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Manual - Test Equipment Depot

1. Dane igna 17 b OPERATINGINSTRUCTIONS rre th 21 5 1 Description of the Controls and 1 2 21 5 2 Adjustment of Volume and Monitor 2 31 5 3 Selecting the Operation Mode TV Spectrum Analyser 31 5 4 Channel Tuning Frequency Tuning andl 5 5 Automatic Transmission Search ccceeceeseeceeceeeeeeeeeeeeeeteeeeeeeeeeeteas 32 5 6 Selecting the measurement configuration Analogue Digital signal 5 7 External Units Power Supply seen 5 8 Automatic signal identification function AUTO ID m 5 9 Channel plans iiri tenete irri cesa ete roni etae 5 10 Acquisition function DATALOGGER esee 5 10 1 DATALOGGER for Attenuation and IF SAT tests ge 5 11 Verification of distribution 5 12 Spectrum exploration function 5 13 Measurements configuration 5 13 1 DVB C QAM Digital Channel Configuration 5 13 2 DVB T H COFDM Digital Channel Configuration 5 13 3 DVB S S2 QPSK 8PSK Digital Channel Configuration 3 5 14 Selecting the Measurements sss 47 5 14 1 Analogue TV Measurin
2. 5 17 MER by carrier COFDM sssri isaning kunnde enne tnnt 5 17 1 Graph of MER by carrier COFDM 5 17 2 Merogram only TV EXPLORER 5 17 2 1 Configuration 5 17 2 2 Recall a Spectrogram file 5 17 2 3 Delete a Spectrogram file 5 18 Screen capture only TV EXPLORER I 5 18 1 Recall screen esses 5 18 2 Delete capture eene HS 5 19 PRINT SCREEN function only TV EXPLORER I eese 5 20 TV Operating Mode tree ee emen asciende aei ESTERS 5 20 1 Recording and playing video streams only TV EXPLORER P 5 21 Antenna Alignment Function sesssseseeseeneeneeennennnnenennnnnennnnnnns 5 22 DiSEqC Command Generator essen 5 23 SATCR function e 5 24 Using the alphanumeric keyboard 6 DESCRIPTION OF THE INPUTS AND 0 89 6 1 RUN DU tis cccccascccsetcessesesssccccesecerssctvacesestesactvaceass 1 89 6 2 USBport 89 6 3 Scart DIN EN 50049 isset tentent 89 6 4 Connector for CAM modules and SMART CARD only TV EXPLORER 90 f MAINTENANCE diviene tots o Ice Festes teen cet bees desea bred va been 7 1 Considerations about the Screen is 7 2 Cleaning Recommendations
3. Figure 53 Digital channel monitoring When pressing the cursor arrow 6 key will appear the tuning information window again in order to fix on screen this window the vertical cursors Y 6 key must be pressed up to select the OSD OFF field so press rotary selector 1 to switch to OSD ON Also the standard MPEG 2 profile is indicated which determines the compression rate for the digital service decodified the aspect ratio 4 3 the resolution horizontal x vertical for received video and the picture refreshment frequency rate In the OSD OFF mode the information window previously described will appear whenever the rotary selector is pressed again 1 When a digital channel is decodified once the Table of Services SDT Service Description Table acquisition is completed is possible to accede to the list of services contained in the Table For it place the field selector by means of the vertical cursors Y 6 key on the field of the active service e g VTV 1 in the following figure and later press the rotary selector 1 The DIGITAL SERVICES menu will appear then with the services available in the digital Multiplex Move the vertical cursors W 6 key or turn the rotary selector 1 and press it to select the service to visualise on screen Page 80 03 2008 USER S MANUAL TV EXPLORER 1 Figure 54 Digital channel monitoring Digital services Also is possible to change th
4. is a trademark of EUTELSAT 03 2008 Page 3 AXPROMAX USER S MANUAL TV EXPLORER II Il This instrument due to its extreme compact design technical specifications and low cost becomes the industry standard for the installer 12 Specifications N CONFIGURATION FOR MEASURING LEVEL AND POWER TUNING Tuning modes Resolution Automatic search Explorer Signal identification RF INPUT Impedance Connector Maximum signal Maximum input voltage DC to 100 Hz 5 MHz to 2150 MHz Digital frequency synthesis Continuous tuning from 5 to 1000 MHz and from 950 to 2150 MHz Chanel or frequency IF or downlink at satellite band Channel plan configurable on demand 5 1000 MHz 50 kHz 950 2150 MHz lt 200 kHz span FULL 500 200 100 50 32 16 MHz Threshold level selectable DVB T H DVB C and DVB S2 selection Analogue and digital Automatic 75 Universal with BNC or F adapter 130 dByV 50 Vrms powered by the AL 103 power charger 30 Vrms not powered by the AL 103 power charger 130 dByV DIGITAL SIGNALS MEASUREMENT POWER RANGE COFDM QAM QPSK 8PSK MEASUREMENTS DVB T H COFDM Presentation 45 dByV to 100 dByV 45 dByV to 110 dBuV 44 dByV to 114 dByV Power CBER VBER MER C N and Noise margin Numeric and level bar 3 Continuous tunning from 45 to 865 MHz for TV EXPLORER II Page4 03 2008 Test Equipment Depot 800 517 8431 99 Washington Stre
5. quality If concentration of symbols or noise appears is indicative of good carrier noise ratio or absence of problems as phase noise etc 5 16 Spectrum Analyser The Spectrum Analyser mode allows the user to discover the signals present in the frequency band in quickly and easily and to make measurements at the same time To select it press M 13 key The monitor will show a picture like the one described in the next figure Page 66 03 2008 MHz Figure 45 Spectrum analyser mode The horizontal lines define the signal level the broken lines being separated a distance equals to 10 dB The level of the top line 70 dBuV in previous figure named Reference Level can be altered using the vertical cursors Y 6 key over a range from 60 dByV to 130 dBpV by steps from 70 dByV to 130 dBuV in satellite band The vertical measurement range changes to 5 dB div by holding pressed the lower arrow cursor key A 6 and changes to 10 dB div by holding pressed the upper arrow cursor key 6 The signal level for each frequency is displayed vertically the lower frequencies appear at the left of the screen and the higher ones at the right The amplitude of the lobes is calibrated In the example in previous figure the noise level is at around 25 dBuV and the lobe with the highest signal level third from the right is at 70 dByV In the case that the equipment detects saturation on RF input due to
6. Each level is represented with a different colour the Y axis belongs to carriers and the X axis to time Therefore a colour map is showed on the display see figure 50 Any MER level could be displayed at any time reference using the cursors or the variable knob This tool is especially useful when a MER level analysis is going to be processed during a long period of time When the process is finished the capture could be showed and any anomaly will be easily detected at any time Only DVB T and DVB H signals could be used with this function Figure 50 Merogram Select a DVB H T Measure or TV signal screen and press 8 then select Merogram The Merogram will run according to the TV o Measures signal configuration The figure 51 shows the initial screen 03 2008 Page 73 ZXPROMAX USER S MANUAL TV EXPLORER II Il Figure 51 Initial screen On the X axis the time variables references are showed On the right corner the capturing elapsed time is displayed On the center the T Span is showed it defines the seconds that will be displayed on the screen For example if the T span is 60s therefore the last 60s captured will be displayed on the screen On the left corner the t variable is used to move the cursor at any time position regards to the initial capture time To adjust the T Span or t use the variable knob or the cursor On the Y axis are placed the carriers In this axis the initial and final carriers are showed and depend
7. ON OFF 2 to 38 Mbauds 2 to 30 Mbauds 0 20 0 25 and 0 35 1 4 1 3 2 5 1 2 3 5 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 8 9 9 10 and AUTO 3 5 2 8 3 4 5 6 8 9 9 10 and AUTO Selectable ON OFF Indication if are present Page 5 AXPROMAX USER S MANUAL TV EXPLORER II Il VIDEO Format DVB MPEG 2 MP ML MPEG 4 AVC H 264 free or scrambled Services decoding Service list and PIDs ANALOGUE SIGNALS MEASUREMENT LEVEL MEASUREMENT Measurement range Terrestrial TV amp FM bands Satellite TV band Reading Digital Analogue Measurement bandwidth Audible indicator Accuracy Subband Terrestrial bands Satellite band Overrange indication MEASUREMENTS MODE Terrestrial bands Analogue channels Digital channels Satellite band Analogue channels Digital channels DATALOGGER function Analogue channels Digital channels 10 dByV to 130 3 16 uV to 3 16 V 30 dBuV to 130 dBuV 31 6 uV to 3 16 V Auto range reading is displayed on an OSD window Absolute value calibrated in dBuV dBmV or dBm Relative value through an analogue bar on the screen 230 kHz Terrestrial band m 4 MHz Satellite band According to span maximum band ripple 1 dB LV audio A tone with pitch proportional to signal strength 1 5 dB 30 120 dByV 5 45 MHz 22 C 5 1 5 dB 30 120 dByV 45 1000 MHz 22 C 5 2 5 dB 40 100 dBuV 950 2050 MHz 22 C 5 C 1 Level Video Audio rati
8. USER S MANUAL TV EXPLORER 11 11 ZI PROMAX UNIVERSAL TV EXPLORER TV EXPLORER I Digital Video Broadcasting 1 1 GENERAL 1 1 Description The television explorer TV EXPLORER 11 Il represents an evolutionary step with respect to the traditional field strength meters The continuous PROMAX innovation process in the sector of field strength meter yields an instrument that changes the way to take and understand television signals measurements This equipment incorporates important advances in the functional aspects as well as in the ergonomics to allow the installers to make their work with maximum comfort and speed Simultaneously the instrument is reliable for any possible problem at the input signal at the distribution components or the receiver equipment The TV EXPLORER II 1 has been designed to satisfy all the necessities of measurement during the transition from the analogue transmissions to digital in terrestrial satellites and cable systems Allowing measurements of analogue signals as well as digital ones When pressing the auto identification key it searches and identifies the signal under test First it recognises whether the signal is an analogue channel or a digital one If the channel is analogue it determines the television standard of the signal When the signal is digital DVB it analyses for each modulation type QAM QPSK 8PSK COFDM all the associated parameters such as the modulation system carriers
9. all the associated parameters such as the modulation system carriers 2k 4k 8k symbol rate code rate etc and determines the value of the signals under test If the AUTO ID function is launched in the spectrum analyser mode the name of the network will appear temporarily on screen it also appears in the measurement display In case of working in the satellite band the orbital position appears as well Whenever the process detects new parameters for a channel or frequency will create a new channel plan containing the detected information Page 34 03 2008 NOTE The 9 icon in the upper corner of a digital measurement screen states that the signal level is higher than the minimum threshold see the PREFERENCES menu but demodulator cannot lock it maybe due to some wrong configuration parameter In such case the user must press AUTO ID 25 key NOTE In the case that is desired to explore or identity DVB C signals will be necessary to select previously a DVB C standard as digital signal identifier 8 by means of 8 22 PREFERENCES menu In order to identity DVB S2 signals will be necessary to activate previously B the DVB S2 option for digital satellite signals in the 8 22 PREFERENCES menu 5 9 Channel plans The signal automatic identification process as much as the exploration of the frequency spectrum could yield the generation of new customised channel plans relative to the usual work locations of the meter equipm
10. and 68 in the 8k system modulated in DBPSK containing information related to the transmission modulation and codification Modulation type QPSK 16 QAM 64 QAM Hierarchy Guard Interval Viterbi Code Rate Transmission mode 2k or 8k and Number of the received frame MPEG 2 TS DVB T Correct detection of a DVB T signal the demodulator provides a TS MPEG 2 MPEG 2 TS DVB H Correct detection of a DVB H signal the demodulator provides a TS MPEG 2 5 14 7 3 DVB S S2 signals Once determined the parameters of QPSK signal it will be possible to measure BER Following is shown the BER measurement before the error corrections BER before the FEC CBER Page 58 03 2008 USER S MANUAL TV EXPLORER II II ZXPROMAX CBER MHz 5037 kHz MHz Figure 34 DVB S QPSK signals CBER measurement screen In a digital reception system for satellite signals DVB S after the QPSK decoder two different correction methods are applied see following Figure Obviously each time we apply an error corrector to a digital signal the error rate changes therefore if we measure in a digital satellite television system for example the error rate at the output of the QPSK demodulator at the output of the Viterbi decoder and at the output of the Reed Solomon decoder we obtain nothing more than different error rates This is the reason because the BER measurement is provided before FEC after Viterbi VBER BER before FEC BER after Vi
11. bar whose length is proportional to the parameter level to modify this value simply turn the rotary selector 1 To exit the menu and validate the new value press the rotary selector 1 5 3 Selecting the Operation Mode TV Spectrum Analyser Measurements The TV EXPLORER Il Il has three basic operation modes TV Spectrum Analyser and Measurements To switch from TV operation mode to the Spectrum Analyser press M 13 key To switch to the Measurements mode press 12 key In the TV operation mode the demodulated television signal is shown on screen this is the default operation mode various functions can be selected as shown in the following paragraphs In the Spectrum Analyser operation mode the screen displays the spectrum of the active band terrestrial or satellite The span and the reference level In the Measurement mode the screen shows the available measurements according to the type of signal selected 5 4 Channel Tuning Frequency Tuning 0 Pressing 24 key the EXPLORER switches from frequency tuning to channel tuning and back again In channel tuning mode turning the rotary selector 1 sequentially tunes the channels defined in the active channels table When turning it clockwise frequency increases while turning it anticlockwise frequency decreases 03 2008 Page 31 Test Equipment Depot 800 517 8431 99 Washington Street Melrose MA 02176 FAX 781 665 0780 TestEquipmentDepot
12. be defined by user and are described below 1 2 3 4 Channel BW channel bandwidth Enables the channel bandwidth to be selected between 6 MHz 7 MHz and 8 MHz The selection of this parameter is essential for the correct operation of the tuner as it affects the frequency separation of the carriers Guard Interval The Guard Interval parameter corresponds to the dead time between symbols its purpose is to permit a correct detection in multi path situations This parameter is defined according to the symbol length 1 4 1 8 1 16 1 32 To modify its value by turning the rotary selector 1 place the marker over the Guard Interval field and then press it a menu with the available values will appear Turning the rotary selector 1 select the desired value and finally press it to validate Carriers Number of carriers It defines the number of modulation carriers between 2k 4k and 8k To modify its value place the marker over the Carriers field by turning the rotary selector and then press it menu will appear on the screen Turning the rotary selector 1 select the desired value for the Carriers parameter and finally press it again to validate Spectral Inv spectral inversion This option enables spectral inversion to be applied to the input signal though in the majority of cases it should be in the OFF position not inversion This configuration menu shows besides the user definable COFDM signal parameters
13. each down frequency slot This function facilitates the verification and identification for different satellite channels that are available in the installation The SatCR technology is being developed and tested in many countries SatCR is a trademark of STMicroelectronics Page 86 03 2008 USER S MANUAL TV EXPLORER 1 ZXPROMAX 5 24 Using the alphanumeric keyboard In order to enter numerical data or text the built in alphanumeric keyboard must be used Many keys incorporate a number and several letters like the telephone keypad 1 Entering numerical data e g a channel frequency Press the key corresponding to the digit that you wish to enter from the 0 to D the 9 When pressing the decimal point 17 key it enters the character point and later the equipment allows entering two more digits In order to 0 introduce a negative number first press the 24 key until the sign appears any In order to erase a digit move with the horizontal cursors 4 6 key placing D the cursor behind the digit that is desired to erase and later keep 17 key pressed until the digit disappears Repeat the operation by each additional digit you wish to eliminate D l Once deleted the first digit when keeping pressed the 17 key erases the rest of characters from field 2 Entering alphanumeric data e g a channel plan name Press the corresponding key of the keyboard 8 letter or digit
14. example QAM 64 demodulators require a MER greater than 23 dB to work Though it is preferable to have at least a 3 or 4 dB margin to compensate for any possible degradation of the system While QAM 256 demodulators require a MER greater than 28 dB with margins of al least 3 dB Normally the maximum MER value seen in portable analysers is of approximately 34 dB Finally it is shown a status line which displays information about the detected signal 5 15 Constellation Diagram The constellation diagram is a graphic representation called 1 of the digital symbols recived over a period of time There are different types of constellation diagrams for the different modulation modes With the TV EXPLORER II Il it is possible to display constellations for DVB T H DVB C DVB S and DVB S2 signals In the case of an ideal trnasmission channel free of noise and interferences all symbols are recognised by the demodulator without mistakes In this case they are represented in the constellation diagram as well defined points hitting in the same area forming a clear dot Noise and impairments cause the demodulator to not always read the symbols correctly In this case the hits disperse and create different shapes that at the end will allow to determine at a glance the type of noise in the signal Every modulation type is represented differently A DVB C 16 QAM signal is represented on the screen by a total of 64 different zones and so on Th
15. information TERRESTRIAL 16 2 dB 20 30 MHz LEVEL C N V A FM DEV Figure 23 Measurement of the video audio ratio In addition to the video carrier audio carrier level ratio 16 2 dB in previous figure it also shows the frequency or channel depending on the tuning mode selected and the Carrier Noise ratio Page 50 03 2008 USER S MANUAL TV EXPLORER 1 ZI PROMAX 5 14 3 Analogue TV Measuring the FM deviation The TV EXPLORER II 11 measure the deviation in frequency of any modulated analogue carrier in FM This function allows visualising frequency peak deviation for FM carrier signals Once this DESV FM measurement mode is activated will appear the following information on screen TERRESTRE DESV FM 41 kHz 50 75 MHz NIVEL C N V A DESV FM Figure 24 FM carrier peak deviation On the screen appears the deviation peaks in order to observe if they are within suitable range limit valid for both the receiver and the transmitter in the transmittting system 5 14 4 Analogue FM Measuring the Level and demodulating signal D Press the Measurement Configuration c 17 key to accede to the CONFIGURATION menu and turn the rotary selector 1 in order to select the analogue FM signal In the analogue FM measurement mode the TV EXPLORER II 11 display works like an analogue level indicator showing the signal level present in the input ANALOG FM LEVEL 56 6 dBuV E rr 10 3
16. on the 8 4 2 mode Next to the final carrier the number of carrier and the MER level where the cursor are placed is showed Use the variable knob or the cursors and adjust the carrier and temporal position 5 17 2 1 Configuration D Before the capture begins the options must be configured Press the key e 17 and the option menu will be displayed Temporal reference Begin The captured information will be showed on the display with initial reference 0 s and it is placed on the left edge In this option the screen is not update with news acquisitions unless the cursor is moved at the end of the capture Using the temporal position the cursor can be move through the entire file and the display will be updated according to the new temporal reference Page 74 03 2008 USER S MANUAL TV EXPLORER 11 11 Save This option is very useful to visualize the captured information For example if the elapsed time is 500 sg and we want to show the 200s this number must be filled in the temporal position The cursor will be moved to and the screen will be updated showing the new levels signals End Selecting this option the cursor is related to the last acquisition time If the temporal reference is filled with O seconds the cursor will be placed at the end of the capture therefore the screen always shows the last acquired data This option is very useful if we want to work during the capture process due to th
17. ratio measurement C N Page 52 03 2008 USER S MANUAL TV EXPLORER II II As well as the video carrier noise level ratio C N 40 1 dB in previous figure the frequency or channel depending on the tuning mode selected and the evel of the video carrier and video audio ratio are also shown When representing the spectrum by means 4 of pressing M 13 key the NOISE cursor is automatically positioned to a side of the carrier tuned That is the cursor will indicate the point where the value of the noise is lower whenever the C N AUTO option is selected from the PREFERENCES 8 22 menu If the C N MANUAL option has been activated the frequency where noise level will be measured will correspond to the position of the vertical discontinuous green coloured cursor that appears in the spectrum graph M 13 D In order to modify this frequency press the measurement configuration 17 key to accede to the CONFIGURATION menu By turning the rotary selector 1 locate the NOISE cursor on the position of the marker using NOISE FREQ TO MARKER option see section 5 16 1 Markers or directly enter the value of the new noise frequency by means of NOISE FREQ option Figure 27 NOISE cursor C N MANUAL When measuring channels in the satellite band or digital channels to measure the C N ratio correctly the bandwidth of the channel must be defined previously using the Channel BW option on the Measurements C
18. selected The types of measurements available depend on the band the standard and the operating mode Key number 3 to enter numeric data 03 2008 Page 23 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 ZI PROMAX USER S MANUAL TV EXPLORER II Il SPECTRUM TV Allows switching between any previous operating mode and the Spectrum Analyser mode and viceversa Key number 4 to enter numeric data 5 MS T uxt SATELLITE TERRESTRIAL BAND Allows switching between the Satellite or Terrestrial TV frequency band Key number 5 to enter numeric data S This led remains lighted when the equipment works with the frequencies and the corresponding channels to the satellite band T This led remains lighted when the equipment works with the frequencies and the corresponding channels to the terrestrial band 4 A MEASUREMENT CONFIGURATION It allows the commutation between the measurement mode for Digital TV or Analogue TV D This led remains lighted when the equipment works with digital signals A This led remains lighted when the equipment works with analogue signals 6 A mno IMAGE ADJUST Activation of VOLUME CONTRAST BRIGHT SATURATION and HUE only for NTSC colour system control menus Key number 6 to enter numeric data T DiSEqC rans DISEQC Only in satellite band It allows adjusting configuration parameters in satellite band Key number 7 to enter numeric data
19. to be entered The word to be entered can be written by pressing each key The keys must be pressed two seconds before and for a suitable number of times until it appears the expected letter or digit on screen In order to switch between small letters to capital letters and vice versa first press the key 25 Note Press the upper arrow cursor S 7 6 key to cancel any data entry through the keyboard When maintaining pressed a numerical key in text mode the corresponding number is directly entered 03 2008 Page 87 USER S MANUAL TV EXPLORER II Il Page 88 03 2008 USER S MANUAL TV EXPLORER 1 ZI PROMAX 6 DESCRIPTION OF THE INPUTS AND OUTPUTS 6 1 RF input The RF input is through the RF 30 connector on the side panel The peak signal level should never exceed 130 dBuV 6 2 USB port The TV EXPLORER Il Il incorporates an USB port which enables the communication with a PC and to download dataloggers and channel plans LJ Figure 60 USB connector in rear panel External view 6 3 Scart DIN EN 50049 2018161412108 6 4 2 bee 2119171513119 7 5 3 1 Figure 61 Scart socket external view Also known as PERITEL connector in conformity with standard NF C92250 The signals in this connector are the following PIN number SIGNAL CHARACTERISTICS 1 Righ
20. video signal in the original format through the Scart connector the 16 9 format must be selected from the Measurements D Configuration 17 menu 5 20 1 Recording and playing video streams only TV EXPLORER When the display visualises digital channel with the tuning information see g previous section Press the UTILITIES 22 key to record or to reproduce a video sequence In order to record the channel on tune press the UTILITIES 8 22 select the option PVR Recording by means the rotary selector 1 On the picture will appear the icon stating that the channel is being recorded Page 82 03 2008 RECORDING SIZE MB Mb s VI DEO MPEG 2 kb s MPGML 720x576i 4 3 VPLD TSI D 25Hz AUDI O MPEG 1 L 2 kb s API D LANGUAGE es NETW 12 9 E NI D Figure 55 Digital channel recording On screen appears the duration of the recorded sequence the size that occupies in the internal memory and the transport stream rate In order to stop the recording press the UTILITIES 8 22 and select the option Stop recording 8 In order to play the previously recorded sequence press the UTILITIES 8 22 and select the PVR Playback option using the rotary selector 1 In the image it will appear an icon indicating that the video is being played the option can be stopped the sequence selecting Pause Playing When is completed on screen appears the pause 11 icon Select the
21. 0 50 70 90 110 130 MHz gt LEVEL CH FM DEv kHz Figure 25 FM analogue signal measurement 03 2008 Page 51 ZXPROMAX USER S MANUAL TV EXPLORER II Il The instrument also demodule the FM carrier radio and allows to listen sound through the loudspeaker 33 5 14 5 Analogue Digital TV Measuring the Carrier Noise ratio C N The TV EXPLORER II 11 carries out C N ratio measurement in four different ways according to the carrier type and the used band A B C D Terrestrial band analogue carrier Carrier level is measured using a quasi peak detector 230 kHz BW Noise level is measured with an average detector and corrected to refer it to channel equivalent noise bandwidth according to the definition of the selected standard Terrestrial band digital carrier Both measurements are done with an average detector 230 kHz and the same corrections are introduced on them bandwidth corrections Satellite band analogue carrier Carrier level is measured using a quasi peak detector 4 MHz BW Noise level is measured with an average detector 230 kHz and corrected to refer it to channel bandwidth Satellite band digital carrier Equivalent to case B but now using the 4 MHz BW filter On selecting the Carrier Noise measurement mode the screen displays the following information TERRESTRIAL 40 1 dB 20 30 MHz LEVEL C N V A FM DEV Figure 26 Carrier to noise
22. 25 key until the EXPLORER screen appears 03 2008 Page 41 USER S MANUAL TV EXPLORER II Il EXPLORER TESTING CHANNEL SET CCIR o 25 50 75 100 66 ANALOG PAL BG 67 DI GI TAL DVB T H 68 DI GI TAL DVB T H 69 DI GI TAL DVB T H FOUND 38 101 PROCESS SUCCESSFUL SAVE AS Figure 18 Spectrum exploration screen EXPLORER When the instrument completes the exploration a new channel plan is generated based on the active channel plan This new channel plan contains only the channels that have been identified and the rest are removed The equipment offers the possibility of saving in memory the channel plan generated to use later If the new channel plan is not saved it will remain active until the instrument is powered off or some other plan is loaded NOTE In the case that is desired to explore or identify DVB C signals will be necessary to select previously DVB C standard as digital signal identifier 8 by means of 8 22 PREFERENCES menu 5 13 Measurements configuration With the aim of taking the measurements of all types of signals some times could be necessary that user enters parameters relative to particular characteristics of these signals whether an automatic detection has not been possible or these parameters differ from the standard corresponding ones D Press the Measurements Configuration 17 key to access to the CONFIGURATION menu and turn the rotary selector 1 to
23. 2k 8k symbol rate code rate etc and determines the value of the signals under test The range of frequencies covered makes this instrument an excellent tool for FM radio terrestrial TV mobile TV satellite TV and cable TV where the subband tuning margin from 5 to 45 MHz enables the user to carry out tests on the return channel TV EXPLORER is a registered trademark PROMAX Electronica S A Digital Video 1 Trademark of the DVB Digital Video Broadcasting Project 4661 4662 03 2008 Page 1 USER S MANUAL TV EXPLORER II Il The TV EXPLORER includes the main TV standards N G I D K and L adopting apart from the characteristic parameters of the standard the correcting automatic system to obtain in all the cases an accurate measuring of the input signal level It accepts any TV system PAL SECAM and NTSC and allows the user to work directly with digital TV signals decoding them so that the television image may be viewed and directly measuring the power carrier noise ratio C N the bit error rate BER and the modulation error ratio MER as well for DVB T H COFDM as DVB S S2 QPSK 8PSK and DVB C QAM signals This instrument allows to obtain a graphical representation of the Constellation Diagram for DVB C QAM DVB T H COFDM and DVB S S2 QPSK 8PSK signals Being a multistandard instrument it can be efficiently used in any country of the world Includes a s
24. 9 Washington Street Melrose MA 02176 FAX 781 665 0780 TestEquipmentDepot com USER S MANUAL TV EXPLORER 11 11 ZXPROMAX The calibration process must be carried out over the point of the installation which is taken as reference i e usually the headend During this process is determined the number of pilot frequencies to check from one to three in addition to the reference level for pilots In order to determine the number of pilots the equipment takes the higher found level and verifies that the other pilots have a non lower level to the reference one plus the defined threshold level If the pilot agrees this condition it will show on screen 2 MEASUREMENT OF THREE PILOTS THROUGHOUT THE NETWORK Once TV EXPLORER Il 1 has been calibrated start to make level measurements in the different distribution outlets using the EXPLORER On the screen will appear the attenuation values for the three pilot frequencies measured in the outlet plate see the following figure CALIBRATE exeo Figure 17 Attenuation measurements in an outlet plate In order to finish measuring press the rotary selector 1 and select the EXIT option 5 12 Spectrum exploration function EXPLORER The Exploration function allows exploring the full frequency band in order to identify the analogue channels and digital presents in agreement with the configuration set over the active channel plan In order to activate the function hold pressed the e
25. Configuration menu that appears when pressing c 17 key Page 54 03 2008 5 14 7 Digital TV Measuring BER The TV EXPLORER II Il offers three ways to measure the error rate BER of digital signals depending on the type of used modulation To select the BER measurement mode D 1 Select digital signals Measurements Configuration pressing 17 key 2 Select by means of Signal option from CONFIGURATION menu DVB C for the measurement of QAM modulated signals DVB T H for the measurement of COFDM modulated signals or DVB S S2 for the measurement of QPSK 8PSK modulated signals 3 Enter the parameters relative to the digital signal which appear in the measurement CONFIGURATION menu as described previously 4 Select the option to exit from measurements CONFIGURATION menu 5 14 7 1 DVB C signals Once determined the parameters of QAM signal it will be possible to measure 3 BER press the 12 key until the BER measurement display appears In the BER measurement mode the monitor will show a display like the following one Figure 29 DVB C QAM signals BER measurement screen 03 2008 Page 55 USER S MANUAL TV EXPLORER II Il The BER measurement before error correction is shown BER before FEC Forward Error Correction In a digital reception system for cable signals after the QAM demodulator an error correction method called Reed Solomon is applied see following Figure Obviously the er
26. ICK USER GUIDE STEP 1 Battery charging 1 Connect the DC external charger to the equipment through connector 32 located on the lateral panel 2 Connect the DC charger to the mains 3 When the equipment is connected to the mains the CHARGER led 4 remains lighted CHARGER 39 i i DC IN 7 Figure 1 Battery charging STEP 2 Power on and signal connection 1 Hold the rotary selector 1 pressed until the equipment is powered on 2 Connect the RF signal source in the input connector 30 Figure 2 Power on and signal connection 03 2008 Page 17 ZXPROMAX USER S MANUAL TV EXPLORER II Il STEP 3 To carry out a complete channel band exploration 5 MS T 1 Select the frequency band to explore x 14 terrestrial or satellite 2 Activate the exploration process by holding 25 key pressed 1 3 Press c 10 key to visualise the channels detected and 6 to change between channels from detected channels list STEP 4 To carry out the tuned channel identification 5 1 Select the frequency band to explore E 14 terrestrial or satellite 2 Activate the identification process pressing once 25 key 1 3 Press 10 key to visualise the signal detected from channel or frequency 4 identified or M 13 to monitor the corresponding spectrum NOTE In the case that is desired to explore or identity DVB C signals it is ne
27. Page 24 03 2008 USER S MANUAL TV EXPLORER 11 11 22 AXPROMAX UTILITIES PREFERENCES It activates the Utilities menu short pulsation Equipment Info Constellation Attenuation Test Sat IF Test Run Datalogger View Datalogger Erase Dataloggers Delete Channel Set Delete Channels Insert Channels Save as MER by carrier Recall Constell Recall MER by CARR Recall Spectrum Delete Capture Exit 03 2008 Displays information on the instrument PN product number version of control software included set up etc Sets the constellation diagram graph for the digital signal on tune Only terrestrial band Selects the function for testing signal networks in terrestrial band distribution Only satellite band Selects the function for testing signal distribution networks in satellite band Function to automatically acquire measurements Displays the available acquisition list Deletes an acquisition previously recorded Delete the channel plan selected Delete a channel from the active channel plan Add a channel to the current channel plan from another standard list of channels Saves with a file name the capture screen in order to be later processed It s a graphical MER representation for each carrier from a COFDM channel Recall a constellation diagram stored in memory Recall a MER by carrier graph stored in memory Recall a signal spectrum previously stored Allows to
28. Stop Playing option to back to the tuned channel viewing 5 21 Antenna Alignment Function It allows executing the function Antenna Alignment to align antennas using a faster sweep without display of numerical measures The display appears divided in two parts the left one shows the spectrum of the signals detected in the band and on the right two analogue bars represents the more high signal level found during the last carried out sweeping The left bar shows the peak value with a certain persistence The right bar shows a filtered average value 03 2008 Page 83 USER S MANUAL TV EXPLORER II Il Figure 56 Utility for antenna alignment Simultaneously the instrument emits by means of the loudspeaker an acoustic tone which varies according to the level of received signal 5 22 DiSEqC Command Generator DiSEqC Digital Satellite Equipment Control is a communication protocol between the satellite receiver and the accessories of the installation switches LNBs etc proposed by Eutelsat with the aim to standardize the diversity of switching protocols 13 18 V 22 kHz and to satisfy the demands of the digital TV installations In order to define and or to send a sequence of DiSEqC commands press the DiSEqC key 21 on frontal panel It allows to define the satellite band configuration parameters and select through SEND function one of the eight predefined programs which execute basic functions to control an un
29. Test Equipment 99 Washington Street Depot Melrose MA 02176 Phone 781 665 1400 1 800 517 8431 Toll Free 1 800 571 8431 PLA Viste Us at WWW TestEquipmentDepot com TV EXPLORER Il UNIVERSAL TV EXPLORER md 2AXPROMAX SAFETY NOTES Read the user s manual before using the equipment mainly SAFETY RULES paragraph The symbol A on the equipment means SEE USER S MANUAL In this manual may also appear as a Caution or Warning symbol Warning and Caution statements may appear in this manual to avoid injury hazard or damage to this product or other property CONTENTS 8 English manual dos rotae USER S MANUAL TV EXPLORER II II TABLE OF CONTENTS i SGENERAEs ence EU UU deiecit du 1 IMMO eol M 1 1 2 Specifications nci iiaa araara aaa 4 2 SAFETY RUUES uini etie itm Rocha ates P Re pibe ha Rd 2 1 General safety 2 2 Descriptive Examples of Over Voltage Categories 3 SINSTALEATION eee see OR EE as ETUR IEEE URN 15 3 4 Power Supply eeeeeee 15 3 1 1 Operation using the External DC Charger sudo 3 1 2 Operation using the Battery 3 1 2 1 Battery Charging we 16 3 2 Installation and Start up ssesssseeseeeeneeeneenneneene nennen 16 4 QUICK USER GUIDE eene
30. access to parameters which are modifiable by the user Page 42 03 2008 USER S MANUAL TV EXPLORER II II AXPROMAX 5 13 1 DVB C QAM Digital Channel Configuration D Press the Measurements Configuration e 17 key to access to the CONFIGURATION menu and turn the rotary selector 1 to access the QAM signals parameters which can be defined by user and are described below 1 2 3 4 Channel BW channel bandwidth Enables the channel bandwidth to be selected up to 9 2 MHz The selection of this parameter is essential for the correct operation of the tuner as it affects the frequency separation of the carriers Spectral inversion If necessary activate the Spectral inversion On If the spectral inversion is not correctly selected reception will not be correct Symbol Rate When selecting this function and pressing the rotary selector 1 is possible to choose the symbol rate Modulation It defines the modulation type When selecting this function and turn the rotary selector 1 to choose one of the following modulations 16 32 64 128 and 256 Figure 19 Screen of mesurement configuration QAM signals 03 2008 Page 43 USER S MANUAL TV EXPLORER II Il 5 13 2 DVB T H COFDM Digital Channel Configuration D Press the Measurements Configuration 17 key to access to the CONFIGURATION menu and turn the rotary selector 1 to access the COFDM signals parameters which can
31. an excess of signal it will appear the icon the Spectrum Analyser mode and the icon in the TV mode to indicate this situation The user must increase the Reference Level in order to activate an additional atenuator and to avoid the input saturation The frequency range displayed called span from hereon can also be altered using the horizontal cursors 6 key Therefore enables selecting the displayed screen frequency range in Spectrum Analyser mode between Full the entire band 500 MHz 200 MHz 100 MHz 50 MHz 32 MHz 16 MH and 8 MHz the latter one only in terrestrial band A vertical broken line called marker appears on the spectrum display to identify the tuned frequency 03 2008 Page 67 Test Equipment Depot 800 517 8431 99 Washington Street Melrose MA 02176 FAX 781 665 0780 TestEquipmentDepot com ZXPROMAX USER S MANUAL TV EXPLORER II Il One of the applications of the TV EXPLORER 11 operating as Spectrum Analyser is in the search for the best orientation and position of the receiving antenna This is particularly important in UHF Because such frequencies are involved with wavelengths ranging from 35 cm to 65 cm if the antenna is shifted only a few centimetres the relationship between the picture chrominance and sound carrier frequencies change affecting the quality of the picture in the receiver If there is an excess of sound carrier tearing or moir may appear on the screen du
32. arry out a fine adjustment in steps or in seconds to aim the antenna through the rotary selector 1 I 4 FREQ POWER Figure 58 DiSEqC commands DRIVE 03 2008 Page 85 Test Equipment Depot 800 517 8431 99 Washington Street Melrose MA 02176 FAX 781 665 0780 TestEquipmentDepot com ZXPROMAX USER S MANUAL TV EXPLORER II Il Press the DiSEqC key 21 on frontal panel in order to quit the commands execution mode and to locate the mark cursor on the frequency or channel 5 23 SATCR function By means of function SATCR it is possible to control the devices of a TV installation satellite that are compatible with the SatCR technology Satellite Channel Router which allows to concentrate manifold down frequencys slots by an only cable By this way each user using a slot can tune and decode any signal present in the satellite In order to select the SATRC function press the DiSEqC key 21 from frontal panel and using the rotary selector 1 activate the SATRC option In the display are the configuration options that users can modify slot selection number of slots device address Frequency sep pilot signal activation and finally the frequencies corresponding to each slot xn CATEI I TTE E pis gt SELECTED SLOT 1 1 20 Inv 5 Figure 59 SatCR command screen When activating the Enable Pilots options the SatCR device located in the headend emits a pilot signal with constant level for
33. attery When the instrument is in operation the recharging process is slower If they are very low the recharging period is about 5 hours The CHARGER 4 indicator should remain lit When the battery charging process is completed with the instrument off the fan stops IMPORTANT The instrument battery needs to be kept charged between 30 and 50 of its capacity when not in use The battery needs to be fully charged for best results A fully charged battery suffers temperature related discharge For example at a room temperature of 20 it can lose up to 10 of its charge over 12 months 3 2 Installation and Start up The TV EXPLORER II II level meter is designed for use as a portable device Therefore does not require installation When the rotary selector 1 is pressed for more than two seconds the instrument is started up in the automatic power off mode that is the device is automatically disconnected after the selected minutes if no key has been pressed When the device is operating it is also possible to select the auto power off mode by means of the Preferences menu 22 and to select the time out until the automatic power off When the equipment is going to be moved activate the Transport mode by means of the Preferences menu 22 to disable the power on process until one specific key from main keyboard is pressed 8 as is it indicated on screen Page 16 03 2008 USER S MANUAL TV EXPLORER 1 ZI PROMAX 4 QU
34. bed functions could be modified based on software updates of the equipment carried out after manufacturing and the publication of this manual 5 1 Description of the Controls and Elements Front panel 3 4 5 A 8S M EXT VIDEO 6 8 DEF g GHI g JKL lt 7 n CHARGER Figure 3 Front panel 1 Rotary selector button This has many different functions Equipment power on off tuning control moving between the various on screen menus and sub menus and validation of the different options In order to power on the equipment hold the rotary selector pressed for more than two seconds until the presentation screen appears In order to power off the meter hold the rotary selector pressed 03 2008 Page 21 USER S MANUAL TV EXPLORER II Il Tuning purposes turning it clockwise frequency increases while turning it anticlockwise frequency decreases To move along the on screen menus turning it clockwise active option moves downwards while turning it anticlockwise active option moves upwards 2 EXT VIDEO Video signal presence light indicator It lights up when video on screen is coming through the SCART connector 35 3 DRAIN External units power supply indicator Lights up when the TV EXPLORER II 11 supplies a current to the external unit 4 CHARGER External DC charger operation indicator When batteries are installed the battery charger is aut
35. cessary to select previously DVB C standard as digital signal identifier through 8 22 PREFERENCES menu STEP 5 Making measurements 0 1 Select the channel or frequency 24 to measure by means of the rotary selector 1 3 2 Press 12 key to select the type of measurement until on screen appears the corresponding measurement Page 18 03 2008 USER S MANUAL TV EXPLORER 1 ZXPROMAX STEP 6 Frequency spectrum monitoring IRS 1 Select the frequency band i to graph 14 terrestrial or satellite 4 2 Press 13 key to activate the signal sweeping 3 Press W f 6 to modify the reference level in the vertical axis 4 Press V 6 to modify span in the horizontal axis STEP 7 Video signal monitoring 5 MS 1 Select the terrestrial frequency band 14 0 2 Tune the channel or frequency 24 that is desired to visualize on screen 3 3 Verify that the equipment receives an appropriate signal level ae 12 1 ee eur 4 Press 10 key to visualise the TV image if the channel is digital press 6 and place the cursor on the Service Identifier field and press the rotary selector 1 to obtain the available list of services 03 2008 Page 19 USER S MANUAL TV EXPLORER II Il Page 20 03 2008 USER S MANUAL TV EXPLORER II II AXPROMAX 5 OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS WARNING The following descri
36. com ZXPROMAX USER S MANUAL TV EXPLORER II Il In frequency tuning mode there are two ways of tuning 1 Turning the rotary selector 1 Turning the rotary selector 1 selects the desired frequency tuning is continuous from 5 to 1000 MHz and from 950 to 2150 MHz When turning it clockwise frequency increases while turning it anticlockwise frequency decreases 2 Using the keyboard Press the rotary selector 1 the frequency listing will disappear and will appear on the upper left corner of screen the keyboard symbol of manual data entry 123 next enter the frequency value in MHz using the numeric keyboard The TV EXPLORER II 11 will calculate the tuneable frequency closest to the entered value and then display it on screen 5 5 Automatic Transmission Search Holding pressed the 25 key search starts over the active channel plan When tuning a channel the instrument tryes to identify it and save it with the configuration If the identification is not possible the channel is removed from list As a result obtains a new channel plan that only contains the channels that have been identified 5 6 Selecting the measurement configuration Analogue Digital signal Measuring the characteristics of a channel depends in the first place on the type of modulation analogue or digital D D Use key 17 to switch between analogue and digital channels Press the e 17 key to show the measurements CONFIGURATION menu and select th
37. d MER BY CARRI ER MER i 1 ii 1 H 4 AVG MER STD DEV Figure 48 MER by carrier function As it shows in the following figure when analysing MER by carrier in this digital channel appears three degradation areas throughout the channel that make suspect the presence of an underneath analogue channel Analog level 4 w gt Video Carrier Colour Audio Frequency MER by carrier Subcarrier Subcarrier MER by carrier 4 gt Carrier Carrier Figure 49 Scheme of interference due to TV analogue signal over a digital channel Page 72 03 2008 USER S MANUAL TV EXPLORER 1 ZA PROMAX If we compare this graphic with the spectrum analyser of an analogue channel we realise that in effect the video audio and colour carriers affect more intensively the MER of those digital multiplex located at the same frequencies In this case the COFDM channel is strong enough to be affected by this interference This interference could not be detected in any other way for it can t be seen on the spectrum analyser and it is not strong enough to degrade the average MER CBER or VBER readings substantially 5 17 2 Merogram only TV EXPLORER The Merogram is a useful tool to detect sporadic problems on a period of time in a DVB H T channel The Merogram function makes a graphical representation of the MER level carriers regards to the time
38. d A digital carrier has been detected and the Viterbi algorithm is synchronized but too many frames arrive with non correctable errors It is not possible to quantify the BER MPEG 2 TS DVB S Correct detection of a MPEG 2 signal 5 14 8 Digital TV Measuring MER Once determined the suitable parameters for COFDM QAM QPSK or 8PSK 3 signal reception it will be possible to measure MER press 12 key until it appears the MER measurement screen DVB T H MER 19 5 dB nm 8 4aB _ 20 30 MHz C N 3 274 M POWER MER CBER VBER Figure 39 DVB T H COFDM signals MER measurement screen First of all you will see the modulation error ratio measurement MER Following it appears the Noise Margin NM measurement in the figure value 8 4 dB It indicates a safety available margin according to the MER level measured that allows signal degradation until arriving to the QEF Quasi Error Free limit value 03 2008 Page 61 ZXPROMAX USER S MANUAL TV EXPLORER II Il Analogue and digital carriers are very different in terms of signal contents and power distribution over the channel They therefore need to be measured differently The modulation error ratio MER used in digital systems is similar to the Signal Noise S N ratio in analogue systems MER represents the relation between the average power of DVB signal and the average power of noise present in the constellation of the signals By
39. d maximum density and runs from blue to yelllow in ascending order A greater dispersion of the symbols indicates greater level of noise or worse signal quality If concentration of symbols or noise appears is indicative of good carrier noise ratio or absence of problems as phase noise 5 15 3 DVB S S2 QPSK 8PSK signal 8 Go to the UTILITIES menu by pressing the 8 22 key and then select the CONSTELLATION option The modulation type DVB S QPSK or DVB S2 8PSK is showed on screen Next the frequency and channel number correspoding to the channel plan selected as well as the satellite downlink frequency Finally the satellite name and orbital position are stated MODULATION F DL Ku CH DECAY ZOOM x1 Figure 43 Constellation Diagram DVB S QPSK signal When selecting a constellation diagram for DVB S2 signals on screen will appear the following information 03 2008 Page 65 ZXPROMAX USER S MANUAL TV EXPLORER II Il MODULATION F DL Ku CH DECAY ZOOM x1 Figure 44 Constellation Diagram DVB S2 8PSK signal NOTE The transmission quality is visualised in a qualitative way using a colour range for the symbol density concentrated in a certain area This colour coding goes from black no symbols to red maximum density and runs from blue to yelllow in ascending order A greater dispersion of the symbols indicates greater level of noise or worse signal
40. d the instrument will cease to supply power The TV EXPLORER II 11 does not return to its normal operating state until the problem has been solved during this time it verifies every three seconds the persistence of the problem warning with an acoustic signal 03 2008 Page 33 ZXPROMAX USER S MANUAL TV EXPLORER II Il 5 8 Automatic signal identification function AUTO ID The TV EXPLORER II II allows automatically identifying TV signals according to the established configuration which are presents in the channel or tuned frequency In order to activate this function must once press 25 key Specially useful is to 4 combine this process with the spectrum monitoring M 13 so that after locating the marker on the levels susceptible to contain a transmission and activating later the process of automatic identification in order to identify the present signal AUTO ID FREQ 482 00 MHz DL MHz CHANNEL 22 TESTI NG FOR ANALOG NOT ENOUGH LEVEL 46 2 lt 50 0 dBuV TESTI NG DVB T H POWER OK 51 6 gt 32 0 TRYING CURRENT DVB T H CONFIG DIGITAL DVB T H SEARCHING NETWORK NAME CANCEL Figure 9 Signal automatic identification screen AUTO ID First it recognises whether the signal is an analogue channel or a digital one If the channel is analogue it determines the television standard of the signal When the signal is digital DVB it analyses for each modulation type QAM QPSK 8PSK COFDM
41. delete a screen capture file Exit from Utilities Page 25 AXPROMAX USER S MANUAL TV EXPLORER II Il It activates the Preferences menu long pulsation Language Beep Skin Light Sensor Ter Identify Min Ter Power Min Ter Level Identification DVB S2 Min Sat Power C N Identify Timeout Sat Band Auto Power Off Time Power Off Page 26 Selects the language between DEUTSCH ENGLISH ESPANOL FRAN AIS ITALIANO CATALA and PORTUGUES Activates ON deactivates OFF the beeper Sets the display skin It is possible to add new types through the USB port It activates a light sensor to automatically adjust the display contrast and brightness Options are High contrast with low luminosity Low contrast with high luminosity and AUTO Selects the type of terrestrial digital signal DVB C or DVB T H used by AUTO ID and EXPLORER functions Sets the minimum power for a terrestrial digital signal to be identified Sets the minimum level for a terrestrial analogue signal to be identified It allows to identify the DVB S2 satellite digital signals Sets the minimum power for a satellite digital signal to be identified Defines the C N measuring method between Auto or Reference Noise Manual used to determine the frequency where noise level will be measured in the spectrum analyser mode Sets the maximum time that the equipment will carry out the identifica
42. e This symbol also appears when the colour subcarrier signal Burst does not contain information and therefore the images are shown in black and white If it is a digital television signal DTV on screen appears for about some seconds the following parameters channel number or satellite name frequency active channel plan and satellite downlink frequency The following data box shows the video data type of video coding MPEG 2 or MPEG 4 video bit rate video program identifier VPID and the TS identifier TSID One other data box contains audio information type of audio coding MPEG 1 MPEG 2 or AC 3 audio bit rate audio program identifier APID and language e g spa The last box located in the same column shows the network data network name and or satellite orbital position service name netwok identifier NID and service identifier SID On the left column appears the type of DVB signal a window showing the signal decoded and finally a data box stating if the emission is encrypted or free SCRAMB or FREE when the service supports interactive TV MHP i e Multimedia Home Platform and when is inserted a CAM module into the TV EXPLORER II the indication CAM appears 03 2008 Page 79 USER S MANUAL TV EXPLORER II Il CCIR F MHz DL Vi DEO 2 kb s MPGML 720x576i 4 3 VPLD TSI D Pilari AUDI O MPEG 1 L 2 kb s API D LANGUAGE en NETW 12 9 E NI D
43. e Signal option by turning and pressing the rotary selector 1 The Signal option allows setting the type of signal to measure When switching to a new type the TV EXPLORER II Il activates the last measurement configuration used for that type of signal Page 32 03 2008 USER S MANUAL TV EXPLORER 1 ZXPROMAX 5 7 External Units Power Supply The TV EXPLORER II 11 can supply the voltage needed to power the external units antenna preamplifiers in the case of terrestrial TV LNB in the case of satellite TV or IF simulators 3 In order to select the supply voltage of the external units press 11 key and the screen will display a functions menu labelled EXT SUPPLY listing the choice of voltages which will depend on the band being used Turn the rotary selector 1 to the desired voltage and press to activate it The following table shows the choice of supply voltages SATELLITE External 5V 13V 15V 13V 22 kHz 18V 22 kHz TERRESTRIAL Table 3 External units powering voltages In the External power supply mode is the unit powering the amplifiers before the antenna terrestrial television or the satellite TV receiver house hold or community also powers the external units The DRAIN 3 indicator lights when current is flowing to the external unit If any kind of problem occurs e g a short circuit an error message appears on the monitor SUPPLY SHORT the acoustic indicator will be heard an
44. e active service directly acting through the horizontal cursors 6 key once has selected the field of the service from information window of the currently tuned channel On the TV EXPLORER II Il screen always the image is visualised according to the option selected from the Video format function in the Measurement Configuration D 17 menu and also according to the instrument display features that is to say the format conversions are based on a TFT with 16 9 aspect ratio Through the Scart connector 35 output and for digital signals it will obtain a video signal according to the format selected by the users see the following table ANALOGUE MODE ORIGINAL SELECTED EXPLORER II Il PILLAR BOX 43 original FULL SCREEN 4 3 original PILLAR BOX 16 9 original Lol FULL SCREEN 16 9 original 03 2008 Page 81 ZXPROMAX USER S MANUAL TV EXPLORER II Il DIGITAL MODE ORIGINAL SELECTED EXPLORER lII Il PILLAR BOX Scaling 4 3 in 16 9 TFT FULL SCREEN 4 3 Original PILLAR BOX Do not select FULL SCREEN 16 9 Original Table 4 Selecting the screen and SCART video format Therefore if the original video signal shows 4 3 format and a 4 3 video format is selected for the instrument screen will appear a PILLAR BOX format and if the 16 9 video format is selected will appear a FULL SCREEN format NOTE In order to obtain the
45. e constellation shows in different colours the density of hits and includes zooming scrolling and clearing functions for a better graph representation on screen Page 62 03 2008 USER S MANUAL TV EXPLORER 11 11 5 15 1 DVB T H COFDM signal Activate the UTILITIES menu by pressing the 8 22 key and select the CONSTELLATION option Now on screen will be recorded the hits due to symbols received during the digital signal transmision MODULATION F CH CARRIER TYPE data DECAY ZOOM x1 Figure 40 Constellation Diagram DVB T H QAM 64 signal a eu By means of the rotary selector 1 and the arrow 6 key is possible to change the frequency channel or COFDM carrier on tune by the instrument The DECAY option sets the visual persistence for symbol impacts on the screen in a range from 0 minimum persistence to 16 maximum persistence First it shows the modulation type DVB T H 64 QAM Next frequency channel and tuned carrier are also indicated Following it states the type of carrier data or pilot Finally the type of DVB T H SFM or MFM broadcast network used in transmission appears NOTE The transmission quality is visualised in a qualitative way using a colour range for the symbol density concentrated in a certain area This colour coding goes from black no symbols to red maximum density and runs from blue to yellow in ascending order A greate
46. e modulated signal power and the equivalent noise power for a same bandwidth Satellite band Digital channels DVB S S2 Channel Power C N MER CBER VBER LBER Automatic method Ratio between the modulated signal power and the equivalent noise power for a same bandwidth Modulation error ratio with noise margin indication only for DVB S The BER measurement Bit error rate for the digital signal before error correction BER before FEC Only for DVB S The BER measurement Bit error rate for the digital signal after error correction BER after Viterbi Only for DVB S2 The BER measurement Bit error rate for the digital signal after error correction BER after LDPC 3 In order to change the measurement highlighted press the 12 key On the monitor will appear cyclically all the measures available for the signal on tune Page 48 03 2008 USER S MANUAL TV EXPLORER II II ZXPROMAX 5 14 1 Analogue TV Measuring the Video Carrier Level In the measurement mode of analogue signals the TV EXPLORER II Il monitor can work as an analogue indicator of level representing the signal present in the input 3 screen like the following one TERRESTRIAL LEVEL 78 2 dBpuV 10 30 50 70 90 110 041274 gt LEVEL CH C N V A Figure 22 Analogue signal level measurement in terrestrial band Turn the rotary selector 1 to change the tuning channel frequ
47. e problems can be detected in real time and the cursor can be moved at any temporal reference When a temporal movement is introduced noticed that a negative sing is placed before the number by default This is due to the displayed data on the screen is captured in real time so that if we want to analyze a previous point we should go backward in the time For example if the elapsed time is 500 s and we want to go to the second 200 the temporal position t must be filled with 300s Introduce a name to save the file If the name already exists a message will be showed and the file could be overwritten or the operation canceled Acquisition mode Select the different modes to capture a file 03 2008 CIRCULAR If this opiton is selected other menu will be displayed Choose the file duration The capture system stored the data in a file during the performed period of time When the elapsed time is higher than the file the last captured data will be stored For example if the selected file time is 1800s and the elapsed time is 36000 the file will be stored the seconds from 34200 to 36000 BOUNDED If this option is selected other menu will be displayed Choose the file duration When the end of the file arrives the capture will be stopped and stored Page 75 ZXPROMAX USER S MANUAL TV EXPLORER II Il CONTINUOUS The equipment starts the capture and it is not stopped until the user does it manually or the equipment does not
48. e to the frequency beats between the sound chrominance and the picture frequencies If there is a chrominance carrier defect then the television colour amplifier must function at maximum gain which could result in noise appearing all over the television screen with points of colour that disappear when the saturation control is reduced in an extreme case loss of colour may occur 5 16 1 Markers Only in Spectrum Analyser mode The marker in red colour indicates the central frequency or tuning frequency which can be moved by means of turning the rotary selector 1 as well in channel as in frequency tuning mode 24 When monitoring a digital signal spectrum also appears two additional markers in white colour which indicate the bandwidth of the digital channel See previous Figure If the highlighted measurement which appears on the measurement screen corresponds to C N the Spectrum Analyser mode will measure the C N ratio at the frequency indicated by the marker and a second marker will indicate the frequency for the noise measurement 5 16 2 Spectrogram Only TV Explorer II The Spectrogram is a useful tool and it has been designed to detect problems in a wide range of frequencies These problems could appear at any time and sporadically The Spectrogram function makes a graphical representation of the frequency Signal level regards to the time Each level is represented with a different colour the Y axis belo
49. ectrum When pressing with the rotary selector 1 over the option will appear a menu that contains the names of the stored files Select one by means of the rotary selector 1 or press EXIT 5 19 PRINT SCREEN function only TV EXPLORER It is also possible to save anything that appears on the screen of the meter using the PRINT SCREEN function To save an image you only need to press the key c 10 during a few seconds A file with the screen content in bit map format bmp will be generated automatically These files can be viewed later on using any program that supports bmp formats Note There are three cases where this function can not be used Analogue and digital video pictures configuration menus and OSD messages 5 20 TV Operating Mode When pressing the 10 key from any mode of operation the TV EXPLORER II 11 accedes to the TV mode and tries to demodules on the monitor the currently video signal on tune In the monitor will appear the TV picture with a window on the lower part to show for five seconds whenever the signal is analogue the channel number the frequency the active channel set the colour system and the TV standard Page 78 03 2008 mm Pi tint CHANNEL CCIR FR Figure 52 Analogue channel monitoring The symbol X in the upper corner of the screen indicates that the instrument has detected a saturation condition for analogue signals in the currently channel on tun
50. efects either It is advisable a viewing angle of 15 in the 6 00 o clock direction in orden to obtain the optimum visualization of the screen 7 2 Cleaning Recommendations CAUTION To clean the cover take care the instrument is disconnected CAUTION Do not use scented hydrocarbons or chlorized solvents Such products may attack the plastics used in the construction of the cover The cover should be cleaned by means of a light solution of detergent and water applied with a soft cloth Dry thoroughly before using the system again CAUTION Do not use for the cleaning of the front panel and particularly the viewfinders alcohol or its derivatives these products can attack the mechanical properties of the materials and diminish their useful time of life Ver 1 25 1st Edition
51. ency Press the 3 12 key to select the type of measurement to highlight on the monitor The available types of measurements are LEVEL Level indication on the upper part of the screen analogue bar C N Carrier Noise ratio measurement VIA Video Audio ratio measurement FM Deviation Measure the frequency peak deviation for any modulated analogue carrier in FM 03 2008 Page 49 Test Equipment Depot 800 517 8431 99 Washington Street Melrose MA 02176 FAX 781 665 0780 TestEquipmentDepot com ZXPROMAX USER S MANUAL TV EXPLORER II Il WARNING When at the RF input appear an important number of carriers with a high level the tuning circuit may become out of control giving as a result wrong level measurements To be able to determinate the equivalent level of a carrier group with similar levels at the RF input it is possible to use the expression LL 10 log N Ly equivalent total level L average level of the carriers group N number of carriers So if there are ten carriers with a level around 90 aByV their equivalent level will be 90 dBuV 10 log 10 100 dBuV Observe that in this case loss of tuning by overload of the RF input may occur besides other effects such as tuner saturation and generation of intermodulation products that may mask the spectrum visualization 5 14 2 Analogue TV Measuring the Video Audio ratio V A In the Audio Video measurement mode on the screen appears the following
52. ent In this way the characterisation of the band will be faster and easier when causing that the equipment only analyses a shorter set of channels Whenever a new process of exploration is activated the TV EXPLORER II 11 analyses all the present channels in the active channel plan which acts as pattern channel plan specified by means of the option CHANNEL SET from configuration D measurement menu CONFIGURATION 17 If during exploration or automatic identification process the EXPLORER detects new parameters for some channel or frequency a new list will be generated with the information updated and will be saved with the name of the original channel plan followed by the extension _Ox See the following Figure 03 2008 Page 35 ZXPROMAX USER S MANUAL TV EXPLORER II Il CCIR 02 04 501 502 809 sie 69 STD CHANNEL PLAN CCIR 01 04 S03 sus re PARAMS NEW CHANNEL PLAN CCIR 02 04 5011502503 67 68 69 STD CHANNEL PLAN J CCIR_01 02 03 04 E 69 PARAMS CH04 Figure 10 New channel plan generation process Those channels that have not been identified during the exploration process are removed from the new generated channel plan The user can save this table in the D memory modify its name and later use it by means of the CONFIGURATION ce 17 menu Also can delete any channel list
53. er card The TV EXPLORER by means of Common Interface method offers the possibility of supporting various conditional access systems so that video and or audio broadcast by encrypted services scrambled TV for subscribers may be decoded following the SimulCrypt model It provides a standard connector to insert CAM modules Conditional Access Module which allows a specific management for each codification System SimulCrypt is a process supports various parallel conditional access systems together with the encryption algorithms specified by DVB CSA Common Scrambling Algorithm to control access to pay TV services The SimulCrypt broadcasts Transport Stream contains keys for various conditional accesses thereby allowing reception by more than one type of decoder Page 90 03 2008 USER S MANUAL TV EXPLORER 11 11 ZXPROMAX The user just needs to insert the subscriber Smart Card in the CAM module connector designed for this purpose When a CAM module has been inserted and the instrument is in the digital TV operation mode accede to the Measurement D configuration menu by pressing the c 17 key and select the COMMON INTERFACE option By means of this option the user can navigate through the CAM module menu Whenever an option is selected the waiting kd icon appears until the module allows accessing to the next menu or to the option selected In order to insert or to change one CAM module follow these steps The CAM module con
54. et Melrose MA 02176 FAX 781 665 0780 TestEquipmentDepot com USER S MANUAL TV EXPLORER 11 11 DVB C QAM Presentation DVB S QPSK Presentation DVB S2 QPSK 8PSk Presentation CONSTELLATION DIAGRAM Type of signal Presentation DVB H SIGNAL PARAMETERS Carriers Guard Interval Code Rate Modulation Spectral inversion Hierarchy Cell ID TPS signalling DVB C SIGNAL PARAMETERS Demodulation Symbol rate Roll off a factor of Nyquist filter Spectral inversion DVB S SIGNAL PARAMETERS Symbol rate Roll off factor of Nyquist filter Code Rate Spectral inversion DVB S2 SIGNAL PARAMETERS Symbol rate QPSK Symbol rate 8PSK Roll off a factor of Nyquist filter Code Rate QPSK Code Rate 8PSK Spectral inversion Pilots 03 2008 AXPROMAX Power BER MER C N and Noise margin Numeric and level bar Power CBER VBER MER C N and Noise margin Numeric and level bar Power CBER LBER MER C N and wrong packets Numeric and level bar DVB T H DVB C DVB S and DVB S2 I Q graph 2k 4k 8k Selected by the user 1 4 1 8 1 16 1 32 Selected by the user 1 2 2 8 3 4 5 6 7 8 QPSK 16 QAM 64 QAM Selectable ON OFF Indicates hierarchy mode Transmitter station Time slicing symbol interleaver and MPE FEC 16 32 64 128 256 QAM 1000 to 7000 kbauds 0 15 Selectable ON OFF 2 to 45 Mbauds 0 35 1 2 2 3 3 4 5 6 7 8 and AUTO Selectable
55. g the Video Carrier Level 49 5 14 2 Analogue TV Measuring the Video Audio ratio V A 50 5 14 3 Analogue TV Measuring the FM 2351 5 14 4 Analogue FM Measuring the Level and demodulating 51 5 14 5 Analogue Digital TV Measuring the Carrier Noise ratio C N 52 5 14 6 Digital TV Measuring the Power of Digital Channels 54 AAPROMAX USER S MANUAL TV EXPLORER II Il 5 14 7 Digital TV Measuring BER nennen 55 5 14 7 4 DVB C signals is 5 14 72 DVB T H sighals taire 56 5 14 73 DVB S S2 signals nnnc ttai etnies tea tate neca 58 5 14 8 Digital TV Measuring MER zi 5 15 Constellation 62 5 15 1 DVB T H COFDM 5 5 15 1 1 Zoom scroll and erasing functions 5 15 2 DVB C QAM 5 15 3 DVB S S2 QPSK 8PSK signal esee 65 5 16 Spectrum AnalyS8I 2 iioi ae ara iaa GR CHEER 66 5 16 1 Markers ag 5 16 2 Spectrogram Only TV Explorer ll esee 68 5 16 2 1 Configuration sane 5 16 2 2 Recall a Spectrogram file 5 16 23 Delete a Spectrogram file
56. gnals Once determined the parameters of COFDM signal it will be possible to measure BER Two types of measurements appear Following is shown the BER measurement before the error corrections BER before the FEC CBER Page 56 03 2008 USER S MANUAL TV EXPLORER 1 ZI PROMAX DVB T H 5 0 2 2 1 MHz C N dB 3 274 M POWER MER dB CBER VBER Figure 31 DVB T H COFDM signals CBER measurement screen In a reception system of terrestrial digital signal after the COFDM decoder two error correction methods are applied Obviously each time we apply an error corrector to the digital signal the error rate changes therefore if we measure the error rate at the output of the COFDM demodulator at the output of the Viterbi decoder and at the output of the Reed Solomon decoder we obtain nothing more than different error rates The TV EXPLORER II 11 provides the BER after Viterbi VBER BER before FEC MER BER after Viterbi RED SOLOMON Figure 32 COFDM reception system DVB T H 5 3E 4 5 3 MHz C N 3 kHz POWER MER CBER gt VBER Figure 33 DVB T H COFDM signals VBER measurement screen The BER measurement is provided in scientific notation i e 3 1 E 7 means 3 1x10 that is to say 3 1 average value of wrong bits of each 10000000 and through a graphic bar as its length is smaller the signal quality will be better The analogue representation is done on a logarit
57. have free memory OSD INFO If this option is selected on the left edge of the screen a heading to connect each signal level dB with the respective colour will be showed START Select it to start the capture process D To finalize the capture manually pres the key lt 17 and select STOP EXIT Select it to go to the initial display 5 17 2 2 Recall a Merogram file Press the key 22 and choose RECALL MEROGRAM and select the file with the variable knob The file will be displayed on the screen All the file information is available The saved files are stored in the folder Other 5 17 2 3 Delete a Merogram file 8 Press the key 22 and choose RECALL CAPTURE select the folder others and select the file that will be erased with the variable knob Page 76 03 2008 Test Equipment Depot 800 517 8431 99 Washington Street Melrose MA 02176 FAX 781 665 0780 TestEquipmentDepot com USER S MANUAL TV EXPLORER 11 11 ZA PROMAX 5 18 Screen capture only TV EXPLORER The user can capture and save different screens in a file with the aim to process them later The screens which can be captured are the following ones available according to the model 1 Constellation Diagram 2 MER by carrier 3 Spectrum analyser In order to save a screen accede through the function or operating mode to the 8 Utilities menu 22 and select by means of the rotary selector 1 the Save as option later int
58. he BER measurement is provided in scientific notation i e 2 0 E 3 means 2 0 10 that is to say two incorrect bits of every 1 000 and through an analogue bar as its length is smaller the signal quality will be better The analogue representation is done on a logarithmic scale not linear With the aim to have a reference about the signal quality it is considered that a system has a good quality when it decodes less than one non correctable error for every transmission hour This border is known as QEF Quasi Error Free and it corresponds approximately to a BER after Viterbi of 2 0E 4 BER 2 0 10 This value is marked the measurement bar of the BER after Viterbi and therefore BER for acceptable signals must be at the left side of this mark Next it is shown the tuning frequency and the frequency deviation in MHz between the tuned frequency and the one which optimizes the BER i e Freq 1777 0 1 2 MHz Page 60 03 2008 USER S MANUAL TV EXPLORER 1 ZI PROMAX Finally it is shown a status line with information about the detected signal The possible messages that can appear and its meaning are shown in the following list The messages are exposed from less to more fulfilment of the MPEG 2 standard No signal received Any signal has been detected Signal received A signal is detected but it can not be decoded Carrier recovered A digital carrier has been detected but it can not be decoded Viterbi synchronize
59. hmic scale not linear that is to say the bar divisions correspond to the exponent of the measurement 03 2008 Page 57 USER S MANUAL TV EXPLORER II Il With the aim to have a reference about the signal quality it is considered that a system has a good quality when it decodes less than one non correctable error for every transmission hour This border is known as QEF Quasi Error Free and it corresponds approximately to a BER after Viterbi of 2 0E 4 BER 2 0x10 that is to say 2 wrong bits of each 10000 This value is marked on the measurement bar of the BER and therefore BER for acceptable signals must be at the left side of this mark Finally it is shown a status line with information about the detected signal The possible messages that can appear and its meaning are showing the following list The messages are exposed from less to more fulfilment of the MPEG 2 standard No signal received No signal has been detected Timing recovered Only it is possible to recuperate the symbol time AFC in lock The system automatic frequency control can identify and lock digital transmission TDT but its parameters can not be obtained It can be due to a transitory situation previous to the TPS identification Transmission Parameter Signalling or well to a TDT transmission with an insufficient C N ratio TPS in lock The TPS Transmission Parameter Signalling are decoded The TPS are carriers 17 in the 2k system
60. ification function short pulsation The instrument will try to identify the signal under test First it recognises whether the signal is an analogue channel or a digital one If the channel is analogue it determines the television standard of the signal detected 03 2008 Page 27 ZXPROMAX USER S MANUAL TV EXPLORER II Il When the signal is digital it analyses the modulation type QAM QPSK 8PSK COFDM and all the associated parameters such as the carriers 2k 8k the symbol rate the code rate etc and it tries to lock to the signal In the spectrum analyser and measurements mode it appears on screen the name of the network and the orbital position only in satellite band Activates the band exploration function long pulsation The meter explores the entire frequency band to identify the analogue and digital channels present Figure 5 Top panel view 30 RF RF signal input Maximum level 130 dByV Universal connector for F F or F BNC adapter with input impedance of 75 ATTENTION A Use the 10 dB attenuator AT 010 to protect the RF 30 input whenever the input signal level is greater than 130 dBuV 1 V or when suspecting about intermodulation problems This accessory allows DC voltages to pass when powering external units as LNB and amplifiers Page 28 03 2008 USER S MANUAL TV EXPLORER 1 ZI PROMAX ES 4 dit E 1 Figure 6 Connecting external attenua
61. ignal polarisation among Vertical Right vertical and circular clockwise and Horizontal Left horizontal and circular counterclockwise or to deactivate the polarization OFF Sat Band Selects the High or Low frequency band for satellite channel tuning LNB Low Osc Sets the LNB low band local oscillator LNB High Osc Sets the LNB high band local oscillator NOTE the channel tuning mode the Polarization and Sat Band options cannot be modified Page 46 03 2008 USER S MANUAL TV EXPLORER 1 This configuration menu shows besides the QPSK 8PSK signal parameters selected by user all the values automatically detected Roll Off Nyquist filter roll off factor Pilots Only in DVB S2 Pilots detection in transmission IMPORTANT REMARK DVB channels tuning may require an adjusting process It is recommended to follow next procedure 4 From the spectrum analyser mode w 13 tune the channel at its central frequency 3 Switch to Measurements mode 12 measurement selection If in the lower line of the screen does not appear MPEG 2 message and consequently BER is unacceptable by turning the rotary selector deviate the tuning frequency until MPEG 2 message appears Finally tune channel again to minimize the frequency deviation which optimizes the BER and therefore minimize the BER If it is not possible to detect any MPEG 2 channel make sure that digital signal parameters a
62. ions described in the Maintenance paragraph 03 2008 Page 11 ZXPROMAX USER S MANUAL TV EXPLORER II Il Symbols related with safety DIRECT CURRENT ALTERNATING CURRENT DIRECT AND ALTERNATING GROUND TERMINAL PROTECTIVE CONDUCTOR FRAME TERMINAL EQUIPOTENTIALITY ON Supply OFF Supply DOUBLE INSULATION Class II Protection CAUTION Risk of electric shock CAUTION REFER TO MANUAL I gt gt BO lt t Orde FUSE Page 12 03 2008 USER S MANUAL TV EXPLORER 1 ZXPROMAX 2 2 Descriptive Examples of Over Voltage Categories Cat Low voltage installations isolated from the mains Cat Il Portable domestic installations Cat III Fixed domestic installations Cat IV Industrial installations 03 2008 Page 13 Test Equipment Depot 800 517 8431 99 Washington Street Melrose MA 02176 FAX 781 665 0780 TestEquipmentDepot com USER S MANUAL TV EXPLORER II Il Page 14 03 2008 3 INSTALLATION 3 1 Power Supply The TV EXPLORER II Il is a portable instrument powered by one 7 2 V Li lon battery There is also an external DC charger provided for mains connection and battery charging 3 1 1 Operation using the External DC Charger Connect the external DC charger to EXT SUPPLY 32 on the TV EXPLORER II 11 side panel Connect the DC charger to the mains Then press the rotary selector 1 for more than two seconds The level meter is now in operation and the battery is sl
63. ipment if necessary to the Technical Service 03 2008 Page 9 USER S MANUAL TV EXPLORER II Il Page 10 03 2008 USER S MANUAL TV EXPLORER 11 11 ZXPROMAX 2 SAFETY RULES A 2 1 General safety rules The safety could not be assured if the instructions for use are closely followed Use this equipment connected only to systems with their negative of measurement connected to ground potential The AL 103 external DC charger is a Class equipment for safety reasons plug it to a supply line with the corresponding ground terminal This equipment can be used in Overvoltage Category installations and Pollution Degree 2 environments External DC charger can be used in Overvoltage Category Il installation and Pollution Degree 1 environments When using some of the following accessories use only the specified ones to ensure safety Rechargeable battery External DC charger Car lighter charger cable Power cord Observe all specified ratings both of supply and measurement Remember that voltages higher than 70 V DC or 33 V rms are dangerous Use this instrument under the specified environmental conditions When using the power adaptor the negative of measurement is at ground potential Do not obstruct the ventilation system of the instrument Use for the signal inputs outputs specially when working with high levels appropriate low radiation cables x Follow the cleaning instruct
64. iversal switch with two or four inputs by means of the rotary selector 1 CATEIITTE HORIZ LEFT j 1 20 Inv 3 Figure 57 DiSEqC command screen 10 pisEQCTM is a trademark of EUTELSAT Page 84 03 2008 USER S MANUAL TV EXPLORER II II ZXPROMAX Whenever a DiSEqC program is sent the commands that correspond to the equipment status in relation to the Horizontal or Vertical polarization and High or Low frequency band are also sent This allows assuring that the installation status is the one indicated by the equipment The COMMANDS option from DiSEqC menu allows to execute any of the following commands CHARACTER COMMAND ASSOCIATED PARAMETER POWER General RESET STANDBY SAT A B SWITCH 1 T SWITCH 2 Non assigned Switch SWITCH 3 SWITCH 4 Assigned Switch POSITION A B A B SWITCH OPTION A B DISABLE LIMITS ENABLE LIMITS LIMIT EAST LIMIT WEST DRIVE EAST SEC 1to 127 Positioner DRIVE EAST STEPS 1to 127 DRIVE WEST SEC 1to 127 DRIVE WEST STEPS 1to 127 GOTO POSITION 1 to 255 HALT STORE POSITION 1 to 255 RECALCULATE 1 to 255 Table 5 Available DiSEqC commands When selecting the COMMANDS option in the Spectrum Analyser mode eu 13 in the screen will appear a dynamic execution line in order to use with the positioner commands DRIVE EAST WEST This allows to c
65. l span full band 500 200 100 50 32 16 MHz selectable 1 with Frequency and level or C N indications Adjustable in steps of 5 or 10 dB Level Channel power Level Channel power TFT colour 6 5 inches Transflective LCD 16 9 4 3 PAL SECAM and NTSC M N B G I D K and L Variable span dynamic range and reference level by means of arrow cursors 40 dByV for correct synchronism DVB MPEG 2 MP ML MPEG 4 AVC 264 free or scrambled Y Common Interface according to available user CAM Scart 1 Vpp 75 positive video Scart 75 6 Function to be used with RP 250 or RP 050 IF signal simulator 7 Function to be used with RP 250 or RP 080 pilot signals simulator 8 Video viewing in MPEG 4 format by means of NEOTION CAM module only TV EXPLORER 11 03 2008 Page 7 AXPROMAX SOUND Input Outputs Demodulation De emphasis Subcarrier USB INTERFACE EXTERNAL UNITS POWER SUPPLY Terrestrial and Satellite 22 kHz signal Voltage Frequency Maximum power DiSEqC GENERATOR POWER SUPPLY Internal Batteries Autonomy Recharging time External Voltage Consumption Auto power off USER S MANUAL TV EXPLORER II Il Scart Built in speaker Scart TV PAL SECAM NTSC system according to DVB T H DVB C DVB S S2 and MPEG standards 50 us 75 us NTSC Digital frequency synthesis according to the TV standard For datalogger and channel plans transfe
66. me time protects it from the rain Because it is designed for outdoor use it includes an anti shock protector that completely covers the instrument and is supplied with a strong transport case As well the front panel does not have any keys nor gaps to avoid accidental water ingress Page 2 03 2008 USER S MANUAL TV EXPLORER 1 ZXPROMAX The TV EXPLORER II Il is designed to integrate measurements that require different operating configurations In this way it incorporates a specific function to facilitate the alignment of antennas When activating the alignment function the instrument is set automatically to offer a fast spectrum sweep and a high sensitivity graphical bar that allows fine adjust for the maximum signal In addition it includes a module for the powering of LNBs and DVB T antennas to 5V and the commands for the programming of DiSEqC 1 2 and SatCR devices The EXPLORER can be updated to new software versions that extend the available functions in the future That means it can incorporate new benefits without additional cost For example in the test of satellite signals distribution networks using combined with an IF generator permits to carry out an easy verification of the installations before commissionning The spectrum analyser features with high accuracy resolution sensitivity and sweep speed allows the instrument to be very useful for applications as the installation of antennas or the detection of complex impulsi
67. mple if the Spectrum Analyzer frequency is 650 MHz and the Spam 100 MHz the Spectrogram will show as initial frequency 601MHz and end frequency 701MHz 03 2008 Page 69 ZXPROMAX USER S MANUAL TV EXPLORER II Il Next to the final frequency the cursor frequency and its signal level are displayed The cursor can be moved through the whole screen Use the variable knob or the cursors and adjust the frequency and temporal position 5 16 2 1 Configuration D Before the capture begins the options must be configured Press the key e 17 and an option menu will be displayed Temporal reference Begin The captured information will be showed on the display with initial reference 0 s and it is placed on the left edge In this option the screen is not updated with news acquisitions unless the cursor is moved at the end of the capture Using the temporal position the cursor can be move through the entire file and the display will be updated according to the new temporal reference This option is very useful to visualize the captured information For example if the elapsed time is 500 sg and we want to show the 200s this number must be filled in the temporal position The cursor will be moved to and the screen will be updated showing the new levels signals End Selecting this option the cursor is related to the last acquisition time If the temporal reference is filled with O seconds the cursor will be placed at the end of the cap
68. nector 38 is located on the equipment rear panel Place the instrument on a stable surface and insert the module so the printed arrow appears on visible upper face pressing until the extractor mechanism button 39 becomes activated SUBSCRIBER SMART CARD Figure 62 Subscriber Smart Card and CAM module insertion extract an inserted CAM module press the button from extractor mechanism 39 and remove the module IMPORTANT REMARK The insertion of a CAM module or a SMART CARD in a wrong position might produce the instrument malfunction and could generate damages to the equipment 03 2008 Page 91 USER S MANUAL TV EXPLORER II Il Page 92 03 2008 USER S MANUAL TV EXPLORER 1 7 MAINTENANCE N 7 1 Considerations about the Screen This paragraph offers key considerations regarding the use of the colour screen taken from the specifications of the manufacturer In the TFT display the user may find pixels that do not light up or pixels that are permanently lit This should not be regarded as a defect in the TFT In accordance with the manufacturer quality standard 9 pixels with these characteristics are considered admissible Pixels which are not detected when the distance from the surface of the TFT screen to the human eye is greater than 35 cm with a viewing angle of 90 between the eye and the screen should not be considered manufacturing d
69. ng the rotary selector 1 select previously stored acquisition or a NEW DATALOGGER DATALOGGER 9 38 TEST POINT CHANNEL SET FREQ MHz C N kHz POWER CH MER CBER VBER CANCEL Figure 12 DATALOGGER screen In the case of digital channels which require a greater calculation process a timer counter will appear in the lower part of the screen In the upper corner the channel number being measured will appear followed by the total number of channels in the current channel plan 03 2008 Page 37 ZXPROMAX USER S MANUAL TV EXPLORER II Il In order to select the different fields on the screen press the cursors and then edit by pressing the rotary selector 1 6 key After selecting the START field the instrument begins to carry out the available measurements automatically Once completed the process will be ready to repeat again for example for a new test point or view measured data by turning the rotary selector 1 or store the information in memory SAVE or exit from this acquisition EXIT 5 10 1 DATALOGGER for Attenuation and IF SAT tests The TV EXPLORER II 1 allows to make measurement acquisitions while executing an Attenuation test at terrestrial band or an IF SAT test at satellite band see section 5 11 Verification of distribution networks For it one of these tests should be activated previously as the following figure shows CALIBRATE EXiT __ Figure 13 Atten
70. ngs to frequency and the X axis to time Therefore a colour map is showed on the display see figure 46 Any frequency signal level could be displayed at any time reference using the cursors or the variable knob This tool is especially useful when a level signal analysis is going to be processed during a long period of time When the process is finished the capture could be showed and any anomaly will be easily detected at any time Page 68 03 2008 Figure 46 Spectrogram To activate the Spectrogram the Spectrum analyzer should be performed these parameters will be the reference Span and frequency 8 Once the spectrum has been performed press 8 22 and select SPECTROGRAM using the cursors or the variable knob The figure 47 shows the initial Screen Figure 47 Initial display On the X axis the time variables references are showed On the right corner the capturing elapsed time is displayed On the center the T Span is showed it defines the seconds that will be displayed on the screen For example if the T span is 60s therefore the last 60s captured will be displayed on the screen On the left corner the t variable is used to move the cursor at any time position regards to the initial capture time To adjust the T Span or t uses the variable knob or the cursor On the Y axis are placed the frequency variables In this axis the initial and final frequencies are showed and depend on the Spectrum Analyzer configuration For exa
71. nse of a whole TV signals distribution network by means of two steps 03 2008 Page 39 ZXPROMAX USER S MANUAL TV EXPLORER II Il NOTE For this application the use of PROMAX s RP 050 RP 080 or RP 250 signal generators are required for which they have been specially designed 1 CALIBRATION Connect the generator directly to the TV EXPLORER II 11 using the BNC F adapter Power on the RP 050 RP 080 through the EXPLORER for it is necessary to set the External supply function see section 5 7 External Units Power Supply by pressing the ae 11 key and the rotary selector 1 to set a voltage of 13 V 8 Finally select the SAT IF TEST application on UTILITIES 8 22 menu for SAT band or the ATTENUATION TEST for terrestrial band connect the generator to the point where the antenna will be connected signal source D Press the 17 key to see on screen the measurement CONFIGURATION By means of the Threshold Attenuation option is possible to adjust the maximum difference between the pilots reference level from 5 to 50 dBuV Later by means of the horizontal cursors 6 key select the Calibrate function see the following figure Wait for some seconds until the calibration process for three pilots is completed MEASURING REF is indicated on screen while this process is in progress EXIT Figure 16 SAT IF Test Satellite band Page 40 03 2008 Test Equipment Depot 800 517 8431 9
72. o Carrier Noise ratio and FM deviation and demodulation Channel power Carrier Noise ratio and Channel identification Level and Carrier Noise ratio Channel power and Carrier Noise ratio Measurements automatic acquisition and storage Level C N and V A ratios Frequency offset MPEG 2 MPEG 4 detection power C N MER CBER VBER LBER and noise margin Page 6 Video viewing in MPEG 4 format by means of and CAM module only TV EXPLORER 11 5 Using PkTools software application with a PC 03 2008 USER S MANUAL TV EXPLORER 11 11 SAT IF TEST Function ATTENUATION TEST Function SPECTRUM ANALYSER MODE Satellite band Terrestrial bands Measurement bandwidth Terrestrial Satellite Span Terrestrial Satellite Markers Vertical range Measurements Terrestrial bands Analogue channels Digital channels Satellite band Analogue channels Digital channels MONITOR DISPLAY Monitor Aspect ratio Colour system TV standard Spectrum mode Sensibility BASE BAND SIGNAL VIDEO Format Conditional access types External video input Sensibility Video output AXPROMAX IF distribution network response for satellite band Signal distribution network response for terrestrial band 30 dByV to 130 dBuV 31 6 uV to 3 16 V 10 dByV to 130 3 16 uV to 3 16 V According to span 230 kHz 1 MHz 4 MHz 1 MHz Full span full band 500 200 100 50 32 16 8 MHz selectable Ful
73. omatically activated 5 SENSOR Sensor of environmental luminosity allows automatic adjusts of the display contrast and brightness contributing to the battery saving A lt u gt 6 W CURSORS Allow adjust in the Spectrum Analyser mode of the reference level and the margin of frequencies to represent span As well as the movement through the different menus and submenus that appear in the monitor 7 MONITOR 8 MAIN KEYBOARD 12 keys to select functions and entering alphanumeric data Page 22 03 2008 Test Equipment Depot 800 517 8431 99 Washington Street Melrose MA 02176 FAX 781 665 0780 TestEquipmentDepot com 10 11 12 USER S MANUAL TV EXPLORER 1 ZI PROMAX G3 em M O 7 ABC DEF r 0 JK b MNO N amp PORS TUV WXYZ eS Pa 2888 Figure 4 Main keyboard 6 SEqC e TV KEY It allows visualising the image of TV corresponding to the input signal as well as data relative to the reception of the video signal Key number 1 to enter numeric data 2 asc EXTERNAL UNITS POWER SUPPLY Enables selecting the power supply to the external units Available voltages are External 5 V 13 V 15 V 18 V and 24 V for the terrestrial band and External 5 V 13 V 15 V 18 V 13 V 22 kHz and 18 V 22 kHz for the satellite band Key number 2 to enter numeric data 3 oer MEASUREMENTS Enables the type of measurement to be
74. onal noise events It presents an innovative control system based on four arrows that makes the use of the spectrum analyser very intuitive The arrows allow adjusting the reference level by steps of 10 or 5 dB and the frequency margin span on screen To enhance its convenience of use it includes memories to store automatically the different data acquisitions i e acquisition name test points frequency channel plan etc Moreover the DATALOGGER function makes it much easier to test systems in which a large number of measurements have to be made and enables further processing of all the information acquired using a computer system The equipment is able to generate automatic measurement reports and to update itself through Internet by means of PkTools provided software The TV EXPLORER Il in addition allows to record and to play a TS corresponding to services from a digital channel For it the equipment uses an internal memory of up to 1 GB Also this meter incorporates a DiSEqC command generator and permits to supply different voltages to the external unit 5 V 13 V 15 V 18 V 24 V and includes EUROCONNECTOR or Scart connector for audio video input output The TV EXPLORER II Il is powered by rechargeable battery or connected to the mains through the supplied external DC power charger It incorporates a USB port which enables the communication with a PC and to download dataloggers and channel plans DiSEqC
75. onfiguration menu that appears when D pressing the E 17 key 03 2008 Page 53 ZXPROMAX USER S MANUAL TV EXPLORER II Il IMPORTANT REMARK In order to measure digital channel C N ratio it is indispensable to tune channel at its central frequency In the case of the presence of adjacent digital channels these could mask the noise level measurement 5 14 6 Digital TV Measuring the Power of Digital Channels The TV EXPLORER II 1 measures digital channel power in the measurement filler bandwidth and estimates total channel power assuming that spectral density is uniform throughout channel bandwidth On selecting the CHANNEL POWER measurement mode the screen displays the following information DVB T H POWER 55 8 dBpV E EN 10 30 50 70 90 110 130 MHz C N dB 3 2 gt POWER dBuv MER dB CBER VBER Figure 28 Digital channel power measurement In addition to the power of the digital channel 55 8 dByV in previous figure this also shows the tuning frequency or channel depending on the tuning mode selected and the offset frequency to calculate the digital channel power and the deviation frequency of the central tuning calculated by the demodulator measurement that indicates the adjustment in the channel tuning For the power measurement of a digital channel to be correct it is essential to have previously defined the channel bandwidth using the Channel BW option in the D Measurements
76. or remove and add channels from another B standard list by means of the editing options offered by the 8 UTILITIES 22 menu DWVB T H POWIE iBuV 10 30 10 130 dB dBuv dB Figure 11 Channel plans listing Keep the 24 key pressed in order to accede to the listing of channel plans available in the instrument and later select the current channel plan by means of the rotary selector 1 Page 36 03 2008 The TV EXPLORER II II allows directly changing the tuned channel pertaining a to the active channel plan by means of the horizontal cursors 6 key From this 1 way once selected the channel tuning field 24 and the TV 10 and 3 MEASUREMENTS 12 operation modes is possible to check cyclically the entire active channel list NOTE The icon kd in the upper corner of the screen indicates that the equipment is carrying out an internal operation and user must wait to complete it 5 10 Acquisition function DATALOGGER The Datalogger function allows the user to carry out and store measurements in a fully automatic way It can store for each acquisition the measurements made in different points of the installation The measurements made are relevant to the current analogue or digital channel in the active channel plan To select the Datalogger function activate the UTILITIES 8 22 select the RUN DATALOGGER option Later by turni
77. owly charged When the instrument is connected to the mains the CHARGER indicator 4 remains lit This indicator changes of colour according to the battery charge status BATTERY CHARGE STATUS YELLOW GREEN Table 1 Indication of the battery charge status CHARGER 3 1 2 Operation using the Battery For the device to operate on the battery disconnect the power cable and press the rotary selector 1 for more than two seconds The fully charged battery can power the equipment for more than 4 5 hours non stop If battery is very weak the battery cut off circuit will prevent the device from functioning In such a situation battery must be recharged immediately Before taking any measurements you have to check the charge status of the battery by checking the battery charge level indicator that appears when activating the 3 measurement mode pressing key 12 These are the indicators on screen 03 2008 Page 15 USER S MANUAL TV EXPLORER II Il BATTERY CHARGE LEVEL INDICATORS COLOUR SYMBOL CHARGE LEVEL 75 100 30 75 10 30 Empty battery Recharge in progress Table 2 Indication of the battery charge level on screen 3 1 2 1 Battery Charging To fully charge the battery connect the instrument to the external DC charger without activating the power on process The length of time it takes to recharge it depends on the condition of the b
78. r Through the RF input connector External or 5 13 15 18 24 V Selectable in satellite band 0 65 V 0 25 V 22 kHz 4 kHz 5W According to DiSEqC 1 2 standard 7 2 V 12 Ah Li lon battery gt 4 5 hours in continuous mode 3 hours up to 80 instrument off 12 V 30 W Programmable After the selected amount of minutes without operating on control Deactivable OPERATING ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS Altitude Temperature range Max relative humidity Up to 2000 m From 5 to 40 C Automatic disconnection by excess of temperature 80 up to 31 C decreasing lineally up to 50 at 40 C 9 DiSEqC is a trademark of EUTELSAT Page 8 03 2008 USER S MANUAL TV EXPLORER 1 MECHANICAL FEATURES Dimensions 230 W x 161 H x 76 D mm Total size 2 814 cm Weight 2 2 kg without holster INCLUDED ACCESSORIES 1x CB 077 Rechargeable Li battery 7 2 V 12 Ah 1x AT 010 10 dB attenuator 1x AD 055 F F BNC F adapter 1x AD 056 F F DIN F adapter 1x AD 057 F F F F adapter 1x AL 103 External DC charger 1x DC 229 Transport suitcase 1x DC 267 Carrying bag 1x DC 289 Transport belt 1x AA 103 Car lighter charger 1x CC 040 Cable Connection USB 1x CA 005 Mains cord 1x USB Memory OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES DC 266 Protective bag RECOMMENDATIONS ABOUT THE PACKING It is recommended to keep all the packing material in order to return the equ
79. r dispersion of the symbols indicates greater level of noise or worse signal quality If concentration of symbols or noise appears is indicative of good carrier noise ratio or absence of problems as phase noise etc 03 2008 Page 63 USER S MANUAL TV EXPLORER II Il 5 15 1 1 Zoom scroll and erasing functions The TV EXPLORER II Il also includes a ZOOM function to enlarge graphic representation over one single quadrant Select the SCROLL option to move the focus over the whole viewing area using arrow cursors v 6 key CLEAR option to reset the graph screen or SHARP option to increase the image clearness MODULATION F CARRIER TYPE data DESPLAZAR PULSAR ENCODER DECAY Figure 41 Zoom x2 constellation diagram 5 15 2 DVB C QAM signal Sets on the UTILITIES menu by pressing the 8 22 key and select the CONSTELLATION option On screen appears the modulation type DVB C 256 QAM Also the frequency and channel number are indicated Finally it shows the type of DVB C broadcast network used MODULATION 1 CLEAR Figure 42 Constellation diagram DVB C QAM 256 signal Page 64 03 2008 USER S MANUAL TV EXPLORER 11 11 The transmission quality is visualised in a qualitative way using a colour range for the symbol density concentrated in a certain area This colour coding goes from black no symbols to re
80. re correctly defined 5 14 Selecting the Measurements The types of measurements available depend on the operating band terrestrial or satellite and the type of signals analogue or digital Terrestrial band Analogue channels Level Level measurement of the currently tuned carrier Video Audio Video carrier to audio carrier ratio C N Ratio between the modulated signal power and the equivalent noise power for a same bandwidth according to TV standard FM Deviation Measure the frequency peak deviation for any modulated analogue carrier in FM 03 2008 Page 47 USER S MANUAL TV EXPLORER 11 1 Terrestrial band Digital channels DVB C and DVB T H Channel power C N MER CBER VBER Channel power is measured assuming that power spectral density is uniform throughout channel bandwidth To measure it correctly it is indispensable to define the Channel BW Out channel measurement Noise level is measured at fyojge ftuning Je Channel BW To measure it correctly digital channel must be tuned at its central frequency Modulation error ratio with noise margin indication BER measurement Bit error rate for the digital signal before error correction BER before FEC BER measurement Bit error rate for the digital signal after error correction BER after Viterbi Satellite band Analogue channels Level C N Level measurement of the currently tuned carrier Ratio between th
81. roduce by means of the alphanumeric keyboard 8 the file name of the Screen to be captured and finally confirm it by pressing again the rotary selector 1 5 18 1 Recall screen Accede to the Utilities menu 8 22 and select one of the following options according to the type of capture that has been carried out 1 Recall Constellation Recall a constellation diagram 2 Recall MER by Carrier Recall a MER by carrier graph 3 Recall Spectrum Recall a frequency spectrum graph When trying an option by means of the rotary selector 1 it appears a menu that contains the names of the stored files Select one using the rotary selector 1 or press EXIT The saved spectrum constellation and MER by carrier data can be exported in the form of a text file CSV These files can be very useful if they are included in documents such as a spreadsheet data base etc There is a software application to download the files to the PC Users can also develop a tailored program to read those files using remote control commands 03 2008 Page 77 ZXPROMAX USER S MANUAL TV EXPLORER II Il 5 18 2 Delete capture Also it is possible to delete the stored screens For it accede to the Utilities menu 8 22 and after activating this function select one of the following options according to the model and type of capture that has been done 1 constell Deletes a constellation diagram 2 mer Deletes a MER by carrier graph 3 sp Deletes a frequency sp
82. ror rate after the corrector is lower to the error rate at the QAM decoder output This is the reason because this screen provides the BER measurement before FEC Forward Error Correction BER before FEC REED SOLOMON Figure 30 Digital reception system via cable The BER measurement is provided in scientific notation i e 1 0 E 5 means 1 0x10 that is to say one wrong bit of every 100 000 and through an analogue bar as its length is smaller the signal quality will be better The analogue representation is done on a logarithmic scale not linear With the aim to have a reference about the signal quality it is considered that a system has a good quality when it decodes less than one non correctable error for every transmission hour This border is known as QEF Quasi Error Free and it corresponds approximately to a BER before FEC of 2 0E 4 BER 2 0x10 that is to say two incorrect bits of every 10 000 This value is marked on the measurement bar of the BER and therefore BER for acceptable signals must be at the left side of this mark Below the BER analogue bar it is shown the tuned frequency or channel and the frequency deviation in kHz between the tuned frequency and the one which optimizes the BER i e 800 00 MHz 1 2 kHz This deviation must be adjusted specially from the C N measurement in satellite band by tuning again the channel in frequency mode i 24 to the lower reachable value 5 14 7 2 DVB T H si
83. t channel audio output 2 Right channel audio input 3 Left channel audio output 4 Audio grounding 5 Blue grounding B 6 Left channel audio input T Blue output B 8 Switching voltage 9 Green grounding G 10 Digital bus interface not connected 11 Green output G 12 Digital bus interface not connected 13 Red grounding R 14 Digital bus reserved not connected 15 Red output R 16 Blanked signal not connected 17 Composite video grounding 18 Blanked return not connected 19 Composite video output 20 Video input 21 Connector shield grounding Table 6 Description of the Scart 03 2008 Page 89 ZXPROMAX USER S MANUAL TV EXPLORER II Il In order to select the SCART connector operation mode between video Input video Output or Automatic from the TV visualisation mode 10 in terrestrial band follow the following steps D 1 Select the Measurement Configuration menu by pressing the c 17 key and verify that the type of signal selected is ANALOGUE 2 Select the suitable operation mode for the SCART by means of the Video Aud Ext option in this menu 6 4 Connector for CAM modules and SMART CARD only TV EXPLORER Enables the conditional access disencryption of encoded digital TV signals in agreement with the DVB CI Common Interface recommendation This technology supports all those disencryption systems for which a valid CAM module exists according to DVB CI with the corresponding subscrib
84. terbi TUNER OD VITERBI REED SOLOMON gt Figure 35 Digital reception system via satellite DVB S Figure 36 DVB S QPSK signals VBER measurement screen 03 2008 Page 59 Test Equipment Depot 800 517 8431 99 Washington Street Melrose MA 02176 FAX 781 665 0780 TestEquipmentDepot com USER S MANUAL TV EXPLORER II Il In a digital reception system for satellite signals DVB S2 after the QPSK decoder other two different correction methods are applied see following Figure In this case as the previous one each time we apply an error corrector to a digital signal the error rate changes therefore if we measure in a digital satellite television system for example the error rate at the output of the QPSK 8PSK demodulator at the output of the Low Density Parity Check LDPC decoder and at the output of the BCH decoder we obtain nothing more than different error rates This is the reason because the BER measurement is provided after LDPC LBER Also stating the Packet Error Ratio PER as packets non correctable received by the demodulator during the measurement elapsed time BER before FEC CBER BER after LDPC QPSK 8PSK Figure 37 Digital reception system via satellite DVB S2 DVB S2 LBER 2 7E 7 PER O ELAPSED TIME 00 00 05 FREQ MHz C N 1657 kHz POWER MHz MER CBER gt LBER Figure 38 DVB S2 QPSK 8PSK signals LBER measurement screen T
85. the value of the rest of signal parameters detected automatically Code Rate Also known as Viterbi ratio defines the ratio between the data bits number and the total number of bits transmitted the difference corresponds to the number of control bits for the error detection and recovery Modulations Carriers modulation It also defines the system noise immunity QPSK 16 QAM and 64 QAM Hierarchy The DVB T H norm contemplates the possibility to make a TDT transmission with hierarchical levels it is to say a simultaneous transmission of the same program with different image qualities and noise protection levels in order the receiver can exchange to a signal of smaller quality when the reception conditions are not optimal Page 44 03 2008 USER S MANUAL TV EXPLORER 1 ZXPROMAX Cell ID Cell identifier Snows the transmissor identification code nVR T H DVB T J 3 3 Figure 20 Screen of mesurement configuration COFDM signals 5 13 3 DVB S S2 QPSK 8PSK Digital Channel Configuration Press the Measurements Configuration 17 key to access to the CONFIGURATION menu and turn the rotary selector 1 to access the QPSK 8PSK signals parameters which can be defined by user and are described below 1 2 3 4 Channel BW channel bandwidth Enables the channel bandwidth to be selected over a range from 1 3 MHz to 60 75 MHz The selection of this parameter is essen
86. tial for the correct operation of the tuner as it affects the frequency separation of the carriers Spectral Inv If necessary activate the Spectral inversion On Reception will be bad if spectral inversion has been incorrectly selected Code Rate Also known as Viterbi ratio It defines the ratio between the number of data bits and actual transmission bits the difference corresponds to the control bits for error detection and correction In DVB S it permits to choose between 1 2 2 3 3 4 5 6 and 7 8 In DVB S2 it permits to choose one of the following values 1 4 1 3 2 5 1 2 3 5 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 8 9 y 9 10 Symbol Rate It is possible to choose over the following values from 1000 to 45000 kbauds When selecting the option appears the current value in order to modify it enter a new value through keyboard when appears the data enter symbol appears on the upper left corner screen 03 2008 Page 45 5 6 7 8 9 ZXPROMAX USER S MANUAL TV EXPLORER II Il When altering this parameter modifies automatically the value of the Channel Bandwidth and vice versa due to the relation that exists between these two parameters Figure 21 Mesurement configuration screen QPSK signals Modulations Only in DVB S2 Modulation used by carriers It defines also the system noise immunity QPSK and 8PSK Polarization It affects to the signal reception in the SAT band satellite It allows to select the the s
87. tion of a channel unknown before going to the next one Only satellite band Selects the C band or Ku band for tuning satellite signals Activates the automatic power off mode Select the power off timeout from 1 to 120 minutes 03 2008 23 24 25 USER S MANUAL TV EXPLORER 11 11 ZXPROMAX Terrestrial Units Select the measurements units for terrestrial and cable dBuV dBmV or dBm Satellite Units Select the measurements units for satellite dBuV dBmV or dBm Rotary Selector Select the movement sense CW clockwise or CCW counterclockwise Ref level It selects the most suitable range when accessing to the spectrum analyser mode MANUAL defined by the user or AUTO calculated by the instrument Transport Mode It activates or it deactivates the automatic power off function for transportation So it allows to prevent an accidental start up of the equipment Exit Exit from preferences menu Key number 8 to enter numeric data g 2 wxyz ANTENNA ALIGNMENT Tool for faster sweep antenna alignment at terrestrial and satellite bands Displays the measurements by means of a graph level bar Key number 9 to enter numeric data 0 TUNING BY CHANNEL OR FREQUENCY Switches tuning mode between channel and frequency In channel mode the tuning frequency is defined by the active channels table CCIR Key number 0 to enter numeric data A AUTO ID EXPLORER Activates the automatic ident
88. topped and stored CONTINUOUS The equipment starts the capture and it is not stopped until the user does it manually or the equipment does not have free memory OSD info If this option is selected on the left edge of the screen a heading to connect each signal level dB with the respective colour will be showed Start Select it to start the capture process D To finalize the capture manually pres the key 17 and select STOP Exit Select it to go to the initial display 5 16 2 2 Recall a Spectrogram file Press the key 22 choose RECALL SPECTROGRAM and select the file with the variable knob The file will be displayed on the screen All the file information is available The saved files are stored in the folder Other 03 2008 Page 71 ZXPROMAX USER S MANUAL TV EXPLORER II Il 5 16 2 3 Delete a Spectrogram file Press the key 22 choose RECALL CAPTURE select the folder others and select the file that will be erased with the variable knob 5 17 MER by carrier COFDM 5 17 1 Graph of MER by carrier COFDM This function analyses the MER for each of the carriers forming the selected channel and displays it continuously in a graphic form It is very useful measurement in order to analyze systems in which signals of different types and sources interfere among them as in the case of the transition from analogue to digital TV In next figure a MER by carrier analysis for a COFDM 8k signal is performe
89. tor on RF input 30 ATTENTION AN Note the importance to protect the RF 30 input signal with accessory to block the AC voltages used in CATV cables needed to feed the amplifiers and remote control 69 G9 amp 62 63 Figure 7 Lateral panel elements 31 RESET button Enables the user to restart the instrument if there is any irregularity when operating 03 2008 Page 29 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 ZXPROMAX USER S MANUAL TV EXPLORER II Il External 12 V power supply input Loudspeaker Fan SCART connector Transport belt hook Figure 8 Rear panel view USB Connector It enables the communication with a PC and to download dataloggers and channel plans CAM module connection socket Only TV EXPLORER Enables the conditional access desencryption of encoded digital TV signals in agreement with DVB CI Common Interface recommendation CAM module extraction button Only TV EXPLORER Press it to remove a CAM module inserted into the connection socket 38 Page 30 03 2008 USER S MANUAL TV EXPLORER II II 5 2 Adjustment of Volume and Monitor Parameters xt Repeatedly pressing the 20 key sequentially activates the VOLUME CONTRAST BRIGHTNESS SATURATION and HUE control menus this last only for NTSC colour system On activation of a menu for a specific parameter the screen displays a horizontal
90. ture therefore the screen always shows the last acquired data This option is very useful if we want to work during the capture process due to the problems can be detected in real time and the cursor can be moved at any temporal reference When a temporal movement is introduced noticed that a negative sing is placed before the number by default This is due to the displayed data on the screen is captured in real time so that if we want to analyze a previous point we should go backward in the time For example if the elapsed time is 500 s and we want to go to the second 200 the temporal position t must be filled with 300s Save Introduce a name to save the file If the name already exists a message will be showed and the file could be overwritten or the operation canceled Page 70 03 2008 USER S MANUAL TV EXPLORER II II AXPROMAX Acquisition mode Select the different modes to capture a file CIRCULAR If this option is selected other menu will be displayed Choose the file duration The capture system stores the data in a file during the performed period of time When the elapsed time is higher than the file the last captured data will be stored For example if the selected file time is 1800s and the elapsed time is 36000 the file will be stored the seconds from 34200 to 36000 BOUNDED If this option is selected other menu will be displayed Choose the file duration When the end of the file arrives the capture will be s
91. uation Test Terrestrial band In order to make the automatic acquisition of these measurements select it from 8 UTILITIES menu by pressing the 8 22 key and activating the RUN DATALOGGER option and later the NEW DATALOGGER option In the CHANNEL SET field will appear the type of test that the instrument is going to store automatically Page 38 03 2008 USER S MANUAL TV EXPLORER 1 ZA PROMAX DATALOGGER TEST POINT CHANNEL SET FREQ 2 REF kHz LEVEL CH S SAVE Figure 14 Datalogger screen for Attenuation test frequencies Once the START option is selected the instrument will capture all test values corresponding to the three pilot frequencies in the active band When measuring is completed it will offer the options to store data or to start a new acquisition DATALOGGER FI NI SHED TEST POINT CHANNEL SET FREQ MHz REF kHz LEVEL CH Figure 15 End of data acquisition NOTE In order to select the function Attenuation test or IF SAT test might be necessary to switch the frequency band between Terrestrial or Satellite 5 N by means of the front panel vx key 14 5 11 Verification of distribution networks SAT IF Test Attenuation Test This application allows to verify easily the TCI features Telecommunications Common Infrastructures before the antennas and head end devices are operative The procedure allows to evaluate the frequency respo
92. ymbol based keyboard that allows the direct access to the various functions that are displayed simultaneously on screen The TV EXPLORER Il 1 makes a dynamic exploration of the spectrum detecting all the channels in the explored band this applies for the terrestrial and the satellite television bands The meter locates all the channels in the spectrum with no need of any previous information about the number of channels the type of signals transmitted or their characteristics With the data collected after each exploration it creates a register that contains tables of channels that can be independent for each system or installation At any time the measurement sessions using only the pretuned channels can be repeated In this way it is possible to optimise the measurement process Shown on the frontal panel is the type of measurement that is being carried Terrestrial Satellite Analogue Digital and the data are presented on a hi res 6 5 colour graphic TFT transflective display with panoramic aspect ratio 16 9 The equipment incorporates a light sensor that activates the contrast and luminosity of the display according to the environmental conditions Furthermore the TV EXPLORER Il comes with a conector for CAM modules PC Card that allows the insertion of subscriber conditional access cards The EXPLORER is an ideal size to hold with a hand The instrument can be held to the body with the carrying bag or transport belt which at the sa

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