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Arbitrary Function Generator

1. USB Host port USB Device port Trigger output External trigger input Used to receive external trigger signals Trigger Input Trigger Output Marker output signal Used for Sweep and ARB mode only Fan Fan Power Input Power input 100 240V AC Socket 50 60Hz AC 100 240V 9 50 60Hz 25W MAX 16 GW INSTEK GETTING STARTED USB Host USB type A host port USB Device USB type B device port is used to Port connect the function generator to a PC for remote control Counter Input Frequency counter input MOD Input Modulation input terminal 17 GW INSTEK AFG 2225 User Manual Display Status Tabs Parameter Windows Soft Menu Keys Waveform Display Parameter The Parameter display and edit window Windows Status Tabs Displays the current channel and setting status Waveform Display Used to display the waveform Soft Menu Keys The function keys F1 F5 beside the Soft Menu keys correspond to the soft keys 18 GW INSTEK GETTING STARTED Setting Up the function Generator Background This section describes how to adjust the handle and power up the function generator Adjusting the Pull out the handle Handle sideways and rotate it Place the AFG 2225 hor
2. 3 Use the arrow keys and scroll wheel or number pad to enter the frequency OOO 000 PP 4 Choose a frequency unit by pressing F1 F5 G Cs Range Sine wave 1uHz 25MHz Square wave luHz 25MHz Pulse wave 500uHz 25MHz 60 Ramp wave luHz 1MHz AMPL 3 000 Vpr AMPL 3 000 Ver P 1 000000000 kHz 61 GW INSTEK AFG 2225 Series User Manual Setting the Amplitude Panel Operation 1 Press the AMPL key 2 The AMPL parameter will become highlighted in the parameter window 3 Use the arrow keys and scroll wheel or number pad to enter the amplitude OO 006 FS 4 Choose a unit type by C VPP pressing F1 F5 CO C 50Q load High Z Range ImVpp l0Vpp 2mVpp 20Vpp Unit Vpp Vrms dBm FREQ 1 000000 kHz FREQ 1 000000 kite MPL 3 VPP FEN 62 GW INSTEK APPENDIX Setting the DC Offset Panel Operation 1 Press the DC Offset key 2 The DC Offset parameter will become highlighted in the parameter window 3 Use the arrow keys and scroll wheel or number pad to enter the DC Offset OOO OG 4 Press F1 mVDC or F2 VDC to choose a voltage range rad Cm GT ED 50Q load High Z Range 5Vpk 10Vpk Y le 1 FREO gt Y n 1 FREO P 0 00Voc 63 GW INSTEK AFG 2225 Series User Manual M oDULATION The AFG 2225 Series Arbitrary Function Generators are able to produce AM FM FSK PM and SUM modulated waveforms Dependin
3. ssssssessesesssesssseerrereesssssststerrsesssseseesee Frequency Counter sugsnsnsmusssnsdensrensininndtsidansksee COU Pl RE EE Frequency Coupling rerasrsrsnssonenaransersrsneneranansersrsnssevevsvassensn Amplitude Coupling arsina innnan uneen GW INSTEK Menu Tree 22 AFG 2225 User Manual Waveform ARB Display ARB Edittsvcscccexsssascessezsevaseasessespassescaazaaceeniatievariasbaastaraveseneaaas ARB Built Ii eseina a n E R T RNT ARB Save ii ARB Load meeemeememememeesssvessvessserssvesserssvesee ARB OUtPUE ssrds iesnu irisi MOD SWEEP More Burst N Cycle Burst Gate rornnnrrrrrererenne GW INSTEK QUICK REFERENCE How to use the Digital Inputs Background The AFG 2225 has three main types of digital inputs the number pad arrow keys and scroll wheel The following instructions will show you how to use the digital inputs to edit parameters 1 To select a menu item press the corresponding a GE function keys below Square F2 F1 F5 For example e s the function key F1 c corresponds to the Crs Soft key Sine i ca 2 To edit a digital value use the arrow keys to move the cursor to the digit that needs to be edited FREQ 1 000000 kHz FREQ 1 000000 kHz 3 Use the scroll wheel to edit the parameter Clockwise increases the value counter clockwise decreases the value 23 GW INSTEK AFG 2225 Series User Manual 4 Alt
4. Common Math Window Engineer Select GW INSTEK APPENDIX ARB Save Length Enter Enter Select Select New Folder Enter Char Back Space Save Enter Char Back Space Save ARB Load Clear Enter 47 GW INSTEK AFG 2225 Series User Manual ARB Output Length Clear Clear Enter Enter MOD Int Int Int Int Int EXT EXT EXT EXT EXT Depth Freq Dev Hop Freq Phase Dev SUM Ampl uHz uHz Degree AM Freq ar ME PM Freq SUM Freq mHz kHz kHz mHz mHz Hz MHz MHz Hz Hz kHz kHz kHz Se ape mHz mHz ape ape Sine Hz Hz Sine Sine Square kHz kHz Square Square Triangle MHz Triangle Triangle UpRamp Shape UpRamp UpRamp DnRamp Sine DnRamp DnRamp Square Triangle UpRamp DnRamp GW INSTEK APPENDIX SWEEP om Int Linear Go to the EXT Log Sweep More menu Manual Trigger SWEEP More 49 GW INSTEK AFG 2225 Series User Manual Burst N Cycle TRIG Setup Clear uSEC Degree mSEC SEC Rise Fall Manual Trigger nSEC uSEC mSEC SEC Rise Fall ON OFF Burst Gate Polariy Pos Clear Neg Degree 50 GW INSTEK APPENDIX UTIL Dual Chan Sel Test Freq Gp Done Software English Off 0 01 Sec He Offset 0 1 Sec Version Gens Upgrade Help Ratio Hod Select Ampl Cpl Delete on Done deep On n Delete All O
5. Range Carrier Waveform Carrier Frequency Sine wave 1uHz 25MH Square wave luHz 25MHz Pulse wave 500uHz 25MHz Ramp wave luHz 1MHz Default frequency 1 kHz 102 GW INSTEK APPENDIX SUM Waveform The function generator can accept internal and external sources The AFG 2225 includes sine square triangle UpRamp and DnRamp as internal sources The default waveform is sine Panel Operation 1 Press the MOD key mon 2 Press F5 SUM 3 Press F4 Shape ra 4 Press F1 F5 to select the source waveform Can C Cr Cs 5 Press Return to return to the Return previous menu Range Square wave 50 Duty cycle Up ramp 100 Symmetry Triangle 50 Symmetry Down ramp 0 Symmetry 103 GW INSTEK AFG 2225 Series User Manual Modulating Waveform Frequency The frequency of the modulating waveform SUM Frequency can be set from 2mHz to 20kHz Panel Operation 1 Press the MOD key mon 2 Press F5 SUM 3 Press F3 SUM Freq Cs 4 The SUM Freg parameter will become highlighted in the waveform display area Y Di 1 FREO gt 5 Use the arrow keys and scroll wheel or number pad to enter the SUM frequency OO 000 SS 6 Press F1 F3 to select the a frequency units CD C Range Modulating range 2mHz 20kHz Default frequency 100Hz 104 GW INSTEK APPENDIX SUM Amplitude The SUM amplitude is the offset in percent relative t
6. blue Save Recall ARB Properties e Rate e Display vertical e Frequency e Output Start e Length e Output length e Display horizontal Setting Functions AM e Waveform e Source e Frequency e Shape e Pulse Width e Depth e Square wave Duty e AM frequency e Ramp Symmetry FM e Amplitude e Source e Amplitude unit e Shape 132 e Offset e Modulation type e Beep setting e Impedance e Main output Sweep e Source e Type e Marker e Deviation e FM frequency FSK e Source e Shape e Rate e Hop frequency PM e Source GW INSTEK APPENDIX e Time e Shape e Start frequency e Phase deviation e Stop frequency e Frequency e Center frequency e Burst Type e Span frequency e Source e Marker frequency e Trigger out e Type e Cycles e Phase e Period e Delay Panel Operation 1 Press the UTIL key 2 Press F1 Memory C Fi 3 Use the scroll wheel to highlight a memory file h 7 number KE Recall same Delete Delete All 133 GW INSTEK AFG 2225 Series User Manual Choose a file operation Press F1 to store a file press F1 D F2 to recall a file or press F3 EAE F2 0 to delete a file Y J Crs Use the scroll wheel to highlight the data type ARB Setting or ARB Setting 6 Press F5 Done to choose the q F5 data type Range Memory file Memory0 Memory9 Data type ARB Setting ARB Setting ii 7 Press F5 Done to confirm Cs the
7. CHT arr soa CH2 FS Fay FREQ 10 0000 kHz FREQ 1 000000 kHz sad a Next Page Back Page Pee 158 GW INSTEK APPENDIX Editing an Arbitrary Wavefrom Adding a Point to an Arbitrary Waveform Background The AFG 2225 has a powerful editing function that allows you to create points or lines anywhere on the waveform Panel Operation 1 Press the ARB key ARB 2 Press F2 Edit Cr 3 Press F1 Point Cr 4 Press F1 Address A 5 The Address parameter becomes highlighted 6 Use the arrow keys and scroll wheel or number pad to enter O the Address value OOO i 7 Press F2 Enter to save the Cr settings 8 Press Return to return to the previous menu 9 Press F2 Data EY 159 GW INSTEK AFG 2225 Series User Manual 10 The Data parameter will become highlighted 11 Use the selector keys and OOO scroll wheel or number pad to enter a Data value OOO n 12 Press F2 Enter to save the Fa settings N 13 Press Return to return to the Return previous menu 14 Press return again to go back Return to the ARB menu In the following figure the edited address is shown in red Address 100 Data 200 Adding a Line to an Arbitrary Waveform Background The AFG 2225 has a powerful editing function that allows you to create points or lines anywhere on the waveform 160 GW INSTEK APPENDIX
8. Return Parameter ON ON OFF OFF INV INVerted Example SOURce1 TRACk ON Channel tracking is turned on 270 GW INSTEK APPENDIX Save and Recall Commands Up to 10 different instrument states can be stored to non volatile memory memory locations 0 9 Instrument SAV Command Description Saves the current instrument state to a specified save slot When a state is saved all the current instrument settings functions and waveforms are also saved Note The SAV command doesn t save waveforms in non volatile memory only the instrument state The RST command will not delete saved instrument states from memory Syntax SAV 10 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Example SAV 0 Save the instrument state to memory location 0 Instrument RCL Command Description Recall previously saved instrument states from memory locations 0 9 Syntax RCL 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Example RCLO Recall instrument state from memory location 0 Instrument MEMory STATe DELete Command Description Delete memory from a specified memory location Syntax MEMory STATe DELete 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 3 9 Example MEM STAT DEL 0 271 GW INSTEK AFG 2225 Series User Manual Delete instrument state ARB Setting from memory location 0 Instrument MEMory STATe DELete ALL Command Description Delete memory from all memory locations 0 9 Syntax MEMory STATe DELete ALL Example MEM STAT DEL ALL Deletes all the in
9. Gauspuls Havercosine Haversin N_pulse Negramp 294 Odd f x sin nx 2 n sin x 2 x pi t3pi gt f x a e x b 2 c 2 Gaussian modulated sinusoidal pulse y 1 sin x 2 The havercosine function y 1 cos 9 2 The haversine function Negative pulse yx Line segment GY INSTEK APPENDIX Rectpuls Sampled aperiodic rectangle Roundhalf y sqrt 1 x 2 The half roud Sawtoot Sawtooth or triangle wave Sinetra Piecewise function Sinever Piecewise function Stair down Step down 295 GW INSTEK AFG 2225 Series User Manual Stair_ud Step up and step down Stair_up Step up Stepresp Heaviside step function Traperia Piecewise function Tripuls Sampled aperiodic triangle 296 GW INSTEK APPENDIX Math Arccos Arccot Arccsc Arcsec Arcsin Arcsinh The basic trigonometric function The basic trigonometric function The basic trigonometric function The basic trigonometric function The basic trigonometric function The basic trigonometric function 297 GW INSTEK AFG 2225 Series User Manual Arctan Arctanh Cosh Cot Csc Dlorentz 298 The basic trigonometric function The basic trigonometric function The basic trigonometric function The basic trigonometric function The basic trigonometric function The derivative of the lorentz function y 2x K x 2 1 GW INSTEK APPENDIX Expofall The exponential decay Exporise The ex
10. Panel Operation 1 Press the ARB key are 2 Press F2 Edit ect IG F2 3 Press F2 Line 2 4 Press F1 Start ADD Cr 5 The Start Address parameter will be highlighted in red p Done 6 Use the arrowkeys keysand scroll wheel or number pad to enter the start address O OoO 000 Se 7 Press F2 Enter to save the Ea Fa settings 8 Press Return to return to the G Return previous menu 9 Repeat steps 4 8 for Start Data F2 Stop Address F3 and Stop Data F4 10 Press F5 Done to confirm bore VG F5 the line edit 11 Press Return to return to the Retu previous menu 161 GW INSTEK AFG 2225 Series User Manual The red line was created below with the following properties Start Address 0 Start Data 0 Stop Address 32 Stop Data 0 CH1 orr soa CH2 OFF Og FREQ 10 0000 kHz FREQ 1 000000 kHz EE AMPL 3 000 Vepi AMPL 3 000 VP Copy a Waveform Panel Operation 1 Press the ARB key i 2 Press F2 Edit MC 3 Press F3 Copy gt e F3 Fs 4 Press F1 Start F D 5 The Copy From properties will become highlighted in red GW INSTEK APPENDIX 6 The the arrow keys and scroll wheel or number pad to enter the Copy From address OO 7 Press F2 Enter to save the F2 D settings JO 8 Press Return to return to the return previous menu 9 Repeat steps 4 8 for Length F2 and Pas
11. and select PM F4 Input N A 3 Press the Freq Rate Mi OM Ea key followed by 8 0 Hz F3 4 Press the MOD key Co EB select PM F4 Shape kw F4 Sine F1 E 5 Press MOD then PM oo Co EG F4 PM Freq F3 6 Press 1 5 kHz F3 7 Press MOD PM F4 mop PM PM Dev duse EEE 8 Press 5 0 Degree Degree ree pres oom 9 Press MOD PM F mo PM Source Source F1 a a 32 Deer 10 Press the Output key SUM Modulation Example SUM modulation 100Hz modulating square wave 1kHz sinusoidal carrier wave 50 SUM amplitude internal source Ona 1 Press the MOD key Co ED En then SUM F5 2 Press Waveform and aveto rovero STEN select Sine F1 Input N A 3 Press Freq Rate Freres followed by 1 kHz F4 4 Press the MOD key Shape e SUM F5 Shape F4 C tal aii Square F2 5 Press the MOD key Co Dua and select SUM F5 SUM Freq F3 6 Press 1 0 0 Hz OM F2 7 Press the MOD key Co EL som u and select SUM F5 SUM Ampl F2 8 Press5 0 F1 33 GW INSTEK AFG 2225 Series User Manual 9 Press MOD SUM woo SUM Source F5 Source F1 INT F1 10 Press the Output key Sweep Example Frequency Sweep Start Frequency 10mHz Stop frequency 1MHz Log sweep 1 second sweep Marker Frequency 550 Hz Manual Trigger 1 Press Sweep Start on F3 2 Press1
12. 138 Suffix not allowed Returns an error string IDN System Query Description Returns the function generator manufacturer model number serial number and firmware version number in the following format GW INSTEK AFG 2225 SN XXXXXXXX Vm mm Query Syntax IDN Return parameter lt string gt Example IDN GW INSTEK AFG 2225 SN XXXXXXXX Vm mm Returns the identification of the function generator 193 GW INSTEK AFG 2225 Series User Manual RST System Command Description Reset the function generator to its factory default state Note Note the RST command will not delete instrument save states in memory Syntax RST SYSTem VERSion System Query Description Performs a system version query Returns a string with the instrument firmware version FPGA revision Query Syntax SYSTem VERSion Return parameter lt string gt Example SYST VERS AFG 2225 VX XXX_XXXX Returns the year and version for that year 1 OPC System Command Description This command sets the Operation Complete Bit bit 0 of the Standard Event Status Register after the function generator has completed all pending operations For the AFG 2225 the OPC command is used to indicate when a sweep or burst has completed Note Before the OPC bit is set other commands may be executed Syntax OPC GW INSTEK APPENDIX OPC System Query Description Returns the OPC bit to the output
13. 2 BURSt NCYCIes 34000 124 Too many digits The mantissa excluding leading 0 s contains more than 255 digits 128 Numeric data not allowed An unexpected numeric character was received in the command Example a numeric parameter is used instead of a character string SOURce1 BURSt MODE B 131 Invalid suffix An invalid suffix was used Example An unknown or incorrect suffix may have been used with a parameter SOURce1 SWEep TIME 0 5 SEG 138 Suffix not allowed A suffix was used where none were expected Example Using a suffix when not allowed SOURce1 BURSt NCYCles 12 G E 148 Character data not allowed A parameter was used in the command where not allowed Example A discrete parameter was used where a numeric parameter was expected SOUR1 MARK FREQ GN 274 GY INSTEK APPENDIX 158 String data not allowed An unexpected character string was used where none were expected Example A character string is used instead of a valid parameter SOURce1 SWEep SPACing MEN 161 Invalid block data Invalid block data was received Example The number of bytes sent with the SOUReef 1 2 DATA DAC command doesn t correlate to the number of bytes specified in the block header 168 Block data not allowed Block data was received where block data is not allowed Example SOURce1 BURSt NCYCles 0 170 178 expression errors Example The mathematical expression used was not valid Execution Errors 211 Settin
14. 278 GW INSTEK APPENDIX Query Errors 410 Query INTERRUPTED Indicates that a command was received but the data in the output buffer from a previous command was lost 420 Query UNTERMINATED The function generator is ready to return data however there was no data in the output buffer For example Using the APPLy command 430 Query DEADLOCKED Indicates that a command generates more data than the output buffer can receive and the input buffer is full The command will finish execution though all the data won t be kept Arbitrary Waveform Errors 770 Nonvolatile arb waveform memory corruption detected Indicates that a fault check sum error has occurred with the non volatile memory that stores the arbitrary waveform data 781 Not enough memory to store new arb waveform bad sectors Indicates that a fault bad sectors has occurred with the non volatile memory that stores the arbitrary waveform data Resulting in not enough memory to store arbitrary data 787 Not able to delete the currently selected active arb waveform Example The currently selected waveform is being output and cannot be deleted 279 GW INSTEK AFG 2225 Series User Manual 800 Block length must be even Example As block data SOURecef 1 2 DATA DAC VOLATILE uses two bytes to store each data point there must be an even number or bytes for a data block 280 GW INSTEK APPENDIX SCPI Statu
15. AMPI and DCOffs commands can be used to create a carrier waveform with a designated frequency amplitude and offset Select an internal or external modulation source using the SOURce 1 2 PM SOUR command Use the SOURce 1 2 PM INT FUNC command to select a sine square upramp dnramp or triangle modulating waveshape For internal sources only Set the modulating frequency using the SOUReef 1 2 PM INT FREQ command For internal sources only Use the SOURce 1 2 PM DEV command to set the phase DEViation GW INSTEK APPENDIX Source Specific SOURce 1 2 PM STATe Command Description Turns PM Modulation on or off By default PM modulation is off Note Burst or sweep mode will be disabled if PM modulation is enabled As only one modulation is allowed at any one time other modulation modes will be disabled when PM modulation is enabled Syntax SOURce 1 2 PM STATe OFF ON Example SOURT PM STAT ON Enables PM modulation Query Syntax SOURce 1 2 PM STATe Return Parameter 0 Disabled OFF 1 Enabled ON Example SOURT PM STAT 1 PM modulation is currently enabled Source Specific SOURcef 1 2 PM SOURce Command Description Sets or queries the PM source as internal or external Internal is the default source Note If an external PM source is selected the phase modulation is controlled by the MOD INPUT terminal on the rear panel Syntax SOURce 1 2 PM SOURce INTernal
16. Ramp Wave Example Ramp Wave 5Vpp 10kHz 50 Symmetry 1 Press the Waveform key and select Ramp F4 2 Press SYM F1 5 0 F2 Input N A 3 Press the Freq Rate key then 1 0 kHz F4 27 GW INSTEK AFG 2225 Series User Manual 4 Press the AMPL key then 5 VPP F5 5 Press the Output key Sine Wave Example Sine Wave 10Vpp 100kHz Output 1 Press the Waveform fj key and select Sine F1 2 Press the Freq Rate freama kHz Input N A key followed by 1 0 0 kHz F4 3 Press the AMPL key followed by 1 0 VPP F5 4 Press the output key 28 GW INSTEK Modulation AM APPENDIX Example AM modulation 100Hz modulating square wave 1kHz Sine wave carrier 80 modulation depth Output 1 Input N A 3 Press the MOD key mon and select AM F1 Press Waveform and select Sine F1 Press the Freq Rate key followed by 1 kHz F4 Press the MOD key on KER select AM F1 Shape F4 Square F2 Press the MOD key select AM F1 AM Freq F3 Press 1 0 0 Hz F2 Press the MOD n select AM F1 De F2 Press 8 0 F1 Press MOD AM F1 m Source F1 INT F1 Pr INT 29 GW INSTEK AFG 2225 Series User Manual 10 Press the output key FM Example FM modulation 100Hz modulating square wave 1kHz Sine wave carrier 100 Hz f
17. Turns burst mode on Query Syntax SOURce 2 BURSt STATe Return Parameter 0 Disabled 1 Enabled Example SOURT BURS STAT 0 Burst mode is off Source Specific SOURce 1 2 BURSt MODE Command Description Sets or queries the burst mode as gated or triggered The default burst mode is triggered Note The burst count period trigger source and any manual trigger commands are ignored in gated burst mode Syntax SOURce 1 2 BURSt MODE TRIGgered GATed Example SOURT BURS MODE TRIG Sets the burst mode to triggered Query Syntax SOURcef 1 2 BURSt MODE Return Parameter TRIG Triggered mode GAT Gated mode 251 GW INSTEK AFG 2225 Series User Manual Example SOUR1 BURS MODE TRIG The current burst mode is triggered Source Specific SOURce 1 2 BURSt NCYCles Command Description Sets or queries the number of cycles burst count in triggered burst mode The default number of cycles is 1 The burst count is ignored in gated mode Note If the trigger source is set to immediate the product of the burst period and waveform frequency must be greater than the burst count Burst Period X Waveform frequency gt burst count If the burst count is too large the burst period will automatically be increased and a Settings conflict error will be generated Only sine and square waves are allowed infinite burst above 15 MHz Syntax SOURce 1 2 BURSt NCYCles lt cycles g
18. C Range FSK Rate 2mHz 100kHz Default 10Hz Note If an external source is selected FSK Rate settings are ignored 89 GW INSTEK AFG 2225 Series User Manual FSK Source The AFG 2225 accepts internal and external FSK sources with internal as the default source When the FSK source is set to internal the FSK rate is configured using the FSK Rate function When an external source is selected the FSK rate is equal to the frequency of the Trigger INPUT signal on the rear panel Panel Operation 1 Press the MOD key mon 2 Press F3 FSK FSK Cs 3 Press F1 Source source Ga 4 Press F1 Internal or F2 ds External to select the FSK Cr ER source gt 5 Press Return to return to the Return previous menu Note Note that the Trigger INPUT terminal cannot configure edge polarity Yh 1 FREO P 90 GW INSTEK APPENDIX Phase Modulation PM The phase deviation of the carrier waveform deviates from a reference phase value in proportion to changes in the modulating waveform Only one mode of modulation can be enabled at any one time If PM is enabled any other modulation mode will be disabled Likewise burst and sweep modes cannot be used with PM and will be disabled when PM is enabled rv 999 029Hz 91 GW INSTEK AFG 2225 Series User Manual Selecting Phase Modulation
19. MINimum MAXimum Return Parameter lt NRf gt Delay in seconds Example SOURT BURS TRIG DEL 1 0000E 01 The trigger delay is 10 seconds Source Specific SOURce 1 2 BURSt TRIGger SLOPe Command Description Sets or queries the trigger edge for externally triggered bursts from the Trigger INPUT terminal on the rear panel By default the trigger is rising edge Positive Syntax SOURcef 1 2 BURSt TRIGger SLOPe POSitive NEGative Parameter POSitive rising edge NEGative falling edge Example SOURT BURS TRIG SLOP NEG Sets the trigger slope to negative Query Syntax SOURce 1 2 BURSt TRIGger SLOPe Return Parameter POS rising edge NEG falling edge Example SOURT BURS TRIG SLOP NEG The trigger slope is negative 256 GW INSTEK APPENDIX Source Specific SOURce 1 2 BURSt TRIGger MANual Command Description This command is used to manually trigger a burst waveform when the source trigger is set to manual for the selected channel This command is the equivalent of pressing the trigger soft key on the front panel for manual triggering Syntax SOURce 2 BURSt TRIGger MANual Example SOURT BURS TRIG MAN Manually triggers the burst waveform Source Specific SOURce 1 2 BURSt GATE POLarity Command Description In gated mode the function generator will output a waveform continuously while the external trigger receives logically true signal from the Trigger INPUT term
20. Return Parameter lt NR3 gt Returns the frequency in Hz Example SOURT PM INT FREQ MAX 2 0000E 04 Returns the modulating frequency 20kHz Source Specific SOURce 1 2 PM DEViation Command Description Sets or queries the phase deviation of the modulating waveform from the carrier waveform The default phase deviation is 180 Note For external sources the phase deviation is controlled by the 5V MOD Input terminal on the rear panel If the phase deviation is set to 180 degrees then 5V represents a deviation of 180 degrees A lower input voltage will decrease the set phase deviation Syntax SOURce 1 2 PM DEViation lt phase gt minimum maximum Parameter lt percent gt 0 360 Example SOURT PM DEViation 3 0000E 01 Sets the deviation to 30 Query Syntax SOURcef 1 2J PM DEViation Return Parameter lt NR3 gt Returns the deviation Example SOUR1 PM DEViation 3 0000E 01 The current deviation is 30 235 GW INSTEK AFG 2225 Series User Manual SUM Modulation SUM Commands SUM Overview The following is an overview of the steps required to generate a SUM modulated waveform Enable SUM 1 Modulation Configure Carrier 2 Select 3 Modulation Source 4 Select Shape 5 Select Modulating Frequency 6 Set AMPL 236 Turn on SUM modulation using the SOUReef 1 2 SUM STATe ON command Use the APPLy command to select a carrier waveform Alternatively
21. Status Register Commands rossonnenasnnnnnnnnenuusnnvannnnnsennene 196 System Remote Commands cusses sescissswcasccccveassrncneavvarcveasons 199 Apply Command S eee ER 200 Output CommandS sav4vvvvarrs see 206 Pulse Configuration CommandS ssssserserrrrrrrrrrrrerrren 216 Amplitude Modulation AM Commands eee 218 AM Overvien nresoiesenieii n e a E EE 218 Frequency Modulation FM Commands ceeeseeeeeeees 223 PMNOVERVIEWositessadessenctane ced R EEE ESA EEE 223 Frequency Shift Keying FSK Commands eee 228 FSK OVERVIEW wasstcssstevedsctiesauesocecsasetonpasdvedcttenes dippi iieis 228 Phase Modulation PM Commands ssassn 232 PM OVEN ie Wissesre id iee ertene ek eR EREN RENTES 232 GW INSTEK Table of Contents SUM Modulation SUM Commands cece 236 SUM Overview masse exetediceies fds ven deen sete saesespeenieedeadseaee ne 236 Frequency Sweep Command rrrnnnnnnrrvnnnnnnvervennenerrnnnevene 240 SWEEP OVERVIEW erosoenean nE E AEN E aaa 240 Burst Mode Commands u rransvresireersesnenepaonssaet brdssntne 249 Burst Mode OvernemLunnsenrptusmri nuenv kn 249 Arbitrary Waveform Commands ssseseeececeeeeneeeeeeees 260 Arbitrary Waveform Overview cccceeeseeeeeecececeeneeeeeeees 260 COUNT ER susen ean 266 PHASE av ccaiaceunsvcaety os slemme madeuevehweneey stevne edueees 267 COUPLE oiaren nanea e a E E R o e 268 Save and Recall CommandsLunsnsanaeosonmeijidmete 271 Error Messages onori E E E EN SE RE
22. the FUNC FREQ AMPI and DCOffs commands can be used to create a carrier waveform with a designated frequency amplitude and offset Select an internal or external modulation source using the SOURce 1 2 SUM SOUR command Use the SOURce 1 2 SUM INT FUNC command to select a sine square upramp dnramp or triangle modulating waveshape For internal sources only Set the modulating frequency using the SOURce 1 2 SUM INT FREQ command For internal sources only Use the SOURce 1 2 SUM AMPL command to set the modulating amplitude GW INSTEK APPENDIX Source Specific SOURce 1 2 SUM STATe Command Description Turns SUM Modulation on or off By default SUM modulation is off Note Burst or sweep mode will be disabled if SUM modulation is enabled As only one modulation is allowed at any one time other modulation modes will be disabled when SUM modulation is enabled Syntax SOURece 1 2 SUM STATe OFF ON Example SOURT SUM STAT ON Enables SUM modulation Query Syntax SOURce 1 2 SUM STATe Return Parameter 0 Disabled OFF 1 Enabled ON Example SOURT SUM STAT ON SUM modulation is currently enabled Source Specific SOURce 1 2 SUM SOURce Command Description Sets or queries the SUM source as internal or external Internal is the default source Note If an external SUM source is selected the amplitude is controlled by the MOD INPUT terminal on the rear panel Syntax SOU
23. 0 100 000 Hz Use the arrow keys and scroll wheel or number pad to enter the AM frequency OOO 000 PP Press F1 F3 to select the ud kHz frequency range CG Cs Range Modulation frequency 2mHz 20kHz Default frequency 100Hz 71 GW INSTEK AFG 2225 Series User Manual Modulation Depth Modulation depth is the ratio as a percentage of the unmodulated carrier amplitude and the minimum amplitude deviation of the modulated waveform In other words modulation depth is the maximum amplitude of the modulated waveform compared to the carrier waveform as a percentage Panel Operation 1 Press the MOD key mon 2 Press F1 AM GE 3 Press F2 Depth Cz 4 The AM Depth parameter will become highlighted in the waveform display area Source INT Shape Sine 5 Use the arrow keys and scroll wheel or number pad to enter the AM depth OO 000 6 Press F1 to choose E F1 units 72 GW INSTEK APPENDIX Range Depth 0 120 Default depth 100 Note When the modulation depth is greater than 100 the output cannot exceed 5VPeak 10kQ load If an external modulation source is selected modulation depth is limited to 5V from the MOD INPUT terminal on the rear panel For example if the modulation depth is set to 100 then the maximum amplitude is 5V and the minimum amplitude is 5V Selecting the AM Modulation Source The
24. 0 mHz F2 3 Press Sweep Stop sweep SG Pres Input N A 4 Press 1 MHz F5 5 Press Sweep Type Sweep E EN F2 Log F2 6 Press Sweep More Swee More IISWP Time F5 SWP Time F1 Cor e ais 7 Press 1 SEC F2 8 Press Sweep More F5 Marker F4 ON OFF F2 Freq F1 34 GW INSTEK APPENDIX 9 Press5 5 0 Hz F3 10 Press the Output key 11 Press Sweep Source sweep Source Mano F1 Manual F3 Trigger F1 Burst Example Burst Mode N Cycle Internally triggered 1kHz burst frequency Burst count 5 10 ms Burst period 0 burst phase Internal trigger 10 us delay rising edge trigger out Output 1 Press FREQ Rate 1 kHz F4 2 Press Burst N Cycle aust F1 Cycles F1 Input N A 3 Press 5 Cyc F2 4 Press Burst N Cycle Burst F1 Period F4 5 Press 1 0 msec F2 6 Press Burst N Cycle Bus NOyce Phase F1 Phase F3 7 Press 0 Degree F2 8 Press Burst N Cycle GP F1 TRIG set F5 INT F1 35 GW INSTEK AFG 2225 Series User Manual Me Burst N Cycle Gust N Cycle jf TRIG set F1 TRIG set F5 Delay F4 10 Press 1 0 uSEC F2 11 Press Burst N Cycle ra F1 TRIG set F5 TRIG out F5 MG EG ON OFF F3 Rise FL 12 Press the Output key 36 GW INSTEK APPENDIX ARB ARB Add Built In Wave
25. 273 SCPI Status REGIStEM crore a rE EAR 281 APPENDIX sn covtancinsndianndesensaiiawcanereonnensnononnes 287 AFG 2225 Specificatii S resserrer reei ee a eeni 287 EC Declaration of Conformity esesssssssssrsssrsrererersrerererers 292 INDEX wens nicest eer 305 GW INSTEK AFG 2225 User Manual SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS This chapter contains important safety instructions that should be followed when operating and storing the function generator Read the following before any operation to ensure your safety and to keep the function generator in the best condition Safety Symbols These safety symbols may appear in this manual or on the instrument A Warning Identifies conditions or practices that WARNING could result in injury or loss of life AN Caution Identifies conditions or practices that CAUTION could result in damage to the function generator or to other objects or property DANGER High Voltage Attention Refer to the Manual Protective Conductor Terminal Earth Ground Terminal DANGER Hot Surface Pik OF PE a GW INSTEK SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS Double Insulated municipal waste Please use a separate collection facility or contact the supplier from which this instrument was purchased pi Do not dispose electronic equipment as unsorted mn Safety Guidelines General e Do not place heavy objects on the instrument Guideline Do not place flammable objects on the AN instrume
26. 4096 Ouput Arbitrary Waveform Panel Operation 1 Press the ARB key ARB 2 Press F4 Output Cr 3 Press F1 Start CG 4 The Start property will become highlighted in red 5 Use the arrow keys and scroll O wheel or number pad to enter the Start address OO 6 Press F2 Enter to confirm Ga the start point 7 Press Return to return to the C Return previous menu i 8 Repeat steps 4 7 for Length 2 F2 9 Press Return to return to the Return previous menu 169 GW INSTEK AFG 2225 Series User Manual The front panel terminal will output the following waveform Start 0 Length 500 CHI on son ear FREQ 1 000000 kHz FREQ 40 0000 Hz TES ED ARB Marker Output When turning on the ARB functionality whether the ARB waveform is being output or not there is a pulse from the Trigger OUT port The pulse time is 1 RATE 170 GW INSTEK APPENDIX Saving Loading an Arbitrary Waveform The AFG 2225 can save and load arbitrary waveforms from 10 internal memory slots Arbitrary waveforms can also be saved and loaded from a USB memory stick Saving a Waveform to Internal Memory Panel Operation 1 Press the ARB key 2 Press F5 More 5 3 Press F1 Save CG 4 Press F1 Start Cr 5 The Start property will become highlighted in red wheel or number pad to enter the Start address OOO 7 Press F2 Enter to confirm EG KG
27. DELete ALL snee SOURCce 1 2 ARB EDIT POINt eee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeees SOURce 1 2 ARB EDIT LINE SOURce 1 2 ARB EDIT PROTect SOURce 1 2 ARB EDIT PROTect ALL SOURCce 1 2 ARB EDIT UN Protect cece SOURce 1 2J ARB OUTPUut mvnvnnnnrnrnrnvrvrnererererrrvrveverevrvrernne COUNTER STATE sirisser EER EERE COUNter GATe COUNter VALue SOURCEfT 2 PHASE ssssssssssssssssssssssssssessseesessssesssssssssnsees SOURce 1 2 PHASe SYNChronize SOURce 1 2 PHASe SYNChronize snnnnernrnrvronevrvnnnrvnenne SOURce1 PHASe SYNChroniZe seer SOURcef1 2 FREQuency COUPle MODE sses SOURce 1 2 FREQuency COUPIle OF FSet cesses SOURce 1 2 FREQuency COUPIe RATIO sosesc SOURce 1 2 AMPlitude COUPle STATe SOURce l 2J TRACK v sssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssessesssseee Save and Recall Commands ararnvnnnnnnnnanannnnnnvnvnnnnnnenenennnn GW INSTEK 192 AFG 2225 Series User Manual RU EE EE 271 MEMory STATe DELete nnnnvervvervverrverererervererrrverssereneer 271 MEMory STATe DELete ALL n nsnsnsvnrervrrervrrerrrserervereserenser 272 GW INSTEK APPENDIX System Commands SYSTem ERRor System Query Description Reads an error from the error queue See page 286 for details regarding the error queue Query Syntax SYSTem ERRor Return parameter lt string gt Returns an error string lt 256 ASCII characters Example SYSTem ERRor
28. PM When selecting PM the current setting of the carrier frequency the amplitude modulation frequency output and offset voltage must be considered Panel Operation 1 Press the MOD key 2 Press F4 PM Type PM Source INT Shape Sine Phase Dev 180 0 Offset Y 1 FREG Pp 92 GW INSTEK APPENDIX PM Carrier Waveform Background PM uses a sine wave as default Noise and Pulse waveform cannot be used with phase modulation Panel Operation 1 Press the Waveform key 2 Press F1 F4 to select the EB waveform Range Carrier Waveform Sine wave Square wave ramp wave PM Carrier Frequency Selects the maxium carrier frequency for the carrier wavefrom The default carrier frequency is 1kHz Panel Operation 1 Press the FREQ Rate key to select the carrier frequency 2 The FREQ parameter will become highlighted in the parameter window 3 Use the arrow keys and scroll wheel or number pad to enter the carrier frequency OOO 93 GW INSTEK AFG 2225 Series User Manual 4 Press F1 F5 to select the Ka frequency unit Range Carrier Wave Carrier Sine wave TuHz 25MH Square wave luHz 15MHz Ramp wave luHz 1MHz Default frequency 1 kHz PM Wave Shape The function generator can accept internal or external sources The internal sources can include sine square triangle up ramp and down ramp The default wave shape is sine Panel O
29. STOP SOURce 1 2 FREQuency CENTer SOURce 1 2 FREQuency SPAN noses SOURCe 1 2 SWEep SPACing ce eeeeeeseeeecetceeeseeeeneeeenees SOURce 1 2 SWEep TIME SOURce 1 2 SWEep SOURce SOURce 1 2 MARKer FREQuency SOURce 1 2 MARKer oo eeeeecseeeesceeescecesceeeeeseeeesceeeaceeenens 190 GW INSTEK APPENDIX Burst Mode Commands rarnnnnnnnnanunnnnnnvnnnnnnnnanennnnnnennnnnnene Burst Mode Overview csssssessecssosecesessssssessesscsesesssseeseees SOURCe 1 2 BURSt STAT Co eeeeeesceeeseeeesceeeseeeeeeaeeeeaeeeens SOURce 1 2 BURSt MODE rornonrrrrvrvrvrvereversvevervenerersvrvenee SOURce 1 2 BURSt NCYCles wo SOURce 1 2 BURSt INTernal PERiod SOURce 1 2 BURSt PHASe eee SOURce 1 2 BURSt TRIGger SOURce SOURce 1 2 BURSt TRIGger DELay cece SOURce 1 2 BURSt TRIGger SLOPe SOURce 1 2 BURSt TRIGger MANual SOURce 1 2 BURSt GATE POLarity 0 0 cece eeeeereeeeee SOURce 1 2 BURSt OUTPut TRIGger SLOPe OUTPut 1 2 TRIGger ccscccssessacensssescsessenecessesbesenseeveseoseses Arbitrary Waveform Commands sseeeeecececeeeeneeeeees COUPLE Arbitrary Waveform Overview smservvevrvrvvvvrvrvrvrvrrrnenenenesnne SOURce 1 2 FUNCtion USER SOURce l 2 DATA DAC sreriroesererseoneneseresrersnsssrensnanesesnsserer SOURce 1 2J ARB EDIT COPY annrnrrvnvrvrnererererrrvrveverevsvrernnen SOURce 1 2 ARB EDIT DELete SOURce 1 2 ARB EDIT
30. and scroll wheel or number pad to enter period time OOO OG ee 6 Press F1 F3 to choose the aa period time unit CY G Range Period time 1ms 500s Default 10ms Note Burst period is only applicable for internal triggers Burst period settings are ignored when using gated burst mode or for external and manual triggers The burst period must be large enough to satisfied the condition below Burst Period gt Burst Count Wave frequency 200ns 124 GW INSTEK APPENDIX Burst Phase Burst Phase defines the starting phase of the burst waveform The default is 0 Panel Operation 1 Range Press the Burst key Eust Press F1 N Cycle C F Press F3 Phase BC F3 The Phase parameter will become highlighted in the Waveform Display area Type Burst N Cycle Source INT Trigger Out Rise 1 FREO gt Use the arrow keys and scroll wheel or number pad to enter the phase OOO 000 Press F2 Degreee to select F2 the phase unit Phase 360 360 Default 0 125 GW INSTEK AFG 2225 Series User Manual Note When using sine square triangle or ramp waveforms 0 is the point where the waveforms are at zero volts 0 is the starting point of a waveform For sine square or Triangle Ramp waveforms 0 is at 0 volts assuming there is no DC offset Burst Phase is used for both N cycle and Gated burst modes In gated
31. burst mode when the Trigger INPUT signal goes low the output is stopped after the current waveform is finished The voltage output level will remain equal to the voltage at the starting burst phase Burst Trigger Source Each time the function generator receives a trigger in triggered burst N Cycle mode a waveform burst is output The number of waveforms in each burst is designated by the burst cycle burst count When a burst has completed the function generator waits for the next trigger Internal source is the default triggered burst N cycle mode on power up Panel Operation 1 Press the Burst key 2 Press F1 N Cycle C F1 D 3 Press F5 TRIG set 5 4 Choose a trigger type by INT pressing F1 INT F2 EXT CaN or F3 Manual C 126 GW INSTEK APPENDIX Manual If a manual source is selected the aC F1 Triggering Trigger softkey F1 must be pressed each time to output a burst Type Burst N Cycle Source INT Trigger Out Rise Period 10 0000mSec Delay 0 00 uSec Note When the internal trigger source is chosen the burst is output continuously at a rate defined by the burst period setting The interval between bursts is defined by the burst period When the external trigger is selected the function generator will receive a trigger signal TTL from the Trigger INPUT terminal on the rear panel Each time the trigger is received a burst is output with the defined numbe
32. for triggered burst mode GY INSTEK APPENDIX Immediate A burst is output at a set frequency determined by the burst period External EXTernal will output a burst waveform after each external trigger pulse Any additional trigger pulse signals before the end of the burst are ignored Manual Manual triggering will output a burst waveform after the trigger softkey is pressed Note If the APPLy command was used the source is automatically set to IMMediate The OPC OPC command query can be used to signal the end of the burst Syntax SOURce 1 2 BURSt TRIGger SOURce IMMediate EXTernal MANual Example SOURT BURS TRIG SOUR EXT Sets the burst trigger source to external Query Syntax SOURce 1 2 BURSt TRIGger SOURce Return Parameter IMM Immediate EXT External MANual Manual Example SOURT BURS TRIG SOUR IMM The burst trigger source is set to immediate Source Specific SOURcef 1 2 BURSt TRIGger DELay Command Description The DELay command is used to insert a delay in seconds before a burst is output The delay starts after a trigger is received The default delay is 0 seconds 255 GW INSTEK AFG 2225 Series User Manual Syntax SOURecef 1 2 BURSt TRIGger DELay lt seconds gt MINimum MAXimum Parameter lt seconds gt 0 655350 nS Example SOUR1 BURS TRIG DEL 1 0000E 01 Sets the trigger delay to 10 seconds Query Syntax SOURce 1 2 BURSt TRIGger DELay
33. frequency 2mHz 20kHz Default frequency 100Hz 80 GW INSTEK APPENDIX Frequency Deviation The frequency deviation is the peak frequency deviation from the carrier wave and the modulated wave Panel Operation 1 Press the MOD key or 2 Press F2 FM TG 3 Press F2 Freq Dev AAC e 4 The Freq Dev parameter will become highlighted in the waveform display panel 5 Use the arrow keys and scroll wheel or number pad to enter the frequency deviation 6 Press F1 F5 to choose the za frequency units GW INSTEK AFG 2225 Series User Manual Range Frequency Deviation DC 25MHz DC 15MHz square DC 1MHz Ramp Default depth 100Hz Selecting FM Modulation Source The function generator will accept an internal or external source for FM modulation The default source is internal Panel Operation 1 Press the MOD key 2 Press F2 FM 3 Press F1 Source 4 To select the source press F1 Internal or F2 External 5 Press Return to return to the previous menu C Ce EH External Source Use the MOD INPUT terminal on the rear panel when using an external source 82 GW INSTEK APPENDIX Note If an external modulating source is selected the frequency deviation is limited to the 5V MOD INPUT terminal on the rear panel The frequency deviation is proportional to the signal level of the modulation in voltage For example if th
34. function generator will accept an internal or external source for AM modulation The default source is internal Panel Operation 1 Press the MOD key 2 Press F1 AM omc 3 Press F1 Source gg 4 Press F1 INT or F2 EXT to E select the modulation source F5 5 Press Return to go back to the Retum Retur previous menu External Source Use the MOD INPUT terminal on the rear panel when using an external source 73 GW INSTEK AFG 2225 Series User Manual Note If an external modulation source is selected modulation depth is limited to 5V from the MOD INPUT terminal on the rear panel For example if modulation depth is set to 100 then the maximum amplitude is 5V and the minimum amplitude is SV C2 OF o f I EXT v 1 FREO Pp 74 GW INSTEK APPENDIX Frequency Modulation FM A FM waveform is produced from a carrier waveform and a modulating waveform The instantaneous frequency of the carrier waveform varies with the magnitude of the modulating waveform When using the AFG 2225 function generator only one type of modulated waveform can be created at any one time SEIREN KANE BRRR LEFLELL yy 1 81863kHz 75 GW INSTEK AFG 2225 Series User Manual Selecting Frequency Modulation FM When FM is selected the modulated wavef
35. gt Returns the frequency in Hz Example SOURT FM INT FREQ MAX 2 0000E 04 Returns the maximum frequency allowed Source Specific SOURce 1 2 FM DEViation Command Description Sets or queries the peak frequency deviation of the modulating waveform from the carrier waveform The default peak deviation is 100Hz The frequency deviation of external sources is controlled using the 5V MOD INPUT terminal on the rear panel A positive signal gt 0 5V will increase the deviation up to the set frequency deviation whilst a negative voltage will reduce the deviation Note The relationship of peak deviation to modulating frequency and carrier frequency is shown below Peak deviation modulating frequency carrier frequency The carrier frequency must be greater than or GW INSTEK APPENDIX equal to the peak deviation frequency The sum of the deviation and carrier frequency must not exceed the maximum frequency for a specific carrier shape If an out of range deviation is set for any of the above conditions the deviation will be automatically adjusted to the maximum value allowed and an out of range error will be generated For square wave carrier waveforms the deviation may cause the duty cycle frequency boundary to be exceeded In these conditions the duty cycle will be adjusted to the maximum allowed and a settings conflict error will be generated Syntax SOURce 1 2 FM DEViation lt peak dev
36. is output each time a trigger pulse TTL is received from the Trigger IN terminal on the rear panel The trigger period must be equal to or greater than the sweep time plus Ims 5 If manual is selected press F1 CG Trigger to manually start each sweep FREQ 1 000000 kHz CH1 orr son CH2 OFF 500 a Type Sweep Linear Source INT Time 1 000 Sec Start 100 000 Hz famp Stop 1 00000 kHz Marker State ON Marker 550 000 Hz he 1 FREO gt 117 GW INSTEK AFG 2225 Series User Manual Burst Mode The function generator can create a waveform burst with a designated number of cycles Burst mode supports sine square ARB and ramp waveforms v OD 99 9999H7 118 GW INSTEK APPENDIX Selecting Burst Mode When burst mode is selected any modulation or sweep modes will be automatically disabled If no settings have been configured the default settings for output amplitude offset and frequency are used Burst Modes Burst mode can be configured using Triggered N Cycle mode or Gated mode Using N Cycle Triggered mode each time the function generator receives a trigger the function generator will output a specified number of waveform cycles burst After the burst the function generator will wait for the next trigger before outputting another burst N Cycle is the default Burst mode Triggered mode can use internal or external triggers The alternat
37. luHz 25MHz luHz 15MHz Square 1uHz 1MHz Ramp Example SOURT FREQ STOP 2 0000E 03 Sets the stop frequency to 2kHz Query Syntax SOURece 1 2 FREQuency STOP MINimum MAXimum Return Parameter lt NR3 gt Returns the stop frequency in Hz Example SOURT FREQ STOP MAX 8 0000E 00 Returns the maximum stop frequency allowed Source Specific SOURce 1 2 FREQuency CENTer Command Description Sets and queries the center frequency of the sweep 550 Hz is the default center frequency Note The maximum center frequency depends on the sweep span and maximum frequency max center freq max freq span 2 Syntax SOURece 1 2 FREQuency CENTer lt frequency gt MINimum MAXimum Parameter lt frequency gt 450Hz 25MHz 450Hz 15MHz Square 450Hz 1MHz Ramp Example SOURT FREQ CENT 2 0000E 03 Sets the center frequency to 2kHz Query Syntax SOURcef 1 2 FREQuency CENTer MINimum MAXimum Return Parameter lt NR3 gt Returns the stop frequency in Hz 243 GW INSTEK AFG 2225 Series User Manual Example SOURT FREQ CENT MAX 8 0000E 00 Returns the maximum center frequency allowed depending on the span Source Specific SOURce 1 2 FREQuency SPAN Command Description Sets and queries the frequency span of the sweep 900 Hz is the default frequency span The span frequency is equal to the stop start frequencies Note To sweep up or down set the span as positive or negative The
38. maximum span frequency has a relationship to the center frequency and maximum frequency max freq span 2 max freq center freq Syntax SOURce 1 2 FREQuency SPAN lt frequency gt MINimum MAXimum Parameter lt frequency gt 1pHz 25MHz 1uHz 15MHz7 Squa 1uHz 1MHz Ramp Example SOURT FREQ SPAN 2 0000E 03 Sets the frequency span to 2kHz Query Syntax SOURce 1 2 FREQuency SPAN MINimum MAXimum Return Parameter lt NR3 gt Returns the frequency span in Hz Example SOURT FREQ SPAN 2 0000E 03 Returns the frequency span for the current sweep 244 GW INSTEK APPENDIX Source Specific SOURce 1 2 SWEep SPACing Command Description Sets linear or logarithmic sweep spacing The default spacing is linear Syntax SOURcef 1 2 SWEep SPACing LINear LOGarithmic Example SOURT SWE SPAC LIN Sets the spacing to linear Query Syntax SOURce 1 2 SWEep SPACing Return Parameter LIN Linear spacing LOG Logarithmic spacing Example SOURT SWE SPAC LIN The spacing is currently set as linear Source Specific SOURce 1 2 SWEep TIME Command Description Sets or queries the sweep time The default sweep time is 1 second Note The function generator automatically determines the number of frequency points that are used for the sweep based on the sweep time Syntax SOURcef 1 2 SWEep TIME lt seconds gt MINimum MAXimum Parameter lt seconds gt 1
39. olol PA 7 Disposal instructions 0 QOS un e aaan DSO link sesnrrorevvenevrvrensvnesvrsen 146 output EN61010 period measurement category esee 7 phase pollution degree 9 trigger Environment carrier frequency se safety instructions 0 0 8 CArTier WAVe mmmmuusssssssssrrseeesoeoo00 101 Error messages rnsrsrrvvrvrrrevnrer 273 Me Reder genrer seen 75 FM command cce eee 223 GE Fe 1 GW INSTEK AFG 2225 Series User Manual carrier shape deviation carrier frequency carrier shape hop frequency carrier frequency n s 93 Carrier Shape mmmsessersvrrvversersen 93 deviation m ervrevrerereerevee 97 Sweep marker Amplitude cccccocecssssssesoeesseessees 62 Frequency aisacecnsonsnenonoss 60 Noise WaV snsngrenoninnsian 59 Ramp vesssssserersssasvsessasnerskansavenssesersree 58 Operation keys key overview s s s 13 Output commands 206 Output phase Phase commands Phase syne wisi ects oes PM commands renerornrvrvennrvnrnr 232 Power on off 306 safety instruction POWEr UP uisnsriedninisnrnssdnie Pulse configuration commands NN ENE EE 216 Query Errors jpepeeeeeeeeee 279 Quick reference rranvrrnvvarvrersnnr 21 COUPLING ei cssesessectosssseveosesseadoonsacseoss 42 frequency Counter 41 modulation selecting a waveform SWEEP si csscisssesiessivcecs inter
40. operation Delete All 8 134 To delete all the files for C Fa Memory0 Memory9 press F4 GW INSTEK APPENDIX 9 Press F1 Done to confirm EA F1 the deletion of all files 135 GW INSTEK AFG 2225 Series User Manual System and Settings There are a number of miscellaneous settings and firmware settings that can be configured Viewing and Updating the Firmware View Version 1 Press the UTIL key un 2 Press F2 Cal Cal Cr_ 3 Press F2 Software Ce 4 Press F1 Version to view the Ca firmware version The version information will be shown on screen Instrument Version FPGA Revision Update Firmware 5 To update the firmware C insert a USB flash drive with a firmware file in the USB host drive Press F2 Upgrade AN The firmware file bin must be located in a Note directory directly off the USB root directory 136 GW INSTEK APPENDIX Setting the Buzzer Sound Background Turns the beeper on or off Panel Operation 1 Press the UTIL key 2 Press F3 System System I F3 3 PressF3 Beep to toggle the C F3 D buzzer sound on or off 4 Press F1 ON or Press zn Ea F2 OFF CD Frequency Counter Example Turn on the frequency counter Gate time 1 second Output N A 1 Press UTIL F5 Counter Input 2 Press F1 Gate Time and press F3 1 Sec to choose a gate time of 1 second Conn
41. select the C F1 D marker frequency 6 The Marker parameter will become highlighted in the waveform display area 115 GW INSTEK AFG 2225 Series User Manual Stop 1 00000 kHz ocot Marker State ON 7 Use the arrow keys and scroll wheel or number pad to enter the frequency OO 000 PE 8 Press F1 F5 to select the i ME frequency unit Cr C Range Frequency luHz 25MHz Sine wave 1uHz 1 MHz Ramp wave 1uHz 15MHz square wave Default 550Hz Note The marker frequency must be set to a value between the start and stop frequencies If no value is set the marker frequency is set to the average of the start and stop frequencies Marker mode will override SYNC mode settings when sweep mode is active Sweep Trigger Source In sweep mode the function generator will sweep each time a trigger signal is received After a sweep output has completed the function 116 GW INSTEK APPENDIX generator outputs the start frequency and waits for a trigger signal before completing the sweep The default trigger source is internal Panel Operation 1 Press the SWEEP key 2 Press F1 Source Cm 3 To select the trigger source A press F1 Internal F2 Cr Cs External or F3 Manual ken he 4 Press Return to return to the Return previous menu Note Using the Internal source will produce a continuous sweep using the sweep time settings With an external source a sweep
42. upper limit Example The parameter was set out of range The parameter is automatically set to the maximum value allowed 277 GW INSTEK AFG 2225 Series User Manual 221 Settings conflict modulation function can not be performed under current setting Example A modulated waveform cannot be generated with the noise or pulse waveforms 222 Data out of range value clipped to lower limit Example The parameter was set out of range The parameter is automatically set to the minimum value allowed 222 Data out of range amplitude Example If the amplitude was set to a value out of range it is automatically set to an upper or lower limit 222 Data out of range offset Example If the offset is set to a value out of range it is automatically set to an upper of lower limit 222 Data out of range burst count Example If the burst count was set to a value out of range it is automatically set to an upper or lower limit 222 Data out of range FM deviation clipped to upper limit Example If the FM dev was set to a value out of range it is automatically set to an upper or lower limit 222 Data out of range Pulse width limited by period Example If the width was set to a value out of range it is automatically set to an upper or lower limit 222 Data out of range frequency Example If the frequency was set to a value out of range it is automatically set to an upper or lower limit
43. 1 0 4095 lt datal gt Value data2 511 lt address2 gt Address of data point2 0 4095 lt data2 gt Value data2 511 Example SOURT ARB EDIT LINE 40 50 100 50 Creates a line on the arbitrary waveform at 40 50 to 100 50 Source Specific SOURce 1 2 ARB EDIT PROTect Command Description Protects a segment of the arbitrary waveform from deletion or editing Syntax SOURce 1 2 ARB EDIT PROTect lt STARt gt lt LENGth gt Parameter lt STARt gt Start address 0 4095 lt LENGth gt 1 4096 Example SOURT ARB EDIT PROT 40 50 264 GW INSTEK APPENDIX Protects a segment of the waveform from address 40 for 50 data points Source Specific SOURce 1 2 ARB EDIT PROTect ALL Command Description Protects the arbitrary waveform currently in non volatile memory currently being output Syntax SOURce 2 ARB EDIT PROTect ALL Example SOURT ARB EDIT PROT ALL Source Specific SOURcef 1 2J ARB EDIT UNProtect Command Description Uprotects the arbitrary waveform currently in non volatile memory currently being output Syntax SOURece 1 2J ARB EDIT UNProtect Example SOURT ARB EDIT UNP Source Specific SOURce 1 2 ARB OUTPut Command Description Output the current arbitrary waveform in volatile memory A specified start and length can also be designated Syntax SOURcef 1 2 ARB OUTPut lt STARt gt lt LENGth gt Parameter lt STARt gt Start address 0 4096 lt LENGth gt Length 0 4096 Start
44. 10 seconds Query Syntax SOURce 1 2 BURSt INTernal PERiod MINimum MAXimum Return Parameter lt NR3 gt Returns the burst period in seconds Example SOURT BURS INT PER 1 0000E 01 The burst period is 10 seconds 253 GW INSTEK AFG 2225 Series User Manual Source Specific SOURce 1 2 BURSt PHASe Command Description Sets or queries the starting phase for the burst The default phase is 0 degrees At 0 degrees sine square and ramp waveforms are at 0 volts In gated burst mode waveforms are continuously output burst when the Trig signal is true The voltage level at the starting phase is used to determine the voltage level of the signal in between bursts Note The phase command is not used with pulse waveforms Syntax SOURce 1 2 BURSt PHASe lt angle gt MINimum MAXimum Parameter lt angle gt 360 360 degrees Example SOURT BURS PHAS MAX Sets the phase to 360 degrees Query Syntax SOURce 1 2 BURSt PHASe MINimum MAXimum Return Parameter lt NR3 gt Returns the phase angle in degrees Example SOURT BURS PHAS 1 2000E 02 The burst phase is 120 degrees Source Specific SOURce 1 2 BURSt TRIGger SOURce Command Description Sets or queries the trigger source for triggered burst mode In trigged burst mode a waveform burst is output each time a trigger signal is received and the number of cycles is determined by the burst count There are three trigger sources
45. 1uHz 1MHz Default frequency IkHz FM Wave Shape The function generator can accept internal as well as external sources The AFG 2225 has sine square triangle positive and negative ramps UpRamp DnRamp as the internal modulating waveform shapes Sine is the default wave shape Background 1 Select MOD mon 2 Press F2 FM GE F2 D 3 Press F4 Shape F4 D 4 Press F1 F5 to select the EN waveform shape Cr Crs N gt S 5 Press Return to return to the Return previous menu Range Square wave 50 Duty cycle UpRamp 100 Symmetry Triangle 50 Symmetry DnRamp 0 Symmetry 78 GW INSTEK APPENDIX Type FM Source INT Shape Sine FM Freq 100 000 Hz fampi Yi f FM Dev 100 000 Hz focona UpRamp Triangle DnRamp FM Frequency The frequency of the modulation waveform FM Frequency can be set from 2mHz to 20kHz Panel Operation 1 Press the MOD key 2 Press F2 FM 3 Press F3 FM Freq 79 GW INSTEK AFG 2225 Series User Manual 4 The FM Freq parameter will become highlighted in waveform display panel FREQ 1 000000 kite FREQ 1 000000 kiz Type FM Source INT Shape Sine Ampi nn FM Dev 100 000 Hz pcos Y n 1 FREO P 5 Use the arrow keys and scroll wheel or number pad to enter the FM frequency OOO 0006 6 Press F1 F3 to select the Ea frequency unit CD C Range Modulation
46. 8 C 28 C AFG 2225 models CH1 CH2 Waveforms Sine Square Ramp Pulse Noise ARB Arbitrary Functions 1 Sample Rate 120 MSa s Repetition Rate 60MHz Waveform Length 4k points Amplitude 10 bits Resolution Non Volatile 4k points Memory Frequency Characteristics Range Sine luHz 25MHz Square luHz 25MHz Ramp 1MHz Resolution luHz Accuracy Stability 20 ppm Aging 1 ppm per I year Tolerance lt 1 mHz Output Characteristics Amplitude Range 1mVpp to 10 Vpp into 509 2mVpp to 20 Vpp open circuit 1mVpp to 5 Vpp into 500 for 20MHz 25MHz 2mVpp to 10 Vpp open circuit for 20MHz 25MHz Accuracy 2 of setting 1 mVpp at 1 kHz Resolution 1mV or 3 digits Flatness 1 0 1dB lt 100kHz 3 0 3 dB lt 5SMHz 5 0 4 dB lt 12MHz 10 0 9dB lt 25MHz sine wave relative to 1kHz Units Vpp Vrms dBm 287 GY INSTEK AFG 2225 Series User Manual Offset Waveform Output Sine wave Characteristics Square wave Characteristics Ramp Characteristics Pulse Characteristics AM Modulation FM Modulation 288 Range Accuracy Impedance Protection Harmonic distortion Rise Fall Time Overshoot Asymmetry Variable duty Cycle Linearity Variable Symmetry Period Pulse Width 2 Overshoot Accuracy Jitter Carrier Waveforms Modulating Waveforms Modulating Frequency Depth Source Carrier Waveforms Modulating Waveforms 5 Vpk ac dc into 509 10Vpk ac dc Open circuit 2 5 Vp
47. ASe 25 Sets the phase of channel 1 to 25 Query Syntax SOURce 1 2 PHASe MAX MIN Return Parameter phase Returns the current phase Example SOURce1 PHASe 26 Returns the phase of channel 1 as 26 267 GW INSTEK AFG 2225 Series User Manual Instrument SOURce 1 2 PHASe SYNChronize Command Description Sychronizes the phase of channel 1 and channel 2 SOURce1 or SOURce2 has not effect on this command Syntax SOURce 1 2 PHASe SYNChronize Example SOURcel PHASe SYNChronize Synchronizes the phase of channel 1 and channel 2 COUPLE The Couple commands can be used to remotely set the frequency coupling and amplitude coupling Instrument SOURcef 1 2 FREQuency COUPle MODE Command Description Set the frequency coupling mode Syntax SOURece 1 2 FREQuency COUPle MODE Off Offset Ratio Example SOURce1 FREQuency COUPle MODE Offset Sets the frequency coupling mode to offset Query Syntax SOURce 1 2 FREQuency COUPle MODE Return Parameter Off Disables frequency coupling Offset Set frequency coupling to offset mode Ratio Sets frequency coupling to ratio mode Example SOURce1 FREQuency COUPle MODE Off Frequency coupling is turned off GW INSTEK APPENDIX Instrument SOURce 1 2 FREQuency COUPle OFFSet Command Description Sets the offset frequency when the frequency coupling mode is set to offset Syntax SOURce 1 2 FREQuency COUPIle OF FSet frequency Example SOURce1 FRE
48. Arbitrary Function Generator AFG 2225 User Manual GW INSTEK PART NO 82AF 22250EA1 4 1SO 9001 CERTIFIED MANUFACTURER GW INSTEK This manual contains proprietary information which is protected by copyright All rights are reserved No part of this manual may be photocopied reproduced or translated to another language without prior written consent of Good Will Corporation The information in this manual was correct at the time of printing However Good Will continues to improve its products and therefore reserves the right to change the specifications equipment and maintenance procedures at any time without notice Good Will Instrument Co Ltd No 7 1 Jhongsing Rd Tucheng Dist New Taipei City 236 Taiwan GW INSTEK Table of Contents Table of Contents SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS skremmes 6 GETTING STARVED sum 11 Main FEAturesu ikemienesjirinbeverber tek dy tebe omeses stand ene sxeotewes 11 Panel ye Wero ieseieirieiinnoieis need 13 Setting Up the function Generator assransrnrnvanannavsersnsrenn 19 QUICK REFERENCE sescsccsnssinaecscaspansanannaveonsvane 21 How to use the Digital Inputs eeerrarrarnnorernronavnnnvannneneenneee 23 How to use the Help Menu samemasneansnmemninssivseseiiimse 25 Selecting Waveform sic iacsscancomesenbeabbacimecbescautaddebiwecheiuslecs 27 Moa 29 SWEPT 34 BUrStesarssktunisratr av EE ves onededovesvagees seier 35 PR Biatedachss2iheshsavadestestavcidcnvcdush area E avent rr 37 Utility
49. C Offset Marker State OFF Y Marker 550 000 Hz Ps 1 FREQ J 113 GW INSTEK AFG 2225 Series User Manual Sweep Time The sweep time is used to determine how long it takes to perform a sweep from the start to stop frequencies The function generator automatically determines the number of discrete frequencies used in the scan depending on the length of the scan Panel Operation 1 Press the SWEEP key sweep 2 Press F5 More wore I F5 3 Press F1 SWP Time Swern 4 The Time parameter will become highlighted in the waveform display area CH orr on re FREQ 1 000000 kHz Type Sweep Linear Source INT Start 100 000 Stop 1 00000 kHz ocon Marker State OFF Y Marker 550 000 Hz R 1 FREQ gt 1 000 Sec 5 Use the selector keys and OOO scroll wheel or number pad OO to enter the Sweep time OO ee gt 114 GW INSTEK APPENDIX 6 Press F1 F2 to select the time 2 unit C F1 F2 Range Sweep time Ims 500s Default time Is Marker Frequency The marker frequency is the frequency at which the marker signal goes low high The marker signal is high low at the start of each sweep The marker signal is output from the Trigger OUT terminal on the rear panel The default is 550 Hz Panel Operation 1 Press the SWEFP key 2 Press F5 More 75 D 3 Press F4 Marker Cra 4 Press F2 ON OFF to toggle Cr the marker on or off 5 Press F1 Freq to
50. D the start point 6 Use the arrow keys and scroll O O 8 Press Return to return to the Return previous menu 9 Repeat steps 4 8 for Length Cr F2 10 Press F3 Memory C F3 D 171 GW INSTEK AFG 2225 Series User Manual 11 Select a memory file using the scroll wheel Memory0 Memory9 12 Press F1 Select to save the Cr selected memory file 13 Press Return to return to the Return 5 S previous menu Below the file Memory0 is selected using the scroll wheel Patt Memory E Saving a Waveform to USB Memory Panel Operation 1 Press the ARB key ARB 2 Press F5 More voe KED 3 Press F1 Save C FE 4 Press F1 Start Ea gt 172 GW INSTEK APPENDIX 5 The Start propery will become highlighted in red 6 Use the arrow keys and scroll wheel or number pad to enter the Start address OOO 7 Press F2 Enter to confirm Cr the start point 8 Press Return to return to the Return previous menu 9 Repeat steps 4 8 for Length Cr F2 10 Press F4 USB Ce 11 Use the scroll wheel to navigate the file system 12 Press Select to select C Fi directories or files Create a Folder 1 Press F2 New Folder C Fi 2 The text editor will appear with a default folder name of NEW FOL 173 GW INSTEK AFG 2225 Series User Manual New Folder NEW FOL KjJEeADEREANNEKR DNM NOOR PORE RNA E
51. D 3 Press F4 Wave C F4 4 Press F1 Common Common 1 Fi 5 Use the scroll wheel to select AbsAtan from the built in Common waveforms 6 Press F5 Select to select Ea F5 D AbsAtan waveform 7 Press F1 Start and set the r r start position of the AbsAtan waveform 8 You can also change the C2 length and scale of the PaLengih orca ECO 9 Press F5 Done to complete C the operation 10 Press return to return to the retum previous menu 148 GW INSTEK APPENDIX Below an Absatan wave created at start 0 Length 33 Scale 511 CHT on soa CH OF gg FREQ 10 0000 Kite FREQ 1 000000 Kitz L vee S P le W Please see the appendix for other built in waveforms 149 GW INSTEK AFG 2225 Series User Manual Display an Arbitrary Waveform Set the Horizontal Display Range The horizontal window bounds can be set in one of two ways Using a start point and length or a center point and length Panel Operation 1 Press the ARB key ARB 2 Press F1 Display to enter the C1 D display menu 3 Press F1 Horizon to enter F D the horizontal menu Using a Start 4 Press F1 Start Saa Fi usin EE gt 5 The H From parameter will become highlighted 6 Use the arrow keys and scroll wheel or number pad to enter the H_From value OO 7 Press Clear F1 to cancel KIA Fi S J 8 Press F2 Enter to sav
52. EXTernal Example SOURT PM SOUR EXT Sets the PM source to external Query Syntax SOURce 1 2 PM SOURce Return Parameter INT Internal EXT External 233 GW INSTEK AFG 2225 Series User Manual Example SOURT PM SOUR INT The PM souree is set to internal Source Specific SOURcef1 2 PM INTernal FUNction Command Description Sets the shape of the modulating waveform from sine square triangle upramp and dnramp The default shape is sine Note Square and triangle waveforms have a 50 duty cycle Upramp and dnramp have a symmetry to 100 and 0 respectively Syntax SOURce 1 2 PM INTernal FUNction SINusoid SQUare TRlangle UPRamp DNRamp Example SOURT PM INT FUN SIN Sets the PM modulating wave shape to sine Query Syntax SOURCce 1 2 PM INTernal FUNction Return Parameter SIN Sine UPRAMP Upramp SQU Square DNRAMP Dnramp TRI Triangle Example SOURT PM INT FUNC SIN The shape for the modulating waveform is Sine Source Specific SOURcef 1 2 PM INTernal FREQuency Command Description Sets the modulating waveform frequency for internal sources The default frequency is set to 100Hz Syntax SOURce 2 PM INTernal FREQuency lt frequency gt MINimum MAXimum Parameter lt frequency gt 2 mHz 20 kHz 234 GW INSTEK APPENDIX Example SOURT PM INT FREQ MAX Sets the frequency to the maximum value Query Syntax SOURece 1 2J PM INTernal FREQuency
53. F 00 orizon FREQ 10 0000 kHz FREQ 1 000000 kHz AMPL 3 000 Vppj AMPL 3 000 Ver age B age CHT or soa EPER FREQ 10 0000 kHz FREQ 1 000000 kHz Next Page Back Page f ER ES n Next P p ack P P n Overview farter ene EE lemmer nenna PO 155 GW INSTEK AFG 2225 Series User Manual Page Navigation Next Page Background Panel Operation When viewing the waveform the display window can be moved forward and backward using the Next Back Page functions 1 Press the ARB key ARB 2 Press F1 Display F1 D 3 Press F3 Next Page to move AC F3 the display window one view length forward H From H From Length Center Center Length H From Length lt 4096 Below shows the display after Next Page has been pressed H From 0 gt 200 Length 200 Center 100 gt 300 GW INSTEK APPENDIX CHT orr soa EDGE Sool po FREQ 10 0000 kHz FREQ 1 000000 kHz l m pme Next Page pm Back Page f mam E ER FREQ 10 0000 kHz FREQ 1 000000 kHz 157 GW INSTEK AFG 2225 Series User Manual Display Panel Operation 1 Press the ARB key ARB 2 Press F1 Display Ds NG F1 gt 3 To make the display window 7 F5 cover the whole waveform press F5 Overview Horizontal 0 4095 Vertical 511 511 Below shows the display after Overview has been selected H_From 0 gt 0 Length 40034096 Center 200 gt 2048 Vertical low high 511
54. LBE Ee PE beh E 3 Use the scroll wheel to move the cursor Backspace to create a folder CO 4 Use F1 Enter Char or F2 GE gt name 5 Press F5 Save to save the Hac F5 D folder name Create a New File 1 Press F3 New File Cs 2 The text editor will appear with a default file name of NEW_FIL New File CSV NEW_FIL Me a Derana mna RAN NOR BOR ge R NNE IEP EEE EE Bg 174 GW INSTEK APPENDIX Use F1 Enter Char or F2 Use the scroll wheel to move the cursor pa Backspace to create a file name E NE Press F5 Save to save the file Ea F5 D name Below the folder BIN has been created in the root directory Pawos ea erre Load a Waveform from Internal Memory Panel Operation 1 Press F5 More ARB Press the ARBkey Press F2 Load Press F1 Memory GW INSTEK AFG 2225 Series User Manual 5 Use the scroll whell to choose a memory file 6 Press Select to load the Gi selected memory file 7 Press F3 To to choose the F3 starting point for the loaded waveform 8 The Load To parameter will become highlighted in red 9 Use the selector keys and scroll wheel or number pad to enter the starting point OO Se 000 10 Press F2 Enter to confirm the Ea F2 start point 11 Press Return to return to the 7 Return prev
55. Length lt currently output arbitrary waveform Example SOURT ARB OUTP 20 200 Outputs the current arbitrary waveform in memory 265 GW INSTEK AFG 2225 Series User Manual COUNTER The frequency counter function can be turned on remotely to control the frequency counter Instrument COUNTER STATE Command Description Turns the frequency counter function on or off Syntax COUNter STATe ON OFF Example COUNter STATe ON Turns the frequency counter on Query Syntax COUNter STATe Return Parameter 1 ON 0 OFF Example COUNter STATe 1 Turns on the frequency counter Instrument COUNter GATe Command Description Sets the gate time for the frequency counter Syntax COUNter GATe 0 01 0 1 1 10 Example COUNter GATe 1 Sets the gate time to 15 Syntax COUNter GATe max min Example COUNter GATe 1 Returns the gate time 15 GW INSTEK APPENDIX Instrument COUNter VALue Command Description Returns the current value from the frequency counter Syntax COUNter V ALue Example COUNter VALue 5 00E 02 Returns the frequency as 500Hz PHASE The phase command remotely controls the phase and channel synchronization Instrument SOURce 1 2 PHASe Command Description Sets the phase Syntax SOURce 1 2 PHASe lt phase gt lt MIN gt lt MAX gt Parameter phase 180 180 min Sets the phase to the minimum value max Sets the phase to the maxium value Example SOURcel PH
56. MENU senses sristi ieee er eiee h 40 Frequency C unte ecesanta 41 ROU BING ETE anne EE E AE 42 Menu Treespuuusr inenen rannas ea Dr saves cop SRR 44 Default Settings EE iei 52 OPERATION Berens sear rerr nano eran rrren sissien 54 Sel ct a Waveform AA 55 MODULATION saccccuserasnyrcaniceaysvcaeseaenas 64 Amplitude Modulation AM sesssesessessrrrerreresssrrrrree 66 Frequency Modulation FM mecreaveuisersernrsenmnsrert 75 Frequency Shift Keying FSK Modulation seess 84 Phase Modulation PM eseessessssreriseersssserrererresssrrrereeee 91 SUM modulatio Nerse ensenis ee ea t 100 Frequency SWeep nrerin n E EE sae 108 GW INSTEK AFG 2225 User Manual Burst Mode erreser sviene sirien Eaa E Ea Ea 118 SECONDARY SYSTEM FUNCTION SETTINGS E EE EE T 131 SEE Recall ER NE 132 System and Settings uapsvssammenirennn nnnviearddan 136 System and Settings eda 136 CHANNEL SETTINGS Lupen 143 ARBITRARY WAVEFORMS eeeernorrrnevvnnnevenneee 147 Inserting Built In Waveforms pcsiseinniive capsencrsderscincsnveaassennes 148 Display an Arbitrary Waveform srvrvrvrvrvrvrvrvrvrvrvrvrvrvnnen 150 Editing an Arbitrary Wavefrom cesluceicssaceisdeseseessasayatertenens 159 Ouput an Arbitrary Wareform auparinassapskutysknd 169 Saving Loading an Arbitrary Waveform 171 REMOTE INTERFACE sus 180 Establishing a Remote Connection ssnosarnnenavnnnvernronsnnnenr 181 Command EE RENE TN EREA 189 System Commands aig ccccwsepzanansayaenindagnendents ia eia n e 193
57. NDIX AM commands srsesvsvvvvvvrvrerenes 218 Frequency counter rosorrrrrerne 137 Amplitude counter 0 140 Frequency counter commands266 Apply commands 006 200 Frequency coupling 0 138 ARB commands 260 Front panel diagram 13 ARB error messages FSK command5 cccecceeeseees 228 Arbitrary waveforms Function keys DISPLAY is s s ccecssrvessereorssveeseresnceteess key overview mmnvnsrrevrevrerraversersen 13 edit Fuse replacement output safety instruction cee 8 protection Ground save and load rrnnnrvvrvrrrsvrsrrerrrrsrne Symbol mmmssssssnnerssvssnerrsvssseresvssnter BeGpenuuenannannadndiinen Help menu Burst commands rrvvvrvvrrrverer lin sweep Caution symbol List of features eee 11 Channel Settings log SWEEP oo essssecccsesscesntscesnereeees 113 Channel tracking Menu Tree eeeeesssesceseeeeeeteees 44 Cleaning the instrument 8 Modulation ossessi 64 Command error codes 273 Command list 189 carrier frequency 0 0 68 Coupling commands 268 Carrier Shape mmsrrsevsvrrevevrersnn 67 Declaration of conformity 292 depth Default settings ee 52 FIOGUENEY a 70 Dial inputs GRAPE ER 5 P source OW to USC stie cciccisacensincssssataesesdere 23 amplitude Display BUrstieuesssssrssrsvesessissririesisetr di rammessuunaniekannanie 18 Disposal fanal
58. NGCHON sscscccssssssssssssssssssssssseesetssssssvesessee 206 SOURCE T 2 FREQUENCY sssccssceseesesseseessceesorssseeseceserses 207 SOURce 1 2 AMPlitude SOURce l 2 DCOffset rnnerennernrernererervrvernvrsrererveverervssere SOURce 1 2 SQUare DCYCle nmnnnnnnnvnrererererrrvrvrverersvreenner 211 SOURce 1 2 RAMP SYMMetrysmmmnnnnnossssssssssssrereerrrrtnnttnssens 212 ey ee 213 OUTPut 1 2J LOAD rrrrrsrrsrrrvrvrvvrvvtvtssvsvssssssssssrrrererretttenseens 213 SOURece 1 2 VOLTage UNIT ccssssssssseeecsesssscscesssssssssssseeees 214 Pulse Configuration Commands rarnrnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnennrnne 216 SOURce 1 2 PULSE PERIOG ssssssssssessesssssessseesssssssssssneees 216 SOURce 1 2 PULSe WIDTh nnnnrnvonrnnnrennnerrrnrvrennrrrnnrsrnenne 217 Amplitude Modulation AM Commands ararnnnnnnvrnnnnnner 218 AM Overview kus idessskenissakdnmesa deemed 218 GW INSTEK AFG 2225 Series User Manual SOURCe 2 AM STATE scccscessecssecsscecseceseoesseeessensseenses SOURCEe 1 2 AM SOURCE mnnnnnrnnnnrenrnerrnnerrennrsrnnrrenersvsenenne SOURce 1 2 AM INTernal FUNCtion SOURce 1 2 AM INTernal FREQuency SOURCe 1 2 AM DEPTH cc ssesscssecescecsececeeesceeessensscenens Frequency Modulation FM Commands c sseeeeeeees FM OVGIVICW siscssssvesccns ces ceopesksscovedestasvaseassntedesevsecatereoseansees SOURcef 1 2 FM STATE csssssssssesessesssscsssssssssssssssesseessesesees SOURce 1 2 FM
59. OAD DEF Sets the channel 1 output termination to 50Q Query Syntax OUTPut 1 2 LOAD Return Parameter DEF Default INF INFinity Example OUTP1 LOAD DEF The output termination for channel 1 is set to 500 Source Specific SOURcef 1 2 VOLTage UNIT Command Description Sets or queries the output amplitude units There are three types of units VPP VRMS and DBM Note The units set with the VOLTage UNIT command will be used as the default unit for all amplitude units unless a different unit is specifically used for a command If the output termination is set to high impedance dBm units cannot be used The Units will automatically default to Vpp Syntax SOURce 1 2 VOLTage UNIT VPP VRMS DBM Example SOURT VOLT UNIT VPP Sets the amplitude units to Vpp Query Syntax SOURece 1 2 VOLTage UNIT Return Parameter VPP Vpp VRMS Vrms 214 GW INSTEK APPENDIX DBM dBm Example SOURT VOLT UNIT VPP The amplitude units are set to Vpp 215 GW INSTEK AFG 2225 Series User Manual Pulse Configuration Commands The pulse chapter is used to control and output pulse waveforms Unlike the APPLy command low level control is possible including setting the rise time fall time period and pulse width Period _ 50 10 h Rise time Fall time Source Specific SOURce 1 2 PULSe PERiod Command Description Sets or queries the pulse period The default period i
60. Off Y H 1 FREO P Y Ps 1 FREO gt Setting the Pulse Width Panel Operation 1 Press the Waveform key 2 Press F3 Pulse to create a f Pulse pulse width waveform 3 Press F1 Width The Width MG parameter will be highlighted in the parameter window the pulse width OO GW INSTEK AFG 2225 Series User Manual 5 Press F2 F5 choose the unit E range p HEEN 8 G G amp G Range Pulse Width 20ns 1999 9s AN Minimum Pulse Width Frequency lt 25MHz 20ns Note pulse width Frequency lt 100 kHZ 1 4096 duty cycle Resolution Frequency lt 25MHz 20ns pulse width Frequency lt 100 kHZ 1 4096 duty cycle CHT on soa EROS ar FREQ 000000 kHz FREQ al 000000 kiiz Ap 1 FREO gt vale 1 FREO gt Setting a Ramp Waveform Panel Operation 1 Press the Waveform key 2 Press F4 Ramp to create a F4 Ce ramp waveform 3 Press F1 SYM The SYM Cri parameter will be highlighted in the parameter window 58 GW INSTEK APPENDIX 5 Press F2 to choose units Range Symmetry 0 100 C Off 1 FREO gt Y le 1 FREO gt Selecting a Noise Waveform Panel Operation 1 Press the Waveform key 2 Press F5 Noise PNG 59 GW INSTEK AFG 2225 Series User Manual Setting the Frequency Panel Operation 1 Press the FREQ Rate key 2 The FREQ parameter will become highlighted in the parameter window
61. Quency MIN Command forms Commands and queries have two different forms long and short The command syntax is written with the short form of the command in capitals and the remainder long form in lower case long long SOURce1 DCOffset short short The commands can be written in capitals or lower case just so long as the short or long forms are complete An incomplete command will not be recognized Below are examples of correctly written commands LONG SOURcel DCOffset SOURCE1 DCOFFSET sourcel dcoffset SHORT SOUR1 DCO sourl dco 185 GW INSTEK AFG 2225 Series User Manual Command SOURcel DCOffset lt ofset LF 1 command header T T Format 1 2 3 4 2 single space 3 parameter 4 message terminator Square Brackets Commands that contain squares brackets indicate that the contents are optional The function of the command is the same with or without the square bracketed items Brackets are not sent with the command For example the frequency query below can use any of the following 3 forms SOURcel FREQuency MINimum MAXimum SOURcel FREQuency MAXimum SOURcel FREQuency MINimum SOURcel FREQuency Braces Commands that contain braces indicate one item within the braces must be chosen Braces are not sent with the command Angled Brackets Angle brackets are used to indicate that a value lt gt must be specified for the parameter See the parameter descripti
62. Quency COUPle OFFSet 2khz Sets the offset frequency to 2kHz the frequency of CH2 minus CH1 is 2kHz Syntax SOURcef 1 2 FREQuency COUPle OFFSet Example SOURcel FREQuency COUPIe OFFSet 2 0000E 03 The offset of channel 2 from channel 1 is 2kHz Instrument SOURce 1 2 FREQuency COUPle RATio Command Description Sets the frequency coupling ratio when frequency coupling is set to ratio mode Syntax SOURcef 1 2 FREQuency COUPIe RATio ratio Example SOURce1 FREQuency COUPIe RATio 2 Set the CH2 to CH1 frequency ratio to 2 Query Syntax SOURcef 1 2 FREQuency COUPIe RATio Example SOURce1 FREQuency COUPIle RATio 2 0000E 00 Returns the CH2 to CH1 frequency ratio as 2 Instrument SOURcef1 2 AMPlitude COUPle STATe Command Description Enables or disables the amplitude coupling Syntax SOUReef1 2 AMPlitude COUPle STATe ON Off 269 GW INSTEK AFG 2225 Series User Manual Example SOURce1 AMPlitude COUPle STATe on Description Turns amplitude coupling on Query Syntax SOURce 1 2 AMPlitude COUPle STATe Return Parameter 1 ON 0 Off Example SOURce1 AMPlitude COUPle STATe 1 Amplitude coupling has been enabled Instrument SOURce 1 2 TRACk Command Description Turns tracking on or off Syntax SOURce 1 2 TRACk ON OFF INVerted Example SOURce1 TRACk ON Turns tracking on Channel 2 will track the changes of channel 1 Query Syntax SOURce 1 2 TRACk
63. REQ 10 0000 kHz FREQ 1 000000 kHz ARB Protection The protection function designates an area of the arbitrary waveform that cannot be altered Panel Operation 1 Press the ARB key ARB 2 Press F2 Edit Fa Va N 3 Press F5 Protect Css D 4 Press F2 Start Ce D 5 The Protect Start properties will become highlighted in red Protect Off 166 GW INSTEK APPENDIX wheel or number pad to enter 6 Use the arrow keys and scroll O the Protect Start address 7 Press F2 Enter to save the settings 8 Press Return to return to the previous menu 9 Repeat steps 4 8 for Length F3 10 Press F4 Done to confirm the protected area Bo Protect All 11 Press F1 ALL to protect the whole waveform 12 Press F1 Done to confirm D C Unprotect All 13 Press F5 Unprotect to unprotect the whole waveform 14 Press F1 Done to confirm ae oN gt 15 The waveform background will return back to black The property Protect Off be will grayed out 167 GW IASTEK AFG 2225 Series User Manual 168 Below the protected areas of the waveform are shown with an orange background Start 0 Length 100 CHT on soa CH2 OFF 50a ea FREQ 10 0000 kiz FREQ 1 000000 kiiz Protect Off Unprotect GW INSTEK APPENDIX Ouput an Arbitrary Waveform The arbitrary waveform generator can output up to 4k points 2
64. Rce 1 2 SUM SOURce INTernal EXTernal Example SOURT SUM SOUR EXT Sets the SUM source to external Query Syntax SOURce 1 2 SUM SOURce Return Parameter INT Internal 237 GW INSTEK AFG 2225 Series User Manual EXT External Example SOURT SUM SOUR INT The SUM souree is set to internal Source Specific SOURcef1 2 SUM INTernal FUNction Command Description Sets the shape of the modulating waveform from sine square triangle upramp and dnramp The default shape is sine Note Square and triangle waveforms have a 50 duty cycle Upramp and dnramp have a symmetry to 100 and 0 respectively Syntax SOURcef 1 2J SUM INTernal FUNction SINusoid SQUare TRlangle UPRamp DNRamp Example SOURT SUM INT FUN SIN Sets the SUM modulating wave shape to sine Query Syntax SOURce 1 2 SUM INTernal FUNction Return Parameter SIN Sine UPRAMP Upramp SQU Square DNRAMP Dnramp TRI Triangle Example SOURT SUM INT FUNC SIN The shape for the modulating waveform is Sine Source Specific SOURcef 1 2 SUM INTernal FREQuency Command Description Sets the modulating waveform frequency for internal sources The default frequency is set to 100Hz Syntax SOURece 1 2 SUM INTernal FREQuency lt frequency gt MINimum MAXimum 238 GW INSTEK APPENDIX Parameter lt frequency gt 2 mHz 20 kHz Example SOURT SUM INT FREQ MAX Sets the frequency to the maximum value Query Syntax SO
65. Return to return to the Return Return previous menu Setting the High 10 Repeat steps 4 9 for V High fa F2 e Point F2 152 GY INSTEK APPENDIX Setting the Center 11 Repeat steps 4 9 for Center C F3 D Point F3 Zoom 12 To zoom in from the center of F4 the arbitrary waveform press F4 Zoom in The Zoom in function will reduce the length by half each time the function is used The minimum allowable vertical low is 2 and the minimum vertical high is 2 13 To zoom out of the 5 waveform press F5 Zoom out The Zoom out function will increase the length by 2 The Vertical low maximum can be set to 511 and the vertical high maximum can be set to 511 Below the AbsAtan wave is with a vertical low of 511 a vertical high 511 and a center of 0 FREQ 10 0000 kHz FREQ 1 000000 kHz 153 GW INSTEK AFG 2225 Series User Manual Page Navigation Back Page Background Panel Operation When viewing the waveform the display window can be moved forward and backward using the Next Back Page functions 1 Press the ARB key ARB 2 Press F1 Display F1 D 3 Press F4 Back Page to move Er F4 the display window one view length backward H From H From Length Center Center Length Length until 0 Below shows the display after Back Page has been pressed H From 200 gt 0 Length 200 Center 300 gt 100 GW INSTEK APPENDIX CAD OF
66. SOURCe nnnnonnnnnnrnnenevnnnrvnenersrnnsrenessrsenenne SOURce 1 2 FM INTernal FUNCtion SOURce 1 2 FM INTernal FREQuency SOURCe 1 2 FM DEViation sonnvonrnernrnrrrennrrrnnrrrvererrenenne Frequency Shift Keying FSK Commands ESK OVEIWVIEW sss csescesecsdecetnsencdiccancadnssssaszisccostvesesbeesasoassaseaeds SOURCe 2 FSKey STAT cssccssecsssecsseeseeescteesseesseenses SOURCe 1 2 FS Key SOURCE oo eeeeeeseseeeeeeeeteeeeseeeeseeeenees SOURce 1 2 FSKey FREQuency SOURce 1 2 FSKey INTernal RATE sses Phase Modulation PM Commands ccsseeeeeeenneeeeeeees PM OVervIeEW si 2c05 ccs eS ecsde uacdussabedutessedeeverssuiesacsatedsssaneaaee sis SOURce 1 2 PM STATe SOURce 1 2 PM SOURCe nnnnnrrnnnronnvervnnevrenesrnnrrnessvsenenne SOURce 1 2 PM INTernal FUNGtiOn ossee SOURce 1 2 PM INTernal FREQuency SOURCe 1 2 PM DEViation 0 eeseeeeseeeeeeteeeeseeeeneeeenees SUM Modulation SUM Commands ssassn SUM OVEVI W 24 cs deseccoatest cccesecsccsctsteccestetbccestsdteccessisccneseis SOURce 1 2 SUM STATe SOURCe 1 2 SUM SOURCE ee eeesessetsseseseseeeeeeeeeeeneseaeaees SOURCce 1 2 SUM INTernal FUNCTION sesse SOURce 1 2 SUM INTernal FREQuency SOURCEfT 2 SUM AMPL cssssssssesesscscccssssssssssssssesevesseeseeees Frequency Sweep Command ccccsssescecsneetsceeeeteseeees Sweep OVErVIeW cece ees SOURce 1 2 SWEep STATe SOURCe 1 2 FREQuency STARCt eseese SOURcef 1 2 FREQuency
67. The maximum resolution is 100nHz for 1Hz 0 1Hz for 100MHz 1kQ 1 pf 35mVrms 30Vms 5Hz to 150MHz 10 Groups of Setting Memories USB Host amp Device TFT AC100 240V 50 60Hz Power Consumption 25 W Max 290 GW INSTEK APPENDIX Operating Temperature to satisfy the specification 18 Environment 28 C Operating temperature 0 40 C Relative Humidity lt 80 0 40 C Installation category CAT II Operating Altitude 2000 Meters Storage Temperature 10 70 C Humidity lt 70 Dimensions 266 W x 107 H x 293 D mm WxHxD Weight Approx 2 5kg Accessories GTL 101x 2 Quick Start Guide x1 CD user manual software x1 Power cordx1 1 Filter bandwidth 20MHz 3Db 2 Pulse amplitude will decrease when pulse width is lt 50ns 3 Square and Pulse can not be change Phase is 0 4 luHz 15 MHz Sine luHz 15 MHz Sine luHz 15 MHz Squa luHz 15 MHz Squa luHz 1 MHz Ramp luHz 1 MHz Ramp 291 GW INSTEK AFG 2225 Series User Manual EC Declaration of Conformity We GOOD WILL INSTRUMENT CO LTD No 7 1 Jhongsing Rd Tucheng Dist New Taipei City 236 Taiwan GOOD WILL INSTRUMENT SUZHOU CO LTD No 69 Lushan Road Suzhou New District Jiangsu China declares that the below mentioned product AFG 2225 Are herewith confirmed to comply with the requirements set out in the Council Directive on the Approximation of the Law of Member Sta
68. URece 1 2 SUM INTernal FREQuency Return Parameter lt NR3 gt Returns the frequency in Hz Example SOURT SUM INT FREQ MAX 2 0000E 04 Returns the modulating frequency 20kHz Source Specific SOURcef 1 2J SUM AMPL Command Description Sets or queries the amplitude of the modulating waveform from the carrier waveform The default phase amplitude is 50 Note If an external SUM source is selected the amplitude of the modulated waveform is controlled using the 5V MOD INPUT terminal on the rear panel A positive signal gt 0 5V will increase the AMPLitude up to the set amplitude whilst a negative voltage will reduce the amplitude Syntax SOURce 1 2 SUM AMPL lt percent gt minimum maximum Parameter lt percent gt 0 100 Example SOURT SUM AMPLitude 3 0000E 01 Sets the amplitude to 30 Query Syntax SOURce 1 2 SUM AMPLitude Return Parameter lt NR3 gt Returns the amplitude Example SOUR1 SUM AMPLitude 3 0000E 01 The current amplitude is 30 239 GW INSTEK AFG 2225 Series User Manual Frequency Sweep Commands Sweep Overview Below shows the order in which commands must be executed to perform a sweep Enable Sweep 1 Mode Select waveform 2 shape amplitude and offset Select Sweep 3 Boundaries Select Sweep 4 Mode 240 Turn on Sweep mode modulation using the SOUReef 1 2 SWE STAT ON command Use the APPLy command to s
69. X Example SOUR1 FM SOUR EXT Sets the modulation source to external Query Syntax SOURce 1 2 FM SOURce Return Parameter INT Internal EXT External Example SOURT FM SOUR INT The modulation source is set to internal Source Specific SOURcef 1 2 FM INTernal FUNCtion Command Description Sets the shape of the modulating waveform from sine square triangle upramp and dnramp The default shape is sine Note Square and triangle waveforms have a 50 duty cycle Upramp and dnramp have a symmetry of 100 and 0 respectively Syntax SOURce 1 2 FM INTernal FUNCtion SINusoid SQUare TRlangle UPRamp DNRamp Example SOUR1 FM INT FUNC SIN Sets the FM modulating wave shape to sine Query Syntax SOURcef 1 2J FM INTernal FUNCtion Return Parameter SIN Sine UPRAMP Upramp SQU Square DNRAMP Dnramp TRI Triangle Example SOURT FM INT FUNC SIN The shape for the modulating waveform is Sine 225 GW INSTEK AFG 2225 Series User Manual Source Specific SOURcef1 2 FM INTernal FREQuency Command Description Sets the frequency of the internal modulating waveform only The default frequency is 10Hz Syntax SOURcef 1 2J FM INTernal FREQuency lt frequency gt MINimum MAXimum Parameter lt frequency gt 2 mHz 20 kHz Example SOURT FM INT FREQ 100 Sets the modulating frequency to 100Hz Query Syntax SOURce 1 2 FM INTernal FREQuency MINimum MAXimum Return Parameter lt NR3
70. age Available 1 Not used 5 Standard Event 2 Error Queue 6 Master Summary 3 Questionable 7 Not used Data Query Example SRE 12 Returns the bit weight of the status byte enable register GW INSTEK APPENDIX System Remote Commands SYSTem LOCal System Command Description Sets the function generator to local mode In local mode all front panel keys are operational Syntax SYSTem LOCal Example SYST LOC SYSTem REMote System Command Description Disables the front panel keys and puts the function generator into remote mode Syntax SYSTem REMote Example SYST REM DISPlay ON OFF System Command Description Enable or disable the front panel display of function generator When disabled display does not display any content Due to disabling the front panel display the speed of executing commands from the remote interface will be improved Syntax DISPlay ON OFF Example DISPlay ON 199 GW INSTEK AFG 2225 Series User Manual Apply Commands The APPLy command has 5 different types of outputs Sine Square Ramp Pulse Noise The command is the quickest easiest way to output waveforms remotely Frequency amplitude and offset can be specified for each function As only basic parameters can be set with the Apply command other parameters use the instrument default values The Apply command will set the trigger source to immediate and disable burst modulation and sweep modes Turns on the
71. amp or triangle modulating waveshape For internal sources only Set the modulating frequency using the SOUReef 1 2 FM INT FREQ command For internal sources only 6 Use the SOURce 1 2 FM DEV command to set the frequency deviation 223 GW INSTEK AFG 2225 Series User Manual Source Specific SOURce 1 2J FM STATe Command Description Sets or disables FM modulation By default FM modulation is disabled FM modulation must be enabled before setting other parameters Note Burst or sweep mode will be disabled if FM modulation is enabled As only one modulation is allowed at any one time other modulation modes will be disabled when FM modulation is enabled Syntax SOUR 1 2J FM STATe OFF ON Example SOURT FM STAT ON Enables FM modulation Query Syntax SOURce 1 2 FM STATe Return Parameter 0 Disabled OFF 1 Enabled ON Example SOURT FM STAT 1 FM modulation mode is currently enabled Source Specific SOURce 1 2 FM SOURce Command Description Sets or queries the modulation source as internal or external Internal is the default modulation source Note If an external modulation source is selected modulation depth is limited to 5V from the MOD INPUT terminal on the rear panel For example if modulation depth is set to 100 then the maximum amplitude is 5V and the minimum amplitude is 5V Syntax SOURce 1 2 FM SOURce INTernal EXTernal GW INSTEK APPENDI
72. aveform The voltage level of the Trigger INPUT signal controls the output frequency when EXT is selected When the Trigger INPUT signal is logically low the carrier frequency is output and when the signal is logically high the hop frequency is output Panel Operation 1 Press the MOD key mon 2 Press F3 FSK TIGER 3 Press F2 Hop Freq HH 4 The Hop Freq parameter will become highlighted in the Waveform Display area 5 Use the arrow keys and scroll wheel or number pad to enter the hop frequency ODO oo SS GW INSTEK AFG 2225 Series User Manual 6 Press F1 F5 to select the a frequency range Range FSK Rate Waveform Carrier Frequency Sine wave luHz 25MHz Square wave luHz 15MHz Ramp wave 1uHz 1 MHz Pulse wave 500uHz 15MHz Default frequency 100Hz FSK Rate function is used to determine rate at which the output frequency changes between the carrier and hop frequencies The FSK Rate function only applies to internal FSK sources Panel Operation 88 1 Select the MOD key mon Press F3 FSK Cs Press F3 FSK Rate Cs The FSK Rate parameter will become highlighted in the waveform display area GW INSTEK APPENDIX Type FSK Source INT Hop Freq 100 000 Hz Anp F EE ee 5 The arrow keys and scroll OOO wheel or number pad to enter O the FSK rate 000 EE 6 Press F1 F4 to select the m r frequency unit CG
73. be used with the DC function however a value or DEFault must be specified The values are remembered for the next function used 204 GW INSTEK APPENDIX Syntax SOURcef 1 2J APPLy USER lt frequency gt lt amplitude gt lt offset gt Parameter lt frequency gt TuHz 60MHz lt amplitude gt 1mVpp 10Vpp 500 lt offset gt 4 99V 4 99V 500 Example SOURT APPL USER Source Specific SOURce 1 2 APPLy Command Description Outputs a string with the current settings Note The string can be passed back appended to the Apply Command Syntax SOURce 1 2 APPLy Return Parameter lt string gt Function frequency amplitude offset Example SOURT APPL SIN 5 0000000000000E 03 3 0000E 00 2 50E 00 Returns a string with the current function and parameters Sine 5kHz 3 Vpp 2 5V offset 205 GW INSTEK AFG 2225 Series User Manual Output Commands Unlike the Apply commands the Output commands are low level commands to program the function generator This section describes the low level commands used to program the function generator Although the APPLy command provides the most straightforward method to program the function generator the low level commands give you more flexibility to change individual parameters Source Specific SOURce 1 2 FUNCtion Command Description The FUNCtion command selects and outputs the selected output The User parameter outputs an arbitra
74. buffer when all pending operations have completed I e when the OPC bit is set Note Commands cannot be executed until the OPC query has completed Query Syntax OPC Return parameter 1 Example OPC 1 Returns a 1 when all pending operations are complete WAI System Command Description This command waits until all pending operations have completed before executing additional commands I e when the OPC bit is set Note This command is only used for triggered sweep and burst modes Syntax WAI 195 GW INSTEK AFG 2225 Series User Manual Status Register Commands CLS System Command Description The CLS command clears all the event registers the error queue and cancels an OPC command Syntax CLS ESE System Command Description The Standard Event Status Enable command determines which events in the Standard Event Status Event register can set the Event Summary Bit ESB of the Status Byte register Any bit positions set to 1 enable the corresponding event Any enabled events set bit 5 ESB of the Status Byte register Note The CLS command clears the event register but not the enable register Syntax ESE lt enable value gt Parameter lt enable value gt 0 255 Example ESE 20 Sets a bit weight of 20 bits 2 and 4 Query Syntax ESE Return Parameter Bit Register Bit Register 0 Not used 4 Message Available 1 Not used 5 Standard Even
75. cannot support the new frequency the highest duty cycle available at that frequency will be used A settings conflict error will result from the above scenario For square waveforms the Apply command and AM FM modulation modes ignore the duty cycle settings Syntax SOURce 1 2 SQUare DCYCle lt percent gt MINimum MAXimum 211 GW INSTEK AFG 2225 Series User Manual Example SOURT SQU DCYC MAX Sets the duty cycle to the highest possible for the current frequency Query Syntax SOURce 2 SQUare DCYCle MINimum MAXimum Return Parameter lt NR3 gt Returns the duty cycle as a percentage Example SOURT SQU DCYC 5 00E 01 The duty cycle is set 50 Source Specific SOURcef 1 2J RAMP SYMMetry Command Description Sets or queries the symmetry for ramp waves only The setting is remembered if the function mode is changed The default symmetry is 50 Note For ramp waveforms the Apply command and AM FM modulation modes ignore the current symmetry settings Syntax SOURce 1 2 RAMP SYMMetry lt percent gt MINimum MAXimum Example SOURT RAMP SYMM MAX Sets the symmetry to the 100 Query Syntax SOURce 1 2 RAMP SYMMetry MINimum MAXimum Return Parameter lt NR3 gt Returns the symmetry as a percentage Example SOURT RAMP SYMMetry 1 0000E 02 The symmetry is set as 100 212 GW INSTEK APPENDIX Source Specific OUTPut 1 2 Command Des
76. cncessiessitsccasseisssensensitarsvsesctsseesvacssneeseassacanes sees 56 Setting the Pulse Width s ssssnrvrvrrrrrrrrrererererererererererrrnener 57 Setting a Ramp Waveform merrnrervvvrrerverrrevvrrerererreserseresernes 58 Selecting a Noise Waveform nsneserrrsevvraserrrsserseresernes 59 Setting the Frequency c sscssssesssessstessoseesessssesossesesoessesees 60 Setting the Amplitude c ccsssssesesssssssessosssonsneaiencsesacesetaeves 62 Setting the DC Offset m nnssssssrsarsrerssssnerssssrsnssssnsasarssenesnes 63 54 GW INSTEK APPENDIX Select a Waveform The AFG 2225 can output 5 standard waveforms sine square pulse ramp and noise Sine Wave Panel Operation 1 Press the Waveformkey 2 Press F1 Sine 55 GW INSTEK AFG 2225 Series User Manual Square Wave Panel Operation 1 Press the Waveform key 2 Press F2 Square to create a Fa square waveform 3 Press F1 Duty The Duty CC parameter will be highlighted in the parameter window Li 1 FREO gt Y x 1 FREO gt 4 Use the arrow keys and scroll wheel or number pad to enter O the Duty range OOO fan 00 VS 5 Press F2 to select units 2 Range Frequency Duty Range lt 100kHz 1 0 99 0 100kHz lt 1 MHz 10 0 90 0 gt 1MHz 25MHz 50 Fixed TTL function is to set the amplitude of the current square wave at 2 5Vpp and DC Offset at 1 25Vdc 56 GW INSTEK APPENDIX C
77. cription Enables Disables or queries the front panel output from the selected channel The default is set to off Note If the output is overloaded by an external voltage the output will turn off and an error message will be displayed The overload must first be removed before the output can be turned on again with output command Using the Apply command automatically sets the front panel output to on Syntax OUTPut 1 2 OFF ON Example OUTP1 ON Turns the channel 1 output on Query Syntax OUTPut 1 2 Return Parameter 1 ON 0 OFF Example OUTP1 1 The channel 1 output is currently on Source Specific OUTPut 1 2 LOAD Command Description Sets or queries the output termination Two impedance settings can be chosen DEFault 500 and INFinity high impedance gt 10 kQ The output termination is to be used as a reference only If the output termination is set 50Q but the actual load impedance is not 50Q then the amplitude and offset will not be correct Note If the amplitude has been set and the output termination is changed from 500 to high impedance the amplitude will double Changing 213 GW INSTEK AFG 2225 Series User Manual the output termination from high impedance to 500 will half the amplitude If the output termination is set to high impedance dBm units cannot be used The units will default to Vpp Syntax OUTPut 1 2J LOAD DEFault INFinity Example OUTP1 L
78. ction mode Sine Square luHz 25MHz Ramp luHz 1MHz Pulse 500uHz 25MHz 207 GW INSTEK AFG 2225 Series User Manual Noise Not applicable User luHz 60MHz If the function mode is changed and the current frequency setting is not supported by the new mode the frequency setting will be altered to next highest value The duty cycle of square waveforms depends on the frequency settings 1 0 to 99 0 frequencys100 KHz 10 to 90 100 KHz lt frequency lt 1MHz 50 frequency lt 25 MHz If the frequency is changed and the set duty cycle cannot support the new frequency the highest duty cycle available at that frequency will be used A settings conflict error will result from the above scenario Syntax SOURce 1 2 FREQuency lt frequency gt MINimum MAXimum Example SOURT FREQ MAX Sets the frequency to the maximum for the current mode Query Syntax SOURce 1 2 FREQuency Return Parameter lt NR3 gt Returns the frequency for the current mode Example 208 SOURT FREQ MAX 1 0000000000000E 06 The maximum frequency that can be set for the current function is 1MHz GW INSTEK APPENDIX Source Specific SOURce 1 2 AMPlitude Command Description The SOURce I1 2 AMPLitude command sets the output amplitude for the selected channel The query command returns the current amplitude settings Note The maximum and minimum amplitude depends on the output ter
79. dded as a percentage of the carrier amplitude If SUM is enabled any other modulation mode will be disabled Likewise burst and sweep modes cannot be used with SUM and will be disabled when SUM is enabled GP 199 599m2 100 GW INSTEK APPENDIX Selecting SUM modulation For SUM modulation the modulated waveform amplitude and offset is determined by the carrier wave Panel Operation 1 Press the MOD key wo 2 Press F5 SUM SUM FREQ 1 000000 kHz AMPL 3 000 VPP Type SUM Source INT Shape Sine SUM Ampl 50 0 SUM Freq 100 000 Hz R 1 FREO gt SUM Carrier Waveform Background f The SUM carrier waveform is a sinewave by default Panel Operation 1 Press the Waveform key 2 Press F1 F5 to select the carrier waveform COD Range Carrier Waveform Sine square pulse ramp and noise wave 101 GW INSTEK AFG 2225 Series User Manual SUM Carrier Frequency The maximum carrier frequency depends on the selected carrier waveform The default carrier frequency is 1kHz Panel Operation 1 Press the FREQ Rate key to select the carrier frequency 2 The FREQ parameter will become highlighted in the parameter window FREQ 1 000000 kHz FREQ 1 000000 kHz Ka 3 Use the arrow keys and scroll wheel or number pad to enter the frequency OOO 006 PP 4 Press F1 F5 to select the a frequency units CD
80. de in the current channel are reflected in the other channel Tracking Example Tracking 1 Press UTIL Dual Chan F4 to enter the coupling function 2 Press Tracking F3 ON F2 to turn on the tracking function 3 When tracking is turned on parameters such as amplitude and frequency from the current channel are mirrored on the other channel 43 GW INSTEK AFG 2225 Series User Manual Menu Tree Conventions Use the menu trees as a handy reference for the function generator functions and properties The AFG 2225 menu system is arranged in a hierarchical tree Each hierarchical level can be navigated with the operation or soft menu keys Pressing the Return key will return you to the previous menu level Waveform Q Wa Vofo S GW INSTEK APPENDIX ARB Display Display Nox Page Back Page Clear Clear Enter Enter Length High Clear Clear Enter Enter Center Center Clear Clear Enter Enter Zoom in Zoom in Zoom out Zoom out 45 GW INSTEK AFG 2225 Series User Manual ARB Edit ARB Star ADD Al Clear Clear Clear Clear Done Enter Enter Enter Enter Start Data Start Data Length Length Clear Clear Clear Clear Clear Enter Enter Enter Enter Enter Sop ADD Clear Clear Enter Enter Stop Data Done Clear Enter Done ARB Built In om Length Clear Clear Clear Enter Enter Enter
81. der Colon A colon is used to separate keywords on each node Semicolon A semi colon is used to separate subcommands that have the same node level For example SOURcef1 2 DCOffset SOURcef1 2 OUTPut gt SOURcel DCOffset OUT Put Colon A colon and semicolon can be Semicolon used to combine commands from different node levels For example SOURce1 PM SOURce SOURce PULSe WIDTh gt SOURce1 PM SOURce SOURCce PULSe WIDTh Comma When a command uses multiple parameters a comma is used to separate the parameters For example SOURce APPLy SQUare TOKHZ 2 0 VPP 1V 188 GW INSTEK APPENDIX Command List System COM 0 EEE 193 SYSTEM ERROT Lananadens enn anken 193 PUDDING sevtssesseseaseszeaescoss System Remote Commands oii ccccsesecceondssaccoviensevteceneevesnene 199 SYST ers LOCal siscctssdiccssssetecasshurcinassineassstacenasivicenssstvesinsedhs 199 SYSTOMPREM O06 isorinis a oae 199 DISPlay ON OFF irpreni rarae adraia 199 Apply eg ae 200 SOURce 1 2 J APPLy SINusoid nrnvnvrvrrororerrrrrvrvrvarevrvrnrnne 202 SOURce 1 2J APPLy SQUare nnnnrnrnrnvrvrnererersvrrervenererevsrenee 202 SOURce 1 2 APPLy RAMP SOURcef 1 2 J APPLy PULSe SOURce l 2J APPLy NOIS6 sssi 204 SOURCefT 2 APPLy USER ceccscsssssssssssssssssssesesesesnsssssseseseees 204 SOURCefT 2 APPLy ssssssccscssssssssssssesesessseseeeseussssssseseeeees 205 Outp t So RER EE 206 SOURCefT 2 FU
82. e Amplitude Coupling 1 The following assumes that the amplitude has already been set to 4Vpp with a DC offset of 1Vdc 2 Press UTIL F4 Dual Com EG Chan to enter A coupling function 3 Press F2 Ampl Cpl HOEN F1 ON to select the amplitude coupling function 4 The amplitude and offset between both channel is coupled Any changes in amplitude in the current channel is reflected in the other channel Frequency Couple Type OFF Frequency Couple Offset OuHz Frequency Couple Ratio 1 000 Amplitude Couple ON Tracking OFF Tracking Example Tracking 140 GW INSTEK APPENDIX 1 The method for outputting a square wave has been previously described Use this method to output a 2kHz squarewave from CH1 with an amplitude of 5Vpp and a DC offset of 1Vde 2 Press UTIL F4 Dual Cun EG Chan to enter the coupling function 3 Press F3 Tracking EH or F2 On to turn on the tracking function 4 When tracking is turned on parameters such as amplitude and frequency from the current channel are mirrored on the other channel Frequency Couple Type OFF Frequency Couple Offset OuHz Frequency Couple Ratio 1 000 Amplitude Couple OFF Tracking ON 141 GW INSTEK AFG 2225 Series User Manual S_Phase Example S_phase 5 Press UTIL Dual Chan F4 to enter the coupling function 2 Press S Phase F4 turn on the S_Phase function 3 S_Phase function is to ma
83. e modulation in voltage is 5V then the frequency deviation would be equal to the set frequency deviation Lower signal levels reduce the frequency deviation while negative voltage levels produce frequency deviations with frequencies below the carrier waveform AMPL 3 000 Vepi AMPL 3 000 Type FM 1 FREO P 83 GW INSTEK AFG 2225 Series User Manual Frequency Shift Keying FSK Modulation Frequency Shift Keying Modulation is used to shift the frequency output of the function generator between two preset frequencies carrier frequency hop frequency The frequency at which the carrier and hop frequency shift is determined by the internal rate generator or the voltage level from the Trigger INPUT terminal on the rear panel Only one modulation mode can be used at once When FSK modulation is enabled any other modulation modes will be disabled Sweep and Burst also cannot be used with FSK modulation Enabling FSK will disable Sweep or Burst mode rv TE TEREE LY OP 542 728nz GW INSTEK APPENDIX Selecting FSK Modulation When using FSK mode the output waveform uses the default settings for carrier frequency amplitude and offset voltage Panel Operation 1 Press the MOD key woo 2 Press F3 FSK FREQ 1 000000 kHz FREQ 1 000000 kHz Ea AMPL 3 000 VpP AMPL 3 000 Ver 3 Hop Freq 10 0000 Hz EN FSK Car
84. e Burst or sweep mode will be disabled if FSK modulation is enabled As only one modulation is allowed at any one time other modulation modes will be disabled when FSK modulation is enabled Syntax SOURce 1 2 FSKey STATe OFF ON Example SOURT FSK STAT ON 228 GW INSTEK APPENDIX Enables FSK modulation Query Syntax SOURce 1 2 FSKey STATe Return Parameter 0 Disabled OFF 1 Enabled ON Example SOURT FSK STAT 1 FSK modulation is currently enabled Source Specific SOURce 1 2 FSKey SOURce Command Description Sets or queries the FSK source as internal or external Internal is the default source Note If an external FSK source is selected FSK rate is controlled by the Trigger INPUT terminal on the rear panel Syntax SOURce 1 2 FSKey SOURce INTernal EXTernal Example SOURT FSK SOUR EXT Sets the FSK source to external Query Syntax SOURce 1 2 FSKey SOURce Return Parameter INT Internal EXT External Example SOURT FSK SOUR INT The FSK source is set to internal Source Specific SOURce 1 2 FSKey FREQuency Command Description Sets the FSK hop frequency The default hop frequency is set to 100Hz Note For FSK the modulating waveform is a square wave with a duty cycle of 50 229 GW INSTEK AFG 2225 Series User Manual Syntax SOURce 1 2 FSKey FREQuency lt frequency gt MINimum MAXimum Parameter lt frequency gt 1 wHz 25MHz sine 1 wHz 15MH
85. e Disconnect the power cord before cleaning the function function generator generator e Usea soft cloth dampened in a solution of mild detergent and water Do not spray any liquid into the function generator Do not use chemicals containing harsh products such as benzene toluene xylene and acetone Operation e Location Indoor no direct sunlight dust free Environment almost non conductive pollution Note below and avoid strong magnetic fields e Relative Humidity lt 80 e Altitude lt 2000m e Temperature 0 C to 40 C GW INSTEK SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS Pollution Degree EN 61010 1 2010specifies pollution degrees and their requirements as follows The function generator falls under degree 2 Pollution refers to addition of foreign matter solid liquid or gaseous ionized gases that may produce a reduction of dielectric strength or surface resistivity e Pollution degree 1 No pollution or only dry non conductive pollution occurs The pollution has no influence e Pollution degree 2 Normally only non conductive pollution occurs Occasionally however a temporary conductivity caused by condensation must be expected e Pollution degree 3 Conductive pollution occurs or dry non conductive pollution occurs which becomes conductive due to condensation which is expected In such conditions equipment is normally protected against exposure to direct sunlight precipitation and full wind pressure but n
86. e is an error reading the Output Queue This can be caused by trying to read the Output Queue when there is no data present Device Error The Device Dependent Error indicates a failure of the self test calibration memory or other device dependent error Execution The Execution bit indicates an Error execution error has occurred Command The Command Error bit is set when Error a syntax error has occurred Power On Power has been reset 284 GW INSTEK APPENDIX The Status Byte Register Description The Status Byte register consolidates the status events of all the status registers The Status Byte register can be read with the STB query or a serial poll and can be cleared with the CLS command Clearing the events in any of the status registers will clear the corresponding bit in the Status Byte register Notes The Status byte enable register is cleared when the SRE 0 command is used The Status Byte Condition register is cleared when the CLS command is used Bit Summary Register Bit Bit Weight Error Queue 2 4 Questionable Data 3 8 Message Available 4 16 Standard Event 5 32 Master Summary 6 64 Request Service Status Bits Error Queue There are error message s waiting in the error queue Questionable The Questionable bit is set when data an enabled questionable event has occurred Message The Message Available bit is set Available when there is outs
87. e the Cz settings 9 Press Return to return to the C Return previous menu 150 GW INSTEK APPENDIX aul the 10 steps 4 9 for Length C F2 X eng te aCenter 11 ia steps 4 9 for Center C F3 X oin 7 Iv Zoom in 12 To zoom into the arbitrary Cr waveform press F4 Zoom In The Zoom In function will reduce the length by half each time the function is used The minimum allowable length is 3 Zoom out 13 To zoom out from the center AEC F5 D point of the waveform press F5 Zoom out The Zoom out function will increase the length by 2 The maximum allowable length is 4096 Below an arbitrary waveform has a start of 0 length of 200 and is centered at 100 CHT on son CH2 OFF 500 A FREQ 10 0000 kite FREQ 1 000000 kiiz i 151 GW INSTEK AFG 2225 Series User Manual Set the Vertical Display Properties Like the horizontal properties the vertical display properties of the waveform display can be created in two ways Setting high and low values or setting the center point Panel Operation 1 Press the ARB key ARB 2 Press F1 Display CG 3 Press F2 Vertical Ha oe the Low 4 Press F1 Low Low CG 5 The V_Low parameter will become highlighted f 6 Use the arrow keys and scroll N wheel or number pad to enter U the V_Low value OOO _ p 7 Press Clear F1 to cancel Ka F1 D Fe 8 a Enter to save the EG F2_ 9 Press
88. ecific SOURce 1 2 AM STATe Command Description Sets or disables AM modulation By default AM modulation is disabled AM modulation must be enabled before setting other parameters Note Burst or sweep mode will be disabled if AM modulation is enabled As only one modulation is allowed at any one time other modulation modes will be disabled when AM modulation is enabled Syntax SOURce 1 2 AM STATe OFF ON Example SOUR1 AM STAT ON Enables AM modulation Query Syntax SOURce 1 2 AM STATe Return Parameter 0 Disabled OFF 1 Enabled ON Example SOURT AM STAT 1 AM modulation mode is currently enabled Source Specific SOURcef 1 2 AM SOURce Command Description Sets or queries the modulation source as internal or external Internal is the default modulation source Note If an external modulation source is selected modulation depth is limited to 5V from the MOD INPUT terminal on the rear panel For example if modulation depth is set to 100 then the maximum amplitude is 5V and the minimum amplitude is 5V Syntax SOURcef 1 2J AM SOURce INTernal EXTernal 219 GW INSTEK AFG 2225 Series User Manual Example SOURT AM SOUR EXT Sets the modulation source to external Query Syntax SOURce 1 2 AM SOURce Return Parameter INT Internal EXT External Example SOURT AM SOUR INT The modulation source is set to internal Source Specific SOURcef 1 2J AM INTernal FUNCt
89. ect the signal of interest to the Frequency counter input on the rear panel 4 Input a 1kHz square wave signal into the Counter input on the rear panel Set the gate time to 15 137 GW INSTEK AFG 2225 Series User Manual Gate Time 1 Second Frequency Counter Value 1 0000000 kHz Frequency Coupling Example Frequency Coupling 1 Press UTIL F4 Dual Chan to enter the coupling function 2 Press F1 Freq Cpl to select the frequency coupling function 3 Press F2 Offset The offset is the frequency difference between CH1 and CH2 Use the number keys or scroll wheel to enter the offset There are two different coupling modes They are calculated as follows Offset CH2 CH1 Ratio CH2 CH1 138 GW INSTEK APPENDIX 4 Input an offset value of 1kHz aa TG Press F1 F5 to select the units The frequency of channel 2 becomes 2kHz CH2 CH1 Offset Pj AMPL 3 000 VPP Frequency Couple Ratio 1 000 Amplitude Couple OFF Tracking OFF 1 000000000 kHz Frequency Couple Type Offset 5 Change the frequency coupling mode to Ratio Set the ratio to 2 The frequency of CH2 automatically changes accordingly to match the ratio CH2 CH1 Ratio FREQ 1 000000 kiz FREQ 2 000000 kHz Frequency Couple Type Ratio Frequency Couple Offset OuHz Amplitude Couple OFF Tracking OFF 139 GW INSTEK AFG 2225 Series User Manual Amplitude Coupling Exampl
90. ed to generate a burst waveform Enable Burst Mode Configuration Choose Triggered Gated Mode Set Burst Count Set the burst period Set Burst Starting Phase M Select the trigger 250 1 2 Turn on Burst mode using the SOURce 1 2 BURS STAT ON command Use the APPLy command to select a sine square ramp pulse burst waveform Alternatively the FUNC FREQ AMPI and DCOffs commands can be used to create the burst waveform with a designated frequency amplitude and offset 2 mHz minimum for internally triggered bursts Use the SOURce 1 2 BURS MODE command to select from triggered or gated burst modes Use the SOURce 1 2 BURS NCYC command to set the burst count This command is only for triggered burst mode only 5 Use the SOURce 1 2 BURS INT PER command to set the burst period cycle This command is only applicable for triggered burst mode internal trigger Use the SOURce 1 2 BURS PHAS command to set the burst starting phase 7 Use the SOURecef 1 2 BURS TRIG SOUR command to select the trigger source for triggered burst mode only GW INSTEK APPENDIX Source Specific SOURcef 1 2 BU RSt STATe Command Description Turns burst mode on or off By default burst mode is turned off Note When burst mode is turned on sweep and any modulation modes are disabled Syntax SOURce 1 2 BURSt STATe OFF ON Example SOURT BURS STAT ON
91. either temperature nor humidity is controlled Storage e Location Indoor environment Relative Humidity lt 70 e Temperature 10 C to 70 C Disposal Do not dispose this instrument as unsorted municipal waste Please use a separate collection p facility or contact the supplier from which this instrument was purchased Please make sure discarded electrical waste is properly recycled to reduce environmental impact GW INSTEK AFG 2225 User Manual Power cord for the United Kingdom When using the function generator in the United Kingdom make sure the power cord meets the following safety instructions NOTE This lead appliance must only be wired by competent persons Mee THIS APPLIANCE MUST BE EARTHED IMPORTANT The wires in this lead are coloured in accordance with the following code Green Yellow Earth OF Blue Neutral a Brown Live Phase As the colours of the wires in main leads may not correspond with the coloured marking identified in your plug appliance proceed as follows The wire which is coloured Green amp Yellow must be connected to the Earth terminal marked with either the letter E the earth symbol or coloured Green Green amp Yellow The wire which is coloured Blue must be connected to the terminal which is marked with the letter N or coloured Blue or Black The wire which is coloured Brown must be connected to the terminal marked with the letter L or P or c
92. elect the waveform shape Alternatively the FUNC FREQ AMPI and DCOffs commands can be used to create a waveform with a designated frequency amplitude and offset Set the frequency boundaries by setting start and stop frequencies or by setting a center frequency with a span Start Stop Use the SOURce 1 2 FREQ STAR and SOURce 1 2 FREQ STOP to set the start and stop frequencies To sweep up or down set the stop frequency higher or lower than the start frequency Span Use the SOURce 1 2 FREQ CENT and SOURce 1 2 FREQ SPAN commands to set the center frequency and the frequency span To sweep up or down set the span as positive or negative Choose Linear or Logarithmic spacing using the SOURce 1 2 SWE SPAC command GW INSTEK APPENDIX Select Sweep Time v Select the sweep trigger source Select the marker 5 Choose the sweep time using the SOUReef 1 2 SWE TIME command 6 Select an internal or external sweep trigger source using the SOURcef1 2 SOUR command frequency 7 To output a marker frequency from the trigger out use The SOUReef 1 2 MARK FREQ command To enable marker frequency output use the SOUReef 1 2 MARK ON command The marker frequency can be set to a value within the sweep span Source Specific SOURcef 1 2 SWEep STATe Command Description Sets or disables Sweep mode By default Sweep is disabled Sweep modulation must be enabled before setting o
93. enerator will not output more than 5V regardless of the modulation depth The modulation depth of an external source is controlled using the 5V MOD INPUT terminal on the rear panel and not the SOUReef 1 2 AM DEPTh command Syntax SOURce 1 2 AM DEPTh lt depth in percent gt MINimum MAXimum Parameter lt depth in percent gt 0 120 Example SOURT AM DEPT 50 Sets the modulation depth to 50 221 GW INSTEK AFG 2225 Series User Manual Query Syntax SOURce 1 2 AM DEPTh MINimum MAXimum Return Parameter lt NR3 gt Return the modulation depth as a percentage Example SOURT AM DEPT 1 0000E 02 The modulation depth is 100 222 GW INSTEK APPENDIX Frequency Modulation FM Commands FM Overview The following is an overview of the steps required to generate an FM waveform Enable FM 1 Modulation Configure Carrier 2 Select 3 Modulation Source 4 Select shape Set Modulating Frequency Set Peak Frequency Deviation Turn on FM modulation using the SOUReef 1 2 FM STAT ON command Use the APPLy command to select a carrier waveform Alternatively the FUNC FREQ AMPI and DCOffs commands can be used to create a carrier waveform with a designated frequency amplitude and offset Select an internal or external modulation source using the SOURcef 1 2 FM SOUR command Use the SOUReef 1 2 FM INT FUNC command to select a sine square upramp dnr
94. equency Sweep The function generator can perform a sweep for sine square or ramp waveforms but not noise and pulse When Sweep mode is enabled Burst or any other modulation modes will be disabled When sweep is enabled burst mode is automatically disabled In Sweep mode the function generator will sweep from a start frequency to a stop frequency over a number of designated steps The step spacing of the sweep can linear or logarithmic The function generator can also sweep up or sweep down in frequency If manual or external sources are used the function generator can be used to output a single sweep 547 791Hz 108 GW INSTEK APPENDIX Selecting Sweep Mode The Sweep button is used to output a sweep If no settings have been configured the default settings for output amplitude offset and frequency are used Setting Start and Stop Frequency The start and stop frequencies define the upper and lower sweep limits The function generator will sweep from the start through to the stop frequency and cycle back to the start frequency The sweep is phase continuous over the full range sweep range 1uHz 25MHz Panel Operation 1 Press the SWEEP key 2 Press F3 Start or F4 Stop to Ea selelect the start or stop ts Cr frequency aa 3 The Start or Stop parameter will become highlighted in the waveform display area Start ESS T
95. ernal External Rising or Falling Selectable gt 100ns 10kQ DC coupled 289 GW INSTEK AFG 2225 Series User Manual External Modulation Input Type Voltage Range Input Impedance Frequency Trigger Output Type Level Pulse Width Maximum Rate Fan out Impedance Dual Channel Function Phase 3 Track Coupling Dsolink Burst Waveforms Frequency 4 Burst Count Start Stop Phase Internal Period Gate Source Trigger Source Trigger Delay Frequency Counter N Cycle Infinite Range Accuracy Time Base Resolution Input Impedance Sensitivity Save Recall Interface Display General Specifications Power Source For AM FM PM SUM 5V full scale 10kQ DC to 20kHz For Burst Sweep Arb TTL Compatible into 50Q gt 450ns 1MHz 24 TTL Load 500 Typical 180 180 Synchronize phase CH2 CH1 Frequency Ratio or Difference Amplitude amp DC Offset J Sine Squa Ramp Arb JuHz 15 MHz 1 to 65535 cycles or Infinite 360 to 360 Ims to 500s External Trigger Single External or Internal Rate Os to 655350ns 5Hz to 150MHz 180 180 Synchronize phase CH1 CH2 Frequency Ratio or Difference Amplitude amp DC Offset ll Sine Squa Ramp Arb TluHz 15 MHz 1 to 65535 cycles or Infinite 360 to 360 Ims to 500s External Trigger Single External or Internal Rate Os to 655350ns Time Base accuracy 1 count 20ppm 23 C 5 C after 30 minutes warm up
96. ernatively the number pad can be used to set the value of a highlighted parameter OOO OOO OOO 24 GW INSTEK APPENDIX How to use the Help Menu Background Every key and function has a detailed description in the help menu 1 Press UTIL 2 Press System F3 System 3 Press Help F2 Burst Function 50 Link 4 Use the scroll wheel to navigate to a help item Press Select to choose the item Keypad Provides help on any front panel key that is pressed Create Arbitrary Provides help on creating Waveform arbitrary waveforms Modulation Explains how to create Function Modulated waveforms Sweep Function Provides help on the Sweep function 25 GW INSTEK AFG 2225 Series User Manual Burst Function Provides help on the Burst function DSO Link Provides help on DSO link 5 For example select item 4 to see help on the sweep functions 6 Use the scroll wheel to navigate the help information Dual Dhannel Sweep Description D key to entry sweep mode Main Parameter Sweep Parameter e 7 Press Return to return to the previous menu 26 GW INSTEK APPENDIX Selecting a Waveform Square Wave Example Square wave 3Vpp 75 duty cycle 1kHz Output 1 Press Waveform and select Square F2 2 Press Duty F1 7 5 F2 Input N A 3 Press Freq Rate 1 kHz F4 4 Press AMPL followed awe Raa by 3 VPP F5 5 Press the Output key
97. eviation Source Carrier Waveforms Modulating Waveforms Modulation Frequency SUM Depth Source Type Input Level Slope Pulse Width Input Impedance 2mHz to 20kHz Int DC to 20kHz Ext DC to Max Frequency Internal External Sine Square Ramp Linear or Logarithmic luHz to Max Frequency Ims to 500s Internal External Manual Sine Square Ramp Pulse 50 duty cycle square 2mHz to 100 kHz INT DC to 100 kHz EXT luHz to Max Frequency Internal External Sine Square Ramp Sine Square Triangle Upramp Dnramp 2mHz to 20kHz Int DC to 20kHz Ext 0 to 360 Internal External Sine Square Ramp Pulse Noise Sine Square Triangle Upramp Dnramp 2mHz to 20kHz Int DC to 20kHz Ext 0 to 100 0 Internal External For FSK Burst Sweep TTL Compatibility 2mHz to 20kHz Int DC to 20kHz Ext DC to Max Frequency Internal External Sine Square Ramp Linear or Logarithmic luHz to Max Frequency Ims to 500s Internal External Manual Sine Square Ramp Pulse 50 duty cycle square 2mHz to 100 kHz INT DC to 100 kHz EXT luHz to Max Frequency Internal External Sine Square Ramp Sine Square Triangle Upramp Dnramp 2mHz to 20kHz Int DC to 20kHz Ext 0 to 360 Internal External Sine Square Ramp Pulse Noise Sine Square Triangle Upramp Dnramp 2mHz to 20kHz Int DC to 20kHz Ext 0 to 100 0 Int
98. f bytes is always twice the number of data points Syntax SOURce 1 2 DATA DAC VOLATILE lt start gt lt binary block gt lt value gt lt value gt Parameter lt start gt Start address of the arbitrary waveform lt binary block gt lt value gt Decimal or integer values 511 Example SOURce 1 2 DATA DAC VOLATILE 210 Binary Data The command above downloads 5 data values stored in 16 bytes using the binary block format SOURce 1 2 DATA DAC VOLATILE 1000 511 200 0 200 511 Downloads the data values 511 200 0 200 511 to address 1000 Source Specific SOURce 1 2 ARB EDIT COPY Command Description Copies a segment of a waveform to a specific starting address Syntax SOURce 2 ARB EDIT COPY lt start gt lt length gt lt paste gt Parameter lt start gt Start address 0 4095 lt length gt 1 4096 lt paste gt Paste address 0 4095 Example SOUR1 ARB EDIT COPY 1000 256 1257 Copies 256 data values starting at address 1000 and copies them to address 1257 262 GW INSTEK APPENDIX Source Specific SOURce 1 2 ARB EDIT DELete Command Description Deletes a segment of a waveform from memory The segment is defined by a starting address and length Note A waveform waveform segment cannot be deleted when output Syntax SOURce 1 2 ARB EDIT DELete lt STARt gt lt LENGth gt Parameter lt STARt gt Start address 0 4095 lt LENGth
99. face configuration 181 Remote interface Error messages nrereresvvevervrerrere 273 functionality check 182 SCPI registers 281 screen lock 182 SYNTAX eaen 184 terminal connection sosrvrereenne 182 Save and recall sososorererrrn 132 Save and Recall commands 271 SCPI registers 00 0 cece 281 Screen lock wees 182 Secondary System Settings 131 System and Settings 136 Service operation about disassembly snrrvrrrrvvrrr0 7 Set output impedance 143 Setting up the instrument 19 software download 0 182 Specifications eee 287 Status register commands 196 SUM commands Sweep commands System commands UK power Cord eee Updating Firmware 136 USB remote control interface 181 Warning symbol ervrvrorererererrne 6 GW INSTEK INDEX 307
100. ff Tracking Done Off On Inverted CH1 CH2 EEE CHt CH2 DSO Link 50 OHM Phase CH1 High Z S Phase CH2 Degree CH3 CH4 Search 51 GW INSTEK AFG 2225 Series User Manual Default Settings The Preset key is used to restore the default panel settings Output Settings Modulation AM FM FSK PM SUM Sweep 52 Function Frequency Amplitude Offset Output units Output terminal Carrier wave Modulation wave AM depth FM deviation FSK hop frequency FSK frequency PM phase deviation SUM amplitude Modem status Start Stop frequency Sweep time Sweep type Sweep status Sine Wave 1kHz 3 000 Vpp 0 00V de Vpp 50Q 1kHz sine wave 100Hz sine wave 100 100Hz 100Hz 10Hz 180 50 Off 100Hz 1kHz 1s Linear Off GY IANSTEK APPENDIX Burst Burst frequency 1kHz Ncycle 1 Burst period 10ms Burst starting phase 0 Burst status Off System Settings Power off signal On Display mode On Error queue Cleared Memory settings No change Output Off Trigger Trigger source Internal immediate Calibration Calibration Menu Restricted 53 GW INSTEK AFG 2225 Series User Manual Operation The Operation chapter shows how to output basic waveform functions For details on modulation sweep burst and arbitrary waveforms please see the Modulation and Arbitrary waveform chapters on pages 64 and 147 SE SE el EEE EE ENE 55 STEEN EE EE EE 55 Square Wave ci
101. for remote control Display When a remote connection is established all panel keys are locked bar F5 1 Press REM LOCK F5 to Cs return the function generator to local mode GU INSTEK APPENDIX 183 GW INSTEK AFG 2225 Series User Manual Command Syntax Compatible e JEEE488 2 1992 fully compatible standard e SCPI 1994 partially compatible Command Tree The SCPI standard is an ASCII based standard that defines the command syntax and structure for programmable instruments Commands are based on a hierarchical tree structure Each command keyword is a node on the command tree with the first keyword as the root node Each sub node is separated with a colon Shown below is a section of the SOURce 1 2 root node and the PM and PULSe sub nodes Root node SOURce 2 279 node PM PULSe 3 4 node SOURCE Shape PERiod WIDTh Command types Commands can be separated in to three distinc types simple commands compound commands and queries Simple A single command with without a parameter Example OPC Compound Two or more commands separated by a colon with without a parameter Example SOURcel PULSe WIDTh GW INSTEK APPENDIX Query A query is a simple or compound command followed by a question mark A parameter data is returned The maximum or minimum value for a parameter can also be queried where applicable Example SOURce1 FREQuency SOURce1 FRE
102. form Example ARB Mode Exponential Rise Start 0 Length 100 Scale 327 Output 1 Press ARB Builtin ans F3 Wave F4 Math F2 use the scroll wheel to select Exporise and then press Select F5 2 Press Start F1 0 q Return Enter F2 Return 3 Press Length F2 100 Enter F2 Return Geum 4 Press Scale F3 327 Enter F2 Return F Done F5 Qam ARB Add Point Example ARB Mode Add point Address 40 data 300 Output 1 Press ARB Edit F2 Point F1 Address 2 Press 4 0 Enter Return F2 Return 37 GW INSTEK AFG 2225 Series User Manual 3 Press Data F2 3 0 0 Enter F2 ARB Add Line Example ARB Mode Add line Address Data 10 30 50 100 1 Press ARB Edit F2 Line F2 Start ADD 2 Press1 0 Enter EG Return F2 Return 3 Press Start Data F2 aS 3 0 Enter F2 Return Return 4 Press Stop ADD F3 5 0 Enter F2 V Return Cetu 5 Press Stop Data F4 1 0 0 Enter F2 Return Done F5 Geum ARB Output Section Example ARB Mode Output ARB Waveform Start 0 Length 1000 Output 1 Press ARB Output are F4 2 Press Start F1 0 ser Ener Enter F2 Return Return 38 CEBI A 3 Press Length F2 1 0 0 Enter F2 Return ar Ceum 39 GW INSTEK AFG 2225 Series User Manual Util
103. g on the type of waveform produced different modulation parameters can be set Only one modulation mode can be active at any one time The function generator also will not allow sweep or burst mode to be used with AM FM Activating a modulation mode will turn the previous modulation mode off Amplitude Modulation AM sscdctsisssonersaciatinsnssanondesiedasiedns 66 Selecting AM Modulation sesvvrvrvrrvrvrvrrererererererererererrenenes 67 AM Carrier Shapers 67 Carrier Freque ney i icsccascssscesssocestascosesctssesnsansdnascensszceaees cose 68 Modulating Wave Shape s srsrsrrnrernrrvrvreravessvrvrrrrsrererererene 69 AM Frequency agree 70 Modulation Depth ccscscceccsssssesssssssssnssossssnsssossscessonsesesonee 72 Selecting the AM Modulation Source 73 Frequency Modulation FM ccccsssecccssssececseoeeeeceeeees 75 Selecting Frequency Modulation FM ccs 76 PM Carrier Shape ecgiccsssassccstecissnssccassesccaussavecessstvasseaeaeveasvevacs 76 EM C rri r Frequency siscs csscscsscsvessassasaies vris isete 77 EM Wave SH Ape sisssssssscisicevtzssesesacenisinetasssssarsscousntseatseseaesnse 78 EM FreQUGMCY scatidscszscsssssescconvsnsses snsueaseesseasessogesieaessastenssentee 79 Frequency DeviatiON siac ts sts cissscsccssesctcseass Sucsessvsasstsvevecetss3eec 81 Selecting FM Modulation Source rnrsereserererererererrrrrrenes 82 Frequency Shift Keying FSK Modulation 84 Selecting FSK Modulation sesr
104. ge and pulse width may be adjusted to supported levels Repetition rates will be approximated from the frequency For accurate repetition rates the period should be adjusted using the SOUReef 1 2 PULS PER command Syntax SOUR 1 2 APPLy PULSe lt frequency gt lt amplitude gt lt offset gt Parameter lt frequency gt 500uHz 25MHz lt amplitude gt 1mVpp 10Vpp 500 203 GW INSTEK AFG 2225 Series User Manual lt offset gt 4 99V 4 99V 500 Example SOURT APPL PULS IKHZ MIN MAX Sets frequency to 1kHz and sets the amplitude to minimum and the and offset to the maximum Source Specific SOURcef 1 2J APPLy NOISe Command Description Outputs Gaussian noise Amplitude and offset can also be set Note Frequency cannot be used with the noise function however a value or DEFault must be specified The frequency is remembered for the next function used Syntax SOURce 1 2 APPLy NOISe lt frequency DEFault gt lt amplitude gt lt offset gt Parameter lt frequency gt Not applicable lt amplitude gt 1mVpp 10Vpp 50Q lt offset gt 4 99V 4 99V 500 Example SOURT APPL NOIS DEF 3 0 1 0 Sets the amplitude to 3 volts with an offset of 1 volt Source Specific SOURcef1 2 APPLy USER Command Description Outputs an arbitrary waveform from the selected channel The output is that specified from the FUNC USER command Note Frequency and amplitude cannot
105. gs conflict infinite burst changed trigger source to MANual Example The trigger source is changed to Immediate from manual when infinite burst mode is selected 223 Settings conflict frequency forced duty cycle change Example If the frequency is changed and the current Duty cannot be supported at the new frequency the Duty will be automatically adjusted 275 GW INSTEK AFG 2225 Series User Manual 221 Settings conflict frequency reduced for ramp function Example When the function is changed to ramp the Output frequency is automatically reduced if over range 221 Settings conflict when amplitude coupling the other channel can t be set to power units Example The dBm units can not be used when amplitude coupling the other channel uses high_z load 221 Settings conflict coupling has forced tracking off Example When coupling mode is enabled tracking mode is automatically disabled 221 Settings conflict trace mode doesn t support ARB Example When ARB mode is enabled tracking mode is automatically disabled 221 Settings conflict The phase function doesn t support ARB square wave pulse waveforms Example The phase function doesn t support ARB 221 Settings conflict Burst function can not be performed under current setting Example A burst waveform cannot be generated with the noise or pulse waveforms 221 Settings conflict Sweep function can not be perfo
106. gt 1 4096 Example SOURce1 ARB EDIT DEL 1000 256 Deletes a section of 256 data points from the waveform starting at address 1000 Source Specific SOURce 1 2 ARB EDIT DELete ALL Command Description Deletes all user defined waveforms from non volatile memory and the current waveform in volatile memory Note A waveform cannot be deleted when output Syntax SOURce 1 2 ARB EDIT DELete ALL Example SOURT ARB EDIT DEL ALL Deletes all user waveforms from memory Source Specific SOURce 1 2 ARB EDIT POINt Command Description Edit a point on the arbitrary waveform Note A waveform waveform segment cannot be deleted when output Syntax SOURce 1 2 ARB EDIT POINt lt address gt lt data gt Parameter lt address gt Address of data point 0 4095 263 GW INSTEK AFG 2225 Series User Manual lt data gt Value data 511 Example SOURT ARB EDIT POIN 1000 511 Creates a point on the arbitrary waveform at address 1000 with the highest amplitude Source Specific SOURcef1 2J ARB EDIT LINE Command Description Edit a line on the arbitrary waveform The line is created with a starting address and data point and a finishing address and data point Note A waveform waveform segment cannot be deleted when output Syntax SOURece 1 2J ARB EDIT LINE lt address1 gt lt data gt lt address2 gt lt data2 gt Parameter lt addrress1 gt Address of data point
107. h lt Period 1 6 Edge Time Syntax SOURce 1 2 PULSe WIDTh lt seconds gt MINimum MAXimum Example SOURT PULS WIDT MAX Sets the pulse width to the maximum allowed Query Syntax SOURce 1 2 PULSe WIDTh MINimum MAXimur Return Parameter lt seconds gt 20 ns 1999 9 seconds Example SOURT PULS WIDT MIN 8 0000E 09 The pulse width is set to 8 nanoseconds 217 GW INSTEK AFG 2225 Series User Manual Amplitude Modulation AM Commands AM Overview To successfully create an AM waveform the following commands must be executed in order Enable AM 2 Turn on AM modulation using the Modulation SOURce 1 2 AM STAT ON command Configure Carrier 3 Use the APPLy command to select a carrier waveform Alternatively the equivalent FUNC FREQ AMPI and DCOffs commands can be used to create a carrier waveform with a designated frequency amplitude and offset Select 4 Select an internal or external modulation source Modulation using the SOURce 1 2 AM SOUR command Source 5 Use the SOURce 1 2 AM INT FUNC command to select a sine square upramp dnramp or triangle modulating waveshape For internal sources only Select Shape _ 6 Set the modulating frequency using the Set Modulating SOURcef1 2 AM INT FREQ command For Frequency internal sources only 7 Set the modulation depth using the Set eis SOURcef1 2 AM DEPT command ept 218 GW INSTEK APPENDIX Source Sp
108. he span or center The Span or Center parameters will become hightlighted in the waveform display area pr 1 000 Sec J Center 550 000 Hz famp Vi Marker State OFF 7 Marker 550 000 Hz 1 FREG 900 000000 Hz Type Sweep Linear Source INT Time 1 000 Sec Span 900 000 Hz 1 FREG gt 550 000000 Hz Use the arrow keys and scroll O wheel or number pad to enter the Span Center frequency OO Press F1 F5 to select the Start Stop frequency units Cr 111 GW INSTEK AFG 2225 Series User Manual Range Center frequency luHz 25MHz sine wave 1uHz 1MHz Ramp wave TluHz 15MHz square wave Span frequency DC 25MHz sine wave DC 1MHz Ramp wave 1pHz 15MHz square wave Default center 550Hz Default span 900Hz Note To sweep from low to high frequencies set a positive span To sweep from high to low frequencies set a negative span 112 GY INSTEK APPENDIX Sweep Mode Sweep mode is used to select between linear or logarithmic sweeping Linear sweeping is the default setting Panel Operation 1 Press the SWEEP key Press F2 Type To select linear or logarithmic sweep press Fl Linear or F2 G G Log Press Return to return to the previous menu Linear AMPL 3000 Vep AMPL 3000 VPP aS LO V Type Sweep Linear Source INT Time 1 000 Sec Start 100 000 Hz Stop 1 00000 kHz
109. iation in Hz gt MINimum MAXimum Parameter lt peak deviation in Hz gt DC 25MHz DC 15MHz square DC 1MHz Ramp Example SOURT FM DEV MAX Sets the frequency deviation to the maximum value allowed Query Syntax SOURce 1 2 FM DEViation MINimum MAXimum Return Parameter lt NR3 gt Returns the frequency deviation in Hz Example SOURece 1 2 FM DEViation MAX 1 0000E 01 Returns the maximum frequency deviation allowed 227 GW INSTEK AFG 2225 Series User Manual Frequency Shift Keying FSK Commands FSK Overview The following is an overview of the steps required to generate an FSK modulated waveform Enable FSK 1 Turn on FSK modulation using the Modulation SOUReef 1 2 FSK STAT ON command t Configure Carrier 2 Use the APPLy command to select a carrier waveform Alternatively the FUNC FREQ AMPI and DCOffs commands can be used to create a carrier waveform with a designated frequency amplitude and offset Select FSK Source 3 Select an internal or external modulation source using the SOURecef 1 2 FSK SOUR command 4 Set the hop frequency using the Select FSK HOP SOUR ce 1 2 FSK FREQ command Frequency 5 Use the SOURcef 1 2 FSK INT RATE Set FSK Rate command to set the FSK rate The FSK rate can only be set for internal sources Source Specific SOURce 1 2 FSKey STATe Command Description Turns FSK Modulation on or off By default FSK modulation is off Not
110. inal Normally a signal is logically true when it is high The logical level can be inverted so that a low signal is considered true Syntax SOURce 1 2 BURSt GATE POLarity NORMallINVertes Parameter NORMal Logically high INVertes Logically low Example SOUR1 BURS GATE POL INV Sets the state to logically low inverted Query Syntax SOURce 1 2 BURSt GATE POLarity Return Parameter NORM Normal High logical level INV Inverted low logical level Example SOUR1 BURS GATE POL INV The true state is inverted logically low 257 GW INSTEK AFG 2225 Series User Manual Source Specific SOURce 1 2 BURSt OUTPut TRIGger SLOPe Command Description Sets or queries the trigger edge of the trigger output signal The signal is output from the trigger out terminal on the rear panel The default trigger output slope is positive Immediate 50 duty cycle square wave is output at the start of each burst External Trigger output disabled Gated mode Trigger output disabled Manual A gt 1 ms pulse is output at the start of each burst Syntax SOURce 1 2 BURSt OUTPut TRIGger S LOPe POSitive NEGative Parameter POSitive Rising edge NEGative Falling edge Example Query Syntax SOURT BURS OUTP TRIG SLOP POS Sets the trigger output signal slope to positive rising edge SOURce I 2 BURSt OUTPut TRIGger SLOPe Return Parameter POS Rising edge NEG Fall
111. ing edge Example SOURT BURS OUTP TRIG SLOP POS The trigger output signal slope to positive GW INSTEK APPENDIX Source Specific OUTPut 1 2 TRIGger Command Description Sets or queries the trigger output signal on or off By default the signal is disabled When enabled a TTL compatible square wave is output Syntax OUTPut 1 2 TRIGger OFF ON Parameter OFF Turns the output off ON Turns the output on Example OUTP1 TRIG ON Turns the output on Query Syntax OUTPut 1 2 TRIGger Return Parameter 0 Disabled 1 Enabled Query Example OUTP1 TRIG 1 The trigger output is enabled 259 GW INSTEK AFG 2225 Series User Manual Arbitrary Waveform Commands Arbitrary Waveform Overview Use the steps below to output an arbitrary waveform over the remote interface Output Arbitrary 1 Use the SOURce 1 2 FUNCtion USER Waveform command to output the arbitrary waveform currently selected in memory Select Waveform 2 Use the APPLy command to select frequency Frequency amplitude and DC offset Alternatively the amplitude and FUNC FREQ AMPI and DCOffs commands offset can be used M Load Waveform 3 Waveform data 1 to 4096 points per Data waveform can be downloaded into volatile memory using the SOURcef1 2 DATA DAC command Binary integer or decimal integer values in the range of 511 can be used Set Waveform 4 The waveform rate is the product of the Rate number of poi
112. ion Command Description Sets the shape of the modulating waveform from sine square triangle upramp and dnramp The default shape is sine Note Square and triangle waveforms have a 50 duty cycle Upramp and dnramp have a symmetry of 100 and 0 respectively Syntax SOURcef 1 2J AM INTernal FUNCtion SINusoid SQUare TRlangle UPRamp DNRamp Example SOURT AM INT FUNC SIN Sets the AM modulating wave shape to sine Query Syntax SOURcef 1 2J AM INTernal FUNCtion Return Parameter SIN Sine UPRAMP Upramp SQU Square DNRAMP Dnramp TRI Triangle Example SOURT AM INT FUNC SIN The shape for the modulating waveform is Sine 220 GW INSTEK APPENDIX Source Specific SOURcef 1 2J AM INTernal FREQuency Command Description Sets the frequency of the internal modulating waveform only The default frequency is 100Hz Syntax SOURcef 1 2J AM INTernal FREQuency lt frequency gt MINimum MAXimum Parameter lt frequency gt 2 mHz 20 kHz Example SOURT AM INT FREQ 1 0000E 02 Sets the modulating frequency to 100Hz Query Syntax SOURce 1 2J AM INTernal FREQuency MINimum MAXimum Return Parameter lt NR3 gt Returns the frequency in Hz Example SOURT AM INT FREQ MIN 1 0000E 02 Returns the minimum frequency allowed Source Specific SOURce 1 2 AM DEPTh Command Description Sets or queries the modulation depth for internal sources only The default is 100 Note The function g
113. ious menu 12 Press F4 Done C F4 Below the file Memory0 is selected using the scroll wheel loaded to position 0 176 GW INSTEK APPENDIX a scot Memory Memory2 Memory3 Memory4 Memory5 Memory6 Memory Memory8 Memory9 CHT on soa OPS gaa FREQ 10 0000 kHz FREQ 1 000000 kHzj 3 ER 177 GW INSTEK AFG 2225 Series User Manual Load a Waveform from USB Panel Operation 1 Press the ARB key ARB fm 2 Press F5 More 5 3 Press F2 Load toad VG F2 4 Press F2 USB D 5 Use the scroll wheel to choose a file name 6 Press F1 Select to select the Ea Fi file to load 7 Press F3 To to choose the C F3 starting point for the loaded waveform 8 The Load To property will become highlighted in red 9 Use the arrow keys and scroll RN wheel or number pad to enter OO Vy the starting point OOO ER OO 7 I 10 Press F2 Enter to confirm the GF Start point je 11 Press F4 Done Fa D 178 GW INSTEK APPENDIX Below the file AFG CSV is selected using the scroll wheel loaded to position 0 panus NERE E FKP Es AFG CSV ODER OU S FREQ 10 0000 kHz FREQ 1 000000 kHzj AMPL 3 000 Ver AMPL 3 000 179 GW INSTEK AFG 2225 Series User Manual REMOTE INTERFACE Establishing a Remote Connection rrrrrvrvrrrvrvrrrvrrrrrrnnnr Configure USB interface oo ccc esseesesseseeteseseseeneenene
114. ity Menu Save Example Save to Memory file 5 1 Press UTIL Memory C um m Ea F1 Store F1 2 Choose a setting using the scroll wheel and press Done F5 Recall Example Recall Memory file 5 1 Press UTIL Memory C um Werner Recall F1 Recall F2 2 Choose a setting using the scroll wheel and press Done F5 GW INSTEK APPENDIX Frequency Counter Frequency Counter Example Turn on the frequency counter Gate time 1 second Output N A 1 Press UTIL Counter F5 Press Gate Time F1 and press 1 Sec A to choose a gate time of 1 second Connect the signal of interest to the Frequency counter input on the rear panel 41 GW INSTEK AFG 2225 Series User Manual Coupling Frequency Coupling Example Frequency Coupling 1 Press UTIL Dual Chan F4 to enter the coupling function 2 Press Freq Cpl F1 to select the frequency coupling function 3 Press Offset F2 The offset is the frequency difference between CH1 and CH2 Use the number keys or scroll wheel to enter the offset Amplitude Coupling Example Amplitude Coupling 1 Press UTIL Dual Chan F4 to enter the coupling function 2 Press Ampl Cpl F2 ON F1 to select the amplitude coupling function 42 GW INSTEK APPENDIX 3 Couples the amplitude and offset between both channels Any changes in amplitu
115. ive to using a specified number of cycles Gated mode uses the external trigger to turn on or off the output When the Trigger INPUT signal is high waveforms are continuously output When the Trigger INPUT signal goes low the waveforms will stop being output after the last waveform completes its period The voltage level of the output will remain equal to the starting phase of the burst waveforms ready for the signal to go high again Burst Mode Burst Count Burst Period Phase Trigger Source Triggered Int Available Available Available Immediate Triggered Ext Available Not used Available EXT Bus Gated pulse Ext Not used Notused Available Unused 119 GW INSTEK AFG 2225 Series User Manual In Gated mode burst count burst cycle and trigger source are ignored If a trigger is input then the trigger will be ignored and will not generate any errors Panel Operation 1 Press the Burst key 0 2 To select either N Cycle F1 or Gate F2 N Cycle 3 E Fi e 3 ar Burst Frequency In the N Cycle and Gated modes the waveform frequency sets the repetition rate of the burst waveforms In N Cycle mode the burst is output at the waveform frequency for the number of cycles set In Gated mode the waveform frequency is output while the trigger is high Burst mode supports sine square ARB or ramp waveforms Panel Operation 1 Press the FREQ Rate key 2 The FREQ parameter will become high
116. izontally Or tilt the stand Place the handle 4 vertically to hand t carry y a fb 19 GW INSTEK AFG 2225 User Manual Power Up 1 Connect the power cord to the socket on the rear panel Ea 2 Turn on the power switch on the front panel 3 When the power switch is turned on the screen displays the loading screen GU INSTEK Simply Reliable Since 1975 m qr The function generator is now ready to be used 20 GW INSTEK QUICK REFERENCE Quick REFERENCE This chapter describes the operation shortcuts built in help and factory default settings This chapter is to be used as a quick reference for detailed explanations on parameters settings and limitations please see the operation chapters How to use the Digital Inputs 0c scnsvisssvessionrcninnaravosenennes 23 How to use the Help Menu resernrnnenrrrnnnenvrnvnnnnsvevennneveesen 25 Selecting a Waveform EEE 27 Squ re Wave uiuumundhngiijgenduanennnarntubaulgtii 27 Ramp Wave sell Sine Wave EE sissi SRN EES N SIN EnS aeria 28 Modulation FSK Modulation PM Modulation SUM Modulators inne a 33 SWEE Pee A 34 BUrstausdrudgsrrsutebar ens dann E 35 AR Bircscuaicabhsvestes nette n a E Moet nhl i EE S 37 ARB Add Built In Waveform s servvrrerererrrrvrrrerererererererenne 37 ARB Add Pointissa ienn ARB Add Line sister ARB Output Section Utility EEE EEE SN EEE Recall siiret eaer ae eaa ARER EEEa Frequency Counter
117. k ac dc into 50Q for 20MHz 25MHz 5Vpk ac dc Open circuit for 20MHz 25MHz 2 of setting 10mV 0 5 of amplitude 50Q typical fixed gt 10MQ output disabled Short circuit protected Overload relay automatically disables main output lt 55 dBc DC 200kHz Ampl gt 0 1Vpp lt 50 dBc 200kHz 1MHz Ampl gt 0 1Vpp lt 35 dBc 1MHz 5MHz Ampl gt 0 1Vpp lt 30 dBc 5MHz 25MHz Ampl gt 0 1Vpp lt 25ns at maximum output into 50 Q load 5 1 of period 5 ns 1 0 to 99 0 lt 100kHz 10 to 90 lt IMHz 50 lt 25MHz lt 0 1 of peak output 0 to 100 0 1 Resolution 40ns 2000s 20ns 1999 9s lt 5 0 1 20ns 20ppm 10ns Sine Square Ramp Pulse Arb Sine Square Triangle Upramp Dnramp 2mHz to 20kHz Int DC to 20kHz Ext 0 to 120 0 Internal External Sine Square Ramp Sine Square Triangle Upramp Dnramp Sine Square Ramp Pulse Arb Sine Square Triangle Upramp Dnramp 2mHz to 20kHz Int DC to 20kHz Ext 0 to 120 0 Internal External Sine Square Ramp Sine Square Triangle Upramp Dnramp GW INSTEK APPENDIX Sweep FSK PM SUM External Trigger Input Modulating Frequency Peak Deviation Source Waveforms Type Start Stop Freq Sweep Time Source Carrier Waveforms Modulating Waveforms Modulation Rate Frequency Range Source Carrier Waveforms Modulating Waveforms Modulation Frequency Phase d
118. ke the phase synchronization between current channel and another channel Phase is 0 here S_Phase function is the same with S_Phase function under CH1 CH2 142 GW INSTEK APPENDIX Cuan NEL SETTINGS The channel settings chapter shows how to set the output impedance output phase and DSO connection settings Output Impedance scsssssesercrcssssressososonssesssanssececseseess 143 Selecting the Output Phase sesrrvrrrrrrrrrerererererererererrrrene 144 Synchronizing the Phase mm nmmssrrrrrreeevevnin 145 DSO Link seriinin a AE EA 146 Output Impedance Background Panel Operation Note The AFG 2225 has selectable output impedances 500 or high impedance The default output impedance is 500 The output impedances are to be used as a reference only If the actual load impedance is different to that specified then the actual amplitude and offset will vary accordingly 1 Press the CH1 CH2 key The load function can only be used if the ARB MOD SWEEP or BURST functions are not active 2 Press F1 Load Ea F1 143 GW INSTEK AFG 2225 Series User Manual Ampl DC Offset Y x 1 FREO gt Y P 1 FREQ gt 3 Select F1 50 OHM or F2 m High Z to select the output CD C impedance Selecting the Output Phase Panel operation 1 Press the CH1 CH2 key The phase function can only be used if the ARB Note MOD SWEEP or BURST functions are not active Square and P
119. lighted in the parameter window FREQ 1 000000 kHz FREQ 1 000000 kHz 3 Use the arrow keys and scroll wheel or number pad to enter the frequency OOO 4 Press F1 F5 to select the Ea i frequency unit Ce N UP 120 GW INSTEK APPENDIX Range Frequency_sine luHz 15MHz Freqency Ramp luHz 1MHz Freqency Square luHz 15MHz Default 1kHz Note Waveform frequency and burst period are not the same The burst period is the time between the bursts in N Cycle mode Burst Cycle Burst Count The burst cycle burst count is used to define the number of cycles that are output for a burst waveform Burst cycle is only used with N cycle mode internal external or manual source The default burst cycle is 1 Panel Operation 1 Press the Burst key Bust 2 Press F1 N Cycle Ct 3 Press F1 Cycles Ct 4 The Cycles parameter will become highlighted in the Waveform Display area CHT on soa OT grea FREQ 1 000000 kiz FREQ 1 000000 kiiz Type Burst N Cycle Source INT Trigger Out Rise Phase 0 0 Period 10 0000mSec Y Delay 0 00 uSec le 1 FREO p gt 1Cyc 121 GW INSTEK AFG 2225 Series User Manual 5 Use the arrow keys and scroll C wheel or number pad to enter the number of cycles O T OO DOC 1 LU 0 6 Press F2 to select the Cyc EE GER 2 unit Range Cycles 1 65535 Note Burst cycles a
120. mal Ref bit weight E eo E Output Buffer nm o Summary Bit RQS Standard Event Register Event Enable t psraton Complete 0 See EG sauen I gt 3 Device Error 3 a Execution Enor 4 5commandemr 5 O fe men 282 GW INSTEK APPENDIX Questionable Status Register Description The Questionable Status Registers will show if any faults or errors have occurred Bit Summary Register Bit Bit Weight Voltage overload 0 1 Over temperature 4 16 Loop unlock 5 32 Ext Mod Overload 7 128 Cal Error 8 256 External Reference 9 512 Standard Event Status Registers Description The Standard Event Status Registers indicate when the OPC command has been executed or whether any programming errors have occurred Notes The Standard Event Status Enable register is cleared when the ESE 0 command is used The Standard Event Status Event register is cleared when the CLS command or the ESR command is used 283 GW INSTEK AFG 2225 Series User Manual Bit Summary Register Bit Bit Weight Operation complete bit 0 1 Query Error 2 4 Device Error 3 8 Execution Error 4 16 Command Error 5 32 Power On 7 128 Error Bits Operation The operation complete bit is set complete when all selected pending operations are complete This bit is set in response to the OPC command Query Error The Query Error bit is set when ther
121. mination The default amplitude for all functions is 100 mVpp 500 If the amplitude has been set and the output termination is changed from 500 to high impedance the amplitude will double Changing the output termination from high impedance to 500 will half the amplitude The offset and amplitude are related by the following equation Voffset lt Vmax Vpp 2 If the output termination is set to high impedance dBm units cannot be used The units will default to Vpp The output amplitude can be affected by the function and unit chosen Vpp and Vrms or dBm values may have different maximum values due to differences such as crest factor For example a 5Vrms square wave must be adjusted to 3 536 Vrms for a sine wave The amplitude units can be explicitly used each time the SOURce 1 2 AMPlitude command is used Alternatively the VOLT UNIT command can be used to set the amplitude units for all commands 209 GW INSTEK AFG 2225 Series User Manual Syntax SOURce 1 2 AMPlitude lt amplitude gt MINimum MAXimum Example SOURT AMP MAX Sets the amplitude to the maximum for the current mode Query Syntax SOURce 1 2 AMPlitude MINimum MAXimum Return Parameter lt NR3 gt Returns the amplitude for the current mode Example SOURT AMP MAX 5 0000E 00 The maximum amplitude that can be set for the current function is 5 volts Source Specific SOURce 1 2 DCOffset Command Descripti
122. ms 500 s Example SOURT SWE TIME 1 0000E 00 Sets the sweep time to 1 second Query Syntax SOURce 1 2 SWEep TIME lt seconds gt MINimum MAXimum Return Parameter lt NR3 gt Returns sweep time in seconds 245 GW INSTEK AFG 2225 Series User Manual Example SOURT SWE TIME 2 0000E 01 Returns the sweep time 20 seconds Source Specific SOURce 1 2 SWEep SOURce Command Description Sets or queries the trigger source as immediate internal external or manual Immediate internal is the default trigger source IMMediate will constantly output a swept waveform EXTernal will output a swept waveform after each external trigger pulse Manual will ouput a swept waveform after the trigger softkey is pressed Note If the APPLy command was used to create the waveform shape the source is automatically set to IMMediate The OPC OPC command query can be used to signal the end of the sweep Syntax SOURce 1 2 SWEep SOURce IMMediate EXTernal MANual Example SOURT SWE SOUR EXT Sets the sweep source to external Query Syntax SOURce 1 2 SWEep SOURce Return Parameter IMM Immediate EXT External MANual Manual Example SOURT SWE SOUR IMM The sweep source is set to immediate 246 GW INSTEK APPENDIX Source Specific SOURcef 1 2 MARKer FREQuency Command Description Sets or queries the marker frequency The default marker frequency is 550 Hz The marker frequency i
123. mware version access the calibration options output impedance settings and frequency meter M N ARB is used to set the arbitrary N J waveform parameters l man V The MOD Sweep and Burst keys WY are used to set the modulation M IV sweep and burst settings and NG parameters Preset Key The preset key is used to recall a preset state Ve Output Key OUTPUT The Output key is used to turn on or off the waveform output Channel Select CH1 CH2 The channel select key is used to Key switch between the two output channels Output ports gr CH1 Channel 1 output port CH2 Channel 2 output port Power Button Turns the power on or off Arrow Keys Used to select digits when editing parameters 14 GW INSTEK GETTING STARTED Scroll Wheel The scroll wheel is used to edit values and parameters Decrease O Increase Keypad The digital keypad is used to enter values and parameters The keypad is often used in conjunction with the arrow keys and variable knob 0000 OOOO 0000 15 GW INSTEK AFG 2225 User Manual Rear Panel Power socket input Fan Input Terminals IT WARNING
124. nfigured to use an internal trigger N Cycle mode or an external trigger Gate mode using the Trigger INPUT terminal on the rear panel Using N Cycle mode each time the function generator receives a trigger the function generator will output a specified number of waveform cycles burst After the burst the function generator will wait for the next trigger before outputting another burst N Cycle is the default Burst mode The alternative to using a specified number of cycles Gate mode uses the external trigger to turn on or off the output When the Trigger INPUT signal is high waveforms are continuously output creating a burst When the Trigger INPUT signal goes low the waveforms will stop being output after the last waveform completes its period The voltage level of the output will remain equal to the starting phase of the burst waveforms ready for the signal to go high again assuming the Trigger polarity is not inverted Only one burst mode can be used at any one time The burst mode depends on the source of the trigger internal external manual and the source of the burst Function Burst Mode amp Source N Cycle Cycle Phase Triggered IMMediate BUS Available Available Available Triggered EXTernal MANual Available Unused Available Gated pulse IM Mediate Unused Unused Available burst count 249 GW INSTEK AFG 2225 Series User Manual The following is an overview of the steps requir
125. nrvrvrrrrrrvrrererererererererersrrrnener 85 ESK Carrier Shapers sitissesaccevssgivessesshacceascusasned ina itte 85 FSK Carrier Frequency ss cccicissscescsstsvedsaoxeessdsessevcsseasarsceabnatie 86 FSK Hop Freque ney sisecscssteccssssteccesnsstxcessstecesatevsscatssteceestete ex 87 FSKRateudnsamsindvasminisnik aan dasvenesecovedes disse 88 FSK SOUrceuumsussrmnerviemvierrnsdaessnissanstasskersksssnsdsken 90 Phase Modulation PM wiscciupssesicnnanineuntiwedavieiheemiecnnngesiednnerns 91 Selecting Phase Modulation PM vrsrrrrvrvrvrrererevrrrvrvvrvnnne 92 PM Carrier Waveform s ssessssssessessesreessesseesesseessessenssessesseesees 93 PM Carrier Frequency secnsensnenn inns aen ani 93 GW INSTEK APPENDIX PM Wave Shape sssssccsssscssssesssassevesis constsusscsasgeastovsasvesavesiacdsves PM FFeQUOMCY csccescesssacecsssseeossastuceseseceansicsstassosesatesnenveassnasy Phase Deviation see Select the PM Source SUM modulation errrnrnnrrrrnnrrvrnrrrnnerrrnnersnnnersrenrrnnssersseee Selecting SUM Modulation tees 101 SUM Carrier Waveform SUM Carrier Frequency SUM Waveform s senrvrvvvvrvrvrrrnenenenesnne Modulating Waveform Frequency srnrvrvvnvrvrvrvrvrrrnenenenrenne 104 SUM Amplitude ssiscsccscastsccsvsssssseves ca sesvedescasvesassssesseassoesseedies 105 Select the SUM Amplitude Source nnnnrrvrerererererrverererrenr 106 Frequency SWEEP esters iaeiiio 108 Selecting Sweep Mode nmnnrnrererenrvrv
126. ns Remote control terminal connection Command SyNtax s rsesssscscesssecssosesesasasissoassssurersosavonrsosssosnsts 180 GW INSTEK APPENDIX Establishing a Remote Connection The AFG 2225 supports USB remote connections Configure USB interface USB PC side connector Type A host configuration arc o905 side Type Bp slave connector Speed 1 1 2 0 full speed Panel Operation 1 Connect the USB cable to the rear panel USB B slave port 2 When the PC asks for the USB driver select XXXXXXX inf included in the software package or download the driver from the GW website www gwinstek com 181 GW INSTEK AFG 2225 Series User Manual Remote control terminal connection Terminal Invoke the terminal application such as MTTTY application Multi Threaded TTY For USB set the COM port baud rate stop bit data bit and parity accordingly To check the COM port No see the Device Manager in the PC For WinXP Control panel System Hardware tab Functionality Run this query command via the terminal check idn This should return the Manufacturer Model number Serial number and Firmware version in the following format GW INSTEK AFG 2225 SN XXXXXXXX Vm mm Note j or m can be used as the terminal character when using a terminal program PC Software The proprietary PC software downloadable from GWInstek website can be used
127. nt CAUTION e Avoid severe impact or rough handling that may damage the function generator e Avoid discharges of static electricity on or near the function generator e Use only mating connectors not bare wires for the terminals e The instrument should only be disassembled by a qualified technician Measurement categories EN 61010 1 2010 specifies the measurement categories and their requirements as follows The AFG 2225 falls under category II e Measurement category IV is for measurement performed at the source of a low voltage installation e Measurement category Ill is for measurement performed in a building installation e Measurement category II is for measurement performed on circuits directly connected to a low voltage installation e Measurement category I is for measurements performed on circuits not directly connected to Mains AC Input voltage 100 240V AC 50 60Hz AN e Connect the protective grounding conductor of WARNING the AC power cord to an earth ground to prevent electric shock Power Supply GW INSTEK AFG 2225 User Manual Fuse e Fuse type FLA 250V e Only qualified technicians should replace the WARNING fuge e To ensure fire protection replace the fuse only with the specified type and rating e Disconnect the power cord and all test leads before replacing the fuse e Make sure the cause of fuse blowout is fixed before replacing the fuse Cleaning the
128. nts in the waveform and the waveform frequency Rate Hz x points Range Rate 120MHz Frequency 60MHz points 1 4096 260 GW INSTEK APPENDIX Source Specific SOURce 1 2 FUNCtion USER Command Description Use the SOURce 1 2 FUNCtion USER command to output the arbitrary waveform currently selected in memory The waveform is output with the current frequency amplitude and offset settings Syntax SOURce 1 2 FUNCtion USER Example SOURT FUNC USER Selects and outputs the current waveform in memory Source Specific SOURce 1 2 DATA DAC Command Description The SOURce 1 2 DATA DAC command is used to download binary or decimal integer values into memory using the IEEE 488 2 binary block format or as an ordered list of values Note The integer values 511 correspond to the maximum and minimum peak amplitudes of the waveform For instance for a waveform with an amplitude of 5Vpp 0 offset the value 511is the equivalent of 2 5 Volts If the integer values do not span the full output range the peak amplitude will be limited The IEEE 488 2 binary block format is comprised of three parts 7 2097152 1 Initialization character 12 3 2 Digit length in ASCII of the number of bytes 3 Number of bytes IEEE 488 2 uses two bytes to represent waveform 261 GW INSTEK AFG 2225 Series User Manual data 16 bit integer Therefore the number o
129. o the carrier of the signal that is added to the carrier Panel Operation 1 Press the MOD key mon 2 Press F5 SUM EA 3 Press F2 SUM Ampl Sov ar il D 4 In the waveform display area the SUM Ampl will be highlighted Shape Sine SUM Freg 100 000 Hz 5 Use the arrow keys and scroll wheel or number pad to enter the SUM amplitude ODO OG oo Range Sum amplitude 0 100 Default amplitude 50 105 GW INSTEK AFG 2225 Series User Manual Select the SUM Amplitude Source The signal generator can accept internal or external sources for the SUM amplitude modulation Panel Operation 1 Press the MOD key mon 2 Press F5 SUM SUM 5 3 Press F1 Source C F1 4 Press F1 INT or F2 EXT to Ne GE select the source CA 5 Press Return to return to the Return previous menu External Source Use the MOD INPUT terminal on the rear panel when using an external source Note If an external modulation source is selected the SUM amplitude is controlled by the 5V from the MOD INPUT terminal on the rear panel For example if the SUM amplitude is set to 0 then the maximum amplitude 100 of the carrier will be at 5V and the minimum amplitude 0 of the carrier will be at 5V 106 GW INSTEK APPENDIX FREQ 1 000000 kHz FREQ 1 000000 kHz Pi 1 FREO gt 107 GW INSTEK AFG 2225 Series User Manual Fr
130. oloured Brown or Red If in doubt consult the instructions provided with the equipment or contact the supplier This cable appliance should be protected by a suitably rated and approved HBC mains fuse refer to the rating information on the equipment and or user instructions for details As a guide a cable of 0 75mm should be protected by a 3A or 5A fuse Larger conductors would normally require 13A types depending on the connection method used Any exposed wiring from a cable plug or connection that is engaged in a live socket is extremely hazardous If a cable or plug is deemed hazardous turn off the mains power and remove the cable any fuses and fuse assemblies All hazardous wiring must be immediately destroyed and replaced in accordance to the above standard GW INSTEK GETTING STARTED G ETTING STARTED The Getting started chapter introduces the function generator s main features appearance set up procedure and power up Main Features Model name Frequency bandwidth AFG 2225 25MHz Performance e DDS Function Generator series Features 1pHz high frequency resolution maintained at full range 20ppm frequency stability Arbitrary Waveform Capability 120 MSa s sample rate 60 MSa s repetition rate 4k point waveform length 10 groups of 4k waveform memories True waveform output to display User defined output section DWR Direct Waveform Reconstruction capability Waveform editing via PC Sine Sq
131. on Sets or queries the DC offset for the current mode Note The offset parameter can be set to MINimum MAXimum or DEFault The default offset is 0 volts The offset is limited by the output amplitude as shown below Voffset lt Vmax Vpp 2 If the output specified is out of range the maximum offset will be set The offset is also determined by the output termination 500 or high impedance If the offset has been set and the output termination has changed from 500 to high impedance the offset will double Changing the output termination from high impedance to 500 will half the offset 210 GW INSTEK APPENDIX Syntax SOURce 1 2 DCOffset lt offset gt MINimum MAXimum Example SOUR1 DCO MAX Sets the offset to the maximum for the current mode Query Syntax SOURce 1 2 DCOffset MINimum MAXimum Return Parameter lt NR3 gt Returns the offset for the current mode Example SOUR1 DCO 3 0000E 00 The offset for the current mode is set to 3 volts Source Specific SOURce 1 2 SQUare DCYCle Command Description Sets or queries the duty cycle for square waves only The setting is remembered if the function mode is changed The default duty cycle is 50 Note The duty cycle of square waveforms depend on the frequency settings 1 0 to 99 0 frequencys100 KHz 10 to 90 100 KHz lt frequency lt 1MHz 50 frequency lt 25 MHz If the frequency is changed and the set duty cycle
132. on below for details Angled brackets are not sent with the command Bars Bars are used to separate multiple parameter choices in the command format Parameters Type Description Example lt Boolean gt Boolean logic 0 1 ON OFF lt NRI gt integers 0 1 2 3 lt NR2 gt decimal numbers 0 1 3 14 8 5 lt NR3 gt floating point 4 5e 1 8 25e 1 lt NRf gt any of NR1 2 3 1 1 5 4 5e 1 186 GW INSTEK APPENDIX lt NRf gt NRf type witha 1 1 5 4 5e 1 lt Numeric gt suffix including MAX MIN MINimum MAXimum or DEFault parameters lt aard gt Arbitrary ASCII characters lt discrete gt Discrete ASCII IMM EXT character MAN parameters lt frequency gt NRf type 1 KHZ 1 0 HZ lt peak deviation including MHZ in Hz gt frequency unit suffixes lt rate in Hz gt lt amplitude gt NRf type VPP including voltage peak to peak lt offset gt NRf type V including volt unit suffixes lt seconds gt NRf type NS S MS US including time unit suffixes lt percent gt NRf type N A lt depth in percent gt Message LF CR line feed code new line and terminators carriage return LF line feed code new line EOI IEEE 488 EOI End Or Identify A ice Aj or Am should be used when using a terminal program 187 GW INSTEK AFG 2225 Series User Manual Command Space A space is used to separate a Separators parameter from a keyword command hea
133. on generator can set the carrier frequency amplitude and offset as well as internal or external modulation sources v Lh SE 200 003Hz DETS A Selecting AM Modulation Panel Operation 1 Press the MOD key on 2 Press F1 AM Shape Sine AM Depth 100 0 AM Carrier Shape Background Sine square ramp pulse or arbitrary waveforms can be used as the carrier shape The default waveform shape is set to sine Noise is not available as a carrier shape Before the carrier shape can be selected choose AM modulation mode see above Select a Standard 1 Press the Waveform key vaveton Carrier Shape 2 Press F1 F4 to choose the carrier wave shape Cr mem 67 GW INSTEK AFG 2225 Series User Manual Select an 3 See the Arbitrary waveform Page 37 Arbitrary quick reference or chapter to Page 147 Waveform Carrier use an arbitrary waveform Shape Range AM Carrier Shape sine square Ramp Pulse arbitrary waveform Carrier Frequency The maximum carrier frequency depends on the carrier shape selected The default carrier frequency for all carrier shapes is 1kHz Panel Operation 1 Witha carrier waveform selected press the FREQ Rate key 2 The FREQ parameter will become highlighted in the parameter window Type AM Source INT Shape Sine AM Depth 100 0 3 Use the arrow keys and scroll wheel or number pad to ente
134. or Use the arrow keys and scroll wheel or number pad to enter the phase deviation OOO Press F1 to select the phase CG units 97 GW INSTEK AFG 2225 Series User Manual Range Phase deviation shift 0 360 Defualt phase 180 Select the PM Source The function generator excepts internal or external sources for phase modulation The default source is internal Panel Operation 1 Press the MOD key 2 Press F4 PM ma Cr 3 Press F1 Source CC 4 Press F1 INT or F2 EXT to mo select the source GF DN Cr rm KR A Se J 5 Press return to return to the Return previous menu External Source Use the MOD INPUT terminal on the rear panel when using an external source Note If the modulation source is set to external the phase deviation is controlled by the 5V MOD INPUT terminal on the rear panel For example if the modulation voltage is 5V then the phase deviation is equal to the phase deviation setting If the modulation voltage is less than 5V then the phase deviation will be less than the phase deviation setting 98 GW INSTEK APPENDIX INT FREQ 1 000000 kHz FREQ 1 000000 kHz EXT Offset Fr 1 FREO gt GW INSTEK AFG 2225 Series User Manual SUM modulation Sum modulation adds a modulating signal to a carrier wave Typically sum modulation is used to add noise to a carrier wave The modulating signal is a
135. orm depends on the carrier frequency the output amplitude and offset voltage Panel Operation 1 Press the MOD key mon 2 Press F2 FM P 1 FREO P FMCarrier Shape Background The default waveform shape is set to sine Noise and pulse waveforms cannot be used as a carrier wave Panel Operation 1 Press the Waveform key 2 Press F1 F4 to select the EB carrier shape a P GO Range Carrier Shape Sine Square Ramp 76 GW INSTEK APPENDIX FM Carrier Frequency When using the AFG 2225 function generator the carrier frequency must be equal to or greater than the frequency deviation If the frequency deviation is set to value greater than the carrier frequency the deviation is set to the maximum allowed The maximum frequency of the carrier wave depends on the waveform shape chosen Panel Operation 1 To select the carrier frequency press the FREQ Rate key 2 The FREQ parameter will become highlighted in the parameter window Type FM Source INT Shape Sine FM Freq 100 000 Hz ampi Y FM Dev 100 000 Hz ocon 3 Use the arrow keys and scroll wheel or number pad to enter the carrier frequency OO oG PP Va N Fs 4 Press F1 F5 to select the an frequency unit N A F1 F Range Carrier Shape Carrier Frequency GW INSTEK AFG 2225 Series User Manual Sine luHz 25MH Square luHz 15MHz Ramp
136. output commandOUTPut 1 2 ON The termination setting will not be changed As the frequency amplitude and offset parameters are in nested square brackets amplitude can only be specified if the frequency has been specified and offset can only be specified if amplitude has been set For the example SOUReef 1 2 APPLy SINusoid lt frequency gt lt amplitude gt lt offset gt Output Frequency For the output frequency MINimum MAXimum and DEFault can be used The default frequency for all functions is set to 1 kHz The maximum and minimum frequency depends on the function used If a frequency output that is out of range is specified the max min frequency will be used instead A Data out range error will be generated from the remote terminal GW INSTEK APPENDIX When setting the amplitude MINimum MAXimum and DEFault can be used The range depends on the function being used and the output termination 500 or high impedance The default amplitude for all functions is 100 mVpp 50Q Output Amplitude If the amplitude has been set and the output termination is changed from 500 to high impedance the amplitude will double Changing the output termination from high impedance to 500 will half the amplitude Vrms dBm or Vpp units can be used to specify the output unit to use with the current command The VOLT UNIT command can be used to set the units when no unit is specified with the Apply command If
137. peration 1 Select the MOD key 2 Press F4 PM GR 3 Press F4 Shape Ce 4 Press F1 F5 to select a i waveform shape Co gt G 5 Press Return to return to the Return previous menu Range Waveform Square wave 50 Duty Cycle Up Ramp 100 Symmetry Triangle 50 Symmetry Dn Ramp 0 Symmetry 94 GW INSTEK APPENDIX FREQ 1 000000 kite FREQ 1 000000 kHz Source INT 4 Shape Sine Phase Dev 180 0 amps Vie I PM Freq 100 000 Hz pc ord UpRamp 1 FREO P PM Frequency The frequency of the modulation waveform PM Frequency can be set from 2mHz to 20kHz Panel Operation 1 Press the MOD key 2 Press F4 PM 3 Press F3 PM Freg 4 The PM Freq parameter will become highlighted in the Waveform Display area 95 GW IASTEK AFG 2225 Series User Manual Type PM Source INT Shape Sine Phase Dev 180 0 the PM frequency OO 000 Press F1 F3 to select the m frequency unit range CDO C Range 96 Modulation frequency 2mHz 20kHz Default frequency 100Hz GW INSTEK APPENDIX Phase Deviation The maximum phase deviation depends on the the carrier wave frequency and the modulated waveform Panel operation 1 Press F4 PM Cr Press F2 Phase Dev The Phase Dev parameter will become Press the MOD key woo highlighted in the waveform display area Source INT Shape Sine PM Freq 100 000 Hz p
138. ponential rise Gauss A waveform representing a gaussian bell curve Ln The logarithm function Lorentz The derivative of the lorentz function y 1 k x1 2 1 Sec The basic trigonometric function 299 GW INSTEK AFG 2225 Series User Manual Sech The basic trigonometric function Sinec y sin x x Sinh The basic trigonometric function Sqrt y sqrt x Tan The basic trigonometric function Tanh The basic trigonometric function 300 GY INSTEK APPENDIX Xsquare Parabola 301 GW INSTEK AFG 2225 Series User Manual Window Barthannwin Bartlett Blackman Bohmanwin Chebyshev Flattopwin 302 Modified Bartlett Hann window The Bartlett window is very similar to a triangular window as returned by the triang function The blackman window function The bohman window function The chebyshev window function The flattopwin window function GW INSTEK APPENDIX Hamming Hann Hanning Kaiser Triang Tukeywin The hamming window function The hann window function The hanning window function The kaiser window function The triang window function The tukey window function 303 GW INSTEK AFG 2225 Series User Manual Engineer Airy The airy function Bessel The bessel function i Beta The beta function Gamm The gamma function i E Legendre Associated Legendre functions Neumann The neumann function 304 GW INSTEK APPE
139. r the carrier frequency 68 GW INSTEK APPENDIX 4 Press F1 F5 to select the E frequency range C Range Carrier Shape Carrier Frequency Sine wave TwHz 25MHz Square wave TWwHz 25MHz Ramp wave 1uHz 1MHz Pulse wave 500uHz 25MHz Default frequency 1 kHz Modulating Wave Shape The function generator can accept internal as well as external sources The AFG 2225 has sine square triangle up ramp and down ramp modulating waveform shapes Sine waves are the default wave shape Panel Operation 1 Press the MOD key 2 Press F1 AM C Fi 3 Press F4 Shape Cra 4 Press F1 F5 to select the a waveform shape 5 Press Return to return to the Return previous menu Note Square wave 50 Duty cycle UpRamp 100 Symmetry Triangle 50 Symmetry DnRamp 0 Symmetry 69 GW INSTEK AFG 2225 Series User Manual FREQ 1 000000 kHz FREQ 1 000000 kHz EN AMPL 3 000 Verk AMPL 3 000 Ver Ea AM Depth 100 0 Ampi Fei nnipnnnnn AM Freq 100 000 Hz pc on UpRamp Type AM m Source INT Triangle Shape Sine ar lj 1 FREO f AM Frequency The frequency of the modulation waveform AM Frequency can be set from 2mHz to 20kHz Panel Operation 1 Press the MOD key 2 Press F1 AM AM 3 Press F3 AM Freq Amra 4 The AM Freq parameter will become highlighted in the Waveform display area 70 GW INSTEK APPENDIX Source INT Shape Sine AM Depth 100
140. r of cycles If a trigger signal is received during a burst it is ignored When using the manual or external trigger only the burst phase and burst cycle count are applicable the burst period is not used A time delay can be inserted after each trigger before the start of a burst 127 GW INSTEK AFG 2225 Series User Manual Burst Delay Panel Operation 1 Press the Burst key Burst x 2 Press F1 N Cycle GP 3 Press F5 TRIG set Crs 4 Press F4 Delay Deny I H 5 The Delay parameter will become highlighted in the Waveform Display area Type Burst N Cycle Source INT Trigger Out Rise Phase 0 0 Cycles 1Cyc Period 10 0000mSec 1 FREO p gt 6 Use the selector keys and N scroll wheel or number pad OO VY to enter period time OOO ae OO 7 Press F1 F4 to choose the a SEC delay time unit Ca 128 GW INSTEK APPENDIX Range Delay time Os 655350nS Default Os Burst Trigger Output The Trig Out terminal on the rear panel can be used for burst or sweep modes to output a rising edge TTL compatible trigger signal By default the trigger signal is rising edge The trigger signal is output at the start of each burst Panel Operation 1 Press the Burst key ews 2 Press F1 N Cycle F1 D 3 Press F5 TRIG set F5 4 Press F5 TRIG out TRIG out EEC F5 C 5 Press F3 ON OFF to toggle rs Trigger out ON OFF 6 Selec
141. rbitrary Waveform rarnrnrnnnnnnnrnnnrnnnnnnernreren 150 Set the Horizontal Display Range eee 150 Set the Vertical Display Properties seers 152 Page Navigation Back Page snrrsrrrrvrvrnrvrvrvrrrrvrvererenenne 154 Page Navigation Next Page mmnnrvrvvrvvrvrrvrrrervervrrrerervernn 156 BASLE E E 158 Editing an Arbitrary WAVER OM xcescssecvrtecsnrsseenimexccassessna saves 159 Adding a Point to an Arbitrary Waveform 159 Adding a Line to an Arbitrary Waveform sssini 160 Copy a Waveform unnasunsasanetgnseennnarduke 162 Clear the Waveform eeorararesnennrvrveverervrvevnvesnsrurvevererersere 164 ARB Protection scccssscessscsssssescsssesnsosercssoeosaeissessoesseesssessovaee 166 Ouput an Arbitrary Waveform rrrrrrnnnnnnnnnnenerrvnrnnnnnnnnnn 169 Ouput Arbitrary Waveform s sesrvrvvvvrvvvrvevrverevenenrvrsesvsrerr 169 Saving Loading an Arbitrary Waveform 171 Saving a Waveform to Internal Memory 171 Saving a Waveform to USB Memory rsvrrrrrvvvvvrarerrrrssernener 172 Load a Waveform from Internal Memory sorrvenononrvrnrenn 175 Load a Waveform from USB nrnoneronenrnrvvnvrvrvrvrvrrenenenenrenne 178 147 GW INSTEK AFG 2225 Series User Manual Inserting Built In Waveforms The AFG 2225 includes 66 common waveforms such as math waveforms windowing functions and engineering waveforms Create an AbsAtan Waveform Panel Operation 1 Press the ARB key ARB 2 Press F3 Built in C F3
142. re continuously output when the internal trigger is selected The burst period determines the rate of bursts and the time between bursts Burst cycle must be less than the product of the burst period and wave frequency Burst Cycle lt Burst Period x Wave Frequency If the burst cycle exceeds the above conditions the burst period will be automatically increased to satisfy the above conditions If gated burst mode is selected burst cycle is ignored Though if the burst cycle is changed remotely whilst in gated mode the new burst cycle is remembered when used next 122 GW INSTEK APPENDIX Infinite Burst Count Panel Operation 1 Press the Burst key Ere 2 Press F1 N Cycle CG 3 Press F2 Infinite Cr Note Infinite burst is only available when using manual triggering CHT on soa C2 OFF 00 FREQ 1 000000 kHz FREQ 1 000000 kHz Type Burst N Cycle Source Manual Trigger Out Rise Phase Burst Period The burst period is used to determine the time between the start of one burst and the start of the next burst It is only used for internally triggered bursts Panel Operation 1 Press the Burst key Eus 2 Press F1 N Cycle Cr 3 Press F4 Period Ce 123 GW INSTEK AFG 2225 Series User Manual 4 The Period parameter will become highlighted in the Waveform Display area Type Burst N Cycle Source INT Trigger Out Rise 10 000mSec 5 Use the arrow keys
143. requency deviation Internal Source 1 Press the MOD key and select FM F2 select Sine F1 Input N A 3 Press the Freq Rate key followed by 1 kHz F4 4 Press the MOD key select FM F2 Shape F4 Square F2 5 Press the MOD key select FM F2 FM Freq F3 6 Press 1 0 0 Hz F2 7 Press the MOD key select FM F2 Freq Dev F2 8 Press 1 0 0 Hz F3 30 2 Press Waveform and Co NER Oo EET GW INSTEK APPENDIX 9 Press MOD FM F2 mop Source F1 INT F1 10 Press the Output key FSK Modulation Example FSK modulation 100Hz Hop frequency 1kHz Carrier wave Sine wave 10 Hz Rate Internal Source Output 1 Press the MOD key and select FSK F3 2 Press Waveform and select Sine F1 Input N A 3 Press the Freq Rate key followed by 1 kHz F4 4 Press the MOD key mon FSK FSK Rate select FSK F3 FSK Rate F3 5 Press 1 0 Hz F2 6 Press the MOD key moo AER select FSK F3 Hop Freq F2 7 Press1 0 0 Hz F3 Be FS MOD ek F3 won ource Source F1 INT F1 31 GW INSTEK AFG 2225 Series User Manual 9 Press the output key PM Modulation Example PM modulation 800Hz sinusoidal carrier wave 15 kHz modulating sine wave 50 phase deviation Internal Source 1 Press Waveform and select Sine F1 2 Press the MOD key woo
144. requency to 2kHz and sets the amplitude and offset to the maximum Source Specific SOURce 1 2 APPLy SQUare Command Description Outputs a square wave from the selected channel when the command has executed Frequency amplitude and offset can also be set The duty cycle is set to 50 Syntax SOURce 1 2 APPLy SQUare lt frequency gt lt amplitude gt lt offset gt Parameter lt frequency gt luHz 25MHz lt amplitude gt 1mVpp 10Vpp 500 lt offset gt 4 99V 4 99V 500 Example SOURT APPL SQU 2KHZ MAX MAX 202 GW INSTEK APPENDIX Sets frequency to 2kHz and sets the amplitude and offset to the maximum Source Specific SOURce 1 2 APPLy RAMP Command Description Outputs a ramp wave from the selected channel when the command has executed Frequency amplitude and offset can also be set The symmetry is set to 50 Syntax SOURce 1 2 APPLy RAMP lt frequency gt lt amplitude gt lt offset gt Parameter lt frequency gt TwHz 1MHz lt amplitude gt 1mVpp 10Vpp 50Q lt offset gt 4 99V 4 99V 500 Example SOURT APPL RAMP 2KHZ MAX MAX Sets frequency to 2kHz and sets the amplitude and offset to the maximum Source Specific SOURce 1 2 APPLy PULSe Command Description Outputs a pulse waveform from the selected channel when the command has executed Frequency amplitude and offset can also be set Note The PW settings from the SOURce I 2 PULS WIDT command are preserved Ed
145. rier Shape Background The default waveform shape is set to sine Noise waveforms cannot be used as carrier waves Panel Operation 1 Press the Waveform key 2 Press F1 F4 to choose the a carrier wave shape aa ary A Co amp Range Carrier Shape Sine Square Pulse Ramp 85 GW INSTEK AFG 2225 Series User Manual FSK Carrier Frequency The maximum carrier frequency depends on the carrier shape The default carrier frequency for all carrier shapes is 1kHz The voltage level of the Trigger INPUT signal controls the output frequency when EXT is selected When the Trigger INPUT signal is logically low the carrier frequency is output and when the signal is logically high the hop frequency is output Panel Operation 1 Press the FREQ Rate key to select the carrier frequency The FREQ parameter will become highlighted in the parameter window FREQ 1 000000 kHz FREQ 1 000000 kHz CHR OFF an 3 Use the arrow keys and scroll wheel or number pad to enter the carrier frequency OOO _ 006 F 4 Press F1 F5 to select the FSK a frequency units CD G Range Carrier Shape Carrier Frequency Sine wave luHz 25MHz Square wave luHz 15MHz Ramp wave luHz 1MHz Pulse wave 500uHz 15MHz Default frequency 1kHz 86 GW INSTEK APPENDIX FSK Hop Frequency The default Hop frequency for all waveform shapes is 100 Hz A square wave with a duty cycle of 50 is used for the internal modulation w
146. rmed under current setting Example A sweep waveform cannot be generated with the noise or pulse waveforms 221 Settings conflict Noise and ARB don t support frequency coupling Example The frequency coupling waveform can not be generated with the noise or ARB waveforms 276 GY INSTEK APPENDIX 221 Settings conflict Arb doesn t support phase operation in burst mode Example When burst mode is enabled the parameter of phase can not be change 221 Settings conflict Sweep mode doesn t support frequency coupling Example When modulation mode is enabled amplitude coupling mode is automatically disabled 221 Settings conflict Burst mode doesn t support frequency coupling Example When burst mode is enabled amplitude coupling mode is automatically disabled 221 Settings conflict Modulation mode doesn t support frequency coupling Example When modulation is enabled frequency coupling is automatically disabled 221 Settings conflict Tracking has forced coupling off Example When tracking mode is enabled coupling mode is automatically disabled 221 Settings conflict Coupling can not be performed under current setting Example When sweep mode is enabled coupling mode is automatically disabled 221 Settings conflict The dBm units can not used when load is high_z Example The dBm units can not be used when the load is high z 221 Settings conflict value clipped to
147. ry waveform previously set by the SOUReef 1 2 FUNC USER command Note If the function mode is changed and the current frequency setting is not supported by the new mode the frequency setting will be altered to next highest value Vpp and Vrms or dBm amplitude values may have different maximum values due to differences such as crest factor For example if a 5Vrms square wave is changed to a sinewave then the Vrms is automatically adjusted to 3 536 The modulation burst and sweep modes can only be used with some of the basic waveforms If a mode is not supported the conflicting mode will be disabled See the table below GW INSTEK APPENDIX Sine Square Ramp Pulse Noise ARB AM ov 7 Fe v x v FM v y y x x x PM v y y x x x FSK y v v vi X SUM y 7 ra vi v 7 SWEEP Y p x p E BURST p P a x x Syntax SOURce 1 2 FUNCtion SINusoid SQUare RAMP PULSe NOISe USER Example SOURT FUNC SIN Sets the output as a sine function Query Syntax SOURce 1 2J FUNC tion Return Parameter SIN SQU RAMP PULS Returns the current output NOIS USER type Example SOURT FUNC SIN Current output is sine Source Specific SOURce 1 2 FREQuency Command Description The SOURce 1 2 FREQuency command sets the output freuquency for the selected channel The query command returns the current frequency setting Note The maximum and minimum frequency depends on the fun
148. s 1 ms Note The pulse period must be greater than the pulse width and edge time 1 6x combined Pulse Width 1 6 Edge Time lt Period If the edge time or pulse width are too great they will automatically be reduced to fit the period by the function generator The PULSe PERiod function will change the period for all functions not just for the pulse waveforms If a different function is chosen and the current period is out of range the period will be automatically adjusted to suit the new function Syntax SOURce 1 2 PULSe PERiod lt seconds gt MINimum MAXimum Example SOURT PULS PER MIN Sets the period to the minimum time allowed Query Syntax SOURcef 1 2J PULSe PERiod MINimum MAXimum Return Parameter lt seconds gt 40ns 2000s 216 GW INSTEK APPENDIX Example SOURT PULS PER 1 0000E 01 The period is set to 10 seconds Source Specific SOURce 1 2 PULSe WIDTh Command Description Sets or queries the pulse width The default pulse width is 100us The minimum pulse width is affected by the period time If the period is over 20 or 200 seconds then the minimum pulse width is lus and 10us respectively Pulse width is defined as the time from the rising to falling edges at a threshold of 50 Note The pulse width cannot be less than the edge time times 1 6 Pulse Width gt 1 6 Edge Time The pulse width must be less than the period minus the edge time x1 6 Pulse Widt
149. s Register The status registers are used to record and determine the status of the function generator The function generator has a number of register groups Questionable Status Registers Standard Event Status Registers Status Byte Register As well as the output and error queues Each register group is divided into three types of registers condition registers event registers and enable registers Register types Condition The condition registers indicate the state of the Register function generator in real time The condition registers are not triggered I e the bits in the condition register change in real time with the instrument status Reading a condition register will not clear it The condition registers cannot be cleared or set Event Register The Event Registers indicate if an event has been triggered in the condition registers The event registers are latched and will remain set unless the CLS command is used Reading an event register will not clear it Enable Register The Enable register determines which status event s are enabled Any status events that are not enabled are ignored Enabled events are used to summarize the status of that register group 281 GW INSTEK AFG 2225 Series User Manual AFG 2225 Status System Condition Event Enable 0 Volt Ovid 4 Over Temp 5 Loop Unlock Error Queue Status Byte Register Condition Enable 7 ExtMod Ovid 8 Cal Error 9 Exte
150. s used to output a trigger out signal from the trigger terminal on the rear panel Note The marker frequency must be between the start and stop frequencies If the marker frequency is set to a value that is out of the range the marker frequency will be set to the center frequency and a settings conflict error will be generated Syntax SOURce 2 MARKer FREQuency lt frequency gt MINimum MAXimum Parameter lt frequency gt luHz 25 MHz 1 wHz 1 MHz Ramp Example SOURT MARK FREQ 1 0000E 03 Sets the marker frequency to 1 kHz Query Syntax SOURce 1 2 MARKer FREQuency MINimum MAXimum Return Parameter lt NR3 gt Returns the marker frequency in Hz Example SOUR1 MARK FREQ MAX 1 0000E 03 Returns the marker frequency 1 kHz Source Specific SOURce 1 2 MARKer Command Description Turns the marker frequency on or off The default is off Note MARKer ON The SYNC signal goes logically high low at the start of each sweep and goes low high at the marker frequency 247 GW INSTEK AFG 2225 Series User Manual MARKer OFF The SYNC signal turn off Syntax SOURcef 1 2 MARKer OFFJON Example SOURT MARK ON Enables the marker frequency Query Syntax SOURce 1 2 MARKer Return Parameter 0 Disabled 1 Enabled Example SOURT MARK 1 The marker frequency is enabled 248 GW INSTEK APPENDIX Burst Mode Commands Burst Mode Overview Burst mode can be co
151. strument states from memory locations 0 9 272 GW INSTEK APPENDIX Error Messages The AFG 2225 has a number of specific error codes Use the SYSTem ERRor command to recall the error codes For more information regarding the error queue Command Error Codes 101 Invalid character An invalid character was used in the command string Example SOURce1 AM DEPTh MN 102 Syntax error Invalid syntax was used in the command string Example An unexpected character may have been encountered like an unexpected space SOURce1 APPL SQUareff 1 103 Invalid separator An invalid separator was used in the command string Example a space comma or colon was incorrectly used APPL SIN 11000 OR SOURce1 APPLISQUare 108 Parameter not allowed The command received more parameters than were expected Example An extra not needed parameter was added to a command SOURce1 APPL flg 109 Missing parameter The command received less parameters than expected Example A required parameter was omitted SOURce1 APPL SQUare 273 GW INSTEK AFG 2225 Series User Manual 112 Program mnemonic too long A command header contains more than 12 characters OUTP SYNCHRONIZATION ON 113 Undefined header An undefined header was encountered The header is syntactically correct Example the header contains a character mistake SOUR1 AMM DEPT MIN 123 Exponent too large Numeric exponent exceeds 32 000 Example SOUReef 1
152. t INFinity MINimum MAXimum Parameter lt cycles gt 1 65535 cycles INFinity Sets the number to continuous MINimum Sets the number to minimum allowed MAXimum Sets the number to maximum allowed Example SOURT BURS NCYCI INF Sets the number of burst cycles to continuous infinite Query Syntax SOURece 1 2 BURSt NCYCIes MINimum MAXimum Return Parameter lt NR3 gt Returns the number of cycles INF INF is returned if the number of cycles is continuous 252 GW INSTEK APPENDIX Example SOUR1 BURS NCYC 1 0000E 02 The burst cycles are set to 100 Source Specific SOURce 1 2 BURSt INTernal PERiod Command Description Sets or queries the burst period Burst period settings are only applicable when the trigger is set to immediate The default burst period is 10 ms During manual triggering external triggering or Gate burst mode the burst period settings are ignored Note The burst period must be long enough to output the designated number of cycles for a selected frequency Burst period gt burst count waveform frequency 200 ns If the period is too short it is automatically increased so that a burst can be continuously output A data out of range error will also be generated Syntax SOURce 1 2 BURSt INTernal PERiod lt seconds gt MINimum MAXimum Parameter lt seconds gt 1 ms 500 seconds Example SOURT BURS INT PER 1 0000E 01 Sets the period to
153. t 2 Error Queue 6 Master Summary 3 Questionable 7 Not used Data 196 GW INSTEK APPENDIX Example ESE 4 Bit 2 is set ESR System Command Description Reads and clears the Standard Event Status Register The bit weight of the standard event status register is returned Note The CLS will also clear the standard event status register Query Syntax ESR Return Parameter Bit Register Bit Register 0 Operation 4 Execution Error Complete 1 Not Used 5 Command Error 2 Query Error 6 Not Used 3 Device Error 7 Power On Query Example ESR 5 Returns the bit weight of the standard event status register bit 0 and 2 STB System Command Description Reads the Status byte condition register Note Bit 6 the master summary bit is not cleared Syntax STB 197 GW INSTEK AFG 2225 Series User Manual SRE System Command Description The Service Request Enable Command determines which events in the Status Byte Register are allowed to set the MSS Master summary bit Any bit that is set to 1 can cause the MSS bit to be set Note The CLS command clears the status byte event register but not the enable register Syntax SRE lt enable value gt Parameter lt enable value gt 0 255 Example SRE 12 Sets a bit weight of 12 bits 2 and 3 for the service request enable register Query Syntax SRE Return Parameter Bit Register Bit Register 0 Not used 4 Mess
154. t F1 Rise or F2 Fall NED edge trigger aa Cz Note When the internal or external trigger is selected the trigger output signal will be at either a TTL low high level and will toggle when the specifed number of waveform cycles completed When the manual trigger is selected the trigger output turns on at the trigger soft key be pressed 129 GW INSTEK AFG 2225 Series User Manual AMPL 3 000 Ver AMPL 3 000 Ver FREQ 1 000000 kHz FREQ 1 000000 kHz Rie le 1 FREO gt 130 GW INSTEK APPENDIX S ECONDARY SYSTEM FUNCTION SETTINGS The secondary system functions are used to store and recall settings view help files view the software version update the firmware set the buzzer Save and Recall rasnnrnnnnnnnanannnnnnennnnnnnnenenennnnenernennnereneneee 132 System and Settings ciicinsienvapearsevivnntedesiatienpenmeinldsinisscntns 136 System and REE 136 Viewing and Updating the Firmware rsrervrrvrerererererrrrrnne 136 Setting the Buzzer Sound n nmmnsnsrerrrrrrrrrrrererererererererererrene 137 131 GW INSTEK AFG 2225 Series User Manual Save and Recall The AFG 2225 has non volatile memory to store instrument state and ARB data There are 10 memory files numbered 0 9 Each memory file can either store arbitrary waveform data ARB settings or both When data ARB or Setting data is stored in a memory file the data will be shown in red If a file has no data it will be shown in
155. tanding data in the Output Queue Reading all messages in the output queue will clear the message available bit 285 GW INSTEK AFG 2225 Series User Manual Standard Event The Event Status bit is set if an enabled event in the Standard Event Status Event Register has occurred Master The Master Summary Status is Summary used with the STB query When Service the STB query is read the MSS Request bit bit is not cleared The Request Service bit is cleared when it is polled during a serial poll Output Queue Description The Output queue stores output messages in a FIFO buffer until read If the Output Queue has data the MAV bit in the Status Byte Register is set Error Queue Description The error queue is queried using the SYSTem ERRor command The Error queue will set the Error Queue bit in the status byte register if there are any error messages in the error queue If the error queue is full the last message will generate a Queue overflow error and additional errors will not be stored If the error queue is empty No error will be returned Error messages are stored in the error queue ina first in first out order The errors messages are character strings that can contain up to 255 characters 286 GW INSTEK APPENDIX ppen DIX AFG 2225 Specifications The specifications apply when the function generator is powered on for at least 30 minutes under 1
156. te To F3 10 Press F5 Done to confirm EA Fs the selection 11 Press Return to return to the Return previous menu A section of the waveform from points 0 33 was copied to points 50 83 Copy From 0 Length 33 To 50 CHT Gre sog CMD Orr 00 marae FREQ 10 0000 kHz FREQ 1 000000 kHz PEN 163 GW INSTEK AFG 2225 Series User Manual Clear the Waveform Panel Operation 1 Press the ARB key are 2 Press F2 Edit EN F2 3 Press F4 Clear ce F 4 Press F1 Start Ca F1 5 The Clear From properties will become highlighted in red 6 Use the arrow keys and scroll wheel or number pad to enter O O the Clear From address OO O ae OOO 7 Press F2 Enter to save the Ce settings 8 Press Return to return to the Return previous menu 9 Repeat steps 4 8 for Length To za TF2 F2 N 10 Press F3 Done to clear the C Fa selected section of the arbitrary waveform GY INSTEK APPENDIX Delete All 11 Press F4 ALL to delete the Cr whole waveform 12 Press F1 Done again to Cr confirm the deletion 13 Press Return return to the Return previous menu Clear From 20 Length 33 CHT on soa CHD OFF gg FREQ 10 0000 kHz FREQ 1 000000 kHz see n _ The same area after being cleared 165 GW INSTEK AFG 2225 Series User Manual The result after the whole waveform is deleted F
157. tes relating to Electromagnetic Compatibility 2004 108 EC and Low Voltage Equipment Directive 2006 95 EC For the evaluation regarding the Electromagnetic Compatibility and Low Voltage Equipment Directive the following standards were applied EMC EN 61326 1 Electrical equipment for measurement control and EN 61326 2 1 laboratory use EMC requirements 2006 Conducted and Radiated Emissions Electrostatic Discharge EN 55011 2009 A1 2010 Class A TEC 61000 4 2 2008 Current Harmonic Radiated Immunity EN 61000 3 2 2006 A2 2009 TEC 61000 4 3 2010 Voltage Fluctuation Electrical Fast Transients EN 61000 3 3 2008 TEC 61000 4 4 2012 Surge Immunity IEC 61000 4 5 2005 Conducted Susceptibility TEC 61000 4 6 2008 Power Frequency Magnetic Field TEC 61000 4 8 2009 Voltage Dips Interrupts TEC 61000 4 11 2004 Safety Low Voltage Equipment Directive 2006 95 EC Safety Requirements IEN 61010 1 2010 GW INSTEK APPENDIX Commmon Absatan y atan x The absolute of atan x Abssin y sin x The absolute of sin x Abssinehalf y sin x 0 lt x lt pi y 0 pi lt x lt 2pi Half_wave function Ampalt y e x sin x Oscillation rise Attalt y e x sin x Oscillation down Diric Even f x 1 x n 1 2 pi x 0 42 pit4 pi 293 GW INSTEK AFG 2225 Series User Manual Diric
158. the output termination is set to high impedance dBm units cannot be used The units will default to Vpp The output amplitude can be affected by the function and unit chosen Vpp and Vrms or dBm values may have different maximum values due to differences such as crest factor For example a 5Vrms square wave must be adjusted to 3 536 Vrms for a sine wave DC Offset voltage The offset parameter can be set to MINimum MAXimum or DEFault The default offset is 0 volts The offset is limited by the output amplitude as shown below Voffset lt Vmax Vpp 2 If the output specified is out of range the maximum offset will be set 201 GW INSTEK AFG 2225 Series User Manual The offset is also determined by the output termination 500 or high impedance If the offset has been set and the output termination has changed from 500 to high impedance the offset will double Changing the output termination from high impedance to 500 will half the offset Source Specific SOURce 1 2 APPLy SINusoid Command Description Outputs a sine wave from the selected channel when the command has executed Frequency amplitude and offset can also be set SOURce 1 2 APPLy SINusoid lt frequency gt Syntax lt amplitude gt lt offset gt Parameter lt frequency gt luHz 25MHz lt amplitude gt 1mVpp 10Vpp 500 3 536 Vrms lt offset gt 4 99V 4 99V 500 Example SOURT APPL SIN 2KHZ MAX MAX Sets f
159. ther parameters Note Any modulation modes or Burst mode will be disabled if sweep mode is enabled Syntax SOURece 1 2 SWEep STATe OFF ON Example SOURT SWE STAT ON Enables sweep mode Query Syntax SOURce 1 2 SWEep STATe Return Parameter 0 Disabled OFF 1 Enabled ON Example SOURT SWE STAT 1 Sweep mode is currently enabled 241 GW INSTEK AFG 2225 Series User Manual Source Specific SOURce 1 2 FREQuency STARt Command Description Sets the start frequency of the sweep 100Hz is the default start frequency Note To sweep up or down set the stop frequency higher or lower than the start frequency Syntax SOURce 1 2 FREQuency STARt lt frequency gt MINimum MAXimum Parameter lt frequency gt luHz 25MHz luHz 15MHz Square 1uHz 1MHz Ramp Example SOURT FREQ STAR 2 0000E 03 Sets the start frequency to 2kHz Query Syntax SOURce 1 2 FREQuency STARt MINimum MAXimum Return Parameter lt NR3 gt Returns the start frequency in Hz Example SOURT FREQ STAR MAX 8 0000E 0 Returns the maximum start frequency allowed Source Specific SOURcef1 2 FREQuency STOP Command Description Sets the stop frequency of the sweep 1 kHz is the default start frequency Note To sweep up or down set the stop frequency higher or lower than the start frequency Syntax SOURce 1 2 FREQuency STOP lt frequency gt MINimum MAXimum GY INSTEK APPENDIX Parameter lt frequency gt
160. uare Ramp Pulse Noise standard waveforms Internal and external LIN LOG sweep with marker output 11 GW INSTEK AFG 2225 User Manual e Int Ext AM FM PM FSK SUM modulation e Burst function with internal and external triggers without marker output e Store recall 10 groups of setting memories e Output overload protection Interface e USB interface as standard e 3 5 inch Color TFT LCD 320 X 240 graphical user interface e AWES Arbitrary Waveform Editing Software PC software 12 GW INSTEK GETTING STARTED Panel Overview Front Panel LCD Display Function keys Return key Scroll Wheel Arrow keys Output Terminals IN Channel select key Power switch LCD Display TFT color display 320 x 240 resolution Function Keys F1 F5 Activates functions which appear on the right hand side of the LCD display Return Key Batu Goes back to the previous menu level Operation Keys REQ Rate DC Offset DOOOE E The waveform key is used to select a type of waveform The FREQ Rate key is used to set the frequency or sample rate AMPL sets the waveform amplitude Sets the DC offset 13 GW INSTEK AFG 2225 User Manual The UTIL key is used to access the save and recall options update and view the fir
161. ulse can not be change phase is 0 2 Press F4 Phase and then T oe Fa press F1 Phase Co ac 3 The Phase parameter in the parameter window will become hightlighed Croan mer 144 GW INSTEK APPENDIX the output phase OOO Press F5 Degree eC F5 Synchronizing the Phase Background Synchronizes both the outputs on the AFG 2225 Panel Operation 1 2 Press the CH1 CH2 key Press F4 Phase Fa Press F2 S Phase to re synchronize the phase of the channels 145 GW INSTEK AFG 2225 Series User Manual DSO Link Background DSO Link enables the AFG 2225 to receive lossless data from a GDS 2000 Series DSO to create ARB data 1 Connect the AFG 2225 USB eS host port to the GDS 2000 s gt USB B device port ER Panel Operation 2 Press the CH1 CH2 key 3 Press F5 DSO Link 5 4 Press F1 Search 5 To select a DSO channel CHT CH4 Press F2 CH1 F3 CH2 F4 ay a CH3 or F5 CH4 The acquired data can then be displayed GW INSTEK APPENDIX A rsitRARY WAVEFORMS The AFG 2225 can create user defined arbitrary waveforms with a sample rate of 120MHz Each waveform can include up to 4k of data points with a vertical range of 511 Inserting Built In Wavelormsuuansnsausashenennikdmm 148 Create an AbsAtan Waveform s ssssssssssssissreessressseesseessee 148 Display an A
162. vrvrvrvrrerererererereveererrene 109 Setting Start and Stop Frequency oo 109 Center Frequency and Span ssesessseresssrsereeserseseeserrereesersesee 111 Sweep Modessa oana esai 113 Sweep TIME 2sccscsacsscsstesssessncessasseioseescacessaivandesoszeresassacedeanee 114 Marker Frequency mnssnsrsrsnsnsrensvassensnsrsveranennsasvsnevevenserssene 115 Sweep Trigger SOUrce mmm mmmumrmnrnnnnnnnnememenemn 116 Burst M dem atsudacpivaiscseastagdenintdedonateasepncasnseniaddeemeivaoes 118 Sele ting Burst Mod cssnecncronreneanncen eiae 119 Burst MOd S isi csssasasscssegesstsesazsssovessacenvesss cevasseasesvsaessssutsenes s 119 Burst Frequency csccsscscesscecsacsctssssvsacesseaseasssisstcnseassntysnssvsaeste 120 Burst Cycle Burst Count isnerersvanrersnsveneranannsrsvensvevensssssene 121 Infinite Burst Count seevereororererversrersrvererervavsveernersnenserere 123 Burst PeriOdssiscssscdescesssscsstoassesssevescocsases ia Errik Eee E EERS 123 BUrst PHASE eere e RR ERARA 125 Burst Trigger SOUrce mnsmsnsrnnrsvrnrerenenrrenenrenennsvenessenenvenenseven 126 Burst Delay oerien nnee annia 128 Burst Trigger QutpUts ceics scosessscssessusssoustescssscacsscoseissoseveseasens 129 65 GW INSTEK AFG 2225 Series User Manual Amplitude Modulation AM An AM waveform is produced from a carrier waveform and a modulating waveform The amplitude of the modulated carrier waveform depends on the amplitude of the modulating waveform The AFG 2225 functi
163. ype Sweep Linear Source INT Time 1 000 Sec Stop 1 00000 kHz Marker State OFF Marker 550 000 Hz 109 GW INSTEK AFG 2225 Series User Manual Stop Type Sweep Linear Marker State OFF 7 Marker 550 000 Hz 1 FREO gt 1 000000000 kHz 4 Use the arrow keys and scroll wheel or number pad to enter O O the Stop Start frequency OOO 006 PE 5 Press F1 F5 to select the a MHZ Start Stop frequency units 74 gt Fa Range Sweep Range luHz 25MHz Sine wave 1uHz 1 MHz Ramp wave luHz 15MHz Square wave Start Default 100Hz Stop Default IkHz To sweep from low to high frequencies set the Note start frequency less than the stop frequency When marker is on the SYNC signal is at a TTL low level that rises to a TTL high level at the marker To sweep from high to low frequencies set the start frequency greater than the stop frequency When marker is on the SYNC signal is at a TTL high level that drops to a TTL low level at the marker When marker is off the SYNC signal is turn off The frequency of the SYNC signal is equal to the sweep time The SYNC signal is output from the trigger output terminal 110 GW INSTEK APPENDIX Center Frequency and Span A center frequency and span can be set to determine the upper and lower sweep limits start stop Panel Operation 1 Span Center Press the SWEEP key Press F5 More Press F2 Span or F3 Center PE to select t
164. z Square Pulse 1 uHz 1MHz Ramp Example SOURT FSK FREQ 1 0000E 02 Sets the FSK hop frequency to to 100Hz Query Syntax SOURce 1 2 FSKey FREQuency MINimum MAXimum Return Parameter lt NR3 gt Returns the frequency in Hz Example SOURT FSK FREQ MAX 2 5000E 06 Returns the maximum hop frequency allowed Source Specific SOURce 1 2 FSKey INTernal RATE Command Description Sets or queries the FSK rate for internal sources only Note External sources will ignore this command Syntax SOURce 1 2 FSKey INTernal RATE lt rate in Hz gt MINimum MAXimum Parameter lt rate in Hz gt 2 mHz 100 kHz Example SOURT FSK INT RATE MAX Sets the rate to the maximum 100kHz Query Syntax SOURce 1 2 FSKey INTernal RATE MINimum MAXimum Return Parameter lt NR3 gt Returns the FSK rate in Hz 230 GW INSTEK APPENDIX Example SOURT FSK INT RATE MAX 1 0000E 05 Returns the maximum FSK rate allowed 231 GW INSTEK AFG 2225 Series User Manual Phase Modulation PM Commands PM Overview The following is an overview of the steps required to generate a PM modulated waveform Enable PM 1 Modulation Configure Carrier 2 Select 3 Modulation Source Select Shape Select Modulating Frequency Set DEViation 232 Turn on PM modulation using the SOURce 1 2 PM STATe ON command Use the APPLy command to select a carrier waveform Alternatively the FUNC FREQ

Arbitrary Function Generator

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