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1 Summary - VLE - University of Leeds

1. BCNF if and only if B for R it is the ca e sKha amp a Asuperkey for R wHar property that removal of any att iskisr there Skylark Information System A J Shuttleworth bt Normal Form Any relation with atomic values in each of the relation cells is in valued attributes 2d Normal Form For a relatbenino2NF then it must be in 1NF There mustrialsd be nc dependencies AA gt o f some key B such that the left hand side is a proper subset of a key unl All BCNF relations are in 2NF but not anl F relations are Sd Normal Form A relation R is in 3NF if and only if wherever dhpeedesc nan B for R it is the case tha amp A eicthersugerkey or B is a member of some key All BCNF are in 3NF 3 3 2Normalisaon of Data into 1NF T P e T o be in 1NF the relation must only have single atomMmraGvAluaslat i on ssiate mat Whose rimary keyEAGUE ID and suppose we extend it by THMM dirmdtttibute We assume that ach league can Imber aof teams LEAGUE 1 LEAGUE DAY his is not in 1NF beda seis not an atomic attribute attribute domain 4 Social League 1 MOS Brazil Nuts Skylark 5 Mechanics League 3 Troopers Magic De Puy T HAM ddoOmanmtefins atomic values but some tuples can have a set of themaMvabues notinfwhotsi mesely dependant
2. Below is the Addweek function written in Visual Basic which incremented the matc Function Addweek d If DatePart wmi r DatePart m d 3 Or DatePart m d 5 Or DatePart m d 7 Or DatePart m d 8 Or DatePart m d 10 Then If DatePart d d 7 gt 31 Then d DatePart d d 7 31 amp a DatePart m d 1 amp amp DatePart yyyy d Else d DatePart d d 7 amp amp DatePart m d amp amp DatePart yyyy d End If Else If DatePart m d 4 Or DatePart m d 6 Or DatePart m d 9 Or DatePart m d 11 Then If DatePart d d 7 gt 30 Then d DatePart d d 7 30 amp amp DatePart m d 1 amp amp DatePart vyyy d Else d DatePart d d 7 amp amp DatePart m d amp amp DatePart vyyy d End If Else If DatePart m d 12 Then If DatePart d d 7 gt 31 Then d DatePart d d 7 31 amp amp DatePart m d 1 12 amp amp DatePart yyyy d 1 Else d DatePart d d 7 amp amp DatePart m d amp amp DatePart yyyy d End If Else If DatePart m d 2 Then If DatePart yyyy d Mod 400 0 Or DatePart yyyy d Mod 100 lt gt 0 And DatePart yyyy d Mod 4 0 Then If DatePart d d 7 gt 29 Then d DatePart d d 7 29 amp amp DatePart m d 1 amp amp Dat
3. Two macros were produced to aid with the usability of the system It was importa opened automatically without user intervention This prdvba amp adthpplseatudhhandiy hides away lewel design features like tables and queries The problem was solved Autoexec shown below The macro opens the chosen Main Menu in form view and tt recognises Autamxbacuns the macro as soon as the database is opened Option to save gll changes EEE before closing database b OpenFormi StopMacro Form Name Main Menu View Form Filter Name Where Condition Action Arguments Data Mode Window Mode Normal Options Save All The second macro created provides the user with the ability to shut the database a button was created to exit the system The command butttem was kist ilgnerkem t ldte event procedure which in turn executed the Save Exit macro 4 2 Implementation of BaseWeBront End Once the database was completely implemented it was then decided that it would be page h would make the different league tables available for the customers to viev Skylark Information System A J Shuttleworth Active Server Pages saved to an area on the CSSOLI Server on the university comp as follows 1 Datastore asprovidecbmnection to the database 2 Index aspcreates a list of the league names which are links to open the lee 3 Get table asputputs the chosen league table These files are iAppededdxit amp
4. 2 1 4Conclusions for Database Management Systems Although each of these Relational Database Management Systems discussed would hel system I have decided to use Micmesweftustesss sbftware a number of times in the with a variety of projects undertaken I feel comfortabi gudh ty Isganeproslure aha knowledge that I have along with new techniques that I will learn 2 2 WeBased ront End f were to implement the feature of being able to view information stored in the need to know how to display the information on the browser for the user I have dynamics HTML and ActiveBbBecas which will help in retrieving and displaying the 2 2 HTML HTML Hypertext Mmrkanguage is the sep sfmhatk that are inserted into a file tha for display on a World Wide Web browserupesgmbolhe ealrkthe Web browser exactly how page s words and images should be displayed for the usep ca kech simeiherdwul mwa ek a element or tag Some tags come in pairs which are used to indic tdswltenbagdarti and end an example being font colour HTML is recommended by the World Wide Web Consortium and is adhered to by major b Microsoft Internet Explorer and Netscape Navigator Both browsers support HTML 4 implement some more advanced features of HTML 4 0 differently so a web developer for both browsers and send out the suitable version to the user 2 2 2Dynamic HTML Dynamic HTML desc
5. rl UA He ccssul Field TeamName ContactNam ruentem fati County eene ak LeagueName Table Teams Teams Teams Teams Teams Teams Teams Leagues E Sort Ascending TP Show Criteria or The second approach used was producing the queries using SQL There were many di commands used to design all of the queries including SELECT DELETE and UPDATE designed that would ugfidateF heable fomn wiew results get entered into tlWendatabase Lostanbrawnfields are used to indicate which te mx amp hag bg the amp ameure and is al used by a query that creates the league tables where the valueseuee taamewimnegetl needs a 1 insertinWonnfpeideand a OLostant rawnfields The losing team needs a inserting idixst held and a 0WonnmoDrawnfields If the match ends in a draw eacl 1 insenn amp o Biewrfield and a 0 in the other two fields To solve this problem thr queries were creatWdp oaBumo updatketheo ugoste the column and third to upda amp gacohamn The thr queries are almost armentum lobius differences Below is the SQL guem ofam updating the UPDATE Team Fixs Team Fixs AS Team Fixs 1 SET Team Fixs Won 1 WHERE Team Fixs FixturelD Team Fixs 1 FixturelD And Team Fixs GoalsScored gt Team Fixs 1 GoalsScored And Team Fixs TeamID Team Fixs 1 TeamlD The query locates the two unique teams thmttumedTdtetsamne valken ifik
6. True Before the user can proceed and renew or delete the league a copy sfshe ec firal L printed with the print button These will be used for storage so that if any g about the league they can be referred to The delete button when selected d the databaseempving records ffemmthexmdixtureables This is carried out using t below A while loop is used to go through each fixture on the form and SOL com tables with the iodlhmtetb Skylark Information System A J Shuttleworth Dim n As nteger n s 1 While n FixCount 1 DoCmd GoToRecord acDataForm ShowFixtures Results acGoTo n DoCmd RunSQL Delete From Team Fixs Where FixturelD Forms ShowFixtures Results FixturelD DoCmd RunSQL Delete From Fixtures Where FixturelD Forms ShowFixtures Results FixturelD n n 1 Wend The user is then given two choices of what to do with the league it can either b renews the league then a team can be removed from the leagutoidath yohasaddatsded new team can be added from the waiting list where the teams for the day that the choserexplained later in tHifs t ectleague is not to be renewed the user chooses to tem and league details are completely removed from the database When the league is renewed the user first selects the teams that are to be renew teams or teams can be added or deleted depending on how emamhwse n tthe pdeamsglaaw When th Create Fix
7. 3 3 1900 15 03 2001 FixtureID appears in both tables 4 1 3lImplementing Database Constraints Most of the databaseinbasare implemented when the tables and relationships for th The integrity constraints are enforced when the field type and field size values entered for each field The en amp m yr fieegnt glruhe egrity rules are enforced when i are created and primary and foreign keys are indicated Validation rules can be enforced on certain fields in the table design For inst theostcodelds across the tables An idedinmadskatseanpfer which all data is to be a field This input mask was created using a Wizard and the way the data could b LLO9 OLL An L is a rekbg texd capi alis a required digit and a 9 is an optic postcodes BD7 6TC and LS12 9AS will be accepted 4 1 4Ouery Implementation Each of the queries was developed in a Query Design window There menei rtowct metho required data The first was using the design tool where you select any table o then drag the required fields into the query builder where different criteria s Skylark Information System A J Shuttleworth can bepplied to the fields Below is the query that is used to find all of the te Teamsandeagugables It also shows that the records retrieved from executing the alphabeticaT gmNgme E Team Details Select Query oo TE mimi PS el M r n lC E A
8. A connection was made to the skykaths etakeisg ithe command below strConnect Driver Microsoft Access Driver mdb DBQ g Inetpub wwwroot cszajs Test skylark mdb Theindex dfsde was used to find all the league names currently running at Benyon P forthe user to click on to open the corresponding league table Firstly an object made to openL amp hgugable from the connected database Dim objRS Set objRS Server CreateObject ADODB Recordset objRS Open Leagues strConnect adOpenDynamic adLockReadOnly adCmdTable A command was then created to go through each record in the record set outputting links This is the command used While Not objRS EOF Response Write lt a href get tables asp name amp objRS LeagueName amp amp objRS LeagueName amp a br objRS MoveNext Wend Skylark Information System A J Shuttleworth Theget tabl i epwas used to output the league table for the chosen league The Ll index by the user is sawed as guertyiwas then created to find the information neede table this query was similar to the one in the database where the league nam the required records strName Request QueryString name strQuery SELECT TeamName Played Won Drawn Lost Points LeagueName FROM webTables WHERE LeagueName amp strName amp ORDER BY Points DESC A record set was then opened containing the records found by the query Set objRS Serve
9. 32 4 1 6Managing Fixtures Results 33 4 lMaintaining League Tables 34 4 1 81mplementation of Forms 35 4 1 91mplementation of Reports 40 4 1 f0Macros 40 4 2 Implementation oBatseel Weont End 41 Section System Testing 43 5 1 Black Box Testing 43 5 2 White Box Testing 45 Skylark In formation System A J Shuttleworth 5 3 Conclusions of Testing Section emonstration and Feedback 6 1Details of Demonstration 6 2 Feedback from Demonstration Section Evaluation and Future Developments 7 1 Evaluation of the System 7 2 Future Enhancements 7 3 Conclusions References Appendix AProject Experience Appendix BRelationship Diagram of Tables Appendix Add Week Function Appendix D Example Reports Appendix EASP Files Appendix FWeb Page Scr amp amp nts 51 52 53 54 55 58 62 Skylark Information System A J Shuttleworth Section Introduction 1 1 Background Benyon Park is an indoor football centre on the outskirts of Leeds City centre opened just over a year ago and knowing the owners of the centre I was intereste doamentation of results and league tables were handled Having looked at the sys the centre I spoke with Mr C Larkin and said that the current system could be im improvements I would make thmdhsysbens it was decided that this project would bene 1 2 Ove
10. 577632 gt Trouble Wayne Cotton 452 Oxford Road Leeds West Yorkshire L514 7VF 01133 451200 gt E Return to Main Menu Ereate Fixtures Once the teams have been earlier in this section is a free slot in th ntered into th league the fixtures are created using These forms benefit the user obechasweawhengehbsghamd atn timetabl can be created in seconds a new leagu Skylark Information System A J Shuttleworth The final form created for the user is used to enter a team onto the waiting list record from the relevant queryNayightwon buttons can be used to browse through th command button can also be used to delete a record which is important for when a longer commit to playing The last command button thatrecurdoerhesuwd theeatser rmer the details of the team It was decided on instruction from Mr C Larkin that te include a date field This is used to enter the date when the team joined the wa th amp eam who joined the list first is entered into a new league first operating a 4 1 9Implementation of Reports The reports were created to design the various printouts needed by the user The simlar to the way the forms were created The Wizards provided by Access were us values to be used on the reports were taken from the relevant queries The repor where the prints are made nt amp xafiplBepr ports a Appsimowm bn 4 1 Macros
11. EAGUE ID The domain TERM ID contains sets of values and hehomids n n this case EAGUE ID is functionally depdirkiMib onbecause each set is considered a single memb In either case this r aatioh dsenottiav NFquahify as a relatioi Skylark Information System A J Shuttleworth Achieving INF With a problem like this there are thr ways to achieve INF 1 Remove attriBHEBM ID that violates 1NF and place it in BEAMeparehe wethttba primary KeAGUE ID The primary key for the newrEMMl Dijomn sthe foreign key is NF relations LEAGUE ID This decomposesdNhermdation into 2 2 Expand the key so that there will be a separAEkc r ptel hibhe ofhgipaimary ke now lecomes a combinatidmAG E ID TEAM ID The disadvantage of this is intro redundancy 4 Social League 1 MOS 4 Social League 1 Brazil Nuts 4 Social League 1 Skylark 5 Mechanics League 3 Troopers 2 Mechanics League 3 Magic 5 Mechanics League 3 De Puy 3 If a maximum number of values are known werRMmIDewi amp hthea number of atomic attribut AN ID1 TEAM ID2 gtc The antade of this method is introducing null some of the leagues have fewer teams The first of these thr methods is the superior as it introduces no redundancy ai method we have already used in our redahava swhemapasawe r amp r bipbn anfirAmM The first normal form also disallows nested relativa
12. Fantasia Redface Global Beats Otters Crotch Basement Crew
13. Street Address are total City County Street City County Post Code Contact Numbe Post Code n th ntities Using the de EREE and DAY WORK ON a M N relationship type between REF referee must be down to work for at least one day participatace total ON PITCH a 1 N relationship type between P fixture cannot exist without a pitch to play on ITCH and FIXTUR I PARTICIPATING TEAMS a 1 N relationship type between LEAGUE and TEAMonsBoth pa Both participati HAS PREFERRED DAY a 1 N relationship type between DAY and TEAMS WAITING Bc ON DAY a 1 N relationship type between DAY and LEAGUE Both participation Both participa HAS FIXTURE a M N relationship type between TEAM and FIXTURE Both particip All attributes that have been refined into the above relationships are now remove preliminary design of the databaseremofaislwifkdsheBpe redundancy which is import design the conceptual schema of the database Elmasri amp Navathe 2000 Some the storage level but can be introduced later has won lost or drawn to keep a total 17 This maf bewneenedgdmeskeepeam t RDiagral T E I la 3 JoquinN 192JU0 GI e19joeq 2 Tm HHSIHAHI H LId NO GAAV ld em SsoIppy JoquinN VLU 9U
14. been entered I then followed the instructions by printing the results and Lk deleted the old fixtures I then chose the option to delete the league When I league it wasn t bo theo amp strom This helps satisfy the rest of User Need 1 12 5 3 Conclusions of Testing No major problems occurred whilst doing the testing Apart from a few basic chan on the forms nothing had to be aEmeramporitanf wass the consequences of test failu could have proven to be costly A failure of a white box test may have resulted black box tests to be repeated and white blekxepatinsdto H tisetas that the design anc production stages were carried out carefully and concisely Because of this the test mfality asmatdrere ghanity com aning the testing was relied upon to tliscover a Software instead it was used to confirm that there were very few faults present Skylark Information System A J Shuttleworth Section emonstration and Feedback 6 1 Details of Demonstration It was decided that the user Mr C Larkin required a demonsttatitowasf ateate ttem his satisfaction and that each of the features could be operated with ease A der more useful than an extensive user manual as there are only a small number of po someone whashused the system before can then train any user that is new to the sy A copy of the system was taken to Benyon Park where the demonstration was held i demonstration was made for each
15. e Create Team 2 Create New Fixtures New Fixtures 3 7 Human Computer Interaction HCI humaromputer interaction is the study mferlsot pecthleamputers and to what ext computers are developed for successful interaction with human beings An importai different users form different perceptions about their interactions and have diff keeping knowledge and skills It is very important to pdyseftemntibre serompueefac holds the greatest impact on the users opinion of the system For the system to be a success itdesignkavgraphdth enfearei GUI Elements of a Gl include things dibwe mehis buttons scroll bars and the mouse amongst others A with its input devices is sometimes refemrf did as Thes systems GUI should be consi theughout so that the user becomes familiar with what each feature does exactly to the user what will happen if an action button is clicked on a form Skylark Information System A J Shuttleworth The user will ultimately determine how well the sgs ehokamsdheemddesidneaec For th reason it is important to get the user involved in the design taking any positiw improvements This will result in a more usable interface that is satisfactory tc 3 8 Webased Front End If this part of the system is to be implemented the information made available o use to the user of the system Information could be made availa
16. is changed any re keys will automatically be updated This option was chosen for each relatio wasnot an AutoNumber as these values cannot be changed e Cascade Delete Related FWb nsthe primary key of a record is deleted any rec the related foreign key will be automatically deleted This option was chos created After entering data into the database the relationships are established on the s shows how the data is relatedrL wsreem fheend ixturesbles Any fixture involving a contains TeamlDadFixtureih a recordTeamthexsables Brazil Nuts have a TeamID of 5 is also shown to be involved in the fixture with a FixtureID of 1 Skylark Information System A J Shuttleworth Primary Key EB Teams Table ME ln STeamlD TeamName LeaguelD ContactName StreetName City County PostCode ContactNumber b Brazil Nuts 2 Alan Goma 12 Westbury Avenue Leeds West Yorkshire L512 8lJ 01133 655443 51 Magic 2 Mick Howard 34 Langley Avenue Leeds West Yorkshire L512 7 YT 01132 455362 5 MAS Keith Neahnrne 2R9 pede Road Rradfared Meet Ynrkehire RNA RTH 1274 7RR7R TeamtD appears in both tables EB Team Fixs Table TdamlD FixturelD GoalsScored Venue Won Lost Drawn a H 1 2 0 1 51 1 2A 0 0 1 52 2 3H 1 0 0 53 2 1A 0 1 0 Primary Key EB Fixtures Table FixturelD PitchID MatchTime MatchDate 1 1 1900 15 03 2001 2 2 1900 15 03 2001
17. maskagexpected 21300 Reject produce error mdssegepted erroneoumput maskate on match time text bexonly in format 0000 7896 Accept As expected ki Select Numbejr6 Accept As expected of Teams 17 Reject produce error messagexpected Red Devils Reject produce error maskagexpected Create New Leagu League Name Monday Night Accept As expected 27 6 01 Accept As expected 17 Accept As expected x Null Reject produce error maskagexpected Add New Team Team Name Red Devils Accept As expected 27 6 01 Accept As expected ii 31 Accept As expected Contact Name Andy Smith Accept As expected a Contact Numbe91274 783551 Accept As expected x Street Name 18 South DrivaAccept As expected x City Leeds Accept As expected i County West Yorkshirdccept As expected s Postcode LS12 4RD Accept As expedte Andy Smith Reject produce error maeskagepted invalid Rewit mask created on text bexonly in format LL09 OLL 01274 783551 Reject produce error mesBacepted invalid A xtabove Date 27 6 01 Accept As expected Input mask edeat text bexonly in format 09 09 09 35 1 01 Reject produce error magskagexpected Andy Smith Reject produce error maskagexpected Preferred Dayl Accept As expected 8 Reject produce error maskagexpected Red Reject paduce error messAgeexpected Some fields allow any text to be entered It s up to use
18. must be an integer valu he Venue fieldT amtHexsable must be in the format roPAdither H o T between 1 and 7 T T he Pitch fielHixhurBeble must be an integer value between 1 and 4 as there 3 4 2 Integrity Constraints These are defined through the Data Defi sdtiom ikna pr vent any data that violate caistraints from being entered into the database no matter how the data entry is 3 4 3Integrity Rules The relational model has two integrity rules the entity integrity rule and the r outlined below 1 The entity integrity rules The only condition for these rules is that no part of the primary key should be m every time a new record is inserted and also when any part of the primary key is then an error is raised and the transaction is aborted Skylark Information System A J Shuttleworth 2 The referential integrity rules The only condition for these rules is that the foreign key should either be null as a primary key in the correspofid nguteblere enforced when something is deleted containing a primary key when something is inserted into a table containing a fo foreign key is updated If the rules are violated wheab emebhtagniagdaleredmafyok then the deletion can be cascaded making the corresponding foreign key null or 4 transaction aborted If the rules are violated when inserting into a table conta updating a foreign key the foreign key can be nullified or a n
19. the query The main queries needed to retrieve all the required data are listed below e Show Fixturdsist of every fixture for every leagu e Show Resuttsist of every fixture where the game has been playmecond a result e League Standirmgsch teams record i e games played won drawn lost goals e Team Waiting team Detethsls of teams including contact details e Referee Detad amp bails of referees include contact details Examples bbw the queries were implementecSectiaet amp iled in 3 6 Form Design The form designs are a very important part of thermysipgni i cet ithe ifsrodiat the user interact with Human computer interactSentisndidtesfedmsn will be designed so tha satisfy the requirements of the system as identified in the user needs An initial Main Menu form will be provided This will open up automatically wh the user and wil aecessdto all other forms in the database From the main menu to open the following forms 1 View Fixtures Skylark Information System A J Shuttleworth View Results View League Tables Enter Results Create New Leagu View Team Details View Waiting Team Details View ReferBetails a o GE O Mm Add Teams to Waiting List Forms 3 are all fairly similar in what they allow the user to do The user can cl and can then decide to view the related fixtures results or leageecusavlaustO nce be able t
20. 5The system shall be able to print distributed on notice 1 6The system shall be abl 1 7The system shall allow 1 8Thesystem shall 1 9The system shall maintain 1 1The system shall allow for 1 1llhe systahall take the res 1 1Phe system shall create fixtures for a set of given teams 5 2 User Needs that may possibly be implemented HHA h Q T e system e system e system arge of e system for any given league tables for each league the results of each fixture to be entered in renew or remove any league where all of the fixtures h league to the c ults for each game in a league and automatically upd ave beer saepltkack of when the football pitches are in use and when they a shall shall shall of each night 13 print out a score sheet for each referee take bookings for a particular football pitch at a particula keep track of which refemreducirenixftf sciartd nwhat matches they with details of al Skylark Information System A J Shuttleworth 2 5 The system shall make league tables accessible on the web 2 6 The systemlsmake fixture lists and results accessible on the web 2 7 The system shall create newsletters containing results league tables forthc reports to be distributed amongst teams and on notice boards 2 6 Requirements of the System This is a detailed requirements specifi
21. AMF NUMRER NAME CODE REF DAY DAY a Hali TEAMS WAITING TE AM CONTACT STREET CITY COUNTY POST CONTACT PREFERRED WAITING NAMF NAMF CODE NUMBER DAY DATE 3 4 4BusineRules A business rule is an organisational standard operating procedure for databases tl followed Business rules ensure that the database maintains its accuracy and int Example businessfenlese system are that no league can be running without having t waiting list can t be involved in a league already and old results cannot be remo fixtures have been fulfilled Skylark Information System A J Shuttleworth 3 5 Query Design It iery important to ensure that the queries are produced precisely so that they with no inaccuracies It is essential to start by having a clear idea of what da knowing how these gueriesusedldaber in the design One of the main queries needed is one that returns a list of fixtures for any giw would be to return a set of fixtures for every league and filter ouinehef rdwmired forms Once the query that produces a set of fixtures has been produced it can that a set of results for the leagues could beusetuanebe ufadsindeheodesegn of mai the queries When designing the queries it helps to know exactly how and where the query will known that a query will be used to output data on a form it saves time if it is shown so then all the l eiusluded in
22. Ie N 192JUO JINLLI V VV MUDO SWVAL Ava Qq3232134321d SVH AVG AANLXIA N lt gt mi WVAL Gm AVd NO I GAAVId N I SWVAL SNILVdIOLLSVd Toquinyy 1993u07 9UIeN 120 U0 13 Skylark Information System A J Shuttleworth 3 2 Database Design 3 2 4Database Schema table structure The overaddcdiption of the datadmisebdsethel mwe this is specified during the desig shouldn t change unless requirements of the database applications change Shown for the relational database schema TEAM NAME ID NAME NAME CODE NUMBER LEAGUE TEAM FIXS FIXTURES PITCH PITCH REFEREE REFER REFEREE CONTACT STREET CITY COUNTY POST NAME NUMBER NAME CODE REF DAY REFER DAY DAY TEAMS WAITING TE AM CONTACT STREET CITY COUNTY POST CONTACT PREFERRED WAITING NAME NAME CODE NUMBER DAY DATE Skylark Information System A J Shuttleworth 3 3 2Data Definition Table Name Attributes NAmeribute Type Null Values a
23. Initial returned tt wm and fixture details for each individual fixture Not surprisingly t empty A second query was then created that contained the same fields as the fir two queries and their fielda imere maddy layout of a fixture was then created in applying criteria to the fields to ensure that each fixture returned was correct Skylark Information System A J Shuttleworth When the problem of manipulating the fixtures into a desired format weseddioved tl solve the problem of handling results of the fixtures The diagram below shows h created To return results instead of fizgbadsd2coesaasrstiepigs changed from Is Nu to Is Not Null gs Fixtures Query Select Query mm ojx H a LeaguelD alej Aii Field Table Sort Show Criteria lt gt GetTeam2 t2name Is Null Is Null lt gt GetTeam1 t1name GetTeam2 FixtureID H or Ensure teams are not Ensure teams share the same same fixture ID 4 1 Maintaining League Tables Another major feature of the system wasddatrmaimegim tables This would give the ability to view and print league tables which provides important DmErsmatAon to c league table needs to contain the following details for each team in the league played games won games drawn games lost goals for goals against goal differ gained This problem wolved using a selection of queries An initi
24. Skylark Information System A J Shuttleworth summary This report documents the main stages taken and used to help create an Informatio leagues at an indoor sports centre It was intended that the system would be created for Mr C Larkin amp treBenyg e Park objectives of the system were clearly outlined as a foundation for the rest of th outlined below Use the database to maintain scores and league tables improving the current pro The centre holds mary r emnguey simultaneously on most nights of the week Each le and a set of fixtures for these leagues The system created should be able to tal update a league table so the user carntsaok the deaglepm The system should aim t current procedures by prmfiding reasee taskand by meeting all user requirements e Investigate making data in the system available on the Web and angdsecurity issu The centre may benefit by having information about leagues available on the Web fi is not an objective to implement this but to research the possibility of this haj would entail On completidnthe project many things were achieved A complete working system wa to meet the needs of the user which incorporated good usability and functionalit were made to the system where it was waithawerepmo eefhan the defined requirement user but helped in the overall performance of the system In addition to the system that was created carry
25. al query was designed details as well as performing sums of the fields forleeaclF iDeableontdhpBdstin the andDrawnfields provide a totaly ayantecw eech team won lost and drawn The sum of e GoalsScocetumn provides the goals for for each team and a count of the same fie used to indicate how many games each team has playeu agadlmsireatelumme fwyosedach team new query was created that summed all of the entries of goals scored by the oppos fixtures The goal difference was a simple subtraction of goals against from pojected assigning three points for a win and one point for a draw in the calcula Skylark Information System A J Shuttleworth The league table is then sorted in order of points If the points are equal rec highest goal differencedamthfimes rt is applied so the third order of precedence highest number of goals scored 4 1 81mplementation of Forms Implementing the forms was the trickiest part of the database creation irfhe form queries and their records as the control source In each of the forms different Basic VB commands were created to manipulate the data The first three forms were all very similar in the way the yams usechitted viekheeam details view waiting team details and view refer details The purpose of the from the relevant queries set out in a manner that is easy to view for the user formwas opened was to list all records These forms are of benefit to the use
26. arried out in order to assess how implemented Various tools and technologies have been looked at which could be u needs and system reguBmenerltse been established 2 1 Database Management Systems A DBMS database management system is a program that lets computer users create database Mott amp Roberts 1998 The DBMS manages user requespsoamdmseqsests that they have no need to understand where the data is physically located on stor mult ser the DBMS hides from each user whoever else may also be accessing the dk In handling user requests the tbMSimnsamety and security of the data It makes s constantly accessible consistently organised as intended and that only those wit retrieve the data The most typical DBMS is aagem attioaastematabAseemar kind of DB is the obiaented database management system A DBMS can be thought flesmanager manages data in Aadababase is a collection of that is organised so that its contentce ssed benaresjeldy and updated There are a var different databases that can be implemented including a relational database a d orientated database The most prevalent type of databah chsishe teabat ond tdbtab which data is defined so that it can be reorganised and accessed in a number of d A relational database is a set of tables containing data that is fitted into pred contains oneoper data categories in columns Each row contains a unique instance c d
27. ble over the web the leagues lhsaweothers can access it This information could be a current leagu lists which would be helpful for teams as the information would be constantly ac use to the staff at Benyon Parguest yebeine Asked to look up details like this member of staff a team could just access the web page and get the details from tl If for example the league tables were made accessible from theawebywoaldobmsectio created from an ASP and using ActiveX Data Objects and SQL query would be execute data Then HTML and the interleaved output would be returned to the browser Skylark Information System A J Shuttleworth Section Amplementation of the System 4 1 Implemetnton of the Database Implementing the database was a very time consuming process Because the system i requirements of Mr C Larkin and his staff at Benyon Park he was involved during the system develop die implementation progressed each prototype of the system was any feedback could be used to dev loenallmo fs nadesystem To describe exactly what was done throughout the implementation for decligmart of detailed for the purpose of this report Instead I have focused on the main area examples of techniques used in these various stages 4 1 4 1 2 Implementing Tables Using the normalised database schema producegphase hempelssegnting the tables was fa straightforward Eac
28. bued Tatitsr meanss thaat mate icompc themselves are not allowed If nesting wasrFaXTummsdrehas5iosdbewpehbe FIXTURES Results TEAM SCORED 1 2 4 H 0 1 0 4 1900 29 3 01 3 5 A 1 0 0 2 4 7 H 1 0 0 1 1830 2 4 01 6 2 A 1 0 Each tuple represents a fixture entity and a relation results represents the te normalise this into 1NF we remove the nested relation attributesrERMd pits them in Skylark Information System A J Shuttleworth and include the primary K8XTfREOM rteletion Decomposition and primary key propagat th IXTURES andEAM FIXS schemas as shown in the database schema Section 3 2 1 3 3 3Normalisation of Data into 2NF This is bas Heononcept of full functionaloOdependefuyl fnctional dependency if th of an attribute A that exists in X results in the depesdensy ana rfra Bd m pendency some attribute A that exists indXfrom eame move dependency still holds The test for 2NF involves testing for functional dependencies where the left han part of the primary key of the relation A relation schema R is ina NEsifnekery is fully functionally dependant on the primary key of R Most relations in the relation schema have a primary key made up of a single attr nonprime attribute in the relation is fully funcimenylk y degimtemsx Dne taeipr the primary key is made ulAAWfIB FIXTURE ID combinations If eitfENM heor FIXTURE ID at
29. cation for the intended product The syst been creeferenced with the essential user needs Information to be stored by the system Teams in leagues and teams on waiting list Team name Contact name Street name City County Postcode Contact number The information above will allow the system to carry out User Needs 1 1 and 1 3 User Need 1 7 states that the system should allow for teams to be addee rteleede wa for those who use the system This means the system will store the team details the waiting list and the day that the team wishes to play on Referees currently officiating the leagues Referee name Conmker nStreet name City County Postcode The information above will allow the system to carry out User Need 1 2 Fixtures Home team name Away team name FixtureID Pitch number Time of match Date of m As we have the League lameewable to separate the fixtures so that they are orderec leagues This information will allow the system to carry out User Need 1 4 User Need 1 8 states that the system should create fixtures for Bheetystterteambl fo need the list of teams to have the fixtures created for the date the league star will be played If a set of fixtures for a league has been completed and the use renew tHeague this will also allow the system to carry out User Need 1 12 14 Skylark Information System A J Shuttleworth Results Home team
30. d acDataForm CreateFixtures acGoTo 6 InsertAwayTeam fixNum Thus for each fixture an SQL command is run to create a record for a new fixture then located and the home and away teams are nereatf amp ms orHoneT adnsertAwayTeam functions enter the home and avkaanLdamdsatdetmespectively Function InsertHomeTeam fixNum DoCmd RunSOL INSERT INTO Team Fixs TeamID FixturelD Venue VALUES forms CreateFixtures TeamlD amp fixNum amp H End Function After the fixture details have been entered for each weelAddWeakfagwduirm thericall function is used to increment the match date for every week This is a complex f months years and also checks for leap years TAep m rki n is included in The process of creating fixtures using this method makes the job extremely simple teams have been chosen for the league thteantetrimea ldn nsttearta date for the matches e button that will automatically do the work for them A complete fixture list can each match is allocated tankicklate and pitch number withoutlarheanysdrimduaving to p 4 1 6Managing Fixtures Results Once the fixture details were available from the tables a way was needed to manij fixture could be viewed in the proper manner i e Team 1 vs Teama 2jixt thdsomas result could be displayed on a form for the user and also so that the user could This problem was solved using a more complex query than previously used
31. de for every need The existing systems also require data to be 12 Skylark Information System A J Shuttleworth anothe features in one system store contact detail 2 5 U A meeting was set up with Mr needs of the system on the basis of these initial ideas a set of and implementation stages Tux ser Needs S To begin with my initial which have been spl Bi 2 5 JUser Needs Essential to the System matedate upntact boards boards details for details for details for out fixture full each team in each league Instead of having separate program amp st nende tem flenartentato create wil a system that contains the means to produce fixture lists This system will aim to provide fortdimingdik isek al user a C Larkin at a very early stage of the project in or ans of what the systakiwma ld do user needs were produced that w lit into essential and possible user referees currently officiating tl teasis thatntare ome thE wadtliaayleds out results le toodatatleatueptables lists for any of the leagues runr of fixtureat fBenyoy Badrkhet deague to be distributed on no tice bos teams to be added to the waiting list to be entered int 1 1The system shall 1 2The system shall maintain contact 1 3The system shall maintain contact 1 4The system shall be able to print distributed on notice 1
32. e Microsoft Jet Engine managing the data The engine stores all the application data such as tables f modules The engine also providebi v sseducapas various types of data access calls the engine to provide various services such as the storage and retrieval o 2 1 2Microsoft SQL Server Microsoft s SQL Server is an example of a DBMS rtdgiestesvEsonahnabasple client users very easy database server to use and administer offemimgy h Brit ohatsbn ofwiselrds an graphical tools Many activities can be performed in several ways S ucip sngnt he texbased interfaces SOL Server provides several wizards that assist the user in completing major acti performance security and object management Graphical tools are ptdwohdedtkhich the database and the query analyser suggests indexes that can be used for the besi 2 1 30racle RDBMS Oracle is currently the more widely used Relational Database Management System i an Oraclea ase and the Oracle Instance The Oracle Database is the collection of log and control files The Oracle Instance is the Oracle system processes and the created for a specific instaace ofetiatidat SOL is supported by the Oracle server define and manipulate data PL SQL is the procedural language that controls the variables and provi Enmmprprocedures Oracle can ba acogsamminhrdagguages such as C or Java Skylark Information System A J Shuttleworth
33. e Text 9 Nu Contact Number Text 15 Not Null Preferred Day Number integer Not Null Waiting Date Date Time short datdjot Null 3 3 Normalisation Normal aBion of data is the process of analysing the given relation schemas based dependencies and primary keys to minimise redundancy and minimise the insertion lt E anomalies Elmasri 4 Navathe 2001 tRedayioealsdababaae if relations are in then there will be minimum data redundancy and minimum chance for something to go form of a relation refers to the highest normal form condition thatofiwhme t stand has been normalised Normalisation must confirm the existence of two properties that the relational scl properties are as follows 1 The lodess joinfadditive join property which guarantees thetetbgenepatious tu problem doesn t occur with respect to the relational schemas created after d 2 The dependency preservation property some individual 3 3 1Definitions of a superkey key and various normal forms relations resultaingieifter decompo which ensures that each functional dep Superkey The superkey of relation s hemajRis Aset of att Rbmumitds the property that no two tuplesdr n any legal relat oR w ebbvef Key Any key K is a superkey with the additional not to be a superkey anymore BCNF BoyceCodd Normal Form A relation R is in dependency AA gt
34. e league tables when results have been entered Some of tl described below 2 4 1Fixture Generation League Management Software League Maker 2808 software package that helps deste andtrwreates leagues for a n teams helps customise league tables previews league fixtures prints league fix reschedule matches that can t be played The software runs oropmdrdatrihgcanyeattannles with any version of Windows There are two relevant programs one that produces other that produces fixture lists A problem of this software is that creating f tables is camrieding separate programs I intend that a single system should do I SportSd tanother piece of software that has been designed to speed up and minimis league tables and fixturepdrtsteftfeAgatwoamspgone to create fixtures and another t the league tables The Competition Fixtures program creates fixtures for as many needed prints selected fixture lists and provides a matrix formdhef du x4 uresg bans be exported to other softwarSpornsdhdagge Tables This program creates and maint number of leagues allows the user to customise their league table prints tables has an impree feature where statistics can be performed upon the results of the f 2 4 2Conclusions Clearly these systems have not been designed for the individual Although the s features required to psodmc oa syr needs i e the fixture generation and league they don t provi
35. e possible solution to this would be to publis Web servers The HTML file corresponding to the datateacdadespageal dmdcaemry nel Wind Explorer could be copied to a folder underneath the root directory of the Web se should be made accessible to the chosen Web server A data access page is formed from a slheoMScusccssereththibatie and a corresponding HTM located on the computer s file system There are two ways to protect a page s sh being renamed deleted or changed the computers file system seduwmsityrecarntohmeduse On the computer the Access database that contains the page onlshyoxhcutm dare Wehmad server the file and the folder where the HTML file is lemabed Hans bei nadeoleadhe problem of any date data access page being altered by the users where cthey data is basis 11 Skylark Information System A J Shuttleworth 2 3 3 Conclusions for Server Side Processing For a user to view and work with a Data Access Page on the Internet they must hae InterneExplorer 5 and a Microsoft Access 2000 license This would be a major prok have access to these Active Server Pages appear to be the best way to make information accessible on tl Data Objects umedodxection Ze treated database can be accessed and relevant data and returned to the browser 2 4 Review of Existing Systems There are many existing systems available that can be used to creatleafuetumes for they can also manage th
36. e to 1 for the team that has a greatest s amp cbfedid thMoaamples of the queries that were cre described later in this chapter Skylark Information System A J Shuttleworth 4 1 5Fixture Generation Part of the user requirements was to develop the feature of being able to create teams This part om tte 4ysthe created early on in the project as most other fea fixtures for a league My original thoughts were to create an algorithm that wou of teams that were entered into a leagwed t hbe Mmowhv arode than expected as it that a rather complex spanning tree algorithm would have to be implemented Afte Mr Larkin it became evident that the leagues running at Benyon Parkeaontai heithe reason for this is to optimise income throughout the year A league with six tear twice would span ten weeks This would mean that the league could be renewed fiw weeks over holidegsper to rmfforteurnaments A league with eight teams playing e twice would last for fourteen weeks meaning it can be run three times over a yea group competitions The centre alsoguee bdist ls tag iodd lember of teams as one team out every week This information made the fixture generation far simpler to implement The imple through using an event procedure assigned to a command b tt nr hgtske tepmsoprild be explained lafewent proc E largeBtxture Drrently 1 dures were creat
37. ePart yyyy d Else d DatePart d d 7 amp amp DatePart m d amp amp DatePart yyyy d End If Else If DatePart d d 7 gt 28 Then d DatePart d d 7 28 amp amp DatePart m d 1 amp amp DatePart yyyy d Else d DatePart d d 7 amp amp DatePart m d amp amp DatePart yyyy d End If End If End If End If End If End If End Function Skylark Information System A J Shuttleworth Appendix B Example Reports Skylark Information System A J Shuttleworth Skylark Information System A J Shuttleworth Skylark Information System A J Shuttleworth Appendix EASP Files Skylark Information System A J Shuttleworth Skylark Information System A J Shuttleworth Skylark Information System A J Shuttleworth Skylark Information System A J Shuttleworth Appendix FWeb Page Scr amp amp nots The user is given a list of the teams currently running at Benyon Park Zi ASP database acce ple Microsoft Internet Explorer htip csiis leeds ac uk cszajs test Current Leagues Click on league to view league tables Monday Mechanics League Tuesday Brewery League Wednesday Corporate League Thursday Business League Monday Masters League Here is the table returned when the Wednesday Corporate League was clicked on Wednesday Corporate League League Table Matchsticks
38. ecaus very relation in BCNF is also in 3NF however a relation in 3NF is not 1 amp Navathe 2000 It is easy to check that a relation fREAMBENES rdliditsidheor example Fheiwvraly non dependency is TEAM ID FIXTURE ID GOALS SCORED VENUE WON LOST DRAWN The relation is in BCNFTEJRCdDSeIXTURE ID is a key and therefore a superkey The for every otherindal dependency in the relation schema whids mfeaen amp hehschbBOBNE ho at Skylark Information System A J Shuttleworth 3 4 Integrity Constraints and Business Rules This part of the system design is based on database integrity We want to ensure database isosei tent and within the limits set in Th sdat basasdesighat the data gt a complete and accurate representation of the Universe of Discourse There are s used to meet these goals which allow the designer to restrict the valne e hat cal integrity rules integrity constraints and business rules are terms that describe 3 4 1Validation Rules Validation rules specify requirements for data entered into a record field or co structure i e text box placed on a form for the purpose of data entry These e The Postcode fielTkapRdferesdeams Waittiales must be in the Wat LLOQ e The Contact Number fielbeamnRe feeelleams Wait ahjes must be in the format 00 000000 he Preferred Day and Day fidletsgpeurtieams Waittiaimles
39. ed using Microsoft Visual Basic provided b fixtures the number of teams to be entered the start date and the match time nec Hixthereable This information was taken from the values pr query used to create the form Depending on the number of teams entered the proc for six or eight team mpBelowdes tBak shows how the first week of fixtures is crea Create first round o f fixtures DoCmd RunSQL INSERT INTO Fixtures FixturelD PitchID MatchTime MatchDate VALUES amp fixNum DoCmd GoToRecord amp 1 amp startTime amp amp matchDate amp acDataForm CreateFixtures acFirst InsertHomeTeam fixNum DoCmd GoToRecord acDataForm CreateFixtures acGoTo 2 InsertAwayTeam fixNum fixNum fixNum 1 DoCmd RunSQL INSERT INTO Fixtures FixturelD PitchID MatchTime MatchDate VALUES amp fixNum amp 2 amp startTime amp amp matchDate amp DoCmd GoToRecord acDataForm CreateFixtures acGoTo 3 InsertHomeTeam fixNum DoCmd GoToRecord acDataForm CreateFixtures acGoTo 4 InsertAwayTeam fixNum Skylark Information System A J Shuttleworth fixNum fixNum 1 DoCmd RunSOL INSERT INTO Fixtures FixturelD PitchlD MatchTime MatchDate VALUES amp fixNum amp 3 amp startTime amp amp matchDate amp DoCmd GoToRecord acDataForm CreateFixtures acGoTo 5 InsertHomeTeam fixNum DoCmd GoToRecor
40. efined by the columns The standard user and application program interface to a structured query language SOL stat mentiaterecuss queries for obtaining informa relational database and also for gathering data for reports A relational database would be an ideal way to implement the system for Benyon Pa to create and ascesil as having the advantage of being easy to extend After the a new data category can be added without requiring all of the existing applicatio A DBMS is usually an inherent part of aBdatasestheradiational database management RDBMS family includes such a large number of products I have focused on the mo Microsoft Access Oracle and SQL Server Skylark Information System A J Shuttleworth 2 1 4AMicrosoft Access Microsoft Access is expmp u aof a ernghatdbup user DBMS amdbne of the most well kno implementations of the relational data model It is considered to be part of an Windows platform for creating and managing gatabdsesa ddicalease engine and a grapt interface GUI for data definition and manipulation through SOL The programmini also available to the users of Access Users can create querigb thiermsdan rkpor available Wizards which can provide for input and output operations against the interactive programs that direct the user through a set of questions to help them to accomplish Access is a RDBMS which comprises several components Th
41. em A J Shuttleworth Appendix AProjeckpBrience have found undertaking this project to be both an enjoyable and valuable experi Skills including time management and have also learnt new technical skills that w come f were vegany advice to somebody starting a project it would be to get an ear underestimate the amount of work that is in involved in managing a whole project semester with a particular piece o scoucisewom waetspent on my project as I had I As a consequence my progress through the project suffered and a great deal of tim which had a kmockffect on other modules and the work began to pile up feel thats also important to choose an area for the project that interests you has to be spent doing the project and spending the time on a subject of interest i was very rewarding to sest mhetlf anawasycreated It is also vital to use the help that is offered to you by your project superviso are headed in the right direction which makes sure the time you spend on the pro a project where a saalienknown I would urge you to form a good working relation when they are approached they are happy to give help and advice It helped me to them so their time was nothwgswedeahdppy to help again Skylark Information System A J Shuttleworth Appendix BRelationships Diagram of Tables Skylark Information System A J Shuttleworth Appendix Add Week Function
42. ew record could be table or an error could be raised and the transaction aborted The Relational Database Management System provides fae tirassacties manpgetr ofott database designer does not have to implement the rules in the way they implement to indicate which are primary and foreign keys so that the DBMS knows where to aj referentn a grity checks Roberts 1999 The primary key for a table is created in the table design and is indicated by th field name as shown below Field Name Data Type Description eamID AutoNumber Unigue ID number for each team i TeamName Text Name of team LeagueID Number Which league the team is in Referential Integrity is enforced between all primarye adi oskiga k gdow An exa of this is shown below where a constraint has been enforced beteegueatired emuhelD the LeagueID fielPeamstahede This indicates that a team s LeagueID m st thatone of exists ihethatable Leagues 1 Skylark Information System A J Shuttleworth Here is a diagrammatic display of the referential integrity constraints An arc relation that it references represent the constraints TEAM TEA TEAM LEAGUE CONTACT STREET CITY COUNTY POST CONTACT NAMF TD NAMF NAME CODE NUMBER LEAGUE T LEAGUE DAY TEAM FIXS FIXTURES IBh PITCH IL MATCH TIME DATE Eum PITCH PITCH REFEREE REFER REFEREE CONTACT STREET CITY COUNTY POST Lc N
43. feature of the system x ebein font lamdowommsead button and what order different processes are carried out in Mr C Larkin was then given the opportunity to test out the system for the first t used the system was watched very carefuldfy hito ameians made were unfamiliar to how them to be I encouraged him to speak any thoughts which was useful since inter obvious to the passive user 6 2 Feedback from Demonstration The feedback front Markin about the system was very encouraging and it was evident with the outcome His initial comments were made about the visual side of the pr well laid out and was pleasing on the eyRowihh nolbunsh The consistent layout of made them easy to interpret Also prea wadcitth embet It was noted that it w to him what each button on the forms were for and it was easy taramidd asikamnd like w creating a new league were performed Mr Larkin thought that the product s potential to accomplish the goals set by him accomplished and extra features like searching for a particular geams bde amp fii s w Another positive comment made was about the apparent time that the new product wo performing certain tasks Section Evaluation and Future Developments Skylark Information System A J Shuttleworth This section examines the overall system idamsta fyimdsanprbimdi ayia description o enhancements that could be made 7 1 Evaluation of the System The
44. h table was created using the design view in Microsoft Acces names data types and field sizes for each fiel amp ed taneri Meetetahdefdndtion in Enforcing Relationships After creating the tables the next step is to enforce the relationships between ai stored in the tables has significant meaning A relationship betwedat nyshupstab window In the Edit Relationships tool a chosen table and its respective prim hand columns The related table and the respective foreign key are then entered The EnforcerRafdal Integrity check box is selected and the relationship can the of this is shown in the illustration below where thkRefr amp fateiah sim z Hee tWechertees ta and t RefIDfield in the Ref Dayl atimable is The relationship diagram shows all relationships that exist in the database A c shown Appendix B Skylark Information System A J Shuttleworth E dit Relationships mil xi Tables and keys Table Query Related Table Query from Cancel pull RefiD down Join Type combo boxes V Enforce Referential Integrity EV Check box to rc d Di deed d enforce referential ascade Delete Related Records integrity Relationship Type One To Many The Edit Relationships tool also provides options that can be chosennwhath form integrity check These are outlined below e Cascade Update Related Fil Hels the primary key of a record
45. iate data from a database 2 2 4Conclusions forB tekd Front End Because the Web pages will be nothing frortewhan cemeyin information and the user s no need or indeed no possibility to make alterations I have decided to use HTML HTML This is because it is supported by the major browsers arb aglmwymamcause it i 2 3 Server Side Processing Again if I were to implement the feature of being able to view information store then I will have to know how to make the data from tables and gueriesi drwessible researched into ways of solving this problem through the use of Active Server Pag Data Access Pages 2 3 AJActive Server Pages Active Server Pages agemacratvedr pages which can call other programed fdheseveanety of reasons like accessing databases and serve different pages to different browse that includesembwedded programs that are processed on a Microsoft Web server befor the user ASAnis similar to a common gateway interface application in that they bc run on the server usually customising a page for the user Typically the scrip uses input received as the r sureanEsthsorsthe page to access data from a databas the page before sending it to the requestor 10 Skylark Information System A J Shuttleworth ASP is a feature of the Microsoft Internet Information Servergikhlewewvernptsirimceutlte building a regular H Mit page be delivered to alm
46. ing out the project helped me ga different subject aremarsgtuduegbprbject The deliverables on completion of the pro Database System Demonstration of system to user This project report The main stages of the project are detailed in the rest of this report Skylark Information System A J Shuttleworth Acknowledgements I would lakecknowledge the following people on completion of this project Dr Kevin McEvoy my project supervisor for his help and guidance throughout the Mr C Larkin for his input into how the system would best meet his needs Skylark Information System A J Shuttleworth Contents I Summary Section 1 F Contents Acknowledgements Introduction 1 1 1 2 1 3 Background Overview of the Problem Scope of the Project Section Background Research amp Analysis 2 1 2 6 Database Management Systems 2 1 4AMicrosoft Access 2 1 2Microsoft SOL Server 2 1 30racle RDBMS 2 1 4Conclusions for Database Management Systems W ased Front End 2 2 1HTML 2 2 2Dynamic HTML 2 2 3ActiveX Data Objects 2 2 3Conclusions feRajieb Front End Server Side Processing 2 3 AActive Server Pages 2 3 2Data Access Pages 2 3 3Conclusionssg orer Side Processing Review of Existing Systems ii xd W U O Mb PN 4 a o GO O G U 7 2 4 AFixtu
47. ions feel that this project has overall beem gegudcemsntsA hdminimial user needs ha adhered to and also further enhancements were made to improve the systems overal though the final system does meet the requirements it is still impordahd be find eradicated in further versions to make it even better It is hoped this system is deemed a success by the management team at Benyon Park it in the future to help them manage the leagues witlcagteadfeteatfifeiweynd in a mor Skylark Information System A J Shuttleworth References Deitel amp Deitel 1998 C How to Program In Operab0Zz GOzedioaon npngPrenptiz99 Hall Elmasri amp Navathe 2000 Fundamentals of PBakgdba senpyA t daspea GarciMolina H dm h J D 1999 Database System Implementation Hobley K 2998 Introduction to Human Computer Interaction School of Computer St Leeds Jesty Eur Ing Pe06y 5899ware Project Management School ofndomewst amp y Stfudeesls U Mott Peter amp Roberts Stuart 1998 Introduction to Databases School of Comput Leeds Mott Peter amp Roberts Silygrt dz ded Databases School of Computer Studies Unive Mott Bet amp Roberts Stua 20 Gtributed Information Management Systems School c Studies University of Leeds Roberts Stuart 1999 Database Principles and Practice School of Computer Stud Skylark Information Syst
48. is presented me with the set of fixtures and results for the league takingcelen the 12 04 01 and then exited the form I then chose to view the le it was apparent that the leamedatebleThas helps satisfy User Needs 1 9 1 10 and Can the system print out det i fsxdfrtis Iesylts and tables From the main menu in turn I chose to view fixtures view results and then Monday Masters League Whilst on the forms I selected the print button which informatiofihis helps satisfy User Needs 1 4 1 5 and 1 6 Can the system view contact details of teams and referees From the main menu in turn I chose to view team contacts view waiting team contacts Whilst on thgesriffmmes Isearches for particular teams which brought up details This helps satisfy User Needs 1 1 1 2 and 1 3 Skylark Information System A J Shuttleworth Can the system renew a league Here I entered in all results for the Wednesday Corporate Leagudtarhddre rnrmed entered I then followed the instructions by printing the results and league tab fixtures From here I chose to delete one of the existing teams and replaced it 1 gt thennformed the start date and match time and created the fixtures as before Need 1 12 Can the system delete a league Again I entered all of the results for the renewed Wednesday Corporatsulesgue ai had
49. mentation that are faulty It complete specification has been implemented e Black Box Testing concerned with testing the specification and will discover indicating any parts of the specification that have not been fulfilled It of the implementation have been tested In order to fully test the system both black and white box testing are required 5 1 Black Box Testing Black Box testing was carried out on the system where data entry was required to range of expected erroneous and extreme data were entered into the fields to ensi it would be expected to Where defects were found alterations were made where aj testing that was carried out Enter Results Goals Scored 7 Accept As expected Red Devils Reject produce error messagexpected 27 6 01 Reject produce error maskagexpected Create Fixtures Start Date 27 6 01 Accept As expected 2130 Reject produce error meskagepected 35 1 01 Reject produce error messagexpected Red Devils Reject produce error messagexpected Null Reject produce error messagexpected Skylark Information System A J Shuttleworth Kickoff Time 2130 Accept As expected 27 6 01 Rej ect produce error mds amp agexpected Red Devils Rej ect produce error maskagexpected Null Reject produce error maskagexpected 7 45 Reject produce error
50. ms to benefit If there are discrepancies with results that have been entered both teamswe l as the referee s score sheet to find the correct score At the mo results to be entered for each league separately and the user is presented with e the league where the use l uamis fixtures using the date for the game As more tfr be run on the same night it could be beneficial imea teomSsind ap egam staskeduled particular night i e the night the r siwltmmemmstd Hee useterecild bnly be presented games of significance when it comes to entering results at the end of the night prevent mistakes being made when entering results because at th amp am meantesh tubgr entering goals scored by only one team Even though the mistake will eventually team will have played one game less than the others in the league table it would to make suwehbscores have been entered for a result It is impossible to ensure t result have been entered correctly and is therefore the users responsibility to m Skylark Information System A J Shuttleworth method provided for enterinsatscsieastd sy but there are a few possible alterations the current system The system provides the user wittysteimplecessp for creating a new league which p user from making a mistake The neatieasgua lowhe set up within minutes with a cc fixtures The only limitation for this part of the system is that fixtures can Ol Although this satisfie
51. n this form theorfiedch fteams goals is made enabled so that data entry is made pos appropriate results have been entered the Exit and Update Scores button will c queries descr5bedion 4hhi4 update the Wond Dfest aolumnsTaam thistsable Skylark Information System A J Shuttleworth If all games have been played and each fixture has a corresponding result then tl renew or delete the league and fixtures so that a new league can be started up Prompts arevpded to the user to make sure that it is the desired action to renew Carrying out either of these options means that all previous fixtures and results to remove unwanted data It is there6omekesseneiBhat the user is positive that tl proceed The way this was done is shown in the diagram below Step 1 Disabl n Are you sure all games have been sabled buttons so played E a Yi old fixtures cant be ey and Henew League deleted Confirm all results have been entered Step 2 Printthe fixtures and final league table to file away 1 Delete Old Fixtures and Henew League Print final league table and results Step 3 Now delete old results and renew the league amp Delete Old Fixtures x and Renew League Fixture details deleted from database The user clicks the confirm button to be able to renew or deletUeranteadguttomhic A enabled A button is made enabled using the following VB command which shows p printResTab Enabled
52. name Goals scored by home team Away team name Goals scored by away t of match League name As we have the League Name we are abd etlte separat so that they are ordered into tl leagues This information will allow the system to carry out User Need 1 5 User Need 1 10 states that the system should allow for results to be entered into Need fothose who use a system This means that the system will store the goals Sc teams against the fixture This will also allow the system to carry out User Nee League Table League name Team names Games played bgameshwoaahy each team Games lost by each Games drawn by each team Goals scored by each team Goals conceded by each team team Total of points gained by each team As we have the League Name we are ablel agsepsakatesthe that they are ordered into leagues This information will allow the system to carry out User Needs 1 6 and 15 Skylark Information System A J Shuttleworth Section Design of the System 3 1 DaMadelling Data modelling is the most importantg rbu distajmise application modelling are identifying entities and attributes BE and finally using the entities Important sta identifying the relationships attributes and relat melstihem sta p dhd y anan dhei tBR diagram can then be translated to the tables in the relational database 3 1 AEntities An entity iswartdadbject or concept that
53. o print out the details shown on the form Form 4 allows the user to enter results of games that have been played The user which to enter the results and will be produced withuths san c amp hefiiXeureteret hegsse the appropriate fixture Closing the form wilTeamdRtesalhke resifitellinficeures have played the user should be able to renew the league so that it startdf maimeor de database Form 5 can be used to create an entirely new league The league is created for a on the waiting list are entered into the league Once the league has been create and emn a fixture list is created for the league Forms 8 are again fairly similar in what they provide to the user The user can that are currently in a league view details of teams on the aidst ofg this treffet e bsi The details that are made available to the user include any contact details for contact with a team representative or a referee The form should allow the user specifmtrg can be located Form 9 can be used when a new team is recorded on the waiting list The user is into which the details are entered and theTvahsWaiategdteared in the Skylark Information System A J Shuttleworth 3 6 JAForm Hierarchy The dgram below illustrates the flow of the forms and how they are related in the type of actions the user can make Main Menu League amp Add Add Renew Add Team to Referee Delete T Waitina Details I eaae
54. ost any browser This is a benef we can t predict what browser our range of users will be using This will give a the page An ASP file can be created by iptlwdihtea urVBScript or Jscript in an HTML file ActiveX Data Object program statements in the HTML file Microsoft sa ideat it i ASP rather that t amp mddelEentipt becausesttle server nesultasily displayable HTML pag whereas the sidenscript may not work as intended on some of the older browsers 2 3 2Data Access Pages A data access page is a special type of Web page designed for viewing andoworking intranet The data that is accessible from these Web pages are stored in a Micro Microsoft SQL Server database The data access page can also include data from o Excel Data access pagmecmretdeim Microsoft Access however the page is a separat in some outside location with a shortcut to the file provided in the Database win similar to designing forms and reports dnit d iffersmues ignific Data access pages are connected directly to a database When users display the d Internet Explorer they are viewing their own copy of the page This means that to the waydatme is displayed affects only their copy of the page However any ch data itself are stored in the underlying database and are available for everyone The database that is the data souese fiageamdstaba on a shared server in order for view the page in a Web browser On
55. r may need to find a phone number for a particular team in a certain league or the waiting list A feature waetincluded in these forms gave the user the ability to perform a sea record i e finding a record using team name contact name or league name fields set of select boxes where foeldamistBeame N reedSwunl boshown pehes every team name from the records on the form to choose from entry is the form will return only th ffected record s to the user implement function written ins VWBunc hdn finds the value to search for k elect box c the form In the example code below the filter value is set to the team name tha the user The filter is then performed with the command dMeh amp ifitbr ned Valeds amre returned to the user Sub DoFilter Dim sFilter As String sFilter If Not IsNull FilterByTeamName Then sFilter TeamName amp amp FilterByTeamName amp End If Me Filter sFilter Me FilterOn True End Sub Skylark Information System A J Shuttleworth The next three forms were also very similar in the way they were created These fixtures view results and view league tables Before any of these forms can be performed on the relerams so that records for only the chosen league are returned options are choserfprm ssbopened with the list of leagues that are currently runni command button placed next to each league whea cedeceddyhahe form was opened with reco
56. r CreateObject A DODB Recordset objRS Open strQuery objConnection The next command then goes through each of the records in the record set outputti the league table Each record is output with a border to create th ffect of a While Not objRS EOF Response Write TR Response Write lt TD gt amp objRS TeamName amp lt TD gt amp lt TD gt amp objRS Played amp lt TD gt amp lt TD gt amp objRS Won amp lt TD gt amp lt TD gt amp objRS Drawn amp lt TD gt amp lt TD gt amp objRS Lost amp TD amp lt TD BGCOLOR yellow gt amp objRS Points amp TD Response Write lt TR gt objRS MoveNext Wend The league tables can be viewed idim Ass UR leeds ac uk Ssrees sasts of the Web page in actichosmeAppendix F Skylark Information System A J Shuttleworth Section System Testing This section documents the process of testing the final system Testing is regui system works and is used at key checkpoints in the overall procs dii wet drmauee wi been met The system must be subjected to performance tests using benchmarks th combination of work that attempts to imitate the kinds of thing the system will d Two types of testing will dre td mist emt white box testing and black box testing e White Box Testing concerned with testing the software product and will discc commission indicating any parts of the imple
57. r a certain number of weebsld TracHatheadast five results of a team a new table for the teams based on their form This information could then be g how well other teams have been doing over recent weeks Skylark Information System A J Shuttleworth Create Templates for mgrtBrEoffeation in the System Information in the database could be used to automatically create letters that ha be a renewal form where the team is written to to ask whether or not they wish t leam The team contact details could be retrieved from the system and sent strai example would be to track a team that hasn t shown up on the night to play Agai sent to an invoice letter the lxffeen ng team League Pricing Some of the leagues running at Benyon Park have different pricing plans This is run ofBak and others run at peak times Leagues entered during peak times are na Another field could be entered into the database to record how much it would cost This would help track how much the leagues are priced at i e how much they shou would be calculated usingr th tnmahs entered and will help give an idea of which le best business Use in Different Areas Due to the consistent and generic qualities implemented in the system it would b different sports henprmanage different sports like tennis and rugby During the opened a new centre in Huddersfield where this system could easily be implemented 7 3 Conclus
58. r to make sure correct data is Skylark Information System A J Shuttleworth Skylark Information System A J Shuttleworth 5 2 White Box Testing White Box testing was carried out by performing certain tasks that do weeth wheld e created system Various acceptance tests were carried out and cross referenced that all aspects of systems have been implemented Can the system add a team to the waiting list chose to Add Team goLWattifirom the main menu and then clicked on the Add Reco provided me with a new empty record to add the teams details to The details we and then processed This helps satisfy User Needs 1 7 and 1 3 Canthe system create a new league with fixtures for teams chose to Create New League from the main menu and chose to create the leagu a name for the league with the confirm button which then nadmnsit dhes tok six e teams were entered into the league and then the Create Fixtures button was clic league and thefkitkme of the games were then entered in the appropriate fields an number ofmsea The Create Fixtures was then pressed which automatically created were then viewed to make sure everything was processed correctly This helps sat Can results of a fixture be entered uptletehe hsy tegue table chose to Enter New Edit Results on the main menu and chose to enter results fi League Th
59. rds relating only to the chosen league The link is made using the code beloi def Command button perform the filter is ta gym Leagueldf the chosen leag stLinkCriteria LeaguelD amp Me LeaguelD DoCmd OpenForm Show Fixtures acNormal acEdit stLinkCriteria Each form layout was formatted so that the output was made viewable in the best w the details The user is then given the optionftxtbeeapleesolipriot r segue table r which can be used to distribute around the centre on notice boards or to the team played The details are printed using the following example code whi charshows ho is executed when the print button is selected Dim stLinkCriteria As String stLinkCriteria LeaguelD amp Me LeaguelD Dim stDocName As String stDocName ViewFixturesReport DoCmd OpenReport stDocName acNormal stLinkCriteria The linkiterion is again selediemusdDw aicheis then applied as a filter on the repc printing the fixtures The last line of the code opens and prints the report aut preview On the View Resumt amp heffield values for the goals scored by each team are not ena so that the user can t accidentally alter the results A form was also created so that the user could enter and drm respresent e before user where a league is chosen for the results to b ntered edited When opened of all fixtures and results for the chosen league which have been filtered from tl I
60. re Generation League Management Software 2 4 2Conclusions User Needs 2 5 JUser Needs 2 5 2User Neddat may possibly be Reguirements of the System Section Design of the System 3 1 Dafodelling l Entities 3 1 2Attributes 3 1 3Relationships Essential to the System implemented 7 o Skylark Information System A J Shuttleworth 3 1 AERDiagram 13 3 2 Database Design 14 3 2 4Database Schema table structure 14 3 2 2Data Definition 15 3 3 Normalisation 16 3 3 ADefinition of a superkey key and various notfral forms 3 3 2Normalisataf Data into 1NF 17 3 3 3Normalisation of Data into 2NF 19 3 3 ANormalisation of Data into 3NF 19 3 3 b5Normalisation of Data into BCNF 20 3 4 Integrity Constraints and Business Rules 21 3 4 4Validation Rules 21 3 4 21ntegrity Constraints 21 3 4 3Integrity Rules 21 3 4 ABusiness Rules 23 3 5 Query Design 24 3 6 Form Design 24 3 6 4Form Hierarchy 26 3 7 Human Computer Interaction 26 3 8 W lased Front End 21 Section Implementation of the System 28 4 1 Implementation of the Database 28 4 1 Implementing Tables 28 4 1 2Enforcing Relationships 28 4 1 3Implementing Database Constraints 30 4 14 Query Implementation 30 4 1 5Fixture Generation
61. ribes a set of new HTML tags and Toes athaBb developer with the capabilities to create a more animated Web page It can also make the Web page m interaction than previous versions of HTML allowed Examples of unique features provide are WBerelbur of a text heading changes when the mouse passes over it a is able to drag and drop an image to another place on a Web page These featur Web documents to look and act like desktop application The main problem to overcome when using dynamic HTML is that many users still use Therefore a Web developer must create two versions of each site so that the page Skylark Information System A J Shuttleworth browser can be returned DynamicreBTMbreegrogramming in Web pages purely because can address more elements of a page 2 2 3ActiveX Data Objects ActiveX Data Objects ADO is an application program interface from Microsoft tha writing Windows apn icBbigain access to a relational or nonrelational database th Microsoft and other database providers ADO will allow a user to write a program that would provide users of a Web site w database e g c m OraAccess database This would prove extremely useful if some from the system I will produce is to be made available over the Web ADO program an HTML file which is saved and recognised agen AWheveaSeser requests the page Web site the page sent back would include any appropr
62. rview of the Problem From the project objectives we know that a system will have to be created that al fixtures and update the lBagueh abdasue To begin with the existing system will I and then a plan will be produced to establish how current procedures can be impro User Needs Along with the user needs a set of ghmesib BA ssnhbncBnenissed and agree the end user Background research will then look into available programs simila implement and also what available tools are available to aid in tlseagempyie ion o form Section 2 of the report Because this is a database project a sound database should be designed concentr normalisation integrity checks and also theeddsapplofathenfpontided to the user usability in mind If the database is designed concisely the process of implemen the possibility of finding errors later in the project Design and Implementatioi and 4 of the reporterespe ndes the system has been created it should be subjected t before demonstrating to the end user 1 3 Scope of the Project The system should be developed to a high standard and should be creatacrking ensure system capable of creating and managing football leagues running at Benyon Park system in a generic nature so it could be possible to use in other centres if an Skylark Information System A J Shuttleworth Section Background ResearcAn lysis This section outlines the background research c
63. s the User Needs for now remuti medfubun lbow mey mere teams t entered into a league To solve this problem the best apgsnaadh neptal de thon dest creates a fixture list for any number of teams This caused me saedewa patkrems decided it would be too difficult to solve in the time remaining with all other concentrate on Another User Need was that new teams could be added to the waiting list The sys dothis as the entry can be done instantly straight onto a form which is then en Currently a team can only be added to the waiting list for one particular night play on a number of diffemedtwnibhtake the first available slot so providing for customers in the long run The customers could also indicate whether 5 amp sel wish tc times which has a factor on how much they would pay to play 7 2 Future Enhancements Many improvements to the system have beenSecnsageme dchncould be later implemented future versions Below are further examples of improvements that could help impr Create Cup Competitions Givindhe user the ability twf fraarecameetitions to run in between the league prog would allow the user to enter a number of teams and automatically protmseda set o format This would take anuvatdimityacf i aolved in different leagues Provide Statistics on Team Performances This feature would track the results for each team in a league to give an indicat performing ove
64. system created provides for each of the User Needs that were clearly set at tl well as incorporating nBbWafeampresed the functionality and usability of the syster The user can easily view the contact details of the teams and referees which was facility was then provided so that the user was akle ant 8a ned no s ea mdrtdmiileria relevant fields for instance team name This proved to be a very useful extra f end user was very pleased with However once the user has found th hery needec information directly from the screen This could create problems as copying the transcription errors It would probably be beneficial if the details could be pr Both the user and myself feel the systemmptoshddsmehhed for viewing fixtures res league tables These detailsujgami tie tmeksd ease and they ps v deuaewel yout in a comprehensible manner giving the user all the information they me amp dttimekaod for pitch number of a game These details are updated automatically when new results System and printouts can be taken within seconds of a game being finished so cop customers It is fwoltidibe hard to improve these aspects of the system The system provides the user with a simple and easy way to enter and edit results any given night at Benyon Park will be in charge of entereng thea thate s so fhea Dots Manager This means there are no problems with teams having incorrect scores ent tea
65. the ER model represents th entities that ahb same attributes Here ar identified entity Team League Fixture Pitch Day Teams on Waiting List Referee 1ovOr 0 hr 3 1 2Attributes entity can be divided into smal beld sss sns be spl st raptjoountswanebstdgdand k eyributes Here give a distinct value for each individual entity in the set associated attributes in the There are many kinds of attributes associated with the entities An entity type types that bel Each entity stated above has attributes associated withhetemrewhseh amp nedesopebei example that is the prelimii ER model based on Bketspat m6 reguirements TEAM Team ID Team Name Commegt AMldress Street City County Post Code Contact Number Plays In League Fixture LEAGUE League ID League Name Day Set Of Teams FIXTURE Fixture ID Pitch Number Match Time Date Teams Home Team Away Team Result 16 Skylark Information System A J Shuttleworth P ITCH Pitch Number D T AY Day ID Name of Day EAMS WAITING Team Name Contact Name Address Waiting Date REFEREE Referee ID Name Contact Number Works On Days 3 A relationship is any interaction that exists betw 13 Relationships types could now be identified 1 Ze 4 5 6
66. to creat is one that can create a brand new lea the 1 a new leagu i Forms CreateNewFixs MaxLeague i i 1 agu and is giveagt ei sptdobe ofl ahechonl When the day is chosen a form is oper Apply must first of all be created and then led the only option for theamesemtis the first DoCmd RunSQL INSERT INTO Leagues LeaguelD LeagueName Day VALUES amp i amp forms CreateNewFixs NameOfLeague forms CreateNewFixs DaylD MsgBox You have created a new league ID amp i amp action new league s button inserts thelLda gdabdetaslsgilhe thee above The max ID number is assigned the next mutloethe The c user is to enter the teams into the league i e they can t exit the form or ente are disabled The user enters each team with the relevant action button which e TeamstablehwdieaguelPalue set to the one just created User types in league name Create New League Enter the name of the league in the box a Confirms entry opposite then click on the action button of league Select teams from list below to be added to league then click below to create the fixtures for the league Jonathon Greening 16 Bantree Court Leeds West Yorkshire LS238YH 01132 663665 IE Y Enters team Alan Bent 233 Bradford Road Leeds west Yorkshire LS127YT 01132 854112 gt Charlies Angels Darren Kendal 133 Houghton Road Bradford West Yorkshire BD3 4RC 01274
67. tribute were removed from the left hand side of the dependencies with attributes then theedependencies would hold This means that each nonprime attri fully functionally dependant on the primary key TEAM FIXS 3 3 4Normalisation of Data into 3NF Third normal form is based on the concegtderfcyoreHeitiwetdepeitive dependency if t a set of attributes Z that is neither a candidate key nor a bast 5f Anydkey of According to Codd s original definition a relation schema Rdishah BNFnofiprt msati attribute of R is transitively dependent on the primary key If we had the follo TEAM TEA TEAM LEAGUE LEAGUE DAY NAME ID NAME Skylark Information System A J Shuttleworth The dependency TEAMOLBAGUE NAME is transitive through LEAGUE ID because the depen TEAM ID GLEAGUE ID and LEAGUE ID LEAGUE NAME both hold and LEAGUE ID is neither c key nor a subset of the key of TEAMS We can normalise this relation by decompos relations TEAM LEAGUE T LEAGUE DAY TEA TEAM LEAGUE NAME ID These are the relations that we have isedheomschaemal fwlch shows that there are no dependencies in the schema and that we have achieved 3NF 3 3 5Normalisation of Data into BCNF MM Boyc odd Normal Form was proposed as a simpler form of 3NF but was found to be b
68. ttributes inLemgthtalics TEAM Team ID AutoNumber Not Null Team Name Text 20 Not Null League ID Number long integer Not Null Contact Name Text 40 Not Null Street Name Text 50 Nu City Text 30 Nul County Text 20 Nul Postcode Text 9 Nul Contact Number Text 15 Not Nu LEAGUE League ID Number long integer Not Nu League Name Text 40 Not N Day Number integer Not Nu TEAM FIXS Team ID Number long integer Not Nu Fixture ID Number long integer Not Nu Goals Scored Number integer Nu Venue Text 2 Not Nu Won Number integer Nu Lost Number integer Nu Drawn Number integer Nu FIXTURES Fixture ID Number long integer Not Nu Pitch ID Number integer Not Nu Match Time Number long integer Not Nu Date Date Time shere d Not Nu PITCH Pitch Number Number integer Not Nu REFEREE Referee ID AutoNumber Not Nu Referee Name Text 40 Not Nu Contact Number Text 15 Not Nu Street Name Text 50 Null City Text 30 Nul County Text 20 Nul Postade Text 9 Nul REF DAY Referee ID Number long integer Not Null Day ID Number integer Not Null DAY Day ID AutoNumber Not Null Day Name Text 10 Not Null Skylark Information System A J Shuttleworth TEAMS WAITING Team Name Text 20 Not Null Contact Name Text 40 Not Null Street Name Text 50 Null City Text 30 Nu County Text 20 Nu Postcod
69. tures button is selected the teams chosen are shown to the u with text boxes where they ar xpected to enter valuesf fomehencdtaaw mate t amp dnrk fixturesoabe treated for Number of teams E selected from Create Fixtures For League pull down list To create fixtures for teams selected below enter start date and kick off times for match then click below Enter Start Date Rick E RET atchsticks User enters start date tters Crotch and kick off asement Crew time of league antasia matches lobal Beats Teams entered in league edface The Create Fixtures command button executes the fection dimirilesdktiar a whole fixture list for the league programme The benefits of these forms give the user nigbs fixtures When the league programme has finished the user can then renew Ol consummate ease It s essential that the user can perform these operations to r can play the week after tms dlihilstwwmhe This maximises income in the centre Skylark Information System A J Shuttleworth Another form that is reguired by the user list through a wtm containing the list of days teams on the waiting list that are wanting to play on that particular day day as criteria provides these records To create fixtures for a league league As certain buttons are disabl provided text box Clicking the Leaguelbs found and th Dim i As Integer The user chooses

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