FreeWave Technologies LRS-455 Data Transceiver
Contents
1. 17 EDIT RADIO TRANSMISSION CHARACTERISTICS csccccssssccesesseceesssseeecssseeeeseseeeesssseeesseseeesseneeecseeeseseeeeeeeeaeeesssseeeens 17 Setting Xmit and Rev Frequencies 17 1 and 2 Max Packet Size and Packet sse eene nennen 18 CB XIE ROLE Sic Na 19 A REE aun ma u kuta u duds 19 AMIE ROWE TEE 19 y Slave 20 RES LOC TS 20 C Reny 20 9 Lowpower MOde ire 21 A NOISE 22 GC REMGLE LED DEC 22 MULTIPOINT PARAMETERS eai eoe Epi cessa rene EE exa pos aniio eo Sidassudsagavedds aT EERE 23 EDIT MULTIPOINT PARAMETERS a a 23 23 I Master Packet Repeat p Ka D Ha e cst 23 2 Max Slaye Retry E RERO IHR2. Channel Frequency Channel Frequency Channel Frequency 980 441 125 3040 454 000 5100 466 875 1000 441 250 3060 454 125 5120 467 000 1020 441 375 3080 454 250 5140 467 125 1040 441 500 3100 454 375 5160 467 250 1060 441 625 3120 454 500 5180 467 375 1080 441 750 3140 454 625 5200 467 500 1100 441 875 3160 454 750 5220 467 625 1120 442 000 3180 454 875 5240 467 750 1140 442 125 3200 455 000 5260 467 875 1160 442 250 3220 455 125 5280 468 000 1180 442 375 3240 455 250 5300 468 125 1200 442 500 3260 455 375 5320 468 250 1220 442 625 3280 455 500 5340 468 375 1240 442 750 3300 455 625 5360 468 500 1260 442 875 3320 455 750 5380 468 625 1280 443 000 3340 455 875 5400 468 750 1300 443 125 3360 456 000 5420 468 875 1320 443 250 3380 456 125 5440 469 000 1340 443 375 3400 456 250 5460 469 125 1360 443 500 3420 456 375 5480 469 250 1380 443 625 3440 456 500 5500 469 375 1400 443 750 3460 456 625 5520 469 500 1420 443 875 3480 456 750 5540 469 625 1440 444 000 3500 456 875 5560 469 750 1460 444 125 3520 457 000 5580 469 875 1480 444 250 3540 457 125 5600 470 000 1500 444 375 3560 457 250 1520 444 500 3580 457 375 4 LUM0016AA Rev D Version 1 0 35 b LRS 455 Data Transceiver Users Manual Channel Frequency Channel Frequency 1540 444 625 3600 457 500 1560 444 750 3620 457 625 1580 444 875 3640 457 750 1600
3. laid 28 FACTORY DEFAULT 29 LUMO0016AA Rev D Version 1 0 iv b LRS 455 Data Transceiver Users Manual OPERATIONAL 5 422 AND RS 485 INFORMATION cscscsccscccsessssssceeeccceessssceeeececesenssseeeececcesesssseeeeeceeceesssaeeeeceeeens 30 RS 422 and RS 485 Full Duplex Pin Outs 3l RS 485 Half Duplex Pin Outs esses 3l RS232 PIN ASSIGNMENTS etes nnn 31 RFE BOARD PINOUT ma au O 32 FREEWAVE TECHNICAL SUPPORT ccsssssssccecesessssseeeccecesssssacceceeececeeaaseeeccecessessaeeeeeececessseeeceseeseeaeaeeeeceeeesnsaseeeeees 32 M LUMO0016AA Rev D Version 1 0 b LRS 455 Data Transceiver Users Manual About FreeWave Transceivers FreeWave transceivers operate in virtually any environment where RS232 data communications occur A pair of transceivers function as a 9 pin null modem cable If the FreeWave transceivers are to be used in an application where a null modem cable is used such as communication between two computers then the FreeWave transceivers can be connected directly If FreeWave transceivers are to be used to replace a straight through RS232 cable then a null modem cable must be placed between the transceiver and the DTE instrument to which it is connected Cho
4. 4 LUM0016AA Rev D Version 1 0 15 LRS 455 Data Transceiver Users Manual Call Book Radio formation 0 Operation taua Rat remission Characteristics 5 MutPoit Pr The Call Book is required to be used in Point to Point networks The instructions provided in this section are for Point to Point mode only Using the Call Book offers both security and flexibility in determining how FreeWave transceivers communicate with each other Three settings must be made for two FreeWave transceivers to communicate in Point to Point mode 1 The Master s serial number must be listed in the Slave s Call Book or Slave Security is turned off in the Slave 2 The Slave s serial number must be listed in the Master s Call Book 3 The Master must be programmed to call the Slave The Call Book allows users to incorporate up to 10 FreeWave transceivers and designate which Slave the Master will call To set the Entry to Call option select the appropriate option in the drop down 4 LUM0016AA Rev D Version 1 0 16 b LRS 455 Data Transceiver Users Manual Radio Transmission Characteristics The Edit Radio Transmission Characteristics option allows the user to modify several different parameters in the transceiver Many of these parameters must be maintained throughout the network for proper functionality Note This menu is only for the sophisticated user who has a good understanding of the principles o
5. OS 24 3 Retr Odds isi daa e n ors 24 4 DTR Connection ode i ee cer iir i e OAR 24 6 Network ID HG ORE OR UR e dre GU He e RO o d e o ee I abs 24 8 MultiMaster SYNC EEUU EID nasa DIES 24 9 EPPS Enable D elay GR TUIS 25 A Slaye Repeqtera gagu aaa GIO ap OR ED RR ER NR atts e e c 25 B Diagnostics a u dic pen 25 C Subnet ID cca toO IR RERO EEG mapa 25 BUE TIED nisus 26 26 G Radio Name ue eet Neate tutte tidy ta Mae dee 27 RADIO INFORMATION sour uy u us aan asuy sama suku sy assasi ayau Qaqa ass usss 27 Number Of Disconnects pe Se P adag eL epo e quc supe ade 27 Antenna Reflected bu cg Dre qasapaq dun 27 Average Noise Level eee Urea c Re e Lu ee ende cov Qe do pe Y Rande corp 28 Average Signal Level uiii e ca da cu e DN ede ca 28 Overall Rate 28 Radio Temperature 4 1 cou d
6. If Product is used outside of FreeWave specifications 3 If Product has been modified repaired or altered by Customer unless FreeWave specifically authorized such alterations in each instance in writing This includes the addition of conformal coating Special Rate Replacement Option A special rate replacement option is offered to non warranty returns or upgrades The option to purchase the replacement unit at this special rate is only valid for that RMA The special replacement rate option expires if not exercised within 30 days of final disposition of RMA RESTRICTED RIGHTS Any product names mentioned in this manual may be trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective companies and are hereby acknowledged Information in this manual is subject to change without notice and is proprietary and confidential to FreeWave Technologies Inc This manual is for use by purchasers and other authorized users of the FreeWave Wireless Data Transceiver only No part of this manual may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means electronic or mechanical or for any purpose without the express written permission of FreeWave Technologies Inc FreeWave s Wireless Data Transceivers are designed and manufactured in the United States of America Printed in the United States of America 4 LUM0016AA Rev D Version 1 0 ii b LRS 455 Data Transceiver Users Manual UL NOTIFICATION Models LRS455 C U LRS455 CE U LRS45
7. 0 8 N 1 and is the most commonly used serial communications protocol Select the appropriate option to communicate with the end device Data Bits Parity Stop Bits 8 None 1 7 Even 1 7 Odd 1 8 None 2 8 Even 1 8 Odd 1 Modbus RTU Support for Modbus RTU protocol is available The default setting for Modbus RTU is 0 Not Enabled To enable Modbus capability set Modbus RTU to 1 Note When using the transceiver in Modbus RTU mode the Master Packet Repeat must match in every radio with Modbus RTU enabled regardless of whether the network is in Point to Point or MultiPoint mode The Modbus RTU mode must be selected when transceivers are configured in RS485 or RS422 mode Serial Interface In products for which the protocol of the data port is software selectable use this menu to set the protocol of the data port In the TTL RF board product this setting must be 0 Protocol Additional Information RS232 Also used for TTL transceivers RS422 Modbus RTU mode must be enabled See above RS485 Modbus RTU mode must be enabled See above DOT Special for the Department of Transportation Note When DOT mode is enabled the TimeDelay settings operate the same as in the RS485 422 mode Note RS4xx mode must have Modbus RTU enabled and TurnoffDelay set to at least 4 Setup Port Note DO NOT change this setting unless the correct programming cable is available for the new setting This setting determines which port Main or
8. 4 LUM0016AA Rev D Version 1 0 33 b LRS 455 Data Transceiver Users Manual Channel Frequency Channel Frequency Channel Frequency 420 437 625 2480 450 500 4540 463 375 440 437 750 2500 450 625 4560 463 500 460 437 875 2520 450 750 4580 463 625 480 438 000 2540 450 875 4600 463 750 500 438 125 2560 451 000 4620 463 875 520 438 250 2580 451 125 4640 464 000 540 438 375 2600 451 250 4660 464 125 560 438 500 2620 451 375 4680 464 250 580 438 625 2640 451 500 4700 464 375 600 438 750 2660 451 625 4720 464 500 620 438 875 2680 451 750 4740 464 625 640 439 000 2700 451 875 4760 464 750 660 439 125 2720 452 000 4780 464 875 680 439 250 2740 452 125 4800 465 000 700 439 375 2760 452 250 4820 465 125 720 439 500 2780 452 375 4840 465 250 740 439 625 2800 452 500 4860 465 375 760 439 750 2820 452 625 4880 465 500 780 439 875 2840 452750 4900 465 625 800 440 000 2860 452 875 4920 465 750 820 440 125 2880 453 000 4940 465 875 840 440 250 2900 453 125 4960 466 000 860 440 375 2920 453 250 4980 466 125 880 440 500 2940 453 375 5000 466 250 900 440 625 2960 453 500 5020 466 375 920 440 750 2980 453 625 5040 466 500 940 440 875 3000 453 750 5060 466 625 960 441 000 3020 453 875 5080 466 750 4 LUM0016AA Rev D Version 1 0 34 b LRS 455 Data Transceiver Users Manual
9. Diagnostics is used to enter the Setup Main Menu Port Additional Information Main Only The terminal is connected to the Main Data Port Diagnostics Only The terminal is connected to the Diagnostic Port 4 LUM0016AA Rev D Version 1 0 13 b LRS 455 Data Transceiver Users Manual Both Ports The terminal may be connected to either port Setup mode is invoked by sending a U capital to the Diagnostics port or by pressing toggling the Set up button switch if available OEM boards may also enter Setup when Pin 2 is grounded The Main Data Port is the RS232 port The OEM modules use a 2 row 2 mm female connector The diagnostic cable for this port ASC2009DC is available from FreeWave TurnOn OffDelay TurnOnDelay Sets the delay between when the line drivers are turned on and when the data leaves the data port This setting can be adjusted for a 1 9 mS delay TurnOffDelay This setting specifies the time after the end of transmission of a character to the RS485 bus that the transceiver stops driving the bus and releases the bus to other devices The units are 74 of a character with a range of 0 9 An entry of 4 means a delay equivalent to the duration of a full character Default is zero delay For data rates of 1200 bits S or slower avoid setting the TurnoffDelay parameter higher than 4 At those rates the functionality of the microprocessor changes so that a TurnoffDelay of 5 will have the same effect as if s
10. applications The number of radios in a MultiPoint network is influenced by the following parameters 1 Size ofthe blocks of data The longer the data blocks the smaller the network capacity 2 Baud rate 3 The amount of contention between Slaves Polled Slaves vs timed Slaves For example if the network will be polling Slaves once a day to retrieve sparse data several hundred Slaves could be configured to a single Master However if each Slave will be transmitting data at greater levels then fewer Slaves should be linked to the Master The overall network will be closer to capacity with fewer Slaves For examples and additional information on data communication links see the section Examples of Data Communication Links later in this document 4 LUM0016AA Rev D Version 1 0 7 b LRS 455 Data Transceiver Users Manual Quick Start on a Point to MultiPoint Network The following is a quick start guide for setting up two transceivers in Point to MultiPoint mode This mode allows for a Master to communicate with several Slaves simultaneously 1 Connect the transceiver to the serial port of a computer either through a serial cable or via the diagnostics cable Make sure to connect the antenna port to a load and the radio to a power source typically 6 to 30 VDC 2 Open up a HyperTerminal session e Use the following settings in connecting with HyperTerminal e Connect to COMx where is the number of the com port being co
11. enabled which means only Masters in the Slaves Call Book may link to that Slave Slave Security may be disabled setting of 1 allowing any Master to call the Slave Slave Security has no effect in Point to MultiPoint networks where the Network ID is not set to 255 Slave Security must be set to 1 when the unit is operating in Mode 6 Slave Master switchable or a Point to Point network where the Slave may need to accept calls from more than 10 different Masters When Slave Security is set to 1 the transceiver will accept calls from any other FreeWave transceiver Additional network security measures may be taken to prevent unauthorized access such as changing default settings for FreqKey Hop Table or Frequency Zones 7 RTS To CTS Menu selection RTS to CTS in the Radio Parameters menu provides the option of allowing the RTS line on the Master transceiver to control the CTS line of the Slave This pass through control can be enabled in both Point to Point and Point to MultiPoint In MultiPoint networks the Master RTS line will control all Slaves CTS lines When enabled the CTS line ceases to function as flow control It is not recommended to enable this feature when operating at RS 232 speeds above 38 4 The default setting of O disables this function where as a setting of 1 enables RTS CTS control RTS CTS setting 2 is described in detail in the application note 5437 DTR to CTS Line Alarm Feature With an RTS to CTS setting of 1 t
12. flash red Solid green Intermittent flash red Intermittent flash red Master calling Slave Solid red brights Solid red dim Solid red brightai Solid red bright Off Blinking red Mode 6 waiting for ATD command Solid red brights Blinking redo Solid red bright Blinking red Setup Mode LUM0016AA Rev D Solid green Solid green Version 1 0 Solid green b LRS 455 Data Transceiver Users Manual Setting up a Transceiver Operation Mode Radio Information 0 Operation Mode 1 Baud Rate 2 Call Book 3 Transmission Characteristics 5 MultiPoint Par 4 gt Modem Mode The Operation Mode option designates the method FreeWave transceivers use to communicate with each other FreeWave transceivers operate in a Master to Slave configuration Before the transceivers 0 Point to Point Master 1 Point to Point Slave 2 Point to MultiPoint Master 3 Point to Multipoint Slave 5 Point to Point Repeater 6 Point to Point Slave Master Switchable 7 Point to MultiPoint Repeater can operate together they must be set up to properly communicate In a Point to Point configuration Master or Slave Mode may be used on either end of the communication link without performance degradation When setting up the transceiver remember that a number of parameters are controlled by the sett
13. include as much frequency and time diversity as possible through use of different Min and Max Packet Size In some instances the use of the MultiMaster Sync option may be required Edit MultiPoint Parameters formation 0 Operation Mode 1 Baud Rate 2 Call Book 3 Transmission Characteristics Repeaters On gt Master Packet Repeat 1 Y Max Slave Retry 9 gt Retry Odds 0 Y DTR Connect 0 Off gt Network ID 1234 Multi Master Sync Off 1FPPS Enable Delay 255 Slave Repeater Off Diagnostics 0 Radio ID 0 Radio Marl Rx Tx Subnet 0 Y 1 M 0 REPEATERS The Repeaters selection must be set to On if a repeater is to be used in the network However if the network will not utilize a repeater FreeWave recommends setting Repeaters to Off to provide higher throughput 1 MASTER PACKET REPEAT In a Point to MultiPoint network Slaves do not acknowledge transmissions from the Master If Slaves did acknowledge all data transmissions in a large network the Master would soon become overwhelmed with acknowledgments from the Slaves Without acknowledgements 10096 confidence every Slave has received every packet cannot be met To address this issue the user may modify the Master Packet Repeat setting assigning a value between 0 the packet is transmitted once to 9 the packet is transmitted 10 times For networks with solid RF links this parameter should be set to a low value such as O or 1 If a network has s
14. port to a load and also attach power The cable supplied with enclosed transceivers except Waterproof is a 9 pin male serial professional board level transceivers will need a separate programming cable sold separately 3 Set the Modem mode in each transceiver One should be set as a Point to Point Master Mode 0 and the other set as a Point to Point Slave Mode 1 4 Set the baud rate on each transceiver to match the baud rate of the instrument to which it is attached Please note when setting the transceiver s baud rate its RS232 data rate is set The baud rate does not have to be on the same setting for the two transceivers 5 Editthe Call Book Enter the Slave serial number in the Master s Call Book Enter the Master s Serial number in the Slave s Call Book or disable Slave Security in the Slave 6 Shortly after both transceivers are plugged in they should establish a communications link with each other and the connection is complete Using the table below verify that the radios are operating as expected Point to Point Operation LEDs Slave 4 Powered no link Carrier Detect CD Transmit TX Clear to Send CTS Carrier Detect CD Transmit TX Clear to Send CTS Solid red bright ai Solid red brightili Solid red brightitl Solid red bright Off Blinking red Linked sending sparse data Solid greens Intermittent flash red Intermittent
15. to control the length of time the transmitter driver stays asserted after data transmission has finished This is needed to allow the last transmitted character to reach the end of a long line and is normally set to one character length of time This setting also allows 3 complete reflections to the end of the line to ensure the ringing on the line has fully dampened before releasing the bus to another device Shorter line lengths may use shorter delays but four one quarter character delay times are recommended In Modbus a TurnOffDelay setting of O will cause internal timing errors There is no provision for hand shaking in any of the above modes of operation so data rates above 9600 bps in RF Data Rate 5 and above 19200 bps in RF Date Rate 4 are not recommended without a protocol that can handle error detection properly LUM0016AA Rev D Version 1 0 30 b LRS 455 Data Transceiver Users Manual RS 422 AND RS 485 FULL DUPLEX PiN OuTS Function Bare Board Pin Number DE 9 Pin Number RX 7 3 RX 9 7 TX 5 2 TX 10 8 Signal Ground 40 6 5 RS 485 HALF DUPLEX PIN OuTS Function Bare Board Pin Number DE 9 Pin Number Wire to both pins for Bus Short 5 and 7 Short 2 and 3 Wire to both pins for Bus Short 9 and 10 Short 7 and 8 Signal Ground 4or6 5 RS232 Pin Assignments Pin Assignment Signal Definition 1 Carrier Detect Output Used to show an RF
16. 400 MHZ Series transceivers are available in both TTL and RS232 versions The TTL versions use reverse polarity from standard RS 232 at 0 to 5 Volt levels All pin descriptions and pin numbering are the same as the RS232 version The RS232 versions use standard RS232 polarity and voltage levels for all of the RS232 signal lines Transmit Data Receive Data Carrier Detect RTS and Clear to Send and TTL standard polarity and voltage level for the Interrupt pin Pin 1 B Power input Pin 2 Interrupt INT Input A 0 volt level on this pin will switch the radio into Setup mode Pin Assignment Color on ACS3610xx cable 1 B input Red 2 Interrupt temporarily ground to invoke menu Brown 3 Data Terminal Ready DTR Orange 4 Ground Black 5 Transmit Data TXD Yellow 6 Ground Black 7 Receive Data RXD Green 8 Carrier Detect DCD Blue 9 Request to Send RTS Violet purple 10 Clear to Send CTS Gray Note Pin 1 on the board level transceiver is the pin farthest from the three LEDs and pin 10 is closest to the LEDs FreeWave Technical Support For up to date troubleshooting information check the Support page at www FreeWave com FreeWave provides Technical Support Monday through Friday 8 00 AM to 5 00 PM Mountain Time GMT 7 Call us toll free at 1 800 548 5616 or factory direct after hours at 303 444 3862 or email us at moreinfo FreeWave com 4 LUM0016AA Rev D V
17. 445 000 3660 457 875 1620 445 125 3680 458 000 1640 445 250 3700 458 125 1660 445 375 3720 458 250 1680 445 500 3740 458 375 1700 445 625 3760 458 500 1720 445 750 3780 458 625 1740 445 875 3800 458 750 1760 446 000 3820 458 875 1780 446 125 3840 459 000 1800 446 250 3860 459 125 1820 446 375 3880 459 250 1840 446 500 3900 459 375 1860 446 625 3920 459 500 1880 446 750 3940 459 625 1900 446 875 3960 459 750 1920 447 000 3980 459 875 1940 447 125 4000 460 000 1960 447 250 4020 460 125 1980 447 375 4040 460 250 2000 447 500 4060 460 375 2020 447 625 4080 460 500 2040 447 750 4100 460 625 4 LUM0016AA Rev D Version 1 0 36 b LRS 455 Data Transceiver Users Manual Errata Firmware versions 1 670 and lower e Setting Master Packet Repeat to 0 and Modbus RTU to 1 results in a large data transmission delay Master Packet Repeat should be set to 1 or higher if the Modbus RTU setting is enabled 4 LUM0016AA Rev D Version 1 0 37
18. 5 T U LRS455 TE U are suitable for use in Class 1 Division 2 Groups A B C and D or non hazardous locations only Input voltage for the above models is 6 to 30 volts DC WARNING DO NOT REMOVE OR INSERT DIAGNOSTICS CABLE WHILE CIRCUIT IS LIVE UNLESS THE AREA IS KNOWN TO BE FREE OF IGNITION CONCENTRATIONS OF FLAMMABLE GASES OR VAPORS FCC NOTIFICATIONS The transceiver is approved under Part 15 of the FCC Rules Operation is subject to the following two conditions 1 this device may not cause harmful interference and 2 this device must accept any interference received including interference that may cause undesired operation Any unauthorized modification or changes to this device without the express approval of FreeWave Technologies may void the user s authority to operate this device Furthermore this device is intended to be used only when installed in accordance with the instructions outlined in this manual Failure to comply with these instructions may void the user s authority to operate this device Note The LRS 455 transceivers are approved for use in Canada within the 450MHz to 470MHz band CAUTION The LRS 455 series transceiver have maximum transmitted output power of 2W It is recommended that the transmit antenna be kept at least 71 cm away from nearby persons to satisfy FCC RF exposure requirements 4 LUM0016AA Rev D Version 1 0 b LRS 455 Data Transceiver Users Manual Table of Contents ABOUT FREEWAVE T
19. ALL Rcv RATE The Overall Receive Rate measures the percentage of data packets that were successfully transmitted from the Master to the Slave on the first attempt A number of 75 or higher indicates a robust link that will provide very good performance even at high data transmission rates A number of 15 or lower indicates a weak or marginal link that will provide lower data throughput RADIO TEMPERATURE The Radio Temperature value is the current operating temperature of the transceiver in degrees Celsius For proper operation a FreeWave transceiver must be in the temperature range of 30 to 60 C 4 LUM0016AA Rev D Version 1 0 28 LRS 455 Data Transceiver Users Manual Factory Default Settings FreeWave 455MHz transceivers are shipped from the factory with the following Default Settings MultiPoint Parameters Operation Mode Default Default Point to Point Slave 1 1 MASTER PACKET REPEAT o 5 RETRY 0008 4 DTR CONNECT o o ermon Cus Default 6 NETWORK ID 7 RESERVED 8 MULTI MASTER SYNC e suveseumw b po e Low POWER ODE p p 4 LUM0016AA Rev D Version 1 0 29 h LRS 455 Data Transceiver Users Manual Additional Transceiver information This section contains additional important information about FreeWave transceivers The following topics are included in thi
20. RANSCEIVERS 6 CHOOSING A LOCATION FOR THE TRANSCEIVERS 6 CHOOSING POINT TO POINT OR POINT TO MULTIPOINT OPERATION ene nennen enne nennen inerte 6 CHOOSING POINT TO POINT OR POINT TO MULTIPOINT OPERATION ccssssceeesseeceeseneeeeesseesecesseeeesseeeeessaeeeesseesens 7 QUICK START ON A POINT TO MULTIPOINT NETWORL L 8 POINT TO MULTIPOINT OPERATION LEDS nennen enn 8 QUICK START ON A POINT TO POINT NETWORN 9 POINT TO POINT OPERATION LEDS 9 SETTING UPA TRANSCEIVER issssessssssscconsixestexsssoncesesevsonssceanssvsncesesotendvennssousdscesesoastesacconccensaveosasenensesdseavesseeseses 10 OPERATION MODE 10 AA EE EE 12 MODBUS RI oom 15 CALE BOOR A 16 RADIO TRANSMISSION CHARACTERISTICS
21. The output on the Slave will occur within 20 microseconds of the input to the Master Note When 1 PPS is enabled the Master must have a 1 PPS pulse on its DTR pin otherwise the RF network will not function A SLAVE REPEATER Normally a repeater does not have the ability to provide data on the data port When this capability is necessary Slave Repeater should be set to On When using Slave Repeater the baud rate and communication protocol must match the end device B DIAGNOSTICS This option provides diagnostics data to be viewed at the Master in parallel with application data The diagnostic program MUST be run from the Master transceiver Diagnostics requires the following Diagnostics set to 1 to 128 in the Master A second computer or serial connection to run the diagnostics software Si at A diagnostics cable Available from FreeWave Technologies 4 Diagnostics software Available on the User Manual and System Tools CD NOTE When collecting diagnostics from an LRS455 network FreeWave recommends setting the diagnostics polling rate to 400 ms or higher For more information on Diagnostics please contact FreeWave Technical Support at 303 381 9200 C SuBNET ID The Subnet ID function only works in MultiPoint Networks utilizing the Network ID option In a MultiPoint Network a Slave or Repeater will connect with the first Repeater or Master that it hears with the same Network ID However where communications nee
22. a rate devices and it is desirable to increase overall network capacity Note If DTRConnect is set to 1 and the RTS to CTS function is enabled on the radio then RTS to CTS takes precedence over DTRConnect Note If DTRConnect is set to 2 and RTS to CTS is enabled then RTS to CTS is ignored The transceiver has two separate transmit and receive user data buffers These buffers are 2 Kbytes each In case of a buffer overflow the transceiver will output unpredictable data 6 NETWORK ID Network ID allows MultiPoint networks to be established without using the Call Book The default setting of 255 enables the Call Book To enable Network ID the value must be set between 0 and 4095 excluding 255 Since Network ID does not use serial numbers MultiPoint Masters may be replaced without reprogramming all of the Slaves in the network Slaves will link with the first Master that it hears that has a matching Network ID The Network ID function should be used in conjunction with the Subnet ID feature If necessary Without having the serial numbers in the Call Book a Slave may establish communications with different Masters though not at the same time This is very useful in mobile MultiPoint applications 8 MULTIMASTER SYNC MultiMaster Sync is reserved for applications in both Point to Point and MultiPoint modes with concentrations of Master units where it is necessary to reduce interference between the Masters P
23. abling Repeater 7 MultiPoint Slave Repeater mode 4 LUM0016AA Rev D Version 1 0 11 LRS 455 Data Transceiver Users Manual Baud Rate This setting is the communication rate between the transceiver and the instrument to which it is connected It is important to note that this is independent of the baud rate for the other transceiver s in the network For example a pair of transceivers may be used in an application to send data from remote process instrumentation to an engineer s computer In this application the baud rate for the transceiver on the instrumentation might be set to 9600 and the transceiver on the engineer s computer might be set to 57 600 Set Baud Rate Radio Information 0 Operation Mode 1 2 Call Book 3 Transmission Characteristics 5 MultiPoint Pa Diagnostics only 1 Select the appropriate baud rate to match the attached device 4 LUM0016AA Rev D Version 1 0 12 b LRS 455 Data Transceiver Users Manual Baud Rate Description Actual Baud Rate The actual baud rate for the transceiver s data port selections 0 9 It is desirable to set the baud rate to the highest level supported by the device to which it is connected In certain circumstances however this may actually result in slower data communications Data Parity There are six data word length and parity configurations available to be used with FreeWave transceivers The default setting is
24. ater amount than the signal the interference is most likely an in band issue When a noise problem is shown to be helped by way of the High Noise option chances are that the noise may be further squelched by use of a band pass filter available for sale from FreeWave Technologies C REMoTE LED This setting enables the user to connect Remote LED s through the diagnostics port This feature is available in firmware versions 2 64 900MHz and 3 64 2 4GHz or higher Setting Description Notes 0 Board LED s Default Only on board LEDs are enabled 1 Board and Remote LED s Onboard LED s are enabled as well as Remote LED s through the Diagnostic port 2 Remote LED s On board LED s are disabled Remote LED s are enabled through the Diagnostic port Note When using Remote LED s the center TX LED will not turn Green when in Setup mode This line is not pinned out 4 LUM0016AA Rev D Version 1 0 22 h LRS 455 Data Transceiver Users Manual MultiPoint Parameters When installing MultiPoint networks it is important to do some up front planning Unlike Point to Point networks a Point to MultiPoint network requires several parameters are set consistently on all transceivers in the network This includes RF data rate and Min and Max Packet Size Note If several independent MultiPoint networks are to be located in close proximity the planning becomes more critical In such cases it becomes very important to
25. connection between transceivers 2 TX Transmit Data Output Used to transmit data bits serially from the transceivers to the system device 3 RX Receive Data Input Used to receive data bits serially from the system device connected to the transceivers 4 DTR Data Terminal Ready Input Used only in transceivers in Point to Point Slave Master switchable mode or for DTR Connect 5 GND Ground Signal return for all signal lines shared with Pin 9 6 DSR Data Set Ready Output Always high when the radio is powered from the 2 5mm power connector Indicated power is on to the radio Also this pin can be used for 12Volts when powering the transceivers directly through the RS 232 port Note This is not used on the OEM module 7 RTS Request to Send Input The transceiver does not recognize RTS for flow control RTS is used as a control line in RTS CTS mode 8 CTS Clear to Send Output This signal is used to tell the system device connected to the transceiver that the transceiver is ready to receive data When asserted the transceiver will accept data when deasserted the transceiver will not accept data This should always be used for data rates above 38 4KB or there will be a risk of lost data if an RF link is not very robust 9 GND Ground Signal return for all signal lines shared with Pin 5 4 Version 1 0 31 LUMO0016AA Rev D b LRS 455 Data Transceiver Users Manual RF Board Pinout The
26. ct is enabled and set to 1 RTS to CTS mode takes precedence over the functionality of the CTS line on the Slave relating to the DTRConnect feature Note The RTS to CTS option is only available in 5232 mode 8 RETRY TIME OUT The Retry Time Out parameter in a Slave sets the delay the unit will wait before dropping the connection to a Master in MultiPoint mode The factory default is set at the maximum of 255 The maximum setting means that if 1 packet in 255 is sent successfully from the Master to the Slave the link will be maintained The minimum setting is 8 This allows a Slave to drop a connection if less than 1 in 8 consecutive packets is successfully received from the Master 4 LUM0016AA Rev D Version 1 0 20 b LRS 455 Data Transceiver Users Manual On the other hand the function in the Master is effectively the same With a setting of 255 the Master will allow a Slave to stay connected as long as 1 packet in 255 is successfully received at the Master The Retry Time Out parameter is useful when a MultiPoint network has a roving Master or Slave s As the link gets weaker a lower setting will allow a poor link to break in search of a stronger one Note Setting Retry Time Out to 20 is recommended in areas where several FreeWave networks exist This setting will allow Slaves to drop the connection if the link becomes too weak while at the same time prevent errant disconnects due to interference from neighboring networks W
27. d to be forced to follow a specific path the Subnet ID is 4 LUM0016AA Rev D Version 1 0 25 h LRS 455 Data Transceiver Users Manual quite useful Subnet ID is particularly helpful to force two Repeaters in the same network to operate in series rather than in parallel or if desired to force Slaves to communicate to a specific Repeater for load balancing purposes Two components exist with regard to the Subnet ID 1 RcvSubnet ID This setting identifies which transceiver a Repeater or Slave will listen to 2 Xmit Subnet ID This setting identifies the ID on which this device transmits and in turn which devices will listen to it The Xmit Subnet ID parameter is relevant for MultiPoint Repeaters only The default disable setting for both Rcv and Xmit is F Notes A Master will always transmit and receive on 0 With firmware of 2 40 and greater 900 2 or 3 40 and greater 2 4GHz the Master may be set to use alternate Subnet ID values Changing these settings on the Master is not recommended under normal circumstances In some MultiPoint Networks the FreqKey will be at the same setting for all transceivers In other networks where parallel Repeaters are introduced the FreqKey value will need to change See FreqKey and Repeater Frequency sections earlier in this manual for more information If both Rcv Subnet ID and Xmit Subnet ID are set to 0 the Subnet ID will show Roaming in the menu This setting will allow a mobile Slave
28. eivers designated as Point to MultiPoint Slaves Point to This mode designates the transceiver as a Slave in MultiPoint mode This mode MultiPoint allows the Slave to communicate with a MultiPoint Master The Slave may 4 LUM0016AA Rev D Version 1 0 b LRS 455 Data Transceiver Users Manual Slave 3 communicate with its Master Point to Point FreeWave allows the use of one repeater in a Point to Point communications Repeater 5 link significantly extending the operating range When designated as a Repeater a transceiver behaves as a pass through link All settings for the call book baud rates and radio transmission characteristics are disabled A Repeater will connect with any Master that calls it The Repeater must be set up properly in the Master s call book Point to Point Mode 6 allows the transceiver to be controlled entirely through software Slave Master commands number of key parameters in FreeWave s user interface may be Switchable 6 changed either directly with a program such as Windows Terminal or through the use of script files Additionally when the Point to Point Slave Master Switchable option is selected and the transceiver is not calling a Slave it will function as a Slave and accept any appropriate calls from other transceivers Point to This option allows the transceiver to operate as a Repeater in a MultiPoint MultiPoint network See the MultiPoint parameters section for details on en
29. erefore it is important that a protocol exists to resolve contention for the Master between Slaves This is addressed through parameters 2 Max Slave Retry and 3 Retry Odds Once the Slave has unsuccessfully attempted to transmit the packet the number of times specified in Max Slave Retry it will attempt to transmit to the Master on a random basis The Retry Odds parameter determines the probability that the Slave will attempt to retransmit the packet to the Master a low setting will assign low odds to the Slave attempting to transmit Conversely a high setting will assign higher odds An example of how this parameter might be used would be when considering two different Slaves in a MultiPoint network one with a strong RF link and the other with a weak RF link to the Master It may be desirable to assign higher Retry Odds to the Slave with the weaker link to give it a better chance of competing with the closer Slave s for the Master s attention When Retry Odds 0 after the Slave has exhausted the number of retries set in the Max Slave Retry parameter and still not gained the Master s attention the Slave s data buffer will be purged 4 DTR CoNNECT With the setting of 0 in the Slave the transceiver will transmit when RS232 data is received A setting of 1 will form a Point to Point link with the Master when the DTR line is high With a setting of 2 the transceiver will transmit in bursts This mode is valuable when a network has many low dat
30. ersion 1 0 32 h LRS 455 Data Transceiver Users Manual Frequency List The LRS 455 transceivers tune from 435MHz to 470MHz with a tuning resolution of 6 25KHz This gives a total of 5600 available channels Using the license allowed frequency the channel number can be determined using the following formula Channel number 460 69600 Note This is a partial list If the required frequency is not listed use the formula to obtain the appropriate channel number Channel Frequency Channel Frequency Channel Frequency 0 435 000 2060 447 875 4120 460 750 20 435 125 2080 448 000 4140 460 875 40 435 250 2100 448 125 4160 461 000 60 435 375 2120 448 250 4180 461 125 80 435 500 2140 448 375 4200 461 250 100 435 625 2160 448 500 4220 461 375 120 435 750 2180 448 625 4240 461 500 140 435 875 2200 448 750 4260 461 625 160 436 000 2220 448 875 4280 461 750 180 436 125 2240 449 000 4300 461 875 200 436 250 2260 449 125 4320 462 000 220 436 375 2280 449 250 4340 462 125 240 436 500 2300 449 375 4360 462 250 260 436 625 2320 449 500 4380 462 375 280 436 750 2340 449 625 4400 462 500 300 436 875 2360 449 750 4420 462 625 320 437 000 2380 449 875 4440 462 750 340 437 425 2400 450 000 4460 462875 360 437 250 2420 450 125 4480 463 000 380 437 375 2440 450 250 4500 463 125 400 437 500 2460 450375 4520 463 250
31. et to 1 and a setting of 6 will have the same effect as 2 and so on Note TurnOffDelay must be set to a value of at least 4 for RS4xx operation FlowControl This menu specifies the hardware flow control for the Data port The options for 0 3 are described below Port Additional Information None Default Uses software control XON XOFF RTS DTR DOT LUM0016AA Rev D Version 1 0 14 b LRS 455 Data Transceiver Users Manual Modbus RTU Timing The Modbus RTU setting causes the radio to wait for an amount of time gathering data before sending out the radio link With a setting of 0 Disabled the radio will send data out its radio link as soon as the data is received into the serial port With a setting of 1 the radio will wait for a number of slots equal to 2 times the Master Packet Repeat setting before sending the received data out the radio link For example if Master Packet Repeat 3 the radio will wait for 6 slots gathering data up the whole time At the end of the 6 slots the radio will send all received data in one burst This is the appropriate setting for most Modbus RTU devices With a setting of 2 and higher the radio will wait for a number of slots calculated by the following formula Modbus RTU Setting Master Packet Repeat Setting 1 x 2 For example in a radio where the Modbus RTU setting 2 and the Master Packet Repeat setting 3 the radio will wait for 2 3 1 x 2 or 12 slots
32. f radio data transmission The settings for the Slave s not determined by the Master are RF Xmit Power Slave Security Retry Time Out and Hop Table Size Hop Table Version and Hop Table Offset Radio Information 0 Operation Mode 1 Baud Rate 2 Call Book 1 Transmission Characteristics 5 MultiPoint Pa Tx Frequency MHz 340 3125 Rx Frequency MHz 440 3125 Max Packet Size 6 v Min Packet Size 3 x Transmit Rate 1 h RF Data Rate GFSK Type 3 25kHz2Level Transmit Power 0 Slave Security Off RTSto CTS 0 Retry Timeout 80 Low Power Mode 0 m Remote LED Local Only Edit Radio Transmission Characteristics SETTING XMIT AND RCV FREQUENCIES The 400MHz Data Transceiver has the option to operate in a Frequency Division Duplex mode by transmitting on one frequency and receiving on another The LRS 455 transceivers must be programmed to operate on the appropriate frequency To program the transceiver for single channel operation enter the frequency in Megahertz into the TX and RX Frequency slots If the transceivers are to operate in Frequency Division Duplex the TX and RX Frequency slots will have different frequencies assigned 4 LUM0016AA Rev D Version 1 0 17 LRS 455 Data Transceiver Users Manual 1 AND 2 MAX PACKET SIZE AND MIN PACKET SIZE The Max and Min Packet Size settings and the RF Data Rate determine the number of bytes in the packets Throughput can be enhanced when packet si
33. h LRS 455 Data Transceiver Manual itt WME D FreeWave Technologies LRS 455 Data Transceiver Version 1 0 Revision D FreeWave Technologies Inc 1880 South Flatiron Court Boulder CO 80301 303 444 3862 303 786 9948 Fax www FreeWave com 54 LUMO0016AA Rev D Version 1 0 i b LRS 455 Data Transceiver Users Manual LICENSED BAND WIRELESS DATA TRANSCEIVER USER MANUAL Copyright 1995 2009 by FreeWave Technologies Inc All rights reserved Published 2009 WARRANTY FreeWave Technologies warrants your FreeWave Wireless Data Transceiver against defects in materials and manufacturing for a period of two years from the date of shipment In the event of a Product failure due to materials or workmanship FreeWave will at its option repair or replace the Product The Product must be returned to FreeWave upon receiving a Return Material Authorization RMA for evaluation of Warranty Coverage In no event will FreeWave Technologies Inc its suppliers and its licensors be liable for any damages arising from the use of or inability to use this Product This includes business interruption loss of business information or other loss which may arise from the use of this Product Please be advised that OEM customer s warranty periods may vary Warranty Policy may not apply 1 If Product repair adjustments or parts replacements is required due to accident neglect unusual physical electrical or electromagnetic stress 2
34. he Master senses the RTS line prior to all scheduled packet transmissions If the state has changed the Master will then transmit a message to the Slave with the new status This transmission will occur regardless of data being sent If data is ready to be sent the RTS status message will be sent in addition to the data In Point to Point mode the Master will continue sending the new status message until it receives an acknowledgment from the Slave In MultiPoint mode the Master will repeat the message the number of times equal to the Master Packet Repeat value in the MultiPoint Parameters menu Master transmit times are completely asynchronous to the occurrence of any change of the RTS line the latency time from RTS to CTS is variable The Max and Min Packet Size parameters in the Radio Parameter menu determine this duration Setting both parameters to their maximum value of 9 will produce a maximum latency time of approximately 21 ms At the minimum settings for Max and Min Packet Size 0 the time will be approximately 5 9 ms Please note that this latency can increase significantly if packets are lost between the Master and Slave In Point to MultiPoint mode there is no absolute guarantee that the state change will be communicated to all Slaves in the unlikely event that all repeated packets from the Master do not get through to all Slaves Note If DTRConnect is enabled and set to 2 the RTS to CTS feature will not work Note If the DTRConne
35. hile intended primarily for MultiPoint networks the Retry Time Out parameter may also be modified in Point to Point networks However the value in Point to Point mode should not be set to less than 151 9 LowPowER MODE The Lowpower Mode feature allows a MultiPoint Slave to consume less power When set to 2 through 31 the transceiver will sleep between slots For example at a setting of 2 the transceiver sleeps 1 out of 2 slots at a setting of 3 the transceiver sleeps 2 out of 3 slots and so on The following table shows the changes at different Lowpower Mode settings The actual current draw depends on many factors The table below gives only a qualitative indication of supply current savings A low number reduces latency and a high number reduces current consumption Setting Description Current Draw 0 Lowpower disabled 1 LEDs dimmed transceiver remains awake transceiver is listening to the Master s transmissions on every slot transceiver s data port is shut down if the RTS line is deasserted low In this case the transceiver needs to be awakened before it will be able to send data to the Master 2 LEDs dimmed transceiver sleeps every other slot 3 LEDs dimmed transceiver sleeps 2 of 3 slots 4 31 LEDs dimmed transceiver sleeps the number of slots corresponding to the setting For example with a setting of 31 the transceiver sleeps 30 of 31 slots Less IMPORTANT NOTES 1 Lowpo
36. ings in the Master Therefore deploying the Master on the communications end where it will be easier to access is advised but not necessary Operation Description Mode Point to Point This mode designates the transceiver as the Master in Point to Point mode The Master 0 Master may call any or all Slaves designated in its Call Book In Point to Point mode the Master determines the setting used for most of the radio transmission characteristics regardless of the settings in the Slave The settings not determined by the Master are RF Xmit Power Slave Security Retry Time Out and the Hop Table settings A quick method of identifying a Master is to power the transceiver Prior to establishing a communication link with a Slave all three of the Master s LEDs will be solid red Point to Point This mode designates the transceiver as a Slave in Point to Point mode The Slave 1 Slave communicates with any Master in its Call Book When functioning as a Slave the Entry to Call feature in the transceiver s Call Book is not operational The Call Book may be bypassed in the Slave by setting Slave Security to 1 See the Slave Security section later in this manual Point to This mode designates the transceiver as a Master in MultiPoint mode This MultiPoint mode allows one Master transceiver to simultaneously be in communication with Master 2 numerous Slaves A Point to MultiPoint Master communicates only with other transc
37. lease contact FreeWave Technologies for more information 4 LUM0016AA Rev D Version 1 0 24 b LRS 455 Data Transceiver Users Manual 9 1 PPS ENABLE DELAY The 1 PPS Enable Delay option allows the radio network to propagate a 1PPS signal from the Master to all Slaves in a MultiPoint network When this parameter is enabled a properly generated pulse applied on the DTR line of the Master will provide a 1 PPS pulse on the CD line of any Slave in the network To use the 1 PPS Enable Delay feature the steps outlined below must be followed 1PPS Enable Delay Setup 1 The 1 PPS Enable Delay parameter must be set to 0 in the Master 2 The Master must have a 1 PPS pulse on the DTR pin 3 The 1 PPS Enable Delay parameter on the Slaves must be enabled Slaves are calibrated at the factory Calibrating a Slave in 1PPS Enable Delay mode 1 Trigger an oscilloscope on the 1 PPS pulse on the DTR line of the Master 2 Monitor the CD line of the Slave 3 If the timing on the Slave differs from the Master it may be adjusted via the value in the Slave s 1 PPS Enable Delay parameter The difference in time between each incremental integer value is 542 534nS Changing the parameter to higher values decreases the Slave time delay and changing the parameter to lower values increases the time delay When properly calibrated the CD line of a Slave radio will output a pulse that goes high for about 2mS in sync with the 1 PPS pulse on the Master radio
38. lid red Solid red Solid Solid red no data bright dim green brightitit Slave linked to Master Solid red Solid red Solid Solid red Master sending data to bright green brightitit Slave Slave linked to Master Solid Solid red Intermittent Solid Intermittent Solid red Slave sending data to RCV data dim flash green flash brightitit Master or Solid red red red 20 brights Master with diagnostics Solid red Solid red Intermittent Intermittent Solid red program running brights dim flash flash brights red red Clear to Send LED will be solid redi with a solid link as the link weakens the Clear to Send LED light on the Slave will begin to flasho 4 LUM0016AA Rev D Version 1 0 8 b LRS 455 Data Transceiver Users Manual Quick Start on a Point to Point Network When purchased as a pair the FreeWave Wireless Data Transceivers are shipped from the factory pre configured to operate in Point to Point applications To establish communications between a pair of FreeWave Wireless Data Transceivers just received from the factory 1 Connect antennas to the transceivers Freewave Technologies recommends that the antenna port be loaded at all times to prevent damage to the LRS 455 radios Noise potential may be reduced on the bench by lowering the Xmit power 2 Connect the transceiver to the instrument with the RS232 cable connect the antenna
39. nnected to e Set data rate to 19 200 data bits 8 Parity none Stop bits 1 Flow control none 3 Press the Setup button on the radio If using the diagnostics cable press Shift U capital U e three lights on the board should all turn green indicating Setup mode e The main menu will appear on the screen 4 Press 0 to get into the Operation Mode menu e Press 2 to set the radio as a point to MultiPoint Master e OR Press to set the radio as a point to MultiPoint Slave e Press Esc to get back to Main menu 5 Press 1 in the main menu to change the Baud Rate e The baud rate must be changed to match the baud rate of the device that the radio is to be attached to e Press Esc to get back to Main menu 6 At the Main Menu press 3 e SetFreqKey Max Packet Size Min Packet Size RF Data rate identical on all radios in the network Note Changing these values may help to eliminate interference from other FreeWave networks e Press Esc to get back to Main menu T At the Main Menu press 5 e Set the Network ID value to any value between 1 and 4095 except 255 e Make sure this value is the same on every radio in the network Point to MultiPoint Operation LEDs Slave Condition Carrier Detect Transmit Clear to Carrier Transmit Clear to CD TX Send CTS Detect TX Send CD CTS Powered not linked Solid red Solid red Off Solid red Off Wg Blinking brights red Slave linked to Master So
40. ome weak or marginal links it should be set with higher values If a Slave receives a good packet from a Master more than once it will discard the repeated packets Increasing the Master Packet Repeat setting will increase the probability of a packet getting through but will also increase latency in the network because each packet from the Master is being sent multiple times Therefore it is important to find the optimal mix between network robustness throughput and latency In general a setting of to 1 will work well for most well designed licensed band networks Note The Master Packet Repeat may be set to 0 if the user software is capable of or requires acknowledgment In this case if a packet sent by the Master and not received by the Slave the user software will control the retries as needed 4 LUM0016AA Rev D Version 1 0 23 b LRS 455 Data Transceiver Users Manual 2 MAX SLAVE RETRY The Max Slave Retry setting defines how many times 0 to 9 the Slave will attempt to retransmit a packet to the Master before beginning to use a back off algorithm defined by the Retry Odds setting Slave retries will stop when an acknowledgement is received from the Master 3 RETRY 5 While packets transmitted from the Master to the Slaves in a MultiPoint network are not acknowledged packets transmitted from Slaves to the Master are It is possible that more than one Slave will attempt to transmit to the Master at the same time Th
41. osing a Location for the Transceivers Placement of the FreeWave transceiver is likely to have a significant impact on its performance The key to the overall robustness of the radio link is the height of the antenna In general FreeWave units with a higher antenna placement will have a better communication link In practice the transceiver should be placed away from computers telephones answering machines and other similar equipment The RS232 cable included with the transceiver usually provides ample distance for placement away from other equipment To improve the data link FreeWave Technologies offers directional antennas with cable lengths ranging from 3 to 200 feet When using an external antenna placement of that antenna is critical to a solid data link Other antennas in close proximity are a potential source of interference use the Radio Statistics to help identify potential problems The Show Radio Statistics page is found in option 4 in the Main Menu An adjustment as little as 2 feet in antenna placement can resolve some noise problems In extreme cases band pass filter may reduce the out of band noise WARNING Do not connect the LRS455 series radio to power without terminating the antenna port to a load d LUM0016AA Rev D Version 1 0 6 b LRS 455 Data Transceiver Users Manual Choosing Point to Point or Point to MultiPoint Operation A Point to Point network is limited to one Master and one Slave transceiver In a Point to M
42. rted the lasttime it was read Radio Statistics in the Main Menu allows the user to view data transmission statistics gathered by the transceiver during the most recent session This is valuable when the user needs to know the signal strength and noise levels of the link Statistics are gathered during each data link and are reset when the next link begins See display below NUMBER OF DISCONNECTS Any time the link between the Master and the Slave is broken and the radios lose Carrier Detect it is recorded in the Number of Disconnects value The value indicates the total number of disconnects that have occurred from the time the transceiver is powered on until the radio is put into Setup mode Under ideal operating conditions the number of disconnects should be 0 One or more disconnects may indicate a weak link the presence of severe interference problems or loss of power to any of the radios in the link ANTENNA REFLECTED POWER This is a measurement of the transmitted power that is reflected back into the transceiver from mismatched antennas or cables or loose connections between the transceiver and antenna A reading 4 LUM0016AA Rev D Version 1 0 27 h LRS 455 Data Transceiver Users Manual of 0 5 is good 5 30 is acceptable 30 indicates that the connections should be inspected for loose connections and cable quality AVERAGE NOISE LEVEL The average noise level indicates the level of background noise and interference at
43. s section Operational RS422 and RS 485 Information RS232Pin Assignments Board Pin Assignments Operational RS 422 and RS 485 Information For both RS 422 and RS 485 the FreeWave transceiver can drive 32 standard unit loads and loads the bus with only 1 8 unit load This means the user can tie up to 256 devices on the bus if all of the line receivers have 1 8 unit load RS 422 is used for 4 wire or full duplex communication with one Master and multiple Slaves The FreeWave Master transceiver keeps the line driver asserted at all times The maximum line length is 4 000 feet using 2 120 ohm twisted pair cables with a 5th wire for data common RS 485 full duplex using 4 wire plus common is the same as RS 422 except the system can have multiple Masters on the bus The most common operation of RS 485 is a two wire comprised of a 120 ohm impedance single twisted pair In this system the loading of the FreeWave transceiver is as described above which allows up to 256 1 8 unit load units on the bus Maximum line length is also 4 000 feet with a third wire required for data common The FreeWave transceiver will check the line to be certain no other device is transmitting before enabling the line driver for data transmission When setting the transceiver to RS 485 set Modbus RTU to 1 and make Master Packet Repeat match in the transceiver s that will use RS 485 Also set TurnOff Delay to 4 The TurnOffDelay setting in the menu is used
44. this transceiver The number is an average of the noise levels measured at each frequency in the transceiver s frequency hop table The individual measurement values at each frequency hop channel are shown in the frequency table Pressing the Enter key when the Radio Statistics menu is displayed accesses the frequency table Ideally noise levels should be below 120 dBm units and the difference between the average signal level and average noise level should be 26 dB or more Noise levels significantly higher than this are an indication of a high level of interference that may degrade the performance of the link High noise levels can often be mitigated with band pass filters antenna placement or antenna polarization AVERAGE SIGNAL LEVEL The average signal level indicates the level of received signal at this transceiver For each of these the signal source is the transceiver that transmits to it The number is an average of the received signal levels measured at each frequency in the transceiver s frequency hop table The individual measurement values at each frequency hop channel are shown in the frequency table Pressing the Enter key when the Radio Statistics menu is displayed accesses the frequency table For a reliable link the margin should be at least 26 dB Low Average Signal Levels can often be corrected with higher gain antennas and better antenna placement Note Please consult the install manual for antenna and FCC requirements OVER
45. to roam from subnet to subnet and possibly from network to network This drawing depicts a Network in which Subnet IDs are used to force communications In this example Repeater1 must talk directly to the Master Repeater2 must talk directly to Repeater1 Slaves 1 2 and 3 are forced along the direction of the solid lines Slave4 may link to the first Master or Repeater it hears The respective Subnet ID diagram and settings are shown below D Rabio ID Option D allows a transceiver to be designated with an arbitrary user selectable 4 digit number which identifies the transceiver in diagnostics mode E LocAL AccEss Local Access is not to be used at this time LUMO0016AA Rev D Version 1 0 26 b LRS 455 Data Transceiver Users Manual G RADIO NAME Option G allows the user to set a unique 20 character Radio name Radio Information 0 Operation Mode 1 Baud Rate 2 Call Book 3 Transmission Characteristics 5 M Model LRS 455 MHz Series Date Created 3 19 2009 11 31 AM Serial Number 455 0085 Date Modified 3 31 2009 8 08 AM Firmware Version 1 66w1 v User Data Radio Name 455 0085 LRS 455 MHz Series Radio Notes User created information pertaining to the radio Master Slave Distance m 0 Noise dBm 134 Number of Disconnects 1 Signal dBm 86 Radio Temperature C 22 Rate 0 Antenna Reflected Power 0 Transmit Current mA 0 These are the saved values the radio repo
46. ultiPoint network also referred to as MultiPoint network the transceiver designated as a Master is able to simultaneously communicate with numerous Slaves In its simplest form a MultiPoint network functions with the Master broadcasting its messages to all Slaves and the Slaves responding to the Master when given data by the device connected to the data port It is important to note the differences between Point to Point and MultiPoint networks In a Point to Point network all packets are acknowledged whether sent from the Master to the Slave or from the Slave to the Master In a MultiPoint network outbound packets from the Master to Slaves are sent a set number of times determined by the user The receiving transceiver will accept the first packet received that passes the 32 bit CRC However the packet is not acknowledged On the return trip to the Master all packets sent by the Slave are acknowledged or retransmitted until they are acknowledged Therefore the return link in a MultiPoint network is generally very robust Note In licensed band operation it is suggested to set the repeated master packets at 0 due to the spectrum being quiet This will maximize throughput and leverage the advantages of licensed band operation Traditionally a MultiPoint network is used in applications where data is collected from many instruments and reported back to one central site As such the architecture of such a network is different from Point to Point
47. way and a solid data link is preferred over data throughput Note In MultiPoint networks the RF Data Rate must be set identically in all transceivers Any transceiver with an RF Data Rate different from the Master will not establish a link In Point to Point networks the Master s settings take precedence over the Slave RF Data Rate Setting Occupied Bandwidth Modulation Level 1 50kHz 2 level GFSK 2 25kHz 4 level GFSK 3 25kHz 2 level GFSK 4 12 5kHz 4 level GFSK 5 12 5kHz 2 level GFSK Note ONLY RF Data Rates 4 and 5 are currently FCC Approved 5 POWER The RF Xmit Power parameter allows the user to control the output transmit power up to two watts 33dBm Note For use in applications requiring greater than 7096 transmit duty cycle the LRS 760 series of radios must be attached to an appropriate heat sink The following table shows RF TX output versus the RF Xmit Power setting RF Xmit RF TX RF Xmit RF TX RF Xmit RF TX RF Xmit RF TX Power Power Power Power Power Power Power Power dBm dBm dBm dBm 10 33 7 30 4 27 1 24 9 32 6 29 3 26 0 23 8 31 5 28 2 25 4 LUM0016AA Rev D Version 1 0 19 b LRS 455 Data Transceiver Users Manual 6 SLAvE SECURITY Slave security is a feature which allows Slave transceivers to accept transmissions from a Master not included in the Call Book The default setting is Slave Security
48. wer Mode is used only in MultiPoint Slaves using serial protocol Power savings occur only when the Slave is linked There are no power savings when the Slave is transmitting data Lowpower Mode is of little value when a Slave has a constant high throughput MCUSpeed must be set to 0 and RF Data Rate must be set to 3 for Lowpower Mode to operate properly 2 To communicate to an RS232 port of a transceiver that is in Lowpower Mode the RTS line must be held high to wake it up The transceiver will wake up within approximately 20 milliseconds of when RTS goes high 3 Ifthe RTS line on the Slave is held high the transceiver will remain in normal operation regardless of the Lowpower Mode setting Once RTS is dropped the transceiver reverts to the Lowpower Mode If the transceiver has the DTRConnect option set to 1 or 2 and if the Lowpower Mode enabled set to 1 31 the RTS line on the transceiver must be asserted for the DTRConnect feature to operate properly 4 LUM0016AA Rev D Version 1 0 21 b LRS 455 Data Transceiver Users Manual A HIGH NOISE The High Noise Option is useful in determining if out of band interference is affecting a radio link A setting of 1 will provide a reduction of gain in the front end circuit thereby decreasing the affect of any out of band noise The results will be seen as a lower signal value and a much lower noise value as found in Radio Statistics or Diagnostics If the noise is not reduced by a gre
49. zes are optimized The following 3 tables provide the information to determine optimum setting values Minimum Packet Size Definition Min Setting Min Packet Size 0 0 16 32 48 64 80 96 112 128 144 N O OT 2 N Maximum Packet Size 2 level FSK Max Setting Max Packet Size 0 32 48 64 80 96 112 128 135 135 135 N O Maximum Packet Size 4 level FSK Max Setting Max Packet Size 0 32 48 64 80 96 112 128 144 160 176 o IN or IN 4 LUM0016AA Rev D Version 1 0 18 b LRS 455 Data Transceiver Users Manual 3 RATE FreeWave transceivers utilize a Master Transmit Beacon to provide low current consumption in the slave radios The slave radios will turn their receiver off when no data is being passed The Xmit Rate setting allows the duty cycle of the Master Transmit Beacon to be changed A setting of 0 is the highest duty cycle and a setting of 9 is the lowest duty cycle 4 RF DATA RATE FreeWave transceivers have five settings for the RF Data Rate 1 2 3 4 5 RF Data Rate should not be confused with the serial port Baud Rate Setting 2 should be used when the transceivers are close together and data throughput needs to be optimized Setting 3 should be used when the transceivers are farther a
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