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GSM Remote Control System

1. START OF THE GSM VARIABEL gt K gt K gt K gt x gt x gt K gt x gt K gt K gt K gt K gt 2K gt K gt K MSG NR DS B 1 IDENTIFYING RECIVED MESSAGES DC B 0 SEND MSG DS B 1 IDENTIFYING MESSAGES TO SEND DC B 0 134 166 GSM software H 3 Constants TEMP_NR DS B 13 NUMBER OF THE CURRENT REMOTE USER DC B 0 COUNTERS FOR BALANCING SYSTEM UPDATES INCOUNTER DS B 1 LINE FEED COUNTER CLOCK COUNTER GSM COUNTER TEMPRATURE COUNTER ALARM COUNTER CLKCOUNTER DS B GSMCOUNTER DS B TEMPCOUNTER DS B ALARMCOUNTER DS B E E Gk dk H GSM software 135 af 166 Appendix LCD software L1 Main Functions GSM RCS 2008 K gt K gt K gt K gt K 2K oko oko FK FK oko KK KK o KK K ER KK 2K ECKE 2K KK ORO OR OR EQU TIME_OUT SPACE 500000 THE TIMEOUT IS APPROX 20s ALARM_COUNT2 ALARM COUNT1 MIN_TEMPOLD MAX_TEMPOLD TEMP_OLD TEMP_OLD_A MIN_TEMP MAX_TEMP MIN_TEMP_A MAX_TEMP_A ADMIN_NR1 ADMIN_NR2 ADMIN_NR STOP1 USER_NR2 USER_NR STOP2 D
2. END 7 8 NUMERIC MENU ADMIN_PHONENUMBER FINISHED K ok sk ok ok ok sk ok 9k oF ok ok ok sk oF P ADMINAUTH F 900001 BSR WAIT DISPLAY ON AND CURSOR ON MENU SETUP I LCD software 143 af 166 I 1 Main Functions BSR LEA BSR BSR LEA BSR BSR LEA BSR BSR LEA BSR RESET_LCD ADMIN A6 PRINT_LINE SECOND ENTER A6 PRINT LINE THIRD PHONE NR1 A6 PRINT LINE FOURTH PHONE 2 6 PRINT_LINE gt K gt K gt K gt x gt gt K gt x gt x gt gt K o Eoo oko ook o FK FK oko KK KK o e FK FK 2K 2K R R KOR R R RUNAGIN17 RUN17 ACTIVE17 COM17 RIGHT TIMEOUT17 WRONG17 MOVE B BSR LEA MOVE L MOVE L BSR CMP L BNE CMP L BEQ BRA CMP L BEQ MOVE B BSR ADD L MOVE B CMP L BNE LEA LEA CMP B BEQ MOVE B CMP B BNE BRA MOVE B BSR L BSR RTS MOVE B BSR L BCLR RTS BSR MOWE L RTS 903 900001 WAIT ADMIN NR1 A1 0 D2 0 D0 KEYPAD C X D5 ACTIVE17 TIME_OUT DO TIMEOUT17 RUN17 A D5 RUNAGIN17 D5 900003 WAITBF 1 D2 D5 A1 8 D2 RUNAGIN17 ADMIN_NR AO ADMIN NR1 At 0 A0 RIGHT A0 DO A1 D0 WRONGI7 17 900001 WAIT 8 D3 WAIT_OUT C 900001 WAIT 20 D3 2 D4 WAIT_OUT 5 D3 KKK gt K K K K K K K K KK K K Administrator xEnter Phone number
3. KEYPAD L X D5 158 af 166 I LCD software I 2 Subroutines CMP B 3116 ENTRY BEQ ENDKEYPAD TEST1 CMP B 311 ENTRY BNE TEST2 MOVE L 71 D5 MOVE B 1 D1 MOVE B 16 ENTRY BRA ENDKEYPAD TEST2 CMP B 2 ENTRY BNE TEST3 MOVE L 72 D5 MOVE B 2 D1 MOVE B 16 ENTRY BRA ENDKEYPAD TEST3 CMP B 3 ENTRY BNE TEST4 MOVE L 3 D5 MOVE B 3 D1 MOVE B 16 ENTRY BRA ENDKEYPAD TEST4 CMP B 5 ENTRY BNE TEST5 MOVE L 74 D5 MOVE B 4 D1 MOVE B 16 ENTRY BRA ENDKEYPAD TEST5 CMP B 6 ENTRY BNE TEST6 MOVE L 5 D5 MOVE B 5 D1 MOVE B 16 ENTRY BRA ENDKEYPAD TEST6 CMP B 7 ENTRY BNE TEST7 MOVE L 6 D5 MOVE B 6 D1 MOVE B 16 ENTRY BRA ENDKEYPAD TEST7 CMP B 9 ENTRY BNE TEST8 MOVE L 7 DS MOVE B 7 D1 MOVE B 16 ENTRY BRA ENDKEYPAD TEST8 CMP B 10 ENTRY BNE TEST9 MOVE L 8 D5 MOVE B 8 D1 MOVE B 16 ENTRY BRA ENDKEYPAD TEST9 CMP B 11 ENTRY BNE TESTO MOVE L 9 D5 MOVE B 9 D1 MOVE B 16 ENTRY BRA ENDKEYPAD TESTO CMP B 14 ENTRY BNE TESTENTER MOVE L 0 D5 MOVE B 0 D1 MOVE B 16 ENTRY TESTENTER CMP B 13 ENTRY BNE ENDKEYPAD MOVE L A D5 I LCD software 159 af 166 1 2 Subroutines MOVE B 16 ENTRY ENDKEYPAD RTS 160 af 166 I LCD software ADC and Temperature software Definitions ADC_ADR EQU C00001 ADC_CS EQU 47000
4. BSR WAIT MOVE L 0 D2 MOVE B MIN TEMP MIN TEMPOLD THE MIN ALARM TEMPERATURE IS SAVED MOVE B MAX TEMP MAX TEMPOLD THE MAX ALARM TEMPERATURE IS SAVED LEA MIN TEMP 0 LEA MIN TEMP A A1 MOVE L 0 00 BSR KEYPAD_C THE KEYPAD ENTRY FUNCTION IS RAN CMP L X D5 BNE ACTIVE33 ADD L 1 00 TIME_OUT BEQ TIMEOUT33 BRA RUN33 CMP L A D5 BEQ MOVE B D5 900003 PLACE THE ENTRY ON THE DISPLAY BSR WAITBF MOVE B D5 A1 SAVE THE INPUT AS ASCII ADD L 1 D2 CMP L 1 D2 CONVERT TO NORMAL INTEGER BNE CONVERT33A MULU 10 D1 BRA CONVERT33B CMP L 3 D2 BNE CONVERT33 MULU 10 D1 BRA CONVERT33B ADD B A0 D1 MOVE B D1 A0 SAVE THE INPUT FOC A oF KKK kk R K CMP L 2 D2 BEQ PRINT1 CMP L 4 D2 BEQ VAL33 xDO VALIDATION BRA RUNAGIN33 MOVE B C 900001 DISPLAY ON AND CURSOR OFF BSR WAIT MOVE B MIN TEMPOLD MIN TEMP THE VAULE OF MIN AND MAX RETURNS TO THE VAULE SET BEFORE MOVE B MAX TEMPOLD MAX TEMP MOVE L 20 D3 BCLR 2 D4 SETS THE THIRD BIT IN D4 LOW RTS I LCD software 147 af 166 I 1 Main Functions VAL33 MOVE B BSR LEA LEA LEA MOVE B MOVE B MOVE B gt K gt KK gt K gt x oko gt gt K gt gt gt K FK 2K FK o FK K 2K FK K K KOR OR OR OR CMP B BGE CMP B BHI CMP B
5. 2K FK ok FK Eo 2K FK o FK FK 2K o KK SEEK FKK R R KK OR INIT_BUFFER LEA LEA INIT BUFFERO CMP L BEQ MOVE B BRA INIT BUFFER1 RTS 311 CLKCOUNTER FF CLKCOUNTER CLOCK_UP_01 MOVE_BUF 28 D4 CCLK_Q AO SEND_ST_GSM WAIT4LF CMP_ANS MOVE_BUF 0 CLKCOUNTER 28 D4 CLOCK_UP_02 0 INCOUNTER MSG_UPO WAIT2LF CMP_ANS MOVE_BUF DO A7 GSM DR DO 3 0A DO INPUT GSM1 0 D1 INCOUNTER D1 1 D1 D1 INCOUNTER 5 7 00 BUF S POINT A4 BUF S 300 5 LOADS MAX SIZE OF BUFFER A5 A4 INIT BUFFER1 0 A4 INIT_BUFFERO UPDATE TIM ADD ATEMPT LOOK IF ITS TIME IF NOT JUMP RESET BUFFER RESET STATUS BIT LOAD COMMAND POINTER SEND COMMAND WAIT FOR 2 LINE FEEDS RECONISE RESPONSE RESET BUFFER RESET ATEMPT COUNTER CONTROLATE STATUS BIT F NOT JUMP RETURN CMP TO LOOK FOR RESPONSE IF NOT JUMP WAIT FOR 2 LINE FEEDS RECONISE ANSWER RESET BUFFER RETURN INTERRUPT FUNCTION FOR GSM SAVE REGISTER ON STACK RECIVE CHAR CMP TO FINDE LINE FEED JUMP IF NOT RESET REGISTER MOVE LF COUNTER TO REGISTER COUNT 1 LINE FEED SAVE REGISTER IN VARIABEL MOVES CHAR TO BUFFER RESSTORE REGISTER RETURN INITILAIZE BUFFER LOADS START OF BUFFER CMP START AND END JUMP IF SIMULAR RESET MEMORY J
6. Main code ADC ADD B 1 TEMPCOUNTER MOVE L 0 D0 MOVE B ADR DO ADD W TEMP AV D DO MOVE W DO TEMP AV D MOVE B TEMPCOUNTER D1 CMP B 20 D1 BNE END ADC MOVE L 0 D1 DIVU 20 DO Moves the content of addr C00000 into DO BSR CALC Branch to subroutine CALC MOVE W 0 TEMP_AV D MOVE B 310 TEMPCOUNTER END ADC RTS Calculation CALC ADD 540 DO MULU W 15 D0 DIVU 32 D0 CMP W 273 D0 BLE NEGATIVE BRA POSITIVE NOP POSITIVE SUB L 273 D0 MOVE B DO TEMP_C_D MOVE B D2 BRA TO_10 NOP NEGATIVE MOVE W 273 D1 SUB D0 D1 MOVE W D1 DO MOVE B D2 BRA TO_10 This does integer division at 10s and 1s Calculates 10s TO 10 MOVE W D0 D1 DIVU W 10 D1 161 of 166 ROL L MOVE B SWAP W Calculates 1s AND L ROL L MOVE B SWAP W Check for 0 or 5 SWAP W DO ANDI L DIVU W MULU W ROL L MOVE B ADD L MOVE L RTS TEMPCOUNTER DS B 1 xTEMP AV D DS W 1 8 D2 D1 D2 D1 FFFF D1 8 D2 D1 D2 D1 FFFF 16 D0 5 D0 8 D2 D0 D2 303030 D2 D2 D7 162 af 166 J ADC and Temperature software Alarm software ALARM_UP ADD B BEQ RTS ALARM_UP_6 MOVE L MOVE L MOVE L MOVE B MOVE W MOVE W ROR L MOVE W ROL L BGT CMP W BLT MOVE B RTS ALARM UP 1 CMP B BNE MOVE W ALARM UP 2 CMP W BEQ RTS ALARM UP 3 CMP B BLE RTS ALARM UP
7. k kk kkk k kkk k THE MAIN RUTINE FOR THE MENU SYSTEM MENUMAIN NOP MENU_1 CMP L 1 D3 BNE MENU 2 BSR P INIITIALIZE FIRST MENU DISPLAYED DURING INITIALIZATION BRA ENDMENU MENU 2 CMP L 2 D3 BNE MENU 3 BSR P_ADMINREG1 ENTER ADMINISTRATOR PHONE NUMBER BRA ENDMENU MENU_3 CMP L 3 D3 BNE MENU 4 BSR ADMINREG2 ENTER GSM PIN CODE BRA ENDMENU I LCD software 137 af 166 I 1 Main Functions MENU_4 4 D3 BNE MENU 5 BSR P_ADMINREG3 ENTER TIME AND DATE BRA ENDMENU MENU 5 CMP L 5 D3 BNE MENU 6 BSR P_MODE THE USER MODE MENU BRA ENDMENU MENU 6 CMP L 6 D3 BNE MENU 7 BSR P_RESET_U THE USER PROFILE RESET MENU BRA ENDMENU MENU 7 CMP L 7 D3 BNE MENU 8 BSR P_ADMINAUTH THE ADMINISTRATOR AUTHENTICATION MENU BRA ENDMENU MENU 8 CMP L 8 D3 BNE MENU 9 BSR P_ADMINMAIN THE ADMINISTRATOR MAIN MENU BRA ENDMENU MENU 9 CMP L 9 D3 BNE MENU 10 BSR P CONTROL A THE ADMINISTRATOR CONTROL MENU BRA ENDMENU MENU 10 10 03 BNE MENU 11 BSR P ALARM A THE ADMINISTRATOR ALARM MENU BRA ENDMENU MENU 11 CMP L 11 D3 BNE MENU_12 BSR P_SETALARM_A THE ADMINISTRATOR ENTER ALARM TEMPERATURE MENU BRA ENDMENU MENU 12 12 D3 BNE MENU_13 BSR P_TEMP_A THE ADMINISTRATOR TEMPERATURE MENU BRA ENDMENU MENU_13 13 03 BNE MENU_14 BSR P_SETTEMP_A THE ADMINISTRATOR ENTER SET TEMPERATURE BRA ENDMENU MENU_14 14
8. X D5 BEQ RUNAGIN20 ACTIVE20 CMP L A D5 BEQ RUNAGIN20 MOVE B D5 900003 PLACE THE ENTRY ON THE DISPLAY BSR WAITBF MOVE B D5 AO SAVE THE INPUT ADD L 1 D2 CMP L 4 D2 BEQ END20 BRA RUNAGIN20 END20 MOVE B C 900001 DISPLAY ON AND CURSOR OFF BSR WAIT BSR WAIT OUT MOVE L 4 D3 RTS 21 ADMINISTRATOR REGISTRATION WRONG GSM PINCODE gt K gt K gt K gt x gt K gt K gt x 2 gt K K gt gt gt gt K ook FK FK o FK FK 2K FK FK FK 2K FK FK Eoo eoe R R 2K 2K OK R P ADMINREG4 MOVE B F 900001 DISPLAY ON AND CURSOR ON BSR WAIT BSR RESET LCD Wrong PIN code LEA WRONG PIN A6 Enter BSR PRINT LINE PIN code BSR SECOND LEA ENTER A6 BSR PRINT LINE BSR THIRD LEA PIN REG A6 BSR PRINT LINE BSR FOURTH SCC KK KK KK RK KKK ENTRY BSR WAIT MOVE L 0 D2 LEA PIN AO RUNAGIN25 BSR KEYPAD_C THE KEYPAD ENTRY FUNCTION IS RAN CMP L X D5 BEQ RUNAGIN25 ACTIVE25 CMP L A D5 BEQ RUNAGIN25 140 af 166 I LCD software I 1 Main Functions MOVE D5 900003 PLACE THE ENTRY ON THE DISPLAY BSR WAITBF MOVE B 05 A0 SAVE THE INPUT ADD L 1 D2 CMP L 4 D2 BEQ END25 BRA RUNAGIN25 END25 MOVE B C 900001 DISPLAY ON AND CURSOR OFF BSR WAIT BSR WAIT_OUT MOVE L 5 D3 RTS 22 ADMINISTRATOR REGISTRATION TIME AND DATE xFINISHED sokekokokokokotokekekekekekeketolokokokokokokokekokekekelelelelelelelele
9. 1 Temperature range 2 Alarm temperature conflict 3 Authentication 4 Syntax error 5 Network failure 3 4 2 Use case 2 Turn temperature control off Case objective The administrator or the user wishes to terminate the control of the temperature In the same action the system is returned to only monitoring the temperature Participants Mocksystem Administrator or user Administrator Local interface h System Mocksystem Remote interface Figure 3 5 Illustration of the participants and functions related to Usecase 2 Normal system sequence 1 Administrator or user turns control unit off 2 Used mobile number is compared to authentication list 3 Text message syntax is compared to system syntax 4 Confirmation is sent to administrator or user 5 The control of the temperature is turned off 6 The system returns to monitoring the temperature normal operation 18 af 166 3 System Analysis 3 4 Use cases Case exceptions 1 Authentication 2 Syntax error 3 4 3 Use case 3 Status Case objective The administrator or the user wishes to receive information regarding the system status The system status covers current temperature alarm temperature and control status Participants Administrator or user Temperature sensor Administrator Local interface h System Remote interface Mocksystem Figure 3 6 Illustration of the participants and functio
10. Autonomous control of an electrical device Remote alarming in relation to the monitoring of an electrical device All of the these objectives have been accomplish in this project The group is confident in this conviction since the acceptance test 6 on page 95 confirms that the demands specified in the performance specifications 3 5 on page 23 have been met It is noted that the acceptance test only verify some of the demands specified in the performance specifi cations This is done since some of the demands are verified during the development of the system The most basic demands are thus not mentioned in the acceptance test 101 of 166 The questionnaire related the system user manual has not been conducted due to a shift in the time frame This means that it is not possible to verify that the product meet the demands related to the system user manual e g the system syntax A preliminary test has been conducted with a reviewed manual and the feedback has been positive Still the final test has to been conducted to conclude whether the demands have been met The designed software meets the demands specified in the performance specifications but several steps could be taken to streamline the system and add a few final adjustments The group has identified a series of software features that could be designed more efficiently Most of these features however call for a re design review of the entire system software and are therefore
11. 30 D2 CONVERT FROM ASCII MULU 10 D2 MULTIPLY TO FIL VALUE ADD B D2 MAX TEMP ADD TO MAX VARIABLE ACTION17 04 MOVE B 9 SEND MSG SELECT ALARM SET SMS BSR SEND_SMS SENDING SMS RTS RETURN ACTION17 05 MOVE B 8 SEND MSG SELECT ERROR SYNTAX SMS BSR SEND_SMS SENDING SMS RTS RETURN ACTION17_08 12 SEND MSG SELECT ERROR ALARM RANGE BSR SEND_SMS SENDING SMS RTS RETURN 17 09 MOVE B 13 SEND MSG SELECT ALARM CONFLICT WITH SET TEMP BSR SEND_SMS SENDING SMS RTS RETURN ACTION17 10 MOVE B 6 SEND MSG SELECT NOT ALLOWED SMS BSR SEND_SMS SENDING SMS RTS RETURN ACTION18 LEA HANG AO LOAD COMVAND POINTER BSR SEND ST GSM SENDING STRING RTS RETURN gt K gt K gt K gt lt gt lt gt lt gt x gt x gt x gt gt K gt K K gt x K K gt K gt K gt K gt K gt K K K CE K FK ECKE HRK K K K K K K KR E 2K 2K K K KK KK MOVE BUF NOP RESETS THE BUFFER LEA BUF_S POINT A4 SET BUFFER START POINTER TO START OF BUFFER SPACE A4 A5 CMP TO SE IF END OF BUFFER BEQ MOVE BUF1 JUMP IF MOVE B 30 A5 RESET SPACE AND MOVE POINTER BRA MOVE BUF JUMP MOVE BUF1 MOVE B 0 INCOUNTER RESET THE LF COUNTER 132 af 166 H GSM software H 3 Constants RTS RETURN gt K gt gt gt gt FK gt gt SK PK PK PK FK PK K K K K K K K K K K K K K KK K K K K K K K K K K K KK K K K SEND_TE GSM NOP SEND TEMPRATURE TO SMS ROL L 8 D7 ROTATE
12. 4529661784 Table 3 1 The menu displayed on the LCD when entering the administrator phone number When the administrator has entered the administrator phone number he she is asked to enter the PIN code for the SIM card used in the system The menu related to this action is illustrated in table 3 2 Administrator Enter PIN code Table 3 2 The menu displayed on the LCD when entering the SIM cards PIN code The last part of the initialization is setting the system time The time is set to enable the system to determine when to terminate a user profile For further information see User options in section 3 7 2 The displayed menu is illustrated in table 3 3 Administrator Enter Time date vhs Table 3 3 The menu displayed on the LCD when setting the system time When the last step has been completed the system initializes the GSM module and displays the menu illustrated on figure 3 4 The change from this menu to the administrator main menu indicate that the system initialization has been completed GSM RCS ES Department AAU 2008 Table 3 4 The menu displayed on the LCD during internal initialization The administrator now has the opportunity to change the default settings and operation mode or 3 System Analysis 29 af 166 3 7 User manual use the system as it is To avoid any operating problems it is recommended that the administrator check the default settings This
13. A21 A19 Ai8 A20 19 A1g U DS RAM 2 A20 Aig Ajg A 9 Aig Ajg LDS UART 423 420 421 422 LCD 20 A21 22 x 23 x LDS Keypad A22 A20 A21 A23 LDS GSM A22 20 A21 3 A23 Temp Sensor A21 420 1 A22 A23 LDS Controlunit A21 A20 A22 A23 LDS Table 4 16 Logic equations for generating Chipselect signals 4 Hardware Design 61 af 166 4 11 Microprocessor Communication 4 10 1 PEEL In addition to addressing it is also necessary to connect the VPA and VMA pins to the GSM module Since the PEEL chip 22CV10A 4 has 10 I O pins and 13 dedicated input pins two PEEL chips are required to be able to generate the needed CS signals The logic description of the CS signals for the peripherals can be seen in table 4 16 The CS signals for the LCD and the Control unit are active high the rest is active low The address decoding and the necessary operating signals for these can be generated with the first two PEEL s but a third PEEL is needed to generate interrupt signals and handle interrupt acknowledge signals from the M68k The raw ABEL code for the third PEEL can be seen in appendix G 3 4 11 Microprocessor Communication The M68k is able to transfer data between itself and the memory in two ways The data transfer can happen either synchronously or asynchronously This section contains a short summary of what e
14. ELM6 ELM6 DC L DATA6 READ MSG ELM7 ELM7 DC L DATAY7 ACTION7 ELM8 ELM8 DC L DATA8 ACTIONS ELM9 ELM9 DC L DATAS ACTIONS ELM10 ELM10 DC L DATA10 ACTION10 ELM12 ELM12 DC L DATA12 ACTION12 ELM14 ELM14 DC L DATA14 ACTION14 ELM15 ELM15 DC L DATA15 ACTION15 ELM16 ELM16 DC L DATA16 ACTION16 ELM17 ELM17 DC L DATA17 ACTION17 ELM18 ELM18 DC L DATA18 ACTION18 0 STRINGS FOR LINKED LIST DATAO DC B ATE0O 13 13 10 OK 13 10 0 OK RESPONSE WITH ECHO DATA1 DC B 13 10 OK 13 10 0 OK RESPONSE DATA2 DC B 13 10 CME_ERROR operation not allowed 13 10 0 TEST STRING DATA3 DC B 13 10 CME_ERROR _incorrect_password 0 WRONG PIN CODE DATA4 DC B 13 10 CME ERROR invalid index 0 WRONG TIME DATA5 DC B 13 10 CMS ERROR SIM busy 0 SIM CARD NOT READY DATA6 DC B 13 10 CMTI SM 0 SMS RECIVED DATA7 DC B 13 10 4CNGS 0 SMS SENT DATA8 DC B 13 10 4CSQ 0 NETWORK STRENGT DATA9 DC B 13 10 0 DATA10 DC B 00 3E 20 0 TRANSMIT SMS DATA12 DC B alarm off 0 STOP THE ALARM SMS DATA14 DC B stop 0 TURN OFF CONTROLE DATA15 DC B Status 0 STATUS DATA16 DC B settemp 0 SETS THE TEMP DATA17 DC B setalarm 0 SETS THE ALARM TEMP DATA18 DC B 13 10 RING 0 INCOMMING CALLL
15. gt K gt 62 gt K gt x gt gt K 2K ok gt K gt K gt K FK ook ook ok oo 2K FK KR oko KK 2K FK K 2K E R 2K FK KK OK RESET LCD BSR MOVE BSR RTS WAIT 1 900001 WAIT THE STANDARD PRINTING RUTINE DISPLAY CLEAR CONTROL IF THE COMMAND IS AT THE END OF THE TEXT STRING END REPEATS WHIT THE NEXT CHAR CREATES A WAIT THAT LAST 15 7 mS PRINT_LINE BSR WAITBF L69 CMP B 0 A6 BEQ END_COM MOVE B 900003 BSR WAITBF BRA L69 END_COM RTS WAIT ROUTINES FSAI AIC KK SKK kk KOK COMMANDS WAIT MOVE L 0 D0 L12 ADD L 1 D0 CMP L 3500 D0 BNE L12 RTS CHARACTERS WAITBF NOP I LCD software 157 af 166 1 2 Subroutines LL BTST B 7 900001 WAITS FOR THE BUSSY FLAG BIT TO GO LOW BEFORE MOVING ON BNE LL RTS SMALL WAIT WAIT2 MOVE L 0 00 CREATES WAIT PERIOD OF 0 228 mS L15 ADD L 1 D0 CMP L 50 D0 BNE L15 RTS SMALL WAIT USED FOR THE TIMEOUT THE MENU IS VISEBLE FOR 1 03 SECONDS WAIT OUT MOVE L 0 D0 L18 ADD L 1 D0 CMP L 230000 D0 BNE L18 RTS SECOND LINE FIRST CHARACTER JUMP gt K gt K gt K gt x gt K gt K 2K ok Eo ok ooo o K FK 2K FK R oe FK FK R FK SK FK FK OK 2K K FK 2K KK R OR R SECOND MOVE B C0 900001 BSR WAIT2 RTS THIRD LINE FIRST CHARACTER JUMP gt K gt K gt K gt
16. AS 105 amp 1 A23 amp A21 amp A20 A22 st AS 105 amp CSI8 amp CSI7 test vectors A23 A22 A21 A20 A19 A18 LDS VMA AS INT gt CS5 CS6 CS7 CS8 CS9 CS10 VPA DTACK _U H L L L L L L L L X _ gt _ L L H H H L X L _ TS2 H L L H L L L X L X H H H H H L X L LCD _J H L H L L L L X L X _ gt _ H L L H H L X L _ KEYB H L H H L L L L L X H L H L H L X L GSM _ H H L L L L L X L X _ gt _ H L H H L L X L _ ADC H H L H L L L X L X gt H L H H H H X L Control _H L L L L L L L L X gt L L H H H L L X VPA KEYB H L H H L L L L L X gt H L H L H L L X GSM S IH H L L L L L X L H H LL H H L L X H DTACK ADC H J ADC ikke klar end PEEL2 PEEL module PEEL3 title EAGR415 3 decoder device P22V10 input pins A1 A2 A3 NMI1 NMI2 IRL5 IRL4 FCO FC1 FC2 pin 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 output pins IPLO IPL1 IPL2 CSI8 CSI7 NMI 14 15 16 17 18 19 120 af 166 G PEEL software G 3 PEEL 3 H L 1 0 IPL IPL2 IPL1 1IPLO FC2 FC1 FC0 ADDR A3 A2 A1 equations NMI NMI1 amp NMI NMI2 IPL2 IPL1 IPLO L L L H H H amp NMI H L H amp IRL5 H L L amp IRL4 amp 5 CSI8 I ADDR H L L amp CSI7 I ADDR H L H amp test vectors FO H H H FO H H H A3 A2 A1 NMI1 NMI2 IRLA4 I
17. entire system set up The default settings among other things state the alarm temperature e Alarm temperature is set default to minimum 0 C and maximum 80 C e The set temperature is set default to 21 C 3 6 Performance verification The conditions for the performance verification tests are described in this section The basis for the test is the performance specifications that dictate the demands that are to be fulfilled Not all demands are verified because some tests include several demands This means that some demands are verified through tests designed to verify other demands 3 6 1 I O devices The system has 5 I O devices One of the main I O devices is the GSM module but since this is a product delivered by Siemens it is not to be tested The next I O device is the temperature sensor This is to be tested for accuracy and there is therefore written a test paragraph for this device The local interface consisting of the LCD and keypad is tested for failures The mock system is also tested In order to structure tests for each device a paragraph is formed for each test 3 6 1 1 The temperature sensor must be able to measure the temperature with an accu racy of at least 0 5 C Three thermometers are placed together with the temperature sensor in the vicinity of an adjustable heat source The heat source is turned on and the temperature is logged from the three thermometers and the temperature sensor The temperature is
18. since the product has met all the demands that have been tested for It is noted that the system user manual has not been tested in accordance with the performance specifica tions This will be addressed the conclusion in section 7 on the facing page Some of the test where conducted several times due to failures in the software These failures have been corrected and the current software meets the demands of the performance specification It is however noted that the current software does not support the alarming of the user in the case of the temperature dropping rapidly This is only a problem if the minimum alarm temperature is close to 0 C The problem accrues since the subroutine ALARM UPDATE can not distinguish between positive and negative temperatures The feature was never implemented since the lowest possible alarm temperature is 0 C The problem could be corrected by adding more arguments to the compare function used in the alarm subroutine The system record uptime is 9 1 2 hour The system also reset during this test for some reason unknown to the group 100 af 166 6 Accept tests Conclusion In this project the group has succeeded in designing and constructing a microprocessor based system capable of monitoring and controlling an electrical device The system allows both remote and local mon itoring and control of the device The actual system is designed around a Motorola 68000 microprocessor The remote interface consis
19. 1 Main Functions LOOP5 2 CMP L BNE BCLR BRA LOOP5 3 CMP L BNE BRA TIMEOUT5 MOVE L BCLR RTS END5 MOVE L RTS 2 D5 LOOP5 3 0 D4 ENDS 3 D5 RUNAGIN5 END5 20 D3 2 D4 8 D3 2 TURN OFF SETS THE FIRST BIT IN D4 LOW I E THE SYSTEM IS IN MONITORING MODE 3 BACK STATUS MENU SETS THE THIRD BIT IN D4 LOW RETURN TO ADMINISTRATOR MAIN MENU 10 JUMP MENU ALARM MENU ALMOST FINISHED gt K gt K gt K gt x gt K gt K 2K K gt gt K gt x gt gt K gt K gt K ook FK FK o oe ook FK FK FK e oe FK FK 2K 2K R R KOR OK R P_ALARM_A MOVE B BSR BSR LEA BSR BSR LEA BSR BSR LEA BSR BSR LEA BSR UPDATE THE MOVE B BSR LEA MOVE B BSR MOVE B BSR MOVE B BSR LEA MOVE B BSR MOVE B BSR C 900001 WAIT RESET LCD ALARMM A6 PRINT LINE SECOND CURRENT A6 PRINT LINE THIRD SET ALARM A6 PRINT LINE FOURTH BACK 2 6 PRINT LINE VARIABLE CB 900001 WAIT MIN TEMP A A6 900003 WAITBF A6 900003 WAITBF 2D 900003 WAITBF MAX_TEMP_A A6 A6 900003 WAITBF A6 900003 WAITBF 0 D0 THE COUNTER IS RESET KEYPAD C THE KEYPAD ENTRY FUNCTION IS RAN RUNAGINA MOVE L L4 BSR CMP L BNE ADD L CMP L BEQ BRA ACTIVE 4 CMP L BNE MOVE L BRA LOOP4 2 CMP L BNE MOVE L BRA TIMEOUT4 MOVE L X D5 ACTIVE_4 DISPLAY ON AND CU
20. 15 K Temp x 4 688 10 V 2 emp x 4 688 10 V 2 53V TY 5 3 298 15 K 298 15 K Temp x 4 688 10V uo 42 aa ET 4 emp x 4 688 10 V 2 980V 2 53V 298 5 4 Temp 468 75 107 253 15 5 5 253 15 Temp 468 75 10 2 K emp 468 75 10 s aE 5 6 Temp 468 75 107 x 540 05 5 7 The processor does not support floats and therefore values are rounded off and or substituted by fractions to make the calculation possible 540 05 540 5 8 15 468 75m x 68 75m 7 5 9 The function will add 540 to the value of the ADC multiply it by 15 and divide it by 32 After the calculation the function will have the temperature in K To convert it into C the function will subtract 273 since it is the approximate difference between Kelvin and Celsius While converting the value the function needs to determine if the temperature is positive or negative The right signs are set in the final value along with the temperature converted into ASCII characters 5 Software Design 89af 166 5 9 Alarm update Pseudo code START GET TEMPERATURE FROM DO CONVERT BITS TO KELVIN PUT KELVIN ONTO DO IF DO lt 273 DO 273 D0 D2 ELSE DO D0 273 TEMP_C_D DO D2 eset TO 10 The function TO 10 has the purpose of integer division and outputting the temperature as ASCII charac ters First D1 is divided by 10 to get the 10s D2 is rotated
21. 16 D3 RTS TIMEOUT13 MOVE B C 900001 BSR WAIT MOVE L 20 D3 MOVE B 0 USER_NR BCLR 2 D4 RTS PLACE THE ENTRY ON THE DISPLAY SAVE THE INPUT THE NEXT MENU IS THE DAYS ACTIVE MENU DISPLAY ON AND CURSOR OFF THE USER MAIN MENU DISPLAY ON AND CURSOR OFF THE STATUS MENU SETS THE THIRD BIT IN D4 LOW 15 2 NUMERIC MENU NEW USER DAYS ACTIVE FINISHED RR ok ok 9k k oR 9k oR EK IKK ak k k P USERREG 2 MOVE B F 900001 DISPLAY ON AND CURSOR ON BSR WAIT MENU SETUP BSR RESET LCD KK SK SK SK SK SK KK LEA NEW USER A6 NEW USER x BSR PRINT LINE xDAYS ACTIVE x BSR SECOND LEA ENTER A6 BSR PRINT LINE BSR THIRD LEA DAYSACTIVE BSR PRINT_LINE BSR FOURTH MOVE L 0 D2 LEA DAYS ACTIVE AO POINT TO THE DAYS ACTIVE SPACE RUNAGIN8 MOVE L 0 D0 COUNTER RESET RUN8 BSR KEYPAD C CMP L X D5 BNE ACTIVE8 ADD L 1 D0 CMP L TIME_OUT DO TIME OUT IF DO 30 BEQ TIMEOUTS BRA RUN8 ACTIVE8 CMP L A D5 BEQ 8 D5 900003 PLACE THE ENTRY ON THE DISPLAY BSR WAITBF ADD L 1 D2 ADD B 01 CMP L 1 D2 BNE JUMP8 MULU 10 D1 JUMP8 MOVE B D1 A0 SAVE THE INPUT CMP L 2 D2 BEQ END8 I LCD software 151 af 166 I 1 Main Functions TIMEOUTS END8 BRA MOVE B BS
22. 2 A18 A19 A21 A22 423 LDS RAMI 422 A21 A20 A19 A18 Azo A19 A1g UDS 2 Ao3 FA22 A20 A19 A18 A20 A19 A18 LDS UART A23 VMA Table 4 4 Logic equations for generating Chipselect signals In the table only chip selects are listed but the PEEL s also handle output enable write enable and data acknowledge signals The PEEL codes can be seen in Appendix G 4 4 GSM module In order to enable the user to communicate with the system using the GSM network a GSM module is implemented in the system The used module is a prefabricated Siemens TC 35 GSM module 16 Using a prefabricated module eliminates a large part of the hardware design The prefabricated module is designed so it can be used through a RS 232 serial connection 4 Hardware Design 43 af 166 4 4 GSM module 4 4 1 Location The GSM module will be connected to a RS 232 that is designed for this purpose The RS 232 connection is described in section 4 5 on the next page 4 4 2 Functionality description As pointed out previously a prefabricated GSM module will be used For more details about the circuit see the datasheet 16 Instead of designing an actual circuit this section describes all the system requirements that are needed in order to use the GSM module The power supply for the GSM module is provided trough a 6 pin connection The pin configura
23. 2 D0 LOOK IF THERE IS 2 NUMBERS BEQ ACTION16_08 JUMP IF 130 af 166 H GSM software H 2 Subroutines ACTION16_02 ACTION16_08 ACTION16_04 ACTION16_05 ACTION16_06 ACTION16_07 ACTION17 ACTION17_03 ACTION17_02 ACTION17_07 ADD BRA LEA CMP W LEA CMP W BLE CMP W BLT CMP W MOVE W MOVE BSET L MOVE BSR RTS MOVE BSR RTS MOVE BSR RTS MOVE BSR RTS NOP MOVE L MOVE L MOVE L BTST L BEQ CMP L BEQ CMP B BLT CMP B BGT ROL L MOVE B ADD L CMP B BEQ ADD BRA MOVE W 1 A3 ACTION16_03 MAX_TEMP_A AO A0 D1 ACTION16_06 MIN_TEMP_A AO A0 D1 ACTION16_06 3030 D1 ACTION16_07 3430 D1 ACTION16_07 D1 TEMPX D2 TEMPX_D 0 D4 7 SEND MSG SEND SMS 8 SEND MSG SEND_SMS 10 SEND MSG SEND_SMS 11 SEND MSG SEND_SMS 0 D0 0 D1 0 D2 23 D4 ACTION17_10 A3 A5 ACTION17_05 30 A3 ACTION17_02 39 A3 ACTION17_02 8 D1 D1 1 D0 4 D0 ACTION17_07 1 A3 ACTION17_03 D1 D2 MOVE POINTER JUMP LOAD MAX TEMP TO REGISTER CMP TEMPS IF GREATER THEN MAX JUMP LOAD MIN TEMP TO REGISTER CMP TEMPS JUMP IF LESS THEN MIN TEMP LOOK IF TEMP IS INSIDE RANGE JUMP IF UNDER JUMP IF OVER SAVE TEMP IN VARIABEL SA
24. 5 KE 1V 4 23 VLCminmax 0 1 V 4 24 56af 166 4 Hardware Design 4 8 Keypad 4 7 4 Summary In this section the design of the LCD L1614 3 in relation with the M68k has been described The typical write cycle for the display has also been accounted for through an example 4 8 Keypad In this section the design of the keypad is described The function of the keypad is to enable the admin istrator user to enter data into the system Together with the LCD section 4 7 the keypad make up the local user interface which allows the administrator user to interact with the system The keypad used in this project is a standard keypad that consists of matrix arranged pressure sensitive switches This keypad is used because of its low cost and slick design The used keypad is a self contained device which holds more buttons than necessary in this project This is however no problem since the constructed device is a prototype which in a commercial situation will be simplified The used matrix setup enables that the keypad can be replaced with as few switches as needed in a commercial situation In figure 4 15 the general design of the keypad is illustrated Figure 4 15 A keypad similar to the one used in the GSM RCS In order to use the keypad in relation with the M68k The keypad signal is controlled by a 4 bit encoder The used encoder is a 74C922 2 that changes the input from the 12 pressure sensitive switches to a 4 b
25. 8th and the 9th measurement the heat source was moved closer to the setup since the heat source could not be turned any higher The distance between the setup and the source was changed from approx 3 cm to 1 5 cm 4 2 3 6 1 2 LCD test The test is designed to test if all 64 characters of the LCD is working properly Test procedure The test is executed by using a test program specificly designed to print character on the LCD The test program prints the ASCII character FF on all characters of the LCD The FF is an ASCII character that fills all the pixels of the individual characters The test program is illustrated below TEST NOP MOVE B FF 900003 PRINT AN FULL BLOCK ON THE LCD BRA TEST RUN THE FUNCTION CONTUNIUSLY The program code does not feature the initialization of the LCD B 4 3 3 6 1 3 Keypad test The test is designed to test if all the buttons on the keypad is working properly Test procedure The test is executed by using a test program specifically designed to print characters on the LCD when the specific button is pressed The test program is illustrated below B Testjournal I O devices 109 af 166 B 4 Tests TEST 2 NOP BSR KEYPAD_C RUN THE KEYPAD ENTRY SUBROUTINE CMP L x D5 BEQ TEST2 MOVE B FEF 900003 PRINT THE ENTRY ON THE DISPLAY BRA TEST2 The program code does not feature the initialization of the LCD 4 4 3 6 1 4 Control unit test The test is designed to tes
26. 9B 900001 LOCATION COMMAND THIRD LINE END 4 BSR WAIT x SYSTEM TIME LOCATED IN D6 MM HH ROL L 8 D6 MOVE B D6 900003 PRINT THE FIRST DIGIT ON THE DISPLAY BSR WAITBF ROL L 8 D6 MOVE B D6 900003 PRINT THE SECOND DIGIT ON THE DISPLAY BSR WAITBF MOVE B 3A 900003 PRINT ON DISPLAY BSR WAITBF ROL L 8 D6 MOVE B D6 900003 PRINT THE THIRD DIGIT ON THE DISPLAY BSR WAITBF ROL L 8 D6 MOVE B D6 900003 PRINT THE FOURTH DIGIT ON THE DISPLAY BSR WAITBF UPDATE THE STATE OF THE GSM MODULE MOVE B D9 900001 LOCATION CAMMAND FOURTH LINE END 7 BSR WAIT BSR GSM_ONOFF BSR PRINT_LINE PRINT THE STATE OF THE GSM MODULE ON THE DISPLAY BSET 2 D4 SETS THE THIRD BIT IN D4 HIGH NOW ONLY THE VARIABLES ARE UPDATED BSR KEYPAD_C THE KEYPAD ENTRY FUNCTION IS RAN CMP L X D5 BEQ INACTIVE MOVE L 5 D3 FORCED TO USER MODE MENU IF ENTRY IS MADE RTS L2 Subroutines xSTART SUBS ORG 47000 FE AAC CARICA ARC EKK SUBROUTINES USED IN THE MENU FUNCTIONS o gt K gt K gt K ok 2K K ok o FK FK ok FK KK KK 2K FK K 2K FK SK R ECKE 9ROROR ORO OR R INITIALIZE THE LCD gt K gt K gt K K gt x gt K gt x gt x gt K gt K gt K gt K gt ok ook o K FK o FK FK FK FK 2K 2K FK FK FK R FK 2K EE KK OR OR R INIT LCD MOVE B 38 900001 BSR WAIT MOVE B 38 90
27. A o to A23 42 af 166 4 Hardware Design 4 3 PEEL Module A20 A17_2 Al LDS UDS AS ROMI 0 0 0 0 0 0 X X 0 1 0 ROM2 0 0 0 0 0 0 X X 1 0 0 RAMI 0 0 0 0 X X x x 0 1 0 RAM2 0 0 0 0 X X x x 1 0 0 UART 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 x 1 0 0 Table 4 3 Truth table for addressing of ROM RAM and the serial connection Values 1 or 0 is the required state on the address bus X s are don t cares The inclusion of AS is needed to avert false or random chip selects AS Address strobe is a signal the processor sends when an address is ready on the address bus By implementing AS in the chip select logic it is possible to avoid any chip select from being generated before the address is ready on the bus 4 5 PEEL To handle address decoding a PEEL chip is used minimizing the use of actual logic gates The PEEL is a programmable chip which can be programmed to act as several connections of different gates This means that all the logic used for the address decoding can be done using PEEL chips The programming for the PEEL is done by using the programming tool ABEL The ABEL code is easily translated from boolean equations in table 4 4 By calling the different addresses on the M68k the appropriate chip select signals will be generated by the PEEL s This ensures that only the intended chips or peripherals react to the call ROMI A18 Ato A21 A23 UDS
28. BSR WAIT2LF WAIT 2 LINE FEED BSR CMP_ANS RECONISE RESPOND BSR MOVE_BUF RESET BUFFER RTS RETURN E EEE E E READ SMS NOP READ SMS BSR MOVE BUF RESET BUFFER LEA READ A0 SET COMMAND POINTER BSR SEND ST GSM SEND THE COMMAND LEA MSG NR A0 BSR SEND ST GSM LEA COM END AO BSR SEND ST GSM BSR WAITSLF WAIT OR 5 LINE FEEDS BSR FIND NR SUBRUTINE TO FINDE PHONE NUMBER BSR CMP NR SUBRUTINE TO CONTROLATE SENDER RTS RETURN GAGES KK KK KICK KOR DELET_SMS NOP DELET SMS BSR MOVE_BUF RESET BUFFER LEA DELET AO LOAD COMMAND POINTER BSR SEND_ST_GSM SEND COMMAND LEA MSG_NR AO BSR SEND_ST_GSM LEA COM END AO BSR SEND ST GSM BSR WAIT2LF WAIT FOR 2 LINE FEEDS BSR ANS RECONISING RESPOND BSR MOVE BUF RESET BUFFER RTS RETURN EEEE EEE EEEE EEEE EEEE EEEE EE EE EEE E E FIND_NR NOP FIND PHONE NUMBER L 0 D0 RESET REGISTER MOWE L 0 D1 RESET REGISTER LEA TEMP_NR AO LOAD POINTER TO SAVE NUMBER L A4 A3 COPY START POINTER LOOK NR CMP L A3 A5 LOOK OF AT END OF BUFFER BEQ END_NR JUMP IF MOVE B DO MOVE CHAR TO BUFFER CMP B DO COUNT BEQ ADD_K JUMP IF CMP B 1 D1 CMP AMOUNT OF BEEN BNE LOOK_NR IF NOT RIGHT JUMP TO NEXT CHAR MOVE B A0 MOVE CHAR TO VARIABEL BRA LOOK_NR JUMP END_NR RTS RETURN ADD_K ADD B 1 D1 COUNT 126 af 166 H GSM software H 2 Subroutines BRA LOOK_NR JUMP EEE
29. Carrier Return or OxOD according to the datasheet 15 where all features are described in greater detail Initializing the GSM module The GSM module has to be initialized To do this the GSM module needs several commands transmitted in a specific order The used commands are in table 5 3 In the table they are listed in the order they are sent to the module COMMAND DESCRIPTION ARGUMENT ATE Turn off on echo from the module 0 AT CPIN Registers the pin code for the SIM card XXXX AT CNMI Sets the GSM module to send an interrupt signal 1 2 0 0 1 when a SMS is received AT CMGF Set the message mode for the module 1 AT CCLK Controls the internal clock in the module YY MM DD HH MM SS Table 5 3 AT commands for initializing the GSM module Handling SMS messages The primary function of the GSM module will be to manage text messages from administrator user The commands used to handle text messages are shown in table 5 4 5 Software Design 77 af 166 5 6 GSM software COMMAND DESCRIPTION ARGUMENT AT CMGS Sending SMS messages Phone number of receiver AT CMGR Reading SMS messages index for SIM storage AT CMGD Deleting SMS messages index for SIM storage Table 5 4 AT commands for handling text messages Misc AT commands In addition to these commands in tables 5 3 and 5 4 there are a few commands that do not fit into thees categories These are
30. D2 VAL40 IF LESS OR EQUAL TO 40 BRANCH TO VAL40 ERROR STOP IF BIGGER THAT 40 3030 D2 VALMIN IF BIGGER TO 0 BRANCH TO COMPARE FOR MAX TEMPERATURE ERROR MIN_TEMP_A D2 VALMAX ERROR MAX_TEMP_A D2 VALID_ENTRY ERROR TEMP_OLD TEMPX_D TEMP_OLD_A TEMPX 13 D3 WAIT_OUT STOP_1 8 D3 RETURN TO ADMIN MAIN MENU 10 D1 D1 TEMPX D RUNAGIN18 14 8 NUMERIC MENU USER PHONENUMBER FINISHED P_USERREG1 CMP L 0 USER_NR SEE IF THERE ALREADY IS A USER PROIELE BNE END13 END IF ENTRY PRESENT MOVE B F 900001 DISPLAY ON AND CURSOR ON BSR WAIT MENU SETUP BSR RESET LCD LEA USER TOP A6 User BSR PRINT LINE Enter BSR SECOND xPhone number LEA ENTER A6 45 BSR PRINT_LINE BSR THIRD LEA PHONE_NR1 A6 BSR PRINT_LINE BSR FOURTH LEA PHONE_NR2 A6 BSR PRINT_LINE MOVE B 03 900001 BSR WAIT LEA USER_NR A6 A1 POINTS TO THE USER PHONE NUMBER SPACE MOWE L 0 D2 RUNAGIN13 MOVE L 0 D0 RUN13 BSR KEYPAD THE KEYPAD ENTRY FUNCTION IS RAN CMP L X D5 BNE ACTIVE13 ADD L 1 D0 CMP L TIME_OUT DO BEQ TIMEOUT13 150af 166 I LCD software I 1 Main Functions BRA RUN13 ACTIVE13 CNP L A D5 BEQ RUNAGIN13 MOVE B D5 900003 MOVE B D5 A6 ADD L 1 D2 CMP 8 D2 BNE RUNAGIN13 BSR WAIT_OUT MOWE L 15 D3 RTS END13 MOVE B C 900001 BSR WAIT BSR WAIT_OUT MOVE L
31. Hardware Design 51af 166 4 7 Liquid Crystal Display 4 6 4 Summary In this section the circuitry for the ADC and the temperature sensor has been described The ADC and temperature sensor acts as a digital thermometer by using the output from a LM335 and converting it into a binary value which can be read by the m68k 4 7 Liquid Crystal Display In this section the design of the LCD will be described The function of the LCD is to enable the user to receive information regarding system status and administrator user information In relation with a nu meric keypad 6 the LCD will make up the local user interface which allows the administrator user to interact with the system The LCD used in this project is a standard type display L1614 3 This display is produced by Seiko and is capable of displaying sixteen characters on four lines e g 64 characters each consisting of 5x7 pixels The display also features an embedded controller which facilitates the communication to the display The integrated RAM in the LCD is divided into two sections the DD RAM and the CG RAM In this project only the DD RAM will be used since the project has no need for custom characters The DD RAM contains the standard characters ASCII defined which are addressed using the display data bus The LCD is able to operate either using a 4 bit or a 8 bit data bus Since the M68k 9 microprocessor data bus is 16 bit the 8 bit configuration is used in this
32. L L H L X L H X gt H H H L X X L L L L H H X L H X H H H L X X L L L H L L X L H X gt H H H L X X Wraparound test L L L H H H X L H X gt H H H H X X Error test CS3 cannot be active here Error test CS4 cannot be active here 119 of 166 G 2 PEEL 2 OUTPUT ENABLE amp WRITE ENABLE X X X X X X b X X H X X X X L H X X X X X X L X X L K X DX X HL Error test _ LH L H H L L X L H X _ gt _ _H H H H X X _ Error test H L H H L L X H L X H H H H X X Error test end PEEL1 G 2 PEEL2 module PEEL2 title EAGR415 PEEL 2 decoder device P22V10 input pins A18 A19 A20 A21 A22 A23 AS LDS VMA CSI7 CSI8 INT pin 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 13 20 output pins CS5 CS6 CS7 CS8 CS9 CS10 DTACK VPA nCS7 14 15 16 17 18 19 22 23 21 H L 1 0 X X equations CS5 A23 A20 A21 A22 VMA UART CS6 A23 amp A20 amp A21 A22 amp LDS LCD CS7 A23 amp A21 A20 A22 LDS Keypad nCS7 CS7 CS8 A23 amp A21 amp A20 A22 VMA GSM CS9 A23 amp A22 A20 A21 LDS ADC CS10 A23 amp A22 amp A20 A21 LDS Control Unit DTACK AS CS9 amp INT VPA A23 A20 A21 st A22 AS LDS VPA _ _ A23 sf A20 tt A21 3t A22 st
33. REGISTER ACTION8_07 ADD L 1 A3 MOVING POINTER CMP B 4 D0 LOOK IF ALL NUMBERS FOUND BNE ACTION8_01 JUMP IF NOT SWAP W D1 SWAP WORDS IN REGISTER 3939 D1 LOOK FOR SIGNAL STRENGT BEQ ACTION8_02 IF NONE JUMP BSET L 1 D4 SET STATUS BIT RTS RETURN ACTION8_02 BCLR L 1 D4 CLEAR STATUS BIT RTS RETURN EEE EEEE EEEE EEE KK KK KK KK KK ACTION9 NOP TIME UPDATE CMP_ANS TRIGGERD MOWE L 0 D0 RESET REGISTER ACTION9_01 CMP B 30 A3 CMP TO FIND ASCII NUMBERS BLT ACTION9_07 JUMP IF NOT CMP B 39 A3 BGT 9 07 ADD B 1 D0 COUNT NUMBERS CMP B 7 D0 CMP AMOUNT OF NUMBERS BLT 9 07 IF LESS JUMP CMP B 10 D0 CMP AMOUNT OF NUMBER BGT 9 07 IF MORE JUMP ROL L 8 D6 ROTATE TIME REGISTER TO FIT NUMBER MOVE B D6 MOVE NUMBER TO TIME REGISTER ACTION9_07 ADD L 1 A3 MOVE POINTER CMP B 10 D0 CMP AMOUNT OF NUMBERS TO SE IF END BNE ACTION9_01 JUM IF NOT RTS RETURN EEE EEEE EEE EEEE ok o EEEE oR ok Pk ok EEEE KKR E ACTION10 NOP READY SIGNAL TO TRANSMIT SMS CMP_ANS TRIGGERD CMP B 0 SEND_MSG CMP IF SMS CHOSEN BEQ ACTION10_13 JUMP IF NOT CMP B 1 SEND MSG CMP NR OF CHOSEN SMS BNE ACTION10 02 JUMP TO NEXT IF NOT THIS BSR ALARENAB RUN SMS SUBROUTINE MOVE B 0 SEND_MSG RESET SMS CHOISE 128 af 166 H GSM software H 2 Subroutines ACTION10_02 ACTION10_03 ACTION10_04 ACTION10_05 ACTION10_06 ACTION10_07 ACTION10_08 ACTION10_09 ACTION10_10 AC
34. TEMP REGISTER TO GET FIRST CHAR SEND_TE GSM_1 BTST B 1 GSM_SR SE IF GSM READY BEQ SEND_TE_GSM_1 IF NOT JUMP MOVE B D7 GSM DR MOVE CHAR TO SMS ROL L 8 D7 RETATE REGISTER TO GET NEXT CHAR SEND TE GSM 2 BTST B 1 05 SR SE IF GSM READY BEQ SEND TE GSM 2 IF NOT JUMP MOVE B D7 GSM DR MOVE CHAR TO SMS ROL L 8 D7 RETATE REGISTER TO GET NEXT CHAR SEND TE GSM 3 BTST B 1 GSM SR SE IF GSM READY BEQ SEND TE GSM 3 IF NOT JUMP MOVE B D7 GSM DR MOVE CHAR TO SMS SEND TE GSM 4 BTST B 3t1 GSM SR SE IF GSM READY BEQ SEND TE GSM 4 IF NOT JUMP MOVE B GSM DR SEND STATIC CHAR ROL L 8 D7 RETATE REGISTER TO GET NEXT CHAR SEND TE GSM 5 BTST B 1 GSM SR SE IF GSM READY BEQ SEND TE GSM 5 IF NOT JUMP MOVE B D7 GSM DR MOVE CHAR TO SMS RTS RETURN gt K gt gt gt FK gt FK FK SK AK PK PK SK PK K ok K K 2K K 2K K 2K R 2K 2K 2K R R KOK K K K K K K K K K KK KK K K K SEND SMS A NOP SEND SMS FOR ADMIN BSR MOVE BUF RESET BUFFER LEA SEND A0 LOAD COMMAND BSR SEND ST GSM SEND COMMAND LEA ADMIN NR2 A0 BSR SEND ST GSM LEA COM END A0 BSR SEND ST GSM BSR WAIT1LF WAIT FOR 1 LINE FEED BSR CMP_ANS RECONISE RESPONSE BSR WAIT2LF WAI 2 LINE FEED BSR CMP_ANS RECONISE RESPONSE BSR MOVE_BUF RESET BUFFER RTS RETURN gt K gt K gt oko gt gt gt gt gt SK SK K ok ok 2K E E E CE CE CE E 2K R 2K 2K 2K KOK K K K K K K K K K K K ok ok ok R K H 3 Constants x CODES FOR GSM MODULE GSM_SR EQU B00001 GSM STATUS AND CONTROLE REG
35. Testjournal Communication 113 af 166 Appendix Testjournal System D 1 Preface The objective of the test journal is to test the complete system The tests are compared to the specifica tions 3 5 on page 23 The completion of the test renders to a conclusion on whether the performance specification has been met or not D 2 Equipment The I O devices use the same equipment for most of the tests but some extra equipment is needed for the test of the temperature sensor The items marked with a is only used to test the temperature sensor Type Model AAU nr Power supply Hameg triple power supply HM7042 33906 Laptop Webtech Heat source Stop watch Table D 1 Equipment for system tests D 3 Setup The GSM RCS is connected to the power supply and the Webtech laptop is connected to the system using the serial port for PC communication The M68k setup file is run and the terminal is setup to communicate on the correct COM port Now the power supply is turned on and the TS2 monitor is communicating with the terminal on the PC The setup is ready to load programs on to the system and run tests 114 of 166 D 4 Tests D 4 Tests D 4 1 3 6 3 1 System update test In this test it is determined whether the system updates the temperature time and operating status at least every 30 seconds Test procedure The system software is loaded onto the GSM RCS and set up The temperature is noted a
36. The address range which is reserved for the RAM ROM and the UART has already been discussed The additional peripherals of the system the LCD keypad temperature sensor GSM module and the mock system is added into the design of the chip select The usage of a truthtable helps to identify the different modules that are to be addressed and how to generate the correct chipselect In table 4 15 the truthtable for the chip select is illustrated Using Boolean algebra on the truthtable the chip select logic can be expressed as illustrated in table 4 16 Notice that the pins marked X in table 4 15 are not don t care in the common sense as one of the X will always be one Module ROMI ROM2 RAMI RAM2 UART LCD Keypad GSM Temp Sensor Conrtrol unit LDS UDS gt 5 gt 5 gt S gt S EN gt EN b n 00o00 eee oooooooo oo oooooc o o ooooo o MoS O gt gt gt gt 4 gt gt PrP RP OF OS ooocoooo oc oo ooooo Table 4 15 Truthtable for addressing of ROM RAM and all the peripherals Values 1 or 0 are the required state on the address bus X s are don t ROMI A19 420 21 A22 A23 U DS ROM2 A19 A20 A22 A23 LDS RAMI A23 A22
37. Thermometer 08173 Analog Thermometer alcohol 25 115 C Analog Thermometer mercury 5 101 C Ice bucket Table B 1 Equipment for I O tests B 3 Setup The GSM RCS is connected to the power supply and the Webtech laptop is connected to the system using the serial port for PC communication The M68k setup file is run and the terminal is setup to communicate on the correct COM port The power supply is turned on and the TS2 monitor is now communicating with the terminal on the PC The setup is ready to load programs onto the system and run tests For the temperature sensor test the two analog thermometer the digital thermometer and the temperature 108 of 166 B 4 Tests sensor is placed at the same distance from the heat source B 4 Tests B 4 1 3 6 1 1 Temperature measurement I This test establishes in what degree the temperature sensor can measure the temperature of the surrounding environment This is done to illustrate whether the sensor can actually be used to measure the temperature with a sufficient accuracy Test procedure The three thermometers are placed together with the temperature sensor in the vicinity of an adjustable heat source The heat source is turned on and the temperature is logged from the three thermometers and the temperature sensor The temperature is raised and the temperature is logged again This procedure is repeated 9 times It is noted that between the
38. are listed 80 af 166 5 Software Design 5 6 GSM software dex mand Activation string Description Action OK Command accepted Set a bit flag ERROR incorrect Wrong pin code Set a bit flag password ERROR invalid in Invalid argument for com Set a bit flag call FCMTE SM SMS received Receiving SMS messages CMGS SMS sent Set a bit flag CSQ GSM network status Updates the GSM status CCLK Clock Updates the systems time gt Ready to write SMS message Transmits a SMS messages RING GSM module is receiving a Transmits the hang up com mand Table 5 6 Known responses from GSM module Described later in this section All the responses that trigger the setting of a bit flag are used in the larger functions to control that the GSM module has done as commanded etch responds set a unused bit in a internal register when doing it like this can all critical commands be controlled just by looking at on bite 5 6 6 Text message commands The commands are given in the manual in section 3 7 on page 28 All the commands trigger a function similar to the GSM responses and are automatically executed by the CMP_ANS function To get the CMP_ANS function to work on the SMS messages the buffer start pointer that are used in the function to show the beginning of a string is temporarily moved to the beginning of the SMS mes
39. as a longword to the left and D1 is afterwards put on D2 The left over value in D1 are the amounts of 1s D2 are rotated again and D1 is moved to D2 Finally the code determines whether there should be 0 or 5 after the integer temperature Adding 303030 to D2 converts the number into ASCII characters At last the temperature is moved to D7 An example of this could be the 36 0 C In D7 it will have the format 2B333630 2B is the ASCII code for and 30 39 is the code for numbers 0 9 With a negative temperature such as 6 5 C will be converted to 2D303635 in ASCII 5 8 5 Summary In this section the calculations in relation to the temperature sensor has been described The calculation implementation in the software has also been addressed 5 9 Alarm update To enable the alarming of the administrator it is necessary to design a function that monitors the current temperature The current temperature is compared to the alarm temperatures in order to decide whether an alarm should be dispatched 5 9 11 Detecting alarm temperatures The function requires a predefined set of alarm temperatures set by the administrator If these are not set by the administrator the system uses the default values These values a maximum allowed temperature and a minimum temperature must be compared with the current temperature to determine if an alarm must be dispatched Code function The values stored in the alarm temperature a
40. cation of whether the GSM module is connected to the network or not In order to update the state of this connection the routine GSM_UP is executed Alarm update The system is always monitoring the temperature in order to determine if the alarm temperature is reached If a temperature outside the range specified by the alarm temperature is measured the system sends an alarm to the administrator This functionality is managed by the routine ALARM_UP 5 Software Design 75 af 166 5 6 GSM software Control update When the system is in control mode the routine CONTROL_UP is run The routine is a compare type function that uses the set temperature and the current temperature to determine whether to turn the mock system on or off Terminate user profile Since the system is based on a single administrator user profile setup the user profile must be erased whenever a new user wishes to use the system To ensure that the system does not send any messages to users that are no longer residents at the system location the user profile is automatically terminated after a user specified number of days This action is managed by the routine TERMINATE USER that uses the variable Days active and the system clock in order to determine when to terminate a user profile GSM Interrupt The GSM input is the routine responsible of managing the incoming data from the GSM module When the GSM module sends data the system needs to be ready to rec
41. described in detail Temperature range This exception is run when the temperature is not within the specified temperature range 1 Temperature selected by user is out of range according to default settings 2 Error is sent to administrator or user Alarm temperature conflict This exception is run when the set temperature conflicts with the alarm temperature This excep tion will detect when the temperature is accidentally set so it conflicts with the alarm tempera ture simply by comparing the two values 1 Temperature selected by user conflicts with alarm temperature 2 Error is sent to administrator Set temperature conflict This exception is run when the set alarm temperature conflicts with the set temperature This exception will detect when the temperature is accidentally set so it conflicts with the set temper ature by comparing the two values 1 Alarm temperature selected by administrator or user conflicts with the set temperature 2 Error is sent to administrator or user User authentication When using the remote interface i e the GSM module the used phone number is compared to both the administrator and the user phone number in order to authenticate the number s access to the system 1 Used mobile number is not registered in authentication list 2 Error is sent to same number as received text message Interval specified in the system specifications 3 5 on the next page 22 af 1
42. detect differences fast It also runs on a single supply and can operate at 5 0 V The LM335 12 is linear which means that the output voltage from the sensor can be expressed by the function 4 12 This function is also given in the datasheet for the LM335 12 T Vous Voutry K To 4 12 Voutz is the output voltage at 25 C T is the temperature and To is the reference temperature 25 C Tem peratures must be given i Kelvin The reference voltage Vout is given as 2 98V From this expression the output voltage can be rewritten as a function of the temperature see eq 4 14 where T is given tem perature in degrees Celsius T Vour T 4 13 T 273 15K Vour T 2 98V 4 14 This can be illustrated graphically as shown in figure 4 9 4 Hardware Design 49 af 166 4 6 Temperature Sensor and ADC out 9 Output voltage 720 0 20 40 60 80 100 x Temperature in C Figure 4 9 Output voltage from LM335 as a function of the temperature T in degrees Kelvin The sensor will operate from 20 C to 100 C The output voltage Vo can be calculated using eq 4 14 20 273 15 Vourr min T 2 98V 29815 2 53V 4 15 100 273 15 2 3 7 41 Voiaz max 98V 298 15 3 73V 4 16 Concluding that the output voltage will span from 2 53V to 3 73V Furthermore the temperature area 20 C to 100 C results
43. disable temperature control By disabling the temperature control the system enters monitoring mode In this mode the system will only monitor the temperatures and dispatch alarms if alarm limits are exceeded Control menu Turn on 1 Turn off Back 3 Table 3 14 The user control menu Reset user The user profile can be reset terminated by pressing 2 when in the main menu The reset user menu is illustrated on figure 3 15 3 System Analysis 33 af 166 3 7 User manual Reset user Confirm 1 Back Table 3 15 The reset user menu Remote User Options Following is a list of SMS commands for control of the GSM RCS Action Command System SMS response Obtain system status status System is online Current Temperature xx Temperature control is On Off Alarm range is xx yy Activate system and set temperature settemp xx Temperature Control Enabled Stop thermostat operation and return to stop Temperature Control Disabled monitoring mode Table 3 16 SMS syntax table 2 digit number representing the temperature in C The alarm values are Administrator controlled if you encounter problems due to these please contact the administrator Error Message Explanation Syntax Error Syntax error in the SMS send to the system You are unauthorized Unauthorized user or user trying to send administrator command to the system Set Tem
44. for a write cycle Afterward DTACK is asserted to terminate the buscycle when the requested and latched data is put on the databus DS LDS DTACK Figure 4 19 Asynchronous Read Cycle 9 A general procedure of how the asynchronous operation of a M68k begins with the processor generating an address and asserts the address strobe This informs the memory that the generated address is valid When the memory detects that the address strobe is asserted the data is placed on the databus and be comes valid Afterward the memory asserts its data acknowledge strobe to indicate to the processor that the data is valid The processor detects the strobe reads the data and negates the address strobe to indi cate that the processor has read the data Subsequently the memory negates the data acknowledge signal to complete the cycle This can be seen in the timing diagram in fig 4 20 which resembles the diagram in fig 4 19 4 Hardware Design 63 af 166 4 12 Implementation Address from CPU Address valid Address strobe from CPU Data from memory Data acknowledge from memory Figure 4 20 An idealized asynchronous data transfer in a read cycle The control signals are active high 1 4 11 5 Summary The ACIA peripherals are running synchronously with the CPU while everything else runs asynchronously The reason for this is that the ACIA peripherals are the only ones that are not as fast o
45. function is interrupt controlled it can be executed at any time which means that special care must be taken when handling the internal registers of the processor The internal registers must be the same before and after the function is run Pseudo code START INPUT GSM MOVE USED REGISTERS TO STACK MOVE ACIA DATA TO A REGISTER IF DATA SOA ADD 1 TO LF COUNTER MOVE DATA TO BUFFER IN POINTER ADD 1 TO DATA IN POINTER MOVE ORIGINAL REGISTER BACK FROM STACK END END 5 6 4 Recognizing command lines In order for the system to handle commands and recognize text strings in text messages it needs to be able to recognize character strings and link a function to it To do this all accepted commands and responses from the GSM module is saved in the system memory as character strings The character strings and subroutines are linked together in a linked list described in section 5 3 2 on page 72 By using a linked list the function only needs to know the address of the first element and with NULL placed in the last elements pointer The function will run a linear search in the elements This type of search has a high complexity n but as there are relatively few possibilities in the system there is no need for a more efficient algorithm Code function The function will compare the first character in the buffer with the first element and continue on to the next If presented with two characters that do not match the code will
46. in a voltage difference of AVoutr 3 73 2 53 1 2V 4 17 By dividing the temperature area with the voltage difference the voltage per celcius is obtained AVour 12V 247 e lise 4 18 This means that for every degree kelvin the temperature rises the output voltage of the LM335 12 will rise 0 01 volts Also by using the statement in 4 17 the output voltage in terms of bits can be calculated AVourr 12V V 1LSB 0 004688 4 1 256bits 256 bit i c bit ae This means that every time the ADC counts 1 bit up or down there is a change of 4 688mV Therefore the ADC must have 4 688mV as 1 LSB To do this the ADC needs 3 73V and 2 53V as its boundaries This is done by using the V ef and V er ports on the PM0820FP 14 By setting V ef and Vref to 3 73V and 2 53V respectively the ADC will convert the maximum output voltage from the LM335 12 to binary 111111112 given that the temperature will not exceed 100 C It is the same case for a temperature of 20 C which will result in 000000005 binary If the voltage exceeds the given reference voltages the ADC will give its maximum or minimum value depending of which reference is exceeded 50 af 166 4 Hardware Design 4 6 Temperature Sensor and ADC 4 6 3 Circuit design In figure 4 10 the temperature sensor can be seen When pin 7 on the ADC 14 is held low it will go into Read mode This means a complete conversion is done by pulling RD until ou
47. program which only consists of a series of function calls is used to test the different subroutines as they are implemented This modularization of the software is possible since the software is designed in accordance with the SPU model As the different subroutines are implemented they are debugged using the TS2 monitor This is done by uploading the developed software to the system RAM and running it through the TS2 monitor The initialization subroutine NIT LCD is the first subroutine implemented The reason for this is that the routine enables the LCD to be used during the debugging and testing of the software One way the LCD is used in the debugging is to write test text to the LCD This allow the programmer to monitor the flow and the execution of the program in a visual manner The second routine that is implemented is the natural expansion of the use of the LCD The subroutine MENUMAIN allow the programmer to monitor the state of variables and the system operating mode through the system menus The implementation of the subroutine MENUMAIN is also done in steps as the different menus follow the same basic structure Again this modular structure allow the programmer to commence the testing of other subroutines before the entire MENUMAIN routine has been imple mented and tested When all subroutines has been implemented in the main program the software can be tested according to the demands specified in the performance spe
48. qaa l ute TELE 2 se l Boe eee ee ey Testjournal System Dil Preface 3o n s bah eee GU Oe te D 2 Equipment oem o RR D 5 Setup Sh D4 Tests uox vum pasu Yw EST PN eS ie y Questionnaire Intuitivity test of GSM RCS E 2 Participant information E3 Questions s xs neces de bus Complete schematic PEEL software Gl PEELI ee REDE G27 ae RUE 5 3 PEEL ees tks att eae ev GSM software HJ Main Functions H2 Subroutines zz l Da R39 WW ees 22 Bae Oe RR eR LCD software LI Main Functions I2 Subroutines ADC and Temperature software Alarm software User termination software 114 RUE E 114 EE 114 cc akt A 114 OT 115 116 CCP IER 116 De hin caes ees 116 116 118 119 os ares hae 119 a h metas co Meade ate aes 120 bce hey Magis sie Wight sts 120 122 122 DIU P ERU qe 125 OE NU REC MERC Laya 133 136 Vet Se unie ca es 136 END a A 156 161 163 165 CONTENTS 9 af 166 CONTENTS M Control unit software 166 10 af 166 CONTENTS Introduction For many people a holiday home is a popular way to spend the holidays and weekends There are al
49. raised and the tem perature is logged again This procedure is repeated 9 times The measurements are compared and it is determined whether the temperature sensor can measure the temperature with an accuracy of 0 5 C 3 6 1 2 The LCD must have 4 16 working characters A test program is written in assembly The program is created to fill the LCD with the same character in all spaces in order to ensure that all characters on the display work The motivation for this test is that a dead pixel might change the meaning of the information written on the display 3 6 1 3 All buttons on the keypad must work A test program is written This program writes the corresponding symbol from the keypad on the display when a button is pressed If every button is represented by the correct symbol on the display the keypad works as intended 26 af 166 3 System Analysis 3 6 Performance verification 3 6 1 4 The software has to be able to switch the control unit on and off The software has to turn the control unit on and off according to the settings in the software and the measured temperature 3 6 2 Communications The following paragraph deals with the communications between hardware related I O units e g the GSM module 3 6 2 1 The administrator or user must be able to communicate with the product using a GSM module The system is reset and initialized Using a mobile phone the status command is sent to the GSM module If the system
50. replies as expected the demand is considered as fulfilled 3 6 2 2 The SMS commands has to give correct response The SMS commands in the user manual 3 8 on page 31 is tested one by one and the response is noted If all responses from the system is as expected the test is rendered a SUCCESS 3 6 2 3 The local user interface Menu system should be intuitive to use based on a test a maximum of 10 of the subjects may find it difficult A test group consisting of 10 persons is presented the user manual The test group is to read the manual and state whether they find it difficult or intuitive 3 6 2 4 The text message syntax should be intuitive based on a test a maximum of 10 of the subjects may find it difficult A test group consisting of 10 persons is presented the product SMS syntax The test group is to state whether they find it difficult or intuitive 3 6 3 System The following tests are designed to verify the functionality of the system 3 6 3 1 The system must update the temperature time and operating status at least every 30 seconds The system is reset The interval with which the system performs an update is measured 3 6 3 2 The system must be able to alarm the administrator if the temperature reaches the selected alarm temperature maximum and minimum temperature The system is reset The alarm temperature is set default to 10 C 30 C To test the alarm for 30 C the temperature sensor is placed near a h
51. request a status report locally as this will be displayed at all times The alarm function is only available remotely because it is meant as an alarm in an extreme situation e g if the house is on fire or the temperature becomes very low indicating the need for winter preparations The alarm temperature can however be configured locally By having determined the primary functions of the systems it is reasonable to determine which system blocks are required Based on its versatility it is decided to use an MPU based system to handle the functionality of the system through programming In order to enable the system to manage the different functions a series of I O devices must be implemented The purpose of 14 af 166 3 System Analysis 3 4 Use cases these I O devices is to enable the system to receive send information related to the different tasks The following is a description of the I O devices that are to be implemented and used in order to obtain the desired functionality 3 3 1 GSM module In order to enable the system to be accessed remotely by the user and the system to remotely alert the user a GSM module is implemented When not actively used by the system the GSM module is in standby mode ready to receive information from the user When a message is received the GSM module must be able to interrupt the system as the user commands would have first priority in the system 3 3 2 Temperature sensor The temperature sensor
52. start over with the next element If 5 Software Design 79 af 166 5 6 GSM software an entire string is matched the address for the elements function will be saved in a register so it can be used afterwards If the string is not recognized the code runs an error function Pseudo code START CMP_ANS SET ELEMENT POINTER TO FIRST ELEMENT 11 SET POINTER TO SAVED DATA SET READ POINTER TO START OF BUFFER L2 IF SAVED DATA POINTER 00 EXECUTE SUBROUTINE FROM ELEMENT END END IF READ POINTER ADDRESS BUFFER END POINTER ADDRESS EXECUTE ERROR SUBROUTINE END END IF READ POINTER SAVED DATA POINTER ADD 1 TO SAVED DATA POINTER ADD 1 TO READ POINTER JUMP TO L2 ELSE SET ELEMENT POINTER TO NEXT ELEMENT IF ELEMENT POINTER NULL EXECUTE ERROR SUBROUTINE END END ELSE JUMP TO L1 5 6 5 Accepted strings and actions Every time the CMP_ANS function successfully identifies a string from the GSM module it needs to perform the correct action All accepted strings are stored in a linked list described in section 5 3 2 on page 72 as the same compare function is used for all strings this includes both responses from the GSM module and commands for the administrator user written as text messages Responses from the GSM module All responses from the GSM module starts with the characters lt CR gt lt LF gt Ox0D 0x0A these are not shown in table 5 6 where all used responses that trigger a function in the software
53. the locale user interface 5 7 on page 84 Wait for 45 ms or more after VDD reaches 4 5V 4 RS R W DB7 DB6 DBS DB4 DB3 DB2 DB1 DBO pes Sequence sent multiple times 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 v Wait for 100 us or more RS R W DB7 DB6 DBS DB4 DB3 DB2 DB1 DBO 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 Functon set interface data length 8 bits 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 Display OFF cursor off and cursor blik off 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 Display Clear return to home position 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 Entry Mode Set write increment no display shift End of initialisation RS R W DB7 DB6 DB5 DB4 DB3 DB2 DB1 DBO 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 xuw 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 X045 E 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 X04E N 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 X055 U 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Jump to beginning of second line Figure 4 13 Write cycle for displaying the pseudo menu 4 Hardware Design 55 af 166 4 7 Liquid Crystal Display 4 7 3 Circuit design In this section the physical design of the LCD in relation with the M68k is described In figure 4 14 the circuit design of the LCD in relation with the M68k is illustrated Figure 4 14 Circuit design of the LCD in relation with the M68k In order to communicate with the LCD the system needs to have a series of control lines The control lines consist of the RS and R W and a data enable E The data enable is used as chip s
54. the way the program code is structured This not only gives an organization of the code but can also be reflected directly to the execu tion of the software In this section the basic program structures and their functionalities are described The objective of the section is to identify the most effective program structure for designing the system software Stand alone Main program In this model the program runs in the same main function continuously from beginning to end If the program is structured in this way it is important to take special notice of which variables are used as global and local variables This is important since the different functions may use the same variables more than once This style of programming will only be able to handle specific actions at a specific location in the pro gram This means that there will be no outside influence on the program execution unless the program is set to pull data at a predefined time and or condition specified by the programmer Main program Figure 5 2 Programming done in a single line Standard Subroutines Using subroutines in a program can give a more organized code structure Subroutines work as a part of a program which can be called from the main program This gives several advantages Creating subroutines enables the programmer to write the software in various programming languages This can be an advantage when complex programs are designed Furthermo
55. three thermometers can be seen together with the sensor measurement The actual measurements are stated in table 6 2 It is noted that the three thermometers measurements are quite far from each other Actually the tempera ture sensor is closest to the average between the three thermometer measurements The biggest aberration is 0 8 C and the smallest 15 0 03 The aberrations between the average and the temperature sensor can be seen in table 6 1 95 of 166 6 1 I O device test results 2 Mercury 8 Alcohol Digital Sensor Figure 6 1 The collected measurements of the test Temperature Measurement Sensor Average Figure 6 2 The average temperature and the temperature measured by the sensor Messurement Aberration Unit 1 0 57 C 2 0 70 C 3 0 03 4 0 4 5 0 5 SE 6 0 26 C 7 0 56 C 8 0 33 C 9 0 86 C Table 6 1 The aberration in relation to the average measurement 96 af 166 6 Accept tests 6 2 Communication test results Nr Mercury Alcohol Digital Sensor Unit 1 25 26 26 3 25 C 2 29 4 31 30 5 31 C 3 31 4 33 5 32 7 32 5 C 4 32 6 35 34 1 33 5 C 5 34 8 37 36 2 35 5 C 6 36 4 39 37 8 38 7 37 8 41 39 6 40 uc 8 39 42 40 40 C 9 39 44 43 4 43 C Table 6 2 The actual data the graphs are based upon 6 1 3
56. will be designed so it can be placed at a distance from the main systems physical placement Furthermore the amount of electrical circuits outside the main system must be kept at a minimum 3 3 3 Temperature control Mock system In this project there will not be made a specific temperature control system The actual control consists of a mock system capable of controlling a small LED that indicates whether the heater is on or off 3 3 4 Display The display is the local means to communicate information from the system to the user When the display is not used for a specific task it will show the current temperature the status of the control unit the time and the status of the GSM module 3 3 5 Keypad The keypad is the user s primary way to setup and control the system All commands through this interface will be valid The commands delivered through the GSM module by the means of incoming text messages undergo system authentication and a syntax check 3 4 Use cases In order to establish the functionality of the GSM RCS under normal use a series of use cases are described The purpose of these use cases is to identify and specify concrete performance spec ification demands The use cases describe the normal use of the system and double as a source of inspiration for the implemented software This duality is possible because the structure of the 3 System Analysis 15 af 166 3 4 Use cases use cases is close to that of the
57. x gt x gt K 2K gt gt K gt K K gt F gt k gt K gt K ok ooo o K FK 2K EE oe FK FK K FK K FK K 2K ECKE 2K KK ORO R R THIRD MOVE B 90 900001 BSR WAIT2 RTS CCAR CRICK a RK KK KK KK KK END FOURTH LINE FIRST CHARACTER JUMP FOURTH MOVE B 00 900001 BSR WAIT2 RTS SUBROUTINES USED IN THE MENU FUNCTIONS gt K gt K gt K gt x gt K gt K gt x o gt F gt k gt K gt K o 2K FK 2K 2K K FK SK FK K KK KK FK FK SE FK FK OK E R FK 2K IK OR R R CONTROL STATE ON OFF gt K gt K gt K gt x gt K gt K gt x gt K ECKE SK FK FK oe KK K FK SEE FK FK 2K K FK 2K KK 2K R R ONOFF BTST L 0 D4 COMPARE THE FIRST BIT IN D4 TO 0 BNE CON IF EQUAL TO 1 JUMP TO CON LEA STATE_OFF A6 A6 POINTS TO OFF RTS CON LEA STATE_ON A6 A6 POINTS TO ON RTS GSM STATE ON OFF gt K gt K gt K gt x gt K gt K gt x K gt F gt k gt K gt K oo E oko K FK 2K FK FK KFK FK 2K K FK K ER KK 2K K FK EIER R R R GSM ONOFF BTST L 1 D4 BNE GSMON IF EQUAL TO 1 JUMP TO ON LEA OFFLINE A6 A6 POINTS TO OFF RTS GSMON LEA ONLINE A6 A6 POINTS TO ON RTS
58. 0 DB7 Timing signal R W gt pi Serial dat erial data Rs d Segment signal Segment E 1 driver Common signal LCD Vpp gt V Segment Segment 3d driver gt driver Figure 4 11 Circuit block diagram for the display Communication This section describes the typical write cycle for the LCD In this example the 8 bit data bus is used to communicate with the M68k The objective of the write cycle is to display a menu type text Note that this menu is only an example and has no real functionality When communicating with the LCD there are a number of different options that enable the programmer to control the display of the characters and the state of the display These options are described in table 4 12 4 Hardware Design 53 af 166 4 7 Liquid Crystal Display Code A Execution Instruction Function RS RAN DB7 DBe DBs DB4 DB3 DB2 DB1 DBo time Clears all display and returns cursor to home position address 0 1 Display Clear BBB Returns cursor to home position shifted 2 Cursor Home display returns to home position DD RAM contents do not change Sets direction of cursor movement and 3 Entry Mode Set rh 4 Display ON OFF o Control 5 Cursor Display 1 S C R L Shift 6 Function Set 0 0 0 O 1 DL Sets DD RAM address to start 8 DD RAMAddress 0 0 1 App tran
59. 0 TIMEOUT COUNTER INCREMENTED CMP L TIME_OUT DO TIME OUT IF DO 30 BEQ TIMEOUT3 BRA L3 ACTIVE_3 CMP L 71 D5 BNE LOOP3_2 MOVE L 12 D3 1 TEMPERATURE MENU ADMINISTRATOR BRA END3 LOOP3_2 CMP L 2 D5 BNE LOOP3 3 MOVE L 9 D3 2 CONTROL MENUS ADMINISTRATOR BRA END3 LOOP3_3 CMP L 3 D5 BNE RUNAGINS MOVE L 10 D3 3 ALARM MENU ADMINISTRATOR BRA END3 TIMEOUT3 MOVE L 20 D3 BCLR 2 D4 SETS THE THIRD BIT IN D4 LOW END3 RTS 9 JUMP MENU CONTROL MENU ADMIN FINISHED P CONTROL A MOVE B C 900001 DISPLAY ON AND CURSOR OFF BSR WAIT MENU SETUP BSR RESET_LCD titer KK KK KK LEA CONTROL A6 CONTROL BSR PRINT LINE Turn ON 1 BSR SECOND Turn OFF 2 LEA TURN ON A6 3x BSR PRINT LINE BSR THIRD LEA TURN_OFF A6 BSR PRINT_LINE BSR FOURTH LEA BACK 3 A6 BSR PRINT_LINE 5 MOVE L 0 D0 THE COUNTER IS RESET L5 BSR KEYPAD C THE KEYPAD ENTRY FUNCTION IS RAN CMP L X D5 BNE ACTIVE_5 ADD L 1 D0 TIMEOUT COUNTER INCREMENTED CMP L TIME_OUT DO TIME OUT IF DO 30 BEQ TIMEOUT5 BRA L5 ACTIVE_5 CMP L 4 1 D5 1 TURN ON BNE LOOP5 2 BSET 0 D4 SETS THE FIRST BIT IN D4 HIGH I E THE SYSTEM IS IN CONTROL MODE BRA END5 I LCD software 145 af 166 I
60. 0001 BSR WAIT MOVE B 38 900001 FUNCTION SET BSR WAIT MOVE B 6 900001 ENTRY MODE SET BSR WAIT 156af 166 I LCD software I 2 Subroutines MOVE B BSR MOVE B BSR F 900001 WAIT 1 900001 WAIT DEFINE DEFAULT SETTINGS gt gt F gt K gt K FK 2K FK FK ok o FK FK 2K FK FK FK FK FK o Eoo Eo E K FK 2K KK OR MOVE B MOVE B MOVE W MOVE W MOVE B mm 6 mm 2 6 mmm MOVE W ADDI B MOVE B MOVE B MOVE B MOVE B RTS 0 35 TEMP 3030 MIN TEMP 93335 TEMP 0 0 ACTIVE 1 0 ACTIVE 31 0 ADMIN NR 70 ADMIN NR1 310 USER NR 10 ENTRY 16 ENTRY 2B323030 D7 2 D3 3231 TEMPX 2B303030 D7 0 D4 1 D4 21 TEMPX_D 0 TEMP 35 MAX_TEMP 30 TEMP_C_D 0 ALARM_COUNT1 0 D00001 FE CLKCOUNTER 7E GSMCOUNTER 310 TEMPCOUNTER 0 ALARMCOUNTER DISPLAY ON AND CURSOR ON BLINKING DISPLAY CLEAR THE DEFAULT MIN ALARM TEMP IN DECIMAL THE DEFAULT MAX ALARM TEMP IN DECIMAL THE DEFAULT MIN ALARM TEMP IN ASCI THE DEFAULT MIN ALARM TEMP IN ASCI THE DEFAULT STARTUP MENU NUMBER THE DEFAULT SET TEMPERATURE 21 CIRC C THE DEFAULT SET TEMPERATURE IN DECIMAL 21 THE ALARM COUNTER IS SET TO 0 THE FIRST MESSAGE WILL BE SENT AS SO Sluk kontrolenhed DISPLAY CLEAR
61. 03 BNE MENU_15 BSR P_USERREG1 THE USER ENTER PHONE NUMBER MENU OMITTED WHEN A PROFILE IS ACTIVE BRA ENDMENU MENU 15 15 03 BNE MENU_16 BSR P_USERREG_2 THE USER INTER DAYS ACTIVE MENU OMITTED WHEN A PROFILE IS ACTIVE BRA ENDMENU MENU 16 16 03 BNE MENU_17 BSR P_USERMAIN THE USER MAIN MENU BRA ENDMENU MENU_17 17 D3 BNE MENU_18 BSR P_CONTROL_U THE USER CONTROL MENU BRA ENDMENU MENU_18 18 03 BNE MENU_19 BSR P_TEMP_U THE USER TEMPERATURE MENU BRA ENDMENU MENU_19 19 03 BNE MENU_20 BSR P_SETTEMP_U THE USER ENTER SET TEMPERATURE MENU BRA ENDMENU 138 af 166 I LCD software I 1 Main Functions MENU 20 CMP L 20 D3 BNE ENDMENU BSR P_STATUS BRA ENDMENU ENDMENU RTS THE MENUS USED IN THE MAINMENU PROGRAM 1 ADMINISTRATOR REGISTRATION FINISHED KK kkk kkk P INIITIALIZE MOVE B C 900001 BSR WAIT BSR RESET_LCD LEA GSM_RCS A6 BSR PRINT_LINE BSR SECOND LEA ES BSR PRINT_LINE BSR THIRD LEA AAU2008 A6 BSR PRINT_LINE MOVE L 5 D3 RTS THE STATUS MENU TERMINATE THE RUTINE AND RETURN TO NORMAL THE MENU DISPLAYED DURING RESET SETUP DISPLAY ON AND CURSOR OFF 2 ADMINISTRATOR REGISTRATION PHONE NUMBER DISPLAY ON AND CURSOR ON MENU SETUP Administrator Enter Phone number 45 0 POINTS TO THE ADMIN PHONE NUMBER SPACE THE KEYPAD ENTRY FUNCTION IS RAN END IF THE USER PRESSES AND 8 ENTRY HAS BEEN MADE PLACE THE ENTR
62. 040 E zbz gor OOOO MAX232 QI ut JL d 598588588500 oz oz of of NN Sx oO Cr r a i4 cu Control bus 2 6 24 23 4 8 1 2 6 24 23 41 8 U2 0822 5 wi 5999 2g 6850 I LPSan XX 5999 E 6850 RXDATA TXDATA RXDATA TXDATA 1 A1 Address bus MDD Data bus Figure 4 8 Circuit of the RS 232 connections 4 5 4 Conclusion The and the 232 circuits are used to construct the RS 232 connection blocks By moving all logic to the PEEL circuits the RS 232 connections are relatively simple blocks to design and construct 48 af 166 4 Hardware Design 4 6 Temperature Sensor and ADC 4 6 Temperature Sensor and ADC The main functionality of the system lies in its ability to measure the temperature in the location where the product is located In this project this functionality is enabled by using a temperature sensor The used sensor is a LM335 12 precision temperature sensor which is basically a zener diode The diode has a breakdown voltage which is directly proportional to the temperature The LM335 12 is an analogue device and the minimal system is purely digital In order for the two terminologies to interact the analog signal from the sensor must b
63. 1 Usecase 1 Set temperature Case objective The administrator or user wishes to change the current set temperature to a specified temperature In the same action the control of the temperature is commenced After the case has been executed the system acts as a thermostat that maintains the set temperature Participants Administrator or user Temperature sensor Mock system System Administrator Local interface Temperature sensor Remote interface common Jj Mocksystem Figure 3 4 Illustration of the participants and functions related to Usecase 1 Normal system sequence 10 Administrator or user sets selected temperature Used mobile number is compared to authentication list Text message syntax is compared to system syntax Set temperature is compared to legal temperature range Set temperature is compared to alarm temperature Confirmation is sent to administrator or user Temperature sensor measures current temperature of the surroundings Current temperature is compared to selected temperature Control unit is activated if current temperature is lower than selected temperature Action 7 9 is repeated in a predefined interval until the administrator or user turns control off 3 System Analysis 17 af 166 3 4 Use cases Case exceptions An explanation of the different exceptions can be seen in section 3 4 6 on page 22
64. 19 LNVH 1 ADC0820 9098933 9098953 viov viov Figure 4 21 Placement Diagram seen from above The thick black lines is the ground line black pins mark the ground pins on each chip The thick red line is the 5 V supply line red pins mark Vcc pins on the chips 4 12 2 Ground and supply lines As seen in figure 4 21 there is a main ground wire and a main supply wire which branches into several lines between the chip sockets The sockets have been placed so that each sockets ground and supply pin is as close as possible to their respective line Both the ground and supply line has one connection each to an external power supply which delivers the ground signal and the 5 V signal The ground and supply lines are both mounted on the top side of the circuit board The lines are soldered on top of several wrapping pins that are strategically placed to complement as short wiring as possible This placement serves another purpose as each chip may strain both the ground and the supply line when active Connecting too many chips to the same point on the ground or supply line may disrupt the functions of all the chips connected to this point By having several outtakes along the ground and supply lines and distributing the chips connected to them evenly the strain each chip applies should have a minimal effect on the overall functionality of the circuitry 4 12 3 Noise prevention The circuitry is vulner
65. 4 MOVE B BSR MOVE B ADD B MOVE B MOVE L CMP W BGT ADD W 314 ALARMCOUNTER ADD 1 TO CURRENT ALARM COUNT 60 ALARMCOUNTER ALARM UP 6 IF COUNTER IS 60 96 GO TO ALARM UP 6 ELSE RETURN TO MAIN LOOP 0 D0 CLEAR REGISTERS 0 D1 0 D2 0 ALARMCOUNTER MIN_TEMP_A D1 LOAD MINIMUM ALARM TEMPERATURE MAX_TEMP_A D2 LOAD MAXIMUM ALARM TEMPERATURE 8 D7 ROLL TO THE INTEGER VALUE OF THE TEMPERATURE D7 D0 LOAD IT INTO DO 8 D7 ROLL D7 BACK DO D1 CHECK IF MIN TEMPERATURE IS REACHED ALARM_UP_1 IF NOT SET OFF ALARM D0 D2 CHECK IF MAX TEMPERATURE IS REACHED ALARM_UP_1 IF SO SET OFF ALARM 0 ALARM_COUNT1 ELSE RESET ALARM COUNTER 1 TO 0 AND RETURN TO MAIN LOOP 0 ALARM_COUNT1 IS THIS THE FIRST ALARM ALARM_UP_2 IF NOT GO TO ALARM UPDATE 2 D6 ALARM COUNT2 ELSE MOVE THE CURRENT MINUTE COUNT INTO ALARM COUNTER 2 ALARM_COUNT2 D6 COMPARE MINUTES IN ALARM COUNTER 2 TO THE CURRENT TIME ALARM_UP_3 IN MINUTES IF THEY MATCH GO TO ALARM UPDATE 3 4 ALARM_COUNT1 CHECK IF 4 ALARMS HAS BEEN SENT YET ALARM_UP_4 IF NOT GO SEND ANOTHER ONE ELSE RETURN TO MAIN LOOP 14 SEND MSG LOAD ALARM MESSAGE SEND_SMS_A SEND IT ALARM COUNT DO 1 D0 DO ALARM_COUNT1 UPDATE ALARMS COUNTED TO PREV VALUE 1 ALARM_COUNT2 D0 LOAD ALARM COUNTER 2 INTO DO 3330 DO SEE IF ITS 30 MINUTES OR MORE PAST ANY HOUR ALARM_UP_5 IF IT IS GO TO ALARM UPDATE 5 300 DO ELSE ADD 30 MINUTES ASCII TO THE COUNTER 163 of 166 MOVE L RT
66. 45 LOCATION COMMAND FOURTH LINE 4 A1 POINTS TO THE ADMIN PHONE NUMBER SPACE COUNTER RESET COUNTER RESET THE KEYPAD ENTRY FUNCTION IS RAN TIME OUT IF DO 30 PLACE THE ENTRY ON THE DISPLAY SAVE THE INPUT A1 POINTS TO THE BEGINNING OF THE ADMIN PHONE NUMBER A2 POINTS TO THE BEGINNING OF THE REAL ADMIN PHONE NUMBER DISPLAY ON AND CURSOR OFF IF THE PHONE NUMBER IS CORRECT GO TO ADMINISTRATOR MAIN MENU DISPLAY ON AND CURSOR OFF SETS THE THIRD BIT IN D4 LOW RETURN TO USER MODE MENU PLACE ERROR MESSAGE BEFORE RETURN x8 JUMP MENU ADMIN MENU FINISHED R Pok sk ok ok Pok ACI ICICI Kok P ADMINMAIN C 900001 DISPLAY ON AND CURSOR OFF BSR WAIT MENU SETUP BSR RESET LCD LEA ADMIN A6 xAdministrator BSR PRINT LINE 1 BSR SECOND Control 2 144 166 I LCD software I 1 Main Functions LEA TEMP LONG A6 Alarm 3x BSR PRINT LINE BSR THIRD LEA CONTROL2 A6 BSR PRINT_LINE BSR FOURTH LEA ALARM A6 BSR PRINT_LINE RUNAGIN3 MOVE L 0 D0 THE COUNTER IS RESET L3 BSR KEYPAD_C THE KEYPAD ENTRY FUNCTION IS RAN X D5 BNE ACTIVE_3 ADD L 1 D
67. 6 1 2 LCD test The test seeks to determine whether all 64 characters of the LCD is working properly Test results The test was executed and all characters work as intended 6 1 3 3 6 1 3 Keypad test The test seeks to determine whether all the buttons on the keypad is working properly Test results The test was executed and all buttons work as expected It is noted that the is not working since the subroutine used to identify pressed buttons does not check for it This is not a problem since the is not used in the software 6 1 4 3 6 1 4 Control unit test The test seeks to determine whether the mock system is working properly Test results The test was executed and the mock system works as intended It can be turned on and off from the software 6 2 Communication test results The test journals for the communication tests can be found in appendices C on page 111 6 Accept tests 97 af 166 6 3 System test results 6 2 1 3 6 2 1 GSM test The test seeks to determine whether the communication between the system and the GSM module is working Test results The test was executed and the communication with the GSM module works as intended It is noted that the system did not reply as expected when the first time the alarm was tested The problem that was identified to be a minor error in the system syntax corrected 6 2 2 3 6 2 2 Local interface test The test seeks to determine whether th
68. 66 3 System Analysis 3 5 Performance specifications Syntax error When using the remote interface i e the GSM module the received text message after authen tication is checked according to system syntax This is done in order to ensure that the system can understand the command 1 Error is sent to same number as received text message Network failure The remote interface is depending on the GSM network in order to send and receive text mes sages This exception is implemented in order to ensure that the administrator or user can always communicate with the system and vice versa 1 GSM module can not connect to GSM network 2 System retries to connect to GSM network 3 Action 1 2 is repeated in a predefined interval 3 5 Performance specifications In this section the performance specifications for the system are described The specifications cover both the functionality driven demands that are derived directly from the desired product features and the technology driven demands that are dictated by the implemented technology The section also contains a description of the performance specification acceptance tests The objective of the tests are to evaluate to which degree the product fulfills the performance specifi cations 3 5 1 Functionality driven demands The functionality driven demands are based on the functionality of the system The demands are derived from the specific tasks that the system is desig
69. 68 9 3 StOrage stEUCt re sucesos Br seq Ede 70 S Monitor Ww TS Bh ar Re TRY Ag Pa 73 5 9 JProgranrdesign apuro RO ID EX PM RM ux NUR 73 OA 70 5 7 1 2 84 58 2 88 297 Alarm Updates 5 24 434 bens dae Sabes 90 910 Terminate User 222222222 eue URBE Fes 91 5 11 Control Update 92 5 12 Implementation s ul ace ay foe mos qoem ee e Reg od W 93 6 Accept tests 95 6 1 I O device test results 2 0 ee 95 6 2 Communication test 8 97 6 3 Systemi test res lts 22222528 em eh ay b es 98 GAN SUMMA oie ade a qu a Ao qe qe et qos 100 7 Conclusion 101 8 Future plans 103 Bibliography 105 A List of abbreviations and terms 106 B Testjournal I O devices 108 eg IR Seg Po Robe gb gez ees 108 B 2 Equipment Ls ur meos I ea ad uy t ta del 108 RSEN toques ue eger dee e 108 109 C Testjournal Communication 111 8 af 166 CONTENTS CONTENTS K L CI Preface oed bs obe Xue Rue a C2 Equipment 222222542502 6 53 Setup
70. AS CORECT IF NOT JUMPS RESET STATUS BIT LOAD COMAND ADDRESS SUBRUTINE CALL TO SEND COMVAND WAITING FOR THE RESPONS TO BE IN THE BUFFER SUBRUTINE TO RECONISE RESPONSE RESET BUFFER CONTROL IF TIME VALID JUMP IF CALL WRONG TIME MENU TO LCD CONTROL IF THE ANSWER WAS CORECT IF NOT JUMPS RESET STATUS BIT RETURN TO PREVIOUS FUNCTION gt K gt KK gt K K gt x gt K gt x K gt K FK gt K ok FK FK FK FK 2 FK ok FK FK oko Eo EK FK ER FK K R EE 2K KK R OR OR CMP_ANS CMP_ANSO CMP_ANS1 CMP_ANS2 END_NK END_V gt K KK gt K NOP LEA MOVE L MOVE L CMP B BEQ CMP L BEQ MOVE B CMP B BNE BRA CMP L BEQ MOVE L BRA NOP BSET L BSR RTS NOP MOVE L JSR BSR RTS ELMO A1 A1 A2 A4 A3 0 A2 END_V A5 A3 END NK DO 2 DO ANS2 ANS1 0 8 1 8 A1 A1 CMP_ANSO 28 D4 MOVE_BUF 4 A1 A6 6 MOVE_BUF RECONISING ANSWERS SET POINTER TO 1 ELEMENT SET POINTER TO DATA STRING MAKING COPY OF BUFFER START POINTER CMP IF STRING ARE ET THE END IF VALID JUMPS CMP IF RETCHED END OF BUFFER JUMPS IF VALID MOVE RECIVED VALU TO REGISTER CMP REGISTER TO DATA STRING JUMP IF JUMP BACK AND START OVER WITH NEW CHAR LOOK IF LAST ELEMENT JUMP IF LOAD NEXT ELEMENT START OVER NOT KNOWN COMMAND SET TEST BIT RESE
71. AYS_ACTIVE DAYS_ACTIVE_C TEMPX TEMPX_D ENTRY DAYS COUNT TEMP C D TEMP AV D 5 OFFLINE 136 of 166 DS DS DS DS DS DS DS DS DS DC DS DC DS DC DS DC DC DC DS DC DC DS DS DS DC DS DS DS DS DS DC B B B B w B B w B w B B B B B B B B B B B B w B B B B B w L 1 Elo Sa ES 45 445 0 T Offline 0 THE COUNTER USED WHEN SENDING ALARM TO ADMINISTRATOR THE MESSAGE COUNTER USED WHEN SENDING ALARM TO ADMINISTRATOR THE SET MIN TEMPERATURE OLD THE SET MAX TEMPERATURE OLD THE SET TEMPERATURE OLD THE SET MIN TEMPERATURE ALARM THE SET MAX TEMPERATURE ALARM THE SET MIN TEMPERATURE ALARM THE SET MAX TEMPERATURE ALARM THE ADMIN PHONE NUMBER USED AS ACESS CODE THE ADMIN PHONE NUMBER NOTE THAT THIS IS THE REAL NUMBER THE USER PHONE NUMBER USER DAYS ACTIVE USER DAYS ACTIVE NOTE NOT ACSII THE SET TEMPERATURE IN ACCII THE SET TEMPERATURE IN DECIMAL THE ENTRY FOR THE KEYPAD I 1 Main Functions ONLINE DC WRONG TIME DC WRONG PIN DC RESETUSERO DC Online O Wrong time date 0 Wrong PIN code 0 Reset user 0 CONFIRM DC Confirm 1 0 CTEMP DC C Temp 0 CONTROL DC Control 0 TIME DC Time 0 GSM DC GSM 0 TIME2 DC Time Date 0 TIME3 DC APER 7 0 USER_MODE DC User mode 0 NEW USER1 D
72. All four bytes are used for each digit in hours and minutes Temperature The register holds the temperature in ASCII characters Example 18 5 C is stored as 185 with omitted 5 3 2 Program space definition In order to avoid that the process codes overlap data and vice versa the program space is divided between the two types of data e g data and actual program code In table 5 2 the division of the program space is illustrated It is noted that the subroutines are placed in the same memory area This is done as an attempt to bypass the problems that can occur when branching between processes address wise located far from each other Address Module 0x41000 0x44FFF Program code and subroutines 0x45000 0x45FFF Data for LCD and GSM 0x46000 0x46FFF Variables 0x47000 0x4712C GSM buffer OxXXXXX OxBFFFF The stack Table 5 2 An illustration of the partition of the memory space in relation to the most significant datatypes and the actual program code String storage Arrays The system must store a number of text strings that are used in relation to the menu subroutine MENU MAIN and the GSM routines All the text strings are saved in arrays to make them usable all arrays ends with 0x00 5 Software Design 71 af 166 5 3 Storage structure Data structure Linked lists In the software for the GSM module there is need for a high amount of data compeered to the other parts of the system The main rea
73. BLT BRA MOVE L BSR RTS BSR MOVE L RTS MOVE B BSR LEA LEA BRA INVAL33 END33 PRINT1 900001 WAIT MAX_TEMP AO MIN TEMP A1 TEMPX D A1 D2 A0 DO 01 D0 D1 INVAL33 D1 D2 INVAL33 D0 D2 INVAL33 80 D0 INVAL33 0 D2 INVAL33 END33 11 D3 WAIT_OUT WAIT_OUT 8 D3 2D 900003 WAITBF MAX_TEMP AO TEMP 1 RUNAGIN33 DISPLAY ON AND CURSOR OFF D2 IS 4 AT THIS TIME SHOULD OVERWRITE CORRECTLY LIKE THIS IF VALID RANGE CONTINUE ELSE FORCE USER REDO IT MAX TEMPERATURE lt lt MIN TEMPERATURE PRINT DISPLAY AFTER FIRST ENTRY 12 JUMP MENU SET TEMPERATURE ADMIN ALMOST FINISHED MOVE B C 900001 DISPLAY ON AND CURSOR OFF BSR WAIT MENU SETUP BSR RESET_LCD LEA TEMP_NULL A6 Temperature BSR PRINT_LINE BSR SECOND Set 1 LEA CURRENT A6 2 BSR PRINT_LINE BSR THIRD LEA SET ALARM A6 BSR PRINT LINE BSR FOURTH LEA BACK 2 A6 BSR PRINT LINE UPDATE THE VARIABLES MOVE B CC 900001 LOCATION COMMAND BSR WAIT LEA TEMPX A6 MOVE B 900003 PRINT THE FIRST DIGIT OF THE SET TEMPERATURE ON THE DISPLAY B
74. BSR CMP_ANS SUBRUTINE TO RECONISE RESPONSE BSR MOVE_BUF RESET BUFFER BTST L 30 D4 CONTROLE IF WRONG PIN BEQ INIT_GSM_06 JUMP IF RIGHT PIN BSR P_ADMINREG4 CALL WRONG PIN MENU TO LCD INIT GSM 06 BCLR L 30 D4 RESET STATUS BIT BTST L 29 D4 CONTROLES IF SIM NEED PUK BEQ INIT_GSM_07 JUMP IF NOT BSR ENTER PUK FUNCTION TO ENTER PUK NOT INCLUDED INIT GSM 07 BCLR L 29 D4 RESET STATUS BIT BTST L 31 D4 CONTROL IF THE ANSWER WAS CORECT BEQ INIT_GSM_02 IF NOT JUMPS BCLR 31 D4 RESET STATUS BIT INIT GSM 03 LEA CMGF AO LOAD COMAND ADDRESS BSR SEND_ST_GSM SUBRUTINE CALL TO SEND COMMAND BSR WAIT2LF WAITING FOR THE RESPONS TO BE IN THE BUFFER 122 of 166 H 1 Main Functions INIT GSM 04 INIT_GSM_05 INIT_GSM_08 BSR BSR BTST L BEQ BCLR LEA BSR BSR BSR BSR BTST L BEQ BCLR LEA BSR BSR BSR BSR BTST L BEQ BSR BCLR L BTST L BEQ BCLR RTS ANS MOVE BUF 31 D4 INIT_GSM_03 31 D4 CNMI AO SEND_ST_GSM WAIT2LF CMP_ANS MOVE_BUF 31 D4 INIT_GSM_04 31 D4 CCLK AO SEND_ST_GSM WAIT2LF CMP_ANS MOVE_BUF 29 D4 INIT_GSM_08 P_ADMINREG5 29 D4 31 D4 INIT_GSM_05 31 D4 SUBRUTINE TO RECONISE RESPONSE RESET BUFFER CONTROL IF THE ANSWER WAS CORECT IF NOT JUMPS RESET STATUS BIT LOAD COMAND ADDRESS SUBRUTINE CALL TO SEND COMVAND WAITING FOR THE RESPONS TO BE IN THE BUFFER SUBRUTINE TO RECONISE RESPONSE RESET BUFFER CONTROL IF THE ANSWER W
75. C Ser testi 1 0 NEW USER DC User 0 RESET_USER DC Reset user ouuu 2 0 ADMIN DC Administrator 0 ADMIN3 DC Administrator _ 3 0 ENTER DC Enter 0 PHONE_NR1 DC number 0 PHONE_NR2 DC 45 0 DAYSACTIVE DC SET_TEMPM DC Days active 0 Temperature 0 CONTROL2 DC Control 27 0 ALARM DC Alarm 3 0 BACK 1 DC BACK 1 0 BACK 2 DC BACK 1 2 0 BACK 3 DC BACK 1 3 0 CURRENT DC Current 0 TEMP_LONG DC Temperature 1 0 TEMP NULL DC TEMP RANGE DC Temperature 0 167 7 7 0 USER_TOP DC User 0 TURN_ON DC Turn 17 0 TURN_OFF DC Turn OFF 27 0 ALARMM DC Alarm 0 SET_ALARM DC SO ti si rnin 1 0 ALARM TEMP DC Alarm temp 0 PIN REG DC code 0 GSM_RCS DC rere GSM RCS 0 ES DEP DC ES Department 0 AAU2008 DC AAU 2008 0 STATE ON DC 0 STATE OFF DC OFF 0 gt K 262 gt lt gt x gt gt K gt x 2 2K FK FK FK ok oo oko FK FK o KK K FK K FK R R 2K 2K K KK OK FK 2K FK FK oko oo oko K FK 2K RE K FK K 2K R FK 2K EE S KOK MENU FUNCTIONS YK oR ok ok ok ok CCC Eoee
76. C 2 WE W 16 2 31 A15 3 NC A14 3 30 A17 4 A14 A12 4 29 WE 5 A13 AT 5 28 A13 6 A8 AG 27 A8 7 AQ 32 DIP z as 8 A11 T 32 SOP ER 9 OE G 32 TSOP2 LE OE A10 Forward A2 10 23 A10 CE E 222 A1 11 22 CS DQ7 __ 21 1 08 0 12 DQ5 1 01 13 20 __ 1 07 DQ4 vo2 19 06 DQ3 1 03 15 18 1 05 VSS 16 17 104 AMD 29F010 ROM Samsung K6T4008C1C RAM Figure 4 4 Pin connections for the memory banks the address bus than the ROM The extra pins are required to address the 4 times larger memory in each block The address bus is labeled AO A16 for the ROM and A0 A18 for the RAM see figure 4 4 Both RAM and ROM have 8 bit data buses On the ROM the data bus is denoted DQ0 DQ7 and on the RAM I O1 I O8 These buses are connected respectively to the address bus and the data bus on the processor However since the processor has a 16 bit data bus the memory banks have to be arranged in parallel to gain a 16 bit bandwidth on the data bus This is obtained by connecting one bank to the lowest 8 pins on the processors data bus 00 07 and the other bank to the rest D8 D15 This setup is used for both RAM and ROM and therefore the minimal system consists of two of each Both RAM and ROM have some control pins to control the flow of data onto or from the memory These control pins consist of a CS chip select input OF Output enable and WE Write enable The program upon completion is to be burn
77. D_MSG4 MOVE L A3 A4 MOVE BUFFER POINTER TO SMS START BRA FIND MSG3 JUMP FIND MSG5 MOVE 8 SEND_MSG SELECT SYNTAX ERROR SMS BSR SEND_SMS SEND SMS MOVE L 7 4 RESTORE BUFFER POINTER RTS RETURN KK KK OR ACTIONO NOP SET OK BIT CMP_ANS TRIGGERD BSET L 31 D4 SET BIT IN REGISTER RTS RETURN EEE EKK KK EE EEE sk ACTION3 NOP SET WRONG PIN BIT CMP_ANS TRIGGERD BSET L 30 D4 SET BIT IN REGISTER RTS RETURN H GSM software 127 af 166 H 2 Subroutines gt K gt K gt K gt x gt x gt K 2 gt K gt K gt x K gt K gt K ook ook o FK FK 2K o Eo 2K FK o FK FK FK o KK K GE OK 2K KK KR R 2K 2K OR ACTION4 NOP SET WRONG INDEX BIT CMP_ANS TRIGGERD BSET L 29 D4 SET BIT IN REGISTER RTS RETURN ok EEE EE EEEE EEEE EEE EEE EEE EEEE EEEE EE E KK KK KOR ACTION5 NOP SET SIM BUSY BIT CMP_ANS TRIGGERD BSET L 26 D4 SET BIT IN REGISTER RTS RETURN RK KK KK ACTION7 NOP SMS SENT CMP_ANS TRIGGERD MESSAGES SENT NOT USED IN THE VERSION RTS RETURN EEEE EEEE EEEE EEEE EEEE E EE E OK ACTION8 NOP GSM NETWORK STATUS CMP_ANS TRIGGERD L 0 D0 RESET REGISTER MOWE L 0 D1 RESET REGISTER ACTION8_01 CMP B 30 A3 CMP TO FIND ASCII NUMBERS BLT ACTION8_07 JUM IF NOT CMP B 39 A3 BGT 8 07 ADD B 1 D0 COUNT AMOUNT OF NUMBERS FOUND ROL L 8 D1 ROTATE REGISTER MOVE B A3 D1 SAVE NUMBER IN
78. E EE EEE EEEE EEE EEE EEK KK SK KK SKK KK KK sk CMP NR NOP FIND USER OR ADMIN LEA TEMP NR AO SET POINTER TO TEMPERY NUMBER LEA ADMIN NR2 A1 SET POINTER TO ADMIN NR CN1 CMP B 0 A0 COM IF END OF NR BEQ GO_ADMIN IF TRUE JUMP MOVE B 0 DO MOVE CHAR TO REGISER CMP B 1 D0 TEMP AND ADMIN BNE LOOK_USER IF NOT SIMULAR JUMP BRA CN1 JUMP LOOK_USER LEA TEMP_NR AO SET POINTER TO TEMP NR LEA USER_NR2 A1 SET POINTER TO USER NR CN2 CMP B 0 A0 CMP IF END OF NR BEQ GO_USER JUMP IF TRUE MOVE B 0 DO MOVE CHAR TO REGISTER CMP B A1 D0 CMP TEMP AND USER BNE GO_NOUSER IF NOT SIMULAR JUMP BRA CN2 JUMP GO_ADMIN BSET L 23 D4 SET BIT FOR ADMIN RTS RETURN GO USER BSET L 22 D4 SET BIT FOR USER RTS RETURN GO_NOUSER BSET L 21 D4 SET BIT FOR UNKNOWN SENDER RTS RETURN EEEE EEEE EEE EEE EEEE EEE EEEE FIND_MSG MOVE L A4 A7 SAVES THE BUFFER START POINTER ON STACK MOVE L 0 00 RESET REGISTER MOVE L 0 D1 RESET REGISTER MOVE L A4 A3 COPY BUFFER POINTER FIND_MSG1 CMP L A3 A5 CMP IF END OF BUFFER BEQ FIND_MSG3 JUMP IF MOVE DO MOVE CHAR TO REGISTER CMP B 0A DO LOOK FOR LINE FEED BNE FIND_MSG1 JUMP IF NOT 1 D1 CMP AMOUNT OF LF BEQ FIND_MSG4 IF RIGHT JUMP ADD L 1 D1 COUNT LF BRA FIND_MSG1 JUMP FIND_MSG3 BSR CMP_ANS RUN SUBROUTINE TO RECONISE SMS BTST L 28 D4 CONTROLES IF SMS KNOWN BNE FIND MSG5 JUMP IF NOT MOVE L 7 4 RESTORE BUFFER POINTER RTS RETURN FIN
79. EQ MOVE B BSR MOVE B ADD L CMP L BEQ ADD B CMP L BEQ BRA ACTIVE18 F 900001 WAIT RESET_LCD SET_TEMPM A6 PRINT_LINE SECOND ENTER A6 PRINT_LINE THIRD TEMP_LONG A6 PRINT_LINE FOURTH 0 D2 DISPLAY ON AND CURSOR ON gt K gt KK KK K gt K K K 9k K 9k 2K R K KK K Set temp xEnter Temperature gt K gt K gt gt K gt K 3k 2K K K 2K K K 2K KK K COUNTER RESET TEMPX_D TEMP_OLD THE OLD SET TEMPERATURE VAULE IS SAVED TEMPX TEMP_OLD_A TEMPX AO 0 D0 KEYPAD X D5 ACTIVE18 1 D0 TIME_OUT DO TIMEOUT18 RUN18 A D5 RUNAGIN18 D5 900003 WAITBF 05 A0 1 D2 1 D2 MUL18 D1 TEMPX D 2 D2 END18 RUNAGIN18 POINT TO THE SET TEMPERATURE SPACE COUNTER RESET TIME OUT IF DO 30 PLACE THE ENTRY ON THE DISPLAY SAVE THE INPUT NOTE NOT AS ACSII I LCD software 149 af 166 I 1 Main Functions TIMEOUT18 END18 VAL40 VALMIN VALMAX ERROR VALID_ENTRY MUL18 MOVE B BSR MOVE W MOVE L BCLR RTS MOVE B BSR MOVE W BLE BRA BHI BRA BHI BRA BLT BRA MOVE B MOVE W MOVE L RTS BSR MOVE L RTS MULU MOVE B BRA C 900001 DISPLAY ON AND CURSOR OFF WAIT TEMP_OLD TEMPX_D THE SET TEMPERATURE RETURNS TO THE OLD VAULE 20 D3 2 D4 SETS THE THIRD BIT IN D4 LOW C 900001 DISPLAY ON AND CURSOR OFF WAIT TEMPX D2 D2 IS 2 BEFORE THE MOVE STOP 1 3430
80. GSM Remote Control System Micro computer system Project group 415 E4 project 2008 IES UNIVERSITET AALBORG UNIVERSITET Department of Electronic Systems Fredrik Bajers Vej 7B 9220 Aalborg Denmark Phone 45 96 35 98 36 Fax 45 98 15 36 62 http es aau dk Title GSM Remote Control System Subject Micro computer Systems Project period 4 2 29 5 2008 Group E4415 Group members Simon Konge Kristian Kiib Gregersen Lars Jespersen Rasmus Nielsen Henrik Christoffersen Technical adviser Persefoni Kyritsi Editions 7 ed Pages 166 Synopsis This report deals with the development and design of a remote control system that utilize GSM technology The system is designed to manage the control and mon itoring of a small heating system The design of the system allows implementation of further applications but the detail of these will remain unspecified The system is designed around the Motorola 68000 mi croprocessor that make up the hart of the system The system features both local and remote user interface The local interface consists of a numeric keypad and a LCD The remote interface consists of a GSM module that allow the administrator user to communicate with the system using text messages The system is operational and functional in accordance with the performance specifications The system soft ware is implemented by proxy using the TS2 Monitor debugging device that allo
81. IMEOUT1 MOVE L 20 D3 BCLR 2 D4 END1 RTS TIMEOUT COUNTER INCREMENTED TIME OUT IF DO 30 1 USER ENTER PHONE NUMBER 2 RESET USER MENU 3 ADMINISTRATOR AUTHENTICATION SETS THE THIRD BIT IN D4 LOW END 6 JUMP MENU RESET USER FINISHED KK KK SKK KK k P RESET U MOVE B 31 C 900001 BSR WAIT BSR RESET LCD LEA RESETUSERO BSR PRINT LINE BSR SECOND LEA CONFIRM A6 BSR PRINT LINE BSR THIRD LEA BACK 2 A6 BSR PRINT_LINE LSE E k kkk kk kkk RUNAGIN12 MOVE L 0 D0 L122 BSR KEYPAD C CMP L X D5 BNE ACTIVE_12 ADD L 1 D0 CMP L TIME_OUT DO BEQ TIMEOUT12 BRA L122 ACTIVE_12 CMP L HAS D5 BNE LOOP12 2 MOVE L 5 D3 MOVE L 0 USER_NR MOVE B 0 DAYS_ACTIVE BRA END12 LOOP12_2 CMP L 72 D5 BNE RUNAGIN12 MOVE L 5 D3 BRA END12 TIMEOUT12 MOVE L 20 D3 BCLR 2 D4 END12 RTS DISPLAY ON AND CURSOR OFF MENU SETUP gt K gt K gt lt KK K 2K K K K K K K K K K xReset user Confirm 1x Back 2x THE COUNTER IS RESET THE KEYPAD ENTRY FUNCTION IS RAN TIMEOUT COUNTER INCREMENTED TIME OUT IF DO 30 1 RESET THE USER PROFILE AND RETURN TO USER MODE MENU 2 USER MODE MENU RETURN TO STATUS SETS THE THIRD BIT IN D4 LOW
82. ISTER GSM DR EQU B00003 GSM DATA REGISTER GSM DS EQU 50000 DATA SPACE BUF S POINT EQU 47000 gt K gt KK gt K gt x gt gt K 2K ok gt K gt K gt K K gt K FK FK oko FK FK oo Eoo RE FK FK K 2K R K 2K ECKE 2K K OK YK oR ok ok ok ok CAA ok KK KK KK KK KK START OF THE GSM COMMAND DATA SPACE SR SETUP ACIA I DC B D5 9611010101 SAR Rk Rk kkk PREDEFINED COMMANDS EO DC B 13 0 ECHO OFF CNMI DC B AT CNMI 2 1 0 0 1 7 13 0 SET INTERRUPTE CMGF DC B AT CMGF 1 13 0 SET TEXT MODE CSQ DC B 5 13 0 GSM NETWORK STATUS CCLK Q DC B 13 0 GET THE TIME SEND DC B AT CMGS 0 SEND SMS DELET DC B AT CMGD 0 DELET SMS READ DC B AT CMGR 0 READ SMS H GSM software 133 af 166 H 3 Constants COM_END DC B 13 0 END CHAR FOR AT COMMANDS HANG_UP DC B 0 HANG UP CALL FCCC KKK KKK KGET CLOCK COMMAND CCLK DC B AT CCLK YY DC B 0 9 DC B vs MM DS B 2 DC B DD DS B 2 DC B hr HH DS B 2 DC B en MI DS B 2 DC B eet SE DC B 07 70 DC B 13 0 EEEE EEEE EEEE EEEE E E E E E kk kkk SET COMMAND CPIN DC B DS B 4 DC B se 13 0 SOCCER _LINKED LIST ELMO DC L DATAO ACTIONO ELM1 ELM1 DC L ACTIONO ELM2 ELM2 DC L DATA2 ACTION0 ELM3 ELM3 DATAS ACTIONS ELM4 ELM4 DC L DATA4 ACTION4 ELM5 ELM5 DC L DATAS ACTIONS
83. K gt K gt x gt K gt K gt K gt K gt K gt K OK K E K K KK K K K K K K 2K K R E CK K K KK KK ACTION14 NOP CONTROLE OFF BCLR L 0 D4 CLEAR CONTROLE STATUS BIT MOVE B 4 SEND MSG CHOSING RESPOND SMS BSR SEND_SMS SENDING SMS RTS RETURN gt K gt K gt K ok gt x Kok gt x K gt K gt K gt K K gt x K OK E gt K gt K gt K gt K gt K K CE K CK ECKE KR K K HE K K E FK FK 2K CK K K KK KK ACTION15 NOP STATUS MOVE B 5 SEND MSG CHOSING RESPOND SMS BSR SEND_SMS SENDING SMS RTS RETURN gt K gt K gt K gt K gt lt K K K gt gt x gt K gt K gt K gt x gt K E gt K gt K gt K gt K OK K CE K K KK K K K K K K E K K E 2K 2K K K KK KK ACTION16 NOP TEMP LEA TEMPX AO LOAD POINTER TO TEMPRATURE MOVE L 0 D0 RESET REGISTER MOVE L 0 D1 RESET REGISTER ACTION16 03 CMP L A3 A5 CMP POINTER TO SEE IF AT END OF BUFFER BEQ ACTION16 05 IF END JUMP CMP B 30 A3 LOOK FOR ASCI NUMBER BLT ACTION16_02 JUMP IF NOT MUNBER CMP B 39 A3 BGT ACTION16 02 ROL L 8 D1 ROTATE REGISTER TO FIT NUMBER ADD L 1 D0 COUNT NUMBERS MOVE B A3 D1 MOVE NUMBER FROM BUFER TO REGSTER CMP L 1 D0 LOOK IF IT IS FIRST NUMBER BNE ACTION16_09 JUMP IF ITS NOT MOVE B A3 D2 MOVE ASCII TO REGISTER SUB B 30 D2 CONVERT FROM ASCII MULU 10 D2 MULTIPLY BY 10 TO GET THE RIGHT AMOUNT ACTION16 09 CMP L 2 D0 LOOK IF ITS SECOND NUMBER BNE ACTION16_10 JUMP IF NOT ADD B A3 D2 ADD THE VALUE TO REGISTER SUB B 30 D2 CONVERT FROM ACSII ACTION16 10
84. M 15 CONTROL MODE 2 TURN OFF SETS THE FIRST BIT IN D4 LOW THE SYSTEM 15 IN MONITORING MODE 3 BACK STATUS MENU SETS THE THIRD BIT IN D4 LOW RETURN TO USER MAIN MENU SA k oR Pk 5k 5k oF oR 5k RER KK KK RK KK END 18 JUMP MENU SET TEMPERATURE USER 0 BSR BSR LEA BSR BSR LEA BSR BSR LEA BSR BSR LEA BSR xUPDATE THE MOVE B BSR LEA MOVE B BSR MOVE BSR MOVE B BSR MOVE C 900001 WAIT RESET LCD TEMP NULL A6 PRINT LINE SECOND CURRENT A6 PRINT LINE THIRD SET ALARM A6 PRINT LINE FOURTH BACK 2 A6 PRINT_LINE VARIABLES CC 900001 WAIT TEMPX A6 A6 900003 WAITBF 900003 WAITBF DF 900003 WAITBF 43 900003 RUNAGIN7 L7 MOVE L BSR CMP L BNE ADD L CMP L 0 D0 KEYPAD C X D5 ACTIVE_7 1 D0 TIME_OUT DO DISPLAY ON AND CURSOR OFF MENU SETUP gt K gt K gt lt KK K 2K 2K K K K K K K K K xTemperature Current Set 1x Back 2x FKK K KK oe K gt K 2K OK K KK XX LOCATION COMMAND PRINT THE FIRST DIGIT OF THE SET TEMPERATURE ON THE DISPLAY PRINT THE SECOND DIGIT OF THE SET TEMPERATURE ON THE DISPLAY PRINT CIRC ON THE DISPLAY PRINT C ON THE DISPLAY THE COUNTER IS RESET THE KEYPAD ENTRY FUNCTION IS RAN TI
85. MEOUT COUNTER INCREMENTED TIME OUT IF DO 30 gt TO CHANGE I LCD software 153 af 166 I 1 Main Functions BEQ TIMEOUT7 BRA L7 ACTIVE 7 CMP L T A D5 BEQ RUNAGIN7 CMP L 1 D5 BNE LOOP7 2 MOVE L 19 D3 1 THE USER ENTER SET TEMPERATURE BRA END7 LOOP7_2 CMP L 2 D5 RUNAGIN7 MOVE L 16 D3 2 RETURN TO USER MAIN MENU BRA END7 TIMEOUT7 MOVE L 20 D3 THE STATUS MENU BCLR 2 D4 SETS THE THIRD BIT IN D4 LOW END7 BSR WAIT_OUT RTS 19 2 NUMERIC MENU ENTER_SET_TEMPERATURE_USER FINISHED SECA P U MOVE B F 900001 DISPLAY ON AND CURSOR ON BSR WAIT BSR RESET_LCD LEA SET_TEMPM A6 Set temp BSR PRINT LINE Enter BSR SECOND Temperature LEA ENTER A6 BSR PRINT LINE BSR THIRD LEA TEMP_NULL A6 BSR PRINT_LINE BSR FOURTH MOVE L 0 D2 COUNTER RESET MOVE B TEMPX_D TEMP_OLD THE OLD SET TEMPERATURE VAULE IS SAVED MOVE TEMPX TEMP_OLD_A LEA TEMPX AO POINT TO THE SET TEMPERATURE SPACE RUNAGIN32 MOVE L 0 DO0 COUNTER RESET RUN32 BSR KEYPAD_C CMP L X D5 BNE ACTIVE32 ADD L 1 D0 CMP L TIME_OUT DO TIME OUT IF DO 30 BEQ TIMEOUT32 BRA RUN32 ACTIVE32 CMP L A D5 BEQ RUNAGIN32 MOVE B D5 900003
86. MP 1 If the temperature is lower that the set temperature the mock system will turn on In the case that none of these comparisons are fulfilled the control unit will stay in its current state and the function will terminate Pseudo code IF TEMPERATURE CONTROL OFF GO TO END ELSE CONTINUE LOAD SET _TEMP START COMPARE SET _TEMP 1 WITH CUR _TEMP IF CUR _TEMP gt SET _TEMP TURN OFF CONTROL UNIT 92 af 166 5 Software Design 5 12 Implementation COMPARE SET _TEMP 1 WITH CUR _TEMP IF CUR _TEMP lt SET _TEMP TURN ON CONTROL UNIT ELSE END END 5 12 Implementation In this chapter the implementation of the software is described The chapter also addresses the debugging and initial testing of the system software 5 12 1 Software debugging During the design and testing of the system software the actual software is run using the TS2 monitor and not the minimal system ROM Using the TS2 monitor gives the programmer many possibilities in relation to debugging the software The actual features of the monitor are described in section 5 4 on page 73 The main focus of the system software is on the locale user interface and the GSM communication This is done since these two subjects are the most comprehensive The main program NORMAL is written as the first of the programs This is done in order to use the func tion as a platform that can be expanded upon as additional subroutines are developed and implemented The
87. NE CMPTMP IF IT IS GO TO CMPTMP BRA CONOFF ELSE GO TO CONOFF CMPTMP CLR DO CLEAR REGISTERS CLR D1 MOVE B TEMPX_D DO LOAD USER SET TEMPERATURE INTO DO MOVE B TEMP_C_D D1 LOAD CURRENT TEMPERATURE INTO D1 ADDI B 1 D0 ADD 1 TO USER SET TEMPERATURE CMP B D1 D0 COMPARE USER TEMP 1 WITH CURRENT TEMPERATURE BLE CONOFF IF CURRENT TEMPERATURE IS HIGHER GO TO CONOFF SUB B 2 D0 SUBTRACT 2 FROM DO THIS GIVES USER TEMPERATURE 1 CMP B D1 DO COMPARE THIS TO CURRENT TEMPERATURE BGE CONON IF CURRENT IS LOWER OR EQUAL GO TO CONON RTS IF NOT RETURN TO MAIN LOOP CONON ADDI B 0 D00003 TURN ON CONTROL UNIT RTS AND RETURN TO MAIN LOOP CONOFF ADDI B 0 D00001 TURN OFF CONTROL UNIT RTS AND RETURN TO MAIN LOOP 166 of 166
88. NTED TIME OUT IF DO 30 1 THE USER TEMPERATURE MENU18 2 THE USER CONTROL MENU17 THE STATUS MENU IS RAN NEXT TIME MAIN MENU IS RUN SETS THE THIRD BIT IN D4 LOW 17 JUMP MENU CONTROL MENU USER FINISHED P CONTROL U MOVE B C 900001 DISPLAY ON AND CURSOR OFF BSR WAIT MENU SETUP BSR RESET LCD LEA CONTROL A6 CONTROL BSR PRINT LINE Turn ON 1x BSR SECOND Turn OFF 2 LEA TURN_ON A6 xBack 3x BSR PRINT_LINE BSR THIRD LEA TURN_OFF A6 BSR PRINT_LINE 152 af 166 I LCD software I 1 Main Functions BSR LEA BSR FOURTH BACK 3 6 PRINT LINE 6 16 ACTIVE 6 LOOP6_2 LOOP6_3 TIMEOUT6 END6 MOVE L BSR CMP L BNE ADD L CMP L BEQ BRA CMP L BNE BSET L BRA CMP L BNE BCLR L BRA CMP L BNE BRA MOVE L BCLR RTS MOVE L RTS 0 D0 KEYPAD C D5 ACTIVE_6 1 D0 TIME_OUT DO TIMEOUT6 L6 1 D5 LOOP6 2 0 D4 END6 2 D5 LOOP6 3 0 D4 END6 3 D5 RUNAGIN6 END6 20 D3 2 D4 16 D3 THE COUNTER IS RESET THE KEYPAD ENTRY FUNCTION IS RAN TIMEOUT COUNTER INCREMENTED TIME OUT IF DO 30 1 TURN ON SETS THE FIRST BIT IN D4 HIGH THE SYSTE
89. PLACE THE ENTRY ON THE DISPLAY BSR WAITBF MOVE B D5 AO SAVE THE INPUT NOTE NOT AS ACSII ADD L 1 D2 CMP L 1 D2 BEQ MUL32 ADD B D1 TEMPX D CMP L 2 D2 BEQ END32 BRA RUNAGIN32 TIMEOUT32 MOVE B C 900001 DISPLAY ON AND CURSOR OFF BSR WAIT MOVE TEMP_OLD TEMPX_D THE SET TEMPERATURE RETURNS TO THE OLD VAULE MOVE L 20 D3 BCLR 2 D4 SETS THE THIRD BIT IN D4 LOW RTS 154af 166 I LCD software I 1 Main Functions END32 VAL32 VALMIN32 VALMAX32 2 VALID_ENTRY32 MUL32 MOVE B BSR MOVE W CMP W BLE BRA CMP W BHI BRA CMP W BHI BRA CMP W BLT BRA MOVE MOVE W MOVE L RTS BSR MOVE L RTS MULU MOVE BRA C 900001 DISPLAY ON AND CURSOR OFF WAIT TEMPX D2 D2 IS 2 BEFORE THE MOVE STOP 1 3430 D2 VAL32 IF LESS OR EQUAL TO 40 BRANCH TO VAL40 ERROR32 STOP IF BIGGER THAT 40 3030 D2 VALMIN32 IF BIGGER TO 0 BRANCH TO COMPARE FOR MAX TEMPERATURE ERROR32 MIN TEMP A D2 VALMAX32 ERROR32 MAX_TEMP_A D2 VALID_ENTRY32 ERROR32 TEMP_OLD TEMPX_D TEMP_OLD_A TEMPX 20 D3 WAIT OUT STOP 1 16 D3 RETURN TO USER MAIN MENU 10 D1 D1 TEMPX D RUNAGINS2 20 NORMAL OPERATIONS MENU STATUS FINISHED P_STATUS MOVE B C 900001 DISPLAY ON AND CURSOR OFF BSR WAIT BTST L 2 D4 COMPARE THE FIRST BIT IN D4 TO 0 BNE UPDATE BSR RESET LCD SA 2k 3k 9k sk E A KK KK KK K KKK K LEA CTEMP A6 C temp 13 4 BSR PRINT
90. R Syntax error 5 Network failure 20 af 166 3 System Analysis 3 4 Use cases 3 4 5 Use case 5 Alarm Case objective During normal operation only monitoring the temperature and control operation the system monitors the temperature If the measured temperature reaches either the minimum or maximum temperature the system issues an alarm to the administrator Participants Temperature sensor Administrator System Administrator Remote interface Figure 3 8 Illustration of the participants and functions related to Usecase 5 Normal system sequence 1 Temperature sensor measures current temperature of the surroundings 2 The current temperature is compared to the selected alarm temperature 3 Current temperature is lower than minimum alarm temperature or higher than maximum alarm temperature 4 System status is sent to administrator 5 System status is sent to the administrator every 30 minutes for a maximum of 2 hours provided that current temperature remains identical to or higher than selected alarm tem perature 6 Administrator turns alarm off Used mobile number is compared to authentication list 8 Text message syntax is compared to system syntax 9 Alarm is turned off Case exceptions 1 Network failure 2 Authentication 3 Syntax error 3 System Analysis 21 af 166 3 4 Use cases 3 4 6 Case exceptions In this section the case exceptions are
91. R MOVE L BCLR RTS MOVE B BSR BSR MOVE L RTS RUNAGIN8 31 C 900001 WAIT 20 D3 2 D4 C 900001 WAIT WAIT OUT 16 D3 DISPLAY ON AND CURSOR OFF THE STATUS MENU SETS THE THIRD BIT IN D4 LOW DISPLAY ON AND CURSOR OFF THE USER MAIN MENU 16 JUMP MENU USER MAIN MENU P_USERMAIN MOVE B BSR BSR LEA BSR BSR LEA BSR BSR LEA BSR C 900001 WAIT RESET_LCD USER TOP A6 PRINT LINE SECOND TEMP LONG A6 PRINT LINE THIRD CONTROL2 A6 PRINT LINE gt K gt K gt K gt x gt K gt K gt x gt k gt K gt K ok FK gt K gt F gt K ok ok K FK o FK R 2K FK R FK 2K FK FK o eoe R R KK OR R RUNAGIN2 L2 ACTIVE 2 LOOP2 2 TIMEOUT2 END2 MOVE L BSR CMP L BNE ADD L CMP L BEQ BRA CMP L BEQ CMP L BNE L BRA CMP L BNE MOVE L BRA L BCLR RTS 0 D0 KEYPAD_C X D5 ACTIVE_2 1 D0 TIME_OUT DO TIMEOUT2 L2 T A D5 RUNAGIN2 71 D5 LOOP2_2 18 D3 END2 2 D5 RUNAGIN2 17 D3 END2 20 D3 2 D4 DISPLAY ON AND CURSOR OFF MENU SETUP gt K gt K gt x gt x K K K K K K K K KK K K User xTemperature 1x Control 2x THE COUNTER IS RESET THE KEYPAD ENTRY FUNCTION IS RAN TIMEOUT COUNTER INCREME
92. RL5 FC2 FC1 FC0 gt IPL2 IPL1 IPLO CSI8 CSI7 NMI X X X H L H H X X X gt IRL_5 _IRQ_Keyp X X X L H H L L L L gt IRL 4 IRQ GSM X X X L H L H L L L gt CSIB GSM H L L L H L H H H H gt CSI7 IRA Keyb H L H L H H L H H H gt L L L H H L H L H H L H H H H L H H L H L H L H L Prioriteret interupt keyb med 2 prioritet NMI_1 _prioritet _ H L H L H L L H H H _ gt _ X X X H L L L X X X _ gt end PEEL3 L H L H L L L L H H G PEEL software 121 af 166 GSM software H 1 Main Functions INIT_GSM NOP INITALIZING THE GSM MODULE ANDI L 00FFFFFF D4 CLEARS THE USED STATUS BITS MOVE B 3 GSM_SR RESET THE ACIA MOVE B ACIA 1 GSM SR SET UP THE ACIA BSR MOVE BUF RESET THE BUFFER INIT_GSM_01 LEA E0 A0 LOAD COMAND ADDRESS BSR SEND ST GSM SUBRUTINE CALL TO SEND COMMAND BSR WAIT2LF WAITING FOR THE RESPONS TO BE IN THE BUFFER BSR CMP ANS SUBRUTINE TO RECONISE RESPONSE BSR MOVE BUF RESET BUFFER BTST L 31 D4 CONTROL IF THE ANSWER WAS CORECT BEQ INIT_GSM_01 IF NOT JUMPS BCLR L 31 D4 RESET STATUS BIT INIT GSM 02 LEA 0 LOAD COMAND ADDRESS BSR SEND_ST_GSM SUBRUTINE CALL TO SEND COMMAND BSR WAIT2LF WAITING FOR THE RESPONS TO BE IN THE BUFFER
93. RSOR OFF MENU SETUP Kok gt x gt K K K K K K KK OK K xAlarm Current Set 1 2x LOCATION COMMAND SECOND LINE 5 PRINT THE FIRST DIGIT OF THE MIN TEMPERATURE ON THE DISPLAY PRINT THE SECOND DIGIT OF THE MIN TEMPERATURE ON THE DISPLAY PRINT ON THE DISPLAY PRINT THE FISRT DIGIT OF THE MAX TEMPERATURE ON THE DISPLAY PRINT THE SECOND DIGIT OF THE MAX TEMPERATURE ON THE DISPLAY 1 D0 TIMEOUT COUNTER INCREMENTED TIME_OUT DO TIMEOUT4 L4 1 D5 LOOP4 2 TIME OUT IF D0 30 11 D3 1 ENTER ALARM TEMPERATURE MENU END4 2 D5 RUNAGIN4 8 D3 2 ADMINISTRATOR MAIN MENU END4 20 D3 THE STATUS MENU 146 af 166 I LCD software I 1 Main Functions END4 BCLR RTS 2 D4 SETS THE THIRD BIT IN D4 LOW 11 4 NUMERIC MENU ENTER ALARM TEMPERATURE FINISHED P_SETALARM_A RUNAGIN33 RUN33 ACTIVE33 CONVERT33A CONVERT33 CONVERT33B TIMEOUT33 MOVE B F 900001 DISPLAY ON AND CURSOR ON BSR WAIT BSR RESET LCD Administrator LEA ADMIN A6 Enter BSR PRINT LINE Alarm temp BSR SECOND LEA ENTER A6 BSR PRINT LINE BSR THIRD LEA ALARM TEMP A6 BSR PRINT LINE BSR FOURTH
94. RUN SMS SUBROUTINE RESET SMS CHOISE JUMP TO END CMP NR OF CHOSEN SMS JUMP TO NEXT IF NOT THIS RUN SMS SUBROUTINE RESET SMS CHOISE JUMP TO END CMP NR OF CHOSEN SMS JUMP TO NEXT IF NOT THIS RUN SMS SUBROUTINE RESET SMS CHOISE JUMP TO END CMP NR OF CHOSEN SMS JUMP TO NEXT IF NOT THIS RUN SMS SUBROUTINE RESET SMS CHOISE JUMP TO END CMP NR OF CHOSEN SMS JUMP TO NEXT IF NOT THIS RUN SMS SUBROUTINE RESET SMS CHOISE JUMP TO END CMP NR OF CHOSEN SMS JUMP TO NEXT IF NOT THIS RUN SMS SUBROUTINE RESET SMS CHOISE JUMP TO END CMP NR OF CHOSEN SMS JUMP TO NEXT IF NOT THIS H GSM software 129 af 166 H 2 Subroutines BSR ERALARAN RUN SMS SUBROUTINE MOVE B 0 SEND MSG RESET SMS CHOISE BRA ACTION10 JUMP TO END ACTION10 13 CMP B 13 SEND MSG CMP NR OF CHOSEN SMS BNE ACTION10_14 JUMP TO NEXT IF NOT THIS BSR ERALACON RUN SMS SUBROUTINE MOVE B 0 SEND MSG RESET SMS CHOISE BRA ACTION10 JUMP TO END ACTION10 14 CMP B 14 SEND MSG CMP NR OF CHOSEN SMS BNE ACTION10 15 JUMP TO END IF NOT THIS BSR ALARSTAT RUN SMS SUBROUTINE MOVE B 0 SEND MSG RESET SMS CHOISE BRA ACTION10 JUMP TO END ACTION10_15 RTS RETURN ACTION12 NOP ALARM OFF MOVE B 4 ALARM_COUNT1 EDETING THE ALARM COUNT MOVE B 2 SEND MSG CHOSING RESPOND SMS BSR SEND_SMS SENDING SMS RTS RETURN gt K gt K gt K gt K gt lt K gt x gt x gt x gt K gt K gt
95. S DO ALARM_COUNT2 ALARM_UP_5 SUB W 300 DO SUBTRACT 300 FROM ALARM COUNTER 2 MOVE L DO ALARM_COUNT2 RTS 164 af 166 K Alarm software User termination software PROGRAM ao KK KK KK RK K k k TERM_USER LEA USER_NR AO CMP L 0 A0 BEQ TU_EXIT EEEE EEEE EEE EEE EE EE RER KK KK KK KK KK ak KK CMP L 0030 D6 IS IT 00 00 00 30 BLT TU_NEWDAY IF YES CHECK IF ITS A NEW DAY MOVE B 0 DAYS COUNT ELSE SET DAY COUNTED TO 0 TU_NEWDAY CMP L 0030 D6 IS IT PAST 00 30 BGE TU GO IF SO GO CHECK IF USER NEEDS TO BE TERMINATED CMP B 1 DAYS COUNT ELSE CHECK IF THE DAY HAS BEEN COUNTED YET BEQ TU_GO IF SO GO CHECK IF USER SHOULD BE TERMINATED ADD B 1 DAYS_ACTIVE_C ELSE COUNT THIS DAY MOVE B 1 DAYS_COUNT SET DAY COUNTED TO 1 KK KK KK SK KK kk kk TU GO B DAYS ACTIVE C D0 LOAD HOW MANY DAYS HAVE GONE LEA DAYS ACTIVE 1 LOAD HAVE MANY DAYS USER WILL BE ACTIVE CMP B A1 DO HAS THE DAYS GONE BY BGE TU_TERM IF SO SEE IF ITS THE RIGHT TIME OF THE DAY BRA TU_EXIT ELSE EXIT TO MAIN LOOP KK KK KK SK KK TU TERM CMP L 1200 D6 TIME OF DAY TO TERMINATE USER COMPARED TO CURRENT TIME BLT TU_EXIT IF ITS NOT TIME EXIT TO MAIN LOOP MOVE L 0 USER_NR ELSE TERMINATE USER MOVE B 1 DAYS_ACTIVE_C RETURN DAYS PASSED TO DEFAULT VALUE TU EXIT RTS 165 of 166 Control unit software CONTROL_UP BIST 0 D4 IS THE CONTROL UNIT ACTIVE B
96. S SET FUNCTION POINTER TO COMMAND SEND_ST_GSM COPY NUMBER POINTER TO FUNCTION POINTER SEND_ST_GSM SET FUNCTION POINTER TO COMMAND END CHAR SEND_ST_GSM CMP_ANS END END 5 6 8 Transmitting a text messages When the ANS function identify the gt response from the GSM module the system starts to transmit a message Software functionality Before the SEND_SMS function is triggered the system will have given a number for the message Each number corresponds to a subroutine that uses the SEND_ST_GSM function to send a series of strings and or variables to the GSM module that combined makes up the SMS message Pseudo code START TRANS_SMS EXECUTE SMS FUNCTION MSG_NR END END 5 6 9 Receiving text messages When the CMP ANS function identifies that the GSM module has received a new message it is set up to send a command string with information on the storage location of the message Software functionality In the main loop there is a function that looks at the number of line feeds received at a given moment If anything is received the system will halt and wait until two line feeds are registered When the line feeds are registered the response for the GSM module will be placed in the buffer and the CMP ANS function will be executed Subsequently the appropriate command string corresponding with a text message is 82 af 166 5 Software Design 5 6 GSM software received the function finds the index numbe
97. SR WAITBF MOVE B 900003 PRINT THE SECOND DIGIT OF THE SET TEMPERATURE ON THE DISPLAY BSR WAITBF MOVE B DF 900003 PRINT CIRC ON THE DISPLAY BSR WAITBF MOVE B 43 900003 PRINT C ON THE DISPLAY 31 5R ok 2k 9k Pk ok ok 9k 9k k ok kok RUNAGIN11 MOVE L 0 D0 THE COUNTER IS RESET 148 af 166 I LCD software I 1 Main Functions L11 BSR ACTIVE 11 CMP L BNE MOVE L BRA CMP L BNE MOVE L BRA MOVE L BCLR END11 RTS LOOP11_2 TIMEOUT11 KEYPAD C X D5 ACTIVE_11 1 D0 TIME_OUT DO 11 111 A D5 RUNAGIN11 1 D5 LOOP11 2 13 D3 END11 2 D5 RUNAGIN11 8 D3 END11 20 D3 2 D4 THE KEYPAD ENTRY FUNCTION IS RAN TIMEOUT COUNTER INCREMENTED TIME OUT IF DO 30 gt TO CHANGE 1 THE ADMIN ENTER SET TEMPERATURE 2 RETURN TO ADMIN MAIN MENU THE STATUS MENU SETS THE THIRD BIT IN D4 LOW 13 2 NUMERIC MENU ENTER SET TEMPERATURE ADMIN FINISHED P SETTEMPA BSR BSR LEA BSR BSR LEA BSR BSR LEA BSR gt K gt gt gt gt lt gt x gt x gt K 2 gt K gt K gt gt K gt K gt K oko Eoo ooo Eo ole KK KK KK gt K OR OR BSR MOVE L MOVE B MOVE W LEA RUNAGIN18 MOVE L RUN18 BSR CMP L BNE ADD L CMP L BEQ BRA CMP L B
98. T BUFFER VALID COMMAND COPY SUBROUTINE ADDRES EXECUTE SUBROUTINE RESET BUFFER RETURN TO PREVIOUS FUNCTION H GSM software 123 af 166 H 1 Main Functions GSM_UP NOP ADD B CMP B BNE GSM_UP 02 BSR BCLR L LEA BSR BSR BSR BSR BTST L BNE MOVE B GSM UP 01 RTS 1 GSMCOUNTER FF GSMCOUNTER GSM_UP_01 MOVE_BUF 28 D4 CSQ 0 SEND_ST_GSM WAIT4LF CMP_ANS MOVE_BUF 28 D4 GSM_UP_02 0 GSMCOUNTER UPDATE GSM NETWORK STATUS COUNTING ATEMPT CMP IF IT TIME TO UPDATE JUMP IF NOT RESET BUFFER CLEAR STATUS BIT LOAD COMMAND POINTER SEND COMMAND WAIT FOR 4 LINE FEEDS RECONISE ANSWER RESET BUFFER CONTROLE STATUS BIT IF NOT JUMP RESET ATEMPT COUNTER RETURN CLOCK_UP NOP ADD B CMP B BNE CLOCK UP 02 BSR BCLR L LEA BSR BSR BSR BSR MOVE B BTST L BNE CLOCK UP 01 RTS MSG UP CMP B BEQ BSR BSR BSR MSG_UPO RTS INPUT_GSM NOP MOVE L MOVE B CMP B BNE MOVE L MOVE B ADD B MOVE B MOVE B MOVE L RTE INPUT_GSM1 gt K gt K gt K gt x gt x gt K 2K
99. TART SEND ST GSM 11 IF READY RETURN TO L1 IF CHAR 00 ACIA DR CHAR ADD 1 TO POINTER RETURN TO L1 END END SET POINTER TO ARGUMENTS SEND ST GSM 78 af 166 5 Software Design 5 6 GSM software 5 6 3 Response from GSM module Reading data sent by the GSM module is accomplished by running an exception that is similar to a sub routine When an interrupt is sent from the ACIA this exception will move the data from the ACIA onto the system buffer as described in section 5 3 2 on page 72 To indicate when a command is completely stored in the buffer the function will count line feeds 0x0A The reason for line feeds to be counted is that the syntax for GSM response always contains the same amount of line feeds The commands in most cases contain two line feeds in the response However when reading a text message there will be five line feeds a single line feed when the GSM module is ready to receive a SMS messages and four line feeds after the CCLK and CSQ commands This is implemented by designing an additional four smaller functions that will wait for the right amount of line feeds when expecting a response from the GSM module Software functionality The function will when triggered move a byte from the ACIA to the buffer where the data in pointer points to For each byte of data the function will compare it to to count the line feeds and add one to a variable for every line feed As the
100. TION10_11 ACTION10_12 BRA CMP B BNE BSR MOVE B BRA CMP B BNE BSR MOVE B BRA CMP B BNE BSR MOVE B BRA CMP B BNE BSR MOVE B BRA CMP B BNE BSR MOVE B BRA CMP B BNE BSR MOVE B BRA CMP B BNE BSR MOVE B BRA CMP B BNE BSR MOVE B BRA CMP B BNE BSR MOVE B BRA CMP B BNE BSR MOVE B BRA CMP B BNE ACTION10 2 SEND_ MSG ACTION10_03 ALARDISA 0 SEND MSG ACTION10 3 SEND_MSG ACTION10_04 CTRLENAB 0 SEND MSG ACTION10 4 SEND_MSG ACTION10_05 CTRLDISA 0 SEND MSG ACTION10 5 SEND_MSG ACTION10_06 STATUS 0 SEND MSG ACTION10 6 SEND_MSG ACTION10_07 ERUNAUTH 0 SEND MSG ACTION10 7 SEND_MSG ACTION10_08 TEMPCONF 0 SEND MSG ACTION10 8 SEND_MSG ACTION10_09 ERSYNTAX 0 SEND MSG ACTION10 9 SEND_ MSG ACTION10_10 ALARCONF 0 SEND MSG ACTION10 10 SEND MSG ACTION10_11 ERTEMCON 0 SEND MSG ACTION10 11 SEND MSG ACTION10_12 ERRANGE 0 SEND_ MSG ACTION10 12 SEND MSG ACTION10_13 CMP NR OF CHOSEN SMS JUMP TO NEXT IF NOT THIS RUN SMS SUBROUTINE RESET SMS CHOISE JUMP TO END CMP NR OF CHOSEN SMS JUMP TO NEXT IF NOT THIS RUN SMS SUBROUTINE RESET SMS CHOISE JUMP TO END CMP NR OF CHOSEN SMS JUMP TO NEXT IF NOT THIS RUN SMS SUBROUTINE RESET SMS CHOISE JUMP TO END CMP NR OF CHOSEN SMS JUMP TO NEXT IF NOT THIS RUN SMS SUBROUTINE RESET SMS CHOISE JUMP TO END CMP NR OF CHOSEN SMS JUMP TO NEXT IF NOT THIS
101. T_GSM POLL UNTIL TRANSMITTER READY FOR DATA CMP B 00 A0 CONTROLE IF THE COMMAND ARE AT THE END BEQ SEND_ST_GSM1 JUMPS TO NEXT CHAR MOVE B A0 GSM DR MOVES ONE CHAR TO THE GSM MODULE AT A TIME BRA SEND ST GSM REAPEATS WHIT THE NEXT CHAR SEND ST GSM1 RTS END OF SEND COMMAND READ_MSG NOP FIND SMS CMP_ANS TRIGGERD ANDI L FFOFFFFF D4 RESET THE USER STATUS BITS MOVE L A4 A3 MAKE COPY OF BUFER START POINTER MOVE L 0 D0 RESET REGISTER ACTION6_04 ADD L 1 D0 COUNT ADD L 1 A3 MOVE POINTER CMP 14 D0 CMP AMOUNT OF MOVES BNE ACTION6_04 IF NOT MOVE AGAIN MOVE B A3 MSG_NR SAVE SMS STORAGE NUMBER BSR READ_ SMS SUBRUTINE TO READ SMS BTST L 21 D4 CONTROLE SENDER STATUS BNE USE_NOUSER JUMP IF RIGHT BIT BRA USE_US_AD JUMP TO ACCEPTED USER ACTION603 BSR DELET_SMS SUBRUTINE TO DELET SMS RTS RETURN USE_NOUSER BSR MOVE_BUF RESET BUFFER MOVE B 6 SEND_ MSG SELECT UNARTUSER SMS BSR SEND_SMS SUBRUTINE TO SEND SMS BRA ACTION603 JUMP H GSM software 125 af 166 H 2 Subroutines USE_US_AD BSR FIND_MSG SUBRUTINE TO FINDE SMS BSR MOVE_BUF RESET BUFFER BRA ACTION603 JUMP EEEE ok k ok 3k 5k oR ok 5k KK KK KK KK kk SEND SMS NOP SENDS SMS BSR MOVE BUF RESET BUFFER LEA SEND A0 SET COMMAND POINTER BSR SEND_ST_GSM SEND COMMAND LEA TEMP_NR AO BSR SEND ST GSM LEA COM END AO BSR SEND ST GSM BSR WAIT1LF WAIT FOR 1 LINE FEED BSR CMP_ANS RECONISE ANSER
102. UMP TO NEXT ADDRESS RETURN 124 af 166 H GSM software H 2 Subroutines H 2 Subroutines WAIT1LF NOP WAIT 1 LINE FEED CMP B 1 INCOUNTER CMP LF COUNTER BNE WAIT1LF JUMP IF NOT MOVE 0 INCOUNTER RESET LF COUNTER BSR WAIT WAIT RTS RETURN WAIT2LF NOP WAIT 1 LINE FEED CMP B 2 INCOUNTER CMP LF COUNTER BNE WAIT2LF JUMP IF NOT MOVE 0 INCOUNTER RESET LF COUNTER BSR WAIT WAIT RTS RETURN KK SK KK SKK KK kkk WAIT4LF NOP WAIT 1 LINE FEED CMP B 4 INCOUNTER CMP LF COUNTER BNE WAIT4LF JUMP IF NOT MOVE 0 INCOUNTER RESET LF COUNTER BSR WAIT WAIT RTS RETURN ok KK SK SKK SKK KK KK sk WAITSLF NOP WAIT 1 LINE FEED CMP B 5 INCOUNTER CMP LF COUNTER BNE WAITSLF JUMP IF NOT MOVE 0 INCOUNTER RESET LF COUNTER BSR WAIT WAIT RTS RETURN SEND ST GSM NOP THE SUBRUTINE TO SEND SIMPLE COMMANDS TO GSM BTST B 1 GSM SR TEST THE TRANSMITTER STATUS BEQ SEND_S
103. VE ASCII IN VARIBEL SET CONTROLE STATUS BIT SELECT TEMPRATUR SET SMS SEND SMS RETURN SELECT ERROR SYNAX SMS SEND SMS SELECT CONFLICK WITH ALARM SMS SEND SMS SELECT TEMP OUTSIDE RNGE SMS SEND SMS ALARM RESET REGISTER RESET REGISTER RESET REGISTER COTROL IF ADMINISTRATOR JUMP IF NOT LOOK IF AT END OF BUFFER JUMP IF CMP TO FIND ASCII NUMBER JUMP IF NOT ROTATE REGISTER TO PLACE NUMBER RIGHT MOVE NUMBER TO REGISTER COUNT NUMBERS CMP IF AMOUNT OF NUMBER IS RIGHT JUMP IF MOVE POINTER JUMP SPLIT UP MIN AND MAX TEMP H GSM software 131 af 166 H 2 Subroutines SWAP W D1 SWAP REGISTER TO FIT THE NUMBER PLACEMENT CMP W D1 D2 CMP MIN TO MAX TEMP BLE 17 05 IF MAX SMALLER THEN MIN JUMP CMP W 3030 D1 CMP ALARM TEMP TO MIN LIMET BLT 17 08 JUMP IF UNDER CMP W 3830 D2 CMP ALARM TEMP TO MAX BGT ACTION17_08 JUMP IF OVER CMP W TEMPX D1 CMP MIN ALARM TO SET TEMP BGE 17 09 JUMP IF GREATER CMP W TEMPX D2 CMP MAX ALARM TO SET TEMP BLE 17 09 JUMP IF UNDER MOVE W D1 MIN TEMP A SAVE ALARM MIN TEMP MOVE W D2 MAX_TEMP_A SAVE ALARM MAX TEMP SUB B 30 D1 CONVERT FROM ASCII MOVE B D1 MIN TEMP MOVE TO MIN VARIABEL ROR L 8 D1 ROTATE REGISTER SUB B 30 D1 CONVERT FROM ASCII MULU 10 D1 MULTIPLY TO FIT ADD B D1 MIN TEMP ADD TO MIN VARIABEL SUB B 30 D2 CONVERT FORM ASCII MOVE B D2 MAX_TEMP MOVE TO MAX VARIABEL ROR L 8 D2 ROTATE REGISTER SUB B
104. VE B 31 C 900001 BSR WAIT BSR WAIT OUT MOVE L 1 D3 RTS GSMTIME CMP L 1 D2 BNE GSMTI_MI LEA HH AO GSMTI_MI CMP L 3 D2 BNE GSMTI MM LEA MI AO GSMTI MM CMP L 5 D2 BNE GSMTI DD LEA MM A0 GSMTI DD CMP L 7 D2 BNE GSMTI END LEA DD AO GSMTI END RTS WRITE ON DISPLAY WRITE SPACE ON DISPLAY WRITE ON DISPLAY DISPLAY ON AND CURSOR OFF NEXT MENU THE INITIALIZEION MENU x5 JUMP MENU MODE MENU FINISHED RER REEKS EKK KK KK EKK KK KK kk P MODE MOVE B C 900001 DISPLAY ON AND CURSOR OFF BSR WAIT MENU SETUP BSR RESET_LCD LEA USER_MODE A6 User mode BSR PRINT_LINE xNew user 1 BSR SECOND Reset user 2 LEA NEW USER1 A6 xAdministrator 3x BSR PRINT LINE gt K 5k ok ok ok ok ok ok ok ok oR SK KK KK BSR THIRD LEA RESET_USER A6 BSR PRINT_LINE BSR FOURTH LEA ADMINS BSR PRINT_LINE RUNAGIN1 MOVE L 0 D0 THE COUNTER IS RESET L1 BSR KEYPAD C THE KEYPAD ENTRY FUNCTION IS RAN CMP L X D5 BNE ACTIVE_1 142 af 166 I LCD software I 1 Main Functions ADD L 1 00 CMP L TIME_OUT DO BEQ TIMEOUT1 BRA L1 ACTIVE 1 CMP L 1 D5 BNE LOOP1_2 MOVE L 14 D3 BRA END1 LOOP1_2 CMP L 2 D5 LOOP1_3 MOVE L 6 D3 BRA END1 LOOP1_3 CMP L 3 D5 BNE RUNAGIN1 MOVE L 7 D3 BRA END1 T
105. Y ON THE DISPLAY SAVE THE INPUT AS ACSII IN THE ADMIN_NR1 SPACE DISPLAY ON AND CURSOR OFF FINISHED OR ok ok ok ok ok A oF oF oF A oF RK RK 9k 9 9 OK OK OK KK KK KK OK P ADMINREG1 MOVE B F 900001 BSR WAIT BSR RESET LCD LEA ADMIN A6 BSR PRINT LINE BSR SECOND LEA ENTER A6 BSR PRINT LINE BSR THIRD LEA PHONE 1 6 BSR PRINT LINE BSR FOURTH LEA PHONE NR2 A6 BSR PRINT LINE SGI KK RK KOR KOR k k k k k ENTRY BSR WAIT MOVE L 0 D2 LEA ADMIN_NR AO RUNAGIN16 BSR KEYPAD_C CMP L X D5 BEQ RUNAGIN16 ACTIVE16 D5 BEQ RUNAGIN16 ADD L 1 D2 MOVE B D5 900003 BSR WAITBF MOVE B D5 A0 CMP L 8 D2 BEQ END16 BRA RUNAGIN16 END16 MOVE B C 900001 BSR WAIT BSR WAIT OUT MOVE L 3 D3 I LCD software 139 af 166 I 1 Main Functions RTS 3 ADMINISTRATOR REGISTRATION GSM PINCODE FINISHED ERR A K K K K K K K K K K K P_ADMINREG2 MOVE B F 900001 DISPLAY ON AND CURSOR ON BSR WAIT BSR RESET_LCD Administrator LEA ADMIN A6 Enter BSR PRINT_LINE PIN code BSR SECOND LEA ENTER A6 BSR PRINT_LINE BSR THIRD LEA PIN REG A6 BSR PRINT LINE BSR FOURTH ENTRY BSR WAIT MOVE L 0 D2 LEA PIN AO RUNAGIN20 BSR KEYPAD_C THE KEYPAD ENTRY FUNCTION IS RAN CMP L
106. _LINE Control ON BSR SECOND Time 12 32 LEA CONTROL A6 GSM ON OFF BSR PRINT_LINE K bk ok AC sk ok oR k KK KKR KK KK k k BSR THIRD LEA TIME A6 BSR PRINT_LINE BSR FOURTH LEA GSM A6 BSR PRINT_LINE UPDATE THE TEMPERATURE UPDATE NOP MOVE B 89 900001 LOCATION CAMMAND FIRST LINE END 7 BSR WAIT TEMPERATURE LOCATED D7 ROL L 8 D7 MOVE B D7 900003 PRINT THE FIRST DIGIT ON THE DISPLAY BSR WAITBF ROL L 8 D7 MOVE B D7 900003 PRINT THE SECOND DIGIT ON THE DISPLAY BSR WAITBF ROL L 8 D7 MOVE B D7 900003 PRINT BSR WAITBF MOVE B 2E 900003 PRINT ON THE DISPLAY BSR WAITBF ROL L 8 D7 I LCD software 155af 166 1 2 Subroutines D7 900003 PRINT THE FOURTH DIGIT ON THE DISPLAY BSR WAITBF MOVE B DF 900003 PRINT CIRC ON THE DISPLAY BSR WAITBF MOVE B 43 900003 PRINT C ON THE DISPLAY BSR WAITBF UPDATE THE STATE OF THE SYSTEM MOVE B CD 900001 LOCATION COMMAND SECOND LINE END 3 BSR WAIT BSR ONOFF BSR PRINT LINE PRINT THE STATE OF THE SYSTEM CONTROL ON OFF ON THE DISPLAY UPDATE THE SYSTEM TIME MOVE B
107. a means of control ling and monitoring the temperature This will ease the implementation of other subsystems in a potential improvement of the system 11 of 166 System Analysis This project deals with the development and design of a GSM RCS Global System for Mobile communications Remote Controlled System The system uses an Motorola 68000 MPU Micro Processor Unit as a basis The MPU will be used to enable remote monitoring and control of electrical devices and support local monitoring and control of these electrical devices In order to communicate with the system remotely a GSM module is implemented 3 1 Project structure procedure The project structure is based on the SPU model that is often used in relation to the development of new products The model involves organizing the work process in accordance to the size of the individual subtasks The project follows the structure illustrated in figure 3 1 The v shape indicates the size and the time reserved for the different tasks It is noted that the model also illustrates the connection between the different tasks The left side of the figure contains the tasks and the right side contains a matching ending evaluation of the tasks The project structure and Analysis System evaluation Performance specification Performance verification System design Integration Implementation Figure 3 1 V arranged SPU model describing the project work process process is based on the SPU m
108. able to noise This is because of the high frequency the chips operate at The high frequency means that the logic levels of the digital signals must be well defined to be correctly interpreted The signals must fulfill two criteria to be correctly interpreted First of all the voltage level must be over a certain level to be interpreted as high and below a certain level to be interpreted as low In addition to this the edges of each pulse must also be distinguishable since several of the chips use the rising and falling edges when executing functions 4 Hardware Design 65 af 166 4 12 Implementation To accommodate these demands each chip will first of all need to have stable supply and ground levels To prevent fluctuations on the power line affecting the circuits bypass capacitors are used These capacitors will short most alternating currents to the ground line Unfortunately one of the circuits used generates enough noise to locally disrupt the power or even ground line This is the reason why the location of the MAX 232 chip and especially its bypass and decoupling capacitors have been placed as far as possible from the most sensitive chips 4 12 4 Practicalities RAM and ROM For clarity the chips with many connections to the address bus and the data bus RAM and ROM have been grouped on the right side of the board In this way the wires for the two buses will not be crossing over any large areas of the circuit board ma
109. ach of these data transfers are and a discussion of the chosen bus control Unless otherwise specified the source is from reference 1 4 11 1 Synchronous Bus Control When using synchronous data transfer the m68k provides an address and a strobe or clock to indicate that the address is valid Ideally a read cycle begins at the falling edge of the clock where afterward the M68k generates an address to the memory location where it is supposed to access data After the address has been generated the data is provided to the M68k The read cycle ends at the falling edge of the clock The time between the data is provided and the end of the read cycle is called the M68k s data setup time A this point the data must be valid An illustration of the ideal synchronous bus control is shown in fig 4 18 A B D 1 1 I 1 1 I Address I Address valid 1 1 i 1 i 1 Data I Datavalid 1 i I 1 1 4 4 i tsetup thold Figure 4 18 Idealized timing diagram of synchronous data transfer of the Motorola 68000 CPU 1 The synchronous bus control is designed to simplify the interface between the M68k and peripherals used with older 8 bit synchronous bus microprocessors All these peripherals are easy to interface with a M68k bus However they are not simple to interface with the asynchronous interface although not entirely impossible The M68k has been provided with a synchronous bus control to permit designers to us
110. ach other allowing the processor to use both 8 bit and 16 bit mode on the data bus since the instruction set in some cases requires all 16 bit This means that one of each RAM and ROM modules must be connected to the upper part of the data bus and the other to the lower part 4 Hardware Design 41 af 166 4 2 Memory and Addressing 0x0 TS2monitor 0 1200 ROM 1 Ox1FFFF ROM 2 Ox3FFFF TS2monitor OxAOFFF RAM I Ox7FFFF RAM2 OxBFFFF Undefined 0x800001 ACIA 0x800003 Peripherals OxFFFFFF Table 4 2 Memory map for the minimum system 4 2 3 Chip select To prevent several modules from reading or writing on the data bus at the same time it is necessary to use a chip select strobe The chip select input on the different modules must be asserted for the module to respond to any address strobes and read write commands To create this chip select strobe an address decoder is used This enables the programmer to control which system modules are selected From truth table 4 3 it can be seen that the maximum bits needed to fully address the RAM ROM and several peripherals the upper 6 bits of the address bus The pins and A19 will be the primary pins to differentiate between the RAM and ROM The ROM needs both pin Ais and to be logic 0 while the RAM must be selected for 18 and or being logic 1 All peripherals can be chip selected using pin
111. an be divided between different group members without the danger of overwriting data or storing data multiple times at different locations 5 3 1 Use of internal registers Some of the internal registers are reserved for specific data and contain either single or several variables Since the registers are available to all subroutines all the registers can be temporarily used as long as backups are made and the registers are restored The processor has 16 internal registers 8 for data and 70 af 166 5 Software Design 5 3 Storage structure 8 for addresses The registers are desirable to use since the processor can access them faster than the physical memory The primary and predefined use of the different registers can be seen in table 5 1 Dataregister Address register 0 Free register Free register 1 Free register Free register 2 Free register Free register 3 Menu counter Free register 4 Status Buffer pointer 5 Entry Buffer pointer 6 Clock Free register 7 Temperature Stack pointer Table 5 1 The internal registers e Menu The register contains a number from to 21 that indicates which menu the display is currently showing e Entry The register contains a number from 0 to 9 that indicates the latest key pressed by the administrator user Status The different bits in the register indicates which state the control and GSM module is in e Clock This register contains the time
112. are not featured in the GSM RCS at the moment The system can be controlled both using SMS text messages and the keypad mounted on the device itself 3 7 Administrator Guide Getting started When the system is reset or started up the program setup is initialized automatically During the reset start up the administrator is required to enter the administrator phone number PIN code the time and date The administrator also has the opportunity to change the operating settings e g the set temperature alarm temperature and operation mode These entries are all made using the numeric keypad The first menu displayed on the LCD during the initialization is illustrated in table 3 1 In this menu the administrator is asked to enter the administrator phone number The administrator phone number is the number that the system will use when sending alarm messages It will also allow this phone number to remote control monitor the system The user phone number does not have to be entered during initialization but it is possible to enter it after the initialization has been completed The administrator phone number registration menu is illustrated in table 3 1 where the administrator phone number 29661784 has been entered Notice that since the system is a prototype and not a commercial product only mobile numbers from Denmark are accepted by the system 28 af 166 3 System Analysis 3 7 User manual Administrator Enter Phone number
113. as access to a limited number of features Both the administrator and the user have access to the system using either the local user inter face or the GSM module They can both set a specific temperature and turn the heater on or off and inspect the system status Only the administrator has the possibility of setting the alarm temperature to a specific value and receiving alarms from the system In order to use the product the administrator must enter a phone number that is used to authen ticate incoming commands from the GSM module The phone number also doubles as an access code to the alarm settings For the user to use the system he she is required to enter a user phone number and the number of days the profile is to be active The system will now accept commands from the user as long as the profile is active In the description of the use cases no separation between the two means of interfacing with the system is made The use cases describe the functionality of the system when using both the GSM module and the local interface Actions that are only performed when the GSM module is used is marked with an asterisk The outgoing communication to administrator user can be This value indicates the temperature at which the administrator is to be alerted Consists of both a minimum and a maximum temperature 16 af 166 3 System Analysis 3 4 Use cases established using both the GSM module and the local interface 3 4
114. can reset other devices If reset is asserted alone all external devices are reset without affecting the internal state of the processor RESET and HALT must be asserted at the same time to create a complete system reset HALT is an input and an active signal at this pin will cause the processor to stop bus activity at the end of the current bus cycle In the GSM RCS HALT and RESET are only used to create a complete system reset and are therefore connected to the same reset signal to ensure that they are asserted at the same time Address bus pins The address bus has the pins 41 423 and is therefore a 23 bit address bus There is no Ao on this processors address bus instead the processor has two pins Lower Data Strobe LDS and Upper Data Strobe UDS These two pins will be described in relation with the asynchronous bus control 4 11 2 on page 63 The address bus is capable of addressing 16 Mbytes of data Data bus pins The processors 16 bit data bus has the pins Do D15 The data bus can both accept and send data of word or byte length During an interrupt acknowledge cycle the external device supplies the vector number on data pins Do D Asynchronous bus control pins The Asynchronous bus control consists of AS Address strobe R W Read Write DTACK Data transfer acknowledge LDS and UDS AS is an output that confirms that a valid address is available on the address bus The R W output defines whether the tra
115. chip can be reprogrammed through a flash procedure This procedure is very time consuming and the chip is only guaranteed to about 100 000 writes rewrites Therefore the ROM will be treated as Read Only Random Access Memory is a temporary memory which can be read and written to much faster than the ROM The downside of the RAM is that the content will be lost when power is turned off This is why the final program will be stored in the ROM but all temporary data only needed when the system is operating will be stored in the RAM 4 2 20 Addressing The M68k processor supports addressing in the range from 0x000000 to OxFFFFFF which leaves plenty of addresses for extending the ROM RAM and peripherals in the final system The mapping required for the TS2monitor leaves just enough addresses to address another ROM module continuous in the address space The arrangement can be seen in the memory map in table 4 2 The processor also operates with 23 address pins ranging from A to A23 where most processors would have 24 pins starting from Ao The data bus on the M68k processor operates in 16 bit but can use the data bus in both 8 bit and 16 bit mode and can access both the upper and the lower part of the bus independently Accessing all 16 bits at once will require separate memory modules to be connected to the upper and lower part of the bus Since the ROM and RAM modules only have an 8 bit bus it is necessary to connect them in parallel to e
116. cification 3 5 on page 23 5 12 2 Permanent Implementation Upon completion the system software could be burned to the ROM instead of being run form the RAM through the TS2 monitor This however calls for a close inspection of the software structure and minor adjustments to the code The adjustments are necessary because the interrupt vector initialization and the location of the program code have to be reconsidered In this project the actual implementation of the software into the ROM is omitted since the burning of the ROM only limits the use of the system as monitoring and developing becomes more difficult 5 Software Design 93 af 166 5 12 Implementation The use of the monitor as a means of running the software is preferred since the control of the systems actions and the corrections of any possible errors are much easier when using the monitor Secondly the actual burning of the ROM proves nothing more than the system is operational and in accordance with the performance specification This is demonstrated in the acceptance test in chapter 6 on the next page 5 12 3 Summary In this section the implementation and debugging of the software has been addressed The software has been debugged using the debugging tool TS2 monitor and the software has been loosely tested according to the demands in the performance specification The actual testing of the assembled system and software is addressed in the acceptance test in c
117. ction loop from were the system could not return A new test was preformed using the new system software The results are illustrated in table 6 5 6 Accept tests 99 af 166 6 4 Summary Time System status Reply pattern 09 00 OK 09 30 OK Error 10 00 OK OK 10 30 OK OK 11 00 OK OK 11 30 OK OK 12 00 OK OK 12 30 OK OK 13 00 OK OK 13 30 OK OK 14 00 OK OK Table 6 5 The results of the endurance test version II It is noted that the system reply on the first message was not in accordance with the expected The system was asked to set the set temperature to 35 C but the system responded with a out of range error message The problem was after the test identified to be a wrong default value for the maximum temperature The maximum was set to 35 C which would amount for the error message The value was changed to 40 C in accordance with the performance specifications After the test had finished the system was allowed to run freely to see how long a uptime could be main tained The system suddenly reset at 15 48 The reset was suspicious since all the internal registers of the processor were reset This normally only happens when the reset button is pressed or the system loses power 6 4 Summary From the results of the accept tests it is concluded that the system satisfy the demands specified in the performance specifications This conclusion is drawn
118. d Menu design The function of the menus is to visually communicate information to the administrator user This is done by displaying a series of menus containing information related to the different features of the system The menu path diagram that illustrates the way the different menus are connected can be seen in figure 5 9 The paths and numbers indicate the buttons that must be pressed to reach a specific menu All of the menus consists of individual subroutines that follow the same overall program structure but vary in complexity The administrator user navigates the menus using the keypad Note that the adminis trator is forced to enter the administrator information upon start up reset The administrator information is used during the initialization of the software that takes place after the administrator has finished entering the information Provided that the system is not turned off or reset the normal usage of the local user interface is always initiated by pressing any key on the keypad and navigating the menus beginning from the Main menu Should the administrator need to reset the system i e if the system fails he she must press the reset button and is again required to enter the administrator information The writing of the menus on the LCD is managed by the subroutine MENUMAIN MENUMAIN is incorporated in the main program NORMAL in a way that ensures that the system variables are updated and the other subroutines are per
119. e This requires some extended math but due to limitations in the processor some of the calculations are quite complicated Therefore the calculation must be reduced into fractions and in some cases simplified 88 af 166 5 Software Design 5 8 ADC software 5 8 Structure The ADC software is divided into two parts The actual main code and the math calculations In appendix J the software for the temperature sensor can be seen 5 8 2 Temperature calculation The ADC converts the voltage of the temperature sensor into a binary value which the M68k interprets as a decimal value This value is the number of bit steps from the lower reference and by calculations it can be converted into a temperature in C This temperature is used several places in the system software i e in the control function CONTROL_UP Temperature calculations The calculation of the temperature is based on a simplified calculation that originates from eq 5 1 x LSB Temp Verr TREF 5 1 In the calculation x is the bit size from the ADC From calculations 4 19 on page 50 the voltage per bit LSB is determined to 4 688 10 3V is determined in equation 4 16 on page 50 to 2 53V The Vrer and are the referens pointe used in the equation is set to 2 982V corresponding to the which is set to 25 273 15 K 4 688 10 3 2 53 25 273 159 52 id 2 982V 23 ee 298
120. e but calls several subroutines that manage different tasks An example of such a subroutine could be the ADC that manages the update of the measured temperature The main program can be interrupted by interrupts of different levels in order to manage different tasks The interrupts force the main program to go into exceptions that contain functions related directly to the 5 Software Design 73 af 166 5 5 Program design interrupt in question There are two auto vectored interrupts in the system The GSM module has an interrupt that forces the main program to call the subroutine INPUT GSM that manages the handling of incoming data from the GSM module In the same manner the keypad has an interrupt that forces the main program to call the subroutine AUTO KEY This subroutine manages the incoming information received through the keypad The reset button does not have an interrupt in the common sense It merely forces the M68k to reset and start at a specific address 5 5 Program flow In figure 5 8 the program flow is illustrated The figure illustrates the flow of the main program and the different system tasks e g the subroutines Not all of the subroutines are triggered by interrupts actually most of the subroutines are running continuously without interrupts This functionality is illustrated by the loop that points to the different tasks Some of the subroutines are biased using counters that hinder the routines from being
121. e converted to a digital signal This is achieved by using the ADC analog to digital converter PM0820FP 14 4 6 1 Location The LM335 will be connected to the M68k through the ADC which will be connected to the data bus Because the LM335 is in a TO 92 package it has the advantage of being very inexpensive and takes up very little space LM335 consists of three pins one cathode one anode and one to calibrate the temperature sensor with The cathode is connected to ground and the anode is on Vin of PM0820FP The calibration pin is connected to a adjustable voltage divider which is placed between the anode and cathode When using the PM0820FP it is configured as a standard 8 bit converter 14 p 17 DBO DB7 pins are connected to the data bus and CS RD and INT are connected to the control bus 4 6 2 Functionality description In accordance with the specification demands the sensor has to cover a temperature area of 20 C to 100 C with a resolution of 0 5 C This configuration results in 120 0 5 240 steps This will require an ADC that can handle at least 240 steps By using an 8 bit ADC the wanted resolution can be accomplished An 8 bit ADC can convert a signal into an 8 bit value and has 2 256 steps An 8 bit configuration allows the use of the in relation with the M68k recommended ADC PM0820FP 14 The PM0820FP 14 has a resolution of 8 bits and has a very low conversion time which is ideal since it must be able to
122. e hexadecimal code 0x38 to the data bus multiple times This is done in order to ensure recognition of the code The objective of the next step is to ensure that the display is in the desired mode This code string enables The initializing turns on the cursor and clears the display The display is also forced into an auto increment mode 54 af 166 4 Hardware Design 4 7 Liquid Crystal Display the programmer to set the interface data length the number of display lines and the display font Table 4 13 indicates the code sent to the address bus when initializing function set Setting DL high sets the interface data length to 8 bits i e the 8 bit address bus is used in total length N indicates the number of lines used on the display F sets the used font size i e if F is set high a 5 x 10 dot matrix is used and if F is low a5 x 7 dot matrix is used The following example describes the write cycle involved when displaying the pseudo menu in table 4 11 on the display MENU Temperature set Alarm set Status Table 4 11 Pseudo menu A description of the data flow is illustrated in figure 4 13 The figure describes the reset sequence the initialization and the writing of the word MENU The reason that only the MENU text is written is that the rest of the code follows the same configuration For an elaborate description of the hexadecimal code sent to the display when writing see the software section concerning
123. e local interface works properly Test results The test was executed and the interface works as intended There were glitches but these were corrected 6 2 3 3 6 2 3 Menu system questionnaire The results of the questionnaire are missing This is because the questionnaire was not conducted in the extent described in the test journal in section B on page 108 The reason for this is that the preliminary study of the User manual gave rise to many comments and questions Therefore the Manual was redesigned to respond to the comments This however shifted the time frame of the project and therefore the actual questionnaire could not be preformed 6 2 4 3 6 2 4 Text message syntax questionnaire The questionnaire was not executed in a adequate way The reason for this can be seen in 6 2 3 6 3 System test results The test journal for the system related tests can be found in appendices D on page 114 6 3 1 3 6 3 1 System update test The test is preformed to establish whether the system updates the temperature time and operating status at least every 30 seconds Test results The test was executed and the system updates the temperature time and operating status more than once every 30 seconds Actually the software updates most of the variables continuously as the main program loop NORMAL is executed 98 af 166 6 Accept tests 6 3 System test results 6 3 2 3 6 3 2 Administrator alarm test The test is preform
124. e low cost and already tested peripherals Because of this the M68k has been provided with three bus control signals In the synchronous interface there are three control signals VPA Valid Peripheral Address VMA Valid Memory Address and E Enable 62 af 166 4 Hardware Design 4 11 Microprocessor Communication The VPA is used when a peripheral detects that it is being accessed The peripheral asserts the VPA to indicate that a bus cycle is requested When the processor has recognized that the V PA has been asserted a synchronous data transfer is initiated by the VMA signals VMA is used to inform the peripheral that there is a valid address on the address bus When VMA is asserted it is a response from the M68k of the assertion of V PA by an addressed peripheral The enable output comes from the M68k s own clock input and is a timing cycle required by all 6800 series peripherals 4 11 2 Asynchronous Bus Control Asynchronous Bus Control is more complex than its synchronous counterpart The bus can be run asyn chronously to achieve an independency of the clock frequency Devices that can run asynchronously are designed to operate correctly with processors with no regard to the clock frequency It uses the bus hand shake signals to control the data transfer These handshake signals consist of AS UDS LDS DTACK BERR HALT and VPA 9 AS indicate when the bus cycle begins and the UDS and LDS signals validate the data
125. e subroutines still have to communicate Using the internal registers of the processor free variables and incorporating a series of global variables will however simplify the handling of the variables As a consequence of this the stack will not be used much which further simplifies the flow of the program Main program Subroutine Subroutine Interrupt Figure 5 5 A program structure as uses multiple subroutines and interrupts 5 2 1 Stack The stack is a convenient way to allocate dynamic workspace in a program The stack is usually placed at the top end for the RAM memory as in this project The fact that the stack is dynamic means that it has no predefined size but can expand downwards in memory to meet the requirements of the program The 5 Software Design 69 af 166 5 3 Storage structure size limit for the stack is determined by the amount of memory used for the program and global variables which is placed at the beginning for the RAM Old A6 Old A7 Figure 5 6 A example of a stack where each box is a word The stack uses 2 addresses or pointers to keep track of the current stack These addresses are stored in the internal registers of the processor A6 and A7 A7 points to the highest end of the stack and A6 at the lowest end The size of a stack is determined when the stack is initialized and by the subroutine that grants it When a stack is created the pointers are moved to the new address o
126. eat source Using a digital thermometer the time in which the alarm temperature is reached is determined The time it takes for the system to alarm the user is measured The same approach is used when testing the alarm for 10 C only instead of a heat source a cooling fan is used 3 System Analysis 27 af 166 3 7 User manual 3 6 3 3 System endurance test The system is set to run over a period of four hours In this period of time the system is checked for stability For every half hour four commands is sent to the system The system has to respond correct to the send commands The remote interface is used for this test The details for commands and test execution can be found in the system test journal D on page 114 3 7 User manual The desired functionality of the GSM RCS is illustrated through a user manual that describes the normal use of the system This manual is intended to show the features of the GSM RCS and the group s perception of the system as an idea Preface The GSM RCS is a remote control system designed for remote and local control and monitoring of electrical devices The embedded GSM module allows the system to be accessed using a GSM mobile phone The GSM RCS is not operation ready in the sense that it is only possible to control a mock system that simulates the connection to an actual electrical consumer device The control and monitoring of actual electrical consumer devices are easily implemented but
127. ed into the ROM and therefore there will be no reason to enable the system to activate the WE on the ROM WE is therefore connected to the supply OE is connected to OE on peel 1 which is generated from the R W pin on the processor see section 4 3 on page 43 The RAM is connected in an similar manner but instead of connecting the WE to the supply this is connected to the WE pin on peel 1 which is also generated from the R W pin on the processor Again OE is connected to OE on peel 1 For more information on the RAM check the data sheet 11 p 3 4 2 Memory and Addressing In the minimal system the debugging monitoring program TS2monitor is used The program has a set of requirements that must be fulfilled for the program to work This means that some of the components in the system will be required to respond on certain addresses The addressing requirements are as following 40 af 166 4 Hardware Design 4 2 Memory and Addressing e The TS2 monitor must be allocated to the ROM at address 0x0000 to 0x1200 e The program must have RAM at addresses 0x40000 to Ox40FFF e Serial PC communication on addresses 0x800001 to 0x800003 Additional requirements e Additional RAM and ROM is needed to store and execute the program which the TS2mon is used to debug 4 21 Memory types The name Read Only Memory indicates that the data in the chip is permanent and unchangeable through software However this is not entirely true as the
128. ed to demonstrate that the system can alarm the administrator Furthermore the system response time is measured e g how long it takes the system to alarm the administrator Test results The test was executed and the results are stated in table 6 3 Measurements Alarm time Units 1 10 S 2 6 S 3 18 S 4 8 S 5 14 S 6 9 S Average 4 1 S Table 6 3 The results of the administrator alarm test It is noted the GSM network and not the system software causes most of the delay in the alarming As a result the alarming will vary in response time The software is designed so that an alarm message is sent immediately after the measurement of an alarm temperature 6 3 3 3 6 3 3 System endurance test The test is preformed to demonstrate that the system can operate for a considerable amount of time without failing Test results The system test is preformed in accordance with the test journal D The results are stated in table 6 4 Time System status Reply patteren 11 00 OK 11 30 System failure System failure Table 6 4 The results of the endurance test version I The system failed the first test The failure did not occur in relation to the sending of commands The software was examined and the bug identified and corrected The bug was identified to be an undeleted part of test code located in the GSM software which forced the LCD to reset and enter a fun
129. eive it or it will be lost To disturb the system as little as possible and still be able to serve the GSM module the interrupt routine will only move data to the buffer and count the amount of line feeds that are received KEYPAD Interrupt The KEYPAD interrupt manages the entry from the keypad and stores the entry data This is the only action performed when the keypad is pressed The routine is deliberately kept as small and simple as possible to ensure that the interrupt routine does not become too time consuming 5 6 GSM software In order to use the GSM module in the system there are some basic functions that needs to be created These functions will create the basis for how the rest of the software communicates with the GSM module The main objective is to allow a single function manage all the functions related to the GSM module By this definition the system sets up a series of variables before sending a command to the GSM module The function waits for a response and another function handles the response The actual program code will not be shown in this section the code in this section is pseudo code the actual code can be found in appendix H on page 122 5 6 1 Setting up the ACIA The ACIA has to be set up in order to interact with the system The ACIA is configured to send interrupts when it receives data from the GSM module Furthermore the ACIA has an internal clock divider that is used to control the transfer and receivin
130. elect and ensures that data is not read from the address bus before the data enable is asserted This prevents the display from accidentally reading data from the address bus The M68k has a R W pin that indicates whether the unit is reading from the data bus or writing to the data bus This functionality is utilized to control the R W pin that indicates whether data is being read from or written to the display When initializing the display it is necessary to know whether the display is busy or not This is achieved by using the busy flag BF pin that indicates whether the display is busy with internal operation or ready for communication Table 4 12 describes the BF read operation when BF is high the module is working internally and the next instruction cannot be accepted until BF goes low Rs RW DB7 DB6 DBS DB4 DB3 DB2 DB1 DBO Code 0 1 BF Table 4 12 Busy Flag read don t care Display contrast In order to adjust the contrast of the display the VLC pin is connected to a voltage divider In figure 4 14 the setup is illustrated The used voltage divider consists of a variable resistor R4 and a resistor R9 between GND and positive voltage supply 5 V The used variable resistor is a and the resistor is a 4KQ that gives the following theoretic voltage interval see Eq 4 24 VLC min Vee 4 20 5 g 4 21 VLCmax Vec NM 4 22
131. em must be able to determine the temperature using the temperature sensor with an accuracy of 0 5 C This accuracy is more than enough to enable the control of the temperature using the GSM RCS as a thermostat e The system must be able to alarm the administrator if the temperature reaches the alarm temperature e The set temperature and alarm temperature must be adjustable with 1 0 C accuracy e The alarm temperature must be adjustable within the range 0 80 C e The set temperature must be adjustable within the range 0 40 C e The system must be able to turn the mock system on and off e The system must be able to authenticate the administrator and user access e The system must be able to determine if received commands are consistent with system syntax e The system must alarm the administrator within 120 seconds after the measurement of an alarm temperature 3The implementation of the RS 232 connection is required to perform the initial programming of the system 24 af 166 3 System Analysis 3 5 Performance specifications 3 5 2 Technology driven demands The technology driven demands are the technology related demands for the product The de mands specify general hardware and software features that are necessary in order to design an intuitive and usable system Communications Technology driven demands in relation to the communications between the participants and the system e The LCD should have a resolution o
132. emiconductor Adc0820 8 bit high speed up compatible a d converter with track hold function Datasheet March 2004 Komponenten 15 Siemens 351 at command set Datasheet January 2004 Version 02 07 16 Siemens 351 hardware interface description Datasheet February 2004 Version 02 07 105 of 166 List of abbreviations and terms This list contains the abbreviations and terms used in the report The abbreviations are described only by the full word where terms are described in relation to their meaning in the report Abbreviations e LCD Liquid Crystal Display e RAM Random Access Memory e ROM Read Only Memory e DD RAM Data display RAM e CG RAM Custom character generator RAM e OE Output enable active low e ADC Analogue Digital Converter e LSB Least Significant Bit e MPU Micro Processor Unit e EMC ElectroMagnetic Compatibility Terms e Alarm Temperature The term is used to describe two temperatures selected by the user The temperature consists of a minimum and maximum value that indicates the temperature where the user is to be alerted If the measured temperature reaches either the minimum or maximum value a alarm code is sent to the user e Control Unit The term is used to describe the device that is used to maintain the selected temper ature The device is not designed by the group e SMS syntax The term is used to describe the standard structure of the text
133. en working on PCBs this can be done by placing the data lines as far away from the ground as possible This can be done in the same manner as on figure 8 1 When shielding a cable that is the source of interference radiation can be prevented A conductor carrying Z L f f y Veo fa ff Figure 8 1 Shielding a long conductor a current in free air will emit electric and magnetic fields and cause interference If the shield is grounded at one point the electric fields will not come further than the shield The magnetic fields will however still be emitted By letting a current that is equal and opposite of the conductor flow in the shield the magnetic field will be canceled out This happens because a mutual inductance will occur and neutralize the magnetic fields Thus will all radiated fields be shielded and not interfere with the surrounding envi ronment 10 Another way to prevent EMC is to twist the data cables around each other Datelines emit magnetic fields which will influence other nearby circuits and datelines When twisting two lines that have data going in each direction the self induction will neutralize each other The same thing can be done on PCBs by using jumpers These methods are seen on figure 8 2 lt Figure 8 2 Twisted cables Gennerel improvements The GSM RCS is programmed in such a way that it only allows the use of danish telephone numbers This is done to insure that the sys
134. esigned to handle the data coming in from the GSM module while it is being transferred Therefore the data needs to be stored temporarily in the memory This is done by using a buffer A buffer uses additional space but makes it possible to work with the data in multiple steps This means that data does not have to be analyzed on the fly i e while it is being sent by the GSM module Two pointers located in the processors internal registers control the buffer The first pointer points to the starting point of a string and other points to the end of the string This means that when the system is putting data in the buffer the system uses one pointer and incrementing it for every character received To ensure that the data does not slowly fill up the memory the buffer is reset every time the data in it has been used 5 3 3 TS2 debugger monitor As shown in this section all system software is placed in the RAM This is due to the TS2 debugging monitor s requirements as specified in section 5 4 The debugging monitor is used to test the software without having to burn the ROM before the software is in its final version It is made clear that all the software has to be loaded from an external source and stored in the RAM before every single test In the 72 af 166 5 Software Design 5 4 TS2 Monitor final version of the software the code and all static data will be placed permanently in the ROM memory in order to make the system run with
135. essor asserts the three pins together This means that the processor is in an interrupt routine For more information on the processor status pins see the data sheet 9 table 3 3 p 3 9 Peripheral control pins The M68k has three pins for peripheral control E VMA and VPA E stands for Enable and is an output from the processor E can be used to activate peripheral circuits A single clock cycle of E has the length of 10 M68k clock cycles E is low for six and high for four M68k clock cycles VMA stands for Valid Memory Address and is an output from the processor This pin indicates to the peripheral devices that the address on the address bus is valid and the processor is synchronized with the E signal 36 af 166 4 Hardware Design 4 1 The minimal system VPA stands for Valid Peripheral Address This input indicates that the addressed device or memory is a M6800 familiar device and data transfer should be synchronized with the E signal System control pins The processor has three system control pins BERR RESET and HALT BERR stands for bus error This is a input pin to indicate a bus error in the current bus cycle to the processor There is no bus controller in this system and therefore this input is not used BERR is therefore connected directly to the supply to prevent this signal from being active at anytime RESET is an input output If reset is asserted externally it resets the processor As an output the processor
136. executed every time they are called from the main program NORMAL All of the subprograms contain subroutines though some are more complex that others This section describes the functionality and external interface of the subprograms called from NORMAL System clock update Temperature update GSM module update Alarm update Control update Terminate user profile GSM interrupt KEYPAD interrupt Figure 5 8 Illustration of the program flow Start up Reset The start up Reset function is not actually a program in the common sense It is only listed to indicate the start position of the system initialization Initialize LCD Before the administrator can enter the administrator information the LCD must be initialized This 1s accomplished by configuring the LCD Entry mode and Function set 74 af 166 5 Software Design 5 5 Program design Administrator registration In the actual system program the Administrator registration i e the entering of the administrator in formation is managed by the subroutine MENUMAIN The routine is the standard routine used when navigating the menus in the local user interface The routine runs a series of menus that allow the admin istrator to enter the administrator phone number the GSM PIN code time and date Initialize GSM module The initialization of the GSM module is managed by the routine INIT GSM This routine sets up the GSM module to handle text messages used in the sy
137. f 64 characters 16 4 This allows the design of an intuitive menu setup with 4 lines for menu points e The user interface should be intuitive to use based on a test where a maximum of 10 of the subjects may find it difficult e The text message syntax should be intuitive based on a test a maximum of 10 of the subjects may find it difficult e The incoming SMS commands to the system must have a maximum text length of 15 characters I O devices Technology driven demands in relation to the I O devices e g the temperature sensor and the control unit e The temperature sensor must have a distance to the actual system of at least one meter The sensor must not be placed in the proximity of the system This is due to the fact that the operating temperature of the used MPU is well below the desired maximum measurable temperature In order to secure the functionality of the MPU the temperature sensor and the system is to be placed away from each other System Technology driven demands in relation to the design of the system e The system operating frequency should be 8 MHz in accordance to the recommend MPU clock frequency e The system software should allow room for additional programming in relation to imple mentation of additional features 3 System Analysis 25 af 166 3 6 Performance verification 3 5 3 Default settings The default settings allow the administrator or user to use the product without initializing the
138. f the stack while the old values of the registers are placed in the memory just before the new stack This ensures that when a subroutine is finished the stack pointers can return to the old stack Because the old pointers are saved it is possible to run a subroutine inside another subroutine This is an advantage when working with interrupts where it is not sure that the processor is finished with a subroutine when the interrupt is activated 5 2 2 Summary To get an organized structure in the system software a relatively small main program is used The system is based on the implementation and the use of subroutines and interrupts This makes the program more flexible and allow room for implementation of further features The program structure requires quite a large amount of global variables but since the functionality of the system dictates large amounts of data the use of the stack is mostly omitted This is done because the action of pushing and popping the large amounts of data onto the stack every time a subroutine is run is considered more inefficient and time consuming than using large amounts of variables 5 3 Storage structure Before any actual code is written the division of the memory space is identified This is done to ensure that there are no code variables or data that conflict with each other Furthermore by defining the data space before programming will ensure that the programming of the different subroutines c
139. g baud rates The incoming clock frequency is designed for the ACIA to divide by 16 calculated in section 4 5 3 on page 47 Besides the baud rate the ACIA can send data in several different formates for the GSM module the default format is 8bit data 1 stop bit and no parity and this will be the format used in the designed system The last configuration is of the ACIA interrupt system the ACIA is capable of sending interrupts when it is ready to send and when it has received data To work with the build up of the rest of the software the transmitting interrupt are disable 76 af 166 5 Software Design 5 6 GSM software and the receiving interrupt are enabled As described in section 4 5 on page 45 the ACIA is setup by a control register The register is placed at address B00001 Software functionality The counter divider is set to 16 by setting bit 0 to 1 and bit 1 to 0 The transfer format is set to 8bit data 1 stop bit and no parity Bits 2 4 are set to 1 0 1 for this Transmit control is disabled as the system does not use interrupts to transmit data To disable the transmit interrupt the bits 5 and 6 are set to 0 0 The receiver interrupt is set at bit 7 This gives the set up of the control register as 11010101 or OxD5 Pseudo code SETUP ACIA ACIA CR D5 END 5 6 2 GSM module commands All commands to the GSM module are bounded to a syntax All commands is starting with AT and will be executed with a CR
140. happen when the X2 input is off since Y1 will remain high When the X2 column is scanned X2 goes low and Y1 will go low The low signal on Y1 interrupts the counter and keeps X2 low When 1 goes low it also initiates the key bounce circuit timing and in reality blocks other Y inputs The pressed switch is now outputted as a combination of the frozen counter value and the decoded Y input Once the key bounce circuit times out the data is latched and the DAV output goes high To ensure that data is not placed on the data bus at random the 74C922 encoder 2 features an output enable OE that determines when the data is put on the data bus This is another advantage of using the 74C922 since the OE can be used as chip select When buttons are used in digital circuits there is an imminent risk that the buttons will bounce If the pressed switch bounces during the switch closure Y 1 input will go high again restarting the scan and resetting the key bounce circuit The switch can bounce several times but only if the switch stays low for a period the closure is considered valid 4 8 3 Circuit design The encoder features four data pins and a series of control pins The four data pins are simply connected to the M68k data bus The control pins consist of a DAVBL Data Available and OE In order to ensure a secure data transfer the keypad is designed to support synchronous handshake opera tion To achieve this operation mode a D flip flop i
141. hapter 6 The finished system is not implemented in the ROM but is run using the TS2 monitor This is done since the group sees few advantages and challenges in running the software from the ROM instead of using the monitor 94 af 166 5 Software Design Accept tests The acceptance test is a tool used to investigate whether the designed product meets the demands stated in the performance specification Furthermore the tests are a vital part of the SPU model which this report is build upon The demands for the system can be seen in section 3 5 1 on page 23 The test paragraphs see 3 5 on page 23 has been compiled from the functionality driven demands These test paragraphs are used to execute tests on the system The test executions and circumstances are described in three different test journals and one questionnaire The test results are stated in this chapter but the full details on the tests are stated in the test journals in the appendices The different test paragraphs are stated with their corresponding results 6 1 I O device test results The test journal for the I O devices can be found in appendices B on page 108 6 1 1 3 6 1 1 Temperature measurement I The test seeks to determine whether the temperature sensor can measure the temperature with an accuracy of at least 0 5 C Test results Below are the results from the test In graph 6 1 the collected measurements can be viewed In graph 6 2 the average between the
142. he number of lines is set to four and the font is set to 5x7 pixels To ensure that the commands are accepted by the LCD every command is followed by a wait function WAIT that ensures that the commands are separated by at least 15ms Location modules Many of the menus use several of the LCD lines which call for functions that can control the location of the cursor and move it to a specific location The modules SECOND THIRD and FOURTH move the cursor from its current position to the first character on the second third and fourth line respectively The actual jump is accomplished by sending a location command to the LCD followed by the wait function WAIT 5 Software Design 87 af 166 5 8 ADC software RESET_LCD The module RESET LCD is used to reset the LCD whenever a new menu is to be displayed on the LCD The module sends the reset command 0x01 to the LCD followed by the wait function WAIT ONOFF The module ONOFF is used to determined whether the system is in control mode or in monitoring mode This module is used in relation with PRINT LINE when printing the state of the system in the status menu It checks the first bit in the register D4 that holds the status bit related to the state of the system If the bit is equal to 1 the A6 is set to point to the text string ON If the bit is equal to 0 the pointer is set to point at the text string OFF GSM_ONOFF The module GSM_ONOFF is used to determine whether
143. high or low dependent on the desired action Subsequent the clock i e chipselect is forced high and the state of the control line becomes the output Q 4 9 3 Circuit design In figure 4 17 the circuit is illustrated The used LED L53LI 5 is a small 3mm low current LED Using this type of LED allows the LED to be driven directly from the flip flop without any current amplification The CMOS 4000 family can source about 5mA when supplied by 5V and the LED consumes 2mA with a forward voltage drop of 2V In order to limit the current to the LED a limiting resistor Rypp is implemented in series with the LED The size of the resistor R gp used to limit the current through the LED is calculated using Eq 4 25 Note that V is the source voltage from the flip flop and is the forward voltage drop of the LED is the recommend current through the LED at Vr 2 0V RLED 0 Ve 4 25 LED 5V 2 0V 4 2 2mA 529 1 5 4 27 HEF4013B Figure 4 17 Circuit design of the mock system 60 af 166 4 Hardware Design 4 10 Address Decoding 4 9 4 Summary In this section the design of the mock system has been described The unit consists of a small logic gate configuration and a LED The mock system uses the address pin A and chip select as primary control lines 4 10 Address Decoding To address specific modules in the system it is necessary to decode addresses from the M68k to generate chip select
144. ic 118 of 166 es J Appendix PEEL software G 1 modul title PEEL 1 e PEEL1 E4GR415 PEEL 1 decoder device P22V10 inpu t_pins A18 A19 A20 A21 A22 A23 AS LDS UDS RW pin 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 outp ut pins CS1 CS2 CS3 54 0 14 15 16 17 18 19 H L 1 0 equations CS1 A18 A19 A20 A21 A22 A23 UDS ROM 1 CS2 A18 A19 A20 A21 A22 A23 LDS ROM_2 CS3 20 A21 4 A22 23 A18 19 UDS CS4 A20 3t A21 4 amp A22 A23 3t 1 A18 4 A19 4 LDS CS3 A23 A22 A21 A20 amp A19 A18 A20 amp A19 A18 UDS RAM 1 CS4 A23 A22 A21 A20 amp A19 A18 A20 amp A19 A18 LDS RAM 2 OE RW AS Output Enable WE RW AS Write Enable test vectors A23 A22 A21 A20 A19 A18 AS LDS UDS RW gt CS1 C82 CS3 C84 OE WE CHIPSELECT 1 L L L L L L X H L X L H H H X X CHIPSELECT 2 L L L L L L X L H X H L H H X X CHIPSELECT 3 L L L L L H X H L X H H L H X X L L L L H L X H L X H H L H X X L L L L H H X H L X H H L H X X L L L H L L X H L X gt H H L H X X Wraparound test L L L H H H X H L X H H H H X X CHIPSELECT 4 L L L L L H X L H X gt H H H L X X L L
145. implemented software though not all functions are represented The use cases are purely based on the product s fundamental features and do not describe the internal functions of the system The product can be described using the model illustrated in figure 3 3 There are three different participants in this model the administrator user the temperature sensor and the control unit These participants can influence the system in different ways in accordance to the func tionality of the system The model seeks to illustrate the different ways these participants can interact Note that the system box is a fictitious object which only illustrates the internal structure of the system The system box consists of various elements that manage the communication between the participants System T t t Locale interface Control ON Control OFF Mocksystem Remote interface Alarm set Alarm Status Administrator User Figure 3 3 Model describing the participants in the product The systems user profile consists of an administrator and a user The administrator will typically be the owner of the system and has access to more features than the user This segregation is based on the assumption that the administrator has no interest in letting the user control the alarm temperature since the user is not alarmed by the system The user is typically the person who has rented the house The user only h
146. integration Process integration Module integration Figure 5 1 The sub processes of the software design process The basis of the SPU is a pyramid like structure that enables the programmer to maintain an overview of the design process The structure also divides the overall program into smaller functions These func tions are then divided into even smaller functions ending up with a pyramid structure This allows the branching of a complex program into manageable tasks The task syntax in the process also becomes well defined which gives room for outsourcing In the program design section the overall functionality of the system is described using flowcharts and task handling The overall functionality is divided into sub processes that narrows down the tasks in or der to arrange the processes in modules The individual module objectives are described and the modules are treated as individual programs Similar to the program design the external interface of the modules is described The module design contains a detailed description of the data structures that are contained in the modules The description is based on both pseudo code and actual assembly code 67 of 166 5 2 Program structure 5 2 Program structure There are several ways to structure the execution of the systems functions and there are multiple options to consider when programming the system One of the things to consider is
147. interrupt control pins consist of PLO IPL2 These pins indicate devices requesting interrupts Level 7 is the highest priority and cannot be masked Level zero indicates that no interrupts are requested The interrupt signals must be asserted until the processor signals interrupt acknowledge by asserting FCO FC2 and A A3 4 1 2 Clock generator In order to determine what component to use as a clock signal generator the demands from the processor must be taken into consideration The easiest way to get a clock signal would be from a crystal oscillator Therefore the M68k demands for clock input are compared to data for crystal oscillators The clock signal must be at a constant frequency with a square wave signal The electrical characteristics for the demands and the crystal oscillators are compared in table 4 1 Parameter Demands for M68k MCO 1425 B Pulse width 55 125 ns 50 75 ns Rise fall time 10 ns 15 ns Low signal voltage 0 8 V 0 4 V High signal voltage 22 V 22 4 V Table 4 1 Clock comparison The rise fall time is too slow for the processor but because the oscillator has a margin of minimum 0 4 V compared to the processor for both low and high signals The rise fall time the processor registers on the clock input pin is lower than the value stated in the data sheet for the oscillator Therefore the minimum shiftrate for the processor and the oscillator are calculated to determine
148. iodically executed while the local user interface is used This is accomplished by accessing each menu using a branch function that uses an argument that is linked to a specific menu Whenever a menu is executed the last command sets the menu variable in accordance with the next menu Because MENUMAIN is part of NORMAL the rest of the main program is run before the next menu is printed This could pose a timing problem since the rest of the main program is time consuming This however is not expected to pose any problems since the main program is limited in scale and therefore is quite rapidly executed The actual time consumption will be evaluated at the completion of the system software The flow of the subroutine MENUMAIN in relation to the main program is illustrated in the pseudo code below 84 af 166 5 Software Design 5 7 Local interface software Enter Days active User menu Temperature Control Administrator Reset user Enter Confirm Phone number Back 45 Temperature Current Set Back Administrator Enter Phone number 45 Administrator Enter GSM RCS ES Department AAU 2008 Figure 5 9 Illustration of the menu system that makes up the local user interface Pseudo code MENUMAIN LOAD USER SELECTED MENU FROM D3 GET USER INPUT FROM KEYPAD SET D3 TO NEXT USER SELECTED MENU RETURN TO MAIN LOOP The menus used in MENUMAIN can be divided into four types that are defined by the amount of entries
149. is of the remote communication In order to enable the user to control and monitor the system locally a local user interface is im plemented The local user interface consists of an LCD Liquid Crystal Display and a keypad The reason that an LCD and a keypad are used is that these very versatile elements allows for implementation of further system features without changing the complexity of the user interface The designed system will only be able to control a small mock system and not an actual electri cal device in the common sense The mock system consists only of a controllable digital switch capable of changing between the two logic states high and low This signal is used to control a small LED Light Emitting Diode The mock system could in reality be several devices with dif ferent functionality In the report the mock system for consistency will be regarded as a switch that controls an electrical heater The main focus of the project is five specific features that in this project are illustrated in rela tion to the control and monitoring of the temperature in a holiday home The specific features that are explained in the project are listed below e Remote control of an electrical device Remote monitoring of an electrical device Autonomous monitoring of an electrical device e Autonomous control of an electrical device e Remote alarming in relation to the monitoring of an electrical device In this project the GSM RCS
150. is recommended as these settings might not suit the environment and application in which the system is installed After the initialization has been completed the system returns to normal operation Local Administrator When using the local interface the current system status is displayed on the LCD as shown in 3 5 This menu is displayed on the LCD when the system is in normal operation In the status menu the current temperature time control unit and GSM status is displayed To activate the menu system simply press any key on the keypad C Temp 13 C Control OFF Time 12 30 GSM Online Table 3 5 The menu displayed on the LCD during normal operation Main Menu User 1 Reset user Administrator 3 Table 3 6 The main menu Administrator menu Select the administrator menu by pressing 3 while in the main menu When trying to access the administrator menu administrator or user must enter the administrator phone number to confirm administrator rights The administrator number is the number that was entered during the ini tialization of the system Temperature Default 21 C Select Set enter the desired temperature Entering an invalid temperature out of range or a temperature conflicting with the set alarm temperatures will clear the entered values Please select a different temperature or contact the administrator The menu can be seen in table 3 13 in the User Guide 30 af 166 3 System A
151. is used as a means to control the mock system i e an electrical heater This primary function is accompanied by a series of monitoring and alarm features All the features in the system relate to the control and monitoring of temperature but the same basic procedure could be employed to enable control and monitoring of any electrical device 3 System Analysis 13 af 166 3 3 System specification The five features are mapped into this project in accordance with the list below that state the specific tasks that the system will be able to manage Remote control of the electrical heater using GSM Remote monitoring of the ambient temperature using GSM Continuous monitoring of the ambient temperature Software based thermostat Continuous control of the electrical heater Software based thermostat Remote alarming using GSM in relation to the monitoring of the ambient temperature 3 3 System specification This section describes the administrator user system communication The objective of this sec tion is to identify the different system boxes needed to obtain the desired functionality As mentioned earlier the system is able to handle two types of communication remote and local User Admin Local interface Send status Set temp Turn off control Local interface Gsm interface Set alarm Figure 3 2 System user interfacing As shown in figure 3 2 the user will not have the option to
152. it binary value The reason that an encoder is used is that it saves room on the data bus and it features an embedded data available signal DAV This signal is used with the interrupt encoder to generate the interrupt for the keypad The encoding ensures a far more manageable handling of the data flow from the keypad and implementation of the interrupt signal 4 81 Location The keypad is located on the M68k data bus as a parallel peripheral In figure 4 1 on page 35 the location of the keypad is illustrated 4 8 2 Functionality description The keypad is arranged in a matrix as illustrated on figure 4 13 As illustrated the keypad consists of 3 by 4 switches Theses switches are divided into three columns and four rows When a button is pressed it creates a path between a column and a row The used encoder is specifically designed for a 4 by 4 matrix 4 Hardware Design 57 af 166 4 8 Keypad not a 3 by 4 matrix This is however not a problem since the inputs assigned for the fourth column are simply unassigned X1 X2 X3 X4 Y1 1 2 3 Y2 4 2 6 Y3 7 8 9 Y4 0 Table 4 13 The matrix setup for the keypad Entry mode When the keypad is in static mode i e when no button is pressed the row inputs are pulled high and the column outputs logic low The scan rate by which the columns are scanned is controlled by an oscillator When a button is pressed e g button 1 nothing will
153. king testing and troubleshooting easier PEEL s PEEL 1 and 2 both use several inputs from the address bus and both primarily generate chip select signals PEEL 1 generates chip selects for both RAM and ROM and is therefore placed closest to these PEEL 2 generates chip selects for the peripheral devices which are spread over most of the board Since PEEL 2 takes inputs from the address bus it should still be placed close to the M68k The third PEEL PEEL 3 generates interrupt signals both for the processor and for PEEL 2 It must like PEEL 2 be placed close to the M68k Miscellaneous The sockets marked DIV 1 2 and 3 are sockets used to mount external components needed for some of the chips They are used for larger coupling decoupling bypass capacitors diodes pull up and pull down resistors Div 1 is dedicated to MAX 232 components due to the noise generated in these 66 af 166 4 Hardware Design Software Design In this chapter the basic buildup of the system software the organization of the subprograms the design and the functionality of the software is described 5 1 Design procedure The chapter is based on the SPU model that separates the design process into three sub processes as illustrated in figure 5 1 Using the SPU model allows the logical branching in relation to the functionality of the system Module s Module Module Test Module Test Process Design Program Design Process Design Module
154. lelek P ADMINREG5 F 900001 DISPLAY ON AND CURSOR ON BSR WAIT BSR RESET LCD LEA WRONG TIME A6 BSR PRINT LINE BSR SECOND LEA ENTER A6 BSR PRINT LINE BSR THIRD LEA TIME2 A6 BSR PRINT LINE BSR FOURTH LEA A6 BSR PRINT_LINE MOVE B D0 900001 LOCATION COMMAND FOURTH LINE SOK KK RR KOR KOR k k kk k ENTRY BRA ENTERTIME RTS 4 ADMINISTRATOR REGISTRATION TIME AND DATE FINISHED K OR ok ok ok ok ok ok oF oF oF oF oF oF P ADMINREG3 F 900001 DISPLAY ON AND CURSOR ON BSR WAIT BSR RESET LCD LEA ADMIN A6 BSR PRINT LINE BSR SECOND LEA ENTER A6 BSR PRINT LINE BSR THIRD LEA TIME2 A6 BSR PRINT LINE BSR FOURTH LEA A6 BSR PRINT_LINE MOVE B D0 900001 LOCATION COMMAND FOURTH LINE MOVE L 0 D2 RUNAGIN21 BSR KEYPAD_C THE KEYPAD ENTRY FUNCTION IS RAN CMP L X D5 BEQ RUNAGIN21 ACTIVE21 CMP L A D5 BEQ 21 MOVE B D5 900003 PLACE THE ENTRY ON THE DISPLAY BSR WAITBF ADD L 1 D2 I LCD software 141 af 166 I 1 Main Functions BSR GSMTIME MOVE B D5 A0 CMP L 2 D2 BEQ BREAK1 CMP L 4 D2 BEQ BREAK2 CMP L 6 D2 BEQ BREAK3 CMP L 8 D2 BEQ END21 BRA RUNAGIN 1 BREAK1 MOVE B 3A 900003 BRA RUNAGIN 1 BREAK2 MOVE B 20 900003 BRA RUNAGIN 1 BREAKS MOVE B 2F 900003 BRA RUNAGIN 1 END 1 MO
155. m is activated 4 4 4 Construction The GSM module is a prefabricated module and the diagrams and specifications can be found in the technical documentation 16 The information relating to the RS 232 interface can be found in section 4 5 44 af 166 4 Hardware Design 4 5 RS 232 Connection 4 4 5 Conclusion When using a prefabricated GSM module the hardware design in relation to the GSM module is limited to the RS 232 interface Therefore the only actual hardware design consists of connection between the minimal system and the GSM module 4 5 RS 232 Connection The RS 232 connections are required by the minimum system for communication with the TS2 monitor and the GSM module 4 5 1 Location The RS 232 connection blocks are placed as parallel peripherals for the M68k On figure 4 1 on page 35 the location of the RS 232 connections blocks in relation to the M68k can be seen 4 5 2 Functionality description The RS 232 connection communicates by sending all data bits in a row as illustrated in figure 4 5 Bit Bit Bit Bit Bit Bit Bit Bit Stop O 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Bit Figure 4 5 Serial bit arrangement in relation to RS 232 communication As shown in the figure the signal begins with a start bit and ends with a stop bit These signals are not a single bit but series of bits A series of high bits indicate the beginning and a series of low bits indicate the ending This is the result of using software flow control This
156. me control unit and GSM status is displayed To activate the menu system simply press any key on the keypad User menu Enter the user menu by pressing 1 while in the main menu When using the system for the first time a user must enter his her phone number and the number of days the user will be using the system This is done to enable the user to control the temperature using the remote interface The registration menu is illustrated in table 3 10 The days active menu is illustrated in table 3 11 Note the maximum time a profile can be active is limited to 99 days User Enter user Phone number Table 3 10 The menu displayed on the LCD when entering the user phone number Days active Enter days Active Table 3 11 The menu displayed on the LCD when entering the number of active days 32 af 166 3 System Analysis 3 7 User manual After the user has been setup the User Menu is displayed User menu Temperature 1 Control Table 3 12 The user main menu Temperature Select Set enter the desired temperature Entering an invalid temperature out of range or a temperature conflicting with the set alarm temperatures will clear the entered values Please select a different temperature or contact the administrator Temperature Current 13 C Set 1 Back 2 Table 3 13 The user temperature menu Control Enable or disable temperature control Select on off Enable or
157. messages in relation to communicating with the system using the GSM module e Least Significant Bit The bit in the right hand end of a binary stream e Most Significant Bit The bit in the left hand end of a binary stream 106 of 166 e Control state The term is used to describe the system when it is used as a thermostat e Monitoring state The term is used to describe the system when it only monitors the temperature e Set temperature The term is used to describe the temperature the user or admin has chosen to sustain when the system is in control state A List of abbreviations and terms 107 af 166 Testjournal I O devices B 1 Preface The objective of the test journal is to verify that the I O devices function as intended These tests are to be compared to the performance specifications 3 5 on page 23 The performance specifications are mapped into a test specification which is used to conduct the actual tests Based on the results it is possible to establish whether the performance specification has been met The devices and their test paragraph are listed in 3 6 1 on page 26 B 2 Equipment The I O devices use the same equipment for most of the tests but some extra equipment is needed to test the temperature sensor The items marked with a is only used for this test Type Model AAU nr Power supply Hameg triple power supply HM7042 33906 Laptop Webtech Adjustable heat source lt Digital
158. mock system should be turned on or off simulating turning a heater on or off 5 11 1 Adjusting Temperatures The temperature control is in a many ways similar to the alarm update The temperature control compares the current temperature to the set temperature Since temperatures tend to fluctuate and the fact that the temperature sensor also might flicker between different temperatures the temperature control needs to have a dead zone The dead zone is a small temperature range around the set temperature where the function ignores if the current temperature is not the exact set temperature This is a necessity since the administrator user has no interest in having a heater turning on and off several times per minute nor will the heater be very effective operating in this manner Therefore the dead zone is designed so the function allows the temperature to rise 1 C over the set temperature and then allow it to fall 1 C below the set temperature before reactivating the mock system Software function The first action is to determine whether the temperature control is enabled or not If not the function is terminated immediately If temperature control is enabled the function loads the temperature the system tries to obtain If the current temperature is higher than or equal to SET TEMP 1 the mock system is turned off If this is not the case the function determines whether the current temperature is lower than or equal to SET TE
159. n AUTOKEY that saves the converted entry from the keypad as the variable entry whenever a button is pressed Before returning to MENUMAIN the menu argument is updated in accordance with the choices displayed in the menu and the entry 5 7 2 Program modules In this section the functionality of the program modules used in MENUMAIN are described The code related to the LCD is located in appendix I 1 on page 136 PRINT_LINE PRINT_LINE is the standard module for printing characters to the LCD In order to use the module it is necessary to set the pointer A6 to point at the beginning of a text string Each character of the string is then printed to the LCD one by one until the end of the string This is accomplished by incrementing the pointer one bit at a time and printing the content of the address to the LCD To ensure that the LCD can keep up with the processor the LCD busy flag is read before a character is sent to the display In order to determine if the end of the string is reached all the text strings are ended with 0x00 Before the character is printed to the LCD it is compared to 0x00 and the module terminates if the character is in fact NULL INIT_LCD INIT_LCD covers the initialization of the LCD The module sends a series of commands to the LCD us ing the address bus The LCD is reset twice and Entry mode is initialized along with Function set Entry mode is set to auto increment right Function sets 8 bit data length t
160. n system In several new houses a similar system based on PLC technology is implemented in order to control and monitor the electrical devices in the house The downside to these systems is that they are mostly implemented in relation to new construction In future versions of the GSM RCS the same approach could be taken since this would ease the implementation of sensors and the control of several devices in the house The main focus of this evaluation is the problems related to implementing a wire based system in an existing house EMC In relation to the EMC problems the GSM RCS does not fully comply with the regulations required to market the device In fact the GSM RCS does not or only in some degree comply with the requirements for proper EMC design Different methods are used to make sure that a MPU system does not interfere with the surroundings and vice versa Among others shielded cables grounded planes and twisted cables are used to protect the surrounding environment from the emission of magnetic fields from digital circuits The shielding of the system from the surrounding environment which is the most critical problem when working with digital circuits is normally build into the casing of the system This however is only part of the solution since special care to the system environment must be taken into consideration when design 103 of 166 ing the actual print of the system Long connections must be shielded properly Wh
161. nalysis 3 7 User manual Alarm Default 0 C 80 C Select Set enter the desired temperature When one of the set alarm temperature is exceeded the system will send an SMS stating the current status of the system including the temperature to the administrator Notice that setting the alarm temperature will limit the Set Temperature to be within this limit The Alarm tem perature can not be set so the currently set temperature is outside the limit The user does not receive alarm information and is not able to change the alarm settings Alarm menu Current 0 C 35 C Set 1 Back 2 Table 3 7 The alarm menu displaying the default alarm temperature settings Control Select on off Enable or disable temperature control By disabling the temperature control the system enters monitoring mode In this mode the system will only monitor the temperatures and dispatch alarms if alarm limits are exceeded The menu can be seen in table 3 14 in the User Guide Remote Administrator Following is a listing of available administrator commands Some of these are the same as those available to the user Administrator specific commands requires the SMS to be sent from the phone number entered as the administrator phone number Action Command System SMS response Obtain system status status System is online Current Temperature xx Temperature control is On Off Alarm range is xx yy Activate system a
162. nctionality of a system capable of doing so Asa consequence the mock system consists only of a switch with no real functionality other than switching a LED on and off 4 91 Location The mock system is located on the address bus as a parallel peripheral On figure 4 1 on page 35 the location of the mock system is illustrated 4 9 2 Functionality description The objective of the mock system is to enable the control of a LED using only one bit on the address bus A and a chipselect The use of only one control line give rise to two possible static states logic 1 and 0 The circuit must however be able to remember the state of the control line as it is only strobed 4 Hardware Design 59 af 166 4 9 Mock system during initialization This memory type functionality is achieved using a D flip flop The mock system is constructed as illustrated on figure 4 17 The clock CLK is strobed when configuring the mock system and the truth table in table 4 14 is achieve The table is consistent with the desired functionality of the unit where the state of the control line D is kept as output Q even when D returns to a different state It is noticed the state of Q before the strobeing is irrelevant Pin Control line address bus 1 Q output Qnext State 1 X 1 State 0 X 0 Table 4 14 The truth table for the mock system When the system is to turn the LED on or off the control line Address bus pin is set
163. nd set temperature settemp xx Temperature Control Enabled Stop thermostat operation and return to stop Temperature Control Disabled monitoring mode Set the alarm temperatures setalarm xx yy Alarm range has been set to xx yy Turn off alarm function alarm off Alarm disabled Table 3 8 SMS syntax table The signs is not a part of the syntax 2 digit number representing the temperature in C xx is a 2 digit value representing the low alarm temperature and yy is a 2 digit value represents the high alarm temperature 3 System Analysis 31 af 166 3 7 User manual Error Message Explanation Syntax Error Syntax error in the SMS send to the system Alarm Temperature is out of range Alarm temperature is set out of the given range You are unauthorized Unauthorized user sends a SMS to the system Set Temperature is out of range The set temperature is out of range Alarm Temperature conflicts with Set Temperature is outside Alarm temperature limits Set Temperature The set Temperature conflicts with The set temperature is in conflict with the alarm temperature Alarm Temperature Table 3 9 Error Messages 3 7 2 User guide Local User Options When using the local interface the current system status is displayed on the LCD as seen in table 3 5 This menu is displayed on the LCD when the system is in standby mode In the status menu the current temperature ti
164. nd set temperatures are loaded by the function followed by the current temperature When this is done the current temperature is compared to the maximum temperature If the current temperature equals or exceeds this value and alarm is dispatched If no alarm is detected the current temperature is compared to the minimum temperature If the current temperature is below or equal the minimum temperature an alarm will be dispatched 90 af 166 5 Software Design 5 10 Terminate user Pseudo code LOAD MIN AND MAX TEMPERATURES START COMPARE MIN_TEMP WITH CUR_TEMP IF CUR TEMP gt MAX TEMP GO TO ALARM ELSE IF CUR TEMP MIN TEMP GO TO ALARM ELSE GO TO END ALARM SEND ALARM SMS END END 5 10 Terminate user The terminate user function is used to terminate the user profile from the system when the days active has elapsed The function must be able to detect when a day has passed even if the user is using the menus at the time the clock indicates a day has passed The function will detect a day has gone at midnight but the user should not be terminated until 12 00 The function is only executed if an user is active It is noted that the user profile can always be terminated from the main menu on the local interface 5 10 1 Detection of days elapsed Every time the function is executed it will check the system time to see if it is past midnight If the clock has passed midnight since the last check the function will upda
165. nd the heat source is turned on A stop watch is used to measure how often the temperature is updated Only the temperature is measured since the update of the temperature is the slowest of the updates The actual timing is hard to measure since the update happens quite rapidly 4 2 83 6 3 Administrator alarm test In this test itis tested whether the system can alarm the administrator if the temperature reaches the alarm temperature Test procedure This test is preformed along the GSM test in the communication test journal C on page 111 D 4 3 3 6 3 3 System endurance test This test is designed to determine whether the system can operate for a considerable amount of time without failing Test procedure For this test the system is set to run in 5 hours Every hour the following 4 commands are sent to the system Set alarm temperature set temperature user status user and set alarm un authorized For all the commands sent to the system the system reply is noted The reply is dependent on the com mand but the actual content temperature etc of the command is not addressed further The main objective is to test if the system response as expected and that the system does not fail D Testjournal System 115 af 166 Questionnaire Intuitivity test of GSM RCS Introduction This questionnaire is developed to determine the user friendliness of the GSM RCS GSM Remote Control System Therefore some te
166. ned to handle I O devices Functionality driven demands in relation to the I O devices e g the temperature sensor and the control unit e The temperature sensor must be able to measure the temperature within the interval 20 100 C The range is based on an evaluation of the relevant environment temperature The range is obviously not feasible under normal operation in a holiday home e The keypad must be a numeric type keypad with the numbers 0 to 9 e The LCD must be able to display the menus related to the local user interface 3 System Analysis 23 af 166 3 5 Performance specifications Communications Functionality driven demands in relation to the communication between the participants of the system e The administrator or user must be able to communicate with the product using a GSM module e The product must be able to communicate with a monitoring PC using a RS 232 connec tion 4 5 e The GSM module must be able to send and receive text messages e The administrator or user must be able to communicate with the system using a local interface e The local interface must consist of an LCD and a keypad e The LCD must be able to display system information e g alarm temperature current temperature and operating mode System Functionality driven demands in relation to the design of the system e The system must update the temperature time and operating status at least every 30 sec onds e The syst
167. not pursued further Some of the additional features are addressed in the future plans 8 on the facing page 102 af 166 7 Conclusion Future plans The finished product only features a fraction of the features the GSM RCS as a commercial product would contain Several steps could be taken in order to expand the usability of the GSM Remote Control System Some of these steps are described in the section The section also addresses the additional features that could be implemented in the system to expand its versatility Additional features As of this moment the GSM RCS is only designed to monitor one sensor and control one device the temperature sensor and the mock system A way to make the system more versatile would be to develop the system into a modular system which allows implementation of several sensors and the control of several devices This could make the system even more fit for use in holiday homes since the additional features could be specially designed for this use Examples of additional implementations could be additional temperature sensors and alarm sensors of different types The alarm sensors could cover fire alarms and burglar alarms and other safety related sensors Sensor mobility When setting up the GSM RCS system at home it would be ideal that temperature sensor could be placed at strategic places in the household This would call for either a wireless temperature sensor system or a more versatile connectio
168. ns related to Usecase 3 Normal system sequence 1 Administrator or user requests system status 2 Used mobile number is compared to authentication list 3 Text message syntax is compared to system syntax 4 Temperature sensor measures current temperature of the surroundings 5 System status is sent to administrator or user Case exceptions 1 Authentication 2 Syntax error 3 Network failure 3 System Analysis 19 af 166 3 4 Use cases 3 4 4 Use case 4 Set alarm temperature Case objective The administrator wishes to change the alarm temperature The alarm consists of a maximum and a minimum temperature If the system measures a temperature outside this interval an alarm is issued to the administrator phone number Participants Administrator Local interface System Administrator m Remote interface eae Figure 3 7 Illustration of the participants and functions related to Usecase 4 Normal system sequence 1 Administrator sets alarm temperature 2 Used mobile number is compared to authentication list 3 Text message syntax is compared to system syntax Set temperature is compared to legal temperature range 5 Confirmation is sent to administrator 6 System returns to normal operation mode Case exceptions 1 Temperature range N Set temperature conflict 3 Authentication A
169. nsfer cycle on the data bus is read or write DTACK is an input used to tell the processor when a data transfer is complete When the processor reg isters DTACK during a read cycle the data is latched and the cycle is terminated If DTACK is registered during a write cycle the cycle is terminated LDS and UDS are outputs and control the flow of data on the data bus The system memory is arranged in 8 bit banks These banks are connected to the data bus so one bank has the lower 8 pins on the data bus and the other bank has the upper 8 pins LDS and UDS selects the valid data bits on the data bus More information on the data strobe control and the data bus can be found in the data sheet for the processor 9 p 3 4 amp 3 5 4 Hardware Design 37 af 166 4 1 The minimal system Bus arbitration control pins The bus arbitration control consists of three pins BR bus request BG bus grant and BGACK bus grant acknowledge BR is an input which tells the processor that another device needs to become bus master BG is an output which indicates to other devices that the processor will release bus control at the end of the current cycle BGACK is an input that indicate to the processor that another device has become bus master The bus arbitration control is not used in this system and these three pins are connected to the supply in order to prevent them from becoming active at any time Interrupt control pins The
170. odel but the actual report is divided into two separate stages the design and implementation of the hardware and the design and implementation of the software I e two v shaped processes are used one related to the hardware and one related to the software This duality is not illustrated on figure 3 1 as this only deals with the general structure of the project 12 of 166 3 2 System overview The SPU model is normally used when a product is developed in collaboration with a com pany Though this project does not have this resource the model is a good tool in relation to planning the project and the tasks related to its development The project s lack of a company partner also entails that the analysis is based primarily on different use cases which describe the usage of the product 3 2 System overview In this section the general functionality of the system will be outlined Because the system must handle large amounts of data and function autonomously when not controlled by the administrator user an MPU is implemented to manage the operation of the system The MPU also enables the implementation of various system features solely through software thereby simplifying the overall design of the system The remote communication is achieved using the GSM network that is normally used for mobile phone communication The group intends to employ a GSM module capable of transmitting and receiving text messages These messages form the bas
171. only requires 2 active pins to communicate on the RS 232 connections Setting up the M68k to use serial communication the ACIA circuits is handled by the PEEL In this circuit design it is assumed that the M68k is correctly setup when the RS 232 blocks are activated 4 5 3 Circuit design To make serial communication possible for the system an ACIA compatible with the M68k is used The ACIA converts 8 bit parallel data into serial data rows The ACIA used in this project is the model 6850 8 The 6850 has a 8 bit data bus along with the control pins seen in table 4 6 4 Hardware Design 45 af 166 4 5 RS 232 Connection Pin Name Function E Enable R W Read Write TxCLK Transmit Clock CSO CS1 CS2 Chip select Reg Sel Register select Table 4 6 ACIA control pins The enable pin E is connected directly to the E pin on the CPU The CS pins are for the addressing which are controlled by the PEEL circuits as described in section 4 3 Along with the register select pin the Read Write pin controls which register to work with as shown in table 4 7 Reg Sel R W Register 1 0 Tx Data Register 1 1 Rx Data Register 0 0 Control Register 0 1 Status Register Table 4 7 ACIA Registers Configurating the ACIA is done by writing to the control register When this option is selected the data bus is used to setup the ACIA Each pin has its own function when configurating the ACIA These func
172. out the debugger software This means that all variables that is not predefined and will be edited by the administrator user or by the software itself will have to be placed in the RAM 5 4 TS2 Monitor In order to debug the system software during development a debugger system is used The TS2 Monitor is a debugger monitor program that can be burned on the ROM of a MPU system When the system boots the TS2 monitor is initialized which gives the programmer a range of features without having any operating software The TS2 monitor allows the programmer to read and write to the memory modules and call any address on the address bus This is very useful to test whether the chip selects are working correctly and whether the read write functions is working for the RAM The TS2 monitor also allows the programmer to upload code to the memory of the system and to run it from there This a very useful function when testing software and or functionalities in the system When testing larger portions of software it can be difficult to identify errors when it is running real time Therefore the TS2 monitor allows the programmer to add breakpoints to the software The programmer can through commands add and remove break points in the code When the processor reaches these breakpoints the code will be paused and the TS2 monitor will allow the programmer to view the status register internal registers and read memory addresses Afterwards the code can be
173. perature is out of range The set temperature is out of range The set Temperature conflicts with The set temperature is in conflict with the Alarm Temperature alarm temperature administrator set Table 3 17 Error Messages 34 af 166 3 System Analysis Hardware Design This chapter describes the design phase of the hardware which consists of different key modules For this semester it is required that each group creates a running minimal system Therefore the first modules described in this chapter are those of the minimal system Afterward the rest of the hardware needed to create the remote control system is described and added to the minimal system The needed hardware is in accordance with the demands in section 3 5 A block diagram has been created to visualize the different blocks of both the complete system and the minimal system This block diagram is shown in figure 4 1 This makes it easy to see which modules are included in the minimal system and which are specific for the functionality of this system omplete system Le uL ss bus Figure 4 1 Block diagram of the minimal system 4 1 The minimal system The main blocks in the minimal system are shown in figure 4 1 The minimal system is marked and the components are described in this section 35 of 166 4 1 The minimal system 411 CPU The CPU or processor is the unit which accepts and executes commands from the memory The s
174. project The remaining 8 bits on the microprocessor data bus are in this case unused 4 7 1 Location The LCD is located on the address bus as a parallel peripheral In figure 4 1 on page 35 the location of the LCD in relation to the M68k can be seen 4 7 2 Functionality description In this section the structure and functionality of the LCD is described in relation to the M68k The first part of the section describes the pin connections and their functions The second part describes the communication between the M68k and the LCD Pin connection The internal circuitry of the LCD is illustrated on figure 4 11 The pin connections are described in table 4 9 52 af 166 4 Hardware Design 4 7 Liquid Crystal Display Pin Description DBO DB7 Data pins E Data input enable used as strobe When E is low no data is read of the address pins When E is high the display is open for communication R W Read Write When R W is low the display is in write mode and when it is high it is in read mode RS Register Select When RS is low the display is open for introduction commands When RS is high character can be sent to the data register VDD Positive supply voltage pin 5V VLC Display contrast pin effectively connected to a voltage divider VSS Ground Table 4 9 Pin connection for the display DB
175. r faster than the M68k 4 12 Implementation After designing the circuits and the wrap diagram the board layout can now be designed The electronics has been fit close together for two reasons The first reason is that the circuits LCD and keypad can be fitted on a single plane circuit board Secondly a tight circuit placement also ensures short wiring which minimizes problems caused by reflections of digital signals in the wiring 4 12 1 Reflections Reflecting signals occur when a digital pulse travels though a wire which is not impedance adapted This can cause the signal to reflect a fraction of the sent signal back when it arrives at the receiving end of the wire In worst cases the reflected signal will either cancel out the incoming signal or resonate with it effectively doubling the voltage at the receiving end In the first case no signal will be detected preventing the circuits to perform as expected the second case will most likely cause the receiving chip to be overloaded Reflections happen when a wire reaches a certain length depending on the signals wavelength This wire length is quite long for the signals being transmitted in this project Since the design ensures very short wiring the problem will not be addressed further 64 af 166 4 Hardware Design 4 12 Implementation ROM 2 AM29F010 LCD 919800 199 o5 r amp lt Keypad 455971701 eee 919800v
176. r for the message stored on the SIM card By sending the AT CMGR command and the index number the GSM module will send the message to the system buffer Here the system will wait for five line feeds When the entire message is received a function will find the phone number and save it in a temporary variable After the number is saved the number is compared to the stored numbers for user and administrator The function will set a different bit flag depending on whether the message comes from a user administrator or an unknown user if the used phone number is not authorized the system will respond with an error message If the system recognizes the number the system will temporarily move the start pointer of the buffer to the second line feed which is where the messages begins Then CMP_ANS is run to determine which subroutine to execute Pseudo code START READ_SMS SET POINTER TO READ COMMAND SEND_ST_GSM SET POINTER TO MSG_NR SEND_ST_GSM FIND_NR CMP_NR SET POINTER TO SMS START CMP_ANS END END 5 6 10 Deleting text messages The system will delete messages when they have been handled This is done to prevent the SIM card from filling up Software functionality The function will send the AT CMGD along with the storage index of the message to the GSM module After the command is sent the system will wait for two line feeds to be received and execute the CMP ANS function to confirm that the system responded with OK OK confirm
177. rcuits for microprocessors and the datasheet states that a capac itor is in control of the reset time of the circuit The following formula is given ta 1 3 10 Cr 4 5 Since the reset time is known the size of the capacitor is the only missing parameter This parameter can be extracted from equation 4 5 and the value for the capacitor Cr is calculated to 14 Cr 73 408 Un 100ms 13 104 Ped 7 69uF 4 8 Unfortunately there is no capacitor with this value so therefore the used capacitor will be the nearest larger model A 10 uF capacitor is used to control the reset time 4 Hardware Design 39 af 166 4 2 Memory and Addressing 4 1 4 Memory The system has two types of memory ROM Read Only Memory and RAM Random Access Memory The ROM contains the program code The processor loads the program from the ROM and then uses the RAM as temporary storage space for the different variables in the software The ROM used in this system is AMD s Am29F010 with a capacity of 131 072 x 8 bits The used RAM K6T4008CIC is made by Samsung and has a capacity of 512 000 x 8 bits The pin connections for the RAM and ROM are shown in diagram 4 4 The RAM and the ROM have most of the pins in common The RAM has two pins more for 1 Vec A18 10 32 VC
178. re using subroutines gives a procedure in the execution of the program that makes it ideal to use the stack to store the used variables The concept of the stack is addressed in section 5 2 1 Main program Subroutine Subroutine Figure 5 3 Program spiced up with subroutines 68 af 166 5 Software Design 5 2 Program structure Standard Interrupts Interrupts works in the same manner as a subroutine except it is initiated by an external signal This can for an example be an I O device that needs to be managed Each interrupt is given a certain level related to how important it is For example input from a keypad would have a relatively high masking level This is done to ensure that the task is attended to as fast as possible If the system has relatively few interrupt functions it is possible to use auto vectored interrupts This means that every time a specific interrupt is triggered a certain piece of code is run The program can only contain 7 interrupts when using auto vectored interrupts on the M68k Main program Interrupt Figure 5 4 Hardware interrupt incorporated Combined program structure By combining subroutines and interrupts the main program can be a relatively small loop where subrou tines only will be executed when the conditions are right This structure also allows the I O devices to interrupt the main program By minimizing the main program the number of local variables is reduced since th
179. resumed For more troublesome software errors the TS2 monitor supports single stepping through the code In this way the programmer can see what happens for every step and identify why the code is not running as intended 5 5 Program design In this section the overall functionality of the system will be described The objective of the section is to divide the system program into sub processes 5 5 1 Program overview In accordance with the project analysis on page 3 the system contains several participants that can in fluence the state of the system These participants and their interactions form the basis of the system functionality These interactions are used when designing the system program as the use cases can be transformed into program modules The program consists of a main program that contains all the additional subroutines needed to obtain the desired functionality When the system is turned on the main program calls the initialization subroutines INIT LCD that ini tializes the LCD The next routine that is executed is the MENUMAIN that allows the administrator to enter the information necessary to initialize the GSM module The next routines GSM and INIT BUFFER manages the initializing of the GSM module and the buffer After the initialization has been executed the main program calls the normal operation routine NORMAL that is running continuously The normal operation routine contains a minimum of actual cod
180. rik Christoffersen Rasmus Birkelund Nielsen 5 of 166 Contents 1 Preface 5 2 Introduction 11 3 System Analysis 12 3 1 Project structure procedure 12 3 2 System overview 9x s o ee 13 3 35 Systeni specification Ludov acu o dog as c dete ad ape Au RU 14 3 4 Use cases d Pep db eene e Dew 3 eu 15 3 5 Performance specifications 23 3 6 Performance verification 26 37 User manual ERE REIR GREG ute y s Y ee a 28 4 Hardware Design 35 Theminimalsystem oem a umo A SU eem qw US 35 4 2 Memory and Addressing 40 3 ane Hees Be che RR AS SOR d E 43 44 GSM module l shoe ee ae ee rey a gere eye deo Ee 43 4 5 RS 232 Connectiol x aug ex e e Ribas d rue des 45 4 6 Temperature Sensor and ADC 49 47 Crystal Display i oia e e e a e a a a e a E e 52 4 8 Keypad amy ue DR GR E RIEN Ge Uu be EUROS ANES 57 4 9 Mock system e wm oe RU AUR ds Tue 59 4 10 61 4 11 Microprocessor Communication 62 7 of 166 CONTENTS 4 12 Implementation a ea eu Ca 64 5 Software Design 67 5 1 Design procedure 67 5 2 Program structure ee
181. s This is implemented by using a MAX232 7 The MAX232 is a line driver receiver that by means of 4 capacitors converts the logical voltages levels from the ACIA to 10 V as are usable the RS 232 connection Baud rate In this section two RS 232 connections are made The only difference between these are the transfer rate The GSM module runs with a bit rate of 19200bps where the TS 2 monitor uses 9600bps In this project an oscillator is used to generate a 4 915 200H z signal F Baudrate 4 9 ACIAdivider counterdivider 4 915 200 19200 4 1 16 16 9200Baud 4 10 4 915 200 This signal is divided partly by means of a counter and partly by the internal function of the ACIA The ACIA is set to divide the frequency by 16 and the counter divides by 16 for the GSM connection and by 32 for the TS 2 connection Circuit schematic The finished circuit design is shown in figure 4 8 where all connections and components are placed in the right order The integration of this part of the system will be described in section 4 12 4 Hardware Design 47 af 166 4 5 RS 232 Connection P1 Gsm P2 TS 2 CON DB9 CON DB9 vetet 2 2 OUT OSC14A 4 9152M g d 544446 6 103 SES Q 1u 0 1u 4
182. s implemented as shown in figure 4 16 The result of this configuration is that when a button is pressed the data available goes high Whenever the M68k is ready to handle the data the encoder is chip selected At this point the data is put on the data bus 3The switch produces several logic high signals even if only pressed once The effect is caused by the physical design of the switch 58 af 166 4 Hardware Design 4 9 Mock system HEF4013B U16A MM74C922 U6 Control bus Figure 4 16 Keypad circuit design In order to control the scan rate and the debounce period two capacitors are connected to the encoder The capacitor Cosc controls the scanrate Fican and Cxgy controls debounce period In accordance with the datasheet the values Cosc 0 1luF and Cggm 1 0uF are chosen This results in a scanrate Fscan 1500Hz and debounce period 0 015 4 8 4 Summary In this section the design of the keypad has been described The 3 by 4 keypad is accessed using an encoder that enables synchronous handshake operation 4 9 Mock system In this section the design of the mock system will be described The function of the mock system is to simulate a consumer product that is to be controlled by the GSM RCS In reality the mock system could consist of various products that could be turned on and of by the system However the main focus of the project is to control a specific device but to show the fu
183. s that the message was deleted If the GSM module sends any other response the system will try again until the proper response is received Pseudo code START READ_SMS 11 SET POINTER DELET COMMAND SEND_ST_GSM CMP_ANS IF 1 JUMP TO L1 END END 5 Software Design 83 af 166 5 7 Local interface software 5 7 Local interface software This section describes the design of the software related to the local user interface and contains a descrip tion of the general program design based on the functionality of the related devices It also deals with the process design of the individual modules The interface consists of two parts the LCD and the keypad The LCD is a part of the local user interface and is placed on the address bus Its write address is placed on address 900003 and the control address is located on 900001 Whenever commands or data are to be sent to the LCD these two addresses are used The LCD software uses a series of registers and local variables The global variables are listed in table 5 1 on page 71 and the local variables are listed as they are used in the program code The keypad is the other part of the local user interface and it allows the administrator user to enter data to the system The keypad is placed on the data bus and the control address is placed on address A00001 The keypad has interrupt level 5 and is therefore the highest masked interrupt in the system 5 7 1 Program an
184. s to be further developed these changes should be taken into consideration in order to design a smooth running system 104 af 166 6 Future plans Bibliography 1 Alan Clements Microprocessor Systems Design PWS Publishing Company third edition 1997 ISBN 0 534 94822 7 2 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation 16 key encoder Datasheet October 1999 3 Seiko Instruments GmbH Liquid crystal displays standard character modules application notes Datasheet AN No SIG CHMO9805A 4 ICT Peel 22cv10a 7 10 15 25 cmos programmable electrically erasable logic device Datasheet 5 Kingbright T 1 3 4 5mm low current led lamps Datasheet Komponenten 6 Komponenten Standard keypad Datasheet 7 MAXIM 5v powered multichannel rs 232 driver receivers Datasheet 04 2004 Rev 13 8 Motorola Asyncronous communication interface adapter Datasheet http kom aau dk ylm e4 MC6850 pdf 9 Motorola M68000 8 16 32 bit microprocessors user s manual Datasheet 1993 Ninth Edition 10 Henry W Ott Noise Reduction Techniques in Electronic Systems John Wiley amp Sons 2 edition 1988 ISBN 0 471 85068 3 11 Samsung Samsung k6t4008c cmos sram datasheet Datasheet April 1999 V 1 0 12 National Semiconductor Precision temperature sensors Datasheet May 1999 Komponenten 13 National Semiconductor 3 terminal adjustable current source Datasheet March 2000 Komponen ten 14 National S
185. sage This is done to make the CMP_ANS function look at the SMS instead of the whole response line from the module Activation string Description alarm off Disables the alarm function Clear control status bit status Sends a Status SMS settemp Saves the arguments setalarm Saves the arguments Table 5 7 Accepted orders in SMS messages Described later in this section All text message triggered commands sends a confirmation back to the administrator user All commands are scanned for conflicts in variables and for syntax errors The scan will trigger the sending of an error message if any abnormalities are detected 5 6 7 Sending text messages To send text messages the system needs to send a command a phone number and the message to the GSM module To minimize the function code the function will use the earlier described functions 5 Software Design 81 af 166 5 6 GSM software Code function To send a text message the command AT CMGS is sent to the GSM module This is done by setting a pointer to the command in the data area and running the SEND_ST_GSM subroutine The same approach is used with the number To get the command syntax right it is needed to send a lt CR gt character after the number After this the CMP_ANS function will be triggered to make sure the GSM module is ready for the message before transmitting it Pseudo code START SEN_SM
186. set In the jump menus the cursor is set not to blink and in the entry menus the cursor is blinking The next action is the actual printing of the menus that is accomplished be sending a series of ASCII characters to the LCD The text lines used in the menus are stored in the RAM memory beginning from address 45000 They are stored as text strings that end with 0x00 This eases the printing of the menus as the 0x00 is used as a stop bit The actual printing function PRINT_LINE is described later on If the menu contains variables these are updated This is accomplished by printing the variables on their respective location in the menu using jump commands to move the cursor to the right place The next action is that the routine waits for the administrator user to make an entry If no entry is made within 20 seconds the menu returns to the main program and sets the menu variable so the next menu printed on the LCD is the status menu The specific menu in question determines the processing of the entry from the 86 af 166 5 Software Design 5 7 Local interface software keypad The input from the keypad is obtained using the subroutine KEYPAD C that identifies the entry using a series of compare functions Before returning the entry is converted to a number between 0 and 9 or This conversion is necessary since the encoder used in relation to the keypad encodes the pressed buttons The actual entry is managed by the interrupt functio
187. smitting or receiving DD RAM data Set 10 Data Write to CG RAM or 1 0 Write Data Writes data into DD RAM or CG RAM DD RAM 11 Data Read from CG RAM or 1 1 Read Data Reads data from DD RAM or CG RAM 40 um DD RAM tapp 6um w hether display will be shifted w hen data is written or read cursor C and makes cursor position column start blinking B Moves cursor and shifts display w ithout changing DD RAM contents Sets interface data length DL the duty N and character fonts F BB Tums ON OFF total display D and Figure 4 12 Command interface in relation to the LCD When text is to be shown on the display the microprocessor sends a series of hexadecimal codes to the LCD s address bus after initialization The initialization can contain several stages but as a minimum consists of the following three steps described in table 4 10 Step name Description Display sequence The display is reset and forced into a known state Entry mode set Determine the way the characters are incre mented on the display Function set Determine the used data length 8 bit charac ter font and number of display lines Table 4 10 Minimum initialization steps for the LCD Whenever the display is turned on or reset it must be initialized to ensure correct operation and known settings The initialization is accomplished when using the 8 bit data bus by sending th
188. so people that use their holiday home as an investment and rent it to tourists The owners permanent residence may be far from the holiday home making it time consuming to inspect the state of the house A remote control and monitoring system would make it easier to inspect the holiday home and make sure that everything is in order A practical remote control and monitoring system for a holiday home could be a system that controls and monitors temperature levels i e the indoor temperature If the house is equipped with a swimming pool it would be extremely practical to be able to control and monitor the tem perature in the pool because of the time it takes to alter the temperature in a pool The device would enable the owners to monitor and control temperature levels in their holiday home from any where In this manner the temperatures in the holiday home could be set to preferred levels before arrival A logical improvement of the system would be the possibility to monitor and control other pa rameters such as door locks and movement sensors This would be a huge help for the owner of a rental holiday home The system would make it easy to check whether tenants after their visit remember to lock the doors and turn off the heat If not it would be convenient to be able to do so remotely However logical a wider range of control and monitoring will not alter the basic functionality of the system The system will therefore be built solely as
189. son for this is that the software needs to know all commands responses and text commands from the administrator user In order to access this data it is stored in a linked list A linked list consists of a row of elements each containing addresses for data and the address of the next element Element 1 Element 2 Element n Data Pointer Data Pointer Data Pointer Subroutine Pointer Subroutine Pointer Subroutine Pointer Next Element Pointer Next Element Pointer Next Element Pointer Subroutine 1 Subroutine 2 Subroutine n Data String 1 Data String 2 Data String n Figure 5 7 Illustration of a linked list In this project a linked list is designed like the one illustrated in figure 5 7 Each element contains the address for a data string that is identical to a response from the GSM module Furthermore there is an address for a subroutine designed to handle the specific situation Each element also contains a pointer that points to the next element In this project all responses and user administrator commands are stored in one linked list This is done as it makes the list practical as the same search function can be used in all situations The list is not implemented to improve the performance and speed as the search has to start with the first element and work its way through all elements until it finds a match Temporary data storage Buffer The systems software is not d
190. sor using the hand C 4 3 3 6 2 2 Locale interface test In this test it is tested whether the the system can be controlled from the local interface e g the LCD and keypad Test procedure The test is similar to the GSM test but only now the test include the use of the local interface The person responsible for the test commences the test by entering the administrator information The administrator proceeds to test all the paths described in figure 5 9 on page 85 The test also includes the testing of all of the variables accessible to the administrator and user These cover the set temperature the alarm temperature the operating mode etc The test is partly conducted as a part of the debugging of the software but must be executed in one sesion upon completion of the software 4 3 3 6 2 3 Menu system questionnaire This test is preformed to evaluate whether the locale user interface e g the menu system can be rendered intuitive to use The test is based on a questionnaire Test procedure The test procedure follows the questionnaire design as seen in section E on page 116 C 4 4 3 6 2 4 Text message syntax questionnaire This test is preformed to evaluate whether the text message can be rendered intuitive to use The test is based on a questionnaire 112 af 166 C Testjournal Communication C 4 Tests Test procedure The test procedure follows the questionnaire design as seen in section E on page 116 C
191. st paragraphs have been developed which you as participant are to answer The questionnaire is estimated to take about 5 minutes of your time The questions are to be answered on a scale from 1 to 10 where 1 will equal 100 do not agree and 10 100 agree E 2 Participant information Please state your gender Check the correct box Female LJ Male Please state your age E 3 Questions E 3 1 Local user interface Menu system In this test we would like you to read the user manual When you have finished reading the user manual you are ready to answer the following questions 1 The User manual is easy to understand Please mark the box below the value of your answer 11213 415 67 8 9110 116 of 166 E 3 Questions 2 The menu system is structured intuitively E 3 2 SMS syntax This test is created to determine how intuitive the SMS syntax is for the GSM RCS Read the SMS syn taxes in the user manual and answer the following question 1 The SMS syntaxes is intuitive The SMS commands are easy to understand 11213 415 61718 910 3 3 Comments If you have comments remarks to the GSM RCS please feel free to add them the following lines Thank you for your time E Questionnaire Intuitivity test of GSM RCS 117 af 166 Complete schemat
192. stem by sending a series of AT commands to the module Normal Operation The phrase Normal Operation refers to the program loop that the system software runs continuously The routine NORMAL calls the individual subroutines illustrated in figure 5 8 All of the tasks represent subroutines that manage a specific part of the system functionality Update menu The update menu actually refers to the routine MENUMAIN that manages the control of and the printing of menus on the LCD Whenever the function is run the LCD is updated When the local user interface is not used the routine manages the printing of the system status menu on the LCD Whenever the local interface is used it manages the printing and the jumping between the individual menus System Clock update The clock is used by the system in relation to keeping track of when a user profile is to be terminated Since the system does not feature an embedded clock routine the clock in the GSM module is used This however means that the system clock must be updated from the GSM modules clock This function is managed by the routine CLOCK UP that updates the system time Temperature update In order to update the current temperature the routine ADC is run This routine updates the temperature by accessing the ADC that is connected to the temperature sensor GSM module update Since the system is dependent of the functionality of the GSM module the status menu features an indi
193. t if the communication with the mock system is working properly Test procedure The test is executed by using two test programs specifically designed to turn the mock system on and off The two test programs are illustrated below The program used to test if the mock system can be turned on TEST 3 NOP ADDI B 0 D00003 TURN THE MOCKSYSTEM ON BRA TEST2 RUN THE FUNCTION CONTUNIUSLY The program used to test if the mock system can be turned off TEST 3 NOP ADDI B 0 D00001 TURN THE MOCKSYSTEM OFF BRA TEST2 RUN THE FUNCTION CONTUNIUSLY 110 af 166 B Testjournal I O devices Appendix Testjournal Communication C 1 Preface The objective of the test journal is to test the communication between user administrator and the GSM RCS Test paragraphs has been written to test whether the system meets the demands specified in the performance specification 3 5 on page 23 The test paragraphs can be found on 3 6 2 on page 27 These paragraphs are not directly executable as tests and therefore a more specific test description is written to complement each paragraph C 2 Equipment The equipment for the communication tests is basically the same for all the tests and therefore the equip ment is listed as a general equipment list Type Model AAU nr Power supply Hameg triple power supply HM7042 33906 Laptop Webtech Mobile phone Sony Ericsson W880i Table C 1 General equipment C 3 Setup Because
194. te how many days has gone by If the user is using the menu for a few minutes when the clock passes midnight the function will not detect that it has been midnight 00 00 To compensate for this problem a buffer zone is added so that the function will determine if it is past midnight up to 30 minutes after midnight 00 00 to 00 30 The opposite problem may also occur especially with the buffer zone implemented since the system may now think a day has passed every single time the function is run in this 30 minutes period The solution to this is a piece of code that will let the system know if the current day has already been counted 5 10 2 Terminating the user When the day on which the user must be terminated has dawned the system will start running a new piece of code This code is able to terminate the user profile from the system but will first check if the time is 12 00 or later Pseudo code CHECK FOR ACTIVE USER IF NONE GO TO END ELSE CONTINUE START IF 00 00 lt TIME lt 00 30 IF DAY _COUNTED NO DAYS _GONE 1 5 Software Design 91 af 166 5 11 Control Update DAY _COUNTED YES ELSE CONTINUE IF DAYS _ACTIVE lt DAYS _GONE GO TO TERM ELSE GO TO END TERM IF TIME gt 12 00 DEACTIVATE USER ELSE GO TO END END END 5 11 Control Update The control update function is used to determine if the system is in control mode If the system is in control mode the function must determine whether the
195. tem is not charged extra for sending text messages to foreign phone numbers At this point the actual software of the system will not be able to handle foreign phone numbers but this could pose a problem since the typical user would be from a different country This is however a problem the group has omitted since the designed system is a prototype In a future version this problem should be taken into consideration The same problem is related to the use of a single language in the menus and the text messages In future versions the option of selecting a different language could be implemented Since the text strings are quite common in their structure it would be easy to have them translated into different languages and add a language menu in the administrator registration The system could also benefit of the implementation of the possibility of having several administrators since the current system only support alarming a single administrator e g the administrator phone number There is a number of case where this could pose a problem for instants if the administrator does not see the alarm message or the phone is turned of This is an acknowledged problem that in similar systems are solved by adding more administrators to the alarm list The current software contains subroutines which should be reviewed in order to streamline the software This however calls for a number of serious changes to the system software In the cases the system i
196. the commands for receiving information from the GSM module about the GSM network the time from the internal clock and the command for hanging up on call COMMAND DESCRIPTION ARGUMENT AT CSQ Get the signal strength for GSM network None AT CCLK Getting the time form the module None AT CHUP Hanging up a call None Table 5 5 Misc AT commands In order to send the commands to the GSM module the software writes to the ACIA data register on the address B00003 The ACIA has an 8 bit data bus this means that all commands and text strings have to be sent one character at a time All commands and text strings are preprogrammed in the data area of the memory as described in section 5 3 2 on page 71 Code function The function will determine if the ACIA is ready to transmit before the system attempts to send data to the ACIA To make the function usable in all situation it is designed in such a way that it will transmit the data from a pointer This pointer is set to point at the first character byte of a string before the function is executed As the function is designed to access data from a pointer and then move the pointer one byte at a time until it reaches the end of the string The function will recognize the end of the string by a 0x00 byte in the last space of the array Along with the pointer all variable arguments for the commands will be set too Pseudo code LOAD POINTER TO STRING SET ARGUMENTS S
197. the system has access to the GSM network or not This module is used in relation with PRINT_LINE when printing the state of the system in the status menu It checks the second bit in the register D4 that holds the status bit related to the state of the GSM module If the bit is equal to 1 the is set to point to the text string Online If the bit is equal to 0 the pointer is set to point at the text string Offline KEYPAD C KEYPAD is the module that converts the entry from the keypad to a number between 0 and 9 or The module is necessary because the encoder used to control the keypad does not map the pressed keys into ASCII characters The function consists of 11 compare loops that determines the entry and move the resulting ASCII character into register D5 This entry is later used to navigate the menus and in the process of entering administrator user information 5 7 5 Summary In this section the design of the software related to the local interface has been described The basic structure of the subroutine MENUMAIN and its sub process have been described 5 8 ADC software To make sure that the system can read the temperature a conversion of the binary value which the ADC outputs is needed In this section the software of the Temperature sensor and ADC is described When the ADC puts its binary value on address 0 00001 the software has to convert the binary value into decimal representation of the temperatur
198. the used equipment is the same for each test the setup is also similar The power supply is connected to the GSM RCS and the laptop is connected to the serial interface on the GSM RCS using a RS 232 cable The GSM module is connected to the other serial port on the GSM RCS also using a RS 232 cable The terminal program on the laptop is setup using the M68k setup file The terminal is set to use the correct COM port and afterward the power is turned on and the TS2 monitor is communicating with the terminal on the laptop The setup is now ready to transfer software to the GSM RCS 111 of 166 C 4 Tests C 4 Tests C 4 1 3 6 2 1 GSM test This test establish whether the system can be controlled using the remote interface i e the GSM module Test procedure The test it is designed to test four types of commands to the system The first command tested is the status command The second is the set alarm temperature command The third is the set temperature command and the fourth and final is the outgoing alarm message The system software is run from the TS2 monitor and the system program is started up The person responsible for the test enters the administrator infor mation and commences the test The commands are sent to the system and the system replies are noted to be correct or false When the alarm message is tested the administrator enters a alarm temperature low enough to activate the system simply by heating the temperature sen
199. they operate with The four types of menus are listed below 5 Software Design 85 af 166 5 7 Local interface software e JUMP MENU The menu is used to navigate the menu system It only uses single character numeric entry to do so e 2 NUMERIC MENU The menu is used when a two character entry is made This menu type is for example used when entering the set temperature or the number of days a profile is to be active e 4 NUMERIC MENU The menu is used when a four character entry is made This menu type is used when entering the alarm temperature e 8 NUMERIC MENU The menu is used when an eight character entry is made This menu type is used when entering phone numbers These four menu types make a total of 21 menus that are accessed by MENUMAIN They all follow the same basic structure although some of the menus are more complex than others The basic structure of the menu functions are illustrated below Pseudo code MENU EXAMPLE EXECUTE RESET LCD EXECUTE SET CURSOR MODE READ MENU FROM D3 EXECUTE PRINT MENU ON DISPLAY UPDATE THE VARIABLES IN THE MENU PRINT VARIABLES TO DISPLAY GET USER INPUT FROM KEYPAD IF INPUT 1 SET D3 MENU 1 ELSE IF INPUT 2 SET D3 MENU 2 ELSE IF INPUT 3 SET D3 MENU 3 ELSE GO TO END END RETURN TO MAIN LOOP All the menu subroutines begin by calling the function RESET_LCD that clears the display After the reset function has been executed the cursor mode is
200. tion is shown in table 4 5 Pin signal Value Power supply Vcc 8 30V 2 Not used NULL 3 Power down gt SV 4 Ignition gt SV 5 Not used NULL 6 GND GND 0V Table 4 5 Power connection pin setup for GSM module Apart from the voltage level the power down and ignition signal are specified to be asserted for a time before they are registered The power down pin has to be active for at least 3 5s and the ignition for 200ms The ignition function however can also be activated from the RS 232 connection The module uses an external power supply and differs from the rest of the system as it uses 8 30V and not 5 0V This issue will not be assessed further as the main focus of the project is not the means of supplying the system 4 4 3 Circuit design The module uses the RS 232 connection that is identical to the connection used by the TS2 monitor The connection for the GSM module has 9 pins but not all 9 pins are needed in order to establish commu nication as described in section 4 5 The connection is established using asynchronous communication where software controls the data flow This configuration only needs to use pin 2 and pin 3 to control the module Furthermore the GSM module needs to be activated in order to exchange data This is done by connecting pin 4 the DTR Data Terminal Ready pin to the reset signal from the M68k This will cause the GSM module to reset and start up whenever the syste
201. tions are shown in figure 4 6 Counter divide Format select Transmit control Figure 4 6 Control register setup The counter is used to control the bit rate This is examined in section 4 5 3 The Format select controls the syntax of the serial data stream In this project the format for the ACIA used to the GSM module is set to 8 bit data no parity and 1 stop bit This is chosen as it is the default setting for the GSM module The transmit control and RxINT determines if the interrupt for sending and receiving data is active This is setup so it fits the actual system situation The setup for the ACIA used for the TS2 monitor is setup automatically by TS2 software program This is set to 8 bit data no parity and 1 stop bit The status register is read only Here it is possible to get the current status of the ACIA as shown in figure 4 7 IRQ Figure 4 7 Status register 46 af 166 4 Hardware Design 4 5 RS 232 Connection Each pin gives the status for a specific parameter the different flags are shown in table 4 8 IRQ Interrupt request flag PE Parity error OVRN Overrun flag FE Frame error flag CTS Clear to send flag DCD Data carrier detect flag TDRE Transmit data register empty RDRF Receive data register full Table 4 8 Pin specifications The voltage output from the ACIA is 0 5V where the RS 232 standard specifies a 3 V voltage level to indicate high and low signal
202. tput data appears DO D7 is connected to the data bus which is where the converted analog signal is located The temperature sensor requires a constant current to flow so a LM334 13 is used V is connected to 5 V and V_ as well as is connected to V on the ADC 14 R however is connected through a 670 resistor The LM335 12 has a and an ADJ pin The is the output of the temperature sensor and is connected to Vin is connected to GND ADJ is set to a variable resistor ADJ is used to calibrate the temperature sensor so that at 25 C the LM335 12 has an output of 2 98V To get the desired digital values a reference voltage has to be implemented so the analog signal is con verted to the correct binary value To do this the reference voltages are set to 2 53V and 3 72V respec tively The ADC 14 has two pins for the reference voltages Ref and Ref Each pin has their own but similar circuit to get the desired voltage On Ref a voltage divider between Vcc and GND is used to send 3 72V on to the pin The 3 72V is sent through a buffer to ensure that the Ref pin can pull as much current as needed without affecting the voltage The same is the case for Ref where a voltage divider ensures a voltage of 2 53V Data bus U1 ADC0820 REF REF MODE RDY VIN Control bus TLC272 U18A R3 10k D1 LM335 TO92 Figure 4 10 Circuit board of the digital temperature sensor module 4
203. ts of a GSM module and the locale interface consists of a numeric keypad and an LCD The system monitors the temperature of the surrounding environment using a temperature sensor The system simulates the control of an electrical device by turning a LED on and off The group has pursued a simple system which illustrates the usability of a microprocessor system in relation to control and monitoring As a result of this the system only features a minimum of options and features This is however not regarded as a problem since the system is designed to leave room for implementation of further features The software used in the system is based on a single main program which calls a series of subroutines that handle different tasks This setup works well since it leaves room for implementation of additional features The implementation of additional features is however limited by the lack of extra chips selects The implementation of additional hardware would call for a redesign of the PEELS and the address space The focus of the project has been the implementation and use of a microprocessor system The group has mapped the specific goals of the semester to the specific features of the GSM RCS The main objec tives of the project has been the five specific features described in the system overview 3 2 on page 13 e Remote control of an electrical device Remote monitoring of an electrical device Autonomous monitoring of an electrical device
204. w the system to be run from the system RAM instead of burning the system on the system ROM Attachments 1 CD attached Completion of project 29 5 2008 The contents of this report is freely available however publication with source reference may only occur as agreed with the authors Preface This project is presented by group 08gr415 from the Institute of Electronic Systems at Aalborg University AAU on the subject Microcomputer Systems The report is written for readers who has a technical understanding equal to or greater than 47 semester at AAU The semester has the purpose of giving the students an understanding of Microcomputer Sys tems including architecture structure interfacing and programming To do this a series of project suggestions were available for the students to work with The one chosen for this project is the development of a GSM Remote Control System for holiday homes The bibliography can be found on page 105 and a list of abbreviations used in this report can be found on 106 When words are overlined such as LDS and U DS it means that the function is active low The group would like to thank Associate Professor Sofus Birkedal Nielsen and Assistant En gineer Claus Walther for their guidance in troubleshooting the GSM Remote Control System During the design and implementation process the laboratory in B1 101 has been used Kristian Gregersen Lars Jespersen Simon Konge Koldb k Hen
205. whether the oscillator is useable or not 2 4 0 4 Shif trategsc d 4 1 ns 133 33 106V s 4 2 Then the minimum shiftrate for the processor is calculated 2 0 Shiftratecp 20 oy 4 3 ns 120 108 s 4 4 38 af 166 4 Hardware Design 4 1 The minimal system By comparing these two simple calculations it becomes obvious that the oscillator is sufficiently fast and is therefore selected as clock oscillator for the processor 4 1 3 Power on reset circuit The processor must have a power on reset circuit in order to function This circuits function is to reset the processor when the system is turned on This circuit can also be used to reset the system while running if necessary In order to reset while running it is necessary to implement a button to activate this function 5 V 4 o E HALT n RST p Y u 0 1u 68000 L R16 CT 10k TL7705A lt Figure 4 3 Power on reset circuit It is stated earlier in this section that the processor has two pins RESET 20 and HALT pin 19 which must be asserted together for at least 100 ms to reset the processor See figure 4 3 Normally the implementation of a reset button requires a bounce filter but the TL7705A circuit starts to hold the reset state when the button is first initiated TL7705A will not react to changes in state from the button until 100 ms later TL7705 component is built for reset ci
206. ystem is based on a Motorola 68000 M68k which is a 32 bit processor The processor is compatible with syn chronous and asynchronous data transfer 4 11 on page 62 The processor handles bytes 8 bits words 16 bits and longwords 32 bits The layout for the processor is shown in figure 4 2 Voc 2 CC ADDRESS SNDOJ gt BUS A23 A1 CLK DATA BUS D15 DO RW y ASYNCHRONOUS FCO UDS BUS PROCESSOR LDS CONTROL lt ATS FC2 DTACK MC6800 E BR BUS PERIPHERAL lt BG _ X ARBITRATION CONTROL VPA y BGACK CONTROL BERR IPLO YSTEM TE INTERRUPT CONTROL lt RESET gt CONTROL c PL2 Figure 4 2 Motorola 68000 in out put diagram Essential pins The reason for the v and GND is that there is two of each These pins are located on each side of the processor and their function is to avoid voltage drops inside the processor The CLK input is for the clock which determines the speed at which the processor operates The processor is normally recommended to run at 8 MHz so therefore the clock speed is selected to 8 MHz This should be more than sufficient for the functionality of this system Processor status pins The three outputs FC FC indicate the processor status as shown in figure 4 2 These pins are only used to indicate address space in this system This is indicated when the proc

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