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GGU-SETTLE - Index of

1. Calculate settlement at layer base 1 Settlement of individual laper Laver no C Calculate settlement of layer 1 Influence distance m ROO OO Info With vibrodisplacement compaction Layer na Use kappa comrection coefficients DIN 4015 Cancel Calculate settlement at given depth This is usually the standard case together with a depth of 0 0 m settlement at the ground level As the area of the foundation is indeformable the settlement at the foundation base including for foundations with the base below the ground level will be calculated If a set tlement depth gt 0 0 is entered the settlement at this depth will be calculated GGU SETTLE User Manual Page 20 of 108 August 2014 e Calculate settlement at layer base As the layers need not necessarily be horizontally arranged you have the possibility with this calculation method of following the influence of settlements at certain layer bounda ries To do this activate this check box and enter the layer number e Calculate settlement of a layer Quite often the deformation component of an individual layer is of interest To do this ac tivate this check box and enter the layer number e In the lower part of the dialogue box you can define a so called influence distance The in fluence of a foundation on the current settlement value will only be calculated if the dis tance to the foundation centre is smaller
2. GGU SETTLE User Manual Page 18 of 108 August 2014 Contours Base of layer 2 x Contour data Minimum value 3200 Maximum value 5 000 0 2000 Smoothing Method Method 2 Separation Intensity Strong ag Further preferences Cancel Old values In the upper part of the dialogue box you can influence the number of contour lines with the input after Separation If desired change to a different smoothing out procedure After exiting the box using OK the lines of equal layer base elevation are visualised on the screen 6 2 9 Specify limiting depth Calculating rectangular foundations the program can determine the limiting depth using three different procedures Select the menu item System Limiting depth Limiting depth preferences x Frofile base Limiting depth profile base b C Limiting depth b i 2 000 Always use the shorter side ps Limiting depth at p pm 20 0 W limiting depth for all foundations Max distance for 7 limiting depth m FOO 00 Subtract local excavation unloading from foundation stress Global preload stress kN re 0 00 Cancel Info e Limiting depth profile base The settlements are calculated to the base of the defined soil profile GGU SETTLE User Manual Page 19 of 108 August 2014 Limiting depth x b The settlements are calculated to a depth of x foundation width but not deep
3. GGU SETTLE User Manual Page 22 of 108 August 2014 6 2 12 Calculate user defined settlements With user defined settlements we mean analysis of settlements at any point inside or outside of the foundations The position of these points is not restricted to the foundation geometry They can be user specified in a variety of ways If you are completely uninterested in the settlements at the special foundation points you can go directly to the Evaluation and Special menus to calculate and display user defined settle ments e Evaluation Settlements at points menu item With the mouse you can click on any point within the system The calculated settlements will then be graphically displayed e Evaluation Settlements on a line menu item With the mouse you click on two points start and end points of a line The settlement along this line will then be calculated at constant intervals If after calculations are com plete you switch to the Evaluation Automatic multi node section menu item see Section 8 7 13 you can display the settlement depression for the system section e Evaluation Settlements in quadrilateral array menu item You click on the four points of a quadrilateral The program then calculates the settlement in a regular array within this quadrilateral This function is especially useful in connection with the Evaluation Settlement contours menu item see Section 8 7 3 as you have with settlements calculated in a
4. e Clipboard The graphics are copied to the WINDOWS clipboard From there they can be imported in to other WINDOWS programs for further processing e g into a word processor In order to import into any other WINDOWS program you must generally use the Edit Paste function of the respective application e Metafile allows output of the graphics to a file in order to be further processed with third party soft ware Output is in the standardised EMF format Enhanced Metafile format Use of the Metafile format guarantees the best possible quality when transferring graphics If you select the Copy print area tool from the toolbar you can copy parts of the graphics to the clipboard or save them to an EMF file Alternatively you can send the marked area directly to your printer Using the Mini CAD program module you can also import EMF files generated us ing other GGU applications into your graphics GGU SETTLE User Manual Page 39 of 108 August 2014 e MiniCAD allows export of the graphics to a file in order to enable importing to different GGU appli cations with the Mini CAD module e GGUMiniCAD allows export of the graphics to a file in order to enable processing in the GGUMiniCAD program e Cancel Printing is cancelled 8 1 8 Batch print menu item If you would like to print several annexes at once select this menu item You will see the follow ing dialogue box x Printer Cancel Add Delete all
5. e Fora given excavation unloading the constrained modulus for reloading can be considered for the resulting reloading e Limiting depth calculation via x of the overburden stress or via a multiple of the founda tion width or as fixed value e Generation of footing foundations circular foundations and annular foundations e Calculation and presentation of settlement depressions e Calculation and presentation of stress distributions also as contour plan stress bulb e Calculation and presentation of lines of equal settlements in plan and in any desired vertical section e Presentation of calculation results in tables e Presentation of a legend with soil properties e Presentation of a legend with general information on the basis for calculations e Mini CAD system for free labelling and drawing of graphical elements in the output sheet e Free definition of page size GGU SETTLE User Manual Page 8 of 108 August 2014 3 Licence protection and installation In order to guarantee a high degree of quality a hardware based copy protection system is used for the GGU SETTLE program The GGU software protected by the CodeMeter copy protection system is only available in conjunction with the CodeMeter stick copy protection component hardware for connection to the PC CM stick Because of the way the system is configured the protected software can only be operated with the corresponding CM stick This creates a fixed link betw
6. 63 Foundation settlements calculate for rectangular foundations cccccceeeeeeeeees 22 GGU SETTLE User Manual Page 106 of 108 Foundation settlements calculate for triangular foundations cccceeceeeeeeeeees 28 Foundation stresses visualise as contours in rectangular foundations 58 Foundation stresses visualise as contours in triangular foundations cccceceeeeeeees 69 Foundations edit pen colour and width 90 Foundations generate as footings in a row 59 Fonction Key S ccccniea steers earner E 103 General page informations integrate via Mini CAD i cstchs chastoiusitarcodeubsceetlieaveaseues 91 GGUCAD file CX OPE iiciuccicdariesintantavecedaranccdeeds 39 GGU CONSOLIDATE file export 89 GGUMiniCAD file export eens 40 GGU SLAB file expotta cerniere 50 Graphics integrate via Mini CAD 91 Grundbau Taschenbuch ccce ccc ceeecceeeceeeees 30 Header CAD US iccieeiii Galo ck oe iss 91 Header Output table mesons 35 Import constrained mod mesh from GGUsS LAB sorria i eaten eats 50 Influence distance activate for settlement LEBL E AAEE T A 21 Instala Oneka 9 Integration after Romberg enter Precisio Me nriennn en ina 28 72 Knowledge Base access ccccccceceeeeeeeeeeeees 99 L Labelling table activate for section 85 Language settings ssssseseeeeeeeeeeeeeeeees 9
7. Settlement es Contour data Value minimum E 464A Value masimum 1 4704 Determine extreme values Colour fill Wall colour E Colour 1 Colour 2 No of colours 0 gt white E M Change colour series Further preferences Labelling preferences Iw With mesh M With walls With surrounding cube Shade from colour 1 to colour 2 Cancel You can also specify whether an enclosing cube should be displayed in some cases this improves the 3D effect The Shade from colour 1 to colour 2 check box represents a bit of a special effect If this check box is activated a light source is simulated in the region of the eye The angle between the light beam and the respective 3D surface represents a measure of the reflection The area is Shaded in accordance with colours and 2 A good choice of colours for example would be dark grey for colour and pale grey for colour 2 After confirming by pressing OK 3D graphics are displayed Parallel to this a pop up menu opens at the bottom left its functions allow the graphics to be rotated see menu item Graphics preferences 3D toolbar Section 8 9 7 GGU SETTLE User Manual Page 79 of 108 August 2014 8 7 4 8 7 5 Subgrade reaction contours menu item This menu item allows the presentation of the subgrade reaction moduli from calculated settle ments in an contour plan Further the program creates a triangle mesh from al
8. This menu item allows presenting contours as a three dimensional image in a rectangular array In the following dialogue box you can define the array by selecting the number of x and y subdivi sions plates 3D graphics rectangular array for Settlement amin smar 4 000 7 17 000 ymin ymas 8 000 18 000 Number of plates in x ia Number of plates im y ia Cancel The program interpolates the settlement values to be represented at the array points from the un derlying triangle mesh After leaving the dialogue box by pressing OK you will see the follow ing box 30 preferences for Settlement Position of eye x q 6428 Position of eye y 4 1447 Position of eye z 3 5205 Type of projection Ww Perspective Parallel ero level of system F 4694 Cancel Old values Here select the point of observation position of the eye in x y and z coordinates the type of projection and the zero level of the 3D presentation The settlements are displayed above and below the zero level z ordinate in three dimensions The program will generally make sensible suggestions for the input values in the dialogue box so you will not normally need to make altera tions After leaving the dialogue box by pressing OK you will see the following dialogue box It greatly resembles the box shown in the Evaluation Coloured contours menu item see Sec tion 8 7 3 3 GGU SETTLE User Manual Page 78 of 108 August 2014
9. After clicking the menu item or activation using F3 a message box opens After double clicking near the node to be edited you can change the depth of the layer base Layers at point no 3 x Far Back Cancel Load Apply to all Save No Base m b GL gam kNere Es MNfre 9 Est MNAre 9 Designation 1 20 1800 12 00 30 00 Silt 2 500 10 00 45 00 110 00 Sand 3 1500 11 00 6 00 15 00 Clay silty 8 2 5 Determine layer depths menu item Have the constrained modulus profile displayed for any point within the triangle mesh Click the required point after selecting this menu item or activation via F7 The results for the selected point are then displayed in a dialogue box xi Forw Back Mo Base mb AL gam kN n Es MN fmf Eslr MN nr 2 00 18 00 12 00 30 00 2 4 59 10 00 45 00 110 00 3 15 00 11 00 6 00 15 00 GGU SETTLE User Manual Page 44 of 108 August 2014 8 2 6 Duplicate layer menu item Sometimes it is necessary to duplicate a layer into an existing system Using the previously de scribed menu items this is strenuous Duplicate layer x By duplicating a layer you can define a new laper Enter the number of the layer to be duplicated 3 layers are present Layer noa gt i Cancel A new layer can be defined by partitioning an existing layer The depth range of the selected layer is divided into 2 new layers with the same depth The final depth of the constrain
10. M with triangular foundations Show which values at nodes Stresses hi Cancel Beside the stresses the excavation unloading the foundation bases or the limiting depths can be visualised as contours Choose between normal line coloured or 3D visualisation If the With triangular foundations check box is activated the foundation mesh is also visualised The val ues given in the option box are entered at the foundation nodes Details of contour visualisation normal coloured 3D can be found in the menu item Evalua tion Settlement contours see Section 8 7 3 in the respective sub sections 8 5 20 Test mesh menu item By activating this menu item the foundation mesh will be investigated with reference to overlap ping of individual triangles GGU SETTLE User Manual Page 69 of 108 August 2014 8 5 21 Generate foundations menu item It is possible to automatically generate foundations First select the required type of foundation in the following dialogue box Generate foundations x Type of foundation Circular foundation Elliptical foundation Annular foundation Foundations if a row Rectangle foundation Cancel In contrast to the automatic generation of rectangular foundations the variously shaped founda tions are configured using triangular foundations for this menu item In this way it is possible to model the shape and loading of a foundation much more easily The Rectangular foundati
11. New menu item You can enter a new system using this menu item You will first be asked whether rectangular or triangular foundations are to be generated Type of foundation i x Type of foundation f Rectangular foundations Triangular foundations With vibrodisplacement compaction Cancel The Triangular foundations option allows you to calculate settlements and stresses below a flexible foundation of any shape and linear loading By combining the triangular foundations in mosaic like manner any type of load with reference to ground plan and load size can be easily modelled After selecting this menu item the Triangular foundations menu appears instead of the usual Foundations menu see Section 8 5 Existing soil stratification constrained modulus profiles and foundations can be transferred when changing from rectangular to triangular foundations but when changing from triangular to rectan gular foundations only the soil stratification Activate vibrodisplacement compaction adoption after Priebe Heinz J Priebe Die Bemessung von Riittelstopfverdichtung Ground Engineering December 1995 using the With vibrodis placement compaction check box Load menu item You can load a file with system data which was created and saved at a previous sitting and then edit the data Save menu item You can save data entered or edited during program use to a file in order to have them available at a later date
12. menu item eeeeeeeesceesseeessrreesrersseees 8 3 3 Moye nodes menu Men asescar iee r 8 3 4 Edit nodes individually menu item 00sssooeeeeeeeesssssssssseee 8 3 5 Generate nodes in array menu item sssseoeoeeeeeesssssssssseee 8 3 0 Manual mesh ment temos aiecicstortersseetecssteranivieoriecastardenins 8 3 7 Automatic menu teM 20 0 rao n n na 8 30 Rondo Meni tem a deeds oad sao canes 8 3 9 Delete nodes and mesh menu item cc ceeeccccceeeeeeeeeeeeees 8 3 10 Auto node and mesh menu item ccceeeeeseecceeeeeeeeeeeeees 8 3 11 Refine individual elements menu item ccececeeeeeeeeeeeees 8 3 12 Refine elements in section Menu item ccceeeseeeeeeeeeeees 89 13 Refine all elements Men Wem iscssvesessassecszcsevsvarsiiedecdsavssseeanes 8 314 SAVE Load Menu feni susesi s one RAED 6 3 19 Refinement Me thodSicicivicicvcivenseiorareviwaverseanvecseacseeieeescarn SA FFOUNGAMONS Meee E E A Oak Denne Ment EM esrrsrinn t rena 8 4 1 1 Create select foundations oossoooenennssseeeeennssssseeeesssse 8 4 1 2 Operations on selected foundation ccc eeeeeeseseeeeeeeees Srk Eo Edit DASE datieren irie AEN 8 4 2 Determine graphically menu item eeeesssssssssseeseeeeerssssssss 8 4 3 Values for all foundations menu 1t M eee ceccc cess eeeeeeeees 8 4 4 Results menu item 00 cece cccccsssssseeececeeeaessseecceeeseee
13. 101 Layout output sheet escia 98 Layout output table eeeseessessessssssoeeeeeess 35 Legend system properties ccccecceeseeeeeees 93 licence Protection oriei 9 Limiting depth calculation possibilities 31 Limiting depth specify for rectangular POUNGAU ONS eissien ieee E EEN 19 Limiting depth specify for triangular foundation S oaeeo eane ee an oris 27 Manual open as PDF file cccccsssseeeeees 99 Metatile Ox POE i Acsiece certs duced guddeudcesuontdd 39 Mine CAD Tile Cx POU eens 40 Mini CAD objects display behind Syste nr ora INOS eeni 73 Mint CAD Uea ar e tan 91 Mouse click functions 103 Mouse wheel functions cceceseeeeseeeeeeeseeeenss 102 August 2014 N Navigation output table 0 0 0 eeeeeeeeee 91 nu deactivate display in legend eee 94 O Output sheet alter position size of individual objects using MOUSE 066 95 Output table as ASCII cccscsseeeeeeeeeees 37 Output table as graphics cccecceeeeeeeeeeeeees 35 Output table navigation ccccseeeeeeeeeeeees 36 Output table select the output format 34 Output table switch to system graphics 91 Overburden stress cccseceecceeeeeeeeee 20 27 31 Page format define asnan 98 Page Marois delite cencia 98 Page margins switch on off eee 73 Page margins switch on off cesses 98 Page sec
14. Constrained mod mesh define delete D elements via mouse CLICK cceeeeeeeeeeeeee 48 l Constrained mod mesh define delete Delauney triangulation E EET TE en 48 66 nodes via mouse click seesescseseesereeerseen 46 Delete all user defined settlements points 81 Constrained mod mesh delete all nodes Delete individual constrained mod profiles BAL AGRA cos sncacershecr sce E Ag W1 APC CILOR poniai iae aaie aai 46 Constrained mod mesh delete elements Delete air T mod profiles m atoma esasen aan 48 VIU MOUSE CICA eei she epee Constrained mod mesh edit individual node 47 aia sneha elements of constrained iis Constrained mod mesh generate MOUS MESH candle cedures ant lueelastariage cise enseeserede teees AULOMIAM CANTY scarna 48 Delete individual foundation nodes via Constrained mod mesh move individual editor sssenensenenscsonsesoneseses seeseseeeensens ase iaag 63 node via mouse CliCK eseeeecerrrern 46 Delete individual nodes via mouse click 62 Constrained mod mesh refine a number Delete individual triangle foundation BES CACTUS S coche ean tee con ceca duchies 50 elements 00 sesenessenessenessenensencasencnscaee 66 Constrained mod mesh refine all elements 50 Delete several constrained mod mesh Constrained mod mesh refine individual elements ssesensenensesenscsenscsensssenessee 48 CIEMNE Sanieren dearer nec tedeoutieth eae 49 Delete peel al foundation mesh
15. Subtract excavation unloading allows you to select calculations with or without excavation unloading With Max plot value you specify the presentation of the foundation stress in section You can specify whether the soil stratification is to be shown If the Layers coloured check box is activated the soil layers will be colour filled in accordance with the specified soil colours see menu item Evaluation Preferences Section 8 7 1 With Foun dation colour you define the colour with which it will be filled when the With foundations check box is activated Using the Labelling check box you can have the stress distribution la belled With the Depth increment value you define the vertical spacing for stress calculations Very small value mean especially long calculation times Very large values can lead to an un round stress course If the specified section is required again later for further evaluations you can save this section to a file and reload it again later using the above shown dialogue box After leaving the dialogue box via the Display button the program displays the stress distribution A location sketch is automatically displayed on the screen showing the system outline and the defined section This section course legend is activated by default but can be deactivated in the Graphics preferences Section course legend menu item see Section 8 9 10 8 8 6 Display section course stress section menu item The locat
16. e Limiting depth x b The settlements are calculated to a depth of x foundation width but not deeper than the profile base e Limiting depth at p The settlements are calculated to a depth at which the overburden stress p from the soil weight corresponds to the foundation stress The last possibility is also described in DIN 4019 see at http www din de Here a percentage value p of 20 is given This is the program default value If you have selected this type of limit ing depth calculation the program calculates the overburden stress due to the soil weight for each foundation and compares this value to the average stress due to the foundation load at the charac teristic point The depth distribution of the unit weights for analysis of the overburden stress is determined in the foundation centre Any excavation unloading for the foundation can be sub tracted from the foundation stress which the usual case For settlement analyses only the stress from the foundation base to the limiting depth will be considered Thus for all points outside of the foundation the limiting depth of the appropriate foundation is valid Figure 3 shows in a vertical section how the settlements of a point A are composed if two foundations are defined Foundation 1 TOINE Foundation 2 Limiting depth Figure 3 Influence of limiting depth on settlements GGU SETTLE User Manual Page 31 of 108 August 2014 If you divide a foundation into
17. or to archive them The data is saved without prompting with the name of the current file GGU SETTLE User Manual Page 33 of 108 August 2014 8 1 4 Save as menu item You can save data entered during program use to an existing file or to a new file 1 e using a new file name For reasons of clarity it makes sense to use fda as file suffix as this is the suffix used in the file requester box for the menu item File Load If you choose not to enter an exten sion when saving fda will be used automatically 8 1 5 Print output table menu item 8 1 5 1 Selecting the output format You can have a table printed containing the current analysis results The results can be sent to the printer or to a file e g for further editing in a word processor The output contains all informa tion on the current state of analysis including the system data You have the option of designing and printing the output table as an annex to your report within the GGU SETTLE program To do this select Output as graphics from the following options Select output x Select output Output as ASCII Cancel If you prefer to easily print or process the data in a different application you can send them di rectly to the printer or save them to a file using the Output as ASCII command button GGU SETTLE User Manual Page 34 of 108 August 2014 8 1 5 2 Button Output as graphics If you selected the Output as graphics button in the prev
18. the triangle mesh you can place the foundations within this mesh During the following calcula tions the program determines the valid constrained modulus profile from linear interpolation within the triangle concerned Even after calculations are complete or after placing the founda tions the triangle mesh can be edited or supplemented In order to secure a sensible interpolation within the constrained modulus profile mesh it is neces sary for all nodes to have the same number of layers and for all layers to have the same con strained modulus within the mesh The thickness of the layers however can be varied If your system has areas in which certain soil layers are not present e g peat lenses only in certain areas then simply assign these layers a thickness of 0 at the appropriate nodes As from personal experience the reading of user manuals is a chore there will now follow a short description of the main program functions using the following worked examples After studying these sections you will be in a position to carry out calculations with the GGU SETTLE program You can take the details of the program from the following chapters 6 2 Analysis of rectangular foundations 6 2 1 System data For example you know the constrained modulus profile of 5 boreholes BP 1 to BP 5 from field investigations The boreholes have the following coordinates mer 00 a0 Cm o Table 1 Borehole coordinates GGU SETTLE User Man
19. 0 7 UNO Mena IEN orori thse AE E A AEE E 72 000 Restore mMenu TEC IN aore e a TE E NAET E NEONA TZ 10 9 PECLELENCES Menik e Tinga i nud daceapeatadendentawmbaiter aeeieactapats 12 S Evyauation MeNe E 73 SA Preferences menu MeMo s nonae a E A EA Cacti ous NENN 73 8 7 2 Settlement location display options menu item 2 0 0 0 ccccccccccsssessseeeseseeeeeeeees 74 Sl Settlement contours MENU MeNi cersetori E S 75 8 7 3 1 General information on representation of contour lines ssseeeeeeeees 75 Shka 2 A ommal settlement CONlOUIS merer etar AE OAA 76 8 7 3 3 Coloured settlement Contours ccccccccsssseeecccceceeeeeeeecceeesaaeeeeeecesesaaaaneeeees 71 Shade SD Setlemient Contours sa e t EE A 78 8 7 4 Subgrade reaction contours menu item sssesseeeereessssssssssssssettrrresssssssssssseee 80 8 7 5 Settlements at points menu item ssesssssssssssseeeetrreresssssssssssseecerrreressssssssssees 80 8 70 Settlements ona hine menu item eiaaisirei Anra a EE 81l GGU SETTLE User Manual Page 4 of 108 August 2014 8 7 7 Settlements in quadrilateral array menu item ccecccccececeeeeeeeeeeeseeeeseeeeeeeees 81 8 7 8 Delete user defined points menu item ccc eeeeeeesseeeeeeceeeeeeeeeeaeaeseeeseseeseeeeeess 81 Si Save Settlement pons MENi TCM ieran tba genuatcatendanibensweaniuatastaniis 81 8 7 10 Load settlement points MENU ICM nat t 81 6 711 Differential S
20. 108 August 2014 1 Preface The GGU SETTLE program allows analysis of foundation settlements including mutual influ ence using rectangular or triangular foundations The stress course at the foundation base is line arly variable in all directions Settlement depressions lines of equal settlement stress distribution etc can be calculated and presented The influence of vibrodisplacement compaction after Priebe can be investigated The use of triangular foundations is always of advantage if the load geometry cannot be described in a satisfactory manner using rectangular foundations This is advisable for settlement analyses of e g the following systems e circular foundations e annular foundations e loading e g for a landfill which is extremely difficult to model with rectangular foundations e cone shaped loading figures The theoretical principles are taken from the Grundbautaschenbuch Foundation Engineering Pocketbook 1990 Volume 1 Further information on the subject of triangular foundations can be found in the following article which is available currently in German to be translated at a later date through our distributor e Dr Johann Bub Setzungen und Spannungen unter Dreiecksfundamenten Settlements and Stresses below Triangular Foundations Geotechnik 22 1999 No 1 Data input is in accordance with conventional WINDOWS operations and can therefore be learned almost entirely without the use of a manual Gr
21. Manual mesh and clicking on the three nodes of the triangle If a triangle mesh is already present you will be asked before triangulation begins 1f the current mesh is to be deleted Only in exceptional cases should you select Supplement as triangulation fol lows certain laws which may not allow sensible complementing of a current partial mesh For the example select the Mesh Automatic menu item GGU SETTLE User Manual Page 16 of 108 August 2014 6 2 7 Define rectangular foundations After defining the constrained modulus profile distribution throughout the triangle mesh you can enter the foundations For this select the menu item Foundations Define Foundations x Foundation editor Hew Fi In the dialogue box shown the first foundation F1 button is already entered Click the New button You will then see the following dialogue box i 86x Editor for Edit base data Delete foundation View results Print results Duplicate foundation After clicking the Edit base data button the data for the second foundation can be edited in accordance with Table 4 Descriptions of the remaining buttons can be found in Section 8 4 1 Foundation no 2 x Foundation designation F2 Foundation base m b GL 0 800 Info Excavation unloading kM r 0 000 Automatic Foundation coordinates in m left 14 000 y bottom 8 000 Length 3 000 Yt ith 3 000 Gradient 0 000 S
22. allowing it to be edited 9 2 Function keys Some of the function keys are assigned program functions The allocations are noted after the corresponding menu items The individual function key allocations are e Esc refreshes the screen contents and sets the screen back to the given format This is useful if for example you have used the zoom function to display parts of the screen and would like to quickly return to a complete overview e F1 opens the manual file e F2 refreshes the screen without altering the current magnification e F3 opens the menu item Soils Edit layer depths e F4 opens the menu item System Limiting depth e F5 opens the menu item System Analyse e F6 opens the menu item System Analysis options e F7 opens the menu item Soils Determine layer depths e F8 opens the menu item Triangular Foundations Check foundations e F9 activates the menu item Page size margins Auto resize e F11 activates the menu item Graphics preferences Move objects GGU SETTLE User Manual Page 103 of 108 August 2014 9 3 Copy print area icon A dialog box opens when the Copy print area icon in the menu toolbar is clicked de scribing the options available for this function For example using this icon it is possible to either copy areas of the screen graphics and paste them into the report or send them directly to a printer In the dialog box first select where the copied area should
23. be transferred to Clipboard File or Printer The cursor is displayed as a cross after leaving the dialog box and keeping the left mouse button pressed the required area may be enclosed If the marked area does not suit your requirements abort the subsequent boxes and restart the function by clicking the icon again If Clipboard was selected move to the MS Word document for example after marking the area and paste the copied graphics using Edit Paste If File was selected the following dialog box opens once the area has been defined x File C Program Files 86 S4 GU S ottwares4GU SETTLE S lrmagell ert generated Rename Delete The default location of the file is the folder from which the program is started and if several files are created the file is given the file name Image0 emf with sequential numbering If the Rename button in the dialog box is clicked a file selector box opens and the copied area can be saved under a different name in a user defined folder Saving can be aborted by pressing the De lete button If the Printer button was pressed in the first dialog box a dialog box for defining the printer settings opens after marking the area Following this a dialog box for defining the image output settings opens After confirming the settings the defined area is output to the selected printer GGU SETTLE User Manual Page 104 of 108 August 2014 10 Index Constrained mod profiles de
24. can then delete the scanned graphics from the presentation GGU SETTLE User Manual Page 55 of 108 August 2014 8 4 3 Values for all foundations menu item Using this menu item it is possible to specify certain foundation data globally for all foundations After clicking on it the following dialogue box appears alues for all foundations or default values i x Default values for new foundations mouse Foundation base m 0 000 Apply to all Excavation Unloading kM re 0 000 Apply to all Excavation unloading automatic Stresses kM frre Top left 200 000 Apply to all Top right 200 000 Apply to all Bottom lett 200 000 Apply to all Standardize all Default values Cancel The following input data can be globally specified e foundations base e excavation unloading e corner stresses of the foundations An Apply to all button follows each input box By clicking any button the respective data is adopted for all foundations You then return to the above dialogue box and can edit further data or exit the box via the Cancel button The Apply to all button adopts all data for all foundations The dialogue box is closed automatically after this button is clicked The values entered above are saved as default values by pressing the Default values button These default values are adopted as the basic data for graphically generated foundations see Sec tion 8 4 2 and for foundatio
25. depth profile base pi f Limiting depth at p P 20 0 M 2 limiting depth for all foundations Max distance for limiting depth m FOU OU Subtract local excavation unloading from foundation stress Global preload stress EMF 0 00 Cancel Info Limiting depth profile base The settlements are calculated to the base of the defined soil profile Limiting depth at p The settlements are calculated to a depth at which the overburden stress p from the soil weight corresponds to the foundation stress but not deeper than the profile base If founda tions are close to one another e g with circular foundations you should additionally ac tivate the limiting depth for all foundations check box as otherwise too shallow limiting depths will be calculated When determining the limiting depth with p any ex cavation unloading for the foundation concerned can be subtracted from the average foun dation stress which usually makes sense More information on excavation unloading and global preload stress can be had by clicking on the Info button in the above dialogue box The limiting depth will be calculated in the centre of the rectangular foundation If the settlement is to be calculated outside of the foundation concerned the limiting depth of the foundation which creates the settlement stress is also valid Stresses above the foundation base generate tensional stresses and will
26. following mouse wheel functions are available Change system graphics new values can be checked in Page size margins Manual resize editor e Ctrl mouse wheel up enlarge system graphics change of scale e Ctrl mouse wheel down shrink system graphics change of scale e Shift mouse wheel up move system graphics up change in image coordinates e Shift mouse wheel down move system graphics down change in image coordinates e Shift Ctrl mouse wheel up move system graphics right change in image coordinates e Shift Ctrl mouse wheel down move system graphics left change in image coordinates Change screen coordinates e Mouse wheel up move screen image up e Mouse wheel down move screen image down e Alt Ctrl mouse wheel up enlarge screen image zoom in e Alt Ctrl mouse wheel down shrink screen image zoom out e Alt Shift mouse wheel up move screen image right e Alt Shift mouse wheel down move screen image left GGU SETTLE User Manual Page 102 of 108 August 2014 If you click the right mouse button anywhere on the screen a context menu containing the princi pal menu items opens Layers Default layer depths Define Foundations Check Foundations Analyse Preferences Settlement depression By double clicking the left mouse button on legends or Mini CAD objects the editor for the se lected element immediately opens
27. identification entered see Section 8 6 2 will also be shown in the general legend After going to the menu item Foundations Check foundations or Triangular founda tions Check foundations the abbreviations used in the graphics are also explained in the legend see Section 8 4 5 or Section 8 5 18 GGU SETTLE User Manual Page 93 of 108 August 2014 8 9 9 Soil properties legend menu item A soil properties legend is shown on the screen when you activate the Show legend switch The format and appearance of the legend can be altered using this menu item The following dialogue box can also be accessed by double clicking in the legend box xi M Show legend mm Aste y mm 202 22 Font size mm a5 Automatic colours Show Poisson s ratio iY Explanation of vibrodizplacement compaction Soll colours Cancel You can define and edit the position of the legend using the values x and y The size of the legend is controlled by the values for Font size The fastest way to modify the position of the legend is to press the F11 function key and then to pull the legend to the new position with the left mouse button pressed If you deactivate the Automatic colours check box the soil colours will be selected according to your individual preferences which you can edit using the Soil colours button Poisson s ratio can be switched off in the legend for example if Poisson s ratio nu 0 0 for all soils see S
28. moments in x and y direction are defined If base tilt oc curs a foundation correspondingly reduced in size will be generated GGU SETTLE User Manual Page 70 of 108 August 2014 8 6 System menu 8 6 1 Info menu item The following system information e g appears PS lx 4 triangular foundations with 8 triangle nodes Constrained modulus mesh wath 4 triangles and F nodes An analysis can be cancelled at any tine by pressing the right mouse button 8 6 2 Project identification menu item You can enter a description of the current system this will then be used in the General legend see Section 8 9 8 8 6 3 Limiting depth menu item The program can determine the limiting depth using 2 or 3 different procedures depending on the type of foundation used The methods were described in detail in the brief introduction see Ana lysis of rectangular foundations Specify limiting depth in Section 6 2 9 and Analysis of tri angular foundations Specify limiting depth in Section 6 3 4 8 6 4 Analysis options menu item Use this menu item to define the type of settlement to be analysed Three different fundamental options exist which were described in detail in the brief introduction under Analysis of rectan gular foundations Specify type of settlement analysis see Section 6 2 10 GGU SETTLE User Manual Page 71 of 108 August 2014 8 6 5 Analyse menu item Analysis of foundation settlements is started vi
29. not smooth As a linear method is implemented within the triangle elements this will provide analysis results without smoothing performed by the program e Method 1 and Method 2 these smoothing out procedures employ two different Bezier splines Smoothing out inten sities can be given for both in order to acquire smooth contour lines Method 2 creates very round contours with the danger that the true results may be falsified You can specify the type of visualisation for the contour lines by means of the Further prefer ences button e g system boundaries triangle mesh contour labelling font size etc If your preferences are confirmed by pressing OK the contours are displayed on the screen The colour and pen width defined in Graphics preferences Pen colour and width is used If the contours are to be visualised in a different colour or pen width they can be edited in this menu item see Section 8 9 3 GGU SETTLE User Manual Page 76 of 108 August 2014 8 7 3 3 Coloured settlement contours In analogy to the previous section colour filled contours can also be created The following dia logue box appears Settlement in Colour x Contour data Minimunn value 1 4704 Maximum value b b22 Determine extreme values Colour till E Colour 1 Colour 2 No of colours he M Change colour series Further preferences Also show Mesh Wo Outline Lines Labelling preferences Can
30. several smaller sub foundations you should according to theory get the same settlement values However a problem then occurs when calculating limiting depths The limiting depths of the sub foundations is smaller due to the smaller widths Because of the differing limiting depths you will also get different settlement val ues To solve this contradiction the GGU SETTLE program offers the possibility of calcu lating the limiting depth from the stress distribution of all foundations see Section 6 2 9 If you select this possibility the stress distribution at the characteristic point is calculated from the stresses of all foundations In this case you will get larger settlements and de pending on the system more appropriate results 7 4 Excavation unloading and constrained modulus for reloading You can define excavation unloading for each foundation The excavation unloading has the same dimensions as the foundation stress kN m It is constant for each foundation If you have de fined an excavation unloading settlement analyses will be carried out to this value using the con strained modulus for reloading Excavation unloading Stress at the foundation base Calculated settlement Figure 4 Excavation unloading and constrained modulus Figure 4 shows the settlements computed for this particular case GGU SETTLE User Manual Page 32 of 108 August 2014 8 Description of menu items 8 1 8 1 1 File menu
31. the Load button you can load a previously saved depth distribution Using Save you can save the current depth distribution to a file in order to have them available later without re newed input If you select the Apply to all button all current triangle nodes will be assigned these depths Using the Cancel button you may leave the dialogue box without accepting the alterations You can also leave the dialogue box with Done Any changes will be accepted GGU SETTLE User Manual Page 42 of 108 August 2014 8 2 3 Layer base contours menu item This menu item serves as a check for the layer depth input data The following dialogue box ap pears where you enter the number of the layer for which you would like to see a contour diagram of the base CT x Which of the 3 layer bases as contours Layer noa 2 W Coloured Cancel If you activate the Coloured check box you will see a colour filled contour diagram Otherwise a normal contour diagram will be drawn also see Section 8 7 3 2 Base of layer 2 in colour x Contour data Minimum value 7 5000 Maximum value F O000 Determine extreme values Colour fill ee Colour 1 Colour 2 Ho of colours he M Change colour series Further preferences Also show Mesh Wo Outline Lines Labelling preferences For colour filled graphics you will see the above dialogue box e Contour data group box Press the D
32. the title bar The last node movement can be undone using the Backspace key GGU SETTLE User Manual Page 63 of 108 August 2014 8 5 6 Edit nodes individually menu item Using this menu item it is possible to subsequently edit the stress excavation unloading depth of the foundation base and the position of individual nodes First select the information to be entered at the nodes from the dialogue box Edit coordinates stresses etc xX Edit coordinates stresses etc Double click with the left mouse button shows coordinates stresses and the foundation base of the node What should be additionally shown at the nodes Hothing T Hode numbers Shesses Excavation unloading Foundation base By double clicking near a node the following dialogue box opens allowing the coordinates or the stress excavation unloading and the foundation base depth to be edited SS ti lt t Mode 1 sigma kN n 200 000 Excavation Unloading KN re oo Foundation base m oso x m 4000 v ma 14 000 Cancel GGU SETTLE User Manual Page 64 of 108 August 2014 8 5 7 Modify values menu item After activating this menu item it is possible to modify subsequently the stresses excavation unloading or foundation bases at all foundation nodes The following dialogue box appears Modify vatues x Size Size Constant Stress Stress 100 000000 Cancel The current values will be modif
33. therefore not be considered 6 3 5 Specify type of settlement analysis Analogous to the descriptions in Section 6 2 10 the type of settlement analysis is specified using the menu item System Analysis options GGU SETTLE User Manual Page 27 of 108 August 2014 6 3 6 Calculate foundation settlements After defining a foundation you can have the system calculated In principle we can differentiate between analysis of foundation settlements and the analysis of user defined settlements The two calculations can also be mixed With foundation settlement we mean the settlement at special points on the foundation e settlement in the foundation centre e settlement at the four characteristic points e settlement at the four foundation corners If you are only interested in settlement at the above described foundations points select the Sys tem Analyse menu item Analysis preferences x Numerical integration after Romberg Precision settlement o 000007 ooo iW Calculate settlement in triangle center iY Calculate settlement at triangle nodes Calculate settlements at user defined points Cancel For analysis of triangular foundations numerical integration is required The integration precision can be specified in the upper area of the dialogue box The default value is sufficiently small for most problems If the calculated values appear unusual to you or if you are somewhat cautious by nature enter a smaller val
34. you in the same position on the page You should select the Header toolbar if you wish to place general information on the drawing company logo report numbers plan numbers stamp etc Once you have saved the header information to disk see Mini CAD user manual you can load it into com pletely different systems with different system coordinates The saved header information will appear in exactly the same position on the page which greatly simplifies the creation of general page information Toolbar preferences menu item After starting the program a horizontal toolbar of menu items appears below the program menu bar If you would rather work with a popup window with several columns you can specify your preferences using this menu item The smart icons can also be switched off At the bottom of the program window you find a status bar with further information You can also activate or switch off the status bar here The preferences will be saved in the GGU SETTLE alg file see menu item Graphics preferences Save graphics preferences and will be active at the next time the program is started By clicking on the tools smart icons of menu items you can directly reach most of the program functions The meaning of the Smart icons appears as a text box if you hover with the mouse pointer over the tools Some of the tool functions can be activated from the normal menu items EEJ Next page Previous page Using this icon you
35. 0 Dd Stresses Cancel Volume Area Settlement depression Calculate volume and area The box above opens for triangular foundations It is also possible to switch the foundation mesh visualisation on or off In this case node labelling can be selected By pressing the Calculate volume and area button a message box opens which contains the area of the triangular mesh from all calculated settlements and the volume of the resulting settle ment depression beneath GGU SETTLE User Manual Page 75 of 108 August 2014 8 7 3 2 Normal settlement contours The following dialogue box opens if the Normal button is pressed Contours Settlement x Contour data Miniriur value 1 00000E 0 Maximum value 6 622686 0 Separation 5 00000E 1 Smoothing Method Method A Intensity Strong 7 Further preferences Cancel Old values The program shows the existing smallest and largest settlement values and the separation of the contour lines If you want the representation to begin with a different value the initial value can be entered here You can also vary the spacing in order to reduce the number of contour lines drawn for example The settings displayed here are always those automatically selected by the program Using the Old values button the preferences used for the previous contour line dia gram are adopted The program supports three smoothing out procedures e Do
36. 00 No of foundations 25 Hame of foundation Foo Stresses via default values SITESSES Stresses via M and i arid Backspace deletes 4 generated circular foundation Cancel First enter the x and y ordinates of the centre point and the diameter of the foundation The circu lar foundation will be made up of rectangular foundations The modelling of a circular foundations is more precise with a large amount of foundations However calculation time is then longer The name of the foundation is supplemented with the current number start number 1 The foundation base the excavation unloading and the foundation stresses will be entered in ac cordance with the default values in the Foundation Values for all foundations menu item The default values can be adapted via the Stresses button Alternatively the stresses can be calcu lated via the vertical load V and the moments M x and M y Activate the Stresses via M and V check box Then enter the corresponding data for the stress analysis via the now active M and V button Immediately after generation the created foundations can be deleted by pressing the Backspace key if the circular foundation generated is not according to your wishes Optimum circular foun dations can be generated with triangular foundations as adjustment to the foundation geometry is much better using triangles see Triangular foundations Generate foundations menu item Sectio
37. 00 y bottom m ooo Scale x direction 1 100 0000 Scale y direction 1 100 0000 Save Load Cancel Then select the menu item Mesh Define nodes Click with the left mouse button on the posi tions of the triangle nodes positions of points for which you know the constrained modulus profile In the program status bar the current coordinates of the mouse pointer are shown Errone ous input can be undone by clicking on the node with the right mouse button If the presentation appears too small or too large go to the menu item Evaluation Preferences and enter a factor for the constrained modulus profile width and or depth to suit your wishes Alternatively to coor dinate input using the mouse you can enter the values in tabular form Then select the menu item Mesh Edit nodes via table and change the number of points to 5 using the x nodes to edit button Change coordinates x Eru Back Cancel Goto no fai 5 nodes to edit Mo m yim 1 ooo O aom 2 100 sm0 3 12500 1500 t ao 22000 5 cso 400 The data for the example system based on Table coordinates of drilling points are entered in the above dialogue box After entering the data go to the menu item Page size margins Auto resize or alternatively F9 in order to achieve a screen filling visualisation of the constrained modulus profiles GGU SETTLE User Manual Page 15 of 108 August 2014 6 2 5 Adjust layer dep
38. 110 00 0 200 40 00 10 000 io a 0 000 Sand Determine AIEA 3 6 00 15 00 wW 0 156 40 00 10 000 1 000 0 000 Clay silky Determine ACA Define the soil layer improved by vibrodisplacement compaction by activating the VDC check box Enter the corresponding parameters for this layer see Info button The ratio of the areas A C A can be determined and adopted in the table by pressing the far right button The ratio E C E B should not be greater than 15 to a maximum of 20 8 2 2 Default layer depths menu item After clicking on this menu item the following dialogue box appears Default layer depths x Far Back Cancel Load Apply to all Save No Base m b GL gam kNere Es MN er Est MNAre Designation 1 10 18 00 10 00 25 00 2 200 1800 10 00 25 00 3 300 1800 10 00 25 00 If you have defined three layers using the Soils Layers menu item three layers will also be shown in this dialogue box The corresponding constrained moduli are also shown for information purposes The given depths can be edited to suit your wishes Depths are entered as m below ground level During the following definition of triangular nodes these layer depths are assigned to the appropriate nodes The layer depths for each node can be edited as wished If the con strained modulus profile is equal for almost all nodes you can save input work during the initial definition of default depths Using
39. 8 4 9 Generate foundations in a row menu item You can generate several foundations of equal dimensions in a row The following dialogue box opens Generate foundations in a row xX 1st foundation ooo y 1st foundation oom Length m 5o00 width m z500 Spacing m 5o00 Spacing y ra 500000 Mo of foundations 25 Mame of foundation F Backspace deletes generated foundations UF SHESSES Cancel w Stresses Cancel First enter the x and y ordinates of the first foundation Define the length and width of all founda tions With Spacing x and Spacing y the displacement of the generated foundations to each other is given The name of the foundation is supplemented with the current number start number 1 The foundation base the excavation unloading and the foundation stresses will be entered in ac cordance with the default values in the Foundation Values for all foundations menu item The default values can be adapted via the Stresses button Immediately after generation the created foundations can be deleted by pressing the Backspace key if the foundation generation is not according to your wishes GGU SETTLE User Manual Page 59 of 108 August 2014 8 4 10 Generate circular foundation menu item Using this menu item you can combine several foundations to a circular foundation Generate circular foundation x centre point ooo y centre point ooo Diameter 5o
40. Analysis of foundation settlements to DIN 4019 GGU SETTLE VERSION 4 Last revision August 2014 Copyright Prof Dr Johann Bu Technical implementation and sales Civilserve GmbH Steinfeld Contents MCE ACG E EOE ts I EEE EEEN OEE E EE E TEE E 7 Zr Capabilities seraa T E E T R 8 3 Licence protection and installation Bcccsssscccccsssscssssssssscccesssssccccccsescccccssssssccessssssoososss 9 4 TAM SUA Ge selecione ENE EEA AEE EE EEES 9 gt Starim the Pprotrahisann a aaao Reece ie ees Ae 10 6 Short introduction Using Worked CXaMPIes ccccccccccccssscssssssssccssccccccccccccccscssssssssccees 11 OL Prostran coNCe ph eera E E a 1 6 2 Analysis of rectangular foUNdAtIONS cc ccccssssseesseeeeeccecceeeceeeeaeeeesseseeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeqaas 1 Oa Sy Sle ti Cale E A E E E N E E NE NE 11 02 De eLo R aa Maca seateatocewinssceet tats Accord eae vine meee tones 13 6 23 Denne detaulG layer Gepins me nt nimioe anneal adeamoneen 14 02A Denne Gian ele MOUS sito its dovesrsacoreniitave te e a todo conues ah dyishindaveeleh touts 15 6 2 5 Adj stlayer depths OF NOES ereere a tien aaae ae rE 16 020 Denne mian k meshe ea anestanee aaaetpee en taignotaa 16 62 7 Denne rectangular foundatl Nns speiesa a E alien 17 6258 Ce ek innur daia a soutessanteaddiagecds 18 62 9 Ss DECILY AMINDA E aS 19 6 2 10 Specify type of settlement analysis visi ccctin siet hederecasalal ceethealed leh aletennaseee tans 20 6221 0 Calculate foundati
41. Delete OAM anual rectangle fda DAM anual trargle fda File list Create a list of files for printing using Add and selecting the desired files The number of files is displayed in the dialogue box header Using Delete you can mark and delete selected individual files from the list After selecting the Delete all button you can compile a new list Selection of the desired printer and printer preferences is achieved by pressing the Printer button You then start printing by using the Print button In the dialogue box which then appears you can select further preferences for printer output such as e g the number of copies These prefer ences will be applied to all files in the list 8 1 9 Exit menu item After a confirmation prompt you can quit the program 8 1 10 1 2 3 4 menu items The 1 2 3 4 menu items show the last four files worked on By selecting one of these menu items the listed file will be loaded If you have saved files in any other folder than the program folder you can save yourself the occasionally onerous rummaging through various sub folders GGU SETTLE User Manual Page 40 of 108 August 2014 8 2 Soils menu 8 2 1 Layers menu item After clicking this menu item the following dialog box opens for rectangular or triangular founda tions Soil properties l i xX Edit no of soils Info peram dCi i a a a 10 00 25 00 0 000 18 00 Cancel Load Save
42. EEEE EE ET 102 IE Keyboardand mon e ano e O OO 102 D N EE E tate aeenspsereabanneceeenecestare aes 103 93 COpy print area ICON neesi aitei a E a aa a a eaan 104 NO ETa Les PEE E E EEE T A E E A EE E E E E E E 105 List of Figures Figure 1 Triangular foundation mesh eessssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssst 26 Lemez Chara crete DOI oi aaa A EE EE T A a A 30 Figure 3 Influence of limiting depth on settlements cssseeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeesesesseesessseseeeeeseeeeeeeges 3 Figure 4 Excavation unloading and constrained modulus ccccccccccscsssscceeceecceccccccceecceeeeeeeeeees 32 Figure 5 Refinement demonstration MOSNcvsscsccsssrssccavecerctersaarcsaveroachansasrvcavenerctarsaaacaenenoachdedaarecveees 50 Figure 6 FEM mesh refinement using Method 1 cccccscccccccccccccccccccccceccnnaseeeeessssseeeeceeeeeeeeaaaaaaaaaaes 5 Figure 7 FEM mesh refinement using Method 2 cccccccccccccccccecececennn ea seeeeesseeeeeeeeeeseeeanaaaaaaaaaeness 51 Figures FEM mesh refinement usme Method 3 ccccssansiencvauciccaiecnide sccwpiavbseubide iei E 5 List of Tables abled Borehole COOTAMGICS eae e EEE E eluadeiereuneaaee aaa Il Table 2 SOUT Pes GUNG SOUDIOPCTIICS nic cene E an irae Nene N 12 TALES LAVET CED UTS e TEA NE N iN Soo RUA oe RTS Nh 12 Table 4 Foundation dimensions and pressure iicccccccccccssecccccccccceesscsseceeeeeanseseeeeeeeeaaaeseeeeeesaaaanseeees 12 GGU SETTLE User Manual Page 6 of
43. FB in triangle centre m 0 800 Limiting depth triangle centre 7 51 m below FB Settlement at traingle centre cm 6 217 Point 1 l 4 000m yl 14 000 m Settlement cm 2 991 Point 2 f 17 000m y2 14 000 m Settlement cm 2 695 Point d a 11 000 m p3 18 000 m Settlement cm 2 873 GGU SETTLE User Manual Page 67 of 108 August 2014 8 5 18 Check foundations menu item The foundation node input data can be checked via this menu item or alternatively by pressing F8 The individual elements to be visualised can be specified using the check boxes in the dia logue box Check foundations x Show what Stresses Excavation unloading sige Foundation bases Triangle numbers Limiting depth Id Font size mm 0 canoa TAA lt 1 41 Adopt the preferences by pressing OK The selected data are then displayed in the foundation nodes visualised on the screen The abbreviations used are described in the General legend see Section 8 9 8 GGU SETTLE User Manual Page 68 of 108 August 2014 8 5 19 Contours menu item In analogy to the menu item Foundations Stress contours the stress distribution in the triangu lar foundations can be visualised as a coloured contour diagram with the aid of this menu item The following dialogue box opens x Contour which parameter Stresses Excavation unloading C Foundation bases Limiting depth Show how Normal Coloured
44. If necessary edit the number of layers by clicking the Edit no of soils button and enter the new number of soil layers In the above dialogue you can enter the name the constrained modulus for initial loading and for reloading Poisson s ratio and the unit weights of the individual soil layers In order to ensure a sensible interpolation within the triangle mesh it is necessary that all nodes possess the same number of layers If your system has areas in which certain soil layers are not present e g peat lenses only in certain areas then simply assign these layers a thickness of 0 0 at the appropriate nodes using the menu item Soils Default layer depths If nu equals 0 0 for all soils the value of nu displayed in the Soil properties legend can then be switched off see Section 8 9 9 The current stratification with all corresponding data can be saved to a separate file using the Save button in order to have it available for a different system without a lot of typing work using the Load button GGU SETTLE User Manual Page 41 of 108 August 2014 If you are working with vibrodisplacement compaction the following dialog box opens after click ing this menu item Soil properties i X Forw Back Cancel Info Edit no of layers 3 No Es MNer Est MAA WOC AIA phil E C VE B gamma kN m rue Designation 1 12 00 30 00 E 0 200 40 00 10 000 18 000 0 000 Eik Determine AIEA 2 45 00
45. SETTLE manual is opened as a PDF document The help function can also be ac cessed using the F1 function key GGU SETTLE User Manual Page 99 of 108 August 2014 8 11 6 Test vibrodisplacement compaction menu item The improvement brought about by vibrodisplacement compaction can be tested by varying the soil properties using this menu item Vibrodisplacement compaction Gg x Column area cell area 0196 Determine nue faoil 0333 nue column 0333 phi column 4000 E column E soil i000 Cancel Using the Determine button the column cell area ratio A C A can be determined using a variety of array procedures After confirming your input values using OK the results are pre sented in a message box Vibrodisplacement compaction x Input Column area cell area 0 196 nue sol 0 333 nue column 0 333 phi column 40 00 E column E s sail 10 000 Result n 2 151 without compressibility of column material ACAN 0 659 delta ACAN 0 517 nl 2 023 with compressibility of column material Click Cancel in the above dialog box to end the menu item GGU SETTLE User Manual Page 100 of 108 August 2014 8 11 7 What s new menu item You will see information on program improvements in comparison to older versions 8 11 8 Transform all menu item This menu item allows the simultaneous editing of scale and c
46. Section define automatically eee 83 Section define via mouse click eee eee 82 Section Toad eena a e EA 84 Section SAVO sess ieeherineeavadoitcibuedceesvileverebutiselontess 85 GGU SETTLE User Manual Page 107 of 108 Settlement depression change visualisation for user defined section 85 Settlement depression determine area and NO LING sereisas iei AE TEETE 75 Settlement depression visualise for user defined settlements cccccceecceeece eee es 83 Settlements compute from the difference DELWECI TWO TT CS erae orina 82 Settlements display as Contours eseeeeeee 75 Settlements display as contours in user defined section cccecceeccceesceeeceeeees 89 Settlements edit pen colour and width for contour lines avi divesetharlrincestiend eicediutictteurs 90 Settlements post analysis visualisation DPECECTONCES ier T 74 Settlements specify calculation type 20 Settlements visualise as depression in user defined section ccccecceeccceesceeeceeeees 84 Smart icons for 3D graphics essen 92 Smart icons for menu items cee eee eee eee 91 Smoothing out procedures contoufrs 76 Soil Properues Ente ferarri 13 41 Soil properties show legend cceeeeeeees 94 Soil define colours isessissisisssasirrassesisresissisae 74 Soil define Colours isisicsiseisrscinsiciassrrirresiesisin 94 Sol Celine
47. a various dialogue boxes depending on the type of foundation selected The description of analysis of rectangular foundations can be found in Analysis of rectangular foundations Calculate foundation settlements see Section 6 2 11 The description of analysis of triangular foundations can be found in the brief introduction under Analysis of triangular foundations Calculate foundation settlements see Section 6 3 6 If you have calculated a system and then edit the foundation data the program internally deletes all calculated settlements as they are then no longer valid for the altered system You should therefore always evaluate such a system first Alternatively you have the pos sibility of saving the calculation data using the File Save menu item Any calculated set tlements will be saved with the file and are then available for later evaluation 8 6 6 Precision menu item for triangular foundations only If you are working with triangular foundations you can specify the precision of the numerical integration using this menu item A high degree of precision leads to longer calculation times and vice versa You must weight up between the complexity of the foundation and the desired preci sion 8 6 7 Undo menu item If you have carried out any changes to dialog boxes or moved objects to a different position on the screen after selecting the Graphics preferences Move objects menu item or using the F11 function key this m
48. aphic output supports the true type fonts supplied with WINDOWS so that excellent layout is guaranteed Colour output and any graphics e g files in formats BMP JPG PSP TIF etc are supported DXF files can also be imported by means of the integrated Mini CAD module see the Mini CAD manual The program system has been used in a large number of projects by renowned consultancies and institutes and has been thoroughly tested No faults have been found Nevertheless liability for completeness and correctness of the program and the manual and for any damage resulting from incompleteness or incorrectness cannot be accepted GGU SETTLE User Manual Page 7 of 108 August 2014 2 Capabilities The GGU SETTLE program has the following capabilities e Analysis of foundation settlements according to DIN 4019 e Generation of triangular foundations which are combined in a mosaic like manner in order to model any possible type of loading e Consideration of mutual influence of foundations e Analysis of settlements at any point inside or outside of the foundations e Analysis of settlements at a given depth e Analysis of settlements at a given layer base e Analysis of settlements of individual layers e Analysis of subgrade reaction modulus courses e Complete input of system geometry if desired using the mouse e 50 soil layers e 1000 rectangular foundations or 15 000 triangular foundations e Excavation unloading can be considered
49. atecaitulvantsuads 33 Sled Save MENC sasan E 33 Silica Save as menu MEM is nari ar E E E NE E E E uaa eaiaw eae 34 GGU SETTLE User Manual Page 2 of 108 August 2014 S150 Print outp t table men ALC Misscs5 lt ssosdevdounsconsehond Aboonaetharconseusawees 8 1 5 1 Selecting the output format snsssssssssesoeeeeeeeessssssssssssee S L5 2 Button Output as Craps ourien a 8 1 5 3 Button Output as ASCH oo ccccccssssssssssseeseeeeeees 8 1 6 Printer preferences menu item eessssssssssssseeeeerressssssssssese 8 1 7 Print and export MeN te sissano eE Sls Batch print MENU LEM ssarssssspunrriin nigra E SLI FEX MEME MCI aa a a E sane oven SA TTL ASA men eana rE A ATEA o DOLS MEN aa a O E O E N A Sell AV ers meni Meisi a tenracc dain oan 8 2 2 Default layer depths menu 1teM cc eceseeseeeeeeeeeeeeees 8 2 3 Layer base contours MENU item esssssssssssseeeeerressssssssssssse 8 2 4 Edit layer depths menu item wctslssialet vouedenshececean ions dtuehidedoniensnns 8 2 5 Determine layer depths menu 1teM cc cceeseeeeeeeeeeeeeeeees 2 0 Duplicate layer Men temerin a a a 8 2 7 Raise layer base menu item 56 sve bosseatGrowaduns wsanstsocdadaan weneskivenss 8 2 8 Standardise layer base menu item essssssssssssseseeeerressssss So MES MEAT gan aaa tactic A A 8 3 1 Define nodes menu ICM eecccccccceceseeeeeceeeeeeaeeeeeceeeeeas 8 3 2 Edit nodes via table
50. ation e Special e Graphics preferences e Page size margins e After clicking one of these menus the so called menu items roll down allowing you access to all program functions The program works on the principle of What you see is what you get This means that the screen presentation represents overall what you will see on your printer In the last consequence this would mean that the screen presentation would have to be refreshed after every alteration you make For reasons of efficiency and as this can take several seconds for complex screen contents the GGU SETTLE screen is not refreshed after every alteration If you would like to refresh the screen contents press either F2 or Esc The Esc key additio nally sets the screen presentation back to your current zoom which has the default value 1 0 cor responding to an A3 format sheet GGU SETTLE User Manual Page 10 of 108 August 2014 6 Short introduction using worked examples 6 1 Program concept In order to calculate foundation settlements input of the constrained modulus profile is necessary as well as the foundation data width length foundation stress Many comparable programs de fine this constrained modulus per foundation The GGU SETTLE program takes a different much more flexible path The constrained modulus profiles are defined in a triangle mesh At the nodes of this triangle mesh you can edit the thickness of the layers involved After having defined
51. b section you can move directly to the coloured contour diagram using this menu item The familiar dialogue box opens see Section 8 7 3 3 8 8 10 Display section course stress bulb menu item The location of the stress bulb section in plan can be displayed again using this menu item and be printed as an appendix to the report for example The same visualisation is duplicated in a smaller size in the Section course legend which is automatically displayed during section visualisation see Section 8 9 10 GGU SETTLE User Manual Page 88 of 108 August 2014 8 8 11 Vertical settlements section menu item Specification of the section for displaying the vertical settlements is in analogy to the menu item Special Stress section see Section 8 8 4 If you close the dialogue box for the graphical repre sentation preferences using the Display button the program first calculates the settlements in the user defined section You will then see a combo box for selecting the type of contour representa tion Once you have selected the type of contours required the program calculates the settlements along the specified section You then see the familiar dialogue boxes for the normal or the coloured contour line diagram see Sections 8 7 3 2 and 8 7 3 3 8 8 12 Normal contours vertical settlements menu item If the settlements for the specified section have already been calculated using the previous menu item Special Vertical settlemen
52. by selecting the three correspond ing nodes once again using the left mouse button Automatic menu item After entering the mesh nodes automatic mesh generation can be carried out using this menu item Delauney triangulation If a triangle mesh already exists it can be either deleted or supplemented Only in exceptional cases you should select the Supplement button as triangulation follows certain laws which may not allow sensible complementing of a current partial mesh Round off menu item During Delauney triangulation a triangle mesh is generated that envelops all nodes This can lead to acute angled triangle elements in the boundary regions These triangles can be removed from the triangle mesh using this menu item x Delete exterior tangles with a radius ratio gt rv Iv 476 Cancel The radius ratio describes the relationship between external radius and internal radius of a triangle For an equilateral triangle this ratio equals 2 0 optimum Before you arrive at the dialogue box above you will be shown the maximum and minimum radius ratios In the example above all external triangles with a radius ratio greater than 6 will be removed To avoid chaos only exterior triangles will be removed Delete nodes and mesh menu item With this menu item you can delete selected system triangles You must first click four points in anti clockwise direction All triangles with their centroid within this quadrilateral wil
53. can be checked via this menu item or alternatively by pressing F8 The individual elements to be visualised can be specified using the check boxes in the dialogue Check foundations x Show what M Stresses MW Excavation unloading sige i Foundation bases I Foundation names Limiting depth Id Font size mm an noa GGU SETTLE User Manual Page 57 of 108 August 2014 Adopt the preferences by pressing OK The selected data are then displayed in the foundations visualised on the screen The abbreviations used are described in the General legend see Sec tion 8 9 8 8 4 6 Stress contours menu item The foundation stress distributions can be visualised as a coloured contour diagram with the aid of this menu item The procedure is in complete analogy to the visualisation of layer base contours see Section 8 2 3 8 4 7 Delete individual foundations menu item With this menu item individual foundations can be deleted The program will go through all foun dations in the order in which they were entered For each foundation the following dialogue box appears Foundation no 1 Name FI Delete No Cancel If you do not want to delete the foundation shown click No If there are a number of founda tions the box for next foundation opens 8 4 8 Delete all foundations menu item After a safety prompt you can delete all current foundations GGU SETTLE User Manual Page 58 of 108 August 2014
54. can navigate between the individual pages in the tabular representation t Select page If you are in the tabular representation you can use this icon to jump to a specific page or to return to the normal representation that is to the graphics Zoom out If you have previously zoomed in this tool returns to a full screen display GGU SETTLE User Manual Page 91 of 108 August 2014 Zoom Zoom With the zoom functions you can zoom in or out of parts of the image by clicking the left mouse button Copy print area Use this tool to copy only parts of the graphics in order to paste them e g to a report You will see information on this function and can then mark an area which is copied to the clipboard or can be saved in a file Alternatively you can send the marked area directly to your printer see Tips and tricks Section 9 3 Colour on off If you need to remove the colour from the system or section presentation to create a black and white printout for example use this on off switch k Undo By clicking this icon the last performed change e g movement of graphical elements made using the F11 function key or the menu item Graphics preferences Move objects can be undone Cal n Restore By clicking this symbol the last change undo carried out using Undo can be restored 8 9 7 3D toolbar menu item This menu item allows you to choose a pop up window with tools for rotating and z
55. cel e Contour data group box The Determine extreme values button computes the minimum and maximum settle ments and enters them into the appropriate input boxes However you need not retain these values but can also define your own No smoothing of the contour lines can be performed here e Colour fill group box You can control the colour subdivisions of the contour diagram using No of colours In the example above 16 colours will be displayed between Colour 1 and Colour 2 The default setting is a colour course from red to blue These colours can be edited as required after selecting the Colour 1 and Colour 2 buttons or simply reverse the choice by se lecting the Change colour series check box e Further preferences group box In addition to the colour presentation you can also have the triangle mesh and or the outline displayed Additional contour lines can also be drawn Line labelling preferences can be defined by means of the Labelling preferences button e OK The colours will be drawn after confirmation A colour bar at the right edge of the sheet allows correlation between the colour and the corre sponding value If this colour bar is drawn in the right page margin specify a larger value for the right plotting margin e g 25 mm in the Page size margins Page size and margins menu item see Section 8 10 5 GGU SETTLE User Manual Page 77 of 108 August 2014 8 7 3 4 3D settlement contours
56. cel After clicking the Layer depths button in the above dialogue box or by clicking directly in the constrained modulus profile the layer depth dialogue box opens it can also be opened via the menu item Soils Edit layer depths see Section 8 2 4 Generate nodes in array menu item The nodes can be defined on an array using this menu item A dialogue box opens for specifying the type of array e Line along one or more lines e Rectangle in one or more rectangles e Quadrilateral in one or more quadrilaterals The procedure is similar for all three cases Therefore only the rectangles will be described Rectangle Rectangular array x left oo y bottom oo x right 25 000 y top 10000 No of aray in 5 No of armay iny 5 _Lancel GGU SETTLE User Manual Page 47 of 108 August 2014 8 3 6 8 3 7 8 3 8 8 3 9 Enter the corner points of the array and the number of subdivisions If one of the node points thus generated were to lie within an existing mesh node generation is aborted with an error message and no further nodes are generated If an array is defined using a line the coordinates of the two end points are entered and those of the four corners for a quadrilateral array Manual mesh menu item After input of the nodes this menu item is used to define the mesh Three nodes must be clicked using the left mouse button An triangle element can be deleted
57. clicking any button the respective data is adopted for all foundation nodes You then return to the above dialogue box and can edit further data or exit the box via the Cancel button The Apply to all button adopts all data for all foun dation nodes The dialogue box is closed automatically after this button is clicked The stress can also be determined by pressing the Stress for all from V Mx My button A dialogue box then opens for entering the data If the stress 1s determined from this data the dia logue box also closes again automatically 8 5 11 Manual mesh menu item After input of the foundation nodes this menu item is used to define the mesh Three nodes must be clicked using the left mouse button An triangle element can be deleted by selecting the three corresponding nodes once again using the left mouse button 8 5 12 Automatic menu item After entering the foundation nodes automatic mesh generation can be carried out using this menu item Delauney triangulation If a triangle foundation mesh already exists it can be either deleted or supplemented Only in exceptional cases you should select the Supplement button as trian gulation follows certain laws which may not allow sensible complementing of a current partial mesh 8 5 13 Delete nodes and mesh menu item With this menu item you can delete selected foundation triangles You must first click four points in anti clockwise direction All triangles with their cen
58. csreesacaceoseesiechon ios 57 Foundation data check for triangular TOUMCAUION aetna NO A 68 Foundation data define as default for rectangular foundations ccccceeeeeeeeees 56 Foundation data define as default for triangular foundations cccseeeeeeeeeeees 62 Foundation data edit subsequently at all foundation nodes isonet iie 65 Foundation data edit subsequently for rectangular foundations ccccceeeeeeeeees 56 Foundation data edit subsequently for triangular foundations ccccseeeeeeeeeeees 66 Foundation data subsequently edit for individual foundation nodes cccce eee 64 Foundation definition with Mini CAD support ccccessseeseeeeeeeeeeeeeees 55 Foundation Engineering Pocket Book article Stress calculation cece eens 30 Foundation mesh check triangles 000 69 Foundation mesh define delete elements WIATMOUSS CLIC A N ENA 66 Foundation mesh delete all nodes and mesh 66 Foundation mesh generate automatically 66 Foundation mesh refine a number of elements 67 Foundation mesh refine all elements 67 Foundation mesh refine individual element 67 Foundation node define delete individually VIA Monse CLICK s3 ap corcs en A ETE 62 Foundation nodes define via editor 63 Foundation nodes generate in array 0 65 Foundation nodes move using mouse
59. cted triangle Figure 6 FEM mesh refinement using Method I e Method 2 The selected triangle element and the neighbouring triangle element are halved Figure 7 FEM mesh refinement using Method 2 e Method 3 A new triangle element is inserted at the median of the clicked triangle element The neigh bouring triangle elements are halved Figure 8 FEM mesh refinement using Method 3 GGU SETTLE User Manual Page 51 of 108 August 2014 8 4 Foundations menu 8 4 1 Define menu item 8 4 1 1 Create select foundations If you are working with rectangular foundations you will see the following dialogue box for in putting new or editing existing foundations using this menu item x Foundation editor Hew aS Three foundations are already present in the dialogue box The entered foundation designations are shown on the respective buttons The following actions are possible e To menu bar You return to the original menu bar e New You can now enter data for a new foundation e F1 F2 By clicking the buttons labelled with the foundation designation you can open and edit the data for the corresponding foundation GGU SETTLE User Manual Page 52 of 108 August 2014 8 4 1 2 Operations on selected foundation After clicking on New or on the button of an existing foundation the following dialogue box opens NroiiF1 es Editor for F Edit base data Delete foundation View results Print results Duplica
60. culations can also be mixed With foundation settlement we mean the settlement at special points on the foundation e settlement in the foundation centre e settlement at the four characteristic points e settlement at the four foundation corners If you are only interested in settlement at the above described foundations points select the Sys tem Analyse menu item Start analysis x Analysis preferences MW Settlement at foundation centre i Settlement at foundation comers M Settlement at characteristic points M Settlements at user defined points Cancel Activate the check box es of choice and click OK You may see a note on the specified special preferences first Acknowledge the notes and start the analysis Information on analysis progress 1s displayed in the status bar Once analysis is complete the foundation settlements are entered in the foundation centre in the corners and in the characteristic points depending on the preferences specified above If you have calculated a system and then edited any input values e g foundation dimensions foundation stress type of limiting depth calculation etc the program deletes all calculated set tlements as they are then no longer valid for the altered system If you have already defined user defined settlement points within the framework of previous calculations you can have these set tlements recalculated by activating the Settlement at user defined points check box
61. d again using Load section The Previous section button is only visible if a section has already been defined and loads the section defined immediately prior If you click OK you define a new section by clicking the start and end points using the mouse Once the end point is defined a dialogue box opens for input of the number of subdivisions The number of subdivisions defines the number of drawdown points for calculation Once the section has been defined a dialogue box opens allowing preferences for the graphical visualisation of the stress section to be specified The same dialogue box can also be accessed via the menu item Special Stress section preferences A description can be found in Section 8 8 5 The stress section is visualised when you exit the preferences dialogue box via the Display button GGU SETTLE User Manual Page 86 of 108 August 2014 8 8 5 Stress section preferences menu item Preferences for stress section visualisation can be specified using this menu item The following dialogue box opens Preferences IW Stress coloured Stress colour Subtract excavation unloading Max plot value m 0 500 lw with layers MW Layers coloured Iw With foundations Foundation colour lw With labelling Font size mrm 2 0 Depth increm m 0 250 Operations Cancel With Stress colour you define the colour with which it will be filled when the Stress in col our check box is activated
62. default The program automatically draws thin cutting borders around the page which are required when using a plotter on paper rolls The borders can be switched off by deactivating the With borders check box e Page margin defines the position of a frame as a distance to the margins This frame en closes the subsequent diagram You can switch off the frame by deactivating the With margins check box e The Plot margin define a set distance between the page margin and the actual drawing area in which the graphical evaluation of your input is presented GGU SETTLE User Manual Page 98 of 108 August 2014 8 11 menu 8 11 1 Copyright menu item You will see a copyright message and information on the program version number The System button shows information on your computer configuration and the folders used by GGU SETTLE 8 11 2 GGU on the web menu item Using this menu item you can access the GGU Software website www ggu software com Keep in touch with new program versions and the regular download offers If you would like to be automatically notified about program innovations please register for the Newsletter in our Knowledge Base Go to the following website http kbase civilserve com 8 11 3 GGU support menu item This menu item takes to the GGU Software Support area at www ggu software com 8 11 4 Maxima menu item The program default maxima are shown 8 11 5 Help menu item The GGU
63. different printer selected Using the Save button all preferences from this dialogue box can be saved to a file in order to have them available for a later session If you select GGU SETTLE drk as file name and save the file in the program folder default the file will be automatically loaded the next time you start the program Using the Page format button you can define amongst other things the size of the left margin and the number of rows per page The Header footer button allows you to enter a header and footer text for each page If the symbol appears within the text the current page number will be entered during printing e g Page The text size is given in Pts You can also change between Portrait and Landscape formats e Print pages group box If you do not wish pagination to begin with Z you can add an offset number to the check box This offset will be added to the current page number The output range is defined us ing From page no to page no e Output to group box Start output by clicking on Printer or File The file name can then be selected from or entered into the box If you select the Window button the results are sent to a separate window Further text editing options are available in this window as well as loading sav ing and printing GGU SETTLE User Manual Page 37 of 108 August 2014 8 1 6 Printer preferences menu item You can edit printer preferences e g swap between p
64. e background Font size mm 2 0 Operations Cancel With Depression colour you define the colour with which the depression will be filled when the Coloured depression check box is activated The settlement depression will be displayed in a vertical section generally with the strata constrained modulus profiles With Settlement fac tor you can influence the depth of the settlement depression in the presentation With Max plot value you specify the presentation of the foundation stress in section With Foundation colour you define the colour with which the foundations will be filled when the With foundations check box is activated Activating the With labelling check box automatic section labelling can be used When acti vated the program inserts a table below the section containing the calculated settlements at the settlement points defined The labelling font size can be altered to suit requirements If the Label ling coloured check box is activated the settlements are visualised in the above defined colour for the depression If the Labelling at depression check box is activated the automatic label ling table is no longer shown and the settlements entered in the graphics directly at the settlement points If the specified section is required again later for further evaluations you can save this section to a file and reload it again later using the above shown dialogue box After leaving the dialogue box via the D
65. ection 8 2 1 It is also possible to display an explanation of the vibrodisplacement compaction in the legend by activating the corresponding check box GGU SETTLE User Manual Page 94 of 108 August 2014 8 9 10 Section course legend menu item If a section is visualised a legend is shown which includes a section location sketch If the Show section course check box is activated the presentation format can be edited in the dialogue box for this menu item The following dialogue box can also be accessed by double clicking in the legend box Section course values in mm x M Show section course Heading E ection course y Value 208 60 Width 60 00 y value 46 63 Height 60 00 Font size mm 20 W Coloured foundation Foundation colour cancel The position of the legend can be defined and edited using the values x and y Width and Height You can edit the font size of the entered heading If the foundations are to be shown in the drawing activate the corresponding check box and specify the required colour via the Foun dation colour button In contrast to the section visualisation in the screen graphics for example using the menu item Special Display section course see Section 8 8 3 the x and y ordinates of the end points of the section are also displayed as numerical values in the Section course legend 8 9 11 Move objects menu item When you go to this item you can move the various objec
66. ed as m below ground level For reasons of clarity the program assumes ground level to be the same for all nodes During the following definition of triangular nodes the layer depths are assigned to the appropriate nodes After this the layer depths for each node can be edited as wished If the constrained modulus profile is equal for almost all nodes you can save input work via the initial definition of default layer depths The layer depths for the example were therefore entered in the dialogue box based on Table 3 Using the Load button you can load a previously saved depth distribution Using Save you can save the current depth distribution to a file in order to have them available later without re newed input If you select the Apply to all button all current triangle nodes will be assigned these depths Using the Cancel button you may leave the dialogue box without accepting the alterations You can also leave the dialogue box with Done Any changes will be accepted GGU SETTLE User Manual Page 14 of 108 August 2014 6 2 4 Define triangle nodes After this initial input you can determine the position of triangle nodes borehole points A coor dinate system is visible on the screen If the area displayed does not correspond to the plan area of your system go to the menu item Page size margins Manual resize editor and enter the values for your system into the dialogue box Image coordinates x x left m 200
67. ed modulus profile thus remains neutral The soil properties of the selected layer are adopted for both new sub layers 8 2 7 Raise layer base menu item Sometimes it is necessary to raise or lower the base of layer in an existing system by a certain amount Using this menu items the following dialogue box appears Raise layer base xX You can raise or lower the base of a layer by a specified amount Enter the number of the layer to be raised 3 layers are present Layer noa 2 Raie r 1 000 Cancel A layer can be selected and raised or lowered by a given amount Lowering of a layer is achieved using negative values This action applies to all constrained modulus profiles If the layer above or below are incompatible the rise will limited to the necessary value 8 2 8 Standardise layer base menu item With this menu item a selected layer in all constrained modulus profiles can be retroactively as signed a fixed value as layer base GGU SETTLE User Manual Page 45 of 108 August 2014 8 3 Mesh menu 8 3 1 Define nodes menu item Use the left mouse button to define a new node or the right mouse button to delete a previously defined node Each new constrained modulus profile is assigned the default depths see menu item Soils Default layer depths Section 8 2 2 If a constrained modulus mesh has already been generated using existing nodes new nodes can only be generated outside of the existing
68. eeeeeeeeeas 8 4 5 Check foundations menu item ccc ccccceecsseeeeeceeeeeaaeseeeeees 8 4 6 Stress contours MENU ItCM ccecccccccccseessseeccceeeeeeseeeeceeeeas 8 4 7 Delete individual foundations menu 1teM cccceeeeeeeeees 8 4 8 Delete all foundations menu 1fOM cc eeeeeececeeeeeeeeeeeeees GGU SETTLE User Manual Page 3 of 108 August 2014 8 4 9 Generate foundations in a row MENU ITEM ceeeeccccceceeeeeeeeecceeeeaaeeeeeeceeeeas 59 8 4 10 Generate circular foundation MENU item cc eeeeeeeccccccceseeeeccceeeeaeeeseeeeeeeeas 60 8 4 11 Generate annular foundation menu 1TEM cc eeeeecccccceeeseeeeceeeeeaaeeeeeeeeeeeas 61 5 3 Liriano ular foundations THEN sect sacusorsesusnadvasierenceete ST E 62 8 5 1 General notes on triangular foundations ccc eeeeeeesseeeecceeeeeceeeecaaeeeeeeseseeeeeeeeess 62 892 Deraull Vales Menue Neurrien AAE asioeaoresx ovens 62 S03 Define nodes IMEMU ACI i 4 52 c4ssocmccsestanagaecncmyaseasnes peneuaeeaaiennn tis dunceeenanceanoraeiae 62 8 5 4 Edit nodes via table menu iten soana a a a 63 893 MOVE nodes MENU eNe nereo aer AAE E ea aVSA 63 8 5 6 Edit nodes individually menu item sosoosoooennessssssssssssssseereresssssssssssssseereeeeo 64 Se Modi y values Moni i aa cant Dahiio anna a ise eneceld Seems 65 8 5 8 Assign values in Section menu item ssssseeeeeeessssssssssssseetrrrrressssss
69. een the software licence and the CM stick copy protection hardware the licence as such is thus represented by the CM stick The correct Runtime Kit for the CodeMeter stick must be installed on your PC Upon start up and during running the GGU SETTLE program checks that a CM stick is connected If it has been removed the program can no longer be executed For installation of GGU software and the CodeMeter software please refer to the information in the Installation notes for GGU Software International which are supplied with the program 4 Language selection GGU SETTLE is a multilingual program The program always starts with the language setting applicable when it was last ended The language preferences can be changed at any time in the menu using the menu item Lan guage preferences in German Spracheinstellung in Spanish Configuraci n de idioma GGU SETTLE User Manual Page 9 of 108 August 2014 5 Starting the program After starting the program you will see two menus at the top of the window e File e After clicking the File menu either an existing system can be loaded by means of the Load menu item or a new system can be entered using New After clicking File New you will first see a dialogue box for selecting rectangular or triangular foundations for the following analysis Then the menu bar will show ten menus e File e Soils e Mesh e Foundations or Triangular foundations e System e Evalu
70. elements 66 Constrained mod profiles change Depth distribution save load for VISTA SALON A E E E 73 constrained mod profiles seseeseeseeeees 42 Constrained mod profiles contours of Drawing area ceoeeeneeeneeasecaneceneceaecanecensetanees 97 98 DAVE DASE NEEE ie agian A EA 43 DXF export 110 seseees ees eeeenesseesnteeenesenetenee 39 GGU SETTLE User Manual Page 105 of 108 August 2014 DX RAMPET TING sooi 7 Editor window output table eee 37 Elliptical foundation generate using triangular foundations cccseeeeeeeeeeees 70 EME foma i sccsssietosernsnestersseitneecereeececeesereness 39 Excavation unloading consider in settlement calculation ceeceeeeeeeeeeee 32 Export constrained mod mesh to GGU SLAG acire e a 50 Export stress distributions to GGU CONSOLIDATE cccccccccceeeeeeees 89 Extreme values determine for contours visualisation octcsicrsschsd eal a wide acesieds 71 File display name in legend 93 Hle load AE eE a rE E aS 33 Font size drawing elements ccccceeeeeeees 97 Footer Output tablezerien ie 35 Footing foundations generate as rectangular foundations in a row 666 59 Footing foundations generate as triangular foundations in a row 068 70 Foundation data assign subsequently to several foundation nodes c cece ee eeeee 65 Foundation data check for rectangular TOUMGAUION 03 05 ccarcrcactdawusAc
71. enter the values in tabular form To do this select the menu item Triangular foundations Edit nodes via table The pre existing data from the conversion from rectangular foundations can be seen in the following dialogue box GGU SETTLE User Manual Page 25 of 108 August 2014 Edit coordinates x Eru Back Cancel Goto no El o nodes to edit Mo m yim sigmaflkM m sigma e KN r Foundation base m 1 4o00 f 140000 200 0000 f ooooo f o s000 2 1 0000 14 0000 f 200 0000 f ooooo f o s000 3 11 0000 f 18 0000 f 200 0000 f ooooo f o so00 4 40000 18 0000 200 0000 oomoo osoo 5 140000 sooo 200 0000 ooooo o s000 6 170000 sooo 200 0000 ooo o s000 P 170000 f 11 0000 f 200 0000 f ooooo f soon 8 140000 11 0000 f 200 0000 ooo o so00 mel gaa Enter the values of the dialogue box You have thus defined 8 nodes of the foundation mesh Now you must only connect the nodes to a mesh For this select the menu item Triangular founda tions Manual mesh and click on three points of the foundation mesh The triangular foundation mesh should then look like this Figure 1 Triangular foundation mesh GGU SETTLE User Manual Page 26 of 108 August 2014 6 3 4 Specify limiting depth Calculating triangular foundations the program can determine the limiting depth using two differ ent procedures Select the menu item System Limiting depth Limiting depth preferences x Frofile base Limiting
72. enu item will allow you to undo the movements This function can also be reached by using the key combination Alt Back or the appropriate tool in the toolbar see Section 8 9 6 8 6 8 Restore menu item When this menu item is selected the last change made in a dialog box or the last change in the position of objects which you undid using the menu item Page size margins Undo will be restored This function can also be reached by using the key combination Ctrl Back or the appropriate tool in the toolbar see Section 8 9 6 8 6 9 Preferences menu item You can activate or deactivate the undo functions GGU SETTLE User Manual Page 72 of 108 August 2014 8 7 Evaluation menu 8 7 1 Preferences menu item Graphics visualisation preferences can be specified via this menu item The following box opens for rectangular foundations isualisation preferences x M Draw Mini TAD elements first Can now be defined in Min G amp 0 for each layer Layer dialogue in Mini LAD Presentation button M with borders M with plot margin iv with constrained modulus mesh g With node numbers Constrained modulus profile jw With constrained modulus profiles i Constrained modulus in colour lw With depths With soil designation Depth factor 0 100 Profile width 0 250 MW with foundation names M with stresses Automatic soil colours oil colours Cancel Objects added using Mini CAD a
73. er than the profile base Limiting depth at p The settlements are calculated to a depth at which the overburden stress p from the soil weight corresponds to the foundation stress but not deeper than the profile base If founda tions are close to one another e g with circular foundations you should additionally ac tivate the limiting depth for all foundations check box as otherwise too shallow limiting depths will be calculated When determining the limiting depth with p any ex cavation unloading for the foundation concerned can be subtracted from the average foun dation stress which usually makes sense More information on excavation unloading and global preload stress can be had by clicking on the Info button in the above dialogue box The limiting depth will be calculated in the centre of the rectangular foundation If the settlement is to be calculated outside of the foundation concerned the limiting depth of the foundation which creates the settlement stress is also valid Stresses above the foundation base generate tensional stresses and will therefore not be considered 6 2 10 Specify type of settlement analysis With the menu item System Analysis options you can specify the type of settlement to be cal culated In principle there are three different types Analysis options x Depth of settlement calculation f Calculate settlement at given depth Depth m b GLI 0 000 Settlement at base of layer
74. erally gives the best mesh refinement and is recommended A description of the 3 refinement methods can be found in Section 8 3 15 GGU SETTLE User Manual Page 49 of 108 August 2014 8 3 12 Refine elements in section menu item A number of elements previously enveloped in a polygon can be refined using this menu item A description of the 3 refinement methods can be found in Section 8 3 15 8 3 13 Refine all elements menu item All elements of the triangle mesh can be refined using this menu item A description of the 3 re finement methods can be found in Section 8 3 15 8 3 14 Save Load menu item The nodes and triangle elements of the constrained modulus mesh can be saved or loaded The following dialogue box opens Mesh constrained modulus profiles x SaveLoad mesh constrained modulus profiles compatible with GGU SLAB Save Load Cancel Using files with the ggu_stei extension it is possible to open constrained modulus meshes cre ated using the GGU SLAB analysis program in GGU SETTLE or in the opposite direction to export from GGU SETTLE to GGU SLAB 8 3 15 Refinement methods Three different refinement methods can be applied for element refinement Refinement will be demonstrated on the following mesh using element 23 as an example Figure 5 Refinement demonstration mesh GGU SETTLE User Manual Page 50 of 108 August 2014 e Method 1 An additional node is generated in the centroid of the sele
75. es eas eeea eine 58 Circular foundation generate using oven Contours generate 3D array visualisation 78 triangular foundations eens 70 mas Clipboard 39 Contours generate coloured visualisation 77 ceovseeeonseconsecensecenneceansceonseconsetennsetensten Coo e eoe i Ol oiea 76 Code Meter SiC Kyrenen E 9 i Colour bar define for contours 44 77 Compur j smoothing DUL PrOCEOUTES settee n Pe leurs T O nel Contradiction limiting depth eee 32 fee a Coordinates alter using editOFr ccceeeeees 97 profiles display a e soveeennesenseeancennecensetsaes 74 aorinates alee SAU ATOUGS cote cams 97 Colours define for graphical elements 90 E Coordinates edit for overall system 101 Colours define for settlement depression 85 shes Pies GE HOPG oc raat care 74 94 Coordinates OPtiMIsSe issedn raai 97 ee erat Coordinates save load cccccccsscesseceeeseeeens 97 Colours define for stress distributions 87 Aias Coir aoa ee 92 Copy print Alea corse iia 39 92 104 ARA cee ss Corner stresses display duccesasereseccaceseutesdessecctens 18 Company letterhead integrate via Mini CAD o 9 T S E a on Constrained mod mesh define nodes Correction come kappa acopt dor in array 47 settlement analysis cesccsstenddccsaeveecececeadecdeosras 21 Gensan mod meli define Hodes Cutting borders switch on off 73 98 SING edO kaaneni sence 46
76. etermine extreme values button The program then determines the minimum and maximum values for the corresponding layer base You can then edit these values for example in order achieve a defined start value GGU SETTLE User Manual Page 43 of 108 August 2014 e Colour fill group box You can control the colour subdivisions of the contour diagram using No of colours In the example above 16 colours will be displayed between Colour 1 and Colour 2 The default setting is a colour course from red to blue These colours can be edited as required after selecting the Colour 1 and Colour 2 buttons or simply reverse the choice by se lecting the Change colour series check box e Further preferences group box In addition to the colour presentation you can also have the triangle mesh and or the outline displayed Additional contour lines can also be drawn Line labelling preferences can be defined by means of the Labelling preferences button e OK The colours will be drawn after confirmation A colour bar at the right edge of the sheet al lows correlation between the colour and the corresponding value If this colour bar is drawn in the right page margin specify a larger value for the right plotting margin e g 25 mm in the Page size margins Page size and margins menu item see Section 8 10 5 8 2 4 Edit layer depths menu item This menu item allows editing of the base of a layer at the individual nodes of the triangle mesh
77. ettlement location display options menu item After going to this menu item the following dialogue boxes open for rectangular and triangular foundations Defaults Defaults Settlement options x l Settlement options MW Settlement at foundation centre P M Settlement at foundation comers I Settlement in tangle centre M Settlement in characteristic points Settlement at triangle nodes i Individual settlement values Individual settlement values Cancel Cancel Within this dialogue box the presentation parameters for the settlement calculations are specified If certain settlement values have not yet been calculated they will naturally not be entered in spite of being activated GGU SETTLE User Manual Page 74 of 108 August 2014 8 7 3 Settlement contours menu item 8 7 3 1 General information on representation of contour lines This menu item allows visualisation of the analysed settlements in a contour diagram Further the program creates a triangle mesh from all analysed settlements If an analysis has not yet been performed an error message is displayed This triangle mesh which has nothing to do with the interpolation mesh for the constrained modulus profiles is used by the program as the basis of interpolation for contour calculation A dialogue box opens allowing the type of contours to be selected Type of contours xX Type of contours With triangular foundations _ Coed Show which values at nodes 3
78. ettlements menu tem J sic asst oocevcxvesverdieaveooeaveaveelctuetccsvereimededeats 82 8 7 12 Define multi node section menu ICM ec eeeeeeessseeeeeceeeeeeeeeeaaaesesesseeseeeeeess 82 8 7 13 Automatic multi node section menu ILEM ccccceeeeeeceeeeceeeccaaeseeeseseeeeeeeeeees 83 8 7 14 Display multi node section course menu item sssssssssssseeeeeeesssssssssssssseeereeeo 83 8 7 15 Display settlements in section menu 1tOM cccsseeeeceeececeeeeeeesaeeeessseeeeeeeess 83 Ae OPEC MIME NU EE EP E A I EEP E E E E E A EE E 84 8 8 1 Settlement depression section menu ItOM ccesceseceeceeeeceeeeeeaeseeeseseseeeeeeeess 84 8 8 2 Depression section preferences menu ItOM ccccececcceececeeceeaeeeeeeeseeeeeeeeeess 85 8 8 3 Display section course settlement depression menu 1teM c cceeeeeeeeees 86 Do SESS SSCHON MENU Ei anea e a E T E ens tuubdaheakes 86 8 8 5 Stress section preferences MENU eM ere a ae 87 8 8 6 Display section course Stress section menu item sssseeeeeresssssssssssssseerrreeo 87 Soar Stress DUIDISECLION TMU Iei erana wadswaldwanedenehdransboviatavn manent 88 8 8 8 Normal contours stress bulb menu 1teM ec eecccceesecceeeeccceeeceseeeeseeees 88 8 8 9 Coloured contours stress bulb menu 1fCM cece ccc eeeeccceeeccceesececeeecceeenees 88 8 8 10 Display section course stress bulb menu 1teM cc ccccccss
79. f a triangle mesh The nodes of the triangle mesh are described by the borehole points The borehole points are then connected to a triangle mesh from which the program can interpolate the constrained modulus profile at any point To define the borehole points proceed as follows First go to the menu item Soils Layers and click the Edit no of soils button Enter 3 for the new number of layers Three rows are then displayed for the layers in the following dialogue box Enter the soil properties from Table 2 soil types and soil properties as shown Soil properties X Edit no of soils Info Peren Sd C D a C a Silt 12 00 30 00 0 000 18 00 4 Sand 45 00 110 00 0 000 10 00 3 Clay silty 6 00 15 00 0 000 11 00 Cancel Load Save GGU SETTLE User Manual Page 13 of 108 August 2014 6 2 3 Define default layer depths You should then select the menu item Soils Default layer depths not absolutely necessary Default layer depths x Ear Back Cancel Load Apply to all Save No Base m6 GL gam kN m Es MNoef Est MNAr Designation 1 20 18 00 12 00 30 00 Sil 2 40 1000 45 00 110 00 Sand 3 1500 11 00 6 00 15 00 Clay silty As you have defined three layers using the menu item Soils Layers three layers will be shown in the dialogue box The corresponding soil properties are also shown for information purposes The given depths can be edited to suit your wishes Depths are enter
80. fine colours 74 94 A Constrained mod profiles define default TAVCECED UNS oaren r 42 Angle of rotation edit for 3D graphics 92 Constr ained mod profiles define layers 13 41 Annular foundation generate using Constr ained mod profiles display rectangular foundations ccceeeeeeeeeees 61 individual PFOMLEwierszctediaresrererssedmaarers cecaces 44 Annular foundation generate using Constrained mod profiles edit individual triangular FOUNCATIONS ccccccccccccccccccceccccee 70 layer depths E EAE E E ckdveteeues werseeae eas 44 Constrained mod profiles edit assign B layer depths retroactively ccccecceeeeeees 45 Constrained mod profiles generate Base data define for rectangular automatically nodes and mesh PEPETA 49 LOWMAALONS aaan 54 Constrained mod profiles insert layer 45 Constrained modulus enter cece eeeeeeeeee 41 Constrained modulus for reloading 32 C Context MENU OPEN ice cise civetitanseroreniticrenliniits 103 Calculation duration reduce cece eeeeeeeee 21 Contour lines edit pen lon a eae ev Calculation cancel cccsssesssseeeeeeeeees 21 102 coulis corres P seep PEI ence seas Characteristic point position definition 30 onto pouncanon Craan ANE NIA Circular foundation generate using POUTIGAUIOMNS erae 69 an PE 60 Contours foundation stresses in rectangular 8 E ceas S te an tb cho es Londa aaa eav
81. foundations can be found in Setzungen und Spannungen unter Dreiecksfundamenten Settlements and Stresses below Triangular Foundations Dr Johann Bu Geotechnik 22 1999 No 1 8 5 2 Default values menu item Here you can specify the foundation stress excavation unloading and depth of the foundation base If you prefer the excavation unloading can be determined automatically The program automatically calculates the excavation unloading from the depth of the foundation base and the unit weight of the soil Default values x Determine excavation unloading automatically sigma k m 100 000 Excavation Unloading KN re 0 000 Foundation base rn 0 000 Cancel The unit weight of the soil is defined in the Soils Layers menu item see Section 8 2 1 8 5 3 Define nodes menu item Use the left mouse button to define a new foundation node or the right mouse button to delete a previously defined node Each new foundation node is assigned the default stress See menu item Triangular foundations Default values Section 8 5 2 If a mesh has already been generated using existing foundation nodes new nodes can only be generated outside of the existing mesh In the dialogue box for this menu item it 1s also possible to select whether node numbers stresses excavation unloading or foundation base depths are entered at the nodes A change of visualisation always affects all nodes GGU SETTLE User Manual Page 62 of 108 Augus
82. ge size and margins menu item by means of the plot margins see Section 8 10 5 Image coordinates x x left m 50000 y bottom rn J 1000 Scale x direction 1 100 0000 Scale y direction 1 100 0000 Save Load Cancel Old values il The image coordinates entered here can be saved in a file with the extension BXY and be re loaded later for the same file or for different files If you want to recover the previous values during input or use the menu item again after editing the coordinates you can do this by pressing the Old values button 8 10 4 Font size selection menu item You can edit font sizes for labelling the various drawing elements The font sizes of text within legends are edited in the respective legend editor Just double click in a legend to do this GGU SETTLE User Manual Page 97 of 108 August 2014 8 10 5 Page size and margins menu item The default page set up is A3 when the program is started You can edit the page format in the following dialogue box Page size and margins Edit page size and margins x Fage in general Height 297 00 Width 420 00 Fage margin in mm Plot margin in mrm W with borders Left 25 00 Top 8 00 Left 25 00 Top 50 00 Right Bottom Right Bottom M with margins Cancel e Page in general defines the size of the output sheet The A3 format is set as
83. gular foundations using the mouse x Tou must click the comer coordinates of a new foundation The default values for stresses foundation base and excavation unloading will be adopted Foundation at angle to y axes Cancel After confirming with OK you click on the two corners of a foundation with the left mouse button If the Foundation at angle to x y axes check box is activated an inclined foundation inclined to the horizontal can be entered with mouse support In this case you must click on three points with the mouse After defining the points the dialogue box for entering the basic data opens allowing a foundation designation to be entered among other things see the input explana tions in Section 8 4 1 3 You can greatly simplify input if you have a scanned foundation template You can integrate such graphics using the Mini CAD system The scaling of the graphics is a problem which is easy to overcome If you know the separation of two points in the template then simply draw a line with Mini CAD which connects these two points Then double click on this line In the dialogue box which then appears the length of the line is given From this length and the known length of the line you can determine the scale discrepancy Then select the Modify object icon from Mini CAD and enter the scale distortion Voila The imported graphics are now true to scale You now need only click on the foundation corner points You
84. ibed After exiting the dialogue boxes using OK you will see a further dialogue box in which you can select the parameters to be used in the output table If you click the Start button the output table is presented on the screen page by page To navigate between the pages use the arrow tools EIEI in the toolbar If you need to jump to a given page or back to the graphical representa tion click on the tool You will then see the following box Curent page New page To nomal view GGU SETTLE User Manual Page 36 of 108 August 2014 8 1 5 3 Button Output as ASCII You can have your analysis data sent to the printer without further work on the layout or save it to a file for further processing using a different program e g a word processing application After selecting the button Output as ASCII you will see a further dialogue box in which you can select the parameters to be used If you click the Start button the following dialogue box ap pears in which you can define output preferences Printer preferences Edit Load Save Fage format Header footer Portrait Font size pts g C Landscape Print pages From page ro Offset for page number to page na 99 0 Output to Cancel Printer File In the dialogue box you can define output preferences e Printer preferences group box Using the Edit button the current printer preferences can be changed or a
85. ied with a constant in accordance with the selected specified cal culation type The modification is valid for all nodes This function allows fast editing of the de scribed values with a large number of nodes 8 5 8 Assign values in section menu item Selected foundation nodes can be subsequently assigned new values for stress excavation unload ing or foundation base Define an anticlockwise quadrilateral enclosing the nodes to be edited The following dialogue box then opens New values in quadrilateral xX Stress 200 000 Cancel Select the required parameter and enter the new value 8 5 9 Generate nodes in array menu item Geometric shapes allowing automatic node generation on selected subdivisions can be selected for simplified foundation node input using this menu item This functions analogous to the menu item Mesh Generate nodes in array which is described in Section 8 3 5 GGU SETTLE User Manual Page 65 of 108 August 2014 8 5 10 Values for all foundations menu item Using this menu item it is possible to specify stress excavation unloading and foundations base globally for all foundation nodes After clicking on it the following dialogue box appears x Stresses for all from W Me My Stress 100 000 Apply to all Excavation unloading kN rr ooo Apply to all Foundation base m ooo Apply to all OF Standardize all Cancel An Apply to all button follows each input box By
86. ike to use the previ ously calculated settlements deactivate the check box 8 7 7 Settlements in quadrilateral array menu item This menu item is comparable to the previous one You must simply define a quadrilateral array with the mouse You will then be asked to enter a array in x and y direction at the intersections of which settlement analyses will be carried out 8 7 8 Delete user defined points menu item By selecting this menu item you can delete all current user defined settlement points after a safety request 8 7 9 Save settlement points menu item By selecting this menu item you can save all current user defined settlement points to a file A file requester box appears in which you can enter the file name The file suffix should be pkt 8 7 10 Load settlement points menu item This menu item allows the point files saved using the menu item Evaluation Save settlement points to be opened To reanalyse the settlements at the imported points go to System Analyse and activate the Calculate settlements at user defined points check box in the dialogue box GGU SETTLE User Manual Page 81 of 108 August 2014 8 7 11 Differential settlements menu item If settlements have been analysed in the current file this menu item can be utilised to load the settlements from a previous analysis and to generate and visualise the difference or sum total from the old and the new data The coordinates of the settlement points
87. ion of the stress section in plan can be displayed again using this menu item and be prin ted as an appendix to the report for example The same visualisation is duplicated in a smaller size in the Section course legend which is automatically displayed during section visualisation see Section 8 9 10 GGU SETTLE User Manual Page 87 of 108 August 2014 8 8 7 Stress bulb section menu item The stresses for any given vertical section can be visualised as contours using this menu item The same dialogue boxes open as shown in Special Stress section in Section 8 8 4 However after leaving the graphical preferences dialogue box by using the Display button you select the type of contours x Type of contours Coloured Cancel Once you have selected the type of contours required the program calculates the stresses along the specified section You then see the familiar dialogue boxes for the normal or the coloured contour line diagram see Sections 8 7 3 2 and 8 7 3 3 8 8 8 Normal contours stress bulb menu item If the stresses for the specified section have already been calculated using the previous menu item Special Stress bulb section you can move directly to the normal contour diagram using this menu item The familiar dialogue box opens see Section 8 7 3 2 8 8 9 Coloured contours stress bulb menu item If the stresses for the specified section have already been calculated using the menu item Spe cial Stress bul
88. ious dialogue box a further dialogue box in which you can define further preferences for result presentation Graphical table preferences x Page sizes Page height mrm 257 0 nf Page width mm 21 0 0 M Borders Fage margins mm Left 2500 Right am Top a0 Bottom sm0 M Page borders Output table margins Upper margin mrm 12 0 Lower margin mm 12 0 Left margin ror FO K0 Right margin mm Font Font size mm Line spacing Header With headers Edit Footer With footers Edit Cancel You can define the desired layout for the output tables in various areas of the dialogue box If you need to add a header or footer e g for page numbering activate the appropriate check boxes With headers and or With footers and click on the Edit button You can then edit as re quired in a further dialogue box GGU SETTLE User Manual Page 35 of 108 August 2014 Height Font size Height Footers mrm 20 0 F ouf Font size mm 25 Iw with frame Text Left justified amp Centered C Right justified 1 Anner 4 1 Output table Fage of Annex 4 1 Output table Page 1 of Info place holder for page number place holder for no of pages e g Page of pages Offset Offset for page number Offset for no of pages Cancel Automatic pagination can also be employed here if you work with the placeholders as descr
89. isplay button the program first calculates the settlements and then displays the settle ment depression for the specified points A location sketch is automatically displayed on the screen showing the system outline and the defined section This section course legend is activated by default but can be deactivated in the Graphics preferences Section course legend menu item see Section 8 9 10 GGU SETTLE User Manual Page 85 of 108 August 2014 8 8 3 Display section course settlement depression menu item The location of the section in plan can be displayed again using this menu item and be printed as an appendix to the report for example The same visualisation is duplicated in a smaller size in the Section course legend which is automatically displayed during section visualisation see Sec tion 8 9 10 8 8 4 Stress section menu item This menu item allows the analysis and visualisation of stress distributions in vertical sections The procedure is almost completely analogous to the procedure for defining and subsequently visualising settlement depressions A dialogue box opens for defining the sections as shown in Section 8 8 1 For this type of evaluation the section course is no longer bound to the settlement points but con sists of a start and an end point Using the Via editor button you can specify the start and end points using numerical values instead of the mouse If you have previously saved a section it can be loade
90. l as the program the data will be automatically loaded the next time the program is started and need not be entered again GGU SETTLE User Manual Page 96 of 108 August 2014 8 10 Page size margins menu 8 10 1 Auto resize menu item This menu item provides a to scale visualisation in both x and y coordinates of the system and result graphics If you have previously altered the image coordinates using Page size mar gins Manual resize mouse or Page size margins Manual resize editor you can quickly achieve a complete view using this menu item This function can also be accessed using the F9 function key 8 10 2 Manual resize mouse menu item You can use the coordinates of a section of the visualisation as the new image coordinates by marking the desired area with the mouse pressing the left mouse button and holding the Ctrl and Shift keys The scales of the x and y axes are adjusted accordingly If the previous propor tions scale x direction scale y direction need to be retained the Proportional section check box must be activated Alternatively you can simply Redefine origin of the visualisation The previous scale prefer ences are not affected by this 8 10 3 Manual resize editor menu item You can alter the image coordinates by direct numerical input in a dialogue box This allows pre cise scale input The coordinates refer to the drawing area This can be defined in the Page size margins Pa
91. l be deleted If the Delete nodes and mesh button is pressed the complete mesh and all nodes are deleted GGU SETTLE User Manual Page 48 of 108 August 2014 8 3 10 Auto node and mesh menu item With this it is possible to quickly generate a rectangular constrained modulus mesh with default depths for further processing The following dialogue box opens for entering the corner coordi nates of a rectangular mesh Automatic constrained modulus mesh x Create rectangular constrained modulus mesh with default layer depths Curent mesh will be deleted Comer coordinates 1 m 270 y1 m 6 99 2 m 18 30 we m 19 01 Include all foundations Cancel If the Include all foundations button is clicked the program automatically searches for the most suitable coordinates and enters them in the dialogue box 8 3 11 Refine individual elements menu item The program allows the refinement of a current triangle mesh Refinement is generally only then necessary when you would like to supplement a current triangle mesh with further possibly ficti cious nodes Using this menu item it is possible to select individual elements of the constrained modulus mesh for refinement after selecting the refining method Refine trinagle mesh x Select a tangle using the lett mouse button Backspace to undo Which method ae Three different methods can be used for triangle mesh refinement Method 3 gen
92. l calculated settle ments However only those settlement points which lie within the foundation are considered as the subgrade reaction modulus results from the division of the foundation stress at the point in question by the corresponding settlement value The thus created triangle mesh which has nothing to do with the interpolation mesh for the constrained modulus profiles is used by the program as the basis of interpolation for contour calculation After going to this menu item a dialogue box opens which is analogous to the settlement contour visualisation dialogue box SR modulus contours i x SA modulus contours e with triangular foundations o Noma Show which values at nodes Coloured Giresse T Cancel Visualisation of the foundation mesh and node labelling can be selected for triangular foundations Otherwise you have two buttons available for the type of contour visualisation e Normal The preferences for normal contour visualisation are analogous to the descriptions in Sec tion 8 7 3 2 e Coloured The preferences for coloured contour visualisation are analogous to the descriptions in Sec tion 8 7 3 3 Settlements at points menu item This menu item allows calculation of user defined settlements at any point within the triangle mesh Click on the point with the left mouse button To assist in orientation the current coordi nates are shown in the status bar Settlements at points x Calculate
93. lay CES nerion iedoa 13 41 Status bar main program activate 00068 91 Stress distribution expott cccececeeeeeeeeeeeees 89 Stresses consider above foundation base 20 27 Stresses display as contours in user defined section c ccecececcececececeececes 88 Stresses visualise as distribution in user defined section c ccecececcececsceceeceees 86 Subdivisions define for user defined section 84 Subgrade reaction moduli display as CONOS naear a r omenses 80 System coordinates save load ccceeeeeeeeees 97 System show information eeseesssssesso000e11e00 99 Tensional stresses ccccciseiccscocccvscudccsssvenevssess 20 27 Theory of elastic isotropic half space 30 Toolbar edit for 3D graphics ceeeeeeees 92 Toolbar edit for menu items cece eee eee 91 Translation activate cece ceeceeccesceceeceeees 101 Triangle elements refinement methods 50 Triangular foundations define cc cesses 25 Triangular foundations generate SPeClal CESIONS ieccisicssr aici eeavendesjeesicvatasouls 70 DIMCALY DC TOME oasen 91 User defined settlements calculate 23 29 User defined settlements calculate along a user defined Line ooren o E 81 User defined settlements calculate at user defined Points iocari aat 80 User defined settlements calculate in quadrilateral array ccona 81 User defined set
94. m factor ensuring output to one page Fit to page button Following this you can enlarge to the original format on a copying machine to en sure true scaling Furthermore you may enter the number of copies to be printed GGU SETTLE User Manual Page 38 of 108 August 2014 If you have activated the tabular representation on the screen you will see a different dia logue box for output by means of the File Print and export menu item button Printer Print several pages x Page sizes Output device WwcrvilbedcO Lexmark T30 Output device mm x 197 sy 265 Printer Printer prefs change printer Portrait Output lw Fit in automatically oom factor 1 000 1 No of copies First page 1 1 F Last page Here you can select the table pages to be printed In order to achieve output with a zoom factor of button Fit in automatically is deactivated you must adjust the page format to suit the size format of the output device To do this use the dialogue box in File Print output table button Output as graphics e DXF file allows output of the graphics to a DXF file DXF is a common file format for transferring graphics between a variety of applications e GGUCAD file allows output of the graphics to a file in order to enable further processing with the GGUCAD program Compared to output as a DXF file this has the advantage that no loss of colour quality occurs during export
95. merical values instead of the mouse If you have previously saved a section it can be loaded again using Load section The Previous section button is only visible if a section has already been defined and loads the section defined immediately prior If you click OK you define a new section by clicking the start and end points using the mouse Once the end point is defined a dialogue box opens for input of the number of subdivisions The number of subdivisions defines the number of drawdown points for calculation Once the section has been defined a dialogue box opens allowing preferences for the graphical visualisation of the settlement depression to be specified The same dialogue box can also be ac cessed via the menu item Special Depression section preferences A description can be found in Section 8 8 2 The settlement depression is visualised when you exit the preferences dialogue box via the Display button GGU SETTLE User Manual Page 84 of 108 August 2014 8 8 2 Depression section preferences menu item Preferences for settlement depression visualisation can be specified using this menu item The following dialogue box opens Settlement depression x Preferences W Coloured depression Depression colour Settlement factor 0 500 Max plot value m 0 500 lw with layers W Layers coloured hf With foundations Foundation colour lw With labelling Labeling coloured Labelling at depression Delet
96. mesh 8 3 2 Edit nodes via table menu item Using this menu item you can edit the coordinates of the existing nodes or enter new ones After clicking on it the following dialogue box appears Edit coordinates xX Eru Back Cancel Goto rno EE 5 nodes to edit Mo m rn 1 ooo 8 aom 2 100 soo 3 12500 1500 25000 22000 5 cso 4000 If the current number of nodes needs to be edited click the x nodes to edit button and enter the new number of nodes It is also possible to delete nodes in this way Navigate through the table using Forw and Back Each new constrained modulus profile is assigned the default depths defined in menu item Soils Default layer depths see Section 8 2 2 8 3 3 Move nodes menu item After clicking this menu item an info box is displayed The nodes constrained modulus profile can be moved when holding the left mouse button The coordinates of the current node are dis played in the title bar The last node movement can be undone using the Backspace key GGU SETTLE User Manual Page 46 of 108 August 2014 8 3 4 8 3 5 Edit nodes individually menu item Using this menu item it is possible to retroactively edit individual nodes of the constrained modulus mesh By double clicking near a node the following dialogue box opens allowing the coordinates to be edited Node 3 const mod mesh xX Mode 3 12 500 P 15 000 Layer depths Can
97. must be the same in both files It is therefore useful to save the points of a first settlement analysis using the menu item Evalua tion Save settlement points to a file which is then used as the basis for a further settlement analysis The following dialogue box opens Differential settlements x ou can display a differential settlement diagram User defined settlement points can be loaded for this from another analysis The user defined settlements trom the curent record and the loaded user defined settlements can be subtracted or added Hen Current loaded Load Save current Display Cancel Select the old pkt file using the Load button The current data can be saved again using the Save current button if this has not already been done via Evaluation Save settlement points Select the type of difference or sum formation in the option box The following options are available e Current loaded e Loaded current e Current loaded If a file has been loaded the Display button is active and the previously seen dialogue box for contour type selection opens Normal coloured or 3D contour visualisation of differential settle ments can then be generated see description of contour visualisation in Sections 8 7 3 2 to 8 7 3 4 8 7 12 Define multi node section menu item GGU SETTLE User Manual Page 82 of 108 August 2014 It is possible to visualise the computed user defined settlement
98. n 8 5 21 GGU SETTLE User Manual Page 60 of 108 August 2014 8 4 11 Generate annular foundation menu item In complete analogy to circular foundations see Section 8 4 10 you can generate an annular foundation using rectangular foundations Generate annular foundation l x centre point ooo y centre point oom E sternal diameter 5o00 Internal diameter 25000 No of foundations 25 Name of foundation F Stresses via default values stresses C Stresses via M and fal atid Backspace deletes a generated annular foundation Cancel You need only additionally enter the interior diameter Optimum annular foundations can be gen erated with triangular foundations as adjustment to the foundation geometry is much better using triangles see Triangular foundations Generate foundations menu item Section 8 5 21 GGU SETTLE User Manual Page 61 of 108 August 2014 8 5 Triangular foundations menu 8 5 1 General notes on triangular foundations The Triangular foundations menu appears if the appropriate selection has been made in the File New menu item see Section 8 1 1 With this it is possible to calculate settlements and stresses below a flexible triangular foundation of any shape and linear loading By combining the triangular foundations in mosaic like manner any type of load with reference to ground plan and load size can be easily modelled Further information on the subject of triangular
99. ndbau Taschenbuch 1990 Fourth Edition also available in english Here you will also find the complete relationships for stresses and strains below a rectangle in elastic isotropic half space formulas 8 to 10 and formulas 14 and 15 These relationships are the basis for the program The stress relationships are only used for limiting depth calculations and for the presentation of stress distributions The strains are calculated directly from the relationships given in the Geotech nical Engineering Pocket Book A numerical integration with associated loss of precision is there fore not required 7 2 Characteristic point The stiffness of foundations cannot be considered using the above mentioned relationships The foundation loading will be assumed to be a flexible load bundle whatever the case It is usual to calculate the settlements at what is called the characteristic point At this point of the foundation for a uniform load the settlements for a flexible load bundle correspond to the settlement of a rigid foundation The position of the characteristic point is defined as follows Figure 2 Characteristic point GGU SETTLE User Manual Page 30 of 108 August 2014 7 3 Limiting depth Of great importance for the size of settlements is the limiting depth The program allows definition of limiting depth in three different ways e Limiting depth profile base The settlements are calculated to the base of the defined soil profile
100. ned settle ments e Evaluation Settlement at points menu item With the mouse you can click on any point within the system The calculated settlements will then be graphically displayed e Evaluation Settlements on a line menu item With the mouse you click on two points start and end points of a line The settlement along this line will then be calculated at constant intervals If after calculations are com plete you switch to the Evaluation Automatic multi node section menu item see Section 8 7 13 you can display the settlement depression for the system section e Evaluation Settlements in quadrilateral array menu item You click on the four points of a quadrilateral The program then calculates the settlements in a regular array within this quadrilateral This function is especially useful in connection with the Evaluation Settlement contours menu item see Section 8 7 3 as you have with settlements calculated in a quadrilateral a favourable data basis for triangulation and thus for the presentation of contours 6 3 8 Evaluate and visualise results Once analysis is complete the results can be evaluated in numerous ways One of these options was previously introduced in Section 6 2 13 In the Special menu it is possible to calculate settlement depressions stress distribution and lines of equal settlement along straight vertical sections In accordance with the principle of What you see is what you get you can at a
101. nloading can be entered If the value excavation unloading gt 0 0 the constrained moduli for reloading will be used in settlement analyses for the proportion of the excavation unloading which is re used This corresponds to the reloading case of a time settlement diagram For the load component over and above this or for a system without excavation unloading the constrained modulus for initial loading will be used In the Foundation coordinates in m group box you enter the x and y ordinates and the length and width of the foundation Further to this an inclination to the horizontal can be given so that non axis parallel foundations can also be analysed In the Stresses kN m group box you can enter the corner stresses of the foundation As the Stress distribution within a foundation is assumed to be linear three corner stresses are sufficient to describe the stress distribution The fourth is calculated internally by the program It will be visible in the window when it opened the next time By clicking the Calculate stresses via M and V button you can have the foundation stresses calculated from the moment and vertical force if these values are known After clicking the OK button input or alterations will be accepted clicking on Cancel you leave the box without accepting your alterations GGU SETTLE User Manual Page 54 of 108 August 2014 8 4 2 Determine graphically menu item This menu item allows the input of rectan
102. ns generated by the program see Sections 8 4 9 to 8 4 11 Subse quent changes to the data can be made at any time via the menu item Foundations Define see Section 8 4 1 GGU SETTLE User Manual Page 56 of 108 August 2014 8 4 4 8 4 5 Results menu item The results of the settlement analysis for selected foundations can be viewed in a message box using this menu item If the system has not yet been analysed only the foundation dimensions and the limiting depth are displayed in the message box For example after clicking an analysed foun dation the following results are displayed Foundation Fi q x Foundation F a 000 b 4000 m FE 0 500 m Limiting depth foundation centre 9 02 m below FB Settlement in foundation centre cm 7 592 Settlement at foundation comer top left em 3 572 Settlement at foundation comer top night em S27 Settlement at foundation comer bottom left cm 3 514 Settlement at foundation comer bottom right cm 3 201 Settlement at characteristic point top left cm 5 934 Settlement at characteristic point top night cm 5 570 Settlement at characteristic point bottom left cem 5 669 Settlement at characteristic point bottom right cem 5 459 Mean settlement at characteristic points cm 5 706 Rotation CF around long asis 0 00030 1 3361 3 Rotation CF around short axis 0 00075 1 1337 5 Check foundations menu item The foundation input data
103. ny stage of evalua tion send the current screen contents to the printer see menu item File Print and export button Printer Section 8 1 7 6 3 9 Final comparison of rectangular triangular foundation analysis A comparison of calculation results for rectangular and triangular foundations will show that there are minor differences in the calculated settlements This is because of the different calculation point of the limiting depth With rectangular foundations the limiting depth is determined in the foundation centre Triangular foundations do not know the centre point of the rectangles For triangular foundations the limiting depth is determined at the centre of the triangles which devi ates from the centre of the rectangles If you select the Limiting depth profile base check box see Section 6 2 9 you will get the same results in both cases as the limiting depth is then the same for both procedures GGU SETTLE User Manual Page 29 of 108 August 2014 7 Theoretical principles 7 1 General The program calculates the stresses and strains after the theory of elastic isotropic half space Especially in the days when pocket calculators and personal computers were not yet available comprehensive diagrams and tables were developed A literature list of tables can be taken from the DIN 4019 Further to this you are referred to the article Stress calculation Spannungs berechnung in the Geotechnical Engineering Pocket Book Gru
104. on function considers if necessary the case of a foundation which separates from the soil founda tion gap If this is the case a correspondingly smaller foundation will be drawn The following foundations can be generated Circular foundation A circular foundation can be compiled from several triangular foundations Input is made in analogy to the menu item Foundations Generate circular foundation A description can be found in Section 8 4 10 Elliptical foundation An elliptical foundation can be compiled from several triangular foundations Input is analogous to the menu item Foundations Generate circular foundation Different val ues must be entered for the diameter in x and y directions A description can be found in Section 8 4 10 Annular foundation An annular foundation can be compiled from several triangular foundations Input is made in analogy to the menu item Foundations Generate annular foundation A description can be found in Section 8 4 11 Foundations in a row Several uniformly sized footing foundations can be generated in a row Input is made in analogy to the menu item Foundations Generate foundations in a row A description can be found in Section 8 4 9 Rectangular foundation A rectangular foundation can be generated by defining the coordinates of the bottom left corner in the dialogue box as well as the length breadth and any foundation inclination In addition the vertical force and the
105. on sete ment S i 22 6 2 12 Calculate user derined settlements ossis e E E 23 6 2 13 Evaluate and visualise results cnca inete E TA 23 625 Analysis OF Man ular TOUNCALIONS sisicetisicataccandea E E 24 6 3 Denne borehole POms x0 22ccsssssernamescsengisocseg rasadnegiiaaeeteaesabne E 24 03 2 DCMS MANGE MeSH acs essences iina a E anaes Hes EE AEE 24 0 3 3 Detine Tadneular Toundatios sa vesvicelaide cesdkeutaedawtatoveaverkou lowe AER 25 6 54 Specily Timmins depths ia con tesduaentat et hadteerseetenees pss 6 3 5 Specify type of settlement analysis usni a R E dea taaots 2J 6 3 6 Calculate foundation settlements weiss iarenonsestlexiacanoncaerisatavihesteweletiwwavacnsedeatone 28 6 3 7 Calculate user defined settlements cccccssseeecccecceeccccecaaeeeeseseeeeeeeeeeeeeeeaqaas 29 0o Evaluate and visualisere suli AE et ee 29 6 3 9 Final comparison of rectangular triangular foundation analySIS cccccceeeeeees 29 Z Theoretical principles enir uA EE 30 Tok Geheraliocena a EO E a A 30 T2 CR WATACLE his 1G PON eee a e e EA 30 Tao demne dep ian E E ONA 31 7 4 Excavation unloading and constrained modulus for reloading ccceceeeeeeeeeeeees 32 S Description of m nt TEINS 35 sccdeces occeccessescescancievcasusdeecdcaccnsesususencdeueserssoucceondaccesecsuevevevseusss 33 Sil FUE eap dele muaneatandaseousaeaneneendeees 33 wkl New MENU MOM een E EE E T mesic a esata T 33 Sk Eoad men MeMa a daniels velusnhatiacandanetc
106. ooming three dimensional images The tools in this pop up 3D window allow you to rotate the graphics around one of the three axes The plus and minus signs designate the direction of rotation The angle of rotation default 45 can be adjusted as wished using the tool GGU SETTLE User Manual Page 92 of 108 August 2014 8 9 8 General legend menu item A legend with general properties will be displayed on your output sheet if you have activated the Show legend check box Using this menu item you can alter the type of presentation The fol lowing dialogue box can also be accessed by double clicking in the legend box General legend x M Show legend Heading Basis for calculation mrm sooo y mm 4200 Font size mrm 25 Max no of lines 50 Show program name and version Show file name 6 None Short Long Cancel Beside the heading this legend contains information on the current graphics and preferences You can define and edit the position of the legend using the values x and y You control the size of the legend using Font size and Max no of lines where necessary several columns are used The fastest way to modify the position of the legend is to press the F11 function key and then to pull the legend to the new position with the left mouse button pressed The file name can be excluded or by using Short or Long displayed automatically with or without the file path Any project
107. oordinates for the system overall The following dialogue box appears Rotate all q xX Angle of rotation 0 000 Factor w 1 00000 Factor y 1 00000 Displacement w 0 00000 Displacement y 0 00000 Cancel Fret The system s scale can be increased or decreased via the given factors or all coordinates for con strained modulus profile and foundation points be displaced by fixed amounts It is also possible to alter all point coordinates by rotation 8 11 9 Language preferences menu item This menu item allows the language to be selected for graphics visualisations and the program menus A dialogue box with an options menu opens allowing the user to choose between German English and Spanish The program always starts with the language setting applicable when it was last ended GGU SETTLE User Manual Page 101 of 108 August 2014 9 Tips and tricks 9 1 Keyboard and mouse Any calculation and presentation can be prematurely cancelled using the right mouse button You can scroll the screen with the keyboard using the cursor keys and the Page up and Page down keys By clicking and pulling with the mouse with Ctrl pressed you activate the zoom function i e the selected section will fill the screen Use the mouse wheel to zoom in or out of the screen view or to pan In addition scale and coordinates of the system graphics drawing area within the plotting mar gins can be altered directly using the mouse wheel The
108. ortrait and landscape or change the printer in accordance with WINDOWS conventions 8 1 7 Print and export menu item You can select your output format in a dialogue box You have the following possibilities e Printer allows graphic output of the current screen contents graphical representation to the WINDOWS standard printer or to any other printer selected using the menu item File Printer preferences But you may also select a different printer in the following dialogue box by pressing the Printer prefs change printer button SS ti i Page sizes Output device Wwcivil serversLexmark TEU Output device mm 2606 y 201 Image mm x 420 0 y 297 0 Printer Printer prefs change printer Landscape Output preferences oom fachor 1 000 Fit to page Page overlap mm n ogg Page overlap y mm n ggg Output of 4 pages 2 wide to 4 Print pages No of copies m Cancel In the upper group box the maximum dimensions which the printer can accept are given Below this the dimensions of the image to be printed are given If the image is larger than the output format of the printer the image will be printed to several pages in the above ex ample 4 In order to facilitate better re connection of the images the possibility of enter ing an overlap for each page in x and y direction is given Alternatively you also have the possibility of selecting a smaller zoo
109. oundations Triangular foundations P with vibrodisplacement compaction Cancel To define the drilling points proceed analogous to the descriptions in Sections 6 2 2 to 6 2 5 and enter the coordinates layer depths and soil properties at the drilling points in the corresponding menu items see Table 1 to Table 3 in the system data in Section 6 2 1 If you have previously worked through the example for analysis of rectangular foundations the following prompt box opens when changing to triangular foundations via File New SS x M Keep soil stratification M Convert rectangular foundations to triangular foundations Cancel All of the previous data on the drilling points and the triangular mesh can be retained by activating the Keep soil stratification check box The rectangular foundations can also be directly con verted to triangular foundations If the check box is deactivated the foundations must be entered again from scratch 6 3 2 Define triangle mesh The triangle mesh for the constrained modulus profiles is generated analogous to the description in Section 6 2 6 If the Keep soil stratification check box was activated when changing from rec tangular to triangular foundations the triangle mesh is also transferred GGU SETTLE User Manual Page 24 of 108 August 2014 6 3 3 Define triangular foundations After defining the constrained modulus profile distribution throughout the triangle mesh you can enter the
110. quadrilateral a favourable data basis for triangulation and thus for the presentation of contours 6 2 13 Evaluate and visualise results After calculations are complete the results can be evaluated in a variety of ways e Evaluation Settlement location display options menu item The calculated settlements will be displayed in their appropriate positions If after calculat ing you have altered input values the settlements will not be shown You must then have the system recalculated e Evaluation Settlement contours menu item The program will carry out a triangulation of all calculated settlements By interpolation within this triangle mesh which is not identical to the above described triangle mesh for the constrained modulus profile lines of equal settlement will then be drawn In the Special menu it is possible to calculate settlement depressions stress distribution and lines of equal settlement along straight vertical sections In accordance with the principle of What you see is what you get you can at any stage of evalua tion send the current screen contents to the printer see menu item File Print and export button Printer Section 8 1 7 GGU SETTLE User Manual Page 23 of 108 August 2014 6 3 Analysis of triangular foundations 6 3 1 Define borehole points First select the menu item File New and activate the Triangular foundations check box Type of foundation xX Type of foundation k Rectangular f
111. rasandcs 95 S V1 Move objects ment iten seer a E E E N EA 95 8 9 12 Load graphics preferences menit tenir reocia a E N EEN 96 8 9 13 Save graphics preferences menu 1tem sssseesseeeeeeesesssssssssssseterreeressssssssseees 96 SIO Paesi ze Mar NS IMENU n E E 97 SLOT Aurores ze TMCNU ICI oy hcs9i cles wtidr ls acl ahcsbeuleataasanenbertielauaviaecver antowan nak enennte 97 8 10 2 Manual resize MOUSE MENU 1tOM cece eeccccceecceeeeeccceeseceeescceeesececeeeeceeanees 97 8 10 3 Manual resize editor MENU ITEM a a a E EEEn 97 5 104 Font size selection menu eM csar a E canta ted ae deren 97 8 10 5 Page size and margins menu item sesssssssssssseeetrreresssssssssssseeterereressssssssssee 98 GGU SETTLE User Manual Page 5 of 108 August 2014 Batlle SMC TAU eea ite aad unteaaueeeninensardemaamssemen iaetanisaaueennansondaniaamecenaniaebonseaneasbensondananant 99 SLI Copyneht menu Menors eE E eicaaees 99 SZ GGU On the web meni Neea a 99 Sla GGU support mMenu eMis TEN 99 Sedu Ap Maxima men teni srny a aE A AT T T 99 SLES meni e Die A EAA 99 8 11 6 Test vibrodisplacement compaction menu item essssssssssssseeeeeeressssssssssssee 100 S LLA Whats new menu ENa a E cates 101 Si LLS Trans torm all menuei cierpienia EEEE EAE EOE 101 8 11 9 Language preferences menu item essssssssssssooeeeerrssssssssssssseeererrresssssssssssees 101 De SPS AMO iCk Seisei orearen a TENES NENE
112. re normally drawn via the system representation If the Mini CAD objects are to be positioned behind the graphics this can be specified in the pop up menu of the Mini CAD module layer dialogue in Mini CAD Presentation button By deactivating the corresponding check boxes in the menu item Page size margins Page size and margins the defined borders and page margins may be switched off see Section 8 10 5 Visualisation of the constrained modulus mesh and the constrained modulus node numbers can also be deactivated In the Constrained modulus profile group box visualisation of the individual profiles can be altered or switched off completely by deactivating the With constrained modulus profiles check box Depth factor allows you to control the length of the profile columns in the presenta tion GGU SETTLE User Manual Page 73 of 108 August 2014 The foundation name and the stresses on rectangular foundations can also be visualised as shown above An option box appears for triangular foundations instead of the two check boxes allowing the user to decide whether stress excavation unloading or the foundation base are displayed at the foundation nodes If the Automatic soil colours check box is activated the constrained modulus profile layers will be automatically assigned soils colours by the program If the check box is not selected the soil colours individually defined using the Soil colours button will be adopted 8 7 2 S
113. s graphically as a settlement de pression A user defined section can be specified using this menu item Left click the required settlement points displayed on the screen If settlement values have not yet been calculated it is of course not possible to define a section After defining the section visualisation of the settle ment depression can be achieved using the menu item Evaluation Display settlements in sec tion see Section 8 7 15 8 7 13 Automatic multi node section menu item This menu item allows automatic specification of a section course The calculated user defined settlements will be combined to a section in accordance with the their specification sequence A message on the number of nodes used is then displayed CN xi Section with 100 nodes created Display sechon v If Yes is clicked the settlement depression is displayed on the screen 8 7 14 Display multi node section course menu item The location of the section in plan can be displayed again using this menu item First a dialogue box opens allowing the settlements to be selected for visualisation The colour and width of the pen for the section in the screen graphics can be defined in the menu item Graphics prefer ences Pen colour and width see Section 8 9 3 The same visualisation is duplicated in a smaller size in the Section course legend which is auto matically displayed during section visualisation see Section 8 9 10 8 7 15 Displa
114. sssseseeseeeeeeeeees 88 8 8 11 Vertical settlements section menu item cc eeeeeeseseeeccceeeeceeeeeaaeeseeesesseeeeeeeess 89 8 8 12 Normal contours vertical settlements menu 1f M cece ceeeccceesececeeeeeeeeeees 89 8 8 13 Coloured contours vertical settlements menu item ce eecccceeeecceeeeeceeenees 89 8 8 14 Display section course vertical settlements menu 1tOM cseeeeeeeseeeeeeeeees 89 8 8 15 Stresses for GGU CONSOLIDATE menu item ccccssseeseeeeeeeeeeeeees 89 9 9 Graphics preferences Me IMs dc2sendedeasaacdevaseanucneedsedies dou dadoarduadionsmiamtiesdccdietseebeubanteadeaseucs 90 9k Rerresmand zoom Menu em cscs acsiwdnwn Gens tera oa erenns pene agents 90 S 9 2 ZOOM Os TMC MCR ate ete Ot east clare eels eee Sadar Reith usta SSRs 90 8 9 3 Pen colour and width MENU itemise oients innere eaa de aeei ea aai 90 99A Lescehd font SClECHON menu MEM ecussadisuncitondsiinendcabsedduiabledeatebesboadshtoosiean N 91 8 9 5 Mini CAD toolbar and Header toolbar menu items cc cceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeees 91 6 9 0 LOODA prelcrences Ment eN rsi a einedseniaetnadenancanmibintendotuedaeeatais 91 SAT DODI MENE ienige A E T 92 S28 General legend menu eNieer sirian aR E EENE N EEA 93 6 909 SO properties keseid Men SIN ssi seccinnctcntun abated a Wauiesseiusckasd 94 9 9 10 Section co rs legend menu LEI 3295 5 0006enassnacenncsespueaneshensneeenant sabe neuseno
115. ssssssseereeeo 65 8 5 9 Generate nodes in array menu item sssssoooeeeessssssssssssssettrerersssssssssssseseeeeeeo 65 8 5 10 Values for all foundations menu ICM eee ccccccccesseseecceeceaeeeeeeeceeeeeaueeeeeees 66 SAL Manuali mesh ment te eisrean E E 66 so LLZ AMO mati menmi TEE aa E a a A N Guateteenats 66 8 313 Delete nodes and Mesh MENU IEM nienacriisviren iaaii nni a 66 8 5 14 Refine individual elements menu item cece c cece cc sseeeeecccececaeeeeecceeeeaaaeeeeess 67 SJL D Refin SIEMENS 1 SECON ment IEn neoion a a iastaarn Meade 67 8 5 16 Refine all elements menu 1EM cc eeeeeecccceceeeeeeecceeeceaeeeeeeceeeseaaeeeeeeceeeeas 67 8 317 Results menu Nemee nanan aie cabauaies coanwacubouned accwatadebstwea NA a 67 8 3 18 Check foundations menu iten Gisideeciusceanedisacanaebizeadesh donb an a 68 8 319 Contours MENU eies E EE aan 69 op 4 0 Tet mesh menu MeMa A nn 69 8 53 21 Generate foundations menu iteMiimiriisik ennienni e AE 70 OO oy e E a a a a ce 71 SOL Mo mente a E nn ee 71 8 6 2 Project identification menu item essessssssssssesoeetererresssssssssssseererreressssssssssee 71 80 LAREDO depth meni Mem nesie ne a e aae a hades 71 8 04 Analysis options menu temenin inei a EEE EE a 71 B20 5 Analyse MICH We His eee erties apie saute evel a a eee hea tinal alcaats T2 8 6 6 Precision menu item for triangular foundations only eeeeesssssssssssssseereeee 12 6
116. t 2014 8 5 4 Edit nodes via table menu item Using this menu item you can edit the coordinates of the existing foundation nodes or enter new ones After clicking on it the following dialogue box appears Change coordinates l x Ear Back Cancel Done Go to no El o nodes to edit Mo sim urn sigmalkh rf sigma el KN re Foundation base m 1 40000 140000 2000000 f ooo o s000 2 11 0000 140000 f 200 0000 f ooooo f osoo0 3 11 0000 f 18 0000 2000000 f ooo f oso 4 40000 18 0000 f 2000000 f ooo oso00 5 14 0000 sooo 2000000 oon os000 E i g T i 17 0000 6 0000 200 0000 0 0000 0 5000 17 0000 11 0000 200 0000 0 0000 0 5000 14 0000 17 0000 200 0000 0 0000 0 8000 mela ia mel gaa If the current number of nodes needs to be edited click the x nodes to edit button and enter the new number of nodes It also possible to delete nodes by reducing the number Any existing foun dation mesh is also deleted Navigate through the table using Forw and Back Each new foundation node is initially assigned the default values for stress excavation unloading and foun dation base see menu item Triangular foundations Default values Section 8 5 2 The data can then be edited in the table 8 5 5 Move nodes menu item After clicking this menu item an info box is displayed The foundation nodes can be moved when holding the left mouse button The coordinates of the current node are displayed in
117. te foundation The following operations are possible e Done You return to the original menu bar e Edit base data You can enter or edit the base data for the corresponding foundation see the following Section 8 4 1 3 e Delete foundation After a safety request the current foundation can be deleted e View results The calculated settlements will be displayed If certain settlement values have not yet been calculated the corresponding entries will remain empty e Print results The results for the currently selected foundation will be sent to the printer e Duplicate foundation You can duplicate the current foundation You can then edit the base data of the duplicated foundation GGU SETTLE User Manual Page 53 of 108 August 2014 8 4 1 3 Edit base data After clicking in the Edit base data box you can enter or edit the base data for the correspond ing foundation The following window will open Foundation no 1 x Foundation designation F1 Foundation base m b GL 0 500 nia Excavation unloading kM 0 000 Automatic Foundation coordinates in m left 4 000 y bottom 14 000 Length 000 Yi ith 4 000 Angle 0 000 Stresses kN frre Top left 200 00 Top right 200 00 Bottom left 200 00 Bottom right 200 00 cal Calculate stresses from M and W Cancel You enter foundation designation and foundation base Furthermore an excavation u
118. than the influence distance If you have defined a lot of foundations the calculation time can become quite long as for each point at which the settlement is calculated the influence of all foundations is considered The influence of a foundation on the current settlement decreases with increasing distance You can thus achieve a reduction of calculation duration using the influence distance A reliable state ment on influence distances cannot be given as the foundation loading also plays a large role If you are unsure use as in the above dialogue box a very large value and if you are calculating a lot of foundations allow yourself a coffee during calculations Any calculation and presentation can be prematurely cancelled using the right mouse button e With vibrodisplacement compaction Activate vibrodisplacement compaction adoption after Priebe Heinz J Priebe Die Bemes sung von Riittelstopfverdichtung Ground Engineering December 1995 using this check box e Use kappa correction coefficients DIN 4019 By activating this check box the kappa correction coefficients compliant with DIN 4019 Table 1 can be adopted for settlement analysis GGU SETTLE User Manual Page 21 of 108 August 2014 6 2 11 Calculate foundation settlements After defining a foundation you can have the system calculated In principle we can differentiate between analysis of foundation settlements and the analysis of user defined settlements The two cal
119. ths of nodes After entering nodes you can edit the depths at the nodes for the individual layers For this select the menu item Soils Edit layer depths A double click in the area of the node will then suffice to call up the following dialogue box Layers at point no 3 x Ear Back Cancel Load Apply to all Save No Base m b GL gam kN m Es MNof Esli MN Designation 1 20 1800 12 00 30 00 sil 2 50 1000 45 00 110 00 Sand 3 1500 11 00 6 00 15 00 Clay silty This box is absolutely identical to the box for default depths The only difference is that any changes made are with reference to the current node Depths are entered as m below ground level Edit the input for the drilling points at which the layer depths deviate from the default section in accordance with Table 3 BP 1 BP 3 and BP 4 6 2 6 Define triangle mesh After you have defined at least 3 nodes borehole points you must connect these nodes to a trian gle mesh to allow the program to interpolate when calculating There are two possibilities e Mesh Manual mesh menu item You must click on the three nodes to be connected to a triangle Mistakenly created trian gles can be deleted by clicking on the three nodes once again e Mesh Automatic menu item The program carries out a so called triangulation and connects all nodes to a triangle mesh Subsequently you still have the possibility of deleting triangles by using the menu item Mesh
120. tion COpy print ccceeeeeeeees 92 104 Pagination automatic cccceeeeeeeeeeeees 36 37 Pens define for graphical elements 90 Plot Mar CIS define heise vemstsrawtlee Wincott 98 Poisson s ratio deactivate display in legend 94 Print graphie Seriar eina N 38 Pint OU OU Eta Dl Griese ia ceive tiara s 39 Print setti enanar 39 92 104 Print S Vetal MleS a AG 40 Printet preferent Saoirse asear 37 38 Program Preferences ccccccceeeceeeeeeeeeeeeeees 96 Program show default maximum values 99 Program show improvements 0006 101 Program show information 0 ceeeee 99 Project data integrate via Mini CAD 91 Project identification display 0000000eeesese000 93 Project identification enteP essere 71 R Radius ratio constrained mod mesh elemen hatte eet A 48 Rectangular foundations define via CONOR EEEE EEEE EEEE POE TEA AET 17 52 Rectangular foundations define via MOUSE CNE Kenese a eed ian 55 Rectangular foundations delete all 58 Rectangular foundations delete mdividually sereia lt aceass 53 58 Refinement methods for triangle elements 50 Scale delie naanin aai iaiia 97 Scale dit USING Tacto misisse 101 SCLOM TNS SCHOO vesccsinissess iedesbssiiedesecrrianaalas 102 Section course show in legend ccce 95 Section activate labelling table 85
121. tlements define section via Mouse Ce Rora EA EA 82 User defined settlements delete all points 81 August 2014 User defined settlements load all points 81 User defined settlements save all points 81 User defined settlements specify section course automatically cee 83 User defined settlements visualise as settlement depression scsserscecvederccswernarcccewes 83 y Version number display in a message box 99 Vertical settlements display as contours in user defined section cccsseeeeeeeeeeees 89 Vibrodisplacement compaction activate AU OPUOM ah iea E E EE 21 GGU SETTLE User Manual Page 108 of 108 Vibrodisplacement compaction activate explanation in legend sssseeeeeeeeeees 94 Vibrodisplacement compaction enter soil POPETI Seaia R 42 What you see is what you get eeseeesseosssssse 90 Z Zoom factor define for full screen display 90 ZOOM NCO a e A EOSS 90 Zoom function activate eee ee eeeeeeeee 92 102 August 2014
122. tresses kN frre Top left 200 00 Top right 200 00 Bottom left 200 00 Bottom right 200 00 cal Calculate stresses from M and W Cancel GGU SETTLE User Manual Page 17 of 108 August 2014 After the foundation designation you enter the depth of the foundation base FB the excavation unloading the foundation dimensions and the corner stresses For linear stress distribution input of three stress values is sufficient The fourth value then results automatically If foundations are already defined you can also reach this dialogue box by double clicking in the foundation sur round on the screen 6 2 8 Check input data The input for the foundations can be checked using the menu item Foundations Check founda tions The foundations are visualised with corner stresses In the dialogue box specify the addi tional input data to be visualised Check foundations x Show what lw Stresses Excavation unloading sige I Foundation bases i Foundation names Font size rom 20 canes A contour diagram of the layer base can be generated to check the layer depths that have been entered To do this select the menu item Soils Layer base contours CT x Which of the 3 layer bases as contours Layer no PE l Coloured Cancel Enter the number of the required layer Deactivate the Coloured check box if a normal line diagram is required for contour visualisation Confirm with OK
123. triangular foundations The definition of triangular foundations is different to that of rectangular foundations as a much more flexible input is possible Input of triangular foundations is very similar to the definition of constrained modulus profiles If the check box Convert rec tangular foundations to triangular foundations was activated when changing from rectangular foundations to triangular foundations the foundations corner points and triangle mesh are trans ferred directly If you have started again from scratch define the corner points of the triangular foundations ac cording to Table 4 in the system data see Section 6 2 1 You can do this with the mouse e g For this select the menu item Triangular foundations Define nodes Now click on the corner points of the triangular foundation with the mouse If the same system is to be calculated as in Section 6 2 these are then the four corner points of both foundations If you define a new triangu lar foundation corner point with the mouse this node will be assigned the values given in the menu item Triangular foundations Default values Default values x Determine excavation unloading automatically sigma kM 200 000 Excavation Unloading KN re 0 000 Foundation base rn 0 800 Cancel These default values can then be individually adjusted using the menu item Triangular founda tions Edit nodes individually Alternatively to clicking with the mouse you can
124. troid within this quadrilateral will be de leted If the Delete nodes and mesh button is pressed the complete mesh and all foundation nodes are deleted GGU SETTLE User Manual Page 66 of 108 August 2014 8 5 14 Refine individual elements menu item Foundation mesh elements can be selected for individual refinement using this menu item after selecting the refining method Three different methods can be used for triangle mesh refinement Method 3 generally gives the best mesh refinement and is recommended A description of the 3 refinement methods can be found in Section 8 3 15 8 5 15 Refine elements in section menu item A number of elements of the foundation mesh previously enveloped in a polygon can be refined using this menu item A description of the 3 refinement methods can be found in Section 8 3 15 8 5 16 Refine all elements menu item All elements of the triangle foundation mesh can be refined using this menu item A description of the 3 refinement methods can be found in Section 8 3 15 8 5 17 Results menu item The results of the settlement analysis for selected triangular foundations can be viewed in a mes sage box using this menu item If the system has not yet been analysed only the triangular founda tion point coordinates and foundation base are displayed in the message box For example after clicking an analysed triangular foundation the following results are displayed Triangle 1 x Triangle 1
125. ts section you can move directly to the normal contour dia gram using this menu item The familiar dialogue box opens see Section 8 7 3 2 8 8 13 Coloured contours vertical settlements menu item If the settlements for the specified section have already been calculated using the menu item Spe cial Vertical settlements section you can move directly to the coloured contour diagram using this menu item The familiar dialogue box opens see Section 8 7 3 3 8 8 14 Display section course vertical settlements menu item The location of the vertical settlements in plan can be displayed again using this menu item and be printed as an appendix to the report for example The same visualisation is duplicated in a smaller size in the Section course legend which is automatically displayed during section visualisation see Section 8 9 10 8 8 15 Stresses for GGU CONSOLIDATE menu item If a stress section was previously defined see Section 8 8 4 the stress distributions at the ana lysed points can be exported to the GGU CONSOLIDATE program Select the required point in a dialogue box and save the stress distribution to a kon_spg file GGU SETTLE User Manual Page 89 of 108 August 2014 8 9 Graphics preferences menu 8 9 1 Refresh and zoom menu item The program works on the principle of What you see is what you get This means that the screen presentation represents overall what you will see on your printer In the last conseq
126. ts with the aid of the mouse Move the mouse over the object to be moved When you are located above a moveable object the mouse pointer appears in the shape of a cross You can now press and hold the left mouse button and drag the object to the required position After going to this menu item only one object at a time can be moved using the mouse or its size be altered In order to move or edit several objects this function can be more quickly activated by pressing F11 or the icon The size of an object can also be altered using this menu item or the F11 key If you move over the frame of a changeable object after activating this function the mouse assumed the shape of a double headed arrow Hold the left mouse button and move the frame until the element has reached the required size To retain the ratio of the sides pull at one corner only If on one side only is pulled the object will become higher or wider GGU SETTLE User Manual Page 95 of 108 August 2014 8 9 12 Load graphics preferences menu item You can reload a graphics preferences file into the program which was saved using the Graph ics preferences Save graphics preferences menu item Only the corresponding data will be refreshed 8 9 13 Save graphics preferences menu item Some of the preferences you made with the menu items of the Graphics preferences menu can be saved to a file If you select GGU SETTLE alg as file name and save the file on the same leve
127. ual Page 11 of 108 August 2014 We have a 3 layer system The individual layers have the following soil properties p Soil type Unit weight Constrained mod Constrained mod Poisson s of soil initial loading reloading a kN m3 MN m MN m C Oba o wo oo Table 2 Soil types and soil properties Unit weight input is only decisive if the limiting depth is to be calculated with a percentage value of the overburden stress Constrained modulus input for reloading is only decisive when founda tions with excavation unloading are being processed The layers at the individual boreholes measured from ground level GL reach the following depths Borehole Layer base 1 Layer base 2 Layer base 3 m b GL m b GL m b GL Table 3 Layer depths In the example two foundations with the designations F1 and F2 are present Foundation x left y bot Foundation Length Width m tom pressure m m m kN m Table 4 Foundation dimensions and pressure Both foundations have their base at 0 8 m below ground level GGU SETTLE User Manual Page 12 of 108 August 2014 6 2 2 Define soils First select the menu item File New and activate the Rectangular foundations check box Type of foundation BE Type of foundation f Rectangular foundations Triangular foundations With vibrodisplacement compaction Cancel The first step in a calculation using the GGU SETTLE program is the definition o
128. ue This will of course cost you calculation time Activate the check box es of choice and click OK You may see a note on the specified special preferences first Acknowledge the notes and start the analysis Information on analysis progress 1s displayed in the status bar Once analysis is complete the foundation settlements are entered in the foundation centre in the corners and in the characteristic points depending on the preferences specified above If you have calculated a system and then edited any input values e g foundation dimensions foundation stress type of limiting depth calculation etc the program deletes all calculated set tlements as they are then no longer valid for the altered system If you have already defined user defined settlement points within the framework of previous calculations you can have these set tlements recalculated by activating the Calculate settlements at user defined points check box GGU SETTLE User Manual Page 28 of 108 August 2014 6 3 7 Calculate user defined settlements With user defined settlements we mean analysis of settlements at any point inside or outside of the foundations The position of these points is not restricted to the foundation geometry They can be user specified in a variety of ways If you are completely uninterested in the settlements at the special foundation points you can go directly to the Evaluation and Special menus to calculate and display user defi
129. uence this would mean that the screen presentation would have to be refreshed after every alteration you make For reasons of efficiency and as this can take several seconds for complex screen contents the screen is not refreshed after every alteration If e g after using the zoom function see below only part of the image is visible you can achieve a complete view using this menu item Use current zoom of J 1 000 24 os os 10 15 25 40 20 Cancel A zoom factor between 0 4 and 8 0 can be entered in the input box By then clicking on Use to exit the box the current factor is accepted By clicking on the 0 4 0 6 etc buttons the se lected factor is used directly and the dialogue box closed It is much simpler however to get a complete overview using Esc Pressing Esc allows a com plete screen presentation using the zoom factor specified in this menu item The F2 key allows screen refreshing without altering the coordinates and zoom factor 8 9 2 Zoom info menu item By clicking two diametrically opposed points you can enlarge a section of the screen in order to view details better An information box provides information on activating the zoom function and on available options 8 9 3 Pen colour and width menu item For reasons of clarity different colours are used as default for the graphical representation of draw downs contour lines groundwater etc You can edit the pen widths for the elements sho
130. user defined settlements lw With dialogue box Cancel Info If the With dialogue box check box is activated the coordinates and the analysed settlements are displayed in a message box immediately after clicking the point This message box must then be closed by pressing OK in order to return to the screen graphics and determine the settlements at further points GGU SETTLE User Manual Page 80 of 108 August 2014 8 7 6 Settlements on a line menu item This menu item supports analysis of user defined settlements along a user defined line The line is determined with the left mouse button For this two points must be clicked The user must then enter the number of subdivisions The settlements along the line will then be calculated in accordance with this number Settlements on a line x The line can be specified either by clicking the end points of the line or by specifying the end coordinates iM Delete curent user defined settlements Cancel Coordinates If you exit the box by pressing OK the line is defined by clicking two points with the left mouse button and then entering the number of subdivisions The settlements along the line are calculated at these points However it is also possible to define the two line end points by specify ing their coordinates To do this click the Coordinates button If user defined settlements have already been calculated the above check box is also displayed If you would l
131. wn in the dialogue box by clicking on the button with the element designation you can also edit the pen or fill colours On monochrome printers e g laser printers colours are shown in a corresponding grey scale Graphic elements employing very light colours may be difficult to see In such cases it makes sense to edit the colour preferences GGU SETTLE User Manual Page 90 of 108 August 2014 8 9 4 8 9 5 8 9 6 Legend font selection menu item With this menu item you can switch to a different true type font All available true type fonts are displayed in the dialogue box Mini CAD toolbar and Header toolbar menu items Using these two menu items you can add free text to the graphics and add lines circles polygons and images e g files in formats BMP JPG PSP TIF etc The same pop up menu opens for both menu items the icons and functions used are described in more detail in the Mini CAD manual provided The differences between the Mini CAD and Header CAD are as follows e Objects created with Mini CAD are based on the coordinate system generally in metres in which the drawing is produced and are shown accordingly You should use the Mini CAD toolbar when you wish to add information to the system for example labelling of slope inclinations or the location of any foundations e Objects created with the Header CAD are based on the page format in mm This makes you independent of the coordinate system and keeps
132. y settlements in section menu item The settlements within the defined section using the menu item Evaluation Define multi node section and Evaluation Automatic multi node section are visualised as a settlement depres sion after going to this menu item The program automatically optimises the coordinate system used GGU SETTLE User Manual Page 83 of 108 August 2014 8 8 Special menu 8 8 1 Settlement depression section menu item This menu item allows the calculation and presentation of settlement depressions In contrast to the settlement depression defined using the menu item Evaluation Define multi node section by connecting previously analysed settlement points this vertical section is always along a straight line This is on the one hand a restriction but on the other hand offers more clarity as the soil stratification and positions of foundations are shown in such a section In principle this is the menu item of choice when it comes to displaying settlement depressions Specify the means of defining the section in the dialogue box Settlement depression x Click on any two points with the left rouse button to define a section Right mouse button to undo Yia editor Load section OF Cancel For this type of evaluation the section course is no longer bound to the settlement points but con sists of a start and an end point Using the Via editor button you can specify the start and end points using nu

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