STM8 bootloader frequently asked questions
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1. yy TN0189 Technical note STM8 bootloader frequently asked questions May 2011 Introduction All STM8A STM8L and STM8S devices with a Flash memory space greater than 16 Kbytes have a ROM bootloader Please read the device datasheets for further information STM8AF51 xx STMB8AF61 xx STM8AH61 xx STM8S105xx STM8S207xx STM8S208xx STM8L151xx using the USART STM8L152xx using the USART Please refer to the UM0500 STM8A bootloader user manual and the UM0560 STM8L S bootloader for more information on how to use the respective bootloaders of the above families This document contains a list of frequently asked questions FAQ on the bootloader which were received from users and subsequently answered and collected by customer support Doc ID 16979 Rev 2 1 13 www st com Table of contents TN0189 Table of contents 2 13 IRMOGUCTION sosse embed AE a cde eee Meee 1 FAQ and answers 24666 cede tee eee ed eee he eee we ee pee ee ee ee 4 2 1 Which PC software can use for connecting to the STM8 bootloader 4 2 2 Does PC software with command line support exist 4 2 3 Which baudrate should use with bootloader communication 4 2 4 What should do if there is no answer from the STM8 when start the Flash loader demonstrator 000 00 4 2 5 What should do when the following message appears in the Flash loader demonstrator Could not find E_W_ROUTINEs file for2. What should I do if the device Flash memory cannot be programmed stopping communication after write or erase commands are sent to the Flash when use my own uploading software Before uploading content into the Flash EEPROM memory you must firstly write E_W routines into the RAM These RAM routines are called by the bootloader when the destination address is in the Flash or EEPROM memory The Flash EEPROM memory must be programmed from the RAM Next upload E_W routines into the RAM address AOh using the WRITE bootloader command STMB8L devices do not require E_W routine downloading because the routines are stored inside device not externally Where do I obtain E_W routines for a device that want to upload through the SPI or UART when using my own software E_W routines are disseminated free of charge as attachment to the UM0560 and UM0500 user manuals on www st com Routines are also present in Flash loader demonstrator installation subdirectory STM8_Routines Load the appropriate routine to the RAM address AOh using the WRITE bootloader command What should I do if the following message appears when want to connect to the device with the Flash loader demonstrator Cannot get available commands please try to change Echo selection reset your device then try again In this case Echo mode probably needs to be enabled on the UART Try to enable Echo mode in the PC software and to connect again Echo mode can be
3. enabled on the UARTs of the following devices STM8S207 208 on UART3 STM8S105 on UART2 e STM8A on LINUART Doc ID 16979 Rev 2 ky TN0189 FAQ and answers 2 12 Note 2 13 Figure 3 Dialog message if experiencing problems when trying to connect to the device with the Flash loader demonstrator STMicroelectronics flash loader Cannot get available commands Please Try to change Echo selection Reset your device then try again What does Echo mode mean Answer A Echo mode is where each received byte from the device is sent back to the device It is designed for a physical layer where the RxD and TxD lines are shared providing a half duplex system with communication in both directions via a LIN or RS485 connection Answer B Echo mode can be enabled on UARTs see Section 2 11 Normal mode without Echo is enabled on UART1 on the STM8S207 208 and on the USART on the STM8A51xx When using SPI communication what should I do if have difficulties uploading the Flash memory or if the upload process stops Answer A SPI mode is master driven where the host pulls answers from device It is therefore important to implement delays of adequate length on the host side when the host wants to obtain answers from the device The device must be ready sent commands have to be processed and the device must be prepared to send them to the host See the UM0500 and UM0560 for the required delay cal
4. this version X X Please make sure you selected the right device 0 5 2 6 How do enable the bootloader 220200000 eee eee 6 2 7 How do set the bootloader option byte through the Flash loader demonstrator 0 0c eee 6 2 8 How do obtain the S19 file with the bootloader option byte inside it 7 2 9 What should do if the device Flash memory cannot be programmed stopping communication after write or erase commands are sent to the Flash when I use my own uploading software 0000 8 2 10 Where do l obtain E_W routines for a device that want to upload through the SPI or UART when using my own software 05 8 2 11 What should I do if the following message appears when want to connect to the device with the Flash loader demonstrator Cannot get available commands please try to change Echo selection reset your device then try AJAM ceeteee bev ated ee aes Reese PRonreceedsee ih eee deed as 8 2 12 What does Echo mode mean 000 cece eee 9 2 13 When using SPI communication what should do if have difficulties uploading the Flash memory or if the upload process stops 9 2 14 What should do if communication between the master and bootloader is not working when using CAN communication 5 10 2 15 Is the bootloader active if readout protection ROP is enabled 10 2 16 How can upload firmware through the bootloader i
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6. culations Answer B An alternative to implementing long delays on the host side is to use special E_W RAM routines which send back the busy status if the device is not ready In other words the host continues to poll the device until the busy byte answer disappears This speeds up the upload process and provides safer implementation Contact ST support to obtain the E_W RAM routines See the UM0560 for further explanations Doc ID 16979 Rev 2 9 13 FAQ and answers TN0189 2 14 2 15 2 16 2 17 10 13 What should I do if communication between the master and bootloader is not working when using CAN communication A bug due to unitialized CAN message filters exists in STM8S208xx implementation of the CAN interface bootloader Consequently the user is unable to use the CAN interface with the bootloader in virgin devices To solve this bug the CAN message filters must be initialized from the user firmware followed by a jump to the bootloader to address 0x6000 However the user firmware must first be loaded into the device by the SWIM interface The CAN bootloader works on this second call from the user firmware ST can provide prepared user code which is locked in the user boot code area UBC from address 0x8000 to 0x8400 This code corrects the bug and the user firmware can start from address 0x8400 instead of 0x8000 Is the bootloader active if readout protection ROP is enabled No the bootloader does n
7. e 1 Dialog message when an E_W_ROUTINEs file for a specific bootloader version cannot be found STMicroelectronics flash loader dd Could not find the E_ W_ROUTINEs file For this version 2 1 Please make sure you selected the right device Answer B If the message appears again and you selected the correct device a new version of the bootloader must exist inside the device for which there are no E_W routines in the PC software Please update your PC software Figure 2 Dialog message when the PC software needs to be updated Flash Loader Demonstrator Please select your device in the target list Target Select rel STM8_16K STM8_256K Version STM8_32K Flash mapping Name Start address End address_ Size TT Doc ID 16979 Rev 2 5 13 FAQ and answers TN0189 2 6 Note 2 7 6 13 How do I enable the bootloader Answer A If the device is erased the bootloader is always active Answer B If the device is not empty the bootloader is activated by setting the bootloader option bytes to 55AAh This can be done by STVP or manually by the SWIM interface If the device is empty it can be done by the bootloader itself To enable the option bytes if the device is empty bootloader active write the correct bootloader option bytes to the device option byte area As a consequence of bootloader option byte activation the device Flash memory
8. e write protected It is highly recommended that the implemented code follows a similar structure as the built in bootloader However the implemented code must also occupy some place in the RAM ST provides an example of the user bootloader which works the same way as the ROM bootloader See the attached source codes in the AN2659 The user can modify source codes to fit them to a given STM8 type to reduce space or add functionality Other questions For all other questions please contact ST STM8 bootloader support or refer to the mcu web site on www st com Doc ID 16979 Rev 2 11 13 Revision history TN0189 3 Revision history Table 2 Document revision history Date Revision Changes 19 Feb 2010 1 Initial release Replaced Section 2 14 What should I do if communication between the master and bootloader is not working when using CAN 17 May 2011 2 communication Replaced Flash memory by RAM in Section 2 18 What is the solution for STM8 devices without a ROM bootloader 4 12 13 Doc ID 16979 Rev 2 TN0189 Please Read Carefully Information in this document is provided solely in connection with ST products STMicroelectronics NV and its subsidiaries ST reserve the right to make changes corrections modifications or improvements to this document and the products and services described herein at any time without notice All ST products are sold pursuant to ST s ter
9. erent according to the chosen MCU Please refer to the component datasheets 2 8 How do I obtain the 19 file with the bootloader option byte inside it There are several ways to obtain the S19 file 1 Use the Flash loader demonstrator a b Download the option byte area from the device to the S19 file Change the bootloader option byte address for the correct value 55AAh in the given saved file using an S19 HEX editor Note Also change the checksum in the edited S19 file line see S19 file specification 2 Use STVD in debug mode a Start a simple STVD project with a given device b Connect the device and the SWIM c Start debug mode and set the correct value of the option bytes in STVD using the Debug instruments MCU configuration menu to enable the bootloader d Open the memory window and right click on the mouse to open the File Save Layout menu e Select the bootloader option byte addresses for example 487Eh to 487Fh and save to the S19 file 3 Use STVP a Start STVP and connect the device and SWIM b Go to the option byte page c Set the correct bootloader option byte value to enable it d Save the option byte addresses to the S19 file Note If there is a bug complementary bytes will not be saved The bug should be removed otherwise save to the S19 file through method 1 or 2 Doc ID 16979 Rev 2 7 13 FAQ and answers TN0189 2 9 Note Note 2 10 2 11 8 13
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11. nto an ROP protected GEVE airs oe ened antes a e et es Gee dele ee Ps 10 2 17 Is an ROP protected device safe from having its inside code read through the bootloader 2 0 0 0 tte 10 2 18 What is the solution for STM8 devices without a ROM bootloader 11 Doc ID 16979 Rev 2 ky TN0189 Table of contents 2 19 Other questions unaua nannaa 11 3 Revision history sssssannnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnn 12 ky Doc ID 16979 Rev 2 3 13 FAQ and answers TN0189 2 2 1 Note 2 2 2 3 2 4 4 13 FAQ and answers Which PC software can I use for connecting to the STM8 bootloader The PC software Flash loader demonstrator is used to connect to the STM8 UART via an RS232 port It is provided by ST and can be downloaded free of charge from the ST website www st com The Flash loader demonstrator application is dedicated to the UART and LIN bootloader and is fully functional However it is provided only as a demonstration software For custom applications it is recommended that you write your own PC software according to the STM8A bootloader user manual UM0500 or the STM8L S bootloader UM0560 Free PC software development tools can be used from the Internet for example GNU tools Does PC software with command line support exist Yes the Flash loader demonstrator software has command line support An STM8FlashLoader exe program exits in the installation directory of the Flash loader dem
12. onstrator This program is a command line version of the Flash loader demonstrator Run it in MS DOS command terminal to obtain command line option descriptions Which baudrate should I use with bootloader communication The STMB8 bootloader has automatic baudrate detection when communication starts Consequently you can use baudrates from 4800 baud up to 500 kbaud What should I do if there is no answer from the STM8 when start the Flash loader demonstrator Answer A The bootloader must be enabled by the bootloader option bytes or the device has to be already erased Answer B If the device is already programmed after reset the bootloader waits for the host for only 1 s Consequently before connecting to the STM8 from the Flash loader demonstrator you must reset the device and immediately press the next button in the PC software Doc ID 16979 Rev 2 ky TN0189 FAQ and answers 2 5 What should I do when the following message appears in the Flash loader demonstrator Could not find E_W_ROUTINEs file for this version X X Please make sure you selected the right device Answer A In this case the PC software has read the bootloader version X X from the device and is trying to find the corresponding erase write routines E_W routines Please confirm this message and select the given connected device from the drop down menu Once the correct device is selected this message will not appear again Figur
13. ot run if ROP is set This is to protect reading and or writing code into the device which protects the memory against Trojan horse malfunctions How can upload firmware through the bootloader into an ROP protected device Answer A The bootloader is not active when ROP is set However the user application can jump back to the bootloader to a special bootloader entry point after ROP check The jump back to the bootloader in ROP protected devices is application dependent In the user application it is strongly recommended to follow an authentication process and implement a password check before allowing the user firmware to jump back to the bootloader Answer B This situation is explained in the UMO560 user manuals Is an ROP protected device safe from having its inside code read through the bootloader Yes the device is safe from code reading because after startup the bootloader monitors ROP protection If ROP is set the bootloader jumps directly to the user application even if the bootloader has been enabled by the option bytes Doc ID 16979 Rev 2 ky TN0189 FAQ and answers 2 18 2 19 What is the solution for STM8 devices without a ROM bootloader STMB8 devices with a Flash memory below 16 Kbytes usually have no built in ROM bootloader However the user can implement his own bootloader code user bootloader and locate it in the UBC area This area is located at the beginning of the Flash memory and can b
14. which is now no longer empty and the bootloader remain active up to 1 s after reset Enabling the bootloader by setting the bootloader option bytes is recommended as the first operation on virgin devices How do I set the bootloader option byte through the Flash loader demonstrator To set the bootloader option bytes you must have an S19 file which contains a memory area with a bootloader option byte address inside See example below of the s19 with the option byte highlighted Example Bootloader option byte for STM8S105x6 address 487E and 487F 104480000B3 104480100B2 1044802FFB2 104480300B0 1044804FFBO 104480500A 1044806FFAI 104480700AC 1044808FFAC 104480900AA 104480AFFAA 104480B00A8 104480CFFA8 S104480D00A6 S104487E55E0 lt Bootloader enable option S104487FAAE0 lt Complemented Bootloader enable option S9030000FC E E NNNNNNNNnNNNUNHNnNMN Table 1 Reminder S19 format record type length_Add_and CS_include Add data CS Doc ID 16979 Rev 2 ky TN0189 FAQ and answers The Flash loader demonstrator offers S19 files for upload to the device Ensure that this file has the correct bootloader option byte content and upload it onto the device The bootloader automatically performs option byte programming option byte area programming detection according to the addresses in S19 file Note The address of the bootloader option byte may be diff
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