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IMAQ Vision for LabWindows/CVI

1. List any error messages The following steps reproduce the problem Documentation Comment Form National Instruments encourages you to comment on the documentation supplied with our products This information helps us provide quality products to meet your needs Title Edition Date Part Number February 1997 321424A 01 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI Please comment on the completeness clarity and organization of the manual If you find errors in the manual please record the page numbers and describe the errors Thank you for your help Name Title Company Address Phone Fax Mail to Technical Publications National Instruments Corporation 6504 Bridge Point Parkway Austin TX 78730 5039 Fax to Technical Publications National Instruments Corporation 512 794 5678 A analysis functions description table 2 4 IPI_BasicParticle 6 48 to 6 49 IPI_Centroid 6 46 to 6 47 IPI_Histogram 2 13 to 2 14 6 43 to 6 45 IPI_LineProfile 6 47 to 6 48 IPI_Particle 6 49 to 6 50 IPI_ParticleCoeffs 6 51 to 6 53 IPI_ParticleDiscrim 6 53 to 6 54 IPI_Quantify 6 45 to 6 46 arithmetic operators description table 2 5 IPI_Add 6 1 to 6 2 IPI_Divide 6 4 IPI_Modulo 6 5 to 6 6 IPI_MulDiv 6 6 IPI_Multiply 6 3 IPI_Subtract 6 2 bulletin board support A 1 C calibration attribute 2 3
2. rectangle regions tool You can draw a rectangle or square IPI_WT_OVAL oval regions tool You can draw an oval or circle in the image e IPI_WT_POLYGON polygon regions tool You can draw a polygon in the image T e IPI_WI_FR image EHAND freehand regions tool You can draw a freehand region in the IPI_WT_ZOOM zoom You can zoom in or zoom out in an image e IPI_WT_BROKENLINE broken line e IPI_WT_FR free hand line T IPI_GetActiveTool IPIError IPI_GetActiveTool IPITool active_tool Purpose This function returns the currently selected tool Output active_tool contains the current active tool IPI_WindToolsClose IPIError IPI_WindToolsClose void Purpose This function closes the tool palette window It works in the same way as IPI_WindClose which closes image windows This function also destroys the space reserved in memory for the tool palette window O National Instruments Corporation 4 11 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI Chapter 4 Display and File Functions IPI_InstallW Callback IPIError IPI_InstallWCallback int window_number IPIWCallbackFunc Callback_Function void Callback_Data Purpose This function connects a callback function receiving all the user and system events coming from an image window Input window_number indicates the image window number on which you want to install a c
3. Purpose This function changes the pixel value of a color image Image type IPI_PIXEL_RGB32 Input color_image is the color image where the new color pixel value is written x_coordinate is the horizontal position of the pixel y_coordinate is the vertical position of the pixel rgb_color_value indicates the new color pixel value IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI 6 78 National Instruments Corporation Chapter 6 Image Processing Functions IPI_GetColorLine IPIError IPI_GetColorLine IPIImageRef color_image Point start Point end int color_array int nb_of_elements Purpose This function reads a line of pixels from a color image into an array and returns the number of elements in this array The line is defined by a start point and an end point Image type IPI_PIXEL_RGB32 Input color_image is the color image where the line is read start is the start point of the line of pixels end is the end point of the line of pixels Output color_array is an array allocated by you It must be big enough to contain all elements of the line nb_of_elements returns the number of elements in the array IPI_SetColorLine IPIError IPI_SetColorLine IPIImageRef color_image Point start Point end int color_array int nb_of_elements Purpose This function writes a line of pixels in a color image The new values of the pixels are contained in a color array defined by you Image type IP
4. R_TOP_AND_LEFT top and left R_HEIGHT_AND_WIDTH height and width SCROLL_OFFSET Vertical and Horizontal scroll bar offset _zoom Vertical and Horizontal zoom ratio _GRID Vertical and Horizontal drawing grid V_attribute_value is the vertical attribute value H_attribute_value ls the horizontal attribute value IPI_GetWindowAttribute IPIError Purpose IPI_GetWindowAttribute int window_number int window_attribute void attribute_value This function reads image window attributes National Instruments Corporation 4 5 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI Chapter 4 Display and File Functions Input window_number 0 15 indicates the image window to use by a number from 0 to 15 window_attribute is the attribute value to set This can be one of the standard LabWindows attributes used by IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI for image windows or an IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI specific attribute Following are the standard attributes ATTR_VISIBLE visible e ATTR_LEFT left kW ATTR_TOP top es ATTR_WIDTH width e ATTR_HEIGHT height es ATTR_TITLEBAR_VISIBLE title bar visible es ATTR_TITLE title e ATTR_SCROLL_BARS scroll bars e ATTR_HSCROLL_OFFSET horizontal scroll bar offset e ATTR_VSCROLL_OFFSET Vertical scroll bar offset T e ATTR_CAN_MAXIMIZE ca
5. s LPI PIX IPI_ConvertByLookup IPIError IPI_ConvertByLookup IPIImageRef source_image IPIImageRef dest_image int lookup_format void lookup_array int nb_of_lookup_elements Purpose This function converts an image by using a lookup table which is encoded in floating point values Image type IPI_PIXEL_U8 116 SGL Input source_image is the image to be converted dest_image is the image resulting from the conversion The image type for dest_image can be the following IPI_PIXEL_SGL IPI_PIXEL_116 if source_image is of type IPI_PIXEL_U8 e IPI_PIXEL_SGLif source_image is of type IPI_PIXEL_I16 National Instruments Corporation 5 19 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI Chapter 5 Tools Functions lookup_format indicates the data type of the lookup table using one of the following LabWindows standard values VA VA VA VA VA VA VA VA L_CHAR character L_SHOR Sal DOUBLI L_UNSIG L_UNSIG L_UNSIG INTEGER short integer INTEGER integer L_FLOAT floating point double precision ED_CHAR unsigned character ED_INTEGER unsigned integer ED_SHORT_INTEGER unsigned short integer lookup_array is the reference of the array It consists of up to 256 elements if source_image is of type IPI_PIXI is of type IPI_PIXI EL_U8 or up to 65 536 elements if the
6. IPIError IPI_Xor IPIImageRef source_A image IPIImageRef source_B_image IPIImageRef dest_image int Xor_or_Xnor int constant Purpose This function selects the pixels which are lit only in one of these two images If source_B_image is equal to IPI_NOIMAGE an operation between an image and a constant is made IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI 6 8 National Instruments Corporation Chapter 6 Image Processing Functions The function completes the following operation for each pixel x y dest x y sourceA x y XOR sourceB x y El dest x y sourceA x y XOR constant if source_B_image is equal to IPI_NOIMAGI Image type IPI_PIXEL_U8 116 SGL All input images must have the same image type Input source A image and source P image are the two input images dest_image is the resulting image Xor_or_Xnor is set to TRUE if you want the logic operator XNOR to occur instead of XOR constant 1s the binary constant used for an operation between an image and a constant IPI_Mask IPIError IPI_Mask IPIImageRef source_image IPIImageRef mask_image IPIImageRef dest_image Purpose This function copies the source_image into the dest_image Ifa pixel value is 0 OFF in the mask_image the corresponding pixel in dest_image is set to 0 Image type IPI_PIXEL_U8 116 SGL COMPLEX RGB32 Mask image type IPI_PIXEL_U8 Input source_image is the input image which is masked dest_imag
7. IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI February 1997 Edition Part Number 321424A 01 Copyright 1997 National Instruments Corporation All rights reserved Internet Support support natinst com E mail info natinst com FTP Site ftp natinst com Web Address http www natinst com Bulletin Board Support BBS United States 512 794 5422 BBS United Kingdom 01635 551422 BBS France 01 48 65 15 59 Fax on Demand Support 512 418 1111 Im S S gt Q ZS Telephone Support U S Tel 512 795 8248 Fax 512 794 5678 OAN International Offices Australia 02 9874 4100 Austria 0662 45 79 90 0 Belgium 02 757 00 20 Canada Ontario 905 785 0085 Canada Qu bec 514 694 8521 Denmark 45 76 26 00 Finland 09 527 2321 France 01 48 14 24 24 Germany 089 741 31 30 Hong Kong 2645 3186 Israel 03 5734815 Italy 02 413091 Japan 03 5472 2970 Korea 02 596 7456 Mexico 5 520 2635 Netherlands 0348 433466 Norway 32 84 84 00 Singapore 2265886 Spain 91 640 0085 Sweden 08 730 49 70 Switzerland 056 200 51 51 Taiwan 02 377 1200 U K 01635 523545 National Instruments Corporate Headquarters 6504 Bridge Point Parkway Austin TX 78730 5039 Tel 512 794 0100 Important Information Warranty Copyright Trademarks The media on which you receive National Instruments software are warranted not to fail to execute programming instructions due to defects in materials and workmanship for a p
8. IPI_GetPixelValu IPIImageRef image int x_coordinate int y_coordinate float pixel_value Purpose This function reads or extracts a pixel value from an image Image type IPI_PIXEL_U8 116 SGL Input image is the image used for this operation x_coordinate is the horizontal coordinate of the pixel to read y_coordinate is the vertical coordinate of the pixel to read Output pixel_value returns the pixel value ID SetPixel Value IPIError IPI_SetPixelValue IPIImageRef image int x_coordinate int y_coordinate float pixel value Purpose This function changes the pixel value in an image Image type IPI_PIXEL_U8 116 SGL Input image is the image to modify x_coordinate is the horizontal coordinate of the pixel to modify y_coordinate is the vertical coordinate of the pixel to modify pixel_value contains the replacement pixel value National Instruments Corporation 5 7 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI Chapter 5 Tools Functions IDI GetRowCol IPIError IPI_GetRowCol IPIImageRef image int row or Column int row_col_index int array_format void array int nb_of_elements Purpose This function reads either a row or a column of pixel values from an image into an array and returns the number of elements in this array Image type IPI_PIXEL_U8 116 SGL Input image is the image used for this operation row_or_column specifies operation on a row or column
9. no alert dialog IPI_GetErrorM ode IPIErrorMode IPI_GetErrorMode void Purpose This function returns the current error mode The error mode is programmed using IPI_SetErrorMode IP _ GetLastError IPIError IPI_GetLastError char procName Purpose This function returns the last error recorded using IPI_ProcessError After reading the error is cleared Input procName is the name of the IMAQ Vision function where the last error has occurred National Instruments Corporation 3 3 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI Chapter 3 Management Functions IPI_ProcessError IPIError IPI_ProcessError char procName IPIError error Purpose This function is called internally by every IMAQ Vision function to record errors IPI_SetErrorMode determines the behavior of this function for example whether a warning dialog appears Input procName is the C string containing the calling function name This name appears in the error dialog error is the error code to record IPI_CloseSys IPIError IPI_CloseSys void Purpose This function clears the IMAQ Vision memory subsystem It disposes of memory allocated by IMAQ Vision and returns it to the initial environment IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI 3 4 National Instruments Corporation Display and File Functions Display Chapter This chapter describes the IMAQ Vision display and f
10. surface of a particle in user defined units IPI_PP_HoleNumber number of hole in the particle e IPI_PP_HoleArea total surface of every holes in a particle in user defined units e IPI_PP_AreaTotal full surface occupied by the particles and its holes in user defined units IPI_PP_AreaScanned surface of the image in user defined units e IPI_PP_RatioAreaTotal ratio of the surface of the particle to the total surface of particles IPI_PP_RatioAreaScanned ratio of the surface of the particle to the surface of the image e IPI_PP_CenterMassX abscissa of the center of mass of the particle IPI_PP_CenterMassY ordinate of the center of mass of the particle e IPI_PP_RectLeft abscissa of the bounding rectangle e IPI_PP_RectTop upper ordinate of the bounding rectangle e IPI_PP_RectRight right abscissa of the bounding rectangle IPI_PP_RectBottom lower ordinate of the bounding rectangle e IPI_PP_RectWidth width of the bounding rectangle in user defined units National Instruments Corporation 6 51 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI Chapter 6 Image Processing Functions IPI_ IPI_ IPI_ IPI_ IPI_ IPI_ partic IPI_ IPI_ IPI_ IPI_ IPI_ IPI_ do no IPI_ PP_RectHeight height of the bounding rectangle in user defined units PP_MaxSegment longest horizontal segment of the particle PP_MaxSegment X left abscissa of the longest segment of the particle PP_MaxSegment Y ordinate of
11. Hong Kong 2645 3186 2686 8505 Israel 03 5734815 03 5734816 Italy 02 413091 02 41309215 Japan 03 5472 2970 03 5472 2977 Korea 02 596 7456 02 596 7455 Mexico 5 520 2635 5 520 3282 Netherlands 0348 433466 0348 430673 Norway 32 84 84 00 32 84 86 00 Singapore 2265886 2265887 Spain 91 640 0085 91 640 0533 Sweden 08 730 49 70 08 730 43 70 Switzerland 056 200 51 51 056 200 51 55 Taiwan 02 377 1200 02 737 4644 U K 01635 523545 01635 523154 Technical Support Form Photocopy this form and update it each time you make changes to your software or hardware and use the completed copy of this form as a reference for your current configuration Completing this form accurately before contacting National Instruments for technical support helps our applications engineers answer your questions more efficiently If you are using any National Instruments hardware or software products related to this problem include the configuration forms from their user manuals Include additional pages if necessary Name Company Address Fax Phone Computer brand Model Processor Operating system include version number Clock speed MHz RAM MB Display adapter Mouse yes ___no Other adapters installed Hard disk capacity MB Brand Instruments used National Instruments hardware product model Revision Configuration National Instruments software product Version Configuration The problem is
12. IP I_ROW indicates an operation on arow IPI_COLUMN indicates an operation on a column row_col_index is the row or column number to be extracted array_format indicates the data type of the array using one of the following LabWindows standard values VAL_CHAR character e VAL_SHORT_INTEGER sShort integer e VAL_INTEGER integer e VAL_FLOAT floating point e VAL_DOUBLE double precision e VAL_UNSIGNED_SHORT_INTEGER Unsigned short integer e VAL_UNSIGNED_INTEGER unsigned integer VAL_UNSIGNED_CHAR unsigned character Output array is the pointer to the pixel array allocated by you It must be big enough to contain all elements nb_of_elements returns the number of elements copied into the array IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI 5 8 National Instruments Corporation Chapter 5 Tools Functions IDI SetRowCol IPIError IPI_SetRowCol IPIImageRef image int row_or_column int row_col_index int array_format void array int nb_of_elements Purpose This function changes the values of pixels in either a row or a column in an image An array that you define contains the new values of the pixels Image type IPI_PIXEL_U8 116 SGL Input image is the image to modify row_or_column specifies operation on a row or column IPI_ROW indicates an operation on a row IPI_COLUMN indicates an operation on a column row_col_index
13. IPI_And function 6 7 IPI_ArrayToColorImage function 6 81 IPI_ArrayToComplexImage function 6 66 to 6 67 O National Instruments Corporation 1 3 Index IPI_ArrayToComplexPlane function 6 68 IPI_ArrayTolmage function 5 13 IPI_AutoBThreshold function 6 14 to 6 15 IPI_AutoMThreshold function 6 15 to 6 16 IPI_BasicParticle function 6 48 to 6 49 IPI_Cast function 5 19 IPI_Centroid function 6 46 to 6 47 IPI_Circles function 6 36 to 6 37 IPI_ClearWROI function 4 17 IPI_CloseSys function 3 4 IPI_ColorConversion function 6 81 to 6 82 IPI_ColorEqualize function 6 73 IPI_ColorHistogram function 6 73 to 6 75 IPI_ColorImageToArray function 6 80 IPI_ColorThreshold function 6 75 to 6 76 IPI_ColorToInteger function 6 83 to 6 84 IPI_ColorUserLookup function 6 76 to 6 77 IPI_Compare function 6 10 IPI_ComplexAdd function 6 62 to 6 63 IPI_ComplexAttenuate function 6 61 IPI_ComplexConjugate function 6 60 IPI_ComplexDivide function 6 65 to 6 66 IPI_ComplexFlipFrequency function 6 61 IPI_ComplexImageToArray function 6 66 IPI_ComplexMultiply function 6 64 to 6 65 IPI_ComplexPlaneToArray function 6 67 IPI_ComplexSubtract function 6 63 to 6 64 IPI_ComplexTruncate function 6 62 IPI_Convert function 5 18 IPI_ConvertByLookup function 5 19 to 5 20 IPI_Convex function 6 37 to 6 38 IPI_Convolute function 6 28 to 6 29 IPI_Copy function 5 6 IPI_Create function initializing IMAQ Vision internal tables 2 5 purpose and use 3 1
14. The only way to initialize the IMAQ Vision internal tables is by calling one of these two functions IPI_Create IPI_InitSys IPI_Create implicitly calls the IPI_InitSys Do not use any other function prior to one of these two calls You must end IMAQ Vision function calls by calling IPI_CloseSys This destroys all internal tables and sets them in the initial state Notice that IPI_Create is often the first function to be used Under IMAQ Vision an image is a private structure The only way to create images is by calling IPI_Create IPI_Create returns an image reference you systematically use when calling other IMAQ Vision functions However with functions such as IPI_Get ImageInfo you have access to everything you need to know about image structure and mapping including the pixel address National Instruments Corporation 2 5 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI Chapter 2 E Note Basic Concepts No limitation exists in the number or size of images you can create The only limit is the amount of memory installed in your computer Depending on the function you might need one or more image references In some cases you might only need one image reference Typically the functions that analyze an image read an image from a file or transform a user array into an image IPI_ArrayToImage for example use one image reference only In other cases you might need to use a second image as a mask image If
15. y_filter_size is the size of the vertical matrix axis order_number is the order number chosen after classifying the values Lighter images result when using a higher order number such as 7 in a 3x3 matrix Darker images result when using a lower order number such as 1 in a 3x3 matrix A median center pixel operation has the advantage of standardizing the gray level values without significantly modifying the shape of the objects or the overall brightness in the image IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI 6 32 National Instruments Corporation Chapter 6 Image Processing Functions If the input order value is 0 the obtained image is representative of the local minimum of the source image If the order value is equal to x_filter_size y_filter_size 1 the obtained image is representative of the local maximum of the source image Morphology The morphological transformations are divided into two groups binary morphology and gray level morphology In binary morphology the pixels are either ON with a pixel value different than 0 or OFF a pixel value equal to 0 However with gray level morphology the aim is to compare a pixel with those surrounding it and to keep the pixel value which is the smallest erosion or the largest dilation Functions responsible for binary morphological transformations only accept an 8 bit image type while the functions for gray level morphological transformations IPI_GrayMorphology can accept
16. 49 to 6 50 IPI_ParticleCoeffs function 6 51 to 6 53 IPI_PIXEL_COMPLEX value table 2 2 IPI_PIXEL_I16 value table 2 2 IPI_PIXEL_RGB value table 2 2 IPI_PIXEL_SG value table 2 2 IPI_PIXEL_U8 value table 2 2 IPI_ProcessError function 3 4 IPI_Quantify function 6 45 to 6 46 IPI_ReadFile function 4 19 IPI_RejectBorder function 6 41 to 6 42 IPI_RemoveWCallback function 4 12 IPI_ReplaceColorPlanes function 6 72 IPI_ReplaceComplexPlane function 6 69 IPI_Resample function 5 5 IPI_ROIToMask function 4 17 to 4 18 IPI_Rotate function 6 56 IPI_Segmentation function 6 42 IPI_Separation function 6 39 to 6 40 IPI_SetActiveTool function 4 10 to 4 11 IPI_SetColorLine function 6 79 to 6 80 IPI_SetColorPixel function 6 78 IPI_SetErrorMode function 3 3 IPI_SetImageCalibration function 5 2 to 5 3 IPI_SetImageSize function 5 2 IPI_SetLine function 5 11 IPI_SetPixel Value function 5 7 IPI_SetRowCol function 5 9 IPI_SetWindow2DAttributes function 4 5 IPI_SetWindowAttributes function 4 4 to 4 5 IPI_SetWindToolsAttribute function 4 9 to 4 10 IPI_SetWROI function 4 16 IPI_Shift function 6 57 IPI_Skeleton function 6 42 to 6 43 IPI_Subtract function 6 2 IPI_Symmetry function 6 57 to 6 58 IPL Threshold function purpose and use 6 12 to 6 13 source_image and dest_image parameter example 2 7 National Instruments Corporation 1 5 Index IPI_UserLookup function 6 18 to 6 19 IPI_WindClose function 4 7 to 4 8 I
17. 8 bit 16 bit or floating images An image is considered to be binary after it has undergone a threshold function IPI_Threshold IPI_AutoBThreshold and so on In IMAQ Vision binary morphology is divided into two groups The primary operations operate a single function IPI_Morphology These might be erosions dilations openings closings or contour extractions The advanced functions complete multiple operations These functions include the separation of particles removing either small or large particles filling holes in particles removing particles that touch the border of the image creating the skeleton of particles and so on Morphological transformations depend on an object known as the structuring element With this structuring element you have control of the effect of the functions on the shape and the boundary of objects In IMAQ Vision the structuring element descriptor is a structure that controls which pixels are to be processed and which pixels are to be left alone A structuring element must have a center pixel and therefore must have odd sized axes The contents of the structuring element are also considered to be binary zero or not zero The most common structuring element is a 3x3 matrix that contains only ones 1 This is usually the default model for binary and gray level morphological transformations You are advised to have some knowledge of structuring elements before experimenting with user chosen sizes and cont
18. Corporation Chapter 6 Image Processing Functions IPI_LowPass IPIError IPI_LowPass IPIImageRef source_image IPIImageRef mask_image IPIImageRef dest_image int x_filter_size int y_filter_size float tolerance Purpose This function computes the inter pixel variation between the pixel being processed and those surrounding it If the pixel being processed has a variation greater than a specific percentage it is set to the average pixel value as calculated from the neighboring pixels The source and the destination image must be of the same type The source image has to be created with a border capable of using the size of the convolution matrix A 3x3 matrix must have a minimum border of 1 a5x5 matrix must have a minimum border of 2 and so on The border size of the destination image is not important Image type IPI_PIXEL_U8 116 SGL Mask image type IPI_PIXEL_U8 Input source_image is the image on which the low pass processing is made mask_image is the image that contains the mask applied to the source image It indicates the region of the image where the convolution is applied Only pixels in the original image that correspond to a non NULL pixel in the mask are used A low pass on the complete image occurs if this input is equal to IPI_NOMASK dest_image is the resulting image x_filter_size is the size of the horizontal matrix axis y_filter_size is the size of the vertical matrix axis tolerance is
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20. Note The high and low frequency components of an FFT image are flipped to produce a central symmetric representation of the spatial frequencies Image type IPI_PIXEL_COMPLEX Input complex_source_image is the source image complex_dest_image is the image that contains the flipped frequencies image IPI_ComplexAttenuate IPIError IPI_ComplexAttenuate IPIImageRef complex_source_image IPIImageRef complex_dest_image int high_pass Purpose This function attenuates the frequencies of a complex image Image type IPI_PIXEL_COMPLEX Input complex_source_image is the source image complex_dest_image contains the resulting image high_pass determines which frequencies are attenuated Choose TRUE to attenuate the high frequencies or FALSE to attenuate the low frequencies National Instruments Corporation 6 61 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI Chapter 6 Image Processing Functions IPI_ComplexTruncate IPIError IPI_ComplexTruncate IPIImageRef complex_source_image IPIImageRef complex_dest_image int high_pass float truncation_frequency Purpose This function truncates the frequencies of a complex image Image type IPI_PIXEL_COMPLEX Input complex_source_image is the source image complex_dest_image contains the resulting image high_pass determines which frequencies are truncated Choose TRUE to remove the high frequencies or FALSE to remove the low frequencies t
21. RGB32 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI 5 4 National Instruments Corporation Chapter 5 Tools Functions Input source_image is the source image to extract dest_image is the resulting image x_subsample is the vertical sampling step and defines the columns to be extracted the horizontal reduction ratio For example with an x_subsample equal to 3 one out of every three columns are extracted from the source_image into the dest_image Each column is extracted if the default value 1 is used y _subsample is the horizontal sampling step and defines the lines to be extracted the vertical reduction ratio Each row is extracted if the default value 1 is used rectangle is a Rect structure containing the coordinates and the sizes of the region to extract IPI_Resample IPIError IPI_Resample IPIImageRef source_image IPIImageRef dest_image int x_new_size int y_new_size Rect rectangle Purpose This function resizes the original image to a user defined resolution It is useful for displaying a reduced or enlarged image that is zoom in zoom out Image type IPI_PIXEL_U8 RGB32 Input source_image is the source image to resample dest_image is the resulting image x_new_size is the final horizontal size of the image y_new_size is the final vertical size of the image rectangle is a Rect structure containing the coordinates and the size of the region to extract and resample National Instrument
22. This function extracts the real or imaginary plane of a complex image Image type IPI_PIXEL_COMPLEX SGL Input complex_source_image is the source image used for this operation dest_image is the resulting spatial image that contains the extracted plane IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI 6 68 National Instruments Corporation Chapter 6 Image Processing Functions plane indicates the plane to be extracted e O real e 1 imaginary e 2 magnitude e 3 phase IPI_ReplaceComplexPlane IPIError IPI_ReplaceComplexPlan IPIImageRef source_image IPIImageRef complex_dest_image int plane Purpose This function replaces the real or imaginary plane of a complex image Image type IPI_PIXEL_COMPLEX Input source_image is the source image used for this operation complex_dest_image is the image that contains the result plane selects the plane to replace e O real e imaginary Color Typical color images are coded using three planes red green and blue In reality pixels are encoded in 32 bits four channels National Instruments Corporation bits 31 to 24 the alpha channel not used bits 23 to 16 the red channel bits 15 to 8 the green channel bits 7 to 0O the blue channel 6 69 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI Chapter 6 Image Processing Functions However this representation is not valid on every 32 bit micro processor type From the memo
23. and 3 3 Notice that the origin is always the upper left hand corner pixel IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI 2 10 National Instruments Corporation Chapter 2 Basic Concepts The hexaProcessing Field Remember that a digital image is a 2D array of pixels arranged in a regular rectangular grid In image processing this grid can have two different pixel frames square or hexagonal As a result the structuring element applied during a morphological transformation can have either a square or hexagonal frame You make the decision to use a square frame or hexagonal frame This decision affects how the algorithm analyzes the image when you process it with functions that use this frame concept The chosen pixel frame directly affects the output from morphological measurements perimeter surface and so on However the frame has no effect on the availability of the pixel in memory By default the square frame is used in IMAQ Vision hexaProcessing contains 0 Use a hexagonal frame to obtain highly precise results As shown below with a hexagonal plane the even lines shift a half pixel to the right Therefore the hexagonal frame places the pixels in a configuration similar to a true circle In those cases when the hexagonal frame is used only the structuring element values that possess an x are used Square 3x3 Hexagonal 3x3 Figure 2 4 Square vs Hexagonal Frames It is clear that the size of the structuring element directly determi
24. can be altered by the following keyboard keys e lt Shift gt forces a straight line when using the line regions tool a square when using the rectangle regions tool a circle when using the oval regions tool or reduces the zoom factor when using the zoom tool e lt Shift gt before a lt click gt adds a ROI e lt Control gt moves a region when you click on the region while pressing the lt Control gt key e lt Control gt before a lt click gt displaces a ROI Input icon_per_line selects the number of visible tool icons per line This parameter configures the width of the tools window The number of lines are determined by the number of remaining available icons The value 4 is recommended IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI 4 8 O National Instruments Corporation Chapter 4 Display and File Functions tool_list is a pointer to an array specifying the tool icons to show Use IPI_WT_STDLIST if you want to use the standard full tool icons list If you want to configure the tool icons list yourself you can create your own array putting the following values in the order you want e IPI_WT_POINT point regions tool You can select a pixel in the image e IPI_WT_LINE line regions tool You can draw a line in the image e IPI_WT_RECTANGLE in the image rectangle regions tool You can draw a rectangle or square IPI_WT_OVAL oval regions tool You can draw an oval or circle in the image
25. eneee ipe i eriin 6 75 IPI ColorUserLook p nisn ete sssscenvervedenseven ves soaceessenaes 6 76 IPT GetColorPrx el oi iia 6 78 TPL SetColorPixel it acia 6 78 IPI GetColorTMme tii td aie ee epeak EOE EEAS 6 79 IPI SetColor Eine san na EES Se 6 79 IPI Col rlmaseToA tay ken ii ed S E 6 80 IPI ArrayToColorlmage AAA 6 81 IPI ColorConversion cccccccccccninnnnonocananananananononononcnnonononononanonanoncnnnnos 6 81 IPL Tnte ser ToCol or cicscicaieesccasiicee sects teessvesste E E E E A 6 82 IPE Color Totes tee e Sege tives canta Greet onan 6 83 National Instruments Corporation ix IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI Contents Appendix Customer Communication Index Figures Figure 2 1 Figure 2 2 Figure 2 3 Figure 2 4 Figure 2 5 Tables Table 2 1 Table 2 2 Table 4 1 Table 6 1 Table 6 2 Table 6 3 Table 6 4 Table 6 5 Table 6 6 Table 6 7 Table 6 8 Table 6 9 Table 6 10 Table 6 11 Table 6 12 Connect VY Mstessreuesiss gedet Eed Gr ee Seed 2 9 Example of Connectivity Processing ooooconicnocnnocnonnnoncnnncnncnnconncrnncnncnnos 2 9 Structuring Element ue SEENEN EEN AEN NEEN ee 2 10 Square vs Hexagonal Frames oooooonncocononcnnccononnconocononnncnnonnnnn conc rancnn conos 2 11 Structuring Element Morphological Results 00 0 cece eeeeeeeeereeees 2 11 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI Image Types 0 0 eee eeeenees 2 2 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI Function Types cesses 2 4 Event Tool
26. for LabWindows CVI 6 28 O National Instruments Corporation Chapter 6 Image Processing Functions Image type IPI_PIXEL_U8 116 SGL Mask image type IPI_PIXEL_U8 Input source_image is the image on which the convolution is made mask_image is the image that contains the mask applied to the source image It indicates the region of the image where the convolution is applied Only pixels in the original image that correspond to a non NULL pixel in the mask are processed A convolution on the complete image occurs if this input is equal to IPI_NOMASK dest_image is the resulting image convolution_matrix_descriptor is a pointer to a structure containing the following information see the section JPI_GetConvolutionMatrix in this chapter e convolution matrix width e convolution matrix height e pointer to convolution matrix elements e divider 0 0 means matrix sum border_method indicates the method used to fill the border of the image before processing it e IPI_BO_MIRROR repeat the last line of pixels by symmetry e IPI_BO_COPY COpy the last line of pixels e IPI_BO_CLEAR all the border pixels are set to 0 National Instruments Corporation 6 29 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI Chapter 6 Image Processing Functions IPI_GrayEdge IPIError IPI_GrayEdge IPIImageRef source_image IPIImageRef mask_image IPIImageRef dest_image IPIEdgeMethod method float threshold Purpose This func
27. image operator indicates the type of morphological transformation procedure to use e IPI_MO AUTOM auto median IPI_MO_CLOSE closing Dilation followed by an erosion e IPI_MO_DILATE dilation The opposite of an erosion see below e IPI_MO_ERODE erosion Eliminates pixels in a source image e IPI_MO_GRADIENT int amp ext edges Extraction of internal and external contours of a particle IPI_MO_GRADIOUT ext edge Extraction of external contours of a particle e IPI_MO_GRADIN int edge Extraction of internal contours of a particle IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI 6 34 National Instruments Corporation Chapter 6 Image Processing Functions IPI_MO_HITM hit miss Erases all pixels that do not have the same pattern as found in the structuring element e IPI_MO_OPEN opening Erosion followed by a dilation E IPI_MO_PCLOSE proper closing A succession of seven closings and openings e IPI_MO_POPEN proper opening A succession of seven openings and closings e IPI_MO_THICK thick Turn ON all pixels matching the pattern in the structuring element e IPI_MO THIN thin Turn OFF all pixels matching the pattern in the structuring element structuring_element_descriptor is a pointer to a structure that describes the structuring element to be applied to the image A structuring element of 3x3 is used if this input is equ
28. image complex_source_B_image is the second source image complex_dest_image is the image that contains the result of the operation complex_constant is the constant added to the input complex_source_A_image for an operation between an image and a constant IPI_ComplexSubtract IPIError IPI_ComplexSubtract IPIImageRef complex_source_A image IPIImageRef complex_source_B_image IPIImageRef complex_dest_image IPIPixComplex constant Purpose This function subtracts two images where the first is a complex image An operation between an image and a constant occurs when the input complex_source_B_image is equal to IPI_USECONSTANT The two possibilities are distinguished in the following manner dest x y source A x y source B x y or dest x y source A x y constant National Instruments Corporation 6 63 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI Chapter 6 Image Processing Functions The result of this operation follows e The resulting real part is the subtraction between the real parts of the input images and e the resulting imaginary part is the subtraction between the imaginary parts of the input images Image type IPI_PIXEL_COMPLEX Input complex_source_A_image is the first source image and must be a complex image complex_source_B_image is the second source image complex_dest_image contains the resulting image complex_constant is the constant subtracted from the input complex_source_A
29. integer e VAL_FLOAT floating point s VAL OUBLE double precision e VAL_UNSIGNED_INTEGER unsigned integer F D e VAL_UNSIGNED_SHORT_INTEGER unsigned short integer U U e VAL_UNSIGNED_CHAR unsigned character Output lookup_ptr points to a lookup table containing 256 elements encoded in 0 and 1 If the threshold value is 160 the values between 0 and 159 become 0 and the values between 160 and 255 become 1 This array can be directly used by IPI_UserLookup threshold_value returns the computed threshold value IPI_AutoM Threshold IPIError IPI_AutoMThreshold IPIImageRef image int number_of_classes int lookup_format void lookup_ptr IPIThresholdData threshold_data Purpose Automatic Multi Threshold is a variant of the classification by clustering method The method is based on a reiterated measurement of a histogram Starting from a random sort the method determines the gray scale values After finding the best result it segments the histogram into n groups These groups are based on the fact that each point in a group is closer to the barycenter of its own group than the barycenter of another group National Instruments Corporation 6 15 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI Chapter 6 Image Processing Functions The function outputs the threshold data in the following two forms e A lookup table LUT directly usable by IPI_UserLookup e An array di
30. of the circular objects even when multiple circular objects are overlapping In addition this function draws the circles in the destination image It constructs and uses a Danielsson distance map to determine the radius of each object Image type IPI_PIXEL_U8 Input source_image is the image to transform dest_image is the resulting image IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI 6 36 National Instruments Corporation Chapter 6 Image Processing Functions min_radius is the smallest radius in pixels to be detected Undetected circles do not appear in the destination image and have a negative radius value in the circles_report array_ptr output max_radius is the largest radius in pixels to be detected Circles possessing a radius larger than this value do not appear in the destination image and have a negative radius value in the circles_report_array_ptr Output circles_report_array_ptr contains the pointer to the report containing the measurements for all detected circles Each element of the report has a structure with the following elements e xCenter is the horizontal position in pixels of the center of the circle e yCenter is the vertical position in pixels of the center of the circle e radius is the radius of the circle in pixels e area is the surface area in pixels of the nucleus of the circle in the Danielsson distance map iz Note Circles with a radius outside the limits of min_radius or max_radius receive
31. plane It suppresses information related to slow variations of light intensities in the spatial image In this case an inverse FFT after a high pass frequency filter produces an image with sharpened overall patterns and emphasized details for example IPI_ComplexAttenuate or IPI_ComplexTruncate A mask_frequency_filter removes frequencies contained in a mask indicated by you IPI_Mask IPI_WindDraw handles the display of complex images This function displays an image by flipping the high and low frequencies and then dividing their values by a size factor This size factor m is calculated using the following formula m f w h f 32 2 2 4 where w is the width of the image and h is its height IPI_FFT IPIError IPI_FFT IPIImageRef source_image IPIImageRef complex_dest_image Purpose This function computes the FFT of an image Source image type IPI_PIXEL_U8 116 SGL COMPLEX Dest image type IPI_PIXEL_COMPLEX Input source_image is the source image The image must have a resolution of 2 x 2 complex_dest_image is the complex image that contains the resulting FFT image The calculated FFT is not normalized You can use IPI_ComplexDivide to normalize the complex image The complex image is resized to the source image National Instruments Corporation 6 59 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI Chapter 6 Image Processing Functions IPI_InverseFFT IPIError IPI_Invers
32. process on the entire image using the same image as source and destination S IPI_GrayEdge myImage myMaskImage myImage IPI_EDG_PREWITT 0 This function performs the process according a mask using the same image as source and destination H IPI_GrayEdge myImage myMaskImage myEdgelmage IPI_EDG_PREWITT 0 This function performs the process according to a mask using a different image as destination S IPI_GrayEdge myImage IPI_NOMASK myEdgelmage IPI_EDG_PREWITT 0 This function performs the process on the entire image using a different image as destination O National Instruments Corporation 2 7 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI Chapter 2 Basic Concepts Some functions perform arithmetic or logical operations between two images There are two source images for a destination image You can perform an operation between two images and then store the result in another image You can also store the result in one of the two source images if you consider the original data unnecessary The following examples show the possible combinations using IPI_Add function IPI_Add myImageA myImageB myResultImage 0 This function adds two images and puts the result into a third one UP Note In this case the three images are all different my ImageA and myImageB are intact after processing and the result of this operation is stored in myResultImage IPI_Add myImageA myImageB my
33. processing and analysis histogram threshold and the manipulation of color image planes conversions Complex Fast Fourier Transforms FFT inverse FFT truncation attenuation addition subtraction multiplication and division of complex images Functions for the extraction and manipulation of complex planes Conversion Linear or non linear conversions from one image type into another Display Functions covering all aspects of image visualization and image window management You can control up to 16 image windows Image window managers are also included so you can select various shapes for creating and manipulating a region of interest Files Functions for reading and writing images from and to disk files Filters Contains functions such as convolution and non linear filters median gradient low pass Prewitt Sobel Roberts sigma Geometry Includes functions for 3D view rotate shift and symmetry Management Functions initializing the IMAQ Vision subsystem creating listing and disposing of image structures Also includes error handling for all the IMAQ Vision functions Morphology Morphology functions processing binary images Include erosion dilation closing opening edge detection thinning thickening hole filling low pass high pass distance mapping and rejection of particles touching the border Morphology functions for modifying gray
34. profile_array National Instruments Corporation 6 47 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI Chapter 6 Image Processing Functions profile_report points to a structure which contains relevant information on the pixels found in the indicated line It returns the following elements e start corrected start point e end corrected end point e minValue lowest value of the line e maxValue highest value of the line e meanValue mean gray value of the line e stdDeviation standard deviation of the line profile e count number of pixels on the line IPI_BasicParticle IPIError IPI_BasicParticle IPIImageRef image int connectivity_8 IPIBasicPReportPtr particles_report_array_ptr int nb_of_detected_particles Purpose This function detects and returns the area and position of particles in a binary image Image type IPI_PIXEL_U8 Input image is the image scanned to detect the particles The image must be binary a threshold IPI_PIXEL_U8 image A particle consists of pixels that are not set to 0 This source image must have been created with a border size of at least 2 connectivity_8 indicates the connectivity used for particle detection The connectivity mode determines if an adjacent pixel belongs to the same particle or to a different particle Possible values are e TRUE The function completes particle detection in connectivity mode 8 e FALSE The function completes particle detection in conne
35. ratio e IPI_ATTR_VH_GRID vertical and horizontal drawing grid Output V_attribute_value points to the vertical attribute value H_attribute_value points to the horizontal attribute value IPI_WindClose IPIError IPI_WindClose int window_number int close_all_windows Purpose This function closes an image window It also destroys the space reserved in memory for the image window National Instruments Corporation 4 7 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI Chapter 4 Display and File Functions Input window_number 0 15 indicates the image window to close by a number from O to 15 close_all_windows indicates that all the image windows are to be closed if this value 1s set to TRUE If this value is FALSE only the indicated window is closed Display Tools The following functions control display tools IPI_WindTooIsSetup IPIError IPI_WindToolsSetup int icon_per_line IPITool tool_list int tool_icon_count int draw_coordinates Purpose The windToo1s palette is a floating palette where you find tools to create a ROI in the image This function must be called prior to any other function related to the WindTools This function controls the configuration and the appearance of the WindTools Note You can read the coordinates of a selected region with IPI_GetLastEvent IPI_GetLastWEvent or by installing a callback procedure using IP1_Instal1WCallback The regions tools
36. source_image EL_116 This array is completed with values equal to the index if it has less elements than the maximum needed by the image type in source_image nb_of_lookup_elements indicates the number of elements in the lookup array IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI 5 20 National Instruments Corporation Image Processing Functions Chapter This chapter describes the IMAQ Vision image processing functions These functions encompass arithmetic and logic operations image processing image filtering morphological operations image analysis functions in both the space and frequency domain and functions for geometric complex Arithmetic Operators and color processing of images The following functions perform arithmetic operations between two images or between an image and a constant IPI_Add IPIError IPI_Add IPIImageRef source A image IPIImageRef source_B_image IPIImageRef dest_image float constant Purpose This function adds either an image to source_B_image is equal to IPI_US an image or a constant to an image If ECONSTANT a constant is added to an image The two possibilities are distinguished in the following manner dest x y source A x y source B x y or dest x y source A x y constant Note To add a constant to an image the dest_image must be of the same image type as the source_A_image If the size of one of the two source images is N
37. the IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI 2 6 National Instruments Corporation Chapter 2 Basic Concepts original image data is lost See the following examples applied on the IPI_Threshold function S IPI_Threshold myImage myImage 0 128 1 TRUE This applies a threshold to the image using the same image for the source and destination The content of the image changes IPI_Threshold myImage myBinaryImage 0 128 1 TRUE This applies a threshold to the image using a destination image different from the source The source image remains unchanged while the destination image myBinaryImage contains the result The dest_image is the image that receives the process results Depending on the function its type can be either the same as or different from that of the source_image In later chapters this manual describes each function and the image types allowed for their image input In all cases the size of the image connected to dest_image is irrelevant because the function modifies it automatically to correspond to the source image size Other functions such as linear filters are able to process the image according to a mask_image This kind of function has three image references as input parameters source_image mask_image and dest_image See the following implementations of the IPI_GrayEdge function s IPI_GrayEdge myImage IPI_NOMASK myImage IPI_EDG_PREWITT 0 This function performs the
38. the percentage of the maximum variation authorized National Instruments Corporation 6 31 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI Chapter 6 Image Processing Functions IPI_NthOrder IPIError IPI_NthOrder IPIImageRef source_image IPIImageRef mask_image IPIImageRef dest_image int x_filter_size int y_filter_size int order_number Purpose This function filters an image using a non linear filter This algorithm orders or classifies the pixel values surrounding the pixel being processed The pixel being processed is set to the Nth pixel value which is order number The source and the destination image must be of the same type The source image must be created with a border capable of using the size of the convolution matrix A 3x3 matrix must have a minimum border of 1 a 5x5 matrix must have a minimum border of 2 and so on The border size of the destination image is not important Image type IPI_PIXEL_U8 116 SGL Mask image type IPI_PIXEL_U8 Input source_image is the image on which the processing is made mask_image is the image that contains the mask applied to the source image It indicates the region of the image where the convolution is applied Only pixels in the original image that correspond to a non NULL pixel in the mask are used Filtering on the complete image occurs if this input is equal to IPI_NOMASK dest_image is the resulting image x_filter_size is the size of the horizontal matrix axis
39. to 3 2 IPI_Danielsson function 6 38 IPI_Dispose function 3 2 IPI_Distance function 6 38 to 6 39 IPI_Divide function 6 4 IPI_DrawLine function 5 14 to 5 15 IPI_DrawOval function 5 16 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI Index IPI_DrawRect function 5 15 IPI_Equalize function 6 19 to 6 20 IPI_Expand function 5 4 IPI_Extract function 5 4 to 5 5 IPI_ExtractColorPlanes function 6 71 IPI_ExtractComplexPlane function 6 68 to 6 69 IPI_FFT function 6 59 IPI_FillHole function 6 40 IPI_FreeROI function 4 18 IPI_GetActiveTool function 4 11 IPI_GetColorLine function 6 79 IPI_GetColorPixel function 6 78 IPI_GetConvolutionMatrix function 6 21 to 6 28 Gaussian 3x3 table 6 27 Gaussian 5x5 table 6 28 Gaussian 7x7 table 6 28 gradient 3x3 table 6 23 gradient 5x5 table 6 24 gradient 7x7 table 6 25 input 6 22 Laplacian 3x3 table 6 25 Laplacian 5x5 table 6 26 Laplacian 7x7 table 6 26 purpose 6 21 to 6 22 smoothing 3x3 table 6 26 smoothing 5x5 table 6 27 smoothing 7x7 table 6 27 IPI_GetErrorMode function 3 3 IPI_GetFileInfo function 4 20 to 4 21 IPI_GetImagelInfo function 5 1 to 5 2 IPI_GetLastError function 3 3 IPI_GetLastEvent function 4 12 to 4 14 event tool coordinates table 4 13 to 4 14 output 4 13 purpose 4 12 IPI_GetLastWEvent function 4 15 IPI_GetLine function purpose and use 5 10 user pointers example 2 12 to 2 13 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI 1 4 IPI_GetPixelAddres
40. transparent to you Borders are necessary when you want to perform a morphological transformation a convolution or a particle analysis All these processes include an operation between neighboring pixels These operations assign a new value to a pixel in relation to the value of its neighbor With the border operations can treat all pixels the same way Overview The IMAQ Vision installation adds three important files in your current LabWindows CVI directory e IMAQ CVI H contains all constants enumerated types structures and prototypes related to IMAQ Vision e IMAQ CVI FP contains all functions front panels These panels are similar to the other LabWindows CVI functions front panels IMAQ_CVI LIB contains the code of the IMAQ Vision functions This library is compatible with Microsoft VISUAL C O National Instruments Corporation 2 3 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI Chapter 2 Basic Concepts The IMAQ Vision function tree IMAQ_CVI FP contains separated classes corresponding to a group or a type of function When choosing IMAQ Vision in the LabWindows CVI Instrument menu the following table appears Table 2 2 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI Function Types Function Type Description Analysis Functions analyzing the contents of an image Basic and complex particle detection Extraction of measurements and morphological coefficients for each object in an image Color Functions for color image
41. unsigned character Array defines the pointer to the pixel array containing the new pixel values which are copied into the image nb_of_elements defines the number of elements in the array National Instruments Corporation 5 11 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI Chapter 5 Tools Functions IPI_ImageToArray IPIError IPI_ImageToArray IPIImageRef image Rect rectangle int array_format void array int array_x_size int array_y_size Purpose This function extracts a pixel array from an image Image type IPI_PIXEL_U8 116 SGL Input image is the image used for this operation rectangle is a Rect structure containing the coordinates and the size of the rectangle to extract from the image array_format indicates the data type of the array using one of the following LabWindows standard values VAL_CHAR character e VAL_SHORT_INTEGER short integer e VAL_INTEGER integer e VAL_FLOAT floating point e VAL_DOUBLE double precision e VAL_UNSIGNED_SHORT_INTEGER Unsigned short integer e VAL_UNSIGNED_INTEGER unsigned integer e VAL_UNSIGNED_CHAR unsigned character Output array is the pointer to the pixel array allocated by you It must be big enough to contain all the copied elements array_x_size returns the horizontal number of copied elements in the array array_y_size returns the vertical number of copied el
42. y Min 255 Max Min Image type IPI_PIXEL_U8 116 SGL RGB32 COMPLEX Input image indicates the image to display window_number 0 15 indicates the image window where the image is displayed Up to 16 windows can be displayed simultaneously Each window is labeled with a value ranging from 0 to 15 Only the image window indicated in image is affected by the function IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI 4 2 O National Instruments Corporation Chapter 4 Display and File Functions window_title is the image window name If the string is not empty the image window automatically takes that name The default name for the image window is Image lt Window Number gt resize_window indicates if you want to automatically resize the image window to fit the image size With this you do not have to know the size of a source image prior to displaying it IPI_WSetPalette IPIError IPI_WSetPalette int window_number IPIPalette palette int color_table Purpose This function sets a color palette to an image window Input window_number 0 15 uses a number from 0 to 15 to indicate the image window to use palette indicates one of the five predefined palettes or a user color table e IPI_PLT_GRAY gray Gray scale is the default palette The color tables for the red green and blue planes are identical e IPI_PLT_BINARY binary palette is designed especially for binary images IPI_PLT_GRADIENT g
43. 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 7 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 2 3 3 3 2 1 0001000 1233321 1222221 0111110 matrix and content 2 0111110 12 2 2 2 2 1 1233321 0000000 1 2 3 3 3 2 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 6 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 2 3 3 3 2 1 0000000 1233321 1222221 0111110 matrix and content 1 0 1 10110 1220221 1230321 1 2 3 1321 1 2 3 0 3 2 1 1 2 2 02 2 1 0 1 1 0110 5 O 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 2 2 0 2 2 1 1 2 3 0 3 2 1 1 2 3 1 3 2 1 1 2 3 0 3 2 1 1 2 2 0 2 2 1 O 1 1 0 1 1 0 matrix and content 0 0 1 1 0110 1 2 2 0 2 2 1 1 2 3 0 3 2 1 1 2 3 0 3 2 1 1 2 3 0 3 2 1 1 2 2 0 2 2 1 0 1 1 0110 4 0110 1 10 1 2 2 0 2 2 1 1 2 3 0 3 2 1 1 2 3 0 3 2 1 1 2 3 0 3 2 1 1 2 2 0 2 2 1 O 1 1 0 1 1 0 Laplacian 3x3 Table 6 4 matrix and content 3 1 1 1 1 8 1 1 1 1 7 1 2 1 2 13 2 1 2 1 matrix and content 2 0 1 0 1 6 1 0 1 0 6 1 2 1 2 12 2 l1 2 1 matrix and content 1 0 10 1 5 1 0 10 5 1 1 1 1 10 1 1 1 1 matrix and content 0 0 10 1 4 1 0 10 4 1 1 1 1 9 1 1 1 1 6 25 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI National Instruments Corporation Chapter 6 Image Processing Functions Table 6 5 Laplacian 5x5 matrix and conten
44. 212 101 21 121 010 l1 2 1 25 1 0 1 2 1 2 1 0 1 29 l1 2 1 010 121 matrix and content 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 4 1 1 1 000 l1 1 1 8 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 12 l1 1 1 000 1 1 1 16 1 0 1 2 0 2 1 0 1 20 121 000 l1 2 1 24 1 0 1 2 0 2 1 0 1 28 1 2 1 000 121 6 23 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI National Instruments Corporation Image Processing Functions Chapter 6 Gradient 5x5 Table 6 2 gt E KE SC VE Bi e E SA EE an a Kar Noo e CH CH ry oo oo e a yp OO oo ah le Ei ES E KI CH SCH ler le N o zt co CH SE E Ee a dE CH at SE DEE D oee conan Too O oO m E w E vo w 3 N AN EI EI CH ASNO A A Ona oro SOT E E Enter Ge EEN E enk e a Se EI CH CH Ce KE Se CF kat den bel E E ng ool ote K emm mme Sek E E ei ri vi E Se Se w E w E vo 32 S EEGEN ono TSO SaaS SSS 3 N aN ANA OSA o OO OH re Kb See E EI ee Zonen ee Jl III Nanona a I 20000 I ANA 4 Phe be Ve sao Ed rg bw NG en deer K ES Bea S Sone HO AA gt E 6 24 National Instruments Corporation IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI Image Processing Functions Chapter 6 Gradient 7x7 Table 6 3 matrix and content 3 0111110 12 22 22 1233321 0001000 1 2 3 3 3 2 1 1 2 2 2 2 2
45. 30 e border defines the border size in the 3D view The default value is 20 e background defines the background color for the 3D view The default value is 85 e plane indicates the view to show if the image is complex For complex images the default plane shown is the magnitude plane The four possible planes can be visualized from a complex image as follows O real 1 Zimaginary 2 magnitude 3 phase IPI_ Rotate IPIError IPI_Rotate IPIImageRef source_image IPIImageRef dest_image float angle float fill_value Purpose This function rotates an image counterclockwise Image type IPI_PIXEL_U8 116 SGL RGB32 Input source_image is the input image dest_image is the resulting image angle indicates the rotation angle in degrees fi1l1_value defines the new pixel value due to the rotation IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI 6 56 National Instruments Corporation Chapter 6 Image Processing Functions IP Shift IPIError IPI_Shift IPIImageRef source_image IPIImageRef dest_image int x_shift int y_shift float fill_value Purpose This function translates an image based on a horizontal and vertical offset Image type IPI_PIXEL_U8 116 SGL RGB32 Input source_image is the input image dest_image is the resulting image x_shift is the horizontal offset to add to the image y_shift is the vertical offset to add to an image fill_value defines the new pi
46. A_image for an operation between an image and a constant The constant is rounded down if the image is encoded as an integer IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI 6 4 National Instruments Corporation Chapter 6 Image Processing Functions IPI_Modulo IPIError IPI_Modulo IPIImageRef source A image IPIImageRef source_B_image IPIImageRef dest_image float constant Purpose This function modulo divides between an image and an image or an image and a constant and results in the remainder If source_B_image is equal to IPI_USECONSTANT the modulo of an image and a constant is produced The two possibilities are distinguished in the following manner dest x y source A x y source B x y or dest x y source A x y constant If the source_A_image is a floating point image type the function completes the following operation dest x y source A x y source B x y E source A x y source B x y or dest x y source A x y constant E source A x y constant with E x integer part of x Note To modulo divide an image by a constant the dest_image must be of the same image type as the source_A_image You cannot divide by zero If the constant is 0 it is automatically replaced by 1 If the size of one of the two source images is NULL the result is the copy of the other If source_A_image and source_B_image are different the type of the dest_image must correspond to the type of the source image which
47. Coordinates saires i oiai e cnn nono nonnc R A conos 4 13 Gradient ci iaa SE tie ase ees 6 23 AS EE 6 24 Gradient PRT ais es eet Aven le RG A 6 25 Vaplacian EE 6 25 Laplacian SK E 6 26 Eaplacio TT iii tics 6 26 Smoothing ii igs ek RES ln Ree 6 26 SS EE 6 27 Smoothing TXT scien eaten Haas Rie a ee 6 27 Gaussian geet rg SEA Ee ees 6 27 Galissian 5X56 iiss ek Gi ERG RS AA a 6 28 ET EE 6 28 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI x National Instruments Corporation The IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI user manual describes the features functions and operation of the IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI toolkit To use this manual effectively you must be familiar with image processing LabWindows CVI and your image capture hardware Organization of This Manual This manual is designed to accompany the IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI software Read this section prior to writing C code that uses any of the IMAQ Vision functions The IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI user manual is organized as follows National Instruments Corporation Chapter 1 Introduction describes IMAQ Vision the image processing and analysis library for LabWindows CVI from National Instruments IMAQ Vision is fully integrated with LabWindows CVI making it a powerful development environment for image processing You can use it for almost any type of scientific or industrial tasks from medical microscopy to quality control Chapter 2 Basic Concepts e
48. IError IPI_InitSys void Purpose This function initializes the IMAQ Vision memory subsystem It is implicitly called by IPI_Create One of these two functions must be called prior to any other IMAQ Vision function You only have to use this function if you want to use an IMAQ Vision function before creating an image IDI Create IPIError IPI_Create IPIImageRef image_ptr IPIPixelType pixel_type int border_size Purpose This function creates an image structure reference It is the only way to create a IMAQ Vision image An image reference is simply called image in the rest of this manual After the image is created its size is NULL If you want to fill the image pixels by yourself without using one of the IMAQ Vision functions you have to resize the image pixel space using IPI_SetImageSize and then get the pixel pointer and mapping using IPI_Get ImageInfo Image type IPI_PIXEL_U8 116 SGL RGB32 COMPLEX National Instruments Corporation 3 1 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI Chapter 3 Management Functions Input pixel_type indicates the data format of the pixels within the image The only way to change the image type after creation is to call one of the conversion functions see sections IPI_Convert and IPI_Cast in Chapter 5 Tools Functions The most common image type has pixels coded using an 8 bit unsigned char and is called IPI_PIXEL_U8 in IMAQ Vision However you can use any of the followi
49. I_PIXEL_RGB32 Input color_image is the color image where the line is written start is the start point of the line of pixels end is the end point of the line of pixels National Instruments Corporation 6 79 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI Chapter 6 Image Processing Functions color_array is the allocated array containing the new color pixel values They are copied to the image nb_of_elements indicates the number of pixels of the array Note If the line defined by start and enadis longer than nb_of_elements itis shortened That is only the pixels defined by nb_of_elements are copied If the line is shorter the array is not entirely written to the image IPI_ColorlmageToArray IPIError IPI_ColorImageToArray IPIImageRef color_image Rect rectangle int color_array int array_x_size int array_y_size Purpose This function extracts a pixel array from a color image and returns the size of this array Image type IPI_PIXEL_RGB32 Input color_image is the source color image rectangle is a Rect structure containing the coordinates and the size of the rectangle to extract from the image The operation is applied to the entire image if this parameter is equal to IPI_FULL_RECT The rectangle is defined by a buffer of integers allocated by you Output color_array is an array allocated by you It must be big enough to contain all copied elements of the rectangle array_x_size returns the hor
50. ImageA 0 This function adds two images and puts the result into the first one IPI_Add myImageA myImageB myImageB 0 This function adds two images and puts the result into the second one Most operations between two images require that the images have the same size However arithmetic operations can be performed between two different image types in other words 8 bit and 16 bit IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI IPI_Add myImage IPI_USECONSTANT myResultImage 23 This function adds the image and a constant and puts the results into another image IPI_Add myImage IPI_USECONSTANT myImage 25 This function adds the image and a constant and puts the result into the original image 2 8 O National Instruments Corporation Chapter 2 Basic Concepts Processing Options Connectivity In some functions primarily the morphology function group there is a parameter with which you can specify the pixel connectivity This parameter connectivity_8 selects how the algorithm determines if two adjacent pixels are connected or are part of the same particle Connectivity 4 Connectivity 8 Figure 2 1 Connectivity Example The gray points in the original image define the particles In the subsequent images various shades of gray distinguish the particles Using connectivity 4 six particles are detected Using connectivity 8 three particles are detected Mi N4 A5 gas D6 Original Image Connectivi
51. Minor minor axis of the equivalent ellipse of equal surface to the particle IPI_ IPI_ partic IPI_ PP_RatioEquEllipse ratio of equivalent ellipse axes PP_RectBigSide longest segment of the rectangle of equal surface to the le in user defined units PP_RectSmallSide smallest segment of the rectangle of equal surface to the particle in user defined units IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI 6 52 National Instruments Corporation Chapter 6 Image Processing Functions IPI_PP_RatioRect ratio of the axes of the particle rectangle e IPI_PP_Elongat ion elongation factor V IPI_PP_Compactness compactness factor IPI_PP_Heywood Heywood factor IPI_PP_TypeFactor complex factor between surface and inertia matrix e IPI_PP_HydraulicRadius hydraulic radius in user defined units IPI_PP_WaddelDisk Waddle disk factor e IPI_PP_Diagonal equivalent rectangle diagonal in user defined units nb_of_parameters indicates the number of elements of the parameter_array particles_report_array is an array containing the particle reports nb_of_particle_reports is the number of particles of the particles report array Output particles_coefficient_array is an array filled with the computed particle coefficients You must allocate an array big enough to receive nb_of_parameters nb_of_particle_reports single floating values The computed coefficients are returned particle by particle That m
52. O_CLOSE closing Dilation followed by an erosion IPI_MO_DILATE dilation The opposite of an erosion see below e IPI_MO ERODE erosion Eliminates pixels in a source image e PI MO OPI 13 opening Erosion followed by a dilation e IPI_MO PCLOSE proper closing A succession of seven closings and openings e IPI_MO POPEN proper opening A succession of seven openings and closings structuring_element_descriptor is a pointer to a structure that describes the structuring element to be applied to the image A structuring element of 3x3 is used if this input is equal to IPI_MO_STD3X3 structuring_element_descriptor must have odd sized dimensions to contain a central pixel The function does not take into account the even boundary furthest out on the matrix if one of the dimensions for the structuring element is even For example if the input structuring element is 6x4 X 6 and Y 4 the actual processing is completed at 5x3 Both the 6th line and the 4th row are ignored IPI_ Circles IPIError IPI_Circles IPIImageRef source_image IPIImageRef dest_image float min_radius float max_radius IPICirclesReportPtr circles_report_array_ptr int nb_of_detected_circles Purpose This function separates overlapping circular objects and classifies them depending on their radius surface and perimeter Starting from a binary image it finds the radius and center
53. PI_WindDraw function 4 2 to 4 3 IPI_WindToolsClose function 4 11 IPI_WindToolsSetup function 4 8 to 4 9 IPI_WriteFile function 4 20 IPI_WSetPalette function 4 3 IPI_Xor function 6 8 to 6 9 L logic operators description table 2 5 IPI_And 6 7 IPI_Compare 6 10 IPI_LogDiff 6 11 IPI_Mask 6 9 IPI_Or 6 8 IPI_Xor 6 8 to 6 9 M management functions description table 2 4 IPI_CloseSys 3 4 IPI_Create 2 5 3 1 to 3 2 IPI_Dispose 3 2 IPI_GetErrorMode 3 3 IPI_GetLastError 3 3 IPI_InitSys 3 1 IPI_ProcessError 3 4 IPI_SetErrorMode 3 3 manual See documentation mask_image parameter definition 2 6 processing by linear filters 2 7 MorphoDescPtr functions 2 12 morphology functions description table 2 4 IPL Circles 6 36 to 6 37 IPI_Convex 6 37 to 6 38 IPI_Danielsson 6 38 IPI_Distance 6 38 to 6 39 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI Index IPI_FillHole 6 40 IPI_GrayMorphology 6 35 to 6 36 IPI_LowHighPass 6 40 to 6 41 IPI_Morphology 6 34 to 6 35 IPI_RejectBorder 6 41 to 6 42 IPI_Segmentation 6 42 IPI_Separation 6 39 to 6 40 IPI_Skeleton 6 42 to 6 43 morphological transformations 6 33 to 6 34 overview 6 33 to 6 34 O operator functions See arithmetic operators logic operators P pixel frames 2 11 planes in images 2 1 pointers IPI_GetLine function 2 12 to 2 13 IPI_Histogram function 2 13 to 2 14 user pointers and IMAQ Vision pointers 2 12 to 2 14 processing functions S
54. ROLL_BARS scroll bars e ATTR_HSCROLL_OFFSET horizontal scroll bar offset e ATTR_VSCROLL_OFFSET Vertical scroll bar offset ATTR_CAN_MAXIMIZE can maximize ATTR_CAN_MINIMIZE can minimize close item visible e ATTR_CLOSE_ITEM VISIBLE e ATTR_FLOATING floating window e ATTR_MOVABLE movable window sizable window s ATTR_SIZABLE The IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI specific attributes are the following IPI_ATTR_VZOOM Vertical zoom ratio e IPI_ATTR_HZOOM Horizontal zoom ratio IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI 4 4 National Instruments Corporation IPI_A IPI_A Chapter 4 Display and File Functions R_VGRID Vertical drawing grid R_HGRID Horizontal drawing grid attribute_value contains the value corresponding to the attribute to change With ATTR_TITLE this parameter is a char For all the other attributes it is an integer value IPI_SetWindow2DAttributes IPI Error Purpose This function changes the attribute of the two axes of the image window Input window_number IPI_SetWindow2DAttributes int window_number int window_2D_attribute int V_attribute_ value int H_attribute_value 0 15 indicates the image window to use by a number from 0 to 15 window_2D_attribute is one of the following predefined 2D attributes IPI_A IPI_A IPI_ATTR_VH IPI_ATTR_VH IPI_ATTR_VH
55. Ser 4 19 TPL Write ti atea 4 20 IPE e E e EE 4 20 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI vi National Instruments Corporation Contents Chapter 5 Tools Functions A n e e E E E aA E S REN Ei E AN EES 5 1 IPI G tImagenfo sia a ra e a a ea 5 1 IS BEE 5 2 IPI_SetlmageCalibratiON esere otaa E a a a S aE 5 2 IPI SetlImageOffset oien EE 5 3 IPI Expand WEE 5 4 TPE Extract EE E A EEE EE EAR aaah 5 4 IPI R sample si E E E E EE E EE e 5 5 IPL GE 5 6 Pr ImageTolmage irene a a lcd aaaeaii 5 6 IPI_GetPixelValue 5 7 IPi SetPi el Value n t r AEN 5 7 IPI GetROWCOL iria tcs 5 8 IPE SetRow Goll a a EE EE 5 9 JOA EAA BT LENE EEE E E EEA 5 10 TPT EESTE a Ta 30335 E E S eat at ees EE ee 5 11 IPI Image oA EE 5 12 IPL Array Tolmage oia a ea RE AEE EE Ei s di 5 13 IPI_GetPixelAddress ccccccccccocinnnnocanocananananananonononcnnononononononanancnnnnos 5 14 Foele BINAE A eut Succeeds ebe aga eau e E 5 14 Th BIEN E 5 14 IPED rawRect e o a es 5 15 IPI_DrawOVval occccccncncnnncnononinoninininincnnanananano nono nononcnnonnnnnnononononenanoss 5 16 IPE MasicW add Eu ge ee EE EE 5 17 COMVERSIOMN ties sede ance ses E eects A EEE EEE RS 5 18 TPE E DEE 5 18 A AO 5 19 IPI ConvertByLookup minnin n rE nono ncn noc A E 5 19 Chapter 6 Image Processing Functions ATIEDMEUC Operador esmas ir 6 1 A EE 6 1 TPL SUD GE 6 2 IPI Multiply acetona ene E 6 3 IPI Divide aiii 6 4 LR Te e E 6 5 IPT SMU IDI sonda eegen 6 6 National Instruments Corpo
56. ULL the result is the copy of the other If source_A_image and source_B_image are different the dest_image must match the image type of the source image encoded with the most bits Image type IPI_PIXEL_U8 116 SGL National Instruments Corporation 6 1 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI Chapter 6 Image Processing Functions Input source_A_image and source_B_image are the two input images dest_image is the resulting image It can be one of the source images constant is the value to add to the input source_A_image for an operation between an image and a constant The constant is rounded down if the image is encoded as an integer IDI Subtract IPIError IPI_Subtract IPIImageRef source_A image IPIImageRef source_B_image IPIImageRef dest_image float constant Purpose This function subtracts an image from an image or a constant from an image If source_B_image is equal to IPI_USECONSTANT a constant is subtracted from an image The two possibilities are distinguished in the following manner dest x y source A x y source B x y or dest x y source A x y constant Note To subtract a constant from an image the dest _image must be of the same image type as the source_A_image If the size of one of the two source images is NULL the result is the copy of the other If source_A_imageand source_B_image are different the dest_image must match the image type of the source image encoded with the mos
57. ULL pointer IMAQ Vision allocates a new one adjusted according the required size If you pass a pointer to a previously allocated pointer this pointer might be changed and or resized In all cases you have to free the buffer The following lines show you a typical technique for this kind of function int particleCount IPIFullPreportPtr myParticleReports NULL IPI_Particle myImage IPI_CON8 amp particleCount amp myPar ticleReports processing particle reports free myParticleReports The following is another typical program processing several images void procAllImages IPIImageRef images int imageCount int particleCount i IPIFullPreportPtr myParticleReports NULL for i 0 i lt imageCount i IPI_Particle images i IPI_CON8 amp particleCount amp my ParticleReports processing particle reports free myParticleReports You have to implement this technique when you use a function with a parameter named lt something gt Ptr lt paramname gt IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI 2 14 National Instruments Corporation Chapter 2 Basic Concepts Starting with IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI The IMAQ Vision installation procedure creates a directory named Samples The Samples directory contains two sub directories named Samplel and Sample2 The Sample1 directory contains an IMAQ Vision example you can read and use before starting your own IMAQ Vision based program The files relat
58. _image for the image constant operation IPI_ComplexMultiply IPIError IPI_ComplexMultiply IPIImageRef complex_source_A image IPIImageRef complex_source_B_image IPIImageRef complex_dest_image IPIPixComplex constant Purpose This function multiplies two images where the first is a complex image An operation between an image and a constant occurs when the input complex_source_B_image is equal to IPI_USECONSTANT The two possibilities are distinguished in the following manner dest x y source A x y source B x y or dest x y source A x y constant The result of this operation follows e The resulting real part is the multiplication of the real parts of the input images and e the resulting imaginary part is the multiplication of the imaginary parts of the input images IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI 6 64 National Instruments Corporation Chapter 6 Image Processing Functions Image type IPI_PIXEL_COMPLEX Input complex_source_A_image is the first source image complex_source_B_image is the second source image complex_dest_image contains the resulting image complex_constant is the constant multiplier of the complex_source_A_image for the image constant operation IPI_ComplexDivide IPIError IPI_ComplexDivide IPIImageRef complex_source_A image IPIImageRef complex_source_B_image IPIImageRef complex_dest_image IPIPixComplex constant Purpose This function divide
59. a function has a mask_image parameter this indicates that the function process or analysis is dependent on the contents of another image the mask_image Each pixel in image is processed if the corresponding pixel in the mask_image has a value other than zero This image mask must be an image type IPI_P1IXEL_U8 and its contents are binary zero or other than zero If you want to apply a process or an analysis function to the entire image insert the keyword IP I_NOMASK instead of a mask image reference As an example see the following implementation variant calling IPI_Histogram S IPI_Histogram myImage myMaskImage This call performs a histogram computation using a mask image IPI_Histogram myImage IPI_NOMASK This call performs a histogram computation on the full image IPI_NOMASK is the default value for all function panels that use a mask_image All IMAQ Vision functions that process the contents of an image that is that modifies the pixel values have source_image anda dest_image input parameters This is the most common type of prototype in IMAQ Vision The source_image receives the image to process The dest_image can receive either another image or the original one depending on your wishes If two different images are used for the two inputs the original image source_image is not affected If the source_image and dest_image receive the same image the processed image is placed into the original image and
60. a negative radius value nb_of_detected_circles contains the number of detected circles in the image Circles with a radius outside the limits of min_radius or max_radius also are included in this number IDI Convex IPIError IPI_Convex IPIImageRef source_image IPIImageRef dest_image Purpose This function computes a convex envelope for labelled particles in an image Image type IPI_PIXEL_U8 116 National Instruments Corporation 6 37 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI Chapter 6 Uz Image Processing Functions Input source_image is the image to transform dest_image is the resulting image Note If the image contains more than one object it is necessary to execute IPI_Label prior to this function to label the objects in the image ID Danielsson IPIError IPI_Danielsson IPIImageRef source_image IPIImageRef dest_image Purpose This function completes the distance map based on the Danielsson algorithm The Danielsson distance map produces an image and data similar to the function IPI_Distance but it is much more accurate Image type IPI_PIXEL_U8 Input source_image is the image to transform dest_image is the resulting image IPI_ Distance IPIError IPI_Distance IPIImageRef source_image IPIImageRef dest_image IPIMorphoDescPtr structuring_element_descriptor Purpose This function encodes the pixel value of a particle as a function of the distance of the
61. age type IPI_PIXEL_U8 O National Instruments Corporation 6 41 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI Chapter 6 Image Processing Functions Input source_image is the image to transform dest_image is the resulting image connectivity_8 indicates the connectivity used to determine if a particle touching the border is to be eliminated The connectivity mode determines if an adjacent pixel belongs to the same particle or a different particle Possible values are e TRUE The function completes particle detection in connectivity mode 8 e FALSE The function completes particle detection in connectivity mode 4 IPI_Segmentation IPIError IPI_Segmentation IPIImageRef source_image IPIImageRef dest_image Purpose Starting from a labelled image this function calculates the zone of influence of each particle Each labelled particle grows until the particles reach their neighbors at which time this growth is stopped The source image must have a border greater than or equal to l Image type IPI_PIXEL_U8 116 Input source_image is the image to transform dest_image is the resulting image IDI Skeleton IPIError IPI_Skeleton IPIImageRef source_image IPIImageRef dest_image IPISkeletonMethod method Purpose Starting from a binary image this function calculates the skeleton of particles inside an image or in other words the lines separating the zones of influence skeleton of an inverse image The s
62. ageInfo IPIImageRef image IPIImageInfo image_info Purpose This function produces information about the image size calibration and offset Image type IPI_PIXEL_U8 116 SGL RGB32 COMPLEX Input image is the image on which you get information Output image_info is a pointer to a structure that contains the following information width X image size height Y image size pixelType type of pixel in the image pixelSize size of each pixel in bytes rawPixels offset to next line in pixels rawBytes offset to next line in bytes border border size National Instruments Corporation 5 1 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI Chapter 5 Tools Functions e pixelSpace amount of memory used for the pixels in bytes e xOffset X start coordinate when used as a mask e yOffset Y start coordinate when used as a mask e unit representation unit e xCalib X calibration ratio e yCalib Y calibration ratio e firstPixelAddress address of the pixel 0 0 IPI_SetlmageSize IPIError IPI_SetImageSize IPIImageRef image int width int height Purpose This function modifies the resolution of an image Note This function reuses the memory space previously occupied by the image pixels It does not transfer the original image into a new memory space so the original image is lost Image type IPI_PIXEL_U8 116 SGL RGB32 COMPLEX Input image is the image that is resized widt
63. ageRef source_image IPIImageRef dest_image int threshold_count IPIThresholdData threshold_data Purpose This function applies multiple thresholds to an image Image type IPI_PIXEL_U8 116 SGL Input source_image is the image to process dest_image is the resulting image threshold_count indicates the number of threshold ranges passed in threshold_data threshold_data is an array of clusters specifying the mode and threshold range Each cluster is composed of the following elements e minValue is the lowest pixel value to be taken into account e maxValue is the highest pixel value to be taken into account National Instruments Corporation 6 13 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI Chapter 6 Image Processing Functions e newValue is the replace value for all pixels between the two previous values e doReplacement determines if the pixels existing in the range between minValue and maxValue are to be replaced by another value TRUE means replacement FALSE means no replacement Note The threshold operations are completed in the threshold_data order A pixel can only be taken into account once even if the pixel is included in the threshold range of two different threshold_data Example The threshold data contains the following two structures e minValue 80 maxValue 150 newValue 255 doReplacement TRUE es minValue 120 maxValue 200 doReplacement FALSE This example shows two threshold range
64. al Instruments Corporation Chapter 6 Image Processing Functions Output x_centroid returns the value of the centroid X coordinate y_centroid returns the value of the centroid Y coordinate IPI_LineProfile IPIError IPI_LineProfile IPIImageRef image Point start Point end int profile_format void profile_array int nb_of_elements IPIProfReport profile_report Purpose This function computes the profile of a line of pixels This function is similar to the histogram working only on a line vector in the image Image type IPI_PIXEL_U8 116 SGL Input image is the image used to compute the line profile start defines the x y coordinates of the start point of the line profile end defines the x y coordinates of the end point of the line profile profile_format indicates the data type you want to get in the profile_array using one of the following LabWindows standard values e VAL_CHAR cCharacter e VAL_SHORT_INTEGER short integer e VAL_INTEGER integer ha VAL OAT floating point e VAL_DOUBLE double precision a VAL NSIGNED_INTEGER unsigned integer F D e VAL_UNSIGNED_SHORT_INTEGER unsigned short integer U U e VAL_UNSIGNED_CHAR unsigned character Output profile_array points on the first pixel of the line profile you allocated in the image nb_of_elements returns the number of pixels filled in the
65. al image that correspond to a non NULL pixel in the mask is replaced by the values in the Lookup table The complete image is modified if this input is equal to IPI_NOMASK dest_image is the resulting image IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI 6 18 National Instruments Corporation Chapter 6 Image Processing Functions lookup_format indicates the data type of the lookup table using one of the following LabWindows standard values e VAL_CHAR character e VAL_SHORT_INTEGER short integer e VAL_INTEGER integer e VAL_FLOAT floating point e VAL_DOUBLE double precision S VAL NSIGNED_INTEGER unsigned integer F D e VAL_UNSIGNED_SHORT_INTEGER unsigned short integer U U e VAL_UNSIGNED_CHAR unsigned character lookup_array is a pointer on a replacement color table nb_of_lookup_elements indicates the size of the lookup table This table can contain 256 elements 8 bit or 65 536 elements 16 bit depending on the type of source_image Individual pixels within the image are not modified in the case where the lookup is missing a corresponding value IPI_Equalize IPIError IPI_Equalize IPIImageRef source_image IPIImageRef mask_image IPIImageRef dest_image int histogram int number_of_classes IPIHistoReportPtr histogram_report float minimum_value float maximum_value Purpose This function creates a histogram equali
66. al to IPI_MO_STD3X3 structuring_element_descriptor must have odd sized dimensions to contain a central pixel The function does not take into account the even boundary furthest out on the matrix if one of the dimensions for the structuring element is even For example if the input structuring element is 6x4 X 6 and Y 4 the actual processing is completed at 5x3 Both the 6th line and the 4th row are ignored IPI_GrayMorphology IPIError IPI_GrayMorphology IPIImageRef source_image IPIImageRef dest_image IPIMOOperator operator IPIMorphoDescPtr structuring_element_descriptor Purpose This function makes morphological transformations that can be applied directly to gray level images Source and destination image types must be of the same type The source image for a morphological transformation must have been created with a border capable of using the size of the structuring element A 3x3 structuring element requires a minimum border of 1 a 5x5 structuring element requires a minimum border of 2 and so on The border size of the destination image is not important Image type IPI_PIXEL_U8 116 SGL Input source_image is the image to transform dest_image is the resulting image National Instruments Corporation 6 35 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI Chapter 6 Image Processing Functions operator indicates the type of morphological transformation procedure to use e IPI_MO_AUTOM auto median e IPI_M
67. allback function Use the predefined value IPI_ALL to connect a common callback function associated with all events coming from all image windows Callback_Function is the address of the callback function you want to install You must declare the callback function using the following prototype void myWindCallBack IPIWindEventRecord event_record void Callback_Data Callback_Data is a user defined data value you retrieve in your callback function IPI_RemoveWCallback void IPI_RemoveWCallback int window_number Purpose This function deletes a window callback function Input window_number indicates the image window number on which you want to remove a callback function The predefined value IPI_ALL removes the current common callback function IPI_GetLastEvent int IPI_GetLastEvent IPIWindEventRecord event_record Purpose This function retrieves the last event on all image windows IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI 4 12 O National Instruments Corporation Output event record is a structure filled with the following information Chapter 4 e windowNumber image window receiving the event e event event type e usedTool tool used to generate the event e coordinates 4 array containing draw coordinates values e otherData 4 other data values Display and File Functions event_recordreturns the occurred event Table 4 1 below shows the coordinate content according to the type of ev
68. alue of 1 The source image must be an 8 bit or binary image This operation creates a temporary memory space equal to the size of the source image Image type IPI_PIXEL_U8 Input source_image is the image to transform dest_image is the resulting image connectivity_8 indicates the connectivity used to determine if a hole is to be filled The connectivity mode determines if an adjacent pixel belongs to the same particle or a different particle Possible values are e TRUE The function completes particle detection in connectivity mode 8 e FALSE The function completes particle detection in connectivity mode 4 Note The holes found in contact with the image border are never filled because it is not possible to know whether these holes are part of a particle IPI_LowHighPass IPIError IPI_LowHighPass IPIImageRef source_image IPIImageRef dest_image int connectivity_8 int high_pass int number_of_erosion IPIMorphoDescPtr structuring_element_descriptor Purpose This function filters the particles according to their size It eliminates or keeps particles present after a specific number of 3x3 erosions This function creates a temporary memory space twice the size of the source image IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI 6 40 National Instruments Corporation Chapter 6 Image Processing Functions Image type IPI_PIXEL_U8 Input source_image is the image to transform dest_image is the resulting image c
69. ane is the second source image It contains either the green plane color_mode RGB or the saturation plane color_mode HSL or HSV The green or saturation plane is not replaced if this parameter is equal to IPI_NOIMAGE blue_light_val_plane is the third source image It contains either the blue plane color_mode RGB the light plane color_mode HSL or the value plane color_mode HSV The blue light or value plane is not replaced if this parameter is equal to IPI_NOIMAGE color_mode defines the color mode used for the operation It can take one of the following predefined values e IPI_RGB processing in red green and blue e IPI_HSL processing in hue saturation and light e IPI_HSV processing in hue saturation and value IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI 6 72 National Instruments Corporation Chapter 6 Image Processing Functions IPI_ColorEqualize IPIError IPI_ColorEqualize IPIImageRef color_source_image IPIImageRef color_dest_image int color_equalization Purpose This function equalizes a color image It works by equalizing either the lightness plane or the three color planes red green and blue Image type IPI_PIXEL_RGB3HSV Input color_source_image is the color image to equalize color_dest_image is the resulting color image color_equalization equalizes each separate plane if TRUE It only equalizes the light plane if FALSE IPI_ColorHistogram IPIError IPI_ColorHistog
70. be of the same image type as the input source_A_image You cannot divide by 0 If the constant is 0 it is automatically replaced by 1 If one of the two source images is empty the result is the copy of the other If source_A_image and source PB image are different the type of the dest_image must correspond to the type of the source image which is encoded with the biggest number of bits Image type IPI_PIXEL_U8 116 SGL Input source_A_image and source_B_image are the two input images dest_image is the resulting image It can be one of the source images multiplication_constant is the value to be multiplied by each pixel in source_A_image prior to dividing by the equivalent pixel in source_B_image The value 255 corresponds to the maximum value for a pixel encoded in an 8 bit image IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI 6 6 National Instruments Corporation Chapter 6 Image Processing Functions Logic Operators The following functions perform logic operations between two images or between an image and a constant IPI_And IPIError IPI_And IPIImageRef source A image IPIImageRef source_B_image IPIImageRef dest_image int And_or_Nand int constant Purpose This function computes the intersection between two images If source_B_image is equal to IPI_NOIMAGE an operation occurs between an image and a constant The function completes the following operation for each pixel x y dest x y sourceA x y AND so
71. ce color array nb_of_elements indicates the number of pixels in the array of integers O National Instruments Corporation 6 83 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI Chapter 6 Image Processing Functions source_color_mode defines the source color mode used for the operation It can take any one of the following predefined values e IPI_RGB processing in red green and blue e IPI_HSL processing in hue saturation and light e IPI_HSV processing in hue saturation and value sources_array_format indicates the data type of the arrays using one of the following LabWindows standard values VAL_CHAR character e VAL_SHORT_INTEGER short integer e VAL_INTEGER integer e VAL_FLOAT floating point e VAL_DOUBLE double precision e VAL_UNSIGNED_SHORT_INTEGER Unsigned short integer e VAL_UNSIGNED_INTEGER unsigned integer e VAL_UNSIGNED_CHAR unsigned character dest_integer_arrayis an array of integers allocated by you It must be big enough to contain all elements of the source array IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI 6 84 O National Instruments Corporation oe Appendix Customer Communication For your convenience this appendix contains forms to help you gather the information necessary to help us solve your technical problems and a form you can use to comment on the product documentation When you contact us we need the informati
72. color functions description table 2 4 IPI_ArrayToColorImage 6 81 IPI_ColorConversion 6 81 to 6 82 IPI_ColorEqualize 6 73 IPI_ColorHistogram 6 73 to 6 75 IPI_ColorImageToArray 6 80 IPI_ColorThreshold 6 75 to 6 76 IPI_ColorToInteger 6 83 to 6 84 O National Instruments Corporation IPI_ColorUserLookup 6 76 to 6 77 IPI_ExtractColorPlanes 6 71 IPI_GetColorLine 6 79 IPI_GetColorPixel 6 78 IPI_IntegerToColor 6 82 to 6 83 IPI_ReplaceColorPlanes 6 72 IPI_SetColorLine 6 79 to 6 80 IPI_SetColorPixel 6 78 overview 6 69 to 6 70 color image planes 2 1 complex functions description table 2 4 IPI_ArrayToComplexImage 6 66 to 6 67 IPI_ArrayToComplexPlane 6 68 IPI_ComplexAdd 6 62 to 6 63 IPI_ComplexAttenuate 6 61 IPI_ComplexConjugate 6 60 IPI_ComplexDivide 6 65 to 6 66 IPI_ComplexFlipFrequency 6 61 IPI_ComplexImageToArray 6 66 IPI_ComplexMultiply 6 64 to 6 65 IPI_ComplexPlaneToArray 6 67 IPI_ComplexSubtract 6 63 to 6 64 IPI_ComplexTruncate 6 62 IPI_ExtractComplexPlane 6 68 to 6 69 IPI_FFT 6 59 IPI_InverseFFT 6 60 IPI_ReplaceComplexPlane 6 69 complex images 2 1 connectivity processing 2 9 conversion functions description table 2 4 IPI_Cast 5 19 IPI_Convert 5 18 IPI_ConvertByLookup 5 19 to 5 20 customer communication xii A 1 to A 2 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI Index D dest_image parameter 2 6 to 2 7 display basics functions IPI_GetWindow2DaAttributes 4 6 IPI_Ge
73. ctivity mode 4 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI 6 48 National Instruments Corporation Chapter 6 Image Processing Functions Output particles_report_array_ptr returns a pointer to a set of measurements on the detected particles Each report contains the following elements e area surface of the particle in number of pixels e surface surface of the particle in user defined units e particleRect bounding rectangle of the particle It is a standard rectangle that contains the coordinates of a bounding rectangle for the particle Note This structure is allocated or reallocated within this function You must deallocate it using free nb_of_detected_particles returns the number of particles detected in the image This value indicates the number of reports allocated in the buffer returned in particles_report_array_ptr IPI_ Particle IPIError IPI_Particle IPIImageRef image int connectivity_8 IPIFullPReportPtr particles_report_array_ptr int nb_of_detected_particles Purpose This function detects and returns all parameters of particles in a binary image Image type IPI_PIXEL_U8 Input image is the image scanned to detect the particles The image must be binary a threshold IPI_PIXEL_U8 image A particle consists of pixels that are not set to 0 This image must have a border size of at least 2 connectivity_8 indicates the connectivity used for particle detection The connectivity mode de
74. d blue planes The most common operation on this image type is the extraction of the color light saturation or hue component from the image The final result is an 8 bit image that you can process as a standard monochrome image Complex images are made up of two planes the Real and the Imaginary planes each pixel is encoded as two times a 32 bit floating value This type of image is the result of mathematical calculations called Fourier Transforms hence the name complex image They are particularly intended for processing images in the frequency domain National Instruments Corporation 2 1 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI Chapter 2 Basic Concepts IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI uses all the aforementioned image types However certain operations do not have a practical purpose when used on certain image types For example it does not make sense to apply the logic operator AND to a Complex image IMAQ Vision cannot use certain other image types particularly images encoded in files as 1 2 or 4 bit images In these cases IMAQ Vision automatically transforms the images into 8 bit images minimum pixel depth for IMAQ Vision when you open the image file This transformation is transparent to you and has no effect on the use of these image types In IMAQ Vision the image type is defined when the IPI_Create function creates the image object The most common image type for the scientific and industrial fields is 8 bit in other word
75. defines the position of an image mask in relation to the origin of the coordinate system 0 0 Image type IPI_PIXI O National Instruments Corporation EL_U8 5 3 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI Chapter 5 Tools Functions Input image is the image for which you set the offset x_offset indicates the new horizontal offset of the image y_offset indicates the new vertical offset of the image IPI_Expand IPIError IPI_Expand IPIImageRef source_image IPIImageRef dest_image int x_duplication int y_duplication Rect rectangle Purpose This function expands an image or part of an image by adjusting the horizontal and vertical resolution Image type IPI_PIXEL_U8 116 SGL RGB32 Input source_image is the image to expand dest_image is the resulting image x_duplication indicates the number of pixel duplications per column The column is copied if the default value 1 is used y_duplication indicates the number of pixel duplications per line The row is copied if the default value 1 is used rectangle is a Rect structure containing the coordinates and the size of the region to expand IPI_ Extract IPIError IPI_Extract IPIImageRef source_image IPIImageRef dest_image int x_subsample int y_subsample Rect rectangle Purpose This function extracts reduces an image or part of an image by adjusting the horizontal and vertical resolution Image type IPI_PIXEL_U8 116 SGL
76. e e IPI_HSL processing in hue saturation and light e IPI_HSV processing in hue saturation and value IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI 6 82 National Instruments Corporation Chapter 6 Image Processing Functions dests_array_format indicates the data type of the output arrays using one of the following LabWindows standard values e VAL_CHAR character e VAL_SHORT_INTEGER short integer e VAL_INTEGER integer e VAL_FLOAT floating point e VAL_DOUBLE double precision S VAL NSIGNED_INTEGER unsigned integer F D e VAL_UNSIGNED_SHORT_INTEGER unsigned short integer U U e VAL_UNSIGNED_CHAR uUnsigned character dst_red_hue_array points to the red or hue color array dst_grn_sat_array points to the green or saturation color array dst_blu_light_val_array points to the blue light or value color array IPI_ColorTolnteger IPIError IPI_ColorToInteger void source_red_hue_array void source_grn_sat_array void source_blu_light_val_array int nb_of_elements IPIColorMode source_color_mode int sources_array_format int dest_integer_arrayl Purpose This function converts a pixel color array into an array of integers Input source_red_hue_array is the red or hue source color array source_grn_sat_array is the green or saturation source color array source_blu_light_val_array 1s the blue light or value sour
77. e IPI_WT_POLYGON polygon regions tool You can draw a polygon in the image T e IPI_WT_FR image EHAND freehand regions tool You can draw a freehand region in the IPI_WT_ZOOM zoom You can zoom in or zoom out in an image e IPI_WT_BROKENLINE broken line e IPI_WT_FR free hand line T tool_icon_count indicates the number of used icons Use IPI_ALL_WTOOLS if you want to configure the WindTools with all existing tool icons draw_coordinates indicates if the active pixel coordinates and the drawing coordinates are shown IPI_SetWindTooIsAttribute IPIError IPI_SetWindToolsAttribute int window_attribute Purpose This function sets the tool attributes Input window_attribute indicates one of the following predefined attributes e ATTR_VISIBLE visible e ATTR_LEFT left e ATTR_TOP top es ATTR_TITLEBAR_VISIBLE title bar visible es ATTR_TITLE title es ATTR_CLOSE_ITEM_VISIBLE close item visible National Instruments Corporation 4 9 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI Chapter 4 Display and File Functions e ATTR_FLOATING floating window ATTR_MOVABLE movable attribute_value contains the value corresponding to the attribute to change With ATTR_TITLE this parameter is a char For all the other attributes it is an integer value IDI GetWindToolsA
78. e SE EE 6 55 J 0 2A 8S D AVATA ANE E T et ave save A SE 6 55 IPI Rotate ege See Ses bes dace ies oa ee n dE BEER 6 56 NS 51 i EEE EAEE A E NT 6 57 IPI Symmetry iia tino E EER T EEA 6 57 E eg 6 58 DPE A O ESE 6 59 IPI_InverseFFT oocccnnnnnncnnonocininnncnnanananananano nono noncnnnnnnnnnonononononecononos 6 60 IPI_ComplexConjugate cooccocccocccononnonnccnncnnccnnconncnnocnnon nono no cnn cn neconcnneo 6 60 IPI_ComplexFlipFrequency eccocccoccoccnonccanconccnconoco nono non nooo nconc crono nono 6 61 TIPI_ComplexAttenuate 0 0 0 rra a aa o aa han an 6 61 IPI Complex Truncate peier r A E ibn 6 62 IPI Coupe g dd enee E r E ee es cea 6 62 IPI C mplexSubtract EE 6 63 IPI ComplexMulltiply A 6 64 IS Bee nu OEB EE 6 65 IPI_ComplexImageToArray e ococccoccocnnoncnnnconoconcnnocnnocnncn nono nonnncnocnncnnes 6 66 IPI_ArrayToComplexImage e oocoocccocnnocconnconcnnnconocnnonnncononnnconecnncnnccnnoos 6 66 IPI_ComplexPlaneTOArray coccocccoccnonconccononnonnconnconcon nooo non nooo nconccnnocnnos 6 67 IPI_ArrayToComplexPlane oooonccnocnncnconnccnconncononnncnnncnnnnnccnonnncnnccnnon 6 68 IPI Bxvract omplex Diane 6 68 IPI_ReplaceComplexPlane eee ceecee cee ceseeseceeceseeeeeeeeeeeseneeaee 6 69 D 6 69 IPI_ExtractColorPlanes ccccccccccinnnnococonanonananananononcnnonononononononananononons 6 71 IPI_ReplaceColorPlanes AA 6 72 IPI Color EGU ali 26 emir tirita 6 73 TPL ColorHisto stam serioaren riii R EE E 6 73 IPI_ColorThreshold sirere heeten
79. e high frequencies are grouped at the center while low frequencies are located at the edges The FFT is calculated in two steps 1 a one dimensional transform of the rows followed by 2 a one dimensional transform of the columns of the results of step one The complex numbers which compose the FFT plane are encoded in 64 bit floating point values 32 bits for the real part and 32 bits for the imaginary part IMAQ Vision can read and write complex images through IPI_ReadFile and IPI_WriteFile using the AIPD format only In an image details and sharp edges are associated with high spatial frequencies because they introduce significant gray level variations over short distances Gradually varying patterns are associated with low spatial frequencies Filtering spatial frequencies is a means to remove attenuate or highlight the spatial components to which they relate A low pass_frequency_filter can be used to attenuate frequencies present in the FFT plane It suppresses information related to fast variations of light intensities in the spatial image An inverse FFT after a low pass frequency filter produces an image with reduced noise details texture and sharp edges for example IPI_ComplexAttenuate or IPI_ComplexTruncate IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI 6 58 National Instruments Corporation Chapter 6 Image Processing Functions A high pass_frequency_filter can be used to attenuate or remove truncate low frequencies present in the FFT
80. e is the resulting image UP Note dest_image must be the same image type as source_image mask_image is the image which contains the mask applied to the source image It is considered as a binary image All pixel values different than zero are ON and all pixel values of 0 are OFF National Instruments Corporation 6 9 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI Chapter 6 Image Processing Functions IPI_Compare IPIError IPI_Compare IPIImageRef source A image IPIImageRef source_B_image IPIImageRef dest_image IPICPOperator operator float constant Purpose This function contains comparison operations between two images or an image and a constant If source_B_image is equal to IPI_NOIMAGE an operation between an image and a constant is made Note If one of the two source images is empty the result is the copy of the other Image type IPI_PIXEL_U8 116 SGL RGB32 All input images must have the same image type Input source_A_image and source_B_image are the two source images dest_image is the resulting image Operator indicates the comparison operator to use The valid operators are e Average compute the average e Min extract the smallest value e Max extract the largest value e Clear if lt if source_A_image x y lt source_B_image x y or a constant dest_image x y 0 otherwise dest_image x y source_A_image x y e Clear if lt if source_A_image x y lt source_B_image x y or a cons
81. eFFT IPIImageRef complex_source_image IPIImageRef dest_image Purpose This function computes the inverse FFT of a complex image Note This function uses a buffer equal to the size of the complex image An 8 bit image with a resolution of 256x256 pixels uses 64 KB of memory The FFT associated with this image requires eight times the memory or 512 KB The calculation of the inverse FFT also requires a temporary buffer of 512 KB Therefore the total memory necessary for this operation is 1080 KB Source image type IPI_PIXEL_COMPLEX Dest image type IPI_PIXEL_U8 116 SGL COMPLEX Input complex_source_image is the source image dest_image contains the resulting FFT image IPI_ComplexConjugate IPIError IPI_ComplexConjugate IPIImageRef complex_source_image IPIImageRef complex_dest_image Purpose This function computes the conjugate of a complex image It converts the complex pixel data z a ib of an FFT image into z a ib Image type IPI_PIXEL_COMPLEX Input source_image is the source image complex_dest_image contains the resulting image IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI 6 60 National Instruments Corporation Chapter 6 Image Processing Functions IPI_ComplexFlipFrequency IPIError IPI_ComplexFlipFrequency IPIImageRef complex_source_image IPIImageRef complex_dest_image Purpose This function transposes the complex components of an FFT image
82. eans it can be considered as a 2D array in which a row contains nb_of_parameters coefficients extracted from a particle and each column contains the same coefficients extracted from each particle measurement IPI_ParticleDiscrim IPIError IPI_ParticleDiscrim IPIImageRef image IPIPartDiscrim discrimination_array int nb_of_discriminations IPIFullPReport particle_report_array int nb_of_particle_report int nb_of_remaining_particles Purpose This function filters particle reports returned from IPI_Particle according to a set of user defined coefficient ranges Note The image is not modified This function works only on the particle report array removing particle reports that do not match the selection criteria Image type IPI_PIXEL_U8 O National Instruments Corporation 6 53 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI Chapter 6 Image Processing Functions Input image is the image previously used in IPI_Particle This function needs this image to get the calibration values discrimination_array describes the criteria for the particle you want to keep Each element of this array has to contain a structure giving the following information e parameter coefficient predefined value see the section PI_ParticleCoeffs in this chapter e minValue coefficient lowest value e maxValue coefficient highest value Only the particles with a parameter matching the range given by minValue and maxValue are not remov
83. ed from the particles_report_array nb_of_discriminations is the number of discrimination structures contained in discrimination_array particle_report_array is an array containing the particle reports coming from IPI_Particle The array is processed and returned with only the matching particle reports nb_of_particle_report indicates the number of particles in the particle_report_array before the discrimination process Output nb_of_remaining_particles returns the number of particles contained in the particles_report_array after the discrimination IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI 6 54 National Instruments Corporation Chapter 6 Image Processing Functions Geometry The following section includes descriptions for 3D view rotate shift and symmetry functions IPI_3DView IPIError IPI_3DView IPIImageRef source_image IPIImageRef dest_image int subsample int maximum_height IPI3DDirection direction IPI3DOptionsPtr options Purpose This function displays an image using an isometric view Each pixel from the image source appears as a column of pixels in the 3D view The pixel value corresponds to the altitude bel x lt Image type IPI_PIXEL_U8 COMPLI Input source_image is the input image dest_image is the resulting image It must be an 8 bit image subsample is a factor applied to the source image to calculate the final dimensions of the 3D view image This factor is a divider that is app
84. ed to Sample1 are e IMAQSamplel prj the LabWindows project file e IMAQSamplel h the header file e IMAQSamplel c the source file e IMAQSamplel uir the user interface file In this example you can see how to call and chain IMAQ Vision functions such as reading an image file displaying an image setting a color palette performing a threshold computing and plotting a histogram and finally labelling the particles The files related to the Sample2 are e IMAOSample2 prj the LabWindows project file e IMAQSample2 h the header file IMAQSample2 c the source file IMAQOSample2 uir the user interface file e iron bmp the image Sample2 contains a real world example of detecting iron particles in iron ore and measuring the density of these particles This example includes loading thresholding and labeling the particles in the image It also illustrates the use of functions to make specific measurements such as area perimeter etc of detected particles Sample2 can only be used with LabWindows CVI 4 0 1 or later National Instruments Corporation 2 15 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI Chapter Management Functions This chapter describes the IMAQ Vision management functions Management functions initialize the IMAQ Vision subsystem and create list and dispose of image structures These functions also include error handling for all the IMAQ Vision functions IPI_InitSys IP
85. ee image processing functions processing options 2 9 to 2 12 connectivity 2 9 hexaProcessing field 2 11 to 2 12 structuring element descriptor 2 10 R Real plane 2 1 regions of interest functions IPI_ClearWROI 4 17 IPI_FreeROI 4 18 IPI_GetWROI 4 16 IPI_MaskToROI 4 18 IPI_ROIToMask 4 17 to 4 18 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI 1 6 IPI_SetWROI 4 16 overview 4 15 to 4 16 RGB Chunky image type 2 1 S source_image parameter 2 6 to 2 7 square pixel frame 2 11 starting with IMAQ Vision 2 15 structuring element descriptor 2 10 system setup and operation installation 1 2 system requirements 1 1 T technical support services A 1 to A 2 telephone and fax support A 2 tools diverse functions description table 2 5 IPI_DrawLine 5 14 to 5 15 IPI_DrawOval 5 16 IPI_DrawRect 5 15 IPI_MagicWand 5 17 tools for display See display tools functions tools image functions description table 2 5 IPI_ArrayToImage 5 13 IPI_Copy 5 6 IPI_Expand 5 4 IPI_Extract 5 4 to 5 5 IPI_Getlmagelnfo 5 1 to 5 2 IPI_GetLine 2 12 to 2 13 5 10 IPI_GetPixelAddress 5 14 IPI_GetPixelValue 5 7 IPI_GetRowCol 5 8 IPI_ImageToArray 5 12 IPI_ImageToImage 5 6 IPI_Resample 5 5 IPI_SetImageCalibration 5 2 to 5 3 IPI_SetImageOffset 5 3 to 5 4 IPI_SetImageSize 5 2 IPI_SetLine 5 11 National Instruments Corporation Index IPI_SetPixelValue 5 7 IPI_SetRowCol 5 9 U user pointers and IMAQ Vision pointer
86. ements in the array IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI 5 12 National Instruments Corporation Chapter 5 Tools Functions IPI_ArrayTolmage IPIError IPI_ArrayTolmage IPIImageRef image int array_format void array int array_x_size int array_y_size Purpose This function sets an image from a pixel array The resulting image is resized to array_x_size and array_y_size Note The resulting image is cut to array_x_size and array_y_size Image type IPI_PIXEL_U8 116 SGL Input image is the image to modify array_format indicates the data type of the array using one of the following LabWindows standard values VAL _CHAR cCharacter e VAL_SHORT_INTEGER sShort integer e VAL_INTEGER integer VAL OAT floating point e VAL_DOUBLE double precision s VAL NSIGNED_INTEGER unsigned integer F D e VAL_UNSIGNED_SHORT_INTEGER unsigned short integer U U e VAL_UNSIGNED_CHAR unsigned character array defines the pointer of the pixel array containing the new pixel values which are copied into the image array_x_size is the horizontal number of elements in the array array_y_size is the vertical number of elements in the array National Instruments Corporation 5 13 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI Chapter 5 Tools Functions IPI_GetPixelAddress IPIError IPI_GetPixelAddress IPIImageRef image int x_coordi
87. ent and the tool used Table 4 1 Event Tool Coordinates Event Tool Coordinates Other Parameters IPLEVT_NOEVENT n a not filled not filled IPI EVT_CLICK IPI_WT_POINT 0 1 click point 0 1 2 pixel value IPILWT_ZOOM 0 1 click point 0 zoom factor 2 3 image center IPILEVT_DRAW IPI_WT_LINE 0 1 starting point 0 1 width and 2 3 ending point height 2 vertical segment angle 3 segment length IPI WT_RECTANGLE 0 1 starting point 2 3 ending point 0 1 width and height IPI WT_OVAL 0 1 left top bounding point 2 3 right bottom bounding point 0 1 width and height National Instruments Corporation 4 13 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI Chapter 4 Display and File Functions Table 4 1 Event Tool Coordinates Continued Event Tool Coordinates Other Parameters IPL EVT_DRAW IPI_WT_POLYGON 0 1 left top 0 1 width and continued bounding point height 2 3 right bottom bounding point IPI WT_FREEHAND 0 1 left top 0 1 width and bounding point height 2 3 right bottom bounding point IPI_WT_BROKENLINE 0 1 left top 0 1 width and bounding point height 2 3 right bottom bounding point IPI_WT_FREE 0 1 left top 0 1 width and bounding point height 2 3 right bottom bounding point IPL EVT_MOVE n a 0 1 position of em
88. ents Most advanced morphology functions do not even possess an input for structuring elements because they are only the standard 3x3 matrix National Instruments Corporation 6 33 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI Chapter 6 Image Processing Functions The connected source image for a morphological transformation must have been created with a border capable of using the size of the structuring element A 3x3 structuring element requires a minimum border of 1 a 5x5 structuring element requires a minimum border of 3 and so on The input connectivity_4 8 is used for the advanced morphology functions IPI_LowHighPass IPI_RejectBorder and IPI_FillHole These functions use this parameter to dictate whether a neighboring pixel is considered to be part of the same particle IPI_Morphology IPIError IPI_Morphology IPIImageRef source_image IPIImageRef dest_image IPIMOOperator operator IPIMorphoDescPtr structuring_element_descriptor Purpose This function completes primary morphological transformations The source image for a morphological transformation must be created with a border capable of using the size of the structuring element A 3x3 structuring element requires a minimum border of 1 a 5x5 structuring element requires a minimum border of 2 and so on The border size of the destination image is not important Image type IPI_PIXEL_U8 Input source_image is the image to transform dest_image is the resulting
89. epending on the color_mode This array can contain up to 256 elements It is filled automatically if less than 256 elements are indicated green_sat_lookup is the LUT to apply to the second color plane depending on the color_mode This array can contain up to 256 elements It is filled automatically if less than 256 elements are indicated blue_light_val_lookup is the LUT to apply to the third color plane depending on the color_mode This array can contain up to 256 elements It is filled automatically if less than 256 elements are indicated The automatic LUT filling leaves all pixels with their original values If the lookup is equal to NULL this array is empty and no replacement occurs on the plane National Instruments Corporation 6 77 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI Chapter 6 Image Processing Functions IDI GetColorPixel IPIError IPI_GetColorPixel IPIImageRef color_image int x_coordinate int y_coordinate int rgb_color_value Purpose This function reads the pixel value from a color image Image type IPI_PIXEL_RGB32 Input color_image is the color image from which you can get color pixel values x_coordinate is the horizontal position of the pixel y_coordinate is the vertical position of the pixel Output rgb_color_value returns the color pixel value IPI_SetColorPixel IPIError IPI_SetColorPixel IPIImageRef color_image int x_coordinate int y_coordinate int rgb_color_value
90. eplacing them with values from a defined lookup table This function modifies the dynamic range of either part of an image or the complete image depending on the type of transformation Image type IPI_PIXEL_U8 116 SGL Mask image type IPI_PIXEL_U8 Input source_image is the image to process mask_image indicates the region in the image to use for computing the histogram Only pixels in the original image that correspond to anon NULL pixel in the mask are replaced by the values in the lookup table A replacement on the complete image occurs if this input is equal to IPI_NOMASK dest_image is the resulting image operator indicates the mapping procedure to use The default is 0 or linear The table below indicates the different available possibilities The horizontal axis represents the pixel values before processing between Min and Max and the vertical axis represents the pixel values between Dynamic_Min and Dynamic_Max after processing e IPI_LK_L1IN linear Linear remapping e IPI_LK_LOG logarithmic Algorithmic remapping operation that results in extended contrast for small pixel values and less contrast for large pixel values e IPI_LK_EXP exponential An exponential remapping operation that results in extended contrast for large pixel values and less contrast for small pixel values e IPI_LK_SQR square Similar to exponential but with a more gradual effect e IPI_LK_SQRT square roo
91. eriod of 90 days from date of shipment as evidenced by receipts or other documentation National Instruments will at its option repair or replace software media that do not execute programming instructions if National Instruments receives notice of such defects during the warranty period National Instruments does not warrant that the operation of the software shall be uninterrupted or error free A Return Material Authorization RMA number must be obtained from the factory and clearly marked on the outside of the package before any equipment will be accepted for warranty work National Instruments will pay the shipping costs of returning to the owner parts which are covered by warranty National Instruments believes that the information in this manual is accurate The document has been carefully reviewed for technical accuracy In the event that technical or typographical errors exist National Instruments reserves the right to make changes to subsequent editions of this document without prior notice to holders of this edition The reader should consult National Instruments if errors are suspected In no event shall National Instruments be liable for any damages arising out of or related to this document or the information contained in it EXCEPT AS SPECIFIED HEREIN NATIONAL INSTRUMENTS MAKES NO WARRANTIES EXPRESS OR IMPLIED AND SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIMS ANY WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE CUSTOMER S RIGHT TO RECOVER
92. es lt 0 are set to 0 Pixel values between 0 and 255 are copied Pixel values gt 255 are set to 255 116 to SGL pixel values are copied 32768 to 32767 116 to RGB32 pixel values are copied into each of the three color planes R G and B with the same conversion rule as 116 to U8 SGL to U8 pixel values lt 0 are set to O Pixel values between 0 and 255 are copied Pixel values gt 255 are forced to 255 SGL to 116 pixel values lt 32768 are set to 32768 Pixel values between 32768 and 32767 are copied Pixel values gt 32767 are set to 32767 SGL to RGB32 same rule applies as 116 to RGB32 Image type IPI_PIXEL_U8 116 SGL RGB32 COMPLEX Input source_image is the image to be converted dest_image is the image resulting from the conversion IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI 5 18 National Instruments Corporation Chapter 5 Tools Functions IPI_ Cast IPIError IPI_Cast IPIImageRef image IPIPixelType pixel_type Purpose This function changes the type of an image Image type IPI_PIXEL_U8 116 SGL RGB32 COMPLEX Input image is the image to be converted pixel_type determines which type the source image is converted to IPI_PIXEL_U8 unsigned 8 bit e IPI_PIXEL_116 signed 16 bit e IPI_PIXEL_SGL single floating point 32 bit pixels IPI_PIXEL_RGB32 32 bit color pixels T Ca COMP LEX two single floating point 64 bit pixels
93. f the reference value Image type IPI_PIXEL_U8 116 SGL Input source_image is the image to transform dest_image is the resulting image x_coordinate and y_coordinate define the position of the point taken as reference tolerance is the range of intensity variation for pixels connectivity_8 indicates the connectivity used to determine if a particle is selected The connectivity mode determines if an adjacent pixel belongs to the same particle or a different particle The possible values are e TRUE The function detects particles in connectivity mode 8 e FALSE The function detects particles in connectivity mode 4 replacement_value is the value that is assigned to pixels with the tolerance range in the destination image National Instruments Corporation 5 17 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI Chapter 5 Tools Functions Conversion The following functions perform linear or nonlinear conversion from one image type to another IDI Convert IPIError IPI_Convert IPIImageRef source_image IPIImageRef dest_image Purpose This function converts the image type of source_image into the image type of dest_image The image type encoded by dest_image defines how the function converts the image The conversion rules are described below U8 to 116 or SGL pixel values are copied 0 to 255 U8 to RGB32 pixel values are copied into each of the three color planes R G and B 116 to U8 pixel valu
94. h is the new number of pixels per line height is the new number of pixels per column IPI_SetimageCalibration IPIError IPI_SetImageCalibration IPIImageRef image IPIImageUnit unit float x_axis_ratio float y_axis_ratio Purpose This function sets the calibration scale for an image Image type IPI_PIXEL_U8 116 SGL RGB32 COMPLEX IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI 5 2 National Instruments Corporation Input Chapter 5 Tools Functions image is the image that receives the new calibration unit is the measure unit associated with the image You can select the following values IPI_UNIT_UNDEF undefined e IPI_UNIT_ANGSTROM angstr IPI_UNIT_MICROMETER micrometer e IPI_UNIT_MILLIMETER millimeter e IPI_UNIT_CENTIMETER centimeter e IPI_UNIT_METER meter e IPI_UNIT_KILOMETER kilometer IPI_UNIT_MICROINCH microinch IPI_UNIT_INCH inch e IPI_UNIT_FOOT foot IPI_UNIT_NAUTICMILE nautic mile s IPI_UNIT_GROUNDMILE ground mile x_axis_ratio indicates the horizontal distance separating two adjacent pixels in the indicated unit y_axis_ratio indicates the vertical distance separating two adjacent pixels in the indicated unit IPI_SetlmageOffset ITPIError IPI_S y_offset Purpose tImageOffset IPIImageRef image int x_offset int This function
95. he reconstructed particles however have the same size as the initial particles except that they are separated During the erosion process if no isthmus is broken the particles are reconstructed as they were initially found that is no changes are made The source image must be an 8 bit or binary image and it must have a border greater than or equal to 1 Image type IPI_PIXEL_U8 Input source_image is the image to transform dest_image is the resulting image number_of_erosion indicates the number of erosions applied to separate the particles structuring_element_descriptor is a pointer to a structure that describes the structuring element to be applied to the image A structuring element of 3x3 is used if this input is equal to IPI_MO_STD3X3 It must have odd sized dimensions to contain a central pixel The function does not take into account the even boundary furthest out on the matrix if one of the dimensions for O National Instruments Corporation 6 39 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI Chapter 6 Image Processing Functions the structuring element is even For example if the input structuring element is 6x4 X 6 and Y 4 the actual processing completes at 5x3 Both the 6th line and the 4th row are ignored IPI_FillHole IPIError IPI_FillHole IPIImageRef source_image IPIImageRef dest_image int connectivity_8 Purpose This function fills the holes found in a particle The holes are filled with a pixel v
96. he IPI_Histogram function No processing occurs if this input is NULL It is necessary to input the same image to both IPI_Histogram and this function minimum_value is the smallest value used for processing After processing all pixel values that were equal to or less than the minimum_value in the original image are set to 0 for an 8 bit image or to the smallest pixel value found in the original image for 16 bit and 32 bit images maximum_value default 0 is the largest value used for processing After processing all pixel values that were equal to or less than the maximum_value in the original image are set to 255 for an 8 bit image or to the largest pixel value found in the original image for 16 bit and 32 bit images Filters Filters are divided into two types linear or convolutions and non linear A linear filter or convolution is a special algorithm that calculates the value of a pixel based on its own pixel value as well as the pixel values of its neighbors The sum of this calculation is divided by the sum of the elements in the matrix to obtain a new pixel value The size of the convolution matrix or kernel does not have a theoretical limit and can be either square or rectangular 3x3 5x5 5x7 9x3 127x127 and IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI 6 20 National Instruments Corporation Chapter 6 Image Processing Functions so on Filters belong to one of four families gradient laplacian smoothing and gaussian Thi
97. his function applies a lookup table LUT to each color plane Image type IPI_PIXEL_RGB32 Mask type IPI_PIXEL_U8 Input color_source_image is the color image on which the LUT is applied mask_image indicates the region in the image where the LUT is applied Only pixels in the original image that correspond to the equivalent pixel in the mask are processed Of the value in the mask is not 0 A LUT on the complete image occurs if mask_image is equal to IPI_NOMASK color_dest_image is the resulting color image IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI 6 76 National Instruments Corporation Chapter 6 Image Processing Functions color_mode defines the color mode used for the operation It can be one of the following predefined values e IPI_RGB processing in red green and blue e IPI_HSL processing in hue saturation and light e IPI_HSV processing in hue saturation and value lookup_format indicates the data type of the lookup table using one of the following LabWindows standard values e VAL _CHAR character e VAL_SHORT_INTEGER short integer e VAL_INTEGER integer e VAL OAT floating point e VAL_DOUBLE double precision VAL NSIGNED_INTEGER unsigned integer F D e VAL_UNSIGNED_SHORT_INTEGER unsigned short integer U U e VAL_UNSIGNED_CHAR unsigned character red_hue_lookup is the LUT to apply to the first color plane d
98. hree color models RGB HSL or HSV The other functions serve as auxiliary functions IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI 6 70 National Instruments Corporation Chapter 6 Image Processing Functions IPI_ExtractColorPlanes IPIError IPI_ExtractColorPlanes IPIImageRef color_source_image IPIImageRef red_hue_plane IPIImageRef green_sat_plane IPIImageRef blue_light_val_plane IPIColorMode color_mode Purpose This function extracts planes from a color image in RGB HSV or HSL mode It is possible to extract only the selected planes Image type IPI_PIXEL_RGB32 Image plane type IPI_PIXEL_U8 Input color_source_image is the color image from which the color planes are extracted red_hue_plane is the first destination image It contains either the red plane color_mode RGB or the hue plane color_mode HSL or 2 The corresponding color plane is not extracted if this parameter is equal to IPI_NOIMAGE green_sat_plane is the second destination image It contains either the green plane color mode RGB or the saturation plane color mode HSL or 2 The color plane is not extracted if this parameter is equal to IPI_NOIMAGE blue_light_val_plane is the third destination image It contains either the blue plane color_mode RGB the light plane color_mode HSL or the value plane color_mode HSV The color plane is not extracted if this parameter is equal to IPI_NOIMAGE color_mode defines the color
99. ile functions Controlling image visualization is of primary importance in an imagery application Be aware that image processing and image visualization are distinct and separate elements Image visualization deals only with the presentation of image data to you and how you work with the visualized images Notice that a typical imagery application has many more images than image windows Because people have different imagery needs and skills IMAQ Vision has a full set of functions that make it very easy to display images and to manage image windows The novice user can easily access the basic IPI_WindDraw functions while OEMs and other professional users can create imagery applications containing sophisticated display and control capabilities With the basic functions you can display the images in image windows and position open and close them on the screen These image windows can be resized and you can place scroll bars in these image windows You can also program when to display the image data Notice that these image windows are based on LabWindows panels and canvas objects that appear as a special subset Only IMAQ Vision functions manage these windows The other features allow you to manage user interaction on image windows including drawing shapes and selecting tools These tools can be used to physically access the image data visualized in the image window They include points lines rectangles ovals freehand multi segme
100. in connectivity mode 8 e FALSE The function completes particle detection in connectivity mode 4 Output labelled_particles contains the number of particles detected in the image IP _ Threshold IPIError IPI_Threshold IPIImageRef source_image IPIImageRef dest_image float min_value float max_value float new_value int do_replacement Purpose This function applies a threshold to an image Image type IPI_PIXEL_U8 116 SGL Input source_image is the image to process dest_image is the resulting image min_value is the lowest pixel value considered IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI 6 12 National Instruments Corporation Chapter 6 Image Processing Functions max_value is the highest pixel value considered new_value replaces all values found between this range Values outside this range are set to 0 do_replacement determines if another value is to replace the pixels existing in the range between min_value and max_value TRUE means replacement FALSE means no replacement ie Note Use a binary palette when you plan to visualize an image to which a threshold has been applied The palette to use for visualization depends on the value of new_value and do_replacement For example a threshold image can be displayed with a gray palette However with a high replacement value such as 255 white you can actually see the displayed result IPI_MultiThreshold IPTError IPI_MultiThreshold IPIIm
101. ing predefined values IPI_COFAM_GRADIENT gradient IPI_COFAM_LAPLACIAN laplacian e IPI_COFAM_SMOOTHING smoothing e IPI_COFAM_GAUSSIAN gaussian matrix_size determines the horizontal and vertical matrix size The values are e 3 corresponding to the convolution with a 3x3 kernel e 5 corresponding to the convolution with a 5x5 kernel e 7 corresponding to the convolution with a 7x7 kernel The convolution_family and the matrix_size determine the matrix type kernel_number is the number of the selected matrix belonging to this matrix type The following table shows the available predefined convolution matrixes IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI 6 22 National Instruments Corporation Image Processing Functions Chapter 6 Gradient 3x3 Table 6 1 matrix and content 3 01 1 1 1 1 1 0 7 10 1 1 0 1 1 11 1 10 1 15 1 1 0 1 1 1 01 19 012 1 1 1 2 10 23 210 1 0 1 2 27 0 1 2 1 210 31 2 1 0 1 1 1 012 matrix and content 2 01 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 6 10 1 0 1 1 10 1 0 1 10 1 14 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 01 18 012 1 0 1 2 10 22 210 1 0 1 0 1 2 26 0 1 2 1 0 1 210 30 2 10 1 0 1 012 matrix and content 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 5 11 010 l1 1 1 9 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 13 atj 010 1 17 1 0 1
102. integer e VAL_FLOAT floating point cl e VAL_DOUBLE double precision e VAL_UNSIGNED_SHORT_INTEGER unsigned short integer e VAL_UNSIGNED_INTEGER unsigned integer VAL_UNSIGNED_CHAR unsigned character Output array 1s the pointer to the pixel array allocated by you It must be big enough to contain all copied elements nb_of_elements returns the number of copied elements in the array IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI 5 10 O National Instruments Corporation Chapter 5 Tools Functions IPI_SetLine IPIError IPI_SetLine IPIImageRef image Point start Point end int array_format void array int nb_of_elements Purpose This function writes a line of pixel in an image An array that you define contains the new values of the pixels Image type IPI_PIXEL_U8 116 SGL Input image is the image to modify start is the start point of the line to modify end is the end point of the line to modify array_format indicates the data type of the array using one of the following LabWindows standard values VAL_CHAR character e VAL_SHORT_INTEGER short integer e VAL_INTEGER integer e VAL_FLOAT floating point e VAL_DOUBLE double precision s VAL NSIGNED_INTEGER unsigned integer F D e VAL_UNSIGNED_SHORT_INTEGER unsigned short integer U U VAL_UNSIGNED_CHAR
103. ional Instruments Corporation Basic Concepts About Images Chapter This chapter explains the basic ideas underlying image processing with IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI An image is a function of the light intensity f x y where x and y represent the spatial coordinates of a point in an image and where f is the brightness of the point x y In other words an image is a two dimensional array of values which represent light intensity These values are encoded with a range determined by the pixel depth Several factors influence the decision to encode an image in 8 bits 16 bits or in a floating value These factors include the nature of the image the type of image processing to use and the type of analysis to perform For example 8 bit encoding is sufficient if you plan to perform morphology analysis surface elongation factor and so on On the other hand if you want to obtain a highly precise quantification of the light intensity from an image or a region of an image 16 bit or 32 bit floating point encoding is required An image can consist of one or several planes It is possible to acquire and process a real color image which contains three planes Each plane represents the intensities of the primary colors red green and blue This image type is also known as RGB Chunky It is encoded in 32 bits including 8 bits for the alpha channel not used in IMAQ Vision and 8 bits each for the red green an
104. is encoded with the biggest number of bits Image type IPI_PIXEL_U8 116 SGL Input source_A_image and source_B_image are the two input images dest_image is the resulting image It can be one of the source images National Instruments Corporation 6 5 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI Chapter 6 Image Processing Functions constant is the value to modulo divide by the input source_A_image for operation between an image and a constant The constant is rounded down if the image is encoded as an integer IPI_MulDiv IPIError IPI_MulDiv IPIImageRef source A image IPIImageRef source_B_image IPIImageRef dest_image float multiplication_constant Purpose This function computes a ratio between two images Each pixel in source_A_image is multiplied by the integer value indicated in the multiplication_constant before the result of this operation is divided by the equivalent pixel found in source_B_image If the background is lighter than the image this function can be used to correct the background In a background correction source_A_image is the acquired image and source_B_image is the light background dest x y source A x y multiplication_constant source B x y The two input images must be of the same image type If source_B_image is equal to IPI_USECONSTANT an operation occurs between an image and a constant Note To complete this function with an image and a constant the output dest_image must
105. is the row or column number to modify array_format indicates the data type of the array using one of the following LabWindows standard values VAL _CHAR character e VAL_SHORT_INTEGER short integer e VAL_INTEGER integer VAL OAT floating point e VAL_DOUBLE double precision e VAL_UNSIGNED_INTEGER unsigned integer F D e VAL_UNSIGNED_SHORT_INTEGER unsigned short integer U U VAL_UNSIGNED_CHAR unsigned character array defines the pointer to the pixel array containing the new pixel values which are copied into the image nb_of_elements defines the number of elements in the array National Instruments Corporation 5 9 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI Chapter 5 Tools Functions IDI GetLine IPIError IPI_GetLine IPIImageRef image Point start Point end int array_format void array int nb_of_ elements Purpose This function reads a line of pixels from an image into an array and returns the number of elements in this array Image type IPI_PIXEL_U8 116 SGL Input image is the image used for this operation start is the start point of the line read end is the end point of the line read array_format indicates the data type of the array using one of the following LabWindows standard values VAL _CHAR c lt Character e VAL_SHORT_INTEGER sShort integer e VAL_INTEGER
106. izontal number of elements in the color array array_y_size returns the vertical number of elements in the color array IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI 6 80 National Instruments Corporation Chapter 6 Image Processing Functions IPI_ArrayToColorlmage IPIError IPI_ArrayToColorImage IPIImageRef color_image int color_array int array_x_size int array_y_size Purpose This function replaces the pixels of a color image with pixels defined in a color array allocated by you Image type IPI_PIXEL_RGB32 Input color_image is the color image to modify The resulting image is resized to array_x_sizeand array_y_size color_array is the allocated array array_x_size indicates the horizontal size of the pixels array array_y_size indicates the vertical size of the pixels array IPI_ColorConversion IPIError IPI_ColorConversion IPIColorMode src_color_mode unsigned char src_red_hue unsigned char src_grn_sat unsigned char src_blu_light_val IPIColorMode dst_color_mode unsigned char dst_red_hue unsigned char dst_grn_sat unsigned char dst_blu_light_val Purpose This function converts the color pixel values from one color mode to another Input src_color_mode defines the source color mode used for the operation It can take any one of the following predefined values e IPI_RGB processing in red green and blue e IPI_HSL processing in hue saturation and light e IPI_HSV processing in hue sat
107. lements parameter e Determine an arbitrary maximum buffer 1024 2048 and use the nb_of_elements returned by the function to know how much data is relevant IPI_Histogram Other cases of using a user pointer can be explained by describing an IPI_Histogram call as follows IPI_Histogram IPIImageRef image IPIImageRef mask_image int number_of_classes float minimum_value float maximum_value int histogram IPIHistoReport histogram_report The histogram parameter is an array of integers where the function returns the histogram values The value of number_of_classes determines the size of this array You have to be consistent with the size allocated for the histogram buffer and the value passed in number_of_classes Furthermore it is not easy and might be impossible for you to determine the necessary buffer size for a set of functions In this case instead of using a user pointer the function has to return the pointer The IPI_Particle function for example performs a particle detection and returns parameters on detected particles This function cannot use a user pointer because you do not know the number of particles before the function detects them National Instruments Corporation 2 13 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI Chapter 2 Basic Concepts These functions have to allocate their own pointers and return these pointers to you The standard realloc has a similar use and behavior If you pass a pointer to a N
108. lex_array is the pointer of the complex pixel array allocated by you It must be big enough to contain all elements array_x_size returns the horizontal number of copied elements in the array array_y_size returns the vertical number of copied elements in the array IPI_ArrayToComplexlmage IPIError IPI_ArrayToComplexImage IPIImageRef complex_image IPIPixComplex complex_array int array_x_size int array_y_size Purpose This function creates a complex image starting from an array of complex values The resulting image is resized to array_x_size and array_y_size Image type IPI_PIXEL_COMPLEX IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI 6 66 National Instruments Corporation Chapter 6 Image Processing Functions Input complex_image is the image to modify complex_array defines the pointer to the pixel array containing the new pixel values which are copied into the image array_x_size is the horizontal number of elements in the array array_y_size is the vertical number of elements in the array IPI_ComplexPlaneToArray IPIError IPI_ComplexPlaneToArray IPIImageRef complex_image int plane Rect rectangle float float_array int array_x_size int array_y_size Purpose This function extracts the pixels from the real imaginary magnitude or phase plane of a complex image into a floating point 2D array Image type IPI_PIXEL_COMPLEX Input complex_image is the image used for this opera
109. lied to the source image when determining the final height and width of the 3D view image A factor of 1 uses all of the source image pixels when determining the 3D view image A factor of 2 results in using every other line and every other column of the source image pixels to determine the 3D view image maximum_height defines the maximum height of a pixel from the image source that is drawn in 3D This value is mapped from a maximum of 255 from the source image in relation to the baseline in the 3D view A value of 255 therefore assigns a one to one correspondence between the intensity value in the source image and the display in 3D view The default value of 64 results in a 4x4 reduction between the original intensity value of the pixel in the source image and the final displayed 3D image direction defines the 3D orientation The following four viewing angles are possible IPI_3D_NW northwest view e IPI_3D_Sw southwest view National Instruments Corporation 6 55 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI Chapter 6 Image Processing Functions IPI_3D_SE southeast view e IPI_3D_NE northeast view Options is a cluster containing the following elements e alpha defines the angle between the horizontal and the baseline The value can be set between 15 and 45 The default value is 30 e beta defines the angle between the horizontal and the second baseline The value can be set between 15 and 45 The default value is
110. m and the corresponding image e area number of pixels used in the histogram calculation This is influenced by the values indicated by minimum_value and maximum_value and the contents of mask_image IPI_Quantify IPIError IPI_Quantify IPIImageRef image IPIImageRef labelled_image IPIQuantifyElem global_report IPIQuantifyElemPtr region_report_array_ptr int nb_of_region_reports Purpose This function quantifies the contents of an image or the regions within an image The function uses a labelled mask image to define the regions Each region or particle of the mask image possesses a single unique value Image type IPI_PIXEL_U8 116 SGL Labelled image type IPI_PIXEL_U8 Input image is the image to quantify labelled_image indicates the mask image that contains the labelled regions quantified in the image Only pixels in the original image that correspond to the equivalent pixel in the mask are used for the quantification Each pixel in this labelled image indicates by its value to which region the corresponding pixel in image belongs From image 255 different regions can be quantified directly This function performs a quantification completed on the complete image if labelled_image is equal to IPI_NOIMAGE National Instruments Corporation 6 45 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI Chapter 6 Image Processing Functions Output global_report is a structure containing the following elemen
111. ments Corporation Product and company names listed are trademarks or trade names of their respective companies WARNING REGARDING MEDICAL AND CLINICAL USE OF NATIONAL INSTRUMENTS PRODUCTS National Instruments products are not designed with components and testing intended to ensure a level of reliability suitable for use in treatment and diagnosis of humans Applications of National Instruments products involving medical or clinical treatment can create a potential for accidental injury caused by product failure or by errors on the part of the user or application designer Any use or application of National Instruments products for or involving medical or clinical treatment must be performed by properly trained and qualified medical personnel and all traditional medical safeguards equipment and procedures that are appropriate in the particular situation to prevent serious injury or death should always continue to be used when National Instruments products are being used National Instruments products are NOT intended to be a substitute for any form of established process procedure or equipment used to monitor or safeguard human health and safety in medical or clinical treatment _ y Contents About This Manual Organization of This Manual xi Conventions Used in This Manual xii Customer Communications SEENEN E EE EEE E E ete xiii Chapter 1 Introduction System Set Up and Operation ooooccoccconnoonoonnonononcnnnonncnncon
112. mode used for this operation It can take one of the following predefined values e IPI_RGB processing in red green and blue e IPI_HSL processing in hue saturation and light e IPI_HSV processing in hue saturation and value O National Instruments Corporation 6 71 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI Chapter 6 Image Processing Functions IPI_ReplaceColorPlanes IPIError IPI_ReplaceColorPlanes IPIImageRef color_source_image IPIImageRef color_dest_image IPIImageRef red_hue_plane IPIImageRef green_sat_plane IPIImageRef blue_light_val_plane IPIColorMode color_mode Purpose This function replaces one or more planes in a color image in RGB HSL or HSV mode e Ifthe three plane images are defined the color_source_image is not necessary only the color_dest_image is used e H one or two plane images are defined the color_source_image is necessary Note All source images must have the same size Image type IPI_PIXEL_RGB32 IPI_PIXEL_U8 Input color_source_image is the color image where one or more planes are replaced color_dest_image is the resulting color image This image is not necessary if the three planes are defined and the color_source_image is not defined red_hue_plane is the first source image It contains either the red plane color_mode RGB or the hue plane color_mode HSL or HSV The red or hue plane is not replaced if this parameter is equal to IPI_NOIMAGE green_sat_pl
113. n maximize e ATTR_CAN_MINIMIZE can minimize e ATTR_CLOSE_ITEM_VISIBLE close item visible e ATTR_FLOATING floating window e ATTR_MOVABLE movable window ATTR_SIZABLE sizable window The IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI specific attributes are the following IPI_ATTR_VZOOM Vertical zoom ratio IPI_ATTR_HZOOM Horizontal zoom ratio IPI_ATTR_VGRID Vertical drawing grid e IPI_ATTR_HGRID Horizontal drawing grid Output attribute_value returns the value corresponding to the attribute With the attribute ATTR_TITLE this parameters is a char For all the other attributes the value is an integer IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI 4 6 O National Instruments Corporation Chapter 4 Display and File Functions IPI_GetWindow2DAttributes IPIError IPI_GetWindow2DAttributes int window_number int window_2D_attribute int V_attribute_value int H_ attribute_value Purpose This function reads 2D window attributes Input window_number 0 15 indicates the image window to use It is indicated by a number from 0 to 15 window_2D_attribute is one of the following predefined 2D attributes e IPI_ATTR_TOP_AND_LEFT top and left e IPI_ATTR_HEIGHT_AND_WIDTH height and width e IPI_ATTR_VH_SCROLL_OFFSET vertical and horizontal scroll bar offset IPI_ATTR_VH_ZOOM vertical and horizontal zoom
114. n the image type IPI_PIXEL_U8 the maximum default value used is 255 e IPI_PIXEL_I16 the maximum default value used is the maximum pixel value found in the image e IPI_PIXEL_SGL the maximum default value used is the maximum pixel value found in the image Output histogram_array is filled with the histogram values The elements found in this array are the number of pixels per class The n class contains all pixel values belonging to the interval Starting Value n 1 Interval Width Starting Value n Interval Width 1 It can be a NULL pointer if you do not need this histogram histogram_report is a structure filled the statistical values related to the histogram computation It can be a NULL pointer if you do not need this report This structure contains the following elements e minValue lowest pixel value found in the calculated area e maxValue highest pixel value found in the calculated area IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI 6 44 O National Instruments Corporation Chapter 6 Image Processing Functions e startValue lowest pixel value in the first class of the histogram It can be equal to the minimum value or the smallest value found from the input image e interval width of each class e mean mean value of the pixels e stdDeviation standard deviation of the considered class in the histogram The higher this value is the better the distribution of the values in the histogra
115. nancnnnnnnos 4 4 IPI_SetWindow2DAttributes occccccccccccnincnnonananananancnnonononancncncnonons 4 5 IPI_GetWindowAttribute ooooooocccccccncccoconininconanananononcnnonannnaninnaninonos 4 5 IPI_GetWindow2DAttributes occcccccccccccinnnnonanananancnnononanonaninnncnonons 4 7 IPT Wand Closes ca e rd ins RAs 4 7 Display KEE 4 8 IPT Wind ToolsSetup ics vis cecsesisesassccessestissisdeetesssiessecdosetovsasvnsesnnsnays 4 8 IPI_SetWindToolsAttribute occccccccccnccinnnnonanananancnnononnnnncocacicininnnns 4 9 IPI _GetWindToolsAttribute oooccccccccnccnocinnononanananannanonononanoncnnnninos 4 10 TPL Set Active TOO aus ide treet ees 4 10 IPI_GetActiveTool c 0coccoconononocooonononocococococononconananononcnnononnnnnnnnncanicinins 4 11 IPI Wind ToolsClose naerenn enee ee a Erens risor 4 11 IPI_InstallWCallback oooonononccunuouoaocnoncnononococococonicocococininincncanananonono 4 12 IPI_RemoveWCallback 4 12 IPI_GetLastEvent ooccocnocononononononononococonococincnconananononcnnononcnnnancncnnccnonon 4 12 IPI GetLast WEVeNt coocncncncnononononnonononononnnonononononcncnnonnncnnononacanananananono 4 15 Regions ot Interests Get HEEN eE e ieri aE p EEEE EES EEE pa 4 15 IS BS 8 LEE 4 16 IPE SGetWROL secs scesdesevecvtzees deed deed Eddie ge Ee 4 16 IPl Clear WROL Zeus idas 4 17 IS ERR 4 17 TPT Mask TOR OF i isec cseee ees hei ele DEE AR ee eee 4 18 IPL FreeROT iii il E E 4 18 Fl EE 4 19 TPL Readbtle ia a Ee
116. nate int y_coordinate IPIPixelPtr pixel_address Purpose This function returns a pixel address from an image Image type IPI_PIXEL_U8 116 SGL Input image is the image used for this operation x_coordinate is the horizontal coordinate of the pixel y_coordinate is the vertical coordinate of the pixel Output pixel_address returns the address of the indicated pixel Tools Diverse The following functions draw shapes into an image IPI_DrawLine IPIError IPI_DrawLine IPIImageRef source_image IPIImageRef dest_image Point point_1 Point point_2 IPIDrawMode draw_mode float gray_level Purpose This function draws a line in an image Image type IPI_PIXEL_U8 116 SGL Input source_image is the source image where the line is drawn dest_image is the resulting image point_1 and point_2 are the start point and the end point of the line IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI 5 14 National Instruments Corporation Chapter 5 Tools Functions draw_mode defines how to draw the object It can take the following values H IPI_DRAW_FRAME frame Draws the contour using the gray_level value e IPI_DRAW_PAINT paint Fills the shape using the gray_level value e IPI_INVERT_FRAME drawing the conto invert frame Uses the inverse of the pixel values when ur IPI_INVERT_PAINT invert paint Uses the inverse of the pixel values when drawing the whole shape gray_le
117. ne of the source images constant is the value by which to multiply the source_A_image for an operation between an image and a constant The constant is rounded down if the image is encoded as an integer National Instruments Corporation 6 3 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI Chapter 6 Image Processing Functions IPI_Divide IPIError IPI_Divide IPIImageRef source A image IPIImageRef source_B_image IPIImageRef dest_image float constant Purpose This function divides an image by an image or an image by a constant If source_B_image is equal to IP I_USECONSTANT an operation between an image and a constant is made The two possibilities are distinguished in the following manner dest x y source A x y source B x y or dest x y source A x y constant Note To divide an image by a constant the dest_image must be of the same image type as the source A image You cannot divide an image by 0 If the constant is 0 it is automatically replaced by 1 If the size of one of the two source images is NULL the result is the copy of the other If source_A_imageand source_B_image are different the dest _image must match the image type of the source image encoded with the most bits Image type IPI_PIXEL_U8 116 SGL Input source_A_image and source_B_image are the two input images dest_image is the resulting image It can be one of the source images constant is the value of the divider of the input source_
118. ned values e IPI_RGB processing in red green and blue e IPI_HSL processing in hue saturation and light e IPI_HSV processing in hue saturation and value new_value indicates the value assigned to pixels in dest_image when the corresponding pixels from the color_source_image have values within all three ranges O National Instruments Corporation 6 75 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI Chapter 6 Image Processing Functions Any pixel values not included in the defined range are reset to zero in the destination image The pixel values included in these ranges are set to the value indicated in new_value red_hue_min_value is the lower limit of the range in the red or the hue plane red_hue_max_value is the higher limit of the range in the red or the hue plane green_sat_min_value is the lower limit of the range in the green or the saturation plane green_sat_max_value is the higher limit of the range in the green or the saturation plane blue_light_val_min_value is the lower limit of the range in the blue or the light or the value plane blue_light_val_max_value is the higher limit of the range in the blue or the light or the value plane IPI_ColorUserLookup IPIError IPI_ColorUserLookup IPIImageRef color_source_image IPIImageRef mask_image IPIImageRef color_dest_image PIColorMode color_mode int lookup_format void red_hue_lookup void green_sat_lookup void blue_light_val_lookup Purpose T
119. nes the speed of the morphological transformation Different results occur when the contents of the structuring element are changed National Instruments recommends that you possess a solid comprehension of morphology or spend some time learning how to use these elements before changing the standard structuring element filled with Is The structuring elements shown below each have a different result 1 1 0 O 1 1 11 11 O O O 1 1 0 o 1 1 1 1 1 SEIE 1 10 Dill 0 0 0 UNN Figure 2 5 Structuring Element Morphological Results National Instruments Corporation 2 11 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI Chapter 2 Basic Concepts The standard way to perform morphological operations is to use a structuring element containing 1 no matter what size the structuring element is To simplify the use of morphological functions that need a Structuring element descriptor IMAQ Vision has three standard MorphoDescPtr functions for three different sizes e IPI_MO_STD3X3 pointing to a 3x3 structuring element filled with nine values e IPI_MO_STD5xX5 pointing to a 5x5 structuring element filled with twenty five 1 values e IPI_MO_STD7X7 pointing to a 7x7 structuring element filled with forty nine values iP Note The default value in the IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI morphological function panel is IPI_MO_STD3X3 User Pointers and IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI Poin
120. ng predefined values IPI_PIXEL_U8 unsigned 8 bit IPI_PIXEL_116 signed 16 bit e IPI_PIXEL_SGL single floating point 32 bit pixels IPI_PIXEL_RGB32 32 bit color pixels e IPI_PIXEL_COMPLEX two single floating point 64 bit pixels border_size determines the width in pixels of the border created around an image These pixels are used only by specific functions related to morphology or filtering Unless you use 7x7 or bigger morphology or convolution process a border size of 2 is sufficient for all IMAQ Vision functions Output image_ptr returns the image structure reference that is supplied as input to all functions used by IMAQ Vision IPI_Dispose IPIError IPI_Dispose IPIImageRef image Purpose This function discards an image and reallocates the occupied space in memory It must be used for each created image to free the memory allocated by IPI_Create Image Type IPI_PIXEL_U8 116 SGL RGB32 COMPLEX Input image is the image to be disposed IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI 3 2 National Instruments Corporation Chapter 3 Management Functions IPI_SetErrorMode IPIError IPI_SetErrorMode IPIErrorMode mode Purpose This function sets up the IMAQ Vision behavior when an error occurs Input mode indicates your selected error mode e IPI_ERRORMODE_ALERT alert dialog default as startup IPI_ERRORMODE_IGNORE
121. nonno conc no cono nnnnn cnn n ane esnie iei EE 1 1 System Requirements scerna eens dido tl SEENEN AE 1 1 Install A a 1 2 Chapter 2 Basic Concepts About Image Senen oe eae eraa ee ei n 2 1 OVE e EE TEEN EE A EA E A ees Ave A 2 3 Source Destination and Mask Images 2 5 Processing OPLIONS 2 52 scesceescsseeseecesecyssbsbesiedsensscevsdesasssstased sveassabeeiisavassievscnsssesesssqebesesebons 2 9 CONNECTIVITY tee EENS 2 9 Example A enee REES ASSEN Eei eE 2 9 Structuring Element Descrptor see ceee ce cnseceesaeceeecaeeaecseeseesaeenees 2 10 The hexaProcessing Piel dis nit s 2 11 User Pointers and IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI Pointers ooooooccnoncncnooccnonnnncnnnos 2 12 TPL E e 2 12 IP sto EE 2 13 Starting with IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI o ooccncncccccconnoononnnonnnanornncnncrononnccnncnnos 2 15 Chapter 3 Management Functions Si he Si 3 1 IPI Creates EE 3 1 IS BR Ern EE 3 2 IPI_SetErrorMode ccccccccccncncnnnnonicinincncnnocananananano no nono cnn nononononanonannnnnons 3 3 TPL GetError Mod sean sass Si E aE EE tated 3 3 National Instruments Corporation v IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI Contents IPE GetliaStBrror i votes 3 3 IPI_ProcessError mionnan i a iieis 3 4 IN Re 3 4 Chapter 4 Display and File Functions DIN EE 4 1 Display B asics ii a O cack esha eave aia Hoga AE E 4 2 IPD tele EE 4 2 IPI Wsetbalete it 4 3 IPI Set WindowAtttributes oooooooooccnccccococonocinnonanananananancnnononc
122. nt lines and free objects You can convert data accessed with these tools into a region of interest or ROI The functions also regulate user interaction in the IMAQ Vision image windows and the events that occur in those image windows National Instruments Corporation 4 1 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI Chapter 4 Display and File Functions With this library you can complete the following tasks e manage a tools windows WindTools e select a region tool for defining a region of interest ROI e manage a standard palette of display tools e get both the events generated by a user and the associated data from an image window Note The display functions use parts of the Lab Windows toolbox You must add the toolbox ob 3 in your Lab Windows project Display Basics The following functions control the basics of image display IPI WindDraw IPIError IPI_WindDraw IPIImageRef image int window_number char window_title int resize_window Purpose This function displays an image in an image window The image window appears automatically when the function executes By using an 8 bit image buffer Tmp this function displays 16 bit and floating point images This 8 bit image buffer is calculated as a function of the dynamic range from the image source The function automatically calculates the minimum value Min the maximum value Max and then the following formula is applied to each pixel Tmp x y Source x
123. o compute the histogram A histogram on the complete image is computed if this input is equal to IPI_NOMASK National Instruments Corporation 6 43 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI Chapter 6 Image Processing Functions number_of_classes indicates the number of classes in the histograms that is the number of elements of the histogram array The number of calculated classes differ from the indicated value if the minimum and maximum boundaries are overshot It is advised to specify an even number of classes that is 2 4 8 for 8 or 16 bit images The value 256 causes a uniform class distribution and one class for each pixel value in an 8 bit image Only pixels whose values fall in the range of minimum_value and maximum_value are taken into account in the histogram calculation minimum_value is the lower limit of the range Passing the value 0 in minimum_value and maximum_value ensures that the lowest value is taken from the source image The minimum default value depends on the image type IPI_PIXEL_U8 the minimum default value is 0 e IPI_PIXEL_I16 the minimum default value is the minimum pixel value found in the image T T e IPI_PIXEL_SGL the minimum default value is the minimum pixel value found in the image maximum_value is the higher limit of the range Passing the value 0 in minimum_value and maximum_value ensures that the highest value is taken from the source image The maximum default value depends o
124. of a file This information is supplied only if the file has a standard file format AIPD BMP TIFF Input file_name is the complete path name Drive Directory File of the file IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI 4 20 O National Instruments Corporation Chapter 4 Display and File Functions Output file_info is a pointer to a structure that contains the following information e fileFormat indicates the file type that was read It can be any of the following IPI_FILE_UNKNOWN IPI_FILE_AIPD IPI_FILE BMP IPI_FILE_TIFF e bitsPerPixel indicates how many bits are used per pixel e nbPlanes indicates the number of planes in the image 1 for monochrome images 2 for complex images 3 for color images e width is the horizontal size defined in the header of standard image file formats e height is the vertical size defined in the header of standard image file formats National Instruments Corporation 4 21 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI Tools Functions Chapter This chapter describes the IMAQ Vision tools functions Tools Image The following functions are a set of diverse functions for the manipulation of images copy reduction expansion extraction and so on Also included are functions that get all information about the image attributes and pixel mapping operate on individual pixels and convert images to arrays and vice versa IPI_Getlmagelnfo IPT Error IPI_GetIm
125. olor_table output Output color_table contains the color table R G B read from the file if you pass the value TRUE at the load_color_table input To load a color table you have to allocate the space corresponding to 256 integers 1024 bytes and use this pointer as color_table nb_of_colors is the number of colors contained in the color_table National Instruments Corporation 4 19 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI Chapter 4 Display and File Functions IPI_WriteFile IPIError IPI_WriteFile IPIImageRef image char file_namel IPIFileFormat format int color_table int nb_of_colors Purpose This function writes an image to a file Image type IPI_PIXEL_U8 I16 SGL COMPLEX RGB32 Input image is the image to be written file_name is the complete path name Drive Directory File of the file to be written format indicates the standard file format to be created e IPI_FILE_AIPD creates an AIPD file the only file format that uses all image types e IPI_FILE_BMP creates a BMP file that uses 8 bit or color 24 bit e IPI_FILE_TIFF creates a TIFF file that uses 8 bit or color 24 bit color_table contains the color table to include in the file BMP and TIFF only nb_of_colors is the number of colors contained in the color table IPI_GetFilelnfo IPIError IPI_GetFilelnfo char file name IPIFilelnfo file_info Purpose This function gets information on the contents
126. on on the Technical Support Form and the configuration form if your manual contains one about your system configuration to answer your questions as quickly as possible National Instruments has technical assistance through electronic fax and telephone systems to quickly provide the information you need Our electronic services include a bulletin board service an FTP site a fax on demand system and e mail support If you have a hardware or software problem first try the electronic support systems If the information available on these systems does not answer your questions we offer fax and telephone support through our technical support centers which are staffed by applications engineers Electronic Services Bulletin Board Support National Instruments has BBS and FTP sites dedicated for 24 hour support with a collection of files and documents to answer most common customer questions From these sites you can also download the latest instrument drivers updates and example programs For recorded instructions on how to use the bulletin board and FTP services and for BBS automated information call 512 795 6990 You can access these services at United States 512 794 5422 Up to 14 400 baud 8 data bits 1 stop bit no parity United Kingdom 01635 551422 Up to 9 600 baud 8 data bits 1 stop bit no parity France 01 48 65 15 59 Up to 9 600 baud 8 data bits 1 stop bit no parity FTP Support To access our FTP site log on
127. onnectivity_8 indicates the connectivity used for particle detection The connectivity mode directly determines if an adjacent pixel belongs to the same particle or a different particle Possible values are e TRUE The function completes particle detection in connectivity mode 8 e FALSE The function completes particle detection in connectivity mode 4 high_pass controls if the particles present after the specified number of erosions are to be discarded FALSE or kept TRUE number_of_erosion indicates the number of erosions applied to separate the particles structuring_element_descriptor is a pointer to a structure that describes the structuring element to be applied to the image A structuring element of 3x3 is used if this input is equal to IPI_MO_STD3X3 It must have odd sized dimensions to contain a central pixel The function does not take into account the even boundary furthest out on the matrix if one of the dimensions for the structuring element is even For example if the input structuring element is 6x4 X 6 and Y 4 the actual processing completes at 5x3 Both the 6th line and the 4th row are ignored IPI_RejectBorder IPIError IPI_RejectBorder IPIImageRef source_image IPIImageRef dest_image int connectivity_8 Purpose This function eliminates particles touching the border of an image This operation requires the creation of a temporary memory space equal to the size of the source image Im
128. ose This function draws an oval in an image Image type IPI_PIXEL_U8 116 SGL Input source_image is the source image where the oval is drawn dest_image is the resulting image rectangle is a Rect structure containing the coordinates and the size of the oval to draw draw_mode defines how to draw the object It can take the following values e IPI_DRAW_FRAME frame Draws the contour using the gray_level value e IPI_DRAW_PAINT paint Fills the shape using the gray_level value IPI_INVERT_FRAME invert frame Uses the inverse of the pixel values when drawing the contour e IPI_INVERT_PAINT invert paint Uses the inverse of the pixel values when drawing the whole shape gray_level is the pixel value used for drawing This value is not used in the modes IPI_INVERT_FRAME or IPI_INVERT_PAINT IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI 5 16 National Instruments Corporation Chapter 5 Tools Functions IPI_MagicWand IPIError IPI_MagicWand IPIImageRef source_image IPIImageRef dest_image int x_coordinate int y_coordinate float tolerance int connectivity_8 float replacement_value Purpose This function creates an image mask by extracting a region surrounding a reference pixel and using a positive and negative tolerance of intensity variation around the value of the reference pixel The process searches for all neighboring pixels whose values are found within the tolerance o
129. ource image must have a border greater or equal to 1 Image type IPI_PIXEL_U8 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI 6 42 National Instruments Corporation Chapter 6 Image Processing Functions Input source_image is the image to transform dest_image is the resulting image method indicates the type of skeleton to use IPI_MO_SKL uses the Skeleton L structuring element e IPI_MO_SKM uses the Skeleton M structuring element IPI_MO_SKIZ uses an inverse skeleton Skeleton L on an inverse image Analysis The following functions analyze the contents of an image Some functions allow you to perform basic and complex particle detection With others you can extract measurements and morphological coefficients for each object in an image IPI_Histogram IPIError IPI_Histogram IPIImageRef image IPIImageRef mask_image int number_of_classes float minimum_value float maximum_value int histogram_array IPIHistoReport histogram_report Purpose This function computes the histogram of an image A histogram indicates the quantitative distribution of the pixels of an image per gray level value Image type IPI_PIXEL_U8 116 SGL Mask image type IPI_PIXEL_U8 Input image is the image used to compute the histogram mask_image indicates the region in the image used for computing the histogram In other words only pixels in the original image that correspond to a non NULL pixel in the mask are used t
130. ours oval rectangle and so on or freehand contours The IMAQ Vision user has the following options e associate a ROI with an image window e extract a ROI associated with an image window e erase the current ROI from an image window e transform a ROI into an image mask e transform an image mask into a ROI An image mask that is converted into a ROI must have an offset The image mask uses the offset to associate the ROI with an image window that contains image data In other words the offset places a newly created ROI into the space of another image The offset defines the National Instruments Corporation 4 15 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI Chapter 4 Display and File Functions upper left corner coordinates x y for the bounding rectangle belonging to the ROI The default value is 0 0 The ROI descriptor is described as follows e Bounding rectangle for a ROI e Regions list contour identifier exterior or interior contour contour type point line rectangle oval freehand and so on list of points x y describing the contour IPI_SetWROI IPIError IPI_SetWROI int window_number IPIROIPtr ROI Purpose This function associates a ROI with an image window Input window_number 0 15 indicates the image window to use It is a number from O to 15 ROT is the address of an array describing a ROI IPI_GetWROI IPIError IPI_GetWROI int window_number IPIROIPtr ROI Purpose This f
131. pixel from the particle border The source image must have been created with a border size of at least 1 and must be an 8 bit image Image type IPI_PIXEL_U8 Input source_image is the image to transform dest_image is the resulting image IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI 6 38 National Instruments Corporation Chapter 6 Image Processing Functions structuring_element_descriptor is a pointer to a structure that describes the structuring element to be applied to the image A structuring element of 3x3 is used if this input is equal to IPI_MO_STD3X3 It must have odd sized dimensions to contain a central pixel The function does not take into account the even boundary furthest out on the matrix if one of the dimensions for the structuring element is even For example if the input structuring element is 6x4 X 6 and Y 4 the actual processing is done at 5x3 Both the 6th line and the 4th row are ignored IPI_Separation IPIError IPI_Separation IPIImageRef source_image IPIImageRef dest_image int number_of_erosion IPIMorphoDescPtr structuring_element_descriptor Purpose This function separates touching particles It operates particularly on small isthmuses found between particles It completes number_of_erosions It then reconstructs the final image based on the results of the erosion If during the erosion process an existing isthmus is broken or removed the particles are reconstructed without the isthmus T
132. pty image window IPI_EVT_SIZE n a 0 1 width and empty height of image window IPI_EVT_SCROLL n a 0 1 center empty position of image IPI EVT_ACTIVATE n a empty empty IPI EVT_CLOSE n a empty empty Pixel values are stored in the first element of the array for 8 bit 16 bit and floating point images The RGB values of color images are stored in the order 0 1 2 The real and imaginary values of a complex image are stored in the order 0 1 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI 4 14 O National Instruments Corporation Chapter 4 Display and File Functions IP _ GetLastW Event int IPI_GetLastWEvent int window_number IPIWindEventRecord event_record Purpose This function reads the last event on a window Input window_number 0 15 indicates the image window used It is a number from 0 to 15 Output event record is a structure filled with the following information e windowNumber image window receiving the event e event event type e usedTool tool used to generate the event e coordinates 4 array containing draw coordinates values e otherData 4 other data values event_record returns the occurred event Table 4 1 Event Tool Coordinates shows the coordinate content according to the type of event and the tool used Regions of Interest Regions of interest can be used to focus your processing and analysis on a part of an image A ROI can be traced using standard cont
133. radient palette IPI_PLT_RAINBOW rainbow palette e IPI_PLT_TEMPERATURE temperature palette IPI_PLT_USER user palette color_table is the address of your color table If used this table contains 256 integers specifying the RGB color corresponding to the 256 possible pixel values A specific color is the result of a value between 0 and 255 for each of the three color planes red green and blue If the three planes have the identical values a shade of gray between 0 0 0 black and 255 255 255 white results National Instruments Corporation 4 3 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI Chapter 4 Display and File Functions IPI_SetWindowAttributes IPIError IPI_SetWindowAttribute int window_number int window_attribute Purpose This function changes an attribute of one image window Input window_number 0 15 indicates the image window to use It is indicated by a number from 0 to 15 window_attribute is the attribute value to set This can be one of the standard LabWindows attributes used by IMAQ Vision for image windows or an IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI specific attribute Following are the standard attributes es ATTR_VISIBLE visible e ATTR_LEFT left S ATTR_TOP top es ATTR_WIDTH width e ATTR_HEIGHT height e ATTR_TITLEBAR_VISIBLE title bar visible e ATTIR_TITLE title e ATTR_SC
134. ram IPIImageRef color_image IPIImageRef mask_image int number_of_classes IPIColorMode color_mode int red_hue_histogram int green_sat_histogram int blue_light_val_histogram IPIHistoReport red_hue_report IPIHistoReport green_sat_report IPIHistoReport blue_light_val_report Purpose This function computes and displays the histograms extracted from the three planes of an image It works in RGB HSL or HSV mode The three histogram reports contain the following elements e minimalValue lower pixel value found in the calculated area e maximalValue higher pixel value found in the calculated area e startingValue always equal to 0 e interval width of each class e meanValue mean value of the pixel values in the calculated area National Instruments Corporation 6 73 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI Chapter 6 Image Processing Functions e stdDeviation standard deviation of the pixel values in the calculated area Values are distributed better in the histogram and the corresponding image as stdDeviation increases e area number of pixels used in the histogram calculation This is influenced by the contents of mask_image Image type IPI_PIXEL_RGB32 Mask type IPI_PIXEL_U8 Input color_image is the color image used to compute the histogram mask_image indicates the region to use for computing the histogram Only pixels in the original image that correspond to a non NULL pixel in the ma
135. ration vii IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI Contents Logic Operators Processing Filters Morphology Analysis IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI dee ee eeh See 6 7 PLA eeh 6 7 ELENG Ee e lee 6 8 IS 6 8 THE Maele Eeer Be E eee Sao SE 6 9 IPE Ree 6 10 TPE oS RER 6 11 ee ee ee 6 11 N E za B 12 oE PEET e ee ee e See eens 6 11 IPL Threshold EEE E SE E e e ol 6 12 IPI_MultiThreshold 6 13 IPI_AutoBThreshold coococncnononononuuuonononcnnnononnncncnnnnaconononocinincncanacanananono 6 14 TPE AutoM Thresholds tidad ade de EE toe 6 15 NN 6 17 TPL Herzog diese 6 18 IS BE UE AE 6 19 EE EE 6 20 IPI GetConvolutionMa trix coccococonoonononononononnnononnncnnoconocococononinnananananono 6 21 IP CoOmvolute see EA See 6 28 USB 6 30 IRE LOWPASS ee OR e 6 31 IS DK ee 6 32 EE 6 33 TRL Morphology uti nio iaa pines 6 34 IPI_GrayMorphology A 6 35 TPL Circles ot tege order deeg gie ege dde dd 6 36 P A o 6 37 IPT Daniels OO tia 6 38 TED e ido 6 38 SS EE 6 39 PL UI EE 6 40 IS We E EMS 6 40 IPI RejectBorder EE 6 41 IN We BEE 6 42 ASAS ee ee ARS 6 42 EE 6 43 UN WE EE 6 43 IS Ra EE 6 45 PI ts 018 01 6 Gaerne ee ee eae ee nee 6 46 IPD seine Profile ii ds 6 47 IPI BasicP article eege a 6 48 TPT Ko e EE 6 49 viii National Instruments Corporation Geometry Complex Contents IPE Rarteletzoehle ii e ii cece 6 51 IPI_ParticleDiscrim occccccnnnnninicininininnnnnnananananano no nono non nononononanananonnns 6 53 Se
136. rectly usable by IPI_MultiThreshold Threshold Data Image type IPI_PIXEL_U8 Input image is the image to process number_of_classes is the number of preferred phases This algorithm uses a clustering method and can take any value between 2 and 256 lookup_format indicates the data type of the lookup table using one of the following LabWindows standard values VAL_CHAR character e VAL_SHORT_INTEGER short integer e VAL_INTEGER integer e VAL_FLOAT floating point e VAL_DOUBLE double precision e VAL_UNSIGNED_SHORT_INTEGER unsigned short integer e VAL_UNSIGNED_INTEGER unsigned integer e VAL_UNSIGNED_CHAR unsigned character Output lookup_ ptr returns a pointer to a lookup table you can use calling IP1_UserLookup This array contains 256 elements encoded between 0 and the number_of_classes threshold_data returns an array containing the number_of_classes compatible with IPI_MultiThreshold The results are from 0 to n 1 where n is the number_of_classes IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI 6 16 National Instruments Corporation Chapter 6 Image Processing Functions IPI_MathLookup IPIError IPI_MathLookup IPIImageRef source_image IPIImageRef mask_image IPIImageRef dest_image IPILKOperator operator float x_value float minimum_value float maximum_value Purpose This function converts the pixel values of an image by r
137. ription table 2 4 IPI_3DView 6 55 to 6 56 IPI_Rotate 6 56 IPI_Shift 6 57 IPI_Symmetry 6 57 to 6 58 H hexagonal pixel frame 2 11 hexaProcessing field 2 11 to 2 12 image processing functions description table 2 5 IPI_AutoBThreshold 6 14 to 6 15 IPI_AutoMThreshold 6 15 to 6 16 IPI_Equalize 6 19 to 6 20 IPI_Label 6 11 to 6 12 IPI_MathLookup 6 17 to 6 18 IPI_MultiThreshold 6 13 to 6 14 National Instruments Corporation IPI_Threshold 6 12 to 6 13 IPI_UserLookup 6 18 to 6 19 image references 2 6 image types for IMAQ Vision functions table 2 2 images 2 1 to 2 3 calibration attribute 2 3 definition 2 1 factors affecting encoding 2 1 image border attribute 2 3 planes 2 1 types of images 2 1 to 2 2 Imaginary plane 2 1 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI files added to LabWindows CVI directory 2 3 function types table 2 4 to 2 5 getting started 2 15 image concepts 2 1 to 2 3 overview 2 3 to 2 5 processing options 2 9 to 2 12 samples files and directories 2 15 source destination and mask images 2 5 to 2 8 user pointers and IMAQ Vision pointers 2 12 to 2 14 IMAO CVLFP file 2 3 IMAO CVLH file 2 3 IMAO CVLLIB file 2 3 initializing IMAQ Vision internal tables 2 5 installation of IMAQ Vision files added to LabWindows CVI directory 2 3 to 2 4 procedure 1 2 IPI_3DView function 6 55 to 6 56 IPL Add function purpose and use 6 1 to 6 2 source_image and dest_image parameter example 2 8
138. rix and content matrix and content matrix and content matrix and content 0 1 2 3 010 010 111 111 121 141 121 141 010 010 111 111 4 5 121 141 242 416 4 121 141 National Instruments Corporation 6 27 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI Chapter 6 Image Processing Functions Table 6 11 Gaussian 5x5 matrix and content matrix and content matrix and content matrix and content eh LA P H rk NOH LD ROR OR NY Bo FN vr FA PA rz Table 6 12 Gaussian 7x7 matrix and content matrix and content matrix and content matrix and content 0 1122211 1224221 2248422 24816842 2248422 1224221 1122211 IPI_Convolute IPIError mask_image IPI_Convolute IPIImageRef source_image IPIImageRef IPIImageRef dest_image IPIConvoDescPtr convolution_matrix_descriptor IPIBorderMethod border_method Purpose This function filters an image using a linear filter The calculations are completed either with integers or floating point values depending on the image type The source and the destination image must be of the same type The source image must have been created with a border capable of using the size of the convolution matrix A 3x3 matrix must have a minimum border of 1 a 5x5 matrix must have a minimum border of 2 and so on The border size of the destination image is not important IMAQ Vision
139. rom the histogram calculated on the green or the saturation plane depending on the color_mode It can be a NULL pointer if you do not need this report blue_light_val_report is a structure filled with detailed statistics from a histogram calculated on the blue the lightness or the value plane depending on the color_mode It can be a NULL pointer if you do not need this report IPI_ColorThreshold IPIError IPI_ColorThreshold IPIImageRef color_source_image IPIImageRef dest_image IPIColorMode color_mode float new_value float red_hue_min_value float red_hue_max_value float green_sat_min_value float green_sat_max_value float blue_light_val_min_value float blue_light_val_max_value Purpose This function applies a threshold to the three planes of an image and places the result into an 8 bit image The function tests each range red_hue range green_sat range and blue_light_val range as defined by min_value and max_value to determine if the corresponding pixel from the color_source_image is set to the value in new_value If a pixel from the color_source_image does not have a value indicated in all three ranges the corresponding pixel is set to 0 in dest_image Image type IPI_PIXEL_RGB32 IPI_PIXEL_U8 Input color_source_image is the color image to apply a threshold to dest_image is the resulting image color_mode defines the color mode used for the operation It can take one of the following predefi
140. rray describing the ROI The ROT structure and substructure are allocated or reallocated within this function This ROI must be disposed using IPI_FreeROI too_much_points returns TRUE if there are too many points defining the contour of the ROI IPI_FreeROl void IPI_FreeROI IPIROIPtr ROI Purpose This function deallocates memory space used for a ROI structure and substructures Input ROI is the ROI previously returned by the IPI_GetWROI Or IPI_MaskTOROI functions IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI 4 18 O National Instruments Corporation Files Chapter 4 Display and File Functions The following functions control reading and writing images from and to disk files IPI_ReadFile IPIError IPI_ReadFile IPIImageRef image char file_name int load_color_table int color_table int nb_of_colors Purpose This function reads an image file The file format can be any standard format AIPD TIFF or BMP The read pixels automatically convert to the image type of the input image Image type IPI_PIXEL_U8 116 SGL COMPLEX RGB32 Input image is the image filled with pixels read from the file The image is resized automatically according to the file header information file_name is the complete path name Drive Directory File of the file to be loaded load_color_table determines if you want to load the color table present in the file If loaded this table is read and made available at the c
141. runcation_frequency is the percentage of the frequencies that are retained within a Fourier transformed image The default value is 10 This percentage works in conjunction with the length of the diagonal of the FFT image and the Boolean high_pass For example a FALSE value or low_pass and 10 results in retaining 10 of the frequencies starting from the center low frequencies A TRUE value or High_pass and 10 results in retaining 10 of the frequencies starting from the outer periphery IPI_ComplexAdd IPIError IPI_ComplexAdd IPIImageRef Complex source A image IPIImageRef complex_source_B_image IPIImageRef complex_dest_image IPIPixComplex constant Purpose This function adds two images where the first is a complex image An operation between an image and a constant occurs when the input complex_source_B_image is equal to IPI_USECONSTANT IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI 6 62 National Instruments Corporation Chapter 6 Image Processing Functions The two possibilities are distinguished in the following manner dest x y source A x y source B x y or dest x y source A x y constant The result of this operation follows e The resulting real part is the sum of the real parts of the input images and e the resulting imaginary part is the sum of the imaginary parts of the input images Image type IPI_PIXEL_COMPLEX Input complex_source_A_image is the first source image and must be a complex
142. ry point of view the order depends on the computer e On Intel processor based computers the memory byte order is called little endian The bytes inside a 32 bit word are organized in the following order blue green red alpha e On Apple or Sun computers the memory byte order is big endian alpha red green blue IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI manages this difference internally and has functions that make this aspect completely transparent to you A color image always is encoded in memory in the RGB form However there are a number of other coding models such as Hue Saturation and Lightness HSL and Hue Saturation and Value HSV To compute the values for hue saturation lightness or value a measurement is made from the red green and blue components Notice that these measurements take time depending on the values to extract These extractions are also not completely objective A color converted from a color model to another one i e RGB to HSL and then converted back to the original model does not have exactly the same value as the original image This is primarily due to the fact that the image planes are encoded on 8 bits which causes some data loss The main operations on color images are as follows e extract or replace a color image plane R G B H S L V e apply a threshold to a color image based on one of the three color models RGB HSL or HSV e perform a histogram on a color image based on one of the t
143. s 2 12 to 2 14 W windows functions See display basics functions display tools functions National Instruments Corporation 1 7 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI
144. s a single image plane encoded using 8 bits per pixel However IMAQ Vision is designed to acquire and process images encoded in 10 12 or 16 bits as well as in floating point and true color RGB The following are used to define the image type for each of the IMAQ Vision functions Table 2 1 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI Image Types Value Description IPI_PIXEL_U8 8 bits per pixel unsigned standard monochrome IPI_PIXEL_I16 16 bits per pixel signed IPI_PIXEL_SG 32 bits per pixel floating point IPI_PIXEL_COMPLEX 2 times 32 bits per pixel floating point native format after a FFT IPI_PIXEL_RGB 32 bits per pixel RGB chunky standard color IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI 2 2 O National Instruments Corporation Chapter 2 Basic Concepts An IMAQ Vision image has the following other attributes in addition to its type and size e Calibration e Image border The calibration attribute defines the physical horizontal and vertical dimensions of the pixels With the ability to calibrate two axes independently you can correct defaults resulting from the sensor this is not uncommon Only calculations based on morphological transformations surface perimeter and so on require the use of these coefficients These coefficients have no effect on either processing or operations between images An image border also exists This border physically reserves space in the image It is completely
145. s Corporation 5 5 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI Chapter 5 Tools Functions IPI_Copy IPIError IPI_Copy IPIImageRef source_image IPIImageRef dest_image Purpose This function copies the attributes and the pixels of one image into another image of the same type It is used for keeping an original copy of an image that is before processing an image Note The images to be copied must be of the same type This function copies the complete definition of the source image and its pixel data to the destination image It also modifies the border of the destination image so it will be equal to the source image Image type IPI_PIXEL_U8 116 SGL RGB32 COMPLEX Input source_image is the source image to copy dest_image is the resulting image IPI_ImageTolmage IPIError IPI_ImageToImage IPIImageRef source_image IPIImageRef dest_image int destination_top int destination_left Purpose This function copies a small image into another larger image It is useful for making thumbnail sketches from multiple miniature images Image type IPI_PIXEL_U8 116 SGL RGB32 Input source_image is the source image to copy dest_image is the resulting image destination_top and destination_left specify the dest_image pixel coordinates where the source_image is copied to IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI 5 6 National Instruments Corporation Chapter 5 Tools Functions ID GetPixel Value IPIError
146. s fully integrated with LabWindows CVI making it a powerful development environment for image processing You can use it for almost any type of scientific or industrial task from medical microscopy to quality control After you have familiarized yourself with IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI you will find it easy to write applications that automatically capture measure and control processes based on image processing System Set Up and Operation This manual presumes that you have already written C programs and are familiar with the LabWindows CVI environment Terminology in this document is consistent with C language and LabWindows CVI terminology IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI is currently available for LabWindows CVI 4 0 for the Windows 95 and Windows NT operating systems System Requirements e An IBM PC or compatible computer with an 80486 DX2 processor However National Instruments strongly recommends a Pentium processor e ASVGA display board capable of displaying 800x600 pixels in 32 768 or 16 million colors e 16 MB of Ram e A hard drive e Microsoft Windows 95 or Windows NT e LabWindows CVI version 4 0 1 National Instruments Corporation 1 1 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI Chapter 1 Introduction Installation Launch the Setup exe file from your IMAQ Vision distribution disk If your LabWindows CVI folder is not C 1CV1401 you must change the destination directory IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI 1 2 Nat
147. s function 5 14 IPI_GetPixelV alue function 5 7 IPI_GetRowCol function 5 8 IPI_GetWindow2DaAttributes function 4 6 IPI_GetWindowAttribute function 4 5 to 4 6 IPI_GetWindToolsAttribute function 4 10 IPI_GetWROI function 4 16 IPI_GrayEdge function purpose and use 6 30 source_image mask_image and dest_image parameter example 2 7 IPI_GrayMorphology function 6 35 to 6 36 IPI_Histogram function pointer example 2 13 to 2 14 purpose and use 6 43 to 6 45 IPI_ImageOffset function 5 3 to 5 4 IPI_ImageToArray function 5 12 IPI_ImageToImage function 5 6 IPI_InitSys function initializing IMAQ Vision internal tables 2 5 purpose and use 3 1 IPI_InstallWCallback function 4 12 IPI_IntegerToColor function 6 82 to 6 83 IPI_InverseFFT function 6 60 IPI_Label function 6 11 to 6 12 IPI_LineProfile function 6 47 to 6 48 IPI_LogDiff function 6 11 IPI_LowHighPass function 6 40 to 6 41 IPI_LowPass function 6 31 IPI_MagicWand function 5 17 IPI_Mask function 6 9 IPI_MaskToROI function 4 18 IPI_MathLookup function 6 17 to 6 18 IPI_Modulo function 6 5 to 6 6 IPI_Morphology function 6 34 to 6 35 IPI_MO_STD3X3 pointer 2 12B IPI_LMO_STDS5XS pointer 2 12B IPI_MO_STD7X7 pointer 2 12B IPI_MulDiv function 6 6 IPI_Multiply function 6 3 IPI_MultiThreshold function 6 13 to 6 14 IPI_LNOMASK keyword 2 6 National Instruments Corporation IPI_NthOrder function 6 32 to 6 33 IPI_Or function 6 8 IPI_Particle function 6
148. s organization is determined by the convolution matrix contents or the weight of each pixel as designated by its geographical location in relation to the central matrix pixel IMAQ Vision supplies you with a set of standard convolution kernels for each family and for the usual sizes 3x3 5x5 and 7x7 They are accessible from the IPI_GetConvolutionMatrix function You can also create your own kernels You choose the contents of these user defined kernels Their size is virtually unlimited With this capability you can create special effect filters The aim of the non linear filters is either to extract the contours edge detection or to remove isolated pixels The function IPI_GrayEdge has six different methods for contour extraction differentiation gradient Prewitt Roberts sigma Sobel Two functions IPI_NthOrder and IPI_LowPass can complete the harmonization of pixel values These functions require that a kernel size and either an order number Nt border or a percentage LowPass be indicated on input IPI_GetConvolutionMatrix IPIConvoDescPtr IPI_GetConvolutionMatrix IPIConvFamily convolution_family int matrix_size int kernel_number Purpose This function returns a pointer to a predefined convolution matrix The function IPI_Convolute needs a convolution_matrix descriptor A convolution matrix descriptor is a structure described in the IMAQ Vision header file IMAQ_CVI H as typedef struct int matrixWid
149. s two images where the first is a complex image An operation between an image and a constant occurs when the input complex_source_B_image is equal to IPI_USECONSTANT The two possibilities are distinguished in the following manner dest x y source A x y source B x y or dest x y source A x y constant The result of this operation follows e The resulting real part is the division between the real parts of the input images and e the resulting imaginary part is the division between the imaginary parts of the input images Image type IPI_PIXEL_COMPLEX Input complex_source_A_image is the first source image complex_source_B_image is the second source image National Instruments Corporation 6 65 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI Chapter 6 Image Processing Functions complex_complex_dest_image contains the resulting image complex_constant is the constant divider of the complex_source_A_image for the image constant operation IPI_ComplexImageToArray IPIError IPI_ComplexImageToArray IPIImageRef complex_image Rect rectangle IPIPixComplex complex_arrayl int array_x_size int array_y_size Purpose This function reads the pixels from a complex image into a 2D single complex array Image type IPI_PIXEL_COMPLEX Input complex_image is the image used for this operation rectangle is a Rect structure containing the coordinates and the size of the rectangle Output comp
150. s which overlap between 120 and 150 The pixels between 120 and 150 are affected only by the first threshold The following results occur after execution of this function The pixel values between 0 and 79 are replaced by 0 the pixel values between 80 and 150 are replaced by 255 the pixel values between 151 and 200 keep their original values and the pixel values greater than 200 are set to 0 IPI_AutoBThreshold IPIError IPI_AutoBThreshold IPIImageRef image IPIATMethod method int lookup_format void lookup_ptr int threshold_value Purpose The Automatic Binary Threshold applies a threshold to an image that initially possesses 256 gray levels that divides the image into two classes A statistical calculation is done to determine the optimal threshold Image type IPI_PIXEL_U8 Input image is the image to process method indicates the threshold method you want to use e IPI_AT_CLUSTER clustering method e IPI_AT_ENTROPY entropy method e IPI_A ETRIC metric method IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI 6 14 National Instruments Corporation Chapter 6 Image Processing Functions IPI_AT_MOMENT moments method IPI_AT_INTER inter variance method lookup format indicates the data type of the lookup table using one of the following LabWindows standard values VAL_CHAR c lt Character e VAL_SHORT_INTEGER sShort integer e VAL_INTEGER
151. scale images include erosion dilation closing opening and auto median IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI 2 4 National Instruments Corporation Chapter 2 Basic Concepts Table 2 2 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI Function Types Continued Function Type Description Operator Arithmetic logic and comparison functions Addition subtraction multiplication division ratio and modulo between two images or between one image and a constant Logic operators include AND NAND OR NOR XOR XNOR and LogDiff between two images or between one image and a constant Clear or Set affect as a function of a relational operator between two images or between one image and a constant Masking extraction of a minimum maximum or average can be completed between two images or between an image and a constant Processing Threshold label LUT lookup table transformation and so on Tools diverse Functions to draw shapes into an image Tools Image A set of diverse functions for the manipulation of images copy reduction expansion extraction and so on Also included is a function to get all information about the image attributes and pixel mapping Tools Pixels Function to transform the contents of an image from and to a user array Source Destination and Mask Images IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI uses internal tables for all images and private data structures
152. sk are used to compute the histogram A histogram on the complete image occurs if mask_image is equal to IPI_NOMASK number_of_classes indicates the number of classes of the histograms i e the number of elements of each histogram array color_mode defines the color mode used for the operation It can take one of the following predefined values e IPI_RGB processing in red green and blue e IPI_HSL processing in hue saturation and light e IPI_HSV processing in hue saturation and value Output red_hue_histogramreturns the red color_mode RGB or the hue color_mode HSL histogram values in an array It can be a NULL pointer if you do not need this histogram green_sat_histogram returns the green color_mode RGB or the saturation color_mode HSL histogram values in an array It can be a NULL pointer if you do not need this histogram blue_light_val_histogram returns the blue color mode RGB the lightness color mode HSL or the value color mode HSV histogram values in an array It can be a NULL pointer if you do not need this histogram red_hue_report is a structure filled with detailed statistics from the histogram calculated on the red or the hue plane depending on the color_mode It can be a NULL pointer if you do not need this report IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI 6 74 National Instruments Corporation Chapter 6 Image Processing Functions green_sat_report is a structure filled with detailed statistics f
153. t matrix and content matrix and content matrix and content Table 6 6 Laplacian 7x7 matrix and content matrix and content matrix and content matrix and content 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 48 1 1 1 1 1 1 49 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Table 6 7 Smoothing 3x3 matrix and content matrix and content matrix and content matrix and content 0 1 2 3 010 010 020 040 101 111 212 414 010 010 020 040 4 5 6 7 111 111 DDD 444 101 111 212 414 111 111 222 444 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI 6 26 O National Instruments Corporation Table 6 8 Chapter 6 Smoothing 5x5 Image Processing Functions matrix and content matrix and content matrix and content matrix and content Rh ben ben Fe Fe Rh hh Fe Ra O Fc Rh ha Rh ha 1 11111 11111 11111 11111 11111 Table 6 9 Smoothing 7x7 matrix and content matrix and content matrix and content matrix and content 0 1 1111111 1111111 1111111 1111111 1111111 1111111 1110111 1111111 1111111 1111111 1111111 1111111 1111111 1111111 Table 6 10 Gaussian 3x3 mat
154. t Similar to logarithmic but with a more gradual effect National Instruments Corporation 6 17 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI Chapter 6 Image Processing Functions e IPI_LK_POWX power X Causes variable effects depending on the value of X default X 1 5 e IPI_LK_POW1x power 1 X Causes variable effects depending on the value of X default X 1 5 x_value is a value used for the operators power X and power 1 X only minimum_value is the smallest value used for processing After processing all pixel values equal to or less than the minimum_value in the original image are set to O for an 8 bit image or to the smallest pixel value in the original image for 16 bit and 32 bit images maximum_value is the largest value used for processing After processing all pixel values equal to or less than the maximum_value in the original image are set to 255 for an 8 bit image or to the largest pixel value in the original image for 16 bit and 32 bit images IPI_UserLookup IPIError IPI_UserLookup IPIImageRef source_image IPIImageRef mask_image IPIImageRef dest_image int lookup_format void lookup_array int nb_of_lookup_elements Purpose This function remaps the pixel values in an image Image type IPI_PIXEL_U8 116 Mask image type IPI_PIXEL_U8 Input source_image is the image to process mask_image indicates the region in the image to use for computing the histogram Only pixels in the origin
155. t bits Image type IPI_PIXEL_U8 116 SGL Input source A image and source_B_image are the two input images dest_image is the resulting image It can be one of the source images constant is the value to subtract from the input source_A_image for an operation between an image and a constant The constant is rounded down if the image is encoded as an integer IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI 6 2 O National Instruments Corporation Chapter 6 Image Processing Functions IPI_Multiply IPIError IPI_Multiply IPIImageRef source A image IPIImageRef source_B_image IPIImageRef dest_image float constant Purpose This function multiplies an image by an image or an image by a constant If source_B_image is equal to IPI_USECONSTANT an operation between an image and a constant is made The two possibilities are distinguished in the following manner dest x y source A x y source B x y or dest x y source A x y constant Note To multiply a constant and an image the dest_image must of be the same image type as the source_A_image If the size of one of the two source images is NULL the result is the copy of the other If source_A_imageand source_B_image are different the dest image must match the image type of the source image encoded with the most bits Image type IPI_PIXEL_U8 116 SGL Input source_A_image and source_B_image are the two input images dest_image is the resulting image It can be o
156. tWindowAttribute 4 5 to 4 6 IPI_SetWindow2DaAttributes 4 5 IPI_SetWindowAttributes 4 4 to 4 5 IPI_WindClose 4 7 to 4 8 IPI_WindDraw 4 2 to 4 3 IPI_WSetPalette 4 3 display functions See also regions of interest functions description table 2 4 features and overview 4 1 to 4 2 LabWindows toolbox required note 4 2 display tools functions IPI_GetActiveTool 4 11 IPI_GetLastEvent 4 12 to 4 14 IPI_GetLastWEvent 4 15 IPI_GetWindToolsAttribute 4 10 IPI_InstallW Callback 4 12 IPI_RemoveWCallback 4 12 IPI_SetActiveTool 4 10 to 4 11 IPI_SetWindToolsAttribute 4 9 to 4 10 IPI_WindToolsClose 4 11 IPI_WindToolsSetup 4 8 to 4 9 documentation conventions used in manual xii organization of manual xi xii E electronic support services A 1 to A 2 e mail support A 2 error functions See management functions event tool coordinates table 4 13 to 4 14 F fax and telephone support A 2 Fax On Demand support A 2 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI 1 2 file functions description table 2 4 IPI_GetFileInfo 4 20 to 4 21 IPI_ReadFile 4 19 IPI_WriteFile 4 20 filter functions description table 2 4 IPI_Convolute 6 28 to 6 29 IPI_GetConvolutionMatrix 6 21 to 6 28 IPI_GrayEdge 6 30 IPI_LowPass 6 31 IPI_NthOrder 6 32 to 6 33 overview 6 20 to 6 21 processing image with mask_image parameter 2 7 frequency processing 6 58 to 6 59 See also complex functions FTP support A 1 G geometry functions desc
157. tant dest_image x y 0 otherwise dest_image x y source_A_image x y e Clear if if source_A_image x y source_B_image x y or a constant dest_image x y 0 otherwise dest_image x y source_A_image x y e Clear if gt if source_A image x y gt source_B_image x y or a constant dest_image x y 0 otherwise dest_image x y source_A_image x y e Clear if gt if source_A_image x y gt source_B_image x y or a constant dest_image x y 0 otherwise dest_image x y source_A_image x y constant is the value used in comparison with source_A_image for the image constant operations IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI 6 10 National Instruments Corporation Chapter 6 Image Processing Functions IPI_LogDiff IPIError IPI_LogDiff IPIImageRef source_A_image IPIImageRef source_B_image IPIImageRef dest_image int constant Purpose The function completes the following operation for each pixel x y dest x y sourceA x y AND NOT sourceB x y dest x y sourceA x y AND NOT constant if the source B image is equal to IPI_NOIMAGE If source_B_image is equal to IPI_NOIMAGE an operation between an image and a constant is made Image type IPI_PIXEL_U8 116 SGL All input images must have the same image type Input source_A_image and source_B_image are the two source images dest_image is the resulting image constant is a constant value that can replace source_B_image for the image cons
158. tant operation Processing The following functions perform image processing ID Label IPIError IPI_Label IPIImageRef source_image IPIImageRef dest_image int connectivity_8 int labelled particles Purpose This function labels the particles in an image This operation assigns a value to all pixels that compose the same group of pixels i e a particle This color level is encoded in 8 or 16 bits depending on the image type As a result 255 particles can be labelled in an 8 bit image and 65 535 particles in a 16 bit image In the case where you want to label more than 255 particles in an 8 bit image it is necessary to apply a threshold with an National Instruments Corporation 6 11 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI Chapter 6 Image Processing Functions interval of 255 255 after processing the first 254 particles The aim of this threshold is to eliminate the first 254 particles to visualize the next 254 particles Note The source and destination images must be of the same image type and their borders must be greater than or equal to 2 Image type IPI_PIXEL_U8 116 Input source_image is the image to process dest_image is the resulting image connectivity_8 indicates the connectivity used for particle detection The connectivity mode directly determines if an adjacent pixel belongs to the same particle or a different particle Possible values are e TRUE The function completes particle detection
159. termines if an adjacent pixel belongs to the same particle or to a different particle Possible values are e TRUE The function completes particle detection in connectivity mode 8 e FALSE The function completes particle detection in connectivity mode 4 National Instruments Corporation 6 49 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI Chapter 6 Image Processing Functions Output particles_report_array_ptr returns a pointer to a set of measurements on the detected particles Each report contains the following elements area surface of the particle in number of pixels surface surface of the particle in user defined units perimeter perimeter size of the particle in user defined units holeNumber number of holes in the particle holeArea total surface area of all the holes in the particle in user defined units holePerimeter total perimeter size calculated from every hole in the particle in user units includeRect bounding rectangle of the particle It is a standard rectangle that contains the coordinates of a bounding rectangle for the particle sigmax sum of X axis for each pixel of the particle sigmaY sum of Y axis for each pixel of the particle sigmaxx sum of X axis squared for each pixel of the particle sigmaYY sum of Y axis squared for each pixel of the particle sigmaXY sum of the X axis and Y axis for each pixel of the particle segmentMax longest segment of the particle segmentMaxPt left most pi
160. ters Several IMAQ Vision functions return data data structure and data array For most of these functions a parameter you provide determines the returned data size Two examples are the buffers used in the functions IPI_GetLine and IPI_Histogram IPI_GetLine IPI_GetLine IPIImageRef image Point start Point end int array_format void array int nb_of_elements IPI_GetLine returns all the pixels located under the vector given by the start point and the end point into a user buffer in the desired format The array is the address of memory buffer allocated by you You must allocate a buffer big enough to receive all the pixel values In this case you can use one of the following three approaches to compute and allocate the necessary buffer space e Extract the maximum range in the start and the end points using max abs start x end x abs start y end y 1 This approach works if you are sure that the points are both in the image space coordinates If the point coordinates are virtual you must allocate an infinite buffer IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI 2 12 O National Instruments Corporation Chapter 2 Basic Concepts e Obtain the x and y resolution of the image using IPI_GetImageInfo Next you have to extract the maximum between the horizontal and the vertical sizes and allocate your buffer using this value The real number of pixels copied from the image into your array is returned by the function in the nb_of_e
161. th int matrixHeight float matrixElements float divider IPIConvoDesc IPIConvoDescPtr The first two elements of this structure are used within the IP1_Convolute function to learn the structure of the data array given by matrixElements O National Instruments Corporation 6 21 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI Chapter 6 Image Processing Functions The divider is a normalization factor that is applied to the sum of the obtained products Under normal conditions the divider is the sum of all the matrix elements values You can construct your own convolution matrix descriptor but in most cases you can use IPI_GetConvolutionMatrix to obtain directly one of the predefined convolution matrix descriptors Note A matrix is a 2D array which contains the convolution to be applied to the image The size of the convolution is fixed by the size of this array A convolution matrix must have odd sized dimensions to contain a central pixel The function does not take into account the boundary if one of the matrix dimensions is even For example if the input matrix is 6x4 X 6 and Y 4 the actual convolution is 5x3 Both the 6th line and the 4th row are ignored The processing speed is correlated with the size of the matrix A 3x3 convolution processes nine pixels while a 5x5 convolution processes 25 pixels Input convolution_family determines the basic family of the convolution matrix It can be one of the follow
162. the longest segment of the particle PP_Perimeter perimeter size of a particle in user defined units PP_HolePerimeter total perimeter size calculated from every hole in a le in user defined units PP_SigmaX sum of X axis for each pixel of the particle PP_SigmaY sum of Y axis for each pixel of the particle PP_SigmaXX sum of X axis squared for each pixel of the particle PP_SigmaYY sum of Y axis squared for each pixel of the particle PP_SigmaXY sum of the X axis and Y axis for each pixel of the particle PP_Projectionx half the sum of the horizontal segments in a particle that t overlap another adjacent horizontal segment PP_ProjectionY half the sum of the vertical segments in a particle that do not overlap another adjacent vertical segment IPI_ IPI_ IPI_ IPI_ IPI_ TPT IPI_ IPI_ IPI_ IPI_ partic TPT PP_IXX coefficients of the X axis squared inertia matrix PP_IYY coefficients of the Y axis squared inertia matrix PP_IXY coefficients of the X Y axis inertia matrix PP_MeanChordx mean length of horizontal segments PP_MeanChordy mean length of vertical segments PP_MaxIntercept longest segment of the particle PP_MeanIntercept mean length segment of the particle PP_Orientation orientation of the longest segment of the particle PP_EquEllipseMinor minor axis of the equivalent ellipse PP_EllipseMajor major axis of the equivalent ellipse equivalent to the le surface PP_Ellipse
163. this case the ROI requires an offset which is automatically determined from the upper left corner of the bounding rectangle described by the ROI The bounding rectangle information is a part of the ROI structure Image type IPI_PIXEL_U8 Input image is the destination image where the mask is created size_model_image serves as a template for the destination image where the mask is placed image takes the characteristics of size_model_image size and location of ROT when size_model_image is given However the size_model_image is optional This can be of any image type used by IMAQ Vision National Instruments Corporation 4 17 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI Chapter 4 Display and File Functions ROT is the address of an array describing the ROI filling_value is the pixel value of the mask All pixels inside the ROI take this value IDI MaskToROI IPIError IPI_MaskToROI IPIImageRef image int external_edges_only int max_number_of_points IPIROIPtr ROI int too_much_points Purpose This function transforms an image mask into a ROI Image type IPI_PIXEL_U8 Input image is the image containing the image mask that is transformed into a ROI external_edges_only indicates if only the external edges are transformed max_number_of_points is the maximum size of the definition of a ROI This arbitrary value provides a way to limit memory usage within this function Output ROI returns the address of the a
164. ths directories programs subprograms subroutines device names variables filenames and extensions and for statements and comments taken from program code Angle brackets enclose the name of a key on the keyboard for example lt PageDown gt A hyphen between two or more key names enclosed in angle brackets denotes that you must simultaneously press the named keys for example lt Control Alt Delete gt Key names are capitalized Paths in this manual are denoted using backslashes to separate drive names directories and files as in C dirlname dir2name filename This icon to the left of bold italicized text denotes a note which alerts you to important information IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI xii National Instruments Corporation About This Manual Customer Communication National Instruments wants to receive your comments on our products and manuals We are interested in the applications you develop with our products and we want to help if you have problems with them To make it easy for you to contact us this manual contains comment and configuration forms for you to complete These forms are in the Appendix Customer Communication at the end of this manual National Instruments Corporation xiii IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI Chapter Introduction Welcome to IMAQ Vision the image processing and analysis library for LabWindows CVI from National Instruments IMAQ Vision i
165. tion plane selects the plane to extract e O real e 1 imaginary e 2 magnitude e 3 phase rectangle is a Rect structure containing the coordinates and the size of the rectangle Output float_array is the pointer of an array allocated by you It must be big enough to contain all the copied elements array_x_size returns the horizontal number of copied elements in the array array_y_size returns the vertical number of copied elements in the array National Instruments Corporation 6 67 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI Chapter 6 Image Processing Functions IPI_ArrayToComplexPlane IPIError IPI_ArrayToComplexPlane IPIImageRef complex_image int plane float float_array int array_x_size int array_y_size Purpose Starting from a 2D array of floating point values this function replaces the real or imaginary plane of a complex image Image type IPI_PIXEL_COMPLEX Input complex_image is the image used for this operation plane selects the plane to extract e O real e Zimaginary float_array defines the pointer of the pixel array containing the new pixel values which are copied into the image plane array_x_size is the horizontal number of elements in the array array_y_size is the vertical number of elements in the array IPI_ExtractComplexPlane IPIError IPI_ExtractComplexPlane IPIImageRef complex_source_image IPIImageRef dest_image int plane Purpose
166. tion extracts the contours edge detection in gray level values The source and the destination images must be of the same type The source image must be created with a border of at least 1 The border size of the destination image is not important Image type IPI_PIXEL_U8 116 SGL Mask image type IPI_PIXEL_U8 Input source_image is the image on which the edge detection is made mask_image is the image that contains the mask applied to the source image It indicates the region of the image where the convolution is applied Only pixels in the original image that correspond to a non NULL pixel in the mask are used An edge detection on the complete image occurs if this input is equal to IP I_NOMASK dest_image is the resulting image method indicates the type of edge detection filter to use T IPI_EDG_DIFFER differentiation Processing with a 2x2 matrix e IPI_EDG_GRADIENT processing with a 2x2 matrix IPI_EDG_PREWITT processing with a 3x3 matrix e IPI_EDG_ROBERTS processing with a 2x2 matrix IPI_EDG_SIGNMA processing with a 3x3 matrix e IPI_EDG_SOBEL processing with a 3x3 matrix thresholdis the minimum pixel value to appear in the resulting image It is rare to use a value greater than O for this type of processing because the results of the process are usually very dark and possess a low dynamic range IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI 6 30 O National Instruments
167. to our Internet host ftp natinst com as anonymous and use your Internet address such as joesmith anywhere com as your password The support files and documents are located in the support directories National Instruments Corporation A 1 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI Fax On Demand Support Fax on Demand is a 24 hour information retrieval system containing a library of documents on a wide range of technical information You can access Fax on Demand from a touch tone telephone at 512 418 1111 E Mail Support currently U S only You can submit technical support questions to the applications engineering team through e mail at the Internet address listed below Remember to include your name address and phone number so we can contact you with solutions and suggestions support natinst com Telephone and Fax Support National Instruments has branch offices all over the world Use the list below to find the technical support number for your country If there is no National Instruments office in your country contact the source from which you purchased your software to obtain support D Telephone EL Fax Australia 02 9874 4100 02 9874 4455 Austria 0662 45 79 90 0 0662 45 79 90 19 Belgium 02 757 00 20 02 757 03 11 Canada Ontario 905 785 0085 905 785 0086 Canada Quebec 514 694 8521 514 694 4399 Denmark 45 76 26 00 45 76 26 02 Finland 09 527 2321 09 502 2930 France 01 48 14 24 24 01 48 14 24 14 Germany 089 741 31 30 089 714 60 35
168. ts e mean mean gray value in the particle e stdDeviation standard deviation of the pixel values Pixel values are better distributed as the standard deviation increases e minValue lowest gray value in the particle e maxValue highest gray value in the particle e surface analyzed surface in user defined units e area analyzed surface in pixels e percent percentage of the analyzed surface in relation to the complete image region_report_array_ptr is a pointer to a structure that contains the quantification data relative to all the regions within an image This structure is allocated or reallocated within this function You must deallocate it using free nb_of_region_reports is the number of elements in the region_report_array_ptr IPI_Centroid IPIError IPI_Centroid IPIImageRef image IPIImageRef mask_image float x_centroid float y_centroid Purpose This function computes the centroid the center of the pixel energy in an image Image type IPI_PIXEL_U8 116 SGL Mask image type IPI_PIXEL_U8 Input image is the image used to compute the centroid coordinates mask_image indicates the region in the image to use for computing the centroid Only pixels in the original image that correspond to a non NULL pixel in the mask are used to compute the centroid A computation on the complete image occurs if this parameter is equal to IPT_NOMASK IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI 6 46 Nation
169. ttribute IPIError IPI_GetWindToolsAttribute int window_attribute void attribute_value Purpose This function reads all the tool attributes Input window_attribute indicates one of the following predefined attributes visible gt ATTR_VISIBLE e ATTR_LEFT left s ATTR_TOP top title bar visible s ATTR_TITLEBAR_VISIBLE e ATTR_TITLE title close item visible e ATTR_CLOSE_ITEM_VISIBLE e ATTR_FLOATING floating window movable e ATTR_MOVABLE Output attribute_value contains the current value of the selected attribute IPI_SetActiveToo IPIError IPI_SetActiveTool IPITool tool Purpose This function selects the current active tool on the image window If the WindTools palette is visible the selected tool becomes the active icon in the WindTools palette Note Only one of the tools passed in the tool_list parameter when calling IPI_WindToolsSetup can be chosen IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI 4 10 National Instruments Corporation Chapter 4 Display and File Functions Input tool must be one of the following values e IPI_WT_NOSELECTION no tool selected You are unable to draw any ROI in the image e IPI_WT_POINT point click regions tool You can select a pixel in the image e IPI_WT_LINE line regions tool You can draw a line in the image e IPI_WT_RECTANGLE in the image
170. ty 4 Connectivity 8 Particles Figure 2 2 Example of Connectivity Processing National Instruments Corporation 2 9 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI Chapter 2 Basic Concepts Structuring Element Descriptor A structuring element descriptor is a specific IMAQ Vision structure defined as see IMAQ_CVI H typedef struct int strucElemWidth int strucElemHeight int strucElements int hexaProcessing IPIMorphoDesc IPIMorphoDescPtr It is used specifically for morphological transformations The first two fields strucElemWidth and strucElemHeight set the geometry and the size of the structuring element itself The third field strucElements is a pointer to the structuring element values The values contained in this structuring element are either O or 1 These values dictate which pixels are to be taken into account during process The use of structuring elements requires that the image contains a border The application of a 3x3 structuring element requires a minimal border size of 1 In the same way structuring elements of 5x5 and 7x7 require a minimal border size of 2 and 3 respectively Bigger structuring elements require corresponding increases in the image border size 3x3 Figure 2 3 Structuring Element The coordinates of the central pixel the pixel being processed are determined as a function of the structuring element In this example the coordinates of the processed pixels are 1 1 2 2
171. unction reads a ROI associated with an image window Input window_number 0 15 indicates the image window to use It is a number from O to 15 Output ROI returns the address of an array describing the ROI The ROI structure and substructure are allocated or reallocated within this function This ROI must be deleted using IPI_FreeROI IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI 4 16 National Instruments Corporation Chapter 4 Display and File Functions ID ClearWROI IPIError IPI_ClearWROI int window_number Purpose This function erases the current ROI from an image window Note It is also possible to erase a region of interest in an image window by pressing the backspace key when the current image window is active Input window_number 0 15 indicates the image window to use It is a number from O to 15 IPI_ROIToMask IPIError IPI_ROIToMask IPIImageRef image IPIImageRef size_model_image IPIROIPtr ROI int filling_value Purpose This function transforms a ROI into a mask Note There are two ways to use this function The simplest technique is to define the size_model_image In this case you can use the source image where the image ROI was drawn as a template for the final destination image As aresult the output image automatically acquires the size of the image and location of the region of interest as found in the original source image However you do not have to specify a size_model_image In
172. uration and value src_red_hue is the red or hue source value of the pixel National Instruments Corporation 6 81 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI Chapter 6 Image Processing Functions src_grn_sat is the green or sat source value of the pixel src_blu_light_val is the blue or light or val source value of the pixel dst_color_mode defines the destination color mode used for the operation It can be one of the following predefined values e IPI_RGB processing in red green and blue e IPI_HSL processing in hue saturation and light e IPI_HSV processing in hue saturation and value Output dst_red_hue points to the value of the red or hue of the color pixel dst_grn_sat points to the value of the green or sat of the color pixel dst_blu_light_val points to the value of the blue light or val of the color pixel IPI_IntegerToColor IPIError IPI_IntegerToColor int source_integer_arrayl int nb_of_ elements IPIColorMode dst_color_mode int dests_array_format void dst_red_hue_array void dst_grn_sat_array void dst_blu_light_val_array Purpose This function converts an array of integers into a color array Input source_integer_array is the array of integers nb_of_elements indicates the number of pixels of the color array dst_color_mode defines the source color mode used for the operation It can take any one of the following predefined values e IPI_RGB processing in red green and blu
173. urceB x y dest x y sourceA x y AND constant if source_B_image is equal to IPI_NOIMAGE Image type IPI_PIXEL_U8 116 SGL All input images must have the same image type Input source_A_image and source_B_image are the two source images dest_image is the resulting image And_or_Nand is set to TRUE if you want the logic operator NAND to occur instead of AND constant is the binary constant used for an operation between an image and a constant National Instruments Corporation 6 7 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI Chapter 6 IPI_Or Image Processing Functions IPIError IPI_Or IPIImageRef source A image IPIImageRef source_B_image IPIImageRef dest_image int Or_or_Nor int constant Purpose This function computes the union between two images If source_B_image is equal to IPI_NOIMAGE an operation occurs between an image and a constant The function completes the following operation for each pixel x y dest x y sourceA x y OR sourceB x y dest x y sourceA x y OR constant if source_B_image is equal to IPI_NOIMAGE Image type IPI_PIXEL_U8 116 SGL All input images must have the same image type Input source_A_image and source_B_image are the two input images dest_image is the resulting image Or_or_Nor is set to TRUE if you want the logic operator NOR to occur instead of OR constant is the binary constant used for an operation between an image and a constant IPI_Xor
174. vel is the pixel value used for drawing This value is not used in the modes IPI_INVERT_FRAME or IPI_INVERT_PAINT IP _ DrawRect IPIError IPI_DrawRect IPIImageRef source_image IPIImageRef dest_image Rect gray_level Purpose This function draws a Image type IPI_PIXI Input source_image is the rectangle IPIDrawMode draw_mode float rectangle in an image EL U8 116 SGL source image where the rectangle is drawn dest_image is the resulting image rectangle is a Rect to draw structure containing the coordinates and the size of the rectangle draw_mode defines how to draw the object It can take the following values e IPI DRAN ERAN E frame Draws the contour using the gray_level value e IPI_DRAW_PAINT paint Fills the shape using the gray_level value IPI_INVERT_FRAME invert frame Uses the inverse of the pixel values when drawing the contour e IPI_INVERT_PA drawing the whol INT invert paint Uses the inverse of the pixel values when e shape gray_level is the pixel value used for drawing This value is not used in the modes IPI_INVERT_FRAME National Instruments Corporation or IPI_INVERT_PAINT 5 15 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI Chapter 5 Tools Functions IPI_DrawOval IPIError IPI_DrawOval IPIImageRef source_image IPIImageRef dest_image Rect rectangle IPIDrawMode draw_mode float gray_level Purp
175. xel in the segmentMax of the particle project ionx half the sum of the horizontal segments in a particle which do not overlap another adjacent horizontal segment project iony half the sum of the vertical segments in a particle which do not overlap another adjacent vertical segment ie Note This structure is allocated or reallocated within this function You must deallocate it using free nb_of_detected_particles returns the number of particles detected in the image This value indicates the number of reports allocated in the buffer returned by particles_report_array_ptr IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI 6 50 National Instruments Corporation Chapter 6 Image Processing Functions IP _ ParticleCoeffs IPIError IPI_ParticleCoeffs IPIImageRef image int parameters_array int nb_of_parameters IPIFullPReport particles_report_array int nb_of_particle_reports float particles_coefficients_array Purpose Using reports coming from the IPI_Particle this function computes and returns a set of measurements Image type IPI_PIXEL_U8 Input Image is the image previously used in IPI_Particle This function needs this image to get the calibration values parameter_array is an array containing the parameter list you want to extract This parameter list has to contain elements taken from the following predefined values IPI_PP_Area surface of a particle in number of pixels e IPI_PP_AreaCalibrated
176. xel value due to the translation IPI_Symmetry IPIError IPI_Symmetry IPIImageRef source_image IPIImageRef dest_image IPISymOperator symmetry_type Purpose This function transforms an image around an axis or point of symmetry Image type IPI_PIXEL_U8 116 SGL RGB32 Input source_image is the source image dest_image is the resulting image symmet ry_type indicates the symmetry to use IPI_SY_HOR default horizontal Based on the horizontal axis of the image e IPI_SY_VER vertical Based on the vertical axis of the image IPI_SY_CEN central Based on the center of the image O National Instruments Corporation 6 57 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI Chapter 6 Image Processing Functions e IPI_SY_DG1 lst diagonal Based on the first diagonal of the image The image must be square e IPI_SY_DG2 2nd diagonal Based on the second diagonal of the image The image must be square Complex Frequency processing is another way to extract information from an image Instead of using the location and direction of light intensity variations you can manipulate the frequency of occurrence in the spatial domain This new component is called the spatial frequency and 1s the frequency with which the light intensity in an image varies as a function of its spatial coordinates Spatial frequencies of an image are computed with the Fast Fourier Transform FFT The FFT results in a complex image wher
177. xplains the basic ideas underlying image processing with IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI Chapter 3 Management Functions describes the IMAQ Vision management functions Chapter 4 Display and File Functions describes the IMAQ Vision display and file functions Chapter 5 Tools Functions describes the IMAQ Vision tools functions Chapter 6 Image Processing Functions describes the IMAQ Vision image processing functions xi IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI About This Manual e Appendix Customer Communication contains forms you can use to request help from National Instruments or to comment on our products and manuals e The Index contains an alphabetical list of key terms and topics in this manual including the page where you can find each one Conventions Used in This Manual The following conventions are used in this manual bold italic bold italic monospace lt gt lt Control gt paths Uz Bold text denotes a parameter menu name palette name menu item return value function panel item or dialog box button or option Italic text denotes mathematical variables emphasis a cross reference or an introduction to a key concept Bold italic text denotes a note Text in this font denotes text or characters that you literally enter from the keyboard Sections of code programming examples and syntax examples also appear in this font This font also is used for the proper names of disk drives pa
178. zation of an image This function redistributes the pixel values of an image to create a linear accumulated histogram It is necessary to execute IPI_Histogramprior to this function to supply histogram_report as input for IPI_Equalize The precision of the function depends on the histogram precision which in turn depends on the number of classes used in the histogram Image type IPI_PIXEL_U8 116 SGL Mask image type IPI_PIXEL_U8 National Instruments Corporation 6 19 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows CVI Chapter 6 Image Processing Functions Input source_image is the image to process mask_image indicates the region in the image to use for computing the histogram Only pixels in the original image that correspond to a non NULL pixel in the mask is replaced All pixels not corresponding to this criteria keep their original value The complete image is modified if this input is equal to IPI_NOMASK dest_image is the resulting image histogram contains the histogram values in an array The elements found in this array are the number of pixels per class The n classes contain all pixel values belonging to the interval starting value n 1 interval width starting value n interval width 1 number_of_classes is the number of preferred phases This algorithm uses a clustering method and can take any value between 2 and 256 histogram_report is the histogram of the source image and is supplied as an output of t

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