Industrial Fiber Optic Link/Repeaters❺ User Manual
Contents
1. Master FIGURE 11 Master Slave Loop Configuration The Master must have its Mode jumper in the OFF position When it transmits a request out its T optical port it will receive the echo of its request at its R optical port This request has gone around the loop and has been repeated by each Slave in the loop However the Master does not repeat re transmit any of these received signals optically back around the loop because its Mode jumper is in the OFF position 2 5 Models RS 232 CH43 and PC43 NOTE The communication logic and control software of the Master IED must be able to manage the receipt of its echoed request The receipt of the echo can be used in conjunction with a watchdog timer to continuously verify loop integrity When addressed the Slave will transmit an appropriate response Each Link Repeater connected to a Slave IED must have its mode jumper set in the ON position In this mode all signals received on a Slave s R optical port are delivered to the IED s communication port and at the same time repeated out the T optical port to the next device in the loop If an IED determines that this request requires a response then the Link Repeater transmits the IED s response out the T optical port The response is repeated at each Slave device until it2. TESTING Models CH43 and PC43 lend themselves to easy installation and testing Testing the units requires transmitting and receiving data while observing that the diagnostic LEDs are illuminating in the proper sequence To test whether a unit is transmitting and receiving correctly insert a short fiber jumper between its T and R optical ports transmit a signal and note that all four diagnostic LEDs should illuminate during communication refer to Figure 5 To test the units in a loop configuration two Link Repeaters are required Connect short jumper fibers from the T optical port of one Link Repeater to the R optical port of the other Set the Mode jumper for one of the units to REP and the other to OFF The unit with the Mode jumper in the OFF position is the Master Using the Master transmit and receive through the other unit in the repeat mode Observe that the diagnostic LEDs illuminate during communication refer to Figure 5 When a Link Repeater is not connected to an IED and is in the repeat mode Transmit pin 2 or pin 3 depending on the position of the DCE DTE jumper and Chassis Ground pin 1 should be connected to Signal Common pin 7 This will prevent any spurious noise from being induced into the fiber optic loop circuit while servicing an IED TROUBLESHOOTING If the unit does not work properly use the following check list Is the unit properly powered Verify the unit is receiving the correct power Check
3. Link Repeater s T optical port Each port is fitted with an ST type receptacle for attaching the FOC z a E pl el 5 a Ea z 8 m a R Optical Port FIGURE4 Optical Ports Repeat Jumper OFF Repeat Jumper ON FIGURE 5 Data Signal Path 1 6 Model CH43 RS 232 1 2 6 Diagnostic LEDs Each Link Repeater is equipped with four diagnostic LEDs They represent the electrical transmit TE optical transmit TO electrical delivery RE and optical receive RO paths These LEDs when illuminated show that the appropriate path is active When the Link Repeater is transmitting both TE and TO LEDs will illuminate to show the transmit path active When the Link Repeater is receiving light signals both RO and RE LEDs will illuminate If the unit is in the repeat mode and receiving light the RO RE and TO LEDs will illuminate because the signal is being re transmitted out the optical port as well as being delivered to the D connector LEDs only illuminate when the path is active powering of the unit does not illuminate the LEDs unless their path is active When data is present on the paths the LEDs may flicker this is normal The diagnostic LEDs may be used for trouble shooting by observing that the illumination of the LEDs corresponds to activity in the unit See Figure 5 for LED patterns and signal paths FIGURE 6 Diagnostic LED positions o
4. Pulse Width Distortion o o o 3 3 3 Temperature Effect 0 a 3 4 Powering the Link Repeater 2 2 eee eee ee 3 4 1 Model CH43 voca in a ae i E a O 3 5 Type of Communication 0 0200 ee eee 3 6 Selection of Fiber Optic Cable Testing and Troubleshooting 4 1 Testing ae saa ee o A A 4 2 Troubleshooting oaa 0000 pee nee Specifications 7a pe anu ek Poel a wate dh eek AAA a ana 5 1 Electrical and Optical Specifications 0 5 2 Mechanical Dimensions of the CH43 Ordering Information E o md os 2 le A doONOAA XA ZA A dll dl dl dl I I I I i on oORRBRBRWWNHD A A 4 1 4 1 5 1 5 1 5 2 6 1 Model CH43 RS 232 1 1 1 INTRODUCTION DYMEC DynaStar Model CH43 is a data communication Link Repeater Card for use in the DYMEC DynaStar 3900 Series Chassis which allows the replacement of copper wire with fiber optic cable Link Repeaters simply convert electrical signals to light for transmission then when received convert the light to electrical signals This is done for RS 232 formats Link Repeaters are passive to software protocol They are not addressable in communication protocols and do not provide any control logic capability supporting communication protocols Link Repeaters are designed with several featur
5. arrives at the Master When an IED is a Slave it should not attempt to initiate a transmission while it is receiving a signal Since signals being received are also being repeated at the same time any attempts to transmit its response while still receiving can corrupt both transmissions due to a data collision CAUTION If a Slave IED attempts to transmit while receiving a message a data collision will occur In Master Slave Loop Operation half duplex communication sequential transmit and receive functions is available Only the Master can communicate full duplex simultaneous transmit and receive in a Master Slave loop APPLICATION NOTE In a Master Slave Loop Operation the communication logic control software and the Master IED must manage 1 The transmission to Slaves including addressing 2 The receipt of the echo of its transmissions 3 The receipt of the Slave s response to its transmission 4 The control of the Slaves to prevent the initiation of a transmission while receiving a signal 2 2 1 Installation 1 Set the DTE DCE Jumper to the appropriate position for each Link Repeater and its respective IED 2 Set the Mode Jumper on both of the units to the OFF position 3 Set the Data Coupling Jumpers for the appropriate position based on the data rate used in the communication network 4 Insert the CH43 into an open slot in the 3900 Chassis and then energize the power source to the 3900 Chassis Se
6. recovery with each bit instead of just the start and stop bits of the data word Number of Repeats The Number of Repeats is the number of Link Repeaters that may be connected in a loop configuration The sum of Slaves in a Master Slave loop is the number of repeats for that type of loop The number of Peers minus one is the number of repeats in a Peer to Peer loop Asynchronous Communication This type of communication does not transmit a separate clock signal with the data signal Link Repeaters only support asynchronous communication A communication scheme where the clock needs to be transmitted Synchronous Communication is not supported unless the data and clock are transmitted together on the same pin 1 3 1 2 MODEL CH43 LINK REPEATER 1 2 1 Model CH43 RS 232 Each Link Repeater consists of the following elements shown in Figure 1 DCE DTE Jumpers DB 9 Connector Diagnostic LED s z Blo E 4 e 5 B Ea z 8 6 a a a DATA COUPLING 5 o Repeat Mode Data Coupling Jumper Jumpers ST Fiber Connectors FIGURE 1 Elements of the Link Repeater 9 Pin Data Port D connector The Link Repeater connects directly to an IED s RS 232 communication port The pin out configuration of the Link Repeater is shown in Figure 2 If the IED s port is not a 9 pi
7. respect to and assumes no responsibility for the accuracy completeness sufficiency or usefulness of the information contained herein No warranties of merchantability or fitness for purpose shall apply Permission is granted to make a reasonable number of copies of this document for the use within an organization which has purchased the equipment e Link Repeater is used exclusively to describe DYMEC DynaStar s unique family of Fiber Optic Data Links 6 Table of Contents Introduction Definitions 1 1 e 1 2 Model CH43 Link Repeater 1 2 1 9 Pin Data PortD Connector 1 2 2 DTE DCE Jumper 1 2 3 Data Coupling 1 2 4 Mode Jumper 125OpticalPorts 0 0008 1 2 6 Diagnostic LEDs a ROSY 1 2 7 Power Connections 1 2 8 Peripheral Equipment Configurations Operation and Installation 2 1 Point to Point Configuration 2 2 Loop Operation Master Slave Configuration Applications sa teo zorra a A elie Pe BO oe DS ae 3 1 Data Rater gira E Be Se ead ete nn 3 2 Optical Budget ah Ge a Men aan ee 3 2 1 Cable Attenuation Factors 22 202 3 2 2 Extending the Distance 2 a ee 3 3 Number of Repeats A da a cones eae Rares 3 3 1 Effects of Data Rate 2 2 2200 3 3 2
8. that the diagnostic LEDs are responding to the optical and electrical activity Is the unit mated properly to the IED If an adapter is used check that pin assignments are connected correctly Are the fiber cables connected properly T to R not R to R nor T to T Is the DTE DCE jumper and the Repeat jumper set to the proper positions for the application Determine that the IED s originating signal is within standards NOTE If the Link Repeater is not connected directly to an IED determine that the electrical signal received by the Link Repeater is not corrupt The Link Repeater only repeats the signal it is given it does not re clock or re generate the signal e Review the IED s software and protocols Does the IED have physical handshaking requirements and have the appropriate settings on the IED been made to compensate for these requirements e Consult factory 4 1 Models CH43 and PC43 RS 232 NOTE The LEDs only illuminate when there is signal traffic and are not illuminated during signal quiet times The LEDs may flicker This is normal operation NOTE Link Repeaters contain no serviceable parts Opening the unit will void the warranty 5 SPECIFICATIONS 5 1 Electrical and Optical Specifications All Specifications over entire Operating Temperature Range LINK I O Data Format Configuration Connector Data Rate Data Transmission Transmission Distance Bit Error Rate Power Required
9. 250 Vdel 90 250 Vac ACCESSORIES Model Description __ 4310S AC to 12 Vdc Power adapter for Models 5843HRT 5843SHRT PA lanas 3340HRT SOMA and SB45SRT Simplex Multi Mode Fiber Optic Cable 62 5 125 um 100 KPSI Suitable for use in cable troughs conduit and outdoor applications Duplex Multi Mode Fiber Optic Cable 62 5 125 um 100 KPSI Suitable for use in cable troughs conduit and outdoor applications 5756A XXXX Breakout Duplex Multi Mode Fiber Optic Cable 62 5 125 um 100 A KPSI Suitable for use in cable troughs conduit and outdoor applica tions and direct burial underground burial lashed and building riser Connector and Complete Assembly Tested DB9 Male Tinned Lead Pigtail Cable XXXX the length of the fiber optic cable in Meters note order only in full meters and not a fraction thereof 1 Meter 3 281 Feet 25 Commerce Way 1 N Andover MA 01845 DYMEC 2 DynaStar re Singer Y www DYMEC DynaStar com NETWORKS FOR INDUSTRY ivi Ii WU Pr 6 1 READER S COMMENTS We invite your comments and welcome suggestions to make this manual more useful Bulletin Rev Today s Date GENERAL COMMENTS a Im Excellent O ve Acceptable G Contents Organization Accuracy Clarity Completeness Example lllustrations Referencing Indexing Readability CHEECHE EEEE E a DETAILED COMMENTS Please be specific i e correct expand etc Page No Comments Other suggestions fo
10. Bus network may be created from any Slave Port of the Optical Star The Optical Stars maybe cascaded Cascading means optically connecting a Slave Port of one Optical Star to the Master Port of the next Optical Star IEDs of different electrical formats i e RS 232 EIA 422 EIA 485 2 wire or EIA 485 4 wire may also be interconnected optically in the Star Configuration Models 5845 and Models 5846 are optically compatible with the CH43 and are used to serve the EIA 422 and EIA 485 devices 2 3 Models CH43 and PC43 RS 232 NOTE It is not recommended that a loop network be connected to an Optical Stars Slave Port Dyfme MODEL OS5 FIBER OPTIC STAR FIGURE 10 Optical Star Configuration OS5 cascaded to an OS5 2 2 Models CH43 and PC43 RS 232 LOOP OPERATION MASTER SLAVE CONFIGURATION NOTE Before constructing a loop network be sure that the software protocol of the Master is capable of managing the receipt of its own echoed transmission If it cannot then use Point to Point configurations only between devices in an optical bus network approach This configuration supports a system which requires more than two IEDs to be communicating In a Master Slave loop system one IED acts as a Master at all times and addresses or polls each of the other connected IEDs individually Each Slave receives the same transmission from the Master IED but only responds when it recognizes its address in the polling message
11. Operating Temperature Storage Temperature Point to Point Latency Delay Repeat Latency Delay ELECTRICAL INPUT Input Impedance Input Voltage ELECTRICAL OUTPUT Output Impedance Driver Output OPTICAL INFORMATION Optical Budget Typical Wavelength Connector Type Fiber Type Models CH43 amp PC43 EIA RS 232C CCITT v 24 DTE DCE jumper able Link Repeater jumper able 9 pin D type female DC to 250k bps Asynchronous simplex or full duplex up to 5000 m 62 5 125um cable 3 dB km 10E 9 max 5 Vdc 500 mA max 40 C to 85 C 45 C to 85 C 4 uS max lt 400nS per Repeat gt 3000 Ohms 30 V max gt 300 Ohms 5 V min into 3000 Ohms 19 5 dB 62 5 125 um cable 850nm ST Multi mode 50 200um All Specifications are subject to change without notice 5 1 5 2 Mechanical Dimensions of the CH43 _ 5 10 A 12 95 B 4 81 12 21 9 104 2X z O E O m 0 41 0 55 DB 9FEMALE sT 1 04 2 51 9 1 39 CONNECTOR OPTICS o2 Zo T 29 uz z a e if KO 25 0 60 loss 1 04 sl ER 0 4 1 52 2 64 05 1 0 1 54 1 27 3 91 p 2 60 a 6 60 _ 3 94 10 00 DIMENSIONS ARE IN INCHES CENTIMETERS 6 ORDERING INFORMATION LINK REPEATERS 9 15 Vdc 90
12. Price 25 US Industrial Fiber Optic Link Repeaters Model CH43 User Manual REV AB gt gt y 25 Commerce Way 1 N Andover MA 01845 qj Phone 978 688 8807 FAX 978 688 8771 www garrettcom com GarretiGom Industrial Networking at Its Best 3 44 0008 00 Printed in the USA Warnings Cautions and Notes as Used in this Publication Warning notices are used in this publication to emphasize that hazardous voltages currents or other conditions that could cause personal injury exist in this equipment or may be associated with its use In situations where inattention could cause either injury or damage to equipment a Warning notice is used CAUTION Caution notices are used where equipment malfunction is possible if care is not taken NOTE APPLICATION NOTE Notes and Application Notes call attention to information that is especially significant to understanding and operating the equipment This document is based on information available at the time of its publication While efforts have been made to be accurate the information contained herein does not purport to cover all details or variations nor to provide for every possible contingency in connection with installation operation or maintenance DYMEC DynaStar assumes no obligation of notice to holders of this document with respect to changes subsequently made DYMEC DynaStar makes no representation or warranty expressed implied or statutory with
13. Set the DTE DCE Jumper to the appropriate position for each Link Repeater and its respective IED 2 Set the Mode Jumper on both of the units to the OFF position 3 Set the Data Coupling Jumpers for the appropriate position based on the data rate used in the communication network 4 Insert the CH43 into an open slot in the 3900 Chassis and then energize the power source to the 3900 Chassis See the Installation Sheet for the 3900 Chassis for powering Instructions The Link Repeater Card is now powered 5 Connect the Link Repeater to the IED s RS 232 communication port including any adapter that may be needed 6 Connect the Fiber Optic Cables T of one device to R of the second device 7 The units are now installed and operating 8 Verify operation using the diagnostic LEDs See Figure 5 NOTE The LEDs only illuminate when there is signal traffic and are not illuminated during signal quiet times The LEDs may flicker This is normal operation APPLICATION NOTE The Point to Point concept can be used to create an optical bus network This can be useful for those situations where the software in the Master has not been written in such a way that it can handle the return of the transmitted echo that occurs in loop networks Figure 8 shows the connection scheme for an RS 232 optical bus Note that all Slaves hear the Master s transmission but only the Master hears the response from the addressed Slave The Master must alw
14. TE Diagnostic LED that illuminates when the Link Repeater is receiving an electrical transmit from its IED TO Diagnostic LED that illuminates when the Link Repeater is transmitting a signal optically R Receive optical port Model CH43 RS 232 RE Diagnostic LED that illuminates when the Link Repeater is delivering a received optical signal electrically to the IED RO Diagnostic LED that illuminates when the Link Repeater is receiving a signal optically Optical Budget The optical budget is expressed in dB and is the amount of light loss tolerated for reliable communication The total distance between two devices that a signal can be transmitted is determined by subtracting all the losses of the circuit from the optical budget Various factors in the optical circuit attenuate the light transmission and must be accounted for to assure a reliable optical circuit Key factors include cable attenuation expressed as dB per unit length cable aging and cable fittings terminations splitters couplers etc Non Return to Zero NRZ This type of encoding scheme does not require the voltage potential of each data bit to return to the zero potential No clock or timing recovery is provided with this type of communication except in the start and stop bits usually found on each data word Return to Zero RZ This type of encoding scheme requires the voltage potential of each data bit to return to the zero potential This allows timing
15. ays be the first IED in the network Models CH43 and PC43 RS 232 RS 232 Master Slave Master Typical Slave Last Slave T R T com R T R FIGURE 9 RS 232 Bus Configuration APPLICATION NOTE Another variation of the point to point concept is the Optical Star network This topology may be created using the DYMEC DynaStar Optical Star OS5 or OS9 This topology creates a Hub and Spoke configuration which can be useful in solving a network configuration based upon the physical positioning of the nodes The DYMEC DynaStar Optical Stars can also be used to create a multi drop Master Slave Optical Star network The Models CH43 and PC43 are optically compatible with the OS5 and OS9 Master and Slave ports Figure 10 shows a typical connection of an Optical Star network The master IED must always be connected to the Master port of the Optical Star The slave IED s must always be connected to the Slave ports of the Optical Star Variations of this configuration are as follows The optical star may be the last node of an optical bus configuration One may create an Optical Bus configuration starting with the Master IED to a series of Slave IEDs and then connect the fiber network to the Master port of the OS5 or OS9 to continue the network in a Hub and Spoke topology A Master IED may be connected to the master port of an OS5 or OS9 and then an Optical
16. data communication This intelligence needs to logically manage the data and signal traffic including any addressing token passing handshaking data formatting and scheduling 1 2 8 2 Fiber Optic Cable FOC The selection of the fiber optic cable is important High quality cable can assure the maximum performance of your Link Repeater Important factors to consider are the manufacturer s specification on attenuation per unit length attenuation due to aging diameter and tensile strength Choosing the best quality FOC for your installation is important Model CH43 Link Repeater optical ports are designed for ST type terminations and are compatible with multi mode FOC ranging from 50 um to 200 um NOTE DYMEC DynaStar can supply multi mode glass FOC in either Simplex Duplex or Breakout construction cut to length terminated polished and tested The specification for all DYMEC DynaStar supplied cables are as follows Fiber Diameter 62 5 125um Tensile Strength 100 kpsi Loss 3 dB per kilometer Aging Loss less than 3 dB 1 8 2 2 1 Models CH43 and PC43 RS 232 CONFIGURATIONS OPERATION AND INSTALLATION Model CH43 Link Repeater can be connected in a Point to Point configuration in a Master Slave Loop or an optical bus depending on the needs of the overall communication system This model is designed to accept electrical inputs per RS 232 standards RS 232 data communication signals are always on pins 2 or 3 transm
17. e the Installation Sheet for the 3900 Chassis for powering Instructions The Link Repeater Card is now powered 5 Connect the Link Repeater to the IED s RS 232 communication port including any adapter that may be needed 6 Connect the Fiber Optic Cables T of one device to R of the second device 2 6 Models CH43 and PC43 RS 232 7 The units are now installed and operating 8 Verify operation using the diagnostic LEDs See Figure 5 NOTE The LEDs only illuminate when there is signal traffic and are not illuminated during signal quiet times The LEDs may flicker This is normal operation 2 7 3 3 1 3 2 Models CH43 and PC43 RS 232 APPLICATIONS When planning a system using Model CH43 and Model PC43 Link Repeaters the following con siderations should be reviewed Data Rate Optical Budget and the distance between connected units Number of units in a loop configuration Powering the Link Repeaters Type of communication including format Selection of Fiber Optic Cable FOC DATA RATE Model CH43 and Model PC43 Link Repeaters automatically support all data rates from 1000 bits per second to 250 Kilobits per second No internal selection nor setting is required However it is necessary that all connected IEDs be set at the same data rate OPTICAL BUDGET The optical budget is a ratio of the receiver sensitivity to launched optical power i e amount of light loss available from the transmitter to
18. ected to an IED Two Link Repeaters would be necessary one for each fiber path When installed as a repeater only the 9 pin D connector of either Model CH43 or Model PC43 should be installed with a terminator that covers the pins and connects the transmit pin 2 or 3 depending on the DTE DCE jumper position to the signal common pin 7 and also connects the signal common pin 7 to the chassis ground pin 1 NUMBER OF REPEATS In a loop configuration the number of units that can be used as repeaters must be determined A repeater is any unit that uses the repeat function of the Link Repeater All Slaves in a Master Slave loop are considered repeaters Three factors must be considered in calculating the maximum number of repeaters possible in a loop the data rate bits per second the minimum required width of the original pulse echoed back to the Master and the peak operating temperature Models CH43 and PC43 RS 232 Number of Repeats in a Loop Configuration 10 100 Data Rates kbps FIGURE 12 Number of Repeats 3 3 1 Effects of Data Rate The number of repeaters is an inverse linear function to the data rate more repeats at lower data rates The data rate or bits per second rate determines what the original pulse width of each bit will be The higher the data rate the smaller t
19. ed by DYMEC DynaStar optical connector losses can be ignored because the cable is tested after the terminations are added If you are using fittings not supplied by DYMEC DynaStar you can get the optical budget loss information from their manufacturer s 3 2 1 3 Aging As FOC ages tiny cracks will form in the glass core of the fiber These will cause the attenuation of the cable to increase The optical emitters age over time causing a reduction in their optical launch power DYMEC DynaStar suggests that a buffer be applied to the optical budget to assure proper operation of the unit over a 20 year life A 2 5 dB to 3 dB loss factor is suggested to compensate for system aging over 20 years EXAMPLE FOC is 62 5 125 um multi mode DYMEC DynaStar supplied 100 kpsi rated 3 dB km and 3 dB for aging No other attenuating items in the circuit initial 19 5 dB Optical Budget less 3 dB aging less 0 dB for other circuit attenuation fittings equals 16 5 dB divided by 3 dB km equals 5 5 km maximum distance of FOC between transmitter and receiver NOTE FOC extends communication beyond normal RS 232 Standards limits The distance allowable between Link Repeaters must be calculated using the factors listed above 3 3 3 2 2 Extending the Distance Should the distance between two devices exceed that calculated above it is possible to insert a Model CH43 or Model PC43 Link Repeater to function as a stand alone repeater not conn
20. es that allow easy installation and flexibility in configuring for various communication systems One should read all of this manual to fully understand how to use the many features of the Link Repeaters in an effective communication system DEFINITIONS The following terms are used in this manual IED An IED is any intelligent electrical device capable of RS 232 data communication such as a computer RTU PLC smart meter relay etc The IED must have resident software or firmware that manages the data communication logic including protocol formatting and timing addressing capability if required control logic software handshaking and scheduling Point to Point Configuration Two Link Repeaters connected directly to each other Master Slave Loop Configuration More than two Link Repeaters connected together where the FOC connects the T optical port of one device to the R optical port of the next unit in the loop One IED is designated as the Master and controls all the communication and the other IEDs act as Slaves and respond only when specifically polled by the Master Peer to Peer Loop Configuration More than two Link Repeaters connected together where the FOC connects the T optical port of one device to the R optical port of the next unit in the loop Each IED has the capability of becoming loop Master as allowed by the controlling software Echo The return of the Master s transmission Packets back to the Master afte
21. he pulse width of each bit As the signal passes through a repeater the distortion effect which is a fixed amount on the data signal is greater as a percentage of the pulse width at higher data rates due to the narrower pulse widths than at lower data rates 3 3 2 Pulse Width Distortion As the data signal is passed from repeater to repeater there is a small change to the pulse width defined as pulse width distortion The amount of change that is tolerable corresponds to the percentage of original pulse width required by a particular communication system design Typically a communication system requires that the data word or bit stream which each Slave IED receives match the signal originally generated by the Master within some tolerance of pulse width distortion High tolerance systems allow more pulse width distortion therefore more repeats are tolerated Conversely low tolerance systems allow fewer repeats in the loop Figure 10 shows the maximum number of repeats possible if 70 of the original pulse width is required by any IED in the loop The acceptable percentage of the original pulse width is due to the requirements of the IEDs If more of the original pulse width is necessary or less is allowable then the number found in Figure 10 can be modified Table 2 shows the factors to be used to correct the number of repeats found in Figure 10 for such cases 3 3 Models CH43 and PC43 RS 232 3 4 3 5 Table 2 of Origina
22. iber The optics required to drive single mode fiber have to be highly focused so that minimum dispersion occurs Though requiring more expensive optic emitters the benefit is that longer transmission distances up to 30 km can be achieved Multi mode Multi mode fibers have core diameters of 50um and larger This larger core allows the light rays to be propagated along several different paths down the fiber The different paths include an axial component as well as reflected components Multi mode units are economical and effective for transmission over distances up to 5 km Repeat Mode Jumper The mode jumper enables ON or disables OFF the repeater function of the Link Repeater DTE DCE Jumper Each Link Repeater is provided with this jumper to easily adapt the device for either the DTE or DCE configuration of the equipment which it connects Data Coupling Jumper Each Link Repeater is provided with this jumper to easily adapt the device for either DC or AC electrical Input data coupling With AC data coupling the minimum input data rate is 1200 baud with DC data coupling there is no minimum input data rate but a signal stuck on the input will lock up a loop bussed or star network Simplex Communication Transmit only or receive only communications Half Duplex Communication Sequential transmit and receive communications Full Duplex Communication Simultaneous transmit and receive communications T Transmit optical port
23. ink Repeater is disabled The Link Repeater converts the optical signal received on the R optical port to an electrical signal and delivers this signal to the appropriate pin of the 9 pin connector and does not re transmit the signal optically out the Link Repeater s T optical port 1 2 4 Data Coupling Jumper The Data Coupling jumper selects the electrical input conditioning the AC position selects capacitively coupled the DC position is directly coupled AC AC coupling has a minimum incoming data requirement of 1200 baud due to the capacitive coupling This option blocks DC electrical levels should the device connected fail and stick in a high level DC DC coupling allows DC logic levels to be transmitted over the fiber network care must be taken to guarantee that when any device stops transmitting packets that the input level returns to a state that allows the T receptacle emitter to turn off If it does not and the IED is part of a loop bussed or star network the first device to transmit blocks all other devices on the network from transmitting D B9 CONFIGURATION DATA COUPLING O O FIGURE 3 Jumper Settings Factory Default Settings 1 5 Model CH43 RS 232 1 2 5 Optical Ports There are two optical ports T and R The T optical port transmits data signals optically to the next Link Repeater The R port receives the optical data signal from another
24. it or receive pin assignment is based upon the setting of the DTE DCE jumper of the Link Repeater s 9 pin D connector All signal voltage levels on the 9 pin D connector are referenced to pin 5 of the D connector It is also possible to optically connect Link Repeaters together which are connected to IEDs with different electrical formats It is possible to optically interconnect Models CH45 5845 and 5846 operating EIA 422 485 to DYMEC DynaStar Model CH43 which is connected to IEDs operating with RS 232 formats APPLICATION NOTE DYMEC DynaStar Models CH43 CH45 5845 and 5846 can optically communicate to each other eliminating the need for format translation interfaces provided all connected devices are operating at the same data rate POINT TO POINT CONFIGURATION For Point to Point operation two Link Repeaters are optically connected to each other This configuration permits full duplex communication simultaneous transmitting and receiving half duplex communication sequential transmitting and receiving and simplex transmitting or receiving only FIGURE 8 Point to Point Configuration APPLICATION NOTE 2 1 Models CH43 and PC43 RS 232 In Point to Point operation the communication logic control software of the IEDs must manage 1 the transmission of data signals 2 the receipt of data signals 3 any handshaking required must be accomplished through software 2 1 1 Installation 1
25. l Pulse Multiply Factor 80 67 60 1 33 50 1 67 3 3 3 Temperature Effect At peak operating temperature above 65 C the maximum number of repeats should be de rated by 20 At higher temperatures the distortion caused by each repeat increases causing the maximum number of possible repeaters to go down EXAMPLE Peak temperature of the system will be 70 C Running at 9600 bps 60 of original pulse width possible initial 100 repeats from Figure 10 less 20 de rate for 70 C times 1 33 for 60 pulse width equals 100 x 0 8 x 1 33 106 repeats POWERING THE LINK REPEATER Model CH43 is designed to be powered through the connector on the backplane of the DYMEC DynaStar 3900 15 slot Chassis TYPE OF COMMUNICATION Model CH43 and Model PC43 Link Repeaters support the following types of asynchronous communications Simplex Transmission only or receive only Half Duplex Sequential transmit and receive Full Duplex Simultaneous transmit and receive Simplex Half Duplex Full Duplex Point to Point Mode jumper OFF Master Mode jumper OFF Master Slave Loop Slave Mode jumper ON 3 4 3 6 Models CH43 and PC43 RS 232 SELECTION OF FIBER OPTIC CABLE FOC Fiber optical cable is available in several formats simplex duplex and breakout FOC is also available in various diameters and tensile strengths Tensile strength is important for longer life expectancy Simplex FOC is desirab
26. le for loop operations It has one optical conductor and can be connected from the transmitter of one Link Repeater to the receiver of the next Link Repeater in the loop Duplex FOC has two optical conductors and is a convenient form when connecting two units Point to Point Breakout cable is a duplex FOC that has extra strength members added and is suitable for burial and pulling in conduit Breakout cable may be ordered with multiple pairs of fiber For extreme conditions it is also available with an armor jacket Tensile strength is important for longer life expectancy The following are the specifications of multi mode FOC offered by DYMEC DynaStar and is the recommended minimum standard for optimum performance Simplex Breakout Fiber Count Fiber Material Attenuation dB km Diameter Weight Tensile load Short Term Tensile load Long Term Minimum Bend Radius With Load Minimum Bend Radius No Load Crush Resistance Impact Resistance Flex Resistance Operating Temperature 40 to 85 Storage Temperature 55 to 85 55 to 85 METRIC TO ENGLISH UNIT CONVERSIONS MULTIPLY MULTIPLY BY BY Millimeters Inches 0 03937 Kilograms Pounds 2 2046 Centimeters Inches 0 3937 Kg Km Pounds 1 000 Ft 0 67197 Meters Feet 3 2808 Newtons Pounds 0 22481 Kilometers Feet 3280 8 N Cm Pounds inch 0 57101 Kilometers Miles 0 62137 3 5 4 4 1 4 2 Models CH43 and PC43 RS 232 TESTING AND TROUBLESHOOTING
27. n D connector or if the IED s pin out configuration differs an adapter is required DCE MODE Transmitted Data Link Input Received Data Link Output Internal Jumper Signal Common Data Set Ready 5 Vdc Output Internal Jumper ONoOoaR A UON DTE MODE Received Data Link Output Transmitted Data Link Input Internal Jumper Signal Common Data Set Ready 5 Vdc Output Internal Jumper FIGURE 2 Data Port Pin Assignments 1 4 Model CH43 RS 232 1 2 2 DTE DCE Jumper The DTE DCE Jumper on the Link Repeater changes the functions of pins 2 and 3 to accommodate the IED configuration as DTE or DCE DTE Data Terminal Equipment By RS 232 standards equipment designed as DTE transmits data out of pin 2 on a 9 pin D connector and receives data on pin 3 DCE Data Communication Equipment By RS 232 standards equipment designed as DCE transmits data out of pin 3 on a 9 pin D connector and receives data on pin 2 1 2 3 Mode Jumper The Mode jumper enables the repeater function in the ON position and disables it in the OFF position ON The repeater function available in the Link Repeater is enabled This function converts the optical signal received on the R optical port to an electrical signal and delivers this signal to the appropriate pin of the 9 pin connector it also re transmits the signal optically out the Link Repeater s T optical port OFF The repeater function available in the L
28. n faceplate of CH43 e Da33 01 31 EA Da 33 01 31 Em 0330131 LITI Normal Normal Repeat Mode Transmission Receive Selected FIGURE 7 Diagnostic LED patterns and signal paths NOTE The LEDs only illuminate when there is signal traffic and are not illuminated during signal quiet times The LEDs may flicker This is normal operation 1 2 7 Power Connections Powering Model CH43 Model CH43 is powered through a blade connector when inserted in the DYMEC DynaStar 3900 15 slot Chassis Model CH43 has an internal DC DC converter that isolates system and earth ground from signal ground on the DB9 Connector Care must be taken when cabling not to short these together as the SWC capabilities will be compromised 1 7 Model CH43 RS 232 1 2 8 Peripheral Equipment 1 2 8 1 IED An IED is any intelligent electrical device such as a computer RTU PLC smart meter relay etc that has the ability to communicate data via RS 232 The IED should have a communication port for the connection of the Link Repeater If the IED s communication port connector does not accept the Link Repeater to be plugged in directly an adapter must be made to accommodate the connection Care should be taken to assure that the correct signals are connected to each other See Figure 2 for the Link Repeater s pin signal assignments Check your IED s equipment manual for its signal assignments The IED must also have intelligent software to execute the
29. r improving this document Compared to other manufacturers of a similar product how would you rate this document Superior Comparable Inferior Don t Know Comments Comments concerning your specific application Name Title Company Address City State Zip Telephone FAX Please FAX or mail this sheet to the address listed below Attn Document Supervisor 25 Commerce Way 1 N Andover MA 01845 DYMEC DynaStar ca Y www DYMEC DynaStar com NETWORKS FOR INDUSTRY EAS
30. r traveling around an optical loop Optical Bus Configuration More than two Link Repeaters connected together in a manner where the Master s transmission is heard by all IEDs and there is no returning echo of this transmission Packet Optical Star Configuration More than two Link Repeaters connected together in a hub and spoke topology where the Master s transmission is heard by all IEDs and only the Master hears the polled Slave s response and there is no returning echo of the Masters transmissions Packet Master The Master is the IED which controls the loop in a Master Slave loop This IED is responsible for the control of the loop the polling of the Slaves for information and the prevention of data collisions All loop communication is echoed back to and stops at the Master The Master s Link Repeater mode jumper is always in the OFF position 1 1 Model CH43 RS 232 Slave A Slave is an IED that is passive in a Master Slave loop A Slave s communication is under the control of the Master and should be controlled to prevent data collision in the loop All communication generated by the Master will be repeated through each Slave and back to the Master A Slave s Link Repeater mode jumper is always in the ON position FOC Fiber Optic Cable Single mode Single mode fibers generally have diameters of 5um to 13um Because of this small core only one axial path for light propagation is available through the f
31. the receiver It is calculated on a log scale so that a 3 dB loss is equal to half of the original power 10 dB is one tenth of the original power 20 dB is one hundredth etc Many different elements in the optical circuit can induce losses to the power of the signal This attenuation must be taken into account when determining the distance that the signal can be transmitted The major factor is the attenuation of the fiber optic cable Cable attenuation is expressed as X dB per kilometer Other factors of attenuation include FOC fittings terminations splitters etc FOC diameter and FOC aging Optical budget is the result of the expression Launch Power yw Each Model CH43 or PC43 Link Repeater has a typical optical budget of 19 5 dB 3 2 1 Cable Attenuation Factors The following cable factors must be applied as corrections to the optical budget 3 2 1 1 Diameter Multi mode FOC of different diameters will vary the available optical budget of a system due to different FOC core diameters The typical 19 5 dB optical budget is applicable to 62 5 um diameter FOC Table 1 shows the correction factors to use on the available optical budget for different diameter cable Table 1 FOC Diameter Factor 3 1 Models RS 232 CH43 and PC43 3 2 1 2 Fittings Adding additional splices feed throughs or patches to the FOC will add losses to the available optical budget When using multi mode Fiber Optic Cable terminated and suppli
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