TS-5500 User`s Manual
Contents
1. 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 Figure 6 LCD Header Pinout 01 10 03 TS 5500 User s Manual Technologic Systems The TS 5500 BIOS incorporates a fairly complete set of INT10h video routines that work with the LCD Once the Function Comments LCD has been enabled INT15h Func B042h see LCD 5V Appendix E below LCD GND The LCD can be written to as the standard I O device This means that software can be developed and debugged Register Select using standard I O calls and the executable will work with POETE AN LCD VGA video or redirected COM port See the section Bias 680 Ohm to GND 16 for more information LCD_EN Active high Enable I O addresses 72h and 73h are used to access the LCD LCD WR Active low Write Figure 6 shows the header pin out while Table 3 lists the a LCD signals The section below will briefly describe the LCD_D1 LCD interface signals The LCD can be controlled directly LCD_DO by software at these addresses LCD_RS LCD_D3 The register select signal is simply the buffered AO LCD D2 DO D7 Buffered address line Thus reads and writes to 72h cause register bi directional data select to be low and those to 73h cause it to be high LCD_DS5 bus Generally the LCD uses this line to separate data bytes LCD D4 from command bytes See your LCD data sheet for details LCD_D7 LCD_D6 The LCD Write signal is an active low write enable line LCD Enable is an active2. The kernel drivers are compiled as part of the kernel make The modules selected are a minimal to keep the embedded file system small Additional modules can by added by adding them in the kernel configuration screens and recompiling the kernel The Linux support page on the Technologic Systems web site will provide a patch for the Linux kernel that is the best starting point for any kernel changes Any standard Linux drivers should work with our system The Hotplug scripts will automatically detect and configure supported Linux devices See the Hotplug project web site for more details and a comprehensive supported devices list See the etc hotplug directory on the TS 5500 for configuration scripts Hotplug web site http linux hotplug sourceforge net Linux USB web site http www linux usb org Technologic Systems web site see Linux Support Page http www embeddedx86 com 01 10 03 TS 5500 User s Manual Technologic Systems 12 3 Supported Devices Here is a list of devices tested at Technologic Systems and known to work with the TS 5500 many other USB devices will work with the TS 5500 see the kernel drivers and the Linux USB web sites for more information Compact Flash adapters Sandisk SDDR 31 Sandisk SDDR 05 SIIG US2256 Flash Drives HyperSecurity Transcend Web Cams Digital Cameras Ricoh RDC 5300 Serial adapters 13 Real Time Clock The Dallas Semiconductor DS12887 is used for the PC compatible battery backed rea
3. link below The home page for PCMCIA Card Services for Linux can be found http pcmcia cs sourceforge net 01 10 03 TS 5500 User s Manual Technologic Systems 11 3 Supported Devices There is a very large list of devices supported by the Linux Card Services package available on the sourceforge page Here is a list of devices tested at Technologic Systems and known to work with the TS 5500 802 11b Wireless Ethernet adapters Belkin F5D6020 Netgear MA401 Orinoco Gold PC24E H FC Phoebe WLCO10 INT Cellular Modem Novatel Merlin C201 Sprint PCS Connection Card Hard Drives Toshiba MK5002MPL 5GB Hard Disk Drive Sandisk Compact Flash w PCMCIA to Compact Flash Adapter Modem Actiontec DataLink Fax Modem Ethernet adapters SoHoware ND5120 E 16 bit 10 Mbps adapter Netgear FA511 32 bit CardBus 10 100 adapter Hawking Technology 32 bit CardBus 10 100 adapter 12 USB Bridge 12 1 Hardware The TS 5500 uses the FireLink 82C861 USB controller this is the de facto Industry Standard USB Controller from OPTi The 82C861 controller is fully compatible with the USB OHCI OpenHCl specification and supports speeds up to 12 Mbps under USB Rev 1 1 The TS 5500 provides two USB ports with individual power switching and over current shutdown The USB controller is connected as a standard PCI device on the TS 5500 using interrupt 9 12 2 Software Linux Support Only The USB drivers are standard kernel modules loaded by the Hotplug scripts
4. the TS 5500 is much more reliable in high vibration environments 4 2 Flash There is a total of 1 or 2 MB of Flash memory on the TS 5500 with 128 KB reserved for the BIOS During POST this 128 KB area is copied from Flash into SDRAM at addresses E0000h through FFFFFh for improved performance a standard technique known as BIOS Shadowing The remainder of the Flash memory 896KB or 1920 KB is configured as two solid state disk SSD drives appearing as drive A and drive B Drive A is always present and uses 896 KB of Flash memory while drive B uses the remaining 1024 KB of Flash memory if the 2MB option is present Both drives are fully supported by the BIOS as INT 13h drives The physical Flash memory is accessed by the BIOS in protected mode at memory address 148M The Flash memory is guaranteed capable of a minimum of 100 000 write erase cycles This means that if you completely erase and rewrite the SSD drive 10 times a day you have over 27 years before any problems would occur Reading the SSD produces no wear at all Power failure during flash writes can cause corruption of flash drive FAT tables A or B Therefore applications writing frequently should use DiskOnChip or Compact Flash card drives which are more tolerant of power failure during write cycles Flash drive A is read only when JP3 is not installed Flash drive B can also be write protected with JP8 Write protecting these drives can be useful if there are critical files
5. 2 in the UART Control Register UART1CTL and UART2CTL UART1CTL DFCCOh UART2CTL DFCC4h Clearing bit 2 to a 0 will change the clock to the 10X rate NOTE You must not modify the other bits of this register You must use a read modify write procedure to change these bits The following code written in Turbo C provides an example for changing COM1 to run at a 10X Baud rate int main unsigned char far comreg unsigned char comvalue comreg unsigned char far MK FP OxDFOO OxCCO comvalue comreg Load Register comvalue comvalue amp OxFB Modify it comreg comvalue Write it out return 0 01 10 03 TS 5500 User s Manual Technologic Systems Appendix G Further References Technologic Systems Web Site http www embeddedx86 com Crystal CS8900A Ethernet Controller Overview http www cirrus com products overviews cs8900a html Dallas Semiconductor DS12887 Data Sheet http Awww embeddedx86 com downloads 12887 pdf Intel 386EX User s Guide http developer intel com design intarch manuals 272485 htm Maxim Integrated Products http www maxim ic com National Semiconductor NS16C450 Data Sheet Omen Technologies http www omen com PC 104 Consortium Web Site http www pc104 org Waterloo TCP IP Software WATTCP http www wattcp com Appendix H Manual Revisions 01 10 03 Initial release 01 10 03
6. Technologic Systems Appendix E BIOS Interrupt Functions We have extended the standard BIOS interrupts with several functions that simplify interfacing with the TS 5500 hardware Many books are available with detailed information on using interrupts with just about any language Example code is also available on the utility disk You can download the complete User s Manual with BIOS Interrupt Reference from the Technologic Systems website http www embeddedx86 com downloads EBIOS UM PDF Int 15h Function B0OOh Technologic Systems BIOS information This function is mostly for our own internal use but may be useful for user programs as well For example your program could have debugging code that executes on your desktop machine but does not when the program is executing on the TS 5500 ENTRY AX B000h EXIT CY 0 carry flag AH 0 AL SP_VERSION For standard versions of the BIOS this is 0 An SP number is assigned when custom modifications are made to the BIOS for a client and it is returned in this register Contact us for further information 00h for standard products BH BIOS Version Major Number E g If the current BIOS version is 2 40 the register will contain 02h BL BIOS Version Minor Number E g If the current BIOS version is 2 40 the register will contain 28h 28h 40 decimal CH Base Flash Memory Size 512kB The TS 5500 is available with 1024kB of base Flash memory standard
7. Write Buffer When write buffering is Enabled the internal 16K byte L1 cache is used to allow zero wait state writes to SDRAM This setting defaults to Disabled and may be Enabled by the user to optimize performance Refer to the AMD Elan SC520 users manual section 11 for more information on write buffering Cache Mode When set to Write Through all writes to SDRAM will be updated in the internal cache as well as the SDRAM When set to Write Back only the internal cache is updated the cache controller will determine when to flush cache to SDRAM This setting defaults to Write Through and may be set to Write Back by the user to optimize performance Refer to the AMD Elan SC520 users manual section 8 4 2 2 for more information on cache mode CPU Speed This will set the clock speed for the CPU core This can be set to 100 MHz or 133 Mhz The default speed for commercial temperature products is 133 MHz the default for industrial temperature products is 100 MHz Changing this setting will not affect industrial temperature products because they are specified by AMD with a maximum clock speed of 100 MHz C8000 CFFFF maps to This setting allows a block of memory space to be mapped to either the PC 104 bus or the onboard SDRAM This setting defaults to PC 104 bus GP Bus Timings This setting allows the PC 104 bus timing to be stretched to allow slower devices to operate If Plug N Play boards are installed or in the ca
8. a 100 Mbit network is detected and off for a 10 Mbit network Both of these LEDs are controlled by the DM9102A and do not require initialization by the processor 10 1 LINUX TCP IP configuration When using the TS 5500 with TS Linux the CS8900 driver can be included in the kernel or loaded as a kernel module If the Technologic Systems kernel is used the CS8900 driver is built into the kernel The settings stored in EPROM on the TS 5500 are used to configure the CS8900 The TCP IP settings for the TS Linux are configured in the file etc sysconfig ifcfg ethO here is a listing Name of Ethernet interface IP address of this Ethernet interface Used with NETWORK to determine local I Used with NETMASK to determine local Broadcast IP for system wide messages Initialize on startup DEVICE etho0 IPADDR 192 168 0 50 ETMASK 255 255 255 0 ETWORK 192 168 0 0 BROADCAST 192 168 0 255 ENABLE yes P S IP s tt tt The second Ethernet port on the TS 5500 is configured by the file etc sysconfig ifcfg eth1 By default the eth1 config file has ENABLE no which means eth1 will not be configured on boot up Change this to yes if you want eth1 configured by the startup scripts The TCP IP network settings are configured in the file etc sysconfig network_cfg here is a listing Technologic Systems General Network Confi
9. can be used as 11 additional digital I O lines or it can be used to interface to a standard alphanumeric LCD display At system reset the port defaults to DIO mode If using an LCD display this port can be switched to LCD mode by writing a 1 into bit 4 at I O location Hex 7D or the BIOS call to enable the LCD also sets bit 4 at I O location Hex 7D See Section 7 for LCD mode LCD 6 LCD 7 When the LCD port is in DIO mode pins LCD_RS and LCD_WR are LCD 4 LCD 5 digital inputs LCD_EN is a digital output and LCD_0 thru LCD_7 are LCD 2 LCD 3 programmable as either inputs or outputs LCD_0 LCD_1 LCD_RS and LCD_WR can be read at I O location 73h bits 7 and 6 LCD_WR LCD_EN respectively The state of LCD_EN is controlled by writing to I O Bias LED RS location 73h bit 0 GND 5V l Figure 5 Pinout for LCD header LCD_0 thru LCD_7 can be read or written at I O location 72h The when used as DIO direction of this byte wide port pins 7 14 is determined by bits 2 and 3 at I O location 7Dh If bit 2 is a zero then the lower 4 bits pins 7 10 are inputs If bit 2 is logic 1 then pins 7 10 are outputs Bit 3 at location 7Dh controls the upper 4 bits pins 11 14 in a like manner When bit 6 of I O location Hex 7D is a 1 LCD_RS is connected to IRQ1 allowing this port to trigger an interrupt All digital outputs on this port can source 4 mA or sink 8 mA and have logic swings between 3 3V an
10. is usually reserved for the video BIOS extension in aPC compatible system shadowing is enabled to optimize the video BIOS functions The region from E0Q00 FFFF contains the embedded BIOS code in the TS 5500 This region is shadowed to optimize BIOS code execution and to allow reprogramming of the BIOS while the BIOS is executing out of SDRAM Other regions can be shadowed as required by specific applications 21 Feedback and Updates to the Manual To help our customers make the most of our products we are continually making additional and updated resources available on the Technologic Systems web site www embeddedx86 com These include manuals application notes programming examples and updated software and firmware Check in periodically to see what s new When we are prioritizing work on these updated resources feedback from customers and prospective customers is the number one influence If you have questions comments or concerns about your TS 5500 Embedded PC please let us know Details for contacting us are listed in the front of this manual 01 10 03 TS 5500 User s Manual Technologic Systems Appendix A Board Diagram and Dimensions Available Soon Appendix B Operating Conditions Operating Temperature O0to70 C Extended temperature range is optional Operating Humidity 0 to 90 relative humidity non condensing 01 10 03 TS 5500 User s Manual Technologic Systems Appendix C System Memory Map Resour
11. option is installed a 1 in bit O indicates that it is installed a 0 that it is not 5 Serial Ports The three PC compatible asynchronous serial ports COM1 COM2 and COM3 provide a means to communicate with external serial devices such as printers modems etc Each is independently configured as a standard PC COM port that is compatible with the National Semiconductor NS16C450 Alternatively these ports can be changed to the 16C550 mode with 16 byte FIFOs in both the receive and transmit UART channels COM1 appears in the I O space at 3F8h 3FFh and uses IRQ4 COM2 is located at 2F8h 2FFh and uses IRQ3 COM3 appears in the I O space at 3E8h 3EFh By changing an internal configuration register in the Elan520 the serial clock to the COM ports can be switched to a 10 times rate 18 432 MHz This feature allows baud rates higher than 115 Kbaud such as 230K baud or 576K baud as well as non standard lower baud rates Such as 24 Kbaud See Appendix G for further information The COM1 and COM2 ports may also be configured to use a DMA channel which may be useful when very high baud rates are being used See the AMD Elan520 User s Manual for further details 01 10 03 TS 5500 User s Manual 5 1 Serial Port Configuration Registers Technologic Systems Because both serial ports are 100 PC compatible software written for the PC that accesses serial ports directly or through standard BIOS calls will work without modi
12. serial ports any additional ports beyond four will require software drivers The TS 5500 PC 104 bus has IRQ 5 6 7 or 9 available for additional serial ports Typically each serial port has a dedicated interrupt but the TS SER4 allows all four extra serial ports to share a single interrupt This is very helpful in systems with a large number of serial ports since there are a limited number of IRQ lines available 6 Digital I O There are 38 Digital Input Output DIO lines available on the TS 5500 These are available on 3 headers labeled DIO1 DIO2 and LCD In addition to the DIO signals each header also has 5 Volt power and Ground available while the DIO2 header has an external reset available on pin 12 The header labeled LCD can be used as 11 DIO lines or as an alphanumeric LCD interface See Section 7 24 of the DIO lines are arranged as three byte wide ports that can be programmed as either inputs or outputs in groups of 4 bits 8 more of the DIO lines can also be programmed as either inputs or outputs in groups of 4 bits also The remaining 6 lines have a fixed configuration of 5 inputs and 1 output Two of the DIO lines can be programmed to cause interrupts 01 10 03 TS 5500 User s Manual Technologic Systems 6 1 DIO1 Header The DIO1 port provides 5V GND and 14 digital I O lines that may 5V DIO1_7 be used to interface the TS 5500 with a wide range of external DIO1_13 DIO1 6 devices DIO lines DIO1_0 thru DIO1_7 are a by
13. 000h 05Fh Internal Elan520 peripherals Table 11 TS 5500 I O Map The I O ranges of 100h 13Fh and 200h 26Fh are excellent choices for PC 104 daughter board I O usage When designing a custom PC 104 daughter board a User Chip Select is available on PC 104 Bus pin B19 that decodes the I O range 140h 15Fh This can make for a simpler and more cost effective design Technologic Systems Resource Product Code 60h Product Code for TS 5500 Bit 0 SRAM Option Bit 1 RS 485 Option Bit 2 A D Option Bit 6 Enable RTS for RS 485 Bit 7 Enable Automatic RS 485 Bit 0 External Reset Option always Bit 1 Industrial Temp Range Option BitO LED 1 ON Bit 1 JP1 Bit 2 JP2 Bit 3 JP3 Bit 4 JP4 Bit 5 JP5 Bit 6 JP6 Bit 7 JP7 Reserved Control Register for DIO1 Bit 0 Direction of DIO1_0 DIO1_3 Bit 1 Direction of DIO1_4 DIO1_7 Bit 5 Direction of DIO1_8 DIO1_11 Bit 7 Enable DIO1_13 to drive IRQ7 DIO1_0 thru DIO1_7 Bits 0 7 DIO1_8 thru DIO1_13 Bits 0 5 Control Register for DIO2 and LCD Bit 0 Direction of DIO2_0 DIO2_3 Bit 1 Direction of DIO2_4 DIO2_7 Bit 2 Direction of LCD_0 LCD_3 Bit 3 Direction of LCD_4 LCD 7 Bit 4 Enable LCD Mode Bit 5 Direction of DIO2_8 DIO2_11 Bit 7 Enable DIO2_ 13 to drive IRQ6 DIO2_0 thru DIO2_7 Bits 0 7 DIO2_8 thru DIO2_13 Bits 0 5 Table 12 TS 5500 DIO and Control Registers 01 10 03 TS 5500 User s Manual
14. 3 8 inch form factor to be added in a self stacking bus Since the electrical specs are identical except for drive levels to a standard PC ISA bus standard peripherals such as COM ports Ethernet video LCD drivers and Flash drives may be easily added using standard drivers The TS 5500 implements a sub set of the 8 bit or optionally the 16 bit version Technologic Systems Signal Name 5V DRQ2 12V ENDXFR 12V DACK2 Table 9 Unsupported PC 104 Signals DO D1 D2 D8 D9 D16 D18 D19 Signal Name GND SBHE LA23 LA17 MEMR MEMW D8 D15 GND MEM16 1016 DACKO DRQO 5V Table 10 Supported signals on the optional 16 bit PC 104 of the PC 104 bus We have found this allows the support of the vast majority of PC 104 boards including all of the above mentioned examples IRQ3 and IRQ4 are typically used by COM2 and COM1 and are not available on the PC 104 bus If a daughter board must use either IRQ3 or IRQ4 it is possible to reconfigure the Elan520 registers and reassign IRQ lines Contact us for details Pin B19 normally not used has been reassigned to be a User Chip Select This active low signal decodes the I O address range 140h through 15Fh to allow for simple low cost daughter board designs All Technologic Systems 3000 and 5000 series products will support the User Chip Select feature Memory range C8000 CFFFF is available for custom daughter boards to map into the memory sp
15. 7 required 4V to 4V 2V to 2V OV to 4V and Unipolar Bipolar 0 Unipolar i e 0 to 5V OV to 2V 1 Bipolar i e 5 to 5V Range select 0 5V range 1 10V range Set to zero Table 2 A D registers Table 6 A D Control Register 196h Write 01 10 03 TS 5500 User s Manual Technologic Systems 7 1 Single Sample Acquisition Procedure An acquisition is initiated by writing to I O location 196h The value written to I O location 196h determines the channel to convert bits 0 2 and selects one of four input ranges bits 3 4 Bits 5 7 should be set to zero After the write cycle to I O location 196h the MAX197 completes the A D conversion in 11 S Bit 5 at I O location F860h may be polled to determine when the conversion is complete The conversion result is now available at locations 196h LSB and 197h MSB A single word read at I O 196h can also be used When using unipolar modes the result is in binary format with the upper 4 bits of the MSB equal to zero When a bipolar mode is used the result is in twos complement binary with the upper 4 bits Bits 12 15 equal to bit 11 sign extended If more details on the A D converter specifications are required the Maxim web site is listed in Appendix G Description 7 2 A D Converter BIOS Call Channel 0 Channel 1 An A D acquisition can also be obtained through BIOS call int 15h function Channel 2 BO50h By using a BIOS call your code will operate safel
16. AUD CLOCK APPENDIX G FURTHER REFERENCES APPENDIX H MANUAL REVISIONS 01 10 03 TS 5500 User s Manual Technologic Systems 1 Introduction The model TS 5500 is a compact full featured PC compatible Single Board Computer based on the AMD Elan520 processor At 133 MHZ it is approximately 10 times faster than our other 386EX based products for only a small additional cost PC compatibility allows for rapid development since you can use standard PC development tools such as Turbo C or Power Basic or Linux based tools as well If you have done work in the PC world in the past you will find you can now build applications for a very small target that does not require a keyboard video floppy disks or hard drives By adding the optional TS 9500 daughter board you can compile and debug directly on the TS 5500 with standard VGA video and keyboard interfaces Alternatively you can typically write and debug code on a host PC using standard development tools for the PC platform then simply copy it to and run it on the TS 5500 without modification If additional peripherals are required the PC 104 expansion bus allows for many standard functions available off the shelf It is also very simple to create a custom PC 104 daughter board for those special features that differentiate your product Technologic Systems can provide technical support as well as a free quotation for any custom hardware software or BIOS modifications you may require This m
17. TS 5500 User s Manual A AA 7 waa Technologic a Technologic S Y S T E MS Technologic Systems Incorporated 16610 East Laser Drive Suite 10 Fountain Hills AZ 85268 480 837 5200 FAX 837 5300 info embeddedx86 com http www embeddedx86 com This revision of the manual is dated January 10 2003 All modifications from previous versions are listed in the appendix Copyright 1998 2000 by Technologic Systems Inc All rights reserved TS 5500 User s Manual Technologic Systems Limited Warranty Technologic Systems warrants this product to be free of defects in material and workmanship for a period of one year from date of purchase During this warranty period Technologic Systems will repair or replace the defective unit in accordance with the following instructions Contact Technologic Systems and obtain a Return Material Authorization RMA number and a copy of the RMA form Fill out the RMA form completely and include it and dated proof of purchase with the defective unit being returned Clearly print the RMA number on the outside of the package This limited warranty does not cover damages resulting from lighting or other power surges misuse abuse abnormal conditions of operation or attempts to alter or modify the function of the product This warranty is limited to the repair or replacement of the defective unit In no event shall Technologic Systems be liable or responsible for any loss or damages inc
18. ace on the PC 104 bus See section 17 4 on configuring the Custom CMOS settings 01 10 03 TS 5500 User s Manual Technologic Systems 17 Loading or Transferring Files Two methods are available for transferring files between a desktop PC and your TS 5500 Compact Flash and Zmodem downloads Full descriptions of each are detailed below Other programs that use serial ports to transfer should work as well for example FastLynx 17 1 Developing with the Technologic Systems TS 9500 The TS 9500 daughter board provides full VGA video keyboard and mouse interfaces necessary to work within most environments It also has a Compact Flash card that can be used even if the TS 5500 is using a Compact Flash card as well You can transfer your development tools e g Turbo C onto the TS 9500 Compact Flash card Now you can compile debug and execute right on the TS 5500 target 17 2 Transferring files with Compact Flash The TS 5500 removable Compact Flash card can be used to easily move files from a host system We suggest using a low cost SanDisk USB compact flash card interface for your host system This is included in the TS 5500 Developer s Kit For best results we have noticed that it is best to boot the host PC with a Compact Flash card installed in the SanDisk USB Reader The Compact Flash card can then be hot swapped inserted or removed without rebooting the host PC There are two other options for connecting a Compact Flash to your ho
19. anual is fairly short This is because for the most part the TS 5500 is a standard x86 based PC compatible computer and there are hundreds of books about writing software for the PC platform The primary purpose of this manual is documenting where the TS 5500 differs from a standard PC 2 PC Compatibility PC compatibility requires much more than just an x86 processor It requires PC compatible memory and I O maps as well as a PC compatible BIOS The General Software EMBEDDED BIOS offers a high degree of compatibility with past and present BIOS standards allowing it to run off the shelf operating systems and application software The EMBEDDED BIOS has been tested with all major versions of DOS including MS DOS DR DOS and Embedded DOS 6 XL all major versions of OS 2 including MS OS 2 and IBM OS 2 MS Windows 3 1 Windows 95 Windows NT and NetWare 386 2 1 Operating Systems Technologic Systems Embedded PCs are compatible with a wide variety of x86 based operating systems A partial list OSes currently used with our boards by customers includes TNT Embedded Toolsuite Phar Lap Software UCos Il RTKernel On Time Software RTEMS On Line Applications Research Corporation DOS with WATTCP public domain TCP IP source code for DOS Linux The TS 5500 is shipped free of charge with Embedded DOS ROM by General Software The TS 5500 can be shipped upon request with Linux pre installed for a nominal fee The Linux file system and kern
20. but this can be increased to 2048 KB for custom orders These would be returned as 02h or 04h respectively CL 50h This is the hardware model number 50h 80 decimal DX Always returns TS 5453h Int 15h Function B010h LED Control This function is used to turn the board LED on and off You can also invert the LED i e if the LED is off it will be turned on and if it is on it will be turned off ENTRY AX B010h BH 00 LED off 01 LED on 81 LED invert 0 carry flag 00 01 10 03 TS 5500 User s Manual Technologic Systems Int 15h Function B042h Alphanumeric LCD Support This routine enables and disables the console on the LCD interface It supports all LCD displays sized 2 x 40 or smaller using a Hitachi HD44780 controller ENTRY AX B042h BH 00 Disable LCD 01 Enable LCD 02 Return current LCD status Set if error else clear if success carry flag 00 No Error LCD initialized OK 00 LCD currently disabled Not present 01 LCD currently enabled and running Int 15h Function B040h Matrix Keypad Support This function is used to enable and disable support for the matrix keypad When enabled the RTC periodic interrupt IRQ8 INT7Oh is enabled at 256 Hz and hooked to the keypad scanning routine Disabling the keypad reverses this process IRQ8 is turned off and INT70h is returned to the original standard BIOS function The default translation table consists of the
21. ce Starting Address hex decimal Linear Flash Chip Extended Memory RAM 9400000h 100000h BIOS Shadow RAM E0000h Elan520 Configuration Registers DF000h PC 104 Bus D2000h DiskOnChip or SRAM DO000h PC 104 Bus or SDRAM user configurable in CMOS setup see sec 17 4 C8000h PC 104 typically video BIOS coo00h ty y PC 104 typically video memory A0000h Lower Memory RAM 00000h Figure 4 TS 5500 Memory Map 01 10 03 TS 5500 User s Manual Appendix D System I O Map The following table lists the I O addresses used by the system This is all a very standard PC compatible I O map All other I O locations from 100h through 3FFh are available on the PC 104 expansion bus 1 0 Address Hex Address Resource PC 104 Bus Not recommended for use 3F8h 3FFh COM1 3F6h 3F7h Primary IDE Compact Flash 3E8h 3EFh Reserved for COM3 3B4h 3DFh Video TS 9500 376h 377h Secondary IDE TS 9500 2F8h 2FFh COM2 2E8h 2EFh Reserved for COM4 278h 27Ah Reserved for LPT 1 1FOh 1F7h Primary IDE Compact Flash 198h 19Fh Registers on TS 9500 196h 197h Reserved for A D Converter 170h 177h Secondary IDE TS 9500 140h 15Fh User Chip Select PC 104 Bus 080h OFFh Internal Elan520 peripherals 400h FFFFh 074h 07Fh DIO and Control registers 072h 073h LCD port 070h 071h RTC and CMOS memory 060h 064h Keyboard Controller TS 9500
22. d ground The digital inputs have standard TTL level thresholds and must not be driven below 0 Volts or above 5 0 Volts DIO lines DIO1_0 thru DIO1_7 have 4 7K pull up resistors to 5V biasing these signals to a logic 1 6 4 DIO on the PC 104 bus The state of pin A1 on the PC 104 bus can be read at bit 2 of I O location Hex 79 This same pin can be enabled to drive IRQ1 by writing a 1 to bit 1 at I O location Hex 79 The TS 9500 daughter board uses this pin to request service for the keyboard controller via IRQ1 7 A D Converter The TS 5500 supports an optional eight channel 12 bit A D converter ADC capable of 60 000 VO Address Action samples per second Each channel is 196h Write Initiate A D Conversion independently software programmable for a 196h Read LSB of Conversion variety of analog input ranges 10V to 10V 5V 197h Read MSB of Conversion to 5V OV to 10V or OV to 5V This allows an 75h Read Bit 2 1 if A D option installed effective dynamic range of 14 bits Each channel 195h Read Bit 0 0 when Conversion is overvoltage tolerant from 16V to 16V anda completed fault condition on any channel will not affect the conversion result of the selected channel This is all accomplished with a 5V only power supply no negative supply voltage is required The Maxim 3 _ MAX197 chip can be replaced with a MAX199 Description Details chip if a lower range of analog input levels is Analog channel select Channels 0
23. d 32 bit cards using full 32 bit PCI cycles for maximum performance The PCMCIA Bridge uses IRQ10 to monitor card plug events and IRQ7 is used for the PC Card interrupt 11 2 Software Linux support only Card Services for Linux is a complete PCMCIA support package It includes a set of loadable kernel modules that implement a version of the PCMCIA 2 1 Card Services applications program interface a set of client drivers for specific cards and a card manager daemon that can respond to card insertion and removal events loading and unloading drivers on demand It supports hot swapping of PCMCIA cards so cards can be inserted and ejected at any time The current package supports many ethernet cards modems and serial cards several SCSI adapters most ATA IDE devices and some SRAM and FLASH memory cards All the common PCMCIA controllers are supported so it should run just about all Linux capable devices The PCMCIA CS drivers are a standard install with the following changes to etc pcmcia config opts REMOVED include port 0x0100 0x04ff exclude irq7 ADDED exclude irq3 exclude irq4 exclude irq5 These changes will avoid trying to allocate the x100 x4ff region which is unavailable to PCI devices in the TS 5500 And will force the use of IRQ7 for the PCMCIA device which the PCMCIA Bridge chip has been programmed for in the BIOS during power up See etc pcmcia directory and the documentation on the sourceforge project page
24. d DB9 male connector are listed above The RTS signal also drives the DTR pin on COM ports DTR is always the same state as RTS 5 3 RS 485 Support An option is available to add support to COM3 for half duplex or full duplex RS 485 RS 485 drivers allow communications between multiple nodes up to 4000 feet 1200 meters via twisted pair cable Half duplex RS 485 requires one twisted pair plus a Ground connection while full duplex requires two twisted pair plus a Ground For half duplex operation a single twisted pair is used for transmitting and receiving Bit 6 at I O location 77h must be set to enable RTS mode or bit 7 can be set to enable Automatic mode In RTS mode the serial port RTS signal controls the RS 485 transmitter receiver See Automatic mode below When RTS is asserted true the RS 485 transmitter is enabled and the receiver disabled When RTS is de asserted the transmitter is tri stated disabled and the receiver is enabled Since the transmitter and receiver are never both enabled the serial port UART does not receive the data transmitted For full duplex operation two twisted pairs are used and the transmitter can typically be left on all the time Simply use RTS mode and set RTS true See Figure 2 above for connector pin outs RS 485 Quick start procedure The RS 485 option must be installed Install FD jumper for full duplex or HD for half duplex RS 485 operation Attach the RS 485 cable to the 9 pin Sub D co
25. d with console redirection only if the keypad is not used as stdin but read from as a hardware device This is useful if one wishes to use console redirection or to use a keyboard as stdin See section 16 for an explanation of console I O and redirection See the Technologic Systems download page for example code http Awww embeddedx86 com downloads keypad zip When using a matrix keypad the DIO2 signals DIO2_0 through DIO2_7 are not available as general I O 01 10 03 TS 5500 User s Manual Technologic Systems 10 The 10 100 Base T Ethernet Port The TS 5500 has two full function IEEE 802 3 10 100 Mbit sec Ethernet ports provided by Davicom DM9102A Ethernet controllers The DM9102A is a single chip 32 bit PCI Ethernet controller that includes such features as full duplex operation power saving shutdown modes LED indicators for link status activity and auto sense network speed detection The physical interface is 10 100Base T RJ45 connector The TS 5500 has both a LINK ACTIVITY LED and a 10 100 speed LED built into each RJ 45 connector that indicates the current Ethernet status The LINK LED left side of connector green is active when a valid Ethernet link is detected This LED should be ON whenever the TS 5500 is powered on and properly connected to a 10 100BaseT Ethernet network The LINK ACTIVITY LED will blink to indicate network activity either inbound or outbound The SPEED LED right side of connector amber will be on when
26. e port accessed at I O location Hex 7E while the 5 other DIO lines Reset DIO2 5 DIO2_8 thru DIO2_11 and DIO2_13 are accessed in bits 0 4 and DIO2 11 DIO2 4 bit6 respectively at I O location Hex 7F I O location Hex 7D is a DIO2 10 DIO2 3 control port for DIO2 The direction of DIO lines DIO2_0 thru DIO2 9 DIO2 2 DIO2_3 is controlled by bit 0 of I O location Hex 7D and the DIO2 8 DIO2 1 direction of DIO2_4 thru DIO2_7 is controlled by bit 1 of I O GND DIO2 0 location Hex 7D The direction of DIO2_8 thru DIO2_11 is Figure 4 DIO2 Header Pinout controlled by bit 5 of I O location Hex 7D while DIO2_13 is always an input In all cases when a control bit is a 1 it is setting the corresponding DIO lines to be Outputs while a O sets them to be Inputs All control bits at I O location Hex 7D are initialized at reset to be 0 When bit 7 of I O location Hex 7D is a 1 DIO2_13 is connected to IRQ6 allowing this port to trigger an interrupt 5V DIO2_7 DIO2 13 DIO2 6 All digital outputs on this port can source 4 mA or sink 8 mA and have logic swings between 3 3V and ground The digital inputs have standard TTL level thresholds and must not be driven below 0 Volts or above 5 0 Volts DIO lines DIO1_0 thru DIO1_7 have 4 7K pull up resistors to 5V biasing these signals to a logic 1 01 10 03 TS 5500 User s Manual Technologic Systems 6 3 Using LCD Port as Digital I O The LCD Port
27. econds desired This may be as short as 0 5 mS or may be as high as 32 seconds After the WDT has been enabled the 32 bit watchdog counter starts counting Table 4 Watchdog Timer Timeout Values from zero The application software can reset this counter at any time by writing a clear count key sequence to the WDTMRCTL If this counter reaches the timeout period then an interrupt is Bit Position Function generated or a system reset occurs Timeout Value 1 second 2 seconds 32 seconds Bit 15 1 Enable WDT If programmed to cause an interrupt the WDT must 1 Generate Reset at Timeout be fed within the next timeout period or else a Bit 14 system reset occurs as an additional failsafe 0 Generate Interrupt at Timeout feature ai KStaWays EA In order to load the WDTMRCTL register a specific 1 WDT Interrupt has occurred sequence of three word writes is required A 3333h Interrupt routine must clear this bit followed by CCCCh followed by the value to be loaded into the WOTMRCTL register must be written to the WDTMRCTL register In order to clear the WDT counter feeding the Table 5 WDTMRCTL Register watchdog a clear count key sequence must be written to the WDTMRCTL register This is a specific two word write sequence with a write of M AAAAh followed by a write of 5555h Writing this emory Register ddress clear count key sequence has no effect on the contents of the WDTMRCTL register T
28. el is also freely available on the web should you wish to install it yourself Typically the Linux OS requires a 16MB or larger Compact Flash or an M System s DiskOnChip 01 10 03 TS 5500 User s Manual Technologic Systems 3 Power The TS 5500 requires regulated 5VDC at 800 mA typical A quick release screw down terminal block for the 5V power and power GND connections is provided for easy connection to an external power supply When power is first supplied to the TS 5500 the board mounted LED is immediately turned on under hardware control Once the processor begins execution the LED is turned off The LED then turns on then off to provide a characteristic blink during execution of POST If the LED does not turn on at all the most likely problem is the power supply Check that the 5V and GND connections are not reversed A diode protects the board against damage in such a situation but it will not run Please note that supply voltages over 6 VDC may damage the TS 5500 Be sure to use a regulated 5 VDC power supply 4 Memory 4 1 SDRAM The TS 5500 has a total of 16 Megabytes MB of high speed SDRAM providing 640 Kilobytes KB of base memory 15 MB of extended memory and 128 KB of shadow RAM for the BIOS This is identical to a standard PC memory map The TS 5500 can be ordered with 32MB or 64MB of SDRAM but it is not field upgradeable The TS 5500 SDRAM chips are soldered directly to the board By not using a SIMM socket
29. example the Turbo C debugger can be used on the target board using the TS 9500 video and keyboard interfaces Any other standard PC software debugger of your choice should work just as well 01 10 03 TS 5500 User s Manual Technologic Systems 19 Video Keyboard and Console Redirection The TS 5500 has no video controller or keyboard interface This was done to keep the board size small and the cost low For applications that require it a PC 104 video board can be added to the system easily Technologic Systems recommends the TS 9500 a PC 104 daughter board with video keyboard mouse and compact flash This is extremely useful in speeding up the development phase and shortening the time to market With the TS 9500 installed developers can develop right on the target board with any compiler or debugger of their choice such as the Turbo C compiler or debugger Without a video board in the system the TS 5500 can redirect all console activity to the COM2 serial port Simply connect an ANSI terminal or emulator to COM2 with a null modem cable using serial parameters of 9600 baud 8 data bits no parity 1 stop bit and make sure jumper JP2 is installed JP4 will change the console to 115 2K Baud All text information that would normally be displayed on a video screen is now displayed in your terminal window and any serial data sent to the TS 5500 is seen as standard keyboard input by programs Please note that the console redirection sup
30. fication on the TS 5500 The details of the COM port internal registers are available in most PC documentation books or the data sheet for the National Semiconductor NS16C550 may be consulted 5 2 Serial Port Hardware 5V Power GND NC 9 4 DTR RTS out CTS 8 3 TXdata out RTS RX data in Figure 1 COM1 Serial Port Header and DB9 Pin out signal direction is in brackets PLEASE NOTE The serial port headers use a non standard numbering scheme This was done so the header pins would have the same numbering as the corre sponding DB 9 pin i e pin 8 CTS on the header connects to pin 8 on the DB 9 out in Figure 2 COM2 and cous 9 pin Sub D Pin out signal direction is in brackets PLEASE NOTE COM3 has connections for the RS 232 port and the RS 485 port on the same 9 pin connector only one of the two functions will be used at a time Each RS 232 serial port has 4 lines buffered the Rx and Tx data lines and the CTS RTS handshake pair This is quite sufficient to interface with the vast majority of serial devices If additional handshake lines are required it will be necessary to add a TS SER daughter board The TS 5500 serial signals are routed to 10 pin header labeled COM1 and a standard 9 pin Sub D male labeled COM2 and COM3 A serial adapter cable can be plugged into the COM1 header to convert this into a standard DB9 male connector The pin outs for the 10 pin header an
31. following 0 9 A D and returns the scan code for Carriage Return A custom translation table is 16 words long where each word is a scan code ASCII pair for a key Information on scan codes can be found in books on IBM PC hardware Example programs are included on the utility disk See Section 9 for further details ENTRY AX B040h BH 00 Disable matrix keypad Enable matrix keypad Enable matrix keypad with a custom translation table CX Translation table segment if BH 11 DX Translation table offset if BH 11 CY 0 carry flag AH 00 Int 15h Function Ath Console I O Redirection This function specifies the device that will be used by the BIOS to direct console input INT 16h and console output INT 10h If the LCD or Matrix keypad is to be used as the console you must also call the LCD and or Matrix keypad BIOS function to enable them ENTRY AX Ath Console is directed to Standard I O VGA keyboard or LCD Matrix Console is redirected to COM1 Console is redirected to COM2 Console is redirected to COM3 Console is redirected to COM4 CY 0 if success set if failure carry flag AH 00 if no error 86h if no supported by BIOS 33 01 10 03 TS 5500 User s Manual Technologic Systems Int 15h Function B050h A D Converter Control Function BOSOh provides a simple interface for performing a single A D conversion In case of hardware failure or the ADC option is not
32. freeware 10 4 DOS TCP IP configuration MS Client for DOS The Davicom Ethernet adapter has the MS Client for DOS driver available This has been tested and found to work on Windows workgroups as well as Samba workgroups Check the Technologic Systems web page for driver downloads www embeddedx86 com Email support embeddedx86 com with questions 01 10 03 TS 5500 User s Manual Technologic Systems 11 PCMCIA Bridge 11 1 Hardware The TS 5500 uses a Texas Instruments PCI1510 single slot CardBus controller designed to meet the PCI Interface Specification for PCI to CardBus Bridges The PCl to CardBus controller supports a single PC card socket compliant with the PC Card Standard rev 7 2 The PC Card Standard retains the 16 bit PC Card specification defined in the PCI Local Bus Specification and defines the 32 bit PC Card CardBus capable of full 32 bit data transfers at 33 MHz The TS 5500 supports both 16 bit and CardBus PC Cards powered at 5 V or 3 3 V as required The PCI1510 is compliant with the PCI Local Bus Specification and its PCI interface can act as either a PCI master device or a PCI slave device The PCI bus mastering is initiated during CardBus PC Card bridging transactions All card signals are internally buffered to allow hot insertion and removal The PCI1510 is register compatible with the Intel 82365SL DF and 82365SL ExCA controllers The PCI1510 internal data path logic allows the host to access 8 16 an
33. guration File tit ETWORKING yes ATEWAY 192 168 0 1 Gateway for internet access 7 DEV etho Gateway device to use ostname miniepc embeddedx86 com Host name for this computer BOOTPROTO no EFRAG IPV4 no FORWARD _ IPV4 no The TCP IP name resolution server is configured in the file etc resolv conf here is a listing Nameserver 192 168 0 1 Name server for domain name lookups To access the web server open a web browser and enter 192 168 0 50 as the address This should display the sample web page which demonstrates some of the functionality of Apache with PHP Use the ifconfig command at the bash prompt to display the status of the Ethernet ports See the Technologic Systems Linux support page http Awww embeddedx86 com support linuxhelp php 14 01 10 03 TS 5500 User s Manual Technologic Systems 10 2 DOS TCP IP configuration Packet Driver and WATTCP A standard packet driver for DOS is installed on the board as shipped along with sample network applications written with the public domain Waterloo TCP IP software WATTCP WATTCP is a freely available package including source code that provides TCP IP connectivity for programs written for the DOS environment See the Technologic Systems download page http www embeddedx86 com downloads wat2001t zip In addition we have written a simple DOS HTTP web server using WATTCP that is included on the TS 5500 utilit
34. he transmission line pair should have termination resistors A read at I O location 75h bit 1 will return a 1 when the RS 485 option is installed Table 1 COM3 Receiver Source 5 4 Automatic RS 485 TX Enable TS 5500 boards support fully automatic TX enable control This simplifies the design of half duplex systems since turning off the transmitter via the RTS signal is typically difficult to implement The COM3 UART transmit holding register and the transmit shift register both must be polled until empty before deasserting RTS when using the RTS mode The design gets more difficult when using the TX FIFO or when using a multi tasking OS such as Linux In Automatic mode Timer2 and a Xilinx PLD keep track of the bits shifting out the COM3 UART This circuit automatically turns on off the RS 485 transceiver at the correct times This only requires the TIMER2 to be initialized once based on baud rate and data format and bit 7 at I O location 75 must be set A utility called AUTO485 exe is included in the AUTOEXEC bat that simplifies this task 5 5 Adding Serial Ports If your project requires more than two serial ports additional ports may be added via the PC 104 expansion bus Technologic Systems offers three different daughter boards TS SER1 TS SER2 and TS SER4 that add 1 2 or 4 extra COM ports respectively Typically these would be configured as COM4 or be assigned other higher COM I O locations Because DOS only directly supports four
35. high signal raised whenever the Table 3 LCD Header Signals LCD addresses are being read or written DO D7 are bi directional buffered copies of the data bus and carry all data and commands to the LCD Table 3 is not the standard pin outs given for LCD displays But this pin out allows a standard ribbon cable to be used when the ribbon cable is attached to the backside of the LCD Example LCD code is available at http Awww embeddedx86 com downloads util zip 9 Matrix Keypad Support The DIO2 port signals DIO2_0 through DIO2_7 may be configured to support a 4 x 4 matrix keypad When enabled BIOS firmware performs all the work making the matrix keypad appear as a simple 16 key keyboard to software This allows the use of standard keyboard access routines The default set of keys translated by the BIOS consists of 0 9 A D and The key is returned as an ASCII Carriage Return character Hex 0D Because the user is writing the software this set of keys is usually sufficient However a custom translation table can be loaded allowing the use of function keys arrow keys or any other key on the keyboard Matrix keypad support is enabled or disabled using INT15h Function B040h see Appendix F Once enabled standard keyboard BIOS functions are enabled Note that console redirection and the matrix keypad support are mutually exclusive console redirection must be disabled to use the keypad A matrix keypad can be use
36. in the final product that must be very secure 4 3 Compact Flash cards and DiskOnChip modules If 2MB of Flash is insufficient for your application additional non volatile storage can be added with a Compact Flash card or an M Systems DiskOnChip module Either of these products can supply additional storage that will behave much as a hard drive does in a typical PC with sizes ranging from 8MB to 512MB These products are inherently more rugged than a hard drive since they are completely solid state with no moving parts The Compact Flash card has the added advantage of being removable media A SanDisk USB Compact Flash reader writer which is included in the TS 5500 Developer s Kit is recommended for the 6 01 10 03 TS 5500 User s Manual Technologic Systems host PC for file transfers This results in the ability to quickly move files from a host PC to the TS 5500 using a Compact Flash card as the removable media Since the Compact Flash card appears as a standard IDE drive on the TS 5500 it uses no additional RAM for drivers While a USB Compact Flash reader allows for hot swapping of the Compact Flash card on the host PC the Compact Flash interface on the TS 5500 is not hot swappable the TS 5500 must be rebooted after removing or installing a Compact Flash card The DiskOnChip module can be installed into the 32 pin socket near the center of the board DiskOnChip modules are available from Technologic Systems as well as other distribu
37. ive B 5300 Flash B NumLock Disabled Seek at Boot None Drive Ide 0 Pri Master Show Hit Del Enabled Drive BOOT ORDER Config Box Enabled Drive Boot lst Drive C Fl Error Wait Enabled Drive Boot 2nd Drive A Parity Checking Unused Drive Boot 3rd DOS ROM Memory Test Tick Enabled Drive Boot 4th None Test Above 1 MB Enabled Drive Boot 5th None Debug Breakpoints Enabled Drive Boot 6th None Splash Screen Unused Drive K H Boot Method Boot Sector IDE DRIVE GEOMETRY Sect Hds Cyls Memory H t Ide 0 2 AUTOCONFIG PHYSICAL Base FLOPPY DRIVE TYPES Ide 1 Not installed 640KB GQHUEOATAHUAWP CVT EERE oe of Floppy 0 Not installed Ide 2 Not installed Ext Floppy 1 Not installed Ide 3 Not installed 31MB E X lt Tab gt to select or to modify lt Esc gt to return to main menu The factory defaults shown will first attempt to boot from Compact Flash as Drive C If no CF is installed the BIOS will then boot from Drive A If a CF is installed but it is not desired to boot from this drive change the Boot 1 setting to Drive A In order for the Compact Flash to function properly as an IDE hard drive the IDE DRIVE GEOMETRY must be set to AUTOCONFIG PHYSICAL and the DRIVE ASSIGNMENT ORDER must be set to Ide 0 Pri Master or Ide 2 Sec Master In this e
38. l time clock It is a completely self contained module that includes a Motorola 146818 compatible clock chip the 32 768 kHz crystal the lithium battery and 114 bytes of battery backed CMOS RAM It is guaranteed to maintain clock operation for a minimum of 10 years in the absence of power It is located at the standard PC I O addresses of Hex 070 and 071 The top 48 bytes index 50h through 7Fh are not used by the BIOS and are available for user applications The RTC is capable of generating a square wave output function with a period of 500 mSec to 122 uSec The square wave output pin is connected to IRQ8 on the processor and can be used to generate periodic interrupts The keypad example code uses this function to generate interrupts at a 256 Hz rate http Awww embeddedx86 com downloads keypad zip 01 10 03 TS 5500 User s Manual Technologic Systems 14 Watchdog Timer The AMD Elan520 contains a 32 bit watchdog timer WDT unit that can be used to prevent a system hanging due to a software failure The WDT can be programmed to cause an interrupt or a full 0 5 milliseconds system reset when the WDT times out allowing a 0 5 seconds guaranteed recovery time from a software error To prevent a WDT timeout the application must periodically feed the WDT by writing a clear count key sequence to the Watchdog Timer Control 4 seconds WDTMRCTL register 8 seconds The WDT must be initialized with the timeout period 16 s
39. luding but not limited to any lost profits incidental or consequential damages loss of business or anticipatory profits arising from the use or inability to use this product Repairs made after the expiration of the warranty period are subject to a flat rate repair charge and the cost of return shipping Please contact Technologic Systems to arrange for any repair service 01 10 03 TS 5500 User s Manual Technologic Systems Table Of Contents 1 2 2 1 MEMORY 4 1 SDRAM 4 2 Flash 4 3 Compact Flash cards and DiskOnChip modules 4 4 Using the SanDisk USB Compact Flash Card Reader 4 5 Battery Backed SRAM SERIAL PORTS 5 1 Serial Port Configuration Registers 5 2 Serial Port Hardware 5 3 RS 485 Support 5 4 Automatic RS 485 TX Enable 5 5 Adding Serial Ports DIGITAL I O 6 1 DIO1 Header 6 2 DIO2 Header 6 3 Using LCD Port as Digital I O 6 4 DIO on the PC 104 bus A D CONVERTER 7 1 Single Sample Acquisition Procedure 7 2 A D Converter BIOS Call 8 LCD INTERFACE 9 MATRIX KEYPAD SUPPORT 10 THE 10 100 BASE T ETHERNET PORT 10 1 LINUX TCP IP configuration 10 2 DOS TCP IP configuration Packet Driver and WATTCP 10 3 WATTCP CFG configuration file 10 4 DOS TCP IP configuration MS Client for DOS 11 PCMCIA BRIDGE 11 1 Hardware 11 2 Software Linux support only 11 3 Supported Devices 12 USB BRIDGE 12 1 Hardware 12 2 Software Linux Support Only 12 3 Supported Devices Here is a list of devices tested at Technologic Systems and known t
40. nected in parallel with the external reset pin on the DIO connector Pressing this button with cause a hardware reset The system will perform a cold boot 01 10 03 TS 5500 User s Manual 16 PC 104 Bus Expansion The PC 104 is a compact implementation of the PC AT ISA bus ideal for embedded applications Designers benefit from using an already A1 A2 A9 A10 A11 A12 A31 A32 B1 B2 B3 B4 Signal Name DIO_A1 t D7 through DO IOCHRDY AEN A19 through AO GND GND RESETDRV 5V IRQ9 SMEMW SMEMR IOW IOR Reserved t Reserved t DACK1 DRQ1 User Chip Select t SYSCLK 8 25 MHz IRQ7 IRQ6 IRQ5 5V OSC 14 3 MHz GND GND Table 8 Supported PC 104 Signals on the 8 bit Bus T these signals have a non standard usage developed standard rather than creating their own Further the presence of a compact form factor PC compatible standard has encouraged the development of a broad array of off the shelf products allowing a very quick time to market for new products The electrical specification for the PC 104 expansion bus is identical to the PC ISA bus The mechanical specification allows for the very compact implementation of the ISA bus tailor made for embedded systems The full PC 104 specification is available from the IEEE Standards Office under IEEE P996 1 see Appendix E for further information Basically this bus allows multiple daughter boards in a 3 6 inch by
41. nnector Set the COM3 UART serial parameters baud rate data parity and stop bits interrupts etc Run Auto485 exe utility configures bits 6 and 7 at I O 75h and initializes Timer2 For Half Duplex RTS mode To transmit data assert RTS and write the data to the UART To receive data deassert RTS and read the data from the UART For Half Duplex Automatic mode just read or write data to the UART 01 10 03 TS 5500 User s Manual Technologic Systems Note the correct jumper FD or HD must be installed See the Table 2 for details Fail safe bias resistors are used to bias the TX TX and RX Jumper Receiver Source RX lines to the correct state when these lines are not being actively driven This is an important consideration since in a Full Duplex RS 485 typical RS 485 installation the drivers are frequently tri stated Half Duplex RS 485 If fail safe bias resistors are not present the 485 bus may be floating and very small amounts of noise can cause spurious RS 232 characters at the receivers 4 7K resistors are used to pull the TX and RX signals to 5V and also to bias the TX and RX signals to ground Termination resistors may be required for reliable operation when running long distances at high baud rates Termination resistors should only be installed at each end of an RS 485 transmission line In a multi drop application where there are several drivers and or receivers attached only the devices at each end of t
42. nter debugger see section 15 Start RS232 Manufacturing Link Enter manufacturing mode to link with host PC Format Integrated Flash Disk Low level format of flash drives A and B Reset CMOS to last known values Resets changes since last boot Reset CMOS to factory defaults Reset to settings as shipped from Technologic Systems Write to CMOS and Exit Save all changes made and reboot System Bios Setup Utility v4 3 C 2000 General Software Inc All rights reserved gt Basic CMOS Configuration Custom Configuration Shadow Configuration Start System BIOS Debugger Start RS232 Manufacturing Link Format Integrated Flash Disk Reset CMOS to last known values Reset CMOS to factory defaults Write to CMOS and Exit Exit without changing CMOS Esc gt to continue no save www gensw com 25 01 10 03 TS 5500 User s Manual Technologic Systems 20 2 Basic CMOS Configuration The Basic CMOS Configuration screen allows setup of the Compact Flash or IDE drives Drive Assignment mapping and Boot Order as well as Time Date and misc keyboard and memory test settings The default settings for the TS 5500 are show below System Bios Setup Basic CMOS Configuration C 2000 General Software Inc All rights reserved DRIVE ASSIGNMENT ORDER Date gt Dec 14 2001 Typematic Delay 250 ms Drive A 5300 Flash A Time 09 56 21 Typematic Rate x 3 0 lt ep s Dr
43. o work with the TS 5500 many other USB devices will work with the TS 5500 see the kernel drivers and the Linux USB web sites for more information 0 0 0 cc cece esseseseseseseesenencacscsceeececesesesssesesesesneneneasecsceeeeeeeteeeseeaeees 18 REAL TIME CLOCK WATCHDOG TIMER LED JUMPERS AND RESET BUTTON PC 104 BUS EXPANSION LOADING OR TRANSFERRING FILES 17 1 Developing with the Technologic Systems TS 9500 17 2 Transferring files with Compact Flash 17 3 Zmodem Downloads 18 DEBUGGING 18 1 Integrated BIOS Debugger 18 2 Using other debuggers 01 10 03 TS 5500 User s Manual Technologic Systems 19 VIDEO KEYBOARD AND CONSOLE REDIRECTION 20 SYSTEM BIOS SETUP SCREENS 20 1 Main CMOS Configuration Screen 20 2 Basic CMOS Configuration 20 3 Adding a TS 9400 or TS 9500 with Compact Flash 20 4 Custom CMOS Configuration 20 5 Shadow Configuration 21 FEEDBACK AND UPDATES TO THE MANUAL APPENDIX A BOARD DIAGRAM AND DIMENSIONS APPENDIX B OPERATING CONDITIONS APPENDIX C SYSTEM MEMORY MAP APPENDIX D SYSTEM I O MAP APPENDIX E BIOS INTERRUPT FUNCTIONS Int 15h Function BOOOh Technologic Systems BIOS information Int 15h Function BO10h LED Control Int 15h Function B042h Alphanumeric LCD Support Int 15h Function BO40h Matrix Keypad Support Int 15h Function A1h Console I O Redirection Int 15h Function BO50h A D Converter Control Int 15h Function BO20h Jumper Pin Status APPENDIX F USING A HIGHER RATE 10X B
44. omatically detected and configured in the BIOS Configuration menu Enable Serial Console Default to COM2 unless JP6 installed Write Enable Drive A Remove this jumper to write protect flash drive A Fast Console Console is set to 115K baud defaults to 9600 baud User Jumper Read using BIOS call or directly in I O space See appendix D amp E Console on COM1 requires JP2 installed to enable console Table 7 Jumper Listing The TS 5500 has an LED available for user software The user LED may be used for diagnostics status messages and simple output This signal is also available as a digital output on the DIO2 port When power is first supplied to the TS 5500 the user LED is immediately turned on under hardware control Once the processor begins execution the LED is turned off then flashed on and off again briefly After boot this LED can be used for user applications The state of the LED is complemented by any activity to the Compact Flash card accesses to the CF causes the LED to flicker If the user LED does not turn on at all when power is applied the most likely problem is the power supply Check that the 5V and GND connections are not reversed A diode protects the board against damage in such a situation It is preferred to use BIOS interrupt functions to interface software with the user LED and option jumpers Please see Appendix F for further details and the utility disk for example code The reset button is con
45. or Matrix keypad is enabled the console must be directed to standard I O If a TS 9500 is present with video keyboard enabled the standard output will be directed to video even if the LCD is enabled if the Matrix keypad is enabled the PC keyboard and the Matrix keypad will work at the same time 01 10 03 TS 5500 User s Manual Technologic Systems 20 System BIOS Setup Screens 20 1 Main CMOS Configuration Screen The BIOS setup screen allows the user to configure the BIOS settings which are then stored in battery backed CMOS memory in the Real Time Clock The BIOS setup screen also allows entry into the system debugger manufacturing mode and formatting of the integrated flash disks To enter the BIOS Setup screen hit Ctrl C during the memory test If you have a TS 9500 installed with video keyboard enabled hit the Delete key during the memory test When navigating the BIOS setup screen with the console on COM2 the arrow keys do not work Use the Ctrl X Ctrl E and Tab keys to navigate use the Space bar and keys to change fields Use ESC to back out of a menu NOTE Jumper JP1 will force a reset of the CMOS memory on every boot any changes will be lost Basic CMOS Configuration Setup disk drives drive mapping boot order misc Custom Configuration Setup custom features for Technologic Systems boards Shadow Configuration Setup ROM BIOS shadowing in RAM Start System BIOS Debugger E
46. port is limited by the fact that there is no actual video or keyboard hardware on the TS 5500 Programs must use the standard BIOS routines for display and keyboard input which are rerouted to the serial port Any program that accesses the video or keyboard hardware directly will not work Keyboard redirection is limited simply because most of the extended keys on the keyboard function keys and Alt key in particular are not sent by the terminal emulator For these reasons the console redirection feature is meant more for system development testing and field repair rather than as the primary user interface for a finished product If your application uses COM2 removing the jumper JP2 easily disables console redirection If you wish to use a different serial port and or baud rate for the console the CONSOLE EXE utility allows these modifications to be made Please see the appropriate application notes for further details available on the utility disk or from the Technologic Systems web site http Awww embeddedx86 com downloads AP 100 pdf If a video board is installed on the PC 104 bus the video BIOS on the graphics card will automatically replace the standard video routines INT10h disabling both the LCD display and the console redirection to COM2 regardless of the state of jumper JP2 If a video board is present all console input is disabled and the TS 5500 will only accept input from a standard PC keyboard If LCD and
47. present a time out returns an error code within approximately 50 S ENTRY AX B050h BL Value to write into A D Control register See Table 6 EXIT CY 0 no error AH No Error bad subfunction bad input registers i e if BL bit 5 set ADC option not present I O 7Dh bit 0 0 Hardware error A D timeout A D Conversion value The ADC automatically sign extends the result to the full 16 bits in bipolar mode and masks the upper 4 bits in unipolar mode Int 15h Function B020h Jumper Pin Status This function returns the status of the option jumpers in register BX according to the list below ENTRY AX B020h EXIT CY 0 carry flag AX 0 BX Jumper Pin Status If Bit X 1 the jumper is installed BX Bit Jumper Description Auto CMOS configuration Console redirection Write enable flash A Console set to 115K baud User definable Write enable flash B Table 13 Int15h Function BO20h register BX return values 01 10 03 TS 5500 User s Manual Technologic Systems Appendix F Using a Higher Rate 10x Baud Clock The COM1 and COM2 serial port baud rate generator clock can be independently switched between either the standard 1 8432 MHz clock or a ten times rate of 18 432 MHz clock Changing to the 10x rate allows baud rates higher than 115 2 kbaud such as 230 4 kbaud or 1152 kbaud as well as non standard lower baud rates such as 24 kbaud The baud rate clock for each COM port is controlled by bit
48. se of older PC 104 daughter cards setting this entry to Slow may be desired This setting defaults to Normal which has been tested and found to work with the vast majority of boards PNP IO Port 0xA79 This setting allows the Plug N Play configuration address to be mapped to the PC 104 bus The I O space above 0x400 is mapped to the PCI bus by default If a Plug N Play device is connected to the PC 104 bus change this setting to GP Bus AMD Elan SC520 Users Manual may be found at http Awww embeddedx86 com downloads 520_user pdf 27 01 10 03 TS 5500 User s Manual Technologic Systems 20 5 Shadow Configuration System BIOS Setup Shadow Cache Configura C 2000 General Software Inc All rights res Shadowing gt Chipset Shadow 16KB ROM Enabled Shadow 16KB C400 Enabled Shadow 16KB ROM Disabled Shadow 16KB CC0OO Disabled Shadow 16KB ROM Disabled Shadow 16KB D400 Disabled Shadow 16KB ROM Disabled Shadow 16KB DCOO0 Disabled Shadow 16KB ROM E Enabled Shadow 16KB E400 Enabled Shadow 16KB ROM E Enabled Shadow 16KB ECOO Enabled Shadow 64KB ROM Enabled E X lt Tab gt to select or to modify lt Esc gt to return to main menu The Shadow Configuration menu allows BIOS extension ROMs to be copied to SDRAM in upper memory regions to reduce access times Execution directly from ROM is significantly slower than executing from SDRAM The region from C000 C7FF
49. st computer A Compact Flash to PCMCIA adapter which can map a Compact Flash as a hard drive on your laptop host computer Or a Compact Flash to IDE adapter which connects to the 40 pin IDE interface on you host computer The IDE adapter will allow you can boot to CF run fdisk format etc 17 3 Zmodem Downloads Using the Zmodem protocol to send files to and from the TS 5500 is simple and straightforward The only requirement is a terminal emulation program that supports Zmodem and virtually all do If you are using Windows 95 or later for your development work the HyperTerminal accessory works well To download a file to the TS 5500 from your host PC execute DL BAT at the DOS command line on the TS 5500 while using console redirection from within your terminal emulator and begin the transfer with your terminal emulator In HyperTerminal this is Send File from the Transfer menu To upload a file from the TS 5500 to your host PC execute UL BAT lt FILENAME gt at the DOS command line on the TS 5500 and start the transfer in your terminal emulator Many emulators HyperTerminal among them will automatically begin the transfer themselves Occasionally there may be errors in transmission due to background solid state disk operations This is not a problem Zmodem uses very accurate CRC checks to detect errors and simply resends bad data Once the file transfer is complete the file is completely error free For best results
50. t can be a real lifesaver when you need interactive direct access to hardware The BIOS debugger can be entered by any of several methods The debugger hooks the CPU exception vectors in case a divide by zero occurs an invalid opcode is executed or an INT 3 instruction is executed for example By placing an INT 3 instruction in your application code the debugger will automatically be invoked To resume type the G command to GO or continue on with the rest of initialization From DOS ROM by typing INT3 at the command prompt If the full command com interpreter is running this is an internal command If only mini command com is running this will execute a small utility that simply contains an INT 3 instruction From the BIOS Setup main menu started by typing ctrl C during the BIOS POST the ENTER SYSTEM BIOS DEBUGGER selection will enter the debugger After use typing the G go command will return to the SETUP screens As a boot action as a last ditch effort if the operating system cannot be booted from the appropriate drives or out of ROM A complete discussion of debugger commands is available in the Integrated BIOS Debugger Reference Manual included on the TS 5500 Utility Disk and also available from the Technologic Systems web site Entering will list all available commands and a g go will return execution to the point where the debugger was called 18 2 Using other debuggers For
51. te wide port DIO1_12 DIO1_ 5 accessed at I O location Hex 7B while the 6 other DIO lines DIO1_11 DIO1_4 DIO1_8 thru DIO1_ 13 are accessed in the lower 6 bits of I O DIO1_10 DIO1_3 location Hex 7C I O location Hex 7A is a control port for DIO1 DIO1_9 DIO1_2 The direction of DIO lines DIO1_0 thru DIO1_3 is controlled by bit DIO1_8 DIO1_1 0 of I O location Hex 7A and the direction of DIO1_4 thru DIO1_7 _ GND DIO1_0 is controlled by bit 1 of I O location Hex 7A The direction of Figure 2 DIO1 Header Pinout DIO1_8 thru DIO1_11 is controlled by bit 5 of I O location Hex 7A while DIO1_12 and DIO1_13 are always inputs In all cases when a control bit is a 1 it is setting the corresponding DIO lines to be Outputs while a 0 sets them to be Inputs All control bits at I O location Hex 7A are initialized at reset to be 0 When bit 7 of I O location Hex 7A is a 1 DIO1_13 is connected to IRQ7 allowing this port to trigger an interrupt All digital outputs on this port can source 4 mA or sink 8 mA and have logic swings between 3 3V and ground The digital inputs have standard TTL level thresholds and must not be driven below 0 Volts or above 5 0 Volts DIO lines DIO1_0 thru DIO1_7 have 4 7K pull up resistors to 5V biasing these signals to a logic 1 6 2 DIO2 Header The DIO2 port provides 5V GND 13 digital I O lines and an external reset DIO lines DIO2_0 thru DIO2_7 are a byte wid
52. tors It is compatible with DOS as shipped and drivers for other operating systems such as Linux are available If a DiskOnChip is installed it will simply appear as drive C The DiskOnChip is accessed through an 8 KB range of memory at DOO0Oh through D1FFFh If you are installing a PC 104 daughter card that uses memory mapped I O it must not conflict with this address range if the DiskOnChip is installed Additionally in a DOS environment the DiskOnChip firmware uses approximately 30 KB of user RAM below 640 KB 4 4 Using the SanDisk USB Compact Flash Card Reader This device allows for a very fast and reliable method of moving files between the host PC and target SBC TS 5500 For best results we have noticed that it is best to boot the host PC with a Compact Flash card installed in the SanDisk USB Reader The Compact Flash card can then be hot swapped inserted or removed without rebooting the host PC 4 5 Battery Backed SRAM The 32 pin socket can also optionally hold 32 KB of battery backed CMOS SRAM memory This or the DiskOnChip may be installed but not both Battery backed SRAM provides non volatile memory with unlimited write cycles and no write time degradation unlike Flash memory The SRAM uses an additional 32 KB range of DOO0Oh through D7FFFh If the SRAM is installed PC 104 daughter card that uses memory mapped I O must not conflict with this address range I O location 75h bit O can be read to determine whether the SRAM
53. when using HyperTerminal the hardware handshaking must be enabled in HyperTerminal To increase the download speed you could also use a ram disk on the TS 5500 to receive the download file and then copy to the flash drive To declare a ram disk insert this line into the config sys file device dos vdisk sys kbtouse 1024 Please note that the utility used to perform Zmodem file transfers on the TS 5500 side is called DSZ produced by Omen Technologies DSZ is shareware it is not free If you decide to use it you are legally obligated to pay Omen Technologies Currently the cost is 20 Further info is available in the DSZ zip file located on the utility disk and contact info for Omen Technologies is in Appendix G 01 10 03 TS 5500 User s Manual Technologic Systems 18 Debugging There are two main methods for debugging on the TS 5500 using the integrated BIOS debugger INT3 and or using your development tool s debugger this usually requires the TS 9500 video and keyboard 18 1 Integrated BIOS Debugger To provide simple direct access to the TS 5500 hardware the system BIOS has an integrated debugger that can perform standard low level debugger functions The debugger allows you to perform operations such as disassemble code display and alter the contents of memory write to and read from I O ports and single step through or breakpoint code The debugger is not intended for use as the only debugging tool for applications but i
54. xample the Compact Flash socket on the TS 5500 Ide 0 is set as AUTOCONFIG PHYSICAL and mapped so that drive C is assigned to Ide 0 Pri Master This drive is also set as the 1 boot device 20 3 Adding a TS 9400 or TS 9500 with Compact Flash A TS 9500 may be added to the system this board has its own Compact Flash socket which may be set to Primary Master or Secondary Master using the DIP switches If the TS 9500 CF is set to Primary Master DIP switch 5 on then no CF may be installed in the TS 5500s socket and the CMOS settings should be exactly as shown above The TS 9500s CF will be mapped as Drive C and will be the boot drive If the TS 9500s CF is set to Secondary Master Ide 2 then the TS 5500s socket may have a CF installed as Primary Master Ide 0 To configure the TS 9500 as Secondary Master DIP switch 5 off change the IDE DRIVE GEOMETRY for Ide 2 to AUTOCONFIG PHYSICAL and change the DRIVE ASSIGNMENT for Drive D to Ide 2 Sec Master 01 10 03 TS 5500 User s Manual Technologic Systems 20 4 Custom CMOS Configuration System BIOS Setup Custom Configuration C 2000 General Software Inc All rights reserved Write Buffer gt Disabled Cache Mode Write Through CPU speed 133 MHz C8000 CFFFF maps to PC 104 Bus GP Bus Timings Normal PNP IO Port OA79h PCI Bus E X lt Tab gt to select or to modify lt Esc gt to return to main menu
55. y disk The simple web server uses CGI calls to control a DIO pin from a web browser Full source code is included and you are free to modify and extend the code for your own use on Technologic Systems Single Board Computers The DOS packet driver DM9PCIPD COM is loaded by AUTOEXEC BAT once DOS starts Hardware settings are read from the EEPROM chips and used by the packet driver to initialize each DM9102A Below is an example of the DOS command line to load a packet driver for each Ethernet interface DM9PCIPD 0X60 The TCP IP settings for the WATTCP code are stored in the WATTCP CFG configuration file in the A ETHERNET directory this file must be modified for the network environment where the TS 5500 will be installed 10 3 WATTCP CFG configuration file my ip 192 168 0 20 IP address of this Ethernet interface hostname epc embeddedx86 com Host name of this computer netmask 255 255 255 0 Used to determine which IP s are local gateway 192 168 0 1 Gateway for internet access nameserver 192 168 0 1 Name server for domain name lookups With the WATTCP CFG file properly setup and the 10 100 base T cable connected you should be able to ping other nodes on the network i e ping www embeddedx86 com Other WATTCP examples include serial to telnet redirector http file download telnet server and finger web server with I O control Many more can be downloaded from the internet as
56. y even when running Channel 3 on a development machine without the ADC because the function call will not Channeid hang if there is a hardware fault MAX197 not populated If the ADC Channels completion bit is not true after 50 S the routine exits with an error condition Channel6 Int 15h Function BO50h Channel 7 ENTRY Analog GND AX B050h BL Value to write into A D Control register See Table 6 EXIT CY 0 no error ADC Header AH 0 No Error 2141618110112 1 bad subfunction 1131517 9 111 2 bad input registers i e if BL bit 5 set Figure 3 ADC Header Pinout 3 ADC option not present I O 7Dh bit 0 0 4 Hardware error A D timeout BX A D Conversion value 8 LCD Interface A 14 pin LCD connector is provided on the TS 5500 for interfacing with standard alphanumeric LCD displays These displays use a common controller the Hitachi HD44780 or equivalent While software written for the HD44780 will work with all displays using the controller the cable needed is dependent on the display used For most displays a straight through type ribbon cable can be used The connector on the LCD display is typically mounted on the backside of the display Warning using an incorrect cable or mounting the LCD connector on the front side can result in a reverse power polarity and can damage the LCD display Please refer to your LCD data sheets for in depth information
57. ypically a system reset at timeout is the preferred WDT Counter Bits 0 15 Read only DFCB2h method for using the WDT if you wish to have an ee interrupt occur before the system reset occurs bit WDT Counter Bits 16 31 Read only DFCBAN 14 0 in the WOTMRCTL Register additional WDT Interrupt Mapping DFD42h programming is required to attach a specific IRQ to the WDT An interrupt service routine must also be written to handle this IRQ Please see the AMD Elan520 User s Manual or contact Technologic Systems Bit 12 Bits 8 11 Must always be 0 Bits 0 7 Timeout Value See Table 4 WatchDog Control WDTMRCTL DFCBOh Table 6 WatchDog Timer Memory Map 01 10 03 TS 5500 User s Manual Technologic Systems When using the Linux OS we provide a driver to initialize and feed the WDT We also provide a Linux sample application program with full source If using DOS the following sample of Turbo C code real mode DOS will enable the WDT with a 4 second timeout period int main unsigned int far watctrl wdtctrl unsigned int far MK_FP OXDFOO OXOCBO wdtctrl 0x3333 wdtctrl OxCCCC wdtctrl 0xD010 0xDO Enable WDT to Reset Mode 0x10 4 second timeout printf System will reset in 4 seconds return 0 15 LED Jumpers and Reset Button Jumper Function Automatic CMOS CMOS memory is reset every time the system boots IDEO and IDE2 Compact Flash are aut
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