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VibWire-108 Manual - Keynes Controls Ltd

1. ik ia Auromution 3 E eh pe fp C JET Hz dee gmr a n ee A S Data Logger SCADA Se are Application Oe ee 3 SAHA Application Data Recording a E a m SCADA Application RS 485 Network n gt T e Expansion a Port y a D E S 3 gt Indi File Reports System Control File Ra antro Help cara oo a Alarms Status Messages ae 6 The VibWire 108 supports the full 4 wire gauge input and can use any in built thermistor temperature sensor All of the vibrating wire sensor interfaces and digital network port are protected by gas discharge tube in order to prevent damage by local lightning strikes VibWire 108 User Manual V1 09 25 24 0 Keyboard User Command Summary The details below show the keyboard menu system built into the VibWire 108 Per Period Freq Frequency in Hz Pst Percentage of range Disp o A Analg Activate analogue outputs Per SERAL Activate SDI 12 or 485 ports for data Sensor scan period ee Freq COd Channel 0 Real time results display Instrument identifier 0 9 SDI12 1 31 Modbus 0 31 A Z RS485 Pst Cid Channel 1 Real time results display S 15S C2d Channel 2 Real time results display o Select number and type of sensor output for data jp Range 1MIN re Tra transmission when operating in cable f
2. For the RS 485 network this identifier is in the range 0 9 a z For the SDI 12 network then the ID number is in the range 0 9 Additional ID numbers are supported a z For Modbus operations the ID number is currently limited to 1 32 13 0 Start Measurement Commands There are 2 separate commands supported by the VibWire 108 for initiating measurements across an RS 485 network and are named aM and aC Table 1 includes a complete description of the commands used by the VibWire 108 The aM starts a measurement and responds as soon as the data is ready to be transmitted from the instrument This command returns all instrument sensor inputs as a string The aC command starts concurrent operations that are used to initiate measurements upon multiple instruments deployed across the network The aC command frees the network bus so that other devices can operate freely 14 0 Advice on the choice of measurement commands The VibWire 108 supports both the individual and concurrent start measurement commands Keynes recommends using individual start measurement commands where there are large distances between devices and the network cable installation quality is poor Should there be substantial voltage losses on the supply cable then the additional load of a lot of Sensors scanning simultaneously may cause errors with some instruments being unable to operate correctly For fast results and small scale systems then the concu
3. S 4 RS485 SDI2 3 l gt E a Fig 6 12V DC RS 485 1 Earth nnection Gnd 0V 6 arth Connectio RS 485 o Ensure that a good Earth connection is made and fitted to each instrument in order that the lightning protection discharge tubes will operate Lightning protection is provided for all VW sensor inputs and between the o E iatl RS 485 OV pins sey Slee Important Note RS 485 Network Connection Failure to fit the Earth connection will prevent the lightning protection from operating 6 2 PC Data Acquisition System RS 485 Solution Additional Information Channel 1 micro Strain HUGS bB38 ate A A PC based RS 485 system can operate with up to 32 instruments and to a direct network span of up cjg 35987 to 1000 m This is an ideal solution for large distributed applications The USB RS 485 media converter only controls the network lines Individual instruments use their own local power supply and are active continually 6 3 Large Scale Systems Deployment SDI 12 Network oo For applications requiring a large number of distributed instruments then simply adding a new USB RS485 media converter to a PC will enable multiple network systems to operate together MIOMION ZL I0S Expansion Port The Keynes Controls Q LOG software enables unlimited expansion by adding new networks to a PC at any time In fact the software is flexible enough to enable SDI 12 and 485 networks to coexist enabling ma
4. The layout of the registers used to hold the sensor data values is shown in the tables below 1 1 11 1 1 1 1 M1 1 1 M 1 1 1 A ES dka JE ESA ES A E E A A A 4 12V DC BALPxY s il Solar DC Vibrating Wire Sensors Analogue Output M9 7 Vibrating Wire Sensor T Thermistor Analog input Jo Earth Ground Vibrating Wire Sensor Interface Model VibWire 108 Output SS l Me POSTAL DOAA DAOR 23 2 Data Format The Modbus version of the instrument stores data into a series of 4 byte registers as shown below Information is stored as a floating point 4 byte number The data is Hex format with the high word being the first 2 bytes and the last being in the next 2 bytes as shown System Information The last 2 registers in the VibWire 108 are used to check the data integrity Register with address 32 increments upon the completion of an instrument scan and is used to show that the instrument is still operating Register with address 34 increments when the VibWire 108 receives a new Modbus Read Input Registers FC 04 command The tables below show how the registers holding the VibWire 108 data is stored Address Offset Parameter Description 0 Chan 0 Freq High order word 1 Low order word 2 Chan 1 Freq High order word 3 Low order word 4 Chan 2 Freq High order word 5 Low order word 6 Chan 3 Freq High order word 7 Low order word 8 Chan 4 Freq High order word 9 Low order word 10 Chan 5 Freq
5. Vibrating wire data 4D1 Instrument responds 4 1021 5 0000 0 1141 2 0000 0 0000 0 is returned when no sensor installed 17 6 Temperature Current loop Data Format For an instrument with 7 VW sensors installed 4D2 Instrument responds 4 0050 6 0056 1 0101 2 0017 0 shows results with only 7 temperature values mV 4D3 Instrument responds 4 0051 4 0058 3 0110 2 0000 0 No Data is available Instrument responds a r n or this example Arn Note The temperature values are in mV only Thermistor linearisation is needed is convert the results into engineering values VibWire 108 User Manual V1 09 17 18 0 Connection to an Analogue Data Acquisition System The following details show how to configure and optimise the VibWire 108 analogue outputs to operate with a analogue input data acquisition system or logger unit Technical Specifications Analogue Output Ports 8 x 0 2 5V DC single analogue output ports 16 bit DAC User C IK 8x thermistor outputs 3 3 KOhm completion resistors ser Control Keys Menu out Down Up Menu in 18 1 Theory of Operation Fig 11 The VW 108 can be connected to an external data acquisition system or data logger using the analogue output ports fitted onto the instrument In order that the correct values can be interpreted by the logger acquisition system they are first scaled into a suitable e analogue signal by the VW 108 before being passed on for measurement Each output CHA y channel ca
6. kigf HyperTerminal oe _ x eie gr File Edit View Call Transfer Help Dls mp9 Thermistor type 1 1 Type 2 Resistance at TO ohms 3 TO Celcuis 4 Beta 4000 0 gt Steinhart Hart Oth order 0 0033540 6 Steinhart Hart 1st order 2 562 7E 4 7 Steinhart Hart 2nd order 2 0829E 6 8 Steinhart Hart 3rd order 7 3003E 8 U Up T Top Pluck Control Menu La kjgf HyperTerminal File Edit View Call Transfer Help Pluck Control 1 Initial Pluck 2 CHO Centre frequency 3 CH1 Centre frequency 4 CH2 Centre frequency gt CH3 Centre frequency 6 CH4 Centre frequency 7 CHS Centre frequency 8 CH6 Centre frequency 9 CH Centre frequency Up T Top o Soo kigf HyperTerminal File Edit View Call Transfer Help Dela aa Channel 2 1 Frequency proc 2 Thermistor type 1 U Up T Top This is the default menu that appears upon activating the terminal menu system Models VibWire 108 SDI12 and VibWire 108 RS485 support 2 individually configured thermistor temperature sensors The sensors configuration details are stored as Thermistor type 1 and Thermistor type 2 The menu opposite shows the thermistor type menu Use this menu to set the thermistor calculation to Steinhart Hart or Beta The pluck control menu system defines the operating range of a vibrating wire sensor input channels Each vibrating wire sensor input can be individually configure
7. 108 User Manual V1 09 15 17 0 Examples Of Using RS 485 SDI 12 Commands The following examples show how to undertake the various tasks needed to setup and make readings across the RS 485 and SDI 12 networks The command structure between the SDI 12 and RS485 models is essentially the same except all RS 485 commands use the sigh at the start of all instructions The SDI 12 networks only supports up to 10 instruments with address range 0 to 9 unless otherwise stated 17 1 Changing the ID Number address The following example demonstrates how to change the instrument ID number from the default factory setting O to 5 Use the command aAb where a Start ID b Final ID SDI 12 master sends OAS Instrument responds 5 rnn Return New Line 5 representing new ID number RS 485 master sends 0A5 Instrument responds 5 rin Return New Line 5 representing new ID number 17 2 ID Number Query This command has been included to remain compatible with the SDI 12 and should be used for used with single instrument operations only Useful command when identifying ID numbers for instruments to be deployed on a multi instrument network The example below is to show the ID number of a single instrument OV Ee Mie command tee The 2 command only works when a single instrument is in operation master sends Instrument responds 3 r n_ Return New Line 3 is the ID number 17 3 Start measurements for Instruments on a ne
8. 108 interface unit electric motor high current power cables etc then relocate or reorient the gauge for minimum pickup Ensure that only shielded cable is used and that the shielding is terminated at a single point to prevent capacitive pickup VibWire 108 User Manual V1 09 20 21 0 Vibrating Wire Sensor Installation The vibrating wire sensors are connected directly into the VW Sensor Input channels as shown below The instrument contains a completion resistor for the thermistor sensor enabling the temperature reading to be made along with the vibrating wire sensor readings The VibWire 108 can be used with most different thermistors used within the vibrating wire sensors Connection to the instrument is as follows Figure 14A Figure 14 Sheath Amoured Cable Thermistor prono da data sheet to obtain Steinhart Hart or Beta values for temperature sensor values VW Sensor Input Ports 21 1 Common Earth Points In order to ensure that there are sufficient points to terminate sensor sheathing when armoured cable is used to connect a sensor to the VibWire 108 the following terminal points are internally wired in common Earth Earth Earth Earth Gnd On the power supply connection terminals Therm Sense on both the sensor input and analogue output terminals Fig 14A shows how the channels are wired together to form common earth connection Effectively all of the Earth Gnd Sense a
9. 2 Command as used by the AquaLOG to start a measurement on an ogee Commana i ith ID 4 and used to download 8 x frequenc laa cd instrument wit q y 7 Device 5 Command inputs and 8 x temperature levels 8 Device 6 Command 9 Device 7 Command A power up delay of 500 ms is needed before a measurement A Device 5 Commana canbe made B Device 9 Command C Device 10 Command U Up T Top Copyright Keynes Controls 2011 2012 Release Version 1 09 VibWire 108 User Manual V1 09 16 17 4 Start measurements using the concurrent command The VibWire 108 supports the aM and aC measurement commands The concurrent measurement aC command differs from the aM command as it frees the network after the initial command response to allow other devices to operate Concurrent measurements enable multiple instruments to respond faster to measurement commands on a network The disadvantage of using the aC command is that there can be greater power loss on the power supply network lines so good quality network cabling for long network strings should be used The aC command initiates the measurement cycle within the instrument to start reading from the sensors however the data still has to be requested from the VibWire 108 before being sent across the network Example of concurrent measurements for instruments with ID numbers 1 6 and 7 respectively For this example the instruments are instructed to start readings one at a time and the
10. Channel 0 7 aXCHOTN Thermistor type where a ID T Thermistor Type N Thermistor Channel Input 0 7 aXT1TYn a ID n integer0 2 VibWire 108 Response a r n a13KEYNESCOVibWire 1080001 r n Part Description assigned by Keynes a r n Where a number 0 9 for SDI 12 0 9 letters a z for RS485 A Z b r n a b number 0 9ora z a0268 r n instrument with address a returns 8 x vibwire amp 8 x temp after 60 seconds a0268 r n initial response only after receipt of instruct and no response when data ready to be sent XXXX X XXXX X XXXX X XXXX XIN Resistance at 25 Deg C TO generally 25 Deg C Beta Value A in Steinhart Hart B in Steinhart Hart C in Steinhart Hart D in Steinhart Hart Resistance at 25 Deg C TO generally 25 Deg C Beta Value A in Steinhart Hart B in Steinhart Hart C in Steinhart Hart D in Steinhart Hart 0 output in Hz 1 output in digits F 2 1000 2 use formula A B digits C digits 2 D temperature digits Frequency in units of Hz 0 Voltage ratio 1 Type 1 thermistor use XT1RE etc as above 2 Type 2 thermistor 11 Type 1 resistance ratio output Rt R25 12 Type 2 resistance ratio output Rt R25 99 Output mV at terminal 0 resistance ratio thermistor data sheet R Ros 1 Beta value calculation 1 T 1 To log r Beta where r R Ros 2 Steinhart hart equation 1 T A B Ln R Ros C Ln Ri Res D Ln R Ros VibWire
11. Displacement Sensor calibration data sheet Encardio rite Electronics Pvt Ltd LEA A 7 Industrial Estate Talkatora Road Lucknow UP 226011 India E mail geotech encardio com Iko Wencardio com Website www encardio com Appendix C Tel 91 522 2661039 40 41 42 Fax 91 522 2662403 DWT Traceable to standard no JO82301 T8F 281 TC ans TEST CERTIFICATE Customer P O No Instrument V W Piezometer Serial number XXXXX Capacity 350 kPa Input Observed value pressure Up1 Down Up2 kPa Digit Digit Digit 0 0 6555 9 6556 9 6556 9 70 0 6312 4 6312 6 6312 4 140 0 6064 0 6064 3 6063 1 210 0 5817 1 5818 4 5816 2 280 0 5569 8 5570 7 5568 0 350 0 5323 3 5323 3 5323 7 Digit f 1000 Linear gage factor G 2 8388E 01 kPa digit Thermal factor K Polynomial constants Pressure P is calculated wit Linear Polynomial Date 02 02 2012 Temperature 19 C Atm Pressure 100 kPa Average End Point Poly Fit Fit Digit kPa kPa 6556 4 0 0 0 3 6312 4 69 3 69 5 6063 5 139 9 140 1 5816 7 210 0 210 1 5568 9 280 3 280 3 5323 5 350 0 349 8 Use gage factor with minus sign with our read out unit Model EDI 51V 0 087 2 8085E 01 h the following equation P kPa G R0 R1 K T1 T0 S1 S0 kPa C P kPa A R1 B R1 C K T1 T0 S1 S0 R1 current reading amp RO is initial reading in digit C 1 8512E 03 S1 and T1 current atmospheric pressure kPa and temperature C Readings
12. High order word 11 Low order word 12 Chan 6 Freq High order word 13 Low order word 14 Chan 7 Freq High order word 15 Low order word 2 Bytes 2 Bytes Floating Point Data Value High Word Tel 0044 118 327 6067 Copyright AquaBat 2011 2012 BALPXY 7 12V DC SolariDC Fig 22 RS 485 Network Connection 23 1 Set up The VibWire 108 modbus has the calibration factors for the sensors installed via the terminal port See page 22 for details The same procedure for assigning calibration factors is used throughout the VibWire 108 range The number and type of sensor inputs to scan is assigned from the keyboard using the menu system See page 26 for more details The instrument scans automatically at the preset sample period and updates the register values upon completion of the opera tion New data values are only transmitted to the Modbus master upon receipt of the Read Register Input Command 23 3 Scanning The Instrument The VibWire 108 scans the Modbus network the automatically at a preset time period The User can select from scan period of 1S 5S 15S 1 MIN 1 HR 6 HR 24 HR The following Modbus command is used to get data from the VibWire 108 Read Input Registers FC 04 command Address Offset Parameter Description 16 Chan 0 Temp High order word 17 Low order word 18 Chan 1 Temp High order word 19 Low order word 20 Chan 2 Temp High order word 21 Low order word 22 Chan 3 Temp High order wo
13. InRinerm Conversion to Deg C is T0 1 273 15 C1 Co In Rtherm Ca InRinerm The sensor data sheet will show for the thermistor a calibration equation similar to that below The values for the parameter Ci Co amp C3 will be listed 1 T Cy Co Ln Rinerm Ga s Ln Rinerm 3 2 3 15 temp compcalv101 paf VibWire 108 User Manual V1 09 33 Example In Vibrating Wire sensors is the 44005RC Precision Epoxy NTC Thermistor is commonly used for temperature monitoring applications The data sheet for this product can be downloaded at http www aquabat net downloads 1350009 2 pdf The thermistor data sheet is valid to 11 12 2013 refer to the manufactures data sheet for the latest information An example Excel spreadsheet that demonstrates the temperature calculations can be downloaded at http www aquabat net downloads ThermistorWorksheet xls Example The VibWire 101 is can be set to give ratiometric or mV temperature values from the built in thermistor of a vibrating wire sensor depending upon the sensor configuration Ratiometric values are calculated between the 3300 Ohm pull up resistor and thermistor resistance and is value between 0 1 The Vibwire 101 has returned a value of 0 663 from the thermistor In the spreadsheet below the VW 101 gives a temperature value Ratiometric of 0 663 The constants A B and C are from the calibration data sheet The spreadsheet below shows the temperature to be 7 Deg C
14. Multiple Instrument Installation Example of multi instrument SDI 12 Application SDI 12 12V DC SDI 12 Data SDI 12 Gnd Fig 17 Figure 17 shows how to Earth multiple instruments within a single enclosure Ensure that good quality cable of around 2 5 mm diameter core is used to connect the instruments earths together and that a good connection to a main system earth is obtained The Earth connection is essential for the lightening protection to work VibWire 108 User Manual V1 09 21 22 0 Terminal Port USB RS232 Fig 18 Converter x y i A Terminal Port Null modem cable 9 Pin DTE Models VibWire 108 SDI12 VibWire 108 RS485 and VibWire 108 Modbus can be configured using the instrument terminal port The following instructions are for the Microsoft Windows Operating system Step 1 Connect the PC Laptop to the VibWire 108 using the USB RS232 interface and null modem cable as shown above The terminal port is configured as a 9 way DTE device fr T Ey Device Manager gt 2 X Step 2 File Action View Help 9 nlOld amp a y JANOS Ni Computer gt a Disk drives AE Display adapters E DVD CD ROM drives 1 Human Interface Devices ca IDE ATA ATAPI controllers 4 IEEE 1394 Bus host controllers E Imaging devices lt Keyboards A Mice and other pointing devices E Monitors EY Network adapters 4 0 Portable Devices A WPD FileSystem Volume Driv
15. Page 36 shows sample calibration data sheet VW Sensor Input Channel Settings Therrmistor Type The VW108 supports 2 different thermistor types for temperature measurement Thermistor Temperature Calculation Master a al 21 Used to make command set SDI 12 compatible aAb a initial address b new address aM a address of instrument example OM starts scan for ID O aC start measurement instrument address a aDO aD1 aD2 or aD3 aDO channel 0 and3 VibWire Sens aD1 channel 4 and 7 VibWire Sens aD2 channel 0 and 3 Therm analog aD3 channel 4 and 7 Therm analog VibWire 108 supports 2 thermistor types aXT1RE aXT1T0 25 aXT1BET aXT1STO aXT1ST1 aXT1ST2 aXT1ST3 aXT2RE aXT2T0 25 aXT2BET aXT2STO aXT2ST1 aXT2ST2 aXT2ST3 aXCHOFN F Frequency type N VW Channel 0 7 aXCHOTN Thermistor type where a ID T Thermistor Type N Thermistor Channel Input 0 7 aXT1TYn a ID n integerO0 2 VibWire 108 Response a r n a13KEYNESCOVibWire 1080001 r n Part Description assigned by Keynes a r n Where a ID number 0 9 standard a z Enhanced SDI 12 0 9 a z for RS485 b r n a b number 0 9ora z a0268 r n instrument with address a returns 8 x vibwire amp 8 x temp after 60 seconds a0268 r n initial response only after receipt of instruct and no response when data ready to be sent XXXX X XXXX X XXXX X XXXX XIN Resistance
16. Sensors Analogue Output 4 Earth Shield Terminatic N 0 7 Vibrating Wire Sensor Vibrating Wire Sensor 7 Thermistor Analog input N 19 7 Vibrating Wire Sensor dy aren Ground a S Tace trolas R Vibrating Wire Sensor Interf Model VibWire 108 Earth Fig 1 Adone Output Channels Not Used in SDI 12 RS 485 amp Modbus version Menu Out Menu In 7 Segment Display instruments Button Button Down Button Up Button 4 1 Circuit Board Features Transorb Gas Discharge Speaker ON OFF Switch Protection t li os Jj i Me oy PANA er a i apr y Y 1 U gt rir oe ee r Puy ns 3 ee NAS agg ll sm 1 Lin FOR r JE ae 7c aan i L Fs Do as merse Ya UNIOS Ul 11 20l1a z o VIBRATING WIRE INTERFACE b rrr meta oe hes me Ce MI DIS S Janjas 58 dei dl Y Wiehe ripio bardo abana az Poe Pa 1111 S fn pa co MA 5 Pl Phew sa w a Go Terminal Port 9 Pin DTE Ceramic Real time 5 Digit 7 Segment Display Speaker 7 segment display VibWire 108 User Manual V1 09 5 0 SDI 12 Serial Network Connection The following page describes connecting the VibWire 108 to an SDI 12 network SDI 12 data Earth Earth Earth Earth NPN 4 NPN 3 NPN 4 NPN 3 485 SDI 12 O O O YO 00O YO OVO Earth Connection Ensure that a good Earth connection is made and fitted to each instrument in order that the lightning protection discharge tubes will operate Lightning protection is provided for all VW s
17. ThermistorWorksheet xls Screen image Calculation of temperature based on voltage ratio Voltage ratio 0 663 Input Excitation Ohm 3300 Fixed Thermistor resistance 6905 Calculated Thermistor RO 3000 Thermistor property A Thermistor property B 2 37E 04 Thermistor property C 1 02E 07 Thermistor property Inv Temperature 3 57E 03 Temperature Celsius Calculated value o Temperature Steinhart Hart Calibration value Parameters obtained from calibration data sheet VibWire 108 User Manual V1 09 34 Appendix B Thermistor Temperature Calculation using the thermistor Beta Value An NTC Negative Temperature Coefficient Thermistor is a passive electrical component whose resistance varies inversely with temperature It is often used as a temperature sensor inside vibrating wire sensors The relationship between resistance and temperature can be described with the beta formula The VibWire 108 range of sensor interfaces offers the beta value temperature calculation as an option within the thermistor setup The Beta value thermistor calculation is a simplified version of the Steinhart Hart equation that is most often used in temperature measurement solutions For applications when the Steinhart Hart calibration factors are not known then the sensor Beta value can often be found on the thermistor manufactures data sheet The example below demonstrates how the VibWire 108 calculates temperature The temper
18. a real time 5 digit 7 segment LED display that can be used to show real time sensor frequencies for the vibrating wire sensors and to configure the most commonly used features of the instrument This feature is useful when configuring and testing sensors in the field The VibWire 108 automatically resets to the network operation after a time out period of 10 minutes and so prevents a User leaving in the wrong mode of operation This feature ensures the instrument is always ready for operation and is useful for widely distributed applications and systems deployed in hard to reach locations Terminal Port The VibWire 108 supports a terminal port configuration and upgrade facility The terminal port can be used by any industry standard terminal emulator software such as the Microsoft Hyper terminal or Token 2 The terminal port enables the vibrating wire sensor calibration factors to be stored easily into the instrument Fully Integrated Data Recording Solutions The VibWire 108 can be connected to any suitable third party data logger or communication system supporting SDI 12 RS 485 or Modbus operations Simple industry standard commands are used to make a reading and acquire data The Modbus network protocol is supported for easy integration into SCADA applications Q LOG The VibWire 108 is fully integrated into the free Keynes Controls Q LOG data recording and display software The Q LOG application software enables the VibWire 108 to be used
19. all of the USB SDI12 and USB RS5485 media converters Q Log enables the VibWire 108 to operate with a PC or laptop and give the User access to the data in a familiar Windows environment When used with a USB SDI12 Pro or USB RS485 Pro media converters the VibWire 108 can directly powered from the PC Laptop USB port Download at http www aquabat net QLOGFree qlogv2 html Warranty Information The information in this document is subject to change without notice Keynes Controls Ltd has made a reasonable effort to be sure that the information contained herein is current and accurate as of the date of publication Keynes Controls Ltd makes no warranty of any kind with regard to this material including but not limited to its fitness for a particular application Keynes Controls Ltd will not be liable for errors contained herein or for incidental or consequential damages in connection with the furnishing performance or use of this material In no event shall Keynes Controls Ltd be liable for any claim for direct incidental or consequential damages arising out of or in connection with the sale manufacture delivery or use of any product VibWire 108 User Manual V1 09 5 4 0 Front Panel OV VW Sensor Inputs _ 12V DC hte Eo phat flap deanas aod Ea ZE 3 rl akel AL EA E a JE a a A ES A EA E a E E A ELA ES a E E Ti BAJPXY gt l 1 1z2voc hat A Solar DC J Vibrating Wire Sensors Vibrating Wire
20. at 25 Deg C TO generally 25 Deg C Beta Value A in Steinhart Hart B in Steinhart Hart C in Steinhart Hart D in Steinhart Hart Resistance at 25 Deg C TO generally 25 Deg C Beta Value A in Steinhart Hart B in Steinhart Hart C in Steinhart Hart D in Steinhart Hart 0 output in Hz 1 output in digits F 2 1000 2 use formula A B digits C digits 2 D temperature digits Frequency in units of Hz 0 Voltage ratio 1 Type 1 thermistor use XT1RE etc as above 2 Type 2 thermistor 11 Type 1 resistance ratio output Rt R25 12 Type 2 resistance ratio output Rt R25 99 Output mV at terminal 0 resistance ratio thermistor data sheet RyR2s 1 Beta value calculation 1 T 1 To log r Beta where r R Ros 2 Steinhart hart equation 1 T A B Ln RyR 5 C Ln Ri Res D Ln Ri Res VibWire 108 User Manual V1 09 14 16 0 RS 485 Supported Commands The instrument commands for the RS 485 and SDI 12 versions of the instrument are identical except for the prefix at the start of the command See table below Description Acknowledge active Send ID provided to complement SDI 12 protocol Address query identifies instrument address and commonly used on single instrument operations only Change Address used to change instrument address from a inital to b new ID for network operations Start Measurement instruct an instrument to make measurement Concur
21. below show just a few of the applications for which A lot of vibrating wire sensor applications are undertaken with vibrating wire sensors are used The best results from the the sensors buried into the structure such as within concrete or instrumentation are only achieved when a good understanding within a bore hole The vibrating wire sensors maintain very for the overall structural behaviour is available The examples accurate results without need for re calibration over many years demonstrate the common uses of structural monitoring within and generally more reliable than other forms of sensor less civil engineering applications expansion dimension under no restraint conditions Original Original Length Condition Desired movement Forces set up due to restaraint i A 1 1 i 2 1 o x 1 5 1 a I o o sae 3 v m Y Oo h a E D Buckling may result in member being cracked Displacement sensor on the beam and attached to the vertical support will increase with the sliding motion of bea Crack meter gauge expands in length as the crack grows in size t Original Length Reduction dimension under no restraint conditions Y Desired movement Vibrating Wire strain gauge Crack meter Gauge a ee prone to failure in damp conditions and relatively easy to install 15 vibrating wire strain gauge element This EB type of
22. gauge is particularly rugged and a reliable They are particularly applicable for strain measurements in mass The images opposite show sister bar strain gauges and examples of their installation and use The sister bar strain gauge comprises of two lengths of ribbed rebar welded to a central gauge section The central gauge section has a miniature stainless steel vibrating wire strain gauge element fitted along the longitudinal axis of the gauge Incorporated within the gauge section are two coils for excitation and output of the concrete pours where placing of concrete is remote and uncontrolled such as typically occurs in diaphragm walls or deep piles The sister bars can be connected to the VibWire 108 instruments The embedment or dumbbell gauge See below is designed to measure strain in concrete This vibrating wire strain gauge is typically tied to a reinforcing cage It is usual to install them in arrays of three or four gauges at several depths horizons within the structure VibWire 108 User Manual V1 09 32 Updated 11 12 2013 Appendix A N VibWire 108 101 Introduction Temperature Measurement Using the Steinhart Hart Equation for temperature calculation The following technical note shows how to obtain the thermistor resistance values for a vibrating wire temperature sensor connected to the temperature input of the VibWire 101 or VibWire 108 interfaces The VibWire 108 101 vibrating wire sensor in
23. interface vibrating wire sensors from any manufacture to a data logger PC data acquisition system or SCADA applications The principle operating feature of the VibWire 108 is its ability to accurately measure and report the vibrating wire sensor frequency The instrument uses an auto resonance technique to energise the sensor coil and adjusts the ping rate automatically to follow the sensor operation The auto resonance feature enables the sensors to be automatically configured as the instrument adjusts the coil excitation to maximise the signal to noise ratio without excessive strain put to the sensor coil TA AS ATA SAA TT iby BAJLPXY 44 j A eS Solar DC Vibrating Wire Sensors Vibrating Wire Sensors it arth Shield Termination itr ating Wire Sensor ibs ating hermistor Analog input Analogue Output Vibrating Wire Sensor Interface Model VibWire 108 Analogue Output Me OSTIAS LLE Out Hardware Options VibWire 108 RS485 with RS 485 network option VibWire 108 SDI12 with SDI 12 network option VibWire 108 Modbus with RS 485 Modbus option VibWire 108 Analog with analogue output option Dynamic amp Static Measurement Applications The VibWire 108 is ideally suited to static measurement applications In applications requiring samples rates of 1 10 Samples Sec then a new keynes Controls product the VibWire 101 RS232 will be required See http www aqguabat net HighSpeedVW high speed vw1
24. network is not freed up until each instrument responds that the readings are being undertaken The instruments will start their measurement operations as soon as the command is received but will not send data across the network until instructed to do so Use the command aC where a Instrument ID Number master sends 1C 4 sensors Instrument responds 10144 r n indicated readings available after 14 secs The network is free for other devices as soon as this response is returned oC 3 sensors 60113nn 7CY 5 sensors 70175 r n 17 5 Read data values from the VibWire 108 No matter which instruction aM or aC is used to initiate measurement operations for the VibWire 108 has to be instructed to send data when it becomes available It takes the instrument 60 seconds to make sensor values available after being instructed to make a measurement The vibrating wire readings are in Units Hz The Temp Current loop input are in Units mV Use the command aDO Vibrating Wire inputs 0 3 aD1 Vibrating Wire inputs 4 7 aD2 Temp current loop inputs O 3 values in mV aD3 Temp current loop inputs 4 7 values in mV Instrument responds amp a XXXX X XXXX X XXXX X XXXX X r n xxxx x is the format of the number returned 1 decimal place for example to read all the sensor data back from an instrument with ID 4 master sends 4D0 Instrument responds 4 1011 3 1204 4 1101 3 1190 7
25. positions within the weir A series of vibrating wire piezometers are used to monitor the water height and are connected to the VibWire 108 The VibWire 108 communicates the water height details to a pro grammable logger such as the Keynes Controls AquaLOG systems The logger is used to calculate the discharge and to record the results Fig 42 shows the basic control system showing the VW 108 connected to a logger across a digital network SDI 12 network Data Logger The instantaneous pressure levels are monitored by the logger and used within the V notch discharge formula The logger can be used to produce a permanent result record that can be downloaded by an operator and also to trigger the transistor outputs within the VibWire 108 when used for alarm level control ensor Fig 42 Fig 45 shows the v notch weir profile The water height is measured accurately using a precision vibrating wire sensor and these types of sensors are very accurate and stable over long periods of time AquaLOG The AquaLOG can record the vibrating wire sensor data and convert it into engineering units The various sensors forming the weir monitoring system are combined within the AquaLOG to determine the correct flow rate The Alarm operations of the AquaLOG can then be used to inform an operator should pre set conditions be exceeded VibWire 108 User Manual V1 09 31 Vibrating Wire Sensor Applications The details
26. the Menu Out key has to be pressed to confirm this option 4 The VW 108 will return to the display and now the analogue output channels for the instrument is now activated Each of the vibrating wire sensor inputs can be individually configured Setting the analogue output channel is only needed when using the instrument with an external data logger or analogue acquisition system and is not required when measurements are to be made across the SDI 12 and RS485 networks VibWire 108 User Manual V1 09 18 18 5 Optimising the Analogue Output Settings Example 1 The VibWire 108 contains 8 independently configurable analogue output ports and they are used to represent the output signal from the sensor Each analogue output is of the range 0 2 5V DC and any analogue output must scale a result to within this range Care should be taken to ensure that the output signal is scaled as close as possible to sensor range For example Channel 0 is used to output a signal from a sensor with operating range of 1452 3176 Hz It is not possible to set the output range of the DAC directly to represent the absolute range of the sensor and so it must pei the sensor range with the minimum overlap in order to obtain the highest resolution a range of OV 1400Hz amp 2 5V 3200 Hz so CHOLF 1400 and CHO RA 3200 1400 1800 Hz will give the highest resolution for this example DAC Resolution output port 16 Bit so Frequency Resolution 1800 6553
27. the SDI 12 RS 485 port for the instrument is now activated 11 6 Starting Data Acquisition Operation on a 485 Network Instrument Identifier To activate the SDI 12 485 output channels on the VibWire 108 Each instrument deployed on the RS 485 multi drop network must have a unique instrument identifier ID set in order to 1 Starting at identify specific instrument on the network For the RS 485 network this identifier is 0 31 The SDI 12 ID can be expanded See Page 26 for details on setting the ID number using the 2 Select Menu In button keyboard menu system System Maintenance option of the terminal menu system page 23 oF Use the Up amp Down Keys to select the option SErAL Analg COd C1d C2d C3d C4d C5d C6d C7d are the other options available Once the SErAL output is selected the Menu Out key has to be pressed to confirm this option 4 The VW 108 will return to the display and now the SDI 12 RS 485 port of the instrument are now activated 11 7 Modbus version instrument The Modbus version instrument will start the scan sequence automatically as soon as power is applied The scan period is set using the built in menu system using the keyboard See page 24 section 23 3 for details VibWire 108 User Manual V1 09 12 12 0 Instrument Identifier Each instrument deployed on the multi drop network must have a unique instrument identifier set in order to identify specific instrument on the network
28. to create PC based data recording and display solutions with little or no programming experience The Q Log software can be downloaded for free http www aquabat net QLOGFree qlogv2 html CE Copyright Keynes Controls 2010 2011 Release Version 1 08 1 0 Care amp Maintenance The VibWire 108 family of products have been designed for long term operation and so will operate reliably for many years as long as the instrument is not mis used and operated as shown in the manual Step 1 Remove any signal cables and terminal blocks from the instrument Step 2 Clean the 4 and 5 way plug and sockets using ionised water to remove the buildup of any dirt or foreign bodies that build up on the termination pins It is essential to remove any grease that can cause corrosion to the pins Step 3 Allow the sockets to dry out before connecting any signal cables Description Operating temperature 10 to 60 C Storage temperature 10 to 85 C Operating humidity 10 to 90 RH non condensing Storage humidity 5 to 95 RH non condensing 2 0 Default Factory Settings All instruments are set for NoofChannels 8 Temp 8 Default ID 0 Models VibWire 108 SDI12 VibWire 108 RS485 VibWire 108 Modbus 3 0 Required Software The VibWire 108 requires a terminal software package supporting VT100 emulation only Recommended software Microsoft Hyper terminal Token2 3 1 Q Log Software The Q Log data acquisition and display software operates with
29. 0 Baud 8 data bit 1 stop bit even parity 10 0 System Test Power on sequence The instructions are the same for all models Step 1 Power on the VibWire 108 Response Apply 12V DC to the power connector shown on Fig 1 Page 6 The VibWire 108 will briefly show the message HELLO on the 5 Digit LED Display Step 2 The display will default to 0 on the LED display The instrument will wait until a start measurement command is received before a measurement is made VibWire 108 User Manual V1 09 10 11 0 VibWire 108 Digital Communications The instructions below detail the operations to follow to operate the VibWire 108 across both the SDI 12 and RS 485 serial networks No sensor configuration details need be applied to the VibWire 108 when operating with the cable free transmitter RS 485 or SDI 12 network Simply connect the sensors to the interface as shown in Fig 2 and initiate the commands listed below Recommended Test Use a single instrument only when undertaking initial measurements with a VibWire 108 on the RS 485 or SDI 12 network This simplifies the software and will speed up the understanding of the command used to obtain data It is very easy to test the results measured across the RS 485 and SDI 12 network with the ones shown on board frequency display of the unit The results obtained across the RS 485 and SDI 12 network will be same as those shown on the display for a specified channel The default instru
30. 01v1 html Configuration For SDI 12 RS485 and Modbus network operations the sensor input ranges are automatically assigned The only time the VW 108 requires any sensor frequency configuration is when the analogue output representation of the input signal is being used SI Units The VibWire 108 can be set up to supply results directly in units of Hz Digits Hz and Engineering units The vibrating wire sensor engineering unit conversion is carried out using the industry standard quadratic equation expansion The vibrating wire sensor thermistor values are converted to temperature using the Steinhart Hart equation to give values in Deg C or can be supplied in raw mV format VibWire 108 User Manual V1 09 3 FEATURES e 8x4 Wire Vibrating Wire Sensor Inputs e Resolves the VW signal to less than 0 001 Hz industry standard 0 1 Hz Gas Discharge Tube Sensor Protection Real time Frequency Display 5 digit Audible Output Auto Resonance VW Excitation SDI 12 Network Support Firmware Upgrade facility Automatic VW sensor configuration Digital communications to remove noise sources and errors Simplified configuration and data logger support Output Frequency Digits SI Units Temp Deg C Steinhart Hart Thermistor Linearisation Support Integrated Polynomial Linearisation Quadratic Support direct from VW sensor calibration data sheet Photo VibWire 108 Field Operations All of the VibWire 108 family of interfaces contain
31. 1 3 Cal A 1 0022E31 4 Cal B 2 1550E27 5 Cal C 1 1929E38 6 Cal D 2 3069E33 U Up T Top Thermistor type 1 1 Type 1 2 Resistance at TO ohms 3312 3 TO Celcuis 22 4 Beta 5234 5 Steinhart Hart Oth order A 0 0 6 Steinhart Hart 1st order B 0 0 7 Steinhart Hart 2nd order 0 0 0 8 Steinhart Hart 3rd order C 0 0 U Up T Top Fig 21 For lower accuracy temperature readings or when the calibration factors are not known then the thermistor Beta value To and Ro parameters can be assigned The information in this document is subject to change without notice Keynes Controls Ltd has made a reasonable effort to be sure that the information contained herein is current and accurate as of the date of publication Keynes Controls Ltd makes no warranty of any kind with regard to this material including but not limited to its fitness for a particular application Keynes Controls Ltd will not be liable for errors contained herein or for incidental or consequential damages in connection with the furnishing performance or use of this material In no event shall Keynes Controls Ltd be liable for any claim for direct incidental or consequential damages arising out of or in connection with the sale manufacture delivery or use of any product VibWire 108 User Manual V1 09 23 23 0 Modbus supported instrument The VibWire 108 supports Modbus protocol across the RS 485 digital network and acts as a slave unit only
32. 6 0 03 Hz in practice accuracy of around 0 5 Hz can be achieved when connecting the VW 108 to an analogue data acquisition system after allowing for the losses due to the Digital analogue and Analogue digital conversion process The 0 5 Hz measurement accuracy is achieved using the AquaDAT as the input signal measuring device Only when operating the VibWire 108 with an active analogue output port need the operating characteristics for the vibrating wire sensor be defined For general purpose operations the analogue output should be set to represent the full operating range of the sensor 18 6 Integration to the AquaDAT Analogue Sensor Interface Example 2 A vibrating wire pressure sensor with operating frequency 400 Hz to 1000 Hz connected to channel 5 on the VW 108 and the analogue output is to be connected to an AquaDAT Sensor interface CH5 LF 400 CH5 RA 600 where range 1000 400 and CH 0 7 RA is the range parameter the AquaDAT input channel range is to be set to 2 5 V therefore OV 400 Hz and 2 5V 1000 Hz The AquaLOG will auto range to optimise the signal measurement The data logger will scale the results over the full range Resolution 600 65536 0 01 Hz In practice an measurement accuracy of 0 05 Hz will be achieved after allowing for losses in the analogue conversion process Unit Conversions Celsius to Fahrenheit C x 9 5 32 F Fahrenheit to Celsius F 32 x 5 9 C Example Convert 26 Celsiu
33. DI 12 Digital Port RS 485 Network Settings RS 485 Network Settings modbus 8 x 4 Wire VW Inputs User Selectable to 2 K Ohm standard other ranges on request O 10 Km depending on cabling 400 6 KHz standard Other ranges on request 32 bit resolution 0 001 Hz 0 05 FS max year 50 to 70 Deg C 0 1 C 0 2 Deg Thermistor 10K Ohm standard 3 3 K Ohm on request 0 2 0 2 SDI 12 A half bridge ratio metric measurement Value returned in mV Is used for temperature compensation on VW measurements using Steinhart Hart thermistor equation or beta value 2 5 V DC 50 ppm Deg C 10K Ohm 0 1 Completion resistor Standard 3 3 KOhm on request Freq Hz Digits Hz3 SI Units Temperature Deg C mV 5 digit 0 1 Hz SDI 12 10 5 to 16V DC Typical values are 12 V DC Excitation 1 2mA 8 mA data transmission 58 mA including frequency display These values may change slightly between sensors Use figures as a guide only 500 ms 3 seconds per channel depending on the VW sensor being used Typical 0 100m Supports enhanced addressing0 9 A Z L 260 W 127 D 38 Powder coated aluminium SDI 12 1200 Baud 7 bit N stop bit Even Parity other speeds on request CE conformity according to EN 61000 6 400 y 9 Way Male 9600 Baud 8 data No Parity 1 stop bit No Flow control DTE 1200 Baud 7 bit N stop bit Even Parity other speeds on request 1200 Baud 7 data bit N stop bit even parity 960
34. KEYNES NTROLS VibWire 108 8 Channel Vibrating Wire Sensor Interface User Guide amp Installation Manual Version 1 09 Last updated 17 04 2014 contact Keynes Controls Ltd sales keynes controls com VibWire 108 User Manual V1 09 WARRANTY Keynes Controls Ltd warrants its products to be free of defects in materials and workmanship under normal use and service for a period of 12 months from the date of purchase If the unit should malfunction it must be returned to Keynes Controls for evaluation freight prepaid Upon examination by Keynes Controls Ltd if the unit is found to be defective it will be repaired or replaced at no charge However the WARRANTY is VOID if the unit shows evidence of having been tampered with or shows evidence of being damaged as a result of excessive corrosion or current heat moisture or vibration improper specification misuse outside of the companies control Components which wear or become damaged by misuse are not warranted This includes batteries fuses and connectors VibWire 108 User Manual V1 09 2 Introduction The following document is the User Manual and installation guide for the VibWire 108 range of instruments The User is expected to have some prior knowledge of the SDI 12 RS 485 or Modbus network and protocols since this manual is not meant as a teaching aid for network applications The VibWire 108 family of vibrating wire sensor interfaces have been designed to
35. Low L2 Time min The VibWire 108 is configured to activate the digital output when the water height exceeds the higher alarm levels Upon detec tion of a water level exceeding the pre determined upper alarm level then the transistor output is activated to switch a relay The relay switching can be used to activate the ignition circuit on the pump if it is powered by a petrol engine or switch the power supply if an electric pump is being used Summary As long as the Peizometer frequency settings are defined cor rectly and a suitable hysteresis level is set then the VibWire 108 can run indefinitely to control a pump to maintain the water level within a bore hole below a pre set level y FA AAA 8 Refefence Peizometer f f ZY 4 Figure 43 e Peiz meter Bore Hole Stand alone Weir Control System with Data Logger For applications where a control system is required to let a set amount of water to flow and to maintain a record of events then a control system similar to that shown below will be required Apart from maintaining details of flow the control unit can also act as an alarm system and shut of water flow should the defined limited be exceeded Consider the example of the V notch weir below A dedicated complex formula is required to calculate the discharge over the bottom of the notch There are a number of different formula available for this calculation but they depend upon the water height at different
36. adation tolerant of wet wiring conditions and resistant to external electrical noise Specifications Excitation Auto resonance Voltage Protection Semitron Bi Polar 230 V Thermistor 3k Ohms at 25 C Over range minimum twice pressure Resolution 0 025 FSO minimum Accuracy lt 0 25 FSO see Notes lt 0 02 FSO C 20 C 100 C 2 pair PVC outer sheath 3500 2200 Hz Thermal Effect Operating range Cable Typical range Nominal zero value 3130 Hz For additional details contact Encardio Rite Ltd India Encardio rite Crack meters are available with ranges up to 100 mm Resolution Joint meters Accuracy Temperature effect Operating temperature Crack meter 0 025 of range 0 2 of range 0 02mm C typical 30 to 70 C Cable 2 and 4 Core screened Joint meters are available with ranges up to 100 mm Resolution Accuracy Temperature effect Operating temperature Cable Gauge Type Gauge factor Measurement range Resolution Coil Resistance Operating temp range Thermal coefficient Surface strain gauge Effective Gauge length De bonded length Overall length Standard diameter Resolution Strain range Thermal expansion Rebar Strain meter Range Resolution Accuracy Thermal Coefficient Operating Temp 0 025 of range 0 2 of range 0 02mm C typical 30 to 70 C 2 Core screened TSR 5 5 T surface m
37. at the time of shipment f f 2 Temperature Thermistor Atm pressure Coil resistance Zero conditions in the field must be established by recording the reading RO digit along with temperature TO C and atmospheric pressure SO kPa at the time of installation If polynomial Date Hz Digit C Ohm kPa Ohm The terms K T1 TO are the temperature compensation terms for this sensor Temperature compensated readings only work if the thermsitor operation is defined constants are used determine value of C as per 6 2 of user s manual Main Menu 1 System Maintenance 2 Thermistor type 1 3 Thermistor type 2 4 Diagnostics 5 Channel 0 6 Channel 1 7 Channel 2 8 Channel 3 9 Channel 4 A Channel 5 B Channel 6 C Channel 7 U Up T Top Frequency proc 0 Hz 1 Digits Hz2 2 SI Units where SI Units is by Quadratic Expansion Channel 0 1 Frequency proc 2 Thermistor type 3 Cal A 4 Cal B 5 Cal C 6 Cal D U Up T Top 4 4 2 2253E 07 2 8085E 01 1 8512E 03 0 087 The example above is for a VW Piezometer and so the engineering units calculations vary between the different sensor types For a Piezometer the local barometric levels are taken into consideration The engineering units for this example is K Pa The term S1 S0 is a constant offset that allows for local atmospheric conditions and be taken from a barometer module such as models Barom SDI12 or Barom 485 The VW sens
38. ature calculations are undertaken internally within the VibWire 108 and are not yet currently part of the Q Log software Refer to Page 23 for assigning the Beta value into the T B where T temp in units K Kelvin i Ret B Thermistor Beta value hg To Temperature at 25 C Ro Resistance at 25 C and to convert Deg K to Deg C then To Tk 273 Thermistor Calculator v1 0 2014 01 31 fortmarinus com fortmarinus gmail com Thermistor Description A thermistor is a special type of resistor whose resistance varies inversely with BC2396CT ND temperature The relationship can be characterized by the beta formula NTCLE100E31033T2 Instructions Enter the B Ty and R values for the thermistor here prepopulated with the values for a 10K therm Then enter the measured resistance The output is the temperature Key Calculated Output Thermistor R vs T 1 1i Ro oe gal 22 00 0 E R i E hoe EF y 800 a Se m Ll Ps zeny E 0 0 B E cop p E z 20 0 vO Ndi 30 0 Units Deg K 20 0 0 000 20 000 30 000 40 0000 50 000 60 000 Resistance in Ohms H Variable Value Units Description B 3 977 0 Kelvin B Parameter from datasheet To 298 0 Kelvin where To 25 Deg C Ra 10 000 0 Ohms where Ro resistance 25 Deg C R 10 318 0 Ohms T 297 8 Kelvin T 76 4 Fahrenheit Resistance of thermistor T 24 8 Celsius where T 24 8 Deg C at 25 Deg C VibWire 108 User Manual V1 09 35 Sample Vibrating wire
39. d Low Frequency Centre Frequency High Frequency Range 2x Centre Freq Centre Freq 2 x Centre Freq The image opposite shows the default Vibrating wire sensor input channel configuration menu system Option 1 Frequency Hz Hz or SI units Repeat for each sensor input channel VibWire 108 User Manual V1 09 30 Case Study Bore Hole Pump Control The following examples detail the use the VibWire 108 range of instruments within water flow and control systems Two examples are shown The first example demonstrates the VibWire 108 as a stand alone control system used to monitor bore hole water and the second example shows how the VibWire 108 is used with a data logger to report on and control the water flow in a v notch weir Borehole Water Level Control The VibWire 108 can be configured to operate as a stand alone control system when used with Vibrating wire piezometers and the transistor output ports Fig 43 shows a sealed bore hole with 2 piezometers deployed The lower level sensor reports the water level height The top sensor acts as a reference and reports the internal bore hole pressure only The water level height measurement can be in error if there is a build up of gas pressure in the hole and it is to correct for gas pressure changes that the reference is fitted Freq Hz a A A Hysterisis Band OA Hysterisis Band Alarm High H2 Alarm High H1 Alarm Low L1 Figure 41 Alarm
40. e Defaults Country region United Kingdom 44 Area code Microsoft Hyper terminal Connect To Window Microsoft Hyper terminal Comm Port Properties Window 22 2 The Terminal Port Menu System The menu system can be accessed and used by any modern terminal emulator software such as Microsoft Hyper terminal or Token 2 etc The terminal software has to be VT100 compatible to operate correctly The example Windows above are taken from the Hyper terminal software however the communication port settings are the same no matter which package is used Step 3 Start the Terminal emulator software and configure the communications port to 9600 Baud 8 data bits 1 stop bit No parity The Comm port number used by the USB RS232 media converter is shown in the Windows Device Manager Window VibWire 108 User Manual V1 09 22 Step 4 Power on the VibWire 108 see instructions on page 6 with the terminal port connected to a laptop as shown on page 22 After the HELLO message flashes on the 7 segment display and the instrument is connect to the PC Laptop as shown on page 22 then the main menu will appear The Comm port setting are shown in the specification table Main Menu 22 3 1 System Maintenance 2 Thermistor type 1 3 Thermistor type 2 4 Diagnostics 5 Channel 0 6 Channel 1 7 Channel 2 8 Channel 3 9 Channel 4 A Channel 5 B Channel 6 C Channel 7 U Up T Top Main Menu 1 System Maintenance 2 Thermistor t
41. ensor inputs and between the SDI 12 OV connection en ri e f A begr in Tas y i n eM Sass TT 11 17 azn tas eae m a g gt a _ t AMAS pero ii i i 3 2 LLL l ae SolariDC SDI 12 Network Connection Use the same network connection for any 3rd party logger 5 1 SDI 12 Network Operation The SDI 12 multi drop network requires only 3 wires to be connected between instruments for the communication of data This ensures that the installation and use of the SDI 12 network is a very simple operation The VibWire 108 is powered by the SDI 12 network 12V and OV supply operations The SDI 12 network only goes active during a measurement operation and is switched off at any other time The SDI 12 network is controlled by the data recorder 5 3 PC Data Acquisition System Channel 1 Additional Information B085 33T Channel 5 Hz 35907 The USB SDI12 media converter only controls the network lines Individual instruments use their own local power supply and are active continuously SDI 12 Network MIOMION ZL IAS Expansion Port u 001 0 ebuey 12V DC SDI 12 OV Gnd SDI 12 Fig 3 The menu system shown below is used by the AquaLOG data logger Main Menu 1 Device Setup 2 Zigbee Mode Settings 3 GPRS Mode Settings 4 USB Memory Stick Settings 5 SDI12 Setup 6 Formulas 7 Alarms 8 Logging Operations 9 Diagnostics A System Maintenance U Up T To
42. er a F Ports COM amp LPT Communications Port 19 Printer Port LPT1 T Processors Ay Sound video and game controllers Comm Mi System devices Universal Serial Bus controllers Microsoft Windows 7 Device Manager Window 22 1 Terminal Port Operation The terminal port built in to the VioWire 108 enables the instrument to be easily configured using the built in menu system to set all the calibration parameters There is no software required with this device part from a terminal emulator package which is frequently a feature included most operating systems Each VW sensor input channel can be individually configured using details taken directly from a sensor calibration data sheet Currently the VibWire 108 supports 2 pre defined temperature sensors configuration options that can be assigned to each VW sensor input Port by the USB RS232 media converter Plug the USB RS232 adapter into the PC Laptop From the operating system control panel select the device manager option A Window similar to that shown opposite will appear Select the Ports COM amp LPT option from the menu list to identify the Comm port number used by the USB RS232 interface in use y COM1 Properties ES Connect To FS Enter details for the phone number that you want to dial Port Settings Bits per second 9600 i Data bits 8 X Party Stop bits fo a Restor
43. form of a text data file is stored into a suitable location Example firmware for this documentation is titled vw101 txt Once option 1 is selected then the Upload new firmware Window as shown opposite will appear Locate and select the new firmware data file Fig 41 opposite shows how the Hyper terminal software appears once the firmware file is selected and data is being sent to the sensor interface Fig 42 shows how the Hyper terminal emulator System Maintenance Window will appear once the firmware has loaded into the sensor interface correctly The Burning message has to be displayed to show the new firmware has been loaded correctly KJYG HyperTerminal File Edit View Call Transfer Help De 053 System Maintanence 1 Upload New Firmware 2 Diagnostic Messages 3 Load Default s Up T Top READYTORCU Connected 0 21 02 Auto detect 9600 8 N 1 Fig 42 Firmware upload successful VibWire 108 User Manual V1 09 29 30 Terminal Port Menu Screens Main Menu 18 kof Hyp al k ra KJg per File Edit View Call Transfer Help Main Menu 1 System Maintanence 2 Thermistor type 1 3 Thermistor type 2 4 Diagnostics 5 Pluck Control 6 Channel 0 7 Channel 1 8 Channel 2 9 Channel 3 A Channel 4 B Channel 5 C Channel 6 D Channel U Up T Top _ Connected 00 05 40 Auto detect 9600 8 N 1 CAPS NUM Thermistor Type 1 Menu yg ype al E E 2
44. gue Output Settings Integration to the AquaDAT Analogue Sensor Interface Real time Frequency Display Assigning the real time display to a VW sensor input Loud Speaker Sensor Problems Vibrating Wire Sensor Installation Common Earth Points PCB Jumper Settings Lightning Protection Terminal Port Terminal Port Operation Terminal Port Menu System Selecting the VW Sensor Output Units Temperature Sensor Configuration Modbus Supported Instrument Modbus Registers Scanning the instrument RS 485 Modbus Network Connection Installation SCADA Application Keyboard User Command Summary Keyboard Operations Vibrating Wire Sensors Main Menu Terminal Port Pluck Control Spikes in the VW Sensor Data Pluck control worked example Firmware upgrade facility Terminal Port Menu Screens Case Study Temperature measurements Thermistor Steinhart Hart Thermistor worked example Thermistor Temperature Calculation using the thermistor Beta Value Sample VW Piezometer Calibration Data Sheet amp Menu System Configuration details Sample VW Displacement sensor Calibration Data Sheet amp Menu System Configuration details VibWire 108 User Manual V1 09 38
45. he VioWire 108 is a useful feature to activate upon observing unusual spikes in what should be steady state data values for sensors that change little over time Spikes in the VW Sensor Data Depending on how well a vibrating wire sensor is made the sensor coil could become damaged or if the sensor extreme physical shock once it is deployed Damage to the sensor often means the coil seating has been damaged an the sensor can oscillate at a different harmonic than the designed fundamental frequency In order to obtain the correct sensor frequency in the face of oscillations from higher harmonics then the pluck control feature is used Important Note Setting the Pluck Control The Initial Pluck defines the start frequency of the sensor scan By default use the automatic sensor excitation 0 as this gives the best result for the majority Go to the Pluck Control menu as shown in Fig YY below of sensors The Initial Pluck frequency is a global setting and is of use only then the same model of sensor select the channel to be configured is used on all sensor inputs Enter the Centre Frequency for the normal operation of the sensor The operating frequency for the VW sensor input is now limited to a minimum frequency of 1 2 of the Centre Frequency and to a maximum of 2 x Centre Frequency This range removes the third harmonic oscillation which is a common cause of spikes in VW data kigf Hype
46. hen the Menu Out key has to be pressed to confirm this option 4 The VW 108 will now display the real time sensor frequency for channel 0 The above example shows a typical real time frequency result 20 0 Loud Speaker Sensor problems Loud Speaker Should a clean ping not be heard when the vibrating wire aparo ONOS Switch sensor is being sampled by the instrument the following guide A should help 1 If there is only random noise on the speaker for the defined channel then check the wiring and circuit resistance The a Ge most common error is an open circuit Locate and fix the ia IE broken cable S HUTT zr A 2 If a ping can be heard but it is faint then the sensor cable may be too long or a to high cable resistance is being used causing degradation of the signal amplitude Finally the gauge sensitivity may be to low Frequency Figure 13 Display All of the VW 108 range of instruments are supplied with an internal ceramic speaker The speaker can be activated and the sensor ping and resultant echo can be heard 3 If the ping is not a pure tone then the gauge is possibly faulty The gauge may have become damaged during installation The speaker used in collaboration of the frequency display 4 If a low frequency hum is heard then noise pickup can be a should enable nearly all sensors to be tested no matter their problem If the gauge cabling is routed near a transformer location using only the VW
47. in Menu 1 System Maintenance 2 Thermistor type 1 3 Thermistor type 2 4 Diagnostics 5 Channel 0 6 Channel 1 7 Channel 2 8 Channel 3 9 Channel 4 A Channel 5 B Channel 6 C Channel 7 U Up T Top Frequency proc 0 Hz 1 Digits Hz2 2 SI Units where SI Units is by Quadratic Expansion Channel 0 1 Frequency proc 2 Thermistor type 3 Cal A 4 Cal B 5 Cal C 6 Cal D U Up T Top 4 4 0 000000024979750 0 0089750451 28 976750 2 3069E 3 3185 7 Applied Calculated Error FS mm Polynomial Polynomial 0 00 0 023 0 05 5 00 4 987 0 03 10 00 9 966 0 07 15 00 14 988 0 02 20 00 20 021 0 04 25 00 25 049 0 10 30 00 29 987 0 03 35 00 34 981 0 04 40 00 40 017 0 03 45 00 44 961 0 08 50 00 50 022 0 04 Where Ro is the initial zero reading at the time of installation R current reading Units Hz 1000 Digits Displacement calculations within Q Log Q Log is the free data display and recording software from Keynes Controls Ltd Linear E G Ro Ri E G Ro G R where G Rols a constant term Enter this formula into Q log and the results will be in mm See http www aquabat net QLOGFree qlogv2 html VibWire 108 User Manual V1 09 37 Index Page No 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 31 Appendix A Appendix B Appendix C Description Introduction Hardware Options Dynamic Measurements Configurat
48. ion SI Units Features Terminal Port Q LOG Index Care amp Maintenance Default Factory Settings Required Software Warranty Information Front Panel Circuit Board Features SDI 12 Serial Network Connection SDI 12 Network Operation Multi instrument Solutions PC Data Acquisition System Multi instrument Data Logger Solution RS 485 Serial Network Connection Earth Connection PC Data Acquisition RS 485 Solution Modbus RS 485 Network Connection PC Laptop Data Recording amp Display System Q LOG application Technical Specifications System Test Power on sequence VibWire 108 Digital Communications Command Structure amp Operations across an RS 485 network Timing Constraints RS 485 SDI 12 Networks RS 485 SDI 12 Command Format Assigning Data Transmission over the SDI 12 or RS 485 network Starting Data Acquisition Operation on a SDI 12 Network Modbus version instrument Instrument Identifier Start Measurement Commands Advice on the choice of the measurement instructions Possible Network Problems SDI 12 Supported Commands RS 485 Supported Commands Examples Of Using RS 485 SDI 12 Commands Changing the instrument ID number ID Number Query Start measurements for Instruments on a network Start measurements using the concurrent command Read data values from the VibWire 108 Temperature Current loop Data Format Connection to an Analogue Data Acquisition System Theory of operation VibWire 108 Analogue Port Configuration Optimising the Analo
49. ment address for a unit straight out of the box is O results will be random numbers with no sensors installed Test Measurement Issue command OM to start measurement operations The VibWire 108 will scan all channels ODO returns items of data 0 Freq Chan 0 Freq Chan 1 Freq Chan 2 Freq Chan 3 Ensure that each instrument used on a network has a unique ID number assigned within its configuration in order to correctly identify the data that is being recorded 11 1 Command Structure amp Operations across an RS 485 network The VibWire 108 uses a command structure across the RS 485 network very similar to that used by the SDI 12 network in order to simplify the overall system operations Understanding the control of the instrument on one network be that RS 485 or SDI 12 will make using the the unit on the other avery simple operation The RS 485 and SDI 12 network both operate at the same speed of 1200 baud The RS 485 network speed can be increased at the time of manufacture Currently it is factory set Even though this is a relatively slow rate as networks go it is more than adequate for the small amounts of data transmitted by the instrument No break characters are transmitted in an RS 485 command and any sent will be ignored by the instrument A short delay of approximately 10 ms is added between a command received by VibWire 108 and its transmission of data since this delay is used to allow time for the host PC to turn off its tra
50. mission across a cable free network The transceiver fitted inside the VibWire 108 is powered on during the data transmission operation and powered off into a sleep mode between updates The faster the data transmission rate the greater the power required to drive the instrument A compromise is needed to adjust power requirements to the amount of data to be transmitted to guarantee that not readings are lost Not used on RS485 SDI 12 networks 24 1 Keyboard Operations The keyboard menu system has been designed to be easy to use Use the menu keys Move up and down the menu system until the desired parameter is shown in the display Use the Up and Down keys to change the values Once the new value is selected press the Menu Out button to store the new value VibWire 108 User Manual V1 09 26 25 0 Vibrating Wire Sensors The VibWire 108 supports most manufacturers sensors and a small summary of these is shown below Figure 35 Figure 36 Figure 37 Encardio rite Vibrating Wire are well tested with the VibWire 108 and are the recommended sensor range for this product range Frequency signals i e those generated using vibrating wire sensors are particularly Suitable for demanding environments such as that often occur within Civil Engineering applications Vibrating wire sensors ideally suit the harsh civil engineering environment since the signals are capable of long transmission distances without degr
51. n be uniquely configured to support any manufactures sensor Jvaenby When defining the operation of the analogue output each channel has to have the sensor Sense operating characteristics defined For the VW 108 this means that the minimum operating Therm frequency and span are set into the instrument over the range OV minimum frequency and 2 5V maximum frequency 18 2 Connection to an Analogue Input or Data Acquisition System Figure 9 The analogue output ports are singles ended and as such care should be taken when connecting to a differential input channel The example shown in Fig 9 shows the analogue output from the VibWire 108 connected to the AquaDAT analogue data Sense OV single ended or Vin Differential Input acquisition unit The AquaDAT supports a full differential or Sense 4Vin single ended operations and also uses an auto ranging inputs to optimise measurements 18 3 VibWire 108 Analogue Port Configuration Low Frequency 500 3000Hz defined in 100 Hz intervals Range 100 Hz steps Analogue Data Acquisition 18 4 Starting Analogue Output Ports System Example To activate the analogue output channels on the VibWire 108 Fig 12 1 Starting at AquaLOG 2 Select Menu In button 3 Use the Up amp Down Keys to select the option Analg Analogue output on VW 108 Serial COd Cid C2d C3d C4d C5d C6d C7d are the other options available Once the Analg output is selected
52. n over the SDI 12 or RS 485 Network All of the VibWire 108 models use the SERAL option to assign the data transmission operations across the digital network A 10 minute time out feature ensures that the instruments cannot be left displaying real time frequency results For Modbus operations the instrument scans automatically at the pre set sample time as soon as power is applied see page 24 for setting the sample time The Modbus ID is set exactly the same as for the SDI 12 and normal RS 485 operations 115 Starting Data Acquisition Operation on a SDI 12 Network To activate the analogue output channels on the Instrument Identifier VibWire 108 Each instrument deployed on the SDI 12 multi drop network must have a unique instrument identifier set in order to identify 1 Starting at specific instrument on the network For the SDI 12 network this BAS IL identifier is 0 9 The SDI 12 ID can be expanded upon request See Page 8 for details on setting the ID number 2 Select Menu In button 3 Use the Up amp Down Keys to select the option SERAL Analg COd C1d C2d C3d C4d C5d C6d C7d are the other options available Once the Seral output is selected the Menu Out key has to be pressed to confirm this option SDI 12 and RS485 operations are only possible when the VibWire 108 is in serial port mode This is indicated by activating the SErAL option 4 The VW 108 will return to the display and now
53. nd Therm terminals are wired together Any earth Sheathing from armoured cable etc can be connected to any of terminals mentioned above for ease of installation 21 4 Lightning Protection The lightning protection within the VibWire 108 cannot protect the instrument from a direct lightening strike It is used to protect the instrument from local ground strikes close to the sensors and cabling All of the sensor inputs are protected by transorb and gas discharge tubes The transorb are high capacitance devices and are not used on all systems as they can distort low level signals to a point where the instrument can not be accurately measured The transorb does protect the instrument at lower levels than the gas discharge tube and starts to become active around 12V The gas discharge tube protection activates at around 92V DC and resets instantaneously after the lightning strike effect has died away Fig 14 shows the VibWire 108 connected to a system earth using the Earth terminators mounted adjacent to the power connectors Sensor Inputs JUIIIDIIDIDIDIODIDIDIDIO Figure 15 21 2 PCB Jumper Settings All of the VibWire 108 models support both thermistor and analogue inputs for the range 0 2 5 V DC and current loop inputs OY VOUN O EOS YURUN AUS 2 Figure16 For current loop operations such as those 0 20 mA 4 20 mA then external Jumper Open 0 2 5V DC 4 20 mA loop Jumper Closed Thermistor 21 3
54. nsmitter when using soft negotiation for data flow control operations Under normal RS 485 data transmission operations the RTS line on the serial port is used for flow control operations Keynes Controls recommends an RS 485 interface with hardware negotiation is used to control the VibWire 108 across a network 11 2 Timing Constraints RS 485 SDI 12 Network There are no timing constraints for the transmission of instructions and receipt of data across an RS 485 network compared to the operations on and SDI 12 network Figure 10 shows timing delay used on SDI 12 serial bus 4 12 mS lt 8 mS gt SDI 12 Data prior to sending data Data Access Time Typically the VibWire 108 takes 5 seconds to complete the scan of the first sensor and a further 3 seconds for any other sensor connected to the instrument The actual response time for the instrument is dependent upon number of sensor fitted and can interrogated using the aM command 11 3 RS 485 SDI 12 Commands The commands used by instruments on the SDI 12 and RS485 network are the same In the following commands a and b are the address of the instrument and can only be integers 0 to 9 or the characters a z where ttt represents a time in seconds 0 to 999 seconds n or nn represents a number of channels 00 to 99 channels r and n are the Carriage Return and Line Feed characters ASCII 13 and 10 VibWire 108 User Manual V1 09 11 11 4 Assigning Data Transmissio
55. ny different intelligent sensors to be used WOOL 0 ebuey VibWire 108 User Manual V1 09 8 7 0 Modbus RS 485 Network Connections The VibWire 108 modbus connects to the RS 485 network as shown below Fig 8 PPP A lulslelo Seon BERBER BBE i mugge JS sag 1438 RED ir UWNIO8 Ul 11 20l1a VIBRATING HIRE ANTERS ACE n 3 CONTRAS 2 pa q 2 mm 11s Pra 7 Had ra S pS Y ce Pa 1111 Eg pan co NS zy litt a Ra 5 er Dwu AETS LDE Cl Sl de HID wo wm Ge ma O14 a a th i DE A j EE E 111 TOET F TI AA AAAA A AAAA AAMA A lt ViemData T Edit Links SDI 12 RS 485 digital communications AAA a anar coo anes 000 1 007 0 de 9 Channel 4 Hz Channel 5 Hz ENE 33178 3000 ciH 315381 Typical Q Log Panel Meter Display 12V DC RS 485 Gnd 0V RS 485 Laptop PC Computer alist co aes tug t 12V DC SolariDC RS 485 Network Connection 8 0 PC Laptop Data Recording amp Display System SDI 12 RS485 digital network Isolated USB Media Converter Edt Links mnel O micro Strain Channeli micro Strain i yi Wi LA i i a Anas 5838 A ibWire 108 VibWire 108 Channel 4 Hz Channel 5 Hz oo 35981 Isolated USB Media Converter All of the USB Pro model media converters can power directly the VibWire 108 interfaces Model No USB SDI12 Pro and 3rd party sensors An external power b d when ber of USB RS485 Pro s
56. or units have to be set to Digits that is Hz 1000 VibWire 108 User Manual V1 09 36 Instrument Type Sample Vibrating wire Piezometer Sensor calibration data sheet VIBRATING WIRE INSTRUMENTS CALIBRATION CERTIFICATE Displacement Transducer Instrument Range 0 00 to 50 0 mm Gauge Factors in mm Period Gauge Factor K Linear Gauge Factor G 92 1053900 mm digit 0 0092090 Polynomial Gauge Factor A 0 000000024979750 Polynomial Gauge Factor B 0 0089750451 Polynomial Gauge Factor C 28 976750 Reading Period 5610 5182 4840 4555 4316 4112 3937 3782 3643 3521 3409 O 0 10 0 10 MP 06 00 wo oO Formulae Serial No Calibration Date Ambient Temp Barometric Pressure Calibrator Personnel 012453 14th March 2014 23 Deg C 1015 mb lan Thomas Calibration Equipment Digital micrometer with scale VibWire 108 sensor interface Regression Zero Digits Calculated Error Y FS Linear F 1000 Linear Linear Increment 3176 4 0 088 0 18 0 0 3722 6 4 943 0 11 546 2 4268 8 9 974 0 05 546 2 4818 0 15 032 0 06 549 2 5366 8 20 087 0 17 548 8 5913 5 25 123 0 25 546 7 6448 8 30 053 0 11 535 3 6988 5 35 024 0 05 539 7 7531 2 40 023 0 05 542 7 8062 5 44 917 0 17 531 3 8604 8 49 912 0 18 542 3 Linear E G Ro R1 Polynomial E ARi2 BR C Offset C ARo BRo These equations give displacement only without any temperature compensation Ma
57. ort has a scaling of O 2 5V DC using a 16 bit DAC 65536 levels and will therefore have OV 500 Hz amp 2 5V 2500 Hz so resolution 2500 500 65536 0 03 Hz However with the instrument adjusted to operate over the range of 500 to 700 Hz as observed above then OV 500 Hz amp 2 5V 700 Hz so resolution 200 65536 0 003 Hz PEROD Sensor Excitation Period This option defines the update period for the sensor excitation and measurement operation There is always a trade off between the sensor update rate and the power supply requirements of the instruments For fast dynamic changes a fast sensor update rate is required but for slow static measurements only a low update rate is required Each instrument requires a unique identification number that is required to locate a specific instrument upon a network Currently the identifier is an integer of range 0 32 TRa Transmission Data Options Not used RS485 SDI 12 To optimise the network bandwidth in order to ensure the maxium number of sensors can be deployed the User is allowed to select the number and type of sensor inputs used on the VibWire 108 for data transmission across a network 1S OT represents 1 vibrating wire sensors no temperature 2S 0T represents 2 vibrating wire sensors no temperature 1S 1T represents 1 vibrating wire sensor 1 temp sensor 2S 2T represents 2 vibrating wire senors 2 temp sensors Tra int Defines the rate of data trans
58. ounting strain gauge 3 025 x 10 3 micro strain per Hz squared gt 3000 micro strain Generally better than 1 micro strain Approximately 100 ohms 200C to 800C 11 ppm per OC 50 mm nominal 175 mm 1 39 m 15 mm 0 5 micro strain 2500 micro strain 12 ppm deg C 3 000 micro strain set mid range 1 micro strain 0 1 FS 11 ppm C 20 C to 80 The details on this page have been obtained from the sensor manufacturers web sites and are liable for change at any time Embedment Strain Gauge VibWire 108 User Manual V1 09 27 26 0 Main Menu Terminal Port Models VibWire 108 SDI12 and VibWire 108 RS485 support a terminal menu system to enable the instrument to be configured Refer to page 22 for details of connecting the instrument to a Terminal Emulator program running on a PC File Edit View Call Transfer Help This is the Main Menu that appears on Main Menu i n starting the menu system 2 Thermistor type 1 3 Thermistor type 2 S Pisce boner l l 6 Channel 8 Quick Menu Guide A Channel 4 Cr f B Channel 1 Option 4 Diagnostics use menu system available here to Ope T nf start a instrument scan on demand and observe data 5 Option 5 Pluck Control restricts sensor ping frequency Used when poor quality sensors with 3rd harmonic E a EZ oscillations are encountered Fig 38 Main Menu 27 0 Pluck Control The pluck control system built into t
59. p Acquire data across the SDI 12 network for 2 x VW108 instru ments and store data into the logger starting at the free cell D in the data table D 3M 3D0 7M 7D0 5 2 Multi Instrument Solutions For multiple instruments to operate together on an SDI 12 network then they must each have a unique ID number assigned As soon as a measurement instruction is sent by the data logger the the SDI 12 bus is activated and all the instruments are powered on Upon receipt of the correct start measurement command then then a scan of the sensors is made and data is sent in turn to the data recorder After all data is received the the instruments are all powered off The image below shows how a simple multi instrument system is connected together to a data logger 5 4 Multi instrument Data Logger Solution Figure 5 below shows how a typical multi instrument data logger system is wired together Example of multi instrument SDI 12 Application Fig 5 SDI 12 Gnd SO we sora Y VibWire 108 User Manual V1 09 7 6 0 RS 485 Serial Network Connections Earth RS485 RS485 lines are connected in common to all units RS485 Common to all instruments RS485 RS485 Common to all instruments RS485 ia 12V DC E A E OV Earth Earth O Earth O Earth NPN 4 NPN 3 e NPN 4 O NPN 3 4 O O O E E E ae Control Signal Lines T e 1 Gnd E is 2 Power EH 3 A 3 RS485 gt
60. rTerminal A 3 ES e File Edit View Call Transfer Help Dele me Worked Example Example setup channel 0 Press item 2 Set Frequency to 1000 Pluck Control 1 Initial Pluck 1000 6 2 CHO Centre frequency 0 3 CH1 Centre frequency 0 4 CH2 Centre frequency 0 5 CH3 Centre frequency 0 6 CH4 Centre frequency 0 7 CHS Centre frequency 0 8 CH6 Centre frequency 0 9 CH Centre frequency 0 Up Top _ Si ici Fig VV opposite demonstrates how a typical spike in a stream of steady state data values 3rd Harmonic Spike will appear to the User The spikes in the data are often caused by faulty seating of the sensor coil Frequency Hz Steady State Values The Pluck Control option will remove the false peaks caused by sensor oscillation away from the fundamental operating frequency Fig 39 Spike in data Low Frequency Centre Frequency High Frequency The pluck control range Range 12x Centre Freq Centre Freq 2 x Centre Freq Therefore with Centre Freq 1000 Hz a pues ere a Low Frequency Centre Frequency High Frequency y entre Frequency ow Frequency id Frequency ax Frequency Pluck Range Yo X 1000 _ 1000 Dx 1000 800 400 800 1600 900 450 900 1800 500 Hz to 2 K Hz with 1 K Hz centre frequency 1000 500 1000 2000 1200 600 1200 2400 VibWire 108 User Manual V1 09 28 28 0 Firmware Upgrade Facility Using the Terminal Port menu system 1 From the Main Menu selec
61. rd 23 Low order word 24 Chan 4 Temp High order word 25 Low order word 26 Chan 5 Temp High order word 27 Low order word 28 Chan 6 Temp High order word 29 Low order word 30 Chan 7 Temp High order word 31 Low order word 32 Number of Scans High order word 33 Low order word 34 Number of Modbus High order word read attempts 35 Low order word VibWire 108 User Manual V1 09 24 23 4 RS 485 Network Connection amp Installation The VibWire 108 Modbus instrument will connect to any suitable Modbus system supporting RS 485 digital communications This could be a plant wide SCADA solution or simply a stand alone system running on a PC or laptop So long as a suitable communications port is available then the instrument will communicate The image below shows how the VibWire 108 Modbus units are connected to the media converter or similar 485 digital communications port The Modbus operations are transparent over the network The Keynes Controls USB 485 media converter is shown but any other similar device can be used The VibWire 108 Modbus instrument operates as a master slave system where the SCADA system or data recorder is the master and the instrument acts as the slave RS 485 Fig 23 RS 485 BUUU LLLI 1 M M OLT L ALT LLT dad rd rd s dr lo dr 7 7 42 DC Sensor Supply The image below demonstrates how additional units can be connected together to create larger distributed applications
62. ree mode q 955 1HR C3d Channel 3 Real time results display 6HR Q 7 4S OT 24HR C4d Channel 4 Real time results display 2 Updated rate for transmitted data 98 OT Tra int AAA 4S OT C5d Channel 5 Real time results display Analogue output scaling only s 8S 0T Low frequency a S 1S 1T C6d Channel 6 Real time results display CHO LF i 360 S podia C7d Channel 7 Real time results display Vibrating wire sensor pp 4S 4T Frequency range 600 8S 8T CHO RA 700 800 100 900 200 PEROD Sensor Activation Period CH1 LF 300 1000 1200 ned 1400 i 500 pe Defines the sensor scan period for the instrument So 1800 The analogue output channels are updated after each scan s00 2290 O 2400 1S 5S 15S 1min 1Hr 6Hr 24Hr 1000 2600 2800 oo sooo 3000 ID System identifier number DISP This option is used to select the type of engineering results that are shown on the 7 segment display Per 1 Freq period of oscillation in mSec Freq XXXX X in Hz units changed by terminal Pst Percentage of range the percentage of range is used to optimise the settings for the analogue output port in order to achieve the best result Example A vibrating wire sensor showing a PSt 0 1 on the display and settings of LF Low frequency of 500 Hz and range of 2000 Hz This indicates that the results from the sensor is only operating over the lower 10 of the defined range i e 500 700 Hz For the assigned range above the analogue output p
63. rent measurement Used for starting a measurement for all instruments on a network at the same time This command frees RS 485 bus for other devices Send data data returned aND Vib Vib Therm Therm and has same format for each command Thermistor 1 2 Thermistor Type 1 Temperature sensor settings Parameters from the sensor calibration sheet Steinhart Hart Parameters Thermistor resistance temp calculation See page 36 Thermistor Type 2 Temperature sensor settings Parameters from the sensor calibration sheet Steinhart Hart Parameters Thermistor resistance temp calculation See page 36 VW Sensor Input Channel Settings Therrmistor Type The VW108 supports 2 different thermistor types for temperature measurement Thermistor Temperature Calculation Master a al Used to make command set SDI 12 compatible aAb a initial address b new address aM a address of instrument example OM starts scan for ID O aC start measurement instrument address a aD0O aD1 aD2 or aD3 aDO channel 0 and 3 VibWire Sens aD1 channel 4 and 7 VibWire Sens aD2 channel 0 and 3 Therm analog aD3 channel 4 and 7 Therm analog VibWire 108 supports 2 thermistor types aXT1RE aXT1TO 25 aXT1BET aXT1STO aXT1ST1 aXT1ST2 aXT1ST3 aXT2RE aXT2T0 25 aXT2BET aXT2STO Y aXT2ST1 Y aXT2ST2 aXT2ST3 aXCHOFN F Frequency type N VW
64. rrent start measurement command can be used 14 1 Possible Network Problems Should a larger than expect load be put onto the SDI 12 network then the voltage drop between 0 V and SDI 12 12 V supply can be as high as 2 V If this is the case then the instrument may not respond as expected Copyright Keynes Controls 2008 2009 Release Version 1 06 VibWire 108 User Manual V1 09 13 15 0 SDI 12 Supported Commands The following commands are supported by the VibWire 108 SDI 12 model Description Acknowledge active Send ID provided to complement SDI 12 protocol Address Query identifies instrument address and commonly used on single instrument operations only Change Address used to change instrument address from a inital to b new ID for network operations Start Measurement instruct an instrument to make measurement Concurrent measurement Used for starting a measurement for all instruments on a network at the same time This command frees RS 485 bus for other devices Send data data returned aND Vib Vib Therm Therm and has same format for each command Thermistor 1 amp 2 Thermistor Type 1 Temperature sensor settings Parameters from the sensor calibration sheet Steinhart Hart Parameters Thermistor resistance temp calculation Thermistor Type 2 Temperature sensor settings Parameters from the sensor calibration sheet Steinhart Hart Parameters Thermistor resistance temp calculation
65. s a nice warm day to Fahrenheit First 26 x9 5 234 5 46 8 Then 46 8 32 78 8 F VibWire 108 User Manual V1 09 19 19 0 Real time Frequency Display All of the VibWire 108 models contain a 5 digit 7 segment display and this can be used to display the instantaneous frequency from any of the individual vibrating wire sensor inputs Vibrating wire sensors can be deployed a considerable distance from the VibWire 108 interface and may well be embedded into a structure To ensure that the sensors are operating correctly simply observe the sensor operating frequency on the 7 segment display and then confirm the result is within the operating range as specified by the manufacturer When operating in a real time mode the instrument frequency display responds instantly to effects upon the sensor To use the VibWire 108 as a real time frequency display follow the instructions below 19 1 Assigning the real time display to a VW sensor input To activate the real time frequency display 1 Starting at The Basic menu item is the first menu item available after the instrument is powered on 2 Select Menu In button du Use the Up amp Down Keys to select the option The Display above shows the option required to place Channel 0 for real time frequency output the other options available are Analg Seral COd C1d C2d C3d C4d C5d C6d C7d COd Channel 0 C7d Channel 7 Once the C0d option is selected t
66. t option 1 Systems Maintenance 2 The following menu will appear Biot Hyperterminal e kjgf HyperTerminal gt a _ File Edit View Call Transfer Help De es 2 System Maintanence 1 Upload new firmware 2 Diagnostic Messages 3 Load Defaults U Up T Top Fig 40 System Maintenance Menu 3 Select option 1 Upload new firmware KJYG HyperTerminal File Edit View Call Transfer Help DS 03D System Maintanence 1 Upload New Firmware 2 Diagnostic Messages 3 Load Defaults U Up T Top READYTORCU Connected 0 06 05 Auto detect 9600 8 N 1 4 Using the HYPERTERMINAL menu system Select Transfer Send Text File option KJYG HyperTerminal File Edit view Call BAGEA Help a 3 af Send File Receive File Sust Capture Text Send Text File 1 Upload New 2 Diagnostic 3 Load Details cd U Up T Top READYTORCU Fig 41 Uploading new firmware Sends a text File to the remote system PAE EAE _ appears on the screen as the firmware loads into the sensor interface Burning message shows that the firmware has been loaded correctly Firmware Update Any new firmware is sent out from Keynes Controls technical support only Only a competent software engineer should undertake this task Keynes Controls offer a back to base firmware upgrade service A small cost is incurred if using this service Make sure the latest firmware which is in the
67. terface supports the 4 wire sensor interface Due to the wide range of temperature sensors used in vibrating wire sensors it is not possible to pre define the temperature output values from the interface in engineering units Both the VibWire 108 and 101 units give the temperature values in mV The calculation for temperature from the sensor thermistor is shown below The circuit below shows the VibWire 108 ps input wih pulkuoreeistor completion The VibWire 101 and 108 models use 2 4 V excitation for the sensor thermistor 2 4V Excitation Viherm Voltage across thermistor VR 3300 Ohm Pull up resistor A Vr Voltage across pull up resistor VibWire 108 POEP Temp Output Vino Vibrating Wire Thermistor Level in mV OV Example A VibWire 108 101 provides an output temperature value of 1086 mV then therm 2 4 V therm 3300 where 3300 pull up resistor value where V therm 1 086 V therefore therm Excitation volt V therm 3300 Pull up Resistor 2 4 1 086 3300 1 414 3300 0 398 mA using Ohms Law Note 1086 mV 1 086 Volts The Resistance of the Thermistor is calculated R therm V thom therm 1 086 0 000398 2121 4 Ohm Now 2727 4 ohms is the resistance of the thermistor at the at temp T Temperature Conversion The thermistor resistance value is converted to temperature using the Steinhart Hart Equation T 1 where T absolute temperature in Kelvin R therm in Ohms Ci T C2 IN Rtherm Ca
68. twork The following example shows how to start measurements on instruments with ID numbers 2 7 and 9 respectively For this example the instruments are instructed to start readings one at a time and the network is not freed up until each instrument responds that the readings are being undertaken The instruments will start their measurement operations but will not send data across the network until instructed to do so Use the command aM where a Instrument ID Number Use the command aM for RS 485 network operation Examples of use The following example is based upon a simple application of 3 x VibWire 108 units connected together on a local SDI 12 network Unit 1 with address 2 has 4 vibrating wire sensors Unit 2 with address 7 has 6 sensors connected and finally Unit 3 has only 2 sensors connected master sends 2M Instrument responds 20144 r n indicated readings available after 60 secs followed by 2 r n when the measurement is completed 7M 70206 r n T r n 9M 90082 r n gnn Note For this command the RS 485 network will not become available until each instrument completes its measurement cycle SDI12 Setup The VibWire 108 is fully integrated into the Keynes Controls iPowenip delay ie 500 AquaLOG SDI 12 data recorder and communications interface 2 Powerdown delay ms 0 3 Device 1 Command D 4M 4D0 4D1 4D2 4D3 The menu opposite shows a typical SDI 12 network command 4 Device
69. upply can be used when large number o units are being used The image above shows how the VibWire 108 can be integrated into a PC based data recording and display solution using the Q LOG application software The USB SDi12 Pro and USB RS485 Pro media converters are used to add new Km network strings to the computer as and when required The USB Pro range of e depending upon signal media converters power the VibWire 108 interfaces directly from the PC USB port Ana Q LOG will also operate with many third party intelligent sensors VibWire 108 User Manual V1 09 9 9 0 Technical Specifications The technical specification for the different models is shown below All of the VioWire 108 family of products use the same terminal port setting for configuration operations Measurement Data Number of channels VW sensor coil resistance Distance of VW sensor to interface Frequency range Frequency Resolution Accuracy Long term stability Temperature range Temperature resolution Temperature accuracy Thermistor measurement Thermistor excitation Input resistance Units Display only Resolution Electrical Data Voltage supply Current compensation SDI 12 Option only Idle mode Active measurement Measuring time warm up response Length of data lines SDI 12 SDI 12 Address mode General Data Dimensions mm Material SDI 12 Digital Port CE Conformity Weight Communications Terminal Port S
70. ype 1 3 Thermistor type 2 Fig 20 4 Diagnostics 5 Channel 0 6 Channel 1 7 Channel 2 8 Channel 3 9 Channel 4 A Channel 5 B Channel 6 C Channel 7 U Up T Top Important Note The Thermistor Type calculation option determines which calculation is used regardless to the calibration parameters that are configured 22 4 Temperature Sensor Configuration The VibWire 108 uses the in built thermistor inside a VW sensor to measure temperature The menu system enables two different thermistor sensor details to be predefined and stored into the instrument The menu system enables both the VW sensor linearisation and thermistor temperature equations to be configured The thermistor resistance and therefore temperature is calculated using the Steinhart Hart equation The output SI unit is in Deg C The VW sensor linearisation uses the industry standard quadratic equation to convert the VW signal into engineering units The parameters for this part of the instrument configuration can be found on the VW sensor calibration data sheet Warranty Information Selecting the VW sensor output units The following procedure is for the VibWire 108 SDI12 VibWire 108 RS485 and VibWire 108 modbus models only The VibWire 108 supports output units of Hz Digits Hz2 and SI units Frequency proc 0 Hz 1 Digits Hz 2 SI Units where SI Units is by Quadratic Expansion Channel 0 1 Frequency proc 1 2 Thermistor type

VibWire-108 Manual - Keynes Controls Ltd

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