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User Manual - EndRun Technologies

1. systimemodeconfig ice ESTRENO tea RETURN 1 CERTO ETT TEC TERN Un eed eroi ein E o upgradekernel 05 upgraderootfs teas 00 00 W WE O aS e A OD Sonoma User Manual e ec s s t c t c tn Sonware eee 87 WISH CODE tid dees incr iren 87 Get SW Opl acs ose rhe kde hh heh SEER CS SSE SASH e s 87 Software Option Bit Definitions 88 CPU Module 08 Programmable Pulse Output PPO 89 View and Change the PPO 89 E 89 View and Change the 1PPS Configuration 89 Time Code oe tee tete de este eere e d RU Res ies 90 View and Change the Time Code Configuration cceli 90 Fixed Rate Output 10 MPPS etc 90 View the Fixed Rate Output Connector 90 Alarm Output m 91 Vie
2. 8 Configuring Ethernet with the Serial Port 9 Connect RS 232 Serial 1 0 9 Testthe Serial Poit 5e o ra sess ii E at esie me dle eva acess eel este Qe ere WS ahs fe ere 9 Using netconfig to Set Up Your IP 1 Verify Network Configuration 12 Sonoma User Manual Check Network Operation onte mee Vidal ehm mee GRAY ORAS 14 Using Telnet m Eye eem RR RC cals eee ERR E d RET 14 Ip e 15 Using PI batis Dore eb tns DALLAS UTR 15 Chapter Three Network Time Protocol 17 Configuring the NTP Server 17 Configuring the Sonoma as a Stratum 1 17 Configuring NTP Using the Network Interface or Serial Port 17 Configuring the Sonoma as Stratum 2 Server 20 Edit nip cont File eer e ole Sia RE RR epee WSLS Ge we MSO ao 20 M dace sore ond Biers 20 Setting Up NTP Clients on Unix like Platforms
3. 113 Query and Change Ethernet Ports 114 Redirect Syslog Files to Remote Host 114 Appendix D Third Party Software 115 GNU General Public License 115 NTP Software License 120 120 Sauder seeder Cue rdc IUS 122 Sonoma User Manual Appendix E Installing the Antenna 123 Antena LOUD tu Senet 123 Acquire and Lock Status Sequence 123 Moving Antenna 123 Changing the Channelset 124 Using CDMA Preamplifier 124 Appendix F Leap Seconds 127 Notification of Leap Second 127 Configure for Leap Second 127 Background Information 128 Appendix 6 System Faults 129 a case nates 129 Masking Faults x y RI
4. 50 Invocation of the SNMP daemon 50 Quick Start Configuration SNMPvI V2C 0 ce cece cece ce cece een 50 Change Default Community Strings Passwords 1 5 Configuring SNMPvI Trap Generation 51 Configuring SNMPv2c Notifications and Informs 51 Configuration of SNMPNS 52 Disable or Restrict Access 53 Chapter Seven Hyper Text Transport Protocol Secure HTTPS 55 HTTPS Interface Description 56 Navigation BS abes ex oe E Re Pee OR Sede 57 Page Descriptions 58 Overall Status Page 58 User Manual es sis saa aout eR e dun o tu bre Roe aeo adh ane dn 58 ez eg pese RE EUR ERU dw Ass eet e FI E OE 58 udo ep E Hoe 59 Receiver Receiver Page 60 Cock Pages sce rh E bur Mee Cues 61 Day sel e ee 62 Faulis Sysiem Faulis Page
5. You will now be prompted for the necessary set up parameters kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk MD5 Keyfile Configuration Would you like to create a new ntp keys file yles n o You will be prompted for a key number 1 65534 then the actual key When you have entered all of the keys that you need enter zero at the next prompt for a key number MD5 keys may contain from 1 to 31 ASCII characters They may not contain contain SPACE TAB LF NULL or characters If the key is longer than 20 characters then only the valid hexadecimal characters 0 9 a b e may be used Enter a key number 1 65534 or 0 to quit 1 Enter the key 1 31 ASCII characters EndRun Technologies Writing key number 1 and Key EndRun_Technologies to ntp keys Enter a key number 1 65534 or 0 to quit 2 Enter the key 1 31 ASCII characters Sonoma Writing key number 2 and Key Sonoma to ntp keys Enter a key number 1 65534 or 0 to quit 0 NTP Authentication Configuration Do you want authentication enabled using some or all of the keys in the ntp keys file yles nlo 18 Sonoma User Manual NETWORK TIME PROTOCOL NTP You will be prompted for the key numbers 1 65534 that you want NTP to trust The key numbers you enter must exist in your ntp keys file If you do
6. 101 Upgrade via the HTTPS Interface 101 Upgrade via the Console Port 103 Performing the Linux Subsystem RFS Upgrade 103 Transfer FilefoSonomd eee 103 Recovering from a Failed RFS Upgrade 104 Performing the Linux Subsystem Kernel Upgrade 105 Recovering from a Failed Kernel Upgrade 106 Performing the CDMA Subsystem Upgrade 107 Problems with the CDMA Subsystem Upgrade 108 Performing the CDMA Receiver Upgrade 108 Problems with the CDMA Receiver Upgrade 109 Appendix C Helpful Linux Information 111 linur Usei ies ias cot ctw DH a ta 111 Link Cont dn ds ce S 111 Detailed Information Is Available 111 Change Password 4 4 as E ORAS AVA e AIR baa eee IRR 112 List Activo Processes emer ee net eee rere eese E 112 NTP Monitoring and Troubleshooting ccc cce II 112 RARO M o 113 Change Log In 5
7. The PTP implementation in the Sonoma is based on the distribution at the PTPd website http ptpd sourceforge net For more information about the ptpd daemon and to obtain PTP Slave software refer to the PTPd website When downloading PTP Slave software from the PTPd website be sure to obtain this ver sion ptpd 2 2 2 tar gz An excellent book which describes the PTP Master and Slave operation 15 Measurement Control and Communication using IEEE 1588 John C Eidson Springer November 2006 More information on IEEE 1588 PTP can be found at the NIST National Institute of Standards and Technology IEEE 1588 website http www nist gov el 1sd ieee prodinfo1588 cfm 3 Sonoma User Manual Two Gigabit Ports PTP Configuration and Status CHAPTER FOUR The PTP daemon status and configuration is supported from two PTP companion utilities ptpstatx and ptpconfigx where x is network port 0 eth 1 eth1 The following table shows the Sonoma utilities that pertain to PTP ptpstato ptpconfigO ptpstati ptpconfigl PTP can be enabled on one or both network ports etho and eth1 If PTP is enabled on only one port then etho is the network port identifier and you would use ptpstat0 and ptpcon igo for status and configuration If PTP is enabled on both ports then both etho and eth1 will be used The default PTP configuration settings in the Sonoma are shown below If you need to modify these settings then you will nee
8. eem cw 62 Faults Receiver Pages e na core Re e rre eve 62 Faults Fault Mask Page 1 2 5 hr eth Rhythm nh R 62 Neiwork IPy4 Page 1 72 Roe o hber rere Un pie er a vehe RS M E gU 63 Network IPv6 Page de Le Ire regere Sica rn uel oe ie seek DR Eire eoe AS 63 Network DNS Page sca Sittin 3 6 etit ach ura Roh ow le be ee ais OUS IDs e e 63 Network Address 0 eee ce eee IA 43 nnn 63 NIP Page UU CM eI 63 NTP NTPDocumentdion 52 45 4 445 544 9 4 ee 64 Status and Configuration 64 Firmware Firmware Status 64 Sonoma User Manual Firmware Linux RFS Upgrade Firmware Linux Kernel Upgrade Firmware CDMA Subsystem Upgrade Page Firmware CDMA Receiver Upgrade Page Firmware Reboot Page Disable or Restrict Access Chapter Eight IPv6 IPv6 Capabilities OpenSSH Apache HTTP Net SNMP NIP eese s IPv4 Only Protocols Chapter Nine Console Port Control and Status Console Ports General Linux Operation Available User Commands Detailed Command Descriptions accessconfig caldel
9. EndRun C VAN TECHNOLOGIES Checking and Identifying the Hardware Chapter Two Basic Installation This chapter will guide you through the most basic checkout and physical installation of your Sonoma Time Server See Chapter 3 NTP for instructions on how to configure your unit as an NTP Server See Chapter 4 PTP IEEE 1588 for instructions on how to configure your unit as an optional PTP Grandmaster Other chapters and appendices will give you the information needed to configure your installation for the maximum performance in your operating environment Basic familiarity with TCP IP networking protocols like ping telnet and tp is required Though some familiarity with Linux or other Unix like operating systems would be helpful it is not essen tial If you satisfy these conditions the instructions provided herein should guide you to a successful installation For a brief description of some helpful Linux commands and utilities see Appendix C Helpful Linux Information Unpack and check all the items using the shipment packing list Contact the factory if anything is missing or damaged The Sonoma N12 Time Server CDMA shipment typically contains Sonoma N12 part 3028 0001 000 3028 variant Sonoma N12 User Manual part USM3028 0000 000 on CD part 5102 0001 000 EC 320 AC Power Cord part 0501 0003 000 This part will not be present if using the DC power option DB9F to DB9F Null Modem Serial I O
10. accessconfig This command starts an interactive script that will allow the root user to configure access limitation via telnet ssh and snmp to the Sonoma By default the unit is configured to allow access by all users If you need to limit te1net ssh or snmp access e g for security reasons you must run this script as root from either the RS 232 serial I O port or telnet or ssh session This script modifies these files etc hosts allow and etc hosts deny These are non volatilely stored in the FLASH disk boot etc directory You must reboot the Sonoma after running this script for the changes to take effect Command accessconfig Sonomareply Interactive script is started caldelay This command displays the current calibration delay setting The allowable calibration delay range 15 500 000 nanoseconds Command caldelay Sonoma reply 0 nanoseconds cdmachannelset This command displays the CDMA channelset currently being used by the CDMA Subsystem It can be one of North American Cellular South Korean Cellular North American PCS Indian Cellular or for certain units Japanese Cellular Command cdmachannelset Sonoma reply Channelset is North American PCS cdmaleapconfig Leap seconds affect NTP UTC and Local Time not GPS Time Leap second insertions occur about once every two three years This command starts an interactive shell script that will guide you as root user in configuring the leap seconds Yo
11. ii i eee vau vio C a ii Extended Warran ii Limitation of Warranty ii Warranty T EXP NUN gots ante Bea iii Repair After Warranty Expiration iii Limitation of Liability iii Chapter Introduction S chen en cast wate mata hah Me er usto adnata Time Synchronization Components CDMA Timing How It Works 2 Where to le ll Obs ts ae Lee Ae imd 3 Client Slave Software 3 Chapter Two Basic Installation 0 cc ec ee eee ee eee eee 5 Checking and Identifying the Hardware 5 Sonoma Physical Description 6 Performing a Site 7 Installing the 8 Connecting the Optional DC Power 8 Connecting and Configuring
12. you will see command prompt ntpq gt Use the command peers to display the NTP peers which your computer is using One of them should be the Sonoma server which you have just configured You should verify that it is being reached You may have to con tinue issuing the peers command for a minute or two before you will see the reach count increment You can verify that authentication is being used by issuing the command associations to display the characteristics of the client server associations In the auth column of the display you should see OK for the row corresponding to the Sonoma server If you see bad you should wait a few minutes to be sure that there is a problem since is the initial state of this setting If the bad indication persists then you must check your configuration for errors Typically this is due to a typing error in creating the etc ntp keys file on the client that causes a mismatch between the keys being used by the server and client If you transfer the file by tp or sep this shouldn t be a problem It is also possible to have a typing error in the etc ntp conf file that causes the needed key to not be included in the trustedkey list Unix like Platforms Broadcast Multicast NTP Client Setup Broadcast multicast client setup is relatively simple if You have been able to successfully communicate with the Sonoma on your network Your
13. F W 6010 0063 000 Ver 1 04 FPGA 6020 0008 000 Ver 01 JAN 28 13 08 52 2013 serialnumber This command shows the serial number of the Sonoma The serial number is not available using this command for units shipped before August 2015 Command serialnumber Sonoma reply 15080056 setcaldelay This command starts an interactive utility that allows you to change the clock calibration delay This setting is used to advance or retard the clock in order to compensate for antenna cable length or other external hardware or cabling Allowable range is 500 000 nanoseconds Command setcaldelay Sonoma reply Interactive utility is started setcdmachannelset This command sets the CDMA channelset to be used by the CDMA Subsystem By factory default the channelset is North American Cellular unless the unit is configured for Japanese Cellular opera tion In that case the hardware configuration limits operation to only the Japanese Cellular band and this command will have no affect The command requires one argument which may be one of these 81 Sonoma User Manual CHAPTER NINE four strings NAC North American Cellular SKC South Korean Cellular NAP North American PCS or IND India Cellular Command setcdmachannelset NAP Sonoma reply Channelset is North American PCS setpwrfltmask Optional See Chapter 10 Options Masking Dual Power Supply Fault Alarms for information on this com mand setsigfltmask This command allows
14. Security 41 Linux Operating System 41 E Nen aes 42 Restrict Access Telnet SSH 42 Restrict Access HTTPS pn a e Gee RO E M aen 43 Restrict Query Access NTP 2 0 0 cee ee ee eee ee eee ee eee 3n 43 Disable Protocols Senara onn aba aussie nate na Medan Med 44 Disable Telnet Time and Daytime 44 Disable SNMP SSH and HTTPS 45 Re Enable SNMP SSH and HTTPS 45 isthe Protocol Disabled sae i ea EH a a a DG E 45 OpenSSH Raney anteater 46 Configure Keys eee ae 46 47 Configure Certificate and Key 20 ccc cc ccc cece eee IIIA 4 NIP neon PR Ue RR MMU et ou Ba ue E ARTE M LEER 48 Network Security Vulnerabilities 48 Sonoma User Manual Chapter Six Simple Network Management Protocol SNMP 49 SNMPv3 Security inne aceon tet bo hae GO aMule 49 Enterprise Management Information Base MIB
15. This interactive utility will guide you in configuring the ptp daemon configuration file that controls its operation on port 0 You will be able to configure the PTP sync interval announce interval priorityl priority2 delay mechanism ptp domain time mode and time to live TTL The changes you make now will not take effect until you re boot If you make a mistake just re run ptpconfig0O prior to re booting HF HF HF You will now be prompted for the necessary set up parameters kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk PTP Sync Interval Configuration Set the PTP Sync Interval in packets per second 1 2 4 8 16 32 64 128 1 PTP announce interval Configuration Set the PTP Announce Interval in seconds 1 2 4 8 16 16 PTP Priority1 Configuration Set the Priorityl value 0 255 12 PTP Priority2 Configuration oo Set the PTP Priority2 value 0 255 12 PTP Delay Mechanism E2E or P2P Set the PTP Delay Mechanism E2E or P2P P2P PTP Domain Configuration Set the PTP Domain value 0 255 0 PTP Time Mode Configuration Set the PTP Time Mode UTC or PTP PTP PTP TTL Configuration Set the PTP TTL value 1 255 1 35 Sonoma User Manual CHAPTER FOUR kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk
16. You should verify that it is being reached You may have to continue issuing the peers command for a minute or two before you will see the reach count incre ment If you have other peers configured verify that the offset information for the Sonoma server peer and your other peers is in agreement to within a few milliseconds assuming that the other peers are synchronized to that level of accuracy It may also be useful to start the NTP daemon in debug mode to confirm successful con figuration Refer to the NTP documentation for detailed usage of these debug utilities Unix like Platforms MD5 Authenticated NTP Client Setup MDS authenticated setup is relatively simple if You have been able to successfully communicate with the Sonoma on your network Your Sonoma has been configured to perform authentication either by factory default or by run ning the ntpcon ig shell script The example Sonoma authentication configuration shown in Con figuring NTP Using the Network Interface or Serial Port above will be assumed in the example configuration commands shown here You have installed NTP on your client computer You have successfully performed the Unix like Platforms Basic NTP Client Setup on your client computer Create the ntp keys File You must create file named ntp keys in the etc directory It must be a copy of the one residing in the etc directory of your Sonoma You can telnet into
17. 707 573 8633 support endruntechnologies com Part No USM3028 0000 000 Revision 2 July 2015 Copyright EndRun Technologies 2013 2015 Sonoma User Manual About This Manual This manual will guide you through simple installation and set up procedures Introduction The Sonoma N12 how it works where to use it its main features Basic Installation How to connect configure and test your Sonoma with your network NTP Server and Client Set Up Two client sections one for Unix like platforms and one for Windows Network Protocols Covers Security SNMP HTTP IPv6 and PTP IEEE 1588 Console Port Description of the console commands for use over the network and serial ports Options Description of any optional features that your Sonoma might have If you detect any inaccuracies or omissions please inform us EndRun Technologies cannot be held responsible for any technical or typographical errors and reserves the right to make changes to the product and manuals without prior notice Warranty This product manufactured by EndRun Technologies is warranted against defects in material and workmanship for a period of three years from date of shipment under normal use and service Dur ing the warranty period EndRun Technologies will repair or replace at its option products which prove to be defective For warranty service or repair this product must be returned to EndRun Technologies Buyer shall prepay shipping char
18. Advanced users who need these capabilities will need to edit these two files directly and then copy them to the boot etc directory See Appendix C Helpful Linux Information Using Editors Be careful to maintain the proper ownership and access permissions by using p when copying the files Restrict Access 5 To control access via HTTPS you must edit the etc httpd httpd conf file and add the equivalent deny followed by allow directives For example the default file contains these lines Directory AllowOverride none Require all denied lt Directory gt To restrict access and allow a specific host with IP address xxx xxx xxx xxx you would modify the directives as so lt Directory gt Require host xxx Xxx XXX XXX lt Directory gt After making your changes you must copy the edited file to the non volatile FLASH area cp p etc httpd httpd conf boot etc httpd Restrict Query Access NTP The Network Time Protocol NTP implementation in the Sonoma is built from the reference distri bution from http www ntp org By factory default remote control and query of the NTP daemon ntpd is disabled Query only op eration is supported only from processes running on the Sonoma itself i e from the localhost This restricts access to ntpd from remote hosts using either of the two NTP companion utilities ntpq and ntpdc 43 Sonoma User Manual Disable Protocols CHAPTER FIVE Control via these two
19. LF gt MsgID GPZDA Field 1 175658 00 UTC time at 1PPS hhmmss ss Field 2 20 Day 01 to 31 Field 3 05 Month 01 to 12 Field 4 2008 Year 1980 to 2079 Field 5 07 Local time zone hour offset from UTC for east longitude Field 6 00 Local time zone minutes offset from UTC Checksum 69 Msg End lt CR gt lt LF gt Your Sonoma can be configured with several optional power supply inputs which are listed in Appen dix H Specifications Dual redundant power supplies are also available DC Power Input The DC power input uses a a 3 position terminal block and replaces the standard AC power input jack 09 eel 96 Sonoma User Manual OPTIONS Connecting the DC Power Connect the safety ground terminal to earth ground Connect the terminal to the positive output of the DC power source Connect the terminal to the negative output of the DC power source Note that the Sonoma has a floating internal power supply therefore either the positive or negative output of the DC power source can be referenced to earth ground This unit will not operate if the connections are reversed however it will not be damaged by a reverse connection SHOCK ENERGY HAZARD Install in Restricted Access Location Use 10 14 AWG copper wire only Terminal block screw torque 9 Ib in 1 ne Branch circuit must have circuit breaker 15A or less Power must be sourced via two pole disconnect device Ins
20. LF gt is the ASCII line feed character 0x0A 1 lt CR gt lt LF gt Q WWW DDMMMY Y HH MM SS lt CR gt lt LF gt Q is the time quality indicator and may be either lt space gt ASCII space character 0x20 which indicates locked ASCII question mark 0x3F which indicates the unsynchronized condition 18 the space character 0x20 WWW 18 the day of week MON TUE THU FRI SAT DD 18 the day of month 1 31 MMM is the month JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC YY Is the two digit year is the colon character 0x3A HH is the hour of the day 00 23 MM is the minute of the hour 00 59 SS is the second of the minute 00 60 lt CR gt is the ASCII carriage return character 0x0D The first lt CR gt is the on time character lt LF gt is the ASCII line feed character 0x0A NENA8 CR LF2Q YYYY DDD HH MM SS D ZZ CR LF Q 18 the time quality indicator and may be either space ASCII space character 0x20 which indicates locked ASCII question mark 0x3F which indicates the unsynchronized condition 18 the space character 0x20 YYYY 18 the four digit year DDD 18 the day of year 001 366 is the colon character 0x3A HH is the hour of the day 00 23 MM is the minute of the hour 00 59 SS is the second of the minute 00 60 d is the DST indicator S I D O ZZ or time zone offset relative to UTC 00 12 lt CR gt is the ASCII carriage return c
21. Positive TTL pulse 500 Signal TTL DC shift Format User selectable to IRIG B 000 IEEE 1344 002 003 NASA 36 2137 Connector Rear panel BNC jack labeled DCCODE Note change the time code format refer to Chapter 10 Options Programmable Pulse Output PPO Positive TTL pulse 500 on BNC jack User Selectable Output Type On time pulse rate Rate User selectable to 1 10 100 IK 10K 100K 1M 5M 10M PPS IPPM IPP2S Duty Cycle 50 except 1PPS which mimics 1PPS Output defined above Accuracy lt 107 to UTC for 24 hour averaging times when locked Stability Oy t lt 10 for v lt 10 seconds lt 10 for t gt 10 seconds Connector Rear panel BNC jack labeled Note To change the output selection refer to Chapter 10 Options 136 Sonoma User Manual SPECIFICATIONS Direct Digital Synthesizer Output DDS Positive TTL pulse 500 on BNC jack User Selectable Output Type Synthesized pulse rate Rate User selectable 1 PPS to 10 MPPS in IPPS steps Accuracy lt 107 to UTC for 24 hour averaging times when locked Stability lt 10 for x lt 10 seconds lt 10 t for gt 10 seconds Connector Rear panel BNC jack labeled DDS Note To change the output selection refer to Chapter 10 Options Alarm Output MMBT2222A open collector grounded emitter High impedance in alarm state Voltage 40 VDC maximum Saturation Current 100
22. Sonoma has been configured to perform broadcasts or multicasts by running the ntpconfig shell script This is not the factory default configuration so be sure to run ntpconfig If you going to use MDS authentication your Sonoma must have been configured to operate with authenti 23 Sonoma User Manual cation in the broadcast multicast mode and you must know which of the trusted keys it is using for broadcast multicast operation The example Sonoma configuration shown in Configuring the NTP Server above will be assumed in the example configuration commands shown here You have installed NTP on your client computer You have successfully performed the Unix like Platforms MD5 Authenticated NTP Client Setup on your client computer if you plan to use MD5 authentication Configure NTP Client for Broadcast You must edit the ntp conf file which ntpd the NTP daemon looks for by default in the etc direc tory Assuming that your Sonoma server has been configured to use key 2 for broadcast authentica tion as shown in the example in Configuring the NTP Server above make sure that key 2 is included in the trustedkey line and add this line to the end of ntp conf file broadcastclient If you are not using MD5 authentication you would add these lines disable auth broadcastclient You may remove the line added previously in Unix like Platforms Basic NTP Client Setup server 192 168 1 120 t
23. To re enable on Port 0 remove the rc ptpd0 file from the etc rc d directory as shown below rm boot etc rc d rc ptpdO Then reboot If PTP is also installed on Port 1 then follow the instructions above using re ptpd7 40 Sonoma User Manual EndRun C VAN TECHNOLOGIES Linux Operating System Chapter Five Security Your Sonoma incorporates several important security features to prevent unauthorized tampering with its operation Many of these are standard multiple user access control features of the underlying Linux operating system which controls the Sonoma Others are provided by the additional protocol servers selected for inclusion in your Sonoma and the way that they are configured Secure user authentication and session privacy while performing routine monitoring and maintenance tasks are provided by the OpenSSH implementations of the secure shell daemon sshd and its com panion secure copy utility sep The Apache implementation of the Hyper Text Transport Protocol HTTP with Secure Sockets Layer SSL daemon httpd provides for a secure encrypted session with a digital certificate The NET SNMP implementation of the Simple Network Management Protocol SNMP daemon snmpd conforms to the latest Internet standard known as SNMPv3 which also supports secure user authentication and session privacy In addition the Network Time Proto col daemon ntpd supports client server authentication security measure
24. UTC this setting only affects any optional Time Code or Serial Time outputs To change the time mode setting use the syst imemodeconfig command via the console port Local Manual means the user enters the time zone offset and the DST Local Auto means that the time zone offset is decoded from the CDMA signal 61 Sonoma User Manual CHAPTER SEVEN Time Zone Offset This field shows the offset from UTC and is only valid when the Time Mode is Local Manual A positive time zone offset implies a longitude east of the Greenwich meridian To change the time zone use the syst imemodeconfig command In Local Auto mode the time zone is decoded from the CDMA signal Daylight Saving This field will show whether DST control is enabled or not Time DST fields are only used when the Time Mode is Local Manual If the Time Mode is Local Auto then this field will show automatic DST Start These fields will only display if the Daylight Saving Time field above shows DST End enabled If DST is enabled then these fields show when DST starts and ends during the year For example in most of the U S A the DST Start Time 15 the 2nd Sunday in March at 2 a m The DST End Time is the Ist Sunday in November at 2 a m To change the DST settings use the syst imemodeconfig command Current amp Future These fields show the leap second settings which are user entered Use the Leap Seconds cdmaleapmodeconfig command to change the settings See Appendix F Leap S
25. V3 2012 04 AS NZS CISPR 22 2009 A1 FCC Part 15 Subpart B Sections 15 107 and 15 109 Data subject to change EndRun Technologies may make changes to specifications and product descriptions at any time without notice 137 Sonoma User Manual APPENDIX H 2 REV D Y R 10 10 10 80 R e R 19 00 gt 18 34 17 15 MAX 1 66 lt 1 70 Ty 11 738 o amp i 16 88 NOTE DRAWING SUBJECT CHANGE WITHOUT NOTICE EadRun 5 Fractions Domus maes TECHNOLOGIES Santa Rosa CA e Ome amp SONOMA N Series CDMA GPS CHASSIS DIMENSIONS UnivAC EndRun DRAWN A REV D LOBSINGER C N A NC VIEW A A FRONT PANEL TASEP2013 DJL sae Q 51 24SEP2013 1 OF 1 j 138 Sonoma User Manual SPECIFICATIONS EndRun TECHNOLOGIES DECLARATION OF CONFORMITY According to ISO IEC GUIDE 22 and EN 45014 Manufacturer s Name EndRun Technologies LLC Manufacturers Address 2270 NorthpointParkway Santa Rosa California 95407 U SA DECLARES THAT THE PRODUCT Product Name Network Time Server Model Number 3026 222 Sonoma DSerssGDMA Network T ime Server 3027 X Y YY ZZZ Sonoma GPS Network Ti
26. a mismatch between the keys being used by the server and client If you transfer the file by tp or scp this shouldn t be a prob lem It is also possible to have a typing error in the ntp conf file that causes the needed key to not be included in the trustedkey list 31 Sonoma User Manual This page intentionally left blank 32 Sonoma User Manual EndRun C VAN TECHNOLOGIES Option About PTP Chapter Four Precision Time Protocol PTP IEEE 1588 This chapter contains the configuration and status information for the optional Precision Time Pro tocol PTP version 2 is supported The PTP protocol running on the Sonoma is a full Grandmaster Clock default profile implementation of the IEEE 1588 2008 standard The PTP IEEE 1588 protocol is an optional feature in the Sonoma Time Server Read Chapter 10 Options Software Options if you need information on how to install a software option To see whether this option is installed on your Sonoma use the get_sw_opts command Command get_sw_opts Sonoma reply 00000000000000000000000000000000 In this case there is no PTP option installed Contact EndRun Technologies if you would like to obtain PTP for one or both ports In the cases below PTP is installed Command get_sw_opts Sonoma reply 00000000000000000000000000000001 PTP installed on port 0 only or Sonoma reply 00000000000000000000000000000011 installed on ports 0 and 1
27. bits can be difficult for non programmers For a more user friendly method of reading the fault status use the faultstat command For details on each system fault see Appendix G System Faults 0 FLASH Writes FPGA CDMA Signal System Oscillator Configuration DAC Char 1 CDMA Subsystem CDMA Reference CDMA Receiver ENF NNE NEUES Char 2 System N A Secondary Primary Oscillator PLL Power Supply Power Supply 75 Sonoma User Manual CHAPTER NINE Char 3 System Power N A N A N A Configuration The Sonoma response shown below is an example that shows TFOM 6 the time and date the cur rent and future leap seconds 16 the signal processor is locked the CDMA channel is NAP 01 A the PNO is 369 the AGC is 197 the VCDAC is 28233 the EFCDAC is 346593 the signal to noise ratio is 3 2 and the frame error rate is 0 049 Command cdmastat Sonoma reply LOCKED TFOM 6 2013 40 20 47 50 16 16 2 NAP_01_A 369 197 28233 346593 3 2 0 049 0000 0000 cdmaversion This command displays the firmware and hardware versions of the CDMA Subsystem Command cdmaversion Sonoma reply F W 6010 0071 000 Ver 0 50 FPGA 6020 0012 000 Ver 01 FEB 01 16 56 37 2013 cpuio Optional See Chapter 10 Options CPU Module Options for information on this command cpuioconfig Optional See Chapter 10 Options CPU Module Options for information on this command cpustat This command shows a group of
28. configuring the NTP Subsystem Allows configuration of MDS authentication and broadcast multicast mode All parameters are retained in non volatile FLASH disk storage ntpstat Prints the values of several key parameters indicating the status of the NTP daemon These include the current offset between the NTP steered system clock and the CDMA Subsystem clock and the current counts of received packets sent packets and dropped packets In addition the current sent packet rate is shown oscctrlstat Prints the system oscillator disciplining parameters Used to change the password for the user that you are logged in as ptpconfigO Interactive script that guides you in configuring parameters for ptpconfigl the optional PTP IEEE 1588 protocol See Chapter 4 PTP optional IEEE 1588 for more information ptpstatO Prints the status of the optional PTP IEEE 1588 Subsystem See Chapter 4 PTP IEEE 1588 for more information optional pwrfltmask Prints the current settings of the optional Dual Power Supply optional Input Fault Alarm Masks See Chapter 10 Options Masking Dual Power Supply Fault Alarms for more information revrversion Prints the CDMA Receiver firmware and FPGA version infor serialnumber Prints the serial number of the Sonoma The serial number is not available using this command for units shipped before August 2015 setcaldelay An interactive utility that allows you to change the clock cal
29. describes the Sonoma control and status commands used via the Linux console The console is accessed via any of the Ethernet ports or the RS 232 serial port The Sonoma supports several application specific commands for configuration and for monitoring the performance and sta tus of the Linux and CDMA Subsystems You do not need knowledge of Linux commands in order to operate the Sonoma However the So noma does support a subset of the standard Linux commands and utilities and it uses the bash shell which is the Linux standard full featured shell A wealth of information is available from a variety of other sources on Linux The Sonoma specific commands will be described in this chapter For a brief description of some of the most useful Unix Linux commands see Appendix C Helpful Linux Information Three interface ports are available on the Sonoma N12 Two are 10 100 1000Base T Ethernet ports and one is an RS 232 serial port Network cables and a serial cable are provided with each Sonoma shipment The serial cable is wired as a null modem adapter and can be used to connect the Sonoma to the serial port on your computer Detailed specifications on the ports including the RS 232 pinout are in Appendix H Specifications You do not need to know Linux in order to operate the Sonoma However for those interested the command shell used by the Sonoma is the Linux standard bash All commands and file names are case sensitive which is standard
30. firmware image from our website The Sonoma firmware consists of four different binary files You may only need one or two of them The revision history on our website will tell you which files need to be upgraded The four firmware image files are for the Linux Subsystem RFS root file system the Linux Subsystem Kernel the CDMA Subsystem and the CDMA Receiver Here is the website link http www endruntechnologies com upgradesonoma htm Performing the Linux Subsystem RFS Upgrade There are two FLASH disk partitions which hold the compressed Linux root file system images These partitions are raw FLASH blocks have no file system and may not be mounted They are accessed through low level device drivers To protect the factory root file system from accidental erasure or over writing the upgrade utilties you will be using will only access the upgrade root file system partiton When performing an upgrade you will be erasing and then copying the new image to this device First you need to download the Linux Subsystem RFS firmware from the EndRun website to a place on your network which is accessible to the Sonoma The link to the Sonoma upgrade page is shown above Some browsers will automatically unzip the file when downloading from the website Please make sure that the downloaded file size matches what the website says it should be Upgrading the partition with a too large file size will cause problems Transfer File to Sonoma You may tra
31. for Unix like operating systems For a brief description of some of the most useful Unix Linux commands see Appendix C Helpful Linux Information If you are unfamiliar with Unix like operating systems and you would like to be able to more closely monitor or optimize the performance of your Sonoma then you should consult good Linux reference books or the Linux Documentation Project at http www tldp org 69 Sonoma User Manual Available User Commands CHAPTER NINE COMMAND FUNCTION accessconfig Interactive script that guides you in configuring telnet ssh and snmpd access to the Sonoma that is limited to specific hosts The resulting etc hosts allow and etc hosts deny files are saved to the non volatile FLASH disk Factory default configuration allows access by all hosts caldelay Prints the calibration delay See the setcaldelay command cdmachannelset Prints the current CDMA channelset being used It can be one of North American Cellular South Korean Cellular North American PCS Indian Cellular or Japanese Cellular See the setcdmachannelset command cdmaleapconfig Guides the user in configuring the way in which UTC leap sec onds are handled either automatically via CDMA basestation transmissions or by user entered current and future leap second parameters See the cdmaleapmode command cdmaleapmode Prints the current CDMA leap second mode of operation either automatic or user entered If user entered prints the cu
32. get started with the web interface simply point your browser to the IP address of the Sonoma and log in securely with HTTPS Following are examples for IPv4 and IPv6 IPv4 http 192 168 1 1 IPv6 http fe80 0 0 0 20e f3f fe01 1f Do not forget the brackets A warning dialog page will be presented for the certificate Acknowledge the dialog page and the server will continue to load protected by SSL The browser should change from http to https indi cating that the page is protected by SSL To maximize security you should replace the SSL cate See Chapter 5 Security HTTPS for details Below is a picture of the login page EndRun TECHNOLOGIES Smarter Timing Solutions Firmware Faults Network Clock Receiver Sonoma Network Time Server CDMA Synchronized Overall Status Gecemandal Login first Username m Password Logout 50 Sonoma User Manual HTTPS INTERFACE Navigation The main menu tabs across the top of each webpage allow you to navigate through the status infor mation in the Sonoma while links on the left side of each webpage provide subcategory navigation For example in the page below the main menu tabs are Home Plots Receiver Clock I O Faults Network NTP PTP and Firmware The subcategory links on this particular page are IPv4 IPv6 DNS and MAC Address IPv4 is selected The tabs across the top and the left side
33. in order to maintain agreement between UTC and the apparent daylength If this were not done eventually UTC would drift out of sync with Earth s day and many astronomical and navigational problems would ensue The International Earth Rotation Service IERS is the organization responsible for measuring the relationship between UTC and the rotation rate of the Earth When the difference between UTC and apparent Earth time has exceeded a certain threshold the IERS coordinates with the Bureau Interna tional of the Hour BIH to schedule the insertion of a leap second into the UTC time scale The IERS publishes Bulletin C about 6 months in advance of each possible leap second insertion point Leap seconds may only be inserted at UTC midnight of June 30 or December 31 Bulletin C confirms either that a leap second will or will not be inserted at the next possible insertion point Since the introduction of leap seconds in 1961 they have been added approximately once every 18 months The leap seconds which are needed for your Sonoma are actually the difference between GPS and UTC The GPS time scale began on January 6 1980 At that time the UTC timescale had already undergone 19 leapsecond insertion events If you are obtaining your leap second information from the IERS website you will need to subtract 19 from the TAI UTC leap second values published there to obtain GPS UTC the number needed to set the current and future leap seconds for the Sonoma
34. is being subjected to out of specification environ mental conditions this would indicate that the oscillator frequency has drifted near to the end of life region This should normally only occur after at least ten years of operation The unit will continue to function until the oscillator frequency finally reaches the DAC endpoint The unit should be re turned to the factory for oscillator replacement at your convenience CDMA Signal SIG This fault indicates that the CDMA Subsystem has not been able to acquire a CDMA signal for one hour while the Time Figure of Merit has been 9 the unsynchronized condition This could be due to a variety of reasons If there are no other faults that could explain the inability to receive a signal then there could be an antenna failure or blockage If the condition persists indefinitely and a prob lem with the antenna is not evident then please contact EndRun Customer Support 129 Sonoma User Manual APPENDIX 6 CDMA Subsystem FPGA Configuration FPGA This fault indicates that the CDMA Subsystem is unable to configure the FPGA This is a fatal fault Please contact EndRun Customer Support CDMA Subsystem FLASH Writes FLSH This fault indicates that the CDMA Subsystem is unable to verify a write to the FLASH non volatile parameter storage area This should not ever occur under normal operation Please contact EndRun Customer Support CDMA Receiver Communication RCVC This fault indicates that the
35. key values for monitoring the health of the Linux CPU and operat ing system status The format is YYYYMMDD HH MM SS LLL FREEkB TT TC Where YYYY is the year of the UTC timestamp of the most recent update MMDD the month and day of month of the UTC timestamp of the most recent update HH MM SS is the hour minute and second of the UTC timestamp of the most recent update LLL is the percentage of maximum load as returned using the Linux vmstat command FREEKB is the available free memory in kilobytes as returned using the Linux vmstat command TT TC is the temperature in degrees centigrade of the Linux CPU die temperature 76 Sonoma User Manual CONTROL AND STATUS COMMANDS Command cpustat Sonoma reply 20130116 22 24 00 23 320056kB 67 9C faultstat This command returns the summary of all system fault states in a user friendly format It decodes the two fault status words FLTR and FLTS returned in the cdmastat command and displays the result in a tabular form with verbose descriptions See Appendix G System Faults for details Command faultstat Sonoma reply System Fault Status System Oscillator DAC gt OK CDMA Signal gt OK FPGA Configuration OK FLASH Writes gt OK CDMA Receiver Communication OK CDMA Reference Time OK Subsystem Communicat
36. links are logically arranged for easy navigation EndRun Smarter Timing Solutions TECHNOLOGIES Home Plots Receiver Clock Faults Network Sonoma Network Time Server CDMA Synchronized IPv4 _ IPv6 DHCP Disabled Disabled DNS Address 0 0 0 0 192 168 1 206 MAC Address Gateway 0 0 0 0 192 168 1 1 Netmask 0 0 0 0 255 255 255 0 57 Sonoma User Manual CHAPTER SEVEN Page Descriptions Home Overall Status Page Data fields for this page are described below Overall Status Model Sonoma N12 Serial Number Serial number of the Sonoma N12 This field will not be shown for units shipped before August 2015 UTC Time The current UTC date and time is shown This date will show year 1980 if UTC Date the time has not yet been acquired Receiver This is the locked status of the CDMA Subsystem Receiver as follows WRM Warmup period for units with oscillator upgrades ACQ Acquiring Searching for a signal LKG Locking to the CDMA Signal LKD Locked Fully synchronized to signal Stratum The NTP stratum field has these possible values Stratum 1 The server is fully synchronized and accurate Stratum 2 The server is synchronized to a Stratum server Stratum x The server is synchronized to a Stratum x 1 server Stratum 16 The server is unsynchronized NTP clients will not use a Stratum 16 server System Status This field indicates whether a system fault exists Possible values are OK and FAULT If i
37. mA maximum Connector Rear panel BNC jack or terminal block labeled ALARM Serial Time Output Output only port at RS 232 or RS 422 levels Baud Rate User Selectable to 4800 9600 19200 or 57600 Parity User Selectable to Odd Even or None ASCII Formats User Selectable to Sysplex EndRun EndRunX Truetime NENA or NMEA Accuracy The on time characters starts transmitting within the first 20 microsecs of each second Connector RS 232 Rear panel DB 9M connector labeled SERIAL TIME Pinout RS 232 Pin 3 is Transmit Data Pin 5 is GND Connector RS 422 Rear panel DB 9M connector labeled SERIAL TIME RS 422 Pinout RS 422 Pin 3is signal Pin 6 is signal Pin 5 is GND Note See Chapter 10 Options Serial Time Output for more information Fixed Rate Output Positive TTL pulse 500 Rate Preset at Factory and cannot be changed Accuracy 10 to UTC for 24 hour averaging times when locked Stability oy x lt 10 for x 10 seconds lt 10 5 for x gt 10 seconds Connector Rear panel BNC jack labeled with appropriate rate such as 10 MPPS Compliance CE FCC RTTE Directive 1999 5 EC Low Voltage Directive 2006 95 EC EMC Directive 2004 108 EC RoHS RoHS Directive 2011 65 EC WEEE WEEE Directive 2012 19 EC Supplementary Compliance Data Safety EN60950 1 2006 A11 2009 A1 2010 A12 2011 EMC EN55022 2010 EN55024 2010 EN61000 3 2 2006 1 A2 EN61000 3 3 2008 VCCI
38. means North American PCS It takes longer for the Sonoma to search all the PCS signals so do not be surprised if you need to wait a few hours If your Sonoma is still unable to lock to a signal then continue to try for at least a day since base stations are taken down for service from time to time If you have a CDMA phone see if it will work in digital mode If it will then your Sonoma should be able to lock Please contact EndRun Customer Support for assistance Using a CDMA Preamplifier EndRun produces a CDMA Preamplifier which is a very high performance low noise low power drain inline amplifier for difficult signal environments Using the preamplifer you can use a longer cable and locate your antenna up to 100 feet 30 meters away from the Sonoma This may be useful at some facilities where the CDMA signal is poor There is a different preamplifier for PCS cellular and Japanese frequencies So you will need to know which type you want before ordering An Installation Guide for installing a CDMA antenna with preamplifer is shown in Figure 1A and 1B 124 Sonoma User Manval INSTALLING THE CDMA ANTENNA CDMA Antenna Mounting Guidelines with in line amplifier Locating Mounting Site The ideal mounting would be to locate the antenna on a flat preferably metallic surface such as the top of the equipment rack The antenna base is magnetic and will hold in place on steel surfaces Make sure that the antenna is not blocked by la
39. null modem cable to the Sonoma Test the Serial Port You must configure your terminal to use the serial I O port you used in Connect the RS 232 Serial 1 0 Port above You must also configure your terminal as shown below 9 Sonoma User Manual CHAPTER TWO Baud Rate 19200 Data Bits 8 Parity None Stop Bits 1 e Handshaking Flow Control OFF both hardware and software Terminal Emulation if any 100 or similar or Linux After configuring these parameters in your terminal apply power to the Sonoma After about 20 seconds your terminal should display something similar to this kkkkkkkkkkkkkkk kkkkkkkkkkkk kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk 6010 0066 000 Linux Bootloader v1 00 Jan 1 2013 21 24 16 kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk Default kernel FACTORY To override and boot the UPGRADE version of the kernel type UPGRADE within 5 seconds Booting with FACTORY Kernel Default Root File System FACTORY To override and boot the UPGRADE version of the Root File System type UPGRADE within 5 seconds Booting with the FACTORY Root File System These lines are the Linux bootloader boot prompts These prompts will timeout after five seconds and the factory default Linux kernel and the factory default Sonoma root file system will be loaded When the Linux kernel is loaded from FLASH memory into RAM a long list of kernel generated informational messages is displayed as the kern
40. opened a file to edit online help is not available It is started by issuing the command edit file to edit optionally with a file name to edit joe is the modern replacement for edit on the Sonoma It is a full featured editor with syntax highlighting and is also based on the Wordstar commands It is user friendly with easy to find help for its key commands and complete man page documentation It is the recommended editor for all purpose use in configuring and monitoring the Sonoma time server It is started by simply issuing the command joe file to edit optionally with a file name to edit elvis is a full featured vi clone which is provided in the Sonoma file system for masochistic Unix diehards It is not the least bit user friendly to anyone lacking experience with text mode ap plications If you don t know what vi is avoid using this editor It is started by simply issuing the command vi file to edit optionally with a file name to edit There are three different log in banners in the Sonoma the serial port banner the Telnet banner and the SSH banner You must be logged in as the root user in order to edit the rc ocal file and change the log in banners Perform the following edit etc rc d rc local Change the banners as appropriate After saving the file copy it to boot etc like this cp p etc rc d rc local boot etc rc d Then reboot for your changes to take effect 113 Sonoma User Manval APPENDIX Qu
41. passed to snmpd when it is started IMPORTANT After modifying etc rc d rc smmpd you must copy it to the Doot etc rc d directory and reboot the sys tem It is very important to retain the access mode for the file so be sure to use p when performing the copy During the boot process the files contained in the boot ete rc d directory are copied to working etc rc d directory on the system RAM disk In this way the factory defaults are overwritten You should be able to compile the SONOMA MIB file on your SNMP management system and access the variables defined therein The factory default community names are Sonoma for the read only community and endrun 1 for the read write community This is all that is required for operation under v1 and v2c of SNMP 0 Sonoma User Manual Configuring SNMPv1 Trap Generation Configuring SNMPv2c Notifications and Informs SIMPLE NETWORK MANAGEMENT PROTOCOL SNMP Change Default Community Strings Passwords You can and should change the default community names by editing etc snmpd conf and modifying these two lines rwcommunity endrun 1 rocommunity Sonoma To have your Sonoma send SNMPv1 traps RFC 1215 you must configure the community and desti nation for SNMPvI traps by uncommenting and editing this line in etc snmpd conf trapsink trapcommunity trapport where trapcommunity should be replaced by your community and XXX XXX Xxx
42. rc snmpd rw r r 1 root root 2684 Feb 18 02 16 rc sshd If rc httpd rc snmp or rc ssh is not listed or it is listed and there is an after the file name then the protocol is enabled Here is an example rwxr xr x 1 root root 1168 Oct 26 2012 rc snmpd The secure shell protocol server running in the Sonoma 15 based on the portable OpenSSH for Linux As such it supports both SSH1 and SSH2 protocol versions By default only SSH2 is enabled in the Sonoma due to security issues with SSH1 For more information about OpenSSH and to obtain cli ent software refer to the OpenSSH website http www openssh com An excellent book which describes operation and configuration of the various SSH implementations including OpenSSH is SSH The Secure Shell Barrett amp Silverman O Reilley amp Associates 2001 NOTE To disable the SSH protocol see Disable SNMP SSH and HTTPS above To restrict access see Restrict Access Telnet SSH and SNMP above Configure Keys On initial boot up from out of the box the SSH start up script etc rc d rc sshd will detect that no keys are present in the etc ssh directory It will call ssh keygen to generate a set of host keys and then it will copy them to the boot etc ssh directory These will be copied to etc ssh during each boot up A complete set of security keys for both SSH1 and SSH2 versions of the protocol are generated RSA keys are supported by both versions and DSA keys are supported
43. s the IP address or hostname of the destination host for receiving the traps generated by the Sonoma By de fault the trap will be sent to port 162 You may optionally add another parameter trapport to the end of the above line to override the default port setting Otherwise leave it blank Note Though the agent will recognize multiple trapsink lines within etc snmpd conf and send the generic SNMP coldStart or authenticationFailure traps to multiple destinations the Sonoma enter prise MIB trap generation mechanism will only send a trap to the last declared trapsink in the file To have your Sonoma send SNMPv2c notifications SMIv2 RFC 2578 or informs you must con figure the communities and destinations by uncommenting and editing one or both of these lines in etc snmpd conf trap2sink trap2community trap2port informsink informcommunity informport where trap2community and informcommunity should be replaced by your communities and XXX XXX XXX XXX S the IP address or hostname of the destination host for receiving the notifica tions or informs generated by the Sonoma By default the v2c trap or inform will be sent to port 162 You may optionally add another parameter trap2port or informport to the ends of the above lines to override the default port setting Otherwise leave it blank Note Though the snmpd agent will recognize multiple trap2sink or informsink lines within et
44. so log in as root at the login prompt and check the other configuration parameters using ifconfig Sonoma N12 CDMA root host gt ifconfig etho Link encap Ethernet HWaddr 00 0e fe 01 00 1c inet addr 192 168 1 120 Bcast 192 168 1 255 Mask 255 255 255 0 UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU 1500 Metric 1 RX packets 9694 errors 0 dropped 970 overruns 0 frame 0 TX packets 459 errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0 txqueuelen 1000 RX bytes 829805 810 3 KiB TX bytes 50242 49 0 KiB Interrupt 11 eth1 Link encap Ethernet HWaddr 00 0e fe 01 00 1d inet addr 192 168 5 1 Bcast 192 168 5 255 Mask 255 255 255 0 UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU 1500 Metric 1 RX packets 10143 errors 0 dropped 970 overruns 0 frame 0 TX packets 0 errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0 txqueuelen 1000 RX bytes 881081 860 4 KiB TX bytes 0 0 0 B Interrupt 15 lo Link encap Local Loopback inet 127 0 0 1 Mask 255 0 0 0 inet6 addr 1 128 Scope Host UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU 16436 Metric 1 RX packets 5808 errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0 TX packets 5808 errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0 txqueuelen 0 RX bytes 728178 711 1 KiB TX bytes 728178 711 1 KiB Pay particular attention to the settings shown for and eth1 in particular the Mask setting which should match that which is appropriate for your network Now check the remaining configura tion parameters using route Sonoma N12 CDMA
45. than a normal day ending at 23 59 59 PTP Second When the PTP Time Mode is set to PTP the slave clocks must utilize the current leap second and leap second pending flags leap 59 or leap 61 to convert the second to UTC UTC Time When the PTP Time Mode is set to UTC then there will be a one second jump in time when a leap second insertion occurs If the PTP slave does not account for this it will also jump Avoid this by using PTP Time Mode When only one option is enabled it will be configured for echo Domain 0 If a second PTP option is enabled then it will be configured for eth1 PTP Domain 1 This configuration will allow PTP to run as master on both ports If the PTP Domain is configured as the same value for both ports for example PTP Domain 0 on eth0 and Domain 0 on eth1 then etho Port State will be master and eth1 Port State will be listening The instructions below assume that the PTP Option has been installed on Port 0 etho of your So noma To check see the section titled Option at the beginning of this chapter To disable the Precision Time Protocol on Port 0 issue the following command chmod x etc rc d rc ptpdO Copy the rc ptpd0 file to the non volatile FLASH area like this p etc rc d rc ptpd0 boot etc rc d Then reboot 39 Sonoma User Manual CHAPTER FOUR Once PTP has been disabled the user interface will no longer show the existence of PTP Re Enable PTP
46. the Program and copy and distribute such modifications or work under the terms of Section 1 above provided that you also meet all of these conditions 116 Sonoma User Manual THIRD PARTY SOFTWARE a You must cause the modified files to carry prominent notices stating that you changed the files and the date of any change b You must cause any work that you distribute or publish that in whole or in part contains or is de rived from the Program or any part thereof to be licensed as a whole at no charge to all third parties under the terms of this License c If the modified program normally reads commands interactively when run you must cause it when started running for such interactive use in the most ordinary way to print or display an announce ment including an appropriate copyright notice and a notice that there is no warranty or else saying that you provide a warranty and that users may redistribute the program under these conditions and telling the user how to view a copy of this License Exception if the Program itself is interactive but does not normally print such an announcement your work based on the Program is not required to print an announcement These requirements apply to the modified work as a whole If identifiable sections of that work are not derived from the Program and can be reasonably considered independent and separate works in themselves then this License and its terms do not apply to those sections wh
47. the Sonoma as a broadcast or multicast server By default the NTP installation program installs ntpd exe as a service called Network Time Protocol and starts it You must use the Services utility in Control Panel to stop the Network Time Protocol service and then restart it Use the NTP utility ntpq exe to check that ntpd exe is able to communicate with the Sonoma After issuing the command ntpq 30 Sonoma User Manual NETWORK TIME PROTOCOL NTP you will see the ntpq exe command prompt ntpq gt Use the command peers to display the NTP peers which your computer is using One of them should be the Sonoma server which you have just configured You should verify that it is being reached You may have to con tinue issuing the peers command for a minute or two before you will see the reach count increment If you are using authentication you can verify that authentication is being used by issuing the com mand associations to display the characteristics of the client server associations In the auth column of the display you should see OK for the row corresponding to the Sonoma server If you see bad you should wait a few minutes to be sure that there is a problem since is the initial state of this setting If the bad indication persists then you must check your configuration for errors Typically this is due to a typing error in creating the ntp keys file on the client that causes
48. to be distributed under the terms of Sections 1 and 2 above on a medium customarily used for software interchange or c Accompany it with the information you received as to the offer to distribute corresponding source code This alternative is allowed only for noncommercial distribution and only if you received the program in object code or executable form with such an offer in accord with Subsection b above 117 Sonoma User Manual APPENDIX D The source code for a work means the preferred form of the work for making modifications to it For an executable work complete source code means all the source code for all modules it contains plus any associated interface definition files plus the scripts used to control compilation and installation of the executable However as a special exception the source code distributed need not include any thing that is normally distributed in either source or binary form with the major components com piler kernel and so on of the operating system on which the executable runs unless that component itself accompanies the executable If distribution of executable or object code is made by offering access to copy from a designated place then offering equivalent access to copy the source code from the same place counts as distribu tion of the source code even though third parties are not compelled to copy the source along with the object code 4 You may not copy modify sublicense or distribu
49. twisted pair cable from the network They are labeled with the corresponding MAC address and either or ETH1 Integrated LEDs indicate link speed green and activity amber The green LED will pulse once for a speed of 10M twice for 100M and three times for 1G Both ports provide a console interface to the Sonoma See Chapter 9 Console Port Control and Status for more information These unused BNC connectors are usually labeled SPARE When used they will be labeled with their connector identifier A B or C and provide optional signals Label examples are A AMCODE B 1PPS or C PPO For more information on Sonoma options see Chapter 10 Options This IEC 320 standard three prong connector provides AC power Other power supplies are available See Chapter 10 Options for more information Sonoma User Performing Site Survey BASIC INSTALLATION Using the status LED indicators it s easy to find out if your Sonoma will work in your desired loca tion 1 Screw the TNC plug on the end of the antenna cable onto the TNC antenna input jack on the chas sis rear panel of the Sonoma 2 Plug one end of the supplied AC power cord into an 85 270 VAC outlet 3 Plug the other end into the AC input connector on the chassis rear panel of the Sonoma Place the antenna on a flat preferably metallic surface while the unit is searching for the signal Make sure that it is not bloc
50. unit you should change the passwords using the Linux passwd command issued from the prompt 10 Sonoma User Manual BASIC INSTALLATION If you do not see characters displayed by your terminal program within 30 seconds after the unit is powered up you must troubleshoot your setup An incorrectly wired cable or incorrect port setting in your terminal emulation program are the most common problems Refer to Appendix H Specifica tions for the signal connections for the Sonoma Once you have successfully established communications with the Sonoma you may proceed to configure the network parameters using netconfig see below Then you can communicate with the Sonoma over the network using telnet or ssh and synchronize your network computers to UTC using NTP Using netconfig to Set Up Your IP The script file netcon ig will configure the TCP IP network parameters for your Sonoma When setting up the IP addresses on both network port 0 ethO and 1 eth 1 Be sure that they are NOT on the same subnet 2 Configure the default gateway on either port 0 eth0 or port 1 eth1 BUT NOT BOTH If you want to use the HTTPS Interface then be sure to configure the name server IP address during the netconfig process The HTTPS Interface will not operate properly if this is configured incorrectly Only one name server is required but two gives some redundancy The following shows the beginning of the netcon ig interactive script 11 Sonoma U
51. when using the SSH2 version Should you need to replace your keys at any time you can just remove the keys from the boot etc ssh directory and then reboot the Sonoma A new set of host keys will automatically be generated To configure root logins to your Sonoma via passwordless public key authentication you must gen erate a public private pair of SSH2 keys using your own ssh key generating utility or you can use the ssh keygen that is resident on the Sonoma file system You must then append the public key to the boot root ssh authorized keys2 file in the non volatile FLASH area on your Sonoma At boot time the Sonoma will copy these to the actual working root ssh directory of the system ramdisk To use this capability the corresponding private key must reside in the root ssh directory of your remote computer as id rsa or id dsa If you are unfamilar with this process refer to the man page for the ssh keygen utility for details issue man ssh keygen at the prompt Be careful to maintain the proper ownership and access permissions of the private key by using cp p when copying the file It MUST be readable only by root 46 Sonoma User Manual HTTPS SECURITY Advanced users wishing to modify the overall configuration of the sshd daemon should edit the etc ssh sshd_config file and then copy it to the boot etc ssh directory of the Sonoma Be careful to maintain the proper ownership and access permissions by using p when copy
52. will cause the kernel version message to be displayed You can also check to see which kernel image the system is currently booted under by issuing this command at the shell prompt Syskernel Which should cause this to be printed to the console BOOTED KERNEL IMAGE 1 Upgrade If so and your unit seems to be operating normally you have successfully completed the kernel upgrade If your unit does not boot up successfully and you are not able to te1net or ssh into the system after 90 seconds then there has been some kind of problem with the kernel upgrade It is possible that the file downloaded was corrupt or that you forgot to set your tp download file mode to binary when downloading the file either from the EndRun Technologies website or when transfer ring it to the Sonoma Recovering from a Failed Kernel Upgrade To restore your Sonoma to a bootable state using the factory kernel you must use the serial I O port and reboot the Sonoma by cycling the power Refer to Chapter 2 Basic Installation Connect the Serial I O Port and Test the Serial I O Port for setup details When you have connected your termi nal to the serial I O port apply power to the Sonoma Pay close attention to the terminal window while the unit is rebooting After the Linux bootloader displays the message Default kernel UPGRADE To override and boot the FACTORY version of the kernel type FACTORY within 5 seconds 106 Sonoma User Manual UPGRADIN
53. you whether by court order agree ment or otherwise that contradict the conditions of this License they do not excuse you from the conditions of this License If you cannot distribute so as to satisfy simultaneously your obligations under this License and any other pertinent obligations then as a consequence you may not distribute the Program at all For example if a patent license would not permit royalty free redistribution of the Program by all those who receive copies directly or indirectly through you then the only way you could satisfy both it and this License would be to refrain entirely from distribution of the Program If any portion of this section is held invalid or unenforceable under any particular circumstance the balance of the section is intended to apply and the section as a whole is intended to apply in other circumstances It is not the purpose of this section to induce you to infringe any patents or other property right claims or to contest validity of any such claims this section has the sole purpose of protecting the integrity of the free software distribution system which is implemented by public license practices Many peo ple have made generous contributions to the wide range of software distributed through that system in 118 Sonoma User Manual THIRD PARTY SOFTWARE reliance on consistent application of that system it is up to the author donor to decide if he or she is willing to distribute software through any
54. you must add lines to boot net snmp snmpd conf like these for each user createUser root MD5 endrun 1 DES endrun 1 createUser ntpuser SHA Sonoma 0 The first line will cause the agent snmpd to create a user root who may be authenticated via Mes sage Digest Algorithm 5 MD5 with password endrun 1 and may use the Data Encryption Standard DES to encrypt the session data with passphrase endrun 1 The second line will cause a user nt 52 Sonoma User Manual Disable or Restrict Access SIMPLE NETWORK MANAGEMENT PROTOCOL SNMP puser to be created who may be authenticated using the Secure Hash Algorithm SHA with password Sonoma_0 Passwords and passphrases must have a minimum of 8 characters or you will not be able to be authenticated IMPORTANT You must kill the snmpa daemon prior to editing boot net snmp snmpd conf Otherwise the secret key creation may not complete properly Issue the command etc rc d rc snmpd stop tokill the snmpd daemon You can verify that the snmpd daemon has been killed by issuing the ps e command and verifying that it is not present After rebooting the agent will read the boot net snmp snmpd conf configuration file and compute secret key s for each of the users and delete the createUser lines from the file It will then write the secret key s to the file These lines begin with the string usmuser In this way un encrypted passwords are not stored on the system IMPORTANT To generate new keys
55. your Sonoma and start an ftp session with your client computer to send the Sonoma s etc ntp keys file to your client computer use the secure copy utility sep or you can just use a text editor on your client computer to create an equivalent file IMPORTANT Handling of the etc ntp keys file is the weak link in the MD5 authentication scheme It is very impor tant that it is owned by root and not readable by anyone other than root After transferring the file by tp and placing it in the etc directory on the client computer issue these two commands at the shell prompt chown root root etc ntp keys chmod 600 etc ntp keys 22 Sonoma User Manval NETWORK TIME PROTOCOL NTP Configure NTP You must edit the ntp conf file which ntpd the NTP daemon looks for by default in the etc directo ry Assuming that you have created two trusted keys as shown in Configuring the NTP Server Using the Network Interface or Serial Port above add these lines to the end of the ntp conf file keys etc ntp keys trustedkey 1 2 Modify the line added previously in Unix like Platforms Basic NTP Client Setup so that authenti cation will be used with the Sonoma server using one of the trusted keys in this example key 1 server 192 168 1 120 key 1 Restart ntpd to have it begin using the Sonoma server with MDS authentication Use the NTP utility ntpq to check that is able to communicate with the Sonoma After issuing the command
56. your configuration for errors Typically this is due to a typing error in creating the ntp keys file on the client that causes a mismatch between the keys being used by the server and client If you transfer the file by tp or scp this shouldn t be a prob lem It is also possible to have a typing error in the ntp conf file that causes the needed key to not be included in the trustedkey list Windows Broadcast Multicast NTP Client Setup Broadcast multicast client setup is relatively simple if You have been able to successfully communicate with the Sonoma on your network Your Sonoma has been configured to perform broadcasts or multicasts by running the ntpconfig shell script This is not the factory default configuration so be sure to run ntpconfig If you going to use MDS authentication your Sonoma must have been configured to operate with authenti cation in the broadcast multicast mode and you must know which of the trusted keys it is using for broadcast multicast operation The example Sonoma configuration shown in Configuring the NTP Server above will be assumed in the example configuration commands shown here You have installed NTP on your client computer You have successfully performed the Windows MDS Authenticated NTP Client Setup on your client computer if you plan to use MDS authentication Configure NTP Client for Broadcast You must edit the ntp conf file Assuming that your Sonoma server has bee
57. 21 Unix like Platforms Basic NTP Client Setup 21 Configure NIP oe E ausiarecart 21 Unix like Platforms MD5 Authenticated NTP Client Setup 22 Create the ntp keys File MP 22 Configure NIP slates EET ade ee eR e ERIS POI RE Sierra levels acess 23 Unix like Platforms Broadcast Multicast NTP Client 23 Configure NTP Client for 24 Configure NTP Client for Multicast 24 Test Broadcast Multicust gt ener ern rer Inst yen eren 25 Setting Up NTP Clients on Windows 26 Windows Basic NTP Client Setup 1 0 ce cc ccc cc cece cece RII 26 Sees REP IRL 26 Windows nor ends bes a da GU RR alae ae das 26 Windows MD5 Authenticated NTP 27 Greate the nip keys File lactone as carlo LE TOLLIT pete LETS 28 Configure ives FOX ae RA Ete SU pU RR STE UO FLORUS 20 Windows B
58. 48 575 Values close to the minimum or maximum will set the DAC fault flag Measured Time This field shows the the last measured time offset of the CDMA Subsystem to Error CDMA while locked in seconds Time Deviation This field shows the time deviation TDEV of the offset measurements in seconds The tau associated with this measurement is one second which is the update interval of the position fixes received from the CDMA Receiver Oscillator Ageing This field shows the regression computed system oscillator ageing rate per day Rate several hour delay before the first measurements are displayed Control Loop TAU This field shows the oscillator control loop averaging time constant in seconds It s value is automatically adjusted to maintain optimum system clock offset and stability Coast Duration This shows the number of seconds the CDMA Subsystem has been in coast mode while the Sonoma is unlocked to CDMA Coast mode is another term for holdover mode Estimated Time This is the estimated time error of the CDMA Subsystem when in coast mode Error in seconds Internal Chassis Internal chassis temperature in C Available with OCXO or Rubidium Temperature oscillators Clock Page This page shows the configuration of the clock or timekeeping parameters Fields are Clock Configuration Time Mode This field shows the current time mode setting Possible settings are UTC GPS Local Manual and Local Auto Since NTP always uses
59. ATE WITH ANY OTHER PROGRAMS EVEN IF SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES 119 Sonoma User Manual Software License Apache Software License APPENDIX D Information about the NTP Project led by Dr David Mills can be found at www ntp org The distribution and usage of the NTP software is allowed as long as the following copyright notice is included in our documentation The following copyright notice applies to all files collectively called the Network Time Protocol Ver sion 4 Distribution Unless specifically declared otherwise in an individual file this notice applies as if the text was explicitly included in the file kk sk sk ok o sk ok ok ke sk ok ke ok a Copyright David L Mills 1992 2006 Permission to use copy modify and distribute this software and its documentation for any purpose with or without fee 1s hereby granted provided that the above copyright notice appears in all copies and that both the copyright notice and this permission notice appear in supporting documentation and that the name University of Delaware not be used in advertising or publicity pertaining to distribution of the software without specific written prior permission The University of Delaware makes no representations about the suitability this so
60. At the time of this writing in February 2013 TAI UTC was 35 seconds and GPS UTC was 16 seconds 128 Sonoma User Manval EndRun C VAN TECHNOLOGIES Overview System Fault Definitions Appendix G System Faults The status of the Sonoma is constantly monitored and a fault will occur when any of several param eters is out of spec When this happens the Alarm LED on the front panel will light This appendix defines the various faults The Alarm LED will light when a fault has occurred You can see which fault is the problem by us ing the faultstat command Masking Faults One fault can be masked This is the SIG CDMA Signal fault When masked this fault will not cause an alarm You may want to mask the SIG fault if you are operating your Sonoma as a Stratum 2 server and are not using a CDMA signal For information on Stratum 2 see Chapter 2 NTP Con figuring the Sonoma as a Stratum 2 Server To mask the fault use the setsigfltmask command For more information see Chapter 9 Con sole Port Control and Status or type help setsigfltmask at the console port If your Sonoma has the Dual Power Supply option then you may mask primary and or secondary power supply faults See Chapter 10 Options Masking Dual Power Supply Fault Alarms for more information System Oscillator DAC DAC This fault indicates that the DAC for the oscillator has reached either the high or low alarm limit while locked to the CDMA signal Unless the unit
61. B C Use the sys temio command to view the 1PPS pulse width setting Command cpuio Sonoma reply CPU I O B 1 PPS OUTPUT is Installed Current Setting See systemio command Command systemio Sonomareply System I O Signal 1 PPS OUTPUT is Installed Current Setting 1 Milliseconds Pulse Width Use the systemioconfig command to change the 1PPS pulse width You will be able to choose from among these selections 20 microseconds 1 millisecond 100 milliseconds and 500 millisec onds 89 Sonoma User Manval CHAPTER TEN Command systemioconfig Sonoma reply Interactive script is started so you can change the pulse width Time Code Output There are two different kinds of Time Code outputs Either amplitude modulated AM or DC Shift Connectors will be labeled as either AMCODE or DCCODE The Time Code is a system signal This means that there is one Time Code signal that affects the whole system In other words if your Sonoma has multiple Time Code outputs AM or DC and you change the Time Code format then all Time Code outputs will be affected The Time Code output is normally IRIG B122 AM B002 DC when shipped from the factory but can be changed see below For details on signal definition see Appendix H Specifications View and Change the Time Code Configuration Use the cpuio command to view the optional outputs on the CPU Module This command will list any connector that has an optional I O signal
62. CDMA Subsystem is unable to establish communications with the CDMA Receiver Please contact EndRun Customer Support CDMA Reference Time REF This fault indicates that the CDMA Subsystem received an erroneous time input from the CDMA Receiver If the condition persists please contact EndRun Customer Support Subsystem Communication POLL This fault indicates that the CDMA Subsystem is not receiving polling requests from the Linux Sub system This could be due to a hardware or software failure If the condition persists please contact EndRun Customer Support CDMA Receiver RCVF This fault indicates a problem with the CDMA Receiver See the section below Receiver Faults for more information System Oscillator PLL PLL This fault indicates that there is an unlock condition between the main system oscillator and the other system timebase clocks This is a fatal fault Please contact EndRun Customer Support System Power Configuration PWR This fault indicates misconfiguration of the Sonoma chassis which may have caused a power over load This is a fatal fault Please contact EndRun Customer Support Primary Power Supply PRIPS Option Used only when the Dual Redundant Power Supplies are installed This fault indicates that the pri mary power supply is not producing an output See Chapter 10 Options Dual Redundant Power Supplies for information on the dual power supplies option Secondary Power Supply SECPS Option Used on
63. Cable part 0501 0002 000 RJ 45 to RJ 45 5 patch cable 2 meters part 0501 0000 000 Magnetic mount CDMA antenna cable assembly part 0502 0007 001 5 Sonoma User Manual Sonoma Physical Description CHAPTER TWO SYNC SONOMA V 2 T 9 O EndRun recunotoaies Omu O Sync LED This amber LED flashes to indicate synchronization status Alarm LED This red LED illuminates briefly at power up and thereafter whenever a serious fault condition exists O 18 y The drawing above shows the Sonoma rear panel in its most common configuration with op tional outputs However there are a wide variety of optional outputs available For more informa tion see Chapter 10 Options For a dimensional drawing of the Sonoma chassis see Appendix H Specifications Descriptions below briefly describe the standard I O connectors Antenna Jack RS 232 Connector 10 100 1000Base T Jacks Spare Jacks Unused AC Power Input Jack This TNC connector mates with the downlead cable from the external antenna This DB9M connector provides the RS 232 serial I O console interface to the Sonoma This console allows you to initialize and maintain the Sonoma See Chapter 9 Console Port Control and Status for more information including the RS 232 pin assignments These two RJ 45 connectors mate with the Ethernet
64. Connectors are identified as A B or C Use the sys temio command to view the current setting for the Time Code format Command cpuio Sonoma reply CPU I O A AM TIME CODE OUTPUT is Installed Current Setting See systemio command Command systemio Sonoma reply System I O Signal TIME CODE OUTPUT is Installed Current Setting IRIG B122 B002 Format Use the systemioconfig command to change the Time Code format You will be able to choose from among several different formats Command systemioconfig Sonomareply Interactive script is started so you can change the Time Code format Fixed Rate Output 10 MPPS etc The Fixed Rate Output Option provides a customer specified fixed rate output ranging from 1 PPS to 10 MPPS The rear panel connector will be labeled for the appropriate rate such as 10 MPPS or 100 PPS etc This signal is specified by the customer when the order 1s placed preset at the factory and cannot be changed For details on signal definition see Appendix H Specifications View the Fixed Rate Output Connector Use the cpuio command to view the optional outputs on the CPU Module This command will list any connector that has an optional I O signal Connectors are identified as A B or C Command cpuio Sonomareply CPU I O C 10M PPS OUTPUT is Installed 90 Sonoma User Manval OPTIONS Alarm Output The Alarm Output provides an open collector output that indicates when the CDMA Subsystem has lost lock
65. EAMPLIFIER 126 Sonoma User Manual EndRun C ANN IU TECHNOLOGIES Notification of Leap Second Insertion Configure for Leap Second Event Appendix Leap Seconds UTC stands for Universal Coordinated Time UTC is the international time standard most commonly used in the world and is the one used by the Network Time Protocol NTP A leap second insertion is scheduled about every three years in order to keep UTC in alignment with the earth 5 rotation Possible leap second insertions can be scheduled at midnight on June 30 or December 31 Your CDMA synchronized Sonoma delivers very precise time and 15 generally troublefree However when a leap second insertion is scheduled about every three years then you must manually program the new leap seconds into your unit You will have many months notice in which to do this Itisa very simple procedure See Configure for Leap Second Event below The International Earth Rotation Service IERS notifies the world of a pending leap second event almost six months ahead of time The EndRun Technologies website has a page devoted to notifying users of the next leap second occurrence This page will also tell you exactly what you need to do to program the new leap seconds in your Sonoma The appropriate link 15 http www endruntechnologies com leap htm If you wish to be notified by EndRun Customer Support when a leap second is pending then send an email request to support endruntechnologies
66. EF RIO ER ER ODE OA RR RUE 129 System Fault Definitions 129 Receiver Fault Definitions 131 Appendix H Specifications 133 Special Modifications Changes for Customer Requirements 14 Sonoma User Manual What It Is Chapter One Introduction EndRun TECHNOLOGIES This chapter introduces the CDMA Synchronized Sonoma Network Time Server and gives a brief overview of what it is and how it works The Sonoma is a precision server of Universal Coordinated Time UTC that can be connected via an Ethernet port to any TCP IP network Available timing protocols include Network Time Protocol NTP Simple Network Time Protocol SNTP Time Daytime and the optional Precision Time Protocol PTP IEEE 1588 In its most basic operation the Sonoma sends NTP reply packets in response to NTP request packets which it has received from clients The timestamps it sends in its NTP reply packets are accurate to 10 microseconds typical For an introductory paper on NTP see http www endruntechnologies com pdf NTP Intro pdf Time Synchronization Components The Sonoma is composed of a Code Division Multiple Access CDMA Subsystem containing a CDMA Receiver and system oscillator The CDMA Subsystem is integrated with a fanless convec tion cooled 1 2 GHz CPU with two integrated Ethernet p
67. EndRun TECHNOLOGIES Qu PE Di Smarter Timing Solutions Sonoma N 2 Network Time Server CDMA Synchronized User Manual USM3028 0000 000 Revision 2 July 2015 Sonoma N12 CDMA Network Time Server User Manual Preface Thank you for purchasing the Sonoma Network Time Server Our goal in developing this product is to bring precise Universal Coordinated Time UTC into your network quickly easily and reliably Your new Time Server is fabricated using the highest quality materials and manufacturing processes available today and will give you years of troublefree service About EndRun Technologies EndRun Technologies has been dedicated to the development and refinement of the technologies required to fulfill the demanding needs of the time and frequency community since 1998 The instruments produced by EndRun Technologies have been selected as the timing reference for such rigorous applications as computer synchronization research institutions aerospace network quality of service monitoring satellite base stations and calibration laboratories Trademark Acknowledgements Linux UNIX and Windows are registered trademarks of the respective holders EndRun Contact Information Address EndRun Technologies 2270 Northpoint Parkway Santa Rosa CA 95407 U S A Phone 707 573 8633 Fax 707 573 8619 Sales 1 877 749 3878 or 707 573 8633 sales endruntechnologies com Support 1 877 749 3878 or
68. G THE FIRMWARE you must begin typing factory within five seconds to let the bootloader know that you are going to override the default kernel After you hit lt enter gt the bootloader will boot the factory kernel Watch the rest of the boot process to make sure that you have successfully recovered If the system boots normally then you should resolve the problems with the previous kernel upgrade and re perform it Performing the CDMA Subsystem Upgrade This section has instructions for upgrading the CDMA Subsystem If you want to upgrade the CDMA Receiver see the section below called Performing the CDMA Receiver Upgrade First you need to download the CDMA Subsystem firmware from the EndRun website to a place on your network which is accessible to the Sonoma The link to the Sonoma upgrade page is shown above You may transfer the file to your Sonoma using either ftp or scp If you are using ftp to perform the upgrade transfer the previously downloaded file using binary transfer mode from the remote host to this specific file on your Sonoma tmp subsys bin The CDMA Subsystem image will be named with the software part number and version like 6010 0071 000_3 01 bin When following the instructions below substitute the name of the actual CDMA Subsystem image that you are installing for 6010 0071 000_3 01 bin You will be transferring the file to a temporary file tmp subsys bin on your Sonoma ftp remote_host perform ftp login on remot
69. Internet standard SNMPv2c never reached standard status often called community SNMP and SNMPv3 the latest Internet standard The NET SNMP project has its roots in the Carnegie Mellon University SNMP implementation For more detailed information about the NET SNMP project and to obtain management software and detailed configuration information you can visit this website http www net snmp org An excellent book which describes operation and configuration of various SNMP managers and agents including the NET SNMP implementations is available from O Reilley amp Associates Essential SNMP Mauro amp Schmidt O Reilley amp Associates 2001 If you are planning to operate with SNMPv3 it is highly recommended that you make use of both of these resources to familiarize yourself with the agent configuration concepts Prior to SNMPv3 SNMP had definite security inadequacies due to using two community names in a manner analogous to passwords that were transmitted over the network as clear text In addition since no mechanism existed for authenticating or encrypting session data any number of man in the middle data corruption replacement exploits were possible in addition to plain old snooping to learn the community names SNMPv3 implements the User based Security Model USM defined in RFC 2274 which employs modern cryptographic technologies to both authenticate multiple users and to encrypt their session data for privacy much
70. Oscillator OSC This fault indicates that the main oscillator has failed Please contact EndRun Customer Support 131 Sonoma User Manval APPENDIX 6 This page intentionally left blank 132 Sonoma User Manual EndRun ANE TECHNOLOGIES Appendix Specifications CDMA Receiver Cellular Mobile Receive Band 869 894 MHz Standard North American PCS Mobile Receive Band 1930 1990 MHz Standard Japanese Cellular Mobile Receive Band 860 875 MHz Optional Configuration TIA EIA IS 95 CDMA Pilot and Sync channels Antenna TNC jack on rear panel Z 50Q Dual Band 824 896 MHz 1850 1990 MHz magnetic base monopole with integral 12 ft RG 58 U cable and TNC plug Extension cables and low noise pre amplifiers are available as options System Oscillator is standard 2 5 x 10 over 20 to 70 Options 4x10 over 0 to 70 C Rubidium 1x10 9 over 0 to 70 C Stratum Holdover Performance 24 Hours TCXO 35 Days OCXO 140 Days Rubidium Time to Lock lt 5 minutes typical TCXO lt 10 minutes typical OCXO Server Performance and Synchronization Accuracy CDMA Receiver Accuracy 10 microseconds to UTC when locked typical NTP Timestamp Accuracy 10 microseconds 7500 packets second 3750 per port NTP Client Synchronization Accuracy Network factors can limit LAN synchronization accuracy to 1 2 to 2 milliseconds typical Server Platform Operating System Kernel Ve
71. PLIED AS PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW ENDRUN SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIMS THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE Warranty Repair If you believe your equipment is in need of repair call EndRun Technologies and ask for a customer service agent It is important to contact us first as many problems may be resolved with a phone call Please have the serial number of the unit and the nature of the problem available before you call If it is determined that your equipment will require service we will issue an RMA number You will be asked for contact information including your name address phone number and e mail address Ship the unit prepaid in the original container or a container of sufficient strength and protection to EndRun Technologies EndRun will not be responsible for damage incurred during shipment to us Be sure the RMA number is clearly identified on the shipping container Our policy is to repair the unit within 5 business days If it is necessary to order parts or if other circumstances arise that require more than 5 days an EndRun service technician will contact you Loaner units are not included as part of the standard warranty Repair After Warranty Expiration If the warranty period has expired we offer repair services for equipment you have purchased from EndRun Call and ask for a customer service agent It is important to contact us first as many prob lems may be resolved with a phone call
72. Please have the serial number of the unit and the nature of the problem available before you call If it is determined that the equipment has failed and you want EndRun to perform the repairs we will issue you an RMA number Ship the unit prepaid in the original container or a container of sufficient strength and protection to EndRun Technologies EndRun will not be responsible for damage incurred during shipment to us Customer is responsible for shipping costs to and from EndRun Technologies Be sure the RMA number is clearly identified on the shipping container After the equipment has been received we will evaluate the nature of the problem and contact you with the cost to repair parts and labor and an estimate of the time necessary to complete the work Limitation of Liability The remedies provided herein are Buyer s sole and exclusive remedies EndRun Technologies shall not be liable for any direct indirect special incidental or consequential damages whether based on contract tort or any other legal theory Sonoma User Manual Table of Contents Preface et doce M aut ou NEM neh gauss i About EndRun Technologies i Trademark Acknowledgements i EndRun Contact Information i About This Manual
73. Sonoma User Manual UPGRADING THE FIRMWARE nect the Serial I O Port and Test the Serial I O Port for setup details When you have connected your terminal to the serial I O port apply power to the Sonoma Pay close attention to the terminal window while the unit is rebooting After the Linux bootloader displays the message Default kernel FACTORY To override and boot the UPGRADE version of the kernel type UPGRADE within 5 seconds Booting with FACTORY Kernel Default Root File System UPGRADE To override and boot the FACTORY version of the Root File System type FACTORY within 5 seconds you must begin typing factory within five seconds to let the bootloader know that you are going to override the default root file system After you hit lt enter gt the bootloader will boot the factory root file system Watch the rest of the boot process to make sure that you have successfully recovered If the system boots normally then you should resolve the problems with the previous root file system upgrade and re perform it Performing the Linux Subsystem Kernel Upgrade First you need to download the Linux Subsystem Kernel firmware from the EndRun website to a place on your network which is accessible to the Sonoma The link to the Sonoma upgrade page is shown above You may transfer the file to your Sonoma using either tp or scp If you are using ftp transfer the previously downloaded file using binary transfer mode from the remote host
74. The Sonoma firmware consists of four different binary files You may only need one or two of them The revision history on our website will tell you which files need to be upgraded The four firmware image files are for the Linux Subsystem RFS root file system the Linux Subsystem Kernel the CDMA Subsystem and the CDMA Receiver Software upgrades via the HTTPS interface are simple with your choice of two methods 1 If your Sonoma has access to the Internet the HTTPS interface can automatically retrieve the appropriate files from the FTP server at endruntechnologies com to temporary locations on the Sonoma You will need to enter root as the user name and enter root s password Then follow the prompts from the HTTPS interface to complete each upgrade as needed IMPORTANT The domain name server IP address is required by the Apache web server When using netcon ig see Chapter 9 Console Port Control and Status to configure the TCP IP parameters be sure to configure a name server Only one name server is required but two gives some redundancy The HTTPS Interface will not operate properly if this is configured incorrectly The following picture shows the Linux Subsystem RFS root file system Upgrade page All fields are filled in with the default values needed to download the appropriate firmware image from the En dRun Technologies website You can use these default values unless you want to point to a different FTP server 101 So
75. User Manual EndRun C VAN TECHNOLOGIES Linux Users Linux Commands Appendix C Helpful Linux Information You do not need knowledge of Linux commands in order to operate the Sonoma All commands nec essary for proper operation are described in Chapter 9 Console Port Control and Status However the Sonoma does support a subset of the standard Linux commands and utilities and it uses the bash shell which is the Linux standard full featured shell Very brief descriptions of some of the most use ful Linux information is described in this appendix Sonoma is shipped from the factory with two users enabled The first is the root user with pass word endrun_1 The root user has access to everything on the system including the ability to perform system setup procedures The other user is ntpuser with password Praecis When logged in as ntpuser you may check status information and view log files but you will not be able to modify any system settings or view secure files For security reasons we recommend you change the default passwords using the Linux passwd com mand see Change Password below Detailed Information Is Available A very brief description of the most helpful Linux commands and utilities is listed in this appendix On Linux systems the system commands are located in the directories with bin in their name e g usr bin or sbin You can list the contents of those directories using the 1s
76. WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL DIRECT INDIRECT OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE DATA OR PROFITS WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE 122 Sonoma User Manval EndRun C VAN TECHNOLOGIES Antenna Location Appendix Installing the CDMA Antenna Installing the CDMA Antenna is usually very easy simply mount on top of your equipment rack inside your building This appendix contains antenna mounting guidelines in case you encounter problems receiving a signal Place the antenna on a flat preferably metallic surface while the unit is searching for the signal Make sure that it is not blocked by large metallic objects closer than one meter The Sonoma Sync LED should follow the sequence below within 20 minutes Acquire and Lock Status Sequence The Lock LED on the front panel shows the status of the CDMA Subsystem Receiver as it acquires and locks on to a signal 1 The Sync LED is solid amber while not detecting a signal 2 When the unit has detected a CDMA signal the Sync LED will flash very slowly about a 4 Hz rate 3 As the unit locks onto the CDMA signal and begins to decode the timing data the Sync LED will flash very rapidly about a 6 Hz rate until the data is fully decoded 4 Once the Sonoma i
77. a reply Default Kernel UPGRADE upgradekernel This utility allows you to upgrade the Linux Kernel It is run after the kernel gz file has been copied to the tmp directory on the system It performs an erase of the upgrade kernel partition and then writes the tmp kernel gz file to it Refer to Appendix B Upgrading the Firmware Performing the Linux Subsystem Kernel Upgrade for detailed information Command upgradekernel Sonoma reply Shows progress indicator 85 Sonoma User Manual CHAPTER NINE upgraderootfs This utility allows you to upgrade the Linux Root File System It is run after the rooffs gz file has been copied to the tmp directory on the system It performs an erase of the upgrade root file system partition and then writes the tmp rootfs gz file to it Refer to Appendix B Upgrading the Firm ware Performing the Linux Subsystem RFS Upgrade for detailed information Command upgraderootfs Sonoma reply Shows progress indicator upgradercvr This utility allows you to upgrade the CDMA Receiver firmware Prior to executing this command you must copy the binary firmware file to be uploaded to the CDMA Receiver to tmp rcvr bin It issues the commands over the serial port to the CDMA Receiver that are needed to start the X modem file transfer and then displays progress to the console See Performing the CDMA Receiver Upgrade in Appendix B Upgrading the Firmware for more information Command upgradercvr Sonoma
78. and distribute verbatim copies of this license document but changing it is not allowed Preamble The licenses for most software are designed to take away your freedom to share and change it By contrast the GNU General Public License is intended to guarantee your freedom to share and change free software to make sure the software is free for all its users This General Public License applies to most of the Free Software Foundation s software and to any other program whose authors commit to using it Some other Free Software Foundation software is covered by the GNU Lesser General Public License instead You can apply it to your programs too When we speak of free software we are referring to freedom not price Our General Public Licenses are designed to make sure that you have the freedom to distribute copies of free software and charge for this service if you wish that you receive source code or can get it 1f you want it that you can change the software or use pieces of it in new free programs and that you know you can do these things To protect your rights we need to make restrictions that forbid anyone to deny you these rights or to ask you to surrender the rights These restrictions translate to certain responsibilities for you if you distribute copies of the software or 1f you modify it 115 Sonoma User Manval APPENDIX D For example if you distribute copies of such a program whether gratis or for a fee you must give t
79. and eth1 for IPV4 Only the 4 loopback interface will be setup yles nlo After configuring your Ethernet interfaces you should shutdown the Sonoma and reboot it by issuing this command at the prompt Sonoma N12 CDMA root Sonoma_N12 gt reboot Verify Network Configuration If you are using the RS 232 serial I O port to communicate with the Sonoma you will be able to see the kernel generated boot messages when the unit reboots You should note the lines Configuring ethO as 192 168 1 120 Configuring eth1 as 192 168 5 1 If you have set up a static IP address or these lines Attempting to configure eth0 by contacting a DHCP server Attempting to configure eth1 by contacting a DHCP server if you are using DHCP These appear near the end of the kernel generated boot messages If you are using DHCP and are not using the RS 232 serial I O port you will have to check the DHCP configuration information maintained by your DHCP server to determine the expected IP ad dress and log in to the Sonoma using telnet or ssh to verify successful DHCP configuration Refer to the subsequent topics in this section Using Telnet and Using SSH for details on logging in to the Sonoma that way Once you have logged in you may perform the following checks 12 Sonoma User Manval BASIC INSTALLATION If you are not using DHCP the IP address shown should match the static IP address which you entered during the netcon ig procedure If
80. ar of the UTC timestamp of the most recent update received from the CDMA Subsystem 79 Sonoma User Manval CHAPTER NINE MMDD HH MM SS LKSTAT COAST ESTERR MEASERR TIMEDEV AGERATE TAU EFCDAC TEMP is the month and day of month of the UTC timestamp of the most recent update received from the CDMA Subsystem is the hour minute and second of the UTC timestamp of the most recent update received from the CDMA Subsystem is the CDMA Subsystem control status either WRM warming up ACQ acquiring LKG locking or LKD locked is the number of seconds the CDMA Subsystem has been in coast mode unlocked to CDMA is the estimated time error of the CDMA Subsystem when in coast mode in seconds is the last measured time offset of the CDMA Subsystem to CDMA while locked in seconds is the time deviation TDEV of the offset measurements in seconds The tau associated with this measurement is one second which is the update interval of the position fixes received from the CDMA Receiver is the regression computed system oscillator ageing rate per day several hour delay before the first measurements are displayed is the system oscillator control loop averaging time constant in seconds It s value is automatically adjusted to maintain optimum system clock offset and stability is the system oscillator Electronic Frequency Control 20 bit DAC value The system automatically sets this value to remove fr
81. ations with the Sonoma you may perform all maintenance and monitoring activities via telnet and ftp The Sonoma provides both client and server operation using telnet For security reasons only client operation is supported using ftp You may also monitor the Sonoma via the HTTPS interface see Chapter 7 HTTPS Security conscious users will want to use ssh the secure shell replacement for telnet as the login means The companion utility sep provides a secure replacement for ftp as a means of transferring files to and from the Sonoma Both of these protocols are supported in the Sonoma via the OpenSSH implementations for Linux Refer to Chapter 5 Security OpenSSH for more information about the secure shell protocol Using Telnet When establishing a telnet connection with your Sonoma logging in directly as root is not permit ted This is a security measure that makes it slightly more difficult to gain access by simply trying passwords since it is also necessary to know the name of a user When you initiate a telnet session with the Sonoma this banner will be displayed kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk Welcome to Sonoma_N12 CDMA telnet console on host your domain kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk host login Here you may log in as ntpuser with password Praecis When logged in as ntpuser you may check status informatio
82. ay cdmachannelset cdmaleapconfig cdmaleapmode cdmaversion cpuio Optional cpuioconfig Optional foulistot get sw opts help ies s inetdconfig Sonoma User Manual d s eee s Lebens eee O dian ad adu UB E hinted 19 pini ptpconfig0 and ptpconfig Optional gaint nee rears ptpstatO and ptpstatl Optional BI pwrfltmask Optional 0 TU HUNE NEP TD TTE vae e s dA GOR eps e E t re setpwrfltmask Optional OL NUT NR CERTE subsysreset CE T ETE REDI M DUE dee LE OI MR TERRA PERCHE RS CHEERS 09 OI RENE CERT RR systemio Optional OF systemioconfig Optional 00
83. c snmpd conf and send the generic SNMP coldStart or authenticationFailure notifications and informs to multiple destinations the Sonoma enterprise MIB notification inform generation mecha nism will only send a notification to the last declared trap2sink and an inform to the last declared informsink in the file 51 Sonoma User Manual Configuration of SNMPv3 CHAPTER SIX IMPORTANT After editing etc smmpd conf you must copy it to the boot ete directory and reboot the system It is very important to retain the access mode for the file readable only by root so be sure to use p when performing the copy During the boot process the files contained in the boot ete directory are cop ied to the working ete directory on the system RAM disk In this way the factory defaults are overwritten If you are planning to use SNMPv3 you should definitely make use of the two resources mentioned previously NET SNMP website and Essential SNMP and study them carefully There are rather elaborate configuration options available when you are using v3 The instruction presented here will give you the flavor of the configuration but definitely not the full scope of possibilities To access your Sonoma via v3 of SNMP you will have to configure two files etc snmpd conf boot net snmp snmpd conf The first file contains static configuration parameters that the agent uses to control access and to de termine where to send notifications traps Other a
84. cale either PTP or ARB STATE is the PTP port state one of MASTER PASSIVE LISTENING or INITIALIZING CLKID is the PTP clock source either GPS or OSC UTC is the PTP utc offset in seconds from TAL 36 Sonoma User Manual Operation PTP IEEE 1588 UTCV 18 the PTP utc offset valid either TRUE or FALSE CA is the PTP clock accuracy one of 25ns 100ns 250ns lus 2 5us 10us 25us 100us 250us 1 ms 2 5ms 10115 or Unknown L59 is the PTP leap 59 second indicator either TRUE or FALSE 161 is the leap 61 second indicator either TRUE FALSE TT is the PTP time traceable indicator either TRUE or FALSE FT is the PTP frequency traceable indicator either TRUE or FALSE The Sonoma is configured as an IEEE 1588 Grandmaster Clock default profile Verify that the network settings have been configured and tested using netconfig Once the network has been configured the Sonoma will begin to transmit PTP Sync messages after it is locked The PTP Sync Interval is user configured 1 2 4 8 16 32 64 or 128 packets per second are trans mitted as a multicast The packets are only transmitted when the clock is fully synchronized or in holdover with a known clock accuracy The PTP Announce Interval is user configured Packets are transmitted every 1 2 4 8 or 16 seconds as a multicast The packets are only transmitted when the clock is fully synchronized or in holdover with a known clock accuracy The Delay Request In
85. com Ask to be put on the leap second notification list About once every three years you will need to program your Sonoma with new leap second informa tion To view and change the leap second settings use commands cdmaleapmode and cdmaleap config See Chapter 9 Console Port Control amp Status Once you have programmed the unit for the next leap second insertion you can forget about it Since the values you set are stored in FLASH memory you can cycle power on your Sonoma with no problem The information at the website link shown above gives you details on programming the new leap second information When the unit is configured at the factory prior to shipping the current and future leap second values are set appropriately for the next possible leap second insertion date June 30th or December 31st 127 Sonoma User Manval Background Information APPENDIX F Another way to get the leap second information is to go to the International Earth Rotation Service IERS website If a leap second is pending it will be posted by the IERS approximately six months in advance of insertion This information is available in the latest Bulletin C at the IERS website http www Iiers org Leap seconds are inserted from time to time in order to keep UTC which is derived from atomic time TAT in agreement with the Earth s rotation rate Relative to TAI the Earth s rotation rate 1s slowing down This means that UTC must be retarded periodically
86. command to see what is installed on your Sonoma Then you can find out about those commands using the man command which stands for manual For example to read details on the ps command type this man ps A very detailed description called a man page of the ps command will be shown To navigate in the document press d to scroll down b to scroll up and to quit and return to the command prompt To search the database of man pages use either apropos or whatis apropos will do partial word searches while whatis will only find matching whole words For example to find all man pages dealing with ntp 111 Sonoma User Manual APPENDIX apropos ntp The relevant available man pages are shown ntp 1 keygen Create a NTP host key ntpd 1 NTP daemon program ntpdc 1 vendor specific NTP query program ntpq 1 standard NTP query program ntpsnmpd 1 NTP SNMP MIB agent sntp 1 standard SNTP program Now you can issue issue man commands on each of these man pages to find what you are looking for Change Password This command is used to change the password for the user that you are logged in as It affects the serial port SSH Telnet and HTTPS passwd List Active Processes This command displays all active processes running in the system ps e NTP Monitoring and Troubleshooting The following command displays which NTP clients are reaching the NTP daemon running on the Sonoma It
87. conf boot etc Mask Alarm In Stratum 1 operation an alarm will be indicated when there is a loss of signal For Stratum 2 opera tion you may not want to see this alarm You can mask it prevent it from showing by using the console port serial network command setsigfltmask 20 Sonoma User Manual Setting Up NTP Clients on Unix like Platforms NETWORK TIME PROTOCOL NTP To configure your Unix like computer to use your Sonoma Time Server you must have success fully completed the NTP Server basic installation procedure described above It is expected that you are or have access to a capable Unix Linux system administrator and know more than a little about installing distributions from source code Installation must be performed by a user with root privi ledges on the system If you have access to a usenet news server many problems may be solved by the helpful people who participate in the Internet news group devoted to NTP at comp protocols time ntp Three methods of using the Sonoma with NTP clients on Unix like platforms will be described Basic This is the simplest and will operate without MDS5 authentication NTP beginners should always perform this setup first 5 This method is trickier only because MD5 keys must be set up and distributed accurately to the NTP clients in a secure way The Sonoma is factory configured to authenticate its replies to NTP MDS clients using its default set of keys Broadcast Multicast This
88. cribed Basic This 15 the simplest and will operate without MDS authentication NTP beginners should always perform this setup first MDS This method is trickier only because MDS keys must be set up and distributed accurately to the NTP clients in a secure way The Sonoma is factory configured to authenticate its replies to NTP MDS clients using its default set of keys Broadcast Multicast This method simplifies configuration of the clients on large networks since specific server addresses need not be configured in each client s nfp conf file It can be configured either with or without MD5 authentication However it is highly recommended that authentication be configured when using broadcast multicast mode due to the relative ease with which a fake NTP server can take over the clock setting of the broadcast multicast clients on the network Windows Basic NTP Client Setup The two most common NTP clients on Windows platforms are described below Information on other NTP Client software is available at http www endruntechnologies com ntp client htm Windows w32time Windows uses a time service called w32time which is automatically enabled by default during Windows installation w32time exe synchronizes time in different ways depending on the network implementation used When peer to peer networking is used then each individual workstation syn chronizes to the NTP Server However the most common method is with Windows Domain Network
89. d endrun_1 After correctly entering the password the sign on message is shown It identifies the host system as Sonoma and shows the software part number version and build date Sonoma_N12 CDMA 6010 0065 000 v 1 00 Sat Jan 19 14 17 44 UTC 2013 Sonoma N12 CDMA rootQGhost This last line is the standard Sonoma N12 CDMA prompt After configuring the unit you should change the passwords using the Linux passwd command issued from the prompt Issuing exit will close the ssh session Using HTTPS You may monitor the status of the Sonoma via the HTTPS interface For security reasons you may not change any settings via the HTTPS interface See Chapter 7 HTTPS for more information IMPORTANT SSH Telnet SNMP and HTTPS are all enabled with default passwords To ensure security change the passwords or disable the protocols To change the passwords for SSH Telnet and HTTPS use the Linux passwa command To change the passwords community strings for SNMP see Chapter 6 SNMP To disable Telnet SSH SNMP and HTTPS see Chapter 5 Security Disable Protocols 15 Sonoma User Manual CHAPTER TWO This page intentionally left blank 16 Sonoma User Manual EndRun C TECHNOLOGIES Configuring the NTP Server Chapter Three Network Time Protocol NTP This chapter describes how to configure the Sonoma as an NTP Server It also includes brief instruc tion for setting up NTP Clients on your Unix like or Windo
90. d to reconfigure the PTP Subsystem You may perform the configuration from either a telnet or ssh session or the local RS 232 console Default PTP settings ede e t PTP Configuration Using the Network or Serial Port The ptpconfig0 or ptpconfigi command starts an interactive shell script that will allow you to configure the PTP Subsystem of the Sonoma You will be prompted to set PTP parameters as fol lows ETH Port Oorl Sync Interval Per Second 1 2 4 8 16 32 64 128 Announce Interval Seconds 1 2 4 8 or 16 Priorityl 0 255 Priority2 0 255 Delay Mechanism E2E or P2P Domain 0 255 PTP Time Mode UTC or PTP PTP TTL 1 255 34 Sonoma User Manual PTP IEEE 1588 One file is modified for each port Either etc ptp0 conf for eth0 or etc ptpl conffor eth1 These are non volatile files stored in the FLASH disk boot etc directory You must reboot the Sonoma after running this script for the changes to take effect The following is a transcript of the question and answer configuration utility provided by ptpcon fig0 or ptpconfigi The user entered parameters are underlined Sonoma rootGgntp ptpconfigO kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk brecision Time Protocol IEEE 1588 V2 Configuration dxxkd kde kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk
91. dis able the HTTPS interface see the end of this chapter for instructions The HTTPS implementation in the Sonoma uses HTTP over SSL SSL is a sublayer under standard HTTP HTTPS enhances security because it encrypts and decrypts the requested and returned pages from the server including any passwords which are transmitted The HTTPS implementation is built from the standard Apache 2 4 10 distribution from http httpd apache org See Chapter 5 Security HTTPS for information on changing the default HTTPS configuration and SSL certificate and key IMPORTANT A domain name server address is required by the Apache web server When using net config see Chapter 9 Console Port Control and Status to configure the TCP IP parameters be sure to configure a name server Only one name server is required but two gives some redundancy The HTTPS Interface will not operate properly if this is configured incorrectly 8 Sonoma User Manual HTTPS Interface Description CHAPTER SEVEN For security reasons the web pages on the Sonoma show status and configuration information only You cannot change any operational settings however you can perform upgrades to the Sonoma firm ware which is done with several security measures in place To make other changes to the Sonoma you will need to use the command line interfact via either a network or serial port For proper operation your web browser must be configured to allow pop up windows To
92. ds you should see the TFOM character change to indicate a gradually deteriorating accuracy of the timing outputs Ifthe signal loss condition persists longer then the final unsynchronized state will eventually be reached If the Sonoma is unable to re synchronize within one hour after reaching this state the Alarm LED will light and the faultstat command will show No Signal Time Out fault If the CDMA Subsystem reaches the unsynchronized TFOM state the NTP daemon will cease to use the timing information returned by the CDMA Subsystem in its polling event timestamps At this point the NTP daemon will report in its replies to network NTP clients that it is running at stratum 16 and the leap indicator bits will be set to the fault state NTP clients will recognize that and cease to use the unsynchronized server 99 Sonoma User Manual APPENDIX A This page intentionally left blank 100 Sonoma User Manual EndRun C VAN TECHNOLOGIES Upgrade via the HTTPS Interface Appendix 5 Upgrading the Firmware Periodically EndRun Technologies will make bug fixes and enhancements to our products available for download from our website All such downloads are freely available to our customers without charge You may securely upgrade your Sonoma firmware via the HTTPS interface or the console port network serial Software upgrades for the Sonoma are available at this link http www endruntechnologies com upgradesonoma htm IMPORTANT
93. e Sonoma server using one of the trusted keys in this case key 1 server 192 168 1 120 key 1 Restart exe to have it begin using the Sonoma server with MD5 authentication By default the NTP installation program installs ntpd exe as a service called Network Time Protocol and starts it You must use the Services utility in Control Panel to stop the Network Time Protocol service and then restart it Use the NTP utility ntpq exe to check that ntpd exe is able to communicate with the Sonoma From a console window after issuing the command ntpq 28 Sonoma User Manual NETWORK TIME PROTOCOL NTP you will see the ntpq exe command prompt ntpq gt Use the command peers to display the NTP peers which your computer is using One of them should be the Sonoma server which you have just configured You should verify that it is being reached You may have to con tinue issuing the peers command for a minute or two before you will see the reach count increment You can verify that authentication is being used by issuing the command associations to display the characteristics of the client server associations In the auth column of the display you should see OK for the row corresponding to the Sonoma server If you see bad you should wait a few minutes to be sure that there is a problem since is the initial state of this setting If the bad indication persists then you must check
94. e a signal then there could be an antenna failure or blockage If the condition persists indefinitely and a prob lem with the antenna is not evident then please contact EndRun Customer Support CDMA Receiver FPGA Configuration FPGA This fault indicates that the CDMA Receiver is unable to configure the FPGA This is a fatal fault Please contact EndRun Customer Support CDMA Receiver FLASH Writes FLSH This fault indicates that the CDMA Receiver is unable to verify a write to the FLASH non volatile parameter storage area This should not ever occur under normal operation Please contact EndRun Customer Support Local Oscillator Synthesizer Tuning SYN1 This fault indicates that the local oscillator synthesizer has reached the alarm limit This condition should not normally occur unless the unit is subjected to out of specification environmental condi tions Otherwise this is a fatal fault Please contact EndRun Customer Support Local Oscillator Synthesizer SYN2 This fault indicates that the local oscillator synthesizer has failed This condition should not nor mally occur unless the unit is subjected to out of specification environmental conditions Otherwise this is a fatal fault Please contact EndRun Customer Support CDMA Reference Time REF This fault indicates that the CDMA Receiver received an erroneous time input from the CDMA sig nals If the condition persists please contact EndRun Customer Support CDMA Receiver
95. e are three types of data plots available for viewing CPU NTP and Oscillator The large data plot shown on any of the plot pages is the last data plot viewed This could be from any one of the three data types CPU NTP Oscillator All plot files are kept in directories There is one directory for each week To choose a new plot to view use the selections on the right side of the page First click to select a directory Then you can either click to select one of the listed plot files or you can use your mouse to hover over one of the plot files Hovering over a plot file will display a small plot next to the large main plot In this way you can compare plots from different types to correlate data For example you can compare an NTP data plot with a CPU data plot Plots files can also be downloaded from the Sonoma as PNG files They can be found in the direc tory logs png 59 Sonoma User Manual CHAPTER SEVEN Receiver Receiver Page This page contains information related to the CDMA Subsystem Receiver Data fields are CDMA Receiver Status Subsystem State This shows whether the current state of the CDMA Subsystem WRM Warmup period for units with oscillator upgrades ACQ Searching for a signal LKG Locking to the CDMA Signal LKD Locked Fully synchronized to signal TFOM The current TFOM value see Appendix A TFOM AGC Automatic Gain Control DAC Typical value is 150 to 220 in good signal conditions SNR Signal to No
96. e commands cd boot etc httpd openssl req new x509 nodes out server crt keyout server key The two files will be created in the boot etc httpd directory You must reboot the Sonoma for them to take effect An excellent book which describes operation and configuration of the various HTTPS directives and SSL configuration 15 Professional Apache Wainwright Wrox Press 1999 47 Sonoma User Manval CHAPTER FIVE NTP You can configure your NTP clients for secure MDS authentication See Chapter 3 NTP Unix like Platforms 5 Authenticated NTP Client Setup or Chapter 3 NTP Windows MD5 Authenti cated NTP Client Setup You can also restrict NTP query access See Restrict Query Access NTP in this chapter Network Security Vulnerabilities EndRun addresses major network security vulnerabilities that affect Sonoma at the top of this web page http www endruntechnologies com fsb htm This Application Note describes best practices to secure your time server and mitigate many network security vulnerabilities http www endruntechnologies com pdf AppNoteSecurity pdf 48 Sonoma User Manual EndRun C IN I TECHNOLOGIES SNMPv3 Security Chapter Six Simple Network Management Protocol SNMP Your Sonoma includes the NET SNMP version 5 5 1 implementation of an SNMP agent snmpd and a SNMP notification trap generation utility snmptrap It supports all versions of the protocol in use today 1 the original
97. e examples below Normally EndRun products are configured from the factory with software options enabled But software options are also field installable In other words you can enable a software option yourself after you have received your Sonoma First you must obtain an 8 digit license key from EndRun Technologies then you can enable it using the sw opt command wrt sw opt To enable a software option use this console port command You must be logged in as the root user in order to run this command and you must provide a license key on the command line If the key is verified then the option will be enabled Command wrt sw opt keyl Sonoma reply Option to be enabled is Daemon get sw opts This command shows which software options are enabled in your Sonoma The command returns a 32 bit value with each bit identifying a software option Below is an example when no software op tions are enabled Command get sw opts Sonoma reply 00000000000000000000000000000000 Bit are numbered from 0 to 31 from right to left The example below shows bit 0 set which identifies that the PTPO option is enabled Command get sw opts Sonoma reply 00000000000000000000000000000001 87 Sonoma User Manval CPU Module Options CHAPTER TEN Software Option Bit Definitions Bits are numbered from 0 to 31 from right to left Currently there are only two software options defined in the Sonoma These are for PTP IEEE 1588 enabled on
98. e for any optional Time Code or Serial Time outputs Time modes are UTC GPS LOCAL MANUAL and LOCAL AUTO If the time mode is Local then you will also see the Local Time Offset includes time zone and DST A positive Local Time Offset implies a longitude east of the Greenwich meridian and that local time is ahead of UTC LO CAL MANUAL means you enter the time zone and DST information LOCAL AUTO means this information is decoded from the CDMA signal Command syst imemode Sonoma reply Time Mode GPS systimemodeconfig This command starts an interactive utility that allows you to configure the time mode of any optional Time Code outputs Serial Time output These settings have no effect on the operation of the NTP daemon or the underlying Linux operating system time These ALWAYS operate in UTC By default the unit is configured to operate in UTC mode If you need to modify the setting you must run this utility as root Settings made using this command are non volatile Command systimemodeconfig Sonoma reply Interactive utility is started 84 Sonoma User Manual CONTROL AND STATUS COMMANDS sysversion This command displays the firmware version and build date of the Linux Subsystem root file sys tem Command sysversion Sonoma reply Sonoma N12 CDMA 6010 0065 000 v 0 91 Jan 25 20 50 17 2013 updaterootflag This command allows you to update the configuration of the Linux bootloader after a new root file system image has bee
99. e host bin set transfer mode to binary get 6010 0071 000 3 01 bin tmp subsys bin transfer the filej quit close the ftp session after the transfer If you are using SSH to perform the CDMA Subsystem upgrade you may open another com mand window on the remote computer and securely transfer the CDMA Subsystem image to tmp subsys bin using scp from the remote computer A command like this could be used scp p 6010 0071 000 3 01 bin root host your domain tmp subsys bin Now issue the following command to the Sonoma console to initiate the upload upgradesubsys This command performs the file transfer to the CDMA Subsystem You will see a file transfer prog ress message while it is performing the transfer After it completes wait about 60 seconds and issue this command to check the CDMA Subsystem version cdmaversion You should see a message like this F W 6010 0071 000 Ver 3 01 FPGA 6020 0012 000 Ver 01 JAN 12 15 30 58 2013 The firmware version should match that of the binary file that you uploaded 107 Sonoma User Manval APPENDIX B Problems with the CDMA Subsystem Upgrade Should you have difficulties with the upgrade due to a corrupt file power failure during upload or other accident do not be alarmed Even though you may have lost the existing application program the CDMA Subsystem bootloader program will remain intact Correct any problem with the binary file and retry the upload procedure If you are still unable t
100. eboot the Sonoma after running this script for the changes to take effect Command netconfig Sonomareply Interactive script is started ntpconfig This command starts an interactive script that allows you to configure the NTP Subsystem of the Sonoma By default the unit is configured to authenticate its replies to clients using its default MD5 keys in the etc ntp keys file If you need to create your own MDS keys recommended or set up broadcast multicast operation you must run this script as root Refer to Chapter 3 Configure the NTP Server for details on the use of this command The two files that are modified are etc ntp keys and etc ntp conf Both of these are non volatilely stored in the FLASH disk boot etc directory You must reboot the Sonoma after running this script for the changes to take effect Command ntpconfig Sonomareply Interactive script is started 78 Sonoma User Manval CONTROL AND STATUS COMMANDS ntpstat This command provides some key information regarding the operation of the NTP daemon It shows the current offset between the NTP steered system clock and the CDMA Subsystem the counts of received sent and dropped packets and the sent packet rate The format of the response is YYYYMMDD HH MM SS S sssssssss RCVDCNT SENTCNT SENT sec DROPCNT Where YYYY is the year of the UTC timestamp of the most recent update received from the CDMA Subsystem MMDD the month and day of month of the UTC time
101. econds for more information 1 0 Page This page shows any installed CPU Options and their settings These are optional outputs that are generated from the CPU Module in the Sonoma A basic Sonoma Time Server has no CPU Options installed Use commands cpuioconfig and sysioconfig via the console port to change the set tings of the CPU Options See Chapter 10 Options for information on the various options Faults System Faults Page This page lists all possible system fault conditions of the Sonoma the Linux Subsystem and the CDMA Subsystem For details on each fault see Appendix System Faults Faults Receiver Faults Page This page lists all possible system fault conditions of the CDMA Receiver For details on each fault see Appendix G System Faults Faults Fault Mask Page Fault Masks Signal Fault This field shows the current mask setting for the Signal Fault either Masked or Enabled When the signal fault is Masked it will prevent a Signal Loss Fault from occurring Some installations may need to mask this fault when operating the Sonoma with no CDMA signal An example of this would be when configured as a Stratum 2 NTP Server To change the Signal Fault Mask use the setsigfltmask command 62 Sonoma User Manual HTTPS INTERFACE Primary and These fields will display ONLY if your Sonoma has the Dual Power Supply Secondary Power option installed See Chapter 10 Options Masking Dual Power Supply Fault Alarms Fault Alarms f
102. ed to start all of these 77 Sonoma User Manval CHAPTER NINE protocol servers If you need to disable start up of some or all of these e g for security reasons you must run this script as root from either the RS 232 serial I O port or from a telnet or ssh session This script modifies the etc inetd conf file which is non volatilely stored in the FLASH disk boot etc directory You must reboot the Sonoma after running this script for the changes to take effect Command inetdconfig Sonoma reply Interactive script is started kernelversion This command prints the current Linux operating system kernel firmware version Command kernelversion Sonoma reply 6010 0064 000 v1 00 Linux Kernel 3 2 2 Sonoma 2 Dec 19 01 08 43 2012 netconfig This command starts an interactive script that allows you to configure the IP network subsystem of the Sonoma By default the unit is configured to configure itself using the Dynamic Host Configura tion Protocol DHCP If you need to set up static IP configuration you must run this script as root from the RS 232 serial I O port during the installation process Refer to Chapter 2 Basic Installa tion Using netconfig to Set Up Your IP for details on the use of the command This script creates or modifies these files etc HOSTNAME etc hosts etc networks etc resolv conf and etc rc d rc inet1 conf of these non volatilely stored in the FLASH disk boot etc direc tory You must r
103. eer restrict 127 0 0 1 nomodify restrict 0 1 nomodify restrict 192 168 1 10 nomodify See below for instructions on how to completely disable the following protocols Telnet Time Day time SSH SNMP and HTTPS See Chapter 4 PTP IEEE 1588 Option for how to disable PTP The Network Time Protocol NTP cannot be disabled Disable Telnet Time and Daytime To disable Telnet Time and Daytime use the inetdconfig command to start an interactive script that will ask you which protocols to disable Then it will modify the etc inetd conf file which is read by the super server daemon inetd Requests from remote hosts for protocols not configured in etc inetd conf will be refused Currently three servers are configurable via inetdconfig Time and 44 Sonoma User Manual SECURITY Daytime whose protocol servers are contained within the inetd daemon itself and in telnetd Any one or all of these may be enabled or disabled for start up Disable SNMP SSH and HTTPS To disable SNMP SSH or HTTPS you only have to modify the file mode of the scripts that control their execution These are located in the etc rc d directory To disable any of these daemons issue one or more of these commands chmod x etc rc d rc snmpd chmod x etc rc d rc sshd chmod x etc rc d rc httpd After issuing these commands you must copy the modified file s to the non volatile FLASH area using one or more of these commands cp p etc rc d rc snmpd boot
104. el begins execution and the various device drivers are initialized When the boot process completes the Sonoma login prompt is displayed Fe e e e e e e e ee e IK IK IK IK IK IK e e IK e e IK e ke e e e e e e ke ke e ke ke ke ke ke e ke e ke ke ke ke e ke ke ke ke k k ke k k k k k k k k k k k e k k k k k e Welcome to Sonoma_N12 CDMA console on Sonoma_N12 your domain Tue Feb 20 2013 21 47 03 UTC KR RIKI RI KKK RK hee e e e e ee eee ee ee RI e e e e e ee ee ee ee e e eee e e ee ee e dee dee dee ee ede ke dee eee dee dee eee Sonoma N12 login Here you may log in as with password Praecis or you may log in as the root user with password endrun 1 When logged in as ntpuser you may check status information and view log files but you will not be able to modify any system settings or view secure files In order to perform system setup procedures which includes configuring the IP network settings you must log in as the root user After correctly entering the password at this prompt password the sign on message 15 shown It identifies the host system as Sonoma N12 CDMA and shows the software part number version and build date The out of the box hostname is set to Sonoma N12 and the domainname is set to your domain Sonoma N12 CDMA 6010 0065 000 v 1 00 Sat Jan 19 14 17 44 UTC 2013 Sonoma N12 CDMA root Sonoma_N12 gt This last line is the standard Sonoma N12 CDMA prompt After configuring the
105. el is 9 The PTP Timescale either PTP or ARB When Time Mode is configured to PTP the clock transmits the Timescale as PTP When the Time mode is UTC the clock transmits the Timescale as ARB The PTP Port State is one of MASTER PASSIVE or LISTENING The PTP Port State is selected as MASTER by the best master clock algorithm otherwise it is PASSIVE or LISTENING The PTP Clock Source is either GPS or OSC The Clock Source is GPS if the Clock Class is Syn chronized otherwise it is OSC based on the system oscillator The GPS designator is used in this CDMA synchronized time server because CDMA is sometimes called indirect GPS For an expla nation of indirect GPS see Chapter I Introduction CDMA Timing How It Works The PTP UTC Offset is the offset between TAI and UTC in units of seconds The PTP UTC Offset Valid is either TRUE or FALSE The UTC Offset Valid is TRUE if the current UTC Offset is known to be correct otherwise it is FALSE The PTP Clock Accuracy is transmitted when the time is accurate to within the the following 10us Clock is synchronized or in holdover PTP clock lt 10 microseconds 25us Clock is synchronized or in holdover PTP clock lt 25 microseconds 100us Clock is synchronized or in holdover PTP clock lt 100 microseconds 250us Clock is synchronized or in holdover PTP clock lt 250 microseconds lms Clock is synchronized or in holdover PTP clock lt 1 millisecond 2 5ms Clock is synchronized or in hold
106. en you distribute them as separate works But when you distribute the same sections as part of a whole which is a work based on the Program the distribution of the whole must be on the terms of this License whose permissions for other licensees extend to the entire whole and thus to each and every part regardless of who wrote it Thus it is not the intent of this section to claim rights or contest your rights to work written entirely by you rather the intent is to exercise the right to control the distribution of derivative or collective works based on the Program In addition mere aggregation of another work not based on the Program with the Program or with a work based on the Program on a volume of a storage or distribution medium does not bring the other work under the scope of this License 3 You may copy and distribute the Program or a work based on it under Section 2 in object code or executable form under the terms of Sections and 2 above provided that you also do one of the following a Accompany it with the complete corresponding machine readable source code which must be distributed under the terms of Sections 1 and 2 above on a medium customarily used for software interchange or b Accompany it with a written offer valid for at least three years to give any third party for a charge no more than your cost of physically performing source distribution a complete machine readable copy of the corresponding source code
107. equency errors Values may range from 0 to 1048575 Values close to the maximum or minimum will set the DAC fault flag that will appear in the fault status display The Time Status dis play will also indicate a fault condition is the chassis internal temperature in C Below is an example of a typical response to this command Command Sonoma reply 20130117 00 23 10 LKD 524281 passwd oscctrlstat 0 6 26e 09 6 26000e 09 1 25e 09 6 93e 13 1955 3 50 750 This command is used to change the password for the user that you are logged in as It affects the serial port SSH Telnet and HTTPS passwd is a Linux command that is also described in Appendix Helpful Linux Information 80 Sonoma User Manual CONTROL AND STATUS COMMANDS Command passwd Sonoma reply Interactive script is started ptpconfigO and ptpconfig Optional These commands are only available if the Precision Time Protocol PTP option has been installed Refer to Chapter 4 PTP IEEE 1588 for more information ptpstatO and ptpstat Optional These commands are only available if the Precision Time Protocol PTP option has been installed Refer to Chapter 4 PTP IEEE 1588 for more information pwrfltmask Optional See Chapter 10 Options Masking Dual Power Supply Fault Alarms for information on this com mand rcvrversion This command displays the firmware and hardware versions of the CDMA Receiver Command rcvrversion Sonoma reply
108. er or both Ethernet ports The IPv6 addressing scheme will see expanding deployment in the near future due to the fact that there are no longer any IPV4 addresses to be allocated in many regions of the world The presence of an IPv6 capable kernel will automatically enable most of the IPv6 capabilities By default autoconfiguration of the Ethernet interfaces via IPv6 Router Advertisements is enabled To disable acceptance of Router Advertisements or to configure a static IPv6 address and default IPv6 gateway and to configure IPv6 domain name servers you must run the interactive netcon ig script Either method will allow you to configure your Ethernet interface for both IPv4 and IPv6 operation Using the netcon ig script has the advantage that you can also configure the hostname and domain name for the unit OpenSSH By default sshd is factory configured to listen on both IPv4 and IPv6 addresses It may be forced to listen on either IPv4 only or IPv6 only by editing the etc ssh sshd config file and modifying the Ad dressFamily directive and then copying it to boot etc ssh Refer to the sshid config man page for detailed information man sshd config Apache HTTP By default httpd is factory configured to listen on both IPv4 and IPv6 addresses It may be forced to listen on either IPv4 only or IPv6 only by editing the etc httpd httpd conf configuration file and adding a Listen directive and then copying it to boot etc httpd Refer to t
109. erminal access Parameters 19200 baud 8 data bits no parity 1 stop bit Connector Rear panel DB 9M connector labeled RS 232 To connect to a computer a null modem adapter must be used The serial cable provided with the shipment is wired as a null modem Pinout for the RS 232 console port is shown below Note For operational details see Chapter 9 Console Port Control and Status 134 Sonoma User Manval SPECIFICATIONS l 2 Receive Data RX 3 Transmit Data TX Sonoma DB9M Pin Signal Name 7 o S Nor Connected 9 Nor connected I Size Chassis 1 75 H x 17 0 W x 10 75 D 19 rackmount Antenna 3 5 Dia x 2 5 Weight lt 5 lb 2 70 kg Environmental Operating Temperature 0 to 50 C Storage Temperature 40 to 85 C Antenna Operating Temperature 40 to 85 C Operating Humidity 5 to 90 non condensing Storage Humidity 5 to 90 non condensing Maximum Operating Altitude AC 13 125 ft 4000 meters 12 24 VDC 13 125 ft 4000 meters 48 VDC lt 61 VDC Max 13 125 ft 4000 meters 48 VDC gt 60 VDC Max 6 562 ft 2000 meters 125 VDC 6 562 ft 2000 meters Power Basic Sonoma 10 watts Sonoma with OCXO 11 13 watts depending on ambient temperature Sonoma with Rb 16 23 watts depending on ambient temperature 90 264 VAC 47 63 Hz 1 0A Max 120 VAC 0 5A Max 240 VAC 3 Pin IEC 320 on rear panel 2 meter line cord is included 135 Son
110. ers to any such program or work and a work based on the Program means either the Program or any derivative work under copyright law that is to say a work containing the Program or a portion of it either verbatim or with modifications and or translated into another language Herein after translation is included without limitation in the term modification Each licensee is addressed as you Activities other than copying distribution and modification are not covered by this License they are outside its scope The act of running the Program is not restricted and the output from the Program is covered only if its contents constitute a work based on the Program independent of having been made by running the Program Whether that is true depends on what the Program does 1 You may copy and distribute verbatim copies of the Program s source code as you receive it in any medium provided that you conspicuously and appropriately publish on each copy an appropriate copyright notice and disclaimer of warranty keep intact all the notices that refer to this License and to the absence of any warranty and give any other recipients of the Program a copy of this License along with the Program You may charge a fee for the physical act of transferring a copy and you may at your option offer warranty protection in exchange for a fee 2 You may modify your copy or copies of the Program or any portion of it thus forming a work based on
111. ery and Change Ethernet Ports ethtool is a Linux utility that allows you to query or change the settings for Port 0 etho and Port 1 ethi For example to view current settings for Port 0 issue the following command ethtool eth0 Here 15 an example of one way to set the speed on Port 0 to 1000Base T ethtool s eth0 speed 1000 duplex full autoneg off The command above will immediately change the port speed to 1000Base T but it will revert to its factory 10 100 1000Base T at a system reset If you want to retain the setting after a system reset then you need to edit the rc M configuration file Follow this sequence 1 Edit etc rc d rc M using one of the editors on the previous page Insert the desired ethtoo1 line see example above after the Gatekeeper Daemon 15 started and before the Precision Time Protocol is started Exit and save the rc M file 2 Now you need to copy the rc M file into a location that will ensure your changes persist through a system reset Copy etc rc d rc M to boot etc rc d as shown cp etc rc d rc M boot etc rc d For more details on ethtoo1 and how to use it type man ethtool Redirect Syslog Files to Remote Host You can redirect syslog files to a remote host syslog server by adding the standard Linux redirect commands to the Sonoma s syslog conf file Follow this sequence 1 Edit etc syslog conf using one of the editors on the previous page Insert this line remote host Substitute
112. es The latest released versions of Sonoma firmware freely available on the EndRun Technologies website For detailed information on how to perform the upgrade either via the network port the serial port or the HTTPS interface see Appendix B Up grading The Firmware Firmware CDMA Receiver Upgrade Page This page is used for upgrading the firmware for the CDMA Receiver You must be logged in as root in order to have access to these pages The latest released versions of Sonoma firmware freely available on the EndRun Technologies website For detailed information on how to perform the upgrade either via the network port the serial port or the HTTPS interface see Appendix B Up grading The Firmware Firmware Reboot Page This page will allow you to perform a software reboot of both the Linux Subsystem and the CDMA Subsystem This is normally used after a firmware upgrade but can be done anytime you wish to reset the Sonoma To disable HTTPS see Chapter 5 Security Disable SNMP SSH and HTTPS To restrict access to specific hosts see Chapter 5 Security Restrict Access HTTPS Sonoma User Manual CHAPTER SEVEN This page intentionally left blank 66 Sonoma User Manual EndRun C VAN TECHNOLOGIES IPv6 Capabilities Chapter Eight IPv6 The Sonoma Time Servers support IPv6 out of the box with a modern version 3 2 2 Linux kernel During network configuration you have the option to disable IPv6 on eith
113. etc rc d cp p etc rc d rc sshd boot etc rc d cp p etc rc d rc httpd boot etc rc d Re boot the Sonoma when done for the changes to take effect IMPORTANT After modifying etc rc d rc smnpd re sshd or rc httpd you must copy them to the Doot etc rc d directory and reboot the system It is very important to use the p when performing the copy During the boot process the files contained in the Doot etc rc d directory are copied to the working ete re d direc tory on the system RAM disk In this way the factory defaults are overwritten Re Enable SNMP SSH and HTTPS If you have disabled SNMP SSH or HTTPS and you want to re enable it all you need to do is re move the rc file from the boot etc rc d directory using one or more of these commands rm boot etc rc d rc snmpd rm boot etc rc d rc sshd rm boot etc rc d rc httpd Re boot the Sonoma when done for the changes to take effect Is the Protocol Disabled Telnet TIME and DAYTIME To determine if one of these protocols is disabled use the inetdcon fig command SNMP SSH and HTTPS To determine if one of these protocols is disabled issue the following command ls 1 boot etc rc d 48 Sonoma User Manual OpenSSH CHAPTER FIVE If you see one of the following files listed and there is NOT an after the file name then the cor responding protocol is disabled rw r r 1 root root 1144 Feb 19 01 52 rc httpd rw r r 1 root root 1168 Oct 26 2012
114. ets on your network 1 32 64 96 128 160 192 224 32 It is highly recommended that authentication be used if you are using NTP in broadcast multicast mode Otherwise clients may easily be spoofed by a fake NTP server You can specify an MD5 key number that the Sonoma_N12 CDMA will use in its broadcast multicast packets The clients on your network must be configured to use the same key Would you like to specify an MD5 key number to use with broadcast multicast mode yles Y Enter the MD5 key number to use 1 65534 2 kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk The Sonoma_N12 CDMA Network Time Protocol configuration has been updated Please re boot now for the changes to take effect 54 kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk 19 Sonoma User Manual CHAPTER THREE Configuring the Sonoma as a Stratum 2 Server Operating the Sonoma as a Stratum 1 Server is the recommended mode However there are times when Stratum 2 operation is a good strategy 1 When you want a backup source of time In this case Sonoma will operate as a Stratum 1 Server as long as it is locked to the CDMA signal If it loses the signal then Sonoma will start to drift away from perfec
115. figured as a Stratum 2 server then it will show the IP address of the upstream Stratum 1 server Offset This field shows the offset in seconds between the NTP system clock and the CDMA Subsystem clock Positive implies that the NTP system clock is ahead of the CDMA Subsystem clock Sonoma User Manual CHAPTER SEVEN Leap Indicator This field shows whether a leap second is pending Leap seconds occur every 2 3 years Possible indicator values are 00 Normal locked operation 01 Leap second insertion event will occur at UTC midnight 10 Leap second deletion event will occur at UTC midnight 11 Fault Unsynchronized state I O Statistics Time Since Reset These fields show statistics accumulated since the last reboot of the system Packets Sent Received Sent Rate Packets Dropped PTP Status and Configuration Pages The fields on these pages show the status and the configuration for the optional PTP IEEE 1588 pro tocol If your Sonoma does not have PTP enabled then there will be no fields shown For more infor mation on PTP and an explanation of the data fields on this page see Chapter 4 PTP IEEE 1588 Firmware Firmware Status Page The firmware status page shows part numbers and revisions for Sonoma firmware Firmware Status Linux RFS PN These fields show the Linux Root File System part number version amp date Linux RFS Version Linux Kernel PN These fields show the Linux Kernel part number version amp date L
116. frequency Typical range is 320000 to 680000 This is the system oscillator on the CDMA Subsystem SN R is the carrier signal to noise ratio 0 00 to 99 9 measured in the CDMA sync channel symbol rate bandwidth Typical range is 2 5 to 11 0 FERR is the CDMA sync channel frame error rate 0 000 to 1 000 with a higher number implying more Cyclical Redundancy Check CRC failures when processing the sync channel message frames Higher numbers will correlate with lower signal to noise ratios FLTR is the fault status for the CDMA Receiver This is a numeric value consisting of four hexadecimal characters where each bit indicates a particular receiver fault Assertion of any of these bits will light the Alarm LED Bit definitions are shown below Decoding the bits can be difficult for non programmers For a more user friendly method of reading the fault status use the faultstat command For details on each system fault see Appendix G System Faults 9 9 9 Char 0 CDMA Revr CDMA Revr CDMA Signal CDMA Revr FLASH Writes FPGA Config Oscillator DAC Char 1 CDMA Revr CDMA Reference Synthesizer Synthesizer Limits Oscillator Time WANA FLTS is the fault status for the CDMA Subsystem This is a numeric value consisting of four hexadecimal characters where each bit indicates a particular system fault Assertion of any of these bits will light the Alarm LED Bit definitions are shown below Decoding the
117. ftware for any purpose It is provided as is without express or implied warranty X 0X HF KF X kk sk 2 sk ok oe sk ok oe The Apache server as implemented in the Sonoma is cover by copyrights See the license at http www apache org licenses LICENSE 1 1 Information about Apache can be found at http httpd apache org The distribution and usage of Apache is allowed as long as the following copyright notice is included in our documentation This notice applies as if the text was explicitly included each file The Apache Software License Version 1 1 Copyright c 2000 The Apache Software Foundation All rights reserved Redistribution and use in source and binary forms with or without modification are permitted provided that the following conditions are met 120 Sonoma User THIRD PARTY SOFTWARE 1 Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice this list of conditions and the following disclaimer 2 Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation and or other materials provided with the distribution 3 The end user documentation included with the redistribution if any must include the following acknowledgment This product inc
118. ge intentionally left blank 98 Sonoma User Manual EndRun C VAN TECHNOLOGIES Appendix 4 Time Figure of Merit TFOM This appendix describes the Time Figure of Merit number The TFOM number indicates the level of accuracy that should be included in the interpretation of the time of day and ranges from 6 to 9 time error is lt 100 us time error is lt 1 ms time error is lt 10 ms time error is gt 10 ms unsynchronized state if never locked to CDMA In all cases the Sonoma reports this value as accurately as possible even during periods of CDMA signal outage where the Sonoma is unable to directly measure the relationship of its timing outputs to UTC During these CDMA outage periods assuming that the Sonoma had been synchronized prior to the outage the Sonoma extrapolates the expected drift of the Sonoma timing signals based on its knowledge of the characteristics of the system oscillator either the Temperature Compensated Crystal Oscillator TCXO Oven Controlled Crystal Oscillator or Rubidium oscillator The extrapolated TFOM is based on a conservative estimate of the performance of the oscillator and should be considered worst case for a typical benign ambient temperature environment Due to this extrapolation behavior after initial synchronization brief periods without CDMA signal reception will not induce an immediate alarm condition If the condition persists for long enough pe rio
119. ge to tmp rcvr bin using scp from the remote computer A command like this could be used scp p 6010 0063 000 1 04 bin rootQGhost your domain tmp rcvr bin Now issue the following command to the Sonoma console to initiate the upload upgradercvr This command performs the file transfer to the CDMA Receiver You will see a file transfer progress message while it is performing the transfer Next issue the following command to the Sonoma con sole to reset the CDMA Subsystem and Receiver subsysreset After it completes wait about 60 seconds and issue this command to check the CDMA Receiver ver sion rcvrversion 108 Sonoma User Manval UPGRADING THE FIRMWARE You should see a message like this F W 6010 0063 000 Ver 1 04 FPGA 6020 0008 000 Ver 01 JAN 28 13 08 52 2013 The firmware version should match that of the binary file that you uploaded Problems with the CDMA Receiver Upgrade Should you have difficulties with the upgrade due to a corrupt file power failure during upload or other accident do not be alarmed Even though you may have lost the existing application program the CDMA Receiver bootloader program will remain intact Correct any problem with the binary file and retry the upload procedure If you are still unable to successfully perform the CDMA Receiver upgrade you should contact Customer Support at EndRun Technologies 109 Sonoma User Manual APPENDIX B This page intentionally left blank 110 Sonoma
120. ges to send product to EndRun Technologies and EndRun Technologies shall pay shipping charges to return product to Buyer However if returned product proves to be operating normally not defective then Buyer shall pay for all shipping charges If Buyer is located outside the U S A then Buyer shall pay all duties and taxes if any Products not manufactured by EndRun Technologies but included as an integral part of a system e g peripherals options are warranted for ninety days or longer as provided by the original equipment manufacturer from date of shipment Extended Warranty EndRun products are very reliable and rarely need to be returned to the factory for service After the initial warranty period it is most cost effective for the customer to repair the unit on an as needed ba sis rather than pay for an extended warranty or the annually recurring fees of a service contract Limitation of Warranty The foregoing express warranty shall not apply to defects resulting from improper or inadequate maintenance by Buyer or User Buyer supplied software or interfacing unauthorized modification or misuse operation outside of the environmental specifications for the product or improper site prepa ration or maintenance Sonoma User Manual TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY LAW THIS WARRANTY AND REMEDIES SET FORTH ABOVE ARE EXCLUSIVE AND IN LIEU OF ALL OTHER WARRANTIES REMEDIES AND CONDITIONS WHETHER ORAL OR WRITTEN STATUTORY EXPRESS OR IM
121. haracter Ox0D The first lt CR gt is the on time character lt LF gt is the ASCII line feed character 0x0A 95 Sonoma User Manual Power Supply Options CHAPTER TEN NMEA Format The National Marine Electronics Association NMEA has developed a specification that defines the interface between various pieces of marine electronic equipment This standard defines sentences that contain GPS position navigation time and other information Sentences that have been imple mented in the Sonoma conform to NMEA 0183 Specification Version 3 01 and are GGA GLL GSA VTG and ZDA However position and navigation are not available in CDMA synchronized product so the only sentence that has been fully implemented is ZDA time and date information NOTE Up to 3 sentences may be transmitted per second The first character of the first sentence is the on time character Once the unit is locked to GPS the on time character starts transmitting within the first 20 microseconds of each second ZDA Time and Date The ZDA sentence identifies the time associated with the current 1PPS pulse Each sentence is transmitted within 500 milliseconds after the 1PPS pulse is output and tells the time of the pulse that just occurred If the Sonoma is unsynchronized then this sentence will be composed of null fields Examples are below GPZDA 48 lt CR gt lt LF gt GPZDA 175658 00 20 05 2008 07 00 69 lt CR gt lt
122. he recipients all the rights that you have You must make sure that they too receive or can get the source code And you must show them these terms so they know their rights We protect your rights with two steps 1 copyright the software and 2 offer you this license which gives you legal permission to copy distribute and or modify the software Also for each author s protection and ours we want to make certain that everyone understands that there is no warranty for this free software If the software is modified by someone else and passed on we want its recipients to know that what they have is not the original so that any problems intro duced by others will not reflect on the original authors reputations Finally any free program is threatened constantly by software patents We wish to avoid the dan ger that redistributors of a free program will individually obtain patent licenses in effect making the program proprietary To prevent this we have made it clear that any patent must be licensed for everyone s free use or not licensed at all The precise terms and conditions for copying distribution and modification follow GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR COPYING DISTRIBUTION AND MODIFICATION 0 This License applies to any program or other work which contains a notice placed by the copyright holder saying it may be distributed under the terms of this General Public License The Program below ref
123. he Apache HTTP docu mentation for details Net SNMP By default snmpd 15 factory configured to listen on both IPv4 and IPv6 addresses This may be changed by editing etc rc d rc snmpd and modifying the agent address argument passed to snmpd at start up and then copying it to boot etc rc d 67 Sonoma User Manual CHAPTER EIGHT NTP By default is factory configured to listen on both IPv4 and IPv6 addresses on all interfaces This may be changed by editing etc ntp conf and adding the desired interface directives to achieve the desired behavior and then copying it to boot etc For example adding this line interface ignore ipv6 will cause ntpd to not bind to any IPv6 addresses Refer to the NTP documentation for details on the interface directive IPv4 Only Protocols There are several protocols running on the Sonoma which are not IPv6 capable telnet client and server ftp and Due to their intrinsic insecurity telnet and ftp are rapidly being depre cated and probably have little business running over an IPv6 network The address autoconfiguration capabilities of IPv6 along with the Neighbor Discovery Protocol NDP make the DHCP protocol less important in IPv6 networks The optional PTP IEEE 1588 protocol is also not available on IPv6 68 Sonoma User Manual Console Ports General Linux Operation EndRun ANE TECHNOLOGIES Chapter Nine Console Port Control and Status This chapter
124. he authenticated version added in Unix like Platforms MD5 Authenticated NTP Client Setup server 192 168 1 120 key 1 Configure NTP Client for Multicast You must edit the ntp conf file which ntpd the NTP daemon looks for by default in the the etc directory And add these lines for multicast multicastclient 224 0 1 1 or for IPv6 multicastclient 05 101 If you are not using MD5 authentication you would add these lines disable auth multicastclient 224 0 1 1 or for IPv6 disable auth multicastclient 05 101 24 Sonoma User Manval NETWORK TIME PROTOCOL NTP You may remove the line added previously in Unix like Platforms Basic NTP Client Setup server 192 168 1 120 the authenticated version added in Unix like Platforms MD5 Authenticated NTP Client Setup server 192 168 1 120 key 1 Test Broadcast Multicast Restart ntpd to have it begin using the Sonoma as a broadcast or multicast server Use the NTP util ity ntpq to check that ntpd is able to communicate with the Sonoma After issuing the command you will see command prompt ntpq gt Use the command peers to display the NTP peers which your computer is using One of them should be the Sonoma server which you have just configured You should verify that it is being reached You may have to con tinue issuing the peers command for a minute or two before you will see the reach count increment If you are using a
125. he author to ask for permission For software which is copyrighted by the Free Software Foundation write to the Free Software Foundation we sometimes make exceptions for this Our decision will be guided by the two goals of preserving the free status of all derivatives of our free software and of promoting the sharing and reuse of software generally NO WARRANTY 11 BECAUSE THE PROGRAM IS LICENSED FREE OF CHARGE THERE IS NO WARRANTY FOR THE PROGRAM TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW EXCEPT WHEN OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND OR OTHER PARTIES PROVIDE THE PROGRAM AS IS WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND EITHER EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE IMPLIED WARRAN TIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE THE ENTIRE RISK AS TO THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF THE PROGRAM IS WITH YOU SHOULD THE PROGRAM PROVE DEFECTIVE YOU ASSUME THE COST OF ALL NECES SARY SERVICING REPAIR OR CORRECTION 12 INNO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN WRITING WILL ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MAY MODIFY AND OR REDISTRIBUTE THE PROGRAM AS PERMITTED ABOVE BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR DAM AGES INCLUDING ANY GENERAL SPECIAL INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAM AGES ARISING OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE PROGRAM INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO LOSS OF DATA OR DATA BEING RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY YOU OR THIRD PARTIES OR A FAILURE OF THE PROGRAM TO OPER
126. hen log in to the Sonoma using telnet or ssh fall has gone well you should be able to log in the usual way After you have entered your password the system version message will be displayed You should notice that it now indicates the software version and date of the upgrade that you previously downloaded You can also check this at any time by issuing sysversion which will cause the system version message to be re displayed You can also check to see which root file system image the system is currently booted under by issu ing this command at the shell prompt sysrootfs Which should cause this to be printed to the console BOOTED ROOT FILE SYSTEM IMAGE 1 Upgrade If so and your unit seems to be operating normally you have successfully completed the root file system upgrade If your unit does not boot up successfully and you are not able to telnet or ssh into the system after 90 seconds then there has been some kind of problem with the root file system upgrade It is possible that the file downloaded was corrupt that you forgot to set your tp down load file mode to binary when downloading the file either from the EndRun Technologies website or when transferring it to the Sonoma Recovering from a Failed RFS Upgrade To restore your Sonoma to a bootable state using the factory root file system you must use the serial port and reboot the Sonoma by cycling the power Refer to Chapter 2 Basic Installation Con 104
127. hone must decode much more information establish two way communications with the base station and be a paid subscriber to performs its function of placing and receiving calls All of this means that during normal operation the quality of the timing information being trans mitted from each of the base stations is virtually a repeat of that directly obtainable from the GPS The big difference is that the received signal strengths from the base stations are a minimum of 30 dB larger than those from the GPS satellites which is why you can usually talk on your cell phone indoors Due to the nature of IS 95 spread spectrum CDMA modulation scheme this timing in formation may be extracted by a well designed receiver with a precision of a few nanoseconds The CDMA Subsystem in the Sonoma does just that and for this reason we call our technology indirect GPS 2 Sonoma User Manual Where to Use It Client Slave Software First the Sonoma must be deployed in a cellular or PCS IS 95 CDMA coverage area Cellular is a commonly used term implying that the frequency band for the base station carrier transmissions is 824 895 MHz This is in contrast to PCS which implies operation in the 1850 1990 MHz frequency band If available the Sonoma uses the cellular frequency band because it provides much better propagation characteristics in regards to building penetration and maximum receivable range from the transmitter In regions lacking cellular c
128. i bration delay See the caldelay command setcdmachannelset Command that allows the user to select the channelset for the CDMA Subsystem to receive This command is not functional in units comfigured for Japanese Cellular operation See the cdmachannelset command setpwrfltmask Command to enable or mask the optional Dual Power Supply optional Input Faults See Chapter 10 Options Masking Dual Power Supply Fault Alarms for more information Command to enable or mask the Signal Loss Fault See the s g 1tmask command Prints the current setting for the Signal Loss Fault mask See the setsigfltmask command Command that performs a CDMA Subsystem reset Prints the currently booted linux kernel either 0 or 1 where 0 is the factory installed kernel and 1 is the upgraded kernel TCXO OCXO or Rubidium 71 Sonoma User Manual CHAPTER NINE sysrootfs Prints the currently loaded linux root file system image either 0 or 1 where 0 is the factory installed root file system and 115 the upgraded root file system sysstat Prints detailed NTP status information Included is the offset of the NTP steered system clock to the CDMA Subsystem clock the NTP daemon leap indicator bit values the TFOM the time of the most recent update and the current leap seconds value systemio Returns the current settings for any installed system options optional See Chapter 10 Options CPU Module Options for more information systemioconfig A
129. ia SSL so passwords and session data are encrypted on the wire Access via HTTPS may be restricted or completely disabled See Restrict Access HTTPS and Disable SNMP SSH and HTTPS below e SNMP access for system monitoring only is configurable to provide the security of the latest ver sion 3 Internet standard which supports both view based access control and user based security using modern encryption techniques Previous versions v1 and v2c supported access control essentially via passwords transmitted over the network in plain text Refer to Chapter 6 SNMP and Restrict Access Telnet SSH and SNMP below for details SNMP may also be completely disabled See Disable SNMP SSH and HTTPS below e Individual host access to protocol server daemons in telnetd snmpd or sshd are controlled by directives contained in the files etc hosts allow and etc hosts deny which are configured using the interactive script accessconfig See Restrict Access Telnet SSH and SNMP below e Insecure protocols like Time Daytime and Telnet may be completely disabled by configuration of the inetd super server daemon using the interactive script inetdconfig See Disable Telnet Time and Daytime below The following paragraphs describe how to restrict SNMP SSH Telnet and HTTPS access to specific hosts Also described is how to restrict NTP query access Restrict Access Telnet SSH and SNMP By default the Sonoma is configured to allow access by all users
130. ications Operation of this equipment in a residential area is likely to cause harmul interference in which case the user will be required to correct the interference at his own expense Using standard 19 rack mounting hardware mount the unit in the desired location After mounting the unit and connecting the antenna cable verify that it still acquires and locks on to CDMA signal Ground the unit properly with the supplied power cord The socket outlet should be installed near the equipment and be easily accessible Power cord is used as a disconnection device To de energize equipment disconnect the power cord If your Sonoma has dual power supplies then multiple power cords may be installed To de energize this equipment disconnect all power cords from the device Do not install the Sonoma N12 where the operating ambient temperature might exceed 122 F 50 C Connecting the Optional DC Power The DC Power Input is an option For installation instructions see Chapter 10 Options Connecting the DC Power Connecting and Configuring Ethernet Connect one end of the CAT 5 patch cable supplied with your Sonoma to either of the rear panel mounted RJ 45 connector labeled 10 100 1000Base T Connect the other end of the patch cable to your network through a straight port on your switch Do not connect it to a crossover port on your switch By factory default the Sonoma will attempt to configure the Ethernet interfaces automa
131. in the same way that SSH does for remote login shell users In addition it implements the View based Access Control Model VACM defined in RFC 2275 This RFC defines mechanisms for limiting the access of multiple users having various security levels no authentication authentication or authentication plus privacy to specific views of the Structure of Management Information SMI object tree 49 Sonoma User Manual Enterprise Management Information Base MIB Invocation of the SNMP daemon Quick Start Configuration SNMPv1 vXc CHAPTER SIX In addition to providing the SNMP variables contained in MIB II as described in RFC 1213 EndRun Technologies has implemented an enterprise MIB using the syntax of the SMI version 2 SMIv2 as described in RFC 2578 SONOMA MIB Which is located on your Sonoma in this ASCII file usr local share snmp mibs SONOMA MIB txt In addition to a complete set of NTP and Receiver GPS or CDMA status objects the MIB defines four SMIv2 notification objects NTP Leap Indicator Bits status change e NTP Stratum change Receiver Fault Status change e Receiver Time Figure of Merit change The SNMP daemon snmpd is started from the etc rc d rc snmpd system start up script By default it will listen on port 161 for SNMP queries from the network management system If you would like to have it listen on another port you could edit the file and change the port number in the argument list being
132. ing In this case you must configure the Primary Domain Controller PDC to synchronize to the NTP Server All other servers and workstations in the domain synchronize to the PDC The default Windows installation procedure automatically configures workstations and servers to synchronize to the controlling PDC So only the PDC needs to be configured to synchronize to the NTP Server Windows ntpd For more precise timekeeping you should use ntpd An easy way to install ntpd is by using a third party NTP compilation A list for Windows is at this link 26 Sonoma User Manual NETWORK TIME PROTOCOL NTP http support ntp org bin view Main ExternalTimeRelatedLinks Configure NTP Directory path names are not given in the instructions below because there are multiple ways to install ntpd and multiple versions of Windows After installing you must edit the ntp conf file by adding a line similar to this server 192 168 1 120 This line tells ntpd exe to use the NTP server at address 192 168 1 120 in addition to any other servers which might also be configured in the ntp conf file Restart exe to have it begin using the Sonoma server By default the NTP installation pro gram installs ntpd exe as a service called Network Time Protocol and starts it You must use the Services utility in Control Panel to stop the Network Time Protocol service and then restart it Use the NTP utility ntpq exe to check that exe is ab
133. ing the file At boot time it will be copied to the etc ssh directory of the system ramdisk thereby replacing the fac tory default configuration file The HTTPS server in the Sonoma is built from the standard Apache version 2 4 10 distribution from http httpd apache org It uses HTTPS HTTP over SSL with mod ssl the Apache interface to OpenSSL For more infor mation about this protocol refer to http www modssl org NOTE To disable the HTTPS protocol see Disable SNMP SSH and HTTPS above To restrict ac cess see Restrict Access HTTPS above HTTP and SSL use files for the default configuration located in etc httpd Of these you will typi cally only need to modify Attpd conf Advanced users who need to modify the default configuration will need to edit the file and copy it to the boot etc httpd directory Do not attempt to change the directives unless you have a real need to do so See Appendix C Helpful Linux Information Us ing Editors above Configure Certificate and Key For SSL it is recommended but not required that new certificates and keys are generated and installed on the Apache web server with mod ssl The factory configured self signed certificate 15 located in etc httpd server crt and the key in etc httpd server key After creating new certificates and private keys they will need to be saved in boot etc httpd server crt and boot etc httpd server key generate a new certificate and key issue thes
134. inux Kernel Version CDMA Subsystem This field shows the CDMA Subsystem firmware version Firmware CDMA Subsystem This field shows the CDMA Subsystem Field Programmable Gate Array FPGA FPGA version CDMA Receiver This field shows the CDMA Receiver firmware version Firmware CDMA Receiver This field shows the CDMA Receiver FPGA version FPGA Sonoma User Manual Disable Restrict Access HTTPS INTERFACE Firmware Linux RFS Upgrade This page is used for upgrading the Linux RFS firmware You must be logged in as root in order to have access to this page The latest released versions of Sonoma firmware are freely available on the EndRun Technologies website For detailed information on how to perform the upgrade either via the network port the serial port or the HTTPS interface see Appendix B Upgrading The Firmware Firmware Linux Kernel Upgrade This page is used for upgrading the Linux Kernel firmware You must be logged in as root in order to have access to this page The latest released versions of Sonoma firmware are freely available on the EndRun Technologies website For detailed information on how to perform the upgrade either via the network port the serial port or the HTTPS interface see Appendix B Upgrading The Firm ware Firmware CDMA Subsystem Upgrade Page This page is used for upgrading the firmware for the CDMA Subsystem You must be logged in as root in order to have access to these pag
135. ion OK CDMA Receiver FAULT System Oscillator PLL OK System Power Configuration OK If the CDMA Receiver shows a FAULT then the list will also display receiver faults For example CDMA Receiver Fault Status CDMA Receiver Oscillator DAC OK CDMA Signal FAULT CDMA Receiver FPGA Configuration OK CDMA Receiver FLASH Writes OK Local Oscillator Synthesizer Tuning OK Local Oscillator Synthesizer OK CDMA Reference Time OK CDMA Receiver Oscillator OK get sw opts See Chapter 10 Options Software Options for information on this command help This command displays a list of the Sonoma commands not Linux commands To get help on a particular command you would type he1p followed by the command Command help Sonoma reply Sonoma commands are displayed Command help cdmastat Sonoma reply Information specific to the cdmastat command is displayed inetdconfig This command starts an interactive script that allows you to configure the list of protocol servers which are started by the inetd super server daemon running in the Sonoma Three protocol servers may be configured Time Daytime and Telnet By default the unit is configur
136. is itself a CDMA based system as the means of maintaining synchronization and they defined system time to be GPS time Each base station throughout the system contains one or more high performance GPS timing receiv ers with sophisticated algorithms that control either an extremely stable ovenized quartz crystal oscil lator or a Rubidium vapor atomic frequency standard Such elaborate means are needed to meet the very difficult operating specifications required by the TIA EIA IS 95 standard The base station time synchronization must remain within 10 microseconds of GPS time over periods as long as twenty four hours during which GPS satellite signals might not be available typically due to antenna cable failure damage or vandalism and in an environment where large ambient temperature swings may occur Equipment capable of meeting these requirements is at the current state of the art The CDMA Subsystem in the Sonoma receives the same initialization signals transmitted by the base stations that are used by the mobile telephones to establish their synchronization to system time The mobile telephones cannot communicate in the system until they have established synchronization with the received spread spectrum encoded waveform Unlike the mobile telephones once this syn chronization has occurred the CDMA Subsystem has all of the information that it needs to perform its function of delivering accurate UTC time to a network of computers The mobile telep
137. is string format is always UTC time The following string is sent once each second lt SOH gt DDD HH MM SSQ lt CR gt lt LF gt 92 Sonoma User Manual OPTIONS lt SOH gt is the ASCII Start of Header character 0x01 DDD is the day of year is the colon character 0x3A HH is the hour of the day MM is the minute of the hour SS is the second of the minute Q is the time quality indicator and may be either lt space gt ASCII space character 0x20 which indicates locked ASCII question mark 0x3F which indicates the unsynchronized condition lt CR gt is the ASCII carriage return character 0x0D and is the on time character transmitted during the first millisecond of each second lt LF gt is the ASCII line feed character 0x0A Truetime Format The format of the Truetime string is identical to the Sysplex format The only difference between the two is that the Sysplex format always uses UTC time The time contained in the Truetime format depends on the time mode of the Sonoma For example if you want an output with this string format that uses Local Time then select the Truetime format EndRun Format The time contained in this string depends on the time mode of the Sonoma For example if you want the time in this string to be UTC then set the time mode of the Sonoma to UTC You can do this by using the console port see syst imemodeconfig in Chapter 9 Console Port Control and Status The following string is sent o
138. ise Ratio Typical value is gt 2 5 FER Frame Error Rate when decoding CDMA sync channel frames PNO Pseudo Noise Offset of the basestation Channel This is the CDMA frequency channel being used Receiver DAC This is the CDMA Receiver 16 bit DAC value Receiver State This shows the current state of the CDMA Receiver WRM Warmup period for units with oscillator upgrades ACQ Searching for a signal DET A signal is detected LKG Locking to the Pseudonoise PN Code TRK Locking to the carrier LKD Locked Fully synchronized to signal Configuration Clock Calibration Clock Calibration is used to advance or retard the clock in order to correct for propagation delay due to distance from the basestation Calibration range is 500 000 nanoseconds Channel Set This shows the current channelset being used by the CDMA Receiver It could be North America Cellular Korea Cellular North American PCS India Cellular and Japan Cellular Sonoma User Manual HTTPS INTERFACE Receiver Oscillator Page This page shows CDMA Subsystem oscillator control information such as Oscillator Status Oscillator Type This field shows the system oscillator type that is installed in the Sonoma It will be either TCXO standard OCXO option or Rubidium option DAC The system oscillator control DAC value indicates the frequency control setting The system automatically sets this value to remove frequency errors Values may range from 0 to 1 0
139. ize the standard Sonoma Time Server for special customer requirements If your unit has been modified then this section will describe what those changes are This section is blank 141 Sonoma User Manval SPECIAL MODIFICATIONS This page intentionally left blank 142 Sonoma User Manual EndRun TECHNOLOGIES Smarter Timing Solutions 2270 Northpoint Parkway Santa Rosa CA 95407 TEL 1 877 749 3878 FAX 707 573 8619 www endruntechnologies com
140. ked by large metallic objects closer than one meter Initially upon power up 1 The unit will light the Alarm LED for about 10 seconds 2 Then it will continuously light the Sync LED 3 When the unit has detected a CDMA signal the Sync LED will begin to flash very slowly about a 4 Hz rate 4 As the unit locks onto the CDMA signal and begins to decode the timing data the Sync LED will flash very rapidly about a 6 Hz rate until the data is fully decoded 5 Then the Sync LED will pulse at precisely a 1 Hz rate synchronized to UTC seconds At this point the CDMA Subsystem has fully synchronized and you may proceed to permanently mounting the chassis and antenna in the desired location If this sequence has not occurred within twenty minutes please read Appendix E Installing the CDMA Antenna for details on antenna placement and on switching your Sonoma to search PCS rather than cellular frequencies 7 Sonoma User Manval Installing the Sonoma CHAPTER TWO This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A digital device pursuant to part 15 of the FCC Rules These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference when the equipment is operated in a commercial environment This equipment generates uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and if not installed and used in accordance with the instruc tion manual may cause harmful interference to radio commun
141. kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk The Precision Time Protocol IEEE 1588 V2 configuration has been updated Please re boot now for the changes to take effect kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk Now reboot the system by issuing this command at the shell prompt reboot PTP Status Using the Network or Serial Port The ptpstat0 or ptpstat1 command allows you to query the status of the PTP Subsystem Fol lowing is the response to this command V SI AI P1 P2 DM DOM MODE TTL CLASS SCALE STATE CLKID UTC UTCV 159 161 TT FT Where V 18 the IEEE 1588 version 2 for the 2008 standard SI is the PTP sync interval either 1 1 2 1 4 1 8 1 16 1 32 1 64 or 1 128 seconds AI 18 the PTP announce interval either 1 2 4 8 or 16 seconds is priority 1 in a range from 0 to 255 P2 is the PTP priority 2 in a range from 0 to 255 DM is the PTP delay mechanism either E2E or P2P DOM is the PTP domain in a range from 0 to 255 MODE is the PTP time mode either UTC or PTP TTL is the multicast time to live in a range from 1 to 255 CLASS is the PTP clock class one of SYNCHRONIZED HOLDOVER or UNLOCKED SCALE 15 times
142. le to communicate with the Sonoma From a console window after issuing the command you will see the ntpq exe command prompt ntpq gt Use the command peers to display the NTP peers which your computer is using One of them should be the Sonoma server which you have just configured You should verify that it is being reached You may have to continue issuing the peers command for a minute or two before you will see the reach count incre ment If you have other peers configured verify that the offset information for the Sonoma server peer and your other peers is in agreement to within a few milliseconds assuming that the other peers are synchronized to that level of accuracy It may also be useful to start the NTP daemon in debug mode d to confirm successful con figuration Refer to the NTP documentation for detailed usage of these debug utilities Windows MD5 Authenticated NTP Client Setup MDS authenticated setup is relatively simple if You have been able to successfully communicate with the Sonoma on your network Your Sonoma has been configured to perform authentication either by factory default or by running the ntpcon ig shell script The example Sonoma authentication configuration shown in 27 Sonoma User Manval Configuring the NTP Server above will be assumed in the example configuration commands shown here You have installed NTP on your clien
143. ludes software developed by the Apache Software Foundation http www apache org Alternately this acknowledgment may appear in the software itself if and wherever such third party acknowledgments normally appear 4 The names Apache and Apache Software Foundation must not be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without prior written permission For written permission please contact apache apache org X X X 0 X X 0X X X X X X X 5 Products derived from this software may not be called Apache normay Apache appear in their name without prior written permission of the Apache Software Foundation THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED AS IS AND ANY EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED IN NO EVENT SHALL THE APACHE SOFTWARE FOUNDATION OR TS CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT INDIRECT INCIDENTAL SPECIAL EXEMPLARY OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES LOSS OF USE DATA OR PROFITS OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY WHETHER IN CONTRACT STRICT LIABILITY OR TORT INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE This software consis
144. ly when the Dual Redundant Power Supplies are installed This fault indicates that the sec ondary power supply is not producing an output See Chapter 10 Options Dual Redundant Power Supplies for information on the dual power supplies option 130 Sonoma User Manual Receiver Fault Definitions SYSTEM FAULTS When a fault on the CDMA Receiver occurs the system fault indicator RCVF will show fault and the Alarm LED will light You can see which fault is the problem by using faultstat command Below are details about each fault indicator CDMA Receiver Oscillator DAC DAC This fault indicates that the DAC for the oscillator has reached either the high or low alarm limit while locked to the CDMA signal Unless the unit is being subjected to out of specification environ mental conditions this would indicate that the oscillator frequency has drifted near to the end of life region This should normally only occur after at least ten years of operation The unit will continue to function until the oscillator frequency finally reaches the DAC endpoint The unit should be re turned to the factory for oscillator replacement at your convenience CDMA Signal SIG This fault indicates that the CDMA Receiver has not been able to acquire a CDMA signal for one hour while the Time Figure of Merit has been 9 the unsynchronized condition This could be due to a variety of reasons If there are no other faults that could explain the inability to receiv
145. magnitude of the offset to UTC in units of half hours Non zero only when the Timemode is Local m is the Timemode character and is one of G GPS L Local U UTC CC is the current leap seconds value FF is the future leap seconds which will show a leap second pending 24 hours in advance lt CR gt is the ASCII carriage return character 0x0D lt LF gt is the ASCII line feed character 0x0A NENA Format NENA is the National Emergency Number Association This organization has adopted several ASCII time code formats for use in PSAPs Public Safety Answering Points and they are specified in the NENA PSAP Master Clock Standard Issue 4 These ASCII time code formats are NENA Format 0 NENAO NENA Format 1 NENA1 and NENA Format 8 NENA8 NENAO lt CR gt lt LF gt Q DDD HH MM SS dTZ XX lt CR gt lt LF gt Q is the time quality indicator and may be either lt space gt ASCII space character 0x20 which indicates locked ASCII question mark 0x3F which indicates the unsynchronized condition 18 the space character 0x20 DDD 18 the day of year 001 366 is the colon character 0x3A HH is the hour of the day 00 23 MM is the minute of the hour 00 59 SS is the second of the minute 00 60 d is the DST indicator S I D O TZ XX 15 the time zone where XX is 00 through 23 94 Sonoma User Manual OPTIONS lt CR gt is the ASCII carriage return character Ox0D The first lt CR gt is the on time character lt
146. me Server 3028 X Y YY ZZZ Sonoma N Seres Network Time Server 3029 X Y Y Y 222 Sonoma N Series GPS Network Time Server 3030 X Y Y Y ZZZ Tycho Frequency Reference 3031 X Y Y ZZZ Tycho GPS Frequency Reference 3032 X Y Y Y ZZZ Meridian GDMA Frequency Reference 3033 X Y YY ZZZ Meridian GPS Precision Time Rass Where X represenis power supply aoniigurallon YYY repren enis Iurallonal opilon aonilgurallon IE represceis ausiomerspealila vartaliora CONFORMS TO THE FOLLOWING EUROPEAN DIRECTIVES Low Voltage Directive 2006 95 R amp TTE Directive 1999 5 EC EMC Directive 2004 108 EC RoHS Directive 2011 65 EC WEEE 2012 19 EC Supplementary Information afety EN60950 1 2006 A11 2009 A1 2010 A 12 2011 MC EN55022 2010 EN55024 2010 EN61000 3 2 2006 1 2 EN61000 3 3 2008 VCCI V3 2012 04 AS NZS CISPR 22 2009 A1 FCC Part 15 Subpart B Sections 15 107 and 15 109 Year Mark First Applied 2013 the undersigned hereby declare thatthe equipment specified above conforms to the above Directives and Standards Place SantaRosa CA USA Signature Hp __ Date 4 2 2013 Full Name _David LobSinger Position V P Hardware Engineering 139 Sonoma User Manual APPENDIX H This page intentionally left blank 140 Sonoma User Manual EndRun Ay mw TECHNOLOGIES Special Modifications Changes for Customer Requirements From time to time EndRun Technologies will custom
147. method simplifies configuration of the clients on large networks since specific server addresses need not be configured in each client s etc ntp conf file It can be config ured either with or without MD5 authentication However it is highly recommended that authentica tion be configured when using broadcast multicast mode due to the relative ease with which a fake NTP server can take over the clock setting of the broadcast multicast clients on the network Unix like Platforms Basic NTP Client Setup Basic setup is relatively simple if You have been able to successfully communicate with the Sonoma on your network You have installed NTP on your client computer Configure NTP You must edit the ntp conf file which the NTP daemon looks for by default in the the etc directory Add this line to the ntp conf file server 192 168 1 120 This line tells ntpd to use the NTP server at address 192 168 1 120 in addition to any other servers which might also be configured in the client s ntp conf file Restart ntpd to have it begin using the Sonoma server Use the NTP utility ntpq to check that is able to communicate with the Sonoma After issuing the command ntpq you will see command prompt 21 Sonoma User Manval ntpq gt Use the command peers to display the NTP peers which your computer is using One of them should be the Sonoma server which you have just configured
148. mmand to view the optional outputs on the CPU Module This command will list any connector that has an optional I O signal Connectors are identified as A B or C Use the syste mio command to view the DDS rate Command cpuio Sonoma reply CPU I O C DIRECT DIGITAL SYNTHESIZER OUTPUT is Installed Current Setting See systemio command Command systemio Sonomareply System I O Signal DIRECT DIGITAL SYNTHESIZER OUTPUT Installed Current Setting 0 Hz Use the systemioconfig command to change the DDS rate Command systemioconfig Sonoma reply Interactive script is started so you can change the DDS rate 91 Sonoma User Manval CHAPTER TEN Serial Time Output This option is provided on an RS 232 or RS 422 serial port labeled Serial Time It is an output that provides a once per second sequence of ASCII characters indicating the current time The on time character starts transmitting within the first 20 microseconds of each second The output starts automatically on power up See Appendix H Specifications for details The Serial Time is a system signal This means that there is one Serial Time signal that affects the whole system In other words if your Sonoma has multiple Serial Time outputs and you change the settings then all Serial Time outputs will be affected There are several different formats for this ASCII string The format baud rate and parity can all be changed via the console port Baud rate selec
149. n and view log files but you will not be able to modify any system settings or view secure files After correctly entering the password at this prompt Password the sign on message is shown It identifies the host system as Sonoma CDMA and shows the soft ware part number version and build date Sonoma_N12 CDMA 6010 0065 000 v 1 00 Sat Jan 19 14 17 44 UTC 2013 Sonoma N12 CDMA rootQGhost This last line is the standard Sonoma CDMA prompt After configuring the unit you should change the passwords using the Linux passwd command issued from the prompt To gain root access you must now issue the super user command at the prompt Sonoma N12 CDMA root host gt su root 14 Sonoma User Manval BASIC INSTALLATION You will then be prompted for the password which is endrun_1 and be granted root access to the system To leave super user mode issue the command exit Issuing exit again will close the telnet session Using SSH When establishing a ssh connection with your Sonoma logging in directly as root is permitted When you log in as root via a ssh session with the Sonoma this banner will be displayed kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk Welcome to the Sonoma_N12 CDMA SSH console on host your domain kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk root 192 168 1 120 s password Here you may log in as root with passwor
150. n configured to use key 2 for broadcast authentication as shown in the example in Configuring the NTP Server above make sure that key 2 is included in the trustedkey line and add this line to the end of the ntp conf file broadcastclient 29 Sonoma User Manual If you are not using MD5 authentication you would add these lines disable auth broadcastclient You may remove the line added previously in Windows Basic NTP Client Setup server 192 168 1 120 the authenticated version added in Windows MD5 Authenticated NTP Client Setup server 192 168 1 120 key 1 Configure NTP Client for Multicast You must edit the ntp conf file Assuming that your Sonoma server has been configured to use key 2 for broadcast authentication as shown in the example in Configuring the NTP Server above make sure that key 2 is included in the trustedkey line and add this line to the end of the ntp conf file multicastclient 224 0 1 1 or for IPv6 multicastclient ff05 101 If you are not using MD5 authentication you would add these lines disable auth multicastclient 224 0 1 1 or for IPv6 disable auth multicastclient 05 101 You may remove the line added previously in Windows Basic NTP Client Setup server 192 168 1 120 or the authenticated version added in Windows MD5 Authenticated NTP Client Setup server 192 168 1 120 key 1 Test Broadcast Multicast Restart exe to have it begin using
151. n interactive utility that allows you to modify the settings for optional the system options See Chapter 10 Options CPU Module Options for more information systimemode Prints the time mode settings in effect for any optional Time Code or Serial Time output See the systimemodeconfig command systimemodeconfig Interactive utility that guides you in configuring the time mode settings for any optional Time Code or Serial Time output Allows setting to the LOCAL GPS or UTC timescale See the systimemode command Prints the Linux Subsystem root file system version informa tion updatekernelflag Command to update the flag stored in FLASH that is read by the Linux bootloader at boot time to select operation with either the factory installed or upgraded kernel updaterootflag Command to update the flag stored in FLASH that is read by the Linux bootloader at boot time to select operation with either the factory installed or upgraded root file system upgradekernel Command that performs the Linux Kernel upgrade process Command that performs the CDMA Receiver upgrade process upgraderootfs Command that performs the Linux Root File System upgrade process upgradesubsys Command that performs the CDMA Subsystem firmware update process wrt sw opt Command to enable a software option See Chapter 10 Op tions Software Options for information 72 Sonoma User Manual Detailed Command Descriptions CONTROL AND STATUS COMMANDS
152. n it will create or modify the appropriate files needed to configure the Ethernet interface The following sections will guide you in setting up com munications with the Sonoma using its RS 232 serial I O port Connect the RS 232 Serial 1 0 Port To test serial communications with the Sonoma you will need either a VT100 compatible terminal or a terminal emulation program running on your computer We will refer to either of these as termi nal for the remainder of this instruction 1 Disconnect power from the Sonoma 2 Connect one end of the DB9F to DB9F null modem adapter cable to the serial I O jack on the Sonoma 3 Connect the other end of the DB9F to DB9F null modem adapter cable to the terminal If the serial I O port on your terminal does not have DB9M connector you may need to use an adapter Refer to Appendix H Specifications for details on the signal wiring f you are using a computer for your terminal remember which port you are using because you will need to know that in order to set up your terminal software You must use an RS 232 null modem cable or adapter if you are connecting the Sonoma N12 to another computer The cable included in the shipping kit is a null modem cable If your computer does not have a serial port you can use a USB port with a USB RS232 converter similar to Gearmo GM FTDI 8 First connect the USB converter to your computer then connect the converter to the null modem cable Finally connect the
153. n written to the UPGRADE root file system partition of the Sonoma FLASH disk You may also use it to reset the default back to the FACTORY root file system partition Refer to Appendix B Upgrading the Firmware for detailed instructions for performing the upgrade procedure One argument 15 accepted whose value is either 0 or 1 which causes a flag to be set that indicates to the bootloader which root file system image should be loaded by default If an argument value of 2 is given then the currently configured default root file system is shown Command updaterootflag 1 Sonoma reply Default Root File System now set to UPGRADE Command updaterootflag 2 Sonoma reply Default Root File System UPGRADE updatekernelflag This command allows you to update the configuration of the Linux bootloader after a new kernel image has been written to the UPGRADE kernel partition of the Sonoma FLASH disk You may also use it to reset the default back to the FACTORY kernel partition Refer to Appendix B Upgrad ing the Firmware for detailed instructions for performing the upgrade procedure One argument 15 accepted whose value 15 either 0 or 1 which causes a flag to be set that indicates to the bootloader which kernel image should be loaded by default If an argument value of 2 1s given then the cur rently configured default kernel 1s shown Command updatekernelflag 1 Sonoma reply Default Kernel now set to UPGRADE Command updatekernelflag 2 Sonom
154. nce each second T YYYY DDD HH MM SS zZZ m lt CR gt lt LF gt T is the Time Figure of Merit character described in Appendix A TFOM This is the on time character transmitted during the first millisecond of each second YYYY is the year DDD is the day of year 18 the colon character 0x3A HH is the hour of the day MM 18 the minute of the hour SS 18 the second of the minute 7 is the sign of the offset to UTC implies time is ahead of UTC ZZ is the magnitude of the offset to UTC in units of half hours Non zero only when the Timemode is Local m is the Timemode character and is one of G GPS L Local U UTC lt CR gt is the ASCII carriage return character 0x0D lt LF gt is the ASCII line feed character 0x0A 93 Sonoma User Manual CHAPTER TEN EndRunX Extended Format The EndRunX format is identical to the EndRun format with the addition of two fields the cur rent leap second settings and the future leap second settings The following string is sent once each second T YYYY DDD HH MM SS zZZ m CC FF lt CR gt lt LF gt T 18 the Time Figure of Merit character described in Appendix A TFOM This is the on time character transmitted during the first millisecond of each second YYYY 18 the year DDD Is the day of year 18 the colon character 0x3A HH is the hour of the day MM 18 the minute of the hour SS 18 the second of the minute 7 is the sign of the offset to UTC implies time is ahead of UTC ZZ is the
155. noma User Manual APPENDIX B EndRun Smarter Timing Solutions TECHNOLOGIES Home Plots Receiver Clock vo Faults Network NTP PTP Firmware Sonoma Network Time Server CDMA Synchronized Firmware Status Upgrade from a FTP server Linux RFS Upgrade File Name Linux Kernel Upgrade 6010 0065 000 gz Subsys Upgrade FTP Server Name CDMA Receiver Upgrade TS endruntechnalogies com Reboot FTP Login Name anonymous FTP Login Password fYourPassword 2 If your Sonoma does not have access to the Internet you must first download the appropriate file s from the EndRun Technologies website to the computer that you will be using later to access the Sonoma via its HTTPS interface Use this link to get the file s you want http www endruntechnologies com upgradesonoma htm After saving the file s use the Sonoma HTTPS interface to select one or more for upload to the Sonoma Then follow the remaining prompts from the HTTPS interface to complete the upgrade s You will need to enter root as the user name and enter root s password Upgrade from a local file that was previously downloaded from endruntechnologies com Please wait after pressing Submit This may take about 60 seconds 102 Sonoma User Manual Upgrade via the Console Port UPGRADING THE FIRMWARE In order to upgrade via the console port network or serial you will need to first download the ap propriate
156. not want to use some of the keys in your ntp keys file do not enter them here NTP will treat those keys as untrusted Clients that use any of the trusted keys in their NTP polling packets will receive authenticated replies from the Sonoma_N12 CDMA When you have entered all of the trusted keys that you need enter zero at the next prompt for a key number Enter a trusted key number 1 65534 or 0 to quit Enter a trusted key number 1 65534 or 0 to quit Enter a trusted key number 1 65534 or 0 to quit NTP Broadcast Multicast Configuration Would you like to enable broadcast multicast server operation yles nlo Set the network broadcast multicast address for the Sonoma_N12 CDMA to use For broadcast mode on IPV4 networks this address is the all 1 s address on the sub net Example 111 112 113 255 On IPV6 networks there is more than one way to define a range of multicast addresses Example 05 1 all nodes on the local site Example ff02 1 all nodes on the local link There are specific multicast addresses assigned for NTP Operation For IPV4 multicast operation it is this specific address 224 0 1 1 For IPV6 multicast operation it is this specific site scope address ff05 101 Enter IP address for NTP broadcast multicast operation aaa bbb ccc ddd or aaaa bbbb 224 0 1 1 You have selected multicast operation Enter the TTL value that is needed for multicast pack
157. nsfer the file to your Sonoma using either tp or scp If you are using ftp transfer the previously downloaded file using binary transfer mode from the remote host to this specific file on your Sonoma tmp rootfs gz The root file system image will be named with the software part num ber and version like 6010 0065 000_3 00 27 When following the instructions below substitute the name of the actual root file system image that you are installing for 6010 0065 000 3 00 02 Issue these commands from the console of your Sonoma ftp remote host perform ftp login on remote host bin set transfer mode to binary get 6010 0065 000 3 00 gz tmp rootfs gz transfer the file quit close the ftp session after transfer 103 Sonoma User Manual APPENDIX B If you are using sep you may open a command window on the remote computer and securely transfer the root file system image from the remote computer to your Sonoma A command like this should be used scp p 6010 0065 000 3 00 gz rootGhost your domain tmp rootfs gz Now issue the following command to the Sonoma console to initiate the upload upgraderootfs Next update the default file system partition by issuing this command to your Sonoma console updaterootflag 1 You should see this line displayed Default Root File System now set to UPGRADE Finally reboot the system by issuing this command at the shell prompt reboot Wait about 90 seconds for the system to shutdown and reboot T
158. o successfully perform the CDMA Sub system upgrade you should contact Customer Support at EndRun Technologies Performing the CDMA Receiver Upgrade This section has instructions for upgrading the CDMA Receiver If you want to upgrade the CDMA Subsystem see the section above called Performing the CDMA Subsystem Upgrade First you need to download the CDMA Receiver firmware from the EndRun website to a place on your network which is accessible to the Sonoma The link to the Sonoma upgrade page is shown above You may transfer the file to your Sonoma using either ftp or scp If you are using ftp to perform the upgrade transfer the previously downloaded file using binary transfer mode from the remote host to this specific file on your Sonoma tmp rcvr bin The CDMA Receiver image will be named with the software part number and version like 60 0 0063 000 1 04 bin When following the instruc tions below substitute the name of the actual CDMA Receiver image that you are installing for 6010 0063 000 1 04 bin You will be transferring the file to a temporary file tmp rcvr bin on your Sonoma ftp remote host perform ftp login on remote host bin set transfer mode to binary get 6010 0063 000 1 04 bin tmp rcvr bin transfer the file quit close the ftp session after the transfer If you are using SSH to perform the CDMA Receiver upgrade you may open another command win dow on the remote computer and securely transfer the CDMA Receiver ima
159. oma User Manual APPENDIX H Options See Chapter 10 Options for more information Optional PTP IEEE 1588 specifications are listed above DC Power Input 12 VDC 10 20 VDC 6 0A maximum 24 VDC 19 36 VDC 3 0A maximum 48 VDC 37 76 VDC 2 0A maximum 125 VDC 70 160 VDC 1 0A maximum 3 position terminal block on rear panel DC IN SAFETY GROUND DC IN Floating power input Either or can be connected to earth ground See Chapter 10 Options DC Power Input for more information Dual Redundant Power Supplies Any combination of Universal AC and or DC supplies See Chapter 10 Options Dual Redundant Power Supplies for more information 1 PPS Output Positive TTL pulse 500 or RS 422 levels Width User selectable to 20 us 1 ms 100 ms 500 ms Accuracy 10 microseconds to UTC when locked typical Stability TDEV 50 ns x 10 seconds Connector TTL Rear panel BNC jack labeled 1PPS Connector RS 422 Rear panel DB 9M connector labeled 1PPS RS 422 Pinout RS 422 Pin 3 15 signal Pin 6 is signal Pin 5 is GND Note To change the pulse width refer to Chapter 10 Options AM Code Output 1 Vrms 500 1 KHz carrier Signal Amplitude modulated AM 3 1 ratio Format User selectable to IRIG B 120 IEEE 1344 122 123 NASA 36 2137 Connector Rear panel BNC jack labeled AMCODE Note change the time code format refer to Chapter 10 Options DC Code Output
160. or more information Network IPv4 Page This page shows the IPv4 network configuration Fields are IPv4 Network Status DHCP By default the Sonoma will configure itself using the Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol DHCP If you need to set up static IP configuration you must use the netconfig command via the console port Thie field will show whether DHCP is enabled or disabled Address Gateway These fields show the settings for the IP address gateway and netmaks Netmask To change these esttings use the netconfig command via the console port Network IPv6 Page This page shows information related to the IPv6 network parameters For more information on IPv6 see Chapter 8 IPv6 Information Network DNS Page This page shows the IP addresses of the primary and secondary domain name servers Network MAC Address Page This page shows the media access control MAC address for both Ethernet ports etho and etn1 NTP Page The NTP Status page shows all information related to NTP operation Fields are NTP Status Status The stratum field has several possible values Stratum 1 The server 18 fully synchronized and accurate Stratum 2 The server is synchronized to a Stratum 1 server Stratum x The server is synchronized to a Stratum x 1 server Stratum 16 The server is unsynchronized NTP clients will not use a Stratum 16 server Source This field will show the source of time which is usually CDMA If the Sonoma 18 con
161. or when serious hardware faults are detected For a detailed description of the faults see Ap pendix G System Faults Care should be taken not to directly connect this open collector output to a voltage source A series current limiting resistor of at least 1K ohms in value should be used The pull up voltage must not exceed 40V The Alarm Output connector can be either a BNC or a terminal block For more details see Appendix H Specifications View the Alarm Output Connector Use the cpuio command to view the optional outputs on the CPU Module This command will list any connector that has an optional I O signal Connectors are identified as A B or C Command cpuio Sonomareply CPU I O C OPEN COLLECTOR ALARM OUTPUT is Installed Direct Digital Synthesizer DDS The DDS Option provides user selectable pulse rates from 1 Hz to 10 MHz programmable in 1 PPS steps including 1 544 MPPS or 2 048 MPPS The selected pulse rate is phase locked to the system oscil lator and is not aligned with system time The DDS is a system signal This means that there is one DDS signal that affects the whole system In other words if your Sonoma has multiple DDS outputs and you change the pulse rate then all DDS outputs will be affected The pulse rate is 0 Hz when shipped from the factory but can be changed see below For details on the DDS signal definition see Appendix H Specifications View and Change the DDS Configuration Use the cpuio co
162. orts that provide NTP and optionally This is called the Linux NTP Subsystem The drawing below shows Sonoma s time synchronization components CDMA Subsystem Receiver Processor DAC CDMA Receiver Module Receiver m Oscillator 1PPS CDMA Subsystem Processor Oscillator System Linux NTPSubsystem PTP optional Sonoma User Manual CDMA Timing How It Works CHAPTER ONE The CDMA Subsystem in the Sonoma receives transmissions from base stations also known as cell sites that are operating in compliance with the TIA EIA IS 95 standard for Code Division Multiple Access CDMA mobile telecommunications This system requires a means of synchronizing the base stations throughout the network so that neighboring cells do not interfere with each other and so that calls can be efficiently transferred between the base stations without interruption as the mobile user traverses the cell coverage areas This soft hand off feature means that the mobile telephone must be able to hitlessly drop one base station and pick up the next one To do this the telephone must be able to calculate the relative difference in time between the codes that modulate the signals from each of the base stations which again requires that the base stations be synchronized The system designers chose the Global Positioning System GPS which
163. other system and a licensee cannot impose that choice This section is intended to make thoroughly clear what is believed to be a consequence of the rest of this License 8 If the distribution and or use of the Program is restricted in certain countries either by patents or by copyrighted interfaces the original copyright holder who places the Program under this License may add an explicit geographical distribution limitation excluding those countries so that distribution is permitted only in or among countries not thus excluded In such case this License incorporates the limitation as if written in the body of this License 9 The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and or new versions of the General Public License from time to time Such new versions will be similar in spirit to the present version but may differ in detail to address new problems or concerns Each version is given a distinguishing version number If the Program specifies a version number of this License which applies to it and any later version you have the option of following the terms and conditions either of that version or of any later version published by the Free Software Founda tion If the Program does not specify a version number of this License you may choose any version ever published by the Free Software Foundation 10 If you wish to incorporate parts of the Program into other free programs whose distribution condi tions are different write to t
164. over PTP clock lt 2 5 milliseconds 10ms Clock is synchronized or in holdover PTP clock lt 10 milliseconds Unknown Clock is unsynchronized 9 The PTP Leap 59 second indicator is either TRUE or FALSE The Leap 59 is TRUE if the PTP Tim escale is PTP and the last minute of the current UTC day contains 59 seconds otherwise it is FALSE The PTP Leap 61 second indicator is either TRUE or FALSE The Leap 61 is TRUE if the PTP Tim escale is PTP and the last minute of the current UTC day contains 61 seconds otherwise it is FALSE The PTP Time Traceable indicator is either TRUE or FALSE The Time Traceable is TRUE if the Time Scale is PTP and the Clock Class is Synchronized or Holdover otherwise it is FALSE The PTP Frequency Traceable indicator is either TRUE or FALSE The Frequency Traceable is TRUE if the Time Traceable is TRUE otherwise it is FALSE 38 Sonoma User Manual About the PTP Second and UTC Time Multiport PTP Disable the PTP Protocol PTP IEEE 1588 The PTP Time Mode selections are PTP and UTC The IEEE 1588 standard defines the PTP epoch beginning at 0 hours on 1 January 1970 The time measured since this epoch is designated in the standard as PTP seconds The PTP second is monotonic so does not include leap seconds Unlike PTP the UTC second is not monotonic that 1s from time to time there will be leap second insertions The last second of a leap insertion day is 23 59 60 making the day one second longer
165. overage the unit can be set to receive the PCS signals In general if your CDMA telephone works where you plan to install the Sonoma then your Sonoma will work properly there Because the Sonoma has been designed to operate in conjunction with existing public domain NTP SNTP client software that has been created for use with similar time servers it may be used in any computer network environment that is using TCP IP protocols Although client software is available for all platforms for the most precise applications the Unix like operating systems are best sup ported The Sonoma has been designed to operate in conjunction with existing public domain NTP SNTP cli ent software and may be used in any network environment that is using TCP IP protocols Although client software is available for all platforms for the most precise applications the Unix like operating systems are best supported For more information see Chapter 3 NTP Setting Up NTP Clients on Unix like Platforms and Setting Up NTP Clients on Windows There is additional information about NTP Client software at this link http www endruntechnologies com ntp client htm For PTP IEEE 1588 applications the Sonoma can interoperate with a variety of Slave software and hardware For more information on PTP Slave Software go to this link http www endruntechnologies com ptp slave htm 3 Sonoma User Manual CHAPTER ONE This page intentionally left blank 4 Sonoma User Manual
166. per 2 seconds on the even second and Inverted 1PPS falling edge on time For details on signal definition see Appendix H Specifications View and Change the PPO Configuration Use the cpuio command to view the optional outputs on the CPU Module This command will list any connector that has an optional I O signal Connectors are identified as A B or C To change the PPO selection use the cpuioconfig command Command cpuio Sonoma reply PROGRAMMABLE PULSE OUTPUT is Installed Current Setting OFF Command cpuioconfig Sonoma reply Interactive script is started so you can change the pulse rate TIPPS Output This output provides IPPS signal There are several variations of the 1PPS Output signal such as TTL 1PPS RS 422 and Inverted IPPS The Programmable Pulse Output also has a 1PPS selection The 1PPS is a system signal This means that there is one IPPS signal that affects the whole sys tem In other words if your Sonoma has multiple 1PPS outputs and you change the pulse width then all IPPS outputs will be affected The pulse width is normally 1 millisecond wide when shipped from the factory but can be changed see below For details on the 1PPS signal definition see Appendix Specifications View and Change the 1PPS Configuration Use the cpuio command to view the optional outputs on the CPU Module This command will list any connector that has an optional I O signal Connectors are identified as A
167. port 0 eth0 or port 1 eth1 The table below shows the currently defined bits Pons sie sis BRO Port 1 Port 0 eth1 ethO Standard rear panel configuration for the CPU Module is the Antenna input the RS 232 connector and two Ethernet connectors Refer to Chapter 2 Basic Installation Sonoma Physical Description for more information on the basic Sonoma rear panel In addition to the standard connectors the CPU Module can be configured with optional outputs Some of these optional outputs are a Programmable Pulse Output a DDS Output an Alarm Output various pulse rates at RS 422 levels and a second RS 232 serial port with a Serial Time Output See sample CPU Module configurations below 5 ETH1 onc 00 0E FE 01 01 D1 00 0E FE 01 01 D0 00000 6 4 WZ 0000 A RS 232 D ANTENNA cpu yo C SERIALTIME T RCVR CPU 5 ETH1 0016 00 0E FE 01 01 D1 00 0E FE 01 01 DO 88 Sonoma User Manval OPTIONS Programmable Pulse Output PPO The PPO Option provides user selectable on time pulse rates from 1 PPS to 10 MPPS Other selec tions are IPP60S pulse per 60 seconds on the minute 1PP2S pulse
168. reply Upgrade progress is shown upgradesubsys This utility allows you to upgrade the CDMA Subsystem firmware Prior to executing this com mand you must copy the binary firmware file to be uploaded to the CDMA Subsystem to tmp subsys bin It issues the commands over the serial port to the CDMA Subsystem that are needed to start the X modem file transfer and then displays progress to the console See Performing the CDMA Subsys tem Upgrade in Appendix B Upgrading the Firmware for more information Command upgradesubsys Sonoma reply Upgrade progress is shown wrt sw opt See Chapter 10 Options Software Options for information on this command 86 Sonoma User Manual EndRun C VAN TECHNOLOGIES Software Options Chapter 727 Options Your Sonoma supports many input output I O options Several outputs via the CPU Module are available in addition to various power supply input options Status and user settings for the output signals can be easily viewed and modified via the console port Methods to do this are described in this chapter Refer to Chapter 4 1588 for details on the Precision Time Protocol Refer to Appendix H Specifications for details on signals connector types pinouts etc An example of a software option is the Precision Time Protocol which is described in detail in Chap ter 4 PTP IEEE 1588 This section is about enabling software options in general using the Option in th
169. rge metallic objects closer than one meter Although the antenna should normally be installed in a vertical orientation usually multipath conditions due to signal reflections indoors cause at least some of the signal to be horizontally polarized so do not be surprised if you find that the unit will work with the antenna oriented either way Multipath conditions can also cause another effect signal cancellation Since the wavelength of the signal is only about thirty centimeters movement of the antenna just a few centimeters can sometimes cause significant signal strength changes Antenna Cable Connection Locate end of antenna cable with connector Connect this end to the in line amplifier end marked input Connect extension cable 1 foot to 100 feet long between in line amplifier end marked output to the CDMA receiver unit IMPORTANT Observe in line amplifier connection orientation as illustrated below IN from antenna gt OUT to receiver Connect end marked Connect end marked OUT to IN to antenna cable to instrument 5050 0005 000 27Apr2007 FIGURE 1A CDMA ANTENNA MOUNTING GUIDELINES WITH PREAMPLIFIER 125 Sonoma User Manual APPENDIX E 5 CDMA Antenna CLna In line amplifier PN 3011 0001 000 Connect end marked IN to antenna Connect to Ant In on instrument 1 ft to 100 ft Extension Cable 5050 0005 000 27Apr2007 FIGURE 1B CDMA ANTENNA MOUNTING GUIDELINES WITH PR
170. roadcast Multicast NTP Client 29 Configure NTP 29 Configure NTP Client for Multicast 30 Test Broadcast Multicast cs 3 2 he re eae aur ey ree S RET See 30 Sonoma User Manual Chapter Four Precision Time Protocol 1588 33 MD E ocean 33 About Satire ees Sahat sd todo xri E 33 Two Gigabit Ports a coa Pare bebe b tb te Anarene B pbi dada pes 34 Configuration and 34 Configuration Using the Network Serial Port 2 cece cece cece eee eee ene 34 Status Using the Network Serial Port 36 PUP Operation dorsi pho etd Mo deba Leo tach let 37 About the Second and 39 dA m 39 ET 39 MONDO PUP ie od rion 39 Disable the PTP Protocol 22 as aceto ra ee abc etd Peta Ge e eds 39 To disable the Precision Time Protocol on Port 0 issue the following command 39 ls the Protocol Disabled 2 cee ence ee E ee ence ee ee eee eee 40 set ata ua ded 40 Chapter Five
171. root host gt route Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface default 192 168 1 1 0 0 0 0 UG 1 0 0 etho loopback 255 0 0 0 U 0 0 0 1o localnet 255 255 255 0 U 0 0 0 etho 192 168 5 0 255 255 255 0 U 0 0 0 eth1 Here you are interested in the default gateway address It should match the appropriate one for your network If so then the Ethernet interface of your Sonoma has been successfully configured to oper ate on your network and you are ready to check operation of the Sonoma over the network If not you should recheck your configuration and or repeat the netcon ig procedure If you have configured a nameserver s for your network you may check that by issuing this com mand Sonoma N12 CDMA rootQGhost cat etc resolv conf search your domain nameserver 192 168 1 1 nameserver 192 168 1 2 13 Sonoma User Manual CHAPTER TWO Which displays the contents of the etc resolv conf file containing the domain name you entered previ ously using netconfig and the nameserver IP address es to use for that domain Check Network Operation With your Sonoma network parameters properly configured you are ready to test the setup using ping from a server or workstation that is able to access the network connected to the Sonoma ternatively you could ping one of your servers or workstations from the Sonoma prompt to test the setup Once you have successfully established network communic
172. rrent and future leap second values See the cdmaleapconfig command Prints the CDMA Subsystem status information to the console cdmaversion Prints the CDMA Subsystem firmware and FPGA version information Returns the current settings for any installed user selectable optional CPU Module options See Chapter 10 Options CPU Module Options for more information cpuioconfig An interactive utility that allows you to modify the settings optional for the CPU Module options See Chapter 10 Options CPU Module Options for more information cpustat Prints the current Linux CPU core temperature system load as percent of maximum and free memory available faultstat Prints the summary of all system fault states in a user friendly format get_sw_opts Returns the current software options enabled in your Sonoma See Chapter 10 Options Software Options for more informa tion help Prints help list for all Sonoma specific not Linux commands help command Prints command specific help For example help cdmastat inetdconfig Interactive script that allows you to configure the list of pro tocol servers which are started by the inetd server daemon running in the Sonoma Prints the Linux operating system kernel version netconfig Interactive script that allows you to configure the IP network subsystem of the Sonoma 70 Sonoma User Manual CONTROL AND STATUS COMMANDS ntpconfig Interactive script that guides you in
173. rsion 3 2 2 Slackware Linux Distribution 13 1 Processor 1 2 GHz RAM 512M FLASH 512M 133 Sonoma User Manual APPENDIX H Supported IPv4 Protocols SNTP NTP v2 v3 v4 and broadcast multicast mode MDS authentication and autokey SSH client and server with secure copy utility SCP SNMP v1 v2c v3 with Enterprise MIB TIME and DAYTIME server TELNET client server FTP client DHCP client SYSLOG HTTPS PTP IEEE 1588 Option Supported IPv6 Protocols SNTP NTP v2 v3 v4 and broadcast multicast mode MDS authentication and autokey SSH client and server with secure copy utility SCP SNMP v1 v2c v3 with Enterprise MIB TIME and DAYTIME server HTTPS Note See Chapter 8 IPv6 Information for more details PTP IEEE 1588 Grandmaster Option TEEE 1588 2008 V2 Parameters Default Profile Multicast Two Step Clock PTP Timestamp Resolution 8 nanoseconds PTP Timestamp Accuracy to Reference Clock 8 nanoseconds Note See Chapter 4 PTP IEEE 1588 for more information Network I O Two rear panel RJ 45 jacks 10 100 1000Base T Ethernet Two LEDs on each port indicate speed and activity Amber LED indicates activity Green LED indicates speed 1 pulse 10M 2 pulses 100M 3 pulses 1G System Status LEDs Sync LED Amber LED pulses to indicate CDMA acquisition and lock status Alarm LED Red LED indicates a fault condition Serial Port I O Signal I O port at RS 232 levels for secure local t
174. s fully locked to a signal then the Sync LED will pulse at precisely a one sec ond rate synchronized to UTC seconds If your Sonoma does not lock within 20 minutes then you should move the antenna or change its orientation as described below Moving the Antenna Although the antenna should normally be installed in a vertical orientation usually multipath condi tions due to signal reflections indoors cause at least some of the signal to be horizontally polarized so do not be surprised if you find that the unit will work with the antenna oriented either way Multipath conditions can also cause another effect signal cancellation Since the wavelength of the signal is only about 12 to 30 centimeters movement of the antenna just a few centimeters can some times cause significant signal strength changes 123 Sonoma User Manual APPENDIX E Changing the Channelset If you are still unable to find an antenna location where the unit will acquire the CDMA signals you may not have cellular coverage in your area or the cellular signals might be too weak in your facility Use setcdmachannelset command to change your Sonoma to search PCS rather than cellular frequencies If you are in Japan India or Korea you will not be able to do this Use the cdmach annelset command to view the current setting For more details on these commands see Chapter 9 Console Port Control and Status Type this at the console setcdmachannelset NAP NAP
175. s to deter spoofing of NTP clients by rogue NTP servers This chapter describes these security measures and gives the advanced network administrator information that will allow custom configuration to fit specific security needs IMPORTANT SSH Telnet SNMP and HTTP are all enabled with default passwords To ensure security change the pass words or disable the protocols To change the passwords for SSH Telnet and HTTP use the passwd com mand To change the passwords community strings for SNMP see Chapter 6 SNMP By default all hosts are allowed access via SSH Telnet and SNMP To restrict access via these protocols to specific hosts see Restrict Access Telnet SSH and SNMP below All hosts are allowed access via HTTP as well To restrict access via HTTP see Restrict Access HTTP below To completely disable any or all of these protocols see Disable Protocols below The Linux operating system versions are shown in Appendix H Specifications Linux supports a complete set of security provisions e System passwords are kept in an encrypted file etc shadow which is not accessible by users other than root 4l Sonoma User Manual Restrict Access CHAPTER FIVE e Direct root logins are only permitted on the local RS 232 console or via SSH e The secure copy utility sep eliminates the need to use the insecure FTP protocol for transferring program updates to the Sonoma e HTTP access for system monitoring only is allowed only v
176. ser Manval CHAPTER TWO kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk Ae Sonoma N12 CDMA IPV4 IPV6 Network Configuration dxx de kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk This script will configure the TCP IPV4 IPV6 network parameters for your Sonoma N12 CDMA We will first configure IPV4 and then IPV6 Your Sonoma N12 CDMA has two ethernet interfaces called eth0 and eth1 For each of IPV4 and IPV6 we will first configure eth0 and then eth1 You can choose to keep the existing configuration of either interface and reconfigure the other You can also choose to unconfigure either of the two interfaces if both are not needed in your application You will be able to reconfigure your system at any time by typing netconfig The settings you make now will not take effect until you reboot your Sonoma N12 CDMA so if you make a mistake just re run this script before rebooting OH You will be prompted to enter your IPV4 IPV6 network parameters now kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk Configure IPV4 for either eth0 or eth1 Answer yes to continue on and reconfigure either eth0 or eth1 for IPV4 Answer no to unconfigure both eth0
177. spects of the agent s operation are also configurable in this file but you should not need to modify those To use the SNMPv3 capabilities of the Sonoma you must first set up user information and access limits for those users in etc snmpd conf Uncom ment and edit these two lines to define your v3 users and their access parameters rwuser root priv 1 rouser ntpuser auth 1 3 6 1 4 1 13827 The first line defines a SNMPv3 read write user root whose minimum security level will be authenti cated and encrypted for privacy choices are noauth auth and priv and who will have read write ac cess to the entire iso 1 branch of the SMI object tree The second line defines SNMPv3 read only user ntpuser whose minimum security level will be authenticated but not encrypted and who will have read only access to the entire iso org 3 dod 6 internet 1 private 4 enterprises 1 endRun TechnologiesMIB 13827 branch of the SMI object tree After adding the user lines to etc snmpd conf copy it to the boot etc directory using p The second file is located on the non volatile FLASH disk and is used by the SNMP agent to store persistent data that may be dynamic in nature This may include the values of the MIB II variables sysLocation sysContact and sysName as well as any configured SNMPv3 user crypto keys In order to use SNMPv3 you must configure user keys in this file for each SNMPv3 user that you have set up in etc snmpd conf To do this
178. stamp of the most recent update received from the CDMA Subsystem HH MM SS is the hour minute and second of the UTC timestamp of the most recent update received from the CDMA Subsystem S sssssssss is the offset in seconds between the NTP system clock and the CDMA Subsystem clock Positive implies that the system clock is ahead of the CDMA Subsystem clock RCVDCNT is a count of the number of NTP packets received since startup of the NTP daemon This is a 32 bit counter so it will wrap back to zero after 4 294 967 295 packets SENTCNT is a count of the number of NTP packets sent since startup of the NTP daemon This is a 32 bit counter so it will wrap back to zero after 4 294 967 295 packets SENT sec is the current rate of NTP packets being sent per second DROPCNT is a count of the number of NTP packets dropped since startup of the NTP daemon This is a 32 bit counter so it will wrap back to zero after 4 294 967 295 packets Below is an example of a typical response to this command Command ntpstat Sonoma reply 20130117 00 02 40 0 000000051 129127988 129015079 1594 4 5 15 oscciristat This command displays the current values of the system oscillator control parameters These param eters are related to the disciplined system oscillator The command formats the data and prints this fixed length string having these fields YYYYMMDD HH MM SS LKSTAT COAST ESTERR MEASERR TIMEDEV AGERATE TAU EFCDAC TEMP Where YYYY 18 the ye
179. stem from the NTP reference clock driver DOY 18 the day of year of the UTC timestamp of most recent NTP polling request received by the CDMA subsytem from the NTP reference clock driver HH MM SS Is the hour minute second UTC timestamp of the most recent NTP polling request received by the CDMA Subsystem from the NTP daemon reference clock driver LS Is the current number of leap seconds difference between the UTC and GPS timescales 16 at the time of this writing LF 18 the future at the next UTC midnight number of leap seconds difference between the UTC and GPS timescales 16 at the time of this writing S 18 the signal processor state one of 0 Acquiring 1 Code Locking 2 Locked 9 Warming Up C is the CDMA frequency channel being used for example NAP 01 A which is North American PCS Provider A Channel 1 PNO 18 the base station pseudonoise offset 0 to 511 in units of 64 pseudonoise code chips AGC 18 the automatic gain control DAC byte 0 to 255 with larger numbers implying higher RF gain Typical range is 150 to 220 74 Sonoma User Manual CONTROL AND STATUS COMMANDS VCDAC _ is the upper 16 bits of the TCXO voltage control DAC word 0 to 65535 with larger numbers implying higher TCXO frequency Typical range is 20000 to 38000 This is the oscillator on the CDMA Receiver EFCDAC is the system oscillator Electronic Frequency Control 20 bit DAC value 0 to 1048575 with larger numbers implying higher oscillator
180. stop the snmpa process delete the existing usmusez key lines from the file boot net snmp snmpd conf and then add new cxeateusex lines Then reboot the system This example gives the simplest configuration to begin using SNMPv3 but doesn t make use of the full capabilities of the VACM in defining groups and views for fine grained access control The fac tory default etc snmpd conf file contains commented blocks of lines that can be uncommented to give you a basic configuration that uses the User based Security Model USM described in RFC 2274 and the View based Access Control Model VACM described in RFC 2275 The comments included in the file should help you in modifying it for your specific requirements To disable SNMP see Chapter 5 Security Disable SNMP SSH and HTTPS To restrict access to specific hosts see Chapter 5 Security Restrict Access Telnet SSH and SNMP LLL Sonoma User Manual CHAPTER SIX This page intentionally left blank 54 Sonoma User Manual EndRun C AA TECHNOLOGIES Chapter Seven Hyper Text Transport Protocol Secure HTTPS This chapter briefly describes the HTTPS interface that resides on the Sonoma CDMA Time Server The HTTPS interface to the Sonoma is a fast and easy to use graphical interface that is compatible with your standard web browser Simply point your browser to the IP address of the Sonoma and log in securely with HTTP over the Secure Socket Layer SSL Security conscious customers may
181. t time Eventually when it has drifted 10 milliseconds it reach the unlocked condition and stop serving time on your network If you have Sonoma configured for Stratum 2 operation then it will continue serving time using another Time Server as its reference If Sonoma is later able to acquire lock on the CDMA signal again it will switch back to Stratum 1 operation 2 When you want your Sonoma to serve accurate time but you don t want to use the antenna for some reason In this case Sonoma can operate solely as a Stratum 2 server with no antenna con nected Since there are innumerable ways to configure your network with Stratum 2 servers specific insruc tions for how to do that are beyond the scope of this manual General instructions on how to edit the ntp conf file are below Edit ntp conf File You must edit the ntp conf file in order to point your Stratum 2 server at a Stratum 1 server Edit etc ntp conf and add your server line s See Appendix C Helpful Linux Information for information on a simple editor Here is an example server 192 168 1 1 Or if you have set up a domain name server via netconfig here is another example server your timeserver com IMPORTANT Do not remove the server lines for the refclock Even if your Time Server is not connected to an antenna the refdock server lines must remain Now save the edited file and copy it to the non volatile flash partition with this command Cp p etc ntp
182. t computer You have successfully performed the Windows Basic NTP Client Setup on your client computer Create the ntp keys File You must create a file named ntp keys in the program files ntp etc directory for example It must be a copy of the one residing in the directory of your Sonoma You can telnet into your So noma and start an tp session with your client computer to send the Sonoma etc ntp keys file to your client computer or use the secure copy utility scp or use a text editor to create the equivalent file Although you should first test your setup using the factory default etc ntp keys file in your Sonoma server you should create your own keys after you understand the process and have your clients oper ating correctly with the default file IMPORTANT Handling of the Wrogram files ntp keys file is the weak link in the MD5 authentication scheme It is very important that it is owned by administrator and not readable by anyone other than administrator After transferring the file make sure that its security properties are set such that it is readable only by the administrator Configure NTP Add these lines to the end of the ntp conf file but substitute your particular directory path for the one shown program files ntp etc keys program files ntp etc ntp keys trustedkey 1 2 Modify the line added previously in Windows Basic NTP Client Setup so that authentication will be used with th
183. t shows FAULT then go to the Faults Page to see which particular fault is the problem CPU Statistics CPU temperature free memory and load average are all shown Home User Manval This link provides access to the Sonoma User Manual that is resident in the FLASH memory The most recent version of the User Manual is on the EndRun website at http www endruntechnologies com pdf USM3028 0000 000 pdf Home Logout Clicking on this link will immediately log you out of the Sonoma HTTPS Interface 58 Sonoma User Manual HTTPS INTERFACE Plots Page Information available on this page are performance statistics related to NTP Links on the right give access to the daily plot files going back up to 10 years Links on the left give access to performance statistics for CPU and Oscillator A sample data plot is shown below EndRun Smarter Timing Solutions TECHNOLOGIES Home Plots Receiver Clock 1 0 Faults Network NTP PTP Firmware Sonoma Network Time Server CDMA Synchronized ntpstat_20130303 20130310 png NTP Plots OSC Plots tem NTP Daemon Stats Plot Directories CPU Plots af Week_20121209 Week_20121216 Week_20121223 Week_20121230 Week_20130106 Week_20130113 Week_20130120 Week_20130203 Week_20130210 Week_20130217 Week_20130224 Week_20130303 e Sent NIP Packets Second 2 NTP Offset to Receiver Subsystem E Sent NIP Packets Plot Files Date U TC Ther
184. tall terminal block cover after wiring Dual Redundant Power Supplies Any combination of Universal AC and or DC supplies is available Primary and secondary power supplies are connected in a dual redundant configuration with hitless automatic primary to secondary and secondary to primary switchover A fault detector monitors the status of each redundant power supply When a fault is detected it will trigger a system alarm When Sonoma is configured with Dual Power Supplies an alarm will show if the primary or secondary supply does not have power connected Masking Dual Power Supply Fault Alarms You can mask the Primary and Secondary Faults to prevent them from causing a system alarm Masking a fault will prevent it from causing the Alarm LED and Alarm Output if any from going active Masking a fault will NOT prevent it from showing in the cdmastat command To mask the fault you can use the console commands pwr ltmask and setpwrfltmask Param eters are either Masked or Enabled Setting this command to Masked will prevent a power supply fault from creating an alarm condition The factory default setting is Enabled Command pwrfltmask Sonoma reply Primary Power Input Fault Alarm is MASKED Secondary Power Input Fault Alarm is ENABLED Command setpwrfltmask MASKED MASKED Sonoma reply Primary Power Input Fault Alarm Mask set to MASKED Secondary Power Input Fault Alarm Mask set to MASKED 97 Sonoma User Manual CHAPTER TEN This pa
185. te the Program except as expressly provided un der this License Any attempt otherwise to copy modify sublicense or distribute the Program is void and will automatically terminate your rights under this License However parties who have received copies or rights from you under this License will not have their licenses terminated so long as such parties remain in full compliance 5 You are not required to accept this License since you have not signed it However nothing else grants you permission to modify or distribute the Program or its derivative works These actions are prohibited by law if you do not accept this License Therefore by modifying or distributing the Pro gram or any work based on the Program you indicate your acceptance of this License to do so and all its terms and conditions for copying distributing or modifying the Program or works based on it 6 Each time you redistribute the Program or any work based on the Program the recipient automat ically receives a license from the original licensor to copy distribute or modify the Program subject to these terms and conditions You may not impose any further restrictions on the recipients exercise of the rights granted herein You are not responsible for enforcing compliance by third parties to this License 7 If as a consequence of a court judgment or allegation of patent infringement or for any other reason not limited to patent issues conditions are imposed on
186. tem clock and the CDMA Subsystem clock Positive implies that the system clock is ahead of the CDMA Subsystem LI is the NTP daemon leap indicator bits Leap seconds occur every 2 3 years Possible indicator values are 00 Normal locked operation 01 Leap second insertion event will occur at UTC midnight 10 Leap second deletion event will occur at UTC midnight 11 Fault Unsynchronized state TFOM is a value between 6 and 9 and indicates clock accuracy A detailed explanation of TFOM is in Appendix A TFOM YEAR Is the year of the UTC timestamp of the most recent update received from the CDMA Subsystem 83 Sonoma User Manual CHAPTER NINE DOY is the day of year of the UTC timestamp of the most recent update received from the Subsystem HH MM SS is the hour minute and second ot the UTC timestamp of the most recent update received from the CDMA Subsystem LS is the current number of leap seconds difference between the UTC and GPS timescales 16 at the time of this writing Below is an example of a typical response to this command Command sysstat Sonoma reply LOCKED TO CDMA Offset 0 000000171 LI 00 6 2013 35 21 39 20 16 systemio Optional See Chapter 10 Options CPU Module Options for information on this command systemioconfig Optional See Chapter 10 Options CPU Module Options for information on this command systimemode This command displays the current time mod
187. terval is not user configurable It is set to 32 seconds The PTP Priority 1 is user configured in a range from 0 to 255 The PTP Priority 2 is user configured in a range from 0 to 255 If using a single Grandmaster keep the default setting of 128 for Priority 1 and Priority 2 If using two redundant Grandmasters then you can configure the preferred clock by setting Priority 1 to 127 and Prior ity 2 to 128 The Delay Mechanism is user configured to either 2 or P2P E2E uses the delay request re sponse mechanism and P2P uses the peer delay mechanism The PTP Domain is user configured in a range from 0 to 255 The PTP Time Mode is user configured to either UTC or PTP When UTC Time mode is configured the clock transmits the UTC epoch and sets the PTP Scale to ARB When the Time mode is PTP the 37 Sonoma User Manual CHAPTER FOUR clock transmits the PTP epoch TAI and sets the Scale to PTP See About the Second and UTC Time at the end of this chapter for more information The PTP Multicast TTL is user configured in a range from 1 to 255 For a local area network the TTL should be configured to 1 PTP Clock Class one of SYNCHRONIZED HOLDOVER or UNLOCKED The Clock Class is SYNCHRONIZED when the CDMA Subsystem TFOM level is at 6 see Appendix A TFOM The Clock Class is HOLDOVER when the CDMA Subsystem TFOM level is greater than 6 and less than 9 The Clock Class is UNLOCKED when the CDMA Subsystem TFOM lev
188. the actual name or IP address of your remote syslog server for remote host The most common log file to be directed to the Syslog Server is the messages log file which contains authenticated user login activity If you would like to only redirect this log info to the remote host insert this line instead of the one above messages log QGremote host Exit and save the syslog conf file 2 Now you need to copy the syslog conf file into a location that will ensure your changes persist through a system reset Copy etc syslog conf to boot etc syslog conf as shown cp etc syslog conf boot etc syslog conf 114 Sonoma User Manval GNU General Public License EndRun ANE TECHNOLOGIES Appendix D Third Party Software The Sonoma is running several different software products created and or maintained by open source projects Open source software comes with its own license These are printed out for your informa tion below The license for the GNU software project requires that we provide you with a copy of all source code covered under the GNU Public License GPL at your request Please contact us with your request and we will mail it to you on a CD We will charge you a fee for our incurred expenses as allowed for in the license GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE Version 2 June 1991 Copyright C 1989 1991 Free Software Foundation Inc 5 Franklin Street Fifth Floor Boston MA 02110 1301 USA Everyone is permitted to copy
189. the broadcast address Configuring NTP Using the Network Interface or Serial Port The following shows the question and answer configuration utility called ntpconfig The user entered responses are shown in a larger font size Sonoma_N12 CDMA root Sonoma_N12 gt ntpconfig 17 Sonoma User Manual kk SSC Network Time Protocol Configuration 4 4 TEA ok ke This script will allow you to configure the ntp conf and ntp keys files that control Sonoma N12 CDMA NTP daemon operation 2 You will be able to create new MD5 authentication keys which are stored ad in the ntp keys file You will be able to update the authentication related commands in the ntp conf file You will be able to configure the broadcast mode of operation with or without authentication If you supply the multicast address instead of your network broadcast address then you will be able to configure the time to live of the multicast packets The changes you make now will not take effect until you re boot the Sonoma N12 CDMA If you make a mistake just re run ntpconfig prior to re booting
190. tically via the Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol DHCP The Sonoma will attempt to set the netmask its IP address the IP address of the default gateway the domain name and the IP addresses of any nameservers if the DHCP server is configured to provide them You may optionally configure the Sonoma to also set its hostname via DHCP if your DHCP server is configured to provide it You can do this by running a simple script called netconfig after your unit is up on the network Sonoma User Manual co BASIC INSTALLATION If your network does use DHCP for host configuration and you are in a hurry to get your Sonoma up and running you may proceed to Verifying Network Configuration to make sure that the network parameters were set up correctly Otherwise it is recommended that you read the following sections on the use of the RS 232 serial I O port now since they will help you in debugging any problems that you may encounter with the automatic configuration via DHCP If your network does not use DHCP you will need to configure your Ethernet interfaces using the RS 232 serial I O port The following section contains a brief description on how to do that Configuring Ethernet with the Serial Port To configure your Ethernet interfaces with the serial port after logging in as the root user you must run a simple script called netconfig This script will prompt you for the needed information and perform some syntax checking on your inputs The
191. tions are 57600 19200 9600 and 4800 Parity selec tions are odd even and none Format selections are Sysplex Truetime EndRun EndRunX NENA and NMEA View and Change the Serial Time Configuration Use the cpuio command to view the optional outputs on the CPU Module This command will list any connector that has an optional I O signal Connectors are identified as A B C Use the sys temio command to view the Serial Time configuration Command cpuio Sonoma reply CPU I O A SERIAL TIME OUTPUT is Installed Current Setting See systemio command Command systemio Sonomareply System 1 0 Signal SERIAL TIME OUTPUT is Installed Current Serial Time Output Baudrate Setting 9600 Current Serial Time Output Format Setting SYSPLEX Current Serial Time Output Parity Setting ODD Current NMEA Sentence 1 Setting NONE Current NMEA Sentence 2 Setting NONE Current NMEA Sentence 3 Setting NONE Use the systemioconfig command to change the Serial Time settings Command systemioconfig Sonomareply Interactive script 15 started so you can change the Serial Time settings Sysplex Format Sysplex means SYStem comPLEX and is a term used to describe computing on clusters of comput ers The Sysplex option is designed to provide time synchronization for an IBM Sysplex Timer It can also be used for precise time synchronization by any computers that do not use NTP and have an available serial port connection The time contained in th
192. to this specific file on your Sonoma tmp kernel gz The kernel image will be named with a software part number like 6010 0064 000 2 00 uImage When following the instructions below substitute the name of the actual kernel image that you are installing for 6010 0064 000 2 00 uImage Issue these commands from the console of your Sonoma ftp remote host perform ftp login on remote host bin set transfer mode to binary get 6010 0064 000 2 00 urmage tmp kernel gz transfer the file quit close the ftp session after transfer If you are using scp you may open a command window on the remote computer and securely transfer the kernel image from the remote computer to your Sonoma A command like this should be used scp p 6010 0064 000 2 00 urmage rootGhost your domain tmp kernel gz Now issue the following command to the Sonoma console to initiate the upload upgradekernel 105 Sonoma User Manual APPENDIX B Next update the default file system partition by issuing this command to your Sonoma console updatekernelflag 1 You should see this line displayed Default Kernel now set to UPGRADE Finally reboot the system by issuing this command at the shell prompt reboot Wait about 90 seconds for the system to shutdown and reboot Then log in to the Sonoma using telnet or ssh If all has gone well you should be able to log in the usual way You can check the running kernel version at any time by issuing kernelversion which
193. ts of voluntary contributions made by many individuals on behalf of the Apache Software Foundation For more information on the Apache Software Foundation please see lt http www apache org gt Portions of this software are based upon public domain software originally written at the National Center for Supercomputing Applications University of Illinois Urbana Champaign 121 Sonoma User Manual PTP Software License APPENDIX D The PTP IEEE 1588 option as implemented in the Sonoma is covered by patents and copyrights For patents that pertain to the Std No 1588 see the IEEE Standards Association at http standards 1eee org db patents pat1390 html Information about the PTP Project led by Kendall Correll can be found at ptpd sourceforge net The distribution and usage of the PTP software is allowed as long as the following copyright notice is included in our documentation The following copyright notice applies to all files which compose the PTPd This notice applies as if the text was explicitly included in each file Copyright c 2005 2008 Kendall Correll Aidan Williams Permission to use copy modify and or distribute this software for any purpose with or without fee is hereby granted provided that the above copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED AS IS AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRAN TIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED
194. type Sonoma reply Installed Oscillator is TCXO sysrootfs This command returns the currently loaded linux root file system either 0 or 1 where 0 is the fac tory installed root file system and 1 is the upgraded root file system Command sysrootfs Sonoma reply BOOTED ROOT FILE SYSTEM IMAGE 1 Upgrade sysstat This command allows you to query the status of the NTP Subsystem It retrieves information from the NTP daemon to determine the current synchronization status of the NTP Subsystem It then retrieves the last line in the logfile var log praecis0 monitor controlled by the NTP daemon reference clock driver that communicates with the CDMA Subsystem This logfile is updated every 16 seconds under normal operation It parses and formats the data contained therein and prints this fixed length generally since grossly unsynchronized states could cause the floating offset field to overflow mo mentarily string having these fields LKSTAT TO CDMA Offset S sssssssss LI TFOM YEAR DOY HH MM SS LS Where LKSTAT is the system peer status of the NTP daemon relative to the CDMA Subsystem either LOCKED or NOTLKD NOTLKD can imply several things the system has just started there is a fault in the CDMA Subsystem which has caused NTP to either be unable to obtain timing information from the CDMA Subsystem or to reject the timing information that it is obtaining from it S sssssssss is the offset in seconds between the NTP sys
195. u will need to execute this command when a leap second is pending The interactive script is very detailed in explaining how these values are obtained and used There 15 also more information in pendix F Leap Seconds Command cdmaleapconfig Sonomareply Interactive shell script is started cdmaleapmode This command displays the current and future leap second settings The leap second mode is always 73 Sonoma User Manual CHAPTER NINE USER meaning that the leap second information is user entered For more information on leap sec onds see Appendix F Leap Seconds Command cdmaleapmode Sonoma reply CDMA Leap Second Mode is USER Current LS 13 Future LS 13 cdmastat This command allows the user to query the status of the CDMA Subsystem During normal opera tion the NTP daemon polls the CDMA Subsystem every 16 seconds The results of this poll are used to steer the system clock and are saved to a log file This command parses and formats the data contained therein and prints this fixed length string having these fields LKSTAT TFOM YEAR DOY HH MM SS LS LF S CHANNEL PNO AGC VCDAC OSCDAC SN R F ERR FLTR FLTS Where LKSTAT is the tracking status of CDMA Subsystem either LOCKED or NOTLKD TFOM A value between 6 and 9 and indicates clock accuracy A detailed explanation of TFOM is in Appendix A TFOM YEAR 18 the year of the UTC timestamp of the most recent NTP polling request received by the CDMA Subsy
196. uthentication you can verify that authentication is being used by issuing the com mand associations to display the characteristics of the client server associations In the auth column of the display you should see OK for the row corresponding to the Sonoma server If you see bad you should wait a few minutes to be sure that there is a problem since bad is the initial state of this setting If the bad indication persists then you must check your configuration for errors Typically this is due to a typing error in creating the etc ntp keys file on the client that causes a mismatch between the keys being used by the server and client If you transfer the file by ftp or sep this shouldn t be a problem It is also possible to have a typing error in the etc ntp conf file that causes the needed key to not be included in the trustedkey list 25 Sonoma User Manual Setting Up NTP Clients on Windows CHAPTER THREE To configure your Windows computer to use your Sonoma Time Server you must have successfully completed the procedures in Configuring the NTP Server above Client installation must be per formed by a user with administrative priviledges If you have access to a usenet news server many problems may be solved by the helpful people who participate in the Internet news group devoted to NTP at comp protocols time ntp Three methods of using the Sonoma with NTP clients on Windows platforms will be des
197. utilities is disabled in the etc ntp conf file in two ways First MDS authentica tion keys are not defined for control operation via a requestkey or controlkey declaration Second this default address restriction line is present in the file restrict default nomodify noquery nopeer restrict 127 0 0 1 nomodify restrict 0 1 nomodify The first line eliminates control and query access from ALL hosts The second and third lines disable the localhost from making any modifications to the ntpd daemon but query access is not affected by this restriction These lines must not be removed as they are necessary for various monitoring processes running on the Sonoma to function properly Knowledgable NTP users who would like to customize the security aspects of the configuration of the NTP daemon in the Sonoma should edit the etc ntp conf file directly and then copy it to the boot etc directory Be sure to retain the ownership and permissions of the original file by using p when performing the copy If you are planning to make changes to the etc ntp conf file you must NOT restrict query access from the local host to the NTP daemon Various system monitoring processes running on the system require this access An example follows which shows how to restrict query access to a specific remote host with IP ad dress 192 168 1 10 while also allowing processes running on the Sonoma to have query access as well restrict default noquery nomodify nop
198. via Telnet SSH and SNMP To ensure security and to protect against denial of service attacks you should restrict access by using the accessconfig command accessconfig modifies two files etc hosts allow and etc hosts deny which are used by tepd and the standalone daemons snmpd and sshd to determine whether or not to grant access to a request ing host These two files may contain configuration information for a number of protocol servers but in the Sonoma only access control to the protocol server daemons in telnetd sshd and snmpd is configured As shipped from the factory these two files are empty When you run accessconfig these lines are added to the etc hosts deny file in telnetd ALL sshd ALL snmpd ALL 42 Sonoma User Manual SECURITY This tells tepd to deny access to in telnetd sshd and snmpd to all hosts not listed in the etc hosts allow file The snmpd and sshd daemons also parse this file directly prior to granting access to a requesting host Next you will be prompted to enter a list of hosts that will be granted access to in telnetd sshd and snmpd These appear in the etc hosts allow as lines like this in telnetd 192 168 1 2 192 168 1 3 sshd 192 168 1 2 192 168 1 3 snmpd 192 168 1 2 192 168 1 3 This simple shell script handles the needs of most users however the syntax of these two files sup ports elaborate configuration possibilities which are beyond the capabilites of this simple shell script
199. w the Alarm Output Connector 91 Direct Digital Synthesizer DDS 91 View and Change the DDS Configuration ee ee cee eee eee ee eee eee eens 91 Serial Time Output 5 2 4 5 ois xime xn mee mee e aig 92 View and Change the Serial Time Configuration 92 Sysplex Format alates te s avers 92 Format naro E RP in mm ndn CAE NI e oh oho Bata eas Y 93 Format ss Gila SARS eR wi aoe 93 EndRunX Extended Format 2 0 eee cee cee ce ee ce cc I ee eee eee teens 94 NENA Eau con boob ad 94 NEL Fondi Ee dec eatin Leave eu ese A SU alt cd ER 96 Power Supply Options 96 DC Power Input pre ND AUR Sages wel get 96 Connecting the DC PCT 97 Dual Redundant Power Supplies 97 Masking Dual Power Supply Fault Alarms 97 Sonoma User Manual Appendix A Time Figure of Merit 99 Appendix B Upgrading the Firmware
200. will not try to look up host names ntpdc n c monlist A useful command for querying NTP status 15 the following ntpq peers To query a remote time server if the remote timeserver will accept the query type ntpq peers lt hostname gt A table of information will be displayed For details on what each of the table columns means type man ntpq To see what version of the NTP daemon ntpd is operating type ntpd version 112 Sonoma User Manual Text Editors Change Log In Banners HELPFUL LINUX INFORMATION There are three text editors resident on the Sonoma file system edit joe and elvis All of these may be useful when needing to edit system configuration files or to view and search within system log files edit is a very simple editor with Wordstar key commands that was originally developed for extremely memory limited environments such as floppy boot disks and embedded Linux appliances When EndRun Technologies first generation Linux based embedded network time servers were in troduced they fell into this category and the edit text editor was appropriate Now it is included on the Sonoma file system for legacy reasons since it has been the default editor for all first and second generation EndRun Technologies products A man page for edit is resident on the system When it is first started and you did not give it a file name to edit on the command line it shows a start up screen with its command syntax But once you have
201. ws platform This manual is not a How To on installing and using NTP Only basic approaches to NTP client configuration for operation with the Sonoma will be described If you have never used NTP then you should spend some time reading the on line documents especially the Distribution Notes FAQ and Configuration subject matter which are available at http www ntp org A simple introduction to NTP is here http www endruntechnologies com pdf NTP Intro pdf Configuring the Sonoma as a Stratum 1 Server To configure your Sonoma as a Stratum 1 NTP Server you must have successfully completed the Basic Installation procedures in Chapter 2 By default the Sonoma is configured to respond to NTP requests from clients that may or may not be using MDS authentication If the clients are using MDS authentication they must be configured properly with the same MDS authentication keys as the Sonoma If you need to modify the factory default Sonoma MDS keys recommended or set up broadcast multicast operation then you will need to reconfigure the NTP subsystem You may per form the configuration from either a telnet or ssh session or the local RS 232 console If you would like to configure your server for multicast operation configure it as you would for broadcast operation with the exception that you must enter this specific NTP IPV4 multicast address 224 0 1 1 this specific IPV6 multicast address ff05 101 when you are prompted to enter
202. you to enable or mask the Signal Loss Fault Parameter for this command is either MASKED or ENABLED Setting this command to MASKED will prevent a signal loss fault from creating an alarm condition Some installations may need to mask this fault when operating the NTP server as a Stratum 2 server The factory default setting is ENABLED Command setsigfltmask MASKED Sonoma reply Signal Loss Fault Mask set to MASKED sigfltmask This command displays the current setting for the Signal Loss Fault Mask Command sigfltmask Sonoma reply Signal Loss Fault is ENABLED subsysreset This command performs a CDMA Subsystem reset which is similar to cycling the power on the CDMA Subsystem It also resets the CDMA Receiver After about 10 seconds the boot messages from the CDMA Subsystem will be displayed Command subsysreset Sonoma reply Bootloader 6010 0070 000 v 1 00 Dec 27 2012 14 48 55 FW 6010 0071 000 v 1 00 Mar 02 2013 17 48 28 FPGA 6020 0012 000 v 01 Wait 20 seconds while resetting CDMA Receiver Done syskernel This command returns the currently booted linux kernel either 0 or 1 where 0 is the factory installed kernel and 1 is the upgraded kernel Command syskernel Sonoma reply BOOTED KERNEL IMAGE 1 Upgrade 82 Sonoma User Manual CONTROL AND STATUS COMMANDS sysosctype This command displays the system oscillator type It is either TCXO OCXO or Rubidium The standard oscillator type is the TCXO Command sysosc

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