phe RERO a 25 Function Key 5 Erval Sufani iere Atte 25 Function Key 6 ActVol Sufa iesistie ens enire eene enne enne teen rennen innen e nnne entente enne enne 30 Function Key 7 Help Sutam a uoo aeo ORE RP ARRA HORT RR 30 Eunction Key 9 Kill Sutam u diee oco ee cime pee is 30 Function Key I0 Aux Sufam e dep tin 30 MEASURING OF AMS USING PROGRAM SUFAR cccococccccococcnonononcnonononnnccnnnnnc cono nono ener 3l lus HU ETE 31 Runn
2. NJC8 1 ANISOTROPY OF SUSCEPTIBILITY Program SUFAM ver 1 0 KKKKKK Azi 30 O P 12 0 3 90 Nom vol 10 00 Dip 60 Demag fac NO Holder 5 15E 06 Act vol 8 00 Th F1 L1 T2 F2 L2 CD 100 20 30 40 SO 140 60 70 80 Field Mean Standard Tests for anisotropy A m susc err F F12 F23 300 199 2E 06 0 22 271 2 33 9 363 7 Normed principal 95 confidence angles susceptibilities E12 E23 E13 1 0323 1 0139 0 9537 10 1 SL 2 4 0 0014 0 0014 0 0014 Anisotropy factors principal values positive L B P UB T U Q E 1 018 1 063 1 082 1 087 0 546 0 532 0 265 1 044 Principal directions Normed tensor Specimen D 241 76 344 0 959 0115 1 0294 system I 4 3 85 0 0166 0 0041 0 0080 Geograph D 164 278 13 0 9695 0117 0188 system I 63 11 24 0 0119 0 0029 0 0288 Paleo 1 D 127 264 8 0 9654 0176 0169 system E 5l S 21 0 0162 0 0094 0 0074 Tecto 1 D 187 324 68 1 0141 0 9690 0169 system I 51 31 21 0 0173 0 0211 0 0151 Paleo 2 D 91 187 356 0 9818 1 0320 0 9862 system I 5 47 43 0 0018 0 0036 0 0368 Tecto 2 D 111 207 16 0 9865 1 O27 3 0 9862 system I 5 47 43 0 0126 0 0072 0 0294 r The data page can be left by pressing ESC key 30 Function Key 6 ActVol Sufam This procedure serves for inputting the actual volume of the measured specimen If all the specimens measured in a particular collection h
3. Output to printer Y N lt CR gt NO These questions concern the calculated data which appear later on the screen They can be written to the file on the disk and or on the paper using the line printer If they are written on the disk they are written as an ASCII file in the same format as they appear on the screen later they can be re printed on the paper if necessary The extension of this file is ASC and the file is located in the same directory as the standard AMS file After measuring the second or later specimen only the question for the specimen name appears on the screen The data are handled in the same way as those of the first specimen If one wishes to change the file one inputs instead of the specimen name and the inputting is made as in the first specimen 27 Then the calculated data are shown on the screen in the form whose example is shown on the next page The meaning of the presented results is as follows AZi first orientation angle mostly azimuth of the dip or strike of the fiducial mark on the specimen Dip second orientation angle dip of the fiducial mark or plunge of the cylinder axis O P orientation parameters see the section OrPar Nom vol nominal volume of the used pick up unit mostly 10cm Act vol the volume of the specimen measured in cm Demag fac information whether the demagnetizing factor of the specimen was considered in the calculation of the mean susceptibility Holder su
4. foliation LINE2 trend and plunge of the 2 lineation FREE four characters free string 1 values from 0 degrees to 360 degrees values from 0 degrees to 180 degrees values from 0 degrees to 90 degrees for the reason of compatibility with the AMS file only 2 characters are recommended to be used 56 Note The orientation of mesoscopic foliation should be measured in terms of azimuth of dip and dip or strike and dip and this is indicated by the orientation parameter P4 see the section Orientation Parameters The azimuth of dip or strike should be measured as angles ranging from 0 to 360 degrees not from zero to 180 degrees and they are recorded in the geological data file as measured However in the standard anisotropy file they are recorded in terms of azimuth of the dip and dip This is made automatically when the anisotropy is measured on line or the anisotropy is measured in the specimen coordinate system and later transformed into the geographical coordinate system using the program EFILE function 8 and this must be kept in mind in the case of manual creation of the anisotropy data file Selection of Coordinate Systems The orientations of magnetic foliation and magnetic lineation can be presented not only in the standard geographical coordinate system but also in the so called palaeo geographical system after rotation of the mesoscopic foliation under consideration into the horizontal position about the corresponding lin
5. C 240 230 120 100 V 10 50 60 Hz 350 VA 260 mm x 160 mmx 250mm 9kg 380 mmx 380 mmx 700mm _ 2kg 32mmx 32mmx 140mm 1kg 66 Cryostat diameter 60 mm length 220 mm 0 5 kg Argon gas flow requirement protect atmosphere approx 100 ml min Amount of liquid nitrogen cooling cryostat approx 0 5 for one cooling Argon gas flow requirement deplenishing cryostat approx 201 min for about 10 s Installing and Operating the CS 3 CS L Furnace For connection of the CS 3 CS L to the Kappabridge KLY 4S follow the Interconnection Scheme KLY 4 CS 3 see Chapter Installation Procedures in Manual Part 1 Kapabridge KLY 4 KLY 45 The power for heating the furnace is connected through two wire cables fixed by two screws The heating wire itself is made of platinum bifillar winding The specimen vessel the heating tube and the insulation tube are made from silicon glass while the furnace outer tube is made from perspex The temperature insulation of the furnace consists of a layer of Al Os powder and a layer of cooling water respectively Temperature Sensor N S Thermometer is special platinum sensor whose resistance depends on temperature Thermometer is connected to the system by 9 pin connector the same as used for the rotator of the KLY 4S If you connect the thermometer and or rotator be sure the Kappabridge is off The sensor and the silicon glass pipe are very fragile For this reason a very car
6. C min before point of changing heating rate on heating curve and after point of changing on cooling curve and approx 8 C min after point of changing on heating curve and before point on cooling curve It is recommended to set the temperature point at least 50 to 100 C bellow expected Curie temperature This option accelerates the measurement in case you are interested in particular Curie temperature Remark If you set the temperature point of changing heating rate only 30 to 20 C below max temperature you can measure all the curve with maximum heating and cooling rate very fast approx 40 min for all curve up to 700 C This can be used e g for empty furnace measurement or for brief testing purposes The option heating rate 4 is not saved in config file SUFTE SAV it must be set before each measurement exclusively 700 2 o 600 3 s 500 amp 400 5 gg 300 200 i Heat4 199 change point 480 C 0 0 3000 6000 9000 12000 Time s The key F4 controls the time of the thermal treatment of the specimen at the maximum temperature The default value 0 means that the temperature immediately after reaching the maximum temperature set by the F1 key starts decreasing If longer heating at the maximum temperature is needed it must be set using the key F4 However the thermal treatment at the maximum temperature cannot be set longer than 20 min 73 z The key F6 sets the field After pressing the key the re
7. 9 60 28 0 0254 0 0124 0 0028 Paleo 1 D 34 152 284 0153 0 9890 0 9957 system T 26 44 35 0 0162 0 0194 0 0074 Tecto 1 D 94 212 344 0 9815 1 0228 0 9957 system I 26 44 35 0 0033 0 0161 0 0131 Paleo 2 D 229 42 133 0 9878 0 9868 1 0254 system I 67 23 2 0 0160 0 0095 0 0068 Tecto 2 D 249 62 153 0 9774 0 9972 1 0254 system I 67 23 2 0 0126 0 0112 0 0031 t The data page can be left by pressing ESC key 41 Function Key 6 ActVol Sufar This procedure serves for inputting the actual volume of the measured specimen If all the specimens measured in a particular collection have the same volume it is sufficient to input this volume only once If the volume varies from specimen to specimen it is necessary before or after the measurement of each specimen but at least before the evaluation of the measured data to input the correct volume of the measured specimen a After starting this procedure the volume written in the configuration file appears on the screen in the following form Actual volume ccm 10 Any changes Y N If the volume of the measured specimen is the same one only hits ENTER while if the volume is different one should input Y and then the actual volume of the measured specimen Function Key 7 Help Sufar This key invokes the help procedure To quit help page press ESC key Function Key 8 Stop Sufar This key stops the current measurement and sets up the rotator to the initial position Function Key 9 Kill Su
8. Description pulse 1x or 64x per revolutin is missing missing belt signal illegal parameter or wrong timing unknown command range is overflow other message was received the unknown message was received timeout passed no furnace installed in the holder 62 What to do check opto couples and wires inside rotator check the belt adjustment and belt mark specimen is too strong use smaller one switch off the instrument while connecting or the temperature sensor or rotator check RS 232 serial connection check RS 232 serial connection run only one program at one time ocures if the SUFTE is run without furnace which could remain in stanby position Missing file xxx SAV some SAV file is not present in current dir copy the proper SAV file to your working directory Wrong heating or temperature sensor the temperature is not increasing properly check temperature sensor contact manufacture Disconnect Cryostat the cryostat is connected unplug the cryostat before running SUFTE RS 232 Communication error check the serial port number preset in configuration SAV file check RS 232 serial connection 63 ver 1 1 November 2003 APPARATUS CS 3 CS L User s Manual Supplement for KLY 4S User s Manual Apparatus for measuring temperature variation of magnetic susceptibility AGICO Advanced Geoscience Instruments Co Brno Czech Republic 64 Preface This Supplemen
9. E3 BAD OPTO MAX E3 BAD OPTO MIN E3 BAD STEP MOTOR E3 BAD MAX MIN E4 LEVEL ERROR E4 POSITION ERROR E5 TEMP TOO HIGH E6 VOLT OVERFLOW E6 VOLT TIMEOUT E7 ZEROING ERROR E8 BAD COOLING E9 BAD REVOLUTION Description initialization of CS 3 xx is hex number error CS 3 is on while should be off CS 3 is off while should be on hardware error up down motor malfunction overflow during measurement of empty coil missing broken temp sensor or overheating hardware error bridge is unbalanced wrong circulation of cooling water missing rotator or slow revolution What to do switch off and on KLY 4S and ru run SUFTE program again check all connectors try to run program once again after switching off and on the KLY 4S check the connection between KLY 4S and CS 3 contact manufacture check connectors contact manufacture check the disturbance sources and interconnection cables check connection of the temperature sensor during exchanging rotator for temp sensor switch off the instrument contact manufacture check the disturbance sources and connection check the cooling circle pump connection check connection and motor wires inside rotator Error message E9 MISSING 1x E9 MISSING 64x E9 BELT ERROR E0 SYNTAX ERROR EO INPUT TIMEOUT E0 BAD COMMAND WITHOUT RANGE Unexpected message disconnecting Illegal message No message received Missing furnace
10. The selection is made as follows First the set of the previously used parameters appear on the screen Current anisotropy factors together with the question Any changes Y N If one does not wish to change this set one enters N or free string the program prints Factors saved and continues in function If one wishes to change this set one enters Y and the program shows the table of factors from which one can select new set and asks Count of factors and one has to input the number of selected factors in our case 8 Then one enters the number of factors and the name abbreviation of the factor delimited by comma This is repeated till the whole set is introduced After entering the last factor the program displays again the whole set and asks Any changes Y N In the case that one needs to do any change one has to repeat the whole procedure If not one enters N or free string to terminate the procedure Function AKey 7 Help Pressing this key invokes the help procedure To quit help page press ESC key Function AKey 8 Acmd Sufar This routine allows to set the field zero the bridge allows the rotator to be moved up and down without measurement The up down movement can be also enabled or disabled The parameters of SUFAR SAV and PAFA SAV files can be listed Function AKey 8 Acmd Sufam This key allows to set the field and zero the bridge The parameters of SUFAM SAV and PAFA SAV files can be listed Function AKey 9 Kill T
11. Up Unit Control Unit and User s Computer In principle the instrument represents a precision fully automatic inductivity bridge It is equipped with automatic zeroing system and automatic compensation of the thermal drift of the bridge unbalance as well as automatic switching appropriate measuring range The measuring coils are designed as 6th order compensated solenoids with a remarkably high field homogeneity 10 The digital part of the instrument is based on micro electronic components with the microprocessor controlling all functions of the Kappabridge The instrument has no control knobs it is fully controlled by external computer via serial channel RS 2326 The KL Y 4 version measures the AMS of a static specimen fixed in the manual holder In the static method the same as in KLY 2 or KLY 3 bridges the specimen susceptibility is measured in 15 different orientations following rotatable design From these values six independent components of the susceptibility tensor and statistical errors of its determination are calculated using software SUFAM The specimen positions are changed manually during measurement The KLY 4S version measures the AMS of a spinning specimen fixed in the rotator In the spinning method the specimen rotates with small speed of 0 5 r p s inside the coil subsequently about three axes From these data the deviatoric susceptibility tensor can be computed This tensor carries information only on anisotropic co
12. created earlier the geological data file can be created using the ANISOFT program package which is located in the same directory as the standard AMS file being measured The reading is made automatically by the computer The geological data are used in the calculations and also copied into the standard AMS file see Appendix 2 If one selects 2 the following questions appear on the screen MANUAL INPUT FROM MEMO BOOK 2 sampling angles One inputs the angles of the orientation of the specimen the first is azimuth of the fiducial mark of the specimen the second is the dip or plunge of the fiducial mark for details see the AGICO Print No 6 Number of tectonic systems 0 to 2 If O is input for example if non foliated and non lineated volcanic or plutonic rock is measured no other geological data are input 37 If 1 or 2 is input the following data must also be input 1 Code 4 tectonic angles The two character code characterizes the measured mesoscopic foliation and lineation the angles are azimuth of the dip or strike if the orientation parameter P4 is 90 dip of the first mesoscopic foliation trend plunge of the first mesoscopic lineation respectively If only foliation exists the second character in the code must be zero and the last two angles are also zeros If 2 is input the following data must also be input 2 Code 4 tectonic angles The two character code characterizes the measured mesoscopic foliation a
13. is placed in a measuring vessel which is cooled inside the cryostat by liquid nitrogen and then heated spontaneously to a given temperature The argon gas is needed for deplenishing the liquid nitrogen out of cryostat Temperature is measured by special platinum thermometer The quasi continuous measurement process after cooling the specimen is fully automated being controlled by the software SUFTEL CS 3 CS L Specifications Maximum specimen volume fragments or powder Inner diameter of measuring vessel Sensitivity to susceptibility changes 300 Am Temperature range CS 3 Temperature range CS L Accuracy of temperature sensor Power requirements Power consumption Dimensions Mass Electronic unit Water container with Pump Argon flow meter Cryostat Argon gas flow requirement protect atmosphere Amount of liquid nitrogen cooling cryostat Argon gas flow requirement deplenishing cryostat 0 25 cm 6 5 mm 1x 107 SD ambient temperature to 700 C 192 C to ambient temperature 2 C 240 230 120 100 V 10 50 60 Hz 350 VA 260 mm x 160 mm x 250 mm 9 kg 380 mm x 380 mm x 700 mm 2kg 32 mm x 32 mm x 140 mm lkg diameter 60 mm length 220 mm 0 5 kg approx 100 ml min approx 0 5 1 for one cooling approx 201 min for about 10 s 13 EC Declaration of Conformity We AGICO s r o Je n 29a CZ 621 00 Brno ICO 607 313 54 declare that the Modular system for measuring magnetic susceptibil
14. mesoscopic foliation and lineation azimuth of dip and dip of the 2 foliation trend and plunge of the 2 lineation 55 Structure of Geological Data File The GEOLOGICAL DATA FILE is a random access file with the length of the record being 64 bytes The numerical data are for practical reasons recorded as strings so that they can be directly checked Structure of the First Line Record N 2 LOCALITY LONGI LATI ROCK STRATI LITHO REGIO ORIENT P EOL The first record contains the locality data N 2 number of specimens in the file 2 LOCALITY name of locality LONGI geographical longitude of the locality LATI geographical latitude of the locality ROCK rock type STRATI stratigraphical position LITHO lithostratigraphy REGIO regional position ORIENT orientation parameters P1 P2 P3 P4 EOL end of line sequence Structure of the Other Lines Records SPEC ORIENTATION CODE FOLII LINEI CODE2 FOLD LINE2 The second record and the following records contain the specimen data Each record contains SPEC name of the specimen ORIENTATION azimuth and dip of the fiducial mark orienting the specimen CODE1 code for the 1 pair of mesoscopic foliation and lineation FOLII azimuth of dip and dip of the 1 foliation LINE1 trend and plunge of the 1 lineation CODE2 code for the 2 pair of mesoscopic foliation and lineation LINE2 trend and plunge of the 2 lineation FOLI2 azimuth of dip and dip of the 2
15. service centre In both cases all the costs related to a warranty repair shall be at expenses of AGICO The warranty becomes invalid if the Customer modifies the instrument or fails to follow the operating instructions in case of failure caused by improper use or improper or inadequate maintenance and care or if the Customer attempts to install the instrument without explicit written permission of AGICO company AGICO shall not be obligated to furnish service under this warranty a to repair damage resulting from attempts by personnel other than AGICO representatives to install repair or service the product b to repair damage resulting from improper use or connection to incompatible equipment Or c to service a product that has been modified or integrated with other products when the effect of such modification increases the time or difficulty of servicing the product This warranty is given by AGICO with respect to this product in lieu of any other warranties expressed or implied AGICO and its vendors disclaim any implied warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose AGICO s responsibility to repair or replace defective products is the sole and exclusive remedy provided to the Customer for breach of this warranty AGICO and its vendors will not be liable for any indirect special incidental or consequential damages irrespective of whether AGICO or vendor has advance notice of the possibility of such damages General
16. set up values of the maximum and minimum temperatures respectively 75 The values Tmax and Tmin can be changed also during measurement after pressing F1 The measurement is paused for short time new temperatures are set up and the measurement continues It should be emphasized that the maximum temperature cannot be selected lower than the actual temperature in the measurement process The thermomagnetic curve is drawn automatically during the measurement The computer selects itself the most convenient susceptibility scale while the temperature scale is always the same i e from 0 to 700 C In the case that one wishes to have another susceptibility scale one can press F1 and adjust the susceptibility scale manually It should be emphasized here that the measured susceptibilities are the so called total susceptibilities i e those not corrected for the specimen volume or mass These susceptibilities are stored in the file and displayed on the screen If one is interested in bulk susceptibilities one has to enter the data of the specimen volume or mass and density or the bulk susceptibility of the measured specimen at the room temperature into the file This can be made after measurement using the program CUREVAL see AGICO Print No 19 which enables the thermomagnetic curves to be presented in various ways correction for empty furnace smoothing etc The way of determination of the Curie temperature from measured curve is illu
17. tno SILVA UT i 3 5utiund ina dn td FUES EL vamos MOSHIS w m 39n4193443 TSO S9 Sb ATH P A1M aviso dasvioy ujurfpuo0d No9uu 17 Testing the communication with computer Copy the software SUFAR and SUFAM for KLY 4 to your computer exactly in the same structure as it is on original diskette and run program SUFAR EXE or SUFAM EXE After the program is started the communication of the instrument with your computer via serial channel RS 232C is tested automatically each time you run the program SUFAR or SUFAM If there is something wrong in the communication the following message appears on the screen RS 232 COMMUNICATION ERROR Current communication port COM1 For change edit the file SUFAR SAV In this case it is recommended to switch the instrument off and to check the connection of the instrument with the computer as well as to check whether the correct serial port number is set in the configuration file SUFAR SAV or SUFAM SAV If the number of the serial channel should be changed it can be done using any text editor for example the NORTON Commander One must be very careful in this operation because the SUFAR SAV file is the random access file and the port number must be changed only through overwriting the number but without affecting the other information contained in the file and retaining the original format of the file Then the program should be started once a
18. with the KLY 4S Kappabridge and CS 3 Temperature Control Unit of the temperature variation of low field magnetic susceptibility of minerals rocks and synthetic materials in the temperature range from minus 192 C to ambient temperature The apparatus consists of non magnetic Cryostat with a special platinum Thermometer The specimen is placed in a measuring vessel which is cooled inside the cryostat by liquid nitrogen and then heated spontaneously to a given temperature The argon gas is needed for deplenishing the liquid nitrogen out of cryostat Temperature is measured by special platinum thermometer The quasi continuous measurement process after cooling the specimen is fully automated being controlled by the software SUFTEL Special program CUREVAL serves for off line data post processing and graphical representation of the data obtained by measurement of temperature variation of magnetic susceptibility of rocks by means of the CS 3 CS L High Low Temperature Apparatus and the KLY 4S Kappabridge CS 3 CS L Specifications Maximum specimen volume fragments or powder Inner diameter of measuring vessel Sensitivity to susceptibility changes Temperature range CS 3 Temperature range CS L Accuracy of temperature sensor Power requirements Power consumption Dimensions Mass Electronic unit Water container with Pump Argon flow meter 0 25 cm 6 5 mm 1x 10 SD ambient temperature to 700 C 192 C to ambient temperature 2
19. 1 1 5 709E 06 2 102E 06 8 2E 09 0 14 Ax means that the specimen spinned about the x axis the measurement was made in the x2 x3 plane Position No 1 Range informs us of the range on which the anisotropy was measured this is only formal information because the instrument has a fully autoranging feature Cosine and Sine give the values of the cosine and sine components respectively of the average anisotropy curve Error gives the standard deviation of the individual curves from the average curve Error gives this deviation divided by the amplitude value 35 The Error you obtain in each of three AMS axes measurement is standard deviation of the individual curves there are two sine wave curves for one physical revolution from the average curve and the Error gives this deviation divided by the amplitude value This errors has only informative meaning and reflect the ratio between the noise and aniso signal for measurement in one plane only Thus it depends not only on absolute susceptibility of the specimen measured but mainly on the degree of anisotropy in an individual plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation In case there is no anisotropy in one of the three planes this error may be over 100 and has no physical meaning In case the anisotropy in one plane has reasonable value the usual value is lower 596 but it does not reflect the quality of the measurement but the level of anisotropy in one plane On the o
20. 15 0 2 5 147 2 0 815 2 5 164 4 12 74 640 802 4 Zal 135 3 16 170 for details see Manual Cureval Agico Print No 33 Here are examples of High Temperature Measurement with CS 3 160 e Empty Furnace a A 165 t E 170 0 200 400 600 800 Temperature C 3500 Nikl Magnetit E 6 2 2500 Susc 21500 Tot 500 500 0 200 400 600 800 Temperature C TI Measuring Temperature Variation of Magnetic Susceptibility Using Program SUFTEL Purpose The operation of the program SUFTEL is very similar to SUFTE program only some parameters which have no sense in low temperature measurement are omitted The program SUFTEL serves for on line measurement of temperature variation of magnetic susceptibility of rocks by means of the CS 3 and CS L Apparatus and Kappabridge KLY 4S in temperature range from 192 C to ambient temperature This program requires DOS ver 4 0 and higher and VGA graphic card Running the Program AN N Put the high temperature furnace to its standby position without connecting it If you used in the last session SUFAM prog remove the plastic cylinder from coil Install the cryostat to the holder and connect the 9 pin connector located on the upper part of the pick up unit Check if the cryostat is properly mounted in the notch if the tube for output the liquid nitrogen is not damaged Check also if the temperature sensor is connected If you do not temporari
21. 38 Azi first orientation angle mostly azimuth of the dip or strike of the fiducial mark on the specimen Dip second orientation angle dip of the fiducial mark or plunge of the cylinder axis O P orientation parameters see the section OrPar Nom vol nominal volume of the used pick up unit mostly 10cm Act vol the volume of the specimen measured in cm Demag fac information whether the demagnetizing factor of the specimen was considered in the calculation of the mean susceptibility Holder susceptibility of the holder measured in the section Hol T1 code for the first pair of mesoscopic foliation and lineation F1 orientation angles for the first foliation L1 orientation angles for the first lineation T2 code for the second pair of mesoscopic foliation and lineation F2 orientation angles for the second foliation L2 orientation angles for the second lineation Mean mean susceptibility Norming factor Standard err F F12 F23 Normed principal susceptibilities 95 confidence angles E12 E23 E13 norming factor for calculation of the normed susceptibility tensor equal to the absolute value of the mean susceptibility error in fitting the susceptibility tensor of the measured data statistics for anisotropy triaxiality and uniaxiality testing principal susceptibilities normed by the norming factor and errors in their determination confidence angles on the 95 probability level in the determ
22. 9 Kill 10 Aux This menu serves for the measurement of the specimen using program SUFAM Do not forget to install the plastic cylinder into the coil before the measurement with SUFAM program 22 Measuring Menu of Sufam The individual function keys start the following activities Fl measurement of the AMS in 15 directions F2 correction repetition of current position F5 field set or evaluation of the measured data activated only after all measurements F1 are completed F6 setting up the actual volume of the measured specimen F7 invoking the HELP page F9 breaking the current activities and clearing current specimen data F10 activation of the AUXILIARY MENU Function Key 1 15dir Sufam This procedure serves for the measurement of 15 directional susceptibilities The design of the 15 directions is shown in the Fig 2 The position design is the same for the cubic and cylindrical specimens After pressing Fl the following picture appears on the screen DATA MEASURED RESIDUALS Next direction 1 Press lt SpaceBar gt to continue One puts the specimen into the holder in the position 1 see Fig 2 presses the SpaceBar key and waits the computer s beep Then one inserts the specimen into the measuring coil from where one pulls it out after the second beep Then one changes the specimen s position and continues analogously until all the 15 directional susceptibilities are measured Fig 2 Measuring positions of the
23. Function AKSey 7 Help ecole ete PH ee E eUR lebe ri etf bg cs 50 Function AKey 8 Acmd Sufar oooonnnncccncnoccoucnnnononnnonnnnnonncnnonnnn eene enne enne eene nn non nn non aran entere nenne nre 50 Function AKey 8 Aemd S fam is edab Bague De 50 Furicaon AKey 9 Kulba reien etn rnet tea et eene lel t dete m e ette n 50 Function AKey 10 Main rU e DO e tee eve RE ed 50 LIST OF MAGNETIC ANISOTROPY FACTORS niran a a e 52 STRUCTURES OF DATA PIEES eet ete eee tete eth T EE E A EL 5 AL 53 Structure of Standard AMS Pile donenn a e Er RE e Oe EE easter aoe 54 Str cture of Geological Data File etit nd eot er wide oi Deep RR eus 55 SELECTION OF COORDINATE SYSTEMS ssccccssssscecssssececessnececsessececsesececsesaeeecsesaeeeesesaeeecseseeeeesesaeeeeees 56 GEOLOGICAL LOCALITY DATA s 5 5 3 2 a 57 Cleaning tbe Holder ROREM D 58 Cleanine the Rotator cui ete RI o tte i ba Poet d rete eligen 58 KLY 4S Rotator Belt Adjustment esee Chyba Z lo ka neni definov na Cleaning the Up Down Mechanist neriie e e Re E EE E E E EERE V EEKE NE o EERE SE nennen 60 List of Error Messages of the System KLY 4S CS 3 dccocoocccoococoncnoonncnonnnonnncnonononnnccnnnnnn en nennen innen tnnt entente 61 APPARATUS CS 3 ES Ls 09 PREFACE ETE 64 5 37 CS E DESCRIPTION 1 tenet ciet tete ERR UII EHE CUR irc cU Urb aee EP EE ete ise 65 ES CS E SPECIFICATIONS s citus tice etae eiie t viene Ebo Rr ctu ss olaa 65 INSTALLING AND OPERA
24. O K These are information of the current activities of the instrument In the case that zeroing of the bridge failed for some reasons for example too strong disturbing magnetic fields in the vicinity of the pick up coil or initialization of the CS 3 failed for some reasons the following message appears example FATAL ERROR E5 TEMP TOO HIGH blinking Press any key to abort program Error E5 indicates that the temperature sensor is missing If there is no initialization or zeroing problem the initial menu appears Select key F1 F6 F1 MAX temperature 50 to 700 deg Celsius 700 F1 MIN temperature 40 to 100 deg Celsius 40 F2 y axis min susceptibility SI 0 F2 y axis max susceptibility SI 0 F3 heating rate slow 1 medium 2 fast 3 extra 4 3 F4 linger at tempmax minutes 0 F5 CONTINUE F6 Field 2 to 450 A m 300 By means of the key F1 one can choose the maximum and minimum temperatures to which the investigated specimen should be heated and cooled respectively The pre set values are those of the last measured specimen stored in the configuration file SUFTE SAV The values 700 C and 40 C are set in the new instrument because they are probably the most common ones useful in the investigation of the most rocks They are also the limit values The maximum temperature cannot be chosen higher than 700 C otherwise the message Illegal value appears and the program waits for new input and the m
25. Safety Summary Review the following safety precautions to avoid and prevent damage to this product or any products connected to it Only qualified personnel should perform service procedures Convention A Symbol Attention is used to draw attention to a particular information Symbol Prohibition is used to accent important instruction omission of which may cause lost of properties damage or injury Injury Precautions Use Proper Power Cord To avoid fire hazard use only the power cord specified for this product Do Not Operate Without Covers To avoid electric shock or fire hazard do not operate this product with covers or panels removed Fasten Connectors Do not operate the instrument if all connectors are not properly plugged and fixed by screws Do Not Operate in Wet Damp Conditions To avoid electric shock do not operate this product in wet or damp conditions Do Not Operate in an Explosive Atmosphere To avoid injury or fire hazard do not operate this product in an explosive atmosphere Disconnect Power Source To avoid risk of electric shock unplug the instrument from mains before reinstalling or removing unit Product Damage Precautions Use Proper Power Source Do not operate this product from a power source that applies more than the voltage specified Use Proper Fuses only Do not use fuses which are not specified by the manufacturer If a fuse with a different characteristics or value is used the prot
26. TING THE CS 3 CS L esses seen enne nennen ener enne 66 Furnace uceooeeun a mb EBD UP Dd BRE 66 Tempetatute SONSOL tisdale 66 RN 67 Argon Flow Meter aa ovio 67 Measuring Vessel ius orita ec RP I ERES 67 Cooling System sae 68 Cryostat CS L oeste dedu e eto Pe gene eria etie edebant eie 69 MEASURING TEMPERATURE VARIATION OF MAGNETIC SUSCEPTIBILITY USING PROGRAM SUFTE 70 Ip lC E 70 Running the Program ede er ide eei ede tei e e Deseo detiene miei indere 70 Data File Descriptions teer dean Erebi E pete ee 76 MEASURING TEMPERATURE VARIATION OF MAGNETIC SUSCEPTIBILITY USING PROGRAM SUFTEL 77 lupum EDS TI Introduction to the User s Guide Thank you for purchasing magnetic susceptibility meter AGICO Kappabridge KLY 4 Kappabridge and its optional accessories represent modular system designed for measurement of magnetic susceptibility of rock and its anisotropy in variable fields and in conjunction with furnace or cryostat apparatus also for measurement of temperature variation of magnetic susceptibility Preface The User s Guide is divided into two parts a The Part 1 Kappabridge KLY 4 KLY 4S contains general common information description and specifications of individual modules and decribes the capabilities of the system The attention is focused on measurement of anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility AMS using the Kappabridge KLY 4S with a spinning specimen and the KLY 4 version with static specime
27. Ver 1 2 May 2004 KLY 4 KLY 4S CS 3 CS L User s Guide Modular system for measuring magnetic susceptibility anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility and temperature variation of magnetic susceptibility AGICO Advanced Geoscience Instruments Co Brno Czech Republic Contents CONTENTS REESE 2 INTRODUCTION TO THE USER S GUIDE esses enne eene nitens enti nnsr enne sienten ss sn nennen einen ena 4 PREFACE 23 iere eee aa 4 WARRANTS A A aa A ade doe ARE D caa ee S aea 6 GENERAL SAFETY SUMMARY sscccsssssasscstsersdestetscecstscsscvsccetventscestessssgetestassoccsecee 7 Convention teneret atte et Ea ea Seed eee eua mie MD 7 Injury Precautions ient pee HR ERE cosas RR EUR ER RM UE EUR RENE iii 7 Product Damage Precautions s c aeter eene eee he aere eite ee eese repe t eet 8 KE Y 4AS KE YA DESCRIPTION teen theta E e n e A bee e ee aede ac 9 KIY 4S KLY 4 SPECIFICATIONS 1 i eee eere Ern rr e teri i ee te ex ve ER eda 11 CS 3 C S L DESCRIPTION ete neon ete ebat oh rt ee rob ee ete Pee Len eau Eee er reb RR ate e NO 12 GS23 7 CSL SPECIFICATIONS ci iia 12 EC DECLARATION OF CONFORMITY c cccsssssccesssscecsssstcecssssesecsseusecseseusecsesesecsesnsecseeusecsesenaecsseenaees 13 UNPACKING INSTRUCTIONS A A ais 14 STORAGE AND TRANSPORTPATIONS acd atu a laa 14 INSTALLATION PROCEDURES wii sicsscocscsstessseesssnsdseosssontesscessneetsssacssseessoescseseassece L5 Choosing the place E
28. and for triaxial rotational oblate ellipsoids If the left value is higher than 3 48 then the differences between the principal susceptibilities determined by measurement compared to measuring errors are great enough that the specimen can be considered anisotropic from the statistical point of view on the 95 96 level of significance If the central and right values are higher than 4 25 then the ellipsoid is triaxial The Confidence angles values are those of the angles defining the statistical accuracy of the determination of the directions of the individual principal susceptibilities on the 95 level of significance for more details see AGICO Print No 1 Fig 2 Measuring positions of the specimen 25 Function Key 2 Corr Sufam This key may be activated during and after the 15 directional susceptibilities are measured during the measurement pressing Corr sets the position number to the current position minus one It enables any imprecisely measured directional susceptibility to be re measured After complete measurement and after pressing F2 one has to input the Direction to be repeated and re measure the corresponding directional susceptibility The proper specimen position should be prepared before pressing F2 key The re measurements in various directions can be repeated until the expected accuracy is reached Function Key 5 Eval Sufam This procedure evaluates the measured data through the determination of the susceptibility tens
29. ave the same volume it is sufficient to input this volume only once If the volume varies from specimen to specimen it is necessary before or after the measurement of each specimen but at least before the evaluation of the measured data to input the correct volume of the measured specimen a After starting this procedure the volume written in the configuration file appears on the screen in the following form Actual volume ccm 10 Any changes Y N If the volume of the measured specimen is the same one only hits ENTER while if the volume is different one should input Y and then the actual volume of the measured specimen Function Key 7 Help Sufam This key invokes the help procedure To quit help page press ESC key Function Key 9 Kill Sufam This key breaks the current activities and clears the measured and input specimen data Function Key 10 Aux Sufam This key switches the program to the AUXILIARY MENU 31 Measuring of AMS Using Program SUFAR Purpose Running This program serves for on line measurement of the anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility of rocks using the KLY 4S Kappabridge spinning specimen method During measurement the specimen slowly rotates subsequently about three perpendicular axes The bridge is zeroed after inserting the specimen into the measuring coil so that susceptibility differences are measured during specimen spinning 64 measurements are made during one spin which results in very
30. e out the nitrogen out of the cryostat Wait for the message Apply Argon and Start Measurement then use argon gas flow about 20 l min for approx 3 sec wait a few seconds and apply argon one again two or three times When the argon is flowing into the cryostat press the front hole by finger at the same time to increase the pressure of the argon inside the cryostat to achieve easier deplenishing of the cryostat If there is no liquid nitrogen inside the cryostat start measurement by pressing START Key F5 During measurement you can change the value Tmax and the scale for susceptibility axis in SI unit Here are examples of Low Temperature Measurement with CS L 100 Empty Cryostat Magnetite E 50 2 3 E amp 0 50 200 150 100 50 0 200 150 100 50 0 Temperature C Temperature C
31. eation or in the so called tectonic coordinate system mesoscopic lineation and foliation are the coordinate axes The program can work with up to 2 pairs of mesoscopic foliation and lineation which are described by a two character code The first character of the code describes the foliation while the second character describes the lineation for the proposal of the codes see the enclosed table For example the code characterizing the existence of metamorphic schistosity and mineral alignment lineation is SA If only the foliation and no lineation exist the second character in the code is zero For example the system characterized by the bedding only has the code BO zero Codes characterizing mesoscopic foliations and lineations Code Foliation Code Lineation B bedding A mineral alignment C cleavage D bedding cleavage intersection K cataclastic schistosity F fold axis S metamorphic schistosity R striation J joint W wave hinge lineation G igneous banding P current direction E fluidal foliation M beta axis H schlieren foliation L lava flow lineation N lava flow foliation O schlieren lineation 57 Geological Locality Data The inputting of the locality data is not compulsory The ANISOFT package of programs for advanced AMS data processing does not work with the locality data These data serve only for storing the locality geological characteristics on the disk In inputting the locality geological data the followin
32. ection is not effective Operator s Training Operator should be familiar with operation of the instrument and Safety Regulations Use Manufacturer s Cables Only Other devices can be connected to the instrument via the appropriate cables only Do Not Disconnect Connectors To avoid damage of the instrument never disconnect any connector while device is on Do Not Operate With Suspected Failures If you suspect there is damage to this product have it inspected by qualified service personnel Getting Started In addition to a brief product description this chapter covers the following topics O Specifications of Individual Modules Declaration of Conformity O 1 Unpacking Instructions 1 Storage and Transportation KLY 4S KLY 4 Description The KLY 4S KLY 4 Kappabridge is probably the world s most sensitive commercially available laboratory instrument for measuring bulk magnetic susceptibility and anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility AMS The Kappabridge has the following features High sensitivity Automatic zeroing over the entire measuring range Autoranging Slowly spinning specimen KLY 4S Quick AMS measurement KLY 4S Easy manipulation Only three manual manipulations for measuring AMS KLY 45 Built in circuitry for controlling the furnace CS 3 and cryostat CS L Full control by computer Sophisticated software support The Kappabridge apparatus consists of the Pick
33. eful manipulation is needed to prevent damaging the pipe when it is inserted in or taken out from measuring tube Temperature sensor should be carefully cleaned after each specimen measurement For cleaning use cotton wool which can be soaked with various solvents e g acetone spirit if necessary After cleaning dry up the sensor Do not use ultrasonic cleaning for thermometer Take care of outlet wires of the thermometer as well In any manipulations do not bend them too much 67 Specimen The basic type of a specimen measured is fine powder of a mineral or rock Small fragments can also be used in this case add Al O3 powder to prevent position changes of the fragment s during movement up and down For correct measurement the specimen should be placed in the area of homogeneous temperature and homogeneous measuring magnetic field This area extends at the length of 20 mm from the bottom of the specimen vessel The temperature sensor is placed in the centre of this area In this case the measurement of a specimen temperature is the most precise and the measurement of the specimen susceptibility is the most sensitive Argon Flow Meter The protect Argon atmosphere can be used to prevent chemical changes of the specimen during heating The appropriate flow is about 100 ml min which corresponds to the level of 50 mm on the argon flow meter Measuring Vessel The specimen silicon glass vessel should be cleaned regularly to achie
34. erature variation of magnetic susceptibility of rocks by means of the CS 3 Apparatus and KLY 4S Kappabridge in temperature range from ambient temperature to 700 C This program requires DOS ver 4 0 and higher and VGA graphic card Running the Program N Check if the temperature sensor is connected and if the cooling system is closed If you used in the last session SUFAM prog remove the plastic cylinder from coil Switch on the KLY 4S CS 3 system After switching the KLY 4S on the CS 3 and the pump are switched on for a few seconds for testing the interconnection between the instruments and then switched off The CS 3 and the pump are switched on again later during the initialization by software command Run program SUFTE EXE After the program is started the communication of the instrument with the computer via the serial channel RS 232 is tested If communication failed check configuration file SUFTE SAV See also the chapter Testing the communication with computer in this Manual Part 1 If the communication is O K the following information subsequently appear on the screen of the computer Initialization in progress LEVEL SET AUTO RANGE Zeroing in progress END OF ZEROING READY Initialization of CS 3 in progress CS 3 READY 71 After initialization of the CS 3 the screen is cleared and the following continues Temperature sensor test Temp 22 8 COOLING TEST LOOP COOLING IS
35. ered Briefly inspect each item for shipping damage If anything is missing or damaged contact the manufacturer or your dealer immediately You may want to retain the box and other packing material in case later you need to ship the instrument Storage and Transportation The properly wrapped instrument can be stored and transported at a temperature 20 C to 55 C and relative humidity up to 80 In both cases the instrument should be stored in suitable premises free of dust and chemical evaporation 15 Installation Procedures The first installation and training is performed exclusively by the AGICO technician or by the authorised representatives If you need later to reinstall the apparatus due to the removing the instrument to another place or any other reasons be sure the following conditions are met to achieve guaranteed parameters Choosing the place Place the apparatus to a room with relatively magnetically clean environment 9 A i The instrument must not be placed near sources of alternating magnetic field e g big transformers electric motors electricity power source wires thermal sources etc Do not place the instrument near thermal and electrical sources and prevent the pick up coils from direct sunshine The pick up coils must not be exposed to heat from the sun or from other sources which would affect the precision of measurement Do not place the pick up coils near the other instruments or comp
36. f the disaerating of the cooling system is as follows Connect the CS 3 apparatus to the KLY 4S Kappabridge see Chapter Installation Procedures Interconnection Scheme Fig 1 do not forget to connect temperature sensor and fill the water reservoir by destilled water Switch on the KLY 4S Kappabridge Run the program SUFTE EXE After activation of the CS 3 the program tests the water circle In case of E8 COOLING ERROR message open water circle and wait until water without air is running out Close water circle and check if the green led COOLING on Pick up Unit is on After this procedure the cooling system is ready Cryostat CS L Cryostat is used for measurement of temperature variation of magnetic susceptibility in temperature range 192 C to ambient temperature Before running SUFTEL program which controls the measurement prepare the cryostat to its operating position Switch off the system Put the high temperature furnace to its standby position without connecting it Stanby position is the place in the black big hole on the pick up unit Install the cryostat to the holder and connect the 9 pin connector located on the upper part of the pick up unit Check if the cryostat is properly mounted in the notch and if the tube for output the liquid nitrogen is not damaged 70 Measuring Temperature Variation of Magnetic Susceptibility Using Program SUFTE Purpose The program SUFTE serves for on line measurement of temp
37. far This key breaks the current activities and clears the measured and input specimen data Function Key 10 Aux Sufar This key switches the program to the AUXILIARY MENU 42 Auxiliary Menu of SUFAR and SUFAM This menu is usually used to input the auxiliary information into the program useful during the measurement of all the specimens in one measuring shift Convention To help you quickly find the information the name of the Key of the Auxiliary Menu is denoted as Function AKey instead of Function Key in Measuring Main Menu to underline that the key of Auxiliary menu is mentioned Examples of measurement values are expressed in talic After activating Auxiliary menu the following offer appears in SUFAR program 1Bulk 2 Etal 3Cal 4Hol 5Orpar 6 Anfac 7Help 8Acmd 9Kill 10 Main In the program Sufam the menu is the same The individual keys start the following procedures Fl F2 F3 F4 F5 F6 F7 F8 F9 measurement of the bulk susceptibility only without AMS of a specimen It can be useful in susceptibility monitoring between demagnetization steps in palaeomagnetism checking and or inputting the susceptibility value for the used calibration standard instrument calibration measurement of the susceptibility of the specimen holder checking and or setting up the values of the orientation parameters checking and or setting up the set of the parameters characterizing the rock AMS invoking the help pr
38. ferences and one bulk value Function Key 5 Field Sufar After pressing the Fkey the required Field can be entered The value is automatically rounded into the row of 21 available Fields Below 10 A m in step of 2 A m upper 10 A m up to 100 A m in step of 10 A m and upper 100 A m up to 450 A m in step of 50 A m 36 Function Key 5 Eval Sufar This procedure evaluates the measured data through the determination of the susceptibility tensor and its related parameters Before this procedure is activated it is possible to repeat any of the procedures Ax1 Ax2 Ax3 Bulk3 in order to get the best data for the evaluation When any of the above procedures is completed the denotation of the respective key is supplemented by an asterisk After the evaluation is once started neither of the above procedures can be repeated only the whole specimen can be re measured If the Eval procedure is started for the first time the following questions subsequently appear on the screen Path drive dir1 dir2 lt CR gt current Name of file without extension 8 chars max Each of associated files contains x record s Specimen name means new file After the above information are input the question appears for the way of inputting 5 the geological orientation data Select Using geological file 1 Manual input from memo book 2 Non oriented specimen 3 One selects 1 if the data should be read from the geological data file
39. g Q instead of the specimen name The bulk susceptibility is calculated using the specimen volume which is entered in procedure Key 6 ActVol Function AKey 2 Etal Sufar This procedure serves for checking and setting the nominal values of the calibration standard 44 Please note that the instrument is calibrated by two values This is because the calibration standard gives not only the directional bulk susceptibility value but also the anisotropy which is derived from the susceptibility along the x3 axis of the standard and from that along the direction perpendicular to the x3 axis After activating this procedure through pressing the AKey F2 the following information appear on the computer screen Etalon Bulk max Bulk min 136 7 E 03 27 00 E 03 Any Changes Y N m If both the Bulk max and Bulk min values are the same as those written on the etalon to be used for the instrument calibration one inputs N or lt CR gt and the procedure is terminated If any or both the values are different one has to input Y and then the correct values of both the Bulk max and Bulk min Then the procedure is finished Note If you change the calibration standard nominal value s the Holder is reset to zero See AKey 3 and AKey 4 Function AKey 2 Etal Sufam After activating this procedure through pressing the AKey F2 the following information appear on the computer screen Etalon Susc 136 7 E 03 the higher value of the two
40. g data are asked for NAME OF LOCALITY max 16 characters ENTER means no data This is the literary name of the locality it serves only as a note characterizing the locality location etc 7 LOCALITY GEOGRAPHICAL LONGITUDE DECADICAL EXPRESSION g LOCALITY GEOGRAPHICAL LATITUDE DECADICAL EXPRESSION Both in the format xxxx xx These data are input as decadical expressions not using minutes and seconds ROCK TYPE max 4 characters STRATIGRAPHY max 4 characters 7 LITHOSTRATIGRAPHY max 4 characters REGIONAL max 4 characters These data are recommended to be input as 3 character codes their purpose is to characterize geologically the locality investigated they are not used in further calculations g ORIENTATION PARAMETER P1 ORIENTATION PARAMETER P2 ORIENTATION PARAMETER P3 ORIENTATION PARAMETER P4 See also Appendix Selection of Coordinate System 58 Maintenance Cleaning the Holder It is recommended to clean the specimen holders regularly especially if you continue with measurement of relatively weak specimens after measuring strong ones For cleaning use pure water with a small amount of detergent and soft brush Cleaning the Rotator From time to time it is necessary to clean the shell in which the specimen is fixed during the measurement and the other part of the rotator Loosen three screws which fix the upper black cover of the motor and remove it carefully by pullin
41. g it up Then loosen a little bit do not remove it two screws B see Fig 4 but before loosening this screws check the belt strain to set it later in the same level After loosening this screws the strain of the tooth belt eases and the specimen shell can be removed from its bearing Clean the shell the belt and the bearing For cleaning use pure water with a small amount of detergent and soft brush If upper tooth wheel should be cleaned loosen six screws A Fig 4 and clean it too Clean the black wheel with 64 notches optocouples and photosensor from dust using soft dry brush Check if all 64 notches are transparent Before assembling dry up everything properly A During assembling pay attention to the following three points the strips on the upper wheel are in the same line the strips on specimen shell are in the same line the white belt mark is approximately in the centre of the photosensor Fix the two screws B adjust the proper belt strain by picking up slightly the part with motor Finally set the motor cover and fix it by screws 59 59 KLY 4S Rotator Belt Adjustment Fig 4 KLY 4S Beit Adjustment PHOTOSENSOR WHITE BELT MARK 2x SCREW B Su BET E Ss FIXING SCREW T P A Se 60 Cleaning the Up Down Mechanism The Up Down Mechanism should be cleaned in case the mechanism makes suspicious noise during movement and or if the time of the movement of the holder from lower to
42. gain after switching on the instrument If the communication is O K the following information subsequently appear on the screen of the computer SUFAR program In case the initialization of the Up Down Mechanism of the Rotator and the Zeroing of the bridge were successful Initialization in progress LEVEL SET AUTO RANGE FIELD SET H 300 A m Zeroing in progress END OF ZEROING READY 18 SUFAM program In case the Zeroing of the bridge was successful AUTO RANGE FIELD SET H 300 A m Zeroing in progress END OF ZEROING These information inform the user of the current activities of the instrument In case the communication test was successful and there are no other problems the offer of the MAIN MANU appears For detailed information and explanation of the main menu see chapter Operating Basics Press Ctrl Q gt to quit the program In the case that something fails during initialization for some reasons for example too strong disturbing magnetic fields in the vicinity of the pick up coil the following message appears FATAL ERROR E7 ZEROING ERROR blinking Press any key to return to AUX menu If you wish to finish the program press Ctrl Q 19 Testing the magnetic environment 7 Connect the multimeter using a single two wire cable it is in the holder box to the KLY 4S control unit rear panel Run program SUFAM EXE or SUFAR EXE In the MAIN
43. he programs breaks the current activities and clear current specimen data Function AKey 10 Main Return from Auxiliary menu to the MAIN MENU Appendices 51 This chapter covers the following topics o O O O List of Magnetic Anisotropy Factors Structures of Data File Selection of Coordinate Systems Geological Locality Data List of Magnetic Anisotropy Factors Factor No SNIAKKRWN a S5 Mathematical expression 15 2 k1 k 42 k2 k 2 k3 k 42 3 k 42 exp sqr 2 n1 n 24 n2 n 2 n3 n 2 sqr 2 n1 n 2 n2 n 24 n3 n 2 k1 k3 In k1 k3 100 k1 k3 k1 k1 k3 k2 k1 k3 k k1 k2 In k1 k2 k1 k2 k 2k1 k2 k3 k2 k3 In k2 k3 k1 k2 2k3 k1 k3 2k2 2k2 k1 k3 1 k3 k2 2k1 k2 k3 k1 k3 k1 k2 2 k3 k k2 k3 k kl sqr k2 k3 k1 k3 k2 2 k1 k2 k1 k2 2 k3 k1 k2 k2 k3 k2 k3 k1 k2 arcsin sqr k2 k3 k1 k3 k242 k1 k3 k2 k1 k2 k1 k2 k3 k2 k3 1 k1 k2 1 2n2 n1 n3 nl n3 2k2 k1 k3 k1 k3 k1 k2 2k3 k1 k2 sqr k1 k 424 k2 k 2 k3 k 42 3 k k1 k2 k3 1 1 3 k3 k1 k2 k1 k2 k3 k3 k1 k2 k242 k1 k3 k1 k2 2k1 k2 k3 k2 k3 k1 k2 2k3 52 Usual Abbreviation P In P In P InL InF k1 gt k2 gt k3 are principal normed susceptibilities and nl n2 n3 are their respective natural logarithms the symbol c means default set of AGICO stored in PAFA SAV configuration file of a new instrume
44. ination of the orientations of the principal susceptibilities Anisotropy factors Principal directions Normed tensor 39 values of the selected anisotropy parameters orientations of principal susceptibilities in decreasing succession as declination D and inclination I in various coordinate systems values of the normed susceptibility tensor in the appropriate coordinate system the upper line gives the diagonal tensor elements consecutively K11 K22 K33 while the lower line gives the non diagonal elements K12 K23 K13 40 9 4 1 ANISOTROPY OF SUSCEPTIBILITY Program SUFAR ver 1 0 KKKKK Azi 30 LP 12 0 3 90 Nom vol 10 00 Dip 60 Demag fac NO Holder 1 67E 06 Act vol 11 00 T1 F1 L1 T2 F2 L2 CD 100 20 30 40 SO 140 60 70 80 Field Mean Standard Tests for anisotropy A m susc err F F12 F23 300 127 9E 06 0 042 2953 2 2055 3 1564 5 Normed principal 95 confidence angles susceptibilities Axl Ax2 Ax3 1 0304 0 9985 0 9711 TG 119 0 9 0 0003 0 0003 0 0003 0 9 1 6 1 9 Anisotropy factors principal values positive L F P B T U Q E 1 032 1 028 1 061 1 061 0 063 0 078 0 738 0 996 Principal directions Normed tensor Specimen D 283 193 68 1 0000 1 028 0 9715 system ah 4 3 85 0 0069 0 0046 0 0004 Geograph D 40 146 305 1 0095 0 9973 0 9932 system I
45. ing Programs se UE eR PED rame men mie der e 31 MEASURING MENU OF SUFAR euiar 15 rede is lie Geek tie dpa ages 33 Function Key 1 Axl Sufar ssssesssssssssssseeeeeeeeeenne tentem netten nennen teen trennen tenen nennen nenne trenes 33 Measuring positions of the specimen SUFAR sse eene eene nennen trennen eene 34 Function Key 2 Ax2 Surat sot ee e e e EE Hyd ete a eicere eee tpe dee eo eite 35 Function Key 3 Ax3 Sufar iie tereti etr hie arts cn 35 Function Key 4 Bulk3 Sata DR EHE utr iis 35 Function Key 5 Field Mati betae tte n pneter nto 35 F nction Key 5 Eval S far 5 sche ee heo eu 36 Function Key 6 ActVol Sula ins 41 Function Key 7 Help S far ona Su bee d ee UD a ee e iE RSLRRS 41 Function Key 8 Stop Sufar ios Ie e 41 Function Key 9 sKill S fates eiecti epo rte ten btt aee tede e es 41 Function Key I0 Aux Sufat near P ae RR p Te FEE RE pep e ERR 41 AUXILIARY MENU OF SUFAR AND SUFAM sseseeeeeeeeee eene nennen nennen rennen eterni nennen nennen 42 Son zip EEEEEUEEEE 42 Function AKey 1 Bulk eoo A 43 Function AKey2 Etal Sutar orte etie tc 43 Function AKey 2 Etal Sii ia 44 Function AKey 3 Cal Sitar seiten Ria paraa ta asas 45 Function AKey 3 Cal Sila 46 Function AKey 4 Hol S far A tabe deem 47 Functon AKey 4 Hol Sutam e A Ae 48 Function AKey 5 QOrpa r isse teens ete A n ee REIR SES e e pee ru due ee ER ss ye UOS 49 Function AKey G Affair lis 49
46. inimum temperature cannot be chosen lower than 40 C In addition the minimum temperature cannot be set higher than 100 C because of the necessity of cooling the furnace before measuring the next specimen Within the above interval the temperatures can be selected For example if one investigates pyrrhotite bearing rocks and is 72 interested only in the Curie temperatures of pyrrhotite one would select the maximum temperature about 350 C and considerably save measuring time The key F2 controls the susceptibility scale of the figure of the susceptibility vs temperature relationship to be drawn on the screen of the computer during measurement The default values 0 0 mean that the program selects the suitable scale automatically If one has some preliminary idea of the susceptibility to be measured one can choose the scale correspondingly The key F3 controls the heating rate The default value heat rate 3 corresponds approximately to the rate of 11 C per minute which is suitable for the most rocks heating the specimen up to 700 C and its cooling down to 40 C takes approximately 2 1 4 hours For special studies slower heating rates can be used 4 corresponds approx 6 5 C min or 2 approx 8 5 C min but one must realize that such as measurements take correspondingly longer time If you select value 4 extra you are asked to enter temperature point of changing the heating rate In this case the heat rate is approx 35
47. irst is azimuth of the fiducial mark of the specimen the second is the dip or plunge of the fiducial mark for details see the AGICO Print No 6 Number of tectonic systems 0 to 2 If O is input for example if non foliated and non lineated volcanic or plutonic rock is measured no other geological data are input If 1 or2is input the following data must also be input 1 Code 4 tectonic angles The two character code characterizes the measured mesoscopic foliation and lineation the angles are azimuth of the dip or strike if the orientation parameter P4 is 90 dip of the first mesoscopic foliation trend plunge of the first mesoscopic lineation respectively If only foliation exists the second character in the code must be zero and the last two angles are also zeros If 2 is input the following data must also be input 2 Code 4 tectonic angles The two character code characterizes the measured mesoscopic foliation and lineation the angles are azimuth of the dip or strike if the orientation parameter P4 is 90 dip of the second mesoscopic foliation trend plunge of the second mesoscopic lineation respectively If only foliation exists the second character of the code must be zero and the last two angles are also zeros If one selects 3 no angle data are necessary After the geological data are input the program displays the results and after pressing ESC key the program asks Output to file Y N lt CR gt YES
48. ity anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility and temperature variation of magnetic susceptibility KLY 4 indicator of susceptibility and anisotropy of susceptibility KLY 4S indicator of susceptibility and anisotropy of susceptibility with rotating sample CS 3 indicator of temperature variation of susceptibility from room temperature to 700 C CS L indicator of temperature variation of susceptibility from 192 C to room temperature meet the intent of directives 89 336 EEC and 73 23 EEC The compliance was demonstrated to the following specifications CSN EN 61010 1 A2 1997 EN 61010 1 A2 1995 CSN EN 55022 1999 EN 55022 1998 CSN EN 61326 1 1999 EN 61326 1 A1 1998 CSN EN 61000 4 2 1997 EN 61000 4 2 1995 CSN EN 61000 4 3 1997 EN 61000 4 3 1995 CSN EN 61000 4 4 1997 EN 61000 4 4 1995 CSN EN 61000 4 5 1997 EN 61000 4 5 1995 CSN EN 61000 4 6 1997 EN 61000 4 6 1995 CSN EN 61000 4 11 1997 EN 61000 4 11 1995 Marking CE 02 Manufacturer AGICO s r o Je n 29a CZ 621 00 Brno The judgement of conformity was performed in co operation with the ITI T V s r o Mod ansk 98 CZ 147 00 Praha 4 Place and date of issue Brno 23 April 2004 Responsible person Prof RNDr Frantisek Hrouda CSc director of company 14 Unpacking Instructions Remove carefully the instrument and its accessories from the box and packing material referring to the packing list included to confirm that everything has been deliv
49. ity Data 21 Measuring of AMS Using Program SUFAM Purpose This program serves for on line measurement of the anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility of rocks using the KLY 4 Kappabridge static specimen method During measurement process the susceptibility of the specimen is measured subsequently in 15 directions following the rotatable design in exactly the same way as in the KLY 2 or KLY 3 Kappabridges Using the least squares method the susceptibility tensor is fit to these measurements of the 15 directional susceptibilities and the errors of the fit are calculated The results of the measurement in the form of various parameters derived from the susceptibility tensor and orientations of the directions of the principal susceptibilities in various coordinate systems are presented on the screen can be printed using the line printer or written on the disk The tensor elements together with orientations of mesoscopic foliations and lineations can be also written on the disk into standard AMS file which is binary random access file from where they can be read in advanced processing Running Program N After the SUFAM EXE is started the information how to terminate the program appears on the screen lt CtrlQ gt EXIT the communication of the instrument with the computer is tested and the bridge is automatically zeroed If there is no zeroing problem the offer of the MAIN MENU appears 115dir 2Cor 3 4 5 Field 6ActVol 7Help 8
50. lue of the cosine component of the anisotropy of the standard Sin shows the value of the sine component of the anisotropy of the standard Delta value represents the phase lag of the measured signal relatively to the position of the spinning specimen This lag is mainly due to the phase characteristics of the output low pass filter GainB is the correction for getting the total gain for the bulk susceptibility to be measured precisely GainA is the correction for getting the total gain for the anisotropy to be measured precisely The line headed OLD gives the above data of the last calibration corresponding to those written in the configuration file The line MEAS gives the data actually measured standard assuming that Delta GainB and GainA values equal OLD values 46 The line headed NEW shows the result of the above measurement but with proper new corrections Delta GainB GainA The constants Delta GainB GainA are also written into the configuration file 7 The data are systematically checked to warn if needed the operator to prevent writing results into the configuration file Thus the GainB and GainA values should be within the interval of 90 to 110 of the old values otherwise the error is indicated a Note If you change the calibration standard nominal value the GainB and GainA are undefined for current field until proper calibration is performed successfully Function AKey 3 Cal Sufam This
51. ly use the CS 3 furnace and or the cooling system is from some reasons open unplug the Pump from rear panel of CS 3 Unit before switching the system on Switch on the KLY 4S CS 3 CS L system After switching the KLY 4S on the CS 3 and the pump if plugged are switched on for a few seconds for testing the interconnection between the instruments and then switched off The CS 3 is switched on again and the pump is switched off by software commands later during the initialization of the CS 3 unit Run program SUFTEL EXE After the program is started the communication of the instrument with the computer via the serial channel RS 232 is tested If communication failed check configuration file SUFTEL SAV See also the chapter Testing the communication with computer in this Manual Part 1 Q p 78 If everything is O K prepare the specimen and insert the measuring tube with the thermometer into the cryostat The calibration procedure is available only if the temperature in the cryostat is higher than 0 C If you wish to calibrate the instrument perform it at the beginning of daily session Follow the instruction on the computer screen Fill liquid nitrogen very slowly and wait for required temperature Do not fill more nitrogen than is the level where the Teflon white body is decreasing its diameter After the minimum temperature is reached the computer beeps it is the attention to be ready to apply argon gas to forc
52. m 1 kg 12 CS 3 CS L Description The CS 3 Temperature Control Unit has been designed for measurement in connection with the KLY 4S Kappabridge of the temperature variation of low field magnetic susceptibility of minerals rocks and synthetic materials in the temperature range from ambient temperature to 700 C The apparatus consists of non magnetic Furnace with a special platinum Thermometer electronic Temperature Control Unit cooling water Reservoir with Pump and Argon Flow Meter The specimen is placed in a measuring vessel which is heated by a platinum wire in three selectable heating rates The temperature is measured by special platinum thermometer The protect Argon atmosphere during heating can be applied to prevent oxidation of measured specimen To perform susceptibility measurement at a chosen temperature range the equipment moves automatically the furnace into and out of the pick up coil of the KLY 4S Kappabridge The quasi continuous measurement process is fully automated being controlled by the software SUFTE The CS L Low Temperature Apparatus has been designed for measurement in connection with the KLY 4S Kappabridge and CS 3 Temperature Control Unit of the temperature variation of low field magnetic susceptibility of minerals rocks and synthetic materials in the temperature range from minus 192 C to ambient temperature The apparatus consists of non magnetic Cryostat with a special platinum Thermometer The specimen
53. m breaks the current activities and clears current specimen data F10 activation of the AUXILIARY MENU Function Key 1 Ax1 Sufar This procedure serves for the measurement of the AMS in the x x2 plane the specimen spins about the x axis The spinning is very slow one revolution per 2 seconds and the susceptibility is measured 64 times during one revolution As the bridge is zeroed with the specimen inserted into the measuring coil before the specimen starts spinning the susceptibility differences are measured between the susceptibilities along the respective directions and that of the direction in which the bridge was zeroed This way of measurement is very advantageous because one measures only the anisotropic component of the susceptibility which is much lower than the bulk component and one can profit from the higher accuracy of the measurement made on the more sensitive range Before pressing Key Fl one has to fix the specimen into the specimen holder in the measuring position No 1 see Fig 3 After pressing Fl the specimen is inserted into the specimen coil the bridge is zeroed and the specimen starts spinning during spinning the specimen susceptibility is measured 34 Measuring positions of the specimen SUFAR SPECIMEN MAREING POSITION 1 POSITION 2 POSITION 3 Fig 3 Measuring positions of the specimen The results are presented in the form as in the following example Ax Range Cosine Sine Error Error
54. menu select function Key 10 AUX then function Key 8 Acmd and start the zeroing process by pressing Z During zeroing you can hear the sound whose frequency is approximately proportional to the level of unbalance of the bridge Immediately after and only after you obtain message END OF ZEROING read the voltage level on the multimeter This voltage is approximately proportional to the level of magnetic environmental background should not be higher than 1 Volt and should not be changing quickly If you do not use notebook with LCD display we recommend it take attention to your PC monitor The monitor distance from pick up coils and its azimuth position can have sometimes great influence Try to rotate the monitor and or pick up coils about the vertical axis zero the bridge again read the voltage value on multimeter Repeat several times and try to find the best configuration when the voltage value is minimal Usually it is possible to obtain about 0 5 V but there is no reason to be nervous if it is higher but below 1 V 20 Operating Basics This chapter covers the following topics O Measuring of AMS using KLY 4 and program SUFAM Measuring Menu of the SUFAM O Measuring of AMS using KLY 4S and program SUFAR Measuring Menu of the SUFAR O Auxiliary Menu of the SUFAM and SUFAR O Appendices ist of Magnetic Anisotropy Factors Structures of Data Files Selection of Coordinate Systems Geological Local
55. mponent of the specimens For obtaining complete susceptibility tensor one complementary measurement of bulk susceptibility must be done The main advantage of the new model KLY 4 KLY 4S is a possibility to measure bulk susceptibility and AMS in variable fields from 3A m to 450 A m in 21 steps The autoranging and autozeroing work over the entire measuring range Automatic zeroing compensates real and imaginary components the zeroing circuits work in digital way using 16 bit up down counters and D A converters The output signal is digitalized raw data are transferred directly to the computer which controls all the instrument functions These features enable to zero the bridge prior the anisotropy measurement after inserting the specimen into the measuring coil The background bulk susceptibility is eliminated and the bridge measures only the susceptibility changes during specimen rotation and thus the most sensitive range can be used The result is high precision of measurement and determination of principlal directions of susceptibility tensor One has to adjust the specimen only in three perpendicular positions Thus the specimen measurement time was dramatically shortened The measurement is rapid about two minutes per specimen and precise profiting from many susceptibility determinations in each plane perpendicular to the axis of specimen rotation The static method of the measurement can also be used Software SUFAR combines the mea
56. n The Part 2 Apparatus CS 3 CS L describes the measurement of temperature variation of magnetic susceptibility using the high temperature furnace CS 3 and low temperature cryostat CS L KAPPABRIDGE KLY 4 KLY 4S User s Manual Instrument for measuring magnetic susceptibility and its anisotropy in variable fields AGICO Advanced Geoscience Instruments Co Brno Czech Republic Warranty AGICO warrants that this product will be free from defects in materials and workmanship for a period of 1 one year from date of installation However if the installation is performed later than 3 three months after the date of shipment due to causes on side of Customer the warranty period begins three months after the date of shipment If any such product proves defective during this warranty period AGICO at its option either will repair the defective product without charge for parts and labour or will provide a replacement in exchange for the defective product In order to obtain service under this warranty Customer must notify AGICO of the defect before the expiration of the warranty period and make suitable arrangements for the performance of service AGICO will decide if the repair is to be performed by AGICO technician or AGICO delegated serviceman in customers laboratory or product shall be sent for repair to the manufacturer In latter case customer shall be responsible for packaging and shipping the defective product to the AGICO
57. nd lineation the angles are azimuth of the dip or strike if the orientation parameter P4 is 90 dip of the second mesoscopic foliation trend plunge of the second mesoscopic lineation respectively If only foliation exists the second character of the code must be zero and the last two angles are also zeros If one selects 3 no angle data are necessary After the geological data are input the program displays the results and after pressing ESC key the program asks Output to file Y N lt CR gt YES Output to printer Y N lt CR gt NO These questions concern the calculated data which appear later on the screen They can be written to the file on the disk and or on the paper using the line printer If they are written on the disk they are written as an ASCII file in the same format as they appear on the screen later they can be re printed on the paper if necessary The extension of this file is ASC and the file is located in the same directory as the standard AMS file After measuring the second or later specimen only the question for the specimen name appears on the screen The data are handled in the same way as those of the first specimen If one wishes to change the file one inputs instead of the specimen name and the inputting is made as in the first specimen Then the calculated data are shown on the screen in the form whose example is shown on the next page The meaning of the presented results is as follows
58. nt 53 Structures of Data Files The programs Sufar and Sufam work with the following data and configuration files The following notation is used for variables denotation n nbytes string variable 2I two bytes integer variable 4R four bytes real variable The classical sequential ASCII file with extension ASC contains the printable output results of measured specimen s in the same form as on the screen The Standard Anisotropy File AMS contains the results of the anisotropy measurement in binary form and has extension RAN The Geological Data File contains only the geological data orientations of specimens and of mesoscopic fabric elements its extension is GED File Pafa SAV contains current set of orientation parameters and anisotropy factors Files Sufar SAV and Sufam SAV contain serial port number calibration standard values instrument gain and phase coefficients calculated during calibration procedure for field 300 A m holder components measured during holder correction routine and actual current volume of specimen Note These files remain compatible with older Susar SAV and Susam sav files used for KLY 3S KLY 3 Files CalKly4 SAV for Sufarexe and CalKly4m sav for Sufam exe contain instrument gain coefficients for all available fields Files Sufar TMP and Sufam TMP contain the screen contents results of the last specimen measured File Bulk TMP contains the screen contents in measuring bulk susceptibili
59. ocedure auxiliary commands Enable and Disable movement Up Down available for KLY 4S checking the Up and Down movement available for KLY 4S Zeroing of the bridge Field set List of Parameters the program breaks the current activities F10 return to the MAIN MENU 43 Function AKey 1 Bulk This procedure serves for measurement of the bulk susceptibility for example in monitoring the susceptibility changes due to the demagnetization steps in palaeomagnetism After starting the procedure the following information appear on the screen Measurement of bulk susceptibility The current holder susceptibility 2 57 E 6 New measurement of holder Y N If one inputs Y the procedure Key 4 Hol is made If one inputs N or CR the procedure continues by bulk measurement in current Field select lt F gt or by measurement of the bulk field variation Curve in all available fields select C In case of individual bulk measurement any measurement is started by pressing CR Then the bridge is zeroed wait for a beep and insert KLY 4 only the specimen into the pick up coil wait for second beep and pull KLY 4 only the specimen out To finish measurements type Q N Specimen Bulk 1 XY 4 58E 06 2 STANDARD 82 75E 03 3 Q After inserting the specimen into the specimen holder and inputting the specimen name the bulk susceptibility is measured using manual holder The measurement is terminated after inputtin
60. oftware solution of the data transformation from the specimen coordinate system to the geographic palaeogeographic and tectonic coordinate systems that it is controlled through the so called orientation parameters In this way any oriented sampling is possible For definition of these orientation para meters and more details see AGICO Print No 6 The program shows the set of current orientation parameters Orientation parameters P1 6 P2 0 P3 6 P4 0 Any changes Y N n If one enters N or free string the shown parameters are used in the subsequent calculations If one enters Y new parameters are set up Computer asks for inputting the Pl P2 P3 and P4 parameters and displays them on the screen These new parameters are written into a configuration file and are displayed if the program is started again Function AKey 6 Anfac Magnetic fabric can be visualized by the shape and orientation of the anisotropy ellipsoid The eccentricity and shape of the ellipsoid can be characterized by conveniently chosen parameters derived from the principal values parallel to the axes of the anisotropy ellipsoid Unfortunately more than 30 parameters have been suggested for this purpose even though 2 parameters are sufficient to characterize the eccentricity and shape Some of them are listed in the enclosed Table As it is not reasonable to present them all our program selects 8 parameters according to the demands of the user 50
61. or and its related parameters Before this procedure is activated it is possible to repeat measurement of any of the 15 directional susceptibilities in order to get the best data for the evaluation After the evaluation is once started neither of the directional susceptibilities can be re measured only the whole specimen can be re measured If the Eval procedure is started for the first time the following questions subsequently appear on the screen Path driveA dir1 dir2 lt CR gt current Name of file without extension 8 chars max Each of associated files contains x record s Specimen name means new file After the above information are input the question appears for the way of inputting the geological orientation data rp Select Using geological file 1 Manual input from memo book 2 Non oriented specimen 3 One selects 1 if the data should be read from the geological data file created earlier the geological data file can be created using the program ANISOFT program package which is located in the same directory as the standard AMS file being measured The reading is made automatically by the computer The geological data are used in the calculations and also copied into the standard AMS file see Appendix 2 If one selects 2 the following questions appear on the screen MANUAL INPUT FROM MEMO BOOK 2 sampling angles 26 One inputs the angles of the orientation of the specimen the f
62. procedure serves for the calibration of the instrument After pressing AKey F3 the following message appear Calibration in current Field Insert calibration standard after first longer beep Pull out it after second shorter beep Press SPACE bar if you are ready to continue Before pressing any key it is necessary to put the standard into the holder in such a way that the cylinder axis is vertical and after pressing space bar one has to follow the above instructions The calibration results are shown as follows AUX 300 A m BULK CALIBRATION 05 15 2003 08 13 47 Bulk Gain OLD 136 7 E 03 1 0001 MEAS 136 5 E 03 1 0001 NEW 136 7 E 03 1 0016 Press CR to save calibration data 47 The column Bulk displays the values of the bulk susceptibility of the standard along the x3 axis Gain is the correction for getting the total gain for the bulk susceptibility to be measured precisely Note If you change the calibration standard nominal value the Gain is undefined for current field until proper calibration is performed successfully Function AKey 4 Hol Sufar This procedure consists of the measurement of the bulk susceptibility and anisotropy of the empty holder in the field 300 A m This susceptibility and anisotropy are written into the configuration file and subtracted from the measured values after measuring the specimen After activating this procedure through pressing the AKey F4 the measuremen
63. quired Field can be entered The value is automatically rounded into the row of 21 available Fields Below 10 A m in step of 2 A m upper 10 A m up to 100 A m in step of 10 A m and upper 100 A m up to 450 A m in step of 50 A m The key F5 is pressed if one agrees with the input data of the entire table and the program continues First the path for storing the data file should be specified Output path drive dir1 dir2 CR current Then the list of files in the specified directory is displayed and file name and furnace name should be input Enter file name without ext gt change path Name of furnace If you press CR only the default name furnace is NONAME After entering the furnace name the following figure appears on the screen 300 A m Temp 22 8 1Menu 2ETAL 3CALIB 4 5START 6 7 8 9 10 EXIT In the frame the thermomagnetic curve will be drawn when measured Key Fl means return to the initial menu Key F2 the same as in the case of Kappabridge KLY 4 Key F3 the same as Kappabridge KLY 4 the holder is operated automatically Key F5 activates the measurement procedure Key F10 exits the program After activating the START key F5 the programs starts the measurement of the specimen Before pressing F5 it is necessary that the powdered specimen is in the measuring vessel the thermometer is inserted in the specimen and the vessel is inserted in the furnace During measuring the screen of the comp
64. rmation of the current activities of the instrument In the case that initialization or zeroing failed for some reasons for example too strong disturbing magnetic fields in the vicinity of the pick up coil the following message appears FATAL ERROR E7 ZEROING ERROR blinking Press any key to abort program If there is no initialization or zeroing problem the offer of the MAIN MENU appears 1Ax1 2Ax2 3Ax3 4Buik3 5Field 6 ActVol 7Help 8Stop 9Kill 10Aux This menu serves for the measurement of the specimen using program SUFAR Do not forget to remove the plastic cylinder from the coil in case the SUFAM program was used in the last session 33 Measuring Menu of SUFAR The individual function keys start the following activities Fl the specimen spins about the x axis measurement of the AMS in the x2 x3 plane of the specimen Position No 1 F2 the specimen spins about the x2 axis measurement of the AMS in the x2 x3 plane of the specimen Position No 2 F3 the specimen spins about the x3 axis measurement of the AMS in the x x2 plane of the specimen Position No 3 F4 measurement of the bulk susceptibility in the Position No 3 FS field set or evaluation of the measured data activated only after the measurements F1 to F4 are completed F6 setting up the actual volume of the measured specimen F7 invoking the HELP page F8 stops the current measurement and sets up the rotator to the initial position F9 the progra
65. rol software and by green LED located on the pick up unit of KLY 4S The LED is on if sufficient amount of water is flowing Any interruption of the water flow longer than two seconds is signalled by this LED going off and the heating of the furnace is automatically switched off and the measurement is interrupted The optimum condition for the measurement is reached when the temperature of water in the container and the temperature in the laboratory are the same Therefore we recommend to switch on the cooling system approximately 2 hours before starting the measurement every time after new tanking or replenishing the container Normally this is not necessary because the temperature of water is equal to the ambient temperature An outlet of warm water WATER OUT of the PICK UP unit is connected by approx 2 5 m long tubing with an inlet IN of the water container An outlet of cold water WATER IN of the PICK UP unit is connected by approx 2 5 m long tubing with an inlet OUT of the water container The water reservoir must contain approx 50 litres of distilled water 69 Cable from the pump of the water reservoir should be connected to the socket situated on the CS 3 Temperature Control Unit After first filling with water or after any other aerating of the cooling system it is necessary to carry out its disaerating It is recommended to do it after the apparatus has not been in function for a prolonged period of time The process o
66. sceptibility of the holder measured in the section Hol T1 code for the first pair of mesoscopic foliation and lineation F1 orientation angles for the first foliation L1 orientation angles for the first lineation T2 code for the second pair of mesoscopic foliation and lineation F2 orientation angles for the second foliation L2 orientation angles for the second lineation Mean mean susceptibility Norming factor Standard err F F12 F23 Normed principal susceptibilities 95 confidence angles E12 E23 E13 norming factor for calculation of the normed susceptibility tensor error in fitting the susceptibility tensor of the measured data statistics for anisotropy triaxiality and uniaxiality testing principal susceptibilities normed by the norming factor and errors in their determination confidence angles on the 95 probability level in the determination of the orientations of the principal susceptibilities Anisotropy factors Principal directions Normed tensor 28 values of the selected anisotropy parameters orientations of principal susceptibilities in decreasing succession as declination D and inclination I in various coordinate systems values of the normed susceptibility tensor in the appropriate coordinate system the upper line gives the diagonal tensor elements consecutively K11 K22 K33 while the lower line gives the non diagonal elements K12 K23 K13 29
67. sensitive determination of the anisotropic component of the susceptibility tensor profiting from the measurement on the lowest possible and therefore most sensitive range Then one bulk susceptibility value is measured along one axis and the complete susceptibility tensor is combined from these measurements The measured data in the form of various parameters derived from the susceptibility tensor and orientations of directions of the principal susceptibilities in various coordinate systems are presented on the screen can be printed using the line printer or written on the disk into a sequential ASCII file The tensor elements together with orientations of mesoscopic foliations and lineations can be also written on the disk into standard AMS file which is binary random access file from where they can be read in advanced processing Program After the SUFAR EXE is started the information how to terminate the program appears on the screen lt Ctrl Q gt EXIT and the communication of the instrument with the computer is automatically tested If communication failed check configuration file SUFAR SAV see also the chapter Testing the communication with computer a If the communication is O K the following information subsequently appear on the screen of the computer Initialization in progress LEVEL SET AUTO RANGE FIELD SET H 300 A m Zeroing in progress N 32 END OF ZEROING READY These are info
68. specimen Specimen marking init Position for 6 10 Pos 1 5 10 S aa O e S SUFAM 14 15 24 The results look like in the following example DATA MEASURED RESIDUALS in 96 30 41E 03 32 25E 03 31 54E 03 0 12 0 19 0 03 31 27E 03 31 42E 03 31 79E 03 0 11 0 13 0 05 30 60E 03 31 20E 03 32 63E 03 0 13 0 28 0 12 30 44E 03 32 33E 03 31 60E 03 0 02 0 05 0 24 30 29E 03 31 45E 03 31 85E 03 0 03 0 02 0 22 Std error 0 18 Anisotropy test 8561 322 9 135 6 Confidence angles 3 3 5 1 2 0 1 2 Corr 3 4 5 Eval 6 7 8 9 Kill 10 Aux The three columns DATA MEASURED show the values of 15 directional susceptibilities measured The data RESIDUALS represent the deviations of the measured and fitted data After fitting the susceptibility ellipsoid to the measured data using the least squares method the susceptibility in each measuring direction is calculated from the fitted tensor and subtracted from the measured value this is the residual The residuals are the lower the higher is the measuring accuracy and better fit Ideally the residuals are as low as the measuring errors of individual directional susceptibilities Std error is the mean value of the absolute values of the residuals The quality of the measurement can be evaluated also from the values of Anisotropy test and Confidence angles The Anisotropy test values are the values of the F test for anisotropy isotropy and for triaxial rotational prolate
69. strated on the following figure 2500 2000 1500 1000 500 300 320 340 360 380 400 420 440 460 480 76 Data File Description The data obtained by measurement are stored in random access ASCII files made automatically during measurement Each file contains the data of one specimen and has the extension CUR for high temperature data and CLW for low temperature data The first record contains the abbreviations of the parameters stored in individual columns 7 The second and other records contain the values of the measured and calculated parameters later by program Cureval specified in the following table Abbreviation Length Parameter stored TEMP 9 bytes temperature in degrees centigrade TSUSC 9 uncorrected total susceptibility CSUSC 10 total susc corrected for empty furnace NSUSC 6 susceptibility normalized by maximum value BULKS 12 bulk susceptibility FERRT 9 total susc of separated ferromagnetic comp FERRB 9 bulk susc of separated ferromagnetic comp TIME 7 time of measurement in seconds AUXI 9 auxiliary data The column containing the auxiliary data is not headed AUXI but by the name of the free furnace for which the measured data are corrected F20056 in our example shown below The suceptibilities except the normalized ones are given in the order of 10 6 SI The file appears as in the following example TEMP TSUSC CSUSC NSUSC BULKS FERRT FERRB TIME F20056 21 2 164 4 12 94 650 8
70. surements in three perpendicular planes plus one bulk value to create a complete susceptibility tensor The errors in determination of this tensor are estimated using a new method based on multivariate statistics principle KLY 4S KLY 4 Specifications i 1 Specimen Size Cylinder Diameter Length Cube Cube ODP box Fragments bulk susc Pick up coil inner diameter Nominal specimen volume Operating frequency Field intensity Field homogeneity Measuring range Sensitivity 300 Am Bulk measurement AMS measurement spinning specimen Accuracy within one range Accuracy of the range divider Accuracy of the absolute calibration HF Electromagnetic Field Intensity Resistance Power requirements Power consumption Operating temperature range Relative humidity Dimensions Mass Measuring Unit Pick up Unit Rotator Holders for specimens of slightly different size can be supplied on request Spinning Specimen 25 4 mm 0 2 1 5 22 0 mm 0 5 1 5 20 mm 0 5 1 5 11 Static Specimen 25 4 mm 4 0 1 0 22 0 mm 2 0 2 0 20 mm 0 5 2 0 23 mm 0 5 2 0 26 x 25x 19 5 mm 40 cm 43 mm 10 cm 875 Hz 3 Am to 450 Am in 21 steps 0 2 96 0 to 0 2 SI 3 x 10 SI 2 x 10 SI 0 1 96 0 3 96 3 1 Vm 240 230 120 100 V 10 50 60 Hz 45 VA 15 to 35 C max 80 96 260 mm x 160 mm x 250 mm 4 kg 240 mm x 320 mm x 330 mm 11 kg 320mmx 70mmx 65 m
71. t is intended for Users who already have Kappabridge KLY 4S and extend the instrument by CS 3 and or by CS L Apparatus O The Part 2 of the User s Guide KLY 4 KLY 4S Apparatus CS 3 CS L describes the measurement of temperature variation of magnetic susceptibility using the high temperature furnace CS 3 and low temperature cryostat CS L 65 CS 3 CS L Description The CS 3 Temperature Control Unit has been designed for measurement in connection with the KLY 4S Kappabridge of the temperature variation of low field magnetic susceptibility of minerals rocks and synthetic materials in the temperature range from ambient temperature to 700 C The apparatus consists of non magnetic Furnace with a special platinum Thermometer electronic Temperature Control Unit cooling water Reservoir with Pump and Argon Flow Meter The specimen is placed in a measuring vessel which is heated by a platinum wire in three selectable heating rates The temperature is measured by special platinum thermometer The protect Argon atmosphere during heating can be applied to prevent oxidation of measured specimen To perform susceptibility measurement at a chosen temperature range the equipment moves automatically the furnace into and out of the pick up coil of the KLY 4S Kappabridge The quasi continuous measurement process is fully automated being controlled by the software SUFTE The CS L Low Temperature Apparatus has been designed for measurement in connection
72. t of the empty holder starts and the following information subsequently appear on the computer screen AUX 300 A m BULK ANISO HOLDER Bulk Cos Sin Old values 4 138E 06 10 E 09 2 7E 09 4 179E 06 29 E 09 19 E 09 4 140E 06 36 E 09 13 E 09 4 113E 06 11 E 09 14 E 09 New values 4 144E 06 25 E 09 15 E 09 Std error 33 E 09 13 E 09 3 5 E 09 Press CR to save the data and complete this routine In the beginning of the procedure the Old values data appear on the screen These are the data stored in the configuration file obtained in the last measurement of the empty holder The bulk susceptibility of the empty holder is automatically measured three times its mean value and standard error of the average are calculated Afterthat the anisotropy of the empty holder is measured three times and the mean value and standard error of the average are also calculated 48 If the measurements are inconsistent for example if holder bulk susceptibility does not lie within the interval between 20E 06 to 5E 06 or the standard error is greater than 0 1 x 105 the New values are blinking indicating that the procedure is recommended in some cases needed to be repeated Function AKey 4 Hol Sufam This procedure consists of the measurement of the bulk susceptibility of the empty holder in the field 300 A m This susceptibility is written into the configuration file and subtracted from the measured values after measuring
73. the specimen After activating this procedure through pressing the AKey F4 the following message appears on the screen HOLDER measurement is repeated 3 times x Insert empty holder after first longer beep Pull it out after second shorter beep Press lt SPACE gt bar if you are ready to continue Then one has to follow the above instructions The results of the measuring empty holder are presented as follows AUX 300 A m BULK HOLDER Old value 3 314E 06 New value 3 810E 06 Susc Error Drift 1 3 305E 06 5 2E 09 480E 09 2 3 269E 06 41 E 09 430E 09 3 3 356E 06 46 E 09 360E 09 Resulting 3 310E 06 44 E 09 420E 09 Press CR to save the data and complete this routine The Old value is the holder susceptibility of the last measurement stored in the configuration file Then the bulk susceptibility of the empty holder is measured three times its mean value and standard error of the average are calculated If the measurements are inconsistent for example if holder bulk susceptibility does not lie within the interval of 10 E 06 to 0 E 06 the New value is blinking 49 indicating that the procedure is recommended in some cases needed to be repeated Note If you change the calibration standard nominal value the Holder is reset to Zero Function AKey 5 Orpar The scientists use different ways of sampling oriented specimens In order to respect these differences we have developed such a s
74. ther hand it is clear that the sensitivity of the instrument influeces this error For judgement of the quality of AMS measurement use F test numbers and 9596 confidence angles The general rule is follow If the F numbers are high let say at least above 5 the confidence angles are low and principal direction directions is are very well defined The sensitivity of AMS measurement for field 300 Am on KLY 4S is 2x10 the anisotropy of the specimens with mean susc about 5x10 SI can be measured but the confidence angles may be in some cases higher it depends on type of anisotropy Function Key 2 Ax2 Sufar This procedure serves for the measurement of the AMS in the x x3 plane the specimen spins about the x2 axis Position No 2 in the same way as in the previous case Function Key 3 Ax3 Sufar This procedure serves for the measurement of the AMS in the x x2 plane the specimen spins about the x3 axis Position No 3 in the same way as in the previous case Function Key 4 Bulk3 Sufar This procedure measures the bulk susceptibility along the x axis corresponding to the specimen in the third measurement position After pressing F4 the bridge is zeroed the specimen is inserted into the measuring coil and the bulk susceptibility is measured The knowledge of the bulk susceptibility along the x axis is necessary in the construction of the complete susceptibility tensor from the deviatoric tensor based on susceptibility dif
75. ty using routine Bulk invoked by function AKey 1 This file can be saved as xxx KY4 for future post processing Files Sufar HLP and Sufam HLP contain the Help page 54 Structure of Standard AMS File The STANDARD ANISOTROPY FILE is a random access file with the length of the record being 64 bytes Structure of the First Line Record N 2 LOCALITY LONGI LATI ROCK STRATI LITHO REGIO ORIENT P EOL The first record contains the locality data N42 LOCALITY LONGI LATI ROCK STRATI LITHO REGIO ORIENT EOL number of specimens in the file 2 name of locality geographical longitude of the locality geographical latitude of the locality rock type stratigraphical position lithostratigraphy regional position orientation parameters P1 P2 P3 P4 end of line sequence Structure of the Other Lines Records SPEC CHAR NORM Kil to K33 C1 FOLII LINEI C2 FOLD LINE2 The second and the following records contain the specimen data Each record contains SPEC CHAR NORM K11 K22 K33 K12 K23 K13 Cl FOLII LINEI C2 FOLD LINE2 name of the specimen 6 mean susceptibility in the order of 10 SI 6 absolute value of the mean susceptibility in the order of 10 SI components of normed AMS tensor in the geographic system code for the 1 pair of mesoscopic foliation and lineation azimuth of dip and dip of the 1 foliation trend and plunge of the 1 lineation code for the 2 pair of
76. upper position is longer than 3 5 s The Up Down execution time can be checked using AKey 8 in Axiliary Menu of Sufar program Set the Up Down Mechanism to down position AKey 8 and switch off the instrument Remove the rear panel of the Pick Up Unit so that you can see inside After loosening the small screw remove the arm of the holder Check the position of the white teflon ring to reinstall it later into the same position and angle orientation Then remove the screw and the washer and at last the white teflon ring Using two cleaning papers clean the space inside the cylinder Insert the papers into the gap between the inner cylinder and outer tube and clean the inner cylinder space by moving papers along inner surface of the cylinder and simultaneously by moving them a little bit up and down Clean the ring also and reinstall it checking its proper position and angle orientation inside the cylinder Tighten the screw fixing the washer gently For easier manipulation it is recommended to use the following size and shape of cleaning paper Paper strip about 30 cm in length of trapezoid shape with bases 5 and 2 cm thickness of about 0 1 mm Do not lubricate the inner cylinder by any lubricant In case the cleaning does not fix the problem do not try to solve it yourself contact the manufacture 61 List of Error Messages of the System KLY 4S CS 3 Error message E1 INIT ERR xxH E2 CS 3 UNIT ON E2 CS 3 UNIT OFF
77. uter has the outlook whose example is shown The cooling curve is illustrated on the screen as dashed line 74 BULK Transferred xx 96 Range 1 423 susc 158 9E 06 300 A m Temp 52 5 Heat 084 Tmax 700 Tmin 40 20 40 HAEMAT CUR 60 80 100 120 Heating 140 160 Cooling 180 200 1Menu 2 3 4 5STOP 6 7 8 9 10 The measurement can be aborted any time using STOP Key F5 The heating is switched off but the program does not terminate until the temperature is lower than 100 C Do not manipulate with measuring tube and with the thermometer until the program terminates The message BULK in the uppermost line alternates during measurement with the message Zeroing in progress It informs the operator that only the bulk susceptibility is measured The message Transferred informs us of how large part of the signal has been transferred from the measuring unit for further evaluation during each Bulk measurement The message Range informs us of the measuring range set up in the autoranging mode to measure the specimen The leftmost number in the second line 423 in our example is the succession number of the measurement of the pair of susceptibility and temperature values The susc is the measured total susceptibility value while Temp is the measured temperature value in degrees centigrade The value Heat contains an information of the heating intensity in arbitrary units The values Tmax and Tmin are the
78. uter s monitors Do not place the instrument to a draughty room Air condition may sometimes cause higher thermal drift of coils prevent the direct air flowing in the room The temperature in the room should be stable as much as possible The temperature variation in the room should not exceed 2 C hour Place the instrument and pick up unit on a wooden table with good stability which has no iron loop under working desk It is recommended to place the pick up unit on a separate stand or a small table which should be of such a height so that the middle of the pick up unit coincides with the level of the working table This arrangement makes the operation easier During measurement prevent motion of magnetically significant parts metal parts of chairs doors furniture watches rings tools components of your clothes etc Interconnection of Units Fig 1 shows the Interconnection Scheme If you are installing only Kappabridge do not care CS 3 unit and its accessories Be sure the instrument is unplugged from mains during connecting the cables Fix the connectors by screws plug the mains socket and switch the Kappabridge on 16 Interconnection Scheme KLY 4 CS 3 16 Interconnection Scheme KLY 4 CS 3 SUIBYIS uorgoeuuo219 u E S SA TM 1 Big log Wd oAU313Yy u3aU s Fp leuna oo tl dsnd 3503 ad mod uU L Wulgg i E wale Alot tos LINN RELE 4n 3344 ddo l Ht
79. ve the right results Ultrasonic cleaning is a very effective and a very quick procedure for cleaning measuring vessels Cotton wool wound on a skewer is used for mechanical cleaning of the specimen vessel interior Cotton wool can be soaked with various solvents e g acetone spirit Chemical cleaning is needed if a specimen was smelted during a measurement A m Contact a chemist for rules for manipulation with acids before using following procedure Be careful while operating with acids put acid in a cylindrical vessel made from laboratory glass put acid in the specimen vessel insert the specimen vessel into the acid let acid act for several hours exchange acid several times 68 pour acid out rinse the specimen vessel with water several times dry the vessel carefully Some recommended acids a HCI b H580 C the strongest acid is the chrome sulphur acid prepared as follows use 15g of K5Cr O and 200 ml cm of concentrated H2SO4 crush finely K2Cr0 in a porcelain or achate mill dissolve this powder in concentrate H2SO4 Cooling System The CS 3 apparatus is equipped with a closed water circle for shielding the pick up coil of the KLY 4S Kappabridge from the hot furnace The main parts of the cooling system are double mantle of the furnace pipes flow indicator and water container with pump Correct flow of the cooling water is monitored during the operation of the apparatus by cont
80. written on the standard Any Changes Y N If the Susc value is the same as the higher one written on the standard to be used for the instrument calibration one inputs N or CR and the procedure is terminated If the value is different one has to input Y and then the correct value Then the procedure is finished Note If you change the calibration standard nominal value the Holder is reset to zero See AKey 3 and AKey 4 45 Function AKey3 Cal Sufar This procedure serves for the calibration of the instrument This calibration is made as for the bulk susceptibility value along the x3 axis of the standard as well as for the anisotropy represented by the susceptibility difference between the standard susceptibility along the x3 axis and the perpendicular direction the standard is fixed in the holder in the first measuring position see Fig 3 After activating this procedure through pressing the AKey F3 the calibration procedure starts and the following information subsequently appear on the computer screen AUX 300 A m ANISO CALIBRATION 05 15 2003 08 13 47 Bulk Cos Sin Delta GainA GainB OLD 136 7 E 03 54 85 E 03 0 00 E400 22 77 1 0023 1 0005 MEAS 136 6 E 03 54 84 E 03 38 51E 06 22 77 1 0023 1 0005 NEW 136 7 E 03 54 85 E 03 0 00 E400 22 81 1 0027 1 0008 c Press CR to save calibration data Bulk displays the values of the bulk susceptibility of the standard along the x3 axis Cos shows the va

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