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Section II: Beta Attenuation Monitor (BAM)

1. Dew Point C BAM Rolling 72 hours 1 Inverse of BAM mass concentration ug m 1 4 7 1013161922 25 28 3134374043 4649 72 hour periods During both normal operation and zero tests a beta count is taken over the first few minutes of an hourly sample 10 and again at the end of the hourly sample 13 In most cases the tape is relatively dry during the initial beta count If there is a large amount of moisture moving through BAM Operator s SOP 2 37 2 Revision 4 January 1 2015 Page 52 of 52 the tape during a sample even if no condensation occurs as the smart heater is functioning correctly and keeping the filter relative humidity below 35 RH the tape may still undergo a slight change in size due to the additional moisture This change can result in a decrease in the final beta count which will be subsequently be reported as a larger mass concentration for that hour Again this is the case when the ambient air has high dew points relative to a tape that is initially dry For example if the ambient dew point reaches 18C at a station with an interior temperature near the bottom of the 20 to 30 C station temperature criteria 3 A calculation for dew point TD temperature of the dew point in degrees C f relative humidity in percent and T the ambient temperature in degrees C PAL Tp 5 1124 0 97 0 17 112
2. Existing 3 The next screen will display two optional Tabs Select the Data tab Under Data Options click Retrieve Current 4 Inthe next screen under Retrieve Files click Alr and under Data Range click New Al allows three files to be automatically downloaded settings alarms and data New allows all data since the last download to be downloaded 5 Click Retrieve to download all data since the last download The download status screen will display progress and indicate when download is complete 6 By default the data is automatically stored to the My Documents directory To change the data storage directory first create a new file directory under the Met One directory giving it a name such as BAM Downloads In the Comet main menu program click on File and then on Settings This opens the file settings dialog box In the dialog box either manually type in the desired directory such as C Program Files gt Met One gt BAM Downloads or use the Browse feature to locate the desired directory and click OR 7 When the download is complete Comet automatically saves the downloaded BAM Operator s SOP 2 37 2 Revision 4 January 1 2015 Page 32 of 52 files and assigns a unique file name to each file using the following convention Filename station name_file_YYmmdd_HHMMss Extension Where Station Name
3. STD column is where you will enter the correct values from your reference standard The lt CAL gt symbol will appear on the left next to the parameter selected for calibration The ambient temperature AT and pressure BP must be calibrated first as the BAM uses these to calculate the air flow rate in actual mode 2 If not already there position the lt CAL gt symbol next to AT using the NEXT hot key Measure the ambient temperature C with your reference standard positioned next to the BAM ambient temperature barometric pressure AT BP sensor housing refer to Appendix A of the QAP SOP for location Enter the value from your reference standard into the STD field using the arrow keys Press BAM Operator s SOP 2 37 2 Revision 4 January 1 2015 Page 29 of 52 the CAL hot key to correct the BAM reading The BAM and STD values should now be the same 3 Press the NEXT hot key to move the lt CAL gt indicator to the BP field and repeat the same steps for barometric pressure mmHg as was done for the AT The BAM and STD values should now be the same 4 After the temperature and pressure readings are correct remove the PMjo and PM2 heads from the inlet tube and install the FTS onto the inlet and connect the manometer Press the NEXT hot key to move the lt CAL gt indicator to the first flow point of 15 0 LPM The pump will turn on automatically Allow the unit to regulate the flow until the BAM reading stabilizes at the ta
4. or No Touch screen operation for items I through 13 above Items 1 3 can be viewed on the MAIN MENU screen To reset the date time touch SETTINGS at bottom of MAIN MENU screen Enter the password 1 2 3 4 touch SET CLOCK then change the date and or clock as needed Touch EXIT to return to MAIN MENU screen Items 4 6 can be viewed from the FLOW STATISTICS screen From the MAIN MENU screen touch OPERATE and then touch FLOW STATISTICS Touch EXIT two times to return to MAIN MENU Items 7 and 8 can be viewed from the FLOW STATISTICS screen From the MAIN MENU screen touch OPERATE and then touch FLOW STATISTICS Then touch MORE Touch EXIT three times to return to MAIN MENU BAM Operator s SOP 2 37 2 Revision 4 January 1 2015 Page 14 of 52 Items 9 10 and 11 can be viewed from the OPERATE screen From the MAIN MENU screen touch OPERATE Item 10 LAST M is called Last Span Measurement under the touch screen nomenclature While still in the OPERATE screen touch MORE at the bottom of the screen to view RH plus other parameters Touch EXIT two times to return to MAIN MENU screen ITEM 12 can be viewed from the OPERATE screen From the MAIN MENU screen touch OPERATE and then touch VIEW DATA on the right hand side of the OPERATE screen Touch EXIT two times to return to MAIN MENU screen Item 13 can be viewed from the OPERATE screen From the MAIN MENU screen touch OPERATE and then touch VIEW ALARMS on the right ha
5. Time Conc ug m3 Qtot m3 WS MPS WD DEG BP mm RH Delta C AT C E U M LL R N F P D C T 10 02 07 18 00 6 0 700 0 110 0 0 36 1 3 23 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 02 07 19 00 7 0 700 0 127 0 0 38 1 4 23 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 02 07 20 00 6 0 700 0 130 0 0 38 1 2 23 6 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 10 02 07 21 00 5 0 700 0 110 0 0 36 1 1 23 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 02 07 22 00 7 0 700 0 110 0 0 37 1 2 24 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Figure 6 Generic Example of Downloaded Data File The error bits are defined below E EXTERNAL RESET This error indicates that the system clock time was unable to reset when signaled by an external datalogger U TELEMETRY FAULT This error indicates that an external datalogger has sent an error to the BAM 1020 on the TELEM FAULT input indicating that it has encountered a problem Check the datalogger M MAINTENANCE This is a user set data flag which indicates that calibration or testing was performed during the flagged hour M flags cause the digital concentration to read full scale for that hour e 995 I INTERNAL CPU This indicates an error in the mass concentration calculation by the central processor Contact the ECB CO BAM Lead if these errors begin to occur frequently This may require factory repair L POWER FAIL This error occurs any time power is cycled or lost even momentarily Frequent L errors usually indicate poor quality AC power In some cases these errors can b
6. ECB perform an independent audit to verify the flow rates If the ECB audit result agrees that the flow rate is outside of the specification limits the BAM mass flow controller must be recalibrated Record all results on the e log 2 37 2 2 3 Flow Rate Audits Flow Audits are to be performed during the second month of each quarter Audits are to be performed by an individual other than the normal operator The FTS device as well as the manometer temperature barometric pressure readout devices used for the quarterly audit cannot be the ones used for the flow rate checks Except for the equipment used the procedure for performing the Independent Flow Audit is the same as described in Section 2 37 2 2 2 of this QA document under Flow Rate Check In BAM Operator s SOP 2 37 2 Revision 4 January 1 2015 Page 17 of 52 addition to checking the flow the operator must audit the ambient temperature ambient pressure and shelter temperature Record all results on the e log 2 37 2 2 4 Leak Checks As Found leak checks must be performed at least once every 30 days 5 days and whenever the filter tape is changed When the filter tape is changed a leak check must be performed immediately before AS FOUND and immediately after AS LEFT the change Because of the simple procedure for leak checks it is recommended that operators preform an AS FOUND and an AS LEFT leak check Almost all air leaks in the BAM system occur a
7. Qtot value to e log see Section 2 37 2 2 1 Perform Flow Leak check every 30 days 5 days see Sections 2 37 2 2 2 and 2 37 2 2 4 Flow rate acceptance criteria changed from 16 67 1 LPM to 16 67 0 67 LPM see Section 2 37 2 2 2 Data invalidation due to failed leak check see Section 2 37 2 2 4 Monthly data validation guidance see Section 2 37 2 3 5 and Table 1 and Annual background test procedure see Section 2 37 2 2 7 and Appendix D BAM Operator s SOP 2 37 2 Revision 4 January 1 2015 Page 6 of 52 2 37 2 BAM 1020 QAP SOP for Site Operators The following document describes the operation and all operator responsibilities for the Met One Instruments Beta Attenuation Monitor BAM 1020 used for the continuous measurement of ambient air concentrations of particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter equal to or less than 2 5 micrometers This revised QAP SOP rev 3 incorporates instructions on how to use the new optional touch screen display Option 970 if the monitor is so equipped This option allows the operator to accomplish all tasks as outlined in this QAP SOP by using the touch screen feature All touch screen how to operations are presented in italics 2 37 2 1 Description of the BAM 1020 The BAM 1020 automatically measures and records airborne particulate matter PM concentration levels in ug m at local conditions of temperature and atmospheric pressure using the principle of beta ray attenuatio
8. annually cannot be the device used for audits 3 Thermometer NIST traceable certified annually cannot be the device used for audits and BAM Operator s SOP 2 37 2 Revision 4 January 1 2015 Page 28 of 52 4 U Tube Manometer water or oil filled primary standard C BAM Ambient Temperature Sensor Refer to Section 2 37 2 2 8 Part F Items 1 and 2 D BAM Ambient Barometric Pressure Sensor Refer to Section 2 37 2 2 8 Part F Items 1 and 3 E BAM Shelter Temperature Sensor Refer to Section 2 37 2 2 8 Part G F MFC Sample Flow Rate Calibration Note The BAM ambient temperature and barometric pressure sensors must be calibrated before the flow rate calibration because the BAM uses these parameters internally to calculate the actual flow displayed by the BAM Also the nozzle and vane must be cleaned refer to Section 2 37 2 2 5 and a leak check performed refer to Section 2 37 2 2 4 In performing the calibrations refer to the Figure below and enter all appropriate information on the elog Calibration sheet NT FLOW CALIBRATION TARGET BAM AT DS 8 BP 760 lt CAL gt M 15 15 0 ETONE mF 13 3 PLON 33 116 16 7 CAL NEXT DEFAULT Actual Flow Calibration Screen 1 Enter the TEST gt FLOW menu as shown above The nozzle will lower automatically when this screen is entered The BAM column is what the BAM 1020 measures for each parameter and the
9. are in place and reassemble the PM 10 inlet head and the VSCC and reinstall them on the sample down tube Document the cleaning in the e log Shelter Temperature Control Check the operation of the heating cooling units of the BAM shelter and the exhaust fan once every 30 days Make sure that the exhaust vent filter is clean allowing free flow of air The shelter temperature must be kept between 28 and 32 degrees Celsius and not vary more than 2 degrees over any one hour sampling period Nozzle Vane Cleaning Clean the nozzle and vane at least once every 30 days at time of leak check when the filter tape is changed Refer to section 2 37 2 2 6 or more frequently if needed Document the cleaning in the e log Capstan and Pinch Roller Cleaning Clean the Capstan Shaft and Pinch Roller every 30 days and at time of filter tape change out Refer to Sections 2 37 2 2 5 and 2 37 2 2 6 Document the cleaning in the e log Filter Tape Inspect filter tape looking for sample spots with sharp distinct edges and the absence of puncture holes Document the a tape change in the e log BAM Operator s SOP 2 37 2 Revision 4 January 1 2015 Page 41 of 52 Appendix A Diagram of BAM 1020 System BAM Operator s SOP 2 37 2 Revision 4 January 1 2015 Page 42 of 52 BX 802 PMi10 Head BX 808 BGI VSCC PM2 5 Cyclone BX 596 AT BP Sensor or BX 592 Inlet Tube 27 Inlet 8119 Seal BX 827 or 830 Smart Heate
10. code by typing the null code in the spread sheet cell s on the monthly AQS summary report Use the same procedure for any missing valid data by typing in the correct value obtained from the downloaded data In some cases valid data that are judged to be out of the ordinary are retained and an informational flag is added in AQS by the CO An example would be high concentration values resulting from a wild fire and identified as an exceptional event EPA has recently begun applying stricter standards for what it will accept as an exceptional event In any case where the RO wishes data to be considered exceptional the RO should gather sufficient documentation to support the claim in accordance with a policy memorandum from the CO dated June 29 2007 Possible likely exceptional events experienced in North Carolina along with the informational AQS qualifier code include structural fires IP prescribed burns IM wild fires IT and fireworks IH Unusually high concentration values that may be the result of an exceptional event must be noted as such on the AQS monthly data summary reports but not deleted Any exceptional event data will be flagged in AQS by the CO using the appropriate qualifier code Table 1 Commonly Used Null Codes partial list BAM Operator s SOP 2 37 2 Revision 4 January 1 2015 Page 39 of 52 Null Description Code Sample Flow Rate Outside of Control Limits AH 16 7 LPM 0 067 LPM Qtot Outside of Con
11. invalidated Leak Check with Filter Tape Removed and Using Rubber Nozzle Seal The filter tape is removed and the rubber seal inserted with the hole centered under the nozzle The seal allows the leak check to be performed as usual from the VSCC through the entire system but without any leakage through the filter tape The leak value should drop to 0 2 LPM or less with this method A leak can be further isolated by using the part of the seal without the hole This allows a leak test to be performed only on the system below the filter tape junction If the nozzle and vane are thoroughly clean but a leak persists inspect replace the O rings in the VSCC and perform the test again If the leak still persists contact the ECB The leak test using the rubber seal is performed as follows 1 From the Main Menu press the lt TEST gt soft key to enter the TEST MODE screen 2 Using the red lt ARROW gt keys scroll to PUMP and press the lt SELECT gt key 3 If the pump is running press the lt PUMP OFF gt key If the nozzle is in the down position press the lt MOVE NOZZLE gt key to move it to the up position 4 Lift the pinch roller See Figure 5 until the latch automatically locks it in the up position Carefully slide the filter tape out of position This may require unwinding a very small amount of filter tape from the roll to provide some slack in the tape without causing damage to the tape 5 Insert the provided
12. rubber nozzle seal part 7440 with a 4 hole and center it under the nozzle Make sure the surfaces of the rubber seal are clean and dust free Cleaning can be accomplished by using water and a lint free wipe 6 Remove the PMio head only from the inlet tube Install a BX 305 or BX 302 leak test valve or equivalent valve for auditing FRM samplers onto the cyclone inlet and turn the valve to the OFF position to prevent any air from entering the inlet tube 7 Press the lt MOVE NOZZLE gt key to lower the nozzle and press the lt PUMP ON gt key to start the pump 8 Observe the flow reading on the screen which should be dropping toward zero After 2 3 minutes or when the reading has become stable record the value A 10 11 12 13 14 15 BAM Operator s SOP 2 37 2 Revision 4 January 1 2015 Page 19 of 52 value of 0 2 LPM or less indicates an acceptable leak test If the leak test fails this may mean that the nozzle and vain are dirty and must be cleaned Refer to Section 2 37 2 2 5 for the proper cleaning procedure After completion of the cleaning procedure repeat the leak test making sure that all rubber O rings cyclone leak check device are in place and are not damaged If the leak test fails again contact the ECB and the regional chemist Upon completion of the leak test press the lt PUMP OFF gt key release the vacuum and remove leak test device and replace the PMio head Press t
13. to have several spare rolls of tape available to avoid data interruptions It is the responsibility of the site operator to have at least one spare roll on hand The tape should be changed when it approaches the end of the roll based on visual inspection during each site visit by the site operator Additional rolls of filter tape can be obtained by contacting the ECB or the Central Office The used rolls of tape will be saved for potential post sampling analysis At the time of removal the operator will write the date time directly on the filter tape after the last sampled spot Place the tape in the plastic container bag and the box record the site name date and time on the filter box and return it the Projects and Procedures Branch in the Central Office for archiving The used filter tape should never be flipped over or re used This will result in measurement problems Loading a roll of filter tape is a simple matter using the following steps and referring to Figure 5 below BAM Operator s SOP 2 37 2 Revision 4 January 1 2015 Page 23 of 52 From the MAIN MENU screen press the lt TAPE gt soft key to enter the TAPE menu Note This is not the same as the TEST gt TAPE menu If the nozzle is not in the UP position press the lt TENSION gt soft key to raise the nozzle or with your fingers manually lift and hold up Lift the rubber pinch roller assembly and latch it in the UP position see Numbers 5 and 7 in Figure 5 Unscr
14. touch LEAK CHECK and then touch MOVE NOZZLE if down it will move up Exit two times to the MAIN screen touch OPERATE then touch LOAD TAPE on right side of screen and then touch FORWARD move tape to a clean spot Touch EXIT two times From the MAIN MENU touch TEST touch LEAK TEST and then touch MOVE NOZZLE if up it will move down Touch PUMP ON if off it will turn on Perform leak check then touch PUMP Off 4 Resolve the leak and perform the check again A properly functioning BAM with a clean nozzle and vane will usually have a leak value of less than 0 5 LPM which can be achieved in about one minute The acceptance criteria for the DAQ is currently set at a flow of 0 75 LPM or less BAM Operator s SOP 2 37 2 Revision 4 January 1 2015 Page 18 of 52 5 Turn the pump off remove the leak test valve and re install the inlet PMio head If a flow rate greater than 0 75 LPM is observed leaks can be further isolated using a soft rubber seal supplied with the monitor with a 14 hole in it such as Met One Part No 7440 Refer to the discussion below which details Leak Check with Filter Tape Removed and Using Rubber Nozzle Seal 6 If the leak check passes EXIT to the MAIN menu and the BAM will start sampling at the top of the next hour Note touch screen models might not start sampling until the top of the hour following 7 Ifthe As Found leak check fails all data back to the last good leak check must be
15. 4 Use the following steps to clean the parts Remember to Down the channel before any maintenance activities are performed 1 2 3 From the Main Menu press the lt TEST gt soft key to enter the TEST MODE screen Using the red lt ARROW gt keys scroll to PUMP and press the lt SELECT gt key If the pump is running press the lt PUMP OFF gt key If the nozzle is in the down position raise the nozzle by pressing the lt MOVE NOZZLE gt key Lift the pinch roller until the latch clicks to hold it in the up locked position Carefully remove the filter tape if installed from the nozzle area It is not necessary to completely remove the tape from the unit oO 10 11 12 13 BAM Operator s SOP 2 37 2 Revision 4 January 1 2015 Page 20 of 52 From the MAIN MENU screen touch TEST touch LEAK CHECK and then touch MOVE NOZZLE to move it to the up position With the nozzle up use a small flashlight to inspect the cross hair vane Clean the vane with a cotton tipped applicator and isopropyl alcohol Hardened deposits may have to be carefully scraped off with the wooden end of the applicator or a dental pick or similar tool Lower the nozzle in the TEST PUMP menu by pressing the lt MOVE NOZZLE gt key Manually lift the nozzle with your finger and insert another clean cotton swab with alcohol between the nozzle lip and the vane Carefully release the nozzle letting the nozzle press down onto t
16. BAM Operator s SOP 2 37 2 Revision 4 January 1 2015 Page 1 of 52 Section II Site Operator s Responsibilities for the Operation of the Met One Instruments Beta Attenuation Monitor BAM 1020 and BAM 1020 with Touch Screen Option Quality Assurance Plan Standard Operating Procedure QAP SOP Met One Instruments BAM Operator s SOP 2 37 2 Revision 4 January 1 2015 Page 2 of 52 BAM 1020 Continuous Ambient Particulate Matter PM2 5 Monitor BAM Operator s SOP 2 37 2 Revision 4 January 1 2015 Approval Sign Off Sheet Page 3 of 52 I certify that I have read and approve of the contents of this revision of the Met One BAM 1020 Operator s QAP SOP with an effective date of January 1 2015 Central Office Lead Corey Mocka Environmental Chemist Signature Date Regional Lead Rik Tebeau Environmental Chemist Signature Date Regional Lead Tony Sabetti Environmental Chemist Date Signature Projects and Procedures Branch Supervisor Joette Steger Signature Date Electronics and Calibrations Branch Supervisor Justin Davis Signature Date Ambient Monitoring Section Chief Donnie Redmond Signature Date BAM Operator s SOP 2 37 2 Revision 4 January 1 2015 Page 4 of 52 Table of Contents 231 2 BAM 1020 QAP SOP for Site Operators 2 37 2 1 Description of BAM 1020 2 37 2 2 Site Operator Responsibilities 2 37 2 2 1 Site
17. Millbrook or Bryson City or named during set up File either data alarm or settings YY year file was retrieved mm month file was retrieved dd day file was retrieved HH Hour file was retrieved MM Minute file was retrieved ss second file was retrieved and Extension txt for alarm and settings files and csv for the data file 8 Go to the My Documents or BAM Downloads directory and open the files to make sure they were successfully saved Review the data for any anomalies see Section 2 37 2 3 5 9 Copy the files to the P drive at the end of each month and notify the CO that they are available for download review by the PPB and for archiving at the CO Data may also be downloaded directly to a USB Flash Drive Insert a USB flash drive into the USB port located on the top of the display module door when open From the MAIN MENU screen touch OPERATE and then touch COPY DATA In the files window touch if necessary to display Standard The Standard file data set includes the data log error log and settings file only Then touch the Period windows and select the time period going backwards from the present date for which data is needed To go back one month select 1 and Months When ready touch COPY and observe the status screen to know when the transfer is complete 2 37 2 3 3 Description of Download File Information The thre
18. OOL COVER WITH KNOB 9 SUPPLY SPOOL 3 EMPTY CORE TUBE 10 SUPPLY TENSION ROLLER 4 TAKE UP SPOOL 11 RIGHT END ROLLER 5 PINCH ROLLERS 12 SAMPLING MEASURING AREA 6 CAPSTAN SHAFT 13 LEFT END ROLLER 7 LATCH 14 TAKE UP TENSION ROLLER Figure5 Filter Tape Loading Diagram While still in the TAPE menu press the lt SELF TEST gt soft key The BAM 1020 has a built in self test function which automatically tests most of the tape control and flow systems of the unit The self test can also be used if the operator suspects a problem with the unit The tests will take a couple of minutes and the BAM 1020 will display the results of each tested item with an OK or a FAIL tag see Figure 2 If all of the test items are OK the status will show SELF TEST PASSED as shown in the drawing below If any item fails the status will show ERROR OCCURRED If an error or Failed status occurs address the item identified and perform the SELF TEST again If the problem cannot be resolved BAM Operator s SOP 2 37 2 Revision 4 January 1 2015 Page 25 of 52 call the ECB or the Central Office 10 Press the lt EXIT gt soft key to return to the main menu The BAM will automatically begin normal sampling operations at the top of the next hour Record activities on the e log From the MAIN MENU screen touch OPERATE and then touch LOAD TAPE After the tape is properly loaded touch the TENSION button at the bottom of the screen EXIT back t
19. QS Once per month for Pit BOIS Be Summary Reports preceding month 12 Perform Background Test At least annually in 2 37 2 2 7 and early Spring and at site Appendix D installation 13 Perform Calibrations Once in the first 2 37 2 2 8 quarter and subsequently as needed BAM Operator s SOP 2 37 2 Revision 4 January 1 2015 Page 45 of 52 Appendix C Sample BAM E Log BAM Operator s SOP 2 37 2 Revision 4 January 1 2015 Page 46 of 52 Site Datef mmitddtyy Local Time hh mm ss Operator J Initials BAM Serial Number LastZeroTest SC Cyclone Serial Number LastCalibration ss PM 10 Inlet Head Serial Number Primary Datalogger Serial Number Data Logger Time Flow Rate LPM Average Flow Rate LPM Flow CY Ambient Temperature degrees C Ambient Pressure mmHg Last C conc ugim3 Last M Calib Value mgfcm2 BAM RH rel Humidity Otot m3 Shelter Temp degrees C Shelter ACtHeater Working Data Downloaded to PC Very Sharp Cut 2 5 Cyclone Cleaned PI 10 Inlet Cleaned Filter Tape Replaced Smart Heater Warm to the Touch Error Message Nozzle ane Pinch Rollers Cleaned Self Test Passed Exceptional Event Observed BAM Operator s SOP 2 37 2 Revision 4 January 1 2015 Page 47 of 52 Check Appropriate Box es I Leak Check Flow Check I Flow Audit Site site code Date mmiddiyy Time hh mm ss Operator initials BAM Serial Number
20. Revision 4 January 1 2015 Page 13 of 52 11 Last C last concentration ug m3 12 Last M last hour s calibration value 4 of specific factory determined ABS value assigned to each instrument 1 e 0 823 mg cm2 for Millbrook 13 RH relative humidity of air stream below filter should be nominally 35 or less Press lt Exit gt once to reach Operational Mode screen and press lt Inst gt soft key and record 14 Qtot total volume sampled in m for the last hour and must be 0 700 0 028 or said differently in the range of 0 672 to 0 728 Qtot is 16 67 LPM x 42 minutes 1000 Press lt Exit gt to return to the Main Menu screen Press the lt F3 gt kKey to view the errors log and record 15 Errors In the notes section of the e log record any error message since the last site visit The date time of an error message will be helpful in applying a Null Code s during the AQS monthly data summary review Press lt exit gt to return to Main Menu 14 Shelter T C this is the interior temperature of the outdoor shelter and should not vary by more than 2 C over the duration of each 1 hour sampling period Should be maintained in the range of 28 32 C value obtained from airvision site computer 15 Smart Heater At least warm to the touch Yes or No 16 Shelter Temperature Control Heater AC working Yes or No and 17 Filter Tape Filter Tape Changed Yes
21. START on the bottom left of the screen BAM Operator s SOP 2 37 2 Revision 4 January 1 2015 Page 21 of 52 14 Press the lt EXIT gt soft key to return to the Main Menu The BAM will begin normal operation at the top of the next hour Figure 3 Nozzle Cleaning Figure 4 below shows the difference between good and bad filter tape spots The tape on the left is from a properly operated BAM 1020 with a clean nozzle and vane Notice the particulate spots have very crisp edges are perfectly round and are evenly distributed The tape on the right is from a unit that has not been properly maintained A spot of debris has built up on the vane and is punching a pin hole at the edge of each spot These BAM Operator s SOP 2 37 2 Revision 4 January 1 2015 Page 22 of 52 holes can allow beta particles to get through un attenuated and negatively affect accuracy even if the nozzle is not leaking The spots also show a halo effect due to air leaking in around the edge due to debris that has built up to the extent that the nozzle no longer seals correctly These faults are easily corrected and prevented by keeping the nozzle and vane clean Document activities on the e log Figure 4 BAM 1020 Hourly Filter Tape Spots 2 37 2 2 6 Filter Tape Installation A roll of filter tape must be loaded into the BAM 1020 for sampling One roll of tape should last approximately two 2 months under normal operation It is important
22. Temperature thermocouple with the NIST thermometer 5 To apply the changes scroll to FINISHED and click enter 6 Repeat steps 1 5 as needed to modify the thermocouple reading 2 37 2 3 Site Documentation and Data Handing All BAM site visits maintenance calibrations checks leak checks and audit tasks must be documented completely and accurately to reflect the BAM QA QC requirements thus providing legally defensible data All electronic files generated during BAM particulate sampling serve as quality control and quality assurance records that are required to validate and support the quality of the data collected Applying the use of electronic operational files eliminates the need for paper or hardcopy files Electronic files are transferred between PC s using the Internet or a data storage device of choice Hardcopy files originating from these electronic files can be created to supplement the file management tasks There are several topics that need to be addressed to insure the files are original and uncorrupted The following guidelines serve as a method to create and store these files Any problems malfunctions or abnormalities in BAM operations that cannot be corrected by the operator must be reported to the regional chemist the CO BAM lead and the ECB 2 37 2 3 1 Downloading Raw Data Data must be downloaded at least once every 14 days The PC or lap top that is used to download data must have the Met One Comet software load
23. Visits 2 37 2 2 2 Flow Rate Check 2 37 2 2 3 Flow Rate Audits 2 37 2 2 4 Leak Checks 2 37 2 2 5 Nozzle and Vane Cleaning 2 37 2 2 6 Filter Tape Installation 2 37 2 2 7 Zero Background Test 2 37 2 2 8 BAM Calibration 2 37 2 3 Site Documentation and Data Handling 2 37 2 3 1 Downloading Raw Data 2 37 2 3 2 Set up 2 37 2 3 3 Description of Downloaded File Information 2 37 2 3 4 File Management 2 37 2 3 5 BAM Monthly Data Validation 2 37 2 4 BAM Preventive Maintenance 2 37 2 4 1 Inlet Cleaning 2 37 2 4 2 Shelter Temperature Control 2 37 2 4 3 Nozzle and Vane Cleaning 2 37 2 4 4 Capstan and Pinch Roller Cleaning 2 37 2 4 5 Filter Tape Appendix A Diagram of BAM 1020 System Appendix B Summary of Scheduled Activities Appendix C Sample BAM E Log Appendix D EPA Memo Regarding Zero Tests on the Met One BAM 1020 BAM Operator s SOP 2 37 2 Revision 4 January 1 2015 Page 5 of 52 Note The following is a list of significant changes from Revision 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 The BAM shelter temperate range was updated to be maintained at 28 to 32 C Removed the requirement to feed the tape forward prior to performing a leak check for all events except calibrations Moved the Zero Background Test procedure from Appendix D to Section 2 37 2 2 7 Moved the maintenance and flow check to be completed prior to setting up the BAM for the background test Added a requirement to include the Shelter Temperature in calibrati
24. a download files by typing in the space provided the BAM downloaded 1 hour values above the two highest AQS values for each day Values that do not agree within 1 ug m must be identified in the notes section at the bottom of the AQS BAM25 data summary page Five or more observed differences outside of this range in any given month and or subsequent months may require the analog output of the monitor to be recalibrated In this case contact the ECB Alternatively select a 24 hour period at the beginning of the month the middle of the month and the end of the month and compare the two highest hourly values to the corresponding values from the download as discussed above The BAM downloaded data will be used to supplement the AQS monthly data summary report in those cases when the AQS polled summary report has missing data Each RO has the responsibility of inserting any missing data into the monthly summary report Data for BAM25 can be easily retrieved from the downloaded data file see section 2 37 2 3 1 The AQS monthly concentration data summary report contains BAM data that has been retrieved from the primary data logger by the CO using E DAS software This report is reviewed by the site operator and the regional chemist for accuracy to insure that the AQS database contains no inaccurate data The BAM data download files data and error files also contain information that can serve as justification for data invalidation These files provid
25. a number of monitoring agencies have shared their Met One BAM zero test data with me IN MD NC NH Albuquerque NM BAAQMD Cherokee Hamilton County OH have been reviewing these data and have identified a relationship between ambient dew point and the zero test results of the Met One BAM at most but not all sites The relationship is such that when dew point goes down as we expect coming off the summer into fall at least in the East and Mid West the BAM zero test data goes up The magnitude of the BAM 1020 zero response is somewhat variable however data indicate that a5 to 10 C drop in dew point corresponds to a 1 to 3 g m increase in the mass concentration While we still learning the specifics of how this is happening this issue can potentially be explained due to the changes in moisture affecting the tape during zero tests which would also affect the tape during normal operation We are evaluating this issue and are also working with Met One on possible ways to use the information we have to improve use of the zero tests While we intend to investigate this further we are sending this note to Met One BAM users now since many areas of the country are in the middle of a seasonal change in dew point and our recommendations may be of use to a number of those monitoring agencies Recommendations 1 Perform Zero test For those locations with seasonal changes in ambient dew point and especially for those locations impacted by high
26. arp or the filter tape displays puncture holes the nozzle vane requires cleaning If necessary unwind a portion of the used filter tape left side roll to determine date time that such conditions began and document on the elog Either condition would be indicative of poor sample collection and possibly a failing leak check The affected data should be identified as a note in the AQS monthly data summary and either flagged in AQS by the CO or voided with a Null Code Consult the CO BAM lead in this circumstance BAM Operator s SOP 2 37 2 Revision 4 January 1 2015 Page 12 of 52 Selected BAM operational parameters read from the instrument screen are to be recorded on the BAM e log Site_ Visit form See Appendix C This form is the record of the operating conditions observed at the time of the site visit and serves as the quality assurance documentation of the site operations The items to be entered on the form are read from the available BAM menu screens The As Found values are to be entered before any tasks or maintenance is done on the BAM Once the As Found values are recorded on the form the operator can download the data stored on the BAM unit to a PC or laptop and or complete other scheduled unscheduled tasks OPERATIONAL PARAMETERS TO BE RECORDED ON THE E LOG Notes All of the key strokes that are discussed below can be performed without interrupting the operation of the instrument See the end of thi
27. ble This test is performed at least once per year initially at set up and subsequently in the Spring of each year March April May 2 The test should run for at least 72 hours 3 days Pick any days you like for scheduling purposes Since 72 good data points are required nominally 80 90 would provide a safe margin Inform the CO when the test begins and ends 3 Clean the nozzle vane and pinch rollers as usual perform a flow and leak check as usual to make sure everything is operating properly before starting 4 It is preferred that a calibration or at minimum a flow check is completed prior to the start of a zero background test 5 From the main menu of the monitor go to lt Setup gt then go to lt Calibrate gt menu and see current lt BKGD gt setting Record this value on the spread sheet template 6 7 8 9 BAM Operator s SOP 2 37 2 Revision 4 January 1 2015 Page 26 of 52 or just remember and enter later This value can be either a positive number or a negative number Note Extra care must be exercised when maneuvering within the set up Menu so as not to accidently change any set up parameters If a pass word is needed press F1 F2 F3 F4 Change the BKGD value to 0 0000 and push the save button Double check your entry by exiting back to the main menu and then go to lt Setup gt and then lt Calibrate gt and see if the BKGD value is 0 0000 Exit back to the main menu With the PM10 head and cyclone remo
28. e F keys are only functional from the main menu screen or for entering passwords The factory default password is F1 F2 F3 F4 Fl Current This key is a shortcut to the OPERATE gt INST screen used to display the instantaneous data values that are being measured by the BAM 1020 The F1 key can be used without interrupting a sample cycle F2 Average This key is a shortcut to the OPERATE gt AVERAGE screen used to display the latest average of the data recorded by the BAM 1020 The F2 key can be used without interrupting a sample cycle F3 Error Recall This key allows the user to view the errors logged by the BAM 1020 The errors are sorted by date The last 12 days which contain error records are available and up to the last 100 errors can be viewed The F3 key can be used without interrupting a sample cycle F4 Data Recall This key allows the user to view the data stored in the BAM 1020 including concentrations flow and all six external channels The data is sorted by date and the user can scroll through the data hour by hour using the soft keys Only the last 12 days which contain data records are available in this menu The F4 key can be used without interrupting a sample cycle F5 Transfer Module This key is used to copy the memory contents to an optional transfer storage module to retrieve the digital data without a computer This function is rarely used Met One recommends downloading the data with a laptop computer or mode
29. e a time base for verifying when the BAM was on or off line due to QC checks maintenance and or operational error flags Other parameters to consider when reviewing the BAM downloaded data include 1 Qtot must be 0 7 m 0 028 The Qtot is particularly important in data validation see Section 2 37 2 2 2 3 RH should be nominally lt 35 Occasionally values above 35 may be observed but values that are consistently above 35 would warrant a calibration of the RH sensor and 4 Shelter Temperature should not vary more than 2 C over any given hour sampling period and must be values must be between 28 32 C If the shelter temperature parameters do not meet 4 BAM Operator s SOP 2 37 2 Revision 4 January 1 2015 Page 38 of 52 the specifications the particulate matter reading for that hour must be flagged with a 6 These values are recorded through Airvision and are not part of the download The AQS monthly data summary report lists the BAM one hour concentrations for each day of the month The BAM downloaded files will list the 1 hour average concentration values along with a listing of any error codes These parameters are used to edit the AQS monthly data summary report and to verify that the data is correct Data corrections or invalidation s are edited by the RO on the AQS monthly summary report If data in one or more spread sheet cells is invalid replace it with the proper null
30. e drift is found to be outside of specifications the BAM flags the data that was generated for that hour The small 4C element is a sealed source with a sufficiently low activity as to be below the Federal Exempt Concentration Limit and poses no health hazard The source has a very long half life 5000 years and should never need replacing However under no circumstances should anyone but factory technicians attempt to remove or access the beta source The sample inlet system is equipped with a PM10 head which is used to separate out PM that is equal to or larger than 10 micrometers in diameter and a PM2 5 very sharp cut cyclone VSCC which is used to further separate out PM larger than 2 5 micrometers in diameter The BAM 1020 received the designation as a Federal Equivalent Method FEM for measuring PM2 5 in the ambient air from the EPA on March 12 2008 To maintain this status the instrument must be operated as detailed in the instruction manual and as outlined in the procedures provided in this QAP SOP The Main Menu and keyboard non touch screen are shown in Figure 1 below followed by a description of the keyboard functions BAM Operator s SOP 2 37 2 Revision 4 January 1 2015 Page 8 of 52 3 28 2007 BAM 1020 16 0829 LAST CONCENTRATION 0 028 mg m3 CURRENT FLOW Te T GPM 320602 Ba2 4 Figure 1 The BAM 1020 Main Menu and Keyboard non touch screen Soft Keys Directly beneath the display are fo
31. e files that are automatically downloaded are described below 1 Data csv file This file contains all of the data records since the last download and resets the memory pointers The data array is comma delimited and can be opened as an EXCEL spread sheet The data includes date time stamp concentration for the last hour concentration Conc ug m rounded to a whole number flow volume for last hour Qtot m followed by six individual met sensor channels The labels functions for these channels BAM Operator s SOP 2 37 2 Revision 4 January 1 2015 Page 33 of 52 are user defined and can vary but will always appear in the data array regardless if used or not In the example given below the six channels start with WS and end with AT For our purpose these six channels have been renamed reconfigured as follows Channel Old Name New Name Parameter Measured 1 WS MPS BP MMH Barometric Pressure mmHg 2 WD DEG Not Used Nothing 3 BP mm Not Used Nothing 4 RH RH Relative Humidity of sample stream 5 Delta C Delta C Filter temp minus ambient temp C 6 ATCC ATCC Ambient Temperature At the end of the array are twelve error bits E T each representing a different possible error A 0 indicates no error of that type and a 1 indicates an error In this example at 20 00 the M and T bits are high 1 indicating that the unit was taken out of operation and that the tape has run out
32. e generated by electrical interference such as large radio antennas or motors causing an internal reset in the BAM 1020 This error BAM Operator s SOP 2 37 2 Revision 4 January 1 2015 Page 34 of 52 also causes the digital concentration value to go full scale REFERENCE MEMBRANE This error indicates that the reference membrane assembly is not physically extending and retracting properly during the hourly automatic span check NOZZLE STUCK TIMEOUT or Delta T exceeded This error indicates that the nozzle motor is not operating NOTE The nozzle motor lifts the nozzle but the nozzle is lowered only by its spring So it is possible for the nozzle to become stuck in the UP position without generating an error Proper maintenance and inlet alignment prevents this The N error is also used to indicate that the Delta Temperature set point was exceeded This occurs if the sample air temperature measured below the filter tape is hotter than the ambient air by at least one degree above the set point value This is due to the normal heating of the sample air by the smart heater In this case the error is used to simply flag the data Frequent errors may indicate that the set point is set too low In most applications Delta T control is disabled entirely as is the case here FLOW ERROR This error occurs if the average air flow over the sample period was out of the limits set by the FRI low limit and FRh high limit values The error wi
33. e is maintained between 28 32 C and that hourly variance does not vary by more than 2 C over any one hour period Note it is suggested that a NIST reference thermometer be kept in the BAM shelter at all times in order to immediately record the shelter temperature as soon as the shelter is first opened 8 Site Documentation Download BAM data on site minimum of every 14 days site visits store data and elogs monthly to the P drive See Section 2 37 2 3 9 BAM Preventative Maintenance see Section 2 37 2 4 a Clean the down tube once a year preferably in conjunction with the annual calibration b Clean cut point inlets at least once every 30 days c Inspect replace O rings associated with cut point inlets d Inspect filter tape during each visit checking for holes in the used portion of the tape as well as the sharpness of the collected PM spots BAM Operator s SOP 2 37 2 Revision 4 January 1 2015 Page 11 of 52 e Clean the capstan and pinch rollers as needed but at least once every 30 days f Clean the nozzle and vane as needed but at least once every 30 days g Inspect shelter heating cooling system to ensure enclosure temperature does not vary by more than 2 C over any one hour period adjust the shelter thermostat as needed to maintain the shelter temperature in the nominal range of 28 32 C and inspect clean A C exhaust fans filter and h Ensure that the Smart Heater is operational by q
34. e of 16 7 liters per minute high flow and be within the FTS certification window 3 From the main screen press the lt TEST gt soft key on the keypad to enter the TEST MODE screen This terminates the current sampling sequence Using the red lt Arrow gt keys move the high lighter to FLOW and press lt SELECT gt The nozzle should be in the down position with the pump running BAM Operator s SOP 2 37 2 Revision 4 January 1 2015 Page 15 of 52 From the MAIN screen touch TEST and then touch FLOW CHECK Then touch 16 7 lpm Flow Rate Do not touch the CALIBRATE button as this is only a flow check 4 Using the lt NEXT gt soft key move the high lighter so that it is positioned at FLOW 3 16 7 The value under the column header BAM is the current reading Record the current BAM flow reading on the e log 5 Take a reading from the U Tube water or oil manometer and record the value as manometer A P on the Flow_Leak page of the e log 6 Using hand held or other independent NIST traceable devices that are within the certification window measure the ambient temperature and barometric pressure and record these values 7 Remove the FTS and reinstall the PM 10 inlet 8 Press the EXIT soft key to return to the previous menu 2 Using a calculator and the formula furnished with each flow transfer standard calculate the actual flow rate Care must be taken to use the slope and intercept values provided with the de
35. e reported immediately to the regional chemist the Electronics and Calibration Branch ECB and the Central Office CO BAM lead All site documentation and downloaded data files are to be maintained at the Regional Office RO for review and storage and placed on the P drive at least monthly The following is a list of the tasks task frequency and responsibilities for all BAM site operators Each topic is discussed in detail in subsequent sections of this document See Appendix B for Summary Table 1 Site visits and quality assurance checks for the BAM Conducted at a minimum of once every 14 days See Section 2 37 2 2 1 2 Flow rate checks Performed at least once every 30 days See Section 2 37 2 2 2 3 Flow Rate Audits Performed once per quarter during the second month of each quarter See Section 2 37 2 2 3 4 Leak checks Performed at least once every 30 days in conjunction with the flow check and or filter tape change See Section 2 37 2 2 4 5 Nozzle and Vane Cleaning Performed as needed but at least once every 30 days in conjunction with the flow check and or filter tape change See Section 2 37 2 2 5 6 Filter Tape Installation Replace the sample filter tape when needed If operating properly each roll of filter tape should last for approximately two 2 months See Section 2 37 2 2 6 7 Shelter Temperature BAM Shelter Temperature must be reviewed along with the PM2 5 concentration to ensure that the temperatur
36. ed on the hard drive to BAM Operator s SOP 2 37 2 Revision 4 January 1 2015 Page 31 of 52 communicate with the BAM unit This software is available from the ECB Upon installation the Met One software will create a Met One directory The Met One Comet software files are copied from the Master disk to the Met One directory on the C drive For more detailed instructions on how to operate the Comet software please refer to the Comet User s Manual 2 37 2 3 2 Set Up The Met One program must be setup to match the BAM RS232 parameters The BAM 1020 data can be easily downloaded through the serial port using the Comet program Important Note The BAM 1020 display must be on the Main Menu in order to establish communications 1 Connect the RS 232 port on the back of the BAM to your computer or laptop using the appropriate supplied cable Connect to the Com serial port 2 Open the Comet program Start gt Programs gt Met One gt Comet The program will ask New Station or Existing For a new station click Create and then under Manual Set Up click Set Up Under Station Name enter a name such as Millbrook or Mil Under Product select BAM 1020 Under Port select COM 1 Under Baud select 9600 Under Phone Number leave blank Click OR Note After a New Station has been set up subsequent data downloading is performed by clicking on
37. egins counting beta particles for exactly 8 minutes At the end of minute 08 the BAM stops counting the clean spot and advances the tape exactly four windows forward positioning that same spot under the sampling nozzle The nozzle is lowered into position the pump turns on and the sample is collected for exactly 42 minutes at a design flow rate of 16 67 LPM At the end of minute 50 the pump stops the nozzle is raised and the tape moves backwards exactly four windows The spot that was just loaded with PM is now positioned between the beta source and the detector The BAM Operator s SOP 2 37 2 Revision 4 January 1 2015 Page 7 of 52 BAM begins counting beta particles for exactly 8 minutes At the end of minute 58 the BAM stops counting and calculates the PM concentration At the end of minute 60 the BAM records the concentration to memory provides a corresponding analog output signal to the data logger and advances the filter tape to a fresh spot and the cycle begins over at minute 00 During each 42 minute sampling period the BAM automatically performs quality control checks of system performance A span check is performed by automatically inserting a calibrated membrane between the source and the detector The response is compared to the factory determined value The BAM also checks for instrument drift caused by varying external parameters such as temperature barometric pressure and relative humidity If either the calibration or th
38. ence Ambient temperature sensor 2 C Ambient barometric pressure sensor 10 mmHg BAM shelter temperature sensor 2 C Mass Flow Controller MFC 0 67 LPM Relative Humidity RH sensor Historical readings of nominally 35 or less A Calibration Frequency Calibrate all monitor components listed above at least once per calendar year during the first quarter of the year Additional calibration of one or more components will be required if a component is found to be outside of the acceptance limits at the time of the required monthly check A calibration is required if any of the following occur e Upon initial monitor setup After a monitor is replaced After a monitor is moved no matter the degree of movement If the pump is replaced If a flow check or flow audit is not within specifications If the sampler is without power for longer than 48 hours and the flow verification fails Also the operator may calibrate one or more components at any time if he she perceives there to be a related monitor issue An example of the latter would occur when a particular component is observed to be within acceptance limits but is nearing either the upper or lower limit A proactive calibration could prevent the invalidation of data B Equipment Instrumentation Required for Calibration 1 Flow Transfer Standard FTS NIST traceable certified annually cannot be the FTS used for audits 2 Barometric Pressure Readout NIST traceable certified
39. er the Met One Presentation at the National Monitoring Conference in Denver this past May http www epa gov ttn amtic files 2012conference 1BO2BAM pdf page 9 set the Datalog Delta T to YES This will log the Delta T the increase in filter temperature of the BAM 1020 over ambient temperature to Channel 5 3 Log Met One BAM temperature and RH data to your data logger If the station data logger is capable of recording relative humidity Delta T and ambient temperature from the BAM 1020 configure the data logger to record these values These data will enable your staff to track changes in dew point which requires a calculation3 and how they may affect the zero data at your site If you are unable to log these data directly include these data when retrieving the digital data from the instrument during maintenance Follow Up As mentioned above am sending this technical note now as a large portion of the country is transitioning from relatively higher to lower dew points As you incorporate these changes we are interested in hearing from you on your experiences and results of incorporating these more frequent zero tests If you or your monitoring agency has information or results you think others may be interested in please share that information with the applicable technical contact on monitoring from your EPA Regional Office We may potentially refine these procedures at a later date based on additional testing and or what we lea
40. ew and remove the two clear plastic spool covers Anempty core tube MUST be installed on the left take up reel hub This provides a surface for the used tape to spool up on Met One supplies a plastic core tube to use with the first roll of tape After that you can use the empty core tube left over from your last roll right reel hub to spool up the new roll Never fasten the filter tape to the aluminum hub Load the new roll of filter tape onto the right supply reel and route the tape through the transport assembly as shown in Figure 5 below Attach the loose end of the filter tape to the empty core tube with cellophane tape or equivalent Rotate the tape roll by hand to remove excess slack then install the clear plastic spool covers The covers will clamp the rolls to the hubs to prevent slipping Align the filter tape so that it is centered on all of the rollers Newer units have score marks on the rollers to aide in visually centering the tape Unlatch and lower the pinch roller assembly onto the tape The BAM will not function if the pinch rollers are latched up and it has no way of automatically lowering the roller assembly Press the lt TENSION gt soft key in the TAPE menu The BAM 1020 will set the tape to the correct tension and alert you if there was an error with the process BAM Operator s SOP 2 37 2 Revision 4 January 1 2015 Page 24 of 52 1 NOZZLE IN UP POSITION 8 FILTER TAPE 2 CLEAR SP
41. he lt MOVE NOZZLE gt key to move the nozzle to the up position and remove the rubber nozzle seal Carefully place the filter tape back into position under the nozzle advance the filter tape approximately six 6 inches to provide a clean filter spot and rewind the filter tape to remove any slack Refer to Section 2 37 2 2 6 regarding filter tape replacement procedures Move the latch to release the pinch roller Note BAM will not operate with pinch rollers in the up and locked position Press the lt EXIT gt soft key as necessary to return to the MAIN MENU Perform an instrument Self Test Press the lt TAPE gt soft key to enter the Tape Menu Press the lt SELF TEST gt soft key The tests will take a couple of minutes and the BAM 1020 will display the results of each tested item with an OK or a FAIL tag If all of the test items are OK the status will show SELF TEST PASSED see figure 2 The BAM 1020 will return to normal sample operation at the beginning of the next hour Record all results on the e log 2 37 2 2 5 Nozzle and Vane Cleaning The nozzle and vane located under the nozzle must be cleaned regularly to prevent leaks and measurement errors The cleaning must be done at least once every 30 days and each time the filter tape is changed Some sites may require more frequent cleaning as determined by visual inspection of the filter spots that have previously collected sample See Figures 3 and
42. he 72 data points will be a positive number In this case the value will entered as a negative number After entering the new value push Save and then as before double check to make sure the update was successful Exit to the main menu 12 Being in the main menu the monitor will begin sampling at the top of the next hour 13 E Mail the completed spreadsheet and all downloaded files data alarms factory flowstats stats to the CO BAM Lead 14 Referring to Item 8 above it may be necessary and is probably a good idea to enter the new back ground value and continue collecting hourly data for 1 2 additional days with the HEPA filter still in place This is an audit of the value just entered Hourly data should be centered around zero Discuss the results of the background test with the CO BAM lead before performing the audit BAM Operator s SOP 2 37 2 Revision 4 January 1 2015 Page 27 of 52 2 37 2 2 8 BAM Calibration The calibration of the various components of the BAM 1020 is covered in the section These calibrations will be performed by the Regional Operators in addition to all routine checks and maintenance as outlined in other sections of this QAP SOP The ECB will be responsible for addressing issues related to a monitor malfunction as well as an annual independent flow audit The BAM components that will be calibrated are listed below Component Operational Acceptance Limits as Compared to a NIST Refer
43. he swab with its spring pressure Use your fingers to rotate the nozzle while keeping the swab in place A few rotations should clean the nozzle lip See Figure 3 Repeat the nozzle cleaning until the swabs come out clean Inspect the nozzle lip and vane for any burrs which may cause leaks or tape damage Perform a leak check see Section 2 37 2 2 4 Using a clean cotton swab with alcohol clean the pinch rollers of any filter debris Reposition the filter tape between the nozzle and vane making sure that it is centered Moving the latch to the left to unlock the pinch roller Press lt Exit gt soft key to return to Main Menu and press the lt TAPE gt soft key to enter the Tape Menu Press the lt SELF TEST gt soft key The tests will take a couple of minutes and the BAM 1020 will display the results of each tested item with an OK or a FAIL tag If all of the test items are OK the status will show SELF TEST PASSED as shown in the drawing below If any item fails the status will show ERROR OCCURRED 027 0867 1999 15829330 ILYNINCIsL8 OHE TAPE BREAK OK CAPSTAN OK TAPE TENSION OK NOZZLE DN OK Sia LSS OK NOZZLE UP OK REF EXTEND OK FLOW OK REF WITHDRAW OK SIESIEUS 3 SELF TEST PASSED TENSION Sidh DSA EXI Figure2 Self Test Status Screen Using the touch screen the SELF TEST feature is accessed from the MAIN MENU screen Touch TEST touch SELF TEST and then touch
44. ied by the EPA of the design flow rate of 16 67 and falls in the range of 16 00 to 17 34 LPM After these tasks are completed mark the BAM data logger channels Up Pass Fail Criteria 1 If the actual FTS calculated flow is within specification and the BAM reading is also within specification the flow check passes No further action is required 2 If the actual FTS calculated flow is within specification but the BAM reading is not the flow check passes However the mass flow controller must be recalibrated See section 2 37 2 2 8 3 If the actual FTS calculated flow is not within specification the flow check fails The mass flow controller must be recalibrated See section 2 37 2 2 8 Contact the regional chemist and the CO BAM lead To determine the actual date time that the flow rate fell outside of the control limits review the downloaded data file looking specifically at the historical Qtot column Qtot is the total sample volume for each hour The target value for Qtot is 0 700 m Values falling outside of the range of 0 672 to 0 728 indicate invalid concentration data All concentration values back to the data time when the Qtot was within acceptable limits will be invalid If the flow check result is outside of the specification inform the Regional Chemist and the CO BAM lead immediately The Regional Chemist CO BAM lead can review the calculations and procedure and if necessary have the
45. ll also be generated if the flow during any part of the sample period goes out of regulation by more than 5 for more than 5 minutes or by more than 10 for more than 1 minute In the later case the sample is stopped as well Momentary changes in airflow do not usually trigger the error This error may begin to occur if the vacuum pump is wearing out if the muffler is clogged or due to a fault with the flow sensor flow controller or air tubing The F error is also used to indicate if the ambient temperature or barometric pressure sensor has failed or is incorrectly connected PRESSURE DROP EXCESSIVE This error indicates that the vacuum beneath the filter tape has exceeded the limit set by the AP value This is almost always caused by high concentrations or certain types of particulate clogging the filter tape When this error occurs the BAM stops the pump to prevent overheating completes the measurement early then waits for the top of the next hour To increase the amount of particulate which can build up on the tape before this occurs set the AP value higher DEVIANT MEMBRANE DENSITY This error indicates that the reference membrane span check measurement m for that hour was out of agreement with the expected value ABS by more than 5 If these errors start to occur regularly it could indicate that the beta detector is beginning to wear out It can also be caused by a dirty or damaged membrane or by a membrane assembly that is n
46. m connection F6 Blank This key is not assigned a data function When the BAM 1020 with the touch screen option is powered up it will display the main menu top level menu on the touch screen display This menu is the starting point for all functions of the BAM user interface The date and time are shown at the top of the main screen The latest concentration value is shown in the circle at the left side If an alarm is present it will be displayed in the center of the screen The display module is a full function touch screen PC Menu navigation is done through graphic buttons on the display The OPERATE SETUP and TEST menus can all be accessed by pressing the buttons at the bottom of the main screen The ABOUT screen is used to review the firmware revisions etc The OPERATE menu allows data and current operating parameters to be viewed and does not interrupt to measurement cycle The TEST and SETUP menus require stopping the measurement cycle if running 2 37 2 2 Site Operator Responsibilities BAM Operator s SOP 2 37 2 Revision 4 January 1 2015 Page 10 of 52 The site operators will have the responsibility for the daily operation of the BAM Site operators are assigned by the regional field offices All activities performed during each site visit must be accurately and completely documented on the electronic field data e log forms and in the site logbook Any BAM malfunctions problems or questionable operations should b
47. n A small Carbon 14 4C source emits a constant source of high energy electrons known as beta particles which are detected and counted by a sensitive scintillation detector An external pump pulls a measured amount of PM laden air through a glass fiber filter tape Once per hour after the filter tape has collected some amount of ambient PM it is automatically placed between the source and the detector thereby causing an attenuation of the beta particle signal The degree of attenuation of the beta particles is used to determine the mass concentration of PM in the ambient air The monitor measures a background or zero signal at a predetermined spot on the filter tape which has not been exposed to the ambient air The monitor then pulls ambient air through the same spot on the filter at a rate of 16 67 liters per minute LPM for a specified period of time See appendix A for a diagram of the BAM 1020 system The BAM is configured to operate on 1 hour cycles During this one hour cycle the unit makes two 8 minute beta measurements one for the background or blank and one for the sample and collects one 42 minute sample for a combined total of 58 minutes The remaining 2 minutes of each hour are used for filter tape and nozzle movements At a preset clock time time 00 for this discussion the BAM advances the filter tape forward one window next unused spot where the tape is positioned between beta source and the detector The BAM b
48. nal office in a folder named for the BAM official operations files Example MQ_BAM_ Official Files These files should be transferred to the Official File on a frequent and regular schedule as established by the Region This is necessary to prevent the potential loss of such files from the field computer and to maintain a paper trail for providing defensible data This also makes the data easily and readily available for review by the Regional Chemist and transfer to the P drive for review by the CO The files on the site operator s PC can be copied and transferred to the common hard drive and or be transferred as attachments in email for storage in the official folder Field operators must have a PC or lap top to generate the elog files from a Microsoft Excel template file The BAM Site_Visit and Flow_Leak elog sheets are provided by the CO and updated periodically The file naming protocol is provided below A formalized file naming convention has been established through consensus of the regions and the CO and should be used by all regions Opening naming and storing the site files The elog template file used at the site should be stored on the PC used for field operations by the field technician To access this file open the elog template file using Excel Every time a new elog work book is filled out using the template it must be renamed and saved as a separate and complete workbook all sheets i e tab
49. nd side of the OPERATE screen Touch EXIT two times to return to MAIN MENU screen 2 37 2 2 2 Flow Rate Check The site operator will perform a flow rate check at a minimum once every 30 days 5 days to accommodate weekends holidays to verify the flow rate of the BAM unit This may change to once every 14 days if the BAM is used as the primary reporting instrument for the NAAQS at some point in the future A check is defined as a test of the mass flow controller MFC using an external standard The flow rate check is done using an orifice type flow transfer standard FTS that is accurate to 2 relative to a NIST standard Only one FTS is necessary for the measurement of the 16 7 LPM total flow The FTS device as well as the manometers temperature barometric pressure readout devices used for the quarterly audit cannot be used for the flow rate check The data logger s BAM concentration channel should be marked down during the flow rate check using the site computer All flow rate check values and information are to be entered at the appropriate places on the Flow_Leak sheet of the e log See Appendix C The flow rate check is performed as follows 1 Start the flow check by marking the BAM concentration channel as DOWN on the 8816 8832 data logger 2 Remove the PM 10 inlet from the sampling system Install the FTS device on the VSCC cyclone The FTS selected must be one that was calibrated to read in the rang
50. o MAIN screen 2 37 2 2 7 Zero Background Test The operator with assistance as needed from the ECB CO must perform a zero background test on the BAM 1020 within the first month of initial operation at a site Subsequent background tests will be performed on an annual basis in early Spring March April May when dew points are generally at a low point This test simply involves collecting data for 72 hours with the two inlet heads removed and the zero HEPA filter BX 302 device installed on the sample inlet At the end of the 72 hour period the data must be downloaded and the data statistically analyzed using a spread sheet template that is provided At completion of the 72 hours the HEPA filter is removed the two inlet heads are replaced and sampling continues as normal The site operator should place this activity on his her calendar as a reminder as to when it is time to perform this task The CO BAM Lead will also aid in this activity Specific instruction guidance is provided in Appendix D and the Zero Background Test template can be found in IBEAM Materials that will be needed include 1 Met One Excel Background Test Template 2 The BAM Operators QAP SOP and manual and 3 The background test HEPA filter assembly These materials are provided by the ECB CO 1 Watch the weather forecast looking for 4 5 days of good weather no major fronts coming through and no rainy periods Typical isolated thunderstorms are accepta
51. ons checks and audits The procedure to calibrate the thermocouple was added to 2 37 2 2 8 Flow Rate Audit 2 37 2 2 3 updated to require audits of the shelter temperature ambient temperature and barometric pressure Added in annual maintenance requirement for cleaning the down tube once a year preferably in conjunction with the annual calibration 2 37 2 2 Note The following is a list of significant changes from Revision 2 1 Revision 3 of this QAP SOP includes instructions on how to use the BAM 1020 if equipped with the BX 970 touch screen option 2 With newer models of the 1020 data download can be accomplished by using a USB port located on the top of the swing open front door Note The following is a list of significant changes from Revision 1 1 2 The BAM operators are now responsible for the calibration of the BAM Section 2 37 2 2 8 has been added which details the calibration procedures The ECB is now only responsible for monitor repair and the performance of an annual flow audit The elog was been updated to include a Calibration work sheet Per Met One recommendation maintain the BAM shelter temperature in the nominal range of 30 32 C Note The following is a list of significant changes from Revision 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Review of data after each download see Section 2 37 2 2 Visually inspect filter tape for poor sample collection see Section 2 37 2 2 1 Addition of
52. ot extending or retracting fully Also sometimes called a BAM CAL error COUNT ERROR This error indicates that the beta particle counting system is not operating properly and is activated if the beta count rate falls below 10 000 per 4 minutes The beta count rate through clean filter tape is usually more than 800 000 per 4 minutes This error could occur if the beta detector has failed or if BAM Operator s SOP 2 37 2 Revision 4 January 1 2015 Page 35 of 52 something is blocking the beta particles such as a stuck membrane assembly or debris T TAPE BREAK This error indicates that the filter tape is broken or has run out This error is also generated if the pinch roller assembly has been left latched in the UP position when a measurement cycle starts 2 Alarm txt file This text file lists all alarms that have occurred in chronological order This information is used to assist in the diagnosis of any instrument malfunction s and in the monthly review of the AQS monthly data summary reports as to the proper application of any necessary Null Codes 3 Settings txt file This text file lists all of the BAM settings that were entered during instrument set up and must not be changed by the operator This file must be reviewed and compared to the last download to verify that the settings have not changed 2 37 2 3 4 File Management All site files generated in the field will be stored on a dedicated PC in the Regio
53. r Mounting Rack r rena EGE a 3 Total Height BX 902 903 _ 6 6 ft 2 0 meters Shelter without cyclone 7 0 ft 2 1 meters with cyclone BX 126 Vacuum Pump TA CC CCC JCJ JOJO JO Fe tae i et te RANINEN NE NAKANA Fe tae a tt RAINANE KININE RAINANE KANAN ee ae ie te a te ie ce te ec te ce Typical BAM 1020 Installation in a BX 902 mini enclosure BAM Operator s SOP 2 37 2 Revision 4 January 1 2015 Page 43 of 52 Appendix B Summary of Scheduled Activities Scheduled Activities BAM Operator s SOP 2 37 2 Revision 4 January 1 2015 Page 44 of 52 Item Activity Frequency Details found in Section 1 Site Visits Nominally every 14 2 37 2 2 1 days or less 2 Download and Review Nominally every 14 2 37 2 3 amp 2 37 2 3 5 Data days or less 3 Review Polled Data Daily 2 37 2 2 4 Flow Check Nominally every 30 2 31 2 2 2 days or less 5 Leak Check Nominally every 30 days or less and with 2 37 2 2 4 filter tape change 6 Flow Audit 2 4 Month of Each PIR OPT Se Quarter 7 Nozzle Vane Cleaning Nominally every 30 2 37 2 2 5 days or sooner if needed 8 Inlet Cleaning Nominally every 30 2 37 2 4 1 days or less 9 Replace Filter Tape and Approx every 2 2 37 2 2 6 send old tape to CO BAM Months Lead 10 Post the downloaded data Once per month 2 37 2 3 amp e logs on the P drive 11 Review Correct A
54. rget flow rate Enter the flow value determined from your FTS standard as calculated by the elog into the STD field using the arrow keys Press the CAL hot key to correct the BAM reading NOTE The BAM reading will not change to match the STD until after you have entered all three calibration points 5 Press the NEXT hot key to move the lt CAL gt indicator to the second flow point of 18 3 LPM and repeat the process 6 Press the NEXT hot key to move the lt CAL gt indicator to the third flow point of 16 7 LPM and repeat the process 7 When all of the calibrations are complete the BAM 1020 flow readings should match the traceable flow standard reading at 16 7 LPM 0 1 LPM 8 Perform a flow check to verify the just completed flow rate calibration The lt CAL gt indicator should still be positioned at the third flow rate of 16 7 LPM Do not push the CAL hot key This is flow check only similar to that performed on a monthly basis Enter the results on the elog Calibration sheet under Flow Rate Verification 9 Exit the calibration menu The calibration of the flow ambient temperature and ambient barometric pressure is accomplished through the FLOW CHECK screen From the MAIN MENU screen touch TEST and then touch FLOW CHECKS F Relative Humidity Sensor The relative humidity RH sensor is housed inside of the monitor and is positioned in the sample flow path down stream of the filter A true calibration of
55. rn from experiences in the field BAM Operator s SOP 2 37 2 Revision 4 January 1 2015 Page 51 of 52 Additional Background Here is some background on a recent extended zero test in RTP NC In September when we knew the RTP NC area was to be impacted by the remnants of a tropical storm a zero test was performed on our Met One BAM 1020 over five days a total of 121 hours have plotted results of that test by taking 72 hour averages of available dew points and the inverse of the 72 hour BAM zero data This results in 49 rolling 72 hour periods As you can see from the figure below as the area went from relatively higher dew points at the beginning of the test to lower dew points at the end of the test there is a noticeable change in the response of the BAM zero data Note since these are 72 hour averages there is a lag in the change from the impact of the warm moist air during the storm to the relatively drier period at the end of the test So as you can see if we were to take the one of the first few 72 hour periods the dew point would have been above 16C and the zero value about 2 0 ug m3 If we had taken one the 72 hour periods from towards the end of the test the dew point would have been around 12C and the zero test data less than 1 0 g m3 Met One BAM zero data in RTP NC from September 7 to 12 2012 18 0 2 5 Calculated Dew point at BAM filter Rolling 72 hours Calculated Dew point at 10 M Rolling 72 hours
56. s saved to preserve the record Do not copy over a previously completed elog refer to the Logbook file naming convention Policy BAM Operator s SOP 2 37 2 Revision 4 January 1 2015 Page 36 of 52 Memorandum dated January 1 2011 which is located in the DAQ internal web site and summarized below Renaming Saving the elog Open the elog workbook template file using Excel Left click the file toolbar icon Scroll down to save as and left click Under file name highlighted in blue change workbook file name using the following format Logger ID BAM25 Date Activity example MQ BAM25 20110930 AX xls which equates to a BAM flow rate verification at Millbrook on September 30 2011 Change save in location to operator s choice of folders example previously created folder named BAM25 Left click save Find the tab needed for the task involved The first tab selected should be the Site_Visit Fill in information as indicated Open the tab named Leak_Flow and fill in information as indicated Save the workbook when finished entering data referring to 2 4 and 5 above The site files will be transferred every two weeks and backed up on a monthly basis This serves as a backup system in the event the official PC fails or is removed or the site files are damaged These files will be retained for a minimum of five years When the need arises to review a file for da
57. s section for obtaining the information for items 1 through 13 by using the touch screen From the data logger 1 Shelter Temperature information is located directly on the site data logger because it is not a part of the BAM unit 2 The Shelter Temperature must be within 2 C of NIST reference From the Main Menu record 3 Clock Time Must agree with data logger to within 1 minute EST If not reset the BAM time by pressing the lt Set Up gt soft key from the Main Menu and then press the lt Clock gt key to enter the Clock Menu and make any updates necessary using the red arrow keys 4 Date Date of site visit Must agree with current date If not use the lt Set Up gt and lt Date gt keys 5 Status Instrument status as indicated sampling counting error etc Next from the Main Menu press the red lt Down Arrow gt key to reach the Flow Statistics screen and record 6 Flow Rate LPM 7 Average Flow LPM 8 Flow CV From the Flow Statistics screen press the red lt Down Arrow gt key again and record 9 AT ambient air temperature C must agree within 2 C of NIST reference 10 BP ambient barometric pressure mmHg must agree within 10 mm Hg of NIST reference Press lt EXIT gt soft key twice to return to Main Menu then press lt Operate gt soft key and lt Normal gt soft key to enter Normal Mode screen and record BAM Operator s SOP 2 37 2
58. summer dew points e g where the ambient dew point may be expected to be within several degrees centigrade of the stations internal temperature we are recommending a zero test be performed and if appropriate a new zero set point entered in the BAM 1020 For many locations early fall may be an appropriate time to perform a zero test to represent the expected dew points over the coming months In late Spring if there are seasonal changes to dew point for your network it may be necessary to run another set of zero tests for your sites to ensure the zero is representative of conditions at your sites for that time of year As a reminder please follow Met One s instructions for BAM Operator s SOP 2 37 2 Revision 4 January 1 2015 Page 50 of 52 performing a zero test There are three key things to keep in mind in performing a successful zero test a Ensure a stable response of the zero concentration Met One has a spreadsheet on their web site to test this http www metone com bam_user php b Per instructions in the BAM 1020 Manual BAM 1020 9800 Revision G page 57 The zero test should not be performed during a period of rapidly changing weather c Ensure that the background level labeled as BKGD under the SETUP gt CALIBRATE menu entered in the Met One BAM is the negative of the average from the valid 72 hour test For example an average from the sample period of 2 0 ug m3 is entered as 0 0020 2 Datalog Delta T P
59. t the nozzle where it contacts the filter tape The BAM 1020 has no way of automatically detecting a leak at this interface because the airflow sensor is located downstream of the filter tape A poor seal at this point lets an unknown amount of air enter the system from a location other than through the inlet This will cause the calculation of the concentration to be incorrect Allowing a leak to persist may cause an unknown amount of data to be invalidated Record leak check results on the e log Perform the following steps to check for leaks Leak Check with Filter Tape In Place 1 Remove only the PMio head from the inlet tube Install a leak test valve onto the inlet of the VSCC Turn the valve to the OFF position to prevent any air from entering the inlet tube 2 Follow this step 2 only for a calibration Do not feed the tape forward during an As Found leak check From the MAIN menu enter the TEST gt TAPE menu Select FEED use the red up down arrow keys to select 1 and then press the FWD key to advance the tape one window to a fresh unused spot Exit back to the TEST menu 3 From the TEST gt PUMP menu turn the pump on The flow rate should drop below 1 0 LPM If the leak flow value is 0 75 LPM or greater then the nozzle and vane need cleaning or there may be another small leak in the system Refer to Section 2 37 2 2 5 for nozzle vane cleaning procedure From the MAIN screen touch TEST then
60. ta validation or site operations the official folder is used or a hardcopy is created from this file 2 37 2 3 5 BAM Monthly Data Validation As of the 2 quarter of 2010 the monthly data summaries are provided to the ROs by the CO in an electronic format using an Excel spread sheet At the end of the descriptive file name provided to the RO will be the number _1 example file name _1 xls The RO must open this file rename the file by changing the number _1 to _2 and then save the file After the RO has reviewed and edited the data the edited file _2 is resaved to the shared P drive This edited file is reviewed by the CO edited further if needed after consultation with the RO and then saved after renaming the file using a _3 The fully edited file data are then uploaded into AQS by the CO BAM Operator s SOP 2 37 2 Revision 4 January 1 2015 Page 37 of 52 The monthly data validation checks that will be performed are 1 2 3 1 Checking the two highest 1 hour values of each day 2 Providing missing data 3 Documenting the invalid data as to reason with proper null code and 4 Identifying data that may be the result of an exceptional event Referring to the BAM25 sheet the site operator will review and compare the two highest 1 hour concentrations of PM2 5 data from the AQS summary data for each 24 hour period with the corresponding BAM downloaded data files Verify the AQS 1 hour data values using the BAM dat
61. this sensor relative to an actual reference standard is very time consuming and is not required to be performed by the operator If the sensor fails it will read something impossible like 25 or 135 However the sensor can easily be reset to the factory calibration To do this from the main screen enter the TEST gt FILTER gt RH screen and press the RESET button only Do not press the CALIBRATE button Then exit out to the main screen BAM Operator s SOP 2 37 2 Revision 4 January 1 2015 Page 30 of 52 From the MAIN MENU screen touch TEST and then touch FILTER RH To reset to factory calibration touch DEFAULT at the bottom of the screen Do not touch recalibrate botton F BAM Shelter Temperature Sensor The BAM shelter thermocouple is connected directly to the site data logger To calibrate the thermocouple to the NIST thermometer reading 1 Login to the data logger Select Configuration Menu C followed by Configure Data Channels D followed by Change Old Configuration C 3 Select the BAM Temperature parameter which is typically named BAMTEMP or BTEMP 4 Change the High Output and the Low Output E U s values in order to change the thermocouple reading The value of the High Output plus the absolute value of Low Output must always add up to 100 The Low Output reading is always a negative number Note these values are arbitrary The goal is to modify the settings in order to correlate the Shelter
62. trol Limits 0 700 0 028 Equipment malfunctions disconnected coupling broken tubing etc AN RH consistently above nominally 35 or displaying negative values Power failures AV Flow Check Performed AX Quarterly Flow Rate Audit Performed by RO or AZ ECB Annual Audit Scheduled Unscheduled Maintenance and or Repairs cleaning data BA download flow leak checks etc Operator errors that produce missing data or invalid data BJ Calibration of one or more BAM components BC Poor Quality Control Results failed leak test flow outside limits etc AS Repair Performed by the ECB AT 2 37 2 4 BAM Preventive Maintenance Preventive maintenance tasks need to be performed on a routine schedule to ensure the proper operation of the BAM monitor and the collection of high quality data Maintenance activities are 2 37 2 4 1 Inlet Cleaning The PM 10 Inlet and the 2 5 Very Sharp Cut Cyclone VSCC must be cleaned at a minimum of once every 30 days To clean the PM 10 inlet and the 2 5 VSCC remove them from the sample down tube Disassemble the units clean the parts using a soft bristle brush and or lint 2 37 2 4 2 2 37 2 4 3 2 37 2 4 4 2 37 2 4 5 BAM Operator s SOP 2 37 2 Revision 4 January 1 2015 Page 40 of 52 free wipe with deionized water or isopropyl alcohol The units are considered clean when no particulate matter is visible Check the condition of all O rings and replace them if damaged Ensure that O rings
63. uickly touching the heater or adjacent sample tube It should at a minimum be warm to the touch 10 Review of Data Poll the site monitor on a daily basis Review the hourly concentration data for any anomalies and or operational instrument malfunction flags such as 915 and or 995 At this time two 2 channels are available for review 1 PM concentration and 2 shelter temperature Review the downloaded data after each download See Section 2 37 2 3 11 Annual Zero Background Test Perform with assistance as needed from the ECB CO See Section 2 37 2 2 7 and Appendix D 12 Calibration of the BAM Calibration of BAM flow rate mass flow controller ambient temperature and barometric sensors and relative humidity sensor on an annual basis required or at any other time as deemed necessary by the operator See Section 2 37 2 2 8 2 37 2 2 4 Site Visits The site operator will at a minimum visit the site at least once every two weeks approximately every 14 days to inspect the BAM operations and perform any scheduled activities as listed above General Observations 1 Check the instrument status sampling counting error etc 2 Check the Smart Heater Should be at least warm to the touch CAUTION HOT SURFACE 3 Check operation of the shelter heating cooling and 4 Visually inspect the filter tape immediately to the left of the nozzle See Figure 4 If the edges of previously sampled filter spot circles are not sh
64. ur white buttons called soft keys or hot keys These are dynamic keys whose function changes in response to a menu option displayed directly above each key on the bottom row of the display Whatever menu option is displayed above one of these keys is the function which that key will perform in that particular menu These are used throughout the entire menu system for a wide variety of functions For example changes updates made within a menu are usually not saved unless a SAVE soft key is pressed EXIT is also another common soft key function Arrow Cursor Keys The four red arrow keys are used to scroll up down left and right to navigate in the menu system and to select items or change fields on the screen The arrow keys are also often used to change parameters or increment decrement values in the menu system Contrast Key The key with a circular symbol on it is for adjusting the light dark contrast on the LCD display Press and hold the key until the desired contrast is achieved It is possible to over adjust the contrast and make the entire display completely blank or completely dark so be careful to set it to a visible level or it may appear that the unit is not operating Function Keys F1 to F6 BAM Operator s SOP 2 37 2 Revision 4 January 1 2015 Page 9 of 52 The function keys serve as shortcuts to commonly used menu screens and can be safely pressed at almost any time without interrupting the sample cycle Th
65. ved put the background test HEPA filter assembly on the inlet making sure that the on off valve is open Being in the main menu the test period will automatically begin at the top of the next hour It would be prudent to wait for the run to complete to see if monitor is working properly and to see the first data point Typically the hourly data should be around zero showing negative and or positive numbers The first 1 2 hours may be voided if necessary It is recommended that the channels be left up so that the data can be monitored during the test period After collecting at least 72 hours of good data remove the background test HEPA filter assembly and replace the PM10 head and cyclone see Item 13 below Download the data for entry into the spread sheet template 10 Something to keep in mind when using the spread sheet the values must be entered in milligrams and the download values are in micrograms Make the necessary conversion to milligrams by dividing by 1000 Review the download values and delete any obvious outliers such as BAM error codes example 995s etc and possibly the first few values The spread sheet calculations are setup for 72 data points 11 From the main menu of the monitor go to lt Setup gt then go to lt Calibrate gt menu and see current lt BKGD gt setting which should be 0 0000 Enter the new BKGD value as milligrams as indicated on the spread sheet template Typically the average of t
66. vice that reflect the use of ambient pressure in units of atmospheres The e log workbook will automatically perform this calculation after the measure values proper units are entered The formula for the calculation of actual or true flow is given below along with notes on applying the input values Qa Mx Aes Qa Actual Flow LPM M slope value of the orifice calibration b orifice calibration intercept P ambient barometric pressure T ambient temperature Kelvin A P manometer reading inches of water Note Ambient temperature and ambient pressure values must be in the correct units before applying to the above equation The ambient temperature must be recorded on the e log in degrees C The e log automatically converts the degrees C to degrees Kelvin for use in the formula The slope and intercept values provided for each FTS are based on pressure units of either mm Hg or atmospheres To remove any confusion the slope and intercept values to be used must be those associated with pressure in atmospheres To convert mmHg to atmospheres divide by 760 Also the ambient pressure must be in units of atmospheres After entering the slope BAM Operator s SOP 2 37 2 Revision 4 January 1 2015 Page 16 of 52 and intercept values the ambient pressure temperature and the manometer A P the e log will automatically calculate all values The specification for acceptable flow is 16 67 LPM 0 67 which is 4 as specif
67. z Az Found Attempt 1 Az Found Attempt 2 Ending Flow LPM C7 Ending Flow LPM Leak Check Status G Leak Check Statu sd Manometer ID No zy lowtddtaal Certifivalion Dale Eapivalien Dale Dagetest Pressure Readout Device ID No aa Jwmiddiaal Temp Readout Device IDNo Lid Jwmiddiaal LCevtifieatioe Dale Eapivalive Dale Dagetest TOTALFLOWFTSIDNo aa FTS for 16 67 LPM Required Jmmtddiaal Slope M Note Slope value selected must correspond to the use of BP in Intercept b H atmospheres and is provided on label attached to FTS unit BAM Difference Ambient Temperature degrees C Ambient Barometric Pressure mm Hg Shelter Temperature degrees C Ambiont Prorruro Ambient Temperature degrees C Atmospheres Ambient Temperature degrees K Acteal FTS Calculated Hanamoete r Delta P Total Flow liters per min Flow Acceptance Criteria 2 Azleft Attempt 4 Azloft Attempt 2 Ending Flow LPM C7 Ending Flow LPM Leak Check Status SSS Leak Check Statu sd Ree eee eee ee ee na Ar ee en ee BAM Operator s SOP 2 37 2 Revision 4 January 1 2015 Page 48 of 52 Appendix D EPA Memo Regarding Zero Tests on the Met One BAM 1020 BAM Operator s SOP 2 37 2 Revision 4 January 1 2015 Page 49 of 52 October 5 2015 To Met One BAM Users From Tim Hanley U S EPA OAQPS RE Zero Tests on the Met One BAM 1020 Introduction Over the last few months

Section II: Beta Attenuation Monitor (BAM)

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