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1. cqmputer and internal battery Part No 317076375 FS GS palmtop cable pp SubD Part No 605076501 1 0 m FS GS PC cable SubD9 SubD9 Part No 605076502 1 0 m GPS coaxial cable pp TNCm Part No 505076500 1 5 m UHF coaxial cable TNCm TNCm Part No 5050227 2 50 m Mast for UHF antenna Part No 2612076840 includes UHF coaxial cable Part No 505076499 Mast for GPS antenna Part No 2612076564 not visible on the photo DSNP Unpacking amp Description 6001 2 MK Rover Unit Receiver holder Battery Charger Shoulder straps and belt black Part No Part No 3440005 Part No 751076678 Receiver 751076466 2 NiCd Battery packs Part No 343088 1 PCMCIA Card Part No 4660039 Rover unit assembly Metal Support Battery compartment Part No 2612076548 Part No 751076467 Part No 2612076679 1 Scorpio Software User s Manual Bag of clips CD ROM Part No 0311375 Part No 7870088 The rover unit assembly Part No 2612076548 consists of the following parts the 6001 receiver Part No 2611076437o0r 6002 receiver Part No 2612076433 the stand Part No 26E1076942 which consists of the receiver holder Part No 751076466 black rubber the Metal support Part No 751076467 and small parts screws washers standoffs the ba
2. cccceeeeseeeeeees H 16 RS 232 Calian n a aaa iia H 19 FSGS Palmtop Computer sssssssssesseesseeseessnesenrsrnnesnnstnnssrnssnnsenn H 20 FSGS Palmtop Configuration ccccceesceseseeeeeeeseneeeeeeeseeeenaees H 20 SoftWare lOAGiING isisisi erani H 21 Maintenance StepS esesisssssieeserierriirsrirrssinneritnnriienerinnnsnnnnnnen H 23 ix Scorpio 600x xK Series User s Manual Appendices DSNP Unpacking amp Description 6001 2 MK Rover Unit 1 Unpacking amp Description 6001 2 MK Rover Unit 1 Unpacking The supply consists of a container and a telescopic pole provided separately Telescopic Pole 1337 L Part No 3310203 Open the container This item marketed under the Part No 790077805 includes the container as such the inner foam trays used to secure the various parts in the container List and inspect all the parts provided Should parts be missing or damaged when first opening the container please contact your distributor DSNP reserves the right to make changes to the standard supply described below without prior notice DSNP 1 1 1 Unpacking amp Description 6001 2 MK Rover Unit FSP70 0 dB flexible UHF antenna 3310190 415 435 MHz or 3310196 430 450 MHz or 3310188 450 470 MHz GPS antenna NAPOO1 L1 Part No 26E1076311 or Quick release adapter NAP002 L1 L2 Part No 26E1076208 Part No 2612076528 with 5 8 adapter Part No 724076577
3. Inthe toolbar click NI or from the Draw menu select the Target points command Move the mouse pointer now a where you want to create a new target point In the right lower part of the KISS window the status bar helps you locate the point accurately on the map by giving the current coordinates of the mouse pointer as you move it within the window 300801 462 198717123 NUM When the mouse pointer is at the desired location click with the left mouse button This causes a new Target Point icon to appear on the map as A default name of the type Target nn is assigned to the point nn is the order number nn 1 if first point created 2 if second point created etc DSNP Preparing a project Placing target points on the map e Editing the properties of a target point you have just placed on the map Inthe toolbar click X or from the Draw menu choose the Select command Double click on the icon corresponding to the target point you want to edit A dialog box appears showing the properties of the target point At this stage the dialog box consists of a single tab General Name Keep the default name of the target point or type another name Code 1 code4 Optional Enter or select a geocode from each of these combo boxes The list of available geocodes is the one you can define from the KISS Options dialog box General tab Note that if you place the pointer on the down arrow o
4. implant pt ref ptO 27 11 98 16 32 42 2 310407 4456 259129 7214 32 3356 1 1 3 4334402 2832 112904 9502 4662120 7997 1 BAe pip pee VOOOy Ay k 9 0 O08 05 7 04 008 4 3 03 01 00 gt TLL A 55 4334382 4500 112977 7700 4662151 0600 T 310407 4450 259129 7060 32 3730 3 1 Logged point PE 9912134391 1 30 1 tI Nant LIT2 gt 7 lever ant 1112 au labo 05 01 99 12 17 04 2 310500 5578 259127 6943 48 7457 1 1 3 4334412 6379 112812 0788 4662133 0867 1 BA pp py OP OOOO Ly bae POPEO LON 57 503 0101 55 5 0 011357 1 715 A 55 4334382 4500 112977 7600 4662151 0700 Staking out through linear offset P then P1 then P2 T 991 316146 2 1 22 68 CERCLE PT 5 cercle pt5 imp dep lin yrr 06 01 99 15 48 48 2 310385 8092 259117 2186 32 0725 1 1 4 1 6240 3 0007 0 0000 0 0000 0 0000 2 0000 1 1 T 310385 8160 259117 2070 32 0710 3 1 G 19 Results files in ASCII SVAR format RES file example extracts G 20 PTp991 316154 5 1 60 69 CERCLE PT 5 imp lin dep pt5 pl 06 01 99 15 48 55 2 310387 2117 259118 0374 32 0842 1 1 3 4334410 8951 112924 8239 4662112 0268 1 eA pepe 20000 41 9 0 0078 0 0000 0 0084 0 0000 0 0000 0 0084 0 0 000 1 71 1 A 55 4334382 4500 112977 7600 4662151 0700 1 YT 991 3161 64 27 1 61 70 CERCLE PT 5 imp lin dep pt5 p2 06 01 99 15 49 03 2 310388 4006 259118 7315 32 0941 1 1 3 433
5. A Orient the PCMCIA card as shown below Insert the PCMCIA in the slot and push gently until you hear a click indicating that the card is locked in the reader Close the cover a click indicates that the cover is locked by pushing the cover in the same way as you did previously to open it DSNP 1 11 Unpacking amp Description PCMCIA Drive Removing a PCMCIA card Unlock the cover With a finger depress the black square shaped knob located to the right of the reader until the card is released Take the card out of the reader 1 12 DSNP Unpacking amp Description FSGS Palmtop Computer FSGS Palmtop Computer FSGS Palmtop NiCd Battery Pack Warning Do not use Alkaline cells Battery Cap FSGS Battery Pack The FSGS has been configured in order that battery charging can take place from a power source present on its RS232C connector After connecting a non powered FSGS to an operating powered receiver the Charging in progress message should appear on the FSGS display If not so please refer to Appendix H At equipment delivery the FSGS is fitted with a NiCd battery pack so there is no particular precaution to be taken If later for any reason alkaline cells have been placed inside the palmtop the first thing you will have to do before using the palmtop attached to the receiver will be to replace these cells with the NiCd pack W
6. Fatal errors If the RAM disk is damaged the message Please contact your system provider will be displayed on the screen In that case key in the emergency password 56580 which will cause the following message to appear Default disk lose all data Y N Press Y to reformat the RAM disk which will cause all the files to be deleted as signaled by the following messages All data has been erased Use UTIL to format fixed disk DSNP Troubleshooting amp Software Installation FSGS Palmtop Computer Util Type in UTIL The main menu appears H Field system 2 Utility Set time Set date Format diskette Format Fixed Disk Communication Port 1 Set Up Communication Port 2 Set Up gt move select Esc Quit Using the horizontal arrow keys move the cursor to Format Fixed disk Press the Yes key A new screen appears Format Fixed Disk WARN ING This will erase all disk data OK to proceed move fchange accept Esc Using the vertical arrow keys have Yes displayed in the selected field instead of No DSNP H 25 H Troubleshooting amp Software Installation FSGS Palmtop Computer Press the Yes key A new screen appears Format Fixed Disk Amount of memory for DOS gi Amount of memory for EMS 0 Use BIOS ram block H Ho move fchange accept Esc Quit The amount of memory for DOS should be 640 If it is d
7. Section 4 contains all the information required to prepare the rover unit and use it in the field This section is the reference documentation for the field operator Section 5 tells you how to download the data contained in the PCMCIA after your field operations using the KISS software Appendix A is a short introduction to the GNSS system Appendix B reviews all the products of the Scorpio 6000 series Appendix C presents the theory of operation of the LRK and KART processing methods Appendix D is the reference documentation for the Station Control Software a palmtop run user interface program used at the base station Scorpio 600x xK Series User s Manual How to use this Manual Appendix E describes the notation rules used in the SBIN and SVAR formats Appendix F describes the GPS raw data available in the SBIN format Appendix G describes the results files SVAR format Appendix H collects useful information for the troubleshooting of the system Software installation is also described Scorpio 600x xK Series User s Manual Table of Contents Table of Contents 1 Unpacking amp Description cccecccccccssssssssneeceeeeeseeees 1 1 6001 2 MK Rover Unib eerie 1 1 MUAH IAG snena e oes a a E E EE 1 1 6001 2 SK Base Station cccceeceeeeeceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeceeeeeseeeseneeeeaes 1 5 WP ACKING eo rrien o ee 1 5 GNSS receiver description cceceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeese
8. The next target point see definition in page 4 63 in the list is pre selected to be the next point to be surveyed DSNP 4 25 4 Operating Instructions on the Rover Unit Surveying target points Staking Out 4 26 Surveying target points through offset procedure If you know or if you realize in the course of your walk to a target that you cannot reach this target with the rover unit because for example the reception conditions at this point could not allow the system to operate normally then use one of the following two methods to survey this target linear offset or lateral offset Linear Offset Principle Through this technique the location of the inaccessible target point P will accurately be deduced from two points P1 and P2 located nearby properly logged and both aligned with the target First the operator will freely choose and log the first point P1 thus allowing the rover unit to define the direction of a line to P Then the rover unit will guide the operator to the other point P2 in order to align this point with the other two The operator will then log P2 As a result the rover unit will provide the distances separating P1 and P2 from the target Finally by way of external means a simple meter for example the operator will measure one of the distances from P1 and P2 or the two to the target to accurately locate this point DSNP Operating Instructions on the Rover Unit S
9. i 1008 28 startand Lf 1622 J8 endpoints AMPCIRCLE PT 18 36 DSNP 4 59 4 Operating Instructions on the Rover Unit Ancillary procedures Associated Help menu 2 screens Displayed by pressing F1 removed by pressing Esc Press PgUp or PgDn to change help menu Help i 2 Yes Guidance Search V View i C Create a point L Create a line D Distance elp 2 2 N Next point isplay G Geoco View 2 Esc Abandon 4 Quit p ont igure next point e Guidance see page 4 19 Search Press the S key to search for a new point to be continued in page 4 64 View Press the V key to view the definition of the selected point see the 2 screens in the bottom of this page Create a point Press the C key to create a new point to be continued in page 4 64 Create a line Press the L key to create a new line to be continued in page 4 66 Distance Press the D key to access the screen allowing you to measure the distance between any two points see page 4 6 Next point Press the N key to select the point you have defined as the next point 4 60 see below Configure next point Press the P key to define the nature of the next point to be continued in page 4 63 Geocode display Allows you to choose which geocode 1 2 3 or 4 should be displayed in the list of points View 2D Projects the locations of the points onto a plane see page 4 69
10. 4 29 4 Operating Instructions on the Rover Unit Surveying target points Staking Out 4 30 5 Press the Yes key to access the log screen same log context as in Staking Out general case see page 4 24 While maintaining the GPS antenna mast in position press the F3 key Stay immobile until the buzzer bleeps waiting time depends on chosen averaging time After P2 logging the following screen appears providing the distances from P1 and P2 to the inaccessible target P P2 survey complete Using the information now available on the palmtop screen locate the inaccessible target with your own means Position the cursor on the P icon and from any location press the Yes key to store the P point as a point surveyed through offset procedure e Lateral Offset Procedure Assuming you are in the vicinity of the inaccessible target the palmtop screen displays the points list of your job and the inaccessible target is selected in the list see this context in page 4 16 then do the following 1 Press the O key In the menu which appears select the lateral offset type DSNP Operating Instructions on the Rover Unit Surveying target points Staking Out take out with offset Linear A guidance screen then appears prompting you to freely choose P1 and to log this point Flashing dotted lines around P1 prompt you to choose this point in the field and log it 2 Pre
11. Each line describes the reception of a satellite Hence two satellites are shown on a subscreen and n subscreens will exist if 2n or 2n 1 satellites are received Display example SV PRN S N ratio Elevation Azimuth dB State Satellite orbit r received not used ascending u received used v descending d received intentionally rejected DSNP H 5 H Troubleshooting amp Software Installation GNSS Receiver Status Display Screen No 5 Information about sessions e Atthe base station The current or pending session is described on the screen Display example Session Begin time status hh mm of next or see below current session l EES E S IMME B20 10 APW REC E22 12 l l Power supply mode Recording status End time hh mm of APW Automatic REC recording in next or current MPW Manual progress session blank no recording or current time if in progress Immediate session Power supply mode APW If this option is active sessions control the power supply of the receiver The ON OFF push button is still usable but it won t turn off the receiver if a session is in progress MPW If this option is active sessions have no control on the power supply of the receiver Only the ON OFF push button has Session status ON
12. Posi tion Geodesy i a Fasting 208M Nor thing 259127 687n e 43 752n 7 Altitude sie 43 899m m On the position screen see example above the name of the coordinate system used top of the screen and the height of the GPS antenna bottom of the screen are just displayed for your information The coordinate system is the one defined using the Geodesy function see page D 27 and the antenna height is the one defined using the Antenna function see page D 8 The Distance parameter displayed at the foot of the screen stands for the deviation between the reference position you have just entered and the position solution computed in straight GPS by the station This information allows you to make sure the entered position is not aberrant you can conclude from a Distance reading not exceeding about a hundred meters that the position entry is correct e Loading the station position from a PCMCIA Insert the PCMCIA into the card reader Select the Position function Press the F key This displays the list of jobs present on the PCMCIA DSNP Base Station Control Station Control Lhoose a job none i Frepeat 1 gr lle 1988 result if a results file repeat result No of points in file gr11le8 result if a job file T File name File type Select a file a job file or a result file and press gt A new screen appears showing the names of
13. to allow the system to compute the perimeter and surface of the area you have just defined Then the results appear on the screen Example DSNP Operating Instructions on the Rover Unit Tools box 5 From the associated Help menu you can still change the definition of the area using keys I F Del Clr etc Every time you change the definition of the area press the Yes key to resume the computation Help menu associated with the surface computation screen Displayed by pressing F1 removed by pressing Esc el N Hrite i a note Esc Abandon Quit 6 If needed you can write these results into the notepad by simply pressing the N key The data transferred to the notepad and corresponding to the previous screen would be formatted as follows in the notepad CERCLE PT 10 CERCLE P 2 4 93 DSNP 4 Operating Instructions on the Rover Unit Using the palmtop in standalone mode 4 94 Editing Units From the main menu select i then Unit 5 The screen which then appears allows you to edit the units used for distances and angles Using the palmtop in standalone mode The palmtop resident program may be run even if the palmtop unit is not connected to the GPS receiver In this case the job on which you can work is necessarily the one you last opened when the receiver was still connected The following actions are then possible on that job view the lists of target reference and resu
14. 0000 pseudorange error lt 0 020 0001 pseudorange error lt 0 030 0010 pseudorange error lt 0 045 0011 pseudorange error lt 0 066 0100 pseudorange error lt 0 099 0101 pseudorange error lt 0 148 0110 pseudorange error lt 0 220 0111 pseudorange error gt 0 329 1000 pseudorange error lt 0 491 1001 pseudorange error lt 0 732 1010 pseudorange error lt 1 092 1011 pseudorange error lt 1 629 1100 pseudorange error lt 2 430 1101 pseudorange error lt 3 625 1110 pseudorange error lt 5 409 1111 pseudorange error gt 5 409 DSNP F 3 GPS Raw Data in SBIN format SBIN R Dual frequency GPS pseudoranges in satellite time SBIN R Dual frequency GPS pseudoranges in satellite time e General form lt stb gt lt R gt lt long gt lt time tagging gt lt parameters gt lt Raw Data 1stSV gt lt Raw Data last SV gt lt checksum gt lt etb gt e Time tagging First 2 bytes Last 3 bytes e Parameters A single byte bits 0 and 1 2 bytes 2 bytes 5 bytes 1 byte 14 bytes 14 bytes 2 bytes 1 byte GPS week number assuming the modulo 2 ambiguity is removed GPS time in week unit 1 10 s The reference time is jan 6 1980 at Ohr00 C A code smoothed by carrier complies with RTCM message No 19 DSNP GPS Raw Data in SBIN format SBIN R Dual frequency GPS pseudoranges in satellite time Smoothing Interval 00 Ot
15. Editing Time amp Date screen which then appears aias you to P or change the local time DSNP 4 87 4 Operating Instructions on the Rover Unit Tools box Associated Help menu elp Set offset Set tine Set date Abandon Quit 0 T D c Es F Editing Geocodes From the main menu select i then Geocode 3 The screen then lists of all the known geocodes The comment associated with the selected geocode appears at the bottom of the screen Example Associated Help menu elp A Add a new geocode H Modify a geocode Del Delete a geocode Esc Abandon Quit 4 88 DSNP DSNP Operating Instructions on the Rover Unit Tools box Editing uncertainties acceptable deviation amp battery alarm threshold From the main menu select i then Configuration 4 The screen which then appears allows you to edit the following parameters Maximum values of uncertainties tolerated on any point that you survey Value of uncertainty to be displayed on log screen when surveying a point Radius of acceptance circle When arriving at a target the OK message will appear only when the current deviation to the target becomes less than this value Threshold value of rover unit battery voltage causing the alarm to sound if current battery voltage less than or equal to this value Screen example Horizontal Vertical l Displa orzo Horiz amp Vertical 4
16. Scorpio 6001 2 MK amp SK USER S MANUAL 0311375 Rev C Issue June 1999 FCC statement USA The United States Federal Communications Commission in 47 CFR 15 105 has specified that the following notice be brought to the attention of users of this product This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device pursuant to part 15 of the FCC Rules These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation This equipment generates uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions may cause harmful interference to radio communications However there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television reception which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on the user is encouraged to try to correct the interferences by one or more of the following measures Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna Increase the separation between the equipment and the receiver Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is connected Consult the dealer or an experienced radio TV technician for help The user may find the following booklet prepared by the Federal Communications Commission helpful How to identify and
17. Warning A wrong reference position for the base station will not allow the system to operate properly rover unit initialisation will be long or even impossible and position solutions will be wrong It is therefore advisable to check the corrections computed by the base station displayed on Screen No 7 after entering its position The values of corrections should be in the order of a few tens of meters DSNP Operating Instructions at the base station Programming the base station Quick Procedure e Entering the transmitter characteristics enabling the station to transmit From the main menu select using lt or gt Inthe function menu which then appears select the Transmitter function From the screen which then appears enter the following parameters Station ID number identification number of the station This number is part of the data conveyed through the UHF link The rover unit will test this number before validating the data received Carrier frequency within the band 410 470 MHz necessarily a multiple of 12 5 kHz Transmission rate 1 to 6 seconds the interval of time between any two consecutive transmit moments the data update rate naturally results from this setting Transmission slot 1 to 4 defines the organization of the data link if several base stations are used concurrently If a single base station is used choose 1 for this parameter If several stations are used
18. astin m screen Northingd On Easting Unless already done select Noin _ A Northing this field compulsory k L A elp C Conall Esc Abandon F4 Quit Help menu associated with this screen 3 Press the C key Compute The screen now shows a list of blank reference points see opposite You have first to transfer true reference points to this list For example if 3 reference points have been created in the job for the purpose of refining the coordinate system you should now transfer these 3 points to the above list to appear as the first 3 points in the list for elp t 2 F3 Loggin example ing F Cet a point fron file U Used not used Yes Compute iew Esc Abandon ocal grid Associated Help menu 4 52 DSNP DSNP Operating Instructions on the Rover Unit Refining the coordinate system by surveying reference points 4 Inthe list select Point 1 and then press the F key Get a point from file The list of reference points defined for the job now appears on the screen 5 Select one of the reference points you wish to use to refine the coordinate system and then press the Yes key 6 Repeat steps 4 and 5 until all the useful ra prid reference points are transferred The refs screen now should look like this Point 7 Select the first reference point in the list ref 1 walk to this point and when arrived at this point log its position by pressing the F3 key
19. 10 SYSTM 4 Real time clock 10 SYSTM 4 Duak port RAM aa 11 SYSTM Core module not ready Core module not ready e9 10 SYS M 4 Program checksum eror Bad progran checksum 10 SYSTM IDE file system mounting error File system IDE mount err 74 10 SYSTM 1 Option lending period has now Option no more elapsed available 10 SYSTM Nb d essai options depasse Max option tries reached m7 10 SYSTM Journal full Full anomalies journal 76 77 10 SYSTM CMOS date failed 72 11 10 Selfiest error o 11 10 Erroneous blocks 11 TD Count of restarts since selftest Nb restart since autotest 10 SYST M Mailbox overflow 10 SYSTM PCMCIA removed 5 110 DPR1 Overflow long 10 SYSTM CM identification error Identification CM error 39_ 10 SYST M CM card fle inconsistency 7 H 14 DSNP Troubleshooting amp Software Installation GNSS Receiver Error report a aS 10 SYSTM Co F Flash CM clear error Clear flash CM error 10 SYSTM CM program loading error CM program file load error Kinematic mode change Kinematic mode change os 6 HM_ 3 Noposiion computed No computed position incoherent os 10 5YSM ATC sendoro RIC send error 96 4 GEODY Altimetry error Altimetry error 10 SYSTM Applic software Re load error eEror 98_ 10 SYSTM Protected memory error 99 _ 10 SYSTM Stack overflow 5 1 0 2 Error on port A in reception Receiving error on port A 5 1 0 2 Error o
20. B 12 DSNP DSNP Introduction to the DSNP Scorpio 6000 series Block Diagrams 6002 MK Rover Unit Geodetic L1 L2 antenna backpack container and other Palmtop UHF computer TE antenna P Accessories Mobile kit Receiver POWER COMPUTER vO A RS232 B RS232 DGPS Built in UHF GNSS Engine L1 L2 receiver PCMCIA Recorder 16 char x 2 line Status Display lt r ON OFF Scroll B 13 Introduction to the DSNP Scorpio 6000 series Block Diagrams 6002 SK Base Station antenna tripod container and other Geodetic User UHF L1 L2 antenna f inate Accessories Station kit anne Peres EEPE PEETA Plug in UHF Receiver transmitter POWER COMPUTER VO GPS A RS232 B RS232 cH Co DGPS DGPS D RS422 GNSS Engine L1 L2 PCMCIA R li i CMC ecorder 16 char x 2 line Status Display ON OFF Scroll B 14 DSNP KART LRK General Principles KART C KART LRK General Principles KART Theory of operation Typically the algorithms used to determine the values of ambiguous terms go through the following steps Defining a search volume built on the basis of the approximate position according to its uncertainty covariance Computing all possible solutions in the search volume Choosing the best possible solution minimum variance Validating the solution through comparison with the second
21. This view accurately shows the distribution of the points in the two dimensional XY space Viewing the results of the selected point press the V key then the PgDn key CERCLE PT 18 2 2 Geocode 1 36T Geocode 2 Geocode 3 i Geocode 4 7 asting i A Northing 0 009 Altitude 8 023 Directly from either of these screens you can view the equivalent screen for the next previous top of list or end of list point by respectively pressing 1 Home or End DSNP DSNP Operating Instructions on the Rover Unit Ancillary procedures Measuring the distance between any two points Continued from page 4 7 or 4 60 This function allows you to know the distance between any two points Once you have selected the two points the following parameters are determined Modulus horizontal and vertical components of the distance and the resulting elevation angle Azimuth angle of the straight line connecting the selected two points Procedure 1 Before running this function from the points list select the first of the points involved in the measurement in the example below this point is named CERCLE PT 4 2 Then press the D key The screen which then appears shows the name of the point you have just selected P1 Until the second point is selected the results displayed on that screen are those computed for the distance separating your current position from the sel
22. averaging its position solutions collected over this period of time This operating mode should be run only if the position of the station is unknown or insufficiently known It should be run for some time and then the averaged position should be used to program the station in UHF transmission mode e The UHF transmission mode the normal operating mode for a base station in which the useful data is transmitted to users through a data link operating in the UHF band DSNP 3 7 Operating Instructions at the base station Programming the base station Quick Procedure 3 8 Getting the Palmtop software started After pressing the ON OFF push button on the receiver front panel and after checking that the station has reached its operational status see screen No 0 Appendix H do the following Connect the FS GS palmtop to port A on receiver rear panel using cable part No 605076501 Switch on the palmtop by depressing the red key upper right After the DOS prompt has appeared type in T not case sensitive and press the Yes key Let the palmtop complete its self tests the end of which is denoted by the test bar graph disappearing from the palmtop display and the automatic selection of the Antenna function Note that starting the program will automatically switch the receiver on if you forgot to do that before However in this case the self tests on the palmtop will be longer Programming steps You will
23. location where the initialization phase should take place then press the Yes key to validate the displayed position and start the initialization phase Viewing the datum and projection used From the main menu select i then Datum 1 The information is arranged in two screens read only as shown in the example below Use the PgUp and PgDn keys to change screen DSNP 4 81 4 Operating Instructions on the Rover Unit Ancillary procedures From the main menu select Q then Projection 2 The information is presented on a single screen read only as shown in the example below rojection 600008 888m 200088 BAAM 8 999977430000 m Switching to WGS84 From the main menu select Q then Change to WGS84 3 A warning message will appear asking you to confirm your choice The current geodesy will be lost The current job will be lost Are you sure 4 82 DSNP DSNP Operating Instructions on the Rover Unit Ancillary procedures Using the notepad The notepad is a text file associated with the palmtop note that it is not associated with the job This file consists of one or more notes which the operator creates when needed Whenever the operator creates a note this new note is placed after the previously created one at the end of the file The format of each note is the following 1 Date 2 Time 3 Name of the job in progress 4 Note as such text 150 char
24. lt label21 gt File or Job name lt label22 gt Comment 48 characters max DSNP G 1 Results files in ASCII SVAR format Points list Points list lt stx gt lt eoln gt 1I lt GPS week gt lt GPS time gt lt eoln gt lt point type gt lt point number gt lt labell 1 gt lt label12 gt lt label13 gt lt label14 gt lt label15 gt lt label16 gt lt labell17 gt lt eoln gt 2 lt X gt lt Y gt lt Z gt lt distance unit code gt lt angle unit code gt lt eoln gt 3 lt X ECEF gt lt YECEF gt lt ZECEF gt lt unit code gt lt eoln gt 4 lt value41 gt lt value42 gt lt value43 gt lt value44 gt lt value45 gt lt value46 gt lt distance code gt lt eoln gt 6 lt ELO gt lt NLO gt lt DE gt lt DN gt lt BETA gt lt K gt lt distance unit code gt lt angle unit code gt lt eoln gt 9 lt SDE gt lt CEN gt lt SDN gt lt CEH gt lt CNH gt lt SDH gt lt MU gt lt N gt lt Q gt lt unit code gt lt eoln gt A lt Dif station number gt lt XECEF gt lt YECEF gt lt ZECEF gt lt eoln gt B lt Dif station number gt lt XECEF gt lt YECEF gt lt ZECEF gt lt eoln gt C lt Dif station number gt lt XECEF gt lt YECEF gt lt ZECEF gt lt eoln gt T lt XT gt lt YT gt lt ZT gt lt point type gt lt unit code gt lt eoln gt lt etx gt I Time tagging line lt GPS week gt GPS week number lt GPS time gt GPS time in week in seconds Reference time
25. means 8 Position the cursor on the P icon and from any location press the Yes key to store the P point as a point surveyed through offset procedure 4 32 DSNP Operating Instructions on the Rover Unit Surveying target points Staking Out e Associated Help menu during offset procedures The same Help menu is available when surveying a planned point through either of the available offset procedures elp i 2 Yes Accept Cle Delete all Esc Abandon Displayed by pressing F1 removed by pressing Esc Press the Yes key to access the log screen when you are ready to log the position of P1 or P2 or to log P Press the V key to view the characteristics of the selected point on the guidance chart Press the S key if you want to enable or disable the palmtop buzzer this command is available in linear offset only Press the Del key if you want to delete the selected point P1 or P2 and resume the logging of this point Press the Clr key if you want to resume the offset procedure from the beginning P1 and P2 deleted DSNP 4 33 4 Operating Instructions on the Rover Unit Logging points 4 34 Logging points At any time during a job you can log the position of any point In what follows it is assumed that a job and a file have been previously opened see page 4 11 General case 1 Come back to the main menu select il and then choose Logging 2 The log screen appears U
26. see page 4 34 4 While maintaining the GPS antenna mast in position press the F3 key Stay immobile until the buzzer bleeps waiting time depends on chosen averaging time 5 After P1 logging select the P1P distance field upper right and enter this distance e g 15 25 m The screen now looks like this linear of fset _ Pa 15 25m Can only be completed by the system DSNP DSNP Operating Instructions on the Rover Unit Logging points 6 Walk to P2 Choose it to be aligned with P1 and P Stay immobile at this point 7 Press the Yes key to access the log screen same log context as in Logging general case see page 4 34 8 While maintaining the GPS antenna mast in position press the F3 key Stay immobile until the buzzer bleeps waiting time depends on chosen averaging time After P2 logging the rover unit computes the other distances represented on the screen For example at the end of the procedure your screen looks like this inear offset E 9 Position the cursor on the P icon and from any location press the Yes key to store the P point as a point surveyed through offset procedure e Lateral Offset Procedure In what follows it is assumed that a job and a file have been previously opened see page 4 After marking P1 and P2 in the field and after measuring the two distances to P do the following 1 Come back to the main menu select Logging
27. starts blinking when you press the button if the receiver is connected to a power source From the end of the self tests the light is permanently ON used to access the different data screens available from the status display Activates the screen light for 30 seconds whenever depressed A long press on the Scroll push button allows you to return to screen No 0 If the receiver is used as a rover unit the indicator light nested in the button provides the following information ON Data recording on PCMCIA in progress OFF No data recording If the receiver is used at a base station the indicator light nested in the button provides information about the possible planned sessions or session in progress as soon as you connect the receiver to the power source DSNP Unpacking amp Description GNSS receiver description Blinking A session is programmed to be run at a later time amp date A few minutes before starting the session the receiver will be automatically turned on unless meanwhile this is made manually by the operator who presses the ON OFF button or unless the power supply mode has been set to MPW refer to Appendix D for more information about this parameter ON An operating or recording session is in progress The other indicator light is necessarily ON OFF No pending session The receiver will be powered only manually by using the ON OFF button Status Display 2 linex16 ch
28. the results of the job these results appear directly on the map All the points for which solutions are now available are selected see Graphic Conventions used in page 5 3 If no project is open in the KISS window or if the open project is incompatible with the results of the job the PCMCIA will restore the job as it was written earlier this JOB file is still present on the PCMCIA and you will be asked to save this data as a new project Then KISS will restore the solutions of the points surveyed during the job On transfer completion a warning message will appear if particular events occurred during the transfer in relation with the transfer options chosen for KISS Kiss There are warnings Would you like to see log file The message will prompt you to open the log file so that you can be informed of the nature of these events If you click the Yes button the log file will be opened using the WordPad text editor of Windows95 Outside this particular context you cannot open the log file from KISS If you need to open it at another moment use Windows explorer the log file is stored in 3SPack bin under the name kiss log If raw data files are present on the PCMCIA raw data was recorded by the roving unit during the job then they will be copied automatically to the corresponding project folder DSNP Downloading field data Graphic Conventions Graphic Conventions The color of any icon changes whe
29. 89 4 Operating Instructions on the Rover Unit Tools box Measuring the surface of an area This function allows you to compute any surface defined by points that you specify The surface is defined taking into account the order in which you select points If the perimeter you define in this way intersects with itself the computed surface is equal to the difference of the two surfaces then created in absolute value The system will compute The system will compute the surface of the A area A B screen which then appears allows you to ene the points defining an area irea calcu a 4 90 DSNP Operating Instructions on the Rover Unit Tools box Associated Help menu 3 screens Displayed by pressing F1 removed by pressing Esc Press PgUp or PgDn to change help menu elp 1 3 Yes Compute Insert a point F Insert points Del Delete a point Clr Delete all points Search elp 2 3 VY View N Next point p Geocode 4 next point G Geocode display View 2 Esc aR Calculer Computes the engendered surface Insert a point Inserts a point in the definition of the surface Insert points Inserts points in the definition of the surface Delete a point Removes a point from the definition of the surface Delete all points Removes all points from the definition of the surface Search Press the S key to search for a new point to be continued i
30. Nori value gt lt unit code gt lt eoln gt 3 lt Ko value gt lt eoln gt 1st line Number of projection type used possibly followed by the name of the projection 2nd line Lori Gori latitude and longitude of origin angles Eori Nori projected XY coordinates of origin distances angle unit code and distance unit code no separator in between 3rd line Ko Scale factor a coefficient G 16 DSNP DSNP Results files in ASCII SVAR format Altimetric parameters Altimetric parameters n successive lines are required to describe the altimetric parameters whose identifier is lt n gt 1 lt valuel gt lt value2 gt lt value3 gt lt altitude file name gt lt eoln gt 2 lt valuel gt lt value2 gt lt value3 gt lt value4 gt lt value5 gt lt eoln gt 1 lt valuel gt lt value2 gt and lt value3 gt stand for the data held by the command PDAS ALTI interpretable by GNSS receivers lt valuel gt _ altitude processing mode 0 with MSL alti alti wess4 MSL corrections offset alt 1 without MSL alt alt wosg4 corrections offset alt 2 without MSL alti alti ctipsoia corrections offset alt 3 with local model lt value2 gt _ Offset altitude with respect to reference surface lt value3 gt User correction 0 none 1linear local altimetry lt altitude file name gt file name 8 characters a DOS compliant name G Results files in ASCII SVAR forma
31. Resolve Radio TV Interference Problems This booklet is available from the U S Government Printing Office Washington DC 20402 Stock No 004 000 00345 4 Use of a shielded cable is required to comply within Class B limits of Part 15 of FCC Rules Pursuant to Part 15 21 of the FCC Rules any changes or modifications to this equipment not expressly approved by DSNP may cause harmful interference and void the FCC authorization to operate this equipment DSNP makes no warranty of any kind with regard to this equipment including but not limited to the implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose DSNP shall not be liable for errors contained herein or for incidental consequential damages in connection with the furnishing performance or use of this equipment This manual contains proprietary information which is protected by copyright All rights are reserved No part of this document may be photocopied reproduced or translated into another language without the prior written consent of DSNP The information contained in this manual is subject to change without notice Scorpio 600x xK Series User s Manual How to use this Manual How to use this Manual Section 1 covers equipment unpacking and description for both base station and rover unit Section 2 tells you how to prepare a project using the KISS software Section 3 provides all the instructions required to install and run a base station
32. Scorpio 600x xK Series User s Manual Appendices SBIN R Dual frequency GPS pseudoranges in satellite time F 4 SBIN A Almanac Data cccccccccccccccccceccceeceeecececeeeeeseneeeeenanens F 9 SBIN E Ephemeris data ccccccceccecessesceceeseneeesssseeeesseeaeess F 10 SBIN U lONO UTC data ccc cccccccccccccccccceceeeeeeeeneeeeeeeseneneeenens F 11 SBIN S Health amp A S data ooo ccccccccccccccccccececeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeanass F 11 G Results files in ASCII SVAR format cccccccceesssssnnees G 1 File Header ec icca avs cn seceadaccpasec bed cnc tuceapuvadhedeenadedvensackedcwbemeecienaeeents G 1 POMS S tesina aia aa an reaa aea E A G 2 Kinematic re initialiZation cccccccceeeeeeeeeceeceeeeeeeeeeeeeaeeeeeeeeeeees G 8 Dat Merenai aiaa a i a E ade aia G 9 Projection parameters eee cee eee eee e cree eee aeeeeeaeeeeeeeeeas G 9 Tangent conical projection Lambert cccceetseeseeeeeeeeees G 11 Secant conical projection Lambert cecceeseeeeeeeeteeeeeeeeees G 12 UTM projection Universal Transverse Mercator c e G 13 Oblique cylindrical projection Skew Orthomorphic G 14 Oblique cylindrical projection Rectified Skew Orthomorphic G 15 Oblique stereographic projection Skew Stereographic G 16 Altimetric parameters sesionin naana aa a G 17 UNI CODS siiani aaa a EE RREA G 18 RES file example extracts c cccceeeeeceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeaee
33. Target East Target North Target Height From the For Operator combo box enter or select the name of the operator in charge of the job in the field The list of known operators is defined in the Options dialog box General tab Click the OK button to write the job to the PCMCIA card The file extension of a job file on PCMCIA is JOB Ca 2 14 DSNP DSNP Operating Instructions at the base station Station installation 3 Operating Instructions at the base station Station installation Although installing a base station is rather an easy operation you should however be very careful in every detail of the installation Indeed how and where you install the base station and the antennas will greatly determine the level of performance you can expect from it You do not need particular tool but your usual tool box Choosing a location where to install a base station Remember the station should be installed in a place clear of any devices likely to produce radio frequency interference or multipath effects GPS antenna Consider the following two requirements in the choice of a location for the GPS antenna the first one having priority over the second For best reception install the GPS antenna at a safe distance from high power antennas and radio transmitters Choose a place providing a 360 degree view of the horizon To save time in your surveys you should better install the GPS antenna at an acc
34. at base station D 17 Initialize Guidance 4 23 Intersection offset 4 37 Invert Axes 4 23 J Jobs and files distinction 4 11 K Kalman filter C 2 KART fix rate B 8 KART principle C 1 KISS module 2 1 L Lateral offset 4 27 4 36 Light front panel screen light 1 8 Linear offset 4 26 4 36 Load Geodesy D 29 Position from PCMCIA to base station D 10 Loading coordinate system to base station D 11 Local Grid D 30 G 5 LR Kinematic accuracy B 7 LR Rapid Static accuracy B 7 LRK principle C 4 M Magnified view around the target 4 2 Measuring a surface 4 90 Measuring the distance between 2 points 4 61 DSNP Menus Function 4 6 D 2 Help 4 7 D 3 Main 4 6 D 2 N Notepad 4 62 4 83 4 93 D 22 O ON OFF pushbutton 1 8 3 7 3 8 4 4 Orbits A 1 OTF B 8 P Palmtop 1 13 Configuration H 20 Connecting 3 8 Humidity indicator strip 1 14 NiCd batteries battery cap 1 13 1 15 Re format disk H 24 Reset H 23 Software loading H 21 Temperature range 1 14 Trickle charged internal battery 1 14 Upgrading station software H 22 PCMCIA 1 10 1 11 1 12 Load coord system from 3 9 Saving files from 5 14 POINT 4 78 POWER connectors 1 10 Power source Batteries for Rover unit 1 16 Drain B 5 Swap 1 10 Voltage range B 5 Product applications B 3 Profile definition 4 47 DSNP Scorpio 600x xK Series User s Manual Index Project Create 2 1
35. block type is predefined DSNP E 5 Notation rules used in SVAR and SBIN formats SBIN Error check rule The message content is checked for transmission error through two checksum bytes the values of which result from the sum of all bytes modulo 2 8 from lt stb gt excluded to lt checksum gt excluded Rule about numerals Unless otherwise specified Numerals are expressed in binary with fixed decimal point The notation of signed numbers meets the rule of the 2 s complement Ca E 6 DSNP GPS Raw Data in SBIN format SBIN R Single frequency GPS pseudoranges in satellite time F GPS Raw Data in SBIN format SBIN R Single frequency GPS pseudoranges in satellite time e General form lt stb gt lt R gt 2 bytes lt long gt 2 bytes lt time tagging gt 5 bytes lt parameters gt 1 byte lt Raw Data 1stSV gt 14 bytes lt Raw Data last SV gt 14 bytes lt checksum gt 2 bytes lt etb gt 1 byte e Time tagging First 2 bytes GPS week number assuming the modulo 2 ambiguity is removed Last 3 bytes GPS time in week unit 1 10 s The reference time is jan 6 1980 at OhrO0 e Parameters A single byte Bits 0 and 1 Code smoothed by carrier according to RTCM message No 19 DSNP F 1 GPS Raw Data in SBIN format SBIN R Single frequency GPS pseudoranges in satellite time Bit 2 Bit3 Bits 4to6 Bit 7 e Satellite Raw Data 1st byte Next 4 bytes Next
36. data of the same nature The term numerical value encompasses all types of possible encodings binary decimal hexadecimal The term number used without any further indication stands for a decimal number base 10 The term label stands for an ASCII character string General form lt stx gt lt eoln gt lt sobk gt lt gt lt time tagging line gt lt eoln gt lt soln gt lt gt lt 1st data line gt lt eoln gt lt soln gt lt gt lt nth data line gt lt eoln gt lt etx gt The count and type of data in any given line are predefined which means that the count of separators lt gt is invariable Any data missing or replaced by one or more spaces means that this data is not available Rule about numerals A zero value is assumed to be valid Spaces placed before or after numerals are not significant There cannot be spaces within a numeral E 2 DSNP Notation rules used in SVAR and SBIN formats SVAR The following formats are usable decimal decimal separator is the symbol It is always preceded by at least one figure 25 is written 0 25 and followed by at least one figure otherwise the integer notation is used integer particular case of decimal notation without separator floating exponent character is E example 6 2512E3 6251 2 signed signs are placed at the beginning of the mantissa and after the exponent character A numeral with no sign is assum
37. denoting auto tests in progress Autotest D 6 DSNP Base Station Control Getting started At the end of the auto tests the antenna height screen automatically appears This is to suggest you not to forget to enter this very important parameter this screen is described in page D 8 Then press the Esc key to access the main menu Station Control File Management Antenna Memory Position Raw Data UHF transmission Sessions Inactive icon Averaging a ii i hep 6882 SK i 02 02 998 5 gt 17 54 51 y 12 5 SV Visible Satellite deselecting constellation Geodesy Datum Projection Change to WGS84 Load Geodesy Local grid Height correction System Tools Time Configuration Unit Release Use the vertical or horizontal arrow keys T 4 gt lt to select an icon The selected icon is surrounded by dotted lines Press 4 to validate your selection or press the corresponding numeral key as a shortcut DSNP D 7 D Base Station Control Station Control Station Control From the main menu select S Press 1 The following function menu then appears Station Control Position Transmitter Average position Each of these functions is described below Antenna This function allows you to enter the measurement you have made after installing the GPS antenna in the f
38. describing a reference point Inthe General tab of any dialog box describing a target point Inthe Edit menu Import Target and Export Target commands DSNP 2 7 Preparing a project 2 8 Placing reference points on the map Placing reference points on the map With your project now open in the KISS window do the following Inthe toolbar click l or from the Draw menu select the Reference points command Move the mouse pointer then a 9 onto the map where you want to create a new reference point In the lower part of the window the status bar helps you locate the point accurately on the map by giving the current coordinates of the mouse pointer as you move it within the window 300801 462 199717 123 NUM When the mouse pointer is at the desired location click with the left mouse button This causes a dialog box to appear in which you should complete the definition of the point Name Keep the default name of the reference point or type another name Code 1 code 4 Optional Enter or select a geocode from each of these combo boxes The list of available geocodes is the one you can define from the KISS Options dialog box General tab Note that if you place the pointer on the down arrow of any of these combo boxes the meaning of the selected geocode will appear in a tip box Target Result Error radio buttons At this stage only the Target radio button is checked as the field survey is stil
39. distances in excess of 10 to 15 km for a medium latitude Generally such distances can be covered with the KART even though longer initialization times are required Data transmission and the techniques implemented to provide a reliable link from the reference station to the mobile The traditional UHF DGPS systems from DSNP have a long record of field proven reliability in excess of the requirements of the KART To sum up it is advisable to install both the GPS and UHF antennas of the reference station at a location clear of any obstructions and high enough to cover the area of interest and preclude any multipath effects that otherwise might affect the performance of the system Even if the UHF link allows operations over longer ranges initializations should be performed within no more than 10 to 15 km of the reference station KART C 3 KART LRK General Principles LRK LRK The advantages of using the two GPS frequencies lie in that this makes it possible to cover longer ranges and cut down the initialization time while increasing the reliability of the initialization process As far as maximum range is concerned the uncorrelation of ionospheric errors no longer prohibits operations more than 15 km away from the reference station We can compensate for uncorrelation by combining the measurements taken on L1 and L2 ionospheric delays are inversely proportional to the squared frequency Then the remaining lim
40. during the guidance phase 2 screens Displayed by pressing F1 removed by pressing Esc Press PgUp or PgDn to change help menu elp i 2 Invert axes North Yes Stake out Clr Initialize guidance Pgllp Zoon out Polu Zoom in elp 2 2 A Accurate point Invert Axes On guidance chart North Changes definition of vertical axis on 5m 0 5mand 0 15 m charts Stake Out see next page R Real time point Initialize Guidance Deletes trace on left hand chart Zoom Out Zoom In Allows you to perform zoom in zoom out operations on the guidance chart Zooming in is automatic from the initial view down to 0 50 m scale intermediate scale 5 m as you approach the target Switching to 0 15 m scale can only be manual by pressing the PgDn key On the contrary zooming out is only obtained by pressing the PgUp key Accurate point Chooses this solution to be used for guidance accurate point computed every second Real time point Chooses this solution to be used for guidance solution available every 0 5 seconds slightly noisier than the accurate point NOTE The Accurate solution is always the only position solution logged whatever the point you choose for guidance Accurate or real time 4 23 4 Operating Instructions on the Rover Unit Surveying target points Staking Out 6 Press the Yes key to access the log screen The following parameters can be changed if requ
41. geocode 4 12 characters max lt labell6 gt comment 48 characters max lt labell17 gt recording local time 26 11 97 18 51 59 2 Line containing ground position in local coordinates 3 line containing ECEF position of antenna phase centre This line contains the ECEF position of the antenna phase center when logging the point or the ECEF position of the antenna phase center in the case of an offset logged point G 4 DSNP Results files in ASCII SVAR format Points list 4 Offset line lt value41 gt P1 to P distance if point type is 12 13 22 23 32 or33 lt value42 gt P2to P distance if point type is 12 13 22 23 32 or33 lt value43 gt Offset direction 1 to the right 1 to the left if point type is 13 23 or 33 lt value44 gt Not used lt value45 gt Not used lt value46 gt Antenna height 6 Deviations from user local grid lt ELO gt Origin local easting lt NLO gt Origin local Northing lt DE gt Easting deviation lt DN gt Northing deviation lt BETA gt User local grid rotation angle lt K gt Scale factor DSNP G 5 Results files in ASCII SVAR format Points list 9 Qualification line lt SDE gt lt CEN gt lt SDN gt lt CEH gt lt CNHs gt lt SDH gt lt MU gt lt N gt lt Q gt G 6 Easting standard deviation Easting Northing correlation Northing standard deviation Easting Height correlation Northi
42. height correction At the end of the computation the deviations between the theoretical heights of the reference points and those obtained with the computed vertical system are provided opposite the point names The closer to 0 00 these deviations the better the computed vertical system Linear correction refi a m Point 7 e Phase 3 validating the new vertical system 11 Press the Esc key to come back to the screen displaying the characteristics of the vertical system 12 Position the cursor in the Correction field and select Yes This validates the new vertical system Screen example inear correction Correction Fi 1 243 47916 B6 2612 N E 27 2983 H 8 2 2664 i 373325 1 29 End of procedure 4 58 DSNP Operating Instructions on the Rover Unit Ancillary procedures Ancillary procedures Working on the results of the job point 3 A new screen now appears showing the list of surveyed points Small icons are used to help you identify the type of each point surveyed Screen examples Number of points in the file Logged a airle Current job s name reference point i pef3 ee vef4 target pomt gt I CIRCLE PT 6 g E 204 E3 204 i Logged point gt E 4 2504 ui HO 294 Geocode the one you fee heres chose to display 18 circle 2 E5 204 Offset procedure 06 204 ee poine d 16 204 P2 point 2 L 2 6 294 Trajectory
43. indicator Bits 0 to 4 cumulative loss of continuity indicator complies with RTCM message No 18 counter modulo 32 incremented every time the continuity of the carrier phase measurement is lost Bits 5 to 7 data quality indicator complies with RTCM message No 18 000 phase error lt 0 00391 cycle 001 phase error lt 0 00696 cycle 010 phase error lt 0 01239 cycle 011 phase error lt 0 02208 cycle 100 phase error lt 0 03933 cycle 101 phase error lt 0 07006 cycle 110 phase error lt 0 12480 cycle 111 phase error gt 0 12480 cycle DSNP F 7 GPS Raw Data in SBIN format SBIN R Dual frequency GPS pseudoranges in satellite time Last byte P Y code quality indicator Bits 0 to 3 pseudorange multipath error indicator complies with RTCM message No 19 1111 multipath error not determined Bits 4 to 7 pseudorange data quality indicator complies with RTCM message No 19 0000 0001 0010 0011 0100 0101 0110 0111 1000 1001 1010 1011 1100 1101 1110 1111 pseudorange error lt 0 020 pseudorange error lt 0 030 pseudorange error lt 0 045 pseudorange error lt 0 066 pseudorange error lt 0 099 pseudorange error lt 0 148 pseudorange error lt 0 220 pseudorange error gt 0 329 pseudorange error lt 0 491 pseudorange error lt 0 732 pseudorange error lt 1 092 pseudorange error lt 1 629 pseudoran
44. menus A few keys and menu types need to be known for best use of the Palmtop Software program DSNP 4 5 4 Operating Instructions on the Rover Unit Introduction to Palmtop Software e Main menu screen The main menu shows the 6 groups of functions available in the oe of icons see below 2 3 ip SCORPIO L Pipa 6802 SK 26 01 99 J to 10 33 18 i 11 90 im Use the vertical or horizontal arrow keys T 4 gt lt to select an icon The selected icon is surrounded by dotted lines Then press to enter the corresponding function Alternately you can directly enter a function by pressing the corresponding numeral key see figures 1 to 6 in the screen example above e Function menus They are displayed after selecting an icon in the main menu and pressing Function menu example y l 0 Position Satellites AUN 4 y deselection Using the vertical arrow keys select a function in the menu and then press again to run this function Alternately you can directly run a function by pressing the corresponding numeral key se figures in the screen example above You can directly go from the Function menu of an icon to that of the next or previous one by pressing gt or lt 4 6 DSNP DSNP Operating Instructions on the Rover Unit Introduction to Palmtop Software e Help menus There is a Help menu specific to almost each function listing all the commands
45. module It is assumed that the DSNP 3SPack software package has been properly installed and the dongle allowing the PC to run that package has been connected to the parallel port For detailed information on how to install 3SPack and how to use KISS please refer to the corresponding manual 3SPack Reference Manual Part No 0311366 Creating a project Assuming KISS is now running on your PC do the following Inthe Toolbar click SN from the menu bar select File and then New or double click on the following icon in the Projects window s Project Wizard Start defining your project by completing the Project Wizard Welcome Dialog Box which then appears DSNP 2 1 Preparing a project Creating a project Project Enter the project name Region Enter the region name optional Center Easting Enter the Easting of the center point Center Northing Enter the Northing of the center point Scale Choose a pre defined value from the combo box or type another value in the text box Distances in Choose the distance unit from this combo box meters US feet or imperial feet Angles In Choose the angle unit from this combo box degrees or grades Notes text box Add comments or recommendations of any kind which you want to associate to this project optional Then click the Next gt button Complete the Project Wizard Horizontal System Dialog Box which then appears In usual cases you just have to select a
46. next page 4 12 DSNP Operating Instructions on the Rover Unit Getting started 04 05 99 That Bob t carquefo 2 000n m D Enter the following parameters Job name 12 characters max current time amp date are prompted by default in the format mmddhhmm Operator s name your name Name of the working area optional Any useful comment or note for the job optional Height of the GPS antenna above the ground Apart from the Name field the default properties prompted for the new job are those of the previously chosen job this applies to the Date field as well On the other hand the coordinate system assigned to the new job will necessarily be the one currently used in the receiver without any possibility to change it The Date field can only be completed by software When you create a new job this field contains the creation date amp time of the previously chosen job Later on when you view the properties of the job being created then this field will contain the creation date amp time of the job you are creating Press the F1 key to display the Help menu and select Store by pressing F3 this causes the new job to be created you can also press F3 directly elp F3 Store Esc Abandon F Quit The palmtop then comes back to the Choose a job screen on which you can see the name of the job you have just created DSNP 4 13 4 Operating Instructions on the Rover U
47. points See next page Delete a point Press the Del key to remove the selected point from the profile Delete all points Press the Clr to remove all the points currently making up the profile Search Press the S key to search for a new point to be continued in page 4 64 View Press the V key to view the definition of the selected point Next point Press the N key to select the point you defined as the next point see below Configure next point Press the P key to define the nature of the next point to be continued in page 4 63 Geocode display Allows you to choose which geocode 1 2 3 or 4 should be displayed in the list of points View 2D Projects the locations of the points onto a plane see page 4 69 This view accurately shows the distribution of the points in the two dimensional XY space Help i 3 Yes Guidance I Insert a point F Insert points Del Delete a point Cle Delete all points Search elp 2 3 View y N Next point P Configure next point G Geocode display View 2D Esc Abandon 4 48 DSNP DSNP Operating Instructions on the Rover Unit Guidance along a profile 2 Press the F key or the I key for a point by point selection to create the list of points forming the profile The following dialog box ues After making a selection press the Yes key If you pressed the F key another dialog box appears asking you to specify the type of selection you want
48. receivers to provide the mobile with corrections generated at the station DSNP B 3 B Introduction to the DSNP Scorpio 6000 series Product Selection Guide Product Selection Guide 6001 6002 6001 6002 MP amp SP MP amp SP MK amp SK MK amp SK Software options Upgrade Real time upgrade s KART Real time upgrade VA LRK Hardware Options Additional battery VA pack Additional battery charger Tripod and tribrach B 4 DSNP Introduction to the DSNP Scorpio 6000 series Specifications Specifications Physical Dimensions in mm Weight in kg HxWxD without battery 6001 MP or SP 130x260x220 Oo o a O 6002 MP or SP 130x260x220 8B 3 5 3 5 6001 SK 130x260x250 4 5 with UHF transmitter 3 7 45 3 7 6001 MK 130x260x220 with UHF receiver 6002 SK 130x260x250 with UHF transmitter 6002 MK 130x260x220 with UHF receiver With plug in UHF transmitter Electrical Power Drain DC Power voltage range in W in V 6001 MP or SP ae 10 to 15 6002 MP or SP 10 to 15 10 to 15 11 17 6002 SK 10 to 15 With 4 W radiated power DSNP B 5 B Introduction to the DSNP Scorpio 6000 series Specifications Environmental Receiver operating temperature all receivers 20 C to 55 C except for 600x xK 10 C to 55 C Receiver storage temperature 40 C to 70 C GPS Antenna operating temperature 40 C to 70 C UHF Ante
49. s OR lt aN ow w o A o SV number Correction value Correction speed inm in m s H 8 DSNP Troubleshooting amp Software Installation GNSS Receiver Status Display Screen No 8 Firmware installed The first line indicates the serial number of the receiver Each of the next lines identifies a firmware option installed in the receiver The number of subscreens for screen No 8 will depend on the number of options installed Display example 1st screen 1st line Receiver identification LEC 2 00145 OP01 DGNSSMODE Option number and identification OP02 REFSTATION 600x Sx an option for 600x Mx OP03 KARTMODE 6002 OP04 LRKMODE 6002 an option for 6001 OP05 USERGEOID not available yet OP06 RECORDING OP07 QA QC not available yet OP08 EDGPS DSNP H 9 H Troubleshooting amp Software Installation GNSS Receiver Status Display Screen No 9 Hardware and Software identification Each subassembly in the receiver is described on a subscreen Display examples Data Link fee EUHFV10300 or foe RUHFV10300 GNSS Engine KaUCO1 UCBNV2020 4 l l Hardware Software identification identification H 10 DSNP Troubleshooting amp Software Installation GNSS Receiver Front Panel Indicators GNSS
50. target point press the V key then the PgDn key Directly from either of these screens you can view the equivalent screen for the next previous top of list or end of list point by respectively pressing 7 4 Home or End 4 18 DSNP Operating Instructions on the Rover Unit Surveying target points Staking Out 3 Using the vertical arrow keys PgUp PgDn or Home End move the cursor to a target point you want to go to and press A new screen appears providing visual instructions to help you walk to this point First North Direction defined then after your by the target and first steps your position when i tovare the ou selected the arget average A target direction of walk Name of the point being A A surveyed the Distance l l target to target Target CIRCLE PT 6 om I Across line distance sign deduced from orientation of X axis Along line distance if you iti Height deviation pass the Y our current position be ween vourand point the target The leftmost chart will trace your walk to the target starting from the position where you were start position when you selected that point On this chart the target point is represented by a immobile throughout the procedure Your position is represented by a 4 DSNP 4 19 4 Operating Instructions on the Rover Unit Surveying target points Staking Out The vertical axis represents the direction
51. the approximate solution so the actual solution does not risk being left outside a search volume that may be improperly estimated No statistical analysis on multiple solutions No Kalman filter or statistical analysis More generally no stochastic models or statistical distributions need to be a priori determined The methods based on statistical tests are naturally attractive but they are only efficient on condition that the stochastic models can be determined properly Unfortunately it is very difficult to determine precise models for the errors affecting the GPS measurements The multipath effects or the propagation errors to name but a few are not easy to evaluate As a result the so called optimal methods are not so optimal in practice as they are to much dependent on the a priori models DSNP DSNP KART LRK General Principles Characteristics The maximum range and the initialization time are the main two aspects to be considered in order to achieve the best possible results with a real time kinematic system The maximum range is defined as the maximum distance from the reference station within which the user will fully benefit from the performance of the system Two major factors may affect the maximum range Physical phenomena in the case of KART just like in any single frequency system the maximum range is mostly limited by the uncorrelation of ionospheric errors This phenomenon is significant at
52. to do All you want to select all the points from the selected list P1 P2 you want to select all the points between two points which you have then to specify these two points will also be part of the selection By name you want to select all points whose names include a string that you must specify use if necessary By geocode you want to select all points whose geocodes include a string that you must specify use the wild card symbol if necessary 4 49 4 Operating Instructions on the Rover Unit Guidance along a profile 4 Once the profile has been defined press the Yes key to let the system compute and display guidance instructions helping you walk along each segment of the profile Example of screen then obtained Direction defined by the orientation of the segment you are following North A Segment s arrival point CERCLE PT 11 Cross track error sign if you are on the left of the is segment Your current Z position 2 1994 distance to Segment gt 22 775 18 arrival point projected onto segment E Distance to start point projected onto Segment s start point segment CERCLE PT 9 Associated Help menu Displayed by pressing F1 removed by pressing Esc Logging see page 4 34 Trajecto distance See page 4 43 l Trajecto time See page 4 43 elp Next profile Press the Up key to display the next segment on lef
53. up to 4 assign a different number to each station Data choose the type of data transmitted by the base station LRK DSNP C P DSNP C Press 4 again to validate all these parameters Press the E key to enable the station to transmit resulting status word on the screen ON later from this screen you will press the S key to disable transmission DSNP 3 13 Operating Instructions at the base station Programming the base station Quick Procedure e Programming the recording of raw data on PCMCIA programming operating sessions See Appendix D 3 14 DSNP Operating Instructions on the Rover Unit Preparing for a field survey 4 Operating Instructions on the Rover Unit Preparing for a field survey Assembling the various parts After inspecting all the parts provided in the container see Unpacking page 1 1 proceed as shown above 1 Secure the palmtop on its holder 2 Insert the pointed end of the telescopic pole into the hole of the palmtop support 3 Secure the support somewhere on the telescopic pole so that the palmtop be at a proper height i e adapted to your own height 4 With a thumb depress the quick release button on the support and insert the tipped end of the palmtop holder into the support Release the button DSNP 4 1 Operating Instructions on the Rover Unit Preparing for a field survey 5 Secure the quick release adapter in the lower part of the GPS antenn
54. 076601 as described below The meter kit is composed of a tape measure and a measuring arm Insert the measuring arm into the mast just under the antenna base plane Insert the tape hook into the measuring arm upper point Unwind the tape and place the tip onto the landmark lower point Write down the value read on the scale This value will be entered later as the antenna height with the DSNP measure option selected see page 3 8 Measuring the GPS antenna height for transportation use Insert this end this recess to secure the into the mast 5 arm on the tape Measuring arm Tape measure Operating Instructions at the base station Measuring the GPS antenna height DSNP measurement Upper point m Tape oblique 3 Lower point USER measurement Knowing the location of the phase center in the GPS antenna you can measure its height above the landmark with your own method If you find it easier you can split the height measurement into two distinct vertical components which you measure one after the other DSNP 3 5 Operating Instructions at the base station Measuring the GPS antenna height For example you can measure the height of the phase center above an arbitrary mark on the mast 1st measurement and then measure the height of this mark above the land mark 2nd measurement You just need to use the tape measure for this
55. 1 the numerical string as it creates the points if there is no numerical string then the name suffix will be in the form 1 2 etc Help menu associated with the above two screens Displayed by pressing F1 removed by pressing Esc elp F3 Stove F Get end point Esc Abandon F4 Quit DSNP 4 67 4 Operating Instructions on the Rover Unit Ancillary procedures If you want to define the end of the line by specifying a particular point then press the F key Get end point In the dialog box which then appears select the kind of point you want to use Kind of point ra Reference Then press Yes The list of points corresponding to the chosen type of point appears on the screen Choose the desired point and press Yes The screen should now look like this Create a line t Name of chosen point This point provides the location of the end of the line Finally press F3 to store the line As a result a series of points is created according to the definition of this line 4 68 DSNP DSNP Operating Instructions on the Rover Unit Ancillary procedures Viewing points on a plane 2D view Within the context of page 4 7 or 4 60 pressing the M key causes a view to appear showing the points projected onto a plane hence a 2 D view is obtained This view depicts the geometrical distribution of the points in the working area View example ame and location of the point currentl
56. 4410 3802 112923 6562 4662112 5439 1 4 77 2 0000 1 9 0 0082 0 0000 0 0088 0 0000 0 0000 0 0088 0 0 000 1 71 1 A 55 4334382 4500 112977 7600 4662151 0700 1 Trajectory in distance mode 1 m 1I 991 225589 6 1 50 16 11 traj d 1m traj dist 1m depuis pt3 05 01 99 15 39 33 2 310385 8069 259142 1892 32 5995 1 1 3 4334393 5125 112926 9516 4662128 7296 1 4 rrr2 0000 1 1 9 0 0133 0 0176 0 0270 1 61 1 A 55 4334382 4500 112977 7600 4662151 0700 11 991 225601 4 1 50 17 12 traj d 1lm traj dist 1m depuis pt3 05 01 99 15 39 33 2 310386 7175 259141 6349 32 6818 1 1 3 4334393 9668 112926 0265 4662128 4444 1 A pg ey SOOO Ly 1 9 0 0126 0 0166 0 0253 1 61 1 A 55 4334382 4500 112977 7600 4662151 0700 DSNP Troubleshooting amp Software Installation GNSS Receiver Status Display H Troubleshooting amp Software Installation GNSS Receiver Status Display H Introduction The GNSS receiver used at the base station or as the rover unit is fitted with a 2 line x 16 character display which allows you to check its current operating status A Scroll push button on the front panel allows you to access the different data available from this display When you turn on the receiver the following message appears on the status display until the self tests are complete DASSAULT SERCEL GNSS RECEIVER Then the status display changes as the receiver status changes Ten
57. Export results 5 13 Post process 5 14 Preparing PCMCIA cards 2 13 Reference points 2 8 Target points 2 10 Project Wizard Horizontal System 2 2 Project Wizard Welcome 2 1 Real time point 4 23 Receiver holder 1 5 Recorders 600x xP B 1 Release D 33 Remaining Points 2 13 Results RES file example G 19 Rover unit Preparing for field survey 4 1 Rover unit assembly 1 3 RS232 connectors 1 10 RS422 connector 1 10 S S N ratio view 4 76 D 25 Scroll pushbutton 1 8 H 1 Self tests 1 8 H 1 Sessions D 18 As reported on status display H 6 Indicator light 1 8 1 9 programmed D 18 Run sequence at base station D 20 Shift F1 key combination 4 8 4 83 D 4 Shoulder straps 1 4 Space segment A 1 Standalone mode 4 94 Scorpio 600x xK Series User s Manual Index Standard features B 6 STATIC 4 78 Station characteristics 3 10 3 13 Station container 1 5 Station control software Antenna function D 8 Average position function D 13 Getting started 4 9 D 6 Position function D 9 Transmitter function D 12 Status display 1 8 1 9 3 7 H 1 Straight GPS 3 10 D 10 Surface 4 90 SV Deselection D 26 System Tools D 32 T Targets and target points 2 7 Time D 32 Trajectory 4 43 Transmit indicator D 1 U UHF antenna location 3 2 UHF coverage B amp UHF receiver B 5 B 6 UHF transmission mode 3 7 UHF transmitter 1 10 B 5 B 7 Unit code G 18 Units used 4 94 Us
58. Manual Appendices Appendices A Introduction to GNSS ess ceccciisetscsedscusscsivevncesknnesncensoviveczvanne A 1 GPS Constellation cccccccccsccecessneeeeeesneeeeeesaeeesessaeeeessseeseseaaes A 1 SIQIVAIS eirio aed eaei a aap E aai aeaa Ea aE EE A 2 Navigation Message ssessssessernessrnessennesnnnnuseenneennnnnntenneennnnne A 3 GNS G erarnan EEEE A 3 GENERAL DESCRIPTION c cccceeeceeeeeeneeeseeneeeeseneeeeesseeeeees A 3 PUNDOSC snina reacts dus sca tcsanense peed eE AEA EARE ESEESE REACER A 4 GNSS Conceptst inesventsidiiineasiiba die ETE A 5 The different systems cceeseseeeeeeeceeeseeeeeeeseeeneneaeeeeeseneeerseeaeens A 6 B Introduction to the DSNP Scorpio 6000 series B 1 Preamble waives nvctenssavetvevanavccnssaccevanachtinnaaeeeesbuasadcuhanevecvsaansaeansaceees B 1 The heart of your equipment ee eeeeeeeeeeteeeeeeeeeeeeeteteeeeeeeeeaeees B 2 Operating ENVIrONMENK ccceeceeeeceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeteaeeeeaeeeeneeees B 2 The clues to product naming in the Scorpio 6000 Series B 2 Product applications ccc eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeaeeeeeeaeeeeeeaeeeeseaaes B 3 Product Selection Guide cc ccccecceeeeeeeseeceeeeeseneeeenaeeseeeeeees B 4 SPeCifiCAtion erusin ainia anaiai ii B 5 PHYSICA N zise irpoc aeneis iei B 5 Electmical sire a a eA A AEEA B 5 Environmental aiie ea E EEEE ees B 6 Receiver unit standard features eeseeeesseeeeseneeeeeeeneeere
59. Part No 735076661 Adapter assembly composed of GAW600 Tripod adapter Part No 3310205 GAF 5 8 adapter Part No 3310206 FMP40 antenna mount kit Part No 3310115 Allen wrench for assembling the UHF antenna GPS antenna NAPO01 L1 Part No 26E107631 1 Meter Kit 2 parts or Part No 2612076601 NAP002 L1 L2 Part No 26E1076208 with 5 8 adapter Part No 724076577 Set of cables 1 power cable 2m Part No 605076503 1 RS232C cable 2m Part No 605076570 1 x 10 metre GPS coaxial cable TNC m TNC m Part No 5050196 1 x 6 50 metre UHF coaxial cable N m N m Part No 5050197 1 6 DSNP Unpacking amp Description 6001 2 SK Base Station Receiver holder Receiver Part No 26H1076468 Part No 751076466 or Receiver Part No 26H2076469 black rubber Plug in UHF transmitter Part No 26E1075203 Station stand Part No 26E1076942 consists of the receiver holder the metal support and small parts screws washers standoffs DSNP 1 7 Unpacking amp Description GNSS receiver description GNSS receiver description The GNSS receiver used both at the base station and as the rover unit is fitted with the following parts on its front and rear panels Front Panel e Front panel controls CD ON OFF push button 1 8 Scroll push button used to switch the receiver ON brief press or OFF long press The indicator light nested in this button
60. Programmed sessions are run once CYCL Programmed sessions will be repeated if this may happen IMME Immediate recording session in progress Data recorded on PCMCIA if option installed END All sessions are disabled or ends the immediate session H 6 DSNP Troubleshooting amp Software Installation GNSS Receiver Status Display Screen No 6 Information about corrections e Atthe base station i Display example Format type _ _ Frequency band DSNP Transmission U UHF band Beacon ld LRK baud rate Bd Transmit slot number Transmission frequency in MHz Number of slots in UHF band 1pps synchronous mode C0 0 free mode DSNP H 7 H Troubleshooting amp Software Installation GNSS Receiver Status Display e On the rover unit Display example Transmission baud rate Beacon Id Bd Frequency band U UHF band Signal Noise Receiving frequency ratio in MHz Screen No 7 Differential corrections Each line describes the correction to be applied to a measurement made from the satellite specified in the line Hence two corrections are shown on a subscreen and n subscreens will exist if 2n or 2n 1 corrections are computed received Display example Pseudorange Correction speed SV number Correction value in m in m
61. Receiver Front Panel Indicators ON OFF Scroll indicator indicator OFF OFF Receiver not powered If this status is obtained after pressing the ON OFF push button check power supply connection cable connectors power source power voltage rear panel fuse If connections are okay and this status is obtained after a period of operation status possible only at a base station this means that the receiver has completed the programmed sessions and the receiver is now OFF due to automatic power supply control H Self tests in progress initialization phase Buk the base station At base station only operating receiver due to manual power supply control Pending session OFF Flashing At base station only receiver in standby due to automatic power supply control Pending session Recording on PCMCIA in progress GNSS Receiver Error report Errors are reported on the status display on Screen No 1 Each error occupies a subscreen see Screen No l Error report chapter page H 3 DSNP H 11 H Troubleshooting amp Software Installation GNSS Receiver Error report Error families Errors are classified into families depending on the probable origin of error The table below summarizes the 11 different error families Family Error label number No errors Core Module Application Configuration roars Coordinate system GEODY O User Interface CT _ Fix processing D
62. Rover Unit Refining the coordinate system by surveying reference points 4 56 Press to access the Linear Tinear correction Press the C key Compute The Computing the vertical system height correction e Phase 1 surveying the known reference points and then Height soredion 6 sient convection On the screen which then appears Hl ipsoid mitt iT iti i Geoid No position the pointer on the ee dan wM Correction field Antenna 2 abon Correction correction screen Ha aona oo tiene Unless already done select No in this field compulsory elp C Compute Esc Abandon Quit Help menu associated with this screen Te pee correction screen now shows a list of blank reference points see opposite You have first to transfer true reference points to point this list For example if 3 reference points have been created in the job for the purpose of refining the coordinate system you should now transfer these 3 points to the above list to appear as the first 3 points in the list for Help 1 2 F3 Lo example gin F Caf a point fron file U Used not used Yes Compute iew Esc Abandon Associated Help menu DSNP Operating Instructions on the Rover Unit Refining the coordinate system by surveying reference points 4 Inthe list select Point 1 and then press the F key Get a point from file The list of reference points defined for the job now a
63. a 6 With a thumb depress the button on the quick release adapter and insert the top of the pole into the adapter Release the button 7 Give the GPS antenna the desired height by adjusting the length of the telescopic pole 8 Insert fresh battery packs into the battery compartment a single way possible for battery insertion 9 Do not forget to lock the battery compartment 10 Screw the UHF antenna on top of the mast and insert the mast into the dedicated location on the receiver holder 11 Make the necessary connections described in the next page 4 2 DSNP Operating Instructions on the Rover Unit Preparing for a field survey Connections Connect the end of the coaxial cable protruding from the belt to the GPS antenna Connect the end of the serial line cable protruding from the belt to the palmtop Make sure the palmtop is fitted with the NiCd battery pack Connect the end of the coaxial cable protruding from the UHF antenna mast to the DGPS input on receiver rear panel GPS antenna 0 dB UHF antenna whip DC power source from battery compartment connected to either POWER connector Telescopic pole RS232 Palmtop push pull connector Coaxial push pull connector Receiver Rear Panel DSNP 4 3 4 Operating Instructions on the Rover Unit Introduction to Palmtop Software Getting ready for surveying Insert the PCMCIA containing the job into t
64. acing reference points ON the MAP eeeceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeees 2 8 Placing target points on the MAP eee eeeeeeeeeeeeteeeeeeneeeeeenaes 2 10 Preparing PCMCIA cards for field operators 0 ceeseeee 2 13 3 Operating Instructions at the base station 06 3 1 Station installation cccccccssececessseeeeecsneeeeseseeesseseeeeseseeeessaaes 3 1 Choosing a location where to install a base station 3 1 GPS antenn aineissa ta ieee 3 1 VHF antenna os secceees sheccececected deatanescceedtsaccens aE a iE NEA 3 2 Connections and Setup cccccceececeeceeceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeseeeeeseaeeseeeeeaes 3 2 Measuring the GPS antenna height cccceeeeeesteeeeneeeeees 3 4 DSNP Mmeasurementt cescceesceeeeeeteneeeeeeeeeeeeeaeeseaeeseaeeteaeeeeaeeees 3 4 USER Mmeasurementt ccesccesceeesceteneeeeseeeeseeeeaeeseaeeseaeeteaeeseeeens 3 5 Programming the base station Quick Procedure 0 006 3 7 Preamble coatin ci aa e EAE 3 7 Getting the Palmtop software started cecceseeseseeeseeeeeteerenees 3 8 Progr mming Steps eirinen a a et 3 8 4 Operating Instructions on the Rover Unit 006 4 1 Preparing for a field Survey sssssssssrresssrreseirnessnnnesrnnnesrnnneseens 4 1 Assembling the various parts seeesseeeeressriressrirserrrrerrirssrrnnerres 4 1 CONNECTIONS ai inea eaaa aaae aaea EO a 4 3 Getting ready for SUrVEYING ecceeeeeeeeeeeeteeeee
65. acters max in length Accessing the notepad is simply obtained by the key combination Shift F1 from anywhere in the program In addition from within the Distance and Surface functions you can directly format a new note containing the information computed in these contexts After you press Shift F1 the palmtop displays the list of the notes present in the notepad In the example below two notes are listed otes 2 First note Second note Time when note was D but du texte de la created note truncated at the end of the line 4 83 4 Operating Instructions on the Rover Unit Ancillary procedures Associated Help menu Displayed by pressing F1 removed by pressing Esc Yes Edit a note Del Delete a note Cle Delete all notes Esc Abandon elp i 2 Create a note T Transfer notes According to context 4 84 After selecting a note in the list press the Yes key to edit the content of the note This command allows you to make changes to the content of a note Press the C key to create a new note and write into it After selecting a note in the list press the Del key to delete this note Press the Clr key to delete all the notes Press the T key to transfer the notepad file hence all the notes to the PCMCIA First you must specify the name of the file which will be created on the PCMCIA File nane hotell File name in this example note The extension of the file cre
66. and pressing Function menu example Files 3 Sessions 3 4 Notes 4 Using the vertical arrow keys select a function in the menu and then press again to run this function Alternately you can directly run a function by pressing the corresponding numeral key se figures in the screen example above You can directly go from the Function menu of an icon to that of the next or previous one by pressing gt or D 2 DSNP Base Station Control Introduction to Palmtop software NOTE The first icon is inactive e Help menus There is a Help menu specific to almost each function listing all the commands available in the context of this function To display the Help menu press the F1 key This causes the Help menu to be superimposed on the screen Then do the following Press the key letter to run the desired command or simply press the Esc key if you do not want to run any command Incidentally this will remove the Help menu from the screen For example and as shown on the Help menu below pressing the key will let you define the start and end times of the selected session line elp i 2 R Start sessions End sessions Yes Edit a session 1 8 Select a session Del Delete a session A Automatic power NOTE You cannot view any Help menu while editing a parameter DSNP D 3 D Base Station Control Introduction to Palmtop software e Other im
67. aracter display providing information about receiver operation for a complete description of the displayed data see Appendix H Status Display ON OFF push button amp light indicator i PCMCIA _ card reader Scroll push button amp light indicator DSNP 1 9 Unpacking amp Description GNSS receiver description e PCMCIA card reader A PCMCIA card reader is located in the left hand part of the front panel This device has reader recorder capabilities The PCMCIA card is seen from the DSNP GNSS engine as a conventional serial port port P Rear panel The rear panel is fitted with the following connectors A GPS coaxial connector GPS antenna input TNC female type A DGPS coaxial connector DGPS antenna input TNC female type Two RS232 connectors port A named COMPUTER port B named I O An RS422 connector port D named DGPS 15 C SubD female type used to connect the plug in UHF transmitter base station only Two POWER connectors in parallel This allows the receiver to be maintained in operation while you swap the power source For example in the case of a battery powered receiver you can connect the new battery before removing the low one DSNP Unpacking amp Description PCMCIA Drive PCMCIA Drive Inserting a PCMCIA card 1 Unlock the cover by applying a finger on its upper middle part and then by pushing it The cover will open when you remove your finger
68. arnings To avoid pressurization problems inside the FSGS if it is taken on an airline trip the battery cap has been loosened before shipment Do not forget to lock this cap as this is required to maintain proper sealing If you have to travel by air with your equipment do the same loosen the cap before take off lock it back after landing Do not charge the NiCd battery pack outside the 5 to 40 temperature range DSNP 1 13 Unpacking amp Description FSGS Palmtop Computer FSGS temperature ranges Operating 20 C to 55 C Storage 30 C to 70 Environment The FSGS is designed to operate in conditions of up to 90 relative humidity The internal humidity indicator strip visible in the bottom right corner of the display window should be blue If it takes on a pinkish color please remove the NiCd battery and return the palmtop to the servicing department Trickle charged internal battery A trickle charged internal battery is fitted which provides back up power to preserve the data on the RAM disk for at least 2 weeks if the main power source i e th NiCd battery is removed This auxiliary battery charged with a trickle current from the NiCd battery does not normally need to be replaced Cleaning Clean the LCD screen with a clean cloth Do not use solvent cleaners or harsh detergents If the case is very dirty make sure the battery cap is tight then wash it gently under warm running water Le
69. ata link Error classification Errors are classified into four categories depending on gravity Simple information reported to user code 1 Warnings code 2 The receiver operates correctly but might be disturbed by the reported error Serious errors code 3 The receiver operates but delivers erroneous results Fatal errors code 4 The receiver can no longer operate correctly You should re initialize the receiver DSNP Troubleshooting amp Software Installation GNSS Receiver Error report Error list p Gra Family vity Error label ea ical i anomaly oos anomaly o oom a Daa memon oror 3 Reception circuit error Reception circuit anomaly LINES 3 Correlation circuit error Correlation circuit anom P Y Non used output data Trigger time tag errorError Datation Trigger Error 2 CONFG Conf integrity altered 2 CONFG Config parameter error Config parameter error 3 Command checksum error Bad telecommand checksum DPRI Input error port D Port A Overflow Port B Overflow Port C Overflow Port D Overflow 2 Format interpretation error Format interpretation DSNP H 13 Troubleshooting amp Software Installation GNSS Receiver Error report 43 7 INTRF_ 3 PCMCIA overflow PCMCIA overflow 44 7 INTRF_ 3 Filesystemfull S File system full eet ee system reception 60 9 POSIT 3 LPMEtoohigh PME too high C3 10 SYST M Log checksum error 66
70. ate system known datum amp projection 2 not used 3 standard coordinate system with local grid 4 coordinate system with unknown datum amp projection 5 coordinate system with known datum amp unknown projection 6 coordinate system with unknown datum amp known projection 7 coordinate system with local grid and unknown datum amp projection 8 coordinate system with local grid with known datum amp unknown projection 9 coordinate system with local grid with unknown datum amp known projection G 10 DSNP Results files in ASCII SVAR format Projection parameters Tangent conical projection Lambert 1 lt 02 Lambert 1 gt lt value1 gt lt eoln gt el 2 lt Lori valeur gt lt Gori value gt lt Eori value gt lt Nori value gt lt unit code gt lt eoln gt 3 lt Ko value gt lt eoln gt s 1st line Number of projection type used possibly followed by the name of the projection 2nd line Lori Gori latitude and longitude of origin angles Eori Nori projected XY coordinates of origin distances angle unit code and distance unit code no separator in between 3rd line Ko Scale factor a coefficient DSNP G 11 Results files in ASCII SVAR format Projection parameters Secant conical projection Lambert 1 lt 03 Maryland gt lt value1 gt lt eoln gt 2 lt Lref value gt lt Gori value gt lt Eori value gt lt Nori value gt lt unit code
71. ated on PCMCIA for the notepad is necessarily txt DSNP Operating Instructions on the Rover Unit Ancillary procedures Free memory space on PCMCIA and Palmtop deleting geodesy description files Inthe main menu select a then Memory 4 The screen which then appears provides information about the free memory space on the PCMCIA used and on the palmtop computer Screen example 4Mb 49y 1923Kb iy 1800ko ii Free memory 38 646Kolm Associated Help menu Displayed by pressing F1 removed by pressing Esc He p F List of files Esc Abandon Quit The F key allows you to list the geo files geodesy description files stored on the palmtop 4 85 DSNP 4 Operating Instructions on the Rover Unit Ancillary procedures GEO files list example Palnm Top files CERCLE 1 CEO 84 05 99 LAMBER 8 GEO 85 85 99 GRILLEGA GEO 65 85 99 ALTIO8 GEO 85 85 99 Associated Help menu Displayed by pressing F1 removed by ee Esc el Del Delete e file Clr Delete all files Esc Abandon 4 Quit According to context Press the Del key to delete the selected file Press the Clr key to delete all the geo files stored in the palmtop i e all the listed files 4 86 DSNP Operating Instructions on the Rover Unit Tools box Tools box Viewing the versions of the system s hardware parts i then Release 6 The information is presented ona anne screen read only
72. ated one In this description you will recognize the equipment you have just purchased you will read the preliminary instructions on how to control and operate it and you will be informed on how to make extensions to your initial configuration B 1 B 2 Introduction to the DSNP Scorpio 6000 series The heart of your equipment The heart of your equipment The heart of your equipment is what we call the GNSS engine All the products from the Scorpio 6000 series are built around this engine The GNSS engine comes in two versions Depending on your purchase your equipment will use an L1 single frequency engine or an L1 L2 dual frequency engine If necessary your equipment will be easily transformable from single to dual frequency by purchasing the L1 to L1 L2 upgrade Operating environment Each of the products in the 6000 series is fitted with specific integrated or attached user interface and display screen giving the field operator full control of his her receiver For recorders 600x xP the downloading of field data to a computer should be made via the receiver s A port COMPUTER RS232 port The clues to product naming in the Scorpio 6000 Series In the Scorpio 6000 series The 1 suffix refers to a single frequency L1 engine The 2 suffix refers to a dual frequency L1 L2 P refers to post processing only capability K refers to real time processing based on the KART or LRK method M r
73. ation identification e Configuring the UHF receiver From the main menu select i then Configure 1 A new screen appears allowing you to configure your integrated UHF receiver used for the data link Example H HF rece1yey _ Number J9 Frequency Add SS0AME Baud rate i Station battery 11 BY Jey Level 35dB im Age 1S m The following parameters should be entered on this screen in order of appearance Identification number of the base station you want to work with Transmission frequency of this base station Data baud rate configured at this base station 1200 Bd if DSNP code or code phase format or 4800 Bd if LRK format Ask the person in charge of the base station if you don t know which baud rate should be used Once the above 3 parameters are correct the lower part of the same screen is updated to provide the following status information in order of appearance Current value of battery voltage at the base station UHF reception reserve in dB above minimum level required Age of the correction data received through the UHF data link DSNP Operating Instructions on the Rover Unit Ancillary procedures e Viewing the characteristics of the selected base station From the main menu select i then Position 2 A new screen appears providing the identification and location of the selected base station as well as the distance separating your curren
74. atum and projection currently used are recalled on the screen which then appears From this screen you can access the Datum and Projection functions described in the preceding pages Screen example Local grid __ Datun Projection Gri Select the Grid field third line and press gt A new screen appears viewing the local grid lLocal grid _ Grid D 30 DSNP Base Station Control Coordinate System Used Height correction This function allows you to view the vertical system used When selecting this function the ellipsoid and antenna altitude are recalled on the screen which then appears Screen example Height correction Ellipsoid To view the height correction select the Correction field and then press A new screen appears viewing the height correction Linear correction Correction abn H 8 88 L ataa 66 8808 i GB Bille w if DSNP D 31 D Base Station Control System Tools System Tools From the main menu select the fifth icon i Press 4 The following function menu then appears Tools Tine Configuration 5 Unit 4 Release Time This function allows you to read change the local time Press F1 to display the Help menu Use the key letters shown in this menu to change the time amp date D 32 DSNP Base Station Control System Tools Configuration This fu
75. available in the context of this function To display the Help menu press the F1 key This causes the Help menu to be superimposed on the screen Then do the following Press the key letter to run the desired command or simply press the Esc key if you do not want to run any command Incidentally this will remove the Help menu from the screen For example from the Help menu below pressing the D key will directly display the screen allowing you to set the date Help 0 Set offset T Set tine D Set date Esc Abandon Quit NOTE You cannot view any Help menu while editing a parameter e Other important keys Esc Pressing the Esc key will take you back to the preceding screen or will remove the Help menu from the screen or will cancel the change you make to a parameter Repeated presses on this key will take you back to the main menu F2 From anywhere in the program pressing the F2 key will allow you to display the last solution computed for your current position see screen example in page 4 74 4 7 4 Operating Instructions on the Rover Unit Introduction to Palmtop Software 4 8 Shift F1 F4 From anywhere in the program pressing Shift F1 will allow you to access the palmtop s notepad see page 4 83 Pressing the F4 key will allow you to quit the program Confirm this choice by pressing or press Del to cancel the request Then a message is displayed asking
76. ave it to dry in a warm room Do not use forced air drying Long term storage If you intend to store the FSGS for at least 2 months remove the NiCd battery and fit a fresh set of 3 highest quality Alkaline cells We recommend storage at a temperature between 10 C and 35 Alkaline cells should be changed every 6 months DSNP Unpacking amp Description FSGS Palmtop Computer After long term storage Remove the Alkaline cells and insert the NiCd battery after fully charging it Changing the NiCd battery Turn off the FSGS press the red key top right Use a coin to undo the battery cap turn counter clockwise Remove the old battery Fit in anew battery positive end first Take the battery cap and with finger pressure only press it into the battery compartment and turn it clockwise Only when the thread is started use a coin to screw the cap tightly home DSNP 1 15 Unpacking amp Description Preparing batteries for the Rover Unit Preparing batteries for the Rover Unit Use NiCd batteries only Approximate charging time from 1 hour to 1 hour per battery A single battery pack is charged at a time Ga 1 16 DSNP Preparing a project Introduction 2 Preparing a project Introduction Preparing a project requires the use of the KISS module from the DSNP 3SPack software package 2 In this section we will just outline the main steps of a project preparation using this
77. be logged 4 35 4 Operating Instructions on the Rover Unit Logging points 4 36 Logging points through offset procedure For the same reasons as in staking out see page 4 26 you may have to resort to an offset procedure to log the position of an inaccessible point Three different methods exist in this case to log a non planned point linear lateral and intersection Linear Offset Principle Through this technique the location of the inaccessible point P will accurately be deduced from two points P1 and P2 located nearby properly logged and both aligned with the point First the operator will freely choose two points in the field P1 and P2 aligned with point P After measuring with other means one of the distances separating P1 or P2 from P the operator will enter this distance in the corresponding field from which the rover unit will deduce the position of P Lateral Offset Principle Through this technique the location of the inaccessible point P will accurately be deduced from two points P1 and P2 located nearby properly logged and forming a triangle ideally an equilateral one with P First the operator will freely choose two points in the field P1 and P2 forming a regular triangle with P DSNP DSNP Operating Instructions on the Rover Unit Logging points After measuring with other means the distances separating P1 and P2 from P the operator will enter successiv
78. best solution Some conditions and tests are applied at different levels so that a priori inconsistent solutions can be rejected This scheme can be used for dual frequency receivers because the number of possible solutions remains relatively low within the search volume In single frequency receivers it is not reasonably applicable in real time due to the large number of possible solutions This is why the scheme used in the KART system is radically different Recursive computation of an approximate solution using the phase and pseudo ranges triple difference The solution tends towards the actual solution over time DSNP C 1 KART LRK General Principles KART On each measurement epoch computation of a double difference solution with a fixed value for ambiguous terms integers The solution results from successive updatings starting from the approximate solution first fixing the integers for the satellite pair less sensitive to the initial position error and finishing with the most sensitive pair Validation of these solutions with fixed ambiguous terms traditional test on residuals complemented by a test for their changes over time Check for the repeatability of the solution over a given period This scheme dramatically differs from the traditional methods The following differences can be pointed out No search volume is required meaning that the method does not rely on any hypothesis on the quality of
79. byte Next 3 bytes Next 3 bytes Next byte Smoothing Interval 00 Oto1 minute 1 0 reserved 0 single frequency measurements SV number C A code pseudorange unit 10 s modulo 400 ms bits O to 4 Level indicator C No 26 dB Hz bits 5 to 6 not used bit 7 1 if phase measurement not valid Lica carrier phase unit 10 cycle modulo 10 cycles Lica carrier phase unit 4x10 cycle s field 32 Hz MSBs sign 800000p measurement not valid Licya Carrier quality indicator Bits 0 to 4 cumulative loss of continuity indicator complies with RTCM message No 18 counter modulo 32 incremented every time the continuity of the carrier phase measurement is lost DSNP GPS Raw Data in SBIN format SBIN R Single frequency GPS pseudoranges in satellite time Bits 5 to 7 data quality indicator complies with RTCM message No 18 000 phase error lt 0 00391 cycle 001 phase error lt 0 00696 cycle 010 phase error lt 0 01239 cycle 011 phase error lt 0 02208 cycle 100 phase error lt 0 03933 cycle 101 phase error lt 0 07006 cycle 110 phase error lt 0 12480 cycle 111 phase error gt 0 12480 cycle Last byte C A code quality indicator Bits 0 to 3 pseudorange multipath error indicator complies with RTCM message No 19 1111 multipath error not determined Bits 4 to 7 pseudorange data quality indicator complies with RTCM message No 19
80. c Abandon P1 P2 P3 P4 or P Press the V key to view the characteristics of the selected point on the guidance chart Press the Del key if you want to delete the selected point P1 P2 P3 or P4 and resume the logging of this point Press the Clr key if you want to resume the offset procedure from the beginning all points deleted DSNP Operating Instructions on the Rover Unit Surveying a trajectory Surveying a trajectory There are two ways of surveying a trajectory Surveying in Distance mode as you walk along the trajectory the rover unit logs your current position every x meters traveled until you stop working in this mode Surveying in Time mode as you walk along the trajectory the rover unit logs your current position every x seconds until you stop working in this mode In both cases and at any time during the survey of the trajectory you are allowed to perform the logging of a point This point will also be part of the series of points making up the trajectory Because the two procedures are very similar we will only describe one of them distance mode and we will annotate the parameters which are different when the other mode is used 1 Come back to the main menu select 4 and choose Trajecto 4 The following dialog box appears Trajecto time Distance 2 Choose the Distance mode The screen should then look like this Or Time in seconds if surveying in Time mode has been
81. cal deviation between vertical system and WGS84 at the origin GI Latitude gain a coefficient Gg Longitude gain a coefficient LO Latitude of the origin GO Longitude of the origin Before you end the definition of the project you can still go back to the previous tabs by clicking the lt Back button if changes have to be made in these tabs Then use the Next gt button again until the Finish button appears Once you agree with the definition of the project click the Finish button KISS then creates the new project A map of the region of survey appears in the KISS window In the same time the project is saved in the KIS directory Proceed with the definition of your project as such 1 Place your reference points on the map see page 2 8 2 Place your target points on the map see page 2 10 3 Write jobs to PCMCIA cards see page 2 13 2 6 DSNP Preparing a project Terminology used Terminology used The term target is used in two different contexts 1 To designate a point whose location is known in theory and which has to be materialized in the field In this case the term target is always associated with the term point 2 To designate the supposed or planned position of any point whether a target point or a reference point In this case the term target is used alone The main contexts in which target appears with this meaning are Inthe General tab of any dialog box
82. chosen datum and projection If we assume that both the theoretical coordinates of a reference point expressed in the partially unknown system and the surveyed WGS84 coordinates for the same point are error free then the rover unit can refine the coordinate system used so that the theoretical coordinates of the point be precisely the coordinates obtained by transforming the surveyed WGS84 coordinates using the refined coordinate system Two kinds of computation can be performed in the rover unit refining the horizontal system local grid or and refining the vertical system height correction When preparing a job with KISS if reference points are created for the purpose of refining the coordinate system used then follow the instructions below to refine the coordinate system Note that a third type of computation is possible using reference points surveyed by the rover unit The purpose of this computation which can only be performed with KISS when back at the office is to refine the datum shifts of the system used if it is a standard one DSNP 4 51 4 Operating Instructions on the Rover Unit Refining the coordinate system by surveying reference points Refining the horizontal system local grid e Phase 1 surveying the known reference points and then Local grid 4 On the screen which then appears position the pointer on the Grid field 2 Press to access the Local Grid Horal grid T pr
83. ction to the DSNP Scorpio 6000 series Block Diagrams 6002 MP amp 6002 SP Like the 6001 MP and 6001 SP the 6002 MP and 6002 SP are simple GNSS PCMCIA recorders They differ from each other only by their accessory kits Seodetic L1 L2 antenna 6002 SP Accessory kit tt or 6002 MP Accessory kit _ Accessories Receiver POWER COMPUTER T O GPS A RS232 B RS232 rc 1 GNSS Engine L1 L2 PCMCIA Record i x 2 li s Di 16 char X 2 line Status Display ON OFF Scroll Keyboard B 10 DSNP DSNP Introduction to the DSNP Scorpio 6000 series Block Diagrams 6001 MK Rover Unit Geodetic L1 antenna backpack container and other Palmtop UHF computer r ate antenna P Accessories Mobile kit Receiver POWER COMPUTER 10 A RS232 B RS232 a DGPS Built in UHF GNSS Engine L1 receiver PCMCIA Recorder 16 char x 2 line Status Display ON OFF Scroll B 11 Introduction to the DSNP Scorpio 6000 series Block Diagrams 6001 SK Base Station antenna tripod container and other Geodetic User UHF L1 antenna Interf renee Accessories Station kit antenna rn ee ee er eer eee Plug in UHF Receiver transmitter POWER COMPUTER VO GPS A RS232 B RS232 raa Oo DGPS DGPS D RS422 GNSS Engine L1 PCMCIA Recorder 16 char x 2 line Status Display ON OFF Scroll
84. d 12 Reserved o reseven H 18 DSNP Troubleshooting amp Software Installation GNSS Receiver Rear panel Connectors RS232 cable r N h T oof TCO 9 K A is a 7 contact JKX FD 1G 07 MSSDSM 5011253 plug with JBX1 MPN 5080359 sleeve Manufacturer FCI B is a 9 contact female subD DE 9S 5030357 connector with metal cover 8655MH09 11 5080357 Manufacturer FCI Shielded cable 4 pair FMA2R 6030097 Overall length 2 m Plug A Plug B 1 A N 9 VIN 2 2 RX 3 3 TX 4 4 ON 5 5 GND 6 7 RTS 7 8 CTS DSNP H 19 H Troubleshooting amp Software Installation FSGS Palmtop Computer H 20 FSGS Palmtop Computer FSGS Palmtop Configuration DOS partitioning In the version delivered by the manufacturer the FSGS palmtop computer comes with 640 kbytes of memory space reserved for the DOS If for any reason the disk of a palmtop needs to be re formatted refer to page H 24 Reformatting the disk Battery charging The FSGS has been configured in order that battery charging can take place from a power source present on its RS232C connector After connecting a non powered FSGS to an operating powered receiver the Charging in progress message should appear
85. de Press the P key to change the raw data output rate After placing the pointer in a session line press a numeral key 1 to 8 to assign a run time number to this session For example if you press 2 the session will be executed in second position within the sequence Not assigning a number to a session line will result in the non execution of the session Conversely after placing the pointer in a session line press the Del key to remove the session from the sequence the session will no longer be executed After selecting a session from the displayed list press to edit its characteristics DSNP DSNP Base Station Control File Management Example of screen obtained when editing the characteristics of a session From this field specify whether raw data must be recorded Yes or not No during the session press to access the selection menu Example of screen obtained while a sequence of sessions is being executed typical sequence in which two sessions are run every day from 9 00 to 12 00 am and from 2 00 to 5 00 pm sessions 13 68 33 Mode Autonatic Status Every day Period JS 18 R 69601268 7 R 14661766 t 9 08 12 88 F 214 08 17 88 00 00 68 88 00 00 66 88 D 21 D Base Station Control File Management D 22 Notes This function allows you to access the notepad The notepad is a text file associated with the palmtop This file consists of o
86. defined by the target and your position when you selected the target start position The path you follow as you walk toward the target is represented by a dotted line starting from the start position V The other chart provides visual information about the direction i to follow to reach the target First the vertical axis represents the North direction x After you walk a few steps in the direction of the target the vertical axis will then represent the average direction of walk The same symbols as in the left hand chart are used to represent the target and your current position The distance between the two symbols is not representative of the true distance 4 Correct the direction of walk according to the indications on the screen walk while continuing to read the screen for auto correction of the path followed 4 20 DSNP Operating Instructions on the Rover Unit Surveying target points Staking Out If you realize that you cannot reach the target point then press the Esc key to go back to the target points list screen and then press the O key Then refer to page 4 26 Surveying target points through offset procedure When the distance to the target becomes less than 5 m a new chart appears on the screen giving a magnified view of the area around the target point 5 m along each axis North or direction defined by the target and your position when this chart appears user configurabl
87. different screens have been designed to describe the receiver s internal data status configuration software versions You only need to use the Scroll push button located on the front panel to access each of these screens A long press on this button will unconditionally take you back to screen No 0 the most important one at receiver start up Each screen is identified by a number to help you navigate through the set of screens The screen number is located at the beginning of the upper line Screen number 0 9 When the amount of data is too large to fit on a single screen several subscreens are created for this screen In this case the screen number is recalled at the beginning of each subscreen Use the same button the Scroll push button to access the different subscreens and then to access the next screen DSNP H 1 H Troubleshooting amp Software Installation GNSS Receiver Status Display Screen No 0 Operating Status At the end of the self tests status screen No 0 appears Display example Count of Count of SVs corrections used received received or transmitted ngs o f o corrections 99 s max V08 12TD11 01s8 toep EDGP 12 2V F12 KART LRK GPS Battery voltage Free memory REF in V space in HOLD DGPS This symbol indicates current MDGP operation of the receiver in
88. e see page 4 23 CIRCLE PT 6 Target F 18 t Solution used for guidance A for Accurate or R for Real time user configurable see page 4 23 r When the distance to the target becomes less than 50 cm the view is magnified a second time around the target point 0 5 m along each axis North A or direction defined by the target and your position when the previous chart appeared 5 m user configurable see page 4 23 CIRCLE PT 6 Target Solution used for guidance A for Accurate or R for Real time user configurable see page 4 23 DSNP 4 21 4 Operating Instructions on the Rover Unit Surveying target points Staking Out 4 22 5 Before surveying the point you can refine the GPS antenna position so that the X accurately coincides with the origin of the axis system taking care to maintain the antenna mast in vertical position As a result the three components in the upper right frame should be as close as possible to 0 000 The OK message will appear suggesting that the point be recorded now when the deviation between the target and your position is less than the acceptance circle defined for the job see page 4 89 CIRCLE PT 6 You can still zoom in around the target by pressing the PgDn key 0 15 m along each axis N OK DSNP DSNP Operating Instructions on the Rover Unit Surveying target points Staking Out Associated Help menu
89. e Fix mode EDGP EDGPS KART LRK GPS REF HOLD DGPS MDGP MDGPS Average position mode the receiver is used ata reference station Enhanced DGPS Kinematic Application Real Time Long Range Kinematic pure or straight GPS User set reference position for a station only not a computed position No position solution available Differential GPS Multi differential GPS future use DSNP Troubleshooting amp Software Installation GNSS Receiver Status Display Screen No 0 refresh rate 1 0 second will be maintained on the status display until you depress the Scroll button If an error is detected in the receiver anomaly etc the screen H number will start blinking prompting you to have a look at screen No 1 to know more about the detected error s Unless the detected error still persists it is simply acknowledged when quitting the screen reporting that error With screen No 0 currently displayed depressing the Scroll push button repeatedly will cause new screens to appear in the order given below Screen No 1 Error report Depending on the number of errors detected none one or more several subscreens for screen No 1 may exist Display example Error Error Error identification number extra code Day of Error start Error end time occurrence time hh mm or current 1 31 hh mm time if error
90. e characteristics of the datum used As shown in the example below this information is presented on two screens Use the PgUp and PgDn keys to change screen Ntfia 6378249 145n 293 4650000081 1 666000000008 8 168 B88m 72 088m 318 508mg D 27 D Base Station Control Coordinate System Used Projection This function gives the characteristics of the projection used see example below Lambert 46 48 66 688 88 On 8 999877420000 Change to WGS84 This function allows you to choose the WGS84 as the new system used by the receiver User confirmation is required before the receiver switches to this system D 28 DSNP Base Station Control Coordinate System Used Load Geodesy This function allows you to transfer the geodesy coordinate system defined for a job to the base station DSNP After inserting the PCMCIA into the GNSS receiver of the base station select the Load Geodesy function The names of the jobs read from the PCMCIA appear on the screen Example Choose a job none Frepeat 1 grit 1988 Choose one and press This causes the selected coordinate system to be instantaneously loaded from the PCMCIA to the base station Press the Esc key to leave the function D 29 D Base Station Control Coordinate System Used Local Grid This function allows you to view the local grid used if any When selecting the function the d
91. eaees B 6 Built in UHF receiver for 600x MK eeesceeesseeeeeeneeeeeseneeereeaees B 6 Plug in UHF transmitter for 600x SK e ee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeteneeeeeeees B 7 6001 MP 6001 SP specific performance data 0 cceeeeeee B 7 DSNP Vv Scorpio 600x xK Series User s Manual Appendices 6002 MP 6002 SP specific performance data cceeeeee B 7 6001 MK 6001 SK specific performance data cceeseee B 8 6002 MK 6002 SK specific performance data cceeeeeee B 8 Block Dagan ac iccsheesvecsisficces s fencers Vascttesiasdexte eapieedsiadeeaete B 9 6001 MP amp 6001 SP oo eeeeeeceecceeeeeceeeeceeeeeeeeeeeeeceseeeeaeeeeeeaeesaetees B 9 6002 MP amp 6002 SP vic crit piace paneivieet meetin B 10 6001 MK Rover Unit 00 2 eee eceeeeeeeeeneeeeeeeteeeeeeeeteaeeseeeeteeeseaeenes B 11 6001 SK Base Station eeceeeeeeeseeeeeeteneeeeeeseeeseeeseneeseeetes B 12 6002 MK Rover Unit 00 eee eeeeeeeeeeeneeeeeeeeeneeeeeeeteaeeseeeeseaeeseaeenes B 13 6002 SK Base Station w i iduccicitihe pie dcheern aes B 14 C KART LRK General Principles ccccccssssssseseeeeees C 1 KART iSite Gk eaten eerie ee eee ce eee C 1 Theory of operations as i cianecaciiiwnsintiamnnnininnetinns C 1 CharacteristicSi s c cscttiaasds asacishedeehdaetonanettbnddct esas lnddeetas C 3 LR E EEE A E C 4 D Base Station COnMO ssccsissitscssiancsacmaddsaieicacsesmmnancacannanss D 1 Introduction to Palmtop SOftWA
92. econd duration Each subframe consists of 10 words of 30 bits each Each word takes 0 6 second to transmit The content of subframes 4 and 5 changes on a page roll basis it changes on every frame and repeats every 25 frames As a result it takes at least 12 1 2 minutes to log the entire navigation message GNSS GENERAL DESCRIPTION Satellite navigation systems are now used in scores of applications worldwide The best known two systems in operation as of today are The US GPS Global Positioning System which is the most complete The Russian GLONASS GLObal NAvigation Satellite System As both these systems are originally designed for military applications they are entirely under the control of the respective Defense Department of the two countries As a result civilians cannot be sure of being allowed full access to the signals in critical periods of time Moreover the accuracy achieved using the non encrypted signals is only on the order of a few tens meters A A 3 Introduction to GNSS GNSS All those aspects led the civilian community to devise a totally new system known as GNSS Global Navigation Satellite System In future a complete constellation GNSS2 should provide civilian users with signals and data allowing them to compensate for any shortcomings in the navigation systems at sea on land or in the alr The current GNSS1 is the first phase in that scheme based on the augmentation of
93. ecscestescncensesedeenraseteenseneteessee 4 87 Editing GeocodeSssi ciicndiee ni ichenk dade 4 88 DSNP iii Scorpio 600x xK Series User s Manual Table of Contents Editing uncertainties acceptable deviation amp battery alarm threshold iziii isona a i iai eiiiai 4 89 Measuring the surface Of an area essseereeseeeerrerrrrerrrssrn 4 90 Editing UNIS er ine elie E EEE OEE 4 94 Using the palmtop in standalone mode s s s 4 94 5 Downloading field Aatd ccccccccsssssssnseecceesssssesnenes 5 1 IMMPOQUCUION s ccacdees decease iiaa a aai aa 5 1 Collecting the results Of a survey ceeeeeesteeeeeeeeeeeeeeteeteeeteees 5 1 Graphic Conventions cece eeeenee eee eieecaetnaeseeeeneeeeen 5 3 Before surveying rcccciecaseeceeeseccsneesceceeeseceensieednpdesedereguarapessoneaeesttcs 5 3 After S rv yih gesar niece eee esd eee ei 5 3 Editing a point surveyed at the planned location ee 5 5 Editing a logged poini o ccencnrenean 5 8 Editing a planned point surveyed through offset procedure 5 9 Offset TaD earras en ee na AEA A Ea a OEA IS 5 10 Pih P2 P3 Or P4 taD aa eE NE 5 11 Editing a logged point surveyed through offset procedure 5 12 Exporting results in the desired format ec ees 5 13 Saving PCMCIA files on your computer ccceeeeeeeteeteeeees 5 14 Post processing the raw data collected during a job 5 14 DSNP Scorpio 600x xK Series User s
94. ected P1 point s tance CERCLE PT 4 118 9821 118 114n 8 14 344n i 98 981deq 6 924deqin j E 4 61 4 Operating Instructions on the Rover Unit Ancillary procedures Help menu associated with the previous screen Displayed by pressing F1 removed by pressing Esc el F Get a aint fron file N Write to a note Esc Abandon F4 Quit 3 Press the F key to be able to select the second point P2 Specify the type of this point Kind of point T and then choose it from the list which then displays CERCLE PT 10 in the example below Now that the 2 point is selected the results displayed on the screen are those for the distance separating P2 from P1 is tance _ Pi CERCLE PT 4 P2 CERCLE PT 18 Distance 49 9997 Horizontal 49 99818 Vertical 8 485 mle Azinuth 89 993deqim Elevation 8 464deg ip 4 If needed you can write these results into the notepad by simply pressing the N key The data transferred to the notepad and corresponding to the previous screen would be formatted as follows in the notepad WERCLE PT 4 CERCLE PT 18 49 999n 49 998n 8 405n 89 993deyg 8 464deqg oo 4 62 DSNP Operating Instructions on the Rover Unit Ancillary procedures Configuring the next point Continued from page 4 7 or 4 60 In the context described in either of these pages the following screen will be obtained after y
95. ed to be positive There cannot be spaces between the sign and the first figure Rule about labels Labels are denoted by lt gt characters surrounding them They can take any ASCII value except lt gt lt stx gt and lt etx gt Labels can optionally be associated with a numeral In this case They are placed just before or after the lt gt field delimiter They are separated from the numeral by a lt space gt character E Error check rule An optional checksum can be placed at the end of every line except for the lt stx gt and lt etx gt lines between the last data in the line and lt eoln gt The presence of the checksum is denoted by the character followed by the two end of line characters The checksum results from exclusive OR gating all the characters in the line excluding the character The resulting 8 bit checksum is converted into 2 x 4 bits in hexadecimal notation and then the two half bytes are ASCll encoded The most significant character is transferred first DSNP E 3 Notation rules used in SVAR and SBIN formats SBIN SBIN Reserved characters By principle all possible binary values in a byte are allowed However three ASCII characters are used for message identification ASCII byte FE denotes beginning of binary block ASCII byte FF denotes end of binary block ASCII byte FD denotes intentionally altered character If between the beginning and the end of a block the binary
96. eeeeeeeneeeeeseneeees 4 59 Working on the results of the job eee eeseeeeeeseeeeeeeneeeeeeeeees 4 59 Measuring the distance between any two points 4 61 Configuring the next point eee eee eee eeeeeeeeeeeseaeeeeeeeeneeeeeeeeeaes 4 63 Search FUNCTION eeseeeeeeeseeeeeeeeeneeeeeeeeseaeeeeeeeeseeseeeeteneeeneaeenaas 4 64 Creating a PONT niser aaaeeeaa a 4 64 Creating a NNE nsina niai aeaaea a ENEA 4 66 Viewing points on a plane 2D ViOW es eeeeeeeseneeeeeeeneeeeeneeees 4 69 Recording Raw Data on POCMCIA ceesceseseeeeeeeteneeeeneeteeeenaees 4 71 UHF receiver setting amp base station identification 000 4 72 Viewing the solution of your Current position 0 0 0 eee 4 74 Viewing the status of the GPS constellation cceeeeeeeeeeees 4 75 Rejecting satellites ececccsesceeeeesseeeeeseeeeeeeseeeeeteeeeeeeseneeeneses 4 77 Processing amp initialisation Modes 0 0 0 eeeeeeeeeneeereeeeeeeeeneeeeeees 4 78 Viewing the datum and projection used 4 81 Switching to WGS84 eee eeeeeeeeeeneeeeeeeeeneeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeaes 4 82 WSING THE notepad iriiria anaapa 4 83 Free memory space on PCMCIA and Palmtop deleting geodesy d scription file Saena AEE AEE 4 85 TOOLS DOK sets dese csvscteeceauadedesncedetisi da desvanneeddtaaddiesvasnsenterdedaeaussteeds 4 87 Viewing the versions of the system s hardware parts 4 87 Editing Time amp Date cccccccccteescecec
97. eeeeneeeeneeteteeeeeeeeaes 4 4 Introduction to Palmtop Software ccceeeeseeceeeeeeeeeeeeneeeeeeees 4 4 Palmtop DISPIAY sii secizciincdsecesscdepenneadecendcncegsstesdnpaste ieganaragessuecenesseeas 4 5 Keys alnd MENUS rnanan HRN 4 5 Getting Stared caii iain ieee na naaa aa 4 9 About jobs AND THES rsss 4 11 CHOOSING a JObisiiecieioee nt Badin cheeses aE E O EE ade 4 11 CHOOSING a file snan a ee ee nas 4 14 Checking operating conditions before starting a survey 4 15 Surveying target points Staking Out eseeeeeeeeeereereereen 4 16 ii DSNP Scorpio 600x xK Series User s Manual Table of Contents General CaS iirinn adil E eae eed nde 4 16 Surveying target points through offset procedure 000e 4 26 Logging POINTS sfc acct teeing pics et E SAE 4 34 General CaS cc socczscsareieiesisatesetaanstemietead ats eames eiienesetaee 4 34 Logging points through offset procedure ee eee 4 36 Surveying a trajectory eeeeeceseceeceeceeeeeeaeeeeeeeseeeeeseaeeeseeseneees 4 43 Surveying reference POINtS ccccceeeeeeseeceeeeeeeeeeeetaeeeeneeeeenees 4 46 Guidance along a profile cceccceceeeeeeeeceeeeeceeeeeeeaeeeeeetennees 4 47 Refining the coordinate system by surveying reference points 4 51 Refining the horizontal system local grid 4 52 Computing the vertical system height Correction ee 4 56 Ancillary procedures cccessceeeeeseeeeeeseeeeseeeen
98. eeeestaeeseeeeeaes 1 8 Front Panelian tensita oraaa anesan a aaaea a aE aaa 1 8 Reat panel ie e ceccsecieeceoesetescenseeecece enter eusscreessscneneessoeenevete edectceresee 1 10 PCMCIA DT ive sisiraan nariadi 1 11 Inserting a PCMCIA Card eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeneeeeeeeeeneeeteeeeeneeeseneeeaees 1 11 Removing a PCMCIA Carrd ceeceeeceeeeeeeeeeeeneeeeneeeeaeeeeeeseeeeeaees 1 12 FSGS Palmtop Computer ccccccecceeeeeeeeceeeeseteeeesaeeeeneeseaes 1 13 FSGS Battery Pack ssi sintsere eapi n e ie 1 13 FSGS temperature ranges cccceeecceeeeeceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeneeeeneeseneeesaees 1 14 Environment 2 2eeeceeeeseeeeeeseeeeeeseeeeeensceeeeeseeeeenseneeeseseeeeneseneetenes 1 14 Trickle charged internal battery eeeseeeeeeeeeeesneeeeeeneeeeneneeees 1 14 ClO ANING ei eneee E hae SEN dail ee 1 14 Long term StOLAGE s cececcececeesceeeseccenesenceresseceeenececetenebeeevenenendeees 1 14 After long term storage ce eesceeeeseeeesenneeeseneeeeeeneeeeesneeeseneeees 1 15 Changing the NiCd battery 0 ee eeceeeeeseneeeeeeeseeeeeeeessaeeeeaeeeaas 1 15 Preparing batteries for the Rover Unit 1 16 2 Preparing a PEO SC a cacsisnicssscsxeasetoensanceenctdvasecatassueededexieaacs 2 1 Laere Dei a a P A cqeseccdinb baddeveeaesde A 2 1 Creating a project 20 2 ceeccecceeceeeeeceeeeeceeeeeeeaeeeeeeeseneeeseeeeenaeeeeneeee 2 1 Terminology Usoda Aan ANE RA 2 7 DSNP i Scorpio 600x xK Series User s Manual Table of Contents Pl
99. eeneeeeeeeees G 19 H Troubleshooting amp Software Installation secccccee H 1 GNSS Receiver Status Display cccccsceeereeseeeeeeeeeeeeeees H 1 PMLPOCD UCT OM xs 2ecdis eea a aa aaa aaa Eaa H 1 Screen No 0 Operating Status cceceeeeeseeeeseeeseeeeesteeseneeeseees H 2 Screen No 1 Error report eecceeeeeseeeeeeeeeseeeeeeeeeeeaeesseeeseaeeenaees H 3 Screen No 2 Position solution ee eeeeeeeeeseeeeeeeeeeeneeeeeeteeeeeeees H 4 Screen No 3 Time information cccccccsssceceessneeeeseeeeeseneeeeees H 5 Screen No 4 GNSS reception Status eceeeeeseeeeeteeeeteeeeeees H 5 Screen No 5 Information about SCSSIONS cceeeeeeteeeeteeeeeees H 6 DSNP DSNP Scorpio 600x xK Series User s Manual Appendices Screen No 6 Information about Corrections cccccccceseseeees H 7 Screen No 7 Differential Corrections ccccceeeeeeeeeeeeeseseeeeeeees H 8 Screen No 8 Firmware installed cc eeeeeeeeeeeeeeesseseeeeeeeeeeees H 9 Screen No 9 Hardware and Software identification H 10 GNSS Receiver Front Panel Indicators 00 ccccccceeeeeeeeee H 11 GNSS Receiver Error report cccccccceeeececeeeeeeeeeeeseaeeeeeeeeneees H 11 Error famile S niens erne eaaa ea r a H 12 Error classification cceseeeseeeeeeeeeneeeseceeeeeteneesseceeeeetsaeeseeeeeees H 12 EGON list arenneren H 13 GNSS Receiver Rear panel Connectors
100. efers to a roving receiver Mobile unit S refers to a stationary receiver Base Station DSNP Introduction to the DSNP Scorpio 6000 series Product applications Product applications The 6001 MP mobile and 6001 SP receivers station are intended for land surveys conducted typically according to the Rapid Static or Kinematic post processing method After field operations the collected data should be downloaded to a computer running 3SPack DSNP Satellite Survey Package for post processing The 6002 MP mobile and 6002 SP receivers station are intended for land surveys conducted typically according to the Long Range Rapid Static or Long Range Kinematic post processing method After field operations the collected data should be downloaded to a computer running 3SPack Satellite Survey Software Package for post processing Compared with the 6001 MP and the 6001 SP these receivers offer similar accuracies but over larger areas thanks to their dual frequency engine The 6001 MK mobile and 6001 SK station are the two pieces of equipment required for real time KART land surveys With this equipment a UHF data link is established between the two receivers to provide the mobile with corrections generated at the station The 6002 MK mobile and 6002 SK station are the two pieces of equipment required for real time LRK land surveys With this equipment a UHF data link is established between the two
101. ely each of these distances when logging these points The direction of P with respect to the oriented segment P2P1 will also have to be specified P1 P1 x to the right P2 P2 x P2 P Intersection offset principle Through this technique the location of the inaccessible point P will accurately be deduced from two pairs of points P1 P2 and P3 P4 defining two lines intersecting at point P First the operator will freely choose the two pairs of points in the field so that the engendered lines intersect at P Then the operator will successively log the 4 points P1 P2 P3 and P4 The interest of this method lies on the fact that the operator does not need to measure anything in the field apart from making sure that first P1 and P2 are aligned with P and second that P3 and P4 are also aligned with P s Sar 4 37 4 Operating Instructions on the Rover Unit Logging points 4 38 e Linear Offset Procedure In what follows it is assumed that a job and a file have been previously opened see page 4 After marking P1 and P2 in the field and after measuring the P1 to P distance for example do the following 1 Come back to the main menu select H choose Logging with offset 5 and then select Linear lossin with offset Lateral Intersection 2 Walk to P1 and stay immobile at this point 3 Press the Yes key to access the log screen same log context as in Logging general case
102. ent tied to the surveying method used Before doing anything about sessions please read the following D 18 If you do nothing with sessions then the station will operate on a permanent basis with no recording on the PCMCIA until you turn it off manually Changes can be made on sessions only if the sequence of sessions has been disabled DSNP Base Station Control File Management Power mode Automatic or Paw data outp t rate Current local time ve o y Sess1ons 16 99 874 Hode Hanual lt T Status Stoppede Torapa Period me PgDn to select a a 2 ca characteristics Every Day time time software set This symbol A e ies oon te selected session Associated Help menus elp i 2 R Start sessions End sessions Yes Edit a session 1 8 Select a session Del Delete a session A Automatic power elp 2 2 M Manual power P Modify period Esc Abandon Quit DSNP s Sequence status Start End Session Stopped Once or D 19 D Base Station Control File Management According to context D 20 Press the R key to run the sequence of sessions and then specify whether the sequence must be executed once or every day Start vey Press the S key to stop the sequence of sessions Press the A key to switch the station to Automatic power mode Press the M key to switch the station to Manual power mo
103. er measurement antenna height D 9 User segment A 1 A 2 V Verifying the reference position you enter base station D 10 Vertical axis 4 20 Visible Constellation D 24 WwW Walking to the target 4 20 WAAS B 6 WAD A 4 Write Project command 2 13 Z ZFIXED 4 78 DSNP DSNP 16 rue de Bel Air B P 433 44474 CARQUEFOU Cedex 33 0 2 40 30 59 00 Fax 33 0 2 40 30 58 92 Web site www dsnp com S A a Directoire et Conseil de surveillance au capital de 5 000 000 F RCS Nantes B 321 391 237
104. evation view Detailed information about selected channel 7o h Channel s stat et h r Ev Chanels Bath Each vertical bar represents a reception channel The bar s amplitude is proportional to the S N ratio or the elevation of the SV received on that channel Indicates selected channel press or lt to select another channel DSNP D 25 D Base Station Control SVs Deselection This function allows you to reject one or more GPS satellites from the position processing performed at the station y Deselection B1 82 83 64 05 06 87 68 AI pointer a9 fie 11 12 03 14 15 Bl pated oh 17 3 19 20 21 22 23 24 E Haron 25 4 7 28129 30 3132 satelite Rejected satellites Associated Help menu el Del RPP Sy Yes Accept selection Esc Abandon F4 Quit According to context Use the arrow keys to select the PRN of the SV you want to reject or re select Press the Del key to reject or re select the highlighted SV Press the Yes key to validate all the changes made to the PRN table D 26 DSNP DSNP Base Station Control Coordinate System Used Coordinate System Used From the main menu select the fifth icon Q Press 4 The following function menu then appears Geodes lh Proj a i Change to Wcs94 Load geodesy Local grid Height correction Datum This function gives th
105. eyed at the planned location A new read only tab is added Details containing the complete description of the position solution Date Date amp time of survey Origin Name of the job during which the point was surveyed Operator Name of the operator who made the job Process Name of the processing method used LRK A LRK R etc GNSS radio button Check this button to display the WGS84 coordinates of the position solution This causes the lower part of the dialog box to show all the components of this solution The definition of the vertical components H84 and DH are recalled graphically on the diagram in the right hand part of the dialog box L84 G84 H84 WGS84 coordinates of the antenna DH GPS antenna height above the ground when surveying the point Correlation Matrix Components of the correlation A matrix DGNSS radio button Check this button to display the WGS84 coordinates of the reference station used in the surveying of the point This causes the lower part of the dialog box to show the identification and coordinates of this station as received by the roving unit through the data link The distance and direction to the target point are illustrated on the diagram in the right hand part of the dialog box DSNP 5 7 Downloading field data Editing a logged point The illustration includes scale information The station identification is also recalled in this diagram L84 G84 H84 WGS84 coordinates
106. f any of these combo boxes the meaning of the selected geocode will appear in a tip box Target Result Error radio buttons At this stage only the Target radio button is checked as the field survey is still to come E N H check buttons They define the type of the target point Two types are possible 2D point Simply obtained by clearing the H button 3D point Simply obtained by checking the H button DSNP 2 11 Preparing a project Placing target points on the map E N H text boxes Notes pane Target diagram on right Planned coordinates of the target point resulting from where you clicked on the map If you change E or N the icon will appear at a location different from where you clicked Any change in these boxes should be consistent with the type of point 2D 3D you choose see E N H check buttons just above Add comments or recommendations of any kind which you want to associate to this point optional The target planned location is shown at the center of an oriented circle whose radius is the Acceptable deviation between target and surveyed coordinates defined in the General tab of the KISS options Create other target points if necessary using the same procedure Do not forget to save the project at regular intervals by clicking E in the toolbar DSNP Preparing a project Preparing PCMCIA cards for field operators Preparing PCMCIA cards for field operators With
107. g System consists of three segments Space segment Control segment User segment The Control segment is made up of monitoring stations distributed along the equator They are used to pick up the signals from the satellites and relay the data they convey to a master station located in Colorado Springs USA The data collected are processed corrected filtered and finally uploaded to the satellites that broadcast them through a navigation message ephemerides almanacs clock corrections The Space segment consists of 24 satellites often referred to as SVs which is an abbreviation for Space Vehicles orbiting approximately 20200 km above the earth s surface so that at least four satellites can be simultaneously in view round the clock anywhere on earth The satellites are distributed over 6 orbit planes inclined 55 with respect to the equatorial plane Each satellite completes an orbit once every 12 hours approximately From any point on earth a satellite remains in view for 5 hours maximum above the horizon The user segment is naturally that which means most to us It is made up of all the marine land or air borne applications deciphering and using the signals received from the satellites From a user s point of view the user segment consists of a receiver capable of recording the GPS information so that it can be processed at a later date or a receiver computing a position in real time with an accuracy depending o
108. ge error lt 2 430 pseudorange error lt 3 625 pseudorange error lt 5 409 pseudorange error gt 5 409 DSNP GPS Raw Data in SBIN format SBIN A Almanac data SBIN A Almanac data e General form lt stb gt lt A gt 2 bytes lt long gt 2 bytes lt almanac ident gt 3 bytes lt SV almanac gt 24 bytes lt checksum gt 2 bytes lt etb gt 1 byte e Almanac identification First byte Number of the GPS satellite corresponding to the transmitted almanac binary Last 2 bytes Almanac reference week number modulo 2 ambiguity removed e Almanac data Bits 1 to 24 from words 3 to 10 in subframes 4 or 5 depending on SV number F DSNP F 9 GPS Raw Data in SBIN format SBIN E Ephemeris data SBIN E Ephemeris data e General form lt stb gt lt E gt 2 bytes lt long gt 2 bytes lt ephemeris ident gt 1 byte lt SV almanac gt 24 bytes lt words 3 to 10 subfr 1 gt 24 bytes lt words 3 to 10 subfr 2 gt 24 bytes lt words 3 to 10 subfr3 gt 24 bytes lt checksum gt 2 bytes lt etb gt 1 byte e Ephemeris identification A single byte Number of the GPS satellite corresponding to the transmitted ephemeris binary e Ephemeris data Bits 1 to 24 from words 3 to 10 in subframe 1 Bits 1 to 24 from words 3 to 10 in subframe 2 Bits 1 to 24 from words 3 to 10 in subframe 3 F 10 DSNP GPS Raw Data in SBIN format SBIN U lono UTC data SBIN U lono UTC data e General for
109. gt lt eoln gt 4 lt LatN value gt lt LatS value gt lt unit code gt lt eoln gt 1st line Number of projection type used possibly followed by the name of the projection 2nd line Lref Gori latitude and longitude of origin angles Eori Nori projected XY coordinates of origin distances angle unit code and distance unit code no separator in between 3rd line LatN LatS latitudes of 1st and 2nd parallels scale 1 angles angle unit code G 12 DSNP Results files in ASCII SVAR format Projection parameters UTM projection Universal Transverse Mercator 1 lt 01 UTM xx gt lt valeurl gt lt eoln gt 2 lt Lori value gt lt Gori value gt lt Eori value gt lt Nori value gt lt unit code gt lt eoln gt 3 lt Ko value gt lt eoln gt 1st line Number of projection type used possibly followed by the name of the projection 2nd line Lori Gori latitude and longitude of origin angles Eori Nori projected XY coordinates of origin distances angle unit code and distance unit code no separator in between 3rd line Ko Scale factor a coefficient DSNP G 13 Results files in ASCII SVAR format Projection parameters Oblique cylindrical projection Skew Orthomorphic 1 lt 04 Switzerland gt lt valeurl gt lt eoln gt 2 lt Lori value gt lt Gori value gt lt Eori value gt lt Nori value gt lt unit code gt lt eoln gt 3 lt Ko
110. gure just below stands for the modulus of the deviation vector also 0 000 m A In this tab opposite these results a diagram illustrates the position solution the target and the measured point necessarily coincide Additional tabs are shown Offsets P1 P2 and possibly P3 and P4 in the case of intersection offset see next pages DSNP 5 9 Downloading field data Editing a planned point surveyed through offset procedure Offset Tab This tab identifies the type of offset procedure that was performed in the field provides the coordinates of the points involved in that procedure and locates precisely the planned point with respect to these points Mode P1 P2 P3 P4 radio buttons P1P P2P P is Lateral linear or intersection Check the radio button corresponding to the point you want to display E N H Coordinates of the selected point Pn Lateral or linear offset only Distance from P1 to the target P Lateral or linear offset only Distance from P2 to the target P Lateral or linear offset only Gives the location of the target with respect to the oriented segment P2P1 This means that if an observer is located at P2 and watches P1 then P will be seen either on the left or on the right side of this segment as explained in the lower pane In this tab opposite these results a diagram illustrates the position solution Lateral offset 5 10 P2 x X4 p3 R 4
111. he receiver Switch on the GNSS receiver by depressing the ON OFF push button Put the rover unit assembly on your back Switch on the palmtop by depressing the red key top right Operator ready for field operations Introduction to Palmtop Software Remember you always use this program whether you are programming a base station or surveying with the rover unit After detecting the type of the attached receiver the program will configure itself to offer the right interface 4 4 DSNP Operating Instructions on the Rover Unit Introduction to Palmtop Software Palmtop Display All screens are divided into two distinct areas as shown below The status area is permanently shown Current processing mode Count of SVs used UHF reception level Battery voltage T indicator Parameter Area Status Area Current processing mode H Hold no position solution I KART or LRK initialisation G GPS E EDGPS metric accuracy K KART centimetric accuracy L LRK centimetric accuracy Count of SVs used Fin blink if the count of SVs drops and remains below 4 UHF reception level icon h Minimum level required blinking 1 to 3 dB above minimum level t vi h 4 to 8 dB above minimum level 9 dB or more above minimum level Battery voltage indicator 0O Below configurable threshold D Above threshold blinking increment about 0 1 V B About 1 V above threshold Keys and
112. her walk along a profile In fact a profile is a series of points which the operator has previously chosen and placed in a given order The straight line connecting any two consecutive points that are part of the profile is called segment From the screen providing guidance the following operations can be performed Logging any point Logging a trajectory in distance or time mode Manual selection of the next or previous segment NOTE You cannot create a profile with KISS Instead you can anticipate the creation of a profile by creating the corresponding points with appropriate names i e producing the list of points in the desired order when sorting these points into alphabetical order and by allocating the same geocode to all these points Then on the palmtop you will be able to quickly retrieve these points through the search command by specifying the appropriate geocode criterion so that you can use the resulting list of points directly as a profile Assuming a job and a file are open 1 From the main menu select i l then Profile 6 If no profile has been defined yet for the job then the screen shows an empty list DSNP 4 47 4 Operating Instructions on the Rover Unit Guidance along a profile Associated Help menu 3 screens Displayed by pressing F1 removed by pressing Esc Press PgUp or PgDn to change help menu Guidance see page 4 50 Insert a point See next page Insert
113. hod however the position solution is computed in two steps Starting from the approximate solution in the first step a coarse solution is computed through a linear combination of the measurements made on L1 and L2 86 cm integer ambiguity instead of 19 cm on wide windows The solution more accurate albeit coarse than the approximate position is used to solve for integers in the second step with higher accuracy Final computation of the position over long distances using the two frequencies compensates for ionospheric delays and increases the covered area Solution validation testing the residuals on L1 and L2 DSNP C 5 KART LRK General Principles C 6 LRK The checking for the repeatability of the fitting solution is used only in the case of critical conditions e g only four satellites received To sum up the LRK system can be used farther from the reference station than the KART and allows shorter initialization times to be achieved meaning that it can be used in critical environments forests urban areas harbors etc However this does not relieve the user of the necessity of installing the reference station antenna in an open area high enough to cover the desired range DSNP Base Station Control Introduction to Palmtop software D Base Station Control Introduction to Palmtop software On the palmtop remember you always use the same program Palmtop Software whether y
114. idth of the view Target Hol 7 Reference No ty Equivalent to T F R Result No m keys from Help menu 2 2 above Esc Aban F4 Quit 4 70 DSNP Operating Instructions on the Rover Unit Ancillary procedures Recording Raw Data on PCMCIA Before enabling this function read the memory space available on your PCMCIA This should help you configure the recording phase in order to avoid getting out of memory before the end of recording Select B the main menu then Memory 4 A new screen appears indicating the type of Total menory PCMCIA used and the amount of Pe menor free memory Screen example PALM TOP Total memory Free memory 38 From the same icon select Raw Data 5 A new screen appears allowing you to configure start and later stop the recording of raw data on the PCMCIA Screen example Recording status Stopped or Recording ft Specify record file name Status 11 aS pes i mon ay gt 2 888n 6 Shouts i lt minutes gt Period Antenna mmddhhmm Specify recording rate If necessary correct in seconds antenna height Associated Help menu elp Press the R key to start R Start recording recording raw data Stop recording Ese Abandon or press the S key to stop the Quit recording in progress DSNP 4 71 4 Operating Instructions on the Rover Unit Ancillary procedures 4 72 UHF receiver setting amp base st
115. ield From this value the program will determine the true height of this antenna with respect to the ground After choosing this function press the lt key to access the field from which you can select the type of measurement made see section 3 and then enter the measurement as explained in the screens which follow D 8 DSNP Base Station Control Station Control DSNP measurement User measurement Select measurement method from this field press to access the selection menu Antenna BiM Antenna height Pia d Son irem Measurement entry an edit box appears on top of the screen True height computed after you enter measurement and you press 1 Position This function allows you to enter the position of the station There are three ways of entering this position 1 by typing in successively each of its coordinates in the dedicated fields see screen example on next page Then press to validate this position If the position is not accurately known enter an estimate of each of the coordinates and then let the receiver run in the Average Position mode for some time to allow it to refine this position see page D 3 DSNP D 9 D Base Station Control Station Control D 10 2 by loading it from a PCMCIA containing a job see procedure below 3 by transferring the solution available after running in Average Position mode as the new position of the station
116. ifferent make it equal to this value using the vertical arrow keys increment step 32kbytes Do not change the other parameters Press the Yes key A new screen appears Format Fixed Disk Track 238 Format successful The machine will now reset After loading the DOS the palmtop asks you to update the date amp time Atthe DOS prompt C gt type in DIR Check that 7 files are listed Toload the Palmtop software refer to page H 2 H 26 DSNP Troubleshooting amp Software Installation FSGS Palmtop Computer e No charging in progress message If this type of message never appears Press simultaneously the and H keys Using the direction keys move the cursor inverse video to Power and then press The screen should read Advanced power management APM Yes Using the direction keys select No and then press I The screen should read Advanced power management APM disabled Another way of disabling the APM is to remove the battery from the palmtop and then to connect a powered Scorpio receiver The message charging in progress will then appear Then you just have to put the battery back into the palmtop DSNP H 27 H Troubleshooting amp Software Installation FSGS Palmtop Computer H 28 e Reloading the configuration This occurs when the configuration used is incompatible with the palmtop To load the correct configuration do the following Turn off the
117. in this mode makes it possible to refine its location if the coordinates you entered through the Position function see page D 9 are just an estimate Time elapsed since you Total time planned in __ Status of the p y P Average Position mode Stop or Running started this mode this mode ie oe thine 299127 691n 46 423 ltitude First the coordinates of the station as entered through the Position function then progressively an averaged refined solution for this position as the station keeps running in the Average Position mode Associated Help menu elp i fecert R Start averaging Stop averaging Esc Abandon F4 Quit displayed by pressing F1 removed by pressing Esc D 13 D Base Station Control Station Control According to context Press the R key to enable the Average Position mode In the edit box which then appears enter the time hh mm during which you want the station to operate in this mode Averaging time 18 88 where hh hours and mm minutes Choose this time according to the figures given in the table below Operating time in Resulting uncertainty on Average Position mode station s coordinates At the end of this planned time the status will switch to STOP or press the S key to stop operating in this mode thus causing the status to be changed to STOP or press the A key to transfer the displayed posit
118. io isiti eectetereedss tastes eeeiid Aaaa iE E SASEA D 33 Uit ecenin etenee anie e e Ee ani EER D 33 Releaser ree E a EE D 33 E Notation rules used in SVAR and SBIN formats E 1 SVAR e a E 1 Reserved characters cccccccccccccccecececececeeeceeeeeeeeeeeseeeeeeeeeseeeeeeeeeress E 1 Conventions USAir onee Gwin E E EREE E 1 General FOPM ccccccccccscesssceeceeceesssseeeceeceeessesseeeeeeeeceeeteseeeeeeeesenes E 2 Rule about numerals ccccccccccccecececececececeeeceeeeeceeeceseeeseeeseeeeeeeeess E 2 Rule about labels 2 2 eee cece cece cecccecececeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeseeeeeseeesess E 3 Error check tule esse cosets ietesdeavieestis Haetbeest Seti fe teebeavieeeehs Hesienevt eerie E 3 SBIN ariran aaa aa a ata aar aedi E 4 Reserved Characters sicicitehi netic iin indie n inini E 4 CONVENTIONS USEC c ccccccccceseessceeceeceesssseeeeeceesseeseeeeeeeeessesseenes E 5 SYMDOIS USCC ce ss c cecetsscineccetesnaiaieiss tasteeeesncdiactiecemscieteenietaeeeias E 5 General FOPM cccccccccecssssceeceececessseeeceeceeessesseeeeeeeeseseseseeeeeeseseees E 5 Error check tule ives cdeissiseserssteeeeiedetebenavt Maoh Meeeievinedels Maeienast ees E 6 Rule about numerals cece cccccccececececececeeecececececeeececeeeseeeeeeeeeeeeeeess E 6 F GPS Raw Data in SBIN format sssssseseccceceeeeessseees F 1 SBIN R Single frequency GPS pseudoranges in satellite timeF 1 DSNP vii viii
119. ion as the new valid position of the station this position will then appear on the screen of the Position function see page D 9 NOTE Access to this function is denied if UHF transmission is active DSNP Base Station Control File Management File Management From the main menu select the third icon f Press The following function menu then appears 4 Notes Memory This function indicates the amount of free memory still available on the inserted PCMCIA and on the palmtop _Henory _ PCHCIA nellier g Total memory Free memory 49 1923Kb PALM TOP iN 1888Ko 38 640Kolm Associated Help menu Displayed by pressing F1 removed by pressing Esc Hel p F List of files Esc Abandon Quit Pressing the F key lists all the geo files geodesy description files stored in the palmtop DSNP D 15 D Base Station Control File Management Screen example showing a list of geo files HPalnm Top files CERCLE 1 GEO 84 05 99 LAMBERGG GEO 85 85 99 GRILLEGA GEO 65 85 99 ALTI08 GEO 85 85 99 Associated Help menu Displayed by pressing F1 removed by pressing Esc el Del Delete ea file Clr Delete all files Esc Abandon 4 Quit According to context Press the Del key to delete the selected file Press the Clr key to delete all the geo files stored in the palmtop i e all the listed files D 16 DSNP Base Station Con
120. ional range up to 20 km KART fix rate 10 Hz with latency lt 0 1 second Accuracy 5 mm 1 ppm 95 at 1 s rate 5 SVs or more HDOP lt 4 UHF coverage up to 40 km depending on installation conditions particularly station antenna height compared with mobile antenna height MK 6002 SK specific performance Automatic OTF On the Fly initialization from 5 SVs Operational range up to 50 km LRK fix rate 10 Hz with latency lt 0 1 second LRK accuracy lt 1 cm at 20 km lt 2 cm at 40 km at 1 s rate UHF coverage up to 40 km depending on installation conditions particularly station antenna height compared with mobile antenna height All GPS receivers are subject to degradation of position amp velocity accuracy under US selective availability S A policy The geometry of the GPS constellation also influences the accuracy B 8 DSNP Introduction to the DSNP Scorpio 6000 series Block Diagrams Block Diagrams 6001 MP amp 6001 SP The 6001 MP and 6001 SP are simple GNSS single frequency recorders fitted with a PCMCIA drive They differ from each other only by their accessory kits L1 antenna 6001 SP Accessory kit or 6001 MP Accessory kit __ Accessories Receiver POWER COMPUTER 1 0 A RS232 B RS232 r GNSS Engine L1 PCMCIA Recorder 16 char x 2 line Status Display ON OFF Scroll Keyboard DSNP B 9 Introdu
121. ired Geocodes 1 amp 2 directly type a geocode in each field or choose a pre defined one after pressing gt Averaging time in seconds Average All the solutions acquired during this time will be averaged and only the solution resulting from this computation will be logged enter 0 if you just wish to log the 1st position solution available GPS antenna height above ground Comment Then after pressing PgDn Geocodes 3 amp 4 directly type a geocode in each field or choose a pre defined one after pressing Uncertainty on position see page 4 89 Na a PT ati eocode Geocode 2 oe Average Antenna ai with Comment u d 8 065m 15 969m d 8 865n 15 969m 4 24 DSNP Operating Instructions on the Rover Unit Surveying target points Staking Out Associated Help menu be Displayed by pressing F1 removed F3 Logg by pressing Esc ihnces taints display Ese Abandon Logging see 7 below Quit Uncertainty Display see page 4 89 7 While still maintaining the GPS antenna mast in position press the F3 key Stay immobile until the buzzer bleeps waiting time depends on chosen averaging time The following is displayed during this time example The end of recording is denoted by the display of the target points list on the screen Note that the point you have just surveyed is now marked with a letter corresponding to the processing mode used L for LRK etc
122. is Jan 6 1980 at Ohr00 I point identifier character 49 GPS week and time are optional G 2 DSNP Results files in ASCII SVAR format Points list 1_ Point description line lt Point type gt 10 reference point or staked out reference point 11 staked out reference point modified by operator 12 staked out reference point through linear offset 13 staked out reference point through lateral offset 20 staked out target point 21 staked out target point modified by operator 22 staked out target point through linear offset 23 staked out target point through lateral offset 30 logged point 31 logged point modified by operator 32 logged point through linear offset 33 logged point through lateral offset 34 logged point through intersection of lines 50 logged point during trajectory work 51 logged point during trajectory work modified by operator 60 to 69 Intermediate points involved in point offset procedure 70 to 79 Points involved in the computation of grid parameters 80 to 89 Points involved in the computation of altitude correction parameters G DSNP G 3 Results files in ASCII SVAR format Points list lt point number gt recording number software set lt labell1 gt pointname 12 characters max lt labell2 gt geocode 1 12 characters max lt labell3 gt geocode 2 12 characters max lt labell4 gt geocode 3 12 characters max lt labell5 gt
123. itations arise from the uncorrelation of tropospheric errors and from the errors on the broadcast ephemerides but those errors have a much smaller impact in terms of amplitude As a result the only practical limitation is dependent on the quality of the radio link several tens kilometers in the case of the DSNP UHF link When it comes to solving for the ambiguous terms in carrier phase measurements resorting to two frequency is still more beneficial Combining the two frequencies makes it possible to get a wavelength of 86 cm L2 L1 which decreases the number of solutions that may be retained around the approximate position and increases the separation between any two possible solutions All those features allow the initialization time to be substantially reduced and they significantly increase the reliability of the solution C 4 DSNP KART LRK General Principles LRK As many tests have been conducted that reveal the merits of the technique used in the KART system the same processes can be used with the following enhancements Recursive computation of the approximate solution in addition to the pseudo ranges C A code and phase triple difference on L1 a triple difference is computed on the phase of L2 and on L1 L2 pseudo ranges P Y code This leads to a faster convergence towards the actual solution On each epoch computation of a double difference solution only one with resolved integers With the LRK met
124. ition mode and let the station operate in this mode for a time that you specify From the main menu select i using lt or gt 3 10 In the function menu which then appears select Average Position using the J key DSNP Operating Instructions at the base station Programming the base station Quick Procedure Press 4 to validate this function Press the R key Inthe edit box which then appears type in the period of time hh mm during which the station should operate in the Average Position mode Choose this time according to the figures given in the table below Operating time in Resulting uncertainty Average Position on station s mode coordinates Then press The base station then starts running in the Average Position mode status in the upper left field Running From this time the coordinate fields on this screen will be updated as new solutions are available At the end of the planned time new status Stop they will contain the average coordinates of the station DSNP 3 11 Operating Instructions at the base station Programming the base station Quick Procedure 3 12 After the station has left the Average Position mode do the following Unless already done from the main menu select BE and then select Average Position Press the A key to transfer the averaged position to the Position function screen The station is now ready to operate in UHF transmission mode
125. ization dd mm yyyy hh mm ss lt value12 gt Number of initialization cause lt label13 gt Label of initialization cause G 8 DSNP Results files in ASCII SVAR format Datum Datum lt stx gt lt eoln gt G lt GPS week gt lt GPS time gt lt eoln gt 1 lt datum No datum name gt lt eoln gt 2 lt A value gt lt 1 F value gt lt S value gt lt unit code gt lt eoln gt 3 lt Dx value gt lt Dy value gt lt Dz value gt lt unit code gt lt eoln gt x4 lt Ax value gt lt Ay value gt lt Az value gt lt unit code gt lt eoln gt 1st line Identification of the datum used The reference is the WGS84 If it is unknown the datum number is 0 and lines 2 to 4 are not provided Projection parameters n lines are required to describe the projection parameters whose identifier is lt n gt Projection parameters are always preceded by the characteristics of the datum used The first line contains the number of the projection type This number indicates the algorithm used Is may be followed by a label containing the instance name for the projection type The labels listed below are just examples DSNP G 9 Results files in ASCII SVAR format Projection parameters If the projection is unknown line 1 reads 1 0 0 and the next lines 2 and 3 are not provided lt value1 gt in line 1 qualifies the coordinate system used 0 not used 1 standard coordin
126. kind of measurement USER measurement illustration example Tape vertical Upper point Phase center Lower point If as opposed to the illustration above the tape hook is placed on the upper point and the tape tip on the landmark do not forget to add 0 12 m to the value you read on the scale 3 6 DSNP Operating Instructions at the base station Programming the base station Quick Procedure Programming the base station Quick Procedure Preamble lf the station does not need to be programmed or re programmed somebody else did it for you just press the ON OFF push button on the receiver front panel and then check that the station reaches its operational status by reading the information reported on the station s status display screen No 0 see Appendix H If changes have to be made to the programming of the station connect the palmtop and run the Palmtop software as explained hereafter In this section it is assumed that the software has been properly installed if required refer to Appendix H for software loading In addition a complete reference documentation for this software when used at a base station is provided in Appendix D Basically a station can function in two different operating modes e The Average position mode in which the station is requested to provide a position solution of its own location at the end of a certain time by continually
127. l to come DSNP DSNP Preparing a project Placing reference points on the map E N H check buttons They define the type of the reference point Three types are possible 1D point Obtained by checking the H button and clearing either of the other two buttons 2D point Obtained by clearing the H button and checking either of the other two buttons The E and N buttons are then checked 3D point Obtained by checking the H button and either of the other two buttons All three buttons are then checked E N H text boxes Planned coordinates of the reference point resulting from where you clicked on the map If you change E or N the icon will appear at a location different from where you clicked Any change in these boxes should be consistent with the type of point 1D 2D 3D you choose see E N H check buttons just above Notes pane Add comments or recommendations of any kind which you want to associate to this point optional When the definition is complete click the OK button This causes the dialog box to disappear and a new Reference Point icon to appear on the map mg Create other reference points if necessary using the same procedure Do not forget to save the project at regular intervals by clicking in the toolbar 2 9 Preparing a project Placing target points on the map 2 10 Placing target points on the map With your project still open in the KISS window do the following
128. lE eee eeeeeeeeeeeeeteteeeeeeeeneeeees D 1 Palmtop display siainen ards ieee caer D 1 KEYS and MENUS cesscecs cae cns eteevtereteecsacetieeageeieotaauaseceeenetensctas D 1 Getting startede inean anasino harani D 6 Station COMO eseru aieiaiei NE iea D 8 ANTENNA sisiraan a E AEn A D 8 erite a EE E EE T D 9 Transmitters oairena nonen E A D 12 Average position s anssenesereererenirnnnrrnnnrtuneninnnnrrunnnnnaaiennann ennenen D 13 File Managements iiaeiai RA A D 15 MGMONY eioriniheni snaar roaraa tines EEA N EEEE D 15 aw Datta saeco c sesteeceiecessotauets becaneg uedeceedsiueaeepieccieensteanesunteseegeaceaeeee D 17 DS SSIOMS aeee en ER aae E E OERE EA ENRE D 18 Nole Sinnen a eee eee D 22 DSNP Scorpio 600x xK Series User s Manual Appendices OV Sa sia uaabieuadsaactandaldiuustnaddiasaaavtesieabisessaraieesteadsouuaaates D 24 Visible Constellation ccccccccccccssssssceeeeeessseseeeeeeeesesssseeeeeeeees D 24 DESEISCH OM csr oinn i a iE D 26 Coordinate System Used cceeccececeeeeeeeeeeeeeseeeeeseeeeeeeeeenees D 27 DQUUIM A E TE E eatianie D 27 PROJGCUON AE EEEE E D 28 Change to WGS84 siirroissa e inii D 28 Load Geodesy ceeececeseeeeseeceneeeeaeeteaeeeeaeeteaeeesaeeteaeeeeaeetsaeeenates D 29 Eolo KEIN o PaE E E D 30 Height COMPOTION cccigesiieadescecesdusenaesceacessnncsternagepati recaeaseeseaduncentases D 31 System TOOIS caissara leiden dees D 32 EAEE EEE id aiden hide eee D 32 Configurat
129. lt points view and create a profile view the points coordinates view the points graphically projected onto a plane compute distances and surfaces read and create notes DSNP Downloading field data Introduction 5 Downloading field data Introduction Downloading field data requires the use of the KISS module from the DSNP 3SPack software package In this section we will just outline the main steps of field data downloading using this module It is assumed that the DSNP 3SPack software package has been properly installed and the dongle allowing the PC to run that package has been connected to the parallel port For detailed information on how to install 3SPack and how to use KISS please refer to the corresponding manual 3SPack Reference Manual Part No 0311366 Collecting the results of a survey Back at the office do the following with your PC Run KISS A Insert the PCMCIA containing the completed job into the drive Inthe toolbar click l or from the Transfer menu select the Read Results command This action is also possible if there is no project open in the KISS window which will be the case if you work on a PC other than the one used to prepare the job In the Read Results dialog box which then appears select the job you have just completed in the field DSNP 5 1 Downloading field data Collecting the results of a survey Click the OK button Once KISS has successfully retrieved
130. m lt stb gt lt U gt lt long gt lt lono UTC data gt lt checksum gt lt etb gt e lono UTC Data 2 bytes 2 bytes 24 bytes 2 bytes 1 byte Bits 1 to 24 from words 3 to 10 in subframe 4 page 18 declared valid by the GPS sensor SBIN S Health amp A S data e General form lt stb gt lt S gt lt long gt lt A S amp Health data gt lt Health data gt lt checksum gt lt etb gt e Health amp A S Data A S amp Health Health DSNP 2 bytes 2 bytes 24 bytes 24 bytes 2 bytes 1 byte Bits 1 to 24 from words 3 to 10 in subframe 4 page 25 declared valid by the GPS sensor Bits 1 to 24 from words 3 to 10 in subframe 5 page 25 declared valid by the GPS sensor amp GPS Raw Data in SBIN format SBIN S Health amp A S data F 12 DSNP Results files in ASCII SVAR format File Header G Results files in ASCII SVAR format File Header lt stx gt lt eoln gt L lt GPS week gt lt GPS time gt lt eoln gt 1 lt labell 1 gt lt label12 gt lt label13 gt lt eoln gt 2 lt label2 1 gt lt label22 gt lt eoln gt IL line lt GPS week gt GPS week number lt GPS time gt GPS time in week in seconds Reference time is Jan 6 1980 at Ohr00 4 Header line 1 lt labell 1 gt Time when file first opened mm mm yyyy hh mm ss lt label12 gt Operator name 20 characters max lt label13 gt Work area label 8 characters max 2 Header line 2
131. me you run this function which is not the case with the Next Point function Another difference is that criteria combination is possible with Next Point not with Search Creating a point Continued from page 4 7 or 4 60 In the context described in either of these pages the following screen will appear after you press the C key Kind of point Ea Select the type of point you wish to create and press the Yes key The screen which then appears allows you to enter the characteristics of the new point default values those of the point selected in the list DSNP DSNP Operating Instructions on the Rover Unit Ancillary procedures Make the necessary changes Example reate a point Nane Then press PgDn and make the necessary changes Example Geocode 2 Geocode 3 Geocode 4 Comment When the definition is complete and as suggested by the associated Help menu elp F3 Stove Esc Abandon F4 Quit press the F3 key to store the new point 4 65 4 Operating Instructions on the Rover Unit Ancillary procedures Creating a line Continued from page 4 7 or 4 60 The notion of line is just used in the rover unit to create a series of aligned points There are two ways of creating a line either you define the start point the azimuth of the line and any 2 of the following 3 parameters number of points in the line basic distance between any tw
132. mputer e Re loading software after formatting the palmtop disk In this case the procedure differs from the preceding one in the way the palmtop communications utility is run Because H BAT is absent proceed as follows onthe palmtop at the DOS prompt type in hcom lt space gt c2 and then press run TOPOFR TOPOUK or TOPOSP as explained earlier Maintenance steps e Resetting the palmtop If for any reason the palmtop gets stuck because of illegal operations on the keyboard for example although this should not have such a consequence the processor should be reset using a particular key combination an operation similar to the well known Ctrl Alt Del on PCs To reset the processor press simultaneously the ON red key and the two I keys on either side of the Yes key until the screen turns blank Then release the keys and follow the instructions on the screen type any key confirm date and time DSNP H 23 H Troubleshooting amp Software Installation FSGS Palmtop Computer e Reformatting the disk H 24 Although this should be extremely rare you will have to re format the disk if one of the following messages is returned by the palmtop Bad Sector in Drive C or Verify failed sector x x or Data corrupted or Potential Data Corruption Detected If the palmtop is still reactive to DOS commands such as DIR please skip the next paragraph Fatal errors and read Util directly
133. ms e The buzzer will beep in the following cases At the end of every auto test incase of LRK or KART re initialisation In case of invalid data entry or display request or other errors e Low battery alarm A beep will be heard and the Battery is low message will appear Battery icon in the status area will blink until you change the battery e Satellite alarm Satellite icon in the status area will blink until 4 SVs or more can be received e Low UHF level alarm A beep will be heard when the reserve of UHF reception level drops below 3 dB UHF reception icon in the status area will blink until reception conditions come back to normal e Communications problem with receiver A beep will be heard and the Receiver not responding message will appear Getting started Assuming the rover unit is now ready and you have the palmtop in hand do the following From the DOS prompt type in T or t and press J The following screen appears denoting auto tests in progress DSNP 4 9 4 Operating Instructions on the Rover Unit Getting started 4 10 At the end of the auto tests the Choose a job screen will appear asking you to specify the job you want to perform Then the Choose a file screen will appear asking you to choose the file in which you want to record your survey see next page for more information about these choices Then the main menu will appear from which you can run any f
134. n page 4 64 View Press the V key to view the definition of the selected point Next point Press the N key to select the point you defined as the next point see below Configure next point Press the P key to define the nature of the next point to be continued in page 4 63 Geocode display Allows you to choose which geocode 1 2 3 or 4 should be displayed in the list of points View 2D Projects the locations of the points onto a plane see page 4 69 This view accurately shows the distribution of the points in the two dimensional XY space 2 Press the F key to insert points into the list of points defining the surface The following dialog box displays Kind of T Reference 4 91 4 Operating Instructions on the Rover Unit Tools box 4 92 3 After making a selection press the Yes key Another dialog box appears asking you to specify the type of selection you want to do All you want to select all the points from the selected list P1 P2 you want to select all the points between two points which you have then to specify these two points will also be part of the selection By name you want to select all points whose names include a string that you must specify use if necessary By geocode you want to select all points whose geocodes include a string that you must specify use the wild card symbol if necessary Once the points selection is complete press the Yes key
135. n port B in reception Receiving error on port B 1 0 Error on port C in reception Receiving error on port C I 103 O Error on port D in reception Receiving error on port D 10 SYSTM 1 Unexpected software error DSNP H 15 H Troubleshooting amp Software Installation GNSS Receiver Rear panel Connectors GNSS Receiver Rear panel Connectors GPS antenna DC power source a battery or other To Palmtop GPS coaxial cable Power cable connected to either POWER input Diff DGPS RS232 cable antenna input AN SS A R5232 B R5232 DASSAULT NP SERCEL Fuse 2 A DGPS connector Port D H 16 DSNP Troubleshooting amp Software Installation GNSS Receiver Rear panel Connectors COMPUTER connector RS232 Port A type JKX FD1G 07 MSSDSM plug JBX1 MPN manufacturer FCI pin view I O connector RS232 Port B type JKX FD1G 07 MSSDSM plug JBX1 MPN manufacturer FCI pin view POWER connector type JKX FD1G 04 MSSDSM plug JBX1 MPN manufacturer FCI DSNP H 17 H Troubleshooting amp Software Installation GNSS Receiver Rear panel Connectors TNC male TNC male coaxial connector coaxial connector to from optional DGPS GNSS antenna input antenna en hee DGPS connector RS422 Port D pin view 15 C SubD female type For exclusive use by DSNP UHF transmitter 1 output 2 output RXD input 1 Peo eooo 7 presence presence Reserve
136. n the signals used DSNP A 1 Introduction to GNSS Signals Signals The signals transmitted by the satellites fall into two categories signals used to control the system and signals used for measurements within receivers user segment The first type of signal is transmitted in the S band on the following frequencies 1 783 74 kHz for links from the control station to the satellites 2227 5 kHz for links from the satellites to the monitoring stations The second type of signal is for signals known as L1 and L2 transmitted in the L band on the following frequencies L1 1 575 42 kHz L2 1 227 6 kHz SATELLITE SIGNAL FUNDAMENTAL FREQUENCY 10 23 MHz q C A CODE 1 023 MHz 50 BPS SATELLITE MESSAGE DSNP DSNP Introduction to GNSS Navigation Message Navigation Message The Navigation Message contains the necessary information for the description of the constellation and for the position computation The message includes orbital Keplerian parameters precisely defining the orbits of the satellites It also includes parameters used to partially correct system errors e g signal propagation errors satellite clock errors etc The complete message is contained in a data frame that is 1500 bits long with a total duration of 30 seconds i e the data transmission clock rate is 50 bits second The 1500 bit frame is divided into five 300 bit subframes each with a 6 s
137. n you select it with the mouse pointer Selected icon green point name with dark blue background Deselected icon dark blue point name with yellow background Before surveying Target points Reference points z 0 After surveying With known horizontal system A Logged points Target points Reference points r Paors pno7s Petona k 4 x Within Outside acceptable acceptable deviation deviation green red DSNP 5 3 Downloading field data Graphic Conventions With unknown horizontal system Logged points Target points Reference points 4 84 84 84 Other cases where some reference points may be involved in the following computations These points will be represented as follows after you validate the results of the processing After computing After computing After computing datum shifts local grid vertical correction Ref 3 Ret 4 pa A H H DSNP Downloading field data Editing a point surveyed at the planned location Editing a point surveyed at the planned location In the toolbar select BI and then double click on the surveyed point whether a reference point or a target point The dialog box which then appears includes the following additional information compared with the same dialog box before surveying the point In the General tab While only the Target radio button could be checked before the survey you can now check the Result or Error radi
138. ncertainty on position see page 4 89 6 6 m Logging _1 2 Name i Geocode 1 Geocode 2 be 2 Change some of the parameters on this screen if necessary Name of logged point default point Geocodes 1 amp 2 directly type a geocode in each field or choose a pre defined one after pressing gt Averaging time in seconds Average All the solutions acquired during this time will be averaged and only the solution resulting from this computation will be logged enter 0 if you just wish to log the 1st position solution available GPS antenna height above ground Comment DSNP DSNP Associated Help menu Operating Instructions on the Rover Unit Logging points After pressing PgDn you can also change Geocodes 3 amp 4 directly type a geocode in each field or choose a pre defined one after pressing Name you have just defined for the logged point tk ging 127 ane poin Geocode 3 Geocode 4 Help Displayed by pressing F1 removed F3 Logg by pressing Esc T display Esc Abandon Logging see 3 below Quit Uncertainty Display see page 4 89 3 While maintaining the GPS antenna mast in position press the F3 key Stay immobile until the buzzer bleeps waiting time depends on chosen averaging time The following is displayed during this time example The end of recording is denoted by the display of the default characteristics for the next point to
139. nction allows you to define the lower operating limit of battery voltage Soraa Sont igueation n Battery alarm Unit This function allows you to choose the units used to express angles and distances Release This function gives information about the versions and revisions of the hardware elements composing the system Ca DSNP D 33 Base Station Control System Tools D 34 DSNP Notation rules used in SVAR and SBIN formats SVAR E Notation rules used in SVAR and SBIN formats SVAR Reserved characters 02h lt StX gt Beginning of message 21h Format indicator 2Ch Field delimiter 40h Checksum delimiter 2Eh Decimal separator 22h Beginning and end of label ODh OAh lt eoln gt End of line 03h lt etx gt End of message Subscript letter h at the end of a character string means that this string is in hexadecimal notation Conventions used field Generic term representing one or more data data Numerical value or label lt gt Surrounds a field name lt stx gt Beginning of message 02h lt sobk gt Beginning of block one or more characters identifies beginning of block lt soln gt Beginning of line one or more characters identifies beginning of line in a block lt eoln gt End of line 2 characters CR LF ODh OAh lt etx gt End of message 03 DSNP E 1 Notation rules used in SVAR and SBIN formats SVAR The term block stands for a group of
140. ne or more notes which the operator creates when needed Whenever the operator creates a note this new note is placed after the previously created one at the end of the file The format of each note is the following 1 Date 2 Time 3 Name of the job in progress 4 Note as such text 150 characters max in length Accessing the notepad is simply obtained by the key combination Shift F1 from anywhere in the program After you press Shift F1 the palmtop displays the list of the notes present in the notepad In the example below two notes are listed 2 First note a econd note wr ey __ aa Time when note was D but du texte de la created note truncated at the end of the line DSNP DSNP Base Station Control File Management Associated Help menu Displayed by pressing F1 removed by pressing Esc Yes Edit a note Del Delete a note Cle Delete all notes Esc Abandon elp i 2 Create a note T Transfer notes According to context After selecting a note in the list press the Yes key to edit the content of the note This command allows you to make changes to the content of a note Press the C key to create a new note and write into it After selecting a note in the list press the Del key to delete this note Press the Clr key to delete all the notes Press the T key to transfer the notepad file hence all the notes to the PCMCIA First you mus
141. ng Height correlation Height standard deviation Weighting factor standard deviation Count of measurements involved in qualification processing Kind of position solution 1 11 21 31 41 51 61 71 81 Natural DGPS EDGPS L1 KART R KART A EDGPS L1 L2 LRK R LRK A OFFSET DSNP Results files in ASCII SVAR format Points list A or B or C line describing Differential station used lt Dif station No gt identification number of a differential station involved in the position solution processing lt X ECEF gt lt Y ECEF gt lt Z ECEF gt Coordinates of a differential station involved in the position solution processing T line containing the planned position of a point to be staked out lt XT gt lt YT gt lt ZT gt planned ground position in local coordinates of a reference or target point lt point type gt 1 for 1D 2 for 2D 3 for 3D DSNP G 7 Results files in ASCII SVAR format Kinematic re initialization Kinematic re initialization Output every time the receiver is re initialized in real time kinematic lt stx gt lt eoln gt K lt GPS week gt lt GPS time gt lt eoln gt 1 lt labell 1 gt lt value12 gt lt label13 gt lt eoln gt lt etx gt IK Time tagging line lt GPS week gt GPS week number lt GPS time gt GPS time in week in seconds Reference time is Jan 6 1980 at Ohr00 Header line 1 lt labell1 gt local date amp time of initial
142. nit Getting started 4 14 Choosing a file When starting the rover unit the screen corresponding to this function is automatically displayed at the end of the auto tests after you have chosen a job Cursor TPT a a a 81251831 File name select Choose a file 2 to come back to this screen Associated Help menu elp Yes Select C Create a new file View Esc Abandon F4 Quit Displayed by pressing F1 removed by pressing Esc According to context Press the Yes key to choose the file you marked with the cursor in the list of available files The screen then comes back to the main menu Orpress the C key to create a new file A new screen appears allowing you to create this file up to 5 files max can be created for a job DSNP DSNP Checking operating conditions before starting a survey Operating Instructions on the Rover Unit Getting started 1261137 _ ___ _ 26 81 99 11 37 46 7 ee cit carquefo 2 008m im Apart from the Date field which contains the current date amp time dd mm yy hh mm ss all parameters on this screen can be changed The default name assigned to the file is the current date amp time format mmddhhmm Press 1 when you agree with the definition of the file Or press the V key to view the properties of the file same type of screen as the previous one Read the indications provided in the status area of the palm
143. nna operating temperature 40 C to 70 C Humidity 100 fully sealed Receiver unit standard features 12 GPS channel L1 receiver 4 WAAS EGNOS compatible channels 6001 12 GPS channel L1 L2 receiver fully operational with P code encryption 4 WAAS EGNOS compatible channels Multi path mitigation techniques and low noise observables GNSS raw data output 10 Hz rate ASCII or binary formats Built in UHF receiver for 600x MK Frequency band 410 470 MHz Channelizing 12 5 kHz Modulation types GMSK 4800 bits s B 6 DQPSK 1200 bits s DSNP Introduction to the DSNP Scorpio 6000 series 6001 MP 6001 SP specific performance data Plug in UHF transmitter for 600x SK Frequency band Channelizing Output power Modulation types 410 470 MHz 12 5 kHz 4W GMSK 4800 bits s DQPSK 1200 bits s 6001 MP 6001 SP specific performance data Rapid Static accuracy 5 mm 1 ppm up to 15 km Kinematic accuracy lt 2 cm up to 15 km 6002 MP 6002 SP specific performance data LR Rapid Static accuracy lt 2 cm up to 50 km LR Kinematic accuracy lt 2 cm up to 15 km LR Kinematic accuracy lt 5 cm up to 50 km DSNP B 7 B Introduction to the DSNP Scorpio 6000 series 6001 MK 6001 SK specific performance data 6001 MK 6001 SK specific performance data 6002 data Automatic OTF On the Fly initialization from 5 SVs within 12 km baseline Operat
144. not be allowed to change the settings of the base station if it is currently transmitting or operating in Average Position mode e Entering the GPS antenna height This function is automatically selected on completion of the self tests In other contexts select MM by using lt or gt to access this function In the function menu which then appears select Antenna by using the 4 key and then press DSNP Operating Instructions at the base station Programming the base station Quick Procedure Press lt until the upper right field is selected Press gt and from the selection menu which then appears select User or DSNP depending on the measurement made see page 3 4 Move the cursor to the next field and enter your measurement If you chose User you may have to enter two measurements instead of one with DSNP see illustration opposite the entry fields Press 1 The resulting true height of the antenna appears on the right Press the Esc key to come back to the main menu 3 e Loading the coordinate system from the PCMCIA Insert the PCMCIA prepared for the job into the GNSS receiver of the base station o From the main menu select Q by using lt or gt Inthe function menu which then appears select Load Geodesy using the 4 key Press 4 to validate this function The screen then indicates the names of the jobs contained in the PCMCIA Choose one and press again to let the pr
145. ntation System For Europe EGNOS European Geostationary Navigation Overlay System For Japan MSAS Multi transport Satellite Augmentation System Ga A 6 DSNP DSNP Introduction to the DSNP Scorpio 6000 series Preamble B Introduction to the DSNP Scorpio 6000 series Preamble Welcome to the DSNP Scorpio 6000 series We hope that this equipment will give you full satisfaction The DSNP Scorpio 6000 series has been designed for land surveys As you know the modular concept adopted in the design of the 6000 series has made it possible to optimize the purchase of your surveying equipment by allowing you to buy just the necessary pieces of equipment needed for your applications From the operational point of view the DSNP Scorpio 6000 series can be divided into two categories Recorders 600x xP for post processed land surveys collected data necessarily post processed by 3SPack software after field operations Receivers 600x xK with integrated real time processing KART Kart Application Real Time or LRK Long Range Kinematic Post processing with 3SPack is also possible but not necessary All the products from the Scorpio 6000 series come by pairs A roving receiver 600x Mx Astationary receiver or station 600x Sx except for post processing in which 2 600x SP units are required In this section we will describe the whole 6000 series from the basic system up to the most sophistic
146. o button Checking the Result radio button will cause the coordinates of the position solution to appear just below as E N and H Note that these coordinates are dimmed no changes allowed Checking the Error radio button will cause the components of the deviation between the planned and measured position to appear just below as DE DN and DH The Delta figure just below stands for the modulus of the deviation vector This figure will be re computed if you change the type of the point 1D 2D or 3D for a reference point 2D or 3D for a target point which you can easily do by simply checking clearing the check buttons associated with DE DN and DH DSNP 5 5 Downloading field data Editing a point surveyed at the planned location 5 6 In this tab opposite these results a diagram illustrates the position solution In the examples below the radius of the circle represents the 2D projection of the specified acceptable deviation A Target point whose solution is located within the acceptable deviation limit vertical flag and segment in green B Target point whose solution is located outside the acceptable deviation limit vertical flag and segment in red C 3D target point whose solution is located outside the acceptable deviation limit due to the vertical component of the deviation vertical flag and segment in red although they remain within the circle DSNP Downloading field data Editing a point surv
147. o consecutive points total length of the line or you simply define the start point the end point and the number of points along the line or the basic distance between any two consecutive points The end point can be the location of a target point a reference point or a result point In both cases the start location of the line is necessarily that provided by the currently selected point In the context described in page 4 7 or 4 60 the following screen type will appear after you press the L key Name of selected point This point provides the location of the beginning of the line On this screen enter the parameters defining the line If you want to define the end of the line with a point then you don t need to enter an azimuth angle 4 66 DSNP Operating Instructions on the Rover Unit Ancillary procedures Then press the PgDn key On the new screen which then appears enter a name for the start point of the line and the possible associated geocodes Screen example reate a line 2 2 ane aa eocode 1 eocode 2 pie eocode 3 118 eocode 4 ai onnent Preferably choose a name for the start point so that a numerical string is included at the end of this name e g tarpt001 In fact when you store the line i e you let the program create the aligned target points automatic point naming is performed on the basis of the start point s name the program then incrementing by
148. o1 minute Bit 2 Bit 3 1 Bits 4to 6 0 reserved Bit 7 1 dual frequency measurements e Satellite Raw Data 1st byte SV number Next 4 bytes C A code pseudorange unit 10 s modulo 0 4 s Next byte bits 0 to 4 Level indicator C No 26 in dB Hz bits 5 6 and 7 channel status bit 5 0 if P code 1 if Y code bit 6 1 if L2pyy phase measurement not valid bit 7 1 if L1c a phase measurement not valid Next 3 bytes L1cya carrier phase unit 1 0 cycle modulo 10 cycles Next 3 bytes L1cya carrier phase unit 4x10 cycles s field 32 kHz MSB sign 800000 measurement not valid Next byte L1cyq carrier quality indicator Bits 0 to 4 cumulative loss of continuity indicator complies with RTCM message No 18 counter modulo 32 incremented every time the continuity of the carrier phase measurement is lost DSNP F 5 GPS Raw Data in SBIN format SBIN R Dual frequency GPS pseudoranges in satellite time Next byte Bits 5 to 7 data quality indicator complies with RTCM message No 18 000 001 010 O11 100 101 110 111 phase error lt 0 00391 cycle phase error lt 0 00696 cycle phase error lt 0 01239 cycle phase error lt 0 02208 cycle phase error lt 0 03933 cycle phase error lt 0 07006 cycle phase error lt 0 12480 cycle phase error gt 0 12480 cycle C A code quality indicator Bits 0 to 3 pseudorange multipath error indicator c
149. of the reference station as received by the roving unit Baseline Measured distance between target point and reference station Correlation Matrix As the correlation matrix in fact qualifies the baseline measurement rather than the position solution alone it is maintained in the lower part of the dialog box whether the GNSS or the DGNSS button is checked Editing a logged point Same as a planned point see page 5 5 except that neither a target nor a deviation error is reported in the General tab 5 8 DSNP Downloading field data Editing a planned point surveyed through offset procedure Editing a planned point surveyed through offset procedure In the toolbar select BI and then double click on the surveyed point whether a reference point or a target point The dialog box which then appears includes the following additional information compared with the same dialog box before surveying the point In the General tab While only the Target radio button could be checked before the survey you can now check the Result or Error radio button Checking the Result radio button will cause the coordinates of the position solution to appear just below as E N and H Note that these coordinates are dimmed no changes allowed Checking the Error radio button will cause the components of the deviation between the planned and measured position to appear just below as DE DN and DH necessarily all 0 000 m The Delta fi
150. ogram load the coordinate system from that job to the base station loading is instantaneous Press the Esc key to come back to the main menu DSNP 3 9 Operating Instructions at the base station Programming the base station Quick Procedure e Entering the station position From the main menu select 8 by using lt or gt In the function menu which then appears select Position by using the J key Press 4 to validate this function In the new screen which then appears enter the three coordinates of the station expressed in the coordinate system used indicated in top line If they are not accurately known enter approximate coordinates You will then have to select the Average Position mode see below Note that this screen also indicates the current value of antenna height with respect to ground The station position can also be loaded from a PCMCIA In this case however you must check that the point loaded from the PCMCIA is expressed in the same coordinate system as the one currently used in the base station After inserting the PCMCIA into the reader do the following Select the Position function Press the F key Select a file in the list which appears and then press gt Select the point you want to use and then press gt again This loads the coordinates of this point to the receiver as the position of the station e If the coords of the station are not accurate enough select the Average Pos
151. omplies with RTCM message No 19 1111 multipath error not determined Bits 4 to 7 pseudorange data quality indicator complies with RTCM message No 19 0000 0001 0010 0011 0100 0101 0110 0111 1000 1001 1010 1011 1100 1101 1110 1111 pseudorange error lt 0 020 pseudorange error lt 0 030 pseudorange error lt 0 045 pseudorange error lt 0 066 pseudorange error lt 0 099 pseudorange error lt 0 148 pseudorange error lt 0 220 pseudorange error gt 0 329 pseudorange error lt 0 491 pseudorange error lt 0 732 pseudorange error lt 1 092 pseudorange error lt 1 629 pseudorange error lt 2 430 pseudorange error lt 3 625 pseudorange error lt 5 409 pseudorange error gt 5 409 DSNP GPS Raw Data in SBIN format SBIN R Dual frequency GPS pseudoranges in satellite time Next byte L1pyy L1cya carrier phase deviation centered around zero unit 1 256th cycle MSB sign 80 measurement not valid Next 2 bytes PL1 C AL1 code deviation unit 10 s field 3 2 us MSB sign 8000n measurement not valid Next 2 bytes PL2 C A code deviation unit 10 s field 3 2 us MSB sign 8000h measurement not valid Next 3 bytes L2p y carrier phase unit 1 0 cycles modulo 10 cycles of L2 Next 3 bytes L2p y carrier speed unit 4x1 0 cycles s field 32 kHz MSB sign 800000p measurement not valid Next byte L2 carrier quality
152. on the FSGS display If not so please refer to page H 27 No charging in progress message At equipment delivery the FSGS is fitted with a NiCd battery pack so there is no particular precaution to be taken If later for any reason alkaline cells have been placed inside the palmtop the first thing you will have to do before using the palmtop attached to the receiver will be to replace these cells with the NiCd pack Warning To avoid pressurization problems inside the FSGS when it is taken on an airline trip the battery cap has been loosened before shipment Do not forget to lock this cap as this is required to maintain proper sealing DSNP Troubleshooting amp Software Installation FSGS Palmtop Computer Software loading At equipment delivery the FSGS palmtop is ready for use which means that the Palmtop software is present in the palmtop However in case of software upgrades or disk re formatting you will have to re load the software on your own using the procedure described below NOTE On the palmtop remember you always use this program whether you are programming a base station or surveying with the rover unit After detecting the type of the attached receiver the program will configure itself to offer the right interface e Running HCOM Communications utility Connect the palmtop to a PC type computer using the 9 pin f f cable provided marked with a red sleeve On the palmtop run HCOM by
153. ou are programming a base station or surveying with the rover unit After detecting the type of the attached receiver i e a base station or a rover unit this program will configure itself to offer the right interface Palmtop display All screens are divided into two distinct areas as shown below The status area is permanently shown 0 if transmission OFF or Count of SV corrections transmitted if transmission ON Count of SVs used Transmit indicator Battery indicator Parameter Area Status Area Count of SVs used i Blinking icon if the count of SVs drops and remains below 4 Transmit indicator dj tj on Respectively OFF and ON Keys and menus A few keys and menu types need to be known for best use of the Palmtop Software program DSNP D 1 D Base Station Control Introduction to Palmtop software e Main menu screen The main menu shows the 6 groups of functions available in the form of icons see below 3 EA i SCORPIO Te a p 6002 SK p 02 02 998 y Q 17 54 51 i 4 5 6 Use the vertical or horizontal arrow keys T 4 gt lt to select an icon The selected icon is surrounded by dotted lines Then press to enter the corresponding function Alternately you can directly enter a function by pressing the corresponding numeral key see figures 1 to 6 in the screen example above e Function menus They are displayed after selecting an icon in the main menu
154. ou press the P key Then whenever you press the N key in the same context the program will automatically refer to the criterion you specified in the screen below to select the next point As shown on this screen you can choose one of the following 4 criteria Offset or Line Increment 1 selects point in next line 1 selects point in preceding line etc Nearest Yes No By name 12 characters max you can use one or two one at the beginning one at the end this symbol can replace one or more characters in a name By geocode 12 characters max you can use one or two one at the beginning one at the end this symbol can replace one or more characters in a geocode You can combine several criteria You cannot however combine the Nearest criterion with the Offset criterion DSNP 4 63 4 Operating Instructions on the Rover Unit Ancillary procedures 4 64 Search function Continued from page 4 7 or 4 60 In the context described in either of these pages the following screen will appear after you press the S key earch y nane by geocode Select the desired option If you select by name or by geocode a new dialog box will appear asking you to specify the search criterion The Search and Next Point functions are much similar same purpose nearly the same criteria The main difference is that with the Search function you will have to specify a criterion every ti
155. ou want to reject or re select Press the Del key to reject or re select the highlighted SV Press the Yes key to validate all the changes made to the PRN table 4 77 4 Operating Instructions on the Rover Unit Ancillary procedures Processing amp initialisation modes The rover unit can operate in one of the following processing modes 1 Real time kinematic LRK if dual frequency KART if single frequency achieving accuracies at the centimeter level In this mode the unit can be initialized in 4 different ways OTF On the Fly Initialization with rover unit in motion start point unknown STATIC Initialization with rover unit at a standstill to within 1 cm and point unknown ZFIXED Initialization with rover unit in motion start point unknown but rover unit altitude remains constant throughout the initialization phase POINT Initialization from a known point 2 EDGPS enhanced DGPS achieving meter accuracies 3 GPS the less accurate of the three modes The default processing mode used by your rover unit is LRK or KART if L1 only and the default initialisation mode is OTF Follow the instructions below if you want to change the default setting 1 Screen 1 2 appears 4 78 DSNP DSNP Operating Instructions on the Rover Unit Ancillary procedures All initialization types can be started from this screen apart from POINT which should rather be run from screen 2 2 displayed by pres
156. portant keys Shift F1 From anywhere in the program pressing Shift F1 will allow you to access the palmtop s notepad see page D 22 Esc Pressing the Esc key will take you back to the preceding screen or will remove the Help menu from the screen or will cancel the change you make to a parameter or after the auto test will allow you to switch from the antenna height screen which automatically appears at the end of the auto test to the main menu screen F4 Pressing the F4 key will allow you to quit the program Confirm this choice by pressing or press Del to cancel the request Then a message is displayed asking you whether in the same time the receiver should be turned off press the Del key or not press e Making changes to parameters Depending on the size and type of the parameters that can be changed the program will use different scenarios to let you make that change If the screen contains numerical or alpha numerical parameters a blinking cursor will appear on the first of them D 4 DSNP Base Station Control Introduction to Palmtop software To change this parameter simply type in the new value Note that the position of the field on the screen will be shifted to the left while you edit it If the size of the parameter is relatively long an edit box will appear on top of the screen to show the entire field while you edit it In both cases the new value will be validated after
157. ppears on the screen 5 Select one of the reference points you wish to use to refine the coordinate system and then press the Yes key 6 Repeat steps 4 and 5 until all the useful Linear correction reference points are transferred The rely E screen now should look like this bree i Point 3 E Point 6 Point 7 m 7 Select the first reference point in the list ref 1 walk to this point and when arrived at this point log its position by pressing the F3 key same procedure as if you were logging a point see page 4 34 After logging this point the palmtop comes back to the list of reference points NOTES The point name is now preceded by a letter indicating the valid processing mode when the point was logged example L If these reference points have been previously surveyed to refine the local grid then you do not need to resume this operation In this case you can skip steps 3 to 8 8 Repeat step 7 until all the reference points are logged Point 7 DSNP 4 57 4 Operating Instructions on the Rover Unit Refining the coordinate system by surveying reference points 9 To involve each of the surveyed reference points into the height m RTTE Bae correction computation successively select each of them and press the U key see associated Help menu Finally Point the screen should look like this e Phase 2 computing the vertical system 10 Press the Yes key to start computing the
158. procedures Screen 2 2 contains graphical and alpha numerical information about the constellation S N ratio view Elevation view Detailed information about selected channel Each vertical bar represents a reception channel The bar s amplitude is proportional to the S N ratio or the Indicates selected channel elevation of the SV received on that press or lt to select channel another channel Help menu associated with screen 2 2 elp Esc Abandon F4 Quit N Nb channels view P Parameter bargra Press the N key to define the number of channels represented on the bar graph typically 16 or 12 Press the P key to select which bar graph to show on the screen either S N Ratio or Elevation view Use the horizontal arrow keys to display complete information for the desired channel 4 76 DSNP Operating Instructions on the Rover Unit Ancillary procedures Rejecting satellites 4 A new screen appears allowing you to reject one or more GPS satellites from the position processing _iy So al 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 L Pointer wy curren 09 fig 11 12 09 1415 MF Bearden 17 M 15 20 21 22 23 24 B hetro 23 9 a8 29 38 31 32 ii satellite Rejected satellites Associated Help menu el Del Select unselect Sy Yes Accept selection Esc Abandon Quit According to context DSNP Use the arrow keys to select the PRN of the SV y
159. projection from the Projection combo box which lists all the projections available from the 3SPack database If you do not know which projection should be used select lt Unknown gt in the PROJECTION combo box As a result KISS will also set the ON DATUM combo box to lt Unknown gt You can however change this setting if you know the datum The inverse statement is also possible you can choose a projection and leave the datum lt Unknown gt DSNP Preparing a project Creating a project As you can see all the combinations are possible However the most typical ones remain projection and datum known or projection and datum unknown When you select a projection or datum in fact you load it from the 3SPack database All the parameters of this projection or datum then appear in the dialog box If necessary you can adjust the values of some of these parameters If you do so we recommend you to change the name of the projection or datum as well the PROJECTION and ON DATUM combo boxes are also editable fields In this way you will never forget that you derived your horizontal coordinate system from a standard one WARNING This new system will be stored in your project only not in the 3SPack database The different parameters of projections and datums shown in this tab are described below PROJECTION Combo box listing the projections stored in the 3Spack database Select the name of the projec
160. receiver Turn it on again while holding the Scroll push button depressed until the following message appears Config reset in progress default configuration Turn on the palmtop While self tests are being run the following message is reported Mauvaise configuration Voulez vous la recharger Press the Yes key After a few seconds a bargraph appears indicating that reloading is in progress In the same time the status display on the receiver front panel reads External Config in progress At the end of reloading the palmtop screen automatically comes back to the DOS prompt C gt Ga DSNP Index 2 2D view showing geographical distribution of surveyed points 4 69 3 3SPack database 5 13 3SPack Reference Manual 2 1 A Accessory container l 1 Accurate point 4 23 Automatic power mode D 18 Average position mode 3 7 3 11 D 14 Battery compartment 1 3 Blinking icons 4 9 Buzzer indications 4 9 C Change Sequence of sessions D 18 Station parameters 4 8 D 4 To WGS84 D 28 Checking operating conditions before starting a job 4 15 Configuration D 33 Control segment A 1 Count of SVs used bargraph D 1 Creating a job without having to resort to KISS 4 12 DSNP Scorpio 600x xK Series User s Manual Index Current processing mode 4 5 D Data link 3 7 DGPS antenna input 1 10 DSNP measurement antenna height D 9 EGNOS B 6 Elevation view 4 76 D 25 Error Repo
161. ressing Esc elp i 2 Stop P Pause g paun oggin B Sound ON OFF Esc Abandon Press the S key to definitively stop the trajectory surveying Press the P key to suspend the surveying of the trajectory After pressing the P key for a pause press the R key to continue the surveying of the trajectory Press the F3 key to log an additional point This point will be part of the trajectory When selecting this function proceed as explained in page 4 34 or 4 36 Press the B key to toggle the sound setting on or off DSNP 4 45 4 Operating Instructions on the Rover Unit Surveying reference points Screen obtained with trajectory surveying paused in distance mode paused iH 1 588 244m 0 j Surveying reference points Assuming a job and a file are open From the main menu select j and then Reference point 3 The screen shows the list of reference points prepared for the selected job Select a reference point and then proceed as if it were a target point refer to this procedure described from page 4 16 NOTE If your intention is to survey reference points to determine or refine the coordinate system used this procedure should be run from a different context please refer to page 4 51 4 46 DSNP Operating Instructions on the Rover Unit Guidance along a profile Guidance along a profile This function provides the operator with guidance instructions to help him
162. right hand part of the dialog box The illustration includes scale information The station identification is also recalled in this diagram L84 G84 H84 WGS84 coordinates of the reference station as received by the roving unit Baseline Measured distance between point and reference station Correlation Matrix As the correlation matrix in fact qualifies the baseline measurement rather the position solution alone it is maintained in the lower part of the dialog box whether the GNSS or the DGNSS button is checked Editing a logged point surveyed through offset procedure Same as a planned point surveyed in the same context see page 5 9 except that neither a target nor a deviation error is reported in the General tab 5 12 DSNP Downloading field data Exporting results in the desired format Exporting results in the desired format From the Edit menu or from the Map Shortcut menu accessible from anywhere on the map by clicking the right mouse button select the Export Results command In the dialog box which then appears select the export mode Export to File or Export to 3SPack Then do one of the following e Exporting to a File e Exporting to 3SPack database A Same as to a File except that you just need to specify the points DSNP Click the Add button to choose the point s to export from the active project Select the surveyed point s from the list and click the OK button Define the export file b
163. rt H 11 Esc key 4 7 D 4 Estimated time in Average position mode at base station D 14 F F2 key 4 7 F4 key 4 8 D 4 foam trays l 1 Frames and subframes A 3 Free memory space available reading 4 85 Front Panel Indicators H 11 G GEO files 4 86 D 16 GLONASS A 3 GNSS A 4 GNSS engine B 2 GPS antenna input 1 10 GPS antenna location 3 1 GPS antenna height measurement Entering 3 8 Scorpio 600x xK Series User s Manual Index H HCOM H 21 Height correction D 31 Help menus 2D view context 4 69 Before starting a trajectory survey 4 44 Distance measurement context 4 62 During guidance to target 4 23 During offset procedure logging 4 42 During offset procedures staking out 4 33 During trajectory survey 4 45 Just before logging a point 4 25 4 35 Notepad context 4 84 When changing operating mode 4 80 When creating a line 4 67 When creating a point 4 65 When creating a profile 4 48 When defining or measuring a surface 4 91 When editing date amp time 4 88 When editing geocodes 4 88 When recording raw data 4 71 When refining horizontal system 4 52 When refining vertical system 4 56 When rejecting satellites 4 77 When selecting a file 4 14 When selecting a job 4 12 When selecting stake out 4 17 When viewing GPS constellation 4 76 When working on the results of a job 4 60 While following a profile 4 50 Immediate recording
164. s context in page 4 16 then do the following 1 Press the O key In the menu which appears select the linear offset type A guidance screen then appears prompting you to freely choose P1 and to log this point Flashing dotted lines around P1 prompt you to choose this point in the field and log it 2 Press the Yes key to access the log screen same log context as in Staking Out general case see page 4 24 3 While maintaining the GPS antenna mast in position press the F3 key Stay immobile until the buzzer bleeps waiting time depends on chosen averaging time 4 28 DSNP P X P1 P2 0 29 m Operating Instructions on the Rover Unit Surveying target points Staking Out After P1 logging the following screen appears prompting you to walk to P2 P1 survey complete m offse wey Flashing dotted lines around P2 prompt you to walk to this point to log it P P Your current location In this example move 0 40 m to the left to join P2 a 0 40 m DSNP 4 Walk to P2 observing the two indications provided in the left hand part of the screen Remember the program just requests that P2 be aligned with P1 and P which means that you can freely choose the distance separating P2 and P1 Once P2 is aligned with the other points the guidance screen will look like this inear offset RA P vy 8 8in ain m
165. same procedure as if you were logging a point see page 4 34 After logging this point the palmtop comes back to the list of reference points NOTES The point name is now preceded by a letter indicating the valid processing mode when the point was logged example L In this particular context there cannot be any guidance screen to help you reach the reference point as this would require a thoroughly defined coordinate system which is precisely not the case If these reference points have been previously surveyed to refine the height correction then you do not need to resume this operation In this case you can skip steps 3 to 8 focal grid L refi L ref Le vref3 Point 4 Point 5 Point 6 Point 8 Repeat step 7 until all the reference points are logged eee 4 53 4 Operating Instructions on the Rover Unit Refining the coordinate system by surveying reference points 4 54 9 To involve each of the surveyed reference points into the local grid computation successively select each of them and press the U key see associated Help menu Finally the screen should look like this Point e Phase 2 computing the local grid 10 Press the Yes key to start computing the local grid First you must specify whether some parameters of the local grid should be fixed Highlight the desired option and press the Yes key a single selection possible Fixed parameters Us
166. selected DSNP 4 43 4 Operating Instructions on the Rover Unit Surveying a trajectory 3 Change some of the parameters on this screen if necessary Name of start point Geocodes 1 amp 2 Distance value of distance in meters causing a new point to be logged whenever this distance has been traveled by the field operator or in Time mode Time value of time in seconds causing a new point to be logged whenever this time has elapsed GPS antenna height above ground Comment After pressing PgDn you can also change Geocodes 3 amp Associated Help menu before starting surveying the trajectory F3 Start Uncertainty display Esc Abandon Quit 4 44 Displayed by pressing F1 removed by pressing Esc Start see below Uncertainty display see page 4 89 DSNP Operating Instructions on the Rover Unit Surveying a trajectory 4 Press the F3 key to start surveying the trajectory The screen should now look like this Total number of points recorded since beginning of trajectory surveying i IAI so 8 9M 7 Total time mm ss ON ii elapsed since i beginning of trajectory surveying includes time of pause if any Distance traveled since beginning of trajectory surveying does not include distance traveled during pause if any Current sound setting recalled here Associated Help menu while surveying a trajectory Displayed by pressing F1 removed by p
167. sing Esc Press PgUp or PgDn to change help menu _ Hel p i 3 Yes Guidance 0 Stake out with offset Search V View f C Create a point L Create a line D N Next point f P Configure next point G Geocode View 2D Esc Abandon Mut lp 3 3 F4 Quit al display Guidance see page 4 19 Stake out with offset see page 4 26 Search Press the S key to search for a new point to be continued in page 4 64 View Press the V key to view the definition of the selected point see the 2 screens in the next page Create a point Press the C key to create a new point to be continued in page 4 64 Create a line Press the L key to create a new line to be continued in page 4 66 Distance Press the D key to access the screen allowing you to measure the distance between any two points see page 4 61 Next point Press the N key to select the point you defined as the next point see below Configure next point Press the P key to define the nature of the next point to be continued in page 4 63 Geocode display Allows you to choose which geocode 1 2 3 or 4 should be displayed in the list of points View 2D Projects the locations of the points onto a plane see page 4 61 This view accurately shows the distribution of the points in the two dimensional XY space 4 17 4 Operating Instructions on the Rover Unit Surveying target points Staking Out Viewing the definition of the selected
168. sing the PgDn key see next page From either screen 1 2 or 2 2 select the Operating mode field and then press the key A new dialog box appears asking you to choose a mode ae node STATIC ZFIXED POINT EDGPS GPS Selecting OTF STATIC ZFIXED or POINT will amount to implicitly choosing the LRK or KART mode Choose an option and then let the rover unit complete the initialisation phase 4 79 4 Operating Instructions on the Rover Unit Ancillary procedures For example if initialisation is run in OTF LRK the screen will look like this just at the beginning of this phase perating node ti 2 Operating mode rey These parameters change as initialization executes POINT initialization Screen 2 2 is designed to start initialization in POINT mode perating mode 2 2 Operating mode arOIN Name CERCLE Fasting 310394 972m 0 Northing 259188 859n 8 Altitude 32 831 m Antenna 3 OBOr A reference position is displayed which you can edit to be your real position of initialization You can also do the following from the associated Help menu elp F Get a point from file C Get current point Yes ERN on Esc Aban F4 Quit 4 80 DSNP Operating Instructions on the Rover Unit Ancillary procedures According to context Press the F key to select another point from the list or press the C key to transfer the current position as the
169. ss the Yes key to access the log screen same log context as in Staking Out general case see page 4 24 3 While maintaining the GPS antenna mast in position press the F3 key Stay immobile until the buzzer bleeps waiting time depends on chosen averaging time After P1 logging the following screen appears prompting you to walk to P2 P1 survey complete P1 to P distance I Flashing ral offset dotted lines ul around P2 C53 430 prompt you to walk to this point to log it DSNP 4 31 4 Operating Instructions on the Rover Unit Surveying target points Staking Out 4 Choose an adequate location for P2 i e so that the 3 points form a regular triangle 5 Press the Yes key to access the log screen same log context as in Staking Out general case see page 4 24 6 While maintaining the GPS antenna mast in position press the F3 key Stay immobile until the buzzer bleeps waiting time depends on chosen averaging time After P2 logging the following screen appears providing the distances from P1 and P2 to the inaccessible target P and the direction of the target with respect to the oriented P2P1 segment ateral of fse LL P10 P distance n H cay HE i ee Direction of target with respect to P2P1 as determined by the rover unit EEE o TL P2 to P distance 7 Using the information now available on the palmtop screen locate the inaccessible target with your own
170. still persists The list of all the possible errors is given in page H 2 DSNP H 3 H Troubleshooting amp Software Installation GNSS Receiver Status Display Screen No 2 Position solution Depending on the coordinate system used with or without projection this screen can be of two different types Without projection example Reference Datum used Latitude l l ENGS 4 4716 1N l o l Altitude Longitude With projection example Projection used Northing ya amb 2 259127N H 48 310500 E l l Altitude Easting If no solution is available HOLD displayed on screen No 0 this screen will display the initial position as defined by the configuration or the latest position computed in case of lasting solution unavailability due to reception loss for example The position displayed is not for navigation purposes As it is only a coarse indication of the current position it does not reflect the real degree of accuracy achieved by the position solution H 4 DSNP Troubleshooting amp Software Installation GNSS Receiver Status Display Screen No 3 Time information Display example i Main oscillator drift speed Local time UTC Zoulou A time Screen No 4 GNSS reception status
171. string initially includes such characters then the following modifications are made to the string to avoid misinterpretation of the data at a further stage FD is converted into FD 00 FE is converted into FD 01 FF is converted into FD 02 NOTE When counting bytes in a message remember that all the doubled characters i e FD 00 FD 01 and FD 02 resulting from the transcoding described above must be counted as single characters E 4 DSNP Notation rules used in SVAR and SBIN formats SBIN Conventions used The term field stands for one or more parameters The term data stands for a binary value occupying a byte Ina byte bit 0 stands for the least significant bit bit 7 for the most significant bit The most significant bit is always placed ahead Symbols used lt gt denotes a field lt stb gt beginning of block ASCII character FE lt blid gt block type 1 ASCII character allowing identification of the data type lt long gt 2 bytes in binary notation specifying the count of bytes in the block from lt stb gt excluded up to lt checksum gt excluded lt checksum gt 2 bytes for transmission error check lt etb gt end of block ASCII character FF General form E lt stb gt 1 byte FEp lt blid gt 1 byte lt long gt 2 bytes lt data gt 1 to 1023 bytes lt checksum gt 2 bytes lt etb gt 1 byte FEn The meaning of the data in each
172. t Unit code 2 lt valuel gt to lt value5 gt correspond to the data used for the altitude processing lt value1 gt dH lt value2 gt GI lt value3 gt LO lt value4 gt Gg lt value5 gt GO lt etx gt Unit code ASCII character identifying the different units used in a data line in the same order as the data and without separator example 2b The unit codes are described in the two tables below Length units unit code unit valueinmetres 1 2 3 metre 1 US foot 0 304799999 imperial foot 0 304797265 Angle units unit comments degrees minutes seconds 45 120952 and fractions of a second for 45 12 9 52 degrees 45 2026444 and fractions of a degree for 45 12 9 52 grades seconds for datum rotation degrees minutes 45 1215866 and fractions of a minute for 45 12 9 52 c f r G 18 DSNP DSNP Results files in ASCII SVAR format RES file example extracts RES file example extracts Target point staking out T 991 224383 0 1 20 11 CERCLE PT 0 cercle RAN centre implant pt0 centre cercle ran 05 01 99 15 19 26 2 310407 4519 259129 7228 32 3404 1 1 3 4334402 2854 112904 9441 4662120 8045 1 FA ppc if rA OOO diy 9000 704 4 0 0082 7 950200994 1 7171 A 55 4334382 4500 112977 7600 4662151 0700 T 310407 4450 259129 7060 32 3730 3 1 Reference point staking out T 985 487980 7 1 10 1 CERCLE PT 0 cercle RAN
173. t location from the base station Screen example J A 318335 888m 239166 959m 43 648m8 lal DSNP 4 73 4 Operating Instructions on the Rover Unit Ancillary procedures 4 74 Viewing the solution of your current position screen appears providing the Soliton of your anes position The information is presented on two screens Use the PgUp and PgDn keys to change screen Screen examples oaan uek Ntf Lanbert 24W orthing Antenna Posi tion 2 2 Uncertainty a Fasting 6 Bdn horizon aain Horizontal ALITE Vertical 8 BBm Max horizontal 0250mm Max vertical This function is accessible from anywhere in the program by pressing the F2 key DSNP Operating Instructions on the Rover Unit Ancillary procedures Viewing the status of the GPS constellation From the main menu select i then Satellites 3 A new screen appears providing information about the GPS constellation visible from your current position The information is arranged in two screens Use the PgUp and PgDn keys to change screen Screen examples y El Azi y El Azi 1 2 9 72 308 tl al al 312 tUm 26 36 151 4U 23 36 272 tU J 32 78tl 8 2 38 216 ft ll i 3 34 276 tU n 215 514l SV PRN No 4 Same as opposite cee D Used dees Bi pemeaea angle in SV orbit ascending or descending degrees DSNP 4 75 4 Operating Instructions on the Rover Unit Ancillary
174. t specify the name of the file which will be created on the PCMCIA File nane hotell File name in this example note The extension of the file created on PCMCIA for the notepad is necessarily txt D 23 D Base Station Control SVs SVs From the main menu select the fourth icon Press 4 The following function menu then appears Deselection Visible Constellation This function gives information about the GPS constellation visible from the base station The information is arranged in two screens 1 2 and 2 2 Within the function use the PgUp and PgDn keys to change screen Screen 1 2 example zi lie 42 t Rip 149 tU 289 Ils 83 1 8 281 t Si SV PRN No Same as opposite S Searching een U Used degrees R Received but not used D Deselected Azimuth angle in SV orbit ascending 4 or descending degrees D 24 DSNP Base Station Control SVs Screen 2 2 contains graphical and alpha numerical information about the constellation Help menu associated with screen 2 2 elp Esc Abandon Quit N Nb channels view P Parameter bargra Press the N key to define the number of channels represented on the bar graph typically 16 or 12 Press the P key to select which bar graph to show on the screen either S N Ratio or Elevation view Use the horizontal arrow keys to display complete information for the desired channel S N ratio view El
175. tarting the rover unit the screen corresponding to this function is automatically displayed at the end of the auto tests choose a job Cursor _ lt one iL grid 988 circle l J Choose none job name if grid 81 188 7 you do not have any job to gy id 2 16808 bd perform but you only want i to access the main menu circleba ad for maintenance purposes Ej for example Job name Total number of points in the job select Choose a job 1 to come back to this screen DSNP 4 11 4 Operating Instructions on the Rover Unit Getting started Associated Help menu elp Yes Select iew C Create a job Esc Abandon Quit Displayed by pressing F1 removed by pressing Esc According to context Press the Yes key to choose the job you marked with the cursor in the list of available jobs Or press the V key to view the properties of the marked job The properties of a job are Date when job was created with KISS dd mm yy hh mm ss Operator name Area name Comment Height of mobile GPS Antenna Job properties example as viewed on screen ircle 2 ate 25 01 99 17 43 48 E perator Bob rea carquefolt onment ntenna atin Or press the C key to create a new job directly in the field without having to go back to the office and to resort to KISS The screen which then appears allows you to define the properties of that job see
176. the GPS service through geostationary satellites GNSS1 CONCEPT GPS constellation GLONASS i Geostationary Host Telemetry Remote Control Navigation and Monitoring Processing L and Mission 4 Cente 4 Geostationary satellite control centre lt Sr Monitoring stations Purpose The GNSS scheme serves three major purposes Complementing the range measurements with geostationary satellites R_GEO Controlling the integrity of the navigation system GIC GPS Integrity Control Broadcasting differential corrections over a wide area WAD Wide Area DGPS DSNP Introduction to GNSS GNSS GNSS concept The GNSS system consists of the following elements Stations monitoring the navigation system GPS GLONASS distributed over the area to be covered allowing continuous monitoring of the system A Processing and Mission Center that collects and computes the data required for the performance of the system A control center for the geostationary satellites uploading the necessary data to the geostationary satellites One or more geostationary satellites broadcasting the data R_GEO GIC WAD over the area to be covered be ts x gt Wier T A H N 0 50 DSNP A 5 Introduction to GNSS GNSS The different systems There are three systems as of today For the American continent WAAS Wide Area Augme
177. the points present in the file If a job file is selected two types of points may be selected target points and reference points 8 r e pea thi Lerefi Point name Select a point and press This loads the coordinates of this point to the receiver as the position of the station In the same time the coordinate system geodesy defined for the job is also loaded to the receiver D Base Station Control Station Control Transmitter This function allows you to program the UHF transmitter and enable disable UHF transmission Transmit status Station ID number ON or OFF IJHF transmitter 0FF p Nunber J era eea 444 ssu0nt frequency Rate 4 necessarily a multiple of 3 l 0 t 12 5 khz Data F within the band 400 470 MHz Transmission slot 1 to 4 Transmission rate 1 to 6 s Type of data transmitted through the data link Associated Help menu elp E Start paer pers Stop transmission Esc Abandon Quit displayed by pressing F1 removed by pressing Esc According to context Press the E key to enable transmission at the station or press the S key to disable transmission D 12 DSNP DSNP Base Station Control Station Control Average position This function allows you to program the Average Position mode and enable disable this mode Operating the base station
178. tion used As a result the rest of the dialog box is updated to match your selection This combo box is also an editable text box see above Proj Kind From this combo box select the kind of projection used Generally this selection is correct after you choose the PROJECTION name above False East Easting of projection center False North Northing of projection center Central Merid Longitude of projection center Central Lat Latitude of projection center except for 2P Lambert Scale Scale factor except for 2P Lambert DSNP 2 3 Preparing a project Creating a project North Lat Ref Lat South Lat Skew Latitude of 1st parallel for 2P Lambert only Latitude of projection center for 2P Lambert only Latitude of 2nd parallel for 2P Lambert only Azimuth of initial line for Rect Skew Ortho and Skew Ortho only ON DATUM Combo box listing the datums stored in the 3Spack database Select the name of the datum used As a result the rest of the dialog box is updated to match your selection This combo box is also an editable text box see above K Dx Dy Dz A 1 F Rx Ry Rz Scale factor X deviation from ellipsoid signed value in m Y deviation from ellipsoid signed value in m Z deviation from ellipsoid signed value in m Semi major axis of the ellipsoid in m Inverse flattening coefficient ellipsoid Angular deviation around X axis of ellipsoid in seconds Angular deviation aro
179. tmost to distance Gine amem ia Loggin D Trajec TT to ti diagram che e 0 Seine Previous profile Press the Down key Up Nex profi le A to display the previous segment on Down Previous profile Cle Initialize guidance initialize guidance Press the Cir key to delete the trace of the path you have followed since the previous initialization on leftmost diagram leftmost diagram 5 Now that guidance instructions are provided on the screen proceed with the job as such 4 50 DSNP Operating Instructions on the Rover Unit Refining the coordinate system by surveying reference points Refining the coordinate system by surveying reference points When the work area includes reference points whose locations are accurately known in the coordinate system you have to use and on the other hand some of the characteristics of this coordinate system are not precisely known then you can rely on the surveying of these points to refine the definition of the coordinate system This kind of computation can be performed either by the rover unit or when back at the office by the KISS module of 3SPack Refer to the 3SPack Reference Manual or to the On Line Help file of the KISS module for more information about geodetic choice issues When surveying a point basically the rover unit computes the coordinates of this point on the WGS84 Then computations are run to transform these WGS84 coordinates into coordinates expressed on the
180. top display see also page 4 5 Unless the L or K processing mode is now displayed in this area wait for this letter to appear before proceeding with your work When displayed this letter denotes successful LRK or KART initialisation and the ability for the rover unit to perform a job Proper initialisation is necessarily achieved with at least 4 satellites received and used Check the battery indicator With fresh batteries the icon shape should be as follows ih Check the UHF reception level The higher the reception level the better 4 15 4 Operating Instructions on the Rover Unit Surveying target points Staking Out Surveying target points Staking Out General case 1 Choose a job and a file as explained in pages 4 and 4 14 2 From the main menu select ae and then Stake Out 1 The screen now shows the list of target points to be surveyed for the job Points were previously surveyed in LRK Number of points Current job s name Current distance to marked point still to survey pce 48 130 TRCLE PTI F IRCLE PT12 CIRCLE PT13 CIRCLE PT14 18 CIRCLE PT15 iji CIRCLE PT16 234 n U CIRCLE PT1 _58 a l l Cursor Point names Geocode the one you chose to display listed here 4 16 DSNP DSNP Operating Instructions on the Rover Unit Surveying target points Staking Out Associated Help menu 3 screens Displayed by pressing F1 removed by pres
181. trol File Management Raw Data This function allows you to perform immediate recording of GPS raw data Recording status Stopped or Recording Raw a Status Stopped i0300 gt IR 2 BHUN i Record file name user settable Recording rate Default MMDDhhmm month day between 0 1 and 99 9sec hours minutes Associated Help menu elp R Start recording Stop recording Esc Abandon Quit According to context Press the R key to start recording raw data on the PCMCIA or press the S key to stop recording As a result the record file will be closed thereby making the system ready for the next data recording DSNP D 17 D Base Station Control File Management Sessions This function allows you to plan operating sessions for the base station A session is an interval of time during which you wish the station to operate combined with the possibility of having raw data recorded on the PCMCIA card The two underlying operating aspects of a session are the following Through a session you can ask the station to switch on and off automatically at planned times on a daily basis or not thus allowing you to save energy from your batteries this operating mode requires that you choose the Automatic power mode Through a session you can ask the station to perform data recording on PCMCIA during the session Making recordings at a station may be a requirem
182. ttery compartment Part No 2612076679 which includes 2 battery cables Part No 605076507 DSNP 1 3 Unpacking amp Description 6001 2 MK Rover Unit Shoulder straps and belt Part No 751076678 including a serial line cable 605076509 0 75 m and a GPS antenna cable 605076510 0 75 m coaxial 50 Q Note the presence of two cables in the belt at delivery Do not remove them as they are precisely required at this location for your field surveys They do not need to be removed either when putting the rover unit assembly back into its container for transportation DSNP Unpacking amp Description 6001 2 SK Base Station 6001 2 SK Base Station Unpacking The standard supply consists of the following items DSNP reserves the right to make changes to this list without prior notice GPS station kit Part No 26E1076434 adapters Meter Kit and other small parts Station container Part No 790077806 consists of the container as such the inner foam trays used to secure the various items in the container Receiver holder Part No 751076466 black rubber and metal support Part No 751076467 Receiver holder black rubber Metal support Part No 751076467 DSNP 1 5 Unpacking amp Description 6001 2 SK Base Station UHF antenna whip from GP450 3 Ground plane UHF antenna mast antenna from GP450 3 antenna element 50 cm Part No 3310202 Part No 3310202
183. typing in H or HCOM lt space gt C2 if H BAT is absent and then by pressing The following should appear on the palmtop screen HUSKY File Transfer Utility Version 1 07 20th Oct 1993 C Copyright Husky Computers Ltd press ESG to exit DSNP H 21 H Troubleshooting amp Software Installation FSGS Palmtop Computer e Upgrading the Palmtop software Onthe PC computer insert the diskette supplied into the drive and choose A as the current directory or on C choose as current directory the directory containing the files earlier loaded from this diskette The following files should be present in the TOPO directory CMDHCOM EXE TOPOFR BAT TOPOUK BAT TOPOSP BAT TOV20100 CFG TOV20100 EXE H BAT T BAT TOV201FR LAN TOV201UK LAN TOV201SP LAN Onthe PC type computer run the batch file TOPOFR BAT for French language or TOPOUK BAT for English language or TOPOSP BAT for Spanish language The following messages should appear successively on the palmtop receiving TOPO EXE receiving TOPO LAN receiving TOV20100 CFG receiving H BAT receiving T BA Similar messages appear on the PC in French English or Spanish depending on the batch file used On the palmtop press the ESC key once the Reception Complete message appears on the palmtop screen denoting successful upgrading of the resident programs H 22 DSNP Troubleshooting amp Software Installation FSGS Palmtop Co
184. ual choice None Pak AEasting amp ANorthing P astang amp ANor thing k Easting ANorthing J If you elect to fix some parameters then they will be fixed to their current values Then the program asks you whether you want to fix the origin of the grid or not Easting amp Northing Rot Fired ied lee Usual choice Not fixed 1xe Not fixed The barycenter of the selected points will be used as the origin of the local grid Fixed The values of EastingO and NorthingO coordinates displayed when accessing the Local Grid screen see step 2 are chosen to be the origin of the local grid DSNP Operating Instructions on the Rover Unit Refining the coordinate system by surveying reference points At the end of the computation the deviations between the theoretical locations of the reference points and the coordinates obtained by projecting the surveyed WGS8 4 coordinates onto the computed local grid are provided opposite the point names The closer to 0 00 these deviations the better the computed local grid Point 7 e Phase 3 validating the new local grid 11 Press the Esc key to come back to the screen displaying the characteristics of the grid 12 Position the cursor in the Grid field and select Yes This validates the new local grid Screen example 239127 688m 8 231008de 1 006234100006 m End of procedure DSNP 4 55 4 Operating Instructions on the
185. unction you like The diagram below reviews all the possible functions accessible from the 6 icons of the main menu erence point eration Files mat l Choose a Job poging f H 4 Traject 0 IHF veceiver 4 bogging with offset osition SCORPIO L 6802 SKI 267 017996 18 33 18 eodesy Peto e Prieetian a sition Change to WGS84 a Configuration Uni Satellites 4 Local grid j Sy deselection l3 Height correction f6 Release Use the vertical or horizontal arrow keys 4 gt lt to select an icon The selected icon is surrounded by dotted lines Press 4 to validate your selection or press the corresponding numeral shortcut key DSNP Operating Instructions on the Rover Unit Getting started About jobs and files All instructions for executing a job are contained in a job file IN All the information concerning the points surveyed for a job is contained in a results file N 03120900 03121100 03121400 03121600 JOB You can create up to 5 files to complete a job These files are not files in the computer sense but will appear as headers in the results file Default name mmddhhmm month day Data produced during the survey through each of these files is written to the same results file Later using KISS you can retrieve just the necessary data by invoking the name of the hours minutes corresponding file Choosing a job When s
186. und Y axis of ellipsoid in seconds Angular deviation around Z axis of ellipsoid in seconds DSNP DSNP Preparing a project Creating a project Ifa local grid must be used proceed with the settings below WITH LOCAL GRID check button Button cleared no local grid Button checked enter the parameters of the local grid E0 Easting of origin NO Northing of origin K Scale factor DE Easting shift DN Northing shift Beta Rotation angle Then click the Next gt button Complete the Project Wizard Vertical System Dialog Box which then appears In this box tell KISS whether the altitude of the surveyed points should be expressed in relation to a geoid Stanag Model or a datum WGS84 or the one selected for the project For special settings in this dialog box see below HEIGHT EXPRESSED ON Choose the reference upon which the altitudes of the surveyed points will be determined If you click the GEOID radio button then the reference can only be the Stanag model see combo box nearby as this is the only geoid model available today If you click the DATUM radio button then the reference can be either the datum used in the horizontal system or the WGS84 selection in same combo box nearby 2 2 5 Preparing a project Creating a project WITH LOCAL CORRECTION check button Check this button if corrections have to be made to the selected reference otherwise keep it cleared dH Verti
187. urately known location with its coordinates expressed in the coordinate system used for the surveys If the antenna location is not known you will have to let the station determine this location after running itin the Average Position mode see page 3 10 Average Position mode 3 3 1 Operating Instructions at the base station Connections and Setup UHF antenna The higher the UHF antenna the better its coverage Avoid mounting the UHF antenna parallel to or in the neighbourhood of other metal parts such as masts supporting wires etc Connections and Setup For station control amp command connect your palmtop to port A COMPUTER 10 m coaxial cable 6 50 m coaxial to GPS antenna cable to UHF antenna 3 2 DSNP DSNP Operating Instructions at the base station Connections and Setup Base station Complete setup not shown in real conditions of GPS antenna operation UHF antenna FE c gt Beandard tri od Battery y not provid j i 4 Le 5 a J Station Unit GPS receiver and plug in UHF transmitter secured on stand 3 3 Operating Instructions at the base station Measuring the GPS antenna height Measuring the GPS antenna height When programming the station you will need to know the height of the GPS antenna phase center above the landmark There are two ways of measuring this height DSNP measurement With this method use the Meter Kit Part No 2612
188. urveying target points Staking Out e Lateral Offset Principle Through this technique the location of the inaccessible target P will accurately be deduced from two points P1 and P2 located nearby properly logged and forming a triangle ideally an equilateral one with P First the operator will freely choose the first point P1 The operator will log this point thus allowing the rover unit to provide the distance separating this point from P Then the operator will freely choose the other point P2 keeping in mind that P1 and P2 should form a regular triangle with the presumed location of P The operator will also log point P2 thus allowing the rover unit to provide the distance separating this point from P As a result the rover unit will also indicate the direction of P to the right or to the left in reference to the oriented segment P2P1 Finally by way of external means a simple meter for example the operator will measure the distances from P1 and P2 to P drawing two arcs of circles on the ground the intersection of which to the right or to the left of P2P1 will provide the exact location of P DSNP 4 27 4 Operating Instructions on the Rover Unit Surveying target points Staking Out e Linear Offset Procedure Assuming you are in the vicinity of the inaccessible target the palmtop screen displays the target points list of your job and the inaccessible target is selected in the list see thi
189. value gt lt Skew value gt lt unit code gt lt eoln gt 1st line Number of projection type used possibly followed by the name of the projection 2nd line Lori Gori latitude and longitude of origin angles Eori Nori projected XY coordinates of origin distances angle unit code and distance unit code no separator in between 3rd line Ko Scale factor a coefficient Skew rotation an angle angle unit code G 14 DSNP Results files in ASCII SVAR format Projection parameters Oblique cylindrical projection Rectified Skew Orthomorphic 1 lt 05 Borneo gt lt valeur1 gt lt eoln gt 2 lt Lori value gt lt Gori value gt lt Eori value gt lt Nori value gt lt unit code gt lt eoln gt 3 lt Ko value gt lt Skew value gt lt unit code gt lt eoln gt 1st line Number of projection type used possibly followed by the name of the projection 2nd line Lori Gori latitude and longitude of origin angles Eori Nori projected XY coordinates of origin distances angle unit code and distance unit code no separator in between 3rd line Ko Scale factor a coefficient Skew rotation an angle angle unit code DSNP G 15 Results files in ASCII SVAR format Projection parameters Oblique stereographic projection Skew Stereographic 1 lt 06 Holland gt lt valuel gt lt eoln gt 2 lt Lori value gt lt Gori value gt lt Eori value gt lt
190. with offset 6 and then select Lateral anginy With offset 1near Intersection 4 39 4 Operating Instructions on the Rover Unit Logging points 2 Walk to P1 and stay immobile at this point 3 Press the Yes key to access the log screen same log context as in Logging general case see page 4 34 4 While maintaining the GPS antenna mast in position press the F3 key Stay immobile until the buzzer bleeps waiting time depends on chosen averaging time 5 After P1 logging select the P1P distance field upper right and enter this distance e g 25 00 m The screen should now look like this 6 Walk to P2 and stay immobile at this point 7 Press the Yes key to access the log screen same log context as in Logging general case see page 4 34 8 While maintaining the GPS antenna mast in position press the F3 key Stay immobile until the buzzer bleeps waiting time depends on chosen averaging time 9 After P2 logging select the P2P distance field lower right and enter this distance e g 65 00 m 4 40 DSNP Operating Instructions on the Rover Unit Logging points 10 Specify the location of P with respect to the oriented segment P2P1 Once the cursor is located at the right point press the Yes key to confirm this location and store this point as a point surveyed through offset procedure The screen should now look like this Point to the right of P2P1 NOTE You can use P1 and P2 as man
191. x w Linear offset Intersection offset Downloading field data Editing a planned point surveyed through offset procedure P1 P2 P3 or P4 tab Each of these tabs is much similar to the Details tab obtained for a point surveyed at its planned location Date Date amp time of survey Origin Name of the job during which P1 P2 P3 or P4 was surveyed Operator Name of the operator who made the job Process Name of the processing method used LRK A LRK R etc GNSS radio button Check this button to display the WGS84 coordinates of P1 P2 P3 or P4 This causes the lower part of the dialog box to show all the components of this solution The definition of the vertical components H84 and DH are recalled graphically on the diagram in the right hand part of the dialog box P1 P2 P3 or P4 DH GPS antenna height above the ground when surveying the point Correlation Matrix Components of the correlation matrix L84 G84 H84 WGS84 coordinates of antenna at 5 DSNP 5 11 Downloading field data Editing a logged point surveyed through offset procedure DGNSS radio button Check this button to display the WGS84 coordinates of the reference station used in the surveying of P n This causes the lower part of the dialog box to show the identification and coordinates of this station as received by the roving unit through the data link The distance and direction to P1 P2 P3 or P4 are illustrated on the diagram in the
192. y selected ER m y 8 in the list ne Your current position Conventions used lal Location of the point currently selected in the list Logged or staked out point 8 Point still to log or to stake out Your current position Associated Help menu 2 screens Displayed by pressing F1 removed by pressing Esc Press PgUp or PgDn to change help menu elp l 2 Pgllp Zoom out Dn Zoom in ly Zoom to fit P Center on point C Center on position Scale Zoom out Shrinks the 2D view scale reduction Zoom in Enlarges the 2D view scale enlargement Zoom to fit Re computes and updates the scale value so that the view shows only those points which have to be displayed Center on point Centers the view around the selected point Center on position Centers the view around your current location 4 69 4 Operating Instructions on the Rover Unit Ancillary procedures Scale Allows you to fully configure the 2D view from a single screen see screen below elp 2 2 Show hide target Shows or hides the T Show hide target target points F Show hide reference Show hide reference Shows or hides R Show hide result the reference points Esc Abandon Show hide result Shows or hides the F4 Quit position solutions 2D view configuration screen press the S key aa ee _ Eas ti ng SARS Aly MeL Coordinates of center Northi ng point in the 2D view Easti ng AAI Hin ESIM Total w
193. y specifying its path name and format DXF or other Click the Go button to start exporting the points Click the OK button All points will be exported as Sites All logged trajectories will be exported as 3SPack Trajectories 5 13 Downloading field data Saving PCMCIA files on your computer e Creating new user formats for exporting results to a file Click the User formats button and then the New button In the dialog box which appears enter the definition of your format see 3SPack Reference Manual Part No 0311366 section 3 Creating a user format Saving PCMCIA files on your computer A recommended practice after or before reading the results of a project is to save the corresponding file res under a different name on the disk of your computer By doing this you will gradually create a library of archive files which might be at any time of the greatest interest Insert the PCMCIA into the drive Using windows95 explorer list the files contained in the PCMCIA Copy the interesting file to the dedicated directory on the PC disk Because the result file for a given project is always the same rename this file on your disk Remove the PCMCIA Post processing the raw data collected during a job See 3SPack Reference Manual Part No 0311366 section 3 5 14 DSNP Introduction to GNSS GPS Constellation A Introduction to GNSS GPS Constellation DN The GPS system Global Positionin
194. y times as necessary to log other inaccessible points in the vicinity of P1 and P2 e Intersection Offset Procedure In what follows it is assumed that a job and a file have been previously opened see page 4 171 After marking P1 to P4 in the field do the following 1 Come back to the main menu select i Logging with offset 6 and then select Intersection ioegiay wire offset Lateral 2 Walk to P1 and stay immobile at this point 3 Press the Yes key to access the log screen same log context as in Logging general case see page 4 34 DSNP 4 41 4 Operating Instructions on the Rover Unit Logging points 4 42 4 While maintaining the GPS antenna mast in position press the F3 key Stay immobile until the buzzer bleeps waiting time depends on chosen averaging time 5 Repeat step 2 to step 4 successively for points P2 P3 and P4 Once all the points have been successfully logged the screen should look like this 6 Position the cursor on the P icon and from any location press the Yes key to store P as a point surveyed through offset procedure e Associated Help menu during offset procedures The same Help menu is available when surveying a non planned point through either of the available offset procedures Yas T Displayed by pressing F1 removed by pressing Esc J i pee Press the Yes key to access the log screen Cin Delete all when you are ready to log the position of Es
195. you whether in the same time the receiver should be turned off press the Del key or not press e Making changes to parameters Depending on the size and type of the parameters that can be changed the program will use different scenarios to let you make that change If the screen contains numerical or alpha numerical parameters a cursor inverse video will appear on the first of them To change this parameter simply type in the new value Note that the position of the field on the screen will be shifted to the left while you edit it If the size of the parameter is relatively long an edit box will appear on top of the screen to show the entire field while you edit it In both cases the new value will be validated after you press 4 Use J or T to access the next or previous field respectively If a parameter can only be set to some specific software set values then this field will be marked with a I To know the possible values and choose one of them use J or T to access this field and then press A select box appears showing these values Use J or T to choose the desired value and press to validate your choice the select box is removed from the screen at the same time Alternately you can directly type the numeral key corresponding to the row in which the desired value is shown same as function menus see page 4 6 DSNP Operating Instructions on the Rover Unit Getting started e Messages and alar
196. you press Use J or T to access the next or previous field respectively Ifa parameter can only be set to some specific software set values then this field will be marked with a I To know the possible values and choose one of them use J or 7 to access this field and then press A select box appears showing these values Use or T to choose the desired value and press to validate your choice the select box is removed from the screen at the same time Alternately you can directly type the numeral key corresponding to the row in which the desired value is shown same as function menus see page D 2 e Messages and alarms e The buzzer will beep in the following cases At the end of every auto test In case of invalid data entry or display request or other errors e Low battery alarm A beep will be heard and the Battery is low message will appear Battery icon in the status area will blink until you change the battery DSNP D 5 D Base Station Control Getting started e Satellite alarm Satellite icon in the status area will blink until 4 SVs or more can be received e Communications problem with receiver A beep will be heard and the Receiver not responding message will appear Getting started Assuming the base station is now ready and you have the palmtop in hand do the following From the DOS prompt type in T or t and press J The following screen appears
197. your project open in the KISS window do the following Insert a card into the PCMCIA drive of your PC If you want to focus on particular points then select the corresponding icons If that is not the case do not make any selection Inthe toolbar click al or from the Transfer menu select the Write Job command Inthe Write Job dialog box which then appears enter a name for the file which is going to be written to the PCMCIA 8 characters max or select an existing one from the list box which you will overwrite with the new job Specify the content of the job by checking one of the following buttons Selected Points This option should logically be checked if you have made a prior selection of objects on the map option dimmed otherwise Remaining Points Check this option if you want the field operator to deal only with the points not surveyed yet which supposes that a part of the project has already been made With this option you do not need to make a prior selection of objects on the map All Points Check this option if you want to write the entire project to the card DSNP 2 13 2 Preparing a project Preparing PCMCIA cards for field operators Specify the order in which the points will be written to the PCMCIA by making a selection in the following combo box In Order of Choose one of the possible ways of arranging the points in the job Creation Name Kind Geocode 1 4 Point size

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