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DECUS_PC-SIG_Symposi.. - Chicago Classic Computing

1. GRAPH The Fry Graph is very popular for assessing readability both because it is highly regarded and because one needn t use a formula to apply it manually The number of words and sent ences per 100 words is plotted on a graph containg lines which indicate grade levels This program will draw a Fry Graph and plot the grade level for you The Graph itself is available from many sources One is Diagnosis Correction and Prevention of Reading Disabilities by STAUFFER et al Harper and Row c1978 p 152 PRESS Q to QUIT or ENTER to Continue B b D DD bb bb b bb b bb bb D b 9 b M do kh a L 4 0 L4 i LL e 2 Le fiiiiififiiitfiitfiiiiiitititfiiiiiiiiiiittfiitiitiiiiiiititfififiiiiiii HOLMQUIST This is a re calculation of the Dale Chall formula Holmquist has developed several formulas one of which has an updated Dale List It is true that the Dale List developed the 1940s is out of date Words such as Schoolmaster are on the list but words such as television are not This Holmquist formula uses the older list It is worth noting that Dale and Chall have recently updated their entire formula although it is not yet in general circulation PRESS Q to QUIT or ENTER to Continue i L L d 41 DECUS 1985 PC SIG PAGE 19 Comments
2. a Move the cursor one space to the right of the last character in the block you want to move If you ended the block with a carriage return which will be indicated by a flag in the far right column place the cursor at the beginning of the next line so the carriage return will be moved along with the block If you are marking a column see page 90 STEP 3 MOVE THE CURSOR ONE LINE BELOW THE LINE ON WHICH YOU WANT TO MOVE THE BLOCK BMAX 1 LIME 13 COL INSERT OM SSS oe ee iene BLOCK 1 BLOCK 1 WLOCK 1 BLOCK 1 BLOCK 2 BLO 1 BLOG 1 1 MOO MOCK 1 BLOCK 1 KOO 1 KOC 1 BOF BLOCK 1 BLOCK 1 BLOCK 1 MOQ 2 BLOCK 2 KOC BOO K RI BLOCK 2 BLOCK 2 ROC 2 BLOCK 2 BLOCK 2 HOCK 2 MOC 2 2 BLOCK 2 BLOCK 2 MOCK 2 BLOCK 2 ROO 2 BOT 2 ROY 2 2 MOK 2 KOX 2 MX 2 2 ROCK 2 MOOK 2 EO 2 NOG 2 STEP 4 TYPE MOVE BLOCK l 1 i 1 i o gt i PMZ 1 LOE 9 0 DET BLOCK 2 2 2 2 BLOCK 2 MOR 2 2 2 2 BLOCK 2 WLOCK 2 BLOCK 2 MOK 2 BLOCK 2 2 2 BLOCK 2 BLOCK 2 2 BLOCK 2 MOG 2 MOCK 2 2 2 Er e te BLOCK BLOCK 1 EOX 1 BLOCK 1 BLOCK 1 BLOCK 1 BLOCK ROX 1 BOCK 1 BLOCK 1 BLOCK 1 1 1 1 s MOC
3. Offload generic functions i i Local flexibility and control More users per Lower cost per user Rainbow and VAX Work as One ts Runs all categories of software e Industry standard Host applications Distributed applications 9 Cooperating industry standard and host applications Rainbow and VAX Work as One BUSINESS GRAPHICS Put the task where it makes the most sense Rainbow and VAX Work as One RIGHT INFORMATION EN 1 PLU DE TT wer RIGHT ANSWER N OW SLI ru t 1 i Benefits to the Corporation LOI LES Deren Maximizes efficiency of computing resources e Adds user functionality without increasing demands on system personnel e Makes current data available throughout corporation while retaining data control Benefits to Department Managers p M gt I e Shows ongoing commitment by Digital to protect your investment e Makes efficient use of VAX by offloading personal tasks Lets your staff use their favorite personal computer applications with data from VAX Benefits to the Corporation a w G e increases employee satisfaction by respecting individual computing
4. IL Tm SET Manufacturing Environment Scenario w sr Y MRP data extracted from DATATRIEVE e Drawings may be transmitted through and converted automatically into a VAX network for review or correction MS DOS formats E I A a Drawings may be transmitted to VAX based e 2 3 with CAD system such as Intergraph for inclusion in larger design project Graph made using Lotus 1 2 3 e Results included in mail message to other manufacturing personnel 256K of memory or more GYOKB recommended 5MB 10 8 or 20 MB har disk Operating System MS DOS Operating System V2 1 a e poly XFR Communications Software e poly COM Communications Software included for VAX VMS Modem or hard wired connection er Optional Optional PC1XX BA Graphics Option Board ALL IN 1 9 MS DOS spreadsheet word processing data DATATRIEVE base management and other software DECmail Printed in the U S A The Following are trademarks of Digital Equipment Corporation ALL IN 1 Digital logo RSTS DEC EduSystem RSX DECnet IAS RT DECmate MASSBUS UNIBUS DECsystem 10 PDP VAX DECSYSTEM 20 PDT VMS DECUS P OS VT DECwriter Professional Work Processor DIBOL Rainbow Copyright DECUS and Digital Equipment Corporation 1985 All Rights Reserved The information in this document is subject to change without notice
5. UMOUS 58 Jey WO s ulj BAOWA jag sseJd juauiejejs eroueutJ SpJOM BU 181 OS 9 10 g uo jueuiejejs ay 1osino eu umop Text Procedures Press the Line key to shade a line Press the Return key Position the cursor where you want to insert the Format Line Hold down the Ctrl key while you press the Insert Here key If you saved the text in a file Press the File key Type the name of the file unless you used the default file name TEMP e Press the Return key Samna asks if you want to insert the line in the current format If you are inserting a format line without text you must specify No NOTE You can type over the line that was copied Helpful Information You cannot use the insert procedure if the text you want to copy is on different directory First you must copy the TEMP file to the cor rect directory Any marks in the text are copied along with the text text you move is temporarily saved along with its format in the TEMP file If you insert the text with the stored format your document looks as if you reformatted the new text You have text with the old format new text with its format and the rest of the text with the old format 57 You can move any amount of text You shade the text
6. 105202 ay MAON 0 1 91 JO 32014 Jo tuolloq 18 Jaod aq 126 Z SpJE J31J 1X31 Ajtisnf 03 paou nok urd1eui 1191 243 pua 11515 Jou s op IEY 3 2 JO 42044 J s193utod sn 43 1 gt FAO Buisn a10jeg 9A0UI O JULM 1 91 JO 12014 243 jo doy ye gt YALNIOd 935 123106 151 125 I 1 1 9 243 12104 5 jo Jaquinu 10 19191 Jay pugtutuo3 911 95 moy aquosap 423 911 5 MOH 3 JAOW 01 wojj 52214109 wollog doj nok ui 1 2 28118183 U tjA njdjou st pueuruo JAQON Wed 1ououe 1u u n3op ino Jo wed auo 1 91 32014 pueuiuo2 JAOW 241 Buimojjoy ayy 155 911 i 55914 ajdwexa 141 103 7191u10d 1511 241 jo JaquNU 10 19191 55914 wesy 19 S 3 3AON 7 6 p CQ OB A4 swrmrr F mn Moving a Block Then press Del to r i When you want to move a block of text from one location to another in a emove the lines from that location as shown below document label the block and use Del to remove it from its
7. BLOCK 1 BROCK 1 BLOCK 1 MOC 1 BLOCK 1 1 4 Hae na uie et te The block will move from its former position to one line above the line on which you placed the cursor The space vacated by the block you moved will be filled up by the rows of text below the block which will move up into this space STEP 5 TYPE V ro RETURN THE POSITION FROM WHICH THE BLOCK WAS MOVED t PAGE 1 LIME COL INSERT ON 1 ep f MOCK 2 BLOCK 2 ROQ 2 ROX 2 2 MO 2 BO 7 2 MOX 2 BLOCK 2 BLOCK 2 BLOCK 2 BLOCK 2 2 MOY 2 2 i BLOCK 2 BLOCK 2 BLOCK 2 BLOCK 2 BLOCK 2 2 BLOCK 2 BLOG 2 t 1 BLOCK 1 BLOCK 1 BLOCK 1 1 BLOCK 1 1 BLOCK 1 BLOCK 1 MOO 1 BLOCK 1 1 MOK 1 B XX MOX 1 BLOCK 1 BLOCK 1 ROG 1 1 BLOCK 1 BLOCK 1 ROQ i The text in the space vacated by the moved block as well as the moved block itself might require paragraph reforming with B To return the cursor to the position from which the block was moved type QV FIGURE 10 Text5 53 biper o BEEN SEE 1444 gn aay ox 19113 eui sseJd ueuj pue Bulsseid Aq uono s eui Moving a Block The block move command KV moves all the text in the marked block to the cursor position deleting the original at its
8. FILES IN DIRECTORY BE DIFFICULT TO MANAGE THERE LIMITED NUMBER OF ENTRIES IN THE ROOT DIRECTORY MS DOS PERMITS CREATION OF TREE STRUCTURED SUB DIRECTORIES IMPLEMENTED AS SPECIAL FILES EACH SUB DIRECTORY HAS PATH BY WHICH IT MAY BE REACHED FROM OTHER DIRECTORIES YOU CAN CHANGE YOURT CURRENT DIRECTORY TO BE ANY OF YOUR SUB DIRECTORIES THERE IS NO LIMIT TO THE NUMBER OF ENTRIES IN SUB DIRECTORY PROGRAMS AND DATA BE ORGANIZED BY USER FUNCTION ETC ROOT DIRECTORY FILES 7 7 NBIN FILES NDEV FILES MJSERS DIR lt s s s SD GD lt MY FILES YOUR FILES HER FILES 75 MS DOS COMMANDS TO ACCESS SUB DIRECTORIES MKDIR MDINDIRNAME MKDIRNUSER MKDIRNUSERNJOE CHDIR CD NDIRNAME CHDIR CDONUSERNJOE CHDIR CDN RMDIR RD DIRNAME RDNUSERN JOE 76 CREATE NEW SUB DIRECTORY CREATES SUB DIRECTORY USER AS A CHILD OF THE ROOT DIR CREATES SUB DIRECTORY JOE AS A CHILD OF NUSER CHANGES YOUR CURRENT DIRECTORY MAKES JOE CURRENT DIRECTORY MAKES JOE S PARENT DIRECTORY THE CURRENT DIRECTORY THE ROOT DIRECTORY CURRENT REMOVES SUB DIRECTORY MUST BE EMPTY REMOVES JOE FR
9. Svecial Features Includes Typograohy Spatial Arrangement of Text Titles Subheadings Tables Figures Abstracts Summary Table of Contents Bibliography Reference in Text Cover Spine Titles Aesthetic Considerations Typeface Page Size Horizontal Spacing Practical Considerations Interaction of Variables Type Size Line Length and Leading Margin Justification Line Length and Hyphenation Margin Justification and Leading Typeface and Type Size Line Length and Typeface 3 DECUS 1 PC SIG PAGE 12 TEXT TEXTS TEXTS 985 APPENDIX B MATERIALS ANALYZED pfs Write User s Manual Software Publishing Company 1983 pp 7 5 to 7 7 Puotinen C J The Last Word on WordStar Holt Rinehart and Winston 1983 p 156 WordStar manual supplied with Epson QX 10 Release 3 3 p 6 4 WordStar manual supplied with Kaypro Release 3 3 1983 pp 4 8 to 4 9 and Rainbow 100 1983 pp 4 8 to 4 9 Curtin Dennic P The WordStar Handbook release 3 3 Somerville MA Curtin and London Inc 1983 pp 88 89 Samna Word II manual supplied with Rainbow 100 1984 pp 68 69 Select 86 manual supplied with Rainbow 100 1983 pp 56 57 MASS 11 Reference Manual WS 200 Editor Version 4 C Hoffman Estates IL Microsystems Engineering Corporation 1984 pp 6 9 to 6 13 Samna Word III manual supplied with Rainbow 100 1984 pp 3 17 to 3 19 Symposium Invoice Form Instructions Fall DECUS
10. 4 Shade the text you want to copy 5 Press the Return key FIGURE 13 cont 3 19 Text Procedures 7 Hold down the Ctrl key while you press the Insert Here key If you stored the text in a file e Press the File key e Type the name of the file unless you used the default file TEMP Press the Return key Samna asks Which format should be used Type Y to use the current format Type to insert the stored format Will the text be inserted into the current displayed format Yes No N 13 the text you are inserting a column Yes No N 8 Respond to these questions and press the Return key NOTE To move text with its original format you must save the text in a separate file 56 Copying a Format Line copy a format line Position the cursor immediately below the format line you want to copy Press the Do key Press the C key for copy If you are storing the line in a separate file Press the File key e Type the name of the file if you do not want to use the default file name TEMP e Press the Return key 6 Move the cursor to where you want to insert the copy FIGURE 13 Text9 we V AL VIMA IM CU AA L WS 200 EDITOR The Select Marker is still in force even though it may no longer be visible If at any point you decide that you do not want to carry through with the Select operation just press SEL again and the Select Marker will be removed
11. DECUS Symposium Anaheim CA Fall 85 Session Notes P010 P6005 P034 P036 DECUS Personal Computer Special Interest Group Fall 1985 Svmposium Session Notes Table of Contents PC SIG Roadmap Session Public Domain Software TOY the RD ss ce sete asa Pers whe 1 The Generation of General Curves on a DEC Rainbow 15 Putting the Reader Back in Manuals Computer Manuals and the Problems of Readability 23 bainbow MEE RIVERS ERE 70 Rainbow Communications amp Networking Solutions 87 Rainbow Office 1 108 Edited bv Alan Bruns Allied Electronics Fort Worth Texas PC SIG Roadmap Session Page 1 ic Domain Software for the Rainbow The UTILitieS 1 Diskette Originated by R S Hafner Livermore CA September 1985 Ihe following is a breakdown of what is contained on this diskette Included are verbose listings of the various ARC files and comments on the sub files themselves Executable images files with a EXE or COM extension will run on the Rainbow under MS DOS version 2 11 The ARC files were produced using the ARC utility version 4 10 which is contained on this diskette Comments are those of the originator of this diskette and do not necessarily reflect the comments or opinions of DECUS THE ARChive Utility Version 4 10 ARC is an extremely powerful utility which combines up to
12. by Personal Computing Systems Group Digital Equipment Corporation TO WHAT S A PERSONAL COMPUTER O S MANAGES THE HARDWARE RESOURCES BASIC INPUT OUTPUT SYSTEM BIOS PROVIDES SOFTWARE INTERFACE TO SYSTEM SERVICES BASIC DISK OPERATING SYSTEM BDOS FILE SYSTEM PROGRAM EXECUTION amp TERMINATION MEMORY ALLOCATION CONSOLE DEYBOARD amp VIDEO DATE amp TIME SERVICES o PROVIDES USER INTERFACE CONSOLE COMMAND PROCESSOR CCP o ACCESSES PHYSICAL PERIPHERAL DEVICES DEVICE DRIVERS FLOPPY DISK DRIVES WINCHESTER HARD DISK PRINTER PORT S COMMUNICATIONS PORT S 71 MS DOS BASIC COMMANDS DIRECTORY TYPE DIR D PATH FILESPEC DISPLAY DIRECTORY DIR B DISPLAY DIRECTORY OF DRIVE B DIR BAT DISPLAY DIRECTORY OF FILES WITH EXTENSION BAT TYPE 0 1 PATH FILESPEC DISPLAY THE CONTENTS OF A FILE TYPE MYFILEZTAT TYPENBINNYOURFILE MS DOS BASIC COMMANDS COPY AND RENAME COPY D PATH FILESPEC D PATH FILESPEC CUPT FILES COPY MYFILE TXT B NEWFILE TXT COPY OLDFILE DAT B COPY CON QUICK BAY REN D PATH OLDFILE RENAME FILE REN B ARTICLE TXT ARTICLE OLD REN DAT LOG 72 MS DOS BASIC COMMANDS PRINT D PATH FILESPEC PRINT ARTICLE TXT PRINT DATE MM DD YY TIME HH MM SS PRINT DATE AND TIME PRINT FILE ON PRINTER DISPLAYS CONTENTS OF PRINT QUEUE SETS DISPLAYS DATE SETS DISPLAYS TIME MS DOS UTIL
13. Comment analysis shows that the samples range widely in content 53 99 on a scale of 100 They also show that no text consistently falls in the acceptable range on the various elements for analysis Table 1 TABLE 1 Scores of Selected Items from Comment ITEM ACCEPTABLE LEVELS NUMBER SAMPLES ACCEPTABLE To Be s Under 30X 1 Text8 Prepositions 2 per Sentence 4 Text1 4 5 8 Transitions Above 20 5 Text1 3 5 7 8 Th Openers Under 9X 2 Texto 10 Vagueness Under 1X 6 Text1 4 6 7 8 10 Short Sentences Under 30 3 Text4 5 8 Long Sentences Under 22 All but 1 Text8 on standards for Freshman Composition at Texas Tech University _ CONCLUSION The conclusion based on the data it seems to me is obvious Text8 had more categories acceptable 5 than any other sample yet it certainly 45 far from easy for the reader to follow It has the highest Fog Reading and Dale Chall Grade Level 12 because of an average sentence length of 24 words with the longest being 62 words supporting the notion that it requires a higher level of formal education to comfortably read and understand significant test however is just how easily the reader can access the information Manual writers combining layout and design typography and statistical analyses can present for verification and validation manuals that will place the reader back into them Ultimately however all the measures available are useless if the writer fails t
14. The form of 5 is suggested by engineering considerations The strain energy of an elastic beam of length L is a linear function of the integral jt ds 0 In equilibrium this functional is minimal a pleasing structural property effect such a minimal energy let 055551 lt lt S L be a knot sequence of the n variable s and p s a function of s such that d o s 52 From this knot sequence and appropriate additional knots let w s be a cubic spline namely 18 where normalized cubic B splines With end point conditions that second derivatives are zero we obtain s as a natural cubic spline We also have that ds Hence from the minimal property of natural splines we obtain the minimal of e rt k ds 0 In our suggested representation we assume that at each knot Sis j3 14 we have the angle How these angles are found is outside the scope of this presen tation but suggestions on methods are to be found in 1 From the known derivative of a cubic spline and the scaling property of 6 s we arrive at the final form for our curve namely n 2 e s Qe pL LU NS 1 i 7 1 3 with the normalized quadratic splines the n 3 coefficients i 1 3 found from the angles 0 1 n and the end conditions that the curvature is zero Control of the curve be effected by changing individual 9 values
15. but the formula is well regarded by reading specialists See A Formula for Predicting Readability EDUCATIONAL RE SEARCH QUARTERLY Vol 27 1 21 48 p 11 amp 2 17 48 p 37 b b b b b b b b b b b b b bb N N b PRESS Q to QUIT or ENTER to Continue FLESCH READING EASE 2 2 2 2 Rudolf Flesch published his first readability formula in 1943 7 He was primarily interested in adult reading matter both in terms of reading ease and human interest He has a formula for each It is the Reading Ease formula which is calcu a lated here The formula uses data from the Dale List of 3000 words The score obtained is an index score which is then translated to grade level by this program 2 2 2 2 3 2 Source for this formula is A New Readability Yardstick by Rudolf Flesch JOURNAL OF APPLIED PSYCHOLOGY No 34 December 1950 pp 384 390 PRESS Q to QUIT or ENTER to Continue b bod hend baee 8 bee be lee be iud 39 DECUS PC SIG PAGE 17 L 2 L Ged 60 Seed Sheed 9 i 4 H 1985 Comments cont 4 4 4 4 2 PLESCH KINCAID Kincaid has modified the original Flesch formula for use with Navy enlisted personnel undergoing technical training Unlike the original Flesch formula the Flesch Kincaid will calculate grade levels less than fourth The Flesch Kincaid Formula has a
16. deleting a block Then check to verify that the move was what you intended and use regular editing com mands as necessary to reformat the original area FIGURE 9 Text4 52 Moving Blocks In preparing letters reports lists tables articles or books you will frequently find it necessary to reorganize the draft as you are polishing it One of the great advantages of a word processor is the freedom it gives you to rearrange text with out having to cut and paste everything you want to move WordStar can move rows of text and later versions can also move columns STEP 1 TYPE K B ro MARK THE BEGIN NING OF THE BLOCK VI ESAE lt mo Move the cursor under the first letter in the block you want to move Type KB and a control character B will appear on the screen just to the left of the letter under which you positioned the cursor If you are marking a column see page 90 STEP 2 TYPE MARK THE END OF THE BLOCK ae enm s a m aem onm mti ms an mm TY EVE a 1 BB 1 LOE 01 IMBERT ON beim Sis sl de BOX i ROX BLOCK 2 BLOCK 1 BLOCK 1 BLOCK BLOOD 1 KOX ROO i BOK i KOO BLOCK 2 MOY 1 BLOCK 1 BLOCK 1 KO lp EUMQUE MN BLOCK 2 2 KOF 2 T mox 2 Bux 2 2 2 BLOG 2 2 Buy 2 2 MOK 2 BLOCK 2 BLOCK 2 BLOCK 2 BLOCK 2 MOCK 2 2 2
17. e AWAL si 1 9 au OY ur 3 s uA 3uoje 9 3uo e perdoo 1 9 ay ur UY 1091 15111 K101221Ip 31u213jJIp e 109 0 ANAL 9u1 Adoo qsnur nod uo 51 4409 o jueA noA 3X9 y o1npa201d 119511 ay 95 joUUED 50 Injdi H pardos sem zey 911 19 9441 31ON Ajioads jsnui 1 91 JnouytA e 81114951 j ut 91 M SUL 03 JULM ji sse euureg Ady 1 191 55914 ANAL 3 nejop ay ssajun o rj jo ay d L 9X Ally 91 55911 ur 3X9 paaes noA 11951 55914 nod Aay 119 umop 4 9 uinjay 55911 QUIT 3220 11951 0 JULM 105112 IYI uonisog eui 594 P 5 Moving a Block The block move command KV moves all the text in the marked block to the cursor position deleting the original at its old position If no block is marked when the command is given or if either marker is hidden an error message occurs Appendix B The destination may be in the middle of a line if desired for example whe
18. leaves you where you were instead of resetting to the Main Menu SCREENRB ARC Version Unknown A Raibow specific program which allows the selection or the resetting of all of the screen attributes Type SCREENRB lt CR and choose what you want SD ARC Version Unknown SD is a Super Directory program which sorts and lists directory files in an alphabetical double column format The number of files and the rounded estimate of file space appear to be but the estimate of the space remaining should not be believed SECRET ARC Version s Unknown set of MS DOS programs originally written for the IBM PC This user has not tried them on his Rainbow MDSECRET MakeDirectory SECRET allows the user to create hidden directories and or sub directories CDSECRET ChangeDirectory SECRET and RDSECRET RemoveDirectory SECRET perform the appropriate supplemental functions SQ ARC Version 1 6lpc A recent MS DOS version of Richard Greenlaw s famous SQueeze program Works geat but it should It was updated BY Richard Greenlaw SWEEP ARC Version 2 14 Gary Berg s most recent version of SWEEP CNEEP for MS DOS TABS ARC Version 1 6 TABS was supposed to be an MS DOS ASCII alignment program which replaces lt TAB gt characters with spaces This version of TABS however does NOT work properly on a Rainbow TD ARC Version Unknown A Time ordered Directory program TD provides directory listings which are sorte
19. specific FIDO Board user rename RBFIDO NBR to DIAL NBR RBFIDO NBR is the RBDIALER equivalent of Rob Elliot s most recent Rainbow 100 Bulletin Board listing see below If want to do mixing and matching print the two LIS files and create phone lists to your heart s content FIDO LIS is Tom Jenning s 9 August version of 11 FIDO boards world wide is Rob Elliot s most recent list in its original ormat Additional Note The only obvious disadvantage to DIALER is that after exiting the screen is left in the BOLD text mode Use RESETRB or SCREENRB both of which are available on the UTILS 2 Diskette to reset the screen to its normal default setting LCTERM ARC Version 3 30 The latest version of Larry Campbell s excellent terminal emulation program Unique among the public domain terminal emulators LCTERM supports both KERMIT and XMODEM file transfer protocols it supports manual and automatic Script File processing and it supports beginning with Version 3 28 the VT2xx series special function keys Note Function key binding files created with earlier versions of LCTERM are no longer compatible with Versions 3 28 or 3 30 LOGIN ARC Version Unknown Written by Jay Jervey LOGIN is a MUST for communicating with your Rainbow remotely LOGIN provides protection for your Rainbow by 1 requiring a password before exiting to MS DOS 2 not echoing your password and 3 using direct console I O so Ctr1 C wi
20. 82 MULTINATIONAL CAHRACTERS FOR FILE NAMING AND TEXT WITH COMPOSE KEY 3 KEY SEQUENCE IMPROVED SORT UTILITY KEEPS U S AND MULTINATIONAL CHARACTERS IN PROPER SEQUENCE FOR FILE MANAGEMENT DEC STANDARD 169 INTERNATIONAL SYSTEM CALL EASILY INCORPORATES COMMERCIAL METRICS FOR 99 COUNTRIES DATE TIME DECIMAL POINT CONVENTIONS CURRENCY SYMBOLS INCLUDES METRICS FOR FRANCE GERMANY ISRAEL ITALY JAPAN PORTUGAL SPAIN UK 85 DIFFERENCES BETWEEN THE OPERATING SYSTEMS CP M 86 80 VS MS DOS CP M 86 80 MAKES THE MOST OF HAVING DUAL PROCESSORS MS DOS CAN T GET AT THE 280 EXCEPT VIA RXS50 DRIVER MS DOS IS A REAL 0 5 AS OPPOSED CP M S RELATIVELY PRIMITIVE NATURE MS DOS COMMANDS ARE MORE NATURAL VERY DCL LIKE AS OPPOSED TO CP M S MORE ARCANE SYNTAX A LA 05 8 CP M USES A VASTLY DIFFERENT FILE STRUCTURE THAN MS DOS PROGRAMS WRITTEN FOR ONE O S CAN T BE RUN ON THE OTHER ALTHOUGH CONVERSION BE RELAIIVELY SIMPLE IF WRITTEN IN HIGH LEVEL LANGUAGE LIKE C CCP M 86 VS MS DOS amp CP M 86 80 CCP M 86 IS A MULTI TASKING 0 MS DOS amp CP M 86 80 ARE NOT SINGLE THREADED CCP M 86 S FILE STRUCTURE IS EXPANDED TO ACCOMMODATE PASSWORDS AND DATE TIME STAMPS SOME FUNCTIONS IMPLEMENTED IN RAINBOW FIRMWARE ARE EMULATED AND ENHANCED BY SOFTWARE E G SET UP AND PRINT SCREEN CCP M 86 REQUIRES A LOT MORE MEMORY THAN EITHER MS DOS OF CP M 86 80 512 KB RECOMMENDED MINIMUM VS 128KB M
21. As these angular values are on the right hand side of a system of linear equations new coefficients for the changed curve can be computed on most systems in real time until the designer is satisfied Conclusions The representation of two dimensional curves by an angle 8 as a quadratic spline of the arc length s has been shown to have several positive qualities for use in computer graphics Curves so represented are true graphics primitives and 19 the compactness with which the curve c n be stored in the machine enhances the space complexity of a picture with many instances of such primitives Translation rotation and scaling are simply effected and continuity of curvature is guaranteed For the computer aided designer curves having minimal energy result and the real time interaction of the design procedure gives the designer a practical alternative to present extant methods eo 10 REFERENCES Brannigan M Angular profiles for 2 D curves Technical Report GIT ICS 85 16 Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta Georgia Barsky B A The Beta spline A local representation based on shape parameters and fundamental geometric measures Dept of Comp Sci University of Utah Barsky and Beatty J C Local control of bias and tension in beta splines ACM Transactions on Computer Graphics 1983 109 134 Bezier P Numerical Control Mathematics and Applications John Miley 1967 Bezier P Mathematical and practi
22. U S Symposium 1985 p 10 NY 35 DECUS 1985 DECUS 1985 PC SIG PC SIG G PAGE 13 PAGE 14 APPENDIX C Comments cont COMMENTS ON CONTINUITY PROGRAMS The CONTINUITY module uses the count of transitional phrases and the total sentence count to calculate the percent of transitional per sentence Optimum percents of transitional phrases are set by the instructor The program tests the calculations for too few and too many transitional phrases and advises the writer either to add phrases or to be alert to possible wordiness The CONTINUITY module is only useful to writers with an A Revision Aid Program for Writing Classes understanding of the limits and uses of mechanical transitions TH OPENERS The TH OPENERS module counts the number of occurrances of Th phrases and calculates the percent of these openers to the total sentence count The pi gu percentage is pre set by the instructor The default value of 8 is based on a study of 25 first year papers written by Texas Tech English students In the case of descriptive reports i e descriptions of mechanisas DESCRIPTION Grunna tik to Boita Marketlagje a i m program to Writing classes Iur students type in their papers or they correct the spelling and then run in technical writing courses the allowable percentage of OPENERS may be as COMMENT then prompts students to enter data from high as 50 Grammatik s stati
23. Version s Unknown An additional set of filters including source codes for MS DOS command line inputs FECHO echos standard input to the screen great for debugging FEED reads a filspec and sends files to standard output FORCLEAN takes a FORTRAN source and deletes comments and labels LOWER translated all uppercase characters to lowercase SNGLSPC removes extra blank lines from a file TRANSLAT puts each word of a file onto a separate line TRUNC truncates a line at the first matching character or space UNIQUE deletes multiple occurances from a sorted list and UPPER translates all lowercase characters to uppercase Use with the other filters MORE FIND and SORT Version 2 0 or higher FLIP ARC Version Unknown A Rainbow specific program FLIP allows either of the following Saves the screen to a file restores the screen from a file exchanges the current screen with one stored in a file FSTDSK ARC Version Unknown rapid disk transfer program which will increase the file transfer rate by about 35 Hint Include this in your AUTOEXEC BAT file FV ARC Version 1 03 Rainbow specific FastVu program written by Dan Pleasant This one is much faster than earlier versions Read the DOCs first or simple type FV filename Next Screen lt Next Screen Next Screen gt etc Hit the EXIT key F10 to quit HIDESEEK ARC Version Unknown HIDESEEK can be used to find hidden directories and or su
24. allowing you to resume normal editing 6 4 2 THE CUT COMMAND This feature allows you to remove any amount of text from a document Using the Paste command described later in this chapter you may then move the cut text to another position within the same document or to another document within the same Document Directory You may also elect to do nothing with the text you have cut thus deleting it from you document The Paste command in this case allows you to recover the last block of text you deleted in this manner 6 4 2 1 Basic Concepts Think of the Cut function as performing the same operation you would perform with a knife on a paper document At the point where you would begin your cut in the paper document you place the Select Marker MASS 11 Moving the cursor MASS 11 is similar to running your knife around the text you want to remove working towards the end of the section Finally at the opposite end of the text from where you started you executed the MASS 11 Cut function which is similar to lifting the section of text from the document Unlike the knife and paper operation however you are not left with a gaping hole in your document MASS 11 automatically moves the text below the cut up to meet the text above the cut so that there is never a hole left by the Cut operation The cut text is stored in a temporary holding area or paste buffer The paste buffer contains the cut text until another piece of text selected w
25. and should not be construed as a commitment by Digital Equipment Corporation or DECUS Digital Equipment Corporation and DECUS assume no responsibility for any errors that may appear in this document POLICY NOTICE TO ALL ATTENDEES OR CONTRIBUTORS DECUS PRESENTATIONS PUBLICATIONS PROGRAMS OR ANY OTHER PRODUCT WILL NOT CONTAIN TECHNICAL DATA INFORMATION THAT IS PROPRIETARY CLASSIFIED UNDER U S GOVERNED BY THE U S DEPARTMENT OF STATE S INTERNATIONAL TRAFFIC IN ARMS REGULATIONS ITAR DECUS and Digital Equipment Corporation make no representation that in the interconnection of products in the manner described herein will not infringe on any existing or future patent rights nor do the descriptions contained herein imply the granting of licenses to utilize any software so described or to make use or sell equipment constructed in accordance with these descriptions The articles are the responsibility of the authors and therefore DECUS and Digital Equipment Corporations assume no responsibility or liability for articles or information appearing in the document It is assumed that all articles submitted to the editor of this newsletter are with the authors permission to publish in any DECUS publication The articles are the responsiblity of the authors and therefore DECUS Digital Equipment Corporation and the editor assume no responsibility of liability for articles or information appearing in the document The views herein expressed are
26. and unequal spacing between the letters 26 DECUS 1985 PC SIG PAGE 4 The designer wants to provide a uniform line justified at the right hand margin The appearance however is of a massive black block of text Consider the effect the sample from the Text3 Figure 8 has on one looking for help in moving a block of text Insert Figure 8 Here Notice how Figure 8 has the right hand margin justified while Figure 9 shows an unjustified right hand margin Insert Figure 9 Here The psychological impact of such an arrangement encourages feelings of progress Shorter lines mean that you can read more of the page in a shorter time than with justified format It also means less text per page so that you have less to scan in looking for the information you need In addition unjustified right hand margins eliminate the need to hyphenate a word at the end of the line Hyphenation forces the reader to hold a part of the word in memory until picking up the rest of it on the next line Figure 10 Insert Figure 10 Here If the reader accidentally skips a line the rest of the word becomes a full word and not the end of a hyphenated one Another element in horizontal spacing is that with unjustified right margins you are not obliged to start a sentence at the end of a line breaking a syntactic unit when the space runs out see Figure 11 Insert Figure 11 Here The designer determines line length by the syntactic units so that the re
27. command You can move any amount of text You shade the text you want to move using the Word Sentence Line Paragraph Page File and arrow keys However the File key is not recommended Any marks within the text are moved with the text The text you move is temporarily saved along with its format in the TEMP file The TEMP file holds one block of text at a time Therefore when you move or copy text SAMNA replaces the contents of the TEMP file If you want to save text stored in the TEMP file after you finish moving or copying give the TEMP file another name The text is now safely in the file with the new name You can display and edit the TEMP file 69 61 L Wanda 1uoo A u YUM 911 ur Apajes MOU SI 1X9 911 1911016 AWAL 911 AI8 Surkdoo 10 Buou ysu 3339 213 DIAL uj PAJE 1 2 He jou 51 ay 3ursn shay moe pue Beg ude1sereg eurT aouajuas ay Sursn 0 3X9 all 3 jo AUR JEULIOJ YIM 3 2 Jo 1591 911 pue 1 9 Mau 3 p o 343 1X9 1 jt SB 4001 juaumoop INOA 3 paojs dy 1 91 119511 no
28. for LASO and LA100 printers in the graphics mode Note FPRINT also supports LA34 printers The documentation appears to be quite good but as of this writing and because the requirement went away FEDIT and FPRINT have yet to work on this writer s system SEDT ARC Version 1 1 18 SEDT is a multi purpose editor for the Rainbow It is a Screen oriented EDiTor which can be set up to look like either EDT or WPS If you are used to the keypad features of EDT this editor is a MUST NOTE This writer recommends that you install the BOOT also called ENVBOOT package see the MS DOS SYS STUFF diskette to use SEDT on hard disk SEDT requires additional SET parameters which can easily exceed the allowable MS DOS environment space ADDITIONAL NOTE This writer has also found it useful to use the TXT files in his EDT version of SEDT in place of the EDT files They have therefore been included in this particular ARC file The Gold Command selection for example allows the use of the Rainbow s EXIT key F10 to exit and save the file being edited B PC Pub SIG Roadmap Session Page 9 lic Domain Software for the Rainbow The MISCelaneous CP M Diskette The following is breakdown of what is contained on this diskette Included are verbose listings of the various ARC files and comments the sub files themselves Executable images files with a CMD or COM extension will for the most part run on the Ra
29. four computer determined compression formats with the grouping potential of Library Type ARC lt CR gt for instructions or read the DOCs ASMGEN ARC Version 2 01 8086 8087 8088 file DIS assembler MUST program for fix it vourselfers Take an executable image ASMGEN it make the changes you want reassemble it and run it Note Because this user is not a programmer he can only repeat what ASMGEN is SUPPOSED to do ASMGEN has NOT been tested on his system BACK ARC Version 1 0 Use with DOWN EXE see below BACK allows movement UPward through sub directories one level at a time Hint Rename this one B COM for speed CHMOD ARC Version Unknown Displays or changes a file s DOS modes CLK ARC Version Unknown Digital clock for the Rainbow Hit EXIT 510 to quit COVER ARC Version Unknown Prints directory listings for compact storage with floppies This version of COVER however does not always on the Rainbow particularly on the 100A CV ARC Version Unknown Creates and changes Volume Labels Can be used with MS DOS Version 1 1 diskettes DIRTREE ARC Version 2 10 Gives a schematic representation of a disk s directory structure in the form of a sideways tree Can be used with many options Requires MS DOS Version 2 0 or higher DIS ARC Version 3 0 A handy DIrectory Sorting program Type DIS to get a sorted listing of the directory including total filespace b
30. original location WRITE puts il in the block buffer Then move the cursor to the new location and press F6 WRITE brings in a copy of the block in the block buffer and i inserts it at the cursor location again the block remains in the buffer A ami For example suppose you want to move the prepared by section of the annual report so that it appears on the financial statement page of the annual report Press Home and then the down arrow to move to the line Prepared by Label the section by pressing F5 and then press the Enter key five times The screen looks like this pas open t M ot Page Men Next move the cursor to the financial statement on i page 3 using the down wai YIN arrow or PgDn key Insert 6 blank lines so that the words Financial Statement appear at the top of page 4 Page 4 now looks like this ty Seite LI siegt B i f 67 Sd queat pua Mel M RU TP t d amp tomts Persie 842 000 2 453 000 M 9 279 000 Milan 3 7 219 000 lao bad 317 909 11 904 ton Q 1 141 006 3 000 13 797 000 6 310 900 Det ari LAS A P RE fil FIGURE 3 Texti Input Response gt KK E gt a Sensory Pattern Short Long Filter Selection store recognition term term memory memory FIG
31. out and more than 180 files wound up cross linked UNDEL COM therefore has been removed from this ARCive UNIXUTIL ARC Version s Unknown A set of UNIX like utilities for use under MS DOS CAT concatenates a list of files or list of directories for normal or redirected output FGREP searches through a list of files or list of directories for specified text strings LIST produces a directory listing in any of several formats of files or lists of files TAIL displays the last n lines of a file or list of files and WC counts words or lines in a file or list of files The MV utility moves files or lists of files from place to another MV differs from COPY in that MV deletes the original file after it has been copied Use MV therefore with caution SEARCH can be used to search a directory or set of directories to match a file or set of files Once matched the entries may be output moved MVed copied or deleted or the entries attributes may be changed An extremely powerful utility use SEARCH with even more caution than MV Note Each of the UNIX utilities accepts wildcards and work just as well on single or multiple directory listings Additional Note The MV utility does not always behave as expected particularly when using wildcards There may also be some difference in behavior in MV s usage on Rainbow 100A and 100B models VDIR xxx Version s Unknown THIS NOTE IS INDENDED AS A WARNING
32. preferences e Simple interface reduces confusion and retraining e Protects data by ensuring back ups are done Benefits to Department Managers catt tI c 9 Increases productivity by transferring VAX data to personal computer without paper chases or re keying of data Ensures that your staff can access the most current data Automatically makes sure that your Staff has file back ups Sit e Offers flexibility in planning growth e Establishes low cost linking standard e Offloads VAX of personal tasks 4 THN ett LE A 1 gem NE m J GC caa s e Satisfies users software needs without your support e Built in help keeps your users productive without your support e Provides automatic back up to VAX as inexpensive alternative to streaming tape drives Benefits to System Managers e Simple but powerful solution Needs no special hardware Single simple interface for both VAX and Rainbow reduces training and support e Provides data base access to users while you retain control 9 Offloads mail creation editing display and filing to maximize host performance e Supports all Digital mail products with no conversion improves load distribution and minimizes comm cost through automatic scheduling
33. removed from the document and added to the paste buffer Type GOLD SEL KP Observe the diamond select mark and the Cumulative message at the bottom of the screen 3 Position the cursor one position beyond the last character of the text to be cut and press CUT The paste buffer now contains both sections of text in the order that they were cut FIGURE 14 cont 60 1 JUL 84 Edit Functions 6 11 CETERE Aa es NU IVIAATN JU AL WS 200 EDITOR 6 4 4 3 To Add Copied Text to the Paste Buffer 1 Perform a regular Copy operation on the first section of text This will replace the previous contents of the paste buffer with the new text 2 Position the cursor over the first character of the second section of text to be copied and added to the paste buffer Type GOLD SEL Observe the diamond select mark and the Cumulative message at the bottom of the screen 3 Position the cursor one position beyond the last character of the text to be copied and type GOLD CUT KP The paste buffer now contains both sections of text in the order that they were copied 6 4 5 THE PASTE COMMAND This command is used to insert text placed into the paste buffer with Cut or Copy Commands at any location in any document Text that has been copied or cut can be pasted multiple times and remains in the paste buffer until a new Copy or Cut function is executed or until you change Document Directories or exit MASS 11 6 4 5 1 Bas
34. spreadsheet Your Choice of Applications from One Simple Men feni ee 0 ee te ce AIT Personal Computer Applications Plus Transparent VAX Communications on One Menu Ata ktr n aec AA Ro dad Mur nk sni Tue oll Two character command connects user to host and logs in e Communications script can handle access procedures e Password kept secure through software encryption Transparent VAX Communications Connect to ALL IN 1 Office Information Systems from workstation menu No re orientation necessary ta users of ALL IN 1 e Menus consistent with other Digital Office Workstation menus a n na ma R Transparent VAX Communications TRES e m mtu Som ee Di A TE EN si wama vei epe s 19 ax IAE FR 00 E 5 eer ls Se fae mert tm m ER ss D DESTRO Caes er sum e Connect to DATATRIEVE using menus e Convert DATATRIEYE extracts into Rainbow MS DOS farmats automatically BIF SYLK ASCII e Analyze with any MS DOS spreadsheet without re keying t oe 5 3 toT A lt d roz k Sg ARTI m Tx 7 ki i mom AM et
35. those of the authors and do not necessarily express the views of DECUS or Digital Equipment Corporation
36. transfer program Like the preceeding programs however this is another which has not been tested PICTS ARC Version s Unknown LA50 portraits from various places we ve come to know and love BC POGO and TWEETY are from their respective Comic Strips GROUCHO of course is Groucho Marx SALTGIRL of course is the Morton Salt Girl and PARADOX I m still trying to figure out SD ARC Version 4 3 Super Directory program particularly useful with files under more than one or two users SOURCES ARC Version s Unknown The EX02 files are graphics test source files from DEC Engineering REBOOT was written by Stan Wileman as first step in solving the 100A hard disk upgrade semi autoboot difficulties see Strangers in Paradise by T A Brantigan pp 8 9 in the PLUS section of The DEC Professional February 1985 PC SIG Roadmap Session P Page 10 ic Domain Software for the Rainbow SQUEEZE ARC Version s 1 5 Early versions of Dick Greenlaw s SQueezer and UnSQueezer the DOCs are dated 08 29 81 A file which should have been included FLS COM was not available SWEEP ARC Version 3 8 Everyone s favorite CP M file transfer utility TY ARC Version 1 7 A file typing utility which displays the output one screen at a time Rename the file TY put it in USER 0 give it system attributes and use it all over the place Works great The COMMunicationS Diskette The following is a breakdown of wh
37. we read this page looking for information Insert Figure 1 Here Technical manuals for computer users are not text in the same sense that a novel or newspaper story is text Readers of manuals are interested in random access of information not reading from beginning to end They read these manuals differently than they might other forms of nonfiction prose Many computer companies Digital included recognize this situation and normally prepare two documents or two sections in one document One section is to be read through completely by the user the Getting Started section the other is for random access the Reference Manual or User s Guide For a better understand why writers must keep their readers in mind let me turn to how we read how we process the information from the printed page Information Processing If we can assume that communication changes uncertainty we can become better communicators if we know how that change occurs how a reader processes the text that leads to a response Figure 2 shows the stages through which the material passes during processing Insert Figure 2 Here Sensory Store A stimulus enters the reader s mental system through the eye It is temporarily stored before moving to the next stage The processing at this stage involves page layout and design typography foregrounding and line see Appendix A for a list of design variables Consider how easily the eye can pick up the stimulus fr
38. 02 04H 02 08 OAH 16H 20H MS DOS FILE STRUCTURE DESCRIPTION OF ATTRIBUTES 82 MEANING READ ONLY FILE HIDDEN FILE SYSTEM FILE CHANGEABLE WITH CHGMOD VOLUME ID SUB DIRECTORY HARD ATTRIBUTES FOR FINDENTRY ARCHIVE BIT BYTES 00 07H 08 0AH OBH OC 15H 16 17H 18 19H 1A 1BH 1C 1FH MS DOS FILE STRUCTURE DIRECTORY ENTRY 83 FIELD DESCRIPTION FILENAME EXTENSION ATTRIBUTES RESERVED TIME OF LAST WRITE DATE OF LAST WRITE STARTING CLUSER FILE SIZE IN BYTES TRK SEC 0 1 MS DOS FILE STRUCTURE ON DISK ALLOCATION RXS0 DISKETTE BOOTSTRAP LOADER 1ST COPY OF FILE ALLOC TABLE FAT 2ND COPY OF FILE ALLOC TABLE FAT ROOT DIRECTORY 128 ENTRIES DATA AREA FILES o 84 MS DOS V2 05 DIGITAL ADDED FEATURES IN MS DOS V2 05 INCLUDE SUPPORT FOR WINCHESTER DISKS EXTENDED COMMUNICATIONS SUPPORT RAM DISK MDRIVE READ IBM 8 9 SECTOR SINGLE SIDED MEDIA BACKUP RESTORE UTILITY HARD FORMAT DISKETTES RDCPM READ CP M DISKETTES UTILITY MS DOS V2 11 TIMELY OPERATING SYSTEM UPDATE ENHANCEMENT NEW FEATURES IMPROVED INTERNATIONAL CAPABILITIES CORRECTS PREVIOUS BUGS MINI EXCHANGE SUPPORT FOR DEVICE SHARING PRINTERS AND MODEMS BETWEEN MULTIPLE USERS SETPORT COMMAND TO PROGRAM COMM PORT AND SET UP AND MODIFY DEC SERIAL PRINTERS FROM THE KEYBOARD WITH SIMPLE COMMANDS 8 BIT CHARACTER SUPPORT INTERNATIONAL CHARACTER GENERATION USE
39. 5 4 Floppy Dis PREPOSITIONS 53 21 37 37 76 38 33 194 79 39 kettes FILES 11 Format e Enter quantity no more than 9 COMMENT CONTENT 53 68 58 72 52 99 57 56 97 85 Enter corresponding dollar amount on appropriate line ri Enterlibrary program amount due and place on line D TO BE S 30 24 12 11 6 16 11 16 44 1 4 PREPOSITIONS 2 3 2 2 3 3 1 2 4 1 1 PRE SYMPOSIUM SEMINAR TRANSITIONS 20 72 9 29 7 27 12 9 37 7 7 Enter code number for first second and third choices see pages 15 52 for code description TH OPENERS 9 11 9 24 21 15 4 21 l6 7 0 Enter pre symposium seminar amount due 195 and place on line E VAGUENESS 14 0 4 1 3 1 5 0 2 2 0 3 0 5 0 6 1 3 0 3 INVOICE FORM TOTAL SHORT 30 44 45 35 21 27 58 43 22 69 66 e Add lines A and other product lines B C D and E and place total amount due on line LONG SENT 15 1i 0 0 0 8 0 0 22 2 0 e By signing this form you agree to abide by the Canons of Conduct listed on the reverse side of the PROBLEMS NOTED 3 4 7 1 15 1 3 22 13 1 invoice form __ oO Credit Card Customers Mastercard Visa D Diners Club Carte Blanche e Check appropriate credit card box and enter credit card number and expiration date Mail To DECUS Symposium Administration 219 Boston Post Road 2 Marlboro MA 01752 10 TEXT10 Control Text 68 69 Rainbow MS DOS Session P034
40. 85 PC SIG PAGE 6 very high percentage 98 5 of basic sentences or that basic sentence with a short opener Christensen Basic does not mean primer sentences See Dick run Organization Meaning also comes through patterns of organization Suppose you wanted to list ten keystrokes that a user needs to move text around in a document You could prepare a numbered list with the lower numbered steps being more important than the higher numbered steps or sequentially proceeding to the higher numbered statements You could instead of using numbers use letters A B C and D But what if you used none of these That you listed one step before another tells the reader that that step was prior to the next one But what if in putting the keystrokes together they get somewhat jumbled The reader is left to impose an order that may or may not be correct Selection The third stage is pattern selection When we read a computer manual we read it to find specific information I need to know how to move text in my document Because moving text is not a frequent occurrence for me I don t remember all the commands to use So I consult the manual My success or failure depends how easily I can access the specific information The semantic meanings may be there but other factors may prevent my getting the information such as layout and design and readability With these points as background leet me now turn to access of text ACCESS TO T
41. 9 Provides shared print and comm services to users 614 i Benefits to Users Ts ie A Add VAX resources and power but keep the personal computer software you already know 9 Access all personal computer applications and VAX resources from one fast menu system Share data easily Move latest VAX data into your favorite personal computer application automatically The Rainbow Office Workstation in the Office Environment eR Myriam n ma cam TWO qa MIRA e Interface consistent with ALL IN 1 9 Provides generic ALL IN 1 functions locally 9 integrates industry standard software and ALL IN 1 Benefits to Users Ttc 7 fade i o ww Be a user nct a computer expert 9 Perform complicated functions transparently by simple menu commands Use the same text editor for word processing and mail editing Share expensive peripherals 9 Have backups of data performed automatically after hours The Rainbow Office Workstation in the Engineering Organization ts 9 Highly productive low end workstation for engineers 9 Four software slots in user shell may be loaded with any desired MS DOS applications 9 Performs decision support word processing and electronic mail locally 8LL The Rainbow Otfice Workstation in the Engineering Organization A
42. AMILY o OTHER TERMINALS 97 Poly BSC 3270 Poly BSC RJE 3270 COMMUNICATIONS BISYNC CONTROL UNIT WITH ONE DISPLAY ONE PRINTER SCREEN TO DISK PRINTER o DISK TO HOST o DIAGNOSTIC FACILITIES o 9600 BPS OPERATION 2780 3780 COMMUNICATIONS o 9600 BPS OPERATION DIAGNOSTIC FACILITITES MULTIFILE TRANSMIT o RECEIVE TO PRINTER OR DISK o PRE DEFINE QUEUES 98 3278 COAX EMULATION 1000 IRMALINE A C 1 B INTERLYNX 3278 MC 80 900 PROTOCOL CONVERTERS AVATAR TECHNOLOGIES DIGITAL COMMUNICATIONS ASSOC BLACK BOX LOCAL DATA INNOVATIVE SINGLE TERMINAL CLUSTER CONTROLLER EMULATION SNA P MODEMS PLUS o PROGRAMMABLE INTERFACE INCAA COMPUTERS TRANSLATOR 3270 CLUSTER CONTROLLER EMULATION TRANSLATOR DATALYNX 3274 HYDRA II PCII76 PC1171 A S 3 MC 80 600 MC 800 RENEX LOCAL DATA DIVERSIFIED DATA RESOURCES PROTOCOL COMPUTERS INC PROTOCOL COMPUTERS INC BLACK BOX INNOVATIVE INNOVATIVE 99 5251 COMMUNICATIONS RT51 PCI151 PQ 4 B MC 8051 PROTOCOL CONVERTERS Cont RENEX PROTOCOL COMPUTERS BLACK BOX INNOVATIVE 100 OTHER CONNECTIONS HONEYWELL GRTS AIR LAND SYSTEMS SPERRY U100 AIR LAND SYSTEMS NCR SW COMPUTER SYSTEMS SPERRY UNISCOPE CHI KAUFMAN BURROUGHS POLL SELECT BLACK BOX HEWLETT PACKAGE COMMUNICATIONS RESEA
43. According to the San Francisco HELPLINE run by Guy Stefano Romano there is a program the public domain called VDIR which apparently contains a worm During the check out of VDIR the worm intentionally seeks out the hard drive where it installs itself for hibernation And after waking from its sleep the worm sets out to destory files ata not so leisurely pace VDIR therefore should be avoided at all costs PC SIG Roadmap Session Page 6 Public Domain Software for the Rainbow WHEREII ARC Version 1 3 newer supposedly faster version of WHEREIS COM It is a little different but I m not sure it s any faster But with more than 600 files on this user s hard drive it is very difficult to tell The SYS STUFF Diskette The following is a breakdown of what is contained on this diskette Included are verbose listings of the various ARC files and comments on the sub files themselves Executable images files with a EXE or COM extension will run on the Rainbow under MS DOS version 2 11 The ARC files were produced using the ARC utility version 4 10 which is contained on the UTILS i diskette Comments are those of the originator of this diskette and do not necessarily reflect the comments or opinions of DECUS BOOT ARC Version 2 4 These files are a MUST for the Rainbow 100A or for users with a hard disk which has CP M and MS DOS partitions AUTO running TOE allows 100A CP M users to
44. E DETECTION GENERATION RS 422 ELECTRICAL INTERFACE CLOCK SUBSTITUTION FOR CRC COMPLETION DB 9 CONNECTOR ADDRESS ASSIGNMENTS ESOS OMEN PORT DESCRIPTION PORT READ WRITE 20 PORT B COMM CONTROL STATUS 60 67 COUNT amp ADDRESS BASE amp CUR ADD 21 PORT B CLOCK GENERATOR 68 DMA STATUS REG COMMAND REGISTER 22 DMA INTERRUPT CLEAR 69 REQUEST REGISTER 23 OPTION RESET 6A SINGLE MASK REGISTER BIT 28 7201 CH A DATA 6B MODE REGSITER 29 7201 CH B DATA 6C CLEAR BYTE POINTER F F 2A 7201 CH A CMD STATUS 6D 15 REGISTER MASTER CLEAR 2B 7201 CH B CMD STATUS oF ALL MASK REGISTER BITS 901 OPERATING SYSTEM SUPPORT o ASYNCHRONOUS o COMM PRINTER XCOM B PORTS o PRIMITIVE PROTCCOL SUPPORT o MULTI LEVEL INTERFACE MULTI LEVEL INTERFACE o TASK LEVEL o ISR USER EXIT o DEVICE INTERRUPT PROTOCOL SUPPORT NONE ASSUMED o OPTIONAL XON XOFF o OPTIONAL LIMITED MODEM CONTROL TASK LEVEL INTERFACE SAME SUPPORT FOR MS Dos CP M 86 80 CCP M o OPTIONAL USER SUPPLIED BUFFER o ALTERNATE XON XOFF CHARACTER 901 TASK LEVEL CONTROL CALLS o REPROGRAM 7201 o RESET RECEIVE CHARACTER BUFFER o SET MODEM STATUS o START STOP BREAK TASK LEVEL STATUS CALLS o READ DEVICE SETUP INFO o GET INPUT STATUS o GET OUTPUT STATUS o GET MODEM STATUS TASK LEVEL 1 0 CALLS o GET INPUT CHARACTER PENDED IMMEDIATE o OUTPUT CHARACTER PENDED IMMEDIATE o OUTPUT CHARACTER IMMEDIATELY INTERRUPT SERVIC
45. E LEVEL INTERFACE o USER EXIT ORIENTED o AT BEGINNING XMIT OR END RCV OR ISR o SELECTIVE CONTROL ZOL ISR INTERFACE CALLS o SET RESET RECEIVER INTERRUPT SERVICE o SET RESET TRANSMITTER INTERRUPT SERVICE o SET RESET STATUS CHANGE INTERRUPT SERVICE DEVICE LEVEL YOU RE THE BOSS INTERFACE Rainbow Office Workstation Session P037 by Personal Computing Systems Group Digital Equipment Corporation 108 601 mi n a riri ar n E me se Personal 5 Computer VAX Systems o Chokes System Solutions and Innovation and Performanc Personal Computing Characteristics e User chooses from wide array of innovative software e User works at own pace e Equipment is inexpensive and easy to use But the user works in isolation FL sa BARIN 1 an Rainbow Workstations Link Rainbow Personal Computers to VAX Computer Systems Multi User System Characteristics The User is part of a system 9 Users share common current information Powerful resources available like DATATRIEVE and ALL IN 1 Communications networks link users together Galeways access mainframes and other info resources But has no independence if Rainbow Workstations The best of both worlds e Personal computer flexibility e Large system communications power data access Without compro
46. EXT Random access of information is made possible by such devices as titles headings subheadings running heads and numbering systems Of these the two most important are headings and subheadings and numbering systems Headings Subheadings Because readers of computer manuals do not read sequentially retaining and sifting the information as needed they must find the relevant sections Indexes and tables of contents all help but they only get the reader to the page rarely indicating where on the page to find the information Once having located the page in the manual the reader must find the particular section If the writer uses headings they should allow rapid access to the information They should combine with typographical access structures italic bold roman size caps and lower case see Appendix to prove distinctive enough for quick access Positioning the element is also important Is it in the margin Embedded Centered Finally the heading s 29 DECUS 1985 PC SIG PAGE 7 content should be helpful providing information rather than a generic label see Figures 12 13 and 14 Insert Figures 12 13 and 14 Here RR Figure 12 shows a page with no headings to break out the steps Figures 13 and 14 show good use of headings but in the case of Figure 14 a poor use of numbering and use of generic headings Basic Concepts The second access device is a numbering system that ind
47. G THE INPUT TO THE SUBSEQUENT COMMAND E G DIRISORT o I 0 RE DIRECTION ALLOWING INPUT OUTPUT FROM TO FILES OR ALTERNATE DEVICES E G DIR gt DIR DIR SORT lt DIR DIRODIR SRT PRINT DIR SRT MORE ADVANCED FEATURES o USER DEFINABLE COMMAND PROMPTS o DATE AND TIME STAMPED FILES o SPECIAL EDITING KEYS WHICH ALLOW LIMITED EDITING OF COMMANDS RECALL LAST COMMAND ETC o FULL PRINTER SPOGLING UP TO 10 JOBS IN QUEUE POWERFUL BATCH PROCESSING WHICH ALLOWS PARAMETER PASSING ERROR TRAPPING EXECUTION CONTROL VIA LOGICAL OPERATIONS FOR DO IF TERMINATE AND REMAIN RESIDENT SYSTEM CALL ALLOWS LIMITED MULTI TASKING VIA INTERRUPT SERVICE ROUTINES E G PRINT SPOOLER 80 TYPICAL MS DOS MEMORY MAP EXTERNAL COMMAND UTILITY OR APPLICATION LOADABLE DEVICE DRIVERS E G MDRIUE SYS aum cnn nm cum cuo cum 00 400 GUB GU CUR Gu 4UD GU CUP MED GND GEM GED GE aaa GU QUID amo amo GU eum emm 0000 0000 THE RESIDENT PART OF COMMAND COM CONTAINS INTERRUPT HANDLERS FOR INT 22H TERMINATE ADDRESS INT 23H CTRL C EXIT AND INT 24H FATAL ERROR ABORT ADDRESS PLUS THE CODE TO RELOAD THE TRANSIENT PART OF COMMAND COM WHICH CONTAINS THE COMMAND INTERPRETER BATCH PROCESSOR AND THE CODE FOR INTERNAL COMMANDS E G COPY DIR ETC IO SYS CONTAINS ALL RESIDENT SYSTEM DRIUERS 81 VALUE 01
48. H FILE AUTOEXEC BAT WHICH IF FOUND WILL AUTOMATICALLY BE INVOKED BY COMMAND COM AT STARTUP AUTOEXEC BAT CAN BE USED TO FURTHER CUSTOMIZE THE SYSTEM BY DEFINING DEFAULT PATHS SWITCHING THE DEFAULT DRIVE AND OR INVOKING YET ANOTHER USER SUPPLIED PROGRAM WHICH MAY PERFORM ANY OTHER TASKS DESIRED BY THE USER AT STARTUP IF NO APPLICATION OR UTILITY PROGRAM IS RUNNING COMMAND COM IS THE ACTIVE TASK WAITING FOR YOU TO ENTER A COMMAND WHEN COMMAND IS ENTERED COMMAND COM VALIDATES IT LOADS THE PROGRAM REQUIRED AND TRANSFERS CONTROL TO IT WHEN THE PROGRAM TERMINATES CONTROL IS GIVEN BACK TO 0 5 WHICH RELOADS COMMAND COM AND GIVES IT CONTROL MS DOS IS VERY FLEXIBLE WHEN IT COMES TO DEFINING THE USER INTERFACE ALL COMMANDS ARE PROCESSED BY COMMAND COM USING THE FOLLOWING ALGORITHM 1 CHECK INTERNAL COMMAND TABLE 2 CHECK CURRENT DIRECTORY FOR EXECUTABLE PROGRAM COM EXE 3 CHECK CURRENT DIRECTORY FOR BATCH FILE BAT 4 CHECK OTHER DIRECTORIES AS SPECIFIED BY PATH AND REPEAT STEPS 2 amp 3 FOR EACH DIRECTORY COMMAND COM IS SHELL WHICH BE REPLACED BY THE USER IN CONFIG SYS 79 ADVANCED FEATURES UNIX STYLE TREE STRUCTURED DIRECTORIES SUB DIRECTORIES o UNIX STYLE FILTERS COMMANDS THAT TAKE INPUT TRANSFORM IT IN SOME WAY THEN OUTPUT IT E G SORT MORE FIND UNIX STYLE PIPING ALLOWING MULTIPLE COMMANDS ON A SINGLE COMMAND LINE THE OUTPUT OF ONE COMMAND BECOMIN
49. ITEL DECMINI is Tom Jenning s miniature version of TELINK for the Rainbow The DOCs are great and the EXE is probably great but as of this writing the full power of DECMINI has yet to be explored by this user Note According to Guy Stafano Romano of the San Francisco HELPLINE one of the earlier versions of DECMINI Version 3 0 contained a substantial number of bugs In what little testing of DECMINI this writer has done whatever bugs were there are gone from Version 3 2 10 Roadmap Session Page 11 lic Domain Software for the Rainbow DIALER ARC Version of 2 August 1985 brand new version of Doug Brantley s Rainbow Dialer program RBDIALER 18 an extremely useful program Help is built in with the automatic inclusion of DIAL HLP the HLP and the COM files MUST be in the same directory but the creation of a default phone number list has been left to the user s discretion On startup RBDIALER looks for default file named DIAL NBR If the default file is not found the user is asked if he she wants to create it With no response the user 15 then asked for an alternative filename carriage return CR brings you to the main menu Helpful Hints If you are a general purpose FIDO Board user rename FIDO NBR DIAL NBR FIDO NBR which was part of the package originally obtained by this writer is sequential list of the FIDO boards BBDs 1 40 If you are a Rainbow
50. ITY COMMANDS CHKDSK D CHKDSK E DISKCOPY D D DISKCOPY B DISKCOPY FC lt FILE1 gt lt FILE2 gt FC NEWFILE TXT OLDFILE TXT FORMAT 0 5 1 Fr FORMAT B FORMAT B S FORMAT B I SCANS THE DIRECTORY SPECIFIED DISK FOR ERROR SCANS HARD DISK DIRECTORY COPIES ENTIRE CONTENTS TO DISK DUPLICATES DISK IN A PERFORMS 1 DRIUE COPY COMPARES FILE CONENTS FORMATS DISKETTES INITIALIZES DISKETTE WITH MS DOS FILE FORMAT INITIALIZES DISKETTE WITH MS DOS FILE FORMAT AND COPIES OVER SYSTEM FILE HARD FORMATS DISKETTE 73 MORE ADVANCED CTTY lt DEV gt CTTY AUX MEDIACHK ON OFF PATH lt PATH1 gt lt PATH2 gt PATHN NUSERNJOE NB PATH PROMPT lt PROMPT TEXT gt PROMPT 9 PROMPT p 9g VERIFY ON OFF MS DOS COMMANDS CHANGES THE CONSOLE TERMINAL DEVICE CHANGES CONSOLE TO AUXILLARY PORT ENABLES OR DISABLES MS DOS PHYSICAL MEDIA CHECKING DISPLAYS MEDIA CHECKING STATUS DEFINES WHICH DIRECTORIES COMMAND COM SEARCHES WHEN PROCESSING EXTERNAL COMMANDS SEARCH ROOT JOE THEN DRIVE B IN THAT ORDER DISPLAYS CURRENT SEARCH PATH DEFINE CHANGE THE MS DOS SYSTEM PROMPT E G A gt CURRENT DRIVE 5 e g E gt CURRENT DIRECTORY gt 9 E NUSER CAUSES READ AFTER WRITE CHECK TO BE ENABLED DI SABLED DISPLAYS VERIFY ON OFF STATUS 74 MS DOS SUB DIRECTORIES TOO
51. OM TREE MORE ON MS DOS SUB DIRECTORIES SPECIFYING A PATH REQUIRES A SPECIAL SYNTAX BACKSLASH X PREFIXES PATH DIRECTORY A N ALONE SPECIFIES THE ROOT DIRECTORY PERIOD MEANS START AT THE CURRENT DIRECTORY e PERIODS MEANS START AT THE PARENT DIRECTORY ASSUMING THE DEFAULT SUB DIRECTORY HAS BEEN SET TO USERS YOU THEN THE DIR COMMANDS BELOW WILL YIELD THE FOLLOWING RESULTS DIR DIR DIR NSAUVED DIR ARCHIVE DIR N LISTS FILE IN YOU LISTS FILES NUSERS LISTS FILES IN NUSERSNSAUED NSAVED IS A SISTER DIRECTORY LISTS FILES IN NYOUNARCHIUE NARCHIUE IS CHILD DIRECTORY LISTS FILES IN ROOT DIRECTORY 77 HOW MS DOS WORKS WHEN MS DOS IS INITIALLY LOADED IT INSPECTS A SPECIAL FILE CONFIG SYS FOR INFORMATION AS TO HOW THE SYSTEM IS TO BE CONFIGURED IN CONFIG SYS THE USER MAY SPECIFY CERTAIN SYSTEM PARAMETERS TO CUSTOMIZE THEIR CONFIGURATION PARAMETERS WHICH MAY BE INCLUDED IN CONFIG SYS ARE BREAK ON OFF CONTROLS FUNCTION OF CTRL C FILES n NUMBER OF FILES OPEN AT ONE TIME DEFAULT 8 BUFFERS n NUMBER OF DISK CACHE BUFFERS DEFAULT 2 SHELL FILENAME COMMAND SHELL TO REPLACE COMMAND COM DEVICE FILENAME INCLUDE LOADABLE DEVICE DRIVER 78 USER WRITTEN DEVICE DRIVERS MS DOS ALLOWS ADDITIONAL DRIVERS DEVICE SUPPORT NON STANDARD DISKS PRINTERS ETC MDRIUE SYS RAM DISK INCLUDED NEXT MS DOS LOOKS FOR A SPECIAL BATC
52. PC SIG Roadmap Session Page 7 Public Domain Software for the Rainbow LOGIT110 ARC Version 1 10 A set of programs for management and tax purposes to keep track of your Rainbow s usage Equally adept with single or multi users LOGIT records virtually ALL keyboard entries which were made at the system level Easy to use documentation more than adequate SYSLOG ARC Version Unknown Another management tax purpose Rainbow usage program SYSLOG may work quite well on the Rainbow but as of this writing this user has not tried it SYS2SYS ARC The following is an individualized breakdown of the files contained in SYS2SYS ARC Included are verbose listings of the sub ARC files as well as comments on the individual files themselves AMEB6 ARC Version 0 7 1 AME86 EXE allows level 1 CP M files to be run under MS DOS It s supposed to work great on things like M BASIC programs compiled CP M FORTRAN 77 programs and less complex CP M commands like HELP but it does NOT as of yet work on programs that depend heavily on the internal structure of CP M i e communications programs such as Poly XFR and HST debuggers such as DDT86 device maintence programs such as STAT MAINT or FORMAT or file intensive programs such as MULTIPLAN 86 The documentation at first glance appears to be sub standard It was however written by Jean Marc Lugrin who was trying to write in what is to him a foreign language Deficiencies in the doc
53. RCH GROUP DATA GENERAL COMMUNICATIONS RESEARCH GROUP o POLY COM o MODEM o CROSSTALK o SMARTCOM o MOVE IT o TXL TELEX LINK o CTL COMPUTER TELEX LINK LAN CONNECTIONS o UNINET ETHERNET CONTROLLER o FUSION by NETWORK RESEARCH CORP o OMNINET by CORVUS 101 cot COMMUNICATIONS PROGRAMMING SUPPORT RAINBOW BASE COMMUNICATIONS PORT o OPERATING MODES 1 ASYNCHRONOUS t BYTE SYNCHRONOUS BIT SYNCHRONOUS INTERNAL OR EXTERNAL CLOCKING LOOPBACK FOR DIAGNOSTICS o BASE SYSTEM CAPABILITIES o EXTENDED COMMUNICATIONS OPTION o OPERATING SYSTEM SUPPORT BASE COMMUNICATIONS PORI o CHARACTER SET 5 TO 8 BIT CHARACTERS EVEN ODD NO PARITY o ERROR DETECTION VRC LRC CRC 60 BASE COMMUNICATIONS PORI o STANDARDS ADDRESS ASSIGNMENTS _ RS 232 FUNCTIONAL PORIZ DESCRIPTION ir 02 COMM CONTROL STATUS MODEM CONTROL 06 CLOCK GENERATOR PRIMARY amp SECONDARY SIGNALS 0E CLOCK SOURCE 40 7201 B DATA o HARDWARE 42 7201 B CONTROL STATUS 1 2 NEC 7201 SHARED WITH PRINTER PORT EXTENDED COMMUNICATIONS OPTION PRINTER PORT o 2 PORTS o DIFFERENCES o SYNCHRONOUS ASYNCHRONOUS IMPLEMENTED AS DCE o DMA SUPPORT SPEED ONLY TO 9600 o BASED ON NEC 7201 i INTEL 8237 RESI PORI AR HALF DUPLEX SUPERSET OF BASE COMM PORT TRANSMIT CLOCK 721 6 KHz DMA CAPABILITY DATA AND CLOCK LEADS DTE TRANSMIT CLOCK DEDICATED DMA CHANNELS IDLE LIN
54. S DOS VS PC DOS IBM THE BIOS REFLECTS THE HARDWARE IT IS RUNNING ON VIDEO KEYBOARD AND GRAPHICS VASTLY DIFFERENT SO MOST AVAILABLE APPLICATIONS CAN T RUN ON BOTH MACHINES BECAUSE THEY FONDLE THE HARDWARE DIRECTLY BYPASSING O S IBM 96TPI DISKETTES NOT AS DENSE AS RAINBOW 9 SECTOR TRACK VS 10 SECTOR TRACK RAINBOW MS DOS CAN READ WRITE IBM MEDIA IBM CAN T DO ANYTHING WITH RAINBOW MEDIA 86 Rainbow Communications amp Networking Solutions Session P036 by Personal Computing Systems Group Digital Equipment Corporation 87 COMMUNICATIONS ON THE RAINBOW HARDWARE FACILITIES OPERATING SYSTEM O APPLICATIONS SOFTWARE o PROTOCOL CONVERSION 88 HARDWARE FACILITIES STANDARD COMM PORT ASYNCHRONOUS SYNCHRONOUS 85 423 ELECTRICAL INTERFACE EXTENDED COMM OPTION o 2 PORTS ASYNCHRONOUS SYNCHRONOUS DIRECT MEMORY ACCESS RAINBOW VT102 EMULATION o USES SET UP SUPPORTS PRINTER SUPPORTS PRINT SCREEN 89 OPERATING SYSTEM SUPPORT APPLICATIONS SOFTWARE MSDOS 2 05 CP M 86 80 V2 o DEC CONNECTION o IBM CONNECTION o OTHER CONNECTIONS o GENERAL PURPOSE ASYNCHRONOUS o 3 PORTS SUPPORTED o 2 LEVELS OF SOFTWARE INTERFACES 90 91 OVERVIEW BENEFITS FEATURES CONFIGURATION DECnet Rainbow DNA PHASE IV END NODE ASYNC DDCMP COMMUNICATIONS PC TO LARGE SYSTEM CONNECTIONS WIDE AREA NETWORKING CAPABILITIES PC USE OF NETWORK RESO
55. URCES PROVIDES FOR DISTRIBUTED APPLICATIONS FILE TRANSFER REMOTE RESOURCE ACCESS NETWORK COMMAND TERMINAL TASK TO TASK COMMUNCATIONS NETWORK MANAGEMENT MS DOS V2 11 256K BYTES 64K FOR NETWORK DRIVER 100K BYTES DISK SPACE 12K BYTES NETWORK DISK DRIVER 92 DECnet Rainbow Cont FILE TRANSFER O BI DIRECTIONAL o WITH ANY MULTITASKING DECNET NODE O WITH IBM MAINFRAME o ONE STEP SERVICE REMOTE RESOURCE ACCESS o FILE ACCESS o VIRTUAL DISK o VIRTUAL PRINTER o SUBMIT COMMAND FILES NETWORK COMMAND TERMINAL o VT100 EMULATION o ONE STEP OPERATION TASK TO TASK COMMUNICATIONS o NETWORK STATUS FAULT ISOLATION INSTALLATION SETUP 93 DECnet Rainbow Cont DCS PRODUCTS SUMMARY POLY COM o A BASE TO BUILD ON o A NETWORKING SOLUTION PHONELINK o FULLY SUPPORTED BY DIGITAL Poly COM o VALUE ADDED VT100 TERMINAL EMULATION o ERROR FREE FILE TRANSFER o REMOTE PC OPERATION o DEVELOPED BY POLYGON ASSOCIATES 94 95 Poly TRM Poly XFR SWITCH Poly COM Cont VT100 EMULATION SEND CAPTURE ASCII FILES PRINTER SUPPORT USER DEFINED KEYS VT52 ANSI MODES ERROR FREE FILE TRANSFER DEC MINIS DEC SUPERMINIS DECSYSTEM 20 DECMATE II REMOTE PC OPERATION USE RAINBOW AS A HOST PHONELINK o COMMUNICATIONS WITH THE BRIDGE o FILE TRANSFER OTHER PRODUCTS KERMIT BLAST ACCULINK o SMARTCOM THE IBM CONNECTION o 2780 3780 o 3270 F
56. URE 2 Stages of an Information Processing Model Adapted from Reed Stephen K Cognition Theor Mea XOG 11 Publishing Company 1982 p 4 gt pplication Monterey Brooks Cole 45 44 7 Move the cursor to the second line under the date Then press F6 to duplicate the contents of the block buffer at the cursor position The beginning of the financial statement now looks like this Financial fteteaset 1002 Prepare ty Garth Close b r 113 Rate Street Pale Alte CHriorma tests t t in 3 421 004 comte eydis 02 00 121 635 008 Loos 3 119 4 2 219 009 DE wie tau tip If you want to move a block of text from one document to another you follow much the same procedure First label the block and remove it from the original document Then retrieve the second document and move the cursor to the location where you want to insert the block from the original document When the cursor is in place press F6 to insert the block at the specified location FIGURE 3 cont 46 MOVE A BLOCK For the next command select a sentence that has several lines preceding or following it from your practice file Mark this sentence with KB and KK so that it appears highlighted Now move the cursor a good distance away from the marked block in either direction Position the cursor in the line you would like your
57. ader can process the units as units and not as fragments Filter The stimulus is now filtered by both psychological and physical means Preconceptions can be called from long term memory and affect the stimulus as surely as the physical factors poor eyesight for example Some people have preconceived notions about computers and manuals so that their response to the signal will vary from that of another person who holds another view 27 DECUS 1985 PC SIG PAGE 5 Pattern Recognition The stimulus now enters pattern recognition Because communication transfers information and that transfer involves meaning the mind extracts that meaning from the word sentence and organization Word Semantic When we communicate each word conveys dual meaning that meaning found in any dictionary and that meaning associated with the word Rat for example has dictionary and associative meanings We may use technical terms our reader does not know For our reader to understand what we mean we much choose words that also occur in the reader s vocabulary or define them if they are vital to our meaning Sentence Syntactic Pattern recognition also extends to recognizing sentence patterns The predominate sentence pattern in English is the group of words with a subject a verb and often an object or complement Any of the elements may be multiple but each subject slot contains subjects verb slot verbs and object complement slot object
58. and are therefore different curves A computer graphics system should see curves as graphics primitives the positioning of these primitives being achieved by the usual transformations of translation rotation and scaling A second group of methods does treat curves as graphics primitives these being representations by a functional relationship between the curvature at any point on the curve and the arc length see 7 8 9 10 To obtain the curve on the graphics device some form of double integration is needed hence the restriction of such representation to linear curvature profiles The approach that we propose is intermediary between these two groups of methods We suggest that a natural way to represent a curve is to relate the direction the tangent at a point on the curve is pointing as the point progresses along the curve With this relationship the curve is simple to generate and is computationally efficient By using an appropriate spline representation the strain 16 energy of the curve can be minimized Angular Profiles Let s be the arc length of a curve measured from an initial point Pg At any point on the curve we can define a tangent vector u a normal vector v the curvature at the point and the angle 6 which the tangent makes with a given line We then have the Serret Frenet equations of a two dimensional curve namely du de Me cos6 116 2145 99 de kv sine ds 050 a and bud ds The relation
59. at is contained on this diskette Included are verbose listings of the various files and comments on the sub files themselves Executable images files with a EXE or COM extension will run on the Rainbow under MS DOS version 2 11 The files were produced using the ARC utility version 4 10 which is contained on the UTILS 1 diskette Comments are those of the originator of this diskette and do not necessarily reflect the comments or opinions of DECUS AC ARC Version Unknown An Area Code finder program written by Marty Smith AC can be used in several different formats Enter AC xxx where xxx is the Area Code or three letter state name enter AC and the two letter state postal abbreviation i e TX for Texas CA for California etc enter the one or two word state name i e AC California AC NewlJersey etc or enter AC for the full list of Area codes state names and state name abbreviations DAC ARC Version 1 5 A Dialer Address book and Calander utility with features similar to those of ALL IN ONE DAC is a menu driven program that was written by Jeffrey Miller Deceptively easy to use the heart DAC is an integrated database which is created the first time the program is run The database which consists of the four files MASTER DAT MASTER IXC MASTER IXN and MASTER IXD allow DAC to be used as an excellent vehicle for communicating person to person DECMINI ARC Version 3 2 Also known as MIN
60. b directories For proper usage type cd to get to the root directory then type HIDESEEK lt CR gt The rest of the program is self explanatory HISTORY ARC Version Unknown Rainbow specific program for MS DOS Version 2 0 or higher HISTORY lets you recall edit and execute previously entered command lines Session Page 3 n Public Domain Software for the Rainbow Note HISTORY can be turned ON or OFF at the users discretion Once turned on however this version of HISTORY is NOT compatible with Rainbow REGIS Additional Note HISTORY should be turned OFF before going into an editor or any key stroke intensive program which requires the use of the Help key Since HISTORY remembers what you have typed and since the Help key recalls previous entries the use of HISTORY inside various programs can be very confusing LU ARC Version Unknown Tom Jennings ubiquitous Library Utility Type LU lt CR gt for instructions NEWDAY ARC Version Unknown NEWDAY EXE is a painless way of setting the date when booting the system NEWDAY DAY is the current fix for version 2 11 Just make sure that both files are in the same directory when accessed from your AUTOEXEC BAT file NUSQ ARC Version 1 10 Newer UnSQueeze program 100 compatible with SQ EXE version 1 15 PCLASO ARC Version 1 0 A Rainbow specific screen oriented LA50 printer set up program PCLA5O allows the setting or re setti
61. boot directly to the hard drive AUTO by itself can be used as a CP M AUTOEXEC BAT file See Simplify Your Life with Autoload by Vanderwilt pp 7 9 in the PLUS section of The DEC Professional April 1985 The BOOT executables BOOT CMD and BOOT EXE allow users to boot back and forth between CP M and MS DOS partitions without having to resort to the earlier Set Up Control Set Up and reboot sequences I The documentation particularly when supplemented with the aforementioned article is more than adequate NOTE Caution will have to be be exercised when using these programs with the ENVBOOT package described below The filenames in one package or the other will have to be renamed For a variety of reasons this user found it easier to rename these BOOT commands i e BOOTDOS CMD and BOOTCPM EXE ENVBOOT ARC Version Unknown A MUST installation for users with complex MS DOS systems This BOOT package changes the allowable MS DOS environment space from a paltry 128 bytes to a much more acceptable 32 000 bytes The documentation is more than adequate Users are cautioned however that the AUTOEXEC BAT and CONFIG SYS files contained herein should be used as examples only As such ENVBOOT ARC should NOT be un ARC ed the user s BOOT directory ENVBOOT ARC should be un ARC ed in an unused directory the CONFIG SYS ENV and AUTOEXEC BAT can then be edited and copied in that order to the user s BOOT directory
62. cal possibilities of UNISURF In Computer Aided Geometric Design Academic Press 1974 127 152 Gordon W J and Reisenfeld B spline curves and surfaces In Computer Aided Geometric Design Academic Press 1974 95 126 Mehlum E curve fitting method based on a variational criterion Nordisk Tidskrift for Int Beh 4 1964 441 448 Mehlum E Nonlinear splines In Computer Aided Geometric Design Academic Press 1974 173 205 Mehlum E and Sorenson P F Example of an existing system in the ship building industry the AUTOKON system Proc Roy Soc London A321 1971 219 233 Nutbourne A W McLellan and Kensit R M W Curvature profiles for plane curves Computer Aided Design 4 1972 176 184 21 PUTTING THE READER BACK IN MANUALS COMPUTER MANUALS AND THE PROBLEMS OF READABILITY by Thomas L Warren Department of English Oklahoma State University Stillwater OK 74078 ABSTRACT common myth about aircraft is that the plane is ready to fly when the weight of the paper equals the weight of the aircraft The paperwork unfortunately includes manuals and other documents experience has unfortunately shown manuals confirm another generalization When all else fails read the manual The novice as well as the experienced user turns to manuals to answer questions and solve problems Various 800 numbers help but in the dark of the night only the manual is there This paper examine
63. ces with several clauses look and are hard to understand Understanding occurs when responses occur the reader understands when he or she can perform a task solve a problem or agree with someone on a situation among others Lee The availability of the material to the final stage of processing in forms that allow easy access is crucial to that understanding The various readability formulas are important because they give some insight into the form the signal takes when it enters final processing Now we can turn to some sample texts listed in Appendix B and evaluate their availability to the reader 30 DECUS 1985 PC SIG PAGE 8 ANALYSIS OF TEN TEXTS The various samples I have conform to some degree to the principles mentioned above 50 why all the fuss about unreadable manuals Certainly they need better layout and design to improve the random access of information But do they actually help the reader understand what to do For simplicity I analyzed the ten texts for readability and style What follows are the methods and discussion of that analysis Methods I selected one wordprocessing command to analyze Move a Block of Text I typed it into two text analysis programs 1 Grammatik and Comment on my 100 and 2 Readability Calculations on an IBM PC Grammatik and Comment analyze such factors as Content Index a measure of the information in a document see Appendix C number of to be verbs number o
64. cont E POWERS This is a re calculation of the original FLESCH formula It gives a score in the grade level range rather than an index but tends to grade much lower than other formulas in the higher grade ranges source for this formula is POWERS R D et al A Recalc ulation of Four Readability Formulas in JOURNAL OF EDUCA b b b b b b b b D b D b N N N PRESS Q to QUIT or ENTER to Continue M M M M M a ARI x The Automated Readability Index or ARI was developed in 1961 by Edgar Smith specifically for its ease of automation Unfortunately this general term has been adapted by several different formulas yielding differing results and confusion The ARI formula used in this program has been taken from KINCAID et al Derivation of New Readability Formulas Research Branch Report 8 75 CNTT Naval Air Station Memphis Millington TN February 1975 PRESS Q to QUIT or ENTER to Continue 42 irtriitititiiiitititiiitiitttfttitttttititiitttitiittittititfitttlti iit iii i 9 b D 5 NM DD YD WD 5 T 14 1 91 3 0 woJ4 amp 5423utod woj10g dol 6 28essoui 3utwojoj ayy 559141 IAOW 71x31 JO 241 1nd o NOK 3106
65. copy of the text The original text is unchanged 6 44 CUMULATIVE COPY AND CUT COMMAND Normally each time a Cut or Copy command is executed the previous text stored in the paste buffer is replaced by the text selected in the latest Cut or Copy operation MASS 11 also allows you to add to the text in the paste buffer without erasing the previous contents This is accomplished with a Cumulative command These operations are useful if you wish to copy several paragraphs located in different places in a document and then paste the combination elsewhere in the document or in another document Also since the contents of the paste buffer are preserved until you change Document Directories or exit MASS 11 text can be taken from several different documents and then pasted into new document 6 4 4 1 Basic Concepts In cumulative operations sections of text are cut out of the document in the order in which you want them to be added to the paste buffer They line up in the buffer one after the other single Paste command inserts them all into a document in the order in which they were selected first at the top and last at structuring and restructuring documents 6 4 4 2 To Add Cut Text to the Paste Buffer 1 Per orm a regular Cut operation on the first section of text This will replace the previous contents of the paste buffer with the new text 2 Position the cursor over the first character of the second section of text to be
66. d block to the current cursor position The remaining text will move up to fill the space left by the moved block The destination of your block may be anywhere in the text area between paragraphs or in the middle of a line Place the cursor wherever you want to move the block and press KV Here is an example The secuon text The section text which you mark lt B gt lt K gt moved where you macate XKXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX Before After The beginning and end markers move with the block and remain in the display After the move use KH to hide the markers both to remove the distrac tion from the screen and to protect against block commands typed inadvertently Place markers 0 9 in the marked block do not move with the block they remain at the block s former place When WordStar print control dot commands are within a marked block of text they move to the block s new location too If any of these commands are toggle switches check both the block and the block s previous location for matching pairs With KV characters move exactly as they are without any reformatting Use regular editing commands to make changes or corrections at the block s new location Use QV to position the cursor back at the beginning marker s location preVious to moving copying or
67. d by time size or name in either the forward or reverse direction TOUCH ARC Version Unknown TOUCH allows users to reset date and timestamps to the current date and time Global filenames are accepted but only from the default directory TREE ARC Version 1 1 replacement for what Version 2 11 forgot TREE draws the directory structure of the default disk drive for any MS DOS computer with a VTlxx compatible terminal TREEDIR ARC Version 1 0 A combination of TREE and DIR this program produces a listing of the files in each directory along with the date time and file size If the directory name is omitted the listing starts from the root directory Use TREEDIR lt CR gt to list the current directory PC SIG Roadmap Session Public Domain Software for the Rainbow Page 5 TY ARC Version Unknown TY can be used to extract or type files which have been stored in a compressed format using 30 see above or any of its variants If you SQueeze files at all this program is a must UNDEL ARC Version 2 0 Version 2 0 of an MS DOS UNDELete utility Although it was supposed to work in the root directory but NOT in subdirectories this version of UNDEL does not seem work in the root directory either Moreover after trying UNDEL at the root directory level something went wrong which ended up scrambling this user s File Allocation Table A dozen files were truncated a sub directory was completely wiped
68. e 4 ee M E Trig ARIS Dm mu T 1 H cmm ODE VOU Re Rt IRA a sat k Ka ri ART kr ore EE ELT C Eee e E e Connect to YAX as a terminal Sand and receive files easily with two character commands Electronic Postmaster e Send and receive mail at four pre selected mail runs or instantly Choose preferred text editor for mail e Edit mail locally to offload d Personal Computing Manager m Amar hei Weber On ae Lets up to 5 people share the same Rainbow Organizes data under a Cabinet Folder structure e Offers simple commands for manipulat personal computer files and directo Rainbow System Server REA cci 7 3886711 e Back up MS DOS personal computer files to the VAX routinely day or night Automatic and unattended or upon request e Smart backup sends only newly created or edited files Rainbow and VAX Work as One sas y APTN Y vArW a Manca Consistent User Interface Reduces training confusion and error vit Rainbow and VAX Work as One M 5
69. ed block do not move with it they remain at the place the block came from For an example of moving a column block see Figure 6 1 eem UN Come th pe 125000000 BB DDDDDDDD 9 nen endo Wess 9120913 et eet E Lad i t BB DDDDDDDD BB 120000600 BB DDDDDDDD pow set sq rgo 4 t wien H FIGURE 11 Text3 54 1514 SYOO 9919 yoojg Buoy Aq pe1edeJg BY uauj pue 55614 yoda jenuue ay jo eDed jueuiejels jepueuy ay uo 5189448 et os jenuue 16nq eui ureBe uoreoo 1051 9 18 suesul 9 jo uonoes pasedaid JUEM no esoddns ajdwexe 104 pue 1 jjnq xooIq y u eu jo ui sBuuq 3 55914 pue UOHEIO MOU JOSIND eui AYN x ojq eui 1 sind uoneoo A0UJ91 Jag esn pue ooiq eui Jeqe iieunoop JGUjOU UOJ E20 WOI 1X9 JO 9 4 fime t Pe IUBE C LINES RT USERS o 1514 SYOO MOU jo do y je
70. embedded it these rulers will also be stored in the paste buffer with the text If you paste the cut text into another location these rulers will be inserted into the document along with the cut text When you cut text with rulers from a document the last ruler which occurred in the cut text will be placed in the document at the point of the cut This will preserve the format of the text which remains in the document below the point of the cut FIGURE 15 Text8 1 JUL 84 Edit Functions 6 9 63 os WS 200 EDITOR _ 6 4 2 3 To Cut Text Out of Document 1 Position the cursor on the first character of the text to be cut 2 Press the SEL key Observe the diamond Select Marker 3 Using any of the cursor movement commands position the cursor one position past the last character to be cut 4 Press CUT KP to remove the text 6 4 3 THE COPY COMMAND This feature allows you to make a copy of any amount of text in a document Using the Paste command described later in this chapter you may then insert this text in another position within the same document or in another document within the same Document Directory Use this function to avoid having to retype identical text in several places in a document or in several different documents Use it also when you want to be absolutely sure that text which appears in one place is identical in every respect to text which appears in another place 6 4 3 1 Basic Concepts The o
71. esigned this formula specifically for machine scoring Rather than count syllables this formula counts letters per 100 words Letters can be counted by scanning devices such as optical character recognition scanners or even barcode read ers This would be especially helpful in measuring text which has already been typeset However there is no reason why a program such as this could not be incorporated into a word processing system to measure all words prior to typesetting Coleman Meri amp T L Liau A Computer Readability Formula Designed for Machine Scoring JOURNAL OF APPLIED PSYCHOLOGY Vol 60 1975 pp 283 284 PRESS 0 to QUIT or ENTER to Continue vw B MM b N M 9 9 9 JM bb DW Seed 38 DECUS 1985 PC CIG PAGE 16 Comments cont Xrtiittt itftiitiiti itititititittittfii ititittittttttitttittitlttt tttttrttftt i itt ttti it tt DALE CHALL Probably the most highly regarded formula in current use the Dale Chall formula uses an extensive list of 3000 words known to 80 of a sample of fourth graders This list is used in conjunction with sentence length and other factors in an equation which yields broad grade ranges Rather than at tempting to pin grade level to a month the Dale Chall scores cover two grades at a time The list of 3000 was developed in the 1940s is outdated and difficult to apply manual ly
72. f prepositions per sentence percentage of transitions use of Th openers for sentences vagueness number of short and long sentences and number of problems identified based on a phrase dictionary Barker Readability Calculations analyzes the text for nine readability formulas see Appendix C Dale Chall Holmquist ARI Flesch Kincaid Powers Fry Coleman and the Gunning Foq Index Micro Power amp Light Company Appendix C presents the results of analyzing nine computer manual instructions for moving a block of text four examples from WordStar four examples from other word processing programs and one new version of a word processing program plus a control text not from a word processing program manual Discussion We can note a number of unusual findings when examining the data First few of the readability formulas can agree on the level of the text The levels of Text9 range from 2 3 Fry and ARI to 9 5 Dale Chall suggesting that readability formulas may be statistically valid when looking at multiple samples using one formula but that range widely when looking at one text with several formulas This view is supported by looking at the actual readability scores before converting to grade level While having a Fog Index of 7 Text9 has a Flesch Reading Ease score of 88 that is described as easy and for 5th grade readers of pulp magazines see Appendix C 31 DECUS 1985 PC SIG PAGE 9 The Grammatik and
73. he Insert Here key Press the Return key Press the N key for No if you want SAMNA to insert the text with its stored format Press the Y key for Yes if you want SAMNA to insert the text with the current format Press the Return key 4300001111117 FIGURE 6 Text6 Helpful Information Text Procedures 7 Hold down the Ctrl key while you press the Insert Here key If you stored the text in a file Press the File key Type the name of the file unless you used the default file TEMP Press the Return key Samna asks Which format should be used Type Y to use the current format Type N to insert the stored format Will the text be inserted into the current displayed format Yes No N Is the text you are inserting a column Yes No N 8 Respond to these questions and press the Return key NOTE To move text with its original format you must save the text in a separate file 49 Copying a Format Line To copy a format line 1 Position the cursor immediately below the format line you want to copy 2 Press the Do key Press the C key for copy If you are storing the line in a separate file e Press the File key e Type the name of the file if you do not want to use the default file name TEMP e Press the Return key AD Move The text you move is deleted from its original location If you want to move a block of text and also retain it in the original file use the COPY
74. he contents of one paste buffer with newly cut or copied text however When you log off the contents and the names of the paste buffers are deleted If these buffers contain text that you plan to use frequently it is best to store that text in a glossary you need to paste text into a document in another directory or account it is best to use the split screen editing option See Chapter 9 Using Stored Text 6 4 5 3 To Paste Text into Document 1 Move the cursor to the position where you want to insert the text contained in the paste buffer Remember to leave space on either side of the cursor so that words do not run together when the new text is inserted You can insert a few extra spaces or Hard Returns on either side of the cursor before you paste in the new text then edit them out later if you wish 2 Press PASTE The contents of the paste buffer will be inserted into the document All text to the right of and below the original position of the cursor will be pushed down to make room for the new text The line endings of all text from the new insertion downward will be recomputed automatically There is no Cumulative Paste operation The same Paste command used for a regular Copy or Cut is used to paste the text added to the paste buffer with Cumulative Copy or Cut commands All text in the paste buffer is inserted with a Paste command regardless of how the text got into the paste buffer 6 4 5 4 Rule
75. ic Concepts Recalling the knife and paper example of Cut in the section above think of the Paste function as a scotch tape operation on a paper document To insert the text on the piece of paper you had cut out with your knife above you would make another cut in the document separating the page where you want to insert the cut text into two halves Using tape you would tape the cut text in between the two halves of the page you just separated to make it appear in the correct position in the document When you use the paste function MASS 11 does all the page separation work for you neatly inserting the contents of the paste buffer into the existing text then recomputing the line endings of all the text following the insertion to ensure that no holes appear in the document 6 4 5 2 Paste Buffers Up to ten paste buffers can be used in each directory you press RETURN at the Paste Buffer Name prompt the cut text will be stored in the MAIN buffer lf you want to use any of the other nine buffers you can enter a name up to ten characters When pasting you will be asked for the name of the paste buffer if more than one exists If you cannot remember the name press 7 RETURN and a list of the paste buffers will appear FIGURE 14 cont Eti Fundine 6 12 61 1 JUL 84 MASS 11 REFEKENCE MANUAL WS 200 EDITOR Once you have given names to the ten paste buffers during an editing session you cannot rename them You can replace t
76. icates the level of heading in combination with its position Numbering systems can be helpful when they do not get in the way what if you had to number headings subheadings to five levels EI A 1 a 1 or 1 1 1 1 1 or 111111 Such systems can be confusing especially if you have cross references in the manual reader looking for heading numbered 1023 page 17 32 might have problems If page and section numbers were commonly written 12 34 as were the figure and table numbers imagine the confusion in trying to crossreference See Figure 10 17 on page 10 12 Figure 15 demonstrates this point Insert Figure 15 Here LL uiu x s Understanding If all other elements layout and design spacing headings numbers contribute to helping readers get into the text all is lost if they do not understand the material Understanding is but one of three measures of a reader s access to the information At one level we have readability applying various formulae to passages to determine grade level then understanding and finally comprehension having the information become part of the person s database and permitting that person to draw inferences Mechanically at least readability can be influenced by the number of syllables and words per sentence On a different mechanical level readability can be influenced by the number of clauses groups of words that have subjects and verbs because senten
77. inbow under CP M 86 version 2 0 Users are cautioned however that some of the programs have NOT been tested by this author due to the limited size of his CP M system Files not tested have been noted below The ARC files were produced using the MS DOS ARC utility version 4 10 available on the MS DOS UTILS 1 diskette Files can be un ARC ed using this same utility and moved to CP M using the DOSFLX utility available on the MS DOS SYS STUFF diskette Owing to their complexity these files will probably not run under AME 86 but as of 12 Aug 85 this has not been tested Comments are those of the originator of this diskette and do not necessarily reflect the comments or opinions of DECUS AUTO C ARC Version Unknown AUTO written in C May be as good or better than AUTO CMD see BOOT ARC the SYS STUF Diskette As of this writing however AUTO C has not been tested BARGRAPH ARC Version Unknown Generate a BARGRAPH on the screen or on your printer from a file or from the keyboard Not yet fully tested BJACK ARC Version Unknown Blackjack i e the 21 card game for CP M Probably a great game but size limitations prevented BJACK CMD from running on this user s system DU ARC Version 7 5 very powerful CP M Disk Utility Probably excellent but as of this writing DU s full power has not been fully explored MODEM ARC Version Unknown A CP M 86 translation of Ward Christensen s famous
78. ith SEL is cut or copied until you change Document Directories or until you exit MASS 11 The amount of text that can be cut at one time is limited only by the disk quota allocated to your account by the System Manager 6 4 2 2 Rulers in Cut Text If the text you select has any rulers embedded in it these rulers will also be stored in the paste buffer with the text If you paste the cut text into another location these rulers will be inserted into the document along with the cut text When you cut text with rulers from a document the last ruler which occurred in the cut text will be placed in the document at the point of the cut This will preserve the format of the text which remains in the document below the point of the cut FIGURE 14 Text8 1 JUL 84 58 Edit Functions 6 9 MASS 11 REFERENCE MANUAL WS 200 EDITOR 6 4 2 3 To Cut Text Out of a Document 1 Position the cursor on the first character of the text to be cut 2 Press the SEL key Observe the diamond Select Marker 3 Using any of the cursor movement commands position the cursor one position past the last character to be cut 4 Press CUT KP to remove the text 6 4 3 THE COPY COMMAND This feature allows you to make a copy of any amount of text in a document Using the Paste command described later in this chapter you may then insert this text in another position within the same document or in another document within the same Document Directory Use this fu
79. ll not break out to MS DOS For a more complete description read the introductory statements in LOGIN ASM MSKERMIT ARC Version 2 26 KERMIT for MS DOS Between the DOC and UPD files this is one program which has been thoroughly documented Run MSKERMIT INI to initialize KERMIT for your Rainbow Eds Roadmap Session Page 12 ic Domain Software for the Rainbow PHONE ARC Version 1 0 PHONE is very handy Phone Book Search program which searches user defined phone book for input entry strings The default phone book normally named PHONE TXT can be created with any standard text editor and there are absolutely no restrictions as to the format of PHONE TXT PHONE supports the use of wildcards and because it makes use of the Soundex Algorithm PHONE will find matches even if you slightly misspell your entry Note Handy though it may be PHONE is text string finder only PHONE does not contain nor was it intended to contain any part of an auto dialer progran The GAMES 1 Diskette The following is breakdown of what is contained on this diskette Included are verbose listings of the various files and comments on the sub files themselves Executable images files with a EXE or COM extension will run on the Rainbow under MS DOS version 2 11 The files were produced using the ARC utility version 4 10 which is contained on the UTILS 1 diskette Comments are those of
80. lso become a Military Standard a dangerous precedent because READABILITY may not be so rigidly defined The primary source for the Flech Kincaid Formula is Kincaid Peter et al Development and Test of a Computer Readability Editing System CRES Final Report Naval Training and Evaluation Group TAEG R 83 March 1980 ED 190 064 ERIC Document PRESS Q to QUIT or ENTER to Continue 0 bb MM bb D bb 9 9 i 9 b i iiiitfiftiiififiiiiiii iiiiiiitiiitiiititiiifiiti tii iitfi iilifiiiiiiiritffiiitfi fff rtitii bend bond booed o L The FOG Index The FOG index is a very popular readability formula largely because of its ease of manual application It does tend to give scores which are higher than scores given by other formulas One explanation offered for this is that the FOG formula is designed to measure the level of comprehension as opposed to the level of speaking Whether or not this is considered a valid explanation is up to the reader The FOG Index was developed by Robert Gunning in 1952 It was published originally in The Technique of Clear Writing McGraw Hill c1952 Revised edition 1968 PRESS Q to QUIT or ENTER to Continue b b bD 9 9 WH bb b bb M9 M 9 40 DECUS 1985 PC SIG AGE Comments cont ee ee m lo am e 24 2 2 2
81. map Session Public Domain Software for the Rainbow Public Domain Software for the Rainbow KALAH ARC Version 1 4 excellent peg moving game requiring time logic and fore sight Levels of difficulty and the number of pegs per section are selected variables from the outset Help is available by typing HELP while playing MONOPOLY ARC Version Unknown As of this writing this version of MONOPOLY does not run on the Rainbow It does however run under ATT s version of MS DOS UNIX systems and it will more than likely run on PCs and clones Like ALIENS above MONOPOLY is also being made available for you handy fix it yourselfers ee ene Unknown PACMAN for the Rainbow What s to say QIX ARC K Porter s MS DOS Version of 03 20 85 QIX is an excellent little game which should only be played for fun An area filling game QIx is very fast and to the point The highest attainable score is as yet unknown QIX generates its own TOP TWENTY score PAD but with luck players can score over 2 000 Highly recommended ROCKET ARC Version Unknown A Lunar Lander game requiring nothing in the way of graphics It is however quite fast and it will require some thought for the novice to beat NOTE This version of ROCKET does not work quite right in that there is apparently some sort of data file that the program is supposed to access A File not found in line 425 error message gets prin
82. marked block to begin at and press KV the block move command This is easy to remember because of the V in moVe If your block is not displayed KV will not work Your displayed block should disappear from its original place and reappear in highlighted letters at the new location Press KH to hide this block Your revised paragraphs may need reforming after this move especially if you positioned the cursor within a line of text before entering KV Use B the paragraph reform command to correct the text s position FIGURE 4 Text2 Moving a Block The block move command KV moves all the text in the marked block to the cursor position deleting the original at its old position If no block is marked when the command is given or if either marker is hidden an error message occurs Appendix B The destination may be in the middle of a line if desired for example when rearranging sentences in a paragraph Just put the cursor where you want the block moved to The cursor is left at the beginning of the moved text The beginning and end markers move with the block and remain displayed After inspecting the result type KH to hide the block markers both to remove the distraction from the screen and to protect against block commands typed by accident If you wish to use the same block markers later just type KH again The block move command moves exactly the characters you have marked and does no automatic refo
83. mise to either Rainbow Workstation Features Ea RU GIOCA THREE aa PR DERI EUER software link between Rainbow and Systems e Simple menu access to both VAX and Rainbow applications and resources 011 The Rainbow Office Workstation software connection with simple menus consistent with Digital s other Office Workstations The Rainbow Office Workstation Features User shell invokes personal computer applications e Transparent communications with VAX Electronic Postmaster Rainbow System Server 9 Personal Computing Manager Mon nme t maed One Simple Menu System 8 rr qg Menu driven Shell for Personal Computer Applications ri are D Ine oT lt xum mel De Lor RS gh Sie si T See k x Vr ELI etre PET veriora mira E Tl tomum Re rte prn word processor database manager and business application Selected application with a two character command from the menu 9 Menus styled for both novices and experts LLL li ep ar a 2 Meio Re OTS SIS e User selects preferred MS DOS
84. n rearranging sentences in a paragraph Just put the cursor where you want the block moved to cursor is left at the beginning of the moved text The beginning and end markers move with the block and remain displayed After inspecting the result type KH to hide the block markers both to remove the distraction from the screen and to protect against block commands typed by accident If you wish to use the same block markers later just type KH again The block move command m ves exactly the characters you have marked and does no automatic reformatting Thus text reformatting is often required after a move After rearranging sentences for example use paragraph reform B Section 4 to re establish the margins You may also notice that you included too many or too few spaces or carriage returns at the beginning or end of the block These errors are easily corrected with a few regular editing commands After a block move the command QV will move the cursor to the place the block came from It s a good idea to inspect here after moving as you may have left too many spaces or carriage returns behind or you may need to reform the paragraph Note that any place markers 0 9 in the marked block do not move with it they remain at the place the block came from For an example of moving a column block see Figure 6 1 FIGURE 8 Text3 51 HOW MANY CHARACTERS MOVE Moving Blocks Use KV to moVe all text in a marke
85. nction to avoid having to retype identical text in several places in a document or in several different documents Use it also when you want to be absolutely sure that text which appears in one place is identical in every respect to text which appears in another place 6 4 3 1 Basic Concepts The operation of the Copy function is fairly straightforward An identical copy of the text you have selected is stored in the same paste buffer which is used for Cut operations The paste buffer contains the copied text until another piece of text selected with SEL is cut or copied until you change Document Directories or until you exit MASS 11 The amount of text that can be copied at one time is limited only by the disk quota allocated to your account by the System Manager 6 4 3 2 Rulers in Copied Text If the text you select has any rulers embedded in it these rulers will also be stored in the paste buffer with the text If you paste the copied text into another location these rulers will be inserted into the document along with the text 6 4 3 3 To Copy Text from a Document 1 Position the cursor on the first character of the text to be copied 2 Press the SEL key Observe the diamond Select Marker FIGURE 14 cont Edit Functions 6 10 59 1 JUL 84 MASS 11 REFERENCE MANUAL WS 200 EDITOR 3 Using any of the cursor movement commands position the cursor one position past the last character to be copied 4 Type GOLD CUT to make a
86. nctions and pre ions structure words gives the writer a gauge o 3 the paper s inforahtive value The CONTENT INDEX is also adjusted for the GENERAL NOTES M number of weak to be verbs and the count of possible vague terms like great and many This program uses nine different formulas to compute read 3 ability All formulas are not appropriate to all grade levels TO although they may all return scores For example it is not 3 bi RT k to be deut possible to compute grade levels less than FOURTH GRADE with 2 This module counts the number of wea verbs in a student s paper an the Dale Chall formula It is up to the user to determine 2 to standards set by the instructor The program uses 3 con RENE a Ss EA Mas idiota ihe figure down by 30 which formula and which scores are most appropriate for percentage points to account for repeated verbs in sentences and to achieve a the text being analyzed Bore accurate reflection of the percent of to verbs per total sentences 2 There are more than fifty readability formulas in existence PREPOSITIONS A good overview is found in George Klare s article ASSESSING 7 READABILITY which appeared in READING RESEARCH QUARTERLY gt The PREPOSITIONS module divides the number of sentences by the number of Volume 10 1 1974 1 395 62 102 Q i a prepositions to calculate the number of prepositions eg ets Acceptable PP
87. ng of any of the LA50 s parameters PRTSCR ARC Version Unknown PRTSCR allows the use of the Print Screen key lt F2 gt in MS DOS If you were used to that in CP M PRTSCR is another MUST to be included in your AUTOEXEC BAT file The UTILitieS 2 Diskette The following is a breakdown of what is contained this diskette Included are verbose listings of the various ARC files and comments on the sub files themselves Executable images files with a EXE or COM extension will run on the Rainbow under MS DOS version 2 11 The files were produced using the ARC utility version 4 10 which is contained on the UTILS 1 diskette Comments are those of the originator of this diskette and do not necessarily reflect the comments or opinions of DECUS RENDIR ARC Version Unknown A simple little program RENDIR allows users to REName their DIRectories To use RENDIR go to a level that is one 1 level above the directory you want to rename Type RENDIR and simply follow the instructions Note Do not include the backslash as part of the directory name lt Pub SIG lic Roadmap Session Page 4 Domain Software for the Rainbow REPLY ARC Version Unknown REPLY allows the user to look for specified matches or ask YES or NO questions in a batch file RESETRB ARC Version Unknown Rainbow specific program which provides the software equivalent of Set up Cntrl Set up RESETRB however
88. ng dollar amount on appropriate line HOLMQUIST 6 6 6 6 7 5 6 6 5 6 7 5 6 6 e Enter subscription service amount due and place on line C ARI 7 7 8 8 9 7 ous 4 2 3 7 LIBRARY FLESCH 6 7 8 7 8 7 8 6 5 5 7 8 5 7 8 For U S Chapter members only KINCAID 7 7 7 8 8 7 3 4 4 5 8 9 3 4 7 e No purchase orders accepted for library programs offered on this form POWERS 5 5 5 5 5 4 4 5 5 4 5 e Nocancellations of library orders will be accepted FRY 6 7 6 7 7 8 7 8 6 7 3 4 4 5 7 8 2 3 8 9 e If registration is cancelled you will Mida programs by mail COLEMAN 7 8 9 8 8 9 4 8 7 4 10 Fill out Ship To address on back of invoice form E e LIB1 11 SP 18 GUNNING FOG 10 12 12 10 9 5 5 6 6 7 11 6 9 5 Language System for RSTS E V7 2 8 RSX 11 M V4 0 RSX 11 M PLUS RT 11 V4 0 VMS V3 2 in Compatibility Jra ooa gt nn FFF Mode TSX PLUS V2 2 3 0 on 9 Track Magtape 800 BPI DOS 11 Format e LIB2 11 SP 47 GRAMMATIK AV SENT LENGTH 16 13 16 17 19 11 13 24 12 12 PORTACALC 3D Spreadsheet for 1 RSX 11 D RSX 11 RSX 11 M PLUS VAX VMS on 9 Track Magtape AV WORD LENGTH 4 3 4 5 4 5 4 4 4 1 4 0 4 1 4 2 3 9 4 8 W Ies tid LONGEST SENTENCE 36 23 27 25 42 23 25 62 41 25 1985 1986 DECUS VAX VMS Library Tape 4 on 9 track Magtape 1600 VMS BACKUP Format SHORTEST SENTENCE 5 6 9 11 9 4 2 3 2 2 e LIB4 PRO 123 BE S 1 2 7 5 2 5 2 40 16 10 PRO Package of BASIC PASCAL PORTACALC KERMIT anda Desk Top Calendarfor PO S
89. ntains both sections of text in the order that they were cut FIGURE 15 cont 1 JUL 84 65 Edit Functions 6 11 WS 200 EDITOR 6 4 4 3 To Add Copied Text to the Paste Buffer 1 Perform a regular Copy operation on the first section of text This will replace the previous contents of the paste buffer with the new text 2 Position the cursor over the first character of the second section of text to be copied and added to the paste buffer Type GOLD SEL Observe the diamond select mark and the Cumulative message at the bottom of the screen 3 Position the cursor one position beyond the last character of the text to be copied and type GOLD CUT KP The paste buffer now contains both sections of text in the order that they were copied 6 4 5 THE PASTE COMMAND This command is used to insert text placed into the paste buffer with Cut or Copy Commands at any location in any document Text that has been copied or cut can be pasted multipie times and remains in the paste buffer until a new Copy or Cut function is executed or until you change Document Directories or exit MASS 11 6 4 5 1 Basic Concepts Recalling the knife and paper example of Cut in the section above think of the Paste function as a scotch tape operation on a paper document To insert the text on the piece of paper you had cut out with your knife above you would make another cut in the document separating the page where you want to insert the cut text int
90. number if known is provided SENTENCES 16 10 16 15 27 26 19 55 59 30 e if nota DECUS member you are required to fill out a membership form found on page 89 and submit with the SYLLABLES 885 217 413 341 671 385 258 1625 872 569 Symposium Invoice Form SYLL 100 WDS 137 147 143 146 136 128 134 136 127 157 SYMPOSIUM SECTION SENT 100 WDS 5 7 6 8 5 6 5 6 5 5 8 7 7 8 4 6 8 6 8 3 e Indicate number of days you plan to attend FOG READING 10 T1 IL l8 19 6 7 12 7 10 Check which days you are attending if less than five FLESCH EASE 73 68 67 65 73 86 81 70 88 61 e Enter corresponding dollar amount on appropriate line FLESCH GRADE 6 7 8 7 8 7 8 6 5 5 7 8 5 7 8 e Enter symposium amount due on line A 2 PONERS EASE 5 4 5 6 5 7 5 8 5 4 4 5 4 9 5 7 4 5 5 8 e Ifyou are not ordering additional products carry subtotal A to line F at bottom of form HOLMQUIST 6 8 6 6 6 7 7 66 6 6 7 1 6 3 6 9 6 8 56 6 7 7 C COE 7 1 53 5 9 SESSICN NOTES ARI 7 5 7 5 8 6 9 7 7 3 2 4 6 9 4 37 7 e Enter quantity FLESCH KINCAID 7 4 7 5 8 3 7 6 4 1 5 2 9 4 7 6 Enter corresponding dollar amount on appropriate line COLEMAN 7 7 9 1 8 8 9 2 7 5 5 16 4 7 8 4 8 10 e Enter session note amount due and place on line B DALE CHALL 9 5 9 5 9 5 12 7 5 9 5 7 5 12 9 5 10 SUBSCRIPTION SERVICE e For U S Chapter members only e Nocancellations for subscriptions will be accepted GRADE LEVEL e Enter quantity DALE CHALL 9 5 9 5 9 5 12 7 5 9 5 7 5 12 9 5 12 Enter correspondi
91. numbers of prepositions per sentence are pre set by the instructor f students Say use more than 2 prepositions per sentence they are warned of PRESS Q to QUIT or ENTER to Continue 3 possible dullness and wordiness and given eramples as models for revision 36 37 DECUS 1985 PC SIG PAGE 15 Comments cont One of the most often asked questions regarding this program is Why do scores vary so much The answer is complicated but one part of it is that most people who have used formulas in the past have used only one It is simply too time consum ing to compute more than one Because of this the wide vari ations in scores often was undetected Formulas tend to give a false sense of accuracy By computing more than one form ula a valuable element of comparison is added They do dis agree and some have better reputations than others The notes on the following pages will give you an idea of the intent and limitations of the formulas used in this program For a more complete discussion see A Readability formula program for use on microcomputers JOURNAL OF READING 25 6 March 1982 pp560 591 N N bb bb b wD bb b 9 bb bb bb bb DY HD WY M PRESS Q to QUIT or ENTER to Continue nn ItfiififiQifiQ ttitiiiiiftitiititiiitititittfittittftttittttfittiititititi iitttttftti it t ti ttkt COLEMAN Coleman d
92. o remember that there is a reader in the act of reading who needs to access specific information to solve a problem 32 DECUS 1985 PC SIG PAGE 10 REFERENCES CITED Aspen Software Company Grammatik Includes Random House Proofreader Version 1 15 19821 Version 1 84 Aspen CO Aspen Software Company 1981 Barker Thomas T Comment Lubbock TX Texas Tech Microcomputer Laboratory 1984 Carroll Lewis pseudo Jabberwocky Christensen Francis Notes Toward a New Rhetoric College English October 1963 pp 7 18 Cohen Gerald Readability Sample Personal Correspondence Hartley James Current Research on Text Design Scholarly Publication 16 No 4 1985 355 368 Lee Irving J Why Discussions Go Astray in S I Hayakawa ed Ihe Use and Misuse of Lanquage Greenwich Conn Fawcett 1962 pp 29 40 Micro Power amp Light Company Readability Calculations According to Nine Formulas Dallas TX Micro Power amp Light Company 1984 33 DECUS 1985 PC SIG PAGE 11 APPENDIX A DESIGN VARIABLES Tyoefaces Type Size Emphasis Underlining Marginal Notations etc Numerals Pacer Color Weight Reflectance Sur face Color Contrast Spatial Arrangement of Text Page Size Number of Columns Separation Between Columns Length of Lines Leading Paragraph Indentation Vertical Spacing Margin Size Inside Outside Too Bottom Margin Justification Hyphenation
93. o two halves Using tape you would tape the cut text in between the two halves of the page you just separated to make it appear in the correct position in the document When you use the paste function MASS 11 does all the page separation work for you neatly inserting the contents of the paste buffer into the existing text then recomputing the line endings of all the text following the insertion to ensure that no holes appear in the document 6 4 5 2 Paste Buffers Up to ten paste buffers can be used in each directory If you press RETURN at the Paste Buffer Name prompt the cut text will be stored in the MAIN buffer If you want to use any of the other nine buffers you can enter a name up to ten characters When pasting you will be asked for the name of the paste buffer if more than one exists If you cannot remember the name press 7 RETURN and list of the paste buffers will appear FIGURE 15 cont Edit Functions 6 12 1 JUL 84 66 MASS 11 REFERENCE MANUAL WS 200 EDITOR Once you have given names to the ten paste buffers during an editing session you cannot rename them You can replace the contents of one paste buffer with newly cut or copied text however When you log off the contents and the names the paste buffers are deleted If these buffers contain text that you plan to use frequently it is best to store that text in a glossary you need to paste text into a document in another directory or acc
94. of technical manuals putting the reader back in the manual I want to limit my remarks to the PC manuals first because they are the manuals I m familiar with and second because of time What I have to say however can apply to other manuals I want to divide my talk into two main sections 1 Reader Considerations 2 Access to the Text READER CONSIDERATIONS Students do not realize that someone must read the material they write In school Miss Grundy and Professor Flunkemoften were paid to read their essays tests and lab reports Their families were glad to read letters usually notes pleading for more money from the young scholars But once they leave school they enter a much different world Teachers read to verify that the student understands the material employers and supervisors read because they need the information the document contains We frequently hear that the key to success in any organization is the ability to communicate What that means is that those who get promoted realize someone has to read their materials and write accordingly 24 DECUS 1985 PC SIG PAGE 2 The same is true with PC manuals I brought my Rainbow 100 home in several boxes as we all do but one box was full of manuals and programs I write this I count 24 manuals an awesome sight for my wife who wants to learn to use this new toy as she calls it When we look at a page from a manual Figure 1 what do we see What happens when
95. old position If no block is marked when the command is given if either marker is hidden an error message occurs Appendix B The destination may be in the middle of a line if desired for example when rearranging sentences in a paragraph Just put the cursor where you want the block moved to The cursor is left at the beginning of the moved text The beginning and end markers move with the block and remain displayed Aft r inspecting the result type KH to hide the block markers both to remove the distraction from the screen and to protect against block commands typed by accident If you wish to use the same block markers later just type KH again 0 5 The block move command moves exactly the characters you have marked and does no automatic reformatting Thus text reformatting is often required after a move After rearranging sentences for example use paragraph reform B Section 4 to re establish the margins You may also notice that you included too many or too few spaces or carriage returns at the beginning or end of the block These errors are easily corrected with a few regular editing commands 1 After a block move the command QV will move the cursor to the place the block came from It s a good idea to inspect here after moving as you may have left too many spaces or carriage returns behind or you may need to reform the paragraph Note that any place markers 0 9 in the mark
96. om these pages Figures 3 4 and 5 Are these easy or hard to decipher Insert Figures 3 4 and 5 Here When we process a page of text the signal moves through the visual sense sight and pauses slightly before moving along for further processing At this temporary storage point many of the signal s characteristics influence the encoding of that signal so 25 DECUS 1985 PC SIG PAGE 3 that it can pass to the next stage A rapid analysis of the signal evaluates the line angle and brightness of the image its position on the page the amount of material in the foreground and background and color In addition the analysis includes the layout of the text on the page For example spacing becomes critical when looking for specific pieces of information the random access of information That spacing is of two types vertical and horizontal Material in the following sections adapted from Hartley Vertical Spacing Space separates one line on the page from another Titles headings subheadings paragraphs and the l ke all have space between them and the next element This amount of space between lines in the text constitutes 1 unit of space Adding extra units of space between heading elements isolates them and insures that the eye quickly picks up and separates headings from text Coupled with the type style roman italic bold space makes the random access of information easier reducing the amount of text that the reader mus
97. oth used and remaining An excellent replacement for DIR DIS allows the use of the w and p switches Note DIS COM was originally named DISK COM For obvious reasons however see below one of two file names had to be changed With apologies to MJH this user changed this one C SIG Roadmap Session Page 2 ublic Domain Software for the Rainbow DISK ARC Version 1 00 MS DOS replacement for DEC s CP M MAINT program which includes many of the nicer features of SWEEP see the UTILS 2 diskette DISK allows COPYing VIEWing RENaming DELeting changing drives changing paths showing free space and more DOWN ARC Version Unknown Use with BACK COM see above DOWN allows movement DOWNward through the directory structure one level at a time If more than one sub directory is encountered the name of each is displayed and the user enters the numerical selection Rename this one D EXE for additional speed but be cautious DOWN will not always work with sub directories with names more than five 5 characters long DSKLBL ARC Version 0 1 Also known as CLIP COM DSKLBL allows the creation or the changing of diskette volume labels Written by Randy Tamura IBM DSKLBL CLIP works fine on the Rainbow After making sure that you are on the prerequisite drive simply follow the instructions FDATE ARC Version Unknown DATE allows the setting or re setting of date and timestamps FILTERS ARC
98. ount it is best to use the split screen editing option See Chapter 9 Using Stored Text 6 4 5 3 To Paste Text into Document 1 Move the cursor to the position where you want to insert the text contained in the paste buffer Remember to leave space on either side of the cursor so that words do not run together when the new text is inserted You can insert a few extra spaces or Hard Returns on either side of the cursor before you paste in the new text then edit them out later if you wish 2 Press PASTE The contents of the paste buffer will be inserted into the document All text to the right of and below the original position of the cursor will be pushed down to make room for the new text The line endings of all text from the new insertion downward will be recomputed automatically There is no Cumulative Paste operation The same Paste command used for a regular Copy or Cut is used to paste the text added to the paste buffer with Cumulative Copy or Cut commands All text in the paste buffer is inserted with a Paste command regardless of how the text got into the paste buffer 6 4 5 4 Rulers in Pasted Text As noted in the discussion of Cut and Copy any rulers which are in the cut or copied text are also stored in the paste buffer When you paste the text into a new position the rulers are also pasted into the document However when you use the PASTE KP key to insert text the text from the beginning of the
99. ow m ow Text Procedures Copying or Moving Text You use the copy or move procedure to save a specific block or column of text and insert it in a different location in the file This is useful when you need to repeat the same information or to copy Format Lines You can copy text to a temporary buffer or to a stored file Copying or Moving a Block of Text To copy or move an entire block of text l Position the cursor at the beginning of the text you want to copy 2 Press the Do key 3 Type the letter C for copy or M for move When you move text it is deleted from its original location When you copy text it is not deleted from the original location and therefore exists twice in your file If you are storing the text in a separate file Press the File key f you do not want to use the default file name TEMP type a file name Press the Return key NOTE If you do not specify a file to store the text in when you copy it Samna stores it in a temporary buffer This buffer can hold only about one full page of text Therefore if you have a large block of text to copy you should store it in a separate file 4 Shade the text you want to copy 5 Press the Return key FIGURE 7 Text9 6 Move the cursor to where you want to insert the copy Press the M key for Move Shade the text you want to move Position the cursor where you want to insert the text Hold down the Ctrl key while you press t
100. paste buffer to the first ruler in the paste buffer if there is one is formatted according to the current ruler which governs the text into which you are pasting If you determine that you do not want this to happen but would rather have the text in the paste buffer formatted according to the ruler which was current in the area from which it was cut or copied use GOLD PASTE instead of just PASTE MASS 11 remembers the ruler which governed the text when it was cut or copied and inserts it at the beginning the pasted text FIGURE 15 cont 1 JUL 84 67 Edit Functions 6 13 SYMPOSIUM INVOICE FORM INSTRUCTIONS Do not use the Symposium Invoice Form if you do not plan on attending the Symposium or Pre symposium DECUS 1985 Seminar DC SIG GENERAL INFORMATION PAGE 2 e Digital employees note no cross charges will be performed for products offered on Symposium Invoice Form e Cancellations apply only to symposium session notes and pre symposium seminar sections the invoice form APPENDIX D e Transfers TABLE OF DATA e Will only be accepted when no changes are made to original attendee s record lf any changes to original attendee s record are made a cancellation will take place and a new registration PROGRAM SECTION 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 torm and payment must be submitted READABILITY WORDS 280 148 288 234 492 300 193 1193 689 363 INVOICE FORM HEADER INFORMATION 3 SYLLABLE 24 20 29 19 33 13 29 90 33 48 Make sure DECUS
101. peration of the Copy function is fairly straightforward An identical copy of the text you have selected is stored in the same paste buffer which is used for Cut operations The paste buffer contains the copied text until another piece of text selected with SEL is cut or copied until you change Document Directories or until you exit MASS 11 The amount of text that can be copied at one time is limited only by the disk quota allocated to your account by the System Manager 6 4 3 2 Rulers in Copied Text the text you select has any rulers embedded in it these rulers will also be stored in the paste buffer with the text If you paste the copied text into another location these rulers will be inserted into the document along with the text 6 4 3 3 To Copy Text from a Document 1 Position the cursor on the first character of the text to be copied 2 Press the SEL key Observe the diamond Select Marker FIGURE 15 cont Ecit Functions 6 10 64 1 JUL 84 11 REFERENCE MANUAL WS 200 EDITOR 3 Using any of the cursor movement commands position the cursor one position past the last character to be copied 4 Type GOLD CUT to make a copy of the text The original text is unchanged 6 4 CUMULATIVE COPY AND CUT COMMAND Normally each time Cut or Copy command is executed the previous text stored in the paste buffer is replaced by the text selected in the latest Cut or Copy operation MASS 11 also allows you to add to the
102. rams of where you ve been and in some cases where you re going The game requires a minimum of 256k of memory and can be somewhat difficult to set up The LEVELS ARC file for example can should must be set up as a sub directory of HACK 15 set up properly however it s a great way to while away the hours TIT ARC Version Unknown three dimensional 4 4 4 Tic Tac Toe game for the Rainbow Good and very fast 14 The Generation of General Curves on a DEC Rainbow by Mike Brannigan Personal Software 15 Normandy Court Atlanta GA 30324 15 Introduction Several methods exist for the computer representation of curves such representations being of fundamental importance in computer graphics and especially computer aided design and manufacture One such method considers the curve to be set in the traditional Cartesian Plane the representation of the curve being via parametric functions of a variable t for each of the x y variables The drawing of the curve uses these functions to produce sufficient x y pairs to present the curve to the graphics device Examples of such an approach are Bezier curves 4 5 parametric B splines 6 and Beta splines 2 3 These methods are all forms of piecewise polynomials using different criteria to fit the pieces together to form a curve in the Cartesian plane With such a philosophy two circles drawn in different parts of the olane have different equations
103. rmatting Thus text reformatting is often required after a move After rearranging sentences for example use paragraph reform B Section 4 to re establish the margins You may also notice that you included too many or too few spaces or carriage returns at the beginning or end of the block These errors are easily corrected with a few regular editing commands After a block move the command QV will move the cursor to the place the block came from It s a good idea to inspect here after moving as you may have left too many spaces or carriage returns behind or you may need to reform the paragraph Note that any place markers 0 9 in the marked block do not move with it they remain at the place the block came from For an example of moving a column block see Figure 6 1 DDDDDDDD cccc BB DDDDDDDD BB DDDDDDDD cccc DDDDDDDD CCCC DDDDDDDD CCCC NDDDDDDDD DDDDDDDD BB DDDDDDDD DDDDDDDD ICCC DDDDDDDD gt gt gt gt gt FIGURE 5 Text3 47 Move MOVE Purpose You use the MOVE command to move a specific block of text from one place to another MOVE lets you delete the original block of text and insert it anywhere else you want Moving a Block of Text 68 Position the cursor at the beginning of the text you want to move Press the Do key Press the Return key wp o w
104. rs in Pasted Text As noted in the discussion of Cut and Copy any rulers which are in the cut or copied text are also stored in the paste buffer When you paste the text into a new position the rulers are also pasted into the document However when you use the PASTE key to insert text the text from the beginning of the paste buffer to the first ruler in the paste buffer if there is one is formatted according to the current ruler which governs the text into which you are pasting you determine that you do not want this to happen but would rather have the text in the paste buffer formatted according to the ruler which was current in the area from which it was cut or copied use GOLD PASTE instead of just PASTE MASS 11 remembers the ruler which governed the text when it was cut or copied and inserts it at the beginning of the pasted text FIGURE 14 cont 62 1 JUL 84 Edit Functions 6 13 WS 200 EDITOR The Select Marker is still in force even though it may no longer be visible at any point you decide that you do not want to carry through with the Select operation just press SEL again and the Select Marker will be removed allowing you to resume normal editing 6 42 THE CUT COMMAND This feature allows you to remove any amount of text from a document Using the Paste command described later in this chapter you may then move the cut text to another position within the same document or to another document
105. s complements Our minds are attuned to that pattern and can almost understand a sentence regardless of the words used if it follows that pattern For example Lewis Carroll s Jabberwocky opens Twas brillig and the slithy toves Did gyre and gimble in the wabe All mimsy were the borogoves And the mome raths outgrabe Carroll and it almost sounds right Consider this example in prose The concept of the unit includes a new structure The nature of this function supports the use of basic inputs This concept also supports other factors via a system approach The system status not the structure status requires that aspect In terms of size the effort is small But in terms of function it provides the support required address these goals involves using all the system s support function Among the factors of course are unit input functions The support which uses a system approach affects these goals These too require new concepts We shall reach these goals Cohen It likewise almost sounds right The mind recognizes the pattern and tries to gains meaning from those patterns As a further demonstration of this point we know that John hit Bill differs in meaning from Bill hit John We know that because of the position of the words in the sentence its syntax The reader expects sentences to fall into commonly recognized patterns One study shows that professional writers of all sorts of prose use a 28 DECUS 19
106. s manuals from the reader s perspective beginning with a review of how humans process information It then analyzes ten sample texts using nine readability formulas and text analysis programs While demonstrating the inherent weaknesses of readability formulas and text analysis results the study does pinpoint some troublesome areas in current PC manuals 23 PUTTING THE READER BACK IN MANUALS COMPUTER MANUALS AND THE PROBLEMS OF READABILITY by Thomas L Warren Department of English Oklahoma State University Stillwater OK 74078 Psychologists tell us that we mortals have an inordinate fear of many things High on the list are death taxes and public speaking With the recent unfortunate series of air accidents the plane crash is climbing fast What the list makers overlook is something that strikes terror in the heart of computer users young and old neophyte and pro PC or VAX user I m speaking of course of the technical manual that harbinger of things unlightening Picture the poor user desperately trying to find out what happened to 35 of a file that disappeared when he searched forward an event that recently happened to me Calls to the 800 number didn t work Reviewing the manual led to more confusion and I still have no idea how GOTO in Select 86 can wipe out much text My point is not to swap horror stories related to poor documentation Rather my purpose is to present some recent findings about the design
107. ship between these variables and Cartesian coordinates x y are given by _ dx dy u 4 ds dy 4 arctan 32 and 2 ds dy With these equations in mind we consider the representation of two dimensional curves by 9 5 a linear continuous function of s The properties of such a relation ship between 0 and s conform to the requirements of computer graphics in that each curve can be thought of as a graphics primitive the position and orientation of the curve not being an intrinsic property of the function 17 Other useful properties of such a representation lie in the ease with which graphics transformations can be performed The positioning of the curve is fixed by the initial point Pg and initial angle 6 0 Translation is performed by changing the point while rotation about Po is effected by the addition of a constant to 5 Due to the linearity of 6 s then scaling the curve by a factor only needs the coefficients of 9 to be multiplied by 8 From this scaling property storage of the curve need only be as a function of s where 0 1 Further normalization of the curve can be obtained by requiring 0 0 0 With such a normalized curve every instance of the curve is completely defined by three values namely Po 0 and a scaling factor 8 with the curve stored only once added property which is useful in computer aided design is continuity of curvature when 6 s is at least
108. stical summary COMMENT automatically calculates percentages of surface level VAGUENESS res the percentages to standards pre set by the aba prints Pot advice in several modules see below The VAGUENESS module uses the count of possible vague terms in GRAMMATIK S User i that is provided by the Microlab with the progress The program calculates the percent of possible vague terms per total words and advises the Student to revise if the count is above the instructor s pre set standard Percents for possible vague teras often fall around 2 5 SET UP ompanion program to COMMENT allows the instructor to custom ite the standards against which COMMENT evaluates student writing SENTENCE VARIETY The SENTENCE VARIETY module uses the count of short sentences 14 words sentences and the count of long sentences gt 30 words It attempts to give the writer some idea of the balance of long and short sentences It advises the writer either to try sentence combining or sentence techniques in the event of a SEES oper The proportions of long and short sentences are pre set by the instructor COMNENT ADVICE MODULES Readability Calculations CONTENT INDEX itiitfititfifiiiiitiititittittttififitfiiititfifititiitiittitiittiiiitititiitititittiitftt iitt This module calculates the number of verbs nouns adjectives and pronouns a a paper Ire The percervage or Eo wee ar icles ot 3 conju
109. t fine rg ic C SIG Roadmap Session Page 8 R Domain Software for the Rainbow The MISCelaneous EDitorS Diskette The following is a breakdown of what is contained on this diskette Included are verbose listings of the various ARC files and comments on the sub files themselves Executable images files with EXE or COM extension will run on the Rainbow under MS DOS version 2 11 The files were produced using the ARC utility version 4 10 which is contained on the UTILS 1 diskette Comments are those of the originator of this diskette and do not necessarily reflect the comments or opinions of DECUS DED ARC Version 1 05 Written by Dan Pleasant DED Dan s EDitor is a very fast Rainbow specific editor with some very nice easy to learn features For a better description however read the DOC files and see The Software Solution Lord in the Plus Section of The DEC Professional June 1985 FEDIT ARC Version 2 0 FPRINT ARC Version 2 0 FONTS ARC Version s Unknown The above set of files is complete set of programs for the MS DOS equivalent of Fancy Font Based originally on A Christopher Hall s CP M MAKFNT and FPRINT programs the executables and most of the FNT files were written by J Anthony Movshon FEDIT is a special purpose editor for creating and editing a desired set of font files FPRINT uses these fonts to format text output
110. t search to find specific information Another element in vertical spacing is the end of the body s text at the bottom of the page Traditional layout has a fixed number of lines per page When pasteup artists reach that number they begin a new page Dividing the text based on number of lines often interrupts the syntactic unit the group of words in the sentence that carries meaning If the sentence that carries over to the top of the next page is complicated the reader is likely to turn back and forth between the two pages trying to understand it Having a flexible line count insures that the reader will carry a full syntactic unit over to the next page Finally breaking a paragraph at the bottom of the page after one or two lines may also interrupt the syntactic flow Paragraphs should not begin on the last line of a page nor end in the first line of the next page With these thoughts in mind let s look at the sample pages Figures 6 and 7 Insert Figures 6 and 7 Here Note in Figure 6 how the headings and subheadings are set apart from the text Figure 7 shows good use of vertical space but runs the l sting to the page bottom and on to the next page Had the text ended before Step 4 Steps 4 8 could occur on one page with Copying a Format Line starting a new page Steps 4 8 also constitute a sub block of commands separated from 1 3 by the Note Horizontal Spacing Normally type is set with equal spacing between the words
111. ted at the end of each game Other than that however ROCKET works just fine SCRAM ARC Copyright 1984 DEC SCRAM is a player vs time game which does require graphics it is especially good with color graphics The object is to SCRAM shut down the lunar nuclear reactor before the reactor melts down Maneuvering their way from the surface of the moon to the depths of the reactor players are required to keep the reactor filled with water and keep their fuel tanks full of fuel are determined the amount of time to complete the ask Difficulty levels ranging from 1 3 are variable from the start Although SCRAM is somewhat slow giving the player the impression of being on the moon its speed will be improved by playing hard drive and even more improved by playing in virtual memory M Drive de The GAMES 2 Diskette The following is a breakdown of what is contained on this diskette Included are verbose listings of the various ARC files and comments on the sub files themselves Executable images files with EXE or COM extension will run on the Rainbow under MS DOS version 2 11 The ARC files were produced using the ARC utility version 4 10 which is contained on the UTILS 1 diskette Comments are those of the originator of this diskette and do not necessarily reflect the comments or opinions of DECUS LEVELS ARC HACK is a marvelous Dungeons and Dragons game that draws diag
112. text in the paste buffer without erasing the previous contents This is accomplished with a Cumulative command These operations are useful if you wish to copy several paragraphs located in different places in a document and then paste the combination elsewhere in the document or in another document Also since the contents of the paste buffer are preserved until you change Document Directories or exit MASS 11 text can be taken from several different documents and then pasted into a new document 6 4 4 1 Basic Concepts In cumulative operations sections of text are cut out of the document in the order in which you want them to be added to the paste buffer They line up in the buffer one a ter the other single Paste command inserts them all into a document in the order in which they were selected first at the top and last at structuring and restructuring documents 6 4 4 2 To Add Cut Text to the Paste Buffer 1 Perform a regular Cut operation on the first section of text This will replace the previous contents of the paste buffer with the new text 2 Position the cursor over the first character of the second section of text to be removed from the document and added to the paste buffer Type GOLD SEL KP Observe the diamond select mark and the Cumulative message at the bottom of the screen 3 Position the cursor one position beyond the last character of the text to be cut and press CUT The paste buffer now co
113. the originator of this diskette and do not necessarily reflect the comments or opinions of DECUS ALIENS ARC Version Unknown As of this writing this version of ALIENS does not run on the Rainbow It does however run under ATT s version of MS DOS UNIX systems and it will more than likely run on PCs and clones ALIENS is made available here for you handy fix it yourselfers CHESS ARC Version 1 26 Chess for the Rainbow Levels of difficulty depth of search are selected at the beginning Alternatively the player can select position to be analyzed EMPIRE ARC Version 5 0 war game between two emperors you and the computer EMPIRE is complex computer game that will take some time to learn According to the documentation EMPIRE does require graphics displays however may be selected as being either enhanced or normal Much like HACK available on the MS DOS GAMES 2 diskette EMPIRE 15 game you can really sink your teeth into One disadvantage of EMPIRE is that by computer standards it takes long time to load If it is unable to find or make use of the file EMSAVE DAT a file containing the previous game information EMPIRE creates new version of EMSAVE Since this takes about five 5 minutes in virtual memory it will take somewhat longer hard drive and whole lot longer using floppies 12 2i Sessi Page 14 PC SIG Roadmap Session Page 13 PC SIG Road
114. umentation therefore must be attributed to Jean Marc s Swiss French background and not to the performance of his program EXCON ASM a CP MB6 assembly language source code for EXtended CONsole users and AMEND ASM CP M86 assembly language end of file code have been included for Do It Yourselfers AMEBAT ARC Version Unknown AMEBAT allows the user to create CP M86 batch files that will run under MS DOS As its documentation suggests however AMEBAT can create all kinds of little COM files which run under MS DOS programs and pass all kinds of fixed command lines Potentially very powerful AMEBAT should be great with AME86 see above it should be equally as great however with DOSFLX CMD see below DOSFLX ARC Version 1 00 15 DOSFLX allows users to run MS DOS programs under CP M Written by the Digital Equipment Rainbow Engineering Group see Ways and Means by J Novachy 10 16 in the PLUS Section of The DEC Professional June 1985 DOSFLX is an extremely powerful CP M program that provides built in documentation and built in help Note Using this version of DOSFLX to copy files from MS DOS to CP M leaves a binary trailer at the end of standard text files Sometimes the trailer can be edited out sometimes it cannot causing system crash Copying from CP M to MS DOS however does not leave such a statement text files and executables going this way seem to work jus
115. within the same Document Directory You may also elect to do nothing with the text you have cut thus deleting it from you document The Paste command in this case allows you to recover the last block of text you deleted in this manner 6 4 2 1 Basic Concepts Think of the Cut function as performing the same operation you would perform with a knife a paper document At the point where you would begin your cut in the paper document you place the Select Marker in MASS 11 Moving the cursor MASS 11 is similar to cunning your knife around the text you want to remove working towards the end of the section Finally at the opposite end of the text from where you started you executed the MASS 11 Cut function which is similar to lifting the section of text from the document Unlike the knife and paper operation however you are not left with a gaping hole in your document MASS 11 automatically moves the text below the cut up to meet the text above the cut so that there is never a hole left by the Cut operation The cut text is stored in a temporary holding area or paste buffer The paste buffer contains the cut text until another piece of text selected with SEL is cut or copied until you change Document Directories or until you exit MASS 11 The amount of text that can be cut at one time is limited only by the disk quota allocated to your account by the System Manager 6 4 2 2 Rulers in Cut Text H the text you select has any rulers
116. you want to move using the Word Sentence Line Paragraph Page File and arrow keys However using the File key is not recommended f you want to save text stored in the TEMP file after you finish moving or copying give the TEMP file another name The text is now safely in the file with the new name Text Procedures Copying or Moving Text You use the copy or move procedure to save a specific block or column of text and insert it in a different location in the file This is useful when you need to repeat the same information or to copy Format Lines You can copy text to a temporary buffer or to a stored file Copying or Moving a Block of Text To copy or move an entire block of text 1 Position the cursor at the beginning of the text you want to copy 2 Press the Do key 3 Type the letter C for copy or M for move When you move text it is deleted from its original location When you copy text it is not deleted from the original location and therefore exists twice in your file If you are storing the text in a separate file Press the File key e f you do not want to use the default file name TEMP type a file name Press the Return key NOTE If you do not specify a file to store the text in when you copy it Samna stores it in a temporary buffer This buffer can hold only about one full page of text Therefore if you have a large block of text to copy you should store it in a separate file

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