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Unison GPS Network Time Server User Manual

1. gnipstat gntptimemode gntptimemodeconf gntpversion s ey tee conan Ae ipta OntioWall Y Ld OTI MENS NE TORO 43 M ptpversionconfig Optional 44 ntpconfig pipconfig and ptp2contig Optional setantflimask 44 setgpsdynmode hehe eR ss 44 Unison GPS User Manual 44 estais tr Posti t ME cest
2. setgpsrefpos ST TI ERE OEC T DD 45 45 upgradekernel 46 RS 232 Serial 1 0 Port Signal Definitions 46 updaterootflag upgradegps etna OR Net SNMP MERI HENRI Yi 48 IPv4 Only Protocols apter Six IPv6 Information Enabling New IPv6 Capabilities IPv6 Capabl
3. gpsrefpos gpsstat gpstrkstat gpsversion gntphwaddr gniposctype gntppasswd gntprootts
4. 57 Using Edit a ER aes 58 58 Disabling 0 59 Disable Telnet TIME and DAYTIME 59 Disable SNMP dnd HTTP EUM 59 60 Poo ose ciel ritur uiis et edo tur en dia pd seta 60 Network Time Protocol 61 AIR EE PIDE RETO teal 62 Appendix Upgrading the Firmware 63 Upgrade Via The HTTP Interface 63 Upgrade Via The Network Serial Port 65 Performing the Linux NTP Subsystem Upgrade 65 Recovering from a Failed Upgrade 66 Performing the Linux Kernel Upgrade 67 Performing the GPS Subsystem 68 Problems with the GPS Subsystem Upgrade 69 Recover Command Saved SRR weg eee ae Beene ae 69
5. 105 About the Second and 106 Unison GPS User Manual Appendix Installing the GPS Antenna 107 Antenna Location 107 GPSANIENNG loda na neeaae eden B i ules 108 Long Cable Nlis sais hear etta o beo FE EEE EREE EEA 110 Recommended C ble 7 5 eee RR 110 Using GPS Preamplifiers ee ence ee 110 Other Accessories 113 Lightning Arrestor per A E 113 Spliti s da ee EON Yee FON ae ER SRM me HOS 113 Mounting Inside A Window 113 Appendix J Specifications 115 Special Modifications Changes for Customer Requirements 121 Unison GPS User Manual Unison GPS User Manual EndRun C ANN TECHNOLOGIES GPS Timing How It Works ChapterOne Introduction The Unison is a precision server of Universal Coordinated Time UTC that can be connected via a 10 100Base T ethernet port to any TCP IP network In its most basic operation it sends Network Time Protocol NTP Simple Network Time Protocol SNTP reply packets in response to NTP SNTP request packets which i
6. kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk MD5 Keyfile Configuration Would you like to create a new ntp keys file 5 n o y You will be prompted for a key number 1 65534 then the actual key When you have entered all of the keys that you need enter zero at the next prompt for a key number MD5 keys may contain from 1 to 31 ASCII characters They may not contain SPACE TAB LF NULL or characters Enter a key number 1 65534 or 0 to quit 1 Enter the key 1 31 ASCII characters EndRun Technologies LLC Writing key number 1 and Key EndRun Technologies LLC to ntp keys Enter a key number 1 65534 or 0 to quit 2 Enter the key 1 31 ASCII characters Tempus GPS Writing key number 2 and Key Tempus GPS to ntp keys Enter a key number 1 65534 or 0 to quit 0 NTP Authentication Configuration Do you want authentication enabled using some or all of the keys in the ntp keys file 5 You will be prompted for key numbers 1 65534 that you want NTP to trust The key numbers you enter must exist in your ntp keys file If you do not want to use some of the keys in your ntp keys file do not enter them here NTP will treat those keys as untrusted Clients that use any of the trusted keys in their NTP polling packets will receive authenticated replies from
7. Receiver Page This page contains information related to the GPS Receiver Data fields are State Shows whether the GPS receiver is locked or not TFOM Shows the current TFOM value See Appendix E Time Figure of Merit for more information Satellite ID This field lists the satellites that are currently being tracked Up to 8 may be tracked at a time Average C No The carrier to noise ratio is an indicator of the GPS signal quality This number typically ranges from 30 to 45 dB when the Unison is locked GPS Dynamic Mode This field shows whether the dynamic mode is set or not Dynamic mode should be OFF when the Unison is in a static not moving position To change the dynamic mode setting use the gpsdyn mode command Reference Position Source The source of the reference position can be Unknown Dynamic User Entered or Average 24 hour average of GPS fixes To change the reference position source use the gpsrefpos command Reference Position Latitute Longitude and WGS 84 Height The WGS 84 latitude and longitude in degrees minutes seconds format and the height above the WGS 84 reference ellipsoid in meters is shown Refer to Appendix D GPS Reference Position for details Last Position Fix Latitute Longitude and WGS 84 Height This field shows information for the most recent position fix The WGS 84 latitude and longitude in degrees minutes seconds format and the height above the WGS 84 reference ellipsoid in meters is
8. The precise terms and conditions for copying distribution and modification follow GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR COPYING DISTRIBUTION AND MODIFICATION 0 This License applies to any program or other work which contains a notice placed by the copyright holder saying it may be distributed under the terms of this General Public License The Program below refers to any such program or work and a work based on the Program means either the Program or any derivative work under copyright law that is to say a work containing the Program or a portion of it either verbatim or with modifications and or translated into another language Herein after translation is included without limitation in the term modification Each licensee is addressed as you Activities other than copying distribution and modification are not covered by this License they are outside its scope The act of running the Program is not restricted and the output from the Program is covered only if its contents constitute a work based on the Program independent of having been made by running the Program Whether that is true depends on what the Program does 1 You may copy and distribute verbatim copies of the Program s source code as you receive it in any medium provided that you conspicuously and appropriately publish on each copy an appropriate copyright notice and disclaimer of warranty keep intact all the notices that refe
9. may need to check your binary file and re perform the procedure The first message should be ignored It is only reporting that one of the intermediate processes of the script execution has been terminated The next message informs you that the GPS engine file transfer 68 Unison GPS User UPGRADING THE FIRMWARE has completed and that its start up messages should appear First the bootloader message will ap pear Tempus Bootloader 6010 0050 000 v 1 00 May 28 2004 17 31 05 In about ten seconds the GPS engine application start up messages should appear FW 6010 0020 000 v 1 00 Aug 18 2004 10 47 41 FPGA 6020 0005 000 v 0202 The firmware version should match that of the binary file that you uploaded At this point the upgradegps script terminates its execution and you will again have the standard Unison console prompt After about one minute you should query the GPS firmware version using the command gpsversion The upgraded version information should be displayed Problems with the GPS Subsystem Upgrade Should you have difficulties with the upgrade due to a corrupt file power failure during upload or other accident do not be alarmed Even though you may have lost the existing application program the GPS engine bootloader program will remain intact On boot up it will check to see if a valid ap plication program is in the FLASH memory If there is not it will immediately go into the waiting for download
10. SNTP NTP v2 v3 v4 and broadcast multicast mode MDS authentication and autokey SSH server with secure copy utility SCP SNMP v1 v2c v3 with Enterprise MIB TIME and DAYTIME server SYSLOG Note See Chapter 6 IPv6 Information for details Optional 1588 Grandmaster TEEE 1588 2008 v2 and IEEE 1588 2002 v1 PTP Timestamp Resolution 1 microsecond PTP Slave Synchronization Accuracy to the Grandmaster 10 microseconds typical network topology dependent Note See Appendix H Precision Time Protocol for more information 116 Unison GPS User Manual SPECIFICATIONS Power 90 264 VAC 47 63 Hz 0 5 A Max 120 VAC 0 25 A Max 240 VAC 110 370 VDC 0 54 Max 120 VDC 3 Pin IEC 320 on rear panel 2 meter line cord is included DC Power option 38 72 Vdc 1 5A maximum 3 position terminal block on rear panel DC IN SAFETY GROUND DC IN Floating power input Either or can be connected to earth ground Size Chassis 1 75 H x 17 0 W x 10 75 D Antenna 3 5 Dia x 2 5 H Weight lt 5 lb 2 70 kg Environmental Operating Temperature 0 to 50 C Operating Humidity 0 to 95 non condensing Storage Temperature 40 to 85 C Antenna Operating Temperature 40 to 85 C Optional Outputs See Chapter 2 Physical Description for more information on these outputs 1 PPS Positive TTL pulse 50Q or RS 422 levels Width User selectable to 20 us 1 ms 100
11. Unison GPS If you make a mistake just re run ptpversionconfig prior to re booting You will now be prompted for the necessary set up parameters kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk PTP Version Configuration Set the PTP Version 1 or 2 2 Configuring PTP to start as Version 2 kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk The Unison GPS Precision Time Protocol IEEE 1588 Version configuration has been updated Please re boot now for the changes to take effect kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk Now reboot the system by issuing this command at the shell prompt shutdown r now 98 Unison GPS User Manual PTP IEEE 1588 PTPv2 Configuration and Status The default PTPv2 configuration settings in the Unison are shown below If you need to modify these settings then you will need to reconfigure the PTPv2 subsystem You may perform the configuration from either a te1net or ssh session or the local RS 232 console Default PTPv2 settings are Sync Interval 1 second Announce Interval 2 seconds Priority 1 128 Priority
12. gt su root You will then be prompted for the password which is endrun_1 and be granted root access to the system To leave super user mode issue the shell command exit Issuing exit again will close the telnet session Using SSH When establishing a ssh connection with your Unison logging in directly as root is permitted When you log in as root via a ssh session with the Unison this banner will be displayed kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk Welcome to Unison GPS SSH console gntp your domain kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk root gntp your domain s password Here you may log in as root with password 1 After correctly entering the password the sign on message is shown It identifies the host system as Unison and shows the software part num ber version and build date Unison GPS 6010 0042 000 v 1 00 Fri Aug 20 14 17 44 UTC 2004 Unison GPS root gntp gt This last line is the standard Unison GPS shell prompt The Unison uses the bash shell which is the Linux standard full featured shell After configuring the unit you should change the passwords us ing the gntppasswd command issued from the shell prompt Issuing exit will close the ssh session 15 Unison GPS User Manual Configuring the Network Time Protocol CHAPTER TWO Using HTTP You may monitor the status of the Unison v
13. C come out every 3 seconds You then kill the previous cat command by entering kill 5 You should see a command prompt Now issue this command to re transfer the correct binary file upgradegps tmp 6010 0020 000 3 01 bin 70 Unison GPS User EndRun C TECHNOLOGIES SNMPv3 Security Enterprise Management Information Base MIB AppendixC Simple Network Management Protocol SNMP Your Unison includes the NET SNMP version 5 3 1 implementation of an SNMP agent snmpd and a SNMP notification trap generation utility snmptrap It supports all versions of the protocol in use today SNMPv1 the original Internet standard SNMPv2c never reached standard status often called community SNMP SNMPv3 the latest Internet standard The NET SNMP project has its roots in the Carnegie Mellon University SNMP implementation For more detailed information about the NET SNMP project and to obtain management software and detailed configuration information you can visit this website http www net snmp org An excellent book which describes operation and configuration of various SNMP managers and agents including the NET SNMP implementations is available from O Reilley amp Associates Essential SNMP Mauro amp Schmidt amp Associates 2001 If you are planning to operate with SNMPv3 it is highly recommended that you make use of both of these resources to familiarize yourself with t
14. Unison response Tempux LX commands are displayed Query help gpsstat Unison response Information specific to the gpsstat command is displayed inetdconfig This command starts an interactive shell script that will allow the user to configure the list of protocol servers which are started by the inetd server daemon running in the Unison Three protocol serv ers may be configured TIME DAYTIME and TELNET By default the unit is configured to start all of these protocol servers If you need to disable start up of some or all of these e g for security reasons you must run this script as root from either the RS 232 serial I O port or from a telnet or ssh session This script modifies the etc inetd conf file which is non volatilely stored in the FLASH disk boot etc directory You must reboot the Unison after running this script for the changes to take effect Set inetdconfig Unison response Interactive shell script is started netconfig This command starts an interactive shell script that will allow the user to configure the IP network subsystem of the Unison By default the unit is configured to configure itself using the Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol DHCP If you need to set up static IP configuration you must run this script as root from the RS 232 serial I O port during the installation process Refer to Chapter 2 Using netconfig to Set Up Your IP for details on the use of the command This script creates or modifies
15. ing etc rc d directory on the system RAM disk In this way the factory defaults are overwritten You should be able to compile the TEMPUSLXUNISON MIB file on your SNMP management sys tem and access the variables defined therein The factory default community names are TempusLX Unison for the read only community and endrun_1 for the read write community This is all that is required for operation under v1 and v2c of SNMP 72 Unison GPS User Manual Configuring SNMPv1 Trap Generation Configuring SNMPv2c Notifications and Informs SIMPLE NETWORK MANAGEMENT PROTOCOL SNMP Change Default Community Strings Passwords To ensure security you should change the default community names by editing etc snmpd conf and modifying these two lines rwcommunity endrun 1 rocommunity TempusLXUnison To have your Unison send SNMPv1 traps RFC 1215 you must configure the community and desti nation for SNMPvI traps by uncommenting and editing this line in etc snmpd conf trapsink trapcommunity trapport where trapcommunity should be replaced by your community and XXX XXX xXx Xxx 15 the IP address or hostname of the destination host for receiving the traps generated by the Unison By de fault the trap will be sent to port 162 You may optionally add another parameter trapport to the end of the above line to override the default port setting Otherwise leave it blank Note Though the agent will re
16. Appendix Simple Network Management Protocol SNMP 71 EA EE SB 7i Enterprise Management Information Base MIB 7i Invocation of the SNMP daemon 72 Quick Start Configuration SNMPvI V2C 0 cece cece cece 72 Change Default Community Strings Passwords 73 Configuring SNMPvI Trap Generation 73 Configuring SNMPv2c Notifications and Informs 73 Configuration of SNMPv3 74 Disabling The SNMP 76 Unison GPS User Manual Appendix D GPS Reference Position 77 Obtaining Reference Positions 7 Using a Handheld GPS Receiver 77 Using the Internet se oe ae Rs 7 ERE E EN eet bsp s 7 Appendix E Time Figure of Merit 79 Appendix F Third Party 5 81 GNU General Public License 81 NTP Software License 86
17. Broadcast 192 168 1 247 Network 192 168 1 240 Your Unison GPS s current IP address full hostname and base hostname 192 168 1 245 gntp your domain gntp DOMAIN NAMESERVER S address setting Will your Unison GPS be accessing a nameserver yles n o y Set the IP address of the primary name server to use for domain your domain Enter primary name server IP address aaa bbb ccc ddd 192 168 1 1 Will your Unison GPS be accessing a secondary nameserver yles nlo y Set the IP address of the secondary name server to use for domain your domain Enter secondary name server IP address aaa bbb ccc ddd 192 168 1 2 Setting up TCP IP Creating etc HOSTNAME Creating etc rc d rc inet1 Creating etc networks Creating etc hosts Creating etc resolv conf 12 Unison GPS User Manual BASIC INSTALLATION kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk The Unison GPS network configuration has been updated Please reboot now for the changes to take effect kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk Verify Network Configuration If you have made changes to your network configuration using netconfig you should shutdown the Unison and reboot it There are two wa
18. Order allow deny Allow from all lt Directory gt To restrict access to a specific host with IP address xxx xxx xxx xxx you would modify the directives as 50 Controls who can get stuff from this server Order allow deny Deny from all Allow from xxx xxx xxx xxx lt Directory gt You may completely disable any of the following protocols Telnet TIME DAYTIME SSH SNMP and HTTP Disable Telnet TIME and DAYTIME To disable Telnet TIME and DAYTIME use the inetdconfig command inetdconfig modi fies the etc inetd conf file which is read by inetd to start up various protocol server daemons when requests from remote hosts are received Currently three servers are configurable via inetdcon fig TIME and DAYTIME whose daemons are contained within the inetd daemon itself and in telnetd Any one or all of these may be enabled or disabled for start up Disable SNMP and HTTP To disable SNMP and HTTP edit a system start up script called etc rc d rc local This script starts several of the daemons running on the system You should follow the instructions contained in com ments in the file for disabling the snmpd and httpd daemons Placing a character at the beginning of a line makes it a comment line so that it will not be executed See Using Edit above 59 Unison GPS User Manual 55 APPENDIX A Disable SSH To disable SSH edit a system start up script called etc rc d rc inet2 This script starts several o
19. The unit will light the red Alarm Status LED for about ten seconds 2 Then it will continuously light the green Sync Status LED 3 When the unit locks onto a GPS signal and begins to decode the timing data and adjust the local oscillator the green Sync Status LED will flash very rapidly about a 6 Hz rate until the data is fully decoded and the local oscillator is fully locked to the GPS frequency 4 Then the green Sync Status LED will pulse at precisely a 1 Hz rate synchronized to UTC seconds with a short on duration relative to the off duration At this point the GPS time and frequency engine has fully synchronized and you may proceed to permanently mounting the chassis and antenna in their desired locations If this sequence has not occurred within twenty four hours and you have mounted your antenna in a window or your rooftop installation has poor sky visibility you may need to provide an accurate ref erence position to the unit so that it can operate with only one satellite in view If you have mounted the antenna in a window and can easily move it to the rooftop you should do that first Should you need to provide a reference position to the unit refer to Appendix D GPS Reference Position and the setgpsrefpos command for details If you are unable to achieve GPS lock after trying all of these suggestions then your Unison may be damaged and should be returned to the factory for repair or exchange FCC NOTICE This equipme
20. When logged in as gntpuser you may check status information and view log files but you will not be able to modify any system settings or view secure files In order to perform system setup procedures which includes configuring the IP network settings you must log in as the root user After correctly entering the password at this prompt 10 Unison GPS User Manual BASIC INSTALLATION password the sign on message is shown It identifies the host system as Unison GPS and shows the software part number version and build date Unison GPS 6010 0042 000 v 1 00 Wed May 9 14 17 44 UTC 2002 Unison GPS root gntp gt This last line is the standard Unison GPS shell prompt The Unison uses the bash shell which is the Linux standard full featured shell After configuring the unit you should change the passwords us ing the gntppasswd command issued from the shell prompt If you do not see characters displayed by your terminal program within 30 seconds after the unit is powered up you must troubleshoot your setup An incorrectly wired cable or incorrect port setting in your terminal emulation program are the most common problems Refer to Chapter 5 RS 232 Serial I O Port Signal Definitions for the signal connections for the Unison You must use a null modem cable or adapter if you are connecting the Unison to another computer or oth er equipment configured as Data Terminal Equipment DTE The supplied cable is a null modem cab
21. etc hosts allow and etc hosts deny files are saved to the non volatile FLASH disk Factory default configuration allows access by all hosts cpuopts Returns the current settings for any installed user selectable CPU Options These are IPPS AM Code or Prog TTL cpuoptsconfig An interactive script that allows the user to modify the settings for the CPU Options listed above Prints the current settings for the optional Serial Time output cpusertimeconfig An interactive script that allows the user to modify the settings eraserootfs 1 Command to erase the UPGRADE root file system FLASH partition This must be executed prior to loading the new file system image during the Linux NTP upgrade process gpsversion Prints the GPS firmware and FPGA version information to the Eee gntphwaddr Prints the ethernet hardware address if the ethernet has been gntposctype Prints the installed oscillator type which is TCXO or MS OCXO gntppasswd Allows the root user to change the password for the two config ured users on the Unison gntpuser and root This script calls the standard Linux passwd binary and then saves the resulting etc shadow file to the non volatile FLASH disk gntprootfs Prints the current root file system image either UnisonGPS 0 factory default or UnisonGPS 1 field upgrade which is run ning in the Unison to the console gntpstat Parses the output of ntpq c peers to obtain the system peer status of the NTP GPS refere
22. gnipstat This command allows the user to query the status of the NTP subsystem It retrieves informa tion from the NTP distribution ntpq binary using the peers command to determine the current synchronization status of the NTP subsystem It then retrieves the last line in the logfile var log praecis0 monitor controlled by the NTP daemon reference clock driver that communicates with the GPS Subsystem This logfile is updated every 16 seconds under normal operation It parses and for mats the data contained therein and prints this fixed length generally grossly unsynchronized states could cause the floating offset field to overflow momentarily string having these fields LKSTAT TO GPS Offset S ssssss TFOM YEAR DOY HH MM SS sssssssss LS Where LKSTAT is the system peer status of the NTP daemon relative to the GPS Subsystem either LOCKED or NOTLKD NOTLKD can imply several things the system has just started there is a fault in the GPS Subsystem which has caused NTP to either be unable to obtain timing information from the GPS Subsystem or to reject the timing information that it is obtaining from it S ssssss is the offset in seconds between the NTP system clock and the GPS Subsystem clock Positive implies that the system clock is ahead of the GPS Subsystem clock TFOM A detailed explanation of TFOM is in Appendix E Time Figure of Merit Briefly TFOM indicates clock accuracy where time error is lt 100 ns time erro
23. mode You may verify this by issuing this command cat lt dev arm_user You should now see the C character being received every three seconds This is the character that the GPS engine bootloader sends to indicate to the XMODEM utility that it is wating for a download You may now retry the upload procedure assuming that you have corrected any original problem with the binary file First kill the cat command by typing CTRL C You should see a command prompt Now issue this command to re transfer the binary file upgradegps tmp 6010 0020 000_3 01 bin Recover Command Sometimes a user will attempt to download the wrong file to the GPS Subsystem When this happens the recovery method above will not work After issuing the cat command above you will not see a series of characters but instead you will see the bootloader message being output every few seconds In this case you need to use a different recovery procedure First make sure the above cat command is killed by typing CTRL C Then enter a new cat com mand as cat lt dev arm_user amp You should again be seeing the bootloader message every few seconds Tempus Bootloader 6010 0050 000 v 1 00 May 28 2004 17 31 05 69 Unison GPS User Manual APPENDIX B Please type the following command but do not press enter echo e recover r gt dev arm_user Now wait until you see another bootloader message come out and then press enter You will then see the
24. of the free software distribution system which is implemented by public license practices Many peo ple have made generous contributions to the wide range of software distributed through that system in reliance on consistent application of that system it is up to the author donor to decide if he or she is willing to distribute software through any other system and a licensee cannot impose that choice This section is intended to make thoroughly clear what is believed to be a consequence of the rest of this License 84 Unison GPS User Manual THIRD PARTY SOFTWARE 8 If the distribution and or use of the Program is restricted in certain countries either by patents or by copyrighted interfaces the original copyright holder who places the Program under this License may add an explicit geographical distribution limitation excluding those countries so that distribution is permitted only in or among countries not thus excluded In such case this License incorporates the limitation as if written in the body of this License 9 The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and or new versions of the General Public License from time to time Such new versions will be similar in spirit to the present version but may differ in detail to address new problems or concerns Each version is given a distinguishing version number If the Program specifies a version number of this License which applies to it and any later version you have the option
25. to display the NTP peers which your computer is using One of them should be the Unison server which you have just configured You should verify that it is being reached You may have to con tinue issuing the peers command for a minute or two before you will see the reach count increment If you are using authentication you can verify that authentication is being used by issuing the com mand associations to display the characteristics of the client server associations In the auth column of the display you should see OK for the row corresponding to the Unison server If you see bad you should wait a few minutes to be sure that there is a problem since is the initial state of this setting If the bad indication persists then you must check your configuration for errors Typically this is due to a typing error in creating the windows system32 drivers etc ntp keys file on the client that causes a mismatch between the keys being used by the server and client If you transfer the file by tp or scp this shouldn t be a problem It is also possible to have a typing error in the windows system32 drivers etc ntp conf file that causes the needed key to not be included in the trustedkey list 32 Unison GPS User Manual EndRun C IN I TECHNOLOGIES General Linux Shell Operation Chapter ive Control and Status Commands This chapter describes the Unison control and status commands
26. 2 128 Delay Mechanism E2E Domain 0 PTP Time Mode UTC PTP TTL 1 PTPv2 Configuration Using the Network or Serial Port The ptp2config command starts an interactive shell script that will allow you to configure the PTPv2 subsystem of the Unison You will be prompted to set PTPv2 parameters as follows Sync Interval lor2 Announce Interval 1 2 3 8 0r 16 Priorityl 0 255 Priority2 0 255 Delay Mechanism E2E or P2P Domain 0 255 PTP Time Mode UTC or PTP PTP TTL 1 255 One file is modified etc ptp2 conf This 1s a non volatile stored file in the FLASH disk boot etc directory You must reboot the Unison after running this script for the changes to take effect The following is a transcript of the question and answer configuration utility provided by ptp2config The user entered parameters are underlined Unison GPS root cntp gt ptp2config kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk brecision Time Protocol IEEE 1588 V2 Configuration dk dk k k e kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk This script will allow you to configure the ptp2 conf file that controls the PTP V2 daemon operation You will be able to configure the PTP sync interval announce interval priorityl priority2 delay mechanism ptp domain time mode and ttl The changes you make now will not take effect until you re boot the Unison GPS If you make a mistake j
27. 2 4 31 IPv4 An IPvA IPv6 kernel will have a part number and version similar to 6010 0041 100 ver 2 4 31 IPv6 If you want to change your kernel please refer to Appendix B Upgrading The Firmware for instruc tions The following text refers to products with the IPvA IPv6 kernel The presence of an IPv6 capable kernel will automatically enable most of the new IPv6 capabilities By default autoconfiguration of the ethernet interface via IPv6 Router Advertisements 15 enabled To disable acceptance of Router Advertisements or to configure a static IPv6 address and default IPv6 gateway you must either run the interactive netconfig script This will allow you to configure your ethernet interface for both IPv4 and IPv6 operation Using the netcon ig script has the advantage that you can also configure the hostname and domainname for the unit and any nameservers you may want it to have access to OpenSSH By default sshd 15 factory configured to listen on both IPv4 and IPv6 addresses It may be forced to listen on either IPv4 only or IPv6 only by editing the etc rc d rc inet2 startup script where sshd is started and then copying it to boot etc rc d Net SNMP By default snmpd is factory configured to listen on both IPv4 and IPv6 addresses This may be changed by editing etc rc d rc local and modifying the agent address argument passed to snmpd at start up and then copying it to boot etc rc d 47 Unison GPS User CHAPTER SI
28. 61 implies that the last minute of the current day will have 61 seconds leap second insertion TMD 15 the PTP time epoch either PTP or UTC V 15 the PTP protocol version only version 1 15 implemented TTL 15 the PTP multicast TTL 1 255 The Unison is configured as an IEEE 1588 Grandmaster Clock Verify that the network settings have been configured and tested using netcon ig Once the network has been configured the Unison will begin to transmit PTP Sync messages to the slave clocks The PTP sync message and status report from the Unison 15 dependent on the status of the clock con figuration including the oscillator type and GPS Subsystem The Port State will report either MASTER or PASSIVE MASTER is reported when the clock is locked to GPS and the best master clock algorithm BMC designates this clock as the MASTER 105 Unison GPS User About the PTP Second and UTC Time APPENDIX H The port_state will report PASSIVE if the clock has never locked to GPS or if the BMC designates this clock as anything other than the MASTER The Sync Identifier will report either GPS or ATOM GPS is reported when the system starts and when locked to GPS ATOM is only reported when the oscillator type in the Unison is a Rubidium The PTP Stratum will report either 1 2 3 or 255 The identifier and the calculated offset to UTC determines the PTP Stratum as shown below Identifier PTP Stratum Offset to UTC GPS or ATOM P lt 25nanos
29. Apache Software License 86 PIP Sofware Liene uo ned eps a edo yu ub ada b old 08 Appendix Serial Time Output 89 Sysplex Format debeo et 89 T etime Format me pb E pU datae tla aser 90 enr SA E UD IRIS A ere ag 90 EndRunX Extended Format 9 NENA Format oo aba eate diae stt erdt ra trad ao aM aeri m ra Pa Ud 9 NMEA FOIE cedere Te Cos SUI a REY etel Sh e obe t 93 Appendix Precision Time Protocol IEEE 1588 97 AOR B Piao neste eate Er cad ETC bands tee beni tbe NP uS 97 Version PTPv2 or PTPvl 98 PTPv2 Configuration and Status 99 PTPv2 Configuration Using the Network Serial Port 99 PTPv2 Status Using the Network or Serial Port 100 102 Configuration and Status 103 PTPv1 Configuration Using the Network or Serial Port 103 PTPv1 Status Using the Network Serial Port 105 1 Operation
30. License GPL at your request Please contact us with your request and we will mail it to you CD We will charge you a fee for our incurred expenses as allowed for in the license GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE Version 2 June 1991 Copyright C 1989 1991 Free Software Foundation Inc 51 Franklin Street Fifth Floor Boston MA 02110 1301 USA Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies of this license document but changing it is not allowed Preamble The licenses for most software are designed to take away your freedom to share and change it By contrast the GNU General Public License is intended to guarantee your freedom to share and change free software to make sure the software is free for all its users This General Public License applies to most of the Free Software Foundation s software and to any other program whose authors commit to using it Some other Free Software Foundation software is covered by the GNU Lesser General Public License instead You can apply it to your programs too When we speak of free software we are referring to freedom not price Our General Public Licenses are designed to make sure that you have the freedom to distribute copies of free software and charge for this service if you wish that you receive source code or can get it if you want it that you can change the software or use pieces of it in new free programs and that you know you can do these things To protect you
31. MULTICAST MTU 1500 Metric 1 RX packets 3779 errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0 TX packets 727 errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0 txqueuelen 100 Interrupt 5 Base address 0x300 lo Link encap Local Loopback inet addr 127 0 0 1 Mask 255 0 0 0 UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU 3924 Metric 1 RX packets 170 errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0 TX packets 170 errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0 txqueuelen 0 13 Unison GPS User CHAPTER TWO Pay particular attention to the settings shown for etho and in particular the Mask setting which should match that which is appropriate for your network Now check the remaining configuration parameters using route Unison GPS root gntp gt route Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface localnet 255 255 255 248 U 0 0 0 etho loopback 255 0 0 0 U 0 0 0 lo default 192 168 1 241 0 0 0 0 UG 1 0 0 etho Here you are interested in the default gateway address It should match the appropriate one for your network If so then the ethernet interface of your Unison has been successfully configured to operate on your network and you are ready to check operation of the Unison over the network If not you should recheck your configuration and or repeat the netconfig procedure If you have configured a nameserver s for your network you may check that by issuing this shell command Unison GPS root gntp gt cat etc resolv c
32. Unison After about 20 sec onds your terminal should display a sequence of boot messages similar to these kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk 6010 0040 000 Linux Bootloader v1 00 08 17 2004 ek oe dece RI RI RI RIK IK IKI dede dee dee dee dee dee dee dee IRI Default root file system FACTORY To override and boot the UPGRADE partition type UPGRADE within 5 seconds These lines are the Linux bootloader boot prompt This prompt will timeout after 5 seconds and the Linux kernel and the factory default Unison root file system will be loaded When the Linux kernel 15 loaded from FLASH memory into RAM a long list of kernel generated informational messages 15 displayed as the kernel begins execution and the various device drivers are initialized Booting Linux with FACTORY root file system 6010 0041 000 Linux Kernel v2 4 26 1 40 Wed Aug 18 17 28 45 UTC 2004 BIOS provided physical RAM map BIOS 88 0000000000000000 000000000009f 000 usable BIOS 88 0000000000100000 0000000002000000 usable 32MB LOWMEM available On node 0 totalpages 8192 8 Unison GPS User Manual BASIC INSTALLATION zone 0 4096 pages zone 1 4096 pages zone 2 0 pages DMI not present Kernel command line config 11000001 initjffs 0 console ttyS0 19200 root dev mtdblock4 load_ramdisk 1 rw Initializing CPU 0 Calibrating delay loop 66 96 BogoMIPS Memory 30784k 32768k available 812k kernel code 1596k rese
33. Your Unison has been configured to perform authentication either by factory default or by running the ntpconfig shell script The example Unison authentication configuration shown in Chapter 2 Configuring the Network Time Protocol will be assumed in the example configuration commands shown here 22 Unison GPS User Manual SETTING UP NTP CLIENTS UNIX LIKE PLATFORMS You have installed NTP on your client computer You have successfully performed the Basic NTP Client Setup on your client computer Create the ntp keys File You must create file named ntp keys in the etc directory It must be a copy of the one residing in the etc directory of your Unison You can telnet into your Unison and start an tp session with your client computer to send the Unison s etc ntp keys file to your client computer use the secure copy utility sep or you can just use a text editor on your client computer to create an equivalent file IMPORTANT Handling of the etc ntp keys file is the weak link in the MD5 authentication scheme It is very impor tant that it is owned by root and not readable by anyone other than root After transferring the file by tp and placing it in the etc directory on the client computer issue these two commands at the shell prompt chown root root etc ntp keys chmod 600 etc ntp keys Configure NTP You must edit the ntp conf file which ntpd the NTP daemon looks for by default in the etc directo ry Ass
34. address is required by the Apache web server When using net config see Chapter 5 Control and Status Commands to configure the TCP IP parameters be sure to config ure the name server Only one name server is required two gives some redundancy The HTTP Interface will not start if this is configured incorrectly The following picture shows the Linux Subsystem RFS Upgrade page All fields are filled in with default values to download the appropriate software image from the EndRun Technologies website You can use these default values unless you want to point to a different FTP server Unison GPS User Manual APPENDIX B EndRun Smarter Timing Solutions TECHNOLOGIES Network Firmware Faults Receiver Home Unison GPS Network Time Server Firmware Stati IES Upgrade from a FTP server NTP Subsystem Upgrade File GPS Subsystem Upgrade Reboot 6010 0044 000 gz FTP Server Name endruntechnologies com FTP Login anonymous FTP Login Password rourPassword Sear 2 If your Unison does not have access to the internet you must first download the appropriate files from the endruntechnologies com website to the computer that you will be using later to access the Unison via its HTTP interface Use the link shown above to get the files After saving the files use the Unison HTTP interface to select the previously saved files for upload to the Unison One for the Linux Sub
35. be composed of null fields Examples are below GPZDA 48 lt CR gt lt LF gt GPZDA 175658 00 20 05 2008 07 00 69 lt CR gt lt LF gt Msg ID Field 1 Field 2 Field 3 Field 4 Field 5 Field 6 Checksum Msg End 96 GPZDA 175658 00 20 05 2008 07 00 69 lt CR gt lt LF gt UTC time at 1PPS hhmmss ss Day 01 to 31 Month 01 to 12 Year 1980 to 2079 Local zone hour offset from UTC for east longitude Local zone minutes offset from UTC Unison GPS User Manual About EndRun e TECHNOLOGIES Appendix Precision Time Protocol PTP IEEE 1588 This appendix contains the configuration and status information for the optional Precision Time Protocol Both version I and version 2 are available The PTPv2 protocol running on the Unison is a full Grandmaster Clock default profile implementation of the IEEE 1588 2008 standard The PTPv1 protocol is a full Grandmaster Clock implementation of the IEEE 1588 2002 standard The version is user selectable and once configured the Unison operates as a Grandmaster Version I OR Version 2 The PTP implementation in the Unison is built from the distribution at the PTPd website http ptpd sourceforge net The PTP daemon status and configuration is supported from two PTP companion utilities gptpstat or gptp2stat and ptpconfig or ptp2config The following table shows the Unison utilities that pertain to 1 and PTPv
36. in the page below the main menu tabs are Home Receiver Clock I O Faults Net work NTP and Firmware The subcategory links on this particular page are IPv4 IPv6 and DNS IPv4 is selected 0 Unison GPS User Manual Descriptions HTTP INTERFACE Smarter Timing Solutions nonun TECHNOLOGIES Home Receiver Faults Firmware Unison GPS Network Time Server IPv4 NETWORK STATUS DHCP Disabled static IP address IPv4 IPv6 Address 192 168 1 135 Gateway 192 168 1 1 Netmask 255 255 255 0 The top hand tabs and left side links are logically arranged for easy navigation The following table defines this relationship _ vo vo seus Opon o IPv4 Network Status IPv4 IPv6 DNS PTP IEEE 1588 Status Option Firmware Firmware Information Firmware Status Linux Subsystem Upgrade GPS Subsystem Upgrade Reboot Home Page This page contains general status information Data fields are NTP Status Sa E UTC Time Shows the current hours minutes and seconds in UTC Date Shows the current UTC date Receiver Shows whether the GPS receiver is locked or not 51 Unison GPS User CHAPTER SEVEN TFOM Shows the current TFOM value See Appendix E Time Figure of Merit for more information System Status Shows if any system fault is present If a system fault exists go to the Faults Page to see which fault it is
37. minute or two before you will see the reach count increment You can verify that authentication is being used by issuing the command associations to display the characteristics of the client server associations In the auth column of the display you should see OK for the row corresponding to the Unison server If you see bad you should wait a few minutes to be sure that there is a problem since bad is the initial state of this setting If the bad indication persists then you must check your configuration for errors Typically this is due to a typing error in creating the winnt system32 drivers etc ntp keys file on the client that causes mismatch between the keys being used by the server and client If you transfer the file by tp or scp this shouldn t be a problem It is also possible to have a typing error in the winnt system32 drivers etc ntp conf file that causes the needed key to not be included in the trustedkey list Broadcast multicast client setup is relatively simple if You have been able to successfully communicate with the Unison on your network Your Unison has been configured to perform broadcasts or multicasts by running the ntpconfig shell script This is not the factory default configuration so be sure to run ntpconfig If you are going to use MDS authentication your Unison must have been configured to operate with authenti cation in the broadcast multicast mode and yo
38. not start if this is configured incorrectly 49 Unison GPS User Manual HTTP Interface Description CHAPTER SEVEN For security reasons the web pages on the Unison show status information only You cannot reconfig ure the Unison except for upgrading firmware which is done with several security measures in place To reconfigure the Unison you will need to use the network or serial port command line interface For proper operation your web browser must be configured to allow pop up windows and have Javascript enabled To get started with the web interface simply point your browser to the IP address of the Unison and log in securely with HTTP For example http 192 168 1 1 A warning dialog page will be presented for the certificate Acknowledge the dialog page and the server will continue to load protected by SSL The browser should display the Lock icon indicat ing that the page is protected by SSL To maximize security you should replace the SSL Certificate See Appendix A Security HTTP for details Below is a picture of the login page Smarter Timing Solutions EndRun TECHNOLOGIES Network Receiver Clock Faults Unison GPS Network Time Server Login first Navigation The main menu tabs across the top of each webpage allow you to navigate through the status infor mation in the Unison while links on the lefthand side of each webpage provide subcategory naviga tion For example
39. of following the terms and conditions either of that version or of any later version published by the Free Software Founda tion If the Program does not specify a version number of this License you may choose any version ever published by the Free Software Foundation 10 If you wish to incorporate parts of the Program into other free programs whose distribution condi tions are different write to the author to ask for permission For software which is copyrighted by the Free Software Foundation write to the Free Software Foundation we sometimes make exceptions for this Our decision will be guided by the two goals of preserving the free status of all derivatives of our free software and of promoting the sharing and reuse of software generally NO WARRANTY 11 BECAUSE THE PROGRAM IS LICENSED FREE OF CHARGE THERE IS NO WARRANTY FOR THE PROGRAM TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW EXCEPT WHEN OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND OR OTHER PARTIES PROVIDE THE PROGRAM AS IS WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND EITHER EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE IMPLIED WARRAN TIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE THE ENTIRE RISK AS TO THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF THE PROGRAM IS WITH YOU SHOULD THE PROGRAM PROVE DEFECTIVE YOU ASSUME THE COST OF ALL NECES SARY SERVICING REPAIR OR CORRECTION 12 INNO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN WRITING WILL ANY COPYRIGHT
40. per second You can select which NMEA sentences to output by using the cpusertime and cpusert imecon fig commands see Chapter 5 Control and Status Commands Not all information defined in the NMEA sentences is available from the GPS receiver resident in the Unison Following are the definitions for the NMEA sentences as implemented in this product NOTE Up to 3 sentences may be transmitted per second The first character of the first sen tence is the on time character Once the unit is locked to GPS the leading edge of the start bit of the on time character is transmitted within 100 microseconds of the beginning of the second GGA GPS Fix Data The GGA sentence contains the time position and fix related data EndRun does not calculate mean sea level Examples are below GPGGA 0 00 M 2B lt CR gt lt LF gt GPGGA 173423 00 3827 030 N 12244 020 W 1 08 1 2 14 5 M 0000 72 lt CR gt lt LF gt MsgID GPGGA Field 1 173423 00 UTC time of fix hhmmss ss Field 2 3827 030 Latitude in ddmm mmm Field 3 N Direction of latitude N north S south Field 4 12244 020 Longitude in dddmm mmm Field 5 Ww Direction of longitude W west E east Field 6 1 Fix quality indicator 0 fix not valid 1 GPS fix Field 7 08 Number of SVs in use 00 08 Field 8 1 2 HDOP horizontal dilution of precision Field 9 14 5 Altitude above WGS84 ellipsoid we do not calculate mean sea level Field 10 indicate
41. preamplifier to compensate for signal loss through the splitter If using a splitter other than the one supplied by EndRun you may need to compensate for splitter signal loss by using a separate GPS preamplifier For GPS time servers it is possible to mount the GPS antenna inside a window and have it perform adequately Avoid windows with metallic film coating that will inhibit GPS signals and ensure that the window has a good view of the sky If you are in the Northern Hemisphere then a south facing window is best and vice versa for the Southern Hemisphere Your Unison needs to calculate its position in order to operate properly It only needs to do this once and needs to be able to see four satellites all at the same time If your Unison has a limited view of the sky it may not be able to see the required four satellites so you will need to manually enter your position See Appendix D GPS Reference Position for instructions Because of the reduced sky visibility that goes with a window mount installation your time server may go through many hours without locking to a GPS signal This is fine as long as it locks at least once every 24 hours If the time server goes longer than 24 hours without locking then it will stop serving Stratum time An OCXO upgrade will allow the time server to go for much longer than 24 hours without receiving a GPS signal and is extra insurance for window mount installations The following page shows the Installation
42. root priv 1 rouser ntpuser auth 1 3 6 1 4 1 13827 The first line defines a SNMPv3 read write user root whose minimum security level will be authenti cated and encrypted for privacy choices are noauth auth and priv and who will have read write ac cess to the entire iso 1 branch of the SMI object tree The second line defines a SNMPv3 read only user ntpuser whose minimum security level will be authenticated but not encrypted and who will have read only access to the entire iso org 3 dod 6 internet 1 private 4 enterprises 1 endRun TechnologiesMIB 13827 branch of the SMI object tree After adding the user lines to etc snmpd conf copy it to the boot etc directory using p The second file is located on the non volatile FLASH disk and is used by the SNMP agent to store persistent data that may be dynamic in nature This may include the values of the MIB II variables sysLocation sysContact and sysName as well as any configured SNMPv3 user crypto keys In order to use SNMPv3 you must configure user keys in this file for each SNMPv3 user that you have set up in etc snmpd conf To do this you must add lines to boot net snmp snmpd conf like these for each user createUser root MD5 endrun_1 DES endrun_1 createUser ntpuser SHA Tempus 0 The first line will cause the agent snmpd to create a user root who may be authenticated via Mes sage Digest Algorithm 5 MD5 with password endrun 1 and may use the Data Encryption Stand
43. should be returned to the factory for oscillator replacement at the customer s convenience No Signal Time Out This bit indicates that the unit has not been able to acquire a GPS signal for one hour while the Time Figure of Merit has been 9 the unsynchronized condition This could be due to a variety of reasons If there are no other faults that could explain the inability to receive a signal then there could be an or antenna failure or blockage If the condition persists indefinitely and a problem with the antenna is not evident the unit may need to be returned to the factory for repair FPGA Config Fault This bit indicates that the microprocessor was unable to configure the FPGA This would be a fatal fault and the unit should be returned to the factory for repair FLASH Write Fault This bit indicates that the microprocessor was unable to verify a write to the FLASH non volatile parameter storage area This should not ever occur under normal opera tion The unit should be returned to the factory for repair GPS Comm Fault This bit indicates that the microprocessor is unable to establish commu nications with the GPS Subsystem Please report this fault condition to the factory 1 877 749 3878 Time Input Fault This bit indicates that the microprocessor received an erroneous time input from the GPS Subsystem Ifthe condition persists please report it to the factory 1 877 749 3878 No Polling Events This bit indicates that the GP
44. shown Antenna Fault Mask This field shows the current setting for the Antenna Fault Mask When the antenna fault is masked this will prevent the antenna fault from creating an alarm condition Some installations may need to mask this fault due to special antenna situations like splitters To change the Antenna Fault Mask use the setant 1tmask command 52 Unison GPS User Manual HTTP INTERFACE Signal Fault Mask This field shows the current setting for the Signal Alarm Mask When the signal alarm is masked it will prevent a signal loss fault from creating an alarm condition Some installations may need to mask this fault when operating the NTP server as a Stratum 2 server To change the signal alarm mask use setsigfltmask command Receiver Oscillator Page This page shows receiver oscillator control information such as Oscillator Type This field shows the oscillator type that is installed in the Unison It will be either a TCXO or a MS OCXO The standard oscillator is the TCXO If you purchase an oscillator upgrade this field will show MS OCXO DAC Is the upper 16 bits of the oscillator voltage control DAC word 0 to 65535 with larger numbers implying higher oscillator frequency Typical range is 20000 to 38000 Clock Page This page shows the configuration of the Unison Time Server except for any optional I O which is listed on the I O page Fields are Time Mode This field shows the current time mode setting Possible
45. the IP address of the Unison and login securely with HTTP Security conscious customers may disable the HTTP interface see the end of this appen dix for instructions Note The HTTP interface is not IPv6 compatible The HTTP interface is not available in older Unison models If you have an older model you may want to contact EndRun for information on how to upgrade your Unison to be HTTP capable The older models have a Linux Subsystem root file system RFS number of 6010 0042 000 To see the number enter the gntpversion command via the network serial port The newer Unison models have or can have the HTTP interface capability These models have a Linux Subsystem RFS num ber of 6010 0044 000 The HTTP implementation in the Unison uses HTTPS HTTP over SSL Secure Socket Layer SSL 15 sublayer under regular HTTP HTTPS enhances security because 1t encrypts and decrypts the requested and returned pages from the server The HTTP implementation is built from the standard Apache 1 3 33 distribution from http httpd apache org See Appendix A Security for information on changing the default HTTP configuration and SSL certificates IMPORTANT The domain name server IP address is required by the Apache web server When using net config see Chapter 5 Control and Status Commands to configure the TCP IP parameters be sure to config ure the name server Only one name server is required two gives some redundancy The HTTP Interface will
46. the chart below for details Using GPS Preamplifiers EndRun produces a GPS Preamplifier which is a very high performance low noise inline amplifier for difficult GPS signal environments and long cable runs greater than 250 feet of factory supplied cable The following table shows the number of preamplifers we recommend for each GPS antenna installation using our GPS receiver and our factory supplied cable Installations using other cable types may have different preamplifer requirements Cable Length Cable Number of Type Preamplifiers Up to 250 feet RG 59 76 meters Belden 9104 251 to 500 feet RG 59 1 77 to 152 meters Belden 9104 501 to 700 feet RG 59 2 701 to 750 feet RG 59 2 214 to 228 meters Belden 1505A 751 to 1000 feet RG 59 3 229 to 305 meters Belden 1505A The following two pages show the Installation Guide for installing a rooftop mounted antenna with GPS preamplifer 110 Unison GPS User Manual INSTALLING THE GPS ANTENNA INSTALLATION GUIDE GPS Antenna Rooftop Mounting Guidelines with In Line Amplifier Locating Mounting Site Most ideal mounting location is one with unobstructed clear view of the sky If mounted on building side locate on side closest to earth equator South if in Northern Hemisphere Mount as close to vertical as possible Mount away from other radiating antennas if possible Antenna Cable and Mast Installation Locate end of antenna cable with TNC connect
47. these files etc HOSTNAME etc hosts etc networks etc resolv conf and etc rc d rc inet1 Al of these are non volatilely stored in the FLASH disk boot etc directory You must reboot the Unison after running this script for the changes to take effect Set netconfig Unison response Interactive shell script is started ntpconfig This command starts an interactive shell script that will allow the user to configure the NTP subsys tem of the Unison By default the unit is configured to authenticate its replies to clients using its default MDS keys in the etc ntp keys file If you need to create your own MDS keys recommended or set up broadcast multicast operation you must run this script as root Refer to Chapter 2 Con figuring the Network Time Protocol for details on the use of this command The two files that are modified are etc ntp keys and etc ntp conf Both of these are non volatilely stored in the FLASH disk boot etc directory You must reboot the Unison after running this script for the changes to take effect 43 Unison GPS User Manual CHAPTER FIVE Set ntpconfig Unison response Interactive shell script is started ptpconfig and ptp2config Optional These commands are only available if the PTP IEEE 1588 option has been installed Refer to Ap pendix Precision Time Protocol IEEE 1588 for more information ptpversionconfig Optional This command is only available if the PTP IEEE 1588 option has been install
48. 0 to 8 VCDAC _ is the upper 16 bits of the oscillator Voltage Control DAC word 0 to 65535 with larger numbers implying higher oscillator frequency Typical range is 20000 to 38000 C No is the Carrier Signal To Noise Ratio 0 00 to 99 9 measured in dB in the GPS data rate bandwidth Typical range is 30 to 45 FLTS is the fault status which displays the current summary status of the GPS Subsystem The summary status is contained in sixteen bits which are displayed in four 38 Unison GPS User Manual CONTROL AND STATUS COMMANDS hexadecimal characters Assertion of any of these bits will also be indicated by illumination of the red LED Each bit of each character indicates the status of a subsystem component 9 0 FLASH Write FPGA Config No Signal DAC Control Fault Fault Time Out Over Range No Polling Events Time Input Fault GPS Comm Fault DAC Control Over Range This bit indicates that the electronic frequency control DAC for the oscillator has reached either the high 55000 or low 10000 limit while locked to the GPS sig nal Unless the unit is being subjected to out of specification environmental conditions this would indicate that the oscillator frequency has drifted near to the end of life region This should normally only occur after about ten years of operation The unit will continue to function until the oscillator frequency finally reaches one of the actual DAC endpoints The unit
49. 2 PTPvl ptpd gptpstat ptpconfig PTPv2 ptp2d gptp2stat ptp2config For more information about ptpd and to obtain PTP Slave software refer to the PTPd website When downloading PTP Slave software from the PTPd website be sure to obtain this version ptpd 1 00 tar gz if using PTPv1 or ptpd 2 1 0 tar gz if using PTPv2 An excellent book which describes the PTP Master and Slave operation 1s Measurement Control and Communication using IEEE 1588 John C Eidson Springer November 2006 More information on IEEE 1588 PTP can be found at the NIST National Institute of Standards and Technology IEEE 1588 website http 1eee1588 nist gov 97 Unison GPS User Manual APPENDIX H Version PTPv2 or PTPv1 In the Unison you may use the 1 protocol or the PTPv2 protocol PTPv2 is the default In order to change the selection from PTPv2 to PTPv1 you need to use ptpversionconfig com mand The following is a transcript of the question and answer configuration utility provided by ptpver sionconfig Unison GPS root endrun gt ptpversionconfig kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk Precision Time Protocol IEEE 1588 Version Configuration x k k xxx kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk This script will allow you to configure PTP Version 1 or 2 k The changes you make now will not take effect until you re boot the
50. 2 2D fix 3 3D fix Field 3 18 PRN of SV used for fix on channel 1 empty if no SV Field 4 3 PRN of SV used for fix on channel 2 empty if no SV Field 5 22 PRN of SV used for fix on channel 3 empty if no SV Field 6 6 PRN of SV used for fix on channel 4 empty if no SV Field 7 9 PRN of SV used for fix on channel 5 empty if no SV Field 8 14 PRN of SV used for fix on channel 6 empty if no SV Field 9 19 PRN of SV used for fix on channel 7 empty if no SV Field 10 32 PRN of SV used for fix on channel 8 empty if no SV Field 11 empty field PRN Field 12 empty field PRN Field 13 empty field PRN Field 14 empty field PRN Field 15 2 0 PDOP position dilution of precision Field 16 1 1 HDOP horizontal dilution of precision Field 17 1 6 VDOP vertical dilution of precision Checksum 10 Msg End lt CR gt lt LF gt 94 Unison GPS User Manual SERIAL TIME OUTPUT RMC Recommended Minimum Specific GPS Data The RMC sentence identifies the UTC time of fix status latitude longitude and date Examples are below GPRMC V 555 N 53 lt CR gt lt LF gt GPRMC 17383 1 00 A 3827 030 N 12244 020 W 0 08 158 14 200508 A 0D lt CR gt lt LF gt MsgID GPRMC Field 1 173831 00 UTC time of fix hhmmss ss Field 2 A GPS receiver warning A data valid V data not valid Field 3 3827 030 Latitude in ddmm mmm Field 4 N Direction of latitude N north S south Field 5 12244 020 Longitude in dddmm mmm Field 6 W Direction of longi
51. AIM for the utmost in reliability during any GPS system faults In addition single satellite operation is possible once an initial accurate position has been determined When the dynamic mode is ON only a very minimal TRAIM algorithm is in effect because the ac curate reference position is not static In addition a minimum of four satellites must be visible and only 3 D position fixes are used When the dynamic mode is ON the source reported for the accurate reference position by gpsrefpos is set to DYN Query gpsdynmode Unison response OFF gpsrefpos This command displays the current GPS Subsystem reference position The source of the position which is one of UNK unknown DYN dynamic USR user entered or AVG 24 hour average of GPS fixes is displayed first The WGS 84 latitude and longitude in degrees minutes seconds format and the height above the WGS 84 reference ellipsoid in meters follow Refer to Appendix D GPS Reference Position for details Query gpsrefpos Unison response CURRENT REFERENCE POSITION AVG N38d26m36 11s W122d42m56 50s 00032 5 meters 37 Unison GPS User Manual CHAPTER FIVE gpsstat This command allows the user to query the status of the GPS Subsystem During normal operation the NTP daemon polls the GPS Subsystem every 16 seconds The results of this poll are used to steer the system clock and are saved to a log file This command parses and formats the data contained therein and prints this fix
52. ALSE The Leap 61 is TRUE if the PTP Times cale is PTP and the last minute of the current UTC day contains 61 seconds otherwise it is FALSE The PTP Time Traceable indicator either TRUE or FALSE The Time Traceable is TRUE if the Time Scale is PTP and the Clock Class is Synchronized or Holdover otherwise it is FALSE The PTP Frequency Traceable indicator either TRUE or FALSE The Frequency Traceable is TRUE if the Time Traceable is TRUE otherwise it is FALSE The default PTPv1 configuration settings in the Unison are shown below If you need to modify these settings then you will need to reconfigure the PTPv1 subsystem You may perform the configuration from either a telnet or ssh session or the local RS 232 console Default PTPv1 settings are PTP Preferred TRUE PTP Sync Interval Two seconds Subdomain Name DFLT PTP Time Mode UTC PTP TTL 1 PTPv1 Configuration Using the Network or Serial Port The ptpcon ig command starts an interactive shell script that will allow you to configure the PTPv1 subsystem of the Unison You will be prompted to set the PTPv1 parameters as follows Preferred State TRUE or FALSE Sync Interval 1 2 8 16 or 64 seconds Subdomain Name DFLT ALT1 ALT2 or ALT3 103 Unison GPS User Manual APPENDIX H PTP Time Mode UTC or PTP PTP TTL 1 255 One file is modified etc ptp conf This is a non volatile stored file in the FLASH disk boot etc direc tory You must reboot the Unison after runnin
53. ASCII carriage return character 0x0D The first lt CR gt is the on time character is the ASCII line feed character 0x0A lt CR gt lt LF gt Q YYYY DDD HH MM SS D ZZ lt CR gt lt LF gt Q YYYY DDD HH MM SS ZZ lt CR gt lt LF gt 92 is the time quality indicator and may be either lt space gt ASCII space character 0x20 which indicates locked ASCII question mark 0x3F which indicates the unsynchronized condition This is the on time character is the space character 0x20 is the four digit year is the day of year 001 366 is the colon character 0x3A is the hour of the day 00 23 is the minute of the hour 00 59 is the second of the minute 00 60 is the DST indicator S I D O or time zone offset relative to UTC 00 12 is the ASCII carriage return character Ox0D The first lt CR gt is the on time character is the ASCII line feed character 0 0 Unison GPS User Manual NMEA Format SERIAL TIME OUTPUT The National Marine Electronics Association NMEA has developed a specification that defines the interface between various pieces of marine electronic equipment This standard defines sentences that contain GPS position navigation time and other information Sentences that have been imple mented in the Unison conform to NMEA 0183 Specification Version 3 01 and are GGA GLL GSA RMC VTG and ZDA Your Unison can output one two or three of these sentences
54. Acknowledgements i About This ii Warran cee ii Extended tt taal cele ete Ree ER VE SEO af ee ii Limitation of Warranty ii Warranty Repair crosses ode sl ead tices PGR Ae emda a ERE e i ead awed iii Repair After Warranty Expiration iii Limitation of Liability iii EndRun Contact Information iii Chapter One Introduction 1 GPS Timing How It Works 1 2 cont ine Haan O 2 Performance Reliability and Economy 2 dI 2 2 Free FLASH Upgrades ee RES TETUR eret 2 Chapter Two Basic 3 Checking and Identifying the Hardware 3 Unison Physical Description 4 Performin
55. Antenna Kit which includes 50 feet 15 meters of antenna cable This amount of cable is sufficient for the majority of GPS antenna installations Longer cable runs can also be accommodated Below is a list of the items in a typical GPS Antenna Kit part num ber 0610 0007 001 e GPS Antenna part 0502 0012 000 Antenna Mounting Adaptor part 0602 0035 000 PVC Mounting Pipe part 0100 0009 018 Hose Clamps part 0100 0008 000 50 feet of RG 59U Belden 9104 Cable TNC Male part 0600 0013 050 GPS Antenna Inside Window Mount Kit part 0608 0002 001 Following 15 the Installation Guide for a rooftop mount that is included with the antenna 108 Unison GPS User Manual INSTALLING THE GPS ANTENNA INSTALLATION GUIDE GPS Antenna Rooftop Mounting Guidelines Locating Mounting Site Most ideal mounting location is one with unobstructed clear view of the sky If mounted on building side locate on side closest to earth equator South if in Northern Hemisphere Mount as close to vertical as possible Mount away from other radiating antennas if possible Antenna Installation Using Supplied Mounting Kit The 34 16 nuts and metal flat washer are not used with this mounting method remove from antenna if present Run cable end through the mounting pipe and through the mounting adaptor as shown Connect cable TNC connector to antenna connector Thread the mounting adaptor onto the mounting pipe and thread the base of t
56. Configuring NTP Using the Network Interface or Serial Port The following is a transcript of the question and answer configuration utility provided by ntpcon fig The user entered parameters are underlined Unison GPS root gntp gt ntpconfig kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk Ae ke de ke ke e ee ee eee Time Protocol Configuration d d d d dd d dd ddd dk k EEEE EEEE RK KK KK KI KIKI KIRK e dee e dee RII e dee e dee e dee e dee e dee e dee e dee e dee e dee e dee e ee e de e e This script will allow you to configure the ntp conf and ntp keys files that control Unison NTP daemon operation You will be able to create new MD5 authentication keys which are stored in the ntp keys file LIE NE E 16 Unison GPS User BASIC INSTALLATION You will be able to update the authentication related commands in the ntp conf file You will be able to configure the broadcast mode of operation with or without authentication If you supply the multicast address instead of your network broadcast address then you will be able to configure the time to live of the multicast packets The changes you make now will not take effect until you reboot the Unison GPS If you make a mistake just re run ntpconfig prior to rebooting You will now prompted for the necessary set up parameters
57. EndRun Gn Ay Sy TECHNOL OGIES Unison GPS Network Time Server User Manual Unison GPS Network Time Server User Manual Preface Thank you for purchasing the Unison Network Time Server Our goal in developing this product is to bring precise Universal Coordinated Time UTC into your network quickly easily and reliably Your new Unison is fabricated using the highest quality materials and manufacturing processes avail able today and will give you years of troublefree service About EndRun Technologies EndRun Technologies is dedicated to the development and refinement of the technologies required to fulfill the demanding needs of the time and frequency community Our innovative engineering staff with decades of experience in the research and development of receiver technology for the Global Positioning System GPS has created our window mount GPS antenna and extended hold over oscillator control algorithms The instruments produced by EndRun Technologies have been selected as the timing reference for such rigorous applications as computer synchronization research institutions aerospace network quality of service monitoring satellite earth stations and calibration laboratories EndRun Technologies is committed to fulfilling your precision timing needs by providing the most advanced reliable and cost effective time and frequency equipment available in the market today Trademark Acknowledgements IBM PC Linux NotePad
58. Guide for window mounting the antenna 113 Unison GPS User Manual APPENDIX INSTALLATION GUIDE GPS Antenna Inside Window Mounting Guidelines The double sided tape supplied in this kit can be used to mount the GPS antenna to the inside of a window There is enough tape included in the kit to try up to three different mounting locations The tape is not typically reusable Note that the tape does not exhibit full adhesive strength until pressed between two flat surfaces It can be removed by firmly twisting the antenna clockwise and or counter clockwise to break the seal Once the surfaces are separated the tape can be removed by lifting one end and slowly peeling it back with a steady force STEP 1 Separate antenna from outside mounting kit The 34 16 nuts and metal flat washer are not used with this mounting method remove from antenna if present STEP 2 Cut off two strips of tape each approximately 1 long Note clear backing on one side of tape STEP 3 Press non backed side onto flat surface of antenna approximately as shown in Figure 1 lap FIGURE 1 STEP 4 Remove backing from tape and position antenna in front of mounting location Firmly press antenna seating exposed tape against dust free window surface STEP 5 Re connect cable to antenna Route cable to prevent kinking avoiding sharp bends and providing adequate strain relief Figures 2 and 3 illustrate possible installation methods u
59. HOLDER OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MAY MODIFY AND OR REDISTRIBUTE THE PROGRAM AS PERMITTED ABOVE BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR DAM AGES INCLUDING ANY GENERAL SPECIAL INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAM AGES ARISING OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE PROGRAM INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO LOSS OF DATA OR DATA BEING RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY YOU OR THIRD PARTIES OR A FAILURE OF THE PROGRAM TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER PROGRAMS EVEN IF SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS 85 Unison GPS User Manual APPENDIX F NTP Software License Information about the NTP Project led by Dr David Mills can be found at www ntp org The distribution and usage of the NTP software is allowed as long as the following copyright notice is included in our documentation The following copyright notice applies to all files collectively called the Network Time Protocol Ver sion 4 Distribution Unless specifically declared otherwise in an individual file this notice applies as if the text was explicitly included in the file SEE se les be ze CE be ze oe obe zh te E a EE de ze oet ze t I de zie A oe ot oe EI CA oeste a a a a a Copyright c David L Mills 1992 2006 Permission to use copy modify and distribute this software and its documentation for any purpose with or without fee 1s hereby granted provided that the above copyright notice appe
60. N 6095031992 A1 A2 1993 1995 A4 1997 A11 1998 e EMC EN 55024 1998 w A1 2000 and A2 2003 EN61000 3 2 2000 EN61000 3 3 1995 w A1 2001 EN55022 1998 Class A VCCI April 2004 Class A FCC Part 15 Subpart B Class A ICES 003 Class A 118 Unison GPS User Manual SPECIFICATIONS DECLARATION OF CONFORMITY According to ISO IEC GUIDE 22 and EN 45014 Manufacturer s Name EndRun Technologies EndRun TECHNOLOGIES Manufacturer s Address 1360 North Dutton Avenue Suite 200 Santa Rosa CA 95404 U S A DECLARES THAT THE PRODUCT Product Name 1 Network Time Servers and 2 Time amp Frequency Standards Mode Number 1 Tempus LX GPS Tempus LX CDMA Unison GPS Unison CDMA and 2 Tycho GPS Tycho CDMA CONFORMS TO THE FOLLOWING EUROPEAN DIRECTIVES RTTE Directive 99 5 Low Voltage Directive 73 23 EC EMG Directive 89 336 With Amendment 93 68 Supplementary Information Safety EN 60950 1992 A1 A2 1993 A3 1995 4 1997 A11 1998 EMC EN 55024 1998 wi A1 2000 and A2 2003 EN61000 3 2 2000 EN61000 3 3 1995 w A1 2001 EN55022 1998 Class A VCCI April 2004 Class A Part 15 Subpart B Class A ICES 003 Class A Year Mark First Applied 2004 I the undersigned hereby declare that the equipment specified above conforms to the above Directives and Standards Place Santa Rosa California USA Signature 000 2 a Date December 22 2004 Full Name Davi
61. OGIES Unison GPS Network Time Server Ons O Sync LED This green LED flashes to indicate synchronization status Network LED This amber LED illuminates when the Unison is connected to the network and flashes when receiving or transmitting packets Alarm LED This red LED illuminates briefly at power up and thereafter whenever a serious fault condition exists Antenna Jack RS 232 Connector 10 100Base T Jack 1PPS Jack Option PPS RS 422 Option AM Code Jack Option This TNC connector mates with the downlead cable from the external antenna This DB 9M connector provides the RS 232 serial I O console interface to the Unison This console allows the user to initialize and maintain the Unison See Chapter 5 RS 232 Serial I O Port Signal Definitions for detailed information This RJ 45 connector mates with the ethernet twisted pair cable from the network This optional BNC connector provides the 1PPS Output TTL The pulse width is normally 1 millisecond wide when shipped from the factory but can be changed via console command cpuoptsconfig See signal definition in Appendix J Specifications for the 1PPS Output This optional DB 9M connector provides the 1PPS output at RS 422 levels and is usually not installed The pulse width is normally 1 millisecond wide when shipped from the factory but can be changed via console command cpuoptsconfig Se
62. PS in 1PPS steps with optional DDS upgrade Connector Rear panel BNC jack labeled PROG TTL Note To change the output selection refer to the cpuopts and cpuoptsconfig commands in Chapter 5 Control and Status Commands Alarm MMBT2222A open collector grounded emitter High impedance in alarm state Voltage 40 VDC maximum Saturation Current 100 mA maximum Connector Rear panel BNC jack or terminal strip labeled ALARM Serial Time Output only port at RS 232 or RS 422 levels Baud Rate User Selectable to 4800 9600 19200 or 57600 Parity User Selectable to Odd Even or None ASCII Formats User Selectable to Sysplex EndRun EndRunX Truetime NENA or NMEA Connector Rear panel DB 9M connector labeled SERIAL TIME Pinout RS 232 Pin 3 is Transmit Data Pin 5 is GND Pinout RS 422 Pin 3 is Transmit Data Pin 6 is Transmit Data Pin 5 is GND Note See Appendix G Serial Time Output for more information Fixed Rate Positive TTL pulse 50Q Rate Preset at Factory and cannot be changed Accuracy lt 107 to UTC for 24 hour averaging times when locked Stability lt 10 for v lt 10 seconds lt 1077 for gt 10 seconds Connector Rear panel BNC jack labeled with appropriate rate such as 10MPPS CE FCC Compliance RTTE Directive 99 5 EC Low Voltage Directive 73 23 EC EMC Directive 89 336 EC With Amendment 93 68 EC Supplementary Compliance Data e Safety E
63. R18 9a61 BurstWrEn BurstRdEn NoUFlow SRAMSIZE 0x1700 SRAM BND 0x0800 assigned IRQ 12 eth0 registered as PCnet FAST III 79C973 pcnet32 1 cards found Tempus SC520 flash device 1000000 at 2000000 Amd Fujitsu Extended Query Table v1 3 at 0x0040 number of CFI chips 1 Creating 7 MTD partitions on Tempus SC520 Flash Bank 0x00000000 0x000e0000 Tempus kernel mtd Giving out device 0 to Tempus kernel 0x000e0000 0x00100000 Tempus Lo BootLdr mtd Giving out device 1 to Tempus Lo BootLdr 0x00100000 0x00200000 Tempus boot mtd Giving out device 2 to Tempus boot 0x00200000 0x00300000 Tempus logs mtd Giving out device 3 to Tempus logs 0x00300000 0x00900000 Tempus FACTORY rootfs mtd Giving out device 4 to Tempus FACTORY rootfs 0x00900000 0x00fe0000 Tempus UPGRADE rootfs mtd Giving out device 5 to Tempus UPGRADE rootfs 0x00fe0000 0x01000000 Tempus Hi BootLdr mtd Giving out device 6 to Tempus Hi BootLdr NET4 Linux TCP IP 1 0 for NET4 0 IP Protocols ICMP UDP TCP IGMP 9 Unison GPS User Manual CHAPTER TWO IP routing cache hash table of 512 buckets 4Kbytes TCP Hash tables configured established 2048 bind 2048 NET4 Unix domain sockets 1 0 SMP for Linux NET4 0 mtdblock_open ok RAMDISK Compressed image found at block 0 mtdblock_release ok VFS Mounted root ext2 filesystem Freeing unused kernel memory 68k freed INIT version 2 76 booting etc rc d rc S bin is a direct
64. S Subsystem is not receiving polling request from the Linux Subsystem This could be due to a hardware or software failure If the condi tion persists after cycling the power to the unit this is a fatal fault and the unit should be returned to the factory for repair Antenna Fault This bit indicates that the GPS antenna or downlead cable has a fault It indicates either an over or under current condition Usually it means that the antenna downlead cable is not plugged into the connector on the rear of the Unison If the condition persists after check ing the antenna downlead for obvious faults this is a fatal fault and the unit should be returned to the 39 Unison GPS User Manual CHAPTER FIVE factory for repair The example response indicates that there has been a period without tracking a GPS signal that ex ceeded the time out period that there was a FLASH Write Fault and that there is an Antenna Fault Query gpsstat Unison response LOCKED TFOM 4 2001 092 04 48 56 347916732 13 13 2 7 28605 41 6 008 gpstrkstat This command displays the current GPS Subsystem satellite tracking status A list of eight satellite numbers is displayed one for each receiver channel Satellite number 0 is an invalid number and indicates that no satellite is being tracked on that channel Valid satellite numbers range from to 32 Query gpstrkstat Unison response CURRENT SVs TRKD 08 11 13 22 31 00 00 00 gpsversion This command displays the
65. T INCIDENTAL SPECIAL EXEMPLARY OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES LOSS OF USE DATA OR PROFITS OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY WHETHER IN CONTRACT STRICT LIABILITY OR TORT INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE This software consists of voluntary contributions made by many individuals on behalf of the Apache Software Foundation For more information on the Apache Software Foundation please see lt http www apache org gt Portions of this software are based upon public domain software originally written at the National Center for Supercomputing Applications University of Illinois Urbana Champaign 87 Unison GPS User Manual APPENDIX F PTP Software License The PTP IEEE 1588 option as implemented in the Unison is coverd by patents and copyrights See the IEEE Standards Association at http standards ieee org db patents pat1390 html for patents that pertain the the Std No 1588 Information about the PTP Project led by Kendall Correll can be found at ptpd sourceforge net The distribution and usage of the PTP software is allowed as long as the following copyright notice is included in our documentation The following copyright notice applies to all files which
66. TIME OUTPUT The EndRunX format is identical to the EndRun format with the addition of two fields the cur rent leap second settings and the future leap second settings The following string is sent once each second TYYYY DDD 55 zZZ m FF lt CR gt lt LF gt T is the Time Figure of Merit TFOM character described in Appendix E TFOM This is the on time character YYYY is the year DDD is the day of year 15 the colon character 0x3A HH is the hour of the day MM 15 the minute of the hour SS 15 the second of the minute Z is the sign of the offset to UTC implies time is ahead of UTC ZZ is the magnitude of the offset to UTC in units of half hours Non zero only when the Timemode is Local m is the Timemode character and is one of G GPS L Local U UTC CC is the current leap seconds FF is the future leap seconds which will show a leap second pending 24 hours in advance lt CR gt is the ASCII carriage return character 0x0D lt LF gt is the ASCII line feed character 0x0A NENA is the United States National Emergency Number Association This organization has adopted several ASCII time code formats for use in PSAPs Public Safety Answering Points and they are specified in the NENA PSAP Master Clock Standard Issue 4 These ASCII time code formats are NENA Format 0 NENAO NENA Format 1 NENA1 and NENA Format 8 NENA8 NENAO lt CR gt lt LF gt Q DDD HH MM SS dTZ XX lt CR gt lt LF g
67. The TFOM number indicates the level of accuracy that should be included in the interpretation of the time of day and ranges from 3 to 9 time error is lt 100 nanoseconds time error is lt microseconds time error is lt 10 microseconds time error is lt 100 microseconds time error is lt 1 milliseconds time error is lt 10 milliseconds time error is gt 10 milliseconds unsynchronized state if never locked to GPS HW In all cases the Unison reports this value as accurately as possible even during periods of GPS signal outage where the Unison is unable to directly measure the relationship of its timing outputs to UTC During these GPS outage periods assuming that the Unison had been synchronized prior to the out age the Unison extrapolates the expected drift of the Unison timing signals based on its knowledge of the characteristics of the internal Temperature Compensated Crystal Oscillator TCXO Oven Controlled Crystal Oscillator OCXO or Rubidium oscillator The extrapolated TFOM is based on a conservative estimate of the performance of the oscillator and should be considered worst case for a typical benign ambient temperature environment Due to this extrapolation behavior after initial synchronization brief periods without GPS satellite visibility will not induce an immediate alarm condition Removal of the antenna to simulate this will induce an immediate alarm however If the condition persists f
68. The Unison supports several ap plication specific commands for performing initialization setup and for monitoring the performance and status of the Linux NTP and GPS Subsystems You do not need knowledge of Linux commands in order to operate the Unison However the Unison does support a subset of the standard Linux shell commands and utilities A wealth of information is available from a variety of sources on Linux Only the Unison specific commands will be described in this chapter The serial I O port physical and electrical characteristics are defined as well You do not need to know Linux in order to operate the Unison However for those interested the command shell used by the Unison is the Linux standard bash All commands and file names are case sensitive which is standard for Unix like operating systems If you are unfamiliar with Unix like operating systems and you would like to be able to more closely monitor or optimize the perfor mance of your Unison you should consult good Linux reference books like Linux in a Nutshell Seiver O Reilly amp Associates 1999 Running Linux Welsh Dalheimer amp Kaufman O Reilly amp Associates 1999 Or the web at http www tldp org 3 Unison GPS User Manual CHAPTER FIVE Available User Commands COMMAND FUNCTION accessconfig Interactive shell script that guides the user in configuring telnet ssh and snmpd access to the Unison that is limited to specific hosts The resulting
69. Timeserv UNIX Windows NT WordStar are registered trademarks of the respective holders Part No USM3017 0000 000 Revision 15 February 2012 Copyright EndRun Technologies 2005 2012 Unison GPS User Manual About This Manual This manual will guide you through simple installation and set up procedures Introduction The Unison how it works where to use it its main features Basic Installation How to connect configure and test your Unison with your network Client Set Up Two sections one for Unix like platforms and one for Windows NT 2000 XP Console Port Description of the Linux console commands for use over the network and serial ports If you detect any inaccuracies or omissions please inform us EndRun Technologies cannot be held responsible for any technical or typographical errors and reserves the right to make changes to the product and manuals without prior notice Warranty This product manufactured by EndRun Technologies is warranted against defects in material and workmanship for a period of three years from date of shipment under normal use and service Dur ing the warranty period EndRun Technologies will repair or replace products which prove to be defective For warranty service or repair this product must be returned to EndRun Technologies Buyer shall prepay shipping charges to send product to EndRun Technologies and EndRun Technologies shall pay shipping charges to return product to Buyer Ho
70. Unison GPS User Warranty Repair If you believe your equipment is in need of repair call EndRun Technologies and ask for a customer service agent It is important to contact us first as many problems may be resolved with a phone call Please have the serial number of the unit and the nature of the problem available before you call If it is determined that your equipment will require service we will issue an RMA number You will be asked for contact information including your name address phone number and e mail address Ship the unit prepaid in the original container or a container of sufficient strength and protection to EndRun Technologies EndRun will not be responsible for damage incurred during shipping to us Be sure the RMA number is clearly identified on the shipping container Our policy is to repair the unit within 5 business days If it is necessary to order parts or if other circumstances arise that require more than 5 days an EndRun service technician will contact you Loaner units are not included as part of the standard warranty Repair After Warranty Expiration If the warranty period has expired we offer repair services for equipment you have purchased from EndRun Call and ask for a customer service agent It is important to contact us first as many prob lems may be resolved with a phone call Please have the serial number of the unit and the nature of the problem available before you call If it is determined t
71. X IPv6 Capable syslog ng To enable remote syslogging to an IPv6 host you will need to edit the new etc syslog ng conf file and copy it to boot etc At boot time the presence of both the syslog ng daemon and the boot etc syslog ng conf file will cause the new IPv6 capable syslog ng daemon to be started instead of the previous syslogd klogd pair of daemons These two files remain on the system for backward compatibility with customers existing etc syslog conf setups but they are not IPv6 capable If you are not currently directing your system logs to a remote host or you are not using IPv6 then there is little or need or benefit to changing to syslog ng IPv4 Only Protocols There are several protocols which are not IPv6 capable telnet client and server http ftp and dhcpcd Due to their intrinsic insecurity telnet and ftp are repidly being deprecated and prob ably have little business running over an IPv6 network The address autoconfiguration capabilities of IPv6 make the DHCP protocol less important however it is likely that the new dhepve capability will appear in a future upgrade 48 Unison GPS User Manual EndRun C TECHNOLOGIES ChapterSeven HTTP Interface This chapter briefly describes the HTTP interface that resides on the Unison GPS Time Server The interface to the Unison is a fast and easy to use graphical interface that is compliant with your standard web browser Simply point your browser to
72. achine readable source code which must be distributed under the terms of Sections 1 and 2 above on a medium customarily used for software interchange or b Accompany it with a written offer valid for at least three years to give any third party for a charge no more than your cost of physically performing source distribution a complete machine readable copy of the corresponding source code to be distributed under the terms of Sections 1 and 2 above on a medium customarily used for software interchange or c Accompany it with the information you received as to the offer to distribute corresponding source code This alternative is allowed only for noncommercial distribution and only if you received the program in object code or executable form with such an offer in accord with Subsection b above The source code for a work means the preferred form of the work for making modifications to it For an executable work complete source code means all the source code for all modules it contains plus any associated interface definition files plus the scripts used to control compilation and installation of 83 Unison GPS User Manual APPENDIX F the executable However as a special exception the source code distributed need not include any thing that is normally distributed in either source or binary form with the major components com piler kernel and so on of the operating system on which the executable runs unless that component it
73. ard DES to encrypt the session data with passphrase endrun 1 The second line will cause a user nt puser to be created who may be authenticated using the Secure Hash Algorithm SHA with password 74 Unison GPS User Manual SIMPLE NETWORK MANAGEMENT PROTOCOL SNMP Tempus_0 Passwords and passphrases must have a minimum of 8 characters or you will not be able to be authenticated IMPORTANT You must kill the snmpa process prior to editing boot net snmp snmpd conf Otherwise the secret key creation may not complete properly Issue the command ps e to have the operating system dis play the list of running processes Look for the PID of the snmpa process and issue the kill command to stop it For example if the PID listed for the snmpd process is 53 then you would issue this command kill 53 You can verify that the process was terminated by re issuing the ps e command After rebooting the agent will read the boot net snmp snmpd conf configuration file and compute secret key s for each of the users and delete the createUser lines from the file It will then write the secret key s to the file These lines begin with the string usmuser In this way un encrypted passwords are not stored on the system IMPORTANT To generate new keys stop the snmpa process delete the existing usmuser key lines from the file boot net snmp snmpd conf and then add new createuser lines Then reboot the system This example gives the simplest configu
74. ars in all copies and that both the copyright notice and this permission notice appear in supporting documentation and that the name University of Delaware not be used in advertising or publicity pertaining to distribution of the software without specific written prior permission The University of Delaware makes no representations about the suitability this software for any purpose It is provided as is without express or implied warranty 0 x X X kk Ke sk sk ok ok oe ok ook ok ok Apache Software License The Apache server as implemented in the Unison is covered by copyrights See the license at http www apache org licenses LICENSE 1 1 Information about Apache can be found at http httpd apache org The distribution and usage of Apache is allowed as long as the following copyright notice is included in our documentation This notice applies as if the text was explicitly included each file The Apache Software License Version 1 1 Copyright c 2000 The Apache Software Foundation rights reserved Redistribution and use in source and binary forms with or without modification are permitted provided that the following conditions are met Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice thi
75. ary get 6010 0020 000 3 01 bin transfer the file quit close the ftp session after the transfer If you are using ssh you may open another command window on the remote computer and securely transfer the GPS Subsystem image to the tmp directory using scp from the remote computer A command like this could be used scp p 6010 0020 000 3 01 bin root gntp your domain tmp Now issue the following command to the Unison console to initiate the upload upgradegps tmp 6010 0020 000 3 01 bin This command is a script that performs the file transfer to the GPS engine It first tells the GPS en gine to enter the waiting for download mode and then prompts you with this line When you see the character hit enter to begin the upload Then it echos the serial port characters sent by the GPS engine to the console You should next see this message from the GPS engine Waiting for download using XMODEM 128 or XMODEM 1K both with CRC Control X will abort download After about 3 seconds you should see a capital C character appear When you do hit the lt enter gt key Now the script will initiate the XMODEM file transfer and display this message to the console Starting file upload should take about 90 seconds After about one minute you should see this message from the script sbin upgradegps line 26 27618 Terminated cat dev arm user You should see the GPS sub system startup message now If not you
76. cognize multiple trapsink lines within etc snmpd conf and send the generic SNMP coldStart or authenticationFailure traps to each destination the enterprise trap genera tion mechanism of the Unison will only send a trap to the last declared trapsink in the file To have your Unison send SNMPv2c notifications SMIv2 RFC 2578 or informs you must con figure the communities and destinations by uncommenting and editing one or both of these lines in etc snmpd conf trap2sink XXX XXX XXX XXX trap2community trap2port informsink XXX XXX XXX XXX informcommunity informport where trap2community and informcommunity should be replaced by your communities and S the IP address or hostname of the destination host for receiving the notifica tions or informs generated by the Unison By default the v2c trap or inform will be sent to port 162 You may optionally add another parameter trap2port or informport to the ends of the above lines to override the default port setting Otherwise leave it blank Note Though the agent will recognize multiple trap2sink or informsink lines within etc snmpd conf and send the generic SNMP coldStart or authenticationFailure notifications and informs to each destination the enterprise notification inform generation mechanism of the Unison will only send a notification to the last declared trap2sink and an inform to the last declared informsink in the file 73 Unison GPS User Con
77. compose the PTPd This notice applies as if the text was explicitly included each file Copyright c 2005 2008 Kendall Correll Aidan Williams Permission to use copy modify and or distribute this software for any purpose with or without fee is hereby granted provided that the above copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED AS IS AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRAN TIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL DIRECT INDIRECT OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE DATA OR PROFITS WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE 88 Unison GPS User Manual EndRun C VAN TECHNOLOGIES Sysplex Format AppendixG Serial Time Output This option is provided on a second RS 232 or RS 422 serial port It is a serial time string output that provides a once per second sequence of ASCI characters indicating the current time The time character is transmitted at the very beginning of each second with the leading edge of the start bit transmitted during the first 100 microseconds This output starts automatically at power up See Appendix J Specifications for pinout To configure this output use the cpusertime and cpusertimecon
78. d J Lobsinger Position P Hardware Engineering APPENDIX J 120 Unison GPS User Manual EndRun Ay v TECHNOLOGIES Special Modifications Changes for Customer Requirements From time to time EndRun Technologies will customize the standard Unison Network Time Server for special customer requirements If your unit has been modified then this section will describe what those changes are This section is blank 121 Unison GPS User Manual SPECIAL MODIFICATIONS 122 Unison GPS User Manual EndRun TECHNOLOGIES Smarter Timing Solutions 2270 Northpoint Parkway Santa Rosa CA 95407 TEL 1 877 749 3878 FAX 707 573 8619 www endruntechnologies com
79. dundant Grandmasters then you can configure the preferred clock by setting Priority 1 to 127 and Priority 2 to 128 The PTP Delay Mechanism is user configured either E2E or P2P E2E uses the delay request response mechanism P2P uses the peer delay mechanism The PTP Domain is user configured in a range from 0 to 255 The PTP Time Mode is user configured either UTC or PTP When UTC Time mode is configured the clock transmits the UTC epoch and sets the PTP Scale to ARB When the Time mode is PTP the clock transmits the PTP epoch TAT and sets the PTP Scale to PTP See About the PTP Second and UTC Time at the end of this appendix for more information The PTP Multicast TTL 1s user configured in a range from 1 to 255 For a local area network the TTL 15 configured to 1 PTP Clock Class either SYNCHRONIZED HOLDOVER or UNLOCKED The Clock Class is SYNCHRONIZED when the TFOM level is at 3 The Clock Class is HOLDOVER when the TFOM level 15 greater than 3 and less than 9 The Clock Class is UNLOCKED when the TFOM level is 9 The PTP Timescale either PTP or ARB When Time Mode is configured to PTP the clock transmits the Timescale as PTP When the Time mode is UTC the clock transmits the Timescale as ARB The PTP Port State either MASTER PASSIVE or LISTENING The PTP Port State is selected as MASTER by the best master clock algorithm otherwise it is PASSIVE or LISTENING The PTP Clock Source either GPS or OSC The PTP Clock Source is GPS if
80. e overwritten 76 Unison GPS User Manual Obtaining Reference Positions EndRun ANE TECHNOLOGIES AppendixD GPS Reference Position Your Unison is capable of operation from either an automatically determined GPS reference position or a manually entered GPS reference position If your Unison is unable to automatically determine this information itself this appendix describes the needed background information and procedures for determining an acceptably accurate GPS reference position in the proper World Geodetic Survey of 1984 WGS 84 geodetic datum If you need to provide an accurate lt 100 meter error reference position to your Unison because you are using a window mounted antenna with inadequate satellite visibility there are two good ways to do it 1 use a handheld GPS receiver to obtain a position near the location of your Unison antenna or 2 reference a geodetic database to obtain a position for your street address Using a Handheld GPS Receiver Obtain an inexpensive handheld GPS receiver Use it outside of the building to determine a position that is within 100 meters of the installed Unison antenna Make sure that the handheld GPS receiver is configured to report its positions in the WGS 84 datum Record the position and then make any adjustments to the height that might be necessary if the antenna is installed in a high rise building Input it to the Unison via the setgpsrefpos command Using the Internet Rea
81. e pinout details in Appendix J Specifications for the 1PPS RS 422 Output This BNC connector provides the optional amplitude modulated time code output and is usually labeled SPARE The time code output is normally IRIG B122 when shipped from the factory but can be changed via command cpuoptsconfig See details in Appendix J Specifications for the AM Code Output Unison GPS User Manual Performing an Initial Site Survey BASIC INSTALLATION Alarm Jack Option Prog TTL Jack Option 10 MPPS or 100 PPS etc Option Serial Time Option AC Power Input Jack DC Power Input Block This BNC connector or terminal strip provides the optional alarm output and is usually not installed If installed see details in Appendix I Specifications for the Alarm Output This BNC connector provides the optional Programmable TTL pulse rate output and is usually not installed If installed see signal definition in Appendix J Specifications This pulse rate is normally shipped from the factory as 10MPPS but can be changed via command cpuoptsconfig This BNC connector provides an optional customer specified rate output and is usually not installed If installed it will be labeled for the appropriate rate such as 10 MPPS or 100 PPS etc This output is set at the factory and cannot be changed See signal definition in Appendix J Specifications for the Fixed Rate Output This optional DB 9M connector provides th
82. e serial I O interface with a once per second ASCII time string output and is usually not installed For further information refer see description in Appendix G Serial Time Output This IEC 320 standard three prong connector provides AC power This optional 3 position terminal block provides connection to the DC power source and replaces the AC power input jack 9 epee Using the status LED indicators it s easy to find out if your Unison will work in your desired loca tion 1 Screw the TNC plug on the end of the antenna cable onto the TNC antenna input jack on the chas sis rear panel of the Unison 2 Plug one end of the supplied AC power cord into an 85 270 VAC outlet 3 Plug the other end into the AC input connector on the chassis rear panel of the Unison Place the antenna in a window or for best performance mount it on the roof using the supplied mounting hardware Make sure that it is not blocked by large metallic objects closer than one meter Although the antenna should normally be installed in a vertical orientation for rooftop installations when window mounting it should be pointed out the window in the direction that gives the best clear view to the sky This will improve its ability to receive signals from satellites near the horizon For more information see Appendix I Installing the GPS Antenna Initially upon power up Unison GPS User Manual Installing the Unison CHAPTER TWO 1
83. e syslog ng HTTP Interface Description St Er ex 0 50 all ee Ol Navigation itane ed 91 Receiver ERE eros case ae Receiver Oscillator Page DO Glok Page TOS Ce Ot aa a aaa 1 0 Page 53 99 HVE ORC IP Va aree ioia Network DNS DD Fire Pra ceno encuentres e tuo ui c eu as LOAD Disabling The HTTP Protocol OO Unison GPS User Manual Linux Operating System
84. e to Verifying Network Configuration to make sure that the network parameters were set up correctly Otherwise it is recommended that you read the following sections on use of the RS 232 serial I O port now since they will help you in debugging any problems that you may encounter with the automatic configuration via DHCP If your network does not use DHCP you will need to configure your ethernet interface using the RS 232 serial port The following sections contain brief descriptions on how to do that Configuring Ethernet with the Serial Port To configure your ethernet interface with the serial port after logging in as the root user you must run a simple shell script called netcon ig from the bash shell prompt This shell script will prompt you for the needed information and perform some syntax checking on your inputs Then it will create or modify the appropriate files needed to configure the ethernet interface The following sections will guide you in setting up communications with the Unison using its RS 232 serial I O port Connect the RS 232 Serial 1 O Port You will need to use the RS 232 serial I O port if your network does not support the Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol DHCP In that case you must be able to configure the Unison network 7 Unison GPS User Manual CHAPTER TWO parameters manually using the Linux console shell interface which is provided by this serial I O port Under certain conditions you may also need t
85. e upgrade If your unit does not boot up successfully and you are not able to telnet or ssh into the system after 90 seconds then there has been some kind of problem with the upgrade It is possible that the file downloaded was corrupt or that you forgot to set your FTP download file mode to binary when down loading the file either from the EndRun Technologies website or when transferring it to the Unison Recovering from a Failed Upgrade To restore your Unison to a bootable state using the factory root file system you must use the serial I O port and reboot the Unison by cycling the power Refer to Chapter 2 Connect the Serial Port and Test the Serial Port for setup details When you have connected your terminal to the serial port apply power to the Unison Pay close attention to the terminal window while the unit is rebooting After the Linux bootloader displays the message To override and boot the FACTORY partition type FACTORY within 5 seconds you must begin typing factory within five seconds to let the bootloader know that you are going to override the default root file system After you hit lt enter gt the bootloader will boot the factory root 66 Unison GPS User UPGRADING THE FIRMWARE file system Watch the rest of the boot process to make sure that you have successfully recovered If the system boots normally then you should resolve the problems with the previous upgrade and re perform
86. ecs O 1 GPS or ATOM 2 GPS or ATOM GPS or ATOM Never locked The leap 59 and leap_61 report either TRUE or FALSE FALSE is reported when no leap inser tion or deletion is pending The leap 61 reports TRUE on the day of a leap second insertion The leap 59 is TRUE on the day of a leap second deletion The PTP Time Mode is user configured either UTC or PTP When UTC time mode is configured the clock transmits the UTC epoch When the time mode is the clock transmits the epoch TAL See About the PTP Second and UTC Time below for more information The PTP Multicast TTL value is factory set to the IEEE 1588 standard that defines TTL 1 The TTL value may be set to any value from 1 255 When set to any value other than 1 you must also config ure the PTP Slave accordingly The PTP Time Mode selections are PTP and UTC The IEEE 1588 standard defines the PTP epoch beginning at 0 hours on 1 January 1970 The time measured since this epoch is designated in the standard as PTP seconds The PTP second is monotonic so does not include leap seconds Unlike PTP the UTC second is not monotonic that 1s from time to time there will be leap second insertions The last second of a leap day is 23 59 60 making the day one second longer than a normal day ending at 23 59 59 PTP Second When the PTP time mode is set to PTP the slave clocks must utilize the current leap second and leap second pending flags leap 59 or leap 61 to convert
87. ed Refer to Appendix Precision Time Protocol IEEE 1588 for more information setantfltmask This command allows the user to enable or mask the GPS antenna fault Parameter for this command is either MASKED or ENABLED Setting this command to MASKED will prevent the antenna fault from creating an alarm condition Some installations may need to mask this fault due to special antenna situations like splitters or DC blocks that confuse the antenna detection circuit The factory default setting is ENABLED Set antfltmask MASKED Unison response Antenna Fault Mask set to MASKED setgpsdynmode This command accepts a single argument ON or OFF to allow the user to set the dynamic mode of operation of the GPS Subsystem By default the unit is configured for static operation so this setting is OFF If the Unison will be mounted on a moving platform like a ship then this setting must be changed to ON The change takes place immediately and is stored non volatilely Set setgpsdynmode ON Unison response GPS Dynamic Mode is ON setgpsrefpos This command starts an interactive shell script that will allow the user to set the accurate reference position of the Unison By default the unit is configured to locate itself using the GPS satellites In some situations visibility of the sky is limited and the unit will not be able to determine its position In this case the user must determine an accurate WGS 84 position by other means and input it usi
88. ed length string having these fields LKSTAT TFOM YEAR DOY HH MM SS sssssssss LS LF S N VCDAC C No FLTS Where LKSTAT isthe tracking status of the GPS Subsystem either LOCKED or NOTLKD TFOM A detailed explanation of TFOM is in Appendix E Time Figure of Merit Briefly TFOM indicates clock accuracy where time error is lt 100 ns time error is lt 1 us time error is lt 10 us time error is lt 100 us time error is lt 1 ms time error is lt 10 ms time error is gt 10 ms unsynchronized state if never locked to GPS BW is the year of the UTC timestamp of the most recent NTP polling request received by the GPS Subsystem from the NTP reference clock driver DOY is the day of year of the UTC timestamp of most recent NTP polling request received by the GPS Subsystem from the NTP reference clock driver HH MM SS sssssssss is the hour minute second subsecond UTC timestamp of the most recent NTP polling request received by the GPS Subsystem from the NTP daemon reference clock driver LS is the current number of leap seconds difference between the UTC and GPS timescales 13 at the time of this writing LF is the future at the next UTC midnight number of leap seconds difference between the UTC and GPS timescales 13 at the time of this writing 5 is the Signal Processor State one of 0 Acquiring 1 GPS Locking 2 GPS Locked N is the number of GPS satellites being tracked
89. ed with a single argument passed on the command line the path to the previously uploaded kernel image file For example upgradekernel tmp 6010 0041 100 bzimage The kernel upgrade utility verifies the integrity of the file reads the kernel version information pres ents it to you and asks you to verify before replacing the old kernel image If you verify it will then erase the old image and write the new one in its place The erase and write operation takes about 10 seconds A power failure during the kernel erase and write operation would render your unit unbootable It is highly advisable to plug your unit into a UPS while performing the kernel upgrade 67 Unison GPS User Manual APPENDIX B Performing the GPS Subsystem Upgrade To perform this upgrade log in as the root user to the Unison using either the local console serial I O port telnet or ssh and perform these operations Change the working directory to the tmp directory cd tmp If you are using tp to perform the upgrade transfer the previously downloaded file using binary transfer mode from the remote host to the working directory tmp The GPS Subsystem image will be named with the software part number and version like 60 0 0020 000 3 01 bin When following the instructions below substitute the name of the actual GPS Subsystem image that you are installing for 6010 0020 000 3 01 bin ftp remote host perform ftp login on remote host bin set transfer mode to bin
90. ers etc directory If your NTP installation placed this file in a different place you must find it and edit it For example XP uses windows system32 drivers etc Add these lines to the end of the ntp conf file keys winnt system32 drivers etc ntp keys trustedkey 1 2 Modify the line added previously in Basic NTP Client Setup so that authentication will be used with the Unison server using one of the trusted keys in this case key 1 server 192 168 1 245 key 1 Restart exe to have it begin using the Unison server with MDS authentication By default the 29 Unison GPS User Manual Broadcast Multicast NTP Client Setup CHAPTER FOUR NTP installation program installs ntpd exe as a service called Network Time Protocol and starts it You must use the Services utility in Control Panel to stop the Network Time Protocol service and then restart it Use the NTP utility ntpq exe to check that ntpd exe is able to communicate with the Unison By default it is installed in the Program Files Network Time Protocol sub directory of your Windows NT 2000 XP partition From a console window after issuing the command ntpq you will see ntpq exe command prompt ntpq gt Use the command peers to display the NTP peers which your computer is using One of them should be the Unison server which you have just configured You should verify that it is being reached You may have to con tinue issuing the peers command for a
91. es which begin with are generated by the upgradegps script All other lines are from the GPS Subsystem with the exception of the shell message indicat ing that the process cat dev arm user has been terminated which is normal In this example the character was received three times before the user hit the ENTER key to begin the transfer The last three lines are the boot messages that are sent by the GPS Subsystem as it comes up The firmware version should match that of the binary file that was uploaded See Performing the GPS Upgrade in Appendix B Upgrading the Firmware for more information 45 Unison GPS User Manval RS 232 Serial 1 0 Port Signal Definitions CHAPTER FIVE Set upgradegps tmp 6010 0020 000 bin Unison response When you see the character hit enter to begin the upload Waiting for download using XMODEM 128 or XMODEM 1K both with CRC Control X will abort download ccc Starting file upload should take about 90 seconds sbin upgradegps line 26 27618 Terminated cat lt dev arm_user You should see the GPS subsystem startup message now If not you may need to check your binary file and re perform the procedure Tempus Bootloader 6010 0050 000 v 1 00 May 28 2004 17 31 05 FW 6010 0020 000 v 1 00 Aug 18 2004 10 47 41 FPGA 6020 0005 000 v 0202 upgradekernel This script allows the user to change the Linux kernel firmware It requires one argument the pa
92. f the daemons running on the system You should follow the instructions contained in comments in the file for disabling the sshd daemon Placing a character at the beginning of a line makes it a comment line so that it will not be executed See Using Edit above IMPORTANT After editing etc rc d rc local and or etc rc d rc inet2 you must copy them to the Doot etc rc d directory and reboot the system It is very important to retain the access mode for these files so be sure to use p when performing the copy During the boot process the files contained in the boot etc re d directory are copied to the working ete re d directory on the system RAM disk In this way the fac tory defaults are overwritten The secure shell protocol server running in the Unison is based on the portable OpenSSH for Linux As such it supports both SSH1 and SSH2 protocol versions By default only SSH2 is enabled due to security issues with SSH1 For more information about this protocol and to obtain client software refer to the OpenSSH website http www openssh com An excellent book which describes operation and configuration of the various SSH implementations including OpenSSH is available from O Reilley amp Associates SSH The Secure Shell Barrett amp Silverman amp Associates 2001 In the interest of conserving scarce system memory resources only the secure shell server daemon sshd and the secure copy utility scp are im
93. fig commands see Chapter 5 Control and Status Commands There are several different formats for this string The format baud rate and parity can all be changed via console command cpusertimeconfig Baud rate selections are 57600 19200 9600 and 4800 Parity selections are odd even and none Format selections are Sysplex Truetime EndRun En dRunX NENA and NMEA Sysplex means SYStem comPLEX and is a term used to describe computing on clusters of comput ers The Sysplex option is designed to provide time synchronization for an IBM Sysplex Timer It can also be used for precise time synchronization by any computers that do not use NTP and have an available serial port connection The time contained in the string is UTC and it is sent once each second lt SOH gt DDD HH MM SSQ lt CR gt lt LF gt lt SOH gt is the ASCII Start of Header character 0x01 DDD is the day of year is the colon character 0x3A HH is the hour of the day MM is the minute of the hour SS is the second of the minute Q is the time quality indicator and may be either lt space gt ASCII space character 0x20 which indicates locked ASCII question mark 0x3F which indicates the unsynchronized condition lt CR gt is the ASCII carriage return character 0x0D and is the on time character lt LF gt is the ASCII line feed character 0x0A 89 Unison GPS User Manual Truetime Format EndRun Format APPENDIX G The format of the True
94. figuration of SNMPv3 APPENDIX IMPORTANT After editing etc smmpd conf you must copy it to the boot ete directory and reboot the system It is very important to retain the access mode for the file readable only by root so be sure to use cp p when performing the copy During the boot process the files contained in the boot ete directory are cop ied to the working ete directory on the system RAM disk In this way the factory defaults are overwritten If you are planning to use SNMPv3 you should definitely make use of the two resources mentioned previously NET SNMP website and Essential SNMP and study them carefully There are rather elaborate configuration options available when you are using v3 The instruction presented here will give you the flavor of the configuration but definitely not the full scope of possibilities To access your Unison via v3 of SNMP you will have to configure two files etc snmpd conf boot net snmp snmpd conf The first file contains static configuration parameters that the agent uses to control access and to de termine where to send notifications traps Other aspects of the agent s operation are also configurable in this file but you should not need to modify those To use the SNMPv3 capabilities of the Unison you must first set up user information and access limits for those users in etc snmpd conf Uncom ment and edit these two lines to define your v3 users and their access parameters rwuser
95. firmware and hardware versions of the GPS Subsystem Query gpsversion Unison response F W 1 00 FPGA 0202 gntphwaddr This command displays the ethernet hardware address if the IP network is properly configured Oth erwise it returns nothing Query gntphwaddr Unison response 00 D0 C9 25 78 59 gntposctype This command displays the installed oscillator type It is or MS OCXO The standard oscil lator is the TCXO Query gntposctype Unison response Installed Oscillator is TCXO gntppasswd This command allows the root user to change the passwords of the two configured users on the sys tem root and gntpuser Arguments passed to gntppasswd on the command line are passed verba tim to the real passwd binary program When passwd returns the resulting modified etc shadow file is copied to the non volatile boot etc directory To change root password Set cntppasswd Unison response The passwd interactive utility starts To change cntpuser password Set cntppasswd cntpuser Unison response The passwd interactive utility starts 40 Unison GPS User CONTROL AND STATUS COMMANDS gntprootfs This command displays the currently booted root file system image It can be either UnisonGPS_0 factory image or UnisonGPS 1 field upgrade image Refer to Appendix B Upgrading the Firm ware for detailed instructions on performing the upgrade procedure Query gntprootfs Unison response BOOT IMAGE UnisonGPS 1
96. g an Initial Site Survey 5 Installing the 6 Mo ntthe Unison cee ooh sa te in 6 Connecting the DC Power Option 7 Connecting and Configuring 7 Configuring Ethernet with the Serial Port 7 1 RS 232 Serial I O Unison GPS User Manual Test the e She Sec cess ei tS ole cdg UNS bus bw BR ESI DRM halos 8 Using netconfig to Set Up 1 1 Verify Network Configuration 13 Check Network Operation 14 Using Telnet gt SRI 14 Uno cee EP 15 aude eate 16 Configuring the Network Time Protocol 16 Configuring NTP Using the Network Interface Serial Port 16 Configuring the Unison as a Stratum 2 18 Edit as aa elves Rives Res Aa ied Re areca eG 19 Cha
97. g this script for the changes to take effect The following is a transcript of the question and answer configuration utility provided by ptpconfig The user entered parameters are underlined Unison GPS root cntp gt ptpconfig kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk Precision Time Protocol Configuration k d ki k d iik k k kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk This script will allow you to configure the ptp conf file that controls the PTP daemon operation You will be able to configure the PTP sync_interval preferred state subdomain_name and time_mode Unison If you make a mistake just re run ptpconfig prior to re booting The changes you make now will not take effect until you re boot the You will now be prompted for the necessary set up parameters tke che ce e he he he he se she ehe che he che she he hee e echec he cese he che cse he che she che cese se che che ce he cese PTP preferred Configuration Set PTP preferred TRUE FALSE TRUE PTP sync interval Configuration Set the PTP sync interval in seconds 1 2 8 16 64 2 PTP subdomain name Configuration Set the PTP subdomain name DFLT ALT1 ALT2 ALT3 DFLT PTP time mode configuration Set the PTP time mode UTC or PTP PTP PTP ttl configuration Set the PTP ttl value 1 255 1 kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk
98. gure NTP Client for Multicast 3 Test Broddcast MUlticast ta arene eX EE EE ou ew eon 32 Unison GPS User Manual apter Five Control and Status 5 33 General Linux Shell Operation OO Available User Commands 04 Detailed Command Descriptions 90 acessconfig dua MO ML Vu eee ee med tee al 30 36 36 ET quopts cpuoptscontig CETT RTT T 37 37 38 40 40 40 40 40 4 4 42 gpsdynmode
99. hat the equipment has failed and you want EndRun to perform the repairs we will issue you an RMA number Ship the unit prepaid in the original container or a container of sufficient strength and protection to EndRun Technologies EndRun will not be responsible for damage incurred during shipping to us Customer is responsible for shipping costs to and from EndRun Technologies Be sure the RMA number is clearly identified on the shipping container After the equipment has been received we will evaluate the nature of the problem and contact you with the cost to repair parts and labor and an estimate of the time neces sary to complete the work Limitation of Liability The remedies provided herein are Buyer s sole and exclusive remedies EndRun Technologies shall not be liable for any direct indirect special incidental or consequential damages whether based on contract tort or any other legal theory EndRun Contact Information Address EndRun Technologies 2270 Northpoint Parkway Santa Rosa CA 95407 U S A Phone 707 573 8633 Fax 707 573 8619 Sales 1 877 749 3878 or 707 573 8633 sales endruntechnologies com Support 1 877 749 3878 or 707 573 8633 support endruntechnologies com Unison GPS User Manual Unison GPS User Manual Table of Contents Preface Ced M aut al ays vere PR i About EndRun Technologies i Trademark
100. he agent configuration concepts Prior to SNMPv3 SNMP had definite security inadequacies due to using two community names in a manner analogous to passwords that were transmitted over the network as clear text In addition since no mechanism existed for authenticating or encrypting session data any number of man in the middle data corruption replacement exploits were possible in addition to plain old snooping to learn the community names SNMPv3 implements the User based Security Model USM defined in RFC 2274 which employs modern cryptographic technologies to both authenticate multiple users and to encrypt their session data for privacy much in the same way that SSH does for remote login shell users In addition it implements the View based Access Control Model VACM defined in RFC 2275 This RFC defines mechanisms for limiting the access of multiple users having various security levels no authentication authentication or authentication plus privacy to specific views of the Structure of Management Information SMT object tree In addition to providing the SNMP variables contained in MIB II as described in RFC 1213 EndRun Technologies has implemented an enterprise MIB using the syntax of the SMI version 2 SMIv2 as described in RFC 2578 71 Unison GPS User Manual Invocation of the SNMP daemon Quick Start Configuration SNMPv1 vXc APPENDIX C TEMPUSLXUNISON MIB Which is located on your Unison in this ASCII file us
101. he antenna into the mounting adaptor Tighten firmly against rubber gasket on bottom of antenna Excessive force is not necessary and may damage threads Do not use thread locking compound Secure mounting pipe to available pipe or roof structure using hose clamps as shown Run the antenna cable into the building and connect to instrument GPS antenna connector Nu ANTENNA TNC lo dust ANTENNA CABLE MOUNTING ADAPTOR MOUNTING PIPE HOSE E Nc ngo VENT PIPE HOSE HAB f B 5050 0015 000 1 of 1 18Dec2007 109 Unison GPS User Manual Long Cable Runs APPENDIX Most GPS Time Servers are installed with only 50 feet 15 meters of antenna cable However there are many circumstances where 50 feet is inadequate EndRun can accommodate a cable length of up to 1000 feet using a combination of low loss cable and preamplifiers Recommended Cable The factory supplied GPS cable is RG 59 Belden 9104 or Belden 1505A depending on length If you are responsible for the GPS installation and you are supplying the cable then you need to make sure it is comparable with less than 10 dB of loss at 1 5 GHz Choosing a cable type that is different can cause a myriad of GPS reception problems If the cable length is less than 700 feet then Belden 9104 is appropriate If the cable length is greater than 700 feet then Belden 1505A is the cable of choice You will also need preamplifiers if the cable length is greater than 250 feet See
102. he data contained in its transmissions The receiver can use this data to relate the time of arrival of the received transmissions from that satellite to GPS time All of this means that during normal operation the source of the timing information being transmit ted from each of the satellites is directly traceable to UTC Due to the nature of the GPS spread spectrum Code Division Multiple Access CDMA modulation scheme this timing information may be extracted by a well designed receiver with a precision of a few nanoseconds The GPS time and frequency engine in the Unison does just that Since signals from the GPS satellites are available at all locations on the globe you may deploy the Unison virtually anywhere However you must be able to install an antenna either on the rooftop or in a window so that satellite transmissions may be received at least several times during the day Once synchronized the Unison can maintain acceptable network synchronization accuracy for about a day without GPS reception by flywheeling on its standard temperature compensated crystal oscilla tor Because the Unison has been designed to operate in conjunction with existing public domain NTP SNTP client software that has been created for use with similar time servers it may be used in any computer network environment that is using TCP IP protocols Although client software is available for all platforms for the most precise applications the Unix like operating
103. ia the HTTP interface For security reasons you may not change any settings via the HTTP interface See Chapter 7 HTTP Interface for more information IMPORTANT SSH Telnet SNMP and HTTP are all enabled with default passwords To ensure security change the pass words or disable the protocols To change the passwords for SSH Telnet and HTTP use the gntppasswa command To change the passwords community strings for SNMP see Appendix C SNMP To disable Telnet use the inecacon ig command To disable SSH SNMP and HTTP see Appendix A Security Disabling Protocols Now that the network has been configured and tested you may configure the operation of the NTP server By default the Unison is configured to respond to NTP requests from clients that may or may not be using MD5 authentication If the clients are using MDS authentication they must be config ured properly with the same MDS authentication keys as the Unison If you need to modify the fac tory default Unison MD5 keys recommended or set up broadcast multicast operation then you will need to reconfigure the NTP Subsystem You may perform the configuration from eithera telnet or ssh session or the local RS 232 console If you would like to configure your server for multicast operation configure it as you would for broadcast operation with the exception that you must enter this specific NTP multicast address 224 0 1 1 when you are prompted to enter the broadcast address
104. ify the Program subject to these terms and conditions You may not impose any further restrictions on the recipients exercise of the rights granted herein You are not responsible for enforcing compliance by third parties to this License 7 If as a consequence of a court judgment or allegation of patent infringement or for any other reason not limited to patent issues conditions are imposed on you whether by court order agree ment or otherwise that contradict the conditions of this License they do not excuse you from the conditions of this License If you cannot distribute so as to satisfy simultaneously your obligations under this License and any other pertinent obligations then as a consequence you may not distribute the Program at all For example if a patent license would not permit royalty free redistribution of the Program by all those who receive copies directly or indirectly through you then the only way you could satisfy both it and this License would be to refrain entirely from distribution of the Program If any portion of this section is held invalid or unenforceable under any particular circumstance the balance of the section is intended to apply and the section as a whole is intended to apply in other circumstances It is not the purpose of this section to induce you to infringe any patents or other property right claims or to contest validity of any such claims this section has the sole purpose of protecting the integrity
105. iguration will need to edit these two files and copy them to the boot etc apache directory See Using Edit above For SSL it is recommended that new certificates are generated and installed on the Apache web server with mod ssl The current certificates included are located in etc apache ssl ctr etc apache ssl csr and etc apache ssl key New certificates CSRs and private keys will need to be saved in boot etc apache ssl crt boot etc apache ssl csr and boot etc apache ssl key directories By default the Apache server configuration file httpd conf for httpd is factory configured It contains the configuration directives that give the server its instructions Although not required the directives may be changed by editing etc apache httpd conf and then copying it to boot etc apache Do not attempt to change the directives unless you have a real need to do so An excellent book which describes operation and configuration of the various HTTP directives and SSL configuration is Professional Apache Wainwright Wrox Press 1999 To disable HTTP see Disable SNMP and HTTP above 62 Unison GPS User Upgrade Via The HTTP Interface EndRun OW TECHNOLOGIES Appendix Upgrading the Firmware Periodically EndRun Technologies will make bug fixes and enhancements to our products available for download from our website All such downloads are freely available to our customers without charge You may sec
106. in the file restrict default nomodify This line eliminates control access from ALL hosts Query access is not affected by this restriction Knowledgable NTP users who would like to customize the security aspects of the configuration of the NTP daemon in the Unison should edit the etc ntp conf file directly and then copy it to the boot etc directory Be sure to retain the ownership and permissions of the original file by using cp p when performing the copy If you are planning to make changes to the etc ntp conf file you must not restrict query access from the local host to the NTP daemon Various system monitoring processes running on the system require this access An example follows which shows how to restrict query access to a specific remote host with IP ad dress 192 168 1 10 while also allowing processes running on the Unison to have query access as well restrict default noquery nomodify restrict localhost nomodify restrict 192 168 1 10 nomodify 61 Unison GPS User Manual APPENDIX A HTTP The HTTP server in the Unison is built from the standard Apache 1 3 33 distribution from http httpd apache org It uses HTTPS HTTP over SSL with 551 the Apache interface to OpenSSL For more infor mation about this protocol refer to http www modssl org HTTP and SSL use two files for the default configuration located in etc apache These are httpd conf ss conf Advanced users who need to modify the default conf
107. indication persists then you must check your configuration for errors Typically this is due to a typing error in creating the etc ntp keys file on the client that causes a mismatch between the keys being used by the server and client If you transfer the file by ftp or sep this shouldn t be a problem It is also possible to have a typing error in the etc ntp conf file that causes the needed key to not be included in the trustedkey list Broadcast multicast client setup is relatively simple if You have been able to successfully communicate with the Unison on your network Your Unison has been configured to perform broadcasts or multicasts by running the ntpconfig shell script This is not the factory default configuration so be sure to run ntpconfig If you going to use MDS authentication your Unison must have been configured to operate with authenti cation in the broadcast multicast mode and you must know which of the trusted keys it 15 using for broadcast multicast operation The example Unison configuration shown in Chapter 2 Configuring the Network Time Protocol will be assumed in the example configuration commands shown here You have installed NTP on your client computer You have successfully performed the MD5 Authenticated NTP Client Setup on your client com puter if you plan to use MDS authentication Configure NTP Client for Broadcast You must edit the ntp conf file which ntpd the NTP daemon look
108. ing in directly as root is not permit ted This is a security measure that makes it slightly more difficult to gain access by simply trying passwords since it is also necessary to know the name of a user When you initiate a telnet session with the Unison this banner will be displayed 14 Unison GPS User Manual BASIC INSTALLATION kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk Welcome to Unison GPS telnet console on gntp your domain kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk gntp login Here you may log in as gntpuser with password Praecis When logged in as gntpuser you may check status information and view log files but you will not be able to modify any system settings or view secure files After correctly entering the password at this prompt Password the sign on message is shown It identifies the host system as Unison GPS and shows the software part number version and build date Unison GPS 6010 0004 000 v 1 00 Wed May 16 14 17 44 UTC 2002 Unison GPS root gntp gt This last line is the standard Unison GPS shell prompt The Unison uses the bash shell which is the Linux standard full featured shell After configuring the unit you should change the passwords using the gntppasswd command issued from the shell prompt To gain root access you must now issue the super user command at the shell prompt Unison GPS root gntp
109. is page lists all possible fault conditions of the GPS Subsystem The various faults are described below Unison GPS User Manual CHAPTER SEVEN FLASH This fault indicates that the microprocessor was unable to verify a write to the FLASH non volatile parameter storage area This should not ever occur under normal operation The unit should be returned to the factory for repair FPGA This fault indicates that the microprocessor was unable to configure the FPGA This would be a fatal fault and the unit should be returned to the factory for repair Signal This fault indicates that the unit has not been able to acquire a GPS signal for one hour while the Time Figure of Merit has been 9 the unsynchronized condition This could be due to a variety of reasons If there are no other faults that could explain the inability to receive a signal then there could be an or antenna failure or blockage If the condition persists indefinitely and a problem with the antenna is not evident the unit may need to be returned to the factory for repair DAC This fault indicates that the electronic frequency control DAC for the oscillator has reached either the high 55000 or low 10000 limit while locked to the GPS signal Unless the unit is being subjected to out of specification environmental conditions this would indicate that the oscillator frequency has drifted near to the end of life region This should normally only occur after about ten years of o
110. it Performing the Linux Kernel Upgrade The Unison is shipped from the factory with a kernel that is IPv4 only capable only If you want to upgrade your kernel to the IPv4 IPv6 capable one then you must first be sure that your root file system 15 version 2 60 or later To see the root file system version type gntpversion at the network serial port To upgrade your kernel log in as the root user to the Unison using the local console serial port telnet or ssh and perform these operations If you are using tp to perform the upgrade transfer the previously downloaded file using binary transfer mode from the remote host to a temporary location on your Unison using FTP The IPv6 kernel image will be named with the software part number like 6010 0041 100 bzimage When fol lowing the instructions below substitute the name of the actual kernel image that you are installing for 6010 004 1 100 bzimage Issue these commands from the console of your Unison ftp remote host perform ftp login on remote host bin set transfer mode to binary get 6010 0041 100 bzimage tmp transfer the file quit close the ftp session after transfer If you are using ssh you may open a command window on the remote computer and securely trans fer the root file system image using scp from the remote computer to your Unison A command like this should be used scp p 6010 0041 100 bzimage root gntp your domain tmp The kernel upgrade utility is execut
111. itions are raw FLASH blocks have no file system and may not be mounted They are ac cessed through low level devices To protect the factory root file system from accidental erasure or over writing the device node has been deleted The upgrade FLASH disk partition is accessed via dev rootfs 1 When performing an upgrade you will be copying the new image to this device Some browsers will automatically unzip the file when downloading from the website Please make sure that the downloaded file size matches what the website says it should be Upgrading the partition with a too large file size will cause problems To perform the upgrade log in as the root user to the Unison using the local console serial I O port telnet or ssh and perform these operations First erase the upgrade partition by issuing this command at the shell prompt eraserootfs_1 If you are using tp to perform the upgrade transfer the previously downloaded file using binary transfer mode from the remote host to dev rootfs 1 on your Unison using FTP The root file system image will be named with the software part number and version like 6010 004x 000 3 00 02 When following the instructions below substitute the name of the actual root file system image that you are installing for 60 0 004x 000_3 00 gz Issue these commands from the console of your Unison ftp remote_host perform ftp login on remote host bin set transfer mode to binary get 6010 004x 000_3 00 gz dev ro
112. ival of transmissions from at least four satellites are needed For accurate time transfer to a receiver at a known position recep tion of the transmissions from a single satellite is sufficient The GPS system designers defined system time to be GPS time GPS time is maintained by an ensemble of high performance cesium beam atomic frequency standards located on the earth s surface GPS time is measured relative to UTC as maintained by the United States Naval Observa tory USNO and maintained synchronous with UTC USNO except that it does not suffer from the periodic insertion of leap seconds Such discontinuities would unnecessarily complicate the system s navigation mission Contained in the data transmitted from each satellite is the current offset between GPS time and UTC USNO This offset is composed of the current integer number of leap seconds difference and a small residual error that is typically less than 10 nanoseconds Each satellite in the constellation contains redundant cesium beam or rubidium vapor atomic frequen cy standards These provide the timebase for all transmissions from each satellite These transmis sions are monitored from ground stations located around the world and carefully measured relative to 1 Unison GPS User Manual Where to Use It Main Features CHAPTER ONE GPS time The results of these measurements for each satellite are then uploaded to that satellite so that they may be incorporated into t
113. kkk kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk Now reboot the system by issuing this command at the shell prompt shutdown r now PTPv2 Status Using the Network or Serial Port The gptp2stat command allows you to query the status of the PTPv2 subsystem The ptp2d dae mon running on the system updates the var log ptp monitor every five seconds under normal opera tion This logfile is parsed and formated to provide the status string having these fields V SI AI P1 P2 DM DOM MODE TTL CLASS SCALE STATE CLKID UTC UTCV CA L59 161 TT FT 100 Unison GPS User PTP IEEE 1588 Where SI AI P2 DM DOM MODE TTL CLASS SCALE STATE CLKID UTC UTCV CA L59 161 TT FT 101 is the IEEE 1588 version 2 for the 2008 standard is the PTP sync interval either 1 or 2 seconds is the PTP announce interval either 1 2 4 8 or 16 seconds is the priority 1 in a range from 0 to 255 is the PTP priority 2 in a range from 0 to 255 is the PTP delay mechanism either E2E or P2P is the PTP domain in a range from 0 to 255 is the PTP time mode either UTC or PTP is the PTP multicast ttl in a range from 1 to 255 is the PTP clock class either SYNCHRONIZED HOLDOVER or UNLOCKED is the PTP timescale either PTP or ARB is the PTP port state either MASTER PASSIVE or LISTENING is the PTP clock source either GPS or OSC is the PTP utc
114. kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk The Unison GPS Network Time Protocol configuration has been updated Please reboot now for the changes to take effect kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk Configuring the Unison as a Stratum 2 Server Operating the Unison as a Stratum 1 Server is the recommended mode You may operate the unit as a Stratum 2 server but since there are innumerable ways to configure your network with Stratum 2 servers specific insructions for how to do that are beyond the scope of this manual General instruc tions are Edit NTP CONF You must edit the ntp conf file in order to point your Stratum 2 server at a Stratum 1 server Edit etc ntp conf and add your server line s See Using Edit below Here is an example server 192 168 1 1 Or if you set up a domain name server via netconfig here is another example server your timeserver com IMPORTANT Do not remove the server lines for the refclock Even if your Time Server is not connected to an antenna the refclock server lines must remain 18 Unison GPS User Manual BASIC INSTALLATION Now save the edited file and copy it to the non volatile flash partition with this command cp p etc ntp conf boot etc Mask Alarm In Stratum 1 operation a
115. kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk The Unison Precision Time Protocol IEEE 1588 configuration has been updated Please re boot now for the changes to take effect tke ce ce e he he the hehe ce ehe ce e ERE EERE REE ERE EERE EKER EERE 104 Unison GPS User PTPv1 Operation PTP IEEE 1588 Now reboot the system by issuing this command at the shell prompt shutdown r now PTPv1 Status Using the Network or Serial Port The gptpstat command allows the user to query the status of the PTPv1 subsystem The ptpd dae mon running on the system updates the var log ptp monitor every five seconds under normal opera tion This logfile is parsed and formated to provide the status string having these fields PTPMODE CKID Stratum SSS PPPPP SDOM II LL TMD V TTL Where PTPMODE is the PTP port state either Master or Passive CKID is the sync identifier either ATOM or GPS SSS is the PTP stratum either 1 2 3 or 255 where 1 implies an error of lt 25 ns 2 implies lt 100 ns 3 implies gt 100 ns and 255 is the unsynchronized state PPPPP is the PTP preferred master setting either True or False SDOM is the PTP subdomain one of DFLT ALT1 ALT2 or ALT3 II 15 the PTP sync update interval one of 1 2 8 16 64 in seconds LL 15 the PTP leap second setting one of 59 60 61 where 59 implies that the last minute of the current day will have 59 seconds leap second deletion and
116. le Once you have successfully established communications with the Unison you may procede to con figuring the network parameters Then you can communicate with the Unison over the network using telnet or ssh and synchronize your network computers to UTC using NTP Using netconfig to Set Up Your IP The script file netconfig will configure the TCP IP network parameters for your Unison If you want to have the HTTP Interface enabled in your Unison then be sure to configure the name server IP address during the netconfig process The HTTP Interface will not start if this is configured incor rectly Only one name server is required two gives some redundancy The following is a sample transcript which illustrates the use of netconfig The entries made by the user are underlined and are provided purely for illustrative purposes You must provide equiva lent entries that are specific to your network Those shown here are appropriate for a typical network that does not use DHCP Start the configuration process by typing netconfig at the shell prompt Unison GPS root gntp gt netconfig kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk Aen dk ke ke eee ehh Unison GPS Network Configuration d d d dd ddd ddd ddd dkk k FR e e e RK RK e e e e e He e He He e e e e IKI KIKI e dee k dee e II k dee e dee e k k k kk k k k k k k k kk k k This script will configure the TCP IP network parameters for
117. lightning strikes It is designed to pass the DC voltage that is needed to power the antenna and or preamps without degrad ing the GPS signal It is installed between the antenna and the receiver where the cable enters the building near an earth ground You need to bond the lightning arrestor to the earth ground Splitters Splitters are used when two time servers are sharing one antenna installation The smart GPS Splitter supplied by EndRun is a one input two output device In the normal configuration one of the split ter RF outputs J1 passes DC from the connected GPS receiver through the splitter to the antenna allowing the GPS receiver to power both the antenna and the splitter amplifier The other RF output J2 is DC loaded with a 200 ohm resistor to simulate the antenna current draw When installing a splitter keep these points in mind 1 The splitter must be DC blocked on one leg The GPS receivers in the two time servers output 5 VDC up the coax to power the GPS antenna s build in preamp You do not want these power sources tied together 2 The DC block leg should have DC load to mimic a GPS antenna load This way you will not get a false alarm from the receiver s antenna load sensor You can prevent this false alarm from causing a system fault in the time server by using the setant 1tmask and antf ltmask commands See information in Chapter 5 Control and Status Commands 3 The splitter supplied by EndRun has a built in
118. lnetd sshd and snmpd 15 configured As shipped from the factory these two files are empty When the user runs accessconfig these lines are added to the etc hosts deny file in telnetd ALL sshd ALL snmpd ALL This tells tepd to deny access to in te1netd and sshd to all hosts not listed in the etc hosts allow file The snmpd and sshd daemons also parse this file prior to granting access to a requesting host Then the user is prompted to enter a list of hosts that will be granted access to in telnetd sshd and snmpd These appear in the etc hosts allow as lines like this 58 Unison GPS User Disabling Protocols SECURITY in telnetd 192 168 1 2 192 168 1 3 sshd 192 168 1 2 192 168 1 3 snmpd 192 168 1 2 192 168 1 3 This simple shell script handles the needs of most users however the syntax of these two files sup ports elaborate configuration possibilities which are beyond the capabilites of this simple shell script Advanced users who need these capabilities will need to edit these two files directly and then copy them to the boot etc directory See Using Edit above Be careful to maintain the proper ownership and access permissions by using p when copying the files To control access via HTTP the user must edit the etc apache httpd conf file and add the equivalent deny followed by allow directives For example the default file contains these lines Controls who can get stuff from this server
119. lt the Unison will configure itself using the Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol DHCP If you need to set up static IP configuration you must use the netconfig command via the network serial port Thie field will show whether DHCP is enabled or disabled Address Gateway Netmask These fields show the settings for the IP address gateway and netmask To change these settings use the netconfig command via the network serial port Network IPv6 Page This page shows information related to the IPv6 network parameters If your Unison does not have IPv6 then there will be no fields on this page For more information on IPv6 see Chapter 6 IPv6 Information Network DNS Page This page shows the IP address of the primary and secondary domain name servers NTP Page The NTP Status page shows all information related to NTP operation Fields are Status The stratum field has three possible values Stratum 1 The server is fully synchronized and accurate Stratum 2 The server is synchronized to a Stratum server Stratum 16 The server is unsynchronized NTP clients will not use a Stratum 16 server Source This field will show the source of time which is usually GPS If the Unison is configured as a Stra tum 2 server then it will show the IP address of the upstream server Offset This field shows the offset in seconds between the NTP system clock and the GPS Subsystem clock Positive implies that the NTP system clock is ahead of the GPS Subsy
120. m root file system RFS and GPS Subsystem can be upgraded via the HTTP Interface To upgrade the Linux Subsystem kernel see Appendix B Upgrading The Firmware Performing the Linux Kernel Upgrade Reboot This page will allow you to perform a software reboot of both the Linux Subsystem and the GPS Subsystem This is normally used after a firmware upgrade but can be done anytime you wish to reset the Unison To disable HTTP you need to edit a system start up script called etc rc d rc local This script starts several daemons You can either remove the line that lists HTTP or you can place a character at the beginning of the line so that it will not be executed A very compact editor is available on the sys tem for this purpose edit If you start edit without giving it a file name to open it will display its help screen showing the supported keystrokes IMPORTANT After editing etc rc d rc local you must copy it to the Doot etc rc d directory and reboot the system It is very important to retain the access mode for the file so be sure to use cp p when performing the copy During the boot process the files contained in Doot etc rc d directory are copied to the work ing etc rc d directory on the system RAM disk In this way the factory defaults are overwritten Unison GPS User Manual Linux Operating System EndRun ANE TECHNOLOGIES Appendix Security Your Unison incorporates several important securit
121. ms 500 ms Accuracy lt 30 nanoseconds to GPS Time when locked Stability TDEV lt 20 ns t lt 10 seconds Connector TTL Rear panel BNC jack labeled 1 PPS Connector RS 422 Rear panel DB 9M jack labeled 1PPS RS 422 Pinout RS 422 Pin 3is signal Pin 6 is signal Pin 5 is GND 100 nanoseconds to UTC Constraints in the official GPS specification prohibit claiming an accuracy to UTC better than 100 nanoseconds Note change the pulse width refer to the cpuopts and cpuoptsconfig commands in Chapter 5 Control and Status Commands AM Code 1 Vrms 500 1 kHz carrier Signal Amplitude modulated AM 3 1 ratio Format User selectable to IRIG B 120 IEEE 1344 122 123 NASA 36 2137 Connector Rear panel BNC jack labeled AM CODE Note change the time code format refer to the cpuopts and cpuoptsconfig commands in Chapter 5 Control and Status Commands 117 Unison GPS User Manual APPENDIX J Prog TTL Pulse Rate Positive TTL pulse 50Q on BNC jack User Selectable Output Type On time pulse rate a digital time code or synthesized rate Pulse Rate User selectable to 1 10 100 1K 10K 100K 1M 5M 10M PPS 1PPM IPP2S Duty Cycle 50 except 1PPS which mimics the standard 1PPS Output Accuracy lt 10 to UTC for 24 hour averaging times when locked Stability lt 10 for v 102 seconds lt 107 for gt 10 seconds Synthesized Rate option 1PPS to 10 MP
122. n alarm will be indicated when there is a loss of signal or if the antenna 15 not connected For Stratum 2 operation you may not want to see these alarms You can mask them prevent them from showing by using the console port serial network commands setsigfltmask and setantfltmask On the front panel keypad display go to the Receiver sub menu Look for SigFltMask and AntFltMask and set them appropriately Using Edit A very compact editor is available on the system for editing files edit If you start edit without giving it a file name to open it will display its help screen showing all supported keystrokes 19 Unison GPS User Manual CHAPTER TWO 20 Unison GPS User Manual EndRun C AA TECHNOLOGIES Chapter Three Setting Up NTP Clients on Unix like Platforms To configure your Unix like computer to use your Unison you must have successfully completed the Basic Installation procedures in Chapter 2 This manual is not a How To on installing and using NTP basic approaches to NTP client configuration for operation with the Unison will be described It is expected that you are or have access to a capable Unix Linux system administrator and know more than a little about installing distributions from source code Installation must be performed by a user with root priviledges on the system If you have never used NTP then you should spend some time reading the on line documents especially the Distribution Notes FAQ and Configurati
123. nce clock It also retrieves the current reference clock polling status data and prints it to the console gntptimemode Prints the time mode settings in effect for any optional AM Code Output time code or optional Serial Time Output 34 Unison GPS User Manual CONTROL AND STATUS COMMANDS gntptimemodeconfig Interactive shell script that guides the user in configuring the time mode settings for any optional AM Code Output time code or Serial Time Output Allows setting to the LOCAL GPS or UTC timescale and if LOCAL the setting of the offset to UTC and the Daylight Savings Time DST start and stop date time parameters gntpversion Prints the Linux NTP Subsystem software version information to the console gptpstat Prints the status of the optional PTP IEEE 1588 subsystem optional Prints help for Unison commands not Linux inetdconfig Interactive shell script that allows the user to configure the list of protocol servers which are started by the inetd server daemon running in the Unison netconfig Interactive shell script that allows the user to configure the IP network subsystem of the Unison ntpconfig Interactive shell script that guides the user in configuring the Unison NTP subsystem Allows configuration of MD5 au thentication and broadcast multicast mode All parameters are retained in non volatile FLASH disk storage ptpconfig Interactive shell script that guides the user in configuring pa ptp2config rameter
124. net or ssh session This script modifies these files etc hosts allow and etc hosts deny These are non volatilely stored in the FLASH disk boot etc directory You must reboot the Unison after running this script for the changes to take effect Set accessconfig Unison response Interactive shell script is started antfltmask This command displays the current setting for the Antenna Fault Mask Query antfltmask Unison response Antenna Fault is ENABLED cpuopts This command displays the current settings for the installed CPU Options Query cpuopts Unison response CPU Option TIME CODE is installed Current Setting IRIG B122 cpuoptsconfig This command starts an interactive shell script that will allow the root user to change the settings of any installed CPU Options The user selectable options are IPPS AM Code and Prog TTL Set cpuoptsconfig Unison response Interactive shell script is started qusertime This command displays the current settings for the optional Serial Time Output Settings for the three NMEA Sentences are always shown but are only applicable if you have selected NMEA as the Output Format Setting More information about the various formats is in Appendix G Serial Time Output Query cpusertime Unison response Current Serial Time Output Baud Rate Setting 9600 Current Serial Time Output Format Setting Sysplex Current Serial Time Output Parity Setting Odd Current NMEA Sentence 1 Setting ZDA C
125. nfigure NTP You must edit the ntp conf file which ntpd the NTP daemon looks for by default in the the etc directory Add this line to the ntp conf file server 192 168 1 245 This line tells ntpd to use the NTP server at address 192 168 1 245 in addition to any other servers which might also be configured in the client s ntp conf file Restart ntpd to have it begin using the Unison server Use the NTP utility ntpq to check that ntpd is able to communicate with the Unison After issuing the command you will see command prompt ntpq gt Use the command peers to display the NTP peers which your computer is using One of them should be the Unison server which you have just configured You should verify that it is being reached You may have to con tinue issuing the peers command for a minute or two before you will see the reach count increment If you have other peers configured verify that the offset information for the Unison server peer and your other peers is in agreement to within a few milliseconds assuming that the other peers are syn chronized to that level of accuracy It may also be useful to start the NTP daemon in debug mode ntpd d to confirm successful con figuration Refer to the NTP documentation for detailed usage of these debug utilities MDS authenticated setup is relatively simple if You have been able to successfully communicate with the Unison on your network
126. ng this command If you need to set the accurate reference position you must run this script as root The changes take place immediately Refer to Appendix D GPS Reference Position for details If the GPS dynamic mode setting is ON see gpsdynmode setgpsdynmode commands then running this script will have no effect In addition to setting a new accurate reference position the user can also invalidate an existing one This will force the Unison to re establish a new reference position using the GPS satellite constella tion Set setgpsrefpos Unison response Interactive shell script is started setsigfltmask This command allows the user to enable or mask the Signal Loss Fault Parameter for this command 44 Unison GPS User CONTROL AND STATUS COMMANDS is either MASKED or ENABLED Setting this command to MASKED will prevent a signal loss fault from creating an alarm condition Some installations may need to mask this fault when operat ing the NTP server as a Stratum 2 server The factory default setting is ENABLED Set sigfltmask MASKED Unison response Signal Loss Fault Mask set to MASKED sigfltmask This command displays the current setting for the Signal Loss Fault Mask Query sigfltmask Unison response Signal Loss Fault is ENABLED updaterootflag This command allows the user to update the configuration of the Linux bootloader after a new root file system image has been uploaded to the UPGRADE root file system pa
127. nt has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A digital device pursuant to part 15 of the FCC Rules These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference when the equipment is operated in a commercial environment This equipment generates uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and if not installed and used in accordance with the instruc tion manual may cause harmful interference to radio communications Operation of this equipment in a residential area is likely to cause harmful interference in which case the user will be required to correct the interference at his own expense Mount the Unison Using standard 19 rack mounting hardware mount the unit in the desired location After mounting the unit and connecting the antenna cable verify that it still acquires and tracks a GPS signal Ground the unit properly with the supplied power cord Position the power cord so that you can easily disconnect it from the Unison Do not install the Unison where the operating ambient temperature might exceed 122 F 50 C Unison GPS User Manual BASIC INSTALLATION Connecting the DC Power Option Connect the safety ground terminal to earth ground Connect the terminal to the positive output of the DC power source Connect the terminal to the negative output of the DC power source Note that the Unison has a floating internal power supply therefore either the positive
128. ntifying the Hardware Chapter Two Basic Installation This chapter will guide you through the most basic checkout and physical installation of your Unison Subsequent chapters and appendices will give you the information needed to configure your installa tion for the maximum performance in your operating environment General NTP client setup instruc tions will also be supplied to get you started using your Unison quickly Basic familiarity with TCP IP networking protocols like ping telnet and is required Though some familiarity with Linux or other Unix like operating systems would be helpful it is not essen tial If you satisfy these conditions the instructions provided herein should guide you to a successful installation Unpack and check all the items using the shipment packing list Contact the factory if anything is missing or damaged The Unison shipment typically contains Unison part 3017 0001 000 or 3017 variant Unison User Manual part USM3017 0000 000 on CD part 5102 0001 000 EC 320 AC Power Cord part 0501 0003 000 This part will not be present if using the DC power option DB9F to DB9F Null Modem Serial I O Cable part 0501 0002 000 RJ 45 to RJ 45 CAT 5 patch cable 2 meters part 0501 0000 000 Antenna cable assembly part 0610 0007 001 or 0610 variant 3 Unison GPS User Manual Unison Physical Description CHAPTER TWO sync O network TECHNOL
129. o Lock 5 minutes typical TCXO 10 minutes typical MS OCXO Network I O Rear panel RJ 45 jack AMD PC Net Fast III 10 100Base T ethernet System Status Indicator Sync LED Green LED pulses to indicate GPS acquisition and lock status Network LED Amber LED indicates network activity Alarm LED Red LED indicates a fault condition Maintenance Console Signal I O port at RS 232 levels for secure local terminal access Parameters 19200 baud 8 data bits no parity 1 stop bit Connector Rear panel DB 9M connector labeled RS 232 Pinout is shown below Note For operational details see Chapter 5 Control and Status Commands 115 Unison GPS User Manual APPENDIX J Synchronization Accuracy GPS Receiver Accuracy lt 30 nanoseconds to GPS Time when locked NTP Timestamp Accuracy lt 10 microseconds 200 packets second 200 000 clients NTP Client Synchronization Accuracy Network factors can limit LAN synchronization accuracy to 1 2 to 2 milliseconds typical lt 100 nanoseconds to UTC Constraints in the official GPS specification prohibit claiming an ac curacy to UTC better than 100 nanoseconds Supported IPv4 Protocols SNTP NTP v2 v3 v4 and broadcast multicast mode MDS authentication and autokey SSH server with secure copy utility SCP SNMP v1 v2c v3 with Enterprise MIB TIME and DAYTIME server TELNET client server FTP client DHCP client SYSLOG HTTP Supported IPv6 Protocols
130. o use the RS 232 serial I O port if you encounter problem while upgrading the firmware in your Unison To test serial communications with the Unison you will need either a VT 100 compatible terminal or a terminal emulation program running on your computer We will refer to either of these as terminal for the remainder of this instruction 1 Disconnect power from the Unison 2 Connect one end of the DB9F to DB9F null modem adapter cable to the serial I O jack on the Unison 3 Connect the other end of the DB9F to DB9F null modem adapter cable to the terminal If the serial I O port on your terminal does not have a DB9M connector you may need to use an adapter Refer to Chapter 5 RS 232 Serial I O Port Signal Definitions for details on the signal wiring Jf you are using a computer for your terminal remember which port you are using because you will need to know that in order to set up your terminal software Test the Serial Port You must configure your terminal to use the serial I O port you used in Connect the RS 232 Serial I O Port You must also configure your terminal to use the correct baud rate number of data bits parity type and number of stop bits Be sure to turn off any hardware or software handshaking The settings for the Unison are 19200 is the Baud Rate 8 is the number of Data Bits None is the Parity 1 is the number of Stop Bits After configuring these parameters in your terminal apply power to the
131. offset in seconds is the PTP utc offset valid either TRUE or FALSE is the PTP clock accuracy either lus 2 5us 10us 25us 100us 250us Ims 2 5ms 10ms or Unknown is the PTP leap 59 second indicator either TRUE or FALSE is the PTP leap 61 second indicator either TRUE or FALSE is the PTP time traceable indicator either TRUE or FALSE is the PTP frequency traceable indicator either TRUE or FALSE Unison GPS User Manual PTPv2 Operation APPENDIX H The Unison is configured as an IEEE 1588 Grandmaster Clock default profile Verify that the network settings have been configured and tested using netconfig Once the network has been configured the Unison will begin to transmit PTP Sync messages after it is locked The PTP Sync Interval is user configured either 1 or 2 seconds is transmitted as a multicast The packet is only transmitted when the clock is fully synchronized or in holdover The delay interval is 2 seconds The PTP Announce Interval is user configured either 1 2 4 8 or 16 seconds is transmitted as a multicast The packet is only transmitted when the clock is fully synchronized or in holdover The Announce Interval must be no shorter than the Sync Interval The Priority 1 is user configured in a range from 0 to 255 The PTP Priority 2 is user configured in a range from 0 to 255 Note If using a single Grandmaster then keep the default setting of 128 for Priority 1 and Priority 2 If using two re
132. on subject matter which are available at http www ntp org If you have a news server many problems may be solved by the helpful people who participate in the Internet news group devoted to NTP at comp protocols time ntp Three methods of using the Unison with NTP clients on Unix like platforms will be described Basic This is the simplest and will operate without MDS authentication NTP beginners should always perform this setup first MDS This method is trickier only because MD5 keys must be set up and distributed accurately to the NTP clients in a secure way The Unison is factory configured to authenticate its replies to NTP MD5 clients using its default set of keys Broadcast Multicast This method simplifies configuration of the clients on large networks since specific server addresses need not be configured in each client s etc ntp conf file It can be config ured either with or without 5 authentication However it is highly recommended that authentica tion be configured when using broadcast multicast mode due to the relative ease with which a fake NTP server can take over the clock setting of the broadcast multicast clients on the network 21 Unison GPS User Manual Basic NTP Client Setup MD5 Authenticated NTP Client Setup CHAPTER THREE Basic setup is relatively simple if You have been able to successfully communicate with the Unison on your network You have installed NTP on your client computer Co
133. onf search your domain nameserver 192 168 1 1 nameserver 192 168 1 2 Which displays the contents of the etc resolv conf file containing your domain name and the nam eserver IP address es to use for that domain Check Network Operation With your Unison network parameters properly configured you are ready to test the setup using ping from a server or workstation that is able to access the network connected to the Unison Alternative ly you could ping one of your servers or workstations from the Unison shell prompt to test the setup Once you have successfully established network communications with the Unison you may perform all maintenance and monitoring activities via telnet and tp The Unison provides both client and server operation using telnet For security reasons as well as to reduce the memory footprint in the Unison only client operation is supported using tp You may also monitor the Unison via the HTTP interface see Chapter 7 HTTP Interface Security conscious users will want to use ssh the secure shell replacement for telnet as the login means The companion utility sep provides a secure replacement for ftp as a means of transferring files to and from the Unison Both of these protocols are supported in the Unison via the OpenSSH implementations for Linux Refer to Appendix A Security for more information about the secure shell protocol Using Telnet When establishing a telnet connection with your Unison logg
134. or Run this end through the antenna mast and connect to the in line amplifier end marked output Connect short cable 12 inches long between in line amplifier end marked input to the base of the antenna as shown Thread the antenna mast into the base of the antenna Excessive force is not necessary and may damage threads Do not use thread locking compound Secure the antenna mast to available pipe or roof structure using hose clamps as shown Run the antenna cable into your building and connect to the rear of the instrument TNC connector identified as GPS Antenna IMPORTANT Observe polarity when connecting the GLna in line amplifier Connect as illustrated below IN from antenna gt OUT to receiver Connect end marked OUT to down cable to instrument Connect end marked IN to antenna 5050 0004 000 1 of 1 05FEB2010 111 Unison GPS User Manual APPENDIX INSTALLATION GUIDE GPS Antenna Rooftop Mounting Guidelines with In Line Amplifier MEE Antenna cable GPS In line e omnee snd marked IN to antenna _ e omnee snd marked IN to antenna _ end marked IN to antenna Threaded End Of Pipe Antenna Mast Hose Clamp Roof Vent Pipe 5050 0004 000 2 of 2 05FEB2010 112 Unison GPS User Manual Other Accessories Mounting Inside A Window INSTALLING THE GPS ANTENNA Lightning Arrestor A lightning arrestor helps protect your GPS installation from damage due to
135. or long enough periods you should see the TFOM character change to indicate a gradually deteriorating accuracy of the timing outputs If the signal loss condition persists longer then the final unsynchronized state will eventually be reached If the Unison is unable to achieve re synchronization within one hour after reaching this state the red LED will illuminate The fault status field returned in either of the gpsstat or gntp stat commands will have the appropriate bit set to indicate a loss of signal time out condition If the GPS Subsystem reaches the unsynchronized TFOM state the NTP daemon will cease to use the timing information returned by the GPS Subsystem in its polling event timestamps At this point the NTP daemon will report in its replies to network NTP clients that it is running at stratum 16 and the leap indicator bits will be set to the fault state NTP clients will recognize that and cease to use the unsynchronized server 79 Unison GPS User Manual APPENDIX E 80 Unison GPS User Manual GNU General Public License EndRun ANE TECHNOLOGIES Appendix Third Party Software The Unison is running several different software products created and or maintained by open source projects Open source software comes with its own license These are printed out for your informa tion below The license for the GNU software project requires that we provide you with a copy of all source code covered under the GNU Public
136. or negative output of the DC power source can be referenced to earth ground This unit will not operate if the connections are reversed however it will not be damaged by a reverse connection SHOCK ENERGY HAZARD Install in Restricted Access Location Use 10 14 AWG copper wire only Terminal block screw torque 9 in Ibs 1 nM Branch circuit must have circuit breaker 15A or less Install terminal block cover after wiring Connecting and Configuring Ethernet Connect one end of the CAT 5 patch cable supplied with your Unison to the rear panel mounted RJ 45 connector labeled 10 100BASE T Connect the other end of the patch cable to your network through a straight port on your hub Do not connect it to a crossover port on your hub By factory default the Unison will attempt to configure the ethernet interface automatically via the Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol DHCP The Unison will attempt to set the netmask its IP address the IP address of the default gateway the domain name and the IP addresses of any nam eservers if the DHCP server is configured to provide them You may optionally configure the Unison to also set its hostname via DHCP if your DHCP server is configured to provide it You can do this by running a simple shell script called netcon ig after your unit is up on the network If your network does use DHCP for host configuration and you are in a hurry to get your Unison up and running you may proced
137. ory mtdblock open ok mtdblock open ok Loading GPS Fri Aug 20 00 53 54 2004 0 707128 seconds 2004 Setting system time using hwclock INIT Entering runlevel 3 Entering multiuser Attempting to configure eth0 by contacting a DHCP server At this point if you do not have a DHCP server configured on your network the unit will time out and print these messages Unison GPS DHCP Client was unable to find the DHCP Server Fix the problem and reboot or set up static IP address by running netconfig dnsdomainname Host name lookup failure none Then these messages are printed in either case Disabling IPv4 packet forwarding Starting daemons syslogd klogd inetd Starting the Network Time Protocol daemon Starting the SNMP daemon Starting the system logfile manager Starting the system watchdog woof During this process the factory default UnisonGPS 0 root file system is loaded from FLASH disk to an 16MB ramdisk and the remainder of the boot process completes At this point the Unison login prompt is displayed kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk Welcome to Unison GPS console on gntp your domain Tue Feb 20 2001 21 47 03 UTC kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk gntp login Here you may log in as gntpuser with password Praecis or you may log in as the root user with password endrun_1
138. ory or for XP the windows system32 drivers etc directory Assum ing that your Unison server has been configured to use key 2 for broadcast authentication as shown in the example in chapter 2 make sure that key 2 is included in the trustedkey line and add this line to the end of the ntp conf file multicastclient 224 0 1 1 or for IPv6 multicastclient ff05 101 If you are not using MD5 authentication you would add these lines disable auth multicastclient 224 0 1 1 or for IPv6 disable auth multicastclient ff05 101 You may remove the line added previously in Basic NTP Client Setup server 192 168 1 245 or the authenticated version added in 5 Authenticated NTP Client Setup server 192 168 1 245 key 1 31 Unison GPS User CHAPTER FOUR Test Broadcast Multicast Restart exe to have it begin using the Unison as a broadcast or multicast server By default the NTP installation program installs ntpd exe as a service called Network Time Protocol and starts it You must use the Services utility in Control Panel to stop the Network Time Protocol service and then restart it Use the NTP utility ntpq exe to check that ntpd exe is able to communicate with the Unison By default it is installed in the Program Files Network Time Protocol sub directory of your Windows NT 2000 XP partition After issuing the command you will see the ntpq exe command prompt ntpq gt Use the command peers
139. otfs_1 transfer the file quit close the ftp session after transfer If you are using ssh you may open a command window on the remote computer and securely trans fer the root file system image using from the remote computer to your Unison A command like 68 Unison GPS User Manual APPENDIX B this should be used scp p 6010 004x 000 3 00 gz rootGgntp your domain dev rootfs 1 Update the default file system partition by issuing this command on your Unison updaterootflag 1 You should see this line displayed UPGRADE is the default root file system Now reboot the system by issuing this command at the shell prompt shutdown r now Wait about 90 seconds for the system to shutdown and reboot Then log in to the Unison using te1 net Or ssh Ifall has gone well you should be able to log in the usual way After you have entered your password the system message will be displayed You should notice that it now indicates the software version and date of the upgrade that you previously downloaded You can also check this at any time by issuing gntpversion which will cause the system message to be re displayed You can also check to see which root file system image the system is currently booted under by issu ing this command at the shell prompt gntprootfs Which should cause this to be printed to the console BOOT IMAGE UnisonGPS 1 If so and your unit seems to be operating normally you have successfully completed th
140. otocol sub directory of your Windows NT 2000 XP partition From a console window after issuing the command you will see ntpq exe command prompt ntpq gt Use the command peers to display the NTP peers which your computer is using One of them should be the Unison server which you have just configured You should verify that it is being reached You may have to con tinue issuing the peers command for a minute or two before you will see the reach count increment If you have other peers configured verify that the offset information for the Unison server peer and your other peers is in agreement to within a few milliseconds assuming that the other peers are syn chronized to that level of accuracy It may also be useful to start the NTP daemon in debug mode ntpd d to confirm successful con figuration The debug version of the NTP daemon is located in the debug sub directory of your NTP directory Refer to the NTP documentation for detailed usage of these debug utilities 28 Unison GPS User Manual MD5 Authenticated NTP Client Setup SETTING UP NTP CLIENTS ON WINDOWS NT 4 0 2000 XP MDS authenticated setup is relatively simple if You have been able to successfully communicate with the Unison on your network Your Unison has been configured to perform authentication either by factory default or by running the ntpconfig shell script The example Unison authentication configuration shown in Cha
141. ovided private keys are not passphrase protected the user should create a new set of keys after verifying operation with the factory default key sets After creating the new keys the public Unison GPS User Manual Network Time Protocol SECURITY keys should be copied to the boot root ssh directory of the Unison At boot time the Unison will copy these to the actual root ssh directory of the system ramdisk thereby replacing the factory default set of public keys Advanced users wishing to modify the configuration of the sshd daemon should edit the etc sshd _ config file and then copy it to the boot etc directory of the Unison Be careful to maintain the proper ownership and access permissions by using p when copying the file At boot time it will be copied to the etc directory of the system ramdisk thereby replacing the factory default configuration file To disable SSH see Disable SSH above The NTP implementation in the Unison is built from the standard distribution from the http www ntp org site By factory default remote control of the NTP daemon ntpd is disabled Query only operation is supported from the two NTP companion utilities and Control via these two utilities is disabled in the etc ntp conf file in two ways First MDS authentica tion keys are not defined for control operation via a requestkey or controlkey declaration Second this default address restriction line is present
142. pera tion The unit will continue to function until the oscillator frequency finally reaches one of the actual DAC endpoints The unit should be returned to the factory for oscillator replacement at the your convenience Antenna This fault indicates that the GPS antenna or downlead cable has a fault It indicates either an over or under current condition Usually it means that the antenna downlead cable is not plugged into the connector on the rear of the Unison If the condition persists after checking the antenna downlead for obvious faults this is a fatal fault and the unit should be returned to the factory for repair Polling Events This fault indicates that the GPS Subsystem is not receiving polling request from the Linux Subsys tem This could be due to a hardware or software failure If the condition persists after cycling the power to the unit this is a fatal fault and the unit should be returned to the factory for repair Time Reference This fault indicates that the microprocessor received an erroneous time input from the GPS Subsys tem If the condition persists please report it to the factory 1 877 749 3878 GPS Engine This fault that the microprocessor is unable to establish communications with the GPS Subsystem engine Please report this fault condition to the factory 1 877 749 3878 Network Page This page shows the IPv4 network configuration Fields are 54 Unison GPS User Manual HTTP INTERFACE DHCP By defau
143. plemented in the Unison This means that users on remote hosts may log in to the Unison via an ssh client but users logged in on the Unison are unable to log in to a remote host via ssh Since scp runs in concert with an ssh client the same limitations exist for its use i e users on remote hosts may transfer files to and from the Unison via scp over ssh but users logged in on the Unison are unable to transfer files to and from a remote host via scp over ssh The factory configuration contains a complete set of security keys for both SSH1 and SSH2 versions of the protocol RSA keys are supported by both versions and DSA keys are supported when using the SSH2 version In addition the Unison is factory configured with a set of public keys for passwordless public key authentication of the root user To use this capability the corresponding set of private keys for each of the two SSH versions are provided in the boot root directory of the Unison Three files contain these keys identity SSH1 id rsa SSH2 and id dsa SSH2 These must be copied to the user s root ssh directory on their remote computer Be careful to maintain the proper ownership and ac cess permissions by using p when copying the files They MUST be readable only by root The corresponding public keys are by factory default resident in the root ssh directory of the Uni son Two files contain these keys authorized keys SSH1 and authorized keys2 SSH2 Since the pr
144. pter 2 Configuring the Network Time Protocol will be assumed in the example configuration commands shown here You have installed NTP on your client computer You have successfully performed the Basic NTP Client Setup on your client computer Create the ntp keys File You must create a file named ntp keys in the winnt system32 drivers etc directory or for XP the windows system32 drivers etc directory It must be a copy of the one residing in the etc directory of your Unison You can telnet into your Unison and start an tp session with your client com puter to send the Unison etc ntp keys file to your client computer or use the secure copy utility scp or use a text editor to create the equivalent file Although you should first test your setup using the factory default etc ntp keys file 1n your Unison server you should create your own keys after you understand the process and have your clients operating correctly with the default file IMPORTANT Handling of the windows system32 drivers etc ntp keys file is the weak link in the MD5 authen tication scheme It is very important that it is owned by administrator and not readable by anyone other than administrator After transferring the file make sure that its security properties are set such that it is readable only by the administrator Configure NTP You must edit the ntp conf file which ntpd exe the NTP daemon looks for by default in the the winnt system32 driv
145. pter Three Setting Up NTP Clients on Unix like Platforms 21 Basic NTP Client Setup 22 Configure NTP 1 ecce y eek re he EROR E RR REESE S R RR I RR 22 MD5 Authenticated NTP Client Setup 22 Create the nip keys File 23 Configure NTP 25 3 2 onere redet cet ee ir re ei eleg Witla 23 Broadcast Multicast NTP Client Setup 24 Configure NTP 24 Configure NTP Client for Multicast 25 Test Broadcast Multicast 25 Chapter Four Setting Up NTP Clients on Windows NT 4 0 2000 XP 27 Basic NTP Client Setup eod erbe Da header bte ohh at deen adnate th 28 Configure octo 28 MD5 Authenticated NTP Client 29 Create the nip keys File s seses deen RR RR rr Rx aa are ER ERA PSI ave 4 29 Configure NIP 1 um Scale a e UR e a SERRA AUR 29 Broadcast Multicast NTP Client Setup 30 Configure NTP 3 Confi
146. r Setting Up NTP Clients on Windows NT 4 0 2000 XP To configure your Windows NT 4 0 2000 XP computer to use your Unison you must have success fully completed the Basic Installation procedures in Chapter 2 This manual is not a How To on installing and using NTP basic approaches to NTP configuration for operation with the Unison will be described here Installation must be performed by a user with administrative priviledges on the system If you have never used NTP then you should spend some time reading the on line documents at http www ntp org If you have a news server many problems may be solved by the helpful people who participate in the Internet news group devoted to NTP at comp protocols time ntp Three methods of using the Unison with NTP clients on Window NT 4 0 platforms will be described Basic This is the simplest and will operate without MDS authentication NTP beginners should always perform this setup first MDS This method is trickier only because 5 keys must be set up and distributed accurately to the NTP clients in a secure way The Unison is factory configured to authenticate its replies to NTP MDS clients using its default set of keys Broadcast Multicast This method simplifies configuration of the clients on large networks since specific server addresses need not be configured in each client s winnt system32 drivers etc ntp conf file It can be configured either with or without MDS authentication Ho
147. r is lt 1 us time error is lt 10 us time error is lt 100 us time error is lt 1 ms time error is lt 10 ms time error is gt 10 ms unsynchronized state if never locked to GPS d WW is the year of the UTC timestamp of most recent NTP polling request received by the GPS Subsystem from the NTP reference clock driver DOY is the day of year of the UTC timestamp of most recent NTP polling request received by the GPS Subsystem from the NTP reference clock driver HH MM SS sssssssss is the hour minute second subsecond UTC timestamp of the most recent NTP polling request received by by the GPS Subsystem from the NTP daemon reference clock driver 4l Unison GPS User Manual CHAPTER FIVE LS is the current number of leap seconds difference between the UTC and GPS timescales 13 at the time of this writing Query gntpstat Unison response LOCKED TO GPS Offset 0 000024 TFOM 4 2001 092 06 03 10 904312858 13 gntptimemode This command displays the current time mode settings for any optional AM Code Output time code or Serial Time Output Possible time modes are UTC GPS and LOCAL The displayed Local Time Offset from UTC and the DST Start Stop parameters are only valid when the Time Mode is LOCAL A positive Local Time Offset implies a longitude east of the Greenwich meridian and that local time is ahead of UTC Query gntptimemode Unison response Time Mode LOCAL Local Time Offse
148. r local share snmp mibs TEMPUSLXUNISON MIB txt In addition to a complete set of NTP and GPS status objects the MIB defines four SMIv2 notification objects e NTP Leap Indicator Bits status change e NTP Stratum change e GPS Fault Status change e GPS Time Figure of Merit change The SNMP daemon snmpd is started from the etc rc d rc local system start up script with this line snmpd m MIBNAME Ls d c etc snmpd conf By default it will listen on port 161 for SNMP queries from the network management system If you would like to have it listen on another port you could edit the file by adding p port to the end of this line where port is the number of the port you would like for the agent to listen on If you would like to disable starting of the snmpd daemon altogether you can either remove this line or place a character at the beginning of the line so that it will not be executed A very compact editor with WordStar command keystrokes is available on the system for this purpose edit If you start edit without giving it a file name to open it will display its help screen showing the supported keystrokes IMPORTANT After editing etc rc d rc local you must copy it to the Doot etc rc d directory and reboot the system It important to retain the access mode for the file so be sure to use p when performing the copy During the boot process the files contained in the Doot etc rc d directory are copied to the work
149. r rights we need to make restrictions that forbid anyone to deny you these rights or to ask you to surrender the rights These restrictions translate to certain responsibilities for you if you distribute copies of the software or if you modify it For example if you distribute copies of such a program whether gratis or for a fee you must give the 81 Unison GPS User Manual APPENDIX F recipients all the rights that you have You must make sure that they too receive or can get the source code And you must show them these terms so they know their rights We protect your rights with two steps 1 copyright the software and 2 offer you this license which gives you legal permission to copy distribute and or modify the software Also for each author s protection and ours we want to make certain that everyone understands that there is no warranty for this free software If the software is modified by someone else and passed on we want its recipients to know that what they have is not the original so that any problems intro duced by others will not reflect on the original authors reputations Finally any free program is threatened constantly by software patents We wish to avoid the dan ger that redistributors of a free program will individually obtain patent licenses in effect making the program proprietary To prevent this we have made it clear that any patent must be licensed for everyone s free use or not licensed at all
150. r to this License and to the absence of any warranty and give any other recipients of the Program a copy of this License along with the Program You may charge a fee for the physical act of transferring a copy and you may at your option offer warranty protection in exchange for a fee 2 You may modify your copy or copies of the Program or any portion of it thus forming a work based on the Program and copy and distribute such modifications or work under the terms of Section 1 above provided that you also meet all of these conditions a You must cause the modified files to carry prominent notices stating that you changed the files and the date of any change 82 Unison GPS User Manual THIRD PARTY SOFTWARE b You must cause any work that you distribute or publish that in whole or in part contains or is de rived from the Program or any part thereof to be licensed as a whole at no charge to all third parties under the terms of this License c If the modified program normally reads commands interactively when run you must cause it when started running for such interactive use in the most ordinary way to print or display an announce ment including an appropriate copyright notice and a notice that there is no warranty or else saying that you provide a warranty and that users may redistribute the program under these conditions and telling the user how to view a copy of this License Exception if the Program itself is interactive b
151. ration to begin using SNMPv3 but doesn t make use of the full capabilities of the VACM in defining groups and views for fine grained access control The fac tory default etc snmpd conf file contains commented blocks of lines that can be uncommented to give you a basic configuration that uses the User based Security Model USM described in RFC 2274 and the View based Access Control Model VACM described in RFC 2275 The comments included in the file should help you in modifying it for your specific requirements 75 Unison GPS User Manual APPENDIX Disabling The SNMP Protocol To disable SNMP you need to edit a system start up script called etc rc d rc local This script starts several daemons You can either remove the line that lists SNMP or you can place a character at the beginning of the line so that it will not be executed A very compact editor is available on the Unison system called edit If you start edit without giving it a file name to open it will display its help screen showing all supported editing keystrokes IMPORTANT After editing etc rc d rc local you must copy it to the Doot etc rc d directory and reboot the system It is very important to retain the access mode for the file so be sure use p when performing the copy During the boot process the files contained in Doot etc rc d directory are copied to the work ing etc rc d directory on the system RAM disk In this way the factory defaults ar
152. rol essentially via passwords trans mitted over the network in plain text Refer to Appendix Simple Network Management Protocol which is dedicated to configuration of SNMP for details e Individual host access to protocol server daemons such as in telnetd snmpd or sshd may be controlled by the tepa daemon and directives contained in the files etc hosts allow and etc hosts deny e Risky protocols like TIME DAYTIME and TELNET may be completely disabled by configura tion of the inetd super server daemon The last two topics are supported on the Unison by a pair of shell scripts which ease configuration for the inexperienced user of Unix like operating systems These are accessconfig and inetdcon fig Using Edit A very compact editor is available on the system for editing files edit If you start edit without giving it a file name to open it will display its help screen showing all supported keystrokes By default the unit is configured to allow access by all users via Telnet SSH and SNMP To ensure security you should restrict access by using the accessconfig command accessconfig modifies two files which are used by tepd and the standalone daemons snmpd and sshd to determine whether or not to grant access to a requesting host etc hosts allow and etc hosts deny These two files may contain configuration information for a number of protocol servers but in the Unison only access control to the protocol server daemons in te
153. rtition dev rootfs_1 of the Unison FLASH disk It may also be used to reset the default back to the FACTORY root file system partition Refer to Appendix B Upgrading the Firmware for detailed instructions for performing the upgrade procedure One argument is accepted whose value is either 0 or 1 causing a flag to be set that will indicate to the bootloader which root file system image should be loaded by default If an argument value of 2 is given then the currently configured default root file system is shown Set updaterootflag 1 Unison response UPGRADE is the default root file system Query updaterootflag 2 Unison response UPGRADE is the default root file system upgradegps This script allows the user to upgrade the GPS Subsystem firmware It requires one argument the path to the binary file to be uploaded to the GPS Subsystem It issues the commands over the se rial port to the GPS Subsystem that are needed to start the X modem file transfer and then displays the responses from the GPS Subsystem to the console When the X modem C character appears indicating that the GPS Subsystem is ready to receive the file you must hit the lt ENTER gt key and the transfer will begin After about one minute it should complete at which point you should see the GPS Subsystem boot messages appear on the console From these you will be able to verify that the firmware was successfully upgraded In the example console output below lin
154. rved 162k data 68k init 0k highmem Checking if this processor honours the WP bit even in supervisor mode Ok Dentry cache hash table entries 4096 order 3 32768 bytes Inode cache hash table entries 2048 order 2 16384 bytes Mount cache hash table entries 512 order 0 4096 bytes Buffer cache hash table entries 1024 order 0 4096 bytes Page cache hash table entries 8192 order 3 32768 bytes CPU AMD 486 DX 4 WB stepping 04 Checking hlt instruction OK POSIX conformance testing by UNIFIX PCI Using configuration type 1 PCI Probing PCI hardware PCI Probing PCI hardware bus 00 Linux NET4 0 for Linux 2 4 Based upon Swansea University Computer Society NET3 039 Initializing RT netlink socket Starting kswapd JFFS2 version 2 1 C 2001 Red Hat Inc designed by Axis Communications AB Serial driver version 5 05c 2001 07 08 with MANY PORTS SHARE IRQ SERIAL PCI enabled ttyS00 at 0x03f8 irq 4 is a 16550A ttyS01 at 0x02f8 irq 3 is a 16550A ttyS02 at 0x03e8 irq 0 is a ST16654 ttyS03 at 0x02e8 irq 3 is a ST16654 5 520 wdt CBAR 0x800df 000 Sc520 wdt MMCR Aliasing enabled sc520_wdt WDT driver for SC520 initialised RAMDISK driver initialized 16 RAM disks of 16384K size 1024 blocksize pcnet32 c v1 28 02 20 2004 tsbogend alpha franken de PCI Enabling device 00 0d 0 0000 0003 pcnet32 PCnet FAST III 79C973 at 0x1000 00 Oe fe 00 00 33 tx start pt 0x0c00 220 bytes BC
155. s altitude 15 in meters Field 11 empty field Height of geoid mean sea level Field 12 empty field Units of geoidal separation Field 13 empty field Time in seconds since last DGPS update Field 14 empty field DGPS station ID number Checksum 72 Msg End lt CR gt lt LF gt 93 Unison GPS User Manual APPENDIX G GLL Position Data The GLL sentence identifies the position fix time of position fix and status Examples are below GPGLL V N 64 lt CR gt lt LF gt GPGLL 3827 030 N 12244 020 W 173423 00 A A 34 lt CR gt lt LF gt MsgID SGPGLL Field 1 3827 030 Latitude in ddmm mmm Field 2 N Direction of latitude N north S south Field 3 12244 020 Longitude in dddmm mmm Field 4 W Direction of longitude W west E east Field 5 173423 00 UTC time of fix hhmmss ss Field 6 A A data valid V data not valid Field 7 A A autonomous mode N data not valid Checksum 34 Msg End lt CR gt lt LF gt GSA GPS DOP and Active Satellites The GSA sentence identifies the GPS position fix mode the Satellite Vehicles SVs used for navi gation and the Dilution of Precision DOP values DOP is an indication of the effect of satellite geometry on the accuracy of the fix An example is below GPGSA A 1 1E lt CR gt lt LF gt GPGSA A 3 18 3 22 6 9 14 19 32 2 0 1 2 1 6 10 lt CR gt lt LF gt MsgID GPGSA Field 1 A Fixed text A shows auto selection of 2D or 3D fix Field 2 3 Fix type 1 fix not available
156. s for by default in the etc direc tory Assuming that your Unison server has been configured to use key 2 for broadcast authentication as shown in the example in chapter 2 make sure that key 2 is included in the trustedkey line and add this line to the end of the ntp conf file broadcastclient If you are not using MD5 authentication you would add these lines disable auth broadcastclient You may remove the line added previously in Basic NTP Client Setup server 192 168 1 245 or the authenticated version added in 5 Authenticated NTP Client Setup server 192 168 1 245 key 1 24 Unison GPS User Manual SETTING UP NTP CLIENTS UNIX LIKE PLATFORMS Configure NTP Client for Multicast You must edit the ntp conf file which ntpd the NTP daemon looks for by default in the the etc directory And add these lines for multicast multicastclient 224 0 1 1 or for IPv6 multicastclient ff05 101 If you are not using MD5 authentication you would add these lines disable auth multicastclient 224 0 1 1 or for IPv6 disable auth multicastclient ff05 101 You may remove the line added previously in Basic NTP Client Setup server 192 168 1 245 or the authenticated version added in 5 Authenticated NTP Client Setup server 192 168 1 245 key 1 Test Broadcast Multicast Restart ntpd to have it begin using the Unison as a broadcast or multicast server Use the NTP utility to check that is able to communica
157. s for the optional PTP IEEE 1588 protocol optional ptpversionconfig Interactive shell script that guides the user in selecting either optional PTP IEEE 1588 version or version 2 setgpsdynmode Allows the user to set the dynamic mode of operation of the GPS Subsystem It may be ON or OFF setgpsrefpos Interactive shell script that prompts the user for an accurate reference position performs syntax and argument validity checking then passes the position to the GPS Subsystem Command to mask or enable the Signal Loss Fault Prints the current setting for the Signal Loss Fault mask updaterootflag Command to update the flag stored in FLASH that is read by the Linux bootloader at boot time to select operation with either the FACTORY or UPGRADE root file system upgradegps Shell script that facilitates the GPS Subsystem firmware up grade process upgradekernel Shell script that facilitates the Linux kernel firmware upgrade process Limited applicability Use with caution 35 Unison GPS User Detailed Command Descriptions CHAPTER FIVE accessconfig This command starts an interactive shell script that will allow the root user to configure limitation of telnet ssh and snmp access to the Unison By default the unit is configured to allow access by all users If you need to limit te1net ssh or snmp access e g for security reasons you must run this script as root from either the RS 232 serial I O port or from a tel
158. s list of conditions and the following disclaimer 86 Unison GPS User THIRD PARTY SOFTWARE 2 Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation and or other materials provided with the distribution 3 The end user documentation included with the redistribution if any must include the following acknowledgment This product includes software developed by the Apache Software Foundation http www apache org Alternately this acknowledgment may appear in the software itself if and wherever such third party acknowledgments normally appear 4 The names Apache and Apache Software Foundation must not be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without prior written permission For written permission please contact apache apache org X 0 X x X X 0 X KF X X 5 Products derived from this software may not be called Apache nor may Apache appear in their name without prior written permission of the Apache Software Foundation THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED AS IS AND ANY EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED IN NO EVENT SHALL THE APACHE SOFTWARE FOUNDATION OR TS CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT INDIREC
159. self accompanies the executable If distribution of executable or object code is made by offering access to copy from a designated place then offering equivalent access to copy the source code from the same place counts as distribu tion of the source code even though third parties are not compelled to copy the source along with the object code 4 You may not copy modify sublicense or distribute the Program except as expressly provided un der this License Any attempt otherwise to copy modify sublicense or distribute the Program is void and will automatically terminate your rights under this License However parties who have received copies or rights from you under this License will not have their licenses terminated so long as such parties remain in full compliance 5 You are not required to accept this License since you have not signed it However nothing else grants you permission to modify or distribute the Program or its derivative works These actions are prohibited by law if you do not accept this License Therefore by modifying or distributing the Pro gram or any work based on the Program you indicate your acceptance of this License to do so and all its terms and conditions for copying distributing or modifying the Program or works based on it 6 Each time you redistribute the Program or any work based on the Program the recipient automat ically receives a license from the original licensor to copy distribute or mod
160. settings are UTC GPS and Local Since NTP always uses UTC this setting only affects any optional Time Code Output or Serial Time Out put For example if your Unison has a Time Code Output and this field shows Local then the time contained in the Time Code Output will be Local time but NTP will remain at UTC time To change the time mode setting use the gntpt imemodeconfig command via the network serial port Local Time Offset This field shows the offset from UTC and is only valid when the Time Mode is Local A positive Local Time Offset implies a longitude east of the Greenwich meridian To change the local offset use the gntptimemodeconfig command Daylight Savings Time DST DST Start DST End The DST fields show whether DST is enabled and if so what the DST Start and End Times are For example in most of the U S A the DST Start Time is the 2nd Sunday in March at 2 a m The DST End Time is the 1st Sunday in November at 2 a m To change the DST settings use the gntp timemodeconfig command 1 0 Page This page shows any installed CPU Options and their settings These are optional outputs that are generated from the CPU Module in the Unison A basic Unison has no CPU Options installed Pos sible options are a IPPS Output an AM Code Output time code a Programmable TTL Output and a Serial Time Output Use commands cpuoptsconfig and cpusertimeconfig via the network serial port to change the settings of the CPU Options Faults Page Th
161. sing materials supplied with this kit To mount cable tie holder on window remove self adhesive and backing exposing nylon surface of holder Use 1 length of double sided tape to attach holder to window or aluminum frame as shown in Figure 3 Use of the double sided tape provides a sun heat resistant removable mounting method To mount holder on rough frame or wall surface use the self adhesive as is by simply removing the backing GPS ANTENNA MOUNTED WITH DOUBLE SIDED TAPE CABLE TIE y GPS ANTENNA MOUNTED WITH DOUBLE SIDED TAPE CABLE TIE HOLDER MOUNTED WITH DOUBLE SIDED _ gt FIGURE 2 FIGURE 3 5050 0016 000 1 of 1 20Dec2007 114 Unison GPS User Manual EndRun TECHNOLOGIES Appendix Specifications GPS Receiver L1 Band 1575 42 MHz 8 Channels C A Code Antenna TNC jack on rear panel Zin 200 Integral 35 dB gain LNA with bandpass filter for out of band interference rejection Rugged all weather housing capable of operation over 40 C to 85 C temperature extremes Mounting via 18 long 34 PVC pipe with stainless steel clamps 50 low loss RG 59 downlead cable standard Extension cables and low noise pre amplifiers are available as options Local Oscillator TCXO is standard 2 5x10 over 20 to 70 C Option Medium Stability OCXO 4x10 over 0 to 70 Stratum 1 Holdover Performance 24 Hours TCXO 35 Days MS OCXO Time t
162. sonably accurate position information can be obtained from various websites on the Internet Using your favorite search engine type in a search term such as street gps position Many of the websites displayed will give you the ability to type in your location and provide your GPS position coordinates Record the position and then make any adjustments to the height that might be neces sary if the antenna is installed in a high rise building Input it to the Unison via the setgpsrefpos command Using Indirect GPS There are some locations where using a GPS window mount installation is not practical either because of metallic films on the window or the view from the window is blocked or the window is facing away from the equator In these cases we have an alternative product that uses CDMA cell phone signals for time synchronization We call it indirect GPS CDMA is not available world wide but if you work in an area with CDMA cell phone service then you will be able to mount your antenna on top of your equipment rack inside your data center Contact EndRun Sales or Support for more information 77 Unison GPS User Manual APPENDIX D 78 Unison GPS User Manual EndRun ANE TECHNOLOGIES Appendix Time Figure of Merit TFOM This appendix describes the Time Figure of Merit TFOM number The Unison displays this number in the time of day fields printed by the Unison gpsstat and gntpstat commands see Chapter 5
163. stem clock Leap Indicator Bits This field shows whether a leap second is pending Leap seconds occur every 2 3 years Possible values for this field are NONE INSERT DELETE or FAULT NONE No fault and no pending leap second INSERT No fault and a leap second insertion is pending DELETE No fault and a leap second deletion is pending FAULT Unsynchronized fault condition exists PTP Page The fields on this page show the status for the optional PTP IEEE 1588 protocol If your Unison does not have PTP then there will be no information on this page The data shown will depend on whether PTPv1 or PTPv2 has been selected For more information on and an explanation of the data fields on this page see Appendix Precision Time Protocol IEEE 1588 5 Unison GPS User Manual Disabling The HTTP Protocol CHAPTER SEVEN Firmware Page The firmware status page shows part numbers and versions of the Linux Subsystem firmware root file system and kernel and the GPS Subsystem firmware Linux Subsystem Upgrade GPS Subsystem Upgrade These pages are used for upgrading the firmware You must be logged in as root in order to have access to these pages The latest released versions of Unison firmware are freely available on the En dRun website For detailed information on how to perform the upgrade either via the network port the serial port or the HTTP interface see Appendix B Upgrading The Firmware Only the Linux Subsyste
164. swords for SSH Telnet and HTTP use the gntppasswd command To change the passwords community strings for SNMP see Appendix SVMP By default all users are allowed access via SSH Telnet and SNMP To restrict access via these protocols use the accessconfig command or edit etc hosts allow and etc hosts deny All users are allowed access via as well To restrict access via HTTP edit etc apache httpd conf to set up access by specific hosts To completely disable any or all of these protocols see Disabling Protocols below The embedded Linux operating system running in the Unison is based on kernel version 2 4 31 and version 10 of the Slackware Linux distribution As such it supports a complete set of security provi sions e System passwords are kept in an encrypted file etc shadow which is not accessible by users other than root e Direct root logins are only permitted on the local RS 232 console or via SSH 57 Unison GPS User Manual Limiting Access APPENDIX A e The secure copy utility sep eliminates the need to use the insecure tp protocol for transferring program updates to the Unison e HTTP may be completely disabled by configuration of etc rc d rc local Access via SNMP is configurable to provide the security of the latest version 3 Internet standard which supports both view based access control and user based security using modern encryption techniques Previous versions v1 and v2c supported access cont
165. system and the other for the GPS Subsystem Then follow the remaining prompts from the HTTP interface to complete the upgrades You will need to authenticate the root user name and password Upgrade from a local file that was previously downloaded from endruntechnologies com Po Brows SUBMIT Please wait after pressing Submit This may take about 60 seconds 64 Unison GPS User Manual Upgrade Via The Network Serial Port UPGRADING THE FIRMWARE In order to upgrade via the network or serial ports you will need to first download the appropri ate FLASH binary image file from the EndRun website After you have done this you are ready to upgrade your Unison The firmware consists of two FLASH binary image files One of these is the firmware for the Unison Linux NTP Subsystem This firmware executes on the IBM compatible CPU and contains the embedded Linux operating system and NTP specific application software The other file is the firmware for the GPS Subsystem Each of these files may be upgraded independently although some upgrades require both images to be modified together You will need to use tp or sep to transfer the binary image file s to the Unison This means that you must place the previously downloaded file s in a place on your network which is accessible to the Unison Performing the Linux NTP Subsystem Upgrade There are two FLASH disk partitions which hold the compressed Linux root file system images These part
166. systems are best sup ported Performance Reliability and Economy The Unison provides high performance and reliability combined with low power consumption and cost Its internal sub assemblies are fabricated using state of the art components and processes and are integrated in a solid high quality chassis Flexibility It supports a variety of TCP IP network protocols compatible with a variety of platforms and operat ing systems Easy Installation Its standard 1U high 19 rack mountable chassis and rooftop or window mounted antenna make installation simpler compared to competing products that require rooftop installation of the antenna The rack mount chassis may be mounted in any convenient location Connect it to your network via the rear panel mounted 10 100Base T RJ 45 connector and plug in the AC power cord Initial network configuration is automatic on networks using the Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol DHCP Manual network configuration is via the RS 232 serial I O port and a simple Linux shell script Free FLASH Upgrades Firmware and configurable hardware parameters are stored in non volatile FLASH memory so the Unison can be easily upgraded in the field using FTP and TELNET or the local RS 232 serial port Secure upgrades are possible via SSH and SCP We make all firmware upgrades to our prod ucts available to our customers free of charge 2 Unison GPS User Manual EndRun C VAN TECHNOLOGIES Checking and Ide
167. t Q is the time quality indicator and may be either lt space gt ASCII space character 0x20 which indicates locked ASCII question mark 0x3F which indicates the unsynchronized condition This is the on time character is the space character 0x20 DDD is the day of year 001 366 15 the colon character 0x3A HH 15 the hour of the day 00 23 MM 15 the minute of the hour 00 59 SS 15 the second of the minute 00 60 d is the DST indicator S I D O 91 Unison GPS User Manual APPENDIX G TZ XX lt CR gt lt LF gt NENAI 15 the time zone where XX is 00 through 23 is the ASCII carriage return character 0x0D The first CR is the on time character is the ASCII line feed character 0x0A lt CR gt lt LF gt Q WWW DDMMMY Y HH MM SS lt CR gt lt LF gt Q WWW DD MMM YY HH MM SS lt CR gt lt LF gt NENAS is the time quality indicator and may be either lt space gt ASCII space character 0x20 which indicates locked ASCII question mark 0x3F which indicates the unsynchronized condition This is the on time character is the space character 0x20 is the day of week MON TUE WED THU FRI SAT is the day of month 1 31 is the month JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC is the two digit year is the colon character 0x3A is the hour of the day 00 23 is the minute of the hour 00 59 is the second of the minute 00 60 is the
168. t from UTC 16 half hours DST Start Month Apr Sunday 1st Hour 02 DST Stop Month Oct Sunday Last Hour 02 gntptimemodeconfig This command starts an interactive shell script that will allow the user to configure the time mode of of any optional AM Code Output time code or Serial Time Output Possible time modes are UTC GPS and LOCAL These settings have no effect on the operation of the NTP daemon or the underly ing Linux operating system time These ALWAYS operate in UTC By default the unit is configured to operate in UTC mode with an offset to UTC of zero and with Daylight Savings Time disabled If you need to modify this operation you must run this script as root Settings made using this command are non volatile Set gntptimemodeconfig Unison response Interactive shell script is started gntpversion This command displays the firmware version and build date of the Linux NTP Subsystem root file system Query gntpversion Unison response Unison GPS 6010 0042 000 v 1 00 Wed Jan 16 22 38 21 UTC 2004 gptpstat Optional This command is only available if the PTP IEEE 1588 option has been installed Refer to Appendix Precision Time Protocol IEEE 1588 for more information 42 Unison GPS User CONTROL AND STATUS COMMANDS help This command displays a list of the Unison commands not Linux commands To get help on a particular command you would type help followed by the command Query help
169. t has received from clients The timestamps it sends in its NTP SNTP reply packets are accurate to less than one hundred microseconds NTP SNTP client software is available for virtually all operating systems The Unison is composed of a Global Positioning System GPS time and frequency engine integrated with an IBM PC compatible fanless convection cooled 133 MHz CPU with integral ethernet inter face RS 232 serial port and a power supply Non volatile storage of the embedded Linux operating system and the Unison application software is via FLASH memory For more detailed information that is not included in this manual and links to other sites please visit our website http www endruntechnologies com There you can also download firmware upgrades the latest manuals and other documentation The time and frequency engine in the Unison receives transmissions from satellites that are operating in compliance with the Navstar GPS Interface Control Document ICD known as GPS ICD 200 It specifies the receiver interface needed to receive and demodulate the navigation and time transfer data contained in the GPS satellite transmissions The GPS navigation system requires a means of synchronizing the satellite transmissions throughout the constellation so that accurate receiver to sat ellite range measurements can be performed via time of arrival measurements made at the receiver For the purposes of locating the receiver measurements of the times of arr
170. te with the Unison After issuing the command you will see the command prompt ntpq gt Use the command peers to display the NTP peers which your computer is using One of them should be the Unison server which you have just configured You should verify that it is being reached You may have to con tinue issuing the peers command for a minute or two before you will see the reach count increment If you are using authentication you can verify that authentication is being used by issuing the com mand associations to display the characteristics of the client server associations In the auth column of the display you should see OK for the row corresponding to the Unison server If you see bad you should wait a few minutes to be sure that there is a problem since bad is the initial state of this setting If 25 Unison GPS User Manual CHAPTER THREE the bad indication persists then you must check your configuration for errors Typically this is due to a typing error in creating the etc ntp keys file on the client that causes a mismatch between the keys being used by the server and client If you transfer the file by tp or sep this shouldn t be a problem It is also possible to have a typing error in the etc ntp conf file that causes the needed key to not be included in the trustedkey list 26 Unison GPS User EndRun C VAN TECHNOLOGIES Chapter ou
171. th to the file to be uploaded to the Unison Changing the Linux kernel firmware will enable IPv6 opera tion and should only be done if you have a requirement for IPv6 See Chapter 6 IPv6 Information and Performing the Linux Kernel Upgrade in Appendix B Upgrading the Firmware for more information Set upgradekernel tmp newkernelimage Unison response Interactive shell script is started The RS 232 DB9M connector on the rear panel of the Unison is wired as shown below In order to connect the Unison to another computer a null modem adapter must be used The serial cable provided with the shipment is wired as a null modem adapter and can be used to connect the Unison to your computer Ts ata Ser Ready DSR e Gear To Sena ces 9 Not Connected id 46 Unison GPS User Manual EndRun C ANN TECHNOLOGIES Enabling New IPv6 Capabilities ChapterSix IP v6 Information EndRun Technologies understands that IPv6 is still in the experimental stage with essentially no mainstream deployment Customers who are not interested in IPv6 need not burden your system with it You have a choice of an IPv4 only kernel recommended or the IPv4 IPv6 kernel You may freely change this at any time with an easy software download from our website To determine which kernel resides in your Unison check the firmware version using console port command cat proc version An IPv4 only kernel will have a part number and version similar to 6010 0041 000 ver
172. the Clock Class is Syn chronized otherwise it is OSC based on the internal oscillator The PTP UTC Offset The PTP UTC Offset is the offset between TAI and UTC in units of seconds 102 Unison GPS User Manual PTPv1 Configuration and Status PTP IEEE 1588 The PTP UTC Offset Valid either TRUE or FALSE The PTP UTC Offset Valid is TRUE if the cur rent PTP UTC Offset 15 known to be correct otherwise it is FALSE The PTP Clock Accuracy is transmitted when the time 15 accurate to within the the following lus Clock is synchronized or in holdover PTP clock lt 1 microsecond 2 5us Clock is synchronized or in holdover PTP clock lt 2 5 microseconds 10us Clock is synchronized or in holdover PTP clock lt 10 microseconds 25us Clock is synchronized or in holdover PTP clock lt 25 microseconds 100us Clock is synchronized or in holdover PTP clock lt 100 microseconds 250us Clock is synchronized or in holdover PTP clock lt 250 microseconds lms Clock is synchronized or in holdover PTP clock lt 1 millisecond 2 5ms Clock is synchronized or in holdover PTP clock lt 2 5 milliseconds 10ms Clock is synchronized or in holdover PTP clock lt 10 milliseconds Unknown Clock is unsynchronized TFOM 9 The PTP Leap 59 second indicator either TRUE or FALSE The Leap 59 is TRUE if the PTP Times cale is PTP and the last minute of the current UTC day contains 59 seconds otherwise it is FALSE The PTP Leap 61 second indicator either TRUE or F
173. the PTP second to UTC UTC Time When the PTP time mode is set to UTC then there will be a one second jump in time when a leap second insertion occurs If the PTP slave does not account for this it will also jump Avoid this by using PTP time mode 106 Unison GPS User EndRun OW TECHNOLOGIES Appendix Installing the GPS Antenna This appendix contains guidelines for installing the GPS antenna The majority of this appendix is devoted to rooftop installations The last section contains information on a window mount installa tion Antenna Location The location of the antenna must be chosen based on having as clear a view of the sky as possible Any obstructions such as buildings large metal objects or other antennas and even trees will limit the performance of the GPS antenna The antenna should also be located away from overhead power lines or circuits for safety reasons The illustration below shows some examples of good and bad antenna mounting locations Equator kd POOR ANTENNA LOCATION blocked view of the sky plus itis on the side of the building facing away from the equator Equator BETTER ANTENNA LOCATION blocked view of the sky but it is on the side of the building facing the equator N 4 Equator BEST ANTENNA LOCATION full view of the sky 107 Unison GPS User Manual APPENDIX GPS Antenna Kit The time server ships with a free GPS
174. the Unison GPS When you have entered all of the trusted keys that you need enter zero at the next prompt for a key number Enter a trusted key number 1 65534 or 0 to quit Ie Enter a trusted key number 1 65534 or 0 to quit IN Enter a trusted key number 1 65534 or 0 to quit lo NTP Broadcast Multicast Configuration Would you like to enable broadcast multicast server operation yles nlo 17 Unison GPS User Manual CHAPTER TWO Set the network broadcast multicast address for the Unison GPS to use For broadcast mode this address is the all 1 s address on the sub net Example 111 112 113 255 For multicast operation it is this specific address 224 0 1 1 Enter IP address for NTP broadcast multicast operation aaa bbb ccc ddd 224 0 1 1 You have selected multicast operation Enter the number of hops that are needed for the multicast packets on your network positive integer 1 It is highly recommended that authentication be used if you are using NTP in broadcast multicast mode Otherwise clients may easily be spoofed by a fake NTP server You can specify an MD5 key number that the Unison GPS will use in its broadcast multicast packets The clients on your network must be configured to use the same key Would you like to specify an MD5 key number to use with broadcast mode yles nlo Enter the MD5 key number to use 1 65534 2 kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk
175. time string is identical to the Sysplex format The only difference between the two is that the Sysplex format always uses UTC time The time contained in the Truetime format depends on the time mode of the Unison See gntptimemodeconfig in Chapter 5 Control and Status Commands For example if you want an output with this string format that uses Local Time then select the Truetime format The time contained in this string depends on the time mode of the Unison For example if you want the time in this string to be UTC then set the time mode of the Unison to UTC gntptimemo deconfig in Chapter 5 Control and Status Commands The following string is sent once each second T YYYY DDD 55 zZZ m lt CR gt lt LF gt YYYY DDD HH MM SS ZZ CR lt LF gt 90 is the Time Figure of Merit TFOM character described in Appendix E TFOM This is the on time character is the year is the day of year is the colon character 0x3A is the hour of the day is the minute of the hour is the second of the minute is the sign of the offset to UTC implies time is ahead of UTC is the magnitude of the offset to UTC in units of half hours Non zero only when the Timemode is Local is the Timemode character and is one of G GPS L Local U UTC is the ASCII carriage return character 0x0D is the ASCII line feed character 0x0A Unison GPS User Manual EndRunX Extended Format NENA Format SERIAL
176. tude W west E east Field 7 0 08 Speed over ground knots Field 8 158 14 Course made good degrees True Field 9 200508 Date of fix ddmmyy Field 10 empty field Magnetic variation Field 11 empty field Direction of magnetic variation Field 12 A A autonomous mode N data not valid Checksum 0D Msg End lt CR gt lt LF gt VTG Course Over Ground and Ground Speed The VTG sentence identifies the actual course and speed relative to the ground Course over ground degrees Magnetic is not available Examples are below GPVTG T N K N 61 lt CR gt lt LF gt GPVTG 158 14 T 0 08 N 0 14 K A 74 lt CR gt lt LF gt MsgID GPVTG Field 1 158 14 Course over ground Field 2 T Fixed text T shows degree True Field 3 empty field Course over ground not available Field 4 empty field Degrees Magnetic not available Field 5 0 08 Speed over ground knots Field 6 N Fixed text N shows speed over ground is in knots Field 7 0 14 Speed over ground km hr Field 8 K Fixed text shows speed over ground is in km hr Field 9 A A autonomous mode N data not valid Checksum 74 Msg End lt CR gt lt LF gt 95 Unison GPS User Manual APPENDIX G ZDA Time and Date The ZDA sentence identifies the time associated with the current 1PPS pulse Each sentence is transmitted within 500 milliseconds after the 1PPS pulse is output and tells the time of the pulse that just occurred If the Unison is unsynchronized then this sentence will
177. u must know which of the trusted keys it is using for broadcast multicast operation The example Unison configuration shown in Chapter 2 Configuring the Network Time Protocol will be assumed in the example configuration commands shown here You have installed NTP on your client computer You have successfully performed the MD5 Authenticated NTP Client Setup on your client com puter if you plan to use MDS authentication 30 Unison GPS User SETTING UP NTP CLIENTS ON WINDOWS NT 4 0 2000 XP Configure NTP Client for Broadcast You must edit the ntp conf file which ntpd exe the NTP daemon looks for by default in the the winnt system32 drivers etc directory or for XP the windows system32 drivers etc directory Assum ing that your Unison server has been configured to use key 2 for broadcast authentication as shown in the example in chapter 2 make sure that key 2 is included in the trustedkey line and add this line to the end of the ntp conf file broadcastclient If you are not using MD5 authentication you would add these lines disable auth broadcastclient You may remove the line added previously in Basic NTP Client Setup server 192 168 1 245 or the authenticated version added in 5 Authenticated NTP Client Setup server 192 168 1 245 key 1 Configure NTP Client for Multicast You must edit the ntp conf file which ntpd exe the NTP daemon looks for by default in the the winnt system32 drivers etc direct
178. uming that you have created two trusted keys as shown in the example in the previous chapter add these lines to the end of the ntp conf file keys etc ntp keys trustedkey 1 2 Modify the line added previously in Basic NTP Client Setup so that authentication will be used with the Unison server using one of the trusted keys in this case key 1 server 192 168 1 245 key 1 Restart ntpd to have it begin using Unison server with MD5 authentication Use the NTP utility ntpq to check that ntpd is able to communicate with the Unison After issuing the command ntpq you will see the command prompt ntpq gt Use the command peers to display the NTP peers which your computer is using One of them should be the Unison server which you have just configured You should verify that it is being reached You may have to con tinue issuing the peers command for a minute or two before you will see the reach count increment 23 Unison GPS User Manual Broadcast Multicast NTP Client Setup CHAPTER THREE You can verify that authentication is being used by issuing the command associations to display the characteristics of the client server associations In the auth column of the display you should see OK for the row corresponding to the Unison server If you see bad you should wait a few minutes to be sure that there is a problem since bad is the initial state of this setting If the bad
179. urely upgrade your Unison firmware via the HTTP interface the network port or the serial port Software upgrades for the Unison are available at this link http www endruntechnologies com upgradeuni htm The HTTP interface is not available in the older Unison models These models have a Linux Subsys tem root file system RFS number of 6010 0042 000 To see the number enter the gntpversion command via the network serial port If you have one of the older Unison models please proceed to the next section Upgrade Via The Network Serial Port The newer Unison models have or can have the HTTP interface capability These models have a Linux Subsystem RFS number of 6010 0044 000 The HTTP interface was introduced at version 5 50 of the Linux Subsystem software If you have one of the newer Unison models and your current software version is at least 5 50 you may upgrade firmware via the HTTP interface or the network serial port Software upgrades via the HTTP interface are simple with your choice of two methods 1 If your Unison has access to the internet the HTTP interface can automatically retrieve the ap propriate files from the FTP server at endruntechnologies com to temporary locations on the Unison You will need to authenticate the root user name and password and follow the prompts from the HTTP interface to complete each upgrade one for the Linux Subsystem and the other for the GPS Subsystem IMPORTANT The domain name server IP
180. urrent NMEA Sentence 2 Setting NONE Current NMEA Sentence 3 Setting NONE Unison GPS User Manual CONTROL AND STATUS COMMANDS cpusertimecontig This command starts an interactive shell script that will allow the root user to change the settings of the optional Serial Time Output The user selectable outputs are the format Sysplex Truetime EndRun EndRunX NENA1 NENA8 and NMEA the baud rate 4800 9600 19200 57600 and the parity ODD EVEN or NONE The three NMEA sentences can also be changed but are applicable only if the Output Format is NMEA More information about the various formats is in Appendix G Serial Time Output Set cpusertimeconfig Unison response Interactive shell script is started eraserootfs 1 This command erases the UPGRADE root file system FLASH partition in preparation for performing a Linux NTP Subsystem firmware upgrade See Appendix B Upgrading the Firmware for more information Set eraserootfs 1 Unison response Erase progress as percent is shown gpsdynmode This command displays the current GPS Subsystem dynamic mode of operation It has two possible settings ON or OFF When it is ON it is assumed that the Unison is installed on a moving platform When it is OFF it is assumed that the Unison is installed in a stationary location When the dynamic mode is OFF the Unison will use its accurate reference position to implement Timing Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring TR
181. ust re run ptp2config prior to re booting You will now be prompted for the necessary set up parameters HF HF HF A HF HF HF HF OF Unison GPS User Manual o o APPENDIX H kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk PTP Sync Interval Configuration Set the PTP Sync Interval in seconds 1 or 2 1 PTP announce interval Configuration Set the PTP Announce Interval in seconds 1 2 4 8 16 16 PTP Priority1 Configuration Set the Priorityl value 0 255 127 PTP Priority2 Configuration Set the PTP Priority2 value 0 255 128 PTP Delay Mechanism E2E or P2P Set the PTP Delay Mechanism E2E or P2P P2P PTP Domain Configuration Set the PTP Domain value 0 255 0 PTP Time Mode Configuration Set the PTP Time Mode UTC or PTP UTC PTP TTL Configuration Set the PTP TTL value 1 255 1 kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk The Unison GPS Precision Time Protocol IEEE 1588 V2 configuration has been updated ox Please re boot now for the changes to take effect kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk
182. ut does not normally print such an announcement your work based on the Program is not required to print an announcement These requirements apply to the modified work as a whole If identifiable sections of that work are not derived from the Program and can be reasonably considered independent and separate works in themselves then this License and its terms do not apply to those sections when you distribute them as separate works But when you distribute the same sections as part of a whole which is a work based on the Program the distribution of the whole must be on the terms of this License whose permissions for other licensees extend to the entire whole and thus to each and every part regardless of who wrote it Thus it is not the intent of this section to claim rights or contest your rights to work written entirely by you rather the intent is to exercise the right to control the distribution of derivative or collective works based on the Program In addition mere aggregation of another work not based on the Program with the Program or with a work based on the Program on a volume of a storage or distribution medium does not bring the other work under the scope of this License 3 You may copy and distribute the Program or a work based on it under Section 2 in object code or executable form under the terms of Sections and 2 above provided that you also do one of the following a Accompany it with the complete corresponding m
183. wever if returned product proves to be operating normally not defective then Buyer shall pay for all shipping charges If Buyer is located outside the U S A then Buyer shall pay all duties and taxes if any Products not manufactured by EndRun Technologies but included as an integral part of a system e g peripherals options are warranted for ninety days or longer as provided by the original equipment manufacturer from date of shipment Extended Warranty The MTBF Mean Time Between Failures for this product is 225 000 hours 25 years After the initial warranty period it is most cost effective for the customer to repair the unit on an as needed ba sis rather than pay for an extended warranty or the annually recurring fees of a service contract Limitation of Warranty The foregoing express warranty shall not apply to defects resulting from improper or inadequate maintenance by Buyer or User Buyer supplied software or interfacing unauthorized modification or misuse operation outside of the environmental specifications for the product or improper site prepa ration or maintenance TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY LAW THIS WARRANTY AND REMEMDIES SET FORTH ABOVE ARE EXCLUSIVE AND IN LIEU OF ALL OTHER WARRANTIES REMEDIES AND CONDITIONS WHETHER ORAL OR WRITTEN STATUTORY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED AS PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW ENDRUN SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIMS THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
184. wever it is highly recom mended that authentication be configured when using broadcast multicast mode due to the relative ease with which a fake NTP server can take over the clock setting of the broadcast multicast clients on the network 27 Unison GPS User Manual Basic NTP Client Setup CHAPTER FOUR Basic setup is relatively simple if You have been able to successfully communicate with the Unison on your network You have installed NTP on your client computer Configure NTP You must edit the ntp conf file which ntpd exe the NTP daemon looks for by default in the the winnt system32 drivers etc directory of the boot partition If your NTP installation placed this file in a different place you must find it and edit it For example XP uses windows system32 drivers etc Add this line to the ntp conf file server 192 168 1 245 This line tells ntpd exe to use the NTP server at address 192 168 1 245 in addition to any other servers which might also be configured in the ntp conf file Restart ntpd exe to have it begin using the Unison server By default the NTP installation program installs ntpd exe as a service called Network Time Protocol and starts it You must use the Ser vices utility in Control Panel to stop the Network Time Protocol service and then restart it Use the NTP utility ntpq exe to check that ntpd exe is able to communicate with the Unison By default it is installed in the Program Files Network Time Pr
185. y features to prevent unauthorized tampering with its operation Many of these are standard multiple user access control features of the underlying Linux operating system which controls the Unison Others are provided by the additional protocol servers selected for inclusion in your Unison and the way that they are configured Secure user authentication and session privacy while performing routine monitoring and mainte nance tasks are provided by the OpenSSH implementations of the secure shell daemon sshd and its companion secure utility sep The Apache implementation of the Hyper Text Transport Protocol HTTP with Secure Sockets Layer SSL daemon httpd provides for a secure encyrpted session with a digital certificate The NET SNMP implementation of the Simple Network Manage ment Protocol SNMP daemon snmpd conforms to the latest Internet standard known as SNMPv3 which also supports secure user authentication and session privacy In addition the Network Time Protocol daemon ntpd supports client server authentication security measures to deter spoofing of NTP clients by rogue NTP servers This appendix describes these security measures and gives the advanced network administrator information that will allow custom configuration to fit specific security needs IMPORTANT SSH Telnet SNMP and HTTP are all enabled with default passwords To ensure security change the pass words or disable the protocols To change the pas
186. your Unison GPS You will be able to reconfigure your system at any time T by typing netconfig 1 Unison GPS User Manual CHAPTER TWO The settings you make now will not take effect until you restart your Unison GPS so if you make a mistake just re run this script before rebooting You will be prompted to enter your network parameters now kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk DHCP Settings Use a DHCP server to configure the ethernet interface yles n o n HOST name setting Set the hostname of your Unison GPS Only the base hostname is needed not the domain Enter hostname gntp DOMAIN name setting Set the domain name Do not supply a leading Enter domain name for gntp your domain STATIC IP ADDRESS setting Set the IP address for the Unison GPS Example 111 112 113 114 Enter IP address for gntp aaa bbb ccc ddd 192 168 1 245 DEFAULT GATEWAY ADDRESS setting Set the default gateway address such as 111 112 113 1 If you don t have a gateway just hit ENTER to continue Enter default gateway address aaa bbb ccc ddd 192 168 1 241 NETMASK setting Set the netmask This will look something like this 255 255 255 0 Enter netmask aaa bbb ccc ddd 255 255 255 248 Calculating the BROADCAST and NETWORK addresses
187. ys to do this 1 Cycle power to the Unison 2 Issue the shutdown with reboot command at the shell prompt Unison GPS root gntp gt shutdown r now If you are using the RS 232 serial I O port to communicate with the Unison you will be able to see the kernel generated boot messages when the unit reboots You should note the line Configuring eth0 as 192 168 1 245 if you have set up a static IP address or this line Attempting to configure eth0 by contacting a DHCP server if you are using DHCP It appears near the end of the kernel generated boot messages If you are using DHCP and are not using the RS 232 serial I O port you will have to check the DHCP configuration information maintained by your DHCP server to determine the expected IP ad dress and log in to the Unison using telnet or ssh to verify successful DHCP configuration Refer to the subsequent topics in this section Using Telnet and Using SSH for details on logging in to the Unison that way Once you have logged in you may perform the following checks If you are not using DHCP the IP address shown should match the static IP address which you entered during the netconfig procedure If so log in as root at the login prompt and check the other configuration parameters using ifconfig Unison GPS root gntp gt ifconfig etho Link encap Ethernet HWaddr 00 0E FE 00 00 34 inet addr 192 168 1 245 Bcast 192 168 1 247 Mask 255 255 255 248 UP BROADCAST RUNNING

Unison GPS Network Time Server User Manual

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