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Manual - TMG Test Equipment

1. Factory Calibration Date 1 21 02 5 13 06 PM User Calibration Date 1 30 02 1 14 50 PM Temperature C 38 Power level High With Cable No Calibrate at Test Port Load saved calibration Calibrate with cable Save calibration Figure 2 7 The Calibration window 2 26 YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual Calibration and Normalization Table 2 11 describes the elements of the Calibration window Table 2 11 Calibration window elements Field Factory Calibration Date User Calibration Date Temperature C Power level Calibrate at Test Port Calibrate with cable Load saved calibration Save calibration Description Select this option button when you want to use the Factory Calibration set Date the Factory Calibration was performed Select this option button when you want to use a calibration that you have performed The date and time the current calibration was performed The internal temperature of the YBA250 at the time the current calibration was performed The output power setting when the current calibration was performed Select this button to perform a new calibration when you are not using an intermediate cable to connect to the antenna Select this button to perform a new calibration when you are using a cable less than 10 feet or 3 meters long to connect to the antenna Select this button to load a saved calibration set Selec
2. 2 36 Figure 2 15 Normalization window 2 41 Figure 2 16 Normalization type status label 2 43 Figure 2 17 Normalization Browser window 2 47 Figure 2 18 Save Normalization window 2 48 Figure 2 19 Load Saved Normalization window 2 49 Figure 2 20 The Signal Standards tab of the Options window ccc cece ccs ccncccsccescens 2 53 Figure 2 21 Setting the output power level 2 55 Figure 2 22 Location of Method drop down list 2 56 Figure 2 23 Preferences tab showing available color schemes 6 50 cae sawed You teat oa esaeres 2 57 Figure 2 24 The Save amp Export tab 2 59 Figure 3 1 The Signal Standards tab of the Options WINGOW seccnsh eu tue lawhw awe oie eS E Shes 3 1 Figure 3 2 Frequency range controls 3 3 Figure 3 3 Select Channel dialog box 3 5 Figure 3 4 Entering the frequency with the keypad 3 6 Figure 3 5 The Return Loss window 6 3 7 Figure 3 6 Example of a Return Loss measurement 3 10 Figure 3 7 Example of a VSWR measurement 3 10 Figure 3 8 Example of a cable loss measurement 3 12 Figure 3 9 The Distance to Fault display 3 13 Figure 3 10 The Distance Options tab 3 15 Figure 3 11 An example of a distance to fault measurement feu dae Chie sd hee eS Lee ee eS 3 16 Figure 3 12 The Cabl
3. 1 Following your standard practice disconnect the antenna to be tested from the transmitter 2 Discharge the antenna line short the center conductor to the cable ground shield damage to the YBA250 from the static electrical charge which may A CAUTION Failure to discharge the antenna line can cause severe be present on the antenna and cable 3 Connect the cable antenna assembly to be tested to the YBA250 test port 4 Tap the Distance button td 5 Set the Output Power level if needed 6 Specify the cable type to be tested a Tap the Edit button Gh EDIT b Tap the Distance Options tab c Select the cable type to be tested from the drop down list next to Type See Figure 3 10 3 14 YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual Measuring the Distance to a Fault Frequency Insertion Distance Distance Options Masks General Save amp Export bl pCable Windowing Type nessa Rectang H Velocity 0 659 Loss 0 787 dB im 1000MHz Desired values Values in use Cover Distance mi is Approx Time 2 Seconds l iii Resolution 0 064 m Range 16 to 987 m Distance 16m ee gt Bandwidth 1555 5 MHz Limit Bandwidth 4 po ui Esmewen Hke E Start Freq 433 00 MHz Range 12 7 to 2475 0 MHz Stop Freq 1988 50 MHz Method Fast 7 Marked selections increase Distance Center frequency MHz 1210 750 Range 802 75 to 1722 25 MHz E
4. 858 95 MHz 301 734 837 300 0 882 500 0 43 200 A 900 990 V 823 300 MHz Md 2 9354 M2 3 031 M1 M2 0 095 Max 3457 Min 2 516 db Figure 3 8 Example of a cable loss measurement YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual Measuring the Distance to a Fault The YBA250 can measure the distance to a fault enabling you to quickly locate faults on your antenna The Distance to Fault Display The Distance to fault window shows distance to fault measurement results Figure 3 9 shows a typical distance to fault display Cr J wasn 0031 an CDMA US Celular chen 27 20 gale f1220 HRE Measurement Method arr x Renum oss Normal Eactary Calbration Auto Scale Trace 1 INor nal ad 50c 18c aac 105C 1S 25 00 29 2C 35 4C 416C 47 80 54 00 LHi ko 00 4402 55 feel Phd 71 dl gt 89 0 127 382 OrD 118 476 A 0 700 Y 170 810 ft Wi 37264 M2 e299 Mi M2 O O 5 335 Max gt 54 Min A O4R da Figure 3 9 The Distance to Fault display YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual 3 13 Measuring the Distance to a Fault Measuring the Distance to a Fault WARNING To prevent personal injury from the effects of lightning do J not connect this product to any source that might be subject to the effects of lightning Use your own good judgement and common sense You must protect yourself from the effects of lightning To measure the distance to a fault
5. Green is life ABN 43 064 478 842 m 231 osborne avenue clayton south vic 3169 PO box 1548 clayton south vic 3169 t 03 9265 7400 f 03 9558 0875 J freecall 1800 680 680 www tmgtestequipment com au Test amp Complimentary Reference Material Measurement This PDF has been made available as a complimentary service for you to assist in 6 sales evaluating this model for your testing requirements e rentals TMG offers a wide range of test equipment solutions from renting short to long term buying refurbished and purchasing new Financing options such as Financial Rental and Leasing are also available on application calibration repair disposal TMG will assist if you are unsure whether this model will suit your requirements Call TMG if you need to organise repair and or calibrate your unit If you click on the Click to Call logo below you can all us for FREE TMG Corporate Website TMG Products Website Leuel4 Disposal ainiti Click to Call TMG Now Review amp Level 5 Level 3 KGE Renew Review amp Renew epair G amp Level2 Reh MK Calibration Recycled Level MALO Acquisition l Purchase ara Lease Rent Solution Centre Product Lifecycle Management System Disclaimer All trademarks appearing within this PDF are trademarks of their respective owners Pat poe S e V Ww NAY Form 080 01 lt lt User Manual Tektronix 7 YBA250 Antenna and Tra
6. Setup Menu Preferences r Application specific colors Select colors for graphs and other measurement objects Color Scheme Indoor Viewing RZ WinCE standard colors Colors for WindowsCE screen objects are selectable in the Appearance page of the Display control panel Cancel Help Figure 2 23 Preferences tab showing available color schemes YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual 2 57 Configuring the Instrument 3 To display a list of the available color schemes tap the Color Scheme list box Available color schemes are Indoor Viewing Outdoor Viewing Dark on white Monochrome grays and Black on White for Printer 4 To select a color scheme tap the name of the desired color scheme 5 To change the Windows CE display properties tap Take Me There This displays the Windows CE Display Properties window where you can set the display background and window color scheme 6 Tap OK to save changes 7 To view the changed color scheme quit the YBA250 program and restart it Display Trace Smoothing For DTF and Insertion Gain Loss measurements when increasing the Start distance decreasing the Stop distance or reducing the frequency measurement range the graph trace may become blocky because there are fewer data points to display You can use the View gt Smoothing command to smooth the displayed trace between data points You can also set trace smoothi
7. 2 8 Folder icon 2 8 forward frequency Glossary 1 Frequency button 2 10 front panel controls 1 1 functional verification E 1 G GPS receiver set up 2 61 guidelines calibration 2 38 normalization 2 50 H Hardware Info command Tools menu 2 16 Help find information 2 4 icon 2 4 help icon 2 9 hide program 2 2 Index 2 YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual Index Icon status 2 3 icons 2 4 command bar area 2 8 desktop 2 2 2 3 shared control area 2 10 tuning control area 2 9 2 12 in vehicle DC adapter 1 6 incoming inspection E 1 information getting help 2 4 input connector 1 3 2 21 Input panel enter keyboard characters 2 17 insertion gain 3 26 insertion gain or loss measuring 3 27 Insertion Gain Loss button 2 10 insertion loss 3 26 Installing shoulder strap 1 18 strand hook 1 18 installing YBA250 module 1 4 J JPG Glossary 1 K Keyboard soft input panel 2 17 Keyboard command Tools menu 2 16 keypad button 2 11 knob 2 11 L length of filename 2 60 Limit Bandwidth setting 3 16 loading a user normalization 2 48 Location data saving GPS coordinates 2 61 Lock up recovering from 1 2 M1 Trace 1 M2 Trace 2 3 47 Marker 1 View menu 2 15 Marker 2 View menu 2 15 Marker Max View menu 2 15 Marker Min View menu 2 15 Markers M1 Trace 1 M2 Trace 2 3 47 View menu 2 15 markers measuring frequency and level 3
8. Ochoco Divide Yes Yes High 4i 1 23 02 1 22 54 PM Nehalem Mountain Yes Yes High 38 1 21 02 5 35 07 PM Current conditions High 38 2 3 02 3 39 06 PM Figure 2 13 Calibration browser window There is a line of text that appears below the list of saved calibration sets The line of text begins with Current condi tions It displays the the power level temperature of the YBA250 and the date This information is provided to help you decide which calibration set to load For details on how to use this information see Which Calibration Set Should You Use on page 2 37 3 Select the saved calibration set you want to use and tap OK This loads the saved calibration set which will remain valid until the temperature of the YBA250 changes by more than 10 C 18 F or more than one week has elapsed since the calibration was performed YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual 2 35 Calibration and Normalization 2 36 Using the Factory Calibration A Factory Calibration is a special calibration performed with a set of very high precision calibration standards at the factory The Factory Calibration set is saved in non volatile memory so it can be recalled at any time The Factory Calibration set cannot be changed To load the Factory Calibration set 1 Tap the Calibration button This displays the Calibration window 2 To load the Factory Calibration settings select the Factory Calibration c
9. RJ 45 Serial port RS 232 PS 2 keyboard connector USB Host connector PES ce eee S oe USB Slave connector YBA250 Input Connector Figure 1 4 shows the location of the YBA250 Application Module TEST PORT input connector TEST PORT Se eal Figure 1 4 YBA250 test port YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual 1 3 Getting Started Installing and Removing a Module If you purchased the YBA250 as a separate item you must install the module on a NetTek Analyzer platform before you can take measurements Refer to Figures 1 5 and 1 6 to install or remove the YBA250 module CAUTION To prevent damage to the NetTek Analyzer Platform or A N YBA250 module you must power down the NetTek Analyzer Platform and remove all cables or connectors before installing a YBA250 module Remove bus cover Bus connector NetTek Analyzer Platform Figure 1 5 Removing the bus cover 1 4 YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual Getting Started Attach bus cover LA Tighten thumb A f 4 ae screws 4 module Bus connector Figure 1 6 Attaching the YBA250 module NOTE Tighten the screws by pressing in slightly on them and turning them in a clockwise direction Use the coin slot in the top of the thumb screw if you require additional torque Tighten all scre
10. Safety Terms and Symbols Terms in This Manual These terms may appear in this manual WARNING Warning statements identify conditions or practices that could result in injury or loss of life CAUTION Caution statements identify conditions or practices that could result in damage to this product or other property Terms on the Product These terms may appear on the product DANGER indicates an injury hazard immediately accessible as you read the marking WARNING indicates an injury hazard not immediately accessible as you read the marking CAUTION indicates a hazard to property including the product Symbols on the Product These symbols may appear on the product A CAUTION Refer to Manual Battery Recycling The NetTek Analyzer Platform uses rechargeable Lithium Ion batteries which must be recycled or disposed of properly For the location of a local battery recycler in the U S or Canada please contact RBRC 800 BATTERY Rechargeable Battery Recycling Corp 800 227 7379 P O Box 141870 www rbrc com Gainesville Florida 32614 YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual Getting Started Ee Getting Started This section describes the Y400 NetTek Analyzer Platform on which the YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer operates The NetTek Analyzer Platform Figure 1 1 shows the NetTek Analyzer Platform layout Figure 1 2 shows the front panel controls and indicators
11. Tektronix YBACI1 or equivalent Prerequisite m None NOTE These procedures verify only that the YBA250 is operating correctly They do not verify that the YBA250 meets warranted specifications To perform the functional test 1 2 Power up the NetTek Analyzer Platform If necessary launch the YBA250 application by double tapping the YBA250 icon on the desktop or selecting Start gt Programs gt NetTek gt YBA250 from the Taskbar Select Return Loss from the Measurement drop down list Tap the Continuous mode button gt Allow the NetTek Analyzer Platform to run for five to ten minutes to warm up In the main display tap the Calibration button This displays the Calibration window See Figure E 2 YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual E 3 Appendix E Functional Verification Procedure Calibration g Date epeeerersets User Calibration ba LST ENEWS awer lewa Calibrate at Test Port Load saved calibration Calibrate with cable cot Ji oe Figure E 2 Calibration window prior to calibration 7 Tap the Calibrate at Test Port button 2m a e This displays the Calibration at Test Port window See Figure E 3 Calibration at Test Port You may perform these steps in any order The OK button will be available when all three steps are done You may press Cancel to exit at any time rOpen Connect the referen
12. m For testing cable insertion loss you must have access to both ends of the cable to connect to the NetTek analyzer YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual Measuring Insertion Gain and Loss To measure insertion gain or loss 1 Connect the NetTek Analyzer to the device or system under test a Using the same cable and attenuator that you used to create the normalization connect the device or system under test signal input to the YBA250 TEST PORT connector Then connect the YBT250 RF INPUT to the device or system under test signal output connector b If measuring cable loss only use the same cable and attenuator that you used to create the normalization to connect one end of the cable being tested to the YBA250 TEST PORT connector Then connect the other end of the cable being tested to the normalization cable attenuator attached to the YBT250 RF INPUT connector c If measuring the gain of a tower mounted amplifier TMA see Connecting to a Tower Mounted Amplifier TMA on page 3 28 for information on connecting the NetTek analyzer to a TMA 2 Tap the Insertion Gain Loss button abe 3 Select the measurement type Insertion Loss or Insertion Gain 4 Select the signal standard from the drop down list located below the menu bar 5 Set the start stop frequencies using any of the following methods Preferred Method Create or load a User normalization that contains the frequency start stop val
13. 00 d gt 860 000 O 860 000 oo 0 000 VY 852 400 A 810 000 MHz Mi 1 129 M2 1 129 M1 M2 0 000 Max 1 156 Min 1 005 VSWR Figure 3 23 Display with markers YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual 3 43 Using Markers and Band Edge Cursors Measurement Method Eactory Calibration VSWR Fast 7 Trace 1 Normal ET eee agen TE arean nan EE E EE E 1 16 i pgs anna a eee eee E ae 1 14 1 12 1 10 1 08 Eh Ee a a SS ee 1 04 1 02 Ei a Coen Sees Saabs ena 810 00 4 560 00 MHz 910 00 d Figure 3 24 Display without markers Markers are used to display frequency Return Loss Insertion Gain or Loss and VSWR at specific points on traces There are five marker readouts M1 M2 M1 M2 Max and Min At the right end of the marker readouts the units for the numeric values are shown f frequency dB return loss in decibels VSWR Voltage Standing Wave Ratio The elements of the marker readouts are described in Table 3 3 Refer to the following sample marker readout when reading the table 824 000 O 849 200 Oro eo A 839 600 Y 905 600 MHz M1 27 058 M2 20 848 M1 M2 6 210 Max 38 172 Min 7 760 db 3 44 YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual Using Markers and Band Edge Cursors Table 3 3 Elements of Marker Readouts Element Location in Readout Function Symbol Top left The symbol diamond squar
14. 22 Location of Method drop down list To change the method setting select the desired setting from the Method drop down list Table 2 14 shows how the Method setting affects the resolution Table 2 14 Performance versus Resolution Maximum Resolution for all measurements except Average Resolution for Method Insertion Gain Loss1 Insertion Gain Loss Fast 100 Normal 200 High Resolution 400 1 Resolution is the number of data points acquired per measurement The actual number of data points depends on several interacting factors The number of data points displayed may be less than the maximum 2 56 YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual Configuring the Instrument NOTE The measurement method setting is not shared between different measurement modes Impedence DTF and Insertion Gain Loss measurements can be set to different measurement methods Setting Display Preferences The YBA250 enables you to change the color scheme used in the display There are three color schemes one monochrome scheme and a black and white printout scheme Color schemes specified in the YBA250 do not affect standard Windows CE screen items The YBA250 color schemes affect only measurement graphs in the display To specify the color scheme used by the YBA250 1 Select Tools gt Options 2 Select the Preferences tab This displays the window shown in Figure 2 23 Options Cable Types Signal Standards
15. 27 00 dB YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual Appendix A Specifications Table A 1 Measurement characteristics Cont Distance to Fault DTF Characteristics Distance to Fault Measurement Distance to Fault Range Distance to Fault Resolution Distance to Fault Amplitude Correction Insertion Loss Characteristics Measurement Frequency Range Display Range Description The YBA250 displays Return Loss versus distance or VSWR versus distance Coaxial lines up to 1486 V meters in length can be tested Ve is the relative signal velocity in the coaxial line with respect to the speed of light Incremental distances of lt 6 1 V centimeters at a distance of 200eV meters can be resolved This resolution is available only in situations where the instrument s entire frequency range can be used to make the measurement If a device with a narrow bandwidth limits the system under test the distance resolution is limited by physics to 1 5 10 Ea where AF is the frequency range the measurements are made over Vre is the relative signal velocity in the coaxial line with respect to the speed of light The measured value of a broad band discontinuity is corrected using information based on the known characteristics of the cable being tested Description The dBm power measured without the device in the signal path minus the dBm power measured with the device in the signal path
16. 4 To restart measurements tap the Play button P When a recalled results file is displayed the Saved Data icon is displayed at the top of the screen next to the time and date the file was Saved Exporting Measurement Results The YBA250 can save measurement results in a file for use in other applications such as Microsoft Excel The YBA250 exports files as tab separated or comma separated files Files that use tabs to separate data fields are saved with a txt extension Files that use commas to separate data fields are saved with a csv extension To export measurement results 1 Select File gt Export Results 2 Select a file format from the Type list 3 Enter a name for the file 4 Choose the location where the file should be saved 5 Tap OK to save the file Figure 3 30 shows an exported results file 3 64 Name Measurement Name Timestamp Calibration in use Cal set name Calibration timestamp Technician Note for saved results Value Units Pass Fail Frequency 10 3 02 7 20 31 PM Factory Factory cal set 1 10 02 5 30 12 PM Trip Tucker test of NX 01 primary antenna Message Output power High Start Freq Hz 25000000 Stop Freq Hz 2500000000 Vert Scale Min dB Vert Scale Max dB 10 40 YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual Saving and Recalling Results Screens and Setups Trace 1 mode Normal Trace 2 on False Trace 2 mode Normal Mask test ena
17. 48 readouts 3 45 viewing 3 43 Mask View Menu 2 14 Mask Maker command Tools menu 2 16 Max trace type 3 34 measurement overview 2 23 measurements cable loss 3 11 distance to fault 3 13 insertion gain 3 26 insertion loss 3 26 return loss 3 8 VSWR 3 8 Menus File 2 13 Help 2 4 Setup 2 15 Start 2 2 YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual Index 3 Index Tools 2 16 View 2 14 Method setting 2 56 Min trace type 3 33 Min Max trace type 3 34 Normal trace type 3 33 normalization creating a default normalization 2 44 creating a user normalization 2 45 default 2 40 dialog elements 2 40 dialog status labels 2 42 displaying normalization dialog 2 40 guidelines 2 50 loading a user normalization 2 48 overview 2 40 saving a user normalization 2 46 type status labels 2 43 Default 2 43 UnNormalized 2 44 User 2 43 User 2 43 user 2 40 Not Valid normalization 2 42 notes entering 2 60 numeric keypad button 2 11 O On Off button 1 2 one port measurement 2 23 Glossary 1 Open button 2 8 Open command File menu 2 13 Setup menu 2 15 Options C 1 Options command Tools menu 2 16 output power setting 2 54 p Pause button 2 8 Phone number Tektronix xv PNG Glossary 1 power supplies external 1 6 power switch 1 2 1 14 precision connectors and cables 2 19 Preferences tab 2 57 Print command File menu 2 14 Product
18. 97C US CDMA PCS TIA EIA 95 TIA EIA 97C CDMA Korea PCS CDMA Japan ARIB CDMA China 1 CDMA China 2 CDMA2000 Class 0 Korea Cellular CDMA2000 Class 0 N A Cellular CDMA2000 Class 1 N A PCS Channel numbers 1 799 990 1023 1 1199 1 598 1 799 801 1039 1041 1199 0 1000 1329 2047 0 1000 1329 2047 1 799 990 1023 1 799 990 1023 0 1199 YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual F 1 Appendix F Supported Signal Standards Table F 1 Cellular standards supported Cont Standard CDMA2000 Class 2 TACS Band CDMA2000 Class 3 JTACS Band CDMA2000 Class 4 Korea PCS CDMA2000 Class 5 NMT 450W 25 kHz CDMA2000 Class 5 NMT 450N 20 kHz CDMA2000 Class 6 IMT 2000 CDMA2000 Class 7 N A 700 MHz Cell Band CDMA2000 Class 8 GSM Band CDMA2000 Class 9 GSM Band CDMA2000 Class 10 SMR 800 Band W CDMA UMTS W CDMA NA PCS W CDMA NA Addl PCS Channel numbers 0 1000 1329 2047 1 799 801 1039 1041 1199 1201 1600 0 599 1 300 539 871 1039 1473 1792 2016 0 1199 0 359 0 1499 0 699 0 719 720 919 9612 9888 10562 10838 9262 9538 9662 9938 12 287 412 687 YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual Appendix F Supported Signal Standards Table F 1 Cellular standards supported Cont Standard W CDMA DCS1800 NADC IS 136 Cellular NADC PCS IS 136 SMR 800 25kHz SMR 800 12 5kHz SMR 1500 GSM 450 GSM 480 GSM 850 GSM E 900
19. Cancel Help Figure 3 10 The Distance Options tab NOTE The cables listed in the Type drop down list are defined in the Cable Types list Tools gt Options gt Cable Types tab d The selected cable s velocity and loss specifications are shown below the Type drop down list If the cable type you want to test is not listed see Setting Cable Types on page 3 19 Creating a User Defined Cable Type on page 3 19 and Customizing The Cable Standards Table on page 3 10 for further information e Tap OK 7 The YBA250 begins taking distance to fault DTF measure ments Figure 3 11 shows an example DTF measurement YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual 3 15 Measuring the Distance to a Fault Measurement Method Facto Calibration Auto Scale Trace 1 Nermal Es 6 00 0 00 6 00 12 00 16 00 24 00 30 00 36 00 42 00 45 00 54 00 kboo 4 102 05 feet 204 114 1715400 178 772 0 7 231 A 3 616 Y 178 772 ft Mi 19 636 M2 14 761 M1 M2 5 075 Max gt 54 Min 14 761 db Figure 3 11 An example of a distance to fault measurement Changing the Vertical Scale Units The default setting for Vertical Scale Units is dB You can also display faults using VSWR as the vertical scale unit To change the vertical scale unit to VSWR select VSWR from the Measurement drop down list Limiting the Bandwidth for a Bandpass Filter 3 16 The YBA250 automatically adjusts the frequencies
20. Delete Trace Tap to delete the selected trace from the mask Trace Select list box Tap to select which trace to edit Undo Delete Tap to undo the last Delete Point or Delete Trace action Flat Trace button Tap to add a 2 point trace to the mask Rising Trace button Tap to add a 4 point trace to the mask Falling Trace button Tap to add a 4 point trace to the mask YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual Mask Testing Table 3 5 Mask maker buttons and icons Cont Button Icon Description Positive Pulse button Tap to add a 6 point trace to the mask Negative Trace button Tap to add a 6 point trace to the mask Using the Mask Maker Defining Mask Frequency Range and Trace Before creating a mask you must define the mask start and stop frequencies 1 Tap the measurement button for which you want to create a mask Impedance Y or Insertion Gain Loss 2 Select the measurement for which you want to create a mask from the Measurement drop down list 3 Set the frequency range of the display by selecting the signal standard band Forward Reverse Both selecting the channel and or by setting the Start and Stop frequencies 4 If possible use a known signal input to create a measurement trace with the correct wave shape You can use this as the reference trace for creating a mask Opening the Mask Maker From the Tools menu select Mask Maker to op
21. Figure 1 3 shows the input and output ports Batteries Application modules S TT geist NAS SN J PC card NORA A SS j S PSS S p l of Front panel aa Figure 1 1 NetTek Analyzer Layout YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual 1 1 Getting Started A 1 2 CAUTION Only use soft objects such as plastic or your finger to tap the touch screen display Do not use metal or other abrasive materials because they will damage the display surface O00 Figure 1 2 Front Panel Controls 1 Power Suspend Switch Push on push off See pages 1 11 and 1 12 for additional information 2 Reset Switch Push to perform a hardware reset if a lock up occurs All programs and data loaded into volatile memory since startup are lost 3 Status Indicator Green indicates that the instrument is powered on Amber indicates that the instrument is powered on but the display is turned off for power conservation 4 Batteries Indicator Green indicates that the instrument is connected to an external power source and charging any installed batteries Red indicates a low battery YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual Getting Started Hiakai Figure 1 3 I O ports Y400 NetTek Analyzer Platform Microphone input Headphone jack Ethernet connector
22. GSM P 900 GSM R 900 GSM 1800 GSM 1900 PDC1500 JDC PHS AMPS EIA 553 N AMPS IS 88 TACS Channel numbers 8562 8913 9037 9388 1 799 990 1023 1 1999 1 600 1 1199 1 479 259 293 306 340 128 251 0 124 975 1023 1 124 0 124 955 1023 512 885 512 810 0 960 1 77 1 799 990 1023 1 799 Ny NL ana Nu 990 1023 Nm NL ana Nu 1 1000 YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual F 3 Appendix F Supported Signal Standards Table F 1 Cellular standards supported Cont Standard ETACS NTACS JTACS PDC 800 Analog NMT 411 25 kHz NMT 450 25 kHz NMT 450 20 kHz NMT 470 20 kHz NMT 900 NMT 900 offset MATS E C 450 SA C 450 P 1xEVDO 10 SMR 800 Band CDMA2000 1xEVDO Class 0 NA Cellular CDMA2000 1xEVDO Class 0 Korea CDMA2000 1xEVDO Class 1 N A PCS Channel numbers 0 1000 1329 2047 1 799 800 1039 1040 1199 0 798 even chan only 800 1038 even chan only 1040 1198 even chan only 0 1680 539 871 1 300 1039 1473 1792 2016 1 1000 1025 2023 1 1000 1 247 1 887 0 919 1 799 990 1023 1 799 990 1023 0 1199 YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual Appendix F Supported Signal Standards Table F 1 Cellular standards supported Cont Standard CDMA2000 1xEVDO Class 2 TACS Band CDMA2000 1xEVDO Class 3 JTACS Band CDMA2000 1xEVDO Class 4 Korea PCS CDMA2000 1xEVDO Class 5 NMT 25k 450 CDMA2
23. Kit YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual Calibration and Normalization There are two methods of User calibration Calibrate at Test Port and Calibrate with cable If you are using a precision cable to connect to the antenna you can use either method If you are using a non preci sion cable to connect to the antenna it is important to use the Calibrate with cable method When using the Calibrate at Test Port method you attach the calibration standards directly to the TEST PORT connector When using the Calibrate with cable method you first connect the cable you will use to connect to the antenna to TEST PORT connector of the YBA250 and then you connect the calibration standards to the other end of the cable In this way the YBA250 can compensate for the loss in the cable resulting in a more accurate measurement Note that the Calibrate with cable method is valid only for cable lengths up to 10 feet 3 meters Calibrate at Test Port To perform a calibration at the test port 1 In the main display tap the Calibration button c This displays the Calibration window 2 Tap the Calibrate at Test Port button irasa eara This displays the Calibration at Test Port window See Figure 2 9 Calibration at Test Port x You may perform these steps in any order The OK button will be available when all three steps are done You may press Cancel to exit at any time rOpen Connect the ref
24. Tap the M1 box This assigns the knob to Marker 1 Note the readout above the knob changes to M1 Tap the point on the waveform where you want the marker placed You can also tap the numeric keypad next to the knob to enter the frequency where the marker should be placed or use the knob to change the location of the marker Read the M1 frequency Return Loss and VSWR in the M1 readout 4 To place Marker 2 a b Tap the M2 box This assigns the knob to Marker 2 Note the readout above the knob changes to M2 Tap the point on the waveform where you want the marker placed You can also tap the numeric keypad next to the knob to enter the frequency where the marker should be placed or use the knob to change the location of the marker Read the M2 frequency Return Loss and VSWR in the M2 readout To place markers on two traces 1 If it is not already selected select Trace 2 from the View menu This displays Trace 2 as defined on the Loss tab 2 From the View menu select the desired location for the markers See Figure 3 25 3 46 YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual Using Markers and Band Edge Cursors Setup Tools v Markers Marker 2 T1 Marker Min T1 gt Marker Max T1 Figure 3 25 Assigning markers to a trace When Trace 2 is enabled markers can be located as follows Table 3 4 Marker placement Menu selection Location of markers Marker 1 Ass
25. The Normalization measure ment provides the power measurement without the device under test in the signal path The test signal is generated by the YBA250 The test signal is measured by the YBT250 under control of the YBA250 application 30 to 2500 MHz 100 dB to 100 dB YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual A 3 Appendix A Specifications Table A 1 Measurement characteristics Cont Insertion Loss Characteristics Resolution Accuracy Typical Average Insertion Loss measurement Insertion Gain Characteristics Measurement Frequency Range Display Range Resolution Accuracy Typical Average Insertion Gain measurement A 4 Description 0 01 dB 1 0 dB for components with VSWR lt 1 5 1 0 5 dB for components with VSWR lt 1 15 1 Reflections in the signal path create standing waves when operating at a fixed frequency When frequency is swept these reflections cause ripple in the measurement waveform The average loss measurement indicates the average loss over the displayed frequency range Description The dBm power measured with the device in the signal path minus the dBm power measured with the device removed from the signal path The Normalization measurement provides the power measurement without the device under test in the signal path The test signal is generated by the YBA250 The test signal is measured by the YBT250 under control of the YBA250 application 30
26. a Figure 3 20 Selecting the first result file There are four types of results files m Return Loss and VSWR results files have a file extension of 3202 m Distance to fault results files have a file extension of a03 m Insertion Loss results files have a file extension of a05 m Insertion Gain results files have a file extension of a06 Note that both results file types are displayed for the first file selection Select the first result file you wish to compare Tap OK After you select the first result the Open dialog is displayed again for you to select the second result file See Figure 3 21 Note the label Select second result file to compare Note that the only file type available to select are those that match the results file you selected first If you selected a Return Loss results file in the first dialog a02 file extension only Return Loss results files are displayed for you to select as the second file to compare YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual Working with Traces Select second result file to compare a BuiltInDisk Yba250 AppData Results 0000 202 0001 02 Type Results files a02 Y Figure 3 21 Selecting the second result file Once you have selected both traces they are displayed The two traces are displayed in different colors so that they are easier to compare See Figure 3 22 You can use markers on t
27. after Technician 4 Enter the technician name You can also use this space for additional test information instead of a technician name 5 Tap OK to save the technician name field Entering Notes for Saved Results The YBA250 lets you enter a note to be saved in results files Thus if there are any special conditions about a test you can save notes within the results file You can enter up to 254 characters in the notes field YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual Configuring the Instrument To specify notes for saved results 1 Select Setup gt Edit This displays the Setup window 2 Tap the Save amp Export tab See Figure 2 24 3 Tap the box after Notes for saved results 4 Enter text using the soft keyboard or an external keyboard for the note 5 Tap OK to save the notes you entered Saving GPS Coordinates with your Results You can connect a GPS Global Positioning System receiver to your NetTek Analyzer to collect location coordinates that are saved with your measurement results The most recent position read from the GPS receiver is included with your results when you save or export your results NOTE For correct coordinates when using the GPS function save or export your results while the GPS receiver is at the location where you made the test If you take a measurement move the instrument and then save your results you will not be saving the coordinates of the location
28. button The OK button is not selectable until all three calibration standards have been marked as done See Fig ure 2 10 2 30 YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual Calibration and Normalization Calibration at Test Port You may perform these steps in any order The Ok button will be available when all three steps are done You may press Cancel to exit at any time fe Done Connect the reference open and press Open Open Short Done Connect the reference short and press Short Short rLoad Done Connect the reference load and press Load K Cancel Help Figure 2 10 Calibration window after calibration is done This loads new calibration settings that remain valid until the temperature of the YBA250 changes by more than 10 C 18 F or more than seven days have elapsed since the calibration was performed Calibrate with Cable To perform a calibration with a cable that is 10 feet 3 meters or less in length 1 In the main display tap the Calibration button This displays the Calibration window 2 Tap the Calibrate with cable button ene ana This displays the Calibration with Cable window See Figure 2 11 YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual 2 31 Calibration and Normalization 2 32 Calibration with cable x You may perform these steps in any order The OK button will be available when all three steps are don
29. button to switch to the cursor keys from the numeric keypad Defining Selecting a Mask for Testing Before you can perform a mask test you must define select the mask to be used Defining a mask specifies the mask to used for mask testing If you have not yet created a mask see Using the Mask Maker on page 3 53 To define a mask 1 Select View gt Define Mask This displays the Masks tab of the Setup window Decide which type of mask you want to use Return Loss VSWR Cable Loss Insertion Gain or Insertion Loss and tap the appropriate Browse button to display the Select mask file window Select the mask you want to use for your mask test and then tap OK Tap the Enable Mask Testing check box To have the YBA250 perform an action in addition to displaying the violation icon when a mask violation occurs tap the appropriate check box Tap Beep to sound an alarm when a violation occurs this is selected by default Tap Pause to cause the YBA250 to pause when a violation occurs YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual 3 57 Mask Testing Tap Export Screen to save the screen as a graphics file when a violation occurs m Tap Save Results to cause the YBA250 to save the measure ments results to a file when a violation occurs 6 Tap OK to accept your changes Mask testing is enabled with the defined mask displayed Performing a Mask Test 3 58 To perform a mask test S
30. compatible with the TMA before applying power m Create a User normalization with the bias tee attached before taking measurements unless you want to include the loss of the bias tee in the measurement You do not need to turn on the bias tee power supply to create the User normalization YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual 3 29 Measuring Insertion Gain and Loss 3 30 YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual A Generating a Continuous Wave CW Signal A continuous wave CW signal source used in combination with a test receiver such as the Tektronix YBT250 can test a variety of two port devices The YBA250 can generate a CW signal that is adjustable across the entire YBA250 frequency band and over power levels from 3 dBm to 60 dBm To generate a CW signal 1 Connect the cable from the device to be tested to the YBA250 TEST PORT connector 2 Tap the CW Signal Mode button See Figure 3 16 File View Setup Tools fal geor O gt m 11 2 2004 10 30 31 am Ea CDMA US Celular Ee UE 8E 85 amp chan fe25 10 gM CW Signal Mode zef ZS Output Power dBm o CW Signal Oon f 2 of Ve 30 40 O 50 60 Figure 3 16 Setting output power for CW signal mode YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual 3 31 Generating a Continuous Wave CW Signal 3 Select the signal standard from the drop down list located below th
31. controls Saved Setups are available Select saved Setups for Setup menu list 10 most recently used saved Setups Custom list include up to 10 saved Setups Setups in BuiltInDisk YBA250 AppData Settings Setup menu list Ea Ea Figure 3 32 Setup menu controls 3 To prevent a user from changing saved setups select Hide Setup controls 4 Tap OK to save the Setup Menu changes 3 70 YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual Saving and Recalling Results Screens and Setups When Hide Setup controls is selected the Edit button changes to the Open button Tapping the Open button horen displays the Open dialog box instead of the Setup window This allows the user to select a saved setup for recall but not to edit any settings or save any setups Additionally when Hide Setup controls is selected the Setup gt Edit and Setup gt Save menu items are disabled Enabling Changes to Saved Setups If setup controls have been hidden you cannot create new setup files You must show setup controls so you can create new setup files To show setup controls 1 Select Tools gt Options 2 Select the Setup Menu tab See Figure 3 32 3 Select Show Setup Controls Once setup controls are visible you can create new setup files Specifying the List of Saved Setups The YBA250 enables you to specify the list of saved setups that appears in the Setup menu You can choose to e
32. field 3 Tap OK 4 To save a mask to a different file name tap the Save As button and enter the new mask file name Loading a Mask You can load a saved mask to use for mask testing or as the starting point for creating a new mask 1 Tap the Open button to display the Open window 2 Select the mask file to load from the displayed list 3 Tap OK Mask Maker Guidelines A mask consists of one or more traces with each trace containing at least one point m You can add as many points as you want to a mask trace m You can place as many traces on a mask as you want m The selected point on a mask trace is indicated by a circle Other points are indicated by a square m A mask trace does not have to cover the entire test frequency range Signal points at frequencies that don t have associated mask points are not tested for violations This allows you to check only those parts of the signal that are critical to your specific measurement for example the attenuation in adjacent channels m If you place points outside the visible area of the graph tap the rescale button 4 4J to bring all points into view 3 56 YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual Mask Testing If you accidentally delete a point or a trace you can undo the last delete action by tapping the Undo Delete button X l Tap the numeric keypad E to switch to the numeric keypad from the cursor keys Tap the cursors keys
33. lightning strikes a structure or facility current travels through the rebar concrete pipes cables vent stacks and electrical system m Lightning can induce electric and magnetic fields into structures and portions of wiring The length of a conductor affected by the magnetic field of a lightning strike may exceed two miles Be alert and aware of the effects of lightning m When lightning strikes a conductor which in turn introduces the current into an area some distance from the ground strike point equipment can be damaged and personnel injured if they become an indirect path in the completion of the ground circuit m Conductors such as the braided shields of cables or unshielded wires will have significant transient currents flowing in them in regions exposed to the electric field effect of lightning m Induced voltages may cause breakdown of insulation in wiring at connectors and in electrical components or breakdown of air YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual 1 15 Getting Started Attaching Accessories 1 16 Setting Up the Tilt Stand For floor or desktop use attach the tilt stand to the NetTek Analyzer Platform and fold into place See Figure 1 11 Attach tilt stand with thumb screws 3 aoe stand Stylus holders xN AA Os Bottom thumb screw located under Velcro flap Figure 1 11 NetTek Analyzer Platform tilt stand YBA250 Antenn
34. normalization set into the YBA250 normalization Save normalization Saves the current User normalization data to a file There are three possible normalization data status labels shown in the Normalization window Valid Not Valid and Unusable m Valid The specified data is within the accepted tolerances of the current NetTek Analyzer YBT250 YBA250 configuration or conditions m Not Valid The specified data is not within the accepted tolerances of the current NetTek Analyzer YBT250 YBA250 configuration or conditions Unusable The specified data was created on a different NetTek Analyzer YBT250 YBA250 configuration or normalization data does not exist 2 42 YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual Calibration and Normalization Normalization Type Status The YBA250 displays the current normalization type status next to the Normalization button on the main Insertion Gain Loss screen Normalization status label Default Normalization Figure 2 16 Normalization type status label There are four normalization status labels User indicates that the YBA250 is using a valid User normalization set User indicates that the YBA250 is using a non valid User normalization set and the measurements may not be as accurate as possible The YBA250 automatically changes normalization status from User to User under any of the following conditions the YBA250 continues to use the current User normaliz
35. not been used for an extended period must be charged before using them to power the instrument Refer to Charging a Battery on page 1 9 for more information Figure 1 8 Opening the battery compartment YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual 1 7 Getting Started 2 Rotate the battery retainer 1 Push the battery retainer tab down and towards the back of instrument then lift Figure 1 9 Opening the battery retainer lt N H I i battery by strap Battery retainer in open position Figure 1 10 Installing removing a battery 1 8 YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual Getting Started NOTE The battery electrical contacts on the bottom of the battery must face in the direction shown in Figure 1 10 Close and latch the battery retainer and battery compartment door after installing or removing batteries You can add a second battery to increase the operating time Replace a battery with the specified type only To purchase a battery from Tektronix please contact your Tektronix Service Center for the correct part number Charging a Battery To charge batteries installed in the NetTek Analyzer Platform connect the instrument to an external power supply see Figure 1 7 on page 1 6 and let the battery or batteries recharge in the instrument Table 1 1 lists the approximate charge times for fully discharged batte
36. other instrument control settings Once the setup is saved it can be copied to other YBA250 instruments to save setup time in the field To save YBA250 setups 1 Set all the YBA250 settings the way you want them 2 Select Setup gt Save 3 4 Choose the location where the file should be saved the default is Enter a name for the file BuiltInDisk YBA250 AppData Settings Tap OK to save the setup file Recalling Setups Recalling a saved setup changes the YBA250 settings to match those in the saved setup file To recall setups 1 2 To recall a setup select Setup gt Open Locate the directory that contains the setup file the default is BuiltInDisk YBA250 AppData Settings Select the setup file to recall and tap OK YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual 3 69 Saving and Recalling Results Screens and Setups Customizing the Setup menu The YBA250 allows you to customize the Setup menu to include a list of standard setups and to prevent accidental changes to existing setup files Preventing Changes to Saved Setups The YBA250 enables you to hide setup controls so that accidental changes to saved setups cannot occur To hide setup controls 1 Select Tools gt Options 2 Select the Setup Menu tab See Figure 3 32 Cable Types Signal Standards Setup Menu Preferences Protect settings Show Setup controls User can edit all settings Hide Setup
37. return loss by reflecting part of the signal As with cables the higher the frequency of measurement the worse the degradation will likely be Attaching and Removing Precision Connectors A 2 20 There is a correct way to attach and remove precision connectors Precision connectors are exceptionally sensitive to mishandling CAUTION Attaching or removing a precision connector incorrectly will damage the connector You must attach and remove precision connectors using the proper procedure to avoid damaging the connector Precision connectors that have been damaged by improper handing will not provide dependable measurements Attaching Precision Connectors To properly attach a precision connector to the YBA250 1 Gently push the connector straight onto the Test Port DO NOT turn the body of the connector while pushing it onto the Test Port 2 To secure the connector hold the body of the connector still while turning the nut until it is finger tight Turn ONLY the nut to secure the connector See Figure 2 5 YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual Connecting a Signal Hold body portion of the connector secure from turning Tighten connector by turning only the bottom knurled portion of the connector Figure 2 5 How to attach a precision connector Removing Precision Connectors To properly remove a precision connector from the YBA250 1 Hold the body of the connector still while
38. support contact information xv program button 2 2 Q question mark icon 2 9 R recalling results 3 63 recalling setups 3 69 reference level Glossary 1 removing precision connectors and cables 2 20 Reset hardware 1 2 software 1 13 Index 4 YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual Index reset switch 1 2 Restart button 2 8 results exporting 3 64 recalling 3 63 saving 3 61 Results Properties command File menu 2 14 return loss 3 8 Glossary 2 reverse frequency Glossary 2 Rotate Trace Order View menu 2 14 rotate traces button 3 38 Running indicator 2 8 S Save amp Export tab 2 59 Save command Setup menu 2 15 Save Results command File menu 2 13 Save Results As command File menu 2 13 Save Results As command File Menu 3 36 save results button 2 8 Save Results command File menu 3 36 saved trace displaying 3 37 Saving GPS coordinates 2 61 saving a user normalization 2 46 saving results 3 61 screens exporting 3 65 file formats 3 67 Service support contact information xv setting display colors 2 57 distance units 3 35 file options 2 58 file prefix 2 59 note text 2 60 startup application 2 6 technician name 2 60 trace type 3 33 setting cable types 3 17 Setup Menu customizing 3 70 Setup menu 2 15 setups recalling 3 69 saving 3 68 Shoulder strap 1 18 signal standards enabling 2 53 3 1 supported F 1 Single measurement butt
39. turning the nut to loosen it Turn only the nut to remove the connector 2 Gently pull the connector straight away from the RF input Do not turn the body of the connector while pulling it off the Test Port Connecting an RF Signal The YBA250 has a single RF signal input labeled TEST PORT The input impedance is 50 Q The input frequency range is 25 MHz to 2500 MHz Figure 2 6 shows the location of the TEST PORT YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual 2 21 Connecting a Signal Figure 2 6 TEST PORT location To connect an antenna to the YBA250 WARNING To prevent personal injury from the effects of lightning do not connect this product to any source that might be subject to the effects of lightning Use your own good judgement and common sense You must protect yourself from the effects of lightning 1 Following your standard practice disconnect the antenna to be tested from the transmitter or receiver 2 Discharge the antenna short the center conductor to the cable ground shield 3 Connect one end of a precision cable to the antenna 4 Connect the other end of the precision cable to the TEST PORT on the YBA250 2 22 YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual a ena Measurement Overview YBA250 measurements are divided into two categories one port and two port measurements One Port Measurements One port measurements also known as r
40. where you took the test You will be saving the coordinates of your new location Selecting a Compatible GPS Receiver You can use any GPS receiver that supports NMEA 0183 V2 0 Specifically the GPS must output the GPRMC sentence on a regular basis The YBA250 application reads the GPS position from the GPS receiver once per second or at the rate the GPS receiver sends the GPRMC sentence whichever is slower Connecting through the Serial Port The GPS receiver can connect to the serial port 4800 baud rate The Garmin GPS III and Garmin GPS III Plus have been tested with the YBA250 application YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual 2 61 Configuring the Instrument 2 62 Connecting through the PCMCIA Slot The GPS receiver can connect through the PCMCIA slot and emulate a serial port on COM4 The Teletype GPS WorldNavigator product 1351 has been tested with the YBA250 application Setting Up YBA250 GPS receiver communications To set up the GPS receiver to work with the YBA250 1 Set your GPS receiver to regularly output NMEA sentences 2 Connect the GPS receiver by serial cable or through the PCMCIA slot to the NetTek Analyzer platform 3 In the YBA250 application tap the Edit button and then the Save amp Export tab 4 Select the correct GPS receiver interface type Serial or PCMCIA from the GPS Receiver drop down list The YBA250 displays the latitude and longitude just to the r
41. 0 then looks for the standard channel table file SignalStan dards txt in the NetTekApps YBA250 folder If that file is not found a dialog box will be displayed informing you that no standards file was found so a new channel table will be generated using internal default values Creating a Custom Channel Table To create a custom channel table 1 Locate the existing SignalStandards txt file in either the BuiltInDisk NetTekApps YBA250 folder or NetTekApps YBA250 folder only if the application software loaded into volatile memory instead of flash memory 2 Copy the SignalStandards txt file to the BuiltInDisk folder The YBA250 will look only in the BuiltInDisk folder for a custom channel table YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual G 1 Appendix G Customizing the Channel Table 3 Rename SignalStandards txt to UserStandards txt 4 Edit the contents of the file to suit your systems settings When editing your UserStandards txt file it is safer to copy a row and then edit the copied row to meet your requirements than to modify an existing row Table G 1 lists the elements of the Channel Table file Table G 1 Channel table file contents Column heading Description Standard Text Name The text string used to identify the standard This name is what appears in the Signal Standard list Each line in the channel table should describe a single group of channels for a standard If a standard is mad
42. 000 1xEVDO Class 5 NMT 20k 450 CDMA2000 1xEVDO Class 6 IMT 2000 CDMA2000 1xEVDO Class 7 N A 700 MHz Cellular CDMA2000 1xEVDO Class 8 GSM Band CDMA2000 1xEVDO Class 9 GSM Band CDMA2000 1xEVDO Class 10 SMR 800 Band YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual Channel numbers 0 1000 1329 2047 1 799 801 1039 1041 1199 1201 1600 0 599 1 300 539 871 1039 1473 1792 2016 0 1199 0 359 0 1499 0 699 0 719 720 919 F 5 Appendix F Supported Signal Standards F 6 YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual T Appendix G Customizing the Channel Table This appendix describes how to modify the Channel Table to meet your testing needs Customizing the Channel Table The Channel Table is a file used by the YBA250 to specify the characteristics of the channels assigned to a signal standard You can customize the Channel Table to suit the specific needs of your system For example if you have set the bandwidth of your channels to be wider than the standard bandwidth you can specify the wider bandwidth in a customized Channel Table If your system s channel bandwidth is non standard and the YBA250 is using the standard Channel Table the test frequency range based on the standard channel bandwidth will not be accurate for your system The YBA250 looks for a file named UserStandards txt in the BuiltInDisk folder when it starts up If it does not find the file the YBT25
43. 1 Settings to run diagnostics E 2 Figure E 2 Calibration window prior to calibration E 4 Figure E 3 Ready to perform calibration E 4 Figure E 4 Calibration window after calibration iS done oeiee adage eee ees ei eee eae es E 6 YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual vii Table of Contents Tables viii Table i Standard module accessories 44 xiii Table 1 1 Approximate battery charge times 1 9 Table 2 1 Status area icons cece cece wee eee 2 3 Table 2 2 Help window buttons cceeeees 2 4 Table 2 3 Command bar area buttons and icons 2 8 Table 2 4 Tuning control area buttons and icons 2 9 Table 2 5 Shared control area buttons and icons 2 10 Table 2 6 Instrument area buttons and icons 2 12 Table 2 7 The File menu 1 ccc eee eee eee eee 2 13 Table 2 8 The View menu eee eee eee eens 2 14 Table 2 9 The Setup menu ccc cee ecceceees 2 15 Table 2 10 The Tools menu 2 cee eee ee eee eee 2 16 Table 2 11 Calibration window elements 2 27 Table 2 12 Calibration Browser Fields 2 37 Table 2 13 Normalization window elements 2 41 Table 2 14 Performance versus Resolution 2 56 Table 3 1 Channel table file contents 3 21 Table 3 2 Trace type options cece wee wees 3 33 Tab
44. 1 2C 476C 54 00 k S10 0C 4 560 00 MHe 910 00 4 623660 0 849 600 9 0 26 000 A 661 600 WV 10 000 MHz w1 176 M7 _ 70 anaj M1 M ABE Mar gt 54 Min A 737 da Figure 3 6 Example of a Return Loss measurement Measurerrent Method Factory Calibration Wowk Fast A Auto Scale Trace 1 Normal T 3 00 2 8C 26C 24C 2 2 2 00 Lec LEC 14 1 20 k gt i a a er ai al i I ah i 1 0g Ea 1 bk 310 0C 4 560 00 WHe 910 004 825 600 0 849 603 9 0 26 000 WV 810 000 A 89 600 MHz M1 1 779 Me 1 149 M1 M7 0 140 May 7 1085 Min 100S VSWR Figure 3 7 Example of a VSWR measurement 3 10 YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual Measuring Return Loss and VSWR Measuring Cable Loss The YBA250 can measure the loss of a cable using a one port measurement method When measuring the loss of a cable you must terminate the other end of the cable with either a short or an open termination Cable loss measurements are not valid if the cable is connected to a load To measure the loss of a cable 1 2 3 Tap the Impedance button eg Select Cable Loss from the Measurement drop down list Connect one end of the cable to be tested to the YBA250 Test Port connector Connect either a short or an open termination to the other end of the cable Set the Output Power level if needed Select the signal standard from the drop down list located below the menu bar Set the start stop fr
45. 1 9 Opening the battery retainer 1 8 Figure 1 10 Installing removing a battery 1 8 Figure 1 11 NetTek Analyzer Platform tilt stand 1 16 Figure 1 12 Installing the tilt stand on multiple instrument modules cece cece cece ee eee 1 17 Figure 1 13 NetTek Analyzer Platform shoulder strap and Strand hook 40 44 0036 ine takai ada ad kde 1 18 Figure 2 1 The YBA250 display 0008 2 5 Figure 2 2 Setting the StartUp Application 2 6 Figure 2 3 YBA250 user interface elements 2 7 Figure 2 4 The Soft Keyboard 0ee 000s 2 17 Figure 2 5 How to attach a precision connector 2 21 Figure 2 6 TEST PORT location 6 2 22 Figure 2 7 The Calibration window 6 2 26 Figure 2 8 Precision terminations from YBAC1 Calibration Kit sin 03 s6b esd beh eye heaeee ele oeGas 2 28 Figure 2 9 Ready to perform calibration 2 29 Figure 2 10 Calibration window after calibration IS CONG 55 4 sec aewer pate oie eee h se ulaw sae we eee 2 31 YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual v Table of Contents vi Figure 2 11 Ready to perform calibration with cable 2 32 Figure 2 12 Calibration window after calibration IS done 4c eeu sed eared he de tea eas oss 2 33 Figure 2 13 Calibration browser window 2 35 Figure 2 14 The Calibration window
46. 2 17 Normalization Browser window 2 Select the file slot in which to save the normalization data Unused slot are indicated with dashes To replace an existing User normalization file select the file name to replace YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual 2 47 Calibration and Normalization 3 Tap the Continue button to display the Save Normalization window Save Normalization New Fajusr2 Date 11 2 2004 Temperature 33 deg T Start Stop Freq 30 00 165 00 MHz Output Power Lyi 20 dBm YBA250 S N Boid100 YBT 250 S N BOOOOL Additional Information Figure 2 18 Save Normalization window 4 Enter a file name in the Name field The file name can have a maximum of 31 alpha numeric characters including spaces Use an external keyboard or tap the keyboard icon to display a touch screen keyboard Tap the keyboard icon in the task bar to close the keyboard 5 Enter any other necessary descriptive text in the Additional Information field 6 Tap OK to save the file to the specified name Loading a User Normalization 1 To load a User normalization file do the following 2 Tap the Insertion Gain Loss button 3 Tap the Normalization button 2 48 YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual Calibration and Normalization 4 Tap the Load Saved Normalization button to display the Load Saved Normalization window Load Saved Normalization Select
47. 2 Electrostatic Discharge Immunity Performance Criterion B IEC 61000 4 3 Radiated RF Electromagnetic Field Immunity Performance Criterion A IEC 61000 4 4 Electrical Fast Transient Burst Immunity Performance Criterion B IEC 61000 4 5 Power Line Surge Immunity Performance Criterion B IEC 61000 4 64 Conducted RF Immunity Performance Criterion A IEC 61000 4 11 Voltage Dips and Short Interruptions Immunity Performance Criterion B YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual A 9 Appendix A Specifications Table A 8 Electromagnetic compatibility EMC cont Category Standards or description Australia New Zealand Complies with EMC Framework and demonstrated per Emission Declaration of standard Conformity EMC AS NZS 2064 Industrial Scientific and Medical Equipment Compliance demonstrated using high quality shielded interface cables 2 Minimum immunity test requirement 3 No degradation of a displayed return loss of 20 dB when exposed to a 3 V m field over the frequency range of 80 MHz 1 GHz Test port connected to a high quality 3 meter coaxial cable Tektronix part number 012 1619 00 and a high quality 10 12 dB attenuator terminated in a microwave short 4 No degradation of a displayed return loss of 20 dB when a 3 Vrms signal is injected into the AC power lines of the External Power Supply over the frequency range of 150 kHz 80 MHz Test port conne
48. 250 software if it is loaded in volatile memory user setups and measurement data not saved to nonvolatile memory For information on how to save these items to nonvolatile memory 1 Select Start gt Help 2 In the Help window select Tektronix Basics 3 Select Store Data in Nonvolatile Memory The next time you press the front panel power switch the NetTek Analyzer Platform cycles through the complete power up process taking about 30 seconds to completely power up Restart Software Reset If the NetTek Analyzer Platform or YBA250 application stops responding correctly try performing a restart to clear the problem To restart the YBA250 do the following 1 Select Start gt Programs gt Shutdown 2 In the Shut Down dialog box select Restart The display blanks for approximately five seconds The YBA250 software reloads and restarts A restart does not empty volatile memory YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual 1 13 Getting Started Front Panel Power Switch Depending on the current state of the NetTek Analyzer Platform pressing the front panel power switch performs one of the following functions m Ifthe NetTek Analyzer Platform is shut down powers on the instrument m Ifthe NetTek Analyzer Platform is operating initiates Suspend mode m Ifthe NetTek Analyzer Platform is in Suspend mode cancels Suspend mode and activates the YBA250 m Ifthe analyzer is in PowerSaver mode touc
49. A250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual 3 67 Saving and Recalling Results Screens and Setups Name Measurement Name Timestamp Calibration in use Cal set name Calibration timestamp Technician Note for saved results Message Output power Start Freq Hz Stop Freq Hz Vert Scale Min dB Vert Scale Max dB Trace 1 mode Trace 2 on Trace 2 mode Mask test enabled Mask Filename Mask Limit Test Measurement Method Trace 1 return loss data 0 014 0 023 0 029 Value Units Pass Fail Frequency 10 3 02 7 20 31 PM Factory Factory cal set 1 10 02 5 30 12 PM Trip Tucker test of NX 01 primary antenna High 25000000 2500000000 10 40 Normal False Normal False BuiltInDisk YBA250 AppData Results rimask1 hdb Pass Return Loss Fast Trace 1 VSWR data 99 010 99 010 99 010 Figure 3 31 Example of an Exported Results file Saving Setups The YBA250 can save its settings in Setup files for later recall Recalling a saved setup changes the YBA250 settings to match those in the saved setup Using saved setups minimizes your setup time in the field and helps to ensure more consistent measurement results For example you could save a setup for measuring return loss on a 3 68 specific frequency band YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual Saving and Recalling Results Screens and Setups The saved setup contains the measurement settings as well as all
50. Analyzer User Manual Saving and Recalling Results Screens and Setups Recalling Measurement Results You can recall saved measurement results for display When saved measurement results are displayed the display appears just as it did when the measurement was saved except for the status area of the control bar To recall measurement results for display 1 Select File gt Open 2 Locate the directory that contains the measurement results file the default is BuiltInDisk YBA250 AppData Results 3 Select the results file to recall and tap OK The instrument displays the saved results Saved Data icon indicates recalled results are displayed To restart acquisition Date and time tap the Start button result was saved N File View Setup Toos E Eero e c 11 2 2004 10 30 31 am A COMA US Celular apts chan 210 00 Fj te910 00 gM Measurement Method F Eacto Calibration i Return Loss Fast F Tado l i Auto Scale Trace 1 Normal x ne dea Y 10 00 DF 2 80 9 20 E gt 15 60 Y WA 22 00 foo 28 40 PEN Stop MHz 34 80 10 00 l 41 20 EEE 47 50 54 00 bk 610 00 4 560 00 MHz 910 00 4 823 600 0 849 600 O40 26 000 A 659 600 V 810 000 MHz Roly M1 18 617 M2 _20 040 M1 M2 1 583 Max 48 277 Min 8 569 db Figure 3 29 Example of a recalled results display YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual 3 63 Saving and Recalling Results Screens and Setups
51. Close Only one version of an application may be loaded at a time Figure 2 2 Setting the StartUp Application 2 6 YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual Operating Basics YBA250 User Interface Elements ves Command Bar File View Setup Tools Measurement he Calibrat i etm oss E Fest M Eactory Celbration Mf 2 Tuning Controls Auto Scale Trace 1 Normal ed 10 00 3 60 2 80 9 20 15 60 22 00 28 40 34 80 41 20 47 60 54 00 k 10 00 823 600 0 849 600 ovo 265 000 859 600 Y 810 000 MHz M1 M2 1 5853 Mix 40 277 Min 8 569 db Instrument Area Shared Control Area Figure 2 3 YBA250 user interface elements Command Bar This area contains the menu bar and some instrument control buttons This area is always visible m Tuning Controls Area This area contains the controls used to specify the signal standard and measurement frequency This area is always visible m Shared Control Area This is where the instrument function buttons appear and the input box appears This area is always visible Instrument Area This is where the waveforms are displayed and measurement results appear The appearance of this area changes depending on the instrument function YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual 2 7 Operating Basics 2 8 Command Bar Area Table 2 3 describes the elements of the Command Bar Area of the display Table 2 3
52. Command bar area buttons and icons Button Icon File View Setup Tools E l b Running WITT a Function These are the application menus Save button Saves latest measurement results to a file Edit button Displays the Setup window which enables you to edit the YBA250 setup Open button Displays the Open dialog box which enables you to select a saved YBA250 setup to load Replaces Edit button when Hide Setup Controls is selected Continuous measurement button Sets the YBA250 to take continuous measurements Single measurement button Sets the YBA250 to take a single measurement Pause button Pauses trace acquisition stops measurements Restart Play button Starts Restarts trace acquisition Acquisition active bar Shows that the YBA250 is acquiring measurements The number of vertical bars displayed cycles to indicate measurements are in progress Recalled data icon Shown when displaying recalled data Stop icon Shown when the measurements are paused YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual Operating Basics Table 2 3 Command bar area buttons and icons Cont Button Icon Function Timestamp Shows the time and date the displayed results were acquired not present on live displays Displays the YBA250 Online Help 2 1 02 6 35 02 PM Tuning Control Area Table 2 4 describes the elements of the Tuning Control Area of the display Tabl
53. DAMAGES IRRESPECTIVE OF WHETHER TEKTRONIX OR THE VENDOR HAS ADVANCE NOTICE OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES Table of Contents Prefaces i asc o s amp san aed Sh AeA NES wo eee SIRS R ORES xi Product Overview sics po tecet Cae apa RODS Ra xl About this Manial corresse sebane Dons a EE RaR xiii Additional Information amp 24 4 6ess a4escawwaa sda nenene XIV CONVENTIONS aseron aca badeu santo a anok ee skeoney XIV Software Version oos erco rria aw etawhda ke wews yee ls XIV Contacting Tektronix cad poi deiend yp edeeavese EEE NESER XV General Safety Summary 0 cece cece ee ees xvii Getting Started The NetTek Analyzer Platform 24 53 66 sieyawreeevavas eae 1 1 YBA250 Input Connector 2 4cc0 daa w seen eae Sau senno 1 3 Installing and Removing a Module 0008 1 4 Connecting External Power Supplies 04 1 6 Batteries mer rin pears ye keine eae awe eae eee RG ey 1 7 Powering On the Instrument 0 0 0c cee eee 1 11 Calibrating the Touch Screen Display 04 1 11 Powering Off the Instrument i lt o2sssan vehed aaa xia bo ee 1 12 Preventing Personal Injury from the Effects of Lightning 1 14 Attaching Accessories tr5 5 5 a5 Avia dite ettile crore beth maton we eae 1 16 Operating Basics Navigating the Desktop lt 44 v ceenas bates Sauk Genet oe 2 1 Getting Help acta agree eine mee ives Ae aha S 2 4 Starting the YBA250 Software 0 0 2 c eee eee 2 5 S
54. Glossary 2 View menu 2 14 VSWR 3 8 Glossary 2 W Web site address Tektronix xv weight A 7 Windowing setting 3 22 Index 6 YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual
55. M2 marker display Measuring Return Loss or VSWR Differences Between Two Traces When Trace 2 is displayed you can measure the difference in Return Loss and VSWR between points on two traces 1 If Trace 2 is not displayed select View gt Trace 2 2 Display the markers by selecting View gt Markers 3 Specify the location of the markers by choosing one of the menu selections shown in Table 3 4 from the View menu 4 Tap the M1 readout This assigns the marker to the control knob and to the touch screen in the display area 5 Tap the display where you want to place the marker You can also use the knob to position the marker 6 Tap the M2 readout This assigns the marker to the knob and to the touch screen in the display area 7 Tap the display where you want to place the marker You can also use the knob to position the marker 8 Read the difference in frequency and level at the right side of the marker display YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual Using Markers and Band Edge Cursors Band Edge Cursors The Band Edge cursors identify the start and stop frequencies for the transmit and receive bands of the selected standard See Figure 3 26 Caia 1 18 4 116 4 1 144 1 12 4 Lio 108 1 06 1 04 1 02 Band Edge Cursors Figure 3 26 Band Edge Cursor displayed There are two parts to the cursors the main part appears in the main trace d
56. Measurement Results The YBA250 enables you to save a measurement result to a file for later recall Saving measurement results is meant for use in reproducing a display at a later time When results are recalled they appear in the display just as they did when saved To use measure ment data results in another program for analysis or generating a report use the Export Results function see page 3 64 YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual 3 61 Saving and Recalling Results Screens and Setups To save measurement results 1 2 5 Take the measurement you want to save Select File gt Save Results Save Results appears only when the Measure window is selected Save Trace appears when the Spectrum and Interference windows are selected Select the folder where you want to save the results Type a name for the file Tap in the taskbar to display the soft keyboard Tap again to hide the keyboard when you are finished Tap OK to save the file What is Saved in a Measurement Results File The following information is saved in the results file for each included measurement Name of the measurement Measurement results and units Time and date of the measurement Additional information saved in a results file includes 3 62 Technician name User notes Setup information that is visible in the results display Error information if errors were present YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line
57. Return Loss is a ratio of the power sent to the antenna versus the power reflected by the antenna A larger Return Loss is better because less power is reflected Reverse Frequency The frequency the mobile unit uses to transmit to the base station Also called uplink frequency reverse channel or uplink channel Span The frequency range covered by the display graph TMA Acronym for Tower Mounted Amplifier Two Port Measurement Two port measurements also known as transmission measurements provide insertion gain and loss measurements such as filter response loss versus frequency and tower mounted amplifier TMA gain versus frequency Both a YBA250 and YBT250 module must be installed on the NetTek Analyzer to perform two port Insertion Gain Loss measurements The YBA250 module injects a signal into the device or system under test and the YBT250 module receives and measures the resultant signal Velocity of Propagation The Velocity of Propagation is the velocity at which a signal travels through the cable Velocity of propagation is expressed as a fraction of the speed of light A Velocity of Propaga tion equal to 1 means that the signal is traveling down the cable at the speed of light A Velocity of Propagation equal to 0 5 means that the signal is traveling down the cable at half the speed of light VSWR VSWR Voltage Standing Wave Ratio is a measure of the ratio of the maximum resultant voltage to the minimum resultant voltage
58. YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual 2 11 Operating Basics 2 12 Instrument Area Icons and buttons in the Instrument Area of the display change depending on the selected function Table 2 6 describes the buttons and icons that appear in the instrument area For descriptions of marker buttons and icons see page 3 45 Table 2 6 Instrument area buttons and icons Button Function Measurement Measurement list Lists the type of measure VOWR ments available in the current window Auto Scale Auto Scale button Automatically adjusts the vertical scale to achieve the best display User Calibration Normalization status Shows the current Calibration or Normalization status Calibration button Displays the Calibration dialog where you can create specify the calibration set to be used for one port measurements Available when Impedence or Distance measurement windows are selected Normalization button Displays the normal ization dialog where you can create or load the normalization set to be used for two port measurements Available when the Insertion Gain Loss measurement window is selected Trace order button Rotates the order of the traces in the display and displays Trace 2 if it is not already displayed k 510 00 Graph start field Indicates and changes the start frequency or distance of the graph aigo d Graph stop field Indicates and changes the stop frequency or distance of the g
59. a and Transmission Line Analyzer Navigating the Desktop The NetTek Analyzer Platform desktop is your primary workspace Use the desktop to configure hardware and software adjust settings establish communications and access built in applications Desktop Icon gt 2 ments A je oO zE z7 m B E pE Shutdown ELS Pee 2 11PM Taskbar YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual 2 1 Operating Basics 2 2 Icons Double tap desktop icons to open folders or to start programs Taskbar The Taskbar contains the Start menu buttons to identify the programs you are running a status area and a desktop icon Start menu Desktop button start E veazso Lo Yim 2 33PM Program button Status area Start Menu Use the Start menu to load and run other instrument modules and other programs access settings open documents and obtain help Select tap Start to open the menu then select the entry you want IF Programs y Favorites gt O Documents E Settings amp Help Run ae Start f Tap Start to display the menu Program Buttons To hide a program that is running tap its taskbar button To restore the program tap the button again Status Area Icons and buttons appearing in this area indicate status activate features or open settings windows Double tap the icons for further information YBA250 Antenna and Transmi
60. a and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual Getting Started To install the tilt stand with two or more instrument modules attached use the provided storage pack spacers as shown in Figure 1 12 Spacer s e a A Velcro fastener ae P Tilt stand P a ws MN FX ig SIS Mies TK C Sat Instrument module T LO Additional TR a instrument module N Figure 1 12 Installing the tilt stand on multiple instrument modules YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual 1 17 Getting Started Installing the Shoulder Strap and Strand Hook Use the shoulder strap to carry the NetTek Analyzer Platform to the job site Install the strap on the instrument as shown in Figure 1 13 You can also install the strap on the soft case Use the Strand hook to hang the instrument from a wire strand ladder or other support Install the strand hook as shown in Figure 1 13 CAUTION The NetTek Analyzer Platform can weigh in excess of J 12 kg 25 lbs depending on the number of batteries and instrument modules installed Use caution when hanging the instrument from any support Figure 1 13 NetTek Analyzer Platform shoulder strap and strand hook 1 18 YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual i 7 aaa Operating Basics Operating Basics This section explains the essential things you need to know to before operating the YBA250 Antenn
61. a normalization to load rgj usrnorm 1 unusable 38 C 30 00 826 98 3 10 12 2004 rgj usr2 unusable 390 30 00 8265 98 3 1 22 2005 rg norm3 no 40C 30 00 826 98 3 1 26 2005 Current Conditions 30C 30 00 165 00 20 11 2 2004 Additional Information Loading a saved normalization will change the start stop frequencies and output pwer level Figure 2 19 Load Saved Normalization window 5 Select the file from which to load the normalization data Tap the Additional Information button to display more information about the file 6 Tap OK to load the selected User normalization file into the instrument NOTE Loading a normalization sets the instrument start stop frequency and output power level values to those stored in the normalization Other instrument settings including measurement standard measurement type and measurement method do not change when loading a normalization YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual 2 49 Calibration and Normalization Normalization Guidelines 2 50 Two port User normalizations created for a specific frequency range and power output provide the most accurate two port insertion gain and loss measurements The YBA250 does not ship with any User normalizations You can create User normalizations any time before taking measure ments For best accuracy create a new User normalization on site before taking measurements The Default normalization i
62. along a transmission line It represents the amount of impedance mismatch between the transmission line and the load For VSWR the lower the number the better The best possible VSWR is 1 0 which means the impedance of a transmission line and its load match perfectly Glossary 2 YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual hy Index Index A a02 a06 file extensions 3 40 Address Tektronix xv attaching precision connectors and cables 2 20 Average trace type 3 33 Band Edge Cursor 3 49 View menu 2 15 BATTERIES indicator 1 2 battery installing 1 7 battery life A 7 bias tee connection notes 3 29 connector and power supply 3 29 BMP Glossary 1 BTS Glossary 1 button rotate traces 3 38 buttons Chan 3 4 command bar area 2 8 help 2 4 program 2 2 shared control area 2 10 tuning control area 2 9 2 12 C cable loss 3 11 Glossary 1 cable standards table customizing 3 20 cable type user defined 3 19 Cable Types tab 3 17 calibration 2 25 calibration guidelines 2 38 calibration interval A 7 cellular standards supported F 1 Center frequency setting 3 16 Chan button 3 4 changing vertical scale units 3 16 channel table G 1 customizing G 1 Compare Save command File menu 2 13 Compare Saved command 3 39 comparing traces 3 38 connecting to an antenna 2 21 connecting to TMA 3 28 connector input 1 3 Contacting Tektronix xv Continuous button 2 8 controls fr
63. amic range components such as circulators filters tower mounted amplifiers TMA and directional couplers Two port loss measurements are more accurate than one port measurements YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual 3 25 Measuring Insertion Gain and Loss The Insertion Gain Loss Window Tap the Insertion Gain Loss button P to display the Insertion Gain Loss window Figure 3 15 E r gt gt purring im 2 AMPS EIA 553 e we Chan 1700 00 HR 2200 00 quM Measurement Method z ser Normalzation insertion Loss F Normal z Y Trace 1 Normal bad REA 9 0 7 7 r Sa om 3 ee 18 00 27 00 4 f 36 00 i AT 45 00 Seo H 63 00 4 a Getitotenecpeasnacansg poscenscaddeasencreds ae a aa mere Start MHz 72 00 4 81 00 j es 1700 00 4 4950 00 MHz 2200 00 e 3 Output Power Level Avg Insertion Loss 39 26 dB dam Fl 1900 000 s o 119 800 A 2199 200 Y 1965 200 MHz e m 18 565 M2 18 684 m1 m2 0 119 Max 71 175 Mn 1 248 dB Figure 3 15 The Return Gain Loss window Measuring Insertion Gain or Loss 3 26 Requirements m Botha YBT250 and a YBA250 module must be installed on the NetTek Analyzer The YBT250 should be the outermost installed module m The precision cables and attenuators used to create the Default or User normalizations See page 2 40 for information on creating and using normalizations
64. ams gt NetTek gt YBA250 Figure 2 1 shows a typical YBA250 application display File View Setup Tools fl r of 11 2 2004 10 30 31 am 2 COMA US Celular wish chan f810 00 le 210 00 pi Me Measurement Method Facto Calibration i Return Loss lr Fast sa ji a 4 v ER Auto Scale Trace 1 Normal een 10 00 2 80 9 20 Ta 15 60 iad Va 22 00 a AM pami Stop MHz 28 40 34 80 910 00 Pee 41 20 47 60 54 00 kis10 00 4 860 00 MHz 910 00 4 823 600 ovo 26 000 A 859 600 V 810 000 MHz aly M1 18 617 M2 _20 040 M1 M2 1 583 Max 48 277 Min 8 569 db atstat E e20 LF OE 11 02AM E Figure 2 1 The YBA250 display YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual 2 5 Operating Basics Setting the YBA250 Software to Load at Startup If you purchased your YBA250 as a module to use on an existing NetTek Analyzer Platform you may want to set the YBA250 to load at startup To set the YBA250 as the startup application 1 Select Start gt Programs gt Tektronix Utilities gt System Configuration 2 On the Software tab select the StartUp checkbox for the YBA250 See Figure 2 2 3 Close the System Configuration window The next time the NetTek Analyzer Platform is powered on the YBA250 software will start up automatically System Configuration x Software Hardware Application Name Version Module Status YBA250 1 100 al Loaded ALL
65. an define your own cable type To create a user defined cable type you need to know the velocity of propaga tion and cable loss characteristics of your cable To create a user defined cable type 1 Tap the Edit button 2 Tap the Distance Options tab See Figure 3 10 3 On the Distance Options tab select User defined from the Type drop down list 4 Tap the Define button to display the User Defined Cable dialog See Figure 3 13 User Defined Cable This information is available from the cable s specification sheet Velocity 1 a Loss f galako Halm A afo 344 te Figure 3 13 User Defined Cable window 5 To specify the velocity of propagation tap the numeric keypad button next to the Velocity entry box Enter a number between 0 1 and 1 Tap OK when you have entered the number 6 To specify the cable loss first tap the numeric keypad button next to the Loss entry box Enter a number between 0 and 100 Fractional values are acceptable Tap OK when you have entered the number YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual 3 19 Measuring the Distance to a Fault 7 To specify the distance at which the cable loss is specified tap the numeric keypad button to the right of dB Enter a number for the distance Tap OK when you have entered the number 8 Tap the drop down list there is only one to specify the unit distance either ft feet or m meters 9 To specify the frequen
66. ancel Help Figure 2 20 The Signal Standards tab of the Options window YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual 2 53 Configuring the Instrument 3 To enable a signal standard tap the name of the standard you want to enable and then tap Add gt gt 4 When you have enabled all the standards you will be testing tap OK Only enabled standards are displayed in the Signal Standards drop down list Setting the Output Power Level You can set the output power used for Calibration Return Loss Distance to Fault and Cable Loss measurements to either Low or High power The default setting is High The advantage of the High power setting is that it makes measurements more immune to interference from other signal sources The advantage of the Low power setting is that it is less likely to disrupt calls on other transmitters The High power setting is also a good choice when testing long cables or cables with a high cable loss value If you are trying to measure cable with an active device on it you may need to chose the Low power setting to avoid over driving the active device To set the Output Power level 1 Tap the Edit button or select Setup gt Edit from the menu bar 2 Tap the General tab 3 Select the option button for Low power or High Power See Figure 2 21 2 54 YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual Configuring the Instrument Distance Units Number of Averag
67. anual 3 59 Mask Testing 3 60 YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual Sea sac SE Saving and Recalling Results Screens and Setups The YBA250 can save measurement results and screens screen captures for later recall or for transfer to a PC You can also set up the YBA250 for specific tests and save the setup to a file for later recall saving you time when making measurements in the field When saving files it is important to save the files in the correct location There are two types of memory in the YBA250 Volatile memory is memory that loses data when power is removed Non volatile memory retains data when power is removed When the YBA250 is powered down any data stored in volatile memory is lost Only data stored in non volatile memory is retained when the YBA250 is powered down On the YBA250 the BuiltInDisk folder and associated sub folders is the only folder maintained in non volatile memory When saving results screens or setups be sure to save them to a folder located within the BuiltInDisk folder The default folder for saved results is BuiltInDisk YBA250 AppData Results The default folder for saved screens is BuiltInDisk YBA250 AppData Results The default folder for saved setups is BuiltInDisk YBA250 AppDa ta Settings Because these locations are all located within the BuiltInDisk directory any data saved there is maintained after the NetTek Analyzer Platform is powered down Saving
68. ar Set the specific start stop frequencies using any of the following methods Tap the Channel button to set the frequency span to a specific channel The YBA250 centers the display at the center frequency of the selected channel and sets the span to twice the bandwidth specified by the signal standard or 1 5 MHz whichever is greater If a Forward Reverse Both button is selected it is taken into account when the Start and Stop frequencies are set After you have selected a channel tap OK Enter the Start and Stop frequencies in the frequency fields adjacent to the Channel button by using the numeric keypads or the knob To measure across just the forward or reverse bands tap the Forward or Reverse button To measure across both the Forward and Reverse bands tap the Both button Select the signal power output level from the Power Output Level list Tap the Normalization button YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual 2 45 Calibration and Normalization 2 46 7 Tap the Create User Normalization button to display the User Normalization Step 1 window Verify the settings in the window if they are incorrect exit the window and enter the correct settings 8 If the settings are correct tap Continue Follow the User Normalization Step 2 window instructions and diagram to connect the precision cables and attenuators between the YBA250 and YBT250 modules NOTE Make sure to use the same cable
69. ard Reverse frequency separation Description The signal bandwidth If the signal to be measured is 100 kHz wide but the channels are spaced 200 kHz apart then this field should contain 100000 The starting channel number for a block of channels The ending channel number for a block of channels If the channels increment by 1 then a 1 goes in here If by 2 then a 2 goes in here If by 5 Sets the spacing between channels For instance if you have a standard that has signals that are 100 kHz wide but the channels in you system are spaced 200 kHz apart then this field should contain 200000 Offset applied to channel number before calculating the channel frequency from the channel number Must be between 0 and 400 It is used to tie multiple blocks of channels together into a single standard A block of channels is a single row in the channel table file 1 CDMAOne 2 AMPS 3 TDMA 18136 4 GSM 5 W CDMA UMTS 6 CDMA 2000 10 1xEVDO 998 NO_MEAS ANALOG 999 NO_MEAS DIGITAL For signal standards that specify a single frequency for each channel for example the UTRA FDD scheme used by WCDM UMTS this entry specifies the difference in frequency between a forward channel and its corresponding reverse channel For signal standards that specify forward and reverse frequencies for each channel most standards this entry is left blank YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual G 3 Appen
70. ation The User normalization is more than seven days old m The internal temperature of either module has changed more than 5 C 9 F from the temperature values in the User normalization Default indicates that the YBA250 is using the Default normaliza tion set The YBA250 automatically replaces the current User normalization set with the Default normalization set and changes the normalization status from User or User to Default under any of the following conditions m New frequency start and or stop values were entered that are different than those in the User normalization m Anew power output level value was entered that is different than the one in the User normalization YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual 2 43 Calibration and Normalization 2 44 UnNormalized indicates one of the following m Neither a User or Default normalization set is loaded m Either or both YBA250 or YBT250 modules were replaced with a different serial numbered module m The YBA250 module determines that the available Default normalization is not usable with the current module configura tion NOTE The Default normalization is always usable when used with the same YBA250 YBT250 module combination used to create the default normalization The Default normalization is also usable when the creation date is older than seven days or the module temperature exceeds the above limits Creating a Default Normal
71. ature of the YBA250 at the time the calibration was performed The date the calibration was performed A line below the list of saved calibration sets that lists current conditions Output level Either High or Low Temperature Current temperature in degrees Celsius Date The current date set on the NetTek Analyzer Platform Time The time on the NetTek Analyzer Platform when the Calibration Browser was opened Calibration Guidelines m Calibration is most sensitive to changes in temperature When the YBA250 senses its internal temperature has changed more than 10 C 18 F from its temperature at the last calibration it changes the calibration status to User Cal to inform you that you should perform a calibration to ensure the most accurate measurements You can choose not to perform the calibration and still make measurements but the results may not be as be accurate as measurements performed with a valid calibration m A calibration is performed across the entire frequency range of the YBA250 so if you change the measurement frequency range or the start stop frequencies you do not need to recalibrate the YBA250 YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual Calibration and Normalization m If you change the power level setting from that of the current calibration set you should perform a calibration See General Tab for information on changing the power level m To achieve the most accurate res
72. ble Connecting to a Tower Mounted Amplifier TMA CAUTION Please check your country s laws regarding transmitters before using the NetTek Analyzer to transmit a test signal To connect the NetTek Analyzer to a TMA to perform insertion gain or loss measurements perform the following procedure YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual Measuring Insertion Gain and Loss Requirements m A Bias Tee connector m A Bias Tee power supply m The same precision cables and attenuators used to create the Default and or User normalization NOTE Bias tees designed for TMAs often contain 1 4 wave shorting stubs and gas discharge tubes for protection These protection circuits can affect the accuracy of the measurement and can cause peaks and dips in the waveform Use a wideband bias tee without protection circuits such as Tektronix part number 015 0718 00 to avoid or reduce this problem 1 Connect the YBA250 TEST PORT to the TMA Antenna input port using the same cable and attenuator used to create the normalization 2 Connect the Bias Tee to the attenuator on the YBT250 RF INPUT Use the same attenuator used to create the normalization 3 Connect the Bias Tee to the BTS connector on the TMA using the same cable used to create the normalization 4 Connect the Bias Tee power supply to the Bias Tee TMA Bias Tee Connection Notes m Check that the bias tee power supply voltage and polarity rating are
73. bled False Mask Filename Bui lt InDisk YBA250 AppData Results rimask1 hdb Mask Limit Test Pass Measurement Return Loss Method Fast Trace 1 return loss data Trace 1 VSWR data 0 014 99 010 0 023 99 010 0 029 99 010 Figure 3 30 Sample Exported Results file NOTE The Technician name and User notes are entered from the Save amp Export page of the Setup dialog see page 2 58 Exporting a Screen The YBA250 can export an image of the screen for use in other programs such as Microsoft Word An exported screen is a graphic image of the YBA250 display A screen can be saved in three formats BMP JPEG and PNG An exported screen cannot be displayed by the YBA250 it can be viewed only by a program that can display graphic images To export a screen image 1 Select File gt Export Screen As 2 Select the image format from the Type list 3 Enter a name for the file 4 Choose the location where the file should be saved 5 Tap OK to save the file YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual 3 65 Saving and Recalling Results Screens and Setups Differences Between Exported Screens and Results Although an exported screen and an exported results file might seem as though they are the same thing they are significantly different You can think of an exported screen as a photograph of the YBA250 display A saved or exported results file contains information about the displayed signal Table 3 6 s
74. ce open and press Open Open short Connect the reference short and press Short Short rLoad Connect the reference load and press Load len wo Figure E 3 Ready to perform calibration E 4 YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual Appendix E Functional Verification Procedure 8 Carefully attach the OPEN calibration standard to the Test Port connector using the procedure described on page 2 20 9 Tap the Open button in the Calibration at Test Port window When the calibration is completed Done appears above the Open button 10 Remove the OPEN calibration standard from the Test Port connector 11 Carefully attach the SHORT calibration standard to the Test Port connector 12 Tap the Short button in the New Calibration window When the calibration is completed Done appears above the Short button 13 Remove the SHORT calibration standard from the Test Port connector 14 Carefully attach the LOAD calibration standard to the Test Port connector 15 Tap the Load button When the calibration is completed Done appears above the Load button 16 Carefully remove the LOAD calibration standard from the Test Port connector 17 Once calibration has been completed for all three standards tap the OK button The OK button is not selectable until all three calibration standards have been marked as done See Figure E 4 YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual E 5 Ap
75. cify the test frequency range available for taking measurements Before you begin using the YBA250 you should add the signal standards you need for your testing to the standards list Signal standards are selected from the Options window To add a signal standard to the Signal Standard list 1 Select Tools gt Options 2 Tap the Signal Standards tab to display the window shown in Figure 3 1 The Signal Standards supported list left side of window lists all available standards Cable Types Signal Standards Setup Menu Preferences Enable Standards for the signals you will typically measure with this instrument Signal Standards supported Signal Standards enabled AMPS EIA 553 C 450 SA COMA US Cellular CDMA China 1 ESM 900 CDMA China 2 z CDMA Japan Add gt gt CDMA Korea PCS CDMA US PCS cdma2k 0 Korea cama k 0 N A Cellular bette lt lt cdma2k 1 N A PCS cdma2k 2 TACS Band cdma2k 3 ITACS Band x eo e e Figure 3 1 The Signal Standards tab of the Options window 3 Tap the name of the standard to enable in the Signal Standards supported list YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual 3 1 Setting the Signal Standards and Test Frequency Range 4 Tap Add gt gt This moves the standard name from one list to the other 5 Repeat steps 3 and 4 until you have added all necessary signal standards to the list 6 When you have enabled all the standards yo
76. cks Type N to Type N 0 01 TO 12 4 GHz Audio Interference Suppressors 436 0416 00 Shelf Utility Magnetic 11 5 H X 15 0 W X 0 25 D Safety Controlled YBAC1 Calibration Kit YBAC2 Two Port Normalization Kit 015 0718 00 Bias Tee broad band 2 5 to 6000 MHz RF Male N Type RF DC Female N Type DC Female BNC 119 7017 00 Power Supply External Desktop 50W 12VDC 4 1A Out 90 254 VAC 47 63 HZ In 012 1686 00 Adaptor Molex 39 01 3029 to Male BNC For the most current list of accessories please see the Tektronix website www tektronix com B 2 YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual i A Appendix C Options Table C 1 lists the configuration option available for the YBA250 Table C 1 Configuration option Option Option 88 Description Add NetTek Analyzer Platform YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual C 1 Appendix C Options C 2 YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual ny eee Appendix D Upgrading Reinstalling Software To upgrade or reinstall software for your YBA250 you will need a Windows PC On screen installation instructions will guide you through connecting to the NetTek Analyzer Platform and upgrading or reinstalling the YBA250 software To upgrade or reinstall software for your YBA250 1 Insert the YBA250 Installation SW CD ROM Tektronix part number 063 3554 XX into your PC and follow the on screen instructions that appear 2 If n
77. cted to a high quality 10 12 dB attenuator terminated in a microwave short A 10 YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual E a ees Appendix B Accessories This section lists the YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer standard and optional accessories Standard Accessories Table B 1 lists the accessories that come standard with your YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer Table B 1 Standard accessories Quantity Description 1 each 016 1868 00 Accessory Pouch 1 each Connector Dust Cover 1 each 020 2428 XX Documentation kit containing YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User manual English with CD ROM containing software and User Manual in PDF format YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual B 1 Appendix B Accessories Optional Accessories Table B 2 lists optional accessories you can purchase for your YBA250 Contact your Tektronix representative or distributor for ordering information See page xv for further information on contacting Tektronix Table B 2 Optional accessories Part number Description 012 1619 00 Precision cable assembly 120 0 inches 3 05 meters 103 0429 00 Adapter Type N Female to Type N Female 50 ohms DC 18 GHz 103 0430 00 Adapter Type N Male to Type N Male DC 18 GHz 103 0431 00 Adapter Type 7 16 Female to Type N Female DC 7 5 GHz 103 0432 00 Adapter Type 7 16 Male to Type N Female DC 7 5 GHz 119 6598 00 DC Blo
78. ctors often have six fingers instead of the four fingers common on less expensive connectors Precision cables are specially constructed to have an exact 50 ohm impedance However the only real way to tell if a connector is a precision one is to know the VSWR and loss specifications over the frequency range to be measured While the loss specification is important to accurate measurements the VSWR of the cable is critical How cables and connectors affect measurements Reflection measurements are usually made as a comparison of the unknown device being measured to a known standard This standard is assumed to be perfect Any non precision cable can dramatically affect a reflection measurement The higher the frequency of measurement the worse the degradation will likely be There are two distinct types of errors introduced by a cable The first error is simply the reflection and loss of the cable itself This usually causes a device being tested to seem to have a worse VSWR or Return Loss than it really does YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual 2 19 Connecting a Signal The second type of error is the change in reflection phase or loss of the cable as it is flexed or bent This causes readings to change as the jumper is bent particularly for measurements of antennas with good VSWR Any non precision connector also affects reflection measurements The effect non precision connectors have is to decrease
79. cy at which the cable loss is specified tap the numeric keypad button next to MHz Enter a number between 1 and 10000 Tap OK when you have entered the number 10 Tap OK when you have entered all the necessary numbers These values are assigned to the User defined cable type in the list The specifications you entered for your cable type are shown below the Type drop down list These are the values that are used for distance to fault measurements when you select User defined Customizing the Cable Standards Table 3 20 The Cable Standards Table is a plain text file used by the YBA250 to specify the characteristics of the cable types that are tested You can customize the Cable Standards Table to suit the specific needs of your system For example if there are cable types in your system that are not included in the default list of cable types you could add them to the cable standards table This allows you to select your cable types from the Type drop down list whenever you want to make a distance to fault measurement You can also shorten the Type drop down list by deleting cables from the cable standards list if you never test those cable types The YBA250 looks for a file named CableStandards txt in the BuiltInDisk NetTekApps YBA250 folder when it starts up You can edit this file to include cable types not originally included in the file from the factory YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual Measuring the D
80. displays the top level of the YBA250 help m Tap underlined text on the screen This displays the Help topic for the item selected m Display Help from some dialog boxes by selecting the Help button in the bottom right corner of the dialog box The Help Window Table 2 2 explains how to use the Help window buttons Table 2 2 Help window buttons Tap this button To All Topics Display the main table of contents it Back Return to the previous help screen Contents Display the current program or local table of contents Display full screen help text Display the help text in its own window Drag the Help window title bar to move the window Minimize the Help window To restore the window tap the Help button in the taskbar Close the Help window and quit help Display information farther up the window EE ee Display information farther down the window 2 4 YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual Operating Basics Starting the YBA250 Software If you purchased your YBA250 installed on NetTek Analyzer Platform it comes from the factory set to automatically start the YBA250 software when the NetTek Analyzer Platform is powered up If you added your YBA250 module to a NetTek Analyzer Platform you already own you will need to start the YBA250 software or set the software to load at startup To start the YBA250 software double tap the YBA250 icon on the desktop or select Start gt Progr
81. dix G Customizing the Channel Table G 4 How Channel Frequencies are Calculated The frequency for a specific channel is calculated with a formula based on the current channel number the base frequency the channel spacing and the channel offset If Channel Offset 0 Chan Freq Chan Num Channel Offset x Channel Spacing Base Frequency If Channel Offset lt 0 Chan Freq Base Frequency Channel Offset Chan Num x Channel Spacing Where Base Frequency Either forward or reverse base frequency depending on current user selection from the Channel Table file UserStan dards txt when present or SignalStandards txt Chan Num The current user selected channel number Chan Freq The frequency associated with the Chan Num Channel Spacing The distance between channels from the Channel Table file Channel Offset From the Channel Table file YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual a Zn ene Glossary i 4A Glossary BMP Graphics File Format BMP is one of the file formats available for saving screen captures BMP is the standard Windows graphic image format The filename extension is bmp BTS Acronym for Base Transceiver Station Cable Loss As a signal travels down a cable some of its energy is lost due to losses in the conductors and dielectrics This reduction in signal level is called cable loss Cable loss is specified in decibels per distance at a specified freque
82. dow then tap Help in the resulting menu Software Version This manual supports YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzers running software version 1 402 or greater To determine your software version select Tools gt Software Info when the YBA250 application is running xiv YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual Preface Contacting Tektronix Phone 1 800 833 9200 Address Tektronix Inc Department or name if known 14200 SW Karl Braun Drive P O Box 500 Beaverton OR 97077 USA Web site www tektronix com Sales 1 800 833 9200 select option 1 support Service sup 1 800 833 9200 select option 2 port Technical www tektronix com support support 1 800 833 9200 select option 3 6 00 a m 5 00 p m Pacific Standard Time This phone number is toll free in North America After office hours please leave a voice mail message Outside North America contact a Tektronix sales office or distributor see the Tektronix web site for a list of offices YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual XV Preface xvi YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual za re General Safety Summary Review the following safety precautions to avoid injury and prevent damage to this product or any products connected to it To avoid potential hazards use this product only as specified Only qualified personnel should perform service procedures While using this product
83. ds You connect each of the measurement standards in the kit to the YBA250 Test Port and run a calibration procedure that normalizes measurements to the accuracy of the calibration kit standards YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual 2 25 Calibration and Normalization When to Calibrate the YBA250 Calibration is most sensitive to changes in temperature When the YBA250 senses that its internal temperature has changed more than 10 C 18 F from its temperature at the last calibration it changes the calibration status to User Cal to inform you that you should perform a calibration to ensure the most accurate measure ments You can choose not to perform the calibration and still make measurements but the results may not be as accurate as measure ments performed with a valid calibration A calibration is performed across the entire frequency range of the YBA250 so if you change the measurement frequency range or the start stop frequencies you do not need to recalibrate the YBA250 However if you change the power level setting from that of the current calibration set you should perform a calibration Elements of the Calibration Window To access the calibration window tap the button The Calibration window lets you select which type of calibration to use Factory or User create a User calibration save a User calibration or load a saved User calibration set See Figure 2 7 Calibration
84. ds into flash memory If there is not enough flash memory available then the YBA250 software loads into volatile memory this happens only with user installed modules if your YBA250 was purchased already installed on a NetTek Analyzer Platform the software was loaded into flash memory at the factory Loading the software into flash memory reduces the YBA250 application power on startup time If the software is not loaded in flash memory the software must be loaded into the NetTek Analyzer Platform each time the instrument is powered on resulting in a longer start up time Note that the software load process is automatic there are no user decisions required or settings available that affect the software load process Calibrating the Touch Screen Display For the touch screen display to respond correctly to your taps you must set the stylus centering and double tap speed Setting the stylus tap rate 1 Select Start gt Settings gt Control Panel 2 Open double tap the Stylus icon 3 In the Double Tap tab double tap the checkerboard grid at a comfortable speed with your stylus or finger to set the tap rate YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual 1 11 Getting Started 4 Double tap the checkerboard grid to verify your settings Setting the stylus centering 1 Select Start gt Settings gt Control Panel 2 Open the Stylus icon 3 In the Calibration tab select Recalibrate 4 Follow the on sc
85. e Customizing the Setup menu 35 lt 405 eed eta eatewk ohee Appendices Appendix A Specifications 0 cece eee eee Appendix B Accessories cccecccccscccscees Standard Accessories cc a ss00 saree eda tw rata men be are eka Optional Accessories a sh bc8 9 5 4 dr hehehe eae ea g ede ae Appendix C Options isc vieeasaes ooh Lie week ees YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual Table of Contents Appendix D Upgrading Reinstalling Software D 1 Appendix E Functional Verification Procedure E 1 SEIE TES IS Seb 2 o 5 5G ead ce iuicteh Seated Beal eh deat eet e aata E 1 PURCUONAl TestSiens ocer sown daa ee ite vant bas aoe ae E 3 Appendix F Supported Signal Standards F 1 Appendix G Customizing the Channel Table G 1 Glossary Index iv YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual Table of Contents Figures Figure 1 1 NetTek Analyzer Layout 1 1 Figure 1 2 Front Panel Controls 5208 1 2 Figure 1 3 I O ports Y400 NetTek Analyzer Platform ose iceosus nwa ee teas Bah paw ewes 1 3 Figure 1 4 YBA250 test port eee eee eee 1 3 Figure 1 5 Removing the bus cover 06 1 4 Figure 1 6 Attaching the YBA250 module 1 5 Figure 1 7 External power supplies 1 6 Figure 1 8 Opening the battery compartment 1 7 Figure
86. e You may press Cancel to exit at any time Open Connect the reference open and press Open rShort Connect the reference short and press Short Short rLoad Connect the reference load and press Load Figure 2 11 Ready to perform calibration with cable Carefully attach the cable to the TEST PORT using the procedure on page 2 20 Note that this calibration method is valid only cables up to 10 feet 3 meters long You can perform steps 4 through 8 below in any order Note that the OK button is not selectable until all three steps have been completed If you accidently tap the wrong button for example you tap Open while you have the Short calibration standard connected just repeat the step To cancel the calibration tap Cancel at any time Carefully attach the OPEN calibration standard to the end of the cable You may need an adapter to connect the calibration standard to the end of the cable If you need an adapter be certain to use a precision adapter Tap the Open button in the Calibration with cable window When the calibration is completed Done appears above the Open button Carefully replace the OPEN calibration standard with the SHORT calibration standard Tap the Short button in the Calibration with cable window When the calibration is completed Done appears above the Short button YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual Calibration a
87. e arrowhead pointing up or down on the display associated with the readout Name Bottom left The name of the readout M1 M2 M1 M2 Max or Min Frequency Top right The frequency at which the marker is located On the M1 M2 readout it is the difference in frequency between M1 and M2 Measurement Bottom right The measured value at the marker position If the Measurement is Return Loss or Cable Loss the readout is in dB If the Measurement is VSWR the readout is in VSWR units The M1 and M2 markers can be placed on the same trace or on different traces with Trace 2 enabled The Max marker or Y indicates the maximum signal level and relevant measurement on any trace The Min marker or indicates the minimum signal level and relevant measurement on its assigned trace The Max or Min indicator can point in either direction depending on settings so be sure to look at the indicator in the marker display to determine which marker indicator you are looking at The M1 M2 readout O displays the difference in frequency Return Loss or VSWR between M1 and M2 depending on the measurement being taken To display the Return Loss or VSWR at a specific frequency 1 Select View gt Markers if Markers are not already visible 2 Select the measurement Return Loss VSWR or Cable Loss YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual 3 45 Using Markers and Band Edge Cursors 3 To place Marker 1 a b
88. e product to Customer if the shipment is to a location within the country in which the Tektronix service center is located Customer shall be responsible for paying all shipping charges duties taxes and any other charges for products returned to any other locations This warranty shall not apply to any defect failure or damage caused by improper use or improper or inadequate maintenance and care Tektronix shall not be obligated to furnish service under this warranty a to repair damage resulting from attempts by personnel other than Tektronix representatives to install repair or service the product b to repair damage resulting from improper use or connection to incompatible equipment c to repair any damage or malfunction caused by the use of non Tektronix supplies or d to service a product that has been modified or integrated with other products when the effect of such modification or integration increases the time or difficulty of servicing the product THIS WARRANTY IS GIVEN BY TEKTRONIX WITH RESPECT TO THE LISTED PRODUCTS IN LIEU OF ANY OTHER WARRANTIES EXPRESS OR IMPLIED TEKTRONIX AND ITS VENDORS DISCLAIM ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE TEKTRONIX RESPONSIBILITY TO REPAIR OR REPLACE DEFECTIVE PRODUCTS IS THE SOLE AND EXCLUSIVE REMEDY PROVIDED TO THE CUSTOMER FOR BREACH OF THIS WARRANTY TEKTRONIX AND ITS VENDORS WILL NOT BE LIABLE FOR ANY INDIRECT SPECIAL INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL
89. e up of multiple groups or blocks of channels then you should make an entry for each group When multiple groups are required they should be ordered in channel number sequence and contiguous To tie the groups together the Unique Standard ID must be the same for each group Forward Base Frequency Forward base frequency for each signal standard The actual frequency for each channel is calculated For signal standards that specify a single frequency for each channel for example the UTRA FDD scheme used by WCDM UMTS each row in the file will describe a group of forward or reverse channels The row that describes forward channels should specify zero for the reverse base frequency Reverse Base Frequency Reverse base frequency for each signal standard The actual frequency for each channel is calculated For signal standards that specify a single frequency for each channel for example the UTRA FDD scheme used by WCDM UMTS each row in the file will describe a group of forward or reverse channels The row that describes reverse channels should specify zero for the forward base frequency G 2 YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual Appendix G Customizing the Channel Table Table G 1 Channel table file contents Cont Column heading Signal Bandwidth Starting Channel Number Ending Channel Number Channel Increment Amount Channel Spacing Channel Offset Unique Standard ID Signal Type Forw
90. e 2 4 Tuning control area buttons and icons Button Function Us CDMA PC i Standards list This drop down list selects the signal standard and channel table i Forward Link button Changes the start and stop frequency settings to the forward link downlink frequency for the selected channel i amp Reverse Link button Changes the start and stop frequency settings to the reverse link uplink frequency for the selected channel Both button Changes the start and stop frequency settings to cover both the forward and reverse link frequencies for the selected channel amp YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual 2 9 Operating Basics Table 2 4 Tuning control area buttons and icons Cont Button chan boio yaa Me Shared Control Area Function Channel button Selects the channel number to measure The frequency is set to the appropriate value for the selected channel and standard Frequency start stop fields Sets the start and stop frequencies Tap the keypad button to use the numeric keypad tap the box to use the knob Table 2 5 describes the elements of the Shared Control Area of the display Table 2 5 Shared control area buttons and icons Button amg YR Function Impedance button Displays the Frequency window for measuring return loss VSWR and cable loss versus frequency one port measurements DTF button Displays the Distance to Fault wi
91. e Types window 3 18 YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual Table of Contents Figure 3 13 User Defined Cable window 3 19 Figure 3 14 A portion of the cablestandards text file 3 22 Figure 3 15 The Return Gain Loss window 3 26 Figure 3 16 Setting output power for CW signal mode 3 3 acc8 6 Sos ine tn Caw eae aves Cee eae 3 31 Figure 3 17 Setting the trace type 508 3 34 Figure 3 18 Setting the distance units 3 36 Figure 3 19 Defining Trace 2 0 cece eens 3 39 Figure 3 20 Selecting the first result file 3 40 Figure 3 21 Selecting the second result file 3 41 Figure 3 22 Two compared traces eeeeeee 3 41 Figure 3 23 Display with markers 065 3 43 Figure 3 24 Display without markers 3 44 Figure 3 25 Assigning markers to a trace 3 47 Figure 3 26 Band Edge Cursor displayed 3 49 Figure 3 27 Band Edge Cursors always visible 3 50 Figure 3 28 The Mask Maker utility 3 51 Figure 3 29 Example of a recalled results display 3 63 Figure 3 30 Sample Exported Results file 3 65 Figure 3 31 Example of an Exported Results file 3 68 Figure 3 32 Setup menu controls 00ee 00s 3 70 Figure 3 33 Specifying the List of Setups 3 72 Figure E
92. e eee Generating a Continuous Wave CW Signal Working with Traces sessseseseseseseseseseoe Setting the Trace Type mariane h A Seale ee ote he nah E Changing the Units of the Distance to Fault Display Savine ReSuLSin 3 4 use etic ane aes wt ate eee a Sy Displaying a Saved Trace scl i 4 h aban tenes cease mee hs Comparing Traces 26 csa ee cu tds eals EEE seed EEE NESSA Using Markers and Band Edge Cursors Displaying Markers oe 4t fan cae hata ou eas Oe eG a as oes Band Edge Cursors gives eee eee Ret eye Raw septa Markers and Mask Testing 0 cece eee eee Mask Testing 54s eit Giro su saw kw See ween e s The Mask Maker Window 0 2 eee eee teens Using the Mask Makers vic gece 43g kee Sane ee phen Mask Maker Guidelines ac 52 4 34 a d ae tdci wie lad ease kart awk Defining Selecting a Mask for Testing Performing a Mask Test 5c ayateeant eden tenuwees nace hs Saving and Recalling Results Screens and SOUPS su 65 4 65 94455 BEES ER OOS EEE WAS Saving Measurement Results 0 0 0 e eee eee eee Recalling Measurement Results 0 000 eee Exporting Measurement Results 00 000 e eee Exporting a Screener osc4 tae ds ae bak kw ew AALS ae eS Differences Between Exported Screens and Results Saving SCWUPS Hears secu o LAA Hes OAR Hee eee Reo E Recalling Setups set cgsetia od Peta E pais ae Rare at poat
93. e menu bar 4 Set the desired frequency using the frequency controls or the knob A quick way to do this is to use the Channel button Chan to set the frequency to a channel 5 Tap the appropriate Output Power option button to set the output level 6 Tap CW Signal On or Off to turn the signal on or off NOTE The CW Signal Mode Output Power setting does not affect the Output Power setting on the General tab of the Setup window 3 32 YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual ae Aa ee Working with Traces The YBA250 enables you to control the display of traces several ways You can set the type of trace display whether or not a second trace is displayed display saved traces and compare traces Setting the Trace Type You can change how a trace is displayed to make it easier to analyze There are five trace types you can choose from See Table 3 2 Table 3 2 Trace type options Trace type Description Normal Each point in the trace represents a single acquisition Updates display with each new acquisition Average Each point in the trace represents an average of a number of acquisitions The number of acquisitions averaged is set on the General tab of the Setup window Min Each point in the trace represents the minimum amplitude measured at that frequency since the acquisition was started Acquisition can be restarted by tapping the restart button Updates displayed point only if new point lt
94. ed impedance Zo is the YBA250 characteristic impedance 0 to 54 00 dB 0 01 dB YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual A 1 Appendix A Specifications Table A 1 Measurement characteristics Cont Return Loss Characteristics Return Loss Accuracy with Factory Calibration Return Loss Accuracy with User Calibration Voltage Standing Wave Ratio VSWR Characteristics Voltage Standing Wave Ratio VSWR Measurement VSWR Display Range VSWR Display Resolution Cable Insertion Loss One Port Characteristics Cable Insertion Loss Measure ment Method Cable Insertion Loss Resolution Cable Insertion Loss Display Range A 2 Description lt 1 dB typical from 0 to 40 C up to 2 GHz measuring a 17 dB return loss Rl pe lt 0 05 20 log 1 Aca Where RLpe is defined as Jia measured return loss value calibration standard return loss value Return loss is dependent on the quality of the calibration standards used Tektronix recommends the use of the YBAC1 Calibration Kit for the most accurate results Description VSWR is defined as 1 Reflection Coefficient 1 Reflection Coefficient 1 00 to 65 00 0 01 Description An estimation of the cable s insertion loss is made by measuring its Return Loss with the cable s other terminals open or shorted The estimated Cable Insertion Loss is one half of the Return Loss at any given frequency 0 01 dB 0 0 to
95. eflection measurements use a single port on the YBA250 module to measure return loss VSWR cable loss and distance to fault DTF One port measurements connect one end of a signal path to the YBA250 module with the other end of the signal path connected to the device under test such as an antenna One port insertion loss is best for measuring losses in signal paths that contain passive low loss components such as cables and attenuators The one port insertion loss measurement is not as accurate as the two port insertion loss measurement but does not require access to both ends of a signal path Two Port Measurements Two port measurements also known as transmission measurements provide insertion gain and loss measurements such as filter response loss versus frequency and tower mounted amplifier TMA gain versus frequency Both a YBA250 and YBT250 module must be installed on the NetTek Analyzer to perform two port Insertion Gain Loss measurements The YBA250 module injects a signal into the device or system under test and the YBT250 module receives and measures the resultant signal YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual 2 23 Measurement Overview Two port insertion gain and loss measurements are best for measuring signal paths that contain active wide dynamic range components such as circulators amplifiers and directional couplers Two port loss measurements are more accurate than one port measuremen
96. el above the knob display will change to either Start MHz or Stop MHz 2 Tap the knob to change the frequency m Tap the top half of the knob to make large changes to the specified frequency Tapping the knob to the right of the circle increases the frequency Tapping the knob to the left of the circle decreases the frequency m Tapping the arrow buttons on the lower half of the knob makes smaller changes than tapping the top half 3 6 YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual C Measuring Return Loss and VSWR The YBA250 provides measurement capabilities to quickly and easily determine the condition of an antenna by measuring its return loss or VSWR The Return Loss Display The Return Loss displays return loss and VSWR measurements Figure 3 5 shows an example return loss display File View Setup Tools fal en O gt L gt O 11 2 2004 12 50 00 Pm 2 amps elass3 Ee R chan fsi0 00 Gaito yal me Measurement Method AE Calibration m T Return Loss gt Fast 7 ee Zo i ei Trace 1 Normal x T A y 6 00 i 12 00 4 seve t 18 00 4 a WA D 24 00 30 00 Start MHz 36 00 42 00 3 10 00 48 00 3 e My k 510 00 4 560 00 MHz 910 00 d 860 000 0 860 000 oo 0000 A 813 600 Y 857 200 MHz 7 M1 23 110 M2 23 110 M1 M2 0 000 Max gt 54 Mn 22 950 dB Figure 3 5 The Return Loss window YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Ana
97. elect View gt Mask so that there is a check mark next to Mask The defined mask is displayed If the trace exceeds the mask the violation icon i will appear on the left side of the spectrum graph and the violated mask trace will change color the specific color depends on the selected color scheme NOTE A mask trace does not have to cover the entire test frequency range Signal points at frequencies that don t have associated mask points are not tested for violations This allows you to check only those parts of the signal that are critical to your specific measure ment for example the attenuation in adjacent channels Mask Testing and Markers When Mask testing is enabled the marker difference readout displays the difference between the marker and the mask A positive value indicates a pass A negative value indicates a fail A positive value for an upper limit means the signal level is lower than the mask level at the marker frequency A negative value means the signal level is higher than the mask level thus violating the mask For a lower limit mask a positive difference means that the signal level is higher than the mask level and a negative difference means that the signal level is lower than the mask level YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual Mask Testing The YBA250 calculates the difference between the marker and the mask using the preceding rule to determine the sign of the diff
98. en the Mask Maker window The Mask Maker trace window shows the current measurement trace and one of two mask types m If Mask testing was already defined enabled the selected mask is displayed in the Mask Maker window m If Mask testing was not enabled a new default mask the pulse shaped trace is displayed YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual 3 53 Mask Testing 3 54 Adding a Point to a Trace 1 2 3 If more than one trace is displayed select the desired trace by tapping on it or tap the down arrow Trace 1 7 on the trace selector and select the desired trace from the list Tap the add points option button above the graph Tap the graph at the desired point Moving a Trace Point 1 If more than one trace is displayed select the desired trace by tapping on it or tap the down arrow Trace 1 7 on the trace selector and select the desired trace from the list Tap the edit points button above the graph 3 To move a point use any of the following methods m Touch the desired point and drag it to the new location m Touch the desired point then tap the cursor arrows icons D fa to move the selected point in the desired direction m Tap the value to change in the table the number in either the x column or the y column Then tap the keypad icon to display the keypad and enter a new value NOTE If you want to adjust a vertical value you can tap the desired point in the
99. equencies using any of the following methods m Tap the Channel button amp Chan to set the frequency span to a specific channel The YBA250 centers the display at the center frequency of the selected channel and sets the span to twice the bandwidth specified by the signal standard or 1 5 MHz whichever is greater If a Forward Reverse or Both button is selected the associated band information is taken into account when the Start and Stop frequencies are set After you have selected a channel tap OK m Enter the Start and Stop frequencies in the frequency fields adjacent to the Channel button by using the numeric keypad icons or the knob YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual 3 11 Measuring Return Loss and VSWR 3 12 m Tap either the Forward ap or Reverse T button to measure across just the forward or reverse bands To measure across both the Forward and Reverse bands tap the Both Both button 8 Set the measurement mode to either Single measurement gt or Continuous measurement o NOTE Continuous measurements consume more battery power than single shot measurements To extend battery based operation use single shot mode whenever possible Figure 3 8 shows an example cable loss measurement Measurerrne IL Mel tac Fado Calibration Cable Loss x Past Se Auto Scale Trace 1 Normal z 5 00 C ry 3 00 in an 15 00 20 00 25 50 30 00 35 00 40 00 45 00 k 516 17
100. er ence The YBA250 calculates the difference between the signal level and the level of each of the traces in the mask The YBA250 then displays the worst case difference between the signal level and all the traces in the mask For example suppose there are two traces in a mask one is an upper limit and the other is a lower limit The upper limit mask trace level at the marker frequency is 0 dB the signal level is 10 dB and the lower limit mask trace level is 30 dB Thus the difference between the upper limit and the signal is 10 dB and the difference between the signal level and the lower limit is 20 dB The YBA250 will display the M1 marker difference as 10 dB because the signal is closer to the upper limit than it is to the lower limit Alternately assume that the upper limit mask trace level is 0 dB the signal level is 30 dB and the lower limit mask trace level is 25 dB Thus the difference between the upper limit and the signal is 30 dB and the difference between the signal level and the lower limit is 5 dB The YBA250 will display the M1 marker difference as 5 dB because the signal is closer to the lower limit than it is to the upper limit And because the signal is lower than the lower limit the signal fails the mask test If the YBA250 displays dashes for the marker difference instead of a number it means that there is no mask defined at the marker frequency YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User M
101. er User Manual 3 21 Measuring the Distance to a Fault cable id cable name velocity loss Loss Distance Loss Frequency metric T F 1 Air 1 0 100 1000 TRUE 2 None 1 0 100 1000 TRUE 3 RG8 0 659 0 262 1 1000 TRUE 4 RG8A 0 659 0 262 1 1000 TRUE 5 RG9 0 659 0 289 1 1000 TRUE 6 RG9A 0 659 0 289 1 1000 TRUE 7 RG17 0 659 0 18 1 1000 TRUE 8 RG17A 0 659 0 18 1 1000 TRUE 9 RG55 0 659 0 541 1 1000 TRUE 10 RG55A 0 659 0 541 1 1000 TRUE 11 RG55B 0 659 0 541 1 1000 TRUE 12 RG58 0 659 0 558 1 1000 TRUE 13 RG58B 0 659 0 558 1 1000 TRUE Figure 3 14 A portion of the cablestandards text file Improving the Display of Distance Measurements The Distance to fault display will show a large main lobe at a fault location surrounded by series of side lobes of decreasing amplitude The YBA250 provides a choice of windowing functions that enable you to make a tradeoff between resolution of the fault location and suppression of waveform noise side lobe magnitude To select a windowing function 1 Tap the Edit button SR EDIT i 2 Tap the Distance Options tab See Figure 3 10 3 Select Rectangular or Blackman from the Windowing drop down list The Rectangular window produces a display with a narrow main lobe and relatively higher side lobes possibly making the main lobe more difficult to spot resulting in better distance resolution but a noisier waveform The Blackman window produces a display with a wider main lobe and relati
102. erence open and press Open Open rohort Connect the reference short and press Short Short rLoad Connect the reference load and press Load Load Figure 2 9 Ready to perform calibration YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual 2 29 Calibration and Normalization 3 Carefully attach the OPEN calibration standard to the TEST PORT using the procedure described on page 2 20 You can perform steps 4 through 8 in any order Note that the OK button is not selectable until all three steps have been completed If you accidently tap the wrong button for example you tap Open while you have the Short calibration standard connected just repeat the step To cancel the calibration tap Cancel at any time 4 Tap the Open button in the Calibration at Test Port window When the calibration is completed Done appears above the Open button 5 Carefully replace the OPEN calibration standard with the SHORT calibration standard 6 Tap the Short button in the Calibration at Test Port window When the calibration is completed Done appears above the Short button 7 Carefully replace the SHORT calibration standard with the LOAD calibration standard 8 Tap the Load button When the calibration is completed Done appears above the Load button 9 Carefully remove the LOAD calibration standard from the TEST PORT 10 Once calibration has been completed for all three standards tap the OK
103. es fio Feet Trace 1 and 2 10 Meters Output Power Return Loss VSRW Cable Loss amp DTF Low power Power up default High High Power Recommended default at startup m Smooth Waveform as needed for DTF and Insertion ma oe Figure 2 21 Setting the output power level NOTE Each time the YBA250 is powered up the Output Power is set to the level specified by Power up The output power can be set to Low or High The Low power level is approximately 20 dBm and the High power level is about 3 dBm To set the default Output Power level tap Low or High from the Power up drop down list NOTE Setting the Output Power Level does not affect the CW Signal Mode output power setting YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual 2 55 Configuring the Instrument Setting Measurement Method The Method setting allows you to choose between a faster measure ment with fewer data points or a slower measurement that contains more data points The more data points in the measurement the higher the resolution of the measurement but the longer it takes to acquire the measurement Figure 2 22 shows the location of the measurement Method function Method drop down list File View Setup Tools waor 5 IE gt Pur CDMA US Cellular 7 APA Chan 1000 H Measurement Method Factory Return Loss Fast bd L Auto Scale Trace 1 Normal 10 00 aen Figure 2
104. etting the YBA250 Software to Load at Startup 2 6 YBA250 User Interface Elements 2 2 7 YBA25O MENUS aa ie wy EE eo puy Baie aul hate 2 13 BMCTING VERE Ya acedtecine herded tetera dda ice eae 2 17 Connecting a Signal 624 wos RAGA aa ee eee eee 2 19 Use Precision Connectors and Cables 0004 2 19 Attaching and Removing Precision Connectors 2 20 Connecting an RF Signal 0 0 cee ee eee eee 2 21 YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual i Table of Contents Measurement Overview cc cece ececccrcccees 2 23 One Port Measurements 9 45408 wie eens etal wa er ais abd 2 23 Two Port Measurements 6st aeidenen Stew sie das esac 2 23 Calibration and Normalization eeeeees 2 25 Calibrating the YBA250 4 35 hoy ak he a iee Sea ee eee 2 25 Normalizing the YBA250 vp4 0 piaea ees Hea Ne eee 2 40 Configuring the Instrument 0 cece eee eees 2 53 Enabling Signal Standards 0 00 00 ee eee ee eee 2 53 Setting the Output Power Level vices dw bee Se eee eee lar 2 54 Setting Measurement Method 002 ee eee 2 56 Setting Display Preferences 2s lt i2 sabes erewsdatweas 2 57 Display Trace Smoothing 004 406044 060 s04 es04 seen aeus 2 58 Changing Settings for Saved Files 0 4 2 58 Saving GPS Coordinates with your Results 2 61 Reference Setting the Signal Standards and Test F
105. g on page B 1 Table i Standard module accessories N Connector Plastic Cover Used to protect the TEST PORT signal connector User Manual Contains information on setup basic operation and taking measurements F am am a CD ROM Contains instrument software and an Adobe Acrobat Os PDF version of the User Manual About this Manual This manual is divided into four sections Getting Started Operating Basics Reference and Appendices The Getting Started section explains how to set up and start using your YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer The Operating Basics section explains how to operate the YBA250 The Reference section explains how to perform specific tests with the YBA250 The Appendices contain specifications a functional verification procedure and other information that you might need occasionally YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual xiii Preface Additional Information The YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer contains online help to enable you to quickly get explanations of how to use your YBA250 The online help is the first place you should look for information about operating the YBA250 or the NetTek Analyzer Platform Conventions This manual uses the following convention The statement Start gt Help is requesting that you open the Start menu and select Help To do this tap the Start button in the toolbar at the bottom of the desktop win
106. g or image editing applications Displays Save As dialog so you can name the file and specify where it is saved Print Ctrl P Prints the displayed window s data Displays a dialog that shows information saved with a results file Results Properties Exit Quits the YBA250 program Table 2 8 The View menu Menu item Control key Description Trace 2 oo o o Displays Hides second trace Rotate Trace Order Changes the order of traces in the graph front versus back Define Trace 2 Displays the Frequency Insertion or Distance tab of the Setup window depending on the current window enabling you to specify the source of Trace 2 Smoothing Smooths the trace between data points Mask OO E i Enables Mask Testing Define Mask Displays the Masks tab of the Setup window enabling you to specify the mask file to use for mask testing and any action to perform on mask failure YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual Operating Basics Table 2 8 The View menu Cont Menu item Control key Description Markers Ctrl M Displays Hides marker controls and readouts Band Edge Cursor Marker 1 T1 T2 FG Displays Hides band edge cursors Places M1 marker on Trace 1 T1 Trace 2 T2 or the Foreground trace FG Marker 2 T1 T2 FG Places M2 marker on Trace 1 T1 Trace 2 T2 or the Foreground trace FG Marker Min Places Min marker on Trace 1 T1 T1 T2 FG Trace 2 T2 or the Foregro
107. ge is set at twice the channel bandwidth with a minimum test frequency range of 1 5 MHz The start frequency is set one channel bandwidth below the channel center frequency and the stop frequency is set one channel bandwidth above the channel center frequency To set the test frequency range by selecting the Channel 1 Select the signal standard from the drop down list 2 Tap the Channel button amp Chan This displays the Select Channel dialog box See Figure 3 3 3 4 YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual Setting the Signal Standards and Test Frequency Range The instrument will tune to the center of the selected channel Channel Frequency Direction Note that both uplink and downlink 0 890 0000 uplink 5 Sew deaike frequencies are listed Be sure to i 890 2000 uplink select the correct link direction 1 935 2000 downlink 5 899400 uplink when selecting a channel 2 935 4000 downlink 3 890 6000 uplink 3 935 6000 downlink 4 290 8000 uplink 4 935 8000 downlink oK 5 891 0000 uplink 5 936 0000 downlink x Signal Standard Gsm 900 Fleeces Figure 3 3 Select Channel dialog box 3 Scroll through the list until you find the channel to test and tap the desired channel number to select it Note that the list shows both the uplink and downlink frequen cies Be sure to tap the correct direction when selecting a channel 4 Tap OK You can customize
108. graph and its vertical value is selected in the table Deleting a Point from a Trace 1 If more than one trace is displayed tap the down arrow Trace 1 1 on the trace selector Select the desired trace from the list Tap the point to be deleted so it is selected point indicator changes to a circle Tap the delete point button 7 YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual Mask Testing Adding a Trace to a Mask To add a trace to the mask tap one of the Add new trace buttons A trace of the selected shape will appear on the graph Deleting a Trace from a Mask 1 Tap the down arrow Trace 1 7 on the trace selector 2 Select the trace to delete from the list If the edit points option button is selected you can also select a trace by touching it near one of its points 3 Tap the delete trace button 2 Setting Mask Violation Limits 1 Tap the down arrow Trace 1 7 on the trace selector 2 Select the desired trace from the list 3 Tap High limit to indicate a violation when a signal trace has a value higher than the mask trace 4 Tap Low limit to indicate a violation when a signal trace has a value lower than the mask trace YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual 3 55 Mask Testing Saving a Mask 1 Tap the Save button If this is a new mask that has not been saved before the instrument opens the Save As window 2 Enter the mask file name in the Name
109. h screen display off activates the display Preventing Personal Injury from the Effects of Lightning A 1 14 WARNING To prevent personal injury from the effects of lightning exercise the following precautions when using this product Before connecting this product to any source m Check your local weather forecast for the possibility of thunderstorms or lightning If weather conditions could allow thunderstorms or lightning to develop be sure to visually check the sky and weather conditions in your area frequently m If you can hear thunder or if you see lightning do not connect this product to any source which may be exposed to the effects of lightning YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual Getting Started Use your own good judgement and common sense You must protect yourself from the effects of lightning m You must assume that hazardous voltages will be present on exposed surfaces of this product if it is connected to a source exposed to lightning The insulation of this product will not protect you from these hazardous voltages Do not connect this product to any source which might be subject to the effects of lightning If thunderstorms or lightning are in your vicinity When weather conditions that could lead to lightning activity exist in your area you could be at risk of a lightning strike before the cloud is close enough for you to hear thunder or see lightning m When
110. he cable types you will be testing 1 Select Tools gt Options menu item 2 Tap the Cable Types tab to display the Cable Types window as shown in Figure 3 12 YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual 3 17 Measuring the Distance to a Fault Cable Types Signal Standards Setup Menu Preferences Enable Cables your system typically measure with this instrument Cables supported Cables enabled 10801 air 311201 211501 311601 311901 Add gt gt 25201 CR50 1070PE CR50 540PE EFX2 50 ETS1 50T ETS2 SOT FLC 115 50 Delete lt lt Astr Hveazso RF Vso Al Figure 3 12 The Cable Types window 3 Select a cable type you use in your system from the Cables supported list on the left side of the window 4 Tap Add gt gt to add the selected cable to the list of enabled cables 5 Continue to add cables to the Cables enabled list until you have enabled all the cables which you use in your system 6 Tap OK to close the window The cable types you added are now listed in the cable Type field of the Distance Options tab NOTE Double tapping on a cable type moves the cable from one list to the other without needing to use the Add button 3 18 YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual Measuring the Distance to a Fault Creating a User Defined Cable Type If your system uses a cable type not listed in the Cable Type drop down list you c
111. he saved traces to compare points on the traces Measurement Method User VSWR hd Auto Scale Trace 1 g 3 00 2 80 2 60 2 00 z 1 80 510 00 560 00 MHz 910 004 1 50 1 40 624 0000 849 200 0 25 200 W 810 000 A 878 800 MHz M1 1 244 M2 1 236 M1 M2 0 008 Max 2 122 Min lt 1 003 Y SWR 120 1 00 2 40 2 20 _ a Figure 3 22 Two compared traces YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual 3 41 Working with Traces 3 42 YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual E Using Markers and Band Edge Cursors The YBA250 provides a function named Markers that lets you easily take measurements on a displayed trace Markers can be used to identify the maximum and minimum value on a trace as well as the differences between two user selectable points on a trace Another feature known as Band Edge Cursors graphically identifies the frequency band for the selected signal standard Displaying Markers The YBA250 provides markers that let you measure differences between two points of the displayed trace or between two traces Markers can be used with Return Loss VSWR and Insertion Gain Loss measurements To display the markers select View gt Markers Figures 3 23 and 3 24 shows the display with and without markers Measurement Method Eactory Calibration VSWR x Fast x Trace 1 Noma Ts 1 20 l r 7 k 810 00 560 00 MHz 910
112. heckbox See Figure 2 14 Calibration Factory Calibration Date 1 10 02 5 30 12 PM User Calibration Date 6 27 02 1 24 04 PM Temperature Ci 60 Power level High With Cable No Calibrate at Test Port Load saved calibration Calibrate with cable Cancel Help Figure 2 14 The Calibration window 3 Tap OK This loads the calibration set stored at the factory The Factory Calibration can be used across the entire YBA250 operating temperature range For details on accuracy specifications see Appendix A Specifications YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual Calibration and Normalization Which Calibration Set Should You Use There are three factors to consider when deciding which saved calibration set you should use temperature power level and length of time since the calibration was performed 1 Temperature that is the internal temperature of the module has the greatest effect on measurement accuracy therefore it should be considered the most important factor when selecting among saved calibration sets Choose the calibration set with the temperature closest to the current temperature 2 The next factor to consider is the power level Always try to use a calibration set that was performed at the same power level 3 The next factor to consider is the time since the calibration was performed The most recent calibration is the best choice Elemen
113. hows the differences between an exported screen and a trace Table 3 6 Differences between exported screens and traces Read by other File type Menu command programs File format Exported Screen Export Screen Yes BMP JPEG PNG Export Screen As BMP JPEG PNG Saved Results Save Results Results No binary Save Results As ioe te binary Exported Results Export Results As Yes tab or comma separated text Binary files can be read only by the YBA250 3 66 YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual Saving and Recalling Results Screens and Setups Exported Screen File Formats BMP is an uncompressed format and uses a lot of space but maintains sharp images JPEG is a compressed format and uses far less space than BMP but can blur lines and text PNG is a com pressed format and maintains sharp lines and text Table 3 7 compares the relative features of each of the export file formats Table 3 7 Comparison of file formats for exporting screens Format Export speed FileSize Quality JPEG Very Slow Medium Medium Poor An exported results file contains information about the YBA250 settings and data that represents the trace Figure 3 31 shows an example of an exported trace saved as a tab separated text file The numbers at the end following Trace 1 data represent the data points of the trace on the display To save space only a few numbers are shown in this example YB
114. ific YBA250 YBT250 module pair used to create that data The YBA250 reports the normalization set as not valid if you use the normalization data with different YBT250 and or YBA250 modules YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual 2 51 Calibration and Normalization 2 52 YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual A Configuring the Instrument Before you can use the YBA250 to take measurements you should configure the following instrument settings Enabling Signal Standards The currently selected signal standard controls the channels available from the signal standard list Before you begin using the YBA250 you need to enable the signal standards that you want to test Enabled signal standards are added to the Signal Standards drop down list To enable a signal standard add it to the Signal Standards drop down list 1 Select Tools gt Options 2 Tap the Signal Standards tab This displays the window shown in Figure 2 20 The standards supported in the YBA250 are shown in the list on the left side of the window Cable Types Signal Standards sewp Meru Preferences Enable Standards for the signals you will typically measure with this instrument Signal Standards supported Signal Standards enabled AMPS EIA 553 CDMA US Cellular Add gt gt dma2k 0 Korea dma2k 0 N A Cellular Delete lt lt 1 N A PCS dma2k 2 TACS Band i dma2k 3 JTACS Band kJ C
115. ight of the drop down list box a short time after the GPS receiver sends the GPRMC sentence Tap the Refresh button to update the displayed coordinates You can also view the latest GPS position in the Results Properties dialog box File gt Results Properties When you open a saved results file the Results Properties shows information about the results file including the GPS position at the time the results file was saved Troubleshooting Your GPS Receiver After you have selected the GPS receiver type in the Save amp Export dialog box a position should appear immediately to the right of the list box Error Message Invalid Position If after you select the GPS receiver type in the Save amp Export dialog the message Invalid Position appears then the communication connection to the receiver has been successfully established and the GPRMC sentence is being successfully read from the receiver but the position supplied in that sentence is not valid In this case check your GPS receiver to see if it does have a valid position and if not refer to the GPS receiver documentation to resolve this problem YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual Configuring the Instrument Error Message Unable to Read Position Information If the instrument displays an error dialog indicating that the application was unable to read position information from the GPS receiver do the following m Make sure the cable fr
116. igns M1 to Trace 1 Trace 2 rotating the trace order does not change the marker assignment or to the trace assigned to the foreground Marker 2 Assigns M2 to Trace 1 Trace 2 rotating the trace order does not change the marker assignment or to the trace assigned to the foreground Marker Min Assigns Min to Trace 1 Trace 2 rotating the trace order does not change the marker assignment or to the trace assigned to the foreground Marker Max Assigns Min to Trace 1 Trace 2 rotating the trace order does not change the marker assignment or to the trace assigned to the foreground If Trace 2 is not enabled all markers are placed on Trace 1 YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual 3 47 Using Markers and Band Edge Cursors 3 48 Measuring Return Loss or VSWR Between Points on a Single Trace To measure the difference in Return Loss and VSWR between two points on a single trace 1 Display the markers by selecting View gt Markers 2 Tap the M1 readout This assigns the marker to the knob and to the touch screen in the display area 3 Tap the display where you want to place the marker You can also use the knob to position the marker 4 Tap the M2 readout This assigns the marker to the knob and to the touch screen in the display area 5 Tap the display where you want to place the marker You can also use the knob to position the marker 6 Read the difference in Return Loss and VSWR in the M1
117. ilable or is not valid The User normalization data set covers a specified frequency range and output power level based on the instrument settings when the User normalization data was created A User normalization provides the most accurate measurements Both Default and User normalizations generate correction data using precision cables and attenuators connected between the YBA250 and the YBT250 modules The normalization data plus instrument state information such as date time and internal module temperature is saved to non volatile memory The Normalization Window Elements The Normalization window is where you select which type of normalization to use Default or User create a new Default or User normalization save normalization data to a file or load a saved normalization set To display the two port Normalization window tap the Normaliza tion button while in the Insertion Gain Loss window Figure 2 15 shows the Normalization window Table 2 13 describes the contents of the Normalization window 2 40 YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual Calibration and Normalization Normalization Default Normalization Valid Date 11 2 2004 11 47 10 AM Temperature All Start Stop Freq Al Output Power Lvl Al User Normalization Valid Date 11 2 2004 Valid Temperature 33 deg C Valid Start Stop Freq 30 00 165 00 MHz Output Power Lv 20 dBm Current Temperature 38 deg C Additio
118. isplay and the second part appears along the top edge of the graph The portion in the main display can be switched off but the part along the top edge of the graph is always visible See Figure 3 27 YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual 3 49 Using Markers and Band Edge Cursors Band Edge Cursors Figure 3 27 Band Edge Cursors always visible To turn on the display of Band Edge Cursors m Select View gt Band Edge Cursor so that it is checked To turn off the display of Band Edge Cursors m Select View gt Band Edge Cursor so that it is not checked Markers and Mask Testing Markers are available when mask testing is enabled There are two things to note about markers when mask testing is enabled m Markers cannot be placed on a mask m When mask testing is enabled the marker difference readout displays the difference between the marker and the mask 3 50 YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual a 7 Mask Testing Mask testing is used to determine if Impedance measurements Return Loss VSWR or Insertion Gain Loss measurements exceed specified levels The YBA250 can perform several actions when an input signal exceeds limits defined by a mask The default action is to display an icon VAL to the left of the graph which cannot be switched off and sound a beep which can be switched off A measurement trace that exceeds limits can trigger additional actions such as
119. istance to a Fault Customizing the Cable Standards Table To customize the cable standards table 1 Locate the existing CableStandards txt file in either the BuiltInDisk NetTekApps YBA250 folder or NetTekApps YBA250 folder only if the application software loaded into volatile memory instead of flash memory 2 Make a copy of the original file and store the copy in another location within the BuiltInDisk folder as a backup 3 Use Pocket Word to edit the contents of the file to suit your systems settings When saving the file be certain to save the file as a TEXT file txt not as a Pocket Word file pwd When editing your CableStandards txt file it is more reliable to copy a row and then edit the copied row to meet your requirements than to modify an existing row Table 3 1 lists the elements of the CableStandards txt file Table 3 1 Channel table file contents Column heading Description Cable ID An identification number assigned to the cable Cable Name This is the name of the cable that appears in the Type drop down list Velocity The cable s velocity of propagation Loss The loss of the cable per the loss distance in dB Loss Distance The distance over which the cable loss is specified Loss Frequency The frequency at which the cable loss is specified Metric T F Indicates whether the Loss distance is metric on not If True the loss distance is in meters YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyz
120. it uses to make the distance to fault measurement depending on the Method and Cover Distance settings If your antenna uses a bandpass filter to minimize interference from other sources you will need to limit the bandwidth used by the YBA250 so its measurement signal can pass through the filter YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual Measuring the Distance to a Fault To set the bandwidth for the distance to fault measurement Tap the Edit button This displays the Setup window Tap the Distance Options tab See Figure 3 10 Select the Limit Bandwidth option button Tap the numeric keypad next to the Limit Bandwidth box Enter the bandwidth of the filter Tap the numeric keypad next to the Center frequency box Enter the center frequency of the bandpass filter SS oe ee a a Tap OK to save your changes Note that values in the Values in use box will change as you change values for the Limit Bandwidth or the Center Frequency Most importantly by limiting the range of frequencies available for the distance to fault measurement the maximum distance that can be measured will be limited The exact distance will depend on the Limit Bandwidth and method selected Setting Cable Types It is essential to specify the cable type being tested to achieve accurate measurements It is impossible to determine the true distance to a fault if the wrong cable type propagation velocity and loss is specified To select t
121. ither list the 10 most recently used saved setups or display a custom list of setups A custom list of saved setups provides consistent and quick access to a standard group of setup files To specify the list of setups in the Setup menu 1 Copy or move all the setup files you want to list in the Setup menu to the BuiltInDisk YBA250 AppData Settings folder The YBA250 will allow you to select only setups located in the BuiltInDisk YBA250 AppData Settings folder for display in the Setup menu 2 Select Tools gt Options 3 Select the Setup Menu tab See Figure 3 33 4 To display the 10 most recently used saved setups in the Setup menu select 10 most recently used saved Setups YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual 3 71 Saving and Recalling Results Screens and Setups Cable Types Signal Standards Setup Menu Preferences Protect settings Show Setup controls User can edit all settings Hide Setup controls Saved Setups are available rselect saved Setups for Setup menu list 10 most recently used saved Setups Custom list include up to 10 saved Setups Setups in BuiltInDisk YBA250 AppData Settings Setup menu list Figure 3 33 Specifying the List of Setups 5 To display only a selected list of saved setups select Custom List a Select a setup from the list on the left and tap Add gt gt to add the selected setup to the Setup menu b Select addi
122. ization To create a Default normalization do the following 1 Tap the Insertion Gain Loss button to display the Insertion Gain Loss screen 2 Tap the Normalization button to display the Normalization window 3 Tap the Perform default normalization button to display the Default Normalization window 4 Follow the on screen instructions and diagram to connect the precision cables and attenuators between the YBA250 and YBT250 modules Make sure to use the same cables and attenuators during the Default normalization process that you will use to take the insertion gain loss measurements 5 Tap the Normalize button The instrument takes a minute or so to generate the normalization data and then saves the Default normalization to memory closes the window and returns you to the Normalization window YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual Calibration and Normalization NOTE Note The Default normalization data set is not accessible as a file it is stored in memory and set as the current Default normalization To replace the existing Default normalization data create a new Default normalization Creating a User Normalization To create a User normalization do the following 1 Tap the Insertion Gain Loss button to display the Insertion Gain Loss screen Select the measurement type Insertion Loss or Insertion Gain Select the signal standard from the drop down list located below the menu b
123. l Operating Basics Entering Text The Input Panel soft keyboard lets you type characters into text boxes or address fields without using an external keyboard To display and use the soft keyboard tap the icon in the toolbar play y p status area Figure 2 4 shows the default keyboard Input Panel Esc Pa F2 P ra es Fs 7 Fe Fo rao rts ri2 ond ena pron amgagaraddrraEE afwfefrje yfufifofe I Caps eeals a eat halk e com jz x elv e n m furl enje ne cet Tt drt fro Figure 2 4 The Soft Keyboard To set soft keyboard properties or switch between a large keyboard default and a smaller keyboard select Start gt Settings gt Control Panel Open the Input Panel icon and then select Options YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual 2 17 Operating Basics 2 18 YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual eS aaa Connecting a Signal This section explains the importance of using precision cables and connectors how to connect the YBA250 to an antenna and how to calibrate the YBA250 Use Precision Connectors and Cables To ensure that your measurements are accurate always use precision cables and connectors Quality of materials and construction is what separates a precision connector from a standard connector A precision connector is manufactured with precisely machined connection surfaces and tight tolerances Precision female center conne
124. lay at the center frequency of the selected channel and sets the span to twice the bandwidth specified by the signal standard or 1 5 MHz whichever is greater YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual Measuring Return Loss and VSWR If a Forward Reverse or Both button is selected the band information is taken into account when the Start and Stop frequencies are set After you have selected a channel tap OK m Enter the Start and Stop frequencies in the frequency fields adjacent to the Channel button by using the numeric keypad icons or the knob m Tap either the Forward ap or Reverse 1 button to measure across just the forward or reverse bands To measure across both the Forward and Reverse bands tap the Both Both button 7 Set the measurement mode to either Single measurement E or Continuous measurement D gt NOTE Continuous measurements consume more battery power than single shot measurements To extend battery based operation use single shot mode whenever possible The YBA250 starts taking measurements Figures 3 6 and 3 7 show example measurements for return loss and VSWR measurements YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual 3 9 Measuring Return Loss and VSWR Measurerrent Method Factory Return oss x Fast Y Auto Scale Trace 1 Normal 10 0C 3 6C 2 80 9 20 Pee 15 6C aS i 22 0C so ae ak ea ks rat P aes 284C yL opts Mi 34 8C 4
125. le 3 3 Elements of Marker Readouts 3 45 Table 3 4 Marker placement ceeceeceees 3 47 Table 3 5 Mask maker buttons and icons 3 52 Table 3 6 Differences between exported screens ONG traces 46a eke ented ara a a Coda eds 3 66 Table 3 7 Comparison of file formats for exporting screens cows dees are evi ais b4 ae eda ea 3 67 YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual Table of Contents Table A 1 Measurement characteristics A 1 Table A 2 Measurement port characteristics A 5 Table A 3 Calibration characteristics 200 A 5 Table A 4 Environmental characteristics A 6 Table A 5 Physical characteristics 208 A 7 Table A 6 Miscellaneous characteristics A 7 Table A 7 Safety compliance cece eens A 8 Table A 8 Electromagnetic compatibility EMC A 9 Table B 1 Standard accessories cccceeeeees B 1 Table B 2 Optional accessories ecceeeees B 2 Table C 1 Configuration option 00e08 C 1 Table F 1 Cellular standards supported F 1 Table G 1 Channel table file contents G 2 YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual ix Table of Contents x YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual a Preface The YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer is part of the NetTek Anal
126. lyzer User Manual 3 7 Measuring Return Loss and VSWR Measuring Return Loss VSWR 3 8 One way to measure the condition of an antenna system is to measure its Return Loss or VSWR The YBA250 makes it easy to measure the Return Loss or VSWR of an antenna Return Loss is a ratio of the power sent to the antenna versus the power reflected by the antenna A larger Return Loss is better because less power is reflected VSWR Voltage Standing Wave Ratio is a measure of the difference ratio of impedance between a transmission line and the attached load For VSWR the lower the number the better The best possible VSWR is 1 0 which means the impedance of a transmission line and its load match perfectly To measure Return Loss or VSWR NOTE To ensure accurate measurements calibrate the YBA250 according to the procedures beginning on page 2 25 If possible use the Calibrate with cable procedure to achieve the best results 1 Tap the Impedance button tome 2 Select Return Loss or VSWR from the Measurement drop down list 3 Connect the cable from the antenna to be tested to the YBA250 Test Port connector 4 Set the Output Power level if needed 5 Select the signal standard from the drop down list located below the menu bar 6 Set the start stop frequencies using any of the following methods m Tap the Channel button amp Chan to set the frequency span to a specific channel The YBA250 centers the disp
127. n be saved in non volatile memory so that they can be loaded at another time One reason to do this is so that you do not have to carry a calibration kit with you in the field To save calibration sets for later recall 1 Perform a new calibration as described starting on page 2 28 2 Tap the Save calibration button in the Calibration window 3 Name the calibration set for example Nehalem Mountain to denote the location where the calibration was performed and tap OK This saves the calibration set in non volatile memory so that it can be loaded at another time Calibration data sets are stored within the module so that if the YBA250 module is moved to another NetTek Analyzer Platform the calibration data set stays with the module Loading a Saved Calibration Set If you are in the field and need to perform a calibration but do not have the YBAC1 Calibration Kit with you you can load a saved calibration set To load a saved calibration set 1 Tap the Calibration button This displays the Calibration window 2 To load a saved calibration set tap the Load saved calibration button This displays the Calibration Browser window See Figure 2 13 2 34 YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual Calibration and Normalization Calibration Browser Select a calibration set to load Mt St Helens Yes High 38 1 30 02 1 14 50 PM Crater Lake dd Yes High 4i 1 24 02 6 05 03 PM
128. nal information Perform default normalization Load saved normalization Create user normalization Save normalization Figure 2 15 Normalization window Table 2 13 Normalization window elements Field Button Description Default Normalization Sets the Default normalization set as the current Normalization User Normalization Sets the User normalization set newly created or loaded from a saved file as the current Normalization Date Displays the date the normalization was created Temperature C Displays the internal temperature in degrees Celsius of the YBA250 at the time the normalization was created Start Stop Freq Displays the start and stop frequencies of the normalization Output Power Lvl Displays the output power setting of the normalization Current Temperature Displays the highest temperature of the two modules YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual 2 41 Calibration and Normalization Table 2 13 Normalization window elements Cont Field Button Description Perform default Creates a new default normalization set normalization Create user Creates a new User normalization based on the normalization YBA250 current settings and conditions frequency start stop power level date time and internal module temperature Additional information Opens a window to display more information about the selected Default or User normalization Load saved Loads a saved
129. ncy For example the cable loss for RGS58 cable is 0 558 dB 1 m 1 000 MHz Flash Memory Flash memory is a form of non volatile memory When the YBT250 software is stored in flash memory the YBT250 loads more quickly at power on Forward Frequency The frequency the base station uses to transmit to the mobile unit Also called Downlink Frequency JPEG Graphics File Format JPEG an acronym for Joint Photographic Experts Group is one of the file formats available for saving screen captures Files saved in JPEG format can be much smaller in size than files saved in BMP format The filename extension is jpg One Port Measurement One port measurements also known as reflection measurements use a single port on the YBA250 module to measure return loss VSWR cable loss and distance to fault DTF One port measurements connect one end of a signal path or device to the YBA250 module with the other end of the signal path connected to the device under test such as an antenna PNG Graphics File Format PNG an acronym for Portable Network Graphics is one of the file formats available for saving screen captures PNG is a new format developed primarily for use on the World Wide Web PNG files are usually much smaller than BMP files The filename extension is png Reference Level The power level at the top of the display YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual _ Glossary 1 Glossary Return Loss
130. nd Normalization 8 Carefully replace the SHORT calibration standard with the LOAD calibration standard 9 Tap the Load button When the calibration is completed Done appears above the Load button 10 Carefully remove the LOAD calibration standard from the cable and remove the cable from the TEST PORT 11 Once the calibration has been completed for all three standards tap the OK button The OK button is not selectable until all three calibration standards have been marked as done See Figure 2 12 Calibration with cable You may perform these steps in any order The OK button will be available when all three steps are done You may press Cancel to exit at any time Open Done Connect the reference open and press Open rShort Done Connect the reference short and press Short so rLoad Done Connect the reference load and press Load EF OK Cancel Help Figure 2 12 Calibration window after calibration is done This loads new calibration settings into non volatile memory that remain valid while using the cable with which the calibration was performed until the temperature of the YBA250 changes by more than 10 Celsius 18 Fahrenheit or more than seven days have elapsed since the calibration was performed YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual 2 33 Calibration and Normalization Saving User Calibration Data Sets User Calibration data sets ca
131. nd normalization data sets for testing and measuring specific frequencies and power levels User defined test masks to provide fast pass fail testing of antenna device or system performance The NetTek Analyzer Platform user interface uses the Microsoft Windows CE operating system so you spend less time learning the instrument and more time troubleshooting the network Key NetTek Analyzer Platform features include xii High visibility color display with a touch screen interface Extendible instrument architecture lets you add other NetTek compatible measurement modules up to three as your testing and troubleshooting needs change Ruggedized package for real world testing conditions Removable battery packs to extend in field testing time I O ports connect the instrument to a printer an external keyboard and the Internet Two PCMCIA card slots for adding storage memory additional measurement capabilities and using PCMCIA Ethernet and modem cards to connect to a network or the internet Software applications and utilities that support communications power management instrument configuration text editing Web browsing and more YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual Preface Standard Accessories Table i provides a list of the standard accessories supplied with the YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer Module For a complete list of standard and optional accessories see Appendix B beginnin
132. ndow for measuring the distance to a fault one port measurements Insertion Gain Loss button Displays the Insertion Gain Loss window for measuring insertion gain or loss in dB of active devices such as filters duplexers splitters combiners and cable two port measure ments Requires that both a YBA250 and YBT250 module be installed on the NetTek Analyzer 2 10 YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual Operating Basics Table 2 5 Shared control area buttons and icons Cont Button Function Carrier Wave button Displays the CW Mode Arp window for outputting a CW signal M2 This area shows the control assigned to the knob and the value of that control 843 200 Gz Keypad button Enter numbers using an on screen numeric keypad Bh aR 2 a To use the keypad tap the control or field whose value is to be changed this assigns the field to the numeric keypad Then tap the numeric keypad button above the control knob Type the new value including units when present Tap OK when present to accept the new value Knob icon The Knob icon lets you change the value of the assigned control or field EL Tap the left right arrows on the bottom half of the control knob to make small changes Tap to the left or right of the small circle on the top half to make larger changes Touch a finger inside the circle and drag it until the control is set to the desired value
133. ng as the default for DTF and Insertion Gain Loss measurements by selecting Smooth Waveform as needed for DTF and Insertion on the Setup gt General tab When a measurement has less than 128 data points the YBA250 automatically applies the smoothing function to the trace Changing Settings for Saved Files The YBA250 enables you to specify settings for saved files such as prefixes for filenames the name of a technician making a test notes to be included in saved results files and the default format for exported screens YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual Configuring the Instrument Setting File Options The Save amp Export tab is where you specify saved file options To display the Save amp Export tab 1 Select Setup gt Edit 2 Tap the Save amp Export tab See Figure 2 24 Frequency Insertion Distance Distance Options Masks General Save amp Export File Prefix 9 NXA Filename Prefix autonumber Test information to save with results Technician Pick Jarvis Notes for saved results i Peak primary antenna GPS Receiver None X Timestamp is always included Default format for exported screens PNG fles png x Cancel Help Figure 2 24 The Save amp Export tab Setting the Filename Prefix The YBA250 allows you to save a file such as a results file with a name you enter each time you save a file You can also all
134. nsmission Line Analyzer 071 1047 02 This document supports firmware version 1 402 and greater www tektronix com Copyright Tektronix Inc All rights reserved Tektronix products are covered by U S and foreign patents issued and pending Information in this publication supercedes that in all previously published material Specifications and price change privileges reserved Tektronix Inc P O Box 500 Beaverton OR 97077 TEKTRONIX TEK and NetTek are registered trademarks of Tektronix Inc WARRANTY Tektronix warrants that the products that it manufactures and sells will be free from defects in materials and workmanship for a period of one 1 year from the date of purchase from an authorized Tektronix distributor If any such product proves defective during this warranty period Tektronix at its option either will repair the defective product without charge for parts and labor or will provide a replacement in exchange for the defective product Batteries are excluded from this warranty In order to obtain service under this warranty Customer must notify Tektronix of the defect before the expiration of the warranty period and make suitable arrangements for the performance of service Customer shall be responsible for packaging and shipping the defective product to the service center designated by Tektronix shipping charges prepaid and with a copy of customer proof of purchase Tektronix shall pay for the return of th
135. o instructions appear after you insert the CD ROM use Windows Explorer to display the contents of the CD ROM and double click the setup exe file to begin the installation Follow the on screen instructions 3 If you received new software as part of an upgrade kit place the label supplied in the kit on the bottom edge of your YBA250 module YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual D 1 Appendix D Upgrading Reinstalling Software D 2 YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual E S Appendix E Functional Verification Procedure This appendix provides a functional verification procedure The procedure verifies the basic functionality of the YBA250 The functional verification procedure can be used for incoming inspection purposes NOTE The functional verification procedure in this appendix does not confirm that the YBA250 meets or exceeds the performance requirements for the specifications listed in Appendix A There are two parts to this procedure m Self Tests provides instructions for performing the internal diagnostic self tests m Functional Tests provides instructions for verifying capabilities not completely covered by the diagnostic self tests Requires the use of a signal generator Self Tests Equipment Required m None Prerequisite m None To run the internal diagnostics self tests 1 Power up the NetTek Analyzer Platform 2 Press File gt Exit to quit the YBA250 applicati
136. old point YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual 3 33 Working with Traces Table 3 2 Trace type options Cont Trace type Description Each point in the trace represents the maximum amplitude measured at that frequency since the acquisition was started Acquisition can be restarted by tapping the the restart button Updates displayed point only if new point gt old point Max Min Max This is a combination of Min and Max Each point in the trace has both a minimum and maximum value that correspond respectively to the minimum and maximum values measured at that frequency since the acquisition was started Acquisition can be restarted by tapping the restart button Displays a bar between Max and Min points The usual trace type is Normal However you can set the trace type to any of the other four trace types To specify the trace type select the desired trace type from the Trace drop down list See Figure 3 17 Select Trace type from this list Measurement Method Factory Calibration Return Loss gt Fast i Auto Scale Trace 1 Normal Eg Figure 3 17 Setting the trace type 3 34 YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual Working with Traces You can also set the trace type in the Setup window 1 Select Setup gt Edit 2 Tap the appropriate tab to set the trace type for a particular measurement a Tap the Frequency tab to set the trace type for Re
137. om the receiver to the serial port is connected and that the PCMCIA card is firmly seated Ensure that the receiver is set to regularly output NMEA sentences If you have purchased the vxHpc terminal emulator you can view the NMEA sentences being sent Open the vxHpc terminal emulator by tapping Start gt Programs gt Communication gt vxHpc To view the NMEA sentences being sent you need to set up vxHpc to connect to the correct port m Fora serial port GPS receiver set up vxHpc to connect to COM1 m For the Teletype WorldNavigator set up vxHpc to connect to Teletype_1358 for Y350C NetTek Analyzer Platforms or COM64 for Y400 NetTek Analyzer Platforms Configure the serial port as follows m 4800 baud m 8 data bits m No parity 1 stop bit m No flow control Open the session You should see NMEA sentences being sent the GPS receiver If you do not see NMEA sentences either the GPS receiver is not sending the sentences or the connection to the GPS receiver is not passing them check the cables again Refer to your GPS receiver documentation to find out how to output NMEA sentences regularly YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual 2 63 Configuring the Instrument 2 64 YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual A nie Reference hy Se Setting the Signal Standards and Test Frequency Range Selecting Signal Standards The signal standards provide a fast way to spe
138. on The User normalization is more than seven days old m The internal temperature of either module changes by more than 5 C 9 F from the temperature values at which the User normalization was created m The YBA250 automatically replaces the current User normaliza tion set with the Default normalization if present and changes the normalization status from User or User to Default under the following conditions m Frequency start and or stop values were entered that are different than those in the User normalization A power output level value was entered that is different than the one in the User normalization m The YBA250 automatically changes the normalization status from User User or Default to UnNormalized if either or both YBA250 or YBT250 modules are replaced with a different serial numbered module m The Default normalization data is always usable when used with the same YBT250 YBA250 module combination used to create the default normalization even when the data is older than seven days or the module temperatures exceed the above limits If you use multiple frequency ranges or power levels to take measurements it may be convenient to create and save a user normalization entry for each of the measurements Loading a saved User Normalization sets the instrument to the frequency range and power setting associated with that normalization m Default and User normalization data sets work only with the spec
139. on 2 8 Smoothing View Menu 2 14 smoothing 2 58 Software load process 1 11 software reinstalling D 1 upgrading D 1 Software Info Tools menu 2 16 software version xiv span Glossary 2 specifications A 1 Start menu 2 2 Start and Stop frequency setting 3 5 startup application setting 2 6 Status area desktop 2 2 icons 2 3 STATUS indicator 1 2 Status indicator 1 2 Stop icon 2 8 Strand hook 1 18 suspend mode 1 12 YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual Index 5 Index T taskbar desktop 2 2 Technical support contact information xv technician name setting 2 60 Tektronix contacting xv test frequency range 3 3 tilt stand 1 16 timestamp readout 2 9 TMA Glossary 2 Tools menu 2 16 touch screen calibration 1 11 Touchscreen Calibration command Tools menu 2 16 tower mounted amplifier TMA 3 28 Trace 2 View Menu 2 14 trace display options 3 39 Trace2 3 38 Troubleshooting GPS receiver 2 62 two port measurement 2 23 Glossary 2 U UnNormalized normalization 2 44 Unusable normalization 2 42 Upgrade Software command Tools menu 2 16 URL Tektronix xv User normalization 2 43 User Cal calibration status 2 28 User calibration status 2 28 user normalization creating 2 45 loading 2 48 saving 2 46 User normalization 2 43 user defined cable type 3 19 V Valid normalization 2 42 velocity of propagation
140. on if it is running 3 Press Start gt Programs gt Tektronix Utilities gt Diagnostics in the taskbar YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual E 1 Appendix E Functional Verification Procedure E 2 4 Tap the box next to All Modules All Tests to expand the selection tree 5 Tap the check box next to Platform to deselect the platform diagnostics 6 Verify that Module 1 Digital and Module 1 Analog are selected See Figure E 1 Extended Diagnostics EA x Diagnostics Failure Log Power On Self Tests Test Name Last Result Fail Count Stopped Run All Modules All Tests Loop Count a Platform p 144 Module 1 Digital Loop f FA Module 1 Analog CQ Until Fail Continuous Claes Figure E 1 Settings to run diagnostics 7 Select LOOP set the loop count to 1 8 Tap Run 9 Verify that each test executes and passes NOTE If you encounter any errors you can tap the Failure Log tab to display more information If the YBA250 fails any of its diagnostic tests contact your local Tektronix service representative 10 Tap Close to exit the diagnostic system YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual Appendix E Functional Verification Procedure Functional Tests In the following test you will perform a User calibration and then measure the return loss of a 50 Q load from a calibration kit Equipment Required m Calibration Kit
141. ont panel 1 1 conventions xiv Coordinates saving GPS data 2 61 Cover Distance setting 3 23 creating a default normalization 2 44 creating a user normalization 2 45 customizing the cable standards table 3 20 CW signal mode 3 31 CW Signal Mode button 2 11 YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual Index 1 Index D DC power adapter 1 6 Default normalization 2 43 default normalization creating 2 44 Define Mask View Menu 2 14 Define Trace 2 View Menu 2 14 Define Trace 2 tab 3 38 Desktop icons 2 3 overview 2 1 status area 2 2 desktop icon 2 2 program button 2 2 Start menu 2 2 taskbar 2 2 desktop AC power supply 1 6 dimensions external A 7 display preferences 2 57 displaying saved traces 3 37 Distance button 2 10 distance to a fault 3 13 distance units setting 3 35 E Edit command Setup menu 2 15 enabling signal standards 2 53 3 1 Exit command File menu 2 14 Export Results command File menu 2 13 Export Screen As command File menu 2 14 Export Screen command File menu 2 13 exporting results 3 64 screens 3 65 external power supplies 1 6 F Factory calibration status 2 28 Factory Reset command Tools menu 2 16 file extensions results files 3 40 File menu 2 13 file options setting 2 58 file prefix setting 2 59 filename length 2 60 find information start Help 2 4 flash memory Glossary 1 floppy disk button
142. ow the YBA250 to automatically name files for you When files are saved without a specified prefix the file name is simply a number for example 0004 r01 However you can specify a prefix for automati cally named files so that you can more easily identify saved files Actual filenames will consist of the prefix you specify attached to a number which is generated when the file is saved For example if you are testing Site 5 you could set the prefix to s5 resulting in a filename of s50004 r01 YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual 2 59 Configuring the Instrument 2 60 NOTE The length of a file name is variable depending on the length of the path where the file is located The limit of the path and file name is 256 characters The shorter the path to the file the longer the file name can be To specify the file name prefix 1 Select Setup gt Edit This displays the Setup window 2 Tap the Save amp Export tab See Figure 2 24 3 Tap the box after File Prefix 4 Enter text using the soft keyboard or an external keyboard to use as the prefix of file names 5 Tap OK to save your changes Setting the Technician Name The YBA250 allows you to store the name of the technician performing a test in the results file for the test To specify the technician s name 1 Select Setup gt Edit This displays the Setup window 2 Tap the Save amp Export tab See Figure 2 24 3 Tap the box
143. pausing the display exporting a screen and saving results to a file The Mask Maker Window Masks are created with the Mask Maker utility To display the mask Maker window select Tools gt Mask Maker See Figure 3 28 Mask Maker lt cdmaretloss hdb gt New Mask _Gopen save Save As Done Touch in graph to edit points or add points Ea Es Ee x MHz2 809 69 823 60 810 00 MHe 910 00 a x Mae Fl 3s High limit 8 0 Low limit Add new trace Se Sele stat Rvescso Roe 0 de 4 30PM Figure 3 28 The Mask Maker utility YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual 3 51 Mask Testing 3 52 Table 3 5 Mask maker buttons and icons Button Icon New Mask Open Hsave T gt le S 4 ke pl x Trace 1 ASU Description Creates a new mask Opens an existing mask for editing Saves changes to the current mask Save changes to the current mask with a different name or to a different location Cursor arrows button Tap to display the cursor arrows Cursor arrow Tap to move the selected point in the desired direction Keypad button Tap to display the numeric keypad Done Tap to exit the Mask Maker utility Rescale button Tap to scale the current mask so all points are visible in the graph Delete Point Tap to delete the selected point from the mask
144. pend mode Two batteries installed 4 hours with measurements active 8 hours in suspend mode Recommended Calibration Interval 1 year YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual A 7 Appendix A Specifications Table A 7 Safety compliance Category Standards or description Safety ISA 82 02 01 Compliance Safety Standard for Electrical and Electronic Test Measuring Controlling and Related Equipment CAN CSA C22 2 No 1010 1 Safety Requirements for Electrical Equipment for Measurement Control and Laboratory Use EN 61010 1 Safety Requirements for Electrical Equipment for Measurement Control and Laboratory Use IEC61010 1 Safety Requirements for Electrical Equipment for Measurement Control and Laboratory Use UL3111 1 Standard for Electrical Measuring and Test Equipment A 8 YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual Appendix A Specifications Table A 8 Electromagnetic compatibility EMC Category Standards or description Meets the intent of Directive 89 336 EEC for Electromagnetic Compatibility Compliances were demonstrated using EN 61326 1997 EMC Product Family Standard for Electrical Equipment for Measurement Control and Laboratory use EC Declaration of Conformity EMC Emissions EN 61326 Class A Radiated and Conducted Emissions EN 61000 3 2 A14 Conducted Power Line Harmonic Current EN 61000 3 3 Voltage Fluctuations and Flicker Immunity 2 IEC 61000 4
145. pendix E Functional Verification Procedure Calibration at Test Port You may perform these steps in any order The OK button will be available when all three steps are done You may press Cancel to exit at any time Open Done Connect the reference open and press Open Open short Done Connect the reference short and press Short Short rLoad Done Connect the reference load and press Load OK Cancel Help Figure E 4 Calibration window after calibration is done 18 Tap OK to accept the new calibration 19 Attach the 50 Q load from the calibration kit to the TEST PORT connector 20 Tap the Impedance button to measure return loss 21 If necessary tap the Start frequency label and set the start frequency to 25 MHz 22 If necessary tap the Stop frequency label and set the stop frequency to 2500 MHz 23 If necessary select View gt Markers to display the marker readout 24 Verify that the Min marker readout is greater than 45 dB This completes the Incoming Inspection procedure If your YBA250 did not complete the procedure without errors contact your local Tektronix service representative E 6 YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual a are Appendix F Supported Signal Standards This appendix lists the signal standards on which measurements can be made by the YBA250 Table F 1 Cellular standards supported Standard US CDMA Cellular TIA EIA 95 TIA EIA
146. ppendix A Specifications Table A 4 Environmental characteristics Characteristic Description Temperature Range Operating 0 C to 50 C Nonoperating 40 C to 60 C Test method per Military Standard MIL PRF 28800F Class 2 excluding the 23 C procedure in Test lt c gt and using the test limits indicated above Humidity Operating 5 to 95 Relative Humidity RH noncondensing up to 30 C 5 to 45 Relative Humidity RH noncondensing 30 C up to 50 C Nonoperating 5 to 95 Relative Humidity RH noncondensing up to 30 C 5 to 45 Relative Humidity RH noncondensing 30 C up to 50 C Test method per Military Standard MIL PRF 28800F Class 2 excluding Test Level lt b gt dwelling for 11 hours minimum at Test Levels lt a gt and lt c gt and using the test limits indicated above Altitude Operating Up to 4 600 m 15 092 ft Nonoperating Up to 15 240 m 50 000 ft A 6 YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual Appendix A Specifications Table A 5 Physical characteristics Characteristic Description Dimensions Height 24 1 cm 9 50 in Width 18 75 cm 7 38 in Depth 3 18 cm 1 25 in Weight lt 1 kg 2 2 lbs YBA250 module only 4 1 kg 9 lbs NetTek Analyzer Platform only with one battery Table A 6 Miscellaneous characteristics Characteristic Description Battery Life One battery installed 2 hours with measurements active 4 hours in sus
147. raph YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual Operating Basics YBA250 Menus The YBA250 menu bar has four menus These menus are File View Setup and Tools Some menu commands have keyboard shortcuts for use when an optional keyboard is attached to the NetTek Analyzer Platform but not all menu commends have keyboard shortcuts Tables 2 7 through 2 10 describe the YBA250 menus Table 2 7 The File menu Menu item Control key Description Open Ctrl O Displays Open Results dialog Save Results Ctrl S Saves measurement results to a file The file is automatically named and stored in Builtln Disk YBA250 AppData Results Saves measurement results to a file displays Save As dialog so you can name the file and specify where it is saved Save Results As Compare Saved Displays two saved results for visual comparison Export Results As Saves measurement results in a file format that can used by word processing or spreadsheet applica tions Export Screen Stores an image of the display that can be used by word processing or image editing applications The file is automatically named and stored in BuiltInDisk YBA250 AppDa ta Results YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual 2 13 Operating Basics 2 14 Table 2 7 The File menu Cont Menu item Control key Description Export Screen As Stores an image of the display that can be used by word processin
148. re 3 18 Setting the distance units 3 Change the distance units by tapping the appropriate Distance Units option button Saving Results You can save a trace for later recall For example you can save an example of a good trace for comparison with a live trace later To save a trace with an automatically generated filename m Select File gt Save Results Traces are saved in the BuiltInDisk YBA250 AppData Results directory by default but that can be changed for future save operations by selecting a different path in the Save Results As window Remember that only traces saved within the BuiltInDisk folder or removable storage such as a PC memory card are stored in non volatile memory Traces saved outside the BuiltInDisk folder are lost when the NetTek Analyzer Platform is shutdown 3 36 YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual Working with Traces To save a trace with a name and location you specify 1 Select File gt Save Results As The Save As dialog box appears 2 Enter a name and location for the file and tap OK NOTE Traces are saved with the settings in effect at the time the trace is saved Displaying a Saved Trace You can display a previously saved trace for review or comparison with another trace To display a saved trace 1 Select File gt Open The Open dialog box appears 2 Locate the saved trace tap the name of the trace and then tap OK NOTE Traces are saved wi
149. reen instructions to set the location and amount of pressure needed for the touch screen to respond to your taps Apply pressure to the touch screen for approximately 5 seconds at each position until the target moves 5 Select OK to close the dialog box and save your settings Powering Off the Instrument 1 12 The NetTek Analyzer Platform has separate but related standby and power off functions Suspend Mode Use Suspend mode to place the NetTek Analyzer Platform in a suspended standby or sleep state This is the typical power down mode that allows the YBA250 software to remain in volatile memory If the NetTek Analyzer Platform remains in Suspend mode for an extended time approximately two hours it automatically enters Shutdown mode To suspend analyzer operation choose one of the following methods m Press the front panel power switch Select Start gt Programs gt Shutdown In the Shut Down dialog box select Suspend To cancel Suspend mode and wake up the NetTek Analyzer Platform press the front panel power switch The instrument returns to the state that existed before suspend mode was invoked YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual Getting Started Shutdown Mode To completely power down the NetTek Analyzer Platform do the following 1 Select Start gt Programs gt Shutdown 2 In the Shut Down dialog box select Shutdown A shutdown clears volatile memory including the YBA
150. requency Range 3 1 Selecting Signal Standards oy icin Gad deeeews eeaadkwe ds 3 1 The Test Frequency Range 5 saz deieAcos arteceowuara oeect mene ahha 3 2 Setting the Test Frequency Range by Standard and Directions arenis oe eee te et RPA a tee 3 3 Setting the Test Frequency Range by Start and Stop Frequency soere canana TEn Genki ease bees o es 3 5 Measuring Return Loss and VSWR eee eee 3 7 The Return Loss Display 26x Gee cute eee eee ee eee 3 7 Measuring Return Loss VSWR 020 eee eee eee 3 8 Measuring Cable Loss av csaa cca wiee beer eeetew oor wees 3 11 Measuring the Distance to a Fault 08 3 13 The Distance to Fault Display 02 02 e eee 3 13 Measuring the Distance toa Fault 00 000 3 14 Changing the Vertical Scale Units 000000 3 16 Limiting the Bandwidth for a Bandpass Filter 3 16 Setting Cable Types ics wats beads Oe aioe Sanwa teen ts 3 17 Creating a User Defined Cable Type 3 19 Customizing the Cable Standards Table 3 20 Improving the Display of Distance Measurements 3 22 Resolution of Distance to Fault Measurement 3 23 ii YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual Table of Contents Measuring Insertion Gain and Loss 008 The Insertion Gain Loss Window 0 eee eeee Measuring Insertion Gain or Loss 0 0000
151. ries You can also charge batteries in the optional external battery charger Table 1 1 Approximate battery charge times Number of batteries in Instrument powered Instrument powered instrument on off 1 8 hours 3 hours 2 16 hours 6 hours NOTE To achieve optimum performance from a new battery fully charge the battery Then fully discharge the battery by leaving the YBA250 running see Start gt Help gt Settings gt Power Management for information on disabling the power saver function then fully charge the battery again YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual 1 9 Getting Started Batteries are partially charged and calibrated at the factory A calibrated battery allows the NetTek Analyzer Platform to more accurately estimate how much longer the YBA250 can operate before the instrument automatically powers off The YBA250 always warns you before it powers off so that you can save important test results or settings To verify the status of your batteries at any time 1 Select Start gt Settings gt Control Panel 2 Double tap the Power Management icon The Batteries tab lists the status of each battery If the battery charge is low connect the NetTek Analyzer Platform to an external power source and let the battery or batteries recharge in the instrument for eight hours For more information select Start gt Help gt Settings gt Power Management gt Charging Batteries Maximizing Ba
152. s and attenuators during the User normalization process that you will use to take the on site insertion gain loss measurements Using attenuators on the module ports improves measurement accuracy by minimizing impedance mismatch errors between the module ports and the system or device under test NOTE If you are measuring an amplifier that requires the use of a bias tee perform the normalization with the bias tee in the normalization setup if possible otherwise subtract the bias tee absolute loss value from the gain measurement value 9 Tap the Normalize button The instrument generates the normalization data and then closes the window and returns you to the Normalization window The newly created User normalization is stored in memory and is set as the current User normalization until explicitly overwritten by creating a new User normalization or loading a saved User normalization Saving a User Normalization To save a User normalization to a file do the following 1 Tap the Save Normalization button to display the Normalization Browser window YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual Calibration and Normalization Normalization Browser x Select where to save the normalization set rgj usrnorm1 unusable 38C 30 00 826 98 3 10 12 2004 rgj usr2 yes 33C 30 00 165 00 20 11 2 2004 rgjnorm3 no 40 c 30 00 826 93 3 1 26 2005 Additonal Information Cancel Help Figure
153. s excellent for locating high level malfunctions such as testing an amplifier with low or no gain isolating a transmission line problem or testing a lightning dam aged filter The YBA250 does not ship with a Default normalization you should create one before performing any measurements The YBA250 can take measurements without a Default or User normalization loaded but the measurements will not be accurate For reasonable accuracy create a new Default normalization on site before taking measurements A User normalization is only valid for the frequency range and power level used when the normalization data was collected The normalization frequency and power information is shown in the normalization screens Bias Tees filters and attenuators required to take a measurement as opposed to filters and attenuators you are testing for correct operation should be connected to the attenuators on the NetTek Analyzer ports and a new normalization created to remove their effects from the measurement path For maximum measurement accuracy use the same cables and attenuators used to create the normalization data set to take measurements YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual Calibration and Normalization m The User normalization becomes less accurate and the YBA250 automatically changes normalization status from User to User under the following conditions the YBA250 continues to use the current User normalizati
154. ssion Line Analyzer User Manual Operating Basics Table 2 1 describes the functions of some common status icons For a complete list and explanation of all status area icons refer to the NetTek Analyzer Platform online help 1 Select Start gt Help 2 In the Help window select Windows CE Basics 3 Select Understanding Taskbar Icons Table 2 1 Status area icons Tap this icon Details F Double tap to open the Power The analyzer is operating Management utility on external AC power 9 Double tap to open the Power The analyzer is charging Management utility batteries a Double tap to open the Power The analyzer is operating Management utility on battery power Also indicates charge level 9 Double tap to open the Backlight Adjust the backlight bright utility ness Single tap to open the Input Single tap to close the Panel soft keyboard keyboard 4 12 PM Double tap to open the Date Time Set the date and time utility E Single tap to minimize all win Tap again to restore all dows and display the desktop windows YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual 2 3 Operating Basics Getting Help To open the Help window and obtain general information on YBA250 topics select Help from the Start menu Select YBA250 to get help on the YBA250 There are three ways to display Help when you are running the YBA250 software m Tap the 2 icon in the upper right corner of the YBA250 display This
155. t this button after you have performed a new calibration to save the calibration YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual 2 27 Calibration and Normalization 2 28 What is the Current Calibration Status The YBA250 displays the current calibration status next to the Calibration button There are three calibration status labels Factory When this status is displayed the YBA250 is using the Factory calibration set User When this status is displayed the YBA250 is using a User calibration set A User calibration is listed as valid for seven days User Cal This indicates that the YBA250 is using a User Calibration set but either too much time has elapsed since the last calibration more than seven days the internal temperature has changed more than 10 Celsius 18 Fahrenheit or the power level doesn t match what it was at the last calibration Performing a User Calibration To perform a User calibration you must have a YBAC1 Calibration Kit or an equivalent calibration kit The YBAC1 is a set of precision terminations an Open a Short and a Load The termina tions are calibrated and the connectors are precision connectors NOTE The accuracy of the YBA250 cannot be guaranteed if you perform a new calibration with terminations that are not part of a YBACI Calibration Kit or an equivalent calibration kit Short Load Figure 2 8 Precision terminations from YBAC1 Calibration
156. tance Options Masks General Save amp Export Trace controls for Frequency measurements VSWR Return Loss and Cable Loss Trace 1 Type Normal View Trace 2 Trace 2 Type Normal Filename for saved Type Cancel Help Figure 3 19 Defining Trace 2 2 By default Trace 2 is a live trace You can set the trace type for a live trace Set the trace type for Trace 2 with the drop down list You can choose Normal Average Min Max or Min Max 3 To set Trace 2 to a saved trace select Saved from the drop down list Enter the path to the saved trace in the input box or tap Browse Select the desired results file from the Select Saved Result dialog box and tap OK 4 Tap OK to save your changes and close the Setup window Comparing Two Results Files The YBA250 provides the ability for you to compare two saved results to each other This would be useful in comparing previous antenna test results YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual 3 39 Working with Traces 3 40 To compare two saved results 1 Select File gt Compare Saved The Open dialog appears See Figure 3 20 For the first result selected the dialog is labeled Select first result file to compare Select first result file to compare l c E EA z lok x QJ BuiltInDisk yba250 AppData Results i OO OO a2 a 0001 a02 0001 a03 0002 a08 Name Type Results files
157. tance between data points will shorten When you change the method to Normal or High Resolution without changing the Cover Distance the Approx Time will increase as will the Resolution YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual 3 23 Measuring the Distance to a Fault 3 24 YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual a Measuring Insertion Gain and Loss The YBA250 can quickly and easily take two port insertion gain and loss measurements Two port measurements also known as transmission measurements provide insertion gain and loss measurements by using two test ports a signal source the YBA250 module and a signal receiver the YBT250 module Results are displayed as a graph level versus frequency and a single numeric readout that shows the average gain or loss value over the specified frequency span Insertion gain measures the gain in dB of active devices such as tower mounted amplifiers TMA repeaters and boosters Active devices may be integrated with other components including filters duplexers splitters and combiners You can also measure the insertion gain of an entire RF path that includes amplifiers and passive devices Insertion loss measures the loss in dB of active devices such as filters duplexers splitters combiners as well as passive components such as cable Two port insertion gain and loss measurements are best for measuring signal paths that contain active wide dyn
158. th the settings in effect at the time the trace is saved When a saved trace is displayed the stored settings values will be shown for reference though no actual instrument settings will change As soon as you press to return to making new acquisitions the settings will be restored to what they were before the saved trace was opened YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual 3 37 Working with Traces Comparing Traces The YBA250 enables you to compare traces two ways The first allows you to compare a live trace to a reference trace The second way compares two saved traces Comparing a Live Trace to a Reference Trace The YBA250 provides the ability for you to visually compare the current live trace against a reference trace The reference trace called Trace 2 can be another current trace or a saved trace To display a second trace m Select View gt Trace 2 or i m Tap the Rotate Traces icon E If Trace 2 is not enabled selecting the Rotate Trace icon enables the Trace 2 display Defining Trace 2 Trace 2 can be a live trace for example an averaged display of the latest acquisitions or a saved trace To define Trace 2 1 Select View gt Define Trace 2 The Setup window appears when you select the Frequency Distance or Insertion tab See Figure 3 19 3 38 YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual Working with Traces i Frequency Insertion Distance Dis
159. the Channel Table contents to suit your specific measurement needs See Customizing the Channel Table on page G 1 for more information Setting the Test Frequency Range by Start and Stop Frequency To set the test frequency range by specifying the start and stop frequencies 1 Tap the numeric keypad next to the Start or Stop frequency entry box located below the menu bar see Figure 3 2 This displays the Enter Frequency dialog shown in Figure 3 4 YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual 3 5 Setting the Signal Standards and Test Frequency Range Fnter Frequency E 881 3 0d on ES ea Figure 3 4 Entering the frequency with the keypad 2 Enter the desired frequency by tapping the keypad You enter a frequency by tapping a number followed by a multiplier You must include the multiplier GHz MHz KHz or Hz to complete your input m For example to enter a frequency of 370 MHz tap 3 70 MHz To enter a frequency of 370 330 MHz tap 3 70 33 0 MHz To correct a mistyped number tap the backspace button If you enter a number that is outside the frequency range of the YBA250 the frequency is set to the maximum or minimum depending on the value you entered To set the start and stop frequencies using the knob 1 Tap the box at the bottom of the frequency display containing the Start or Stop frequency This assigns the knob to the selected frequency The lab
160. the test frequency range m Select the signal standard channel and direction Set the start and stop frequencies manually see page 3 5 Setting the Test Frequency Range by Standard and Direction The easiest way to set the test frequency range is to select the signal standard and direction This way you don t have to remember the specific frequencies for a signal standard Setting the signal standard and direction sets the test frequency range so that it covers the span of the entire selected standard plus 10 of the total span above and below YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual 3 3 Setting the Signal Standards and Test Frequency Range To set the test frequency range by selecting the signal standard and direction 1 Select the signal standard from the drop down list See Figure 3 2 Only enabled signal standards are listed in the drop down list If a supported signal standard is not listed you can add it by selecting More from the drop down list For more information on enabling signal standards see page 3 1 2 To set the bandwidth tap one of the Forward w Reverse l or Both 2 buttons Setting the Test Frequency Range by Channel To test a specific channel within a signal standard use the Channel button When you set the test frequency range using the Channel button the center of the frequency display is set to the center frequency of the specified channel The test frequency ran
161. tional setups until you have selected all the setups you want in the Setup menu You can select up to 10 setups to appear in the Setup menu To remove a setup from the Setup menu list select the setup to remove from the Setup menu List window and tap lt lt Delete 6 Once you have selected all the setups you want listed in the Setup menu tap OK 3 72 YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual hy ES Appendices T faa Appendix A Specifications This section lists the electrical environmental and physical specifications of the YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer All specifications are guaranteed unless labeled typical Typical specifications are provided for your convenience and are not guaranteed The specifications in this section apply to the YBA250 module unless otherwise specified For NetTek Analyzer Platform specifica tions please refer to the NetTek Analyzer Platform User Manual Table A 1 Measurement characteristics Frequency Characteristic Frequency Range Frequency Accuracy Frequency Resolution Return Loss Characteristics Return Loss Measurement Return Loss Display Range Return Loss Resolution Description 25 MHz 2500 MHz 75 ppm Accuracy specifications guaranteed after 5 minute warm up period 100 kHz Description Return loss is defined as 20 log Reflection Coefficient Where Z Z Reflection Coefficient ZF Z and Z is the measur
162. to 2500 MHz 100 dB to 100 dB 0 01 dB 1 0 dB for components with VSWR lt 1 5 1 When using a bias T with voltage above 12 Volts avoid exceeding the voltage rating of attenuators in the signal path This risk is present when the bias T is part of the normalization signal path without the amplifier Reflections in the signal path create standing waves when operating at a fixed frequency When frequency is swept these reflections cause ripple in the measurement waveform The average insertion gain reading indicates the average gain over the frequency range displayed YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual Appendix A Specifications Table A 2 Measurement port characteristics Impedance Test Port Description Connector Type N Female Nominal Impedance 50 Q Impedance Port Match gt 9 5 dB return loss Output signal Amplitude 3 dBm 20 dBm Maximum Applied Signal Ampli lt 20 dBm without damage tude Maximum Interfering Signal 11 dBm Amplitude Working Voltage 40 V DC peak AC Table A 3 Calibration characteristics Characteristic Description Maximum Cable Length for 10 0 feet 3 05 meters Calibration Calibration Temperature Range User calibration is accurate within 10 C 18 F from the temperature at which the calibration was performed Warm up time All specifications are valid after a 5 minute warm up period YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual A 5 A
163. ts Two port measurements connect both ends of a signal path to the YBA250 and YBT250 modules to measure insertion gain and insertion loss 2 24 YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual TA EN Calibration and Normalization To get the most accurate measurements calibrate the YBA250 before you begin to make measurements at a site One port measurements return cable loss VSWR and DTF require a calibration process described below Two port measurements insertion gain loss require a normalization process starting on page 2 40 Calibrating the YBA250 To get the most accurate one port measurements calibrate the YBA250 each time before taking measurements at a site There are two types of one port measurement calibration Factory and User The Factory calibration is a calibration data set generated during manufacture and saved in non volatile memory that can be recalled at any time The Factory calibration provides good measurement accuracy without requiring the use of a calibration kit The User calibration is a calibration data set generated using the YBAC1 Calibration Kit or an equivalent calibration kit with the instrument and saved in non volatile memory that can be recalled at any time Using a User calibration data set compensates for changes in instrument temperature power level and component aging to ensure the most accurate measurements The YBAC1 is a set of three high precision measurement standar
164. ts of the Calibration Browser Window The Calibration Browser window is used to select a saved calibration to load But how do you know which calibration set to load There are several fields of information in the browser window that can help you decide which calibration set to load Table 2 12 Calibration Browser Fields Field Description Name The name given to the calibration set when it was saved Cable Either Yes or No Yes indicates the calibration was performed using Calibrate with cable No indicates the calibration was performed with Calibrate at Test Port Valid Either Yes or No If Yes the temperature at the time of the calibration was run is within 10 C 18 F of the current temperature less than a week has elapsed since the calibration set was saved and the current power level is that same as that of the calibration set If No the temperature when the calibration set was saved is too different from the current temperature more than one week has elapsed since the calibration set was saved possibly both or the current power level is different from the power level setting of the calibration set YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual 2 37 Calibration and Normalization 2 38 Table 2 12 Calibration Browser Fields Cont Field Power Temp Date Current Conditions Description Either High or Low The output power setting when the calibration was performed The internal temper
165. ttery Operating Time For tips on how to maximize battery operating time select Start gt Help gt Settings gt Power Management gt Optimizing Battery Life Transporting Lithium ion Batteries Regulations regarding transportation of lithium ion batteries on passenger aircraft may subject this product to special handling restrictions Consult your air carrier for applicability and determina tion of any special lithium ion battery transportation requirements Each NetTek Analyzer Platform lithium ion battery pack contains less than 8 grams of lithium with individual cells each containing less than 1 5 grams of lithium as measured by International Civil Aviation Organization ICAO standards 1 10 YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual Getting Started Powering On the Instrument To power on the NetTek Analyzer Platform press the large blue oval front panel switch in the lower left corner The green status indicator to the right of the switch lights and the system begins its power on process The touch screen display and human interface are described in the Operating Basics section How the Software Loads When you press the power switch on the front panel the NetTek Analyzer Platform powers on and runs its startup diagnostics if enabled Once the NetTek Analyzer Platform has completed its power on sequence the YBA250 software begins to load If there is enough flash memory available the software loa
166. turn Loss measurements b Tap the Insertion tab to set the trace type for the Insertion Gain Loss measurements c Tap the Distance tab to set the trace type for Distance to Fault measurements 3 Select the desired trace type from the drop down list If you select Average you can also set the number of traces averaged together to create the trace display The default number of averages is 10 This number applies to both Trace 1 and 2 a To set the number of averages tap the General tab Then tap the keypad next to Number of Averages b Enter the number of traces to average and then tap OK 4 Tap OK to save your changes Changing the Units of the Distance to Fault Display The units of distance in the Distance to Fault display can be set to either feet or meters To change the distance units of the Distance to Fault display 1 Tap the Edit button eor or select Setup gt Edit 2 Tap the General tab See Figure 3 18 YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual 3 35 Working with Traces Frequency Insertion Distance Distance Options l Masks General Save amp Export Distance Units Number of Averages fio Feet Trace 1 and 2 10 Meters Output Power Return Loss VSRWV Cable Loss amp DTF Low power Power up default High x High Power Recommended default at startup m Smooth Waveform as needed for DTF and Insertion L x cancer Hep Figu
167. u will be testing tap OK Only enabled standards are listed in the signal standards list that appears in the tuning controls area of the measurement displays NOTE You can also double tap on a standard to move it from one list to the other The Test Frequency Range All measurements except DTF are made across a test frequency range The test frequency range is defined by specifying a start and a stop frequency You must set the test frequency range before making a measurement Figure 3 2 shows the location of the frequency information as well as the buttons and controls used to set the test frequency range 3 2 YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual Setting the Signal Standards and Test Frequency Range Signal Standard list Start frequency Start frequency Channel button AMPS EIA 553 Measurement MethcR NE Y Calibration Feunies FI Fat M PAR z Trace 1 orea aie AR 6 4 a 0 00 Forward Reverse Both buttons E Be z 12 00 4 18 00 4 V 24 00 4 i l ean aia U ESSN hd bet eee eee leat ee he S oa Start MHz 36 00 Start en 42 0L 48 00 Sop frequency 810 00 o a m k 810 00 i 860 00 MHz 910 00 d 660 000 O 860 000 0 0 000 A 813 600 W 857 200 MHz T M1 23 110 M2 23 110 M1 M2 0 000 Max gt 54 Min 22 950 dB Center frequency Figure 3 2 Frequency range controls There are two ways to set
168. ues and output power level required for the measurement For maximum accuracy create a User normalization on site before taking measure ments m Tap the Channel button Chan to set the frequency span to a specific channel to measure The YBA250 centers the display at the center frequency of the selected channel and sets the span to twice the bandwidth specified by the signal standard or 1 5 MHz whichever is greater YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual 3 27 Measuring Insertion Gain and Loss 3 28 If a Forward Reverse or Both button is selected the associated band information is taken into account when the Start and Stop frequencies are set After you have selected a channel tap OK m Enter the Start and Stop frequencies in the frequency fields adjacent to the Channel button by using the numeric keypad icons or the knob m Tap either the Forward ap or Reverse 1 button to measure across just the forward or reverse bands To measure across both the Forward and Reverse bands tap the Both a button 6 Select the signal power output level from the Power Output Level list 7 Set the measurement mode to either Single measurement gt or Continuous measurement D gt 8 If necessary tap the Play button to start taking measurements NOTE Continuous measurements consume more battery power than single shot measurements To extend battery based operation use single shot mode whenever possi
169. ults always perform a User calibration before you begin taking measurements at a site However if this isn t possible for example you don t have a YBAC1 Calibration Kit or an equivalent calibration kit with you you can load saved user calibration sets or use the Factory Calibration Factory calibration is always available and provides reasonably accurate results m If you have saved calibration sets load the calibration set that most closely matches the current conditions Saved calibration sets will provide more accurate results than a Factory calibration set or the User Cal status YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual 2 39 Calibration and Normalization Normalizing the YBA250 Normalization generates measurement correction data to compensate for signal source variations test cable and attenuator losses and cable attenuator reflections for two port measurements Normaliza tion data Default or User must be loaded before you can perform accurate two port insertion gain or loss measurements There are two types of normalization Default and User The Default normalization data set covers the entire YBA250 frequency range 30 MHz to 2500 MHz and all signal source levels 3dBm to 60dBm This provides a general baseline measurement reference across all frequencies and signal levels Default normalization provides good measurement accuracy across all frequencies any time a User normalization is not ava
170. und trace FG Marker Max Places Max marker on Trace 1 T1 T2 FG T1 Trace 2 T2 or the Fore ground trace FG Table 2 9 The Setup menu Menu item Control key Description Edit Ctrl T Displays the Setup window Open Displays the Open Setup dialog Save Saves current setup to a file lt Saved Setup 1 N gt Displays the name of most recently used setup files or files specified in Tools gt Options gt Settings Menu Up to 10 files can be displayed YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual 2 15 Operating Basics Table 2 10 The Tools menu Menu item Control key Description Options Displays the Options window Keyboard Ctrl K Displays Hides the soft keyboard Touchscreen Displays the Windows CE Stylus Calibration utility Mask Maker Displays the Mask Maker utility Factory Reset Resets all YBA250 settings to original factory values overwrites existing settings Upgrade Software Displays the utility for enabling software options or installing a new version of the YBA250 application Technical Support Displays technical support contact information Software Info Displays the SW Properties window which lists among other things the installed options and Options key Hardware Info Displays the HW Properties window which lists among other things serial number hardware versions and Global ID 2 16 YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manua
171. vely smaller side lobes which emphasizes the main lobe making it easier to spot but reduces distance resolution 3 22 YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual Measuring the Distance to a Fault Resolution of Distance to Fault Measurement The resolution distance between data points shown in the Distance display is based on several interacting factors Resolution is important because it limits how accurately you can locate a fault The resolution varies with the Method the bandwidth used and the maximum distance setting The maximum distance bandwidth and Method settings can be changed Normally the only settings you need to adjust are the maximum distance and the Method However if your antenna has a bandpass filter installed you will need to limit the bandwidth on the YBA250 to make correct distance to fault measurements Limiting the bandwidth used by the YBA250 may limit the distance and resolution of the measurement To increase the resolution Tap the Edit button Tap the Distance Options tab See Figure 3 10 1 2 3 Tap the Cover Distance option button if it is not selected 4 Tap the numeric keypad next to the Cover Distance box 5 Enter the distance from the receiver to the antenna Review the displayed value for Resolution in the Values in use box Note that as you shorten the Cover Distance sufficiently without changing the Method the Resolution will improve that is the dis
172. ws evenly but do not overtighten To recess the thumb screw heads push and turn each screw head 1 4 turn in a clockwise direction To install additional modules up to three remove the bus cover from the installed module and install the additional module as shown in the above figures To maintain the module or instrument seal integrity reinstall the bus cover onto the outermost module or onto the NetTek Analyzer if removing a module YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual 1 5 Getting Started Connecting External Power Supplies 1 6 To power the NetTek Analyzer Platform from AC mains or DC vehicle voltage or recharge installed batteries connect the Desktop Power Supply or the In Vehicle Adapter to the NetTek Analyzer Platform as shown in Figure 1 7 The Desktop Power Supply operates from 100 VAC to 240 VAC mains Power adapter connector under bottom of strap Figure 1 7 External power supplies YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual Getting Started Batteries Installing or Removing a Battery The NetTek Analyzer Platform comes standard with a single battery which is not installed when the instrument is shipped Refer to Figures 1 8 through 1 10 for battery installation or removal steps NOTE Disconnect power supply cables from the NetTek Analyzer Platform before installing or removing batteries New batteries or batteries that have
173. you may need to access other parts of the system Read the General Safety Summary in other system manuals for warnings and cautions related to operating the system WARNING Do not connect to any source which may be subject to the effects of lightning To Avoid Fire or Personal Injury Use Proper Power Cord Use only the power cord specified for this product and certified for the country of use Connect and Disconnect Properly Do not connect or disconnect probes or test leads while they are connected to a voltage source Observe All Terminal Ratings To avoid fire or shock hazard observe all ratings and markings on the product Consult the product manual for further ratings information before making connections to the product The common terminal is at ground potential Do not connect the common terminal to elevated voltages Replace Batteries Properly Replace batteries only with the proper type and rating specified Recharge Batteries Properly Recharge batteries only as specified Use Proper AC Adapter Use only the AC adapter specified for this product Do Not Operate Without Covers Do not operate this product with covers or panels removed Do Not Operate With Suspected Failures If you suspect there is damage to this product have it inspected by qualified service personnel Do Not Operate in an Explosive Atmosphere YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual xvii General Safety Summary xviii
174. yzer Platform BTS Field Tool family This high performance portable field ready tester is optimized for fast trouble resolution and easy BTS antenna and tower mounted amplifier TMA performance verification Product Overview The standard YBA250 configuration consists of two components the YBA250 application module and the NetTek Analyzer Platform The application module contains the hardware and software needed to analyze antenna characteristics and performance The NetTek Analyzer Platform provides the power and user interface to run the YBA250 application module software and hardware The YBA250 can be purchased separately to install on a NetTek Analyzer Platform that you already have The YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer application features include m One port Return Loss and VSWR measurements to quickly analyze a system m One port Cable Loss measurement to analyze system cable characteristics One port distance to fault DTF measurement to identify the location Two port Insertion Gain and Loss measurements to analyze the characteristics of active components such as TMAs and directional couplers and passive devices such as bandwidth filters and cables m Advanced calibration and normalization techniques to eliminate the need to perform a calibration each time the frequency or display range is changed YBA250 Antenna and Transmission Line Analyzer User Manual xi Preface User defined calibration a

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