Series 2
Contents
1. Digitale O vee uwo A a ee Bypass Pag Bypass N i Pee Level Poe Pre Post Enter ees O Gyn CEDAR pe ciicker DC 1 eK 4 O Phones Input Level Output Attenuation SS Benes Firstly De Click your material Digital O feed E pos Bypass Page Bypas S E Level poup Pre Post Enter O CEDAR be crackler CR 1 Contrast A SERIES 2 O Phones and reduce distortion if appropriate O O Phones Input Level 4 8 2 10 o 12 Output Attenuation Bypass Page 6 Pre Post Enter CEDAR Azimuth Corrector AZ 1 SERIES 2 Then apply Azimuth Correction to material with phase and balance problems O O O x Input Level 4 8 2 10 o 12 Output Attenuation 6 Pre Post Enter CEDAR be Hisser DH 1 TN SERIES 2 Finally apply noise reduction AZ 1 Rev 02 Ver 1 15 November 30 2005 Page 13 LOCATION AND FUNCTION OF FRONT PANEL INDICATORS AND CONTROLS Refer to the Front Panel diagram 1 2 Power Switch Input Signal Meters Left and Right Digital signal meters display the peak value of the selected input in dBO2. When the AZ 1 is switched to receive digital audio data the DIGITAL LED will be lit and the front panel LEDs will indicate the sample rate of the digital signal presented to the inputs neither 44 1 nor 48 kHz LED lit 44 1 kHz LED lit 48 kHz LED lit 32 kHz signal presented to inputs 44 1 kHz signal presented to inputs 48 kHz signal presented to inputs CLOCK DETECTION If the AZ 1 fails to detect a digital signal within the following limits the 44 1kHz and 48kHz LEDs will flash continually This will be irrespective of any other system settings Acceptable ranges 44 1kHz 4 48kHz 4 32kHz 4 SAMPLE RATE OF A TO D CONVERTERS When the AZ 1 is switched to receive analogue audio data the DIGITAL LED will not be lit and the front panel LEDs will indicate the sample rate of the analogue to digital converters The ADCs in the AZ 1 do not offer a 32kHz option unless synchronised to an external 32kHz source AZ 1 Rev 02 Ver 1 15 Page 28 November 30 2005 C A TO D FREQUENCY INPUT SOURCE ANALOGUE The ADC frequency may be selected by two fundamentally different methods The first is to select one of the internal clock frequencies available the second is to control the sample rate by using an external clock INTERNAL CLOCK FREQUENCIES To toggle between the AZ 1s internal 44 1kHz and 48kHz sampling frequencies and between AES Sync and SP DIF Sync see below press the Function Key marked C on th
3. 14 18 ENTER 39 equalisers 4 Error 33 error detection 27 ERROR LEVEL 30 Error Level 32 Error Levels 20 external clock 29 Function Keys 14 15 18 Function Keys 20 GAIN 23 Grounding 6 group delay 22 Headphone 14 Heat 5 HISS 1 12 HISS 2 12 humidity 7 1 0 27 1 0 18 I O Control Page 20 imaging 4 input 8 14 27 28 Input Level 18 19 Input Level 15 Input Source 17 J17 33 LCD Screen 14 limiter 19 LISSAJOUS FIGURE 25 LOCAL OFF 39 LOCAL ON 39 Lock 30 LOCK OUT 18 LTC 10 magnetic fields 7 MANUAL 16 22 35 Memory 41 METERS 40 MIDI 10 17 31 MIDI 3 39 MIDI CHANNEL 31 MIDI DUMP 39 MIDI DUMP 18 MONO 25 Mono 24 Mono 24 mono compatibility 4 mono difference 35 output 8 9 14 19 Output Attenuation 18 output format 27 Output Mode 17 24 Output Mode 21 Over 14 Page 14 18 peak 14 Phase 17 Phase 21 23 25 phase meter 35 phase shift 23 Phase EX 12 phono 27 polarity 8 POST 25 POST 22 Power connectors 6 power supply 5 PRE 22 25 35 Pre Post 14 17 18 PRE POST 16 35 Real Time 4 Receiver Error Level 17 remote control 31 Remote Control Page 20 resolution 9 reverb 4 reverberation 35 RMS 14 RS232 31 RS232 3 10 37 RS232 Protocol 31 Running 33 Sample Rate 33 sample rate 28 sampling frequency 27 self test 40 servicing 6 SMPTE EBU 31 SMPTE EBU 3 10 31 SP DIF
4. A A 27 Remote CONTI OL sa etc a OE ata bn ada ada don bae de del Ail eh de eh tal ick e ea An ad Rt Rah a 31 STATUS PAGE uta ato e a a Se ie ds a Sa cl et te e ea et e di cle ci Ben dle es 32 STATUS INDICATORS oca dais 32 TUTORIAL ii aaa 35 REMOTE CONTROL PROTOCOLS dnncicicccicicnononononononnnononononononnnnnonnno a 37 SELF TESIT MODE sii c ds 40 AZ 1 Rev 02 Ver 1 15 Page 2 November 30 2005 INTRODUCTION Thank you for purchasing the CEDAR AZ 1 Azimuth Corrector This is the world s most advanced dedicated phase time correction device and offers processing power and performance that could only previously be obtained using digital signal processors DSPs installed in desk top or larger computer systems such as the CEDAR Production System The Azimuth Corrector is designed for professional use although it will work perfectly well in a domestic environment and its features include the following Real Time Correction accurate to 1 20 sample Real Time Detection accurate to 1 4 sample Real Time Auto Correction The latest SERIES 2 CEDAR hardware Digital Audio interfaces conforming to the AES EBU and SP DIF standards 24 bit input and output resolution when using AES EBU interfaces Three sample rates supported on digital inputs 32kHz 44 1kHz and 48kHz Two sample rates supported on analogue inputs 44 1kHz and 48kHz Balanced analogue inputs and outputs for connection to professional analogue equipment
5. ADC and DAC converters using the latest 64x over sampling A gt Delta Sigma technology e gt 103dB dynamic range A D and gt 93dB dynamic range D A e Mountable in a 19 EIA rack Remote control via MIDI and RS232 interfaces SMPTE EBU timecode capabilities via optional upgrade e Input and output LED bar graph VU meters Twin 40 bit floating point DSP processors delivering 50MFlops to handle the most complex audio processing requirements High levels of artificial intelligence designed into the AZ 1 program algorithms making it extremely simple to use AZ 1 Rev 02 Ver 1 15 Page 3 November 30 2005 THE BACKGROUND TO AZIMUTH CORRECTION Phase problems and time delays between the left and right channels of a stereo signal account for many of the problems suffered by the audio and video industries Typical consequences of these errors include poor mono compatibility poor stereo imaging loss of high frequencies and muddy bass response Audio technicians often employ a range of processors to hide these deficiencies equalisers stereo enhancers dynamics processors and reverb units However none of these attack the heart of the problem the small but significant non synchronisation of the left and right channels On the basis that if you remove the cause of the problem the symptoms also disappear the CEDAR AZ 1 offers timing correction accurate to 1 20th of a sample enabling you to recover high frequencies and resto
6. a few seconds between switching the unit off and switching it on again AZ 1 Rev 02 Ver 1 15 Page 17 November 30 2005 OPERATING THE CEDAR AZ 1 1 DEDICATED CONTROLS The AZ 1 features a number of dedicated controls to speed operation These are Dedicated Function Keys Bypass Page Pre Post Enter l O Level Controls Input Level Output Attenuation These are now explained in turn Bypass You may wish to bypass completely the operation of the AZ 1 Press BYPASS to do this The current status will be indicated on the Status LED The Bypass does not hard wire the input to the output Analogue signals still pass through the AtoD and DtoA stages Notes There is a delay of approximately 1 3mS in any analogue to analogue signal passed through the AZ 1 in Bypass mode e There is a delay of approximately 0 1mS in any digital to digital signal passed through the AZ 1 in Bypass mode e All delays are group delays i e are constant at all frequencies and are measured at a sample rate of 44 1kHz Page Use this Function Key to move between Pages Pre Post It will often be useful to compare the original signal with the post processing output of the AZ 1 The current status will be indicated on the Status LEDs When set to PRE the Pre Post control bypasses the PHASE CORRECTOR and CHANNEL GAINS see page 19 Enter The ENTER Key has three functions as a LOCK OUT key preventing accidental changing of
7. bolts as doing so may cause damage to the AZ 1 AZ 1 Rev 02 Ver 1 15 Page 7 November 30 2005 CONNECTIONS The AZ 1 may be connected to most of the professional audio equipment currently available Three types of audio input and output are provided one analogue and two digital and these will satisfy most users interconnection requirements Full descriptions of these connectors will be found later in the manual 1 BEFORE CONNECTION To prevent problems and possible equipment damage turn off the power to all equipment before making connections Be sure to insert plugs firmly into sockets Loose connections may cause hum and noise e When unplugging any lead do so by grasping the plug not the lead 2 POWER CONNECTIONS Ensure that the AZ 1 is switched OFF before inserting the mains lead NOTE Users with 2 pin mains supplies When the AZ 1 is connected to other audio components the AC hum of the unit may be increased or decreased by reversing the direction of the power connector in the socket Check that the cord is in the favourable position in phase with respect to other audio devices in the chain This will ensure that the best sound quality is obtained from your AZ 1 For further information on grounding and polarity consult a person familiar with studio grounding techniques 3 SIGNAL LEAD CONNECTIONS Refer to the Rear Panel diagram The AZ 1 offers three audio connection standards one analogue and two dig
8. results on most material Note De Clicking De Scratching should ALWAYS be carried out first This is because i Large clicks make it difficult for the De Crackling process to identify and remove the tiny clicks and crackles that constitute surface noise buzz and other such problems ii All clicks and scratches are in effect tightly defined packets of white noise If clicks are presented to any of the CEDAR De Hiss products HISS 1 HISS 2 DH 1 De Hiss they confuse the processes and create unmusical side effects In addition De Hissing at this stage will make it almost impossible to identify and remove clicks and scratches at a later time De Crackling should be the next process because even small crackles can cause the same problems as in ii above Azimuth Correction can be carried out either before or after De Hissing but experience shows that best results are obtained using the AZ 1 or Phase EX module before De Hiss Finally apply whichever De Hiss process you wish to use If you have the full range of CEDAR restoration modules they should be connected as shown in the diagram overleaf Please note that to maintain the maximum fidelity and remove and possible sources of degradation between processes connections between modules should be by AES EBU 24 bit format AZ 1 Rev 02 Ver 1 15 Page 12 November 30 2005
9. systems DASH recorders and high quality ADCs amp DACs Both channels of audio are carried along a single cable so you may connect the AES EBU output from your source to the AES EBU input of the AZ 1 using a single cable terminated with XLR plugs The AES EBU output of the AZ 1 may be connected to the AES EBU input of your digital mixer recording device or external DAC 24 bit Digital data resolution The AZ 1 features 24 bit input and output resolution whenever the AES EBU digital input and output are utilised Dithering The AZ 1 also features TPDF Triangular Probability Density Function dithering This is applied to all data at the 16 bit level unless AES EBU input is selected In this case the data is presented to the digital outputs undithered but dithering is still applied to the data presented to the DACs In order to fully comply with EMC regulations this unit should be connected via its AES EBU and or analogue connectors Metal shelled XLR connectors should be used We recommend using a good quality starquad cable with AZ 1 Rev 02 Ver 1 15 Page 9 November 30 2005 three cores connected to pins 1 2 amp 3 The shield of the cable should be connected at both ends to the outer shell of the connector 4 OTHER CONNECTIONS i SMPTE EBU An optional SMPTE EBU interface offering LTC and VITC protocols is available for the AZ 1 The standard AZ 1 does not support timecode and these connectors are not pres
10. the digital output format Remember that all outputs are permanently active and that they do not require selecting but that the same digital data is supplied to both AES EBU and SP DIF outputs The data format will therefore only be appropriate for one digital output at any given time There are three options in the I O Control Page A DIGITAL OUTPUT This option defaults to AES EBU To toggle between the two output modes AES EBU and SP DIF press the Function Key marked A on the LCD screen AES EBU FORMAT When AES EBU is selected both the phono and XLR connectors will carry AES EBU specification audio data You should patch the output from the XLR connectors to your recording device The AZ 1 features 24 bit input and output resolution when AES EBU is selected SP DIF FORMAT When SP DIF is selected both the phono and XLR connectors will carry SP DIF specification audio data You should patch the output from the phono connectors to your recording device TPDF dithering will be applied to the digital data at the 16 bit level AZ 1 Rev 02 Ver 1 15 Page 27 November 30 2005 B INPUT SOURCE There are three input sources AES EBU SP DIF and ANALOGUE To toggle between the input sources press the Function Key marked B on the LCD screen The Status LEDs will indicate the inputs selected and the sample rate received digital or selected for conversion analogue SAMPLE RATE OF INCOMING DIGITAL SIGNAL
11. will not be engaged 50 15 The Emphasis bit is set to 50 15 S The DAC de emphasis will be engaged J17 AES EBU only The Emphasis bit is set to CCITT J17 The DAC de emphasis will not be engaged Unknown AES EBU only The Emphasis status is not indicated The DAC emphasis status will not be altered If no digital data error is detected the measured sample rate presented to the digital inputs will be displayed to the nearest 100Hz The RS232 or MIDI has received a command packet containing an illegal checkbyte byte2 Page 33 Illegal Command Type The RS232 or MIDI has received a command packet containing an illegal command type byte4 AZ 1 Rev 02 Ver 1 15 Page 34 November 30 2005 TUTORIAL Assuming that everything is connected correctly you will be able to leave the AZ 1 permanently in your audio signal path without risking any damage or degradation to the signal If MANUAL mode is selected and TIME is set to 0 00 or if the unit is in PRE or BYPASS modes the AZ 1 will act purely as a sophisticated phase meter If you then leave the AZ 1 in its Control or Display Pages it will soon be apparent if you have Azimuth errors in any material passed through it If you detect azimuth errors and decide that they require correction the following methodology may be of assistance 1 Ensure that the AZ 1 is in POST and that BYPASS is OFF 2 The best results will be obtained if the audio is left right ba
12. 27 SP DIF 3 8 9 27 29 30 SP DIF Sync 29 Spinwheel 14 Status Indicators 14 Status Page 20 STATUS PAGE 32 Stereo 24 STEREO 25 stereo enhancers 4 SYNCHRONISATION 29 Time 17 22 TIME 22 35 Time Control 21 Timecode 31 39 timecode 3 10 Timed Out 33 TPDF 9 27 Trans 30 Unknown 33 Valid 30 Ventilation 5 VITC 10 VU meters 3 Warmstart 17 39 XLR 9 27 XY Display Page 20 Page 42 CEDAR AZ 1 Designed and Manufactured by CEDAR Audio Ltd 5 Glisson Road Cambridge CB1 2HA Tel 8 Fax 44 0 223 464117 AZ 1 Rev 02 Ver 1 15 Page 43 November 30 2005
13. CEDAR Professional Hardware Systems AZ 1 Azimuth Corrector Digital Audio Restoration System SERIES 2 Digig Over mm mm Over es Power de es Bypass Page SS A o El Bypa pS SS 20 O EM Level z ter Pre Post Ente 4 8 O 2 10 CE DAR azimuth Corrector AZ 1 o 12 e N O Phones Input Level Goce o A SERIES 2 O OWNER S MANUAL O 1994 CEDAR Audio Ltd Written by Gordon Reid AZ 1 Rev 02 Ver 1 15 Page 1 November 30 2005 TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION AAA AAA 3 THE BACKGROUND TO AZIMUTH CORRECTION 0 ee cccceeseseseseseseseseseseseseseseseseseseseseseseeeaeaeaeaeaeeeaeeeaeaes 4 SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS S ascfateraderatentcaviteuicoratettertterttertte i 5 SETUP 0 ato dit it iii 7 CONNECTIONS o e E EEEE inion lense tage een a oa ne ne ee ne hl es 8 SAMPLE INSTALLATION IDEAS cuatri dar sare RA AA AAA ASEAS ETATER A AAAA AEA 11 A GUIDE TO RESTORATION PROCESSING o oo cecccceeesseesseseeseeeesesssesesesssesesesessseseseeeeseeeeeeeeneeeneneneneneeeeees 12 LOCATION AND FUNCTION OF FRONT PANEL INDICATORS AND CONTROLS cect 14 QUICK TOU Rocosas ind tdci 16 WARMSTART AND COEDSTAR Mii dd 17 OPERATING THECEDAR AZ tt te 18 PAGES ad 20 CONTRATE ad dia 21 AY DISPIQY ie ces secs tote see aves Ta tegen eve te E EE HELE EEEE TLE Bee REE BE E 26 Inpu Output Control Page a ce ee ees aE
14. Protocol is outlined in the chapter RS232 Protocol SMPTE EBU Timecode A separate SMPTE EBU reader generator board may be purchased and fitted inside your AZ 1 Please contact your dealer for details of this AZ 1 Rev 02 Ver 1 15 Page 31 November 30 2005 PAGE 5 STATUS PAGE Access the STATUS PAGE by holding down Function Key F5 and then pressing the Dedicated Function Key PAGE Should the AZ 1 fail to function or appear to function incorrectly there may be an error contained within the digital audio data received at the System s inputs The Receiver Error Level see above will notify you when an error has occurred but it will not tell you what it is For many users this information will be adequate but the AZ 1 is capable of reporting errors and other status information in more detail The STATUS PAGE will give you information regarding the current status of the AZ 1 and will give you details regarding any errors which have occurred since the unit was switched on Three items of information will always be reported by the AZ 1 These are e DSP1 Status Crashed Timed Out Running DSP2 Status Crashed Timed Out Running e I O Condition Error Emphasis Sample Rate If a remote control error is detected a fourth field will appear Comms Error Illegal Checkbyte Illegal Command Size STATUS INDICATORS The front panel LEDs will help to identify the possible cause if the unit fails to function The followin
15. an not be taken as an absolute statement that the signal conforms to specification Note If the error level selected detects an error the digital audio signal will be coded as INVALID by the AZ 1 Many manufacturers devices do not recognise or act upon this code but those that do may refuse to accept or record the audio AZ 1 Rev 02 Ver 1 15 Page 30 November 30 2005 PAGE 4 REMOTE CONTROL Access this page by repeatedly pressing the Dedicated Function Key PAGE until the REMOTE CONTROL PAGE appears The AZ 1 features intelligent auto detection software which monitors the RS232 MIDI and SMPTE EBU if fitted inputs and responds to data received on each and any of them This eliminates the need for a control to select the remote control to be used It is only necessary therefore to select the Channel on which the AZ 1 receives commands over MIDI MIDI CEDAR Audio Ltd do not produce software for remote devices to control the AZ 1 over MIDI MIDI CHANNEL Ensure that button A is highlighted by a box It is then possible to change the MIDI Channel turn the dial clockwise to increase or anti clockwise to decrease the MIDI Channel To toggle this function on off press the Function Key marked A On Coldstart the MIDI Channel defaults to 1 RS232 CEDAR Audio Ltd do not produce software for remote devices to control the AZ 1 over RS232 However for users wishing to implement their own control software the RS232
16. compensating correction to the signal The TIME display shows the amount of correction applied It is not possible to manually alter the amount of correction in AUTO mode AZ 1 Rev 02 Ver 1 15 Page 22 November 30 2005 Note A TIME shift of 1 00 is equivalent to using an editor to record your signal remove or insert a single sample at the start of either the left or right channels and then play back the audio file Balance Any electronic problems leading to phase time errors will often cause channel imbalances i e unmatched channel gains BALANCE allows you to balance the left and right channels of your signal The relationship between the BALANCE and the GAIN applied to each channel is shown in the following graph This shows the gain in dB applied to each channel as you sweep the BALANCE from 0 00 to 99 00 or 99 00 The BALANCE setting may be manually adjusted as follows e If the BALANCE control is not already highlighted press F5 to select it A box will appear around the numerical display to indicate that the control is selected BALANCE may be altered in steps as fine as 0 01 Rotate the dial clockwise and or anti clockwise to alter BALANCE The action of the dial is velocity sensitive and quick rotation will result in a larger change of values than will slow rotation To reset BALANCE to 0 00 press the the F5 key once more whilst BALANCE is highlighted Phase Mode The AZ 1 allows you to invert the
17. e LCD screen The change in frequency will be shown on screen and also by the Status LEDs Note The sampling frequency reverts to 44 1kHz on Coldstart EXTERNAL SYNCHRONISATION The AZ 1 clock may be synchronised to either the AES EBU input or the SP DIF input Connecting a valid digital input to either of these and selecting AES Sync or SP DIF Sync as appropriate will lock the AZ 1 to the external clock If the external clock falls within the acceptable ranges of each of the standard sample rates 44 1kHz 48kHz 32kHz the clock frequency will be shown on the LEDs If the external clock lies outside these ranges the AZ 1 will still function and good audio will be produced at the analogue output Whether the digital output will be usable will then be determined by the flexibility of other devices in the digital audio chain To toggle between AES Sync and SP DIF Sync and also between the AZ 1s internal 44 1kHz and 48kHz sampling frequencies press the Function Key marked C on the LCD screen Note If external synchronisation is requested but no valid signal is detected at the appropriate digital input the DIGITAL LED will flash to indicate the error AZ 1 Rev 02 Ver 1 15 Page 29 November 30 2005 D RECEIVER ERROR LEVEL INPUT SOURCE AES EBU or SP DIF The AZ 1 features sophisticated software which detects and analyses both fatal and non fatal errors in the incoming digital audio data You may select one of four er
18. el diagram hold down the function key F1 and switch on the AZ 1 5 i If you are using analogue inputs press PAGE twice Press B function key F2 to select analogue Then press PAGE twice more to return to the Control Page 5 ii If you are using digital inputs from a consumer format machine such as a domestic DAT recorder press PAGE twice then press B twice to select SP DIF If you are outputting to a consumer format machine such as a low cost DAT recorder press A function key F1 to select SP DIF format Press PAGE twice to return to the Control Page Note The AZ 1 defaults to AES EBU PROFESSIONAL format so skip both instructions 4 i and 4 ii if your AZ 1 is connected to a system such as the Sony PCM1630 6 Press B to switch from MANUAL to AUTO 7 Play your material 8 Press PRE POST to hear an immediate difference between the processed and unprocessed signals assuming of course that your original material suffers from some form of azimuth or other timing error This section should have whetted your appetite so you should now proceed to the rest of the manual to ensure that you can obtain the best results from your CEDAR AZ 1 AZ 1 Rev 02 Ver 1 15 Page 16 November 30 2005 WARMSTART AND COLDSTART The AZ 1 features Warmstart and Coldstart options Warmstart has been added so that the unit can be configured once and these parameters are then automatically recalled on every power up This is ideal for app
19. ent ii MIDI IN OUT THRU The operation of the AZ 1 may be controlled using the Musical Instrument Digital Interface MIDI Refer to the chapter on Remote Control Protocols for further instructions iii RS232 The AZ 1 may be controlled using the standard RS232 serial communications protocol Refer to the chapter on Remote Control Protocols for further instructions AZ 1 Rev 02 Ver 1 15 Page 10 November 30 2005 SAMPLE INSTALLATION IDEAS analogue or analogue or analogue or line out digital in digital out digital in TURNTABLE OR RECORDER TAPE MACHINE 1 AZ 1 used in line for transcription or broadcast purposes i analogue or analogue or analogue or line out digital in digital out digital in effects return 2 AZ 1 used on the effects loop within a studio environment analogue or analogue or analogue or analogue or analogue or line out digital in digital out digital in digital out digital in CEDAR m RECORDER or other workstation editor 3 AZ 1 used in line prior to an editor or audio workstation AZ 1 Rev 02 Ver 1 15 Page 11 November 30 2005 A GUIDE TO RESTORATION PROCESSING Contrary to common sense the order in which restoration processes are carried out makes a great deal of difference to the quality of the final result Consequently there is one right way and many wrong ways to restore your material Following these guidelines will help you to achieve the best
20. g table lists all possible combinations of LED error indications LED flashing Condition Digital the digital input violates the Receiver Error Level or no digital sync is present if requested in I O page 44 1 and 48kHz unknown sample rate received at inputs Bypass Pre Post One or both of the DSPs have crashed AZ 1 Rev 02 Ver 1 15 Page 32 November 30 2005 STATUS PAGE DEFINITIONS Crashed Timed Out Running Error Emphasis Sample Rate Illegal Checkbyte AZ 1 Rev 02 Ver 1 15 November 30 2005 The AZ 1 DSPs are failing to function The only recourse is to switch the unit off wait for a few seconds and then switch on again If this error re occurs please refer your AZ 1 to an authorised service centre If for any reason the AZ 1 drops out of real time fails to pass audio to the output this error will be reported This should only occur if a sample rate of greater than 50kHz is presented to one of the digital inputs This error is non fatal and the AZ 1 should continue to function normally after it has occurred The AZ 1 DSPs are functioning correctly and moreover have been doing so since the unit was switched on If the DIGITAL LED is flashing the most serious error will be detailed at this point Errors are fully detailed in the AZ 1 Service Manual If no error is detected the I O status will display the Emphasis condition OFF The Emphasis bit is not set The DAC de emphasis
21. gs and instructions Water and Moisture The AZ 1 should not be used near water and must not be exposed to rain or moisture If the AZ 1 is brought directly from a cold environment into a warm one moisture may condense inside the unit This in itself will not damage the AZ 1 but may cause hazardous electrical shorting to occur This could severely damage the AZ 1 and even cause danger to life ALWAYS allow time for the AZ 1 to naturally reach ambient temperatures before connecting the mains power Mounting The AZ 1 should be carefully mounted in a 19 EIA rack or placed on a flat stable surface If used on a cart or free stand care should be taken when moved uneven surfaces or excessive force may cause cart and AZ 1 to overturn Do not position the AZ 1 in a place subject to strong sunlight excessive dust mechanical vibration or periodic shocks Wall or Ceiling Mounting The AZ 1 has not been designed for mounting directly to walls or ceilings Ventilation Good air circulation is essential to prevent internal heat built up within the AZ 1 The AZ 1 should be situated so that its position does not interfere with proper ventilation The AZ 1 should not be placed in any situation which impedes the flow of air through the vents at the front and rear Do not place the AZ 1 on a soft surface External Heat Sources The AZ 1 should be installed away from significant heat sources such as radiators and if possible away from other aud
22. he unit has been dropped or the case damaged 15 Servicing The user should not attempt to service the AZ 1 beyond the instructions contained in the User s Manual All other servicing should be referred to qualified service personnel AZ 1 Rev 02 Ver 1 15 Page 6 November 30 2005 SET UP 1 UNPACKING AND INSPECTION Be careful not to damage the AZ 1 during unpacking Save the carton and all packing materials since you may need them to transport the AZ 1 in the future In addition to the packaging the carton should contain the following mains connection lead e this manual blanking plates which may be used to replace the rack mount ears 2 INSTALLATION SITE The AZ 1 may be used in most areas but to maintain reliability and prolong operating life observe the following environmental considerations Nominal temperature should be maintained between 5 and 35 Centigrade 41 and 95 Fahrenheit e Relative humidity should be in the range 30 to 60 non condensing Strong magnetic fields should not exist nearby 3 RACK MOUNTING The AZ 1 can be mounted in a standard 19 EIA rack 4 FREE STANDING USE The AZ 1 can be used as a free standing unit The rack mount ears may then be replaced by the blanking plates if desired To replace the ears with the blanking plates Unscrew the three bolts which attach each ear to the chassis of the AZ 1 Attach the blanking plates using the same retaining bolts Do not over tighten these
23. in which the AZ 1 determines the time error between channels and automatically corrects this Press F2 to toggle between modes Time TIME refers to the group delay azimuth error existing between the left and right channels of your signal It is displayed in both numerical and graphical formats In PRE mode When you are monitoring your signal in PRE mode TIME simply displays the error In POST mode i with MANUAL selected When you are monitoring your signal in POST mode TIME displays the amount of correction being applied to the signal TIME may be manually altered from 99 00 to 99 00 A change of 1 00 corresponds exactly to a shift of 1 digital word TIME may be manually adjusted as follows If the TIME control is not already highlighted press F1 to select it A box will appear around the numerical display to indicate that the control is selected TIME may be altered in steps as fine as 0 01 samples i e 1 of a sample or approximately 1 5 000 000th of a second at 48kHz sampling rate Rotate the dial clockwise and or anti clockwise to alter TIME e The action of the dial is velocity sensitive and quick rotation will result in a larger change of values than will slow rotation To reset TIME to 0 00 press the the F1 key once more whilst TIME is highlighted In POST mode ii with AUTO selected With AUTO selected in POST mode the AZ 1 measures the amount of azimuth error and automatically applies a
24. io devices such as amplifiers that produce large amounts of heat Installation in racks with devices such as signal processors or tape machines should not be a problem Power Sources The AZ 1 features an auto switching power supply which will work safely on any mains supply in the ranges 95v 130v and 190v 260v 50Hz or 60Hz AC only AZ 1 Rev 02 Ver 1 15 Page 5 November 30 2005 You should never attempt to modify or adjust the internal power supply in any way It contains no user serviceable parts 10 Grounding or Polarisation The AZ 1 should always be grounded or earthed 11 Power Cord Protection Power connectors should be routed so that they will not be walked on or pinched 12 Extended Periods of Non Use The AZ 1 is not disconnected from the mains power as long as it is connected to the wall outlet even if the unit itself has been switched off Therefore if the AZ 1 is not to be used for an extended period of time unplug the unit from the wall Pull the connector out by the plug never by the cord itself 13 Cleaning Clean only with a dry cloth NEVER use liquid cleaners such as alcohol or benzene on the AZ 1 NEVER use abrasive pads on the AZ 1 14 Damage Requiring Service The AZ 1 should be returned to qualified service personnel when objects have fallen into the unit e liquid has been spilled into the unit the unit has been exposed to rain the unit fails to function or appears to operate abnormally t
25. ital These are balanced analogue audio I O digital SP DIF format audio data e digital AES EBU format audio data Note that the AZ 1 always passes its output to all three signal outputs irrespective of the input used but that the digital data will only be formatted for either AES EBU or SP DIF as defined by the user parameters AZ 1 Rev 02 Ver 1 15 Page 8 November 30 2005 i Balanced analogue audio I O Pin 2 hot This standard is used in professional audio equipment Connect the output from your source to the balanced analogue inputs of the AZ 1 using standard XLR plugs You will require two such connections one for each channel The balanced audio output may be used to connect the AZ 1 directly to audio equipment such as mixing desks and professional recorders featuring balanced XLR inputs and outputs ii Digital SP DIF format audio data The SP DIF format is used by domestic and semi professional digital audio devices such as DAT machines some ADCs and some CD players Both audio channels are carried along a single cable so you may connect the SP DIF output from your source to the SP DIF input of the AZ 1 using a single cable terminated with RCA or phono plugs The SP DIF output of the AZ 1 may be connected to the SP DIF input of your recording device or external DAC iii Digital AES EBU format audio data The digital AES EBU format is used by professional digital audio devices including mastering
26. lanced so your first job will be to select the Control Page and adjust the BALANCE control to balance the left and right channels 3 To get a good idea of the time difference between channels put the AZ 1 into MANUAL and MONO mono difference OUTPUT MODE 4 You can now sweep the time relationship between channels using the TIME control Do so until the perceived signal is minimised HINT The TIME value will usually lie between 10 and 10 so don t be surprised if you never seem to need larger values Often you can recognise this by noticing that vocalists and solo instruments disappear from the mix leaving just the reverberation behind You will also be able to fine tune the BALANCE in MONO Remember that the best results will always be obtained when both BALANCE and TIME are correctly set for each piece of material 5 Return to STEREO mode switch the AZ 1 to AUTO and use PRE POST to compare the uncorrected and corrected signals Unless the errors in the signal are swinging wildly the typical time shift in AUTO should approximate to the MANUAL time shift you detected 6 If satisfied with the results re start the audio material and allow the AZ 1 to process as it decides appropriate Monitor the XY and TIME DISPLAYS to ensure that the signal is not confusing the AZ 1 If these displays swing dramatically you may be processing audio which contains unusual stereo information or modern audio effects such as ADT which can make i
27. lications where time consuming set ups at the start of each session are not practical Coldstart If the AZ 1 has not been used for some time the system will automatically Coldstart This process initialises all parameters to their factory default values and aftera few seconds the AZ 1 will automatically enter at Page 1 On start up the message Coldstart will be displayed at the top right of the start up screen on the LCD display The screen will then enter PAGE 1 which will show the default Parameters The default values are Time 0 Detect Mode Manual Output Mode Stereo Phase L R Balance 0 Other default values are Digital Output AES EBU Input Source AES EBU Receiver Error Level 1 Lock MIDI Channel 1 Bypass OFF A to D frequency 44 1kHz Pre Post Post Warmstart The AZ 1 remembers the latest parameters used and the page that was active at the time that the system was last switched off On start up the AZ 1 will display the message Warmstart on the screen and after a few seconds will re enter at the appropriate page with all user parameters set to their previous values User Coldstart If you wish to force the AZ 1 to Coldstart hold down Function Key F1 while switching on the system Release F1 when the message Coldstart is seen on the LCD display Note In common with all other digital devices and irrespective of whether you are Warmstarting or Coldstarting the AZ 1 you should always allow
28. ll cause the display to change from OFF to ON ROUTINE 2 ATTENUATION KNOB TEST The AZ 1 SERIES 2 will invite you to turn the Attenuation knob to check that the value displayed on screen matches the position of the knob ROUTINE 3 dial SPIN WHEEL TEST Rotate the dial to check that values change smoothly in both positive clockwise and negative anti clockwise directions ROUTINE 4 LED TEST The AZ 1 SERIES 2 will flash all six green LEDs ROUTINE 5 METER TEST The AZ 1 SERIES 2 will invite you to turn the dial to vary the levels displayed by each of the four input and output meters in turn Press ENTER to step to the next meter AZ 1 Rev 02 Ver 1 15 Page 40 November 30 2005 ROUTINE 6 DSP1 TEST The AZ 1 SERIES 2 will test its DSPs and internal memory Please wait for this test to complete If the System is fully functional the screen will display the message Memory passed If a memory error is detected the screen will display the message Memory error at If a DSP failure is detected the screen will display the message DSP1 is not responding If you observe this message please repeat the self test If the message recurs please contact your dealer for assistance WARNING The AZ 1 SERIES 2 contains no user serviceable parts DO NOT UNDER ANY CIRCUMSTANCES attempt to service your unit ROUTINE 7 DSP2 TEST As above TEST COMPETED Your AZ 1 SERIES 2 will now prompt you
29. ources are able to send and receive timecode then the AZ 1 s MIDI capability may be used as the basis for an automation system Note The absolute parameter values are not transmitted or received so the user must ensure that any changes are relative to a desired starting value which can be set using MIDI DUMP If a MIDI DUMP of all control page parameters and the Pre Post state is required pressing ENTER at any time will initiate the DUMP Additional MIDI Command The AZ 1 will receive LOCAL ON and LOCAL OFF commands The Status Page will notify you of the current state Both WARMSTART and COLDSTART always set LOCAL ON This command cannot be initiated from the front panel of the AZ 1 AZ 1 Rev 02 Ver 1 15 Page 39 November 30 2005 SELF TEST MODE The AZ 1 SERIES 2 features a powerful self test mode which enables the System to check the operation of each of its major sub systems plus all of the user controls To enter the self test mode Switch on the AZ 1 SERIES 2 while holding down the ENTER key The AZ 1 will perform each test in turn and you may move to the next test by pressing the ENTER key Consequently any test may be skipped by pressing the ENTER key Note Whilst the SELF TEST is in progress the ENTER key will not initiate a MIDI DUMP ROUTINE 1 BUTTON TESTING ROUTINE The AZ 1 SERIES 2 will invite you to press each of the Function Keys except ENTER and each of the Dedicated Function Keys Pressing a key wi
30. parameters as a CLEAR key resetting error messages and as a MIDI DUMP command AZ 1 Rev 02 Ver 1 15 Page 18 November 30 2005 These first two functions are of course context sensitive and the key s action will be appropriate to the page displayed see below The MIDI DUMP will be initiated every time that the ENTER key is pressed regardless of context Input Level This control acts upon the analogue inputs only Use it to adjust the volume of incoming signals to the desired level We recommend a peak level of approximately 0 to 3dB as shown on the Input Signal Meters Output Attenuation Avoid clipping using the Output Attenuation Control This is not a compressor or limiter and acts purely as a digital gain control with variable gain from OdB to 10dB in 1dB steps AZ 1 Rev 02 Ver 1 15 Page 19 November 30 2005 OPERATING THE CEDAR AZ 1 2 PAGES The AZ 1 has four pages which control all aspects of its operation Each page is displayed on the LCD screen and may be controlled using the Function Keys and the dial Switch the AZ 1 on Refer first to the safety instructions The screen will immediately enter the CONTROL PAGE which will show the Warmstart parameters stored when the unit was last used All the controls for the AZ 1 are contained in three of the four PAGES each of which is selected by pressing the dedicated PAGE function key The Pages are cycled and will appear in the following order Cont
31. phase of the left and right channels either individually or together Normal operation is indicated by L R but you may also select L R the left channel only is inverted 180 phase shift L R both channels are inverted no relative shift between channels L R the right channel only is inverted 180 phase shift Cycle between phase modes by pressing F4 until the desired mode is selected AZ 1 Rev 02 Ver 1 15 Page 23 November 30 2005 Output Mode Three output modes for monitoring the final signal are provided Stereo The left and right channels of the input signal are analysed and corrected or not depending upon other settings and are then passed to the left and right outputs Mono The left and right channels of the input signal are analysed and corrected or not depending upon other settings and are then summed together The summed mono signal is then passed to the left and right outputs Mono The left and right channels of the input signal are analysed and corrected or not depending upon other settings and the left channel is then subtracted from the right channel The subtracted mono signal is then passed to the left and right outputs Note If the input is perfect mono then because the channels perfectly cancel each other out and provided that the AZ 1 is not used to alter one of the other of the channels the output in Mono will be silence Cycle between output modes by pressing F3 un
32. re imaging that cannot be corrected by other methods Combining all the facilities of a phase Detector and Corrector the AZ 1 also features an AUTOTRACKING facility This enables the unit to measure the delay between the channels and use this value to compensate automatically in Real Time for the delay it detects This delay is re calculated 44 times every second enabling the AZ 1 to compensate for rapidly varying timing errors as well as constant differences Since the causes of phase time errors also often lead to volume imbalances in the stereo signal the latest and most powerful CEDAR SERIES 2 DSP hardware also features real time monitoring with gain controls for precise balancing of the corrected signal The operation of the AZ 1 is totally digital and any signal presented to the analogue inputs is converted internally to a suitable digital format by the high quality analogue to digital converters ADCs Following Time Correction the processed signal is then converted back from digital to analogue by the internal digital to analogue converters DACs For use with records films video and tape no other device offers the power facilities or accuracy of the AZ 1 AZ 1 Rev 02 Ver 1 15 Page 4 November 30 2005 SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS CAUTION 1 Read all of these instructions All safety and operating instructions should be read before the AZ 1 is operated Save these instructions for future reference Follow all warnin
33. rol Page XY Display Page I O Control Page Remote Control Page These and a further description of the Dedicated Controls are now covered in turn Note There is a fifth normally hidden page called the Status Page This is not accessed using the standard Page function and will be discussed separately in the section describing Error Levels AZ 1 Rev 02 Ver 1 15 Page 20 November 30 2005 PAGE 1 CONTROL PAGE If necessary access this page by pressing the Dedicated Function Key PAGE until the Control Page appears There are five controls in the Control page These correspond to the five soft keys and are to be found directly above each of them as follows F1 Time Control F2 Detect Mode Control F3 Output Mode Control F4 Phase Mode Control F5 Balance Control The controls and therefore the AZ 1 itself act in the following order Time Detect Balance Phase Mode Output Mode Control Mode Control Control Control Control ERROR PHASE CHANNEL PHASE OUTPUT ATTENUATOR LISSAJOUS DETECTOR CORRECTOR GAINS INVERTER MODE FIGURE Figure 1 The order in which the CONTROL PAGE controls modify the signal You can optimise the beneficial effect of the AZ 1 by setting each of these controls appropriately They are now described in turn AZ 1 Rev 02 Ver 1 15 Page 21 November 30 2005 Detect Mode The AZ 1 may be used in two ways in MANUAL mode as a manual time shifter or in AUTO mode as an AUTOTRACKING system
34. ror levels which will cause the front panel DIGITAL LED to flash if the incoming data contains an error equal to or worse than the selected level The error levels are 1 Lock This is the weakest detector and will only cause the LED to flash when the AZ 1 believes that there is no usable signal being presented to the selected digital input 2 Code If there is an incoming signal yet the LED flashes on error level 2 the AZ 1 is indicating that the signal contains coding violations In some cases you may obtain usable audio However this warning may be caused by non AES EBU or non SP DIF data being presented In these cases any audio produced will almost certainly be unusable 3 Trans This indicates that the incoming digital audio data is of poor quality i e very noisy or jittery and that undetectable data errors are likely These errors will not be corrected by any standard AES EBU or SP DIF device and may lead to audio degradations 4 Valid This is the most stringent test of the incoming data and will cause the LED to flash if the AZ 1 determines that any of the data contained in the signal is not valid This is often non fatal i e you will hear perfectly good audio but it indicates that some device or anomaly in your audio chain is generating digital audio data outside of the AES EBU or SP DIF specifications published by their respective bodies Please note however that if the digital LED does not flash this c
35. s The Over indicators will light if the input signal remains at full scale for four or more consecutive samples Output Signal Meters Left and Right Calibrated signal meters display the RMS value of all output signals The Over indicators will light if the output signal remains at full scale for four or more consecutive samples LCD Screen Provides you with a variety of information and messages keeping you aware of what is currently happening in the AZ 1 All the control screens of the AZ 1 are displayed on the LCD screen Please refer to the following chapters for full instructions Status Indicators Indicate the status of the analogue and digital inputs and whether the AZ 1 SERIES 2 is in idle or processing modes Also indicate the possible causes should the unit fail to function Dedicated Function Keys Certain functions are fundamental to operating the AZ 1 and these are controlled by the Dedicated function keys Bypass Page Pre Post and Enter dial Spinwheel The dial enables you to increase and decrease control values Please refer to the following chapters for full instructions Headphone Socket For use with stereo headphones only Accepts a standard 1 4 stereo jack plug DO NOT use 2 conductor mono headphones with the AZ 1 Headphone Level Control Use this to adjust for a satisfactory listening level This level control will not alter the signal level at any of the rear panel outputs AZ 1 Re
36. t difficult for the AZ 1 to detect and correct the azimuth error In these cases it will be necessary to use MANUAL mode to process the audio T Having decided whether to use AUTO or MANUAL play the material through the AZ 1 AZ 1 Rev 02 Ver 1 15 Page 35 November 30 2005 Note We would be grateful to receive feedback from our users regarding their experiences with the AZ 1 Any suitable hints and tips will be included in this tutorial in later versions of the manual AZ 1 Rev 02 Ver 1 15 Page 36 November 30 2005 REMOTE CONTROL PROTOCOLS 1 RS232 RS232 is defined in the AZ 1 SERIES 2 as 9600 baud 8 bits data 1 stop bit No parity A command packet contains 6 bytes These are byte 1 channel number byte must be OxAF byte 2 Checkbyte Fixed must be 0x63 byte 3 command number see below byte 4 Command type Fixed 0x07 byte 5 command value HIGH byte byte 6 command value LOW byte The HIGH and LOW bytes together form a signed integer 1 Toggle between Pages Command Numbers Command Values OxF7 Clear Errors command Any value Clear all error messages OxF8 Select Page command 1 Control Page 6 _ I O Control Page 7 Status Page 15 Remote Control Page Any other value Refresh OxF9 Pre Post command O Pre 1 Post 1 Toggle Any other value Refresh OxFA Bypass command O Bypass OFF 1 Bypass ON 2 RESERVED VALUE 3 RESERVED VALUE 1 Toggle Any other value Refresh OxCO Digital Ou
37. til the desired mode is selected AZ 1 Rev 02 Ver 1 15 Page 24 November 30 2005 PAGE 2 XY DISPLAY Access this page by repeatedly pressing the Dedicated Function Key PAGE until the XY DISPLAY appears This page shows the Lissajous figure in large format The following displays may be seen depending upon the type of material offered to the AZ 1 Figure 3 a Pure in phase mono signal Figure 3 b Pure out of phase mono signal Figure 3 c Left channel only Figure 3 d Right channel only Figure 3 e Stereo signal with poor phase correlation Figure 3 f Stereo signal with good phase correlation When using the AZ 1 as an azimuth corrector for a stereo signal you should notice that if in PRE mode the signal resembles 3 e toggling to POST changes the figure to look more like 3 f This demonstrates that the correlation between channels is improved by the AZ 1 AZ 1 Rev 02 Ver 1 15 Page 25 November 30 2005 Figure 3 a Figure 3 b Figure 3 c Figure 3 d Figure 3 e Figure 3 f Figure 3 Examples of Lissajous figures encountered in audio signals AZ 1 Rev 02 Ver 1 15 Page 26 November 30 2005 PAGE 3 INPUT OUTPUT CONTROL PAGE I O CONTROL Access this page by repeatedly pressing the Dedicated Function Key PAGE until the I O CONTROL PAGE appears This page allows you to determine the input used the sampling frequency of the Analogue to Digital Converters the digital input error detection level and
38. to press ENTER one more time to return you to operating mode whether all tests have been passed or not Some failures will not stop you from using the AZ 1 SERIES 2 successfully However consistent failures should be notified to your dealer or directly to CEDAR Audio Ltd AZ 1 Rev 02 Ver 1 15 Page 41 November 30 2005 AY 3 16 bit 27 24 bit 3 9 27 32kHz 3 29 32kHz 28 44 1kHz 29 44 1kHz 3 28 29 48kHz 3 29 48kHz 28 29 50 15 33 A to D frequency 17 ADC 3 AES Sync 29 AES EBU 27 AES EBU 3 8 9 16 27 29 30 33 analogue 3 8 Attenuation 19 Attenuation 15 AUTO 16 35 AUTO 22 Auto Correction 3 automation 39 AUTOTRACKING 4 22 Azimuth Correction 12 azimuth error 22 Balance 17 23 Balance 21 23 35 blanking plates 7 Bypass 14 17 18 BYPASS 35 CD 9 Checkbyte 33 37 CLEAR 18 CLOCK 28 29 Code 30 coding violations 30 Coldstart 29 Coldstart 17 39 command packet 37 Command Type 34 37 command value HIGH byte 37 compressor 19 Contrast 15 CONTROL PAGE 20 21 Crashed 33 DAC 3 DASH 9 DAT 9 16 De Clicking 12 De Crackling 12 default values 17 De Hissing 12 De Scratching 12 Detect Mode 17 22 Detect Mode 21 DH 1 12 digital 8 Digital Output 17 Dithering 9 dithering 27 DSP 3 33 41 dynamic range 3 AZ 1 Rev 02 Ver 1 15 November 30 2005 dynamics processors 4 EIA rack 3 5 7 Emphasis 33 Enter
39. tput Format 0x80 SP DIF 0x00 AES EBU 1 Toggle Any other value Refresh AZ 1 Rev 02 Ver 1 15 Page 37 November 30 2005 0xC1 0xC2 0xC3 0x22 0x23 0x24 0x20 0x30 0x21 0x31 Input Source A to D Frequency Receiver Error Level Detect Mode Output Mode Phase Mode Set TIME 2N 20 Any other value Any other value 20N 0 220N 0 Any other value 0 1 1 Any other value 2N 20 Any other value 20N 0 Any other value Any value Analogue SP DIF AES EBU Toggle Refresh 44 1kHz 48kHz SP DIF Sync AES EBU Sync Toggle Refresh 1 Lock 2 Code 3 Trans 4 Valid Toggle Refresh Manual Auto Toggle Refresh Stereo Mono Mono Toggle Refresh L R L R L R L R Toggle Refresh TIME x 100 This command will be ignored in AUTO mode Alter TIME Any value A TIME x 100 This command will be ignored in AUTO mode Set BALANCE Alter BALANCE AZ 1 Rev 02 Ver 1 15 November 30 2005 Any value Any vlaue BALANCE x 100 A BALANCE x 100 Page 38 2 MIDI The AZ 1 is permanently set to transmit any change of control page parameters or Pre Post state via MIDI except when such a change is initiated by an RS232 or MIDI command Therefore if a MIDI sequencer such as Cubase Notator or EditTrack is connected to the AZ 1 it will receive a running history of the unit s operation If your sequencer and audio s
40. v 02 Ver 1 15 Page 14 November 30 2005 10 11 12 13 Input Level Control This control acts upon the analogue inputs only Use it to adjust the volume of incoming analogue signals to the desired level A level of approximately 0 to 3dB as shown on the Input Signal Meters will offer best results The Input Level Control may be physically bypassed internally to obtain the best possible signal to noise ratio S N from the ADCs This work must be carried out by qualified service personnel so please refer to your authorised dealer or directly to CEDAR Audio to have this modification performed Output Attenuation Control A digital gain control with range 0 to 10dB in 1dB steps Function Keys Use along with the LCD screen Please refer to the following chapters for full instructions Contrast Control The LCD screen may be adjusted for optimum visibility Use a fine screwdriver to make such adjustments AZ 1 Rev 02 Ver 1 15 Page 15 November 30 2005 QUICK TOUR If you are impatient to hear some immediate results using your AZ 1 the following instructions should have you up and running within a few minutes 1 READ THE SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS 2 Connect the AZ 1 to the mains supply 3 Connect your input and output devices to the AZ 1 using the appropriate input and output sockets If in doubt please refer to the section CONNECTING THE AZ 1 and the manuals of your other equipment 4 Referring to the front pan
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