Stretching/shrinking selected portions of a signal
Contents
1. 455 3 06 6 232 540 B1 5 2001 Kondo 2 84 612 6 266 643 B1 7 2001 Canfield et al 704 278 6 298 482 B1 10 2001 Seidman et al 7 424 677 B2 9 2008 Sezan et al 7 454 010 B1 11 2008 Ebenezer 7 702 014 B1 4 2010 Kellock et al 2002 0028060 Al 3 2002 Murata etal 386 52 2002 0188602 Al 12 2002 Stubler et al 2003 0014135 Al 1 2003 Moulios 2003 0067554 Al 4 2003 Klarfeld et al 2003 0084065 Al 5 2003 Lin et al 2003 0093790 Al 5 2003 Logan et al 2004 0189827 Al 9 2004 Kim et al 2004 0199277 Al 10 2004 Bianchi et al 2010 0303257 Al 12 2010 Moulios et al OTHER PUBLICATIONS Sonic Foundry Inc Sound Forge 6 0 copyright 2002 2003 Sonic Foundry Inc pp 1 14 and 129 142 Continued Primary Examiner Angela A Armstrong 74 Attorney Agent or Firm Blakely Sokoloff Taylor amp Zafman LLP 57 ABSTRACT Techniques are described to allow a user of a signal editing tool to stretch or shrink a selected portion of a recorded signal to change the length ofthe selected portion ofthe signal relative to a particular domain without stretching or shrink ing other parts of the signal In the context of audio signals techniques are provided to allow a user to time stretch an audio signal file to change the duration of the stretched por tion ofthe audio The user may select how the change affects the total duration ofthe audio signal Options are provi2. Sep 17 2013 Sheet 3 of 6 US 8 538 761 B1 Cursor changes when hovering over the right edge of the selection Edge of selection is grabbed when mouse button is hetd Cursor Is dragged RIGHT dH4 to increase the length of the selected audlo POPE M i i i i 1 V t LI NL pns woo FIG 3 U S Patent Sep 17 2013 Sheet 4 of 6 US 8 538 761 B1 n l AJ e ES t Audio is made smaller FIG 4 U S Patent Sep 17 2013 Sheet 5 of 6 US 8 538 761 B1 FIG 5 US 8 538 761 B1 Sheet 6 of 6 Sep 17 2013 U S Patent 9c9 829 ANIT MHOMAL3N MYOMLAN Wo01 3OV3W831NI NOILVOINNWWOO sna Tj 0 9 U3 H3 S 919 TOYNLNOD YOsHNd FIS 391430 1 dNI c9 AV dsl 9 Sls US 8 538 761 Bl 1 STRETCHING SHRINKING SELECTED PORTIONS OF A SIGNAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to digital editing and more specifically to editing signal data BACKGROUND It is desirable in a variety of contexts to capture signals The nature of the signals may vary from context to context For example in a medical context it may be desirable to capture signals that represent heart activity In the context of sound studios it may be desirable to capture audio signals produced by music artists The techniques described herein are not limited to any particular type of recor
3. is created by the shrinking operation In one embodiment the audio data generated for the gap is data that represents silence In another embodiment the audio data generated for the gap is an ambient noise segment generated using the techniques referred to above In one embodiment the user is provided with user interface controls that allow the user to specify what kind of audio generation technique should be used to fill the gap In yet another scenario the user may stretch the selected portion without selecting the shifting option In this case the non selected portion of the audio that overlaps with the stretched selected portion of the audio is deleted from the audio data This type of stretching operation may be useful when fast dialog is followed by a long pause The fast dialog portion of the signal may be stretched to cover the long pause to 1 make the dialog more understandable 2 reduce the duration of the pause and 3 leave the total duration of the audio signal unaffected Visual Feedback During Stretch Shrink Operations According to one embodiment the signal editing applica tion provides visual feedback during stretch shrink opera tions performed using the stretch tool Specifically when an edge is grabbed and the signal is stretched the signal editing application overlays an on screen graphic representation of the waveform whose pixels are resampled stretch onscreen to fit the new size Thus the user may se
4. synchronization Shifting the Non Selected Portion of the Signal Referring to FIG 2 it illustrates a scenario in which the user is shrinking a selected portion of the signal and has selected the shifting option In response to the shrinking operation the duration of the selected portion is reduced and the durations of the non selected portions on both sides of the selected portion are unaffected Consequently the non se lected portion of the signal that follows the selected portion shifts to the left so that the shrinking of the selected portion does not cause any gap in the visual depiction of the signal In this case the duration of the entire audio file is reduced by the same amount of time as the reduction specified on the selected portion since the durations of all non selected portions do not change According to one embodiment the signal data stretches or shrinks in proportion to the ratio of the original selection s width in pixels to the adjusted selection s width in pixels 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 4 Referring to FIG 3 it illustrates a scenario in which the user is stretching a selected portion of the signal and has selected the shifting option In response to the stretching operation the duration of the selected portion is increased and the durations of the non selected portions on both sides of the selected portion are unaffected Consequently the non selecte
5. Common forms of machine readable media include for example a floppy disk a flexible disk hard disk magnetic tape or any other magnetic medium a CD ROM any other optical medium punchcards papertape any other physical medium with patterns of holes a RAM a PROM and EPROM a FLASH EPROM any other memory chip or car tridge a carrier wave as described hereinafter or any other medium from which a computer can read Various forms of machine readable media may be involved in carrying one or more sequences of one or more instructions to processor 604 for execution For example the instructions may initially be carried on a magnetic disk of a remote com puter The remote computer can load the instructions into its dynamic memory and send the instructions over a telephone line using a modem A modem local to computer system 600 can receive the data on the telephone line and use an infra red transmitter to convert the data to an infra red signal An infra red detector can receive the data carried in the infra red signal and appropriate circuitry can place the data on bus 602 Bus 602 carries the data to main memory 606 from which processor 604 retrieves and executes the instructions The instructions received by main memory 606 may optionally be stored on storage device 610 either before or after execution by processor 604 Computer system 600 also includes a communication interface 618 coupled to bus 602 Communication interface 618 provid
6. United States Patent US008538761B1 12 10 Patent No US 8 538 761 B1 Moulios et al 45 Date of Patent Sep 17 2013 54 STRETCHING SHRINKING SELECTED 6 337 947 B1 1 2002 Porter etal n s 386 55 PORTIONS OF A SIGNAL 7 055 166 Bl 5 2006 Logan et al 75 73 Q1 Q2 51 52 58 56 Inventors Christopher J Moulios Cupertino CA US Nikhil M Bhatt Cupertino CA US Assignee Apple Inc Cupertino CA US Notice Subject to any disclaimer the term of this patent is extended or adjusted under 35 U S C 154 b by 1608 days Appl No 11 195 007 Filed Aug 1 2005 Int CI GIOL 11 00 2006 01 G06F 17 00 2006 01 U S Cl USPC asnasan aa apayakan kabi 704 278 700 94 Field of Classification Search USPG sak pa ta asua Qa ss 704 278 500 504 See application file for complete search history References Cited U S PATENT DOCUMENTS 3 696 401 A 10 1972 Vance 341 74 3 932 888 A 1 1976 Lemke et al 386 85 4 941 035 A 7 1990 Judge 348 180 5 113 252 A 5 1992 Horieetal 358 528 5 450 132 A 9 1995 Harris et al 375 240 12 5 537 530 A 7 1996 Edgar et al 5 649 050 A 7 1997 Hardwick et al 704 203 5 752 224 A 5 1998 Tsutsui et al 704 225 5 758 020 A 5 1998 Tsutsui 704 204 6 088 455 A 7 2000 Logan etal 380 200 6 148 175 A 11 2000 Freedland
7. at followed the selected segment on the timeline to allow for the increased dura tion of the selected segment after the duration of the selected segment has been increased 18 A non transitory computer readable medium storing one or more sequences of instructions which when executed by one or more processors causes the one or more processors to perform the method recited in claim 17 19 The method of claim 13 further comprising producing in response to receiving third input edited sig nal data by changing the duration of the selected seg 15 20 25 10 ment ofthe signal relative to the time domain by stretch ing the selected segment of the signal without changing the duration ofthe one or more non selected segments of the signal relative to the time domain and without shift ing the one or more non selected segments that followed the selected segment on the timeline and by deleting an overlapping portion of the one or more non selected segments that followed the selected segment on the timeline and that otherwise would overlap over the selected segment of the signal 20 A non transitory computer readable medium storing one or more sequences of instructions which when executed by oneor more processors causes the one or more processors to perform the method recited in claim 19 21 The method of claim 13 further comprising producing in response to receiving third input edited sig nal data by changing the durat
8. d portion of the signal that follows the selected portion shifts to the right so that the stretching ofthe selected portion does not cover the visual depiction of any non se lected portion of the signal In this case the duration of the entire audio fileis increased by the same amount oftime as the increase specified on the selected portion since the durations of all non selected portions do not change Creating Deleting a Non Selected Portion of the Signal Referring to FIG 4 it illustrates a scenario in which the user is shrinking a selected portion of the signal and has not selected the shifting option In response to the shrinking operation the duration of the selected portion is reduced and the durations ofthe non selected portions on both sides ofthe selected portion are unaffected However unlike the sce nario illustrated in FIG 2 the non selected portion of the signal that follows the selected portion does not shift to the left Instead the shrinking operation creates a gap in the visual depiction of the signal The gap corresponds to new audio that is automatically inserted into the audio data In this case the duration of the entire audio file remains the same because the new audio data inserted into the gap is equal to the reduction specified on the selected portion and the duration of all non selected portions do not change Various techniques may be used to create the audio data that is used to fill the gap that
9. ded for shifting the non selected portion of the signal or for not shifting the non selected portion of the signal When the non selected portion is not shifted the signal editing tool automatically generates audio for the gap for shrinking operations and automatically deletes audio that overlaps with the stretched portion for stretching operations 22 Claims 6 Drawing Sheets US 8 538 761 B1 Page2 56 References Cited OTHER PUBLICATIONS Higgins D Wave Corrector v3 0 Vinyl Tape to CD R Processing Digital Audio Editing for the PC User Manual Jul 22 2004 Ganymede Test amp Measurement v3 0 from http web archive org web 20040722132002 www wavecor co uk help300 pdf gt 86 pgs U S Appl No 11 104 995 filed Apr 12 2005 Notice of Allowance Feb 17 2010 U S Appl No 11 181 660 filed Jul 13 2005 Office Action Apr 2 2010 Sonic Foundry Inc Sound Forge 6 0 copyright 2002 2003 Sonic Foundry Inc pp 1 14 and 129 142 http www sonycreativesoftware com download manuals soundforgefamily cited by examiner U S Patent Sep 17 2013 Sheet 1 of 6 US 8 538 761 B1 FIG 1A 4 FIG 1B U S Patent Sep 17 2013 Sheet 2 of 6 US 8 538 761 B1 Cursor changes when hovering over the right edge of the selection Edge of selection is grabbed when mouse button is held cma Cursor is dragged LEFT Y to reduce the length of selected n FIG 2 U S Patent
10. ded signal The digital representation of a signal is referred to herein as sig nal data For a variety of reasons it may be desirable to edit the signal data after a signal has been digitally recorded Many signal editing applications are available for performing post recording edits to a captured signal In the context of audio signals many audio editing applications allow a user to listen to the audio While the audio is being played the user is presented with a visual representation of the signal with an indication of the location within the signal that is currently being played While listening to the audio and watching the visual representation of the signal the user may identify a problem that requires fixing For example the user may hear a cough and see a spike that represents the cough in the visual representation of the signal The user may then use a tool provided by the editing application to correct the prob lem For example the user may replace the portion of the signal that contains the cough with an ambient noise print as described in U S patent application Ser No 11 104 995 filed on Apr 12 2005 the contents of which are incorporated herein by this reference Sometimes it is desirable change the length of a recorded signal relative to a particular domain such as time For example in the context ofaudio signals it may be desirableto convert a 17 minute lecture into a 15 minute lecture Some digital sig
11. e both a depiction of the unchanged selected portion and a depiction of the modi fied selected portion The signal editing tool thus displays a graphic preview of the waveform at the correct size that transparently updates interactively when the user moves the mouse while an edge is selected US 8 538 761 Bl 5 Referring to FIG 5 it illustrates how an overlay may be displayed when a user drags the right edge of the selected portion to the right thereby stretching the selected portion The overlay showing the stretched selected portion may be depicted in one color e g purple while the original selected portion may be depicted in another color e g black Hardware Overview FIG 6 is a block diagram that illustrates a computer system 600 upon which an embodiment of the invention may be implemented Computer system 600 includes a bus 602 or other communication mechanism for communicating infor mation and a processor 604 coupled with bus 602 for pro cessing information Computer system 600 also includes a main memory 606 such as a random access memory RAM or other dynamic storage device coupled to bus 602 for storing information and instructions to be executed by pro cessor 604 Main memory 606 also may be used for storing temporary variables or other intermediate information during execution of instructions to be executed by processor 604 Computer system 600 further includes a read only memory ROM 608 or other static st
12. ed in claim 9 11 A non transitory computer readable medium storing one or more sequences of instructions which when executed by one or more processors causes the one or more processors to perform the method recited in claim 8 12 A non transitory computer readable medium storing one or more sequences of instructions which when executed by one or more processors causes the one or more processors to perform the method recited in claim 1 13 A method for editing a signal data that represents a signal the method comprising displaying a visual depiction of the signal providing a user interface control for changing a duration of a visual depiction of a segment within the visual depiction of the signal receiving first input that selects the segment of the signal wherein the signal comprises the selected segment and one or more non selected segments of the signal and wherein the selected segment is followed by the one or more non selected segments on a timeline automatically performing in response to receiving second input that changes the duration of the visual depiction of the selected segment relative to a time domain a corre sponding change to the signal data represented by the selected segment by shrinking the selected segment of the signal without changing the duration of the one or more non selected segments of the signal relative to the time domain and without shifting any of the one or more non selected segments that foll
13. ed relative to the domain represented by the x axis In an embodiment in which the x axis represents time and the signal is an audio signal dragging an edge inward causes the duration of the audio within the selected portion to be short ened When a selected edge is dragged outward relative to the target area the selected portion is lengthened relative to the domain represented by the x axis In an embodiment in which the x axis represents time and the signal is an audio signal dragging an edge outward causes the duration of the audio within the selected portion to be lengthened Examples are given hereafter in which the right edge of the selected section is adjusted using the stretch tool However the techniques apply equally to adjustments made to the left edge of a selected portion of the signal The Effect on the Non Selected Portion of the Signal The stretching or shrinking ofa selected portion ofa signal may have any one of a number of possible effects on the non selected portion of the signal According to one embodi ment the user is provided with controls for specifying which effect the stretch shrink operation will have on the non se lected portion of the signal Specifically in one embodiment holding the option key establishes whether the other signal data is shifted on the timeline or whether the stretching will delete when increasing length or create data when decreas ing length to maintain the signal s time
14. es a two way data communication coupling to a network link 620 that is connected to a local network 622 For example communication interface 618 may be an integrated services digital network ISDN card or a modem to provide a data communication connection to a corresponding type of telephone line As another example communication interface 618 may bealocal area network LAN card to provide a data communication connection to a compatible LAN Wireless links may also be implemented In any such implementation communication interface 618 sends and receives electrical electromagnetic or optical signals that carry digital data streams representing various types of information Network link 620 typically provides data communication through one or more networks to other data devices For example network link 620 may provide a connection through local network 622 to a host computer 624 or to data equip ment operated by an Internet Service Provider ISP 626 ISP 626 in turn provides data communication services through the world wide packet data communication network now com monly referred to as the Internet 628 Local network 622 and Internet 628 both use electrical electromagnetic or opti cal signals that carry digital data streams The signals through the various networks and the signals on network link 620 and through communication interface 618 which carry the digital data to and from computer system 600 are exemplary forms of carrier wave
15. he user is stretching a selected portion ofthe signal and has selected the shifting option according to an embodiment of the invention FIG 4isa block diagram that illustrates a scenario in which the user is shrinking a selected portion of the signal and has not selected the shifting option according to an embodi ment of the invention FIG 5 is a block diagram that illustrates how an overlay may be displayed when a user drags the right edge of the selected portion to the right thereby stretching the selected portion according to an embodiment of the invention and FIG 6isablock diagram ofa computer system upon which embodiments of the invention may be implemented DETAILED DESCRIPTION In the following description for the purposes of explana tion numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention It will be apparent however that the present invention may be prac ticed without these specific details In other instances well known structures and devices are shown in block diagram form in order to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the present invention OVERVIEW Techniques and mechanisms are provided herein to allow a user of a signal editing tool to stretch all or part of a recorded signal to change the length of the signal relative to a particular domain In the context of audio signals techniques and mechanisms are provided to allow a user to ti
16. ion of the selected seg ment of the signal relative to the time domain by shrink ing the selected segment of the signal without changing the duration ofthe one or more non selected segments of the signal relative to the time domain and by automati cally shifting the one or more non selected segments of the signal that followed the selected segment on the timeline so that no gap exists after the duration of the selected segment has been reduced 22 A non transitory computer readable medium storing one or more sequences of instructions which when executed by oneor more processors causes the one or more processors to perform the method recited in claim 21
17. me stretch an audio signal file to change the duration of the stretched portion of the audio The change in the duration of the selected portion of audio data does not necessarily change the pitch ofthe audio contained within the selected portion Con sequently the audio contained in the selected portion such as dialog and other material continues to sound natural Various techniques may be used for processing the signal data to stretch or shrink the duration of the content contained therein The present invention is not limited to any particular stretching or shrinking techniques The techniques described herein provide user interface tools that allow the user to perform such stretching and shrinking on user selected por tions of the signal without affecting other portions of the signal Thus in the example given above in which a 17 minute lecture is converted to a 15 minute lecture the techniques provided herein may be used so that the total time of the lecture is reduced without speeding up the portion of the lecture in which the lecturer talks quickly In fact the tools provided herein may be used to stretch out the fast talking portion ofthe lecture while still reducing the overall length of the lecture by shrinking other user selected portions of the lecture To illustrate the techniques described herein embodiments shall be described in which the audio signals are being adjusted relative to the time domain However the tech
18. memory 606 causes processor 604 to perform the process steps described herein In alternative embodiments hard wired circuitry may be used in place of or in combination with software instruc tions to implement the invention Thus embodiments of the invention are not limited to any specific combination of hard ware circuitry and software The term machine readable medium as used herein refers to any medium that participates in providing data that causes a machine to operation in a specific fashion In an embodiment implemented using computer system 600 vari ous machine readable media are involved for example in providing instructions to processor 604 for execution Such a medium may take many forms including but not limited to non volatile media volatile media and transmission media Non volatile media includes for example optical or mag netic disks such as storage device 610 Volatile media includes dynamic memory such as main memory 606 Trans mission media includes coaxial cables copper wire and fiber optics including the wires that comprise bus 602 Transmis 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 6 sion media can also take the form of acoustic or light waves such as those generated during radio wave and infra red data communications All such media must be tangible to enable the instructions carried by the media to be detected by a physical mechanism that reads the instructions into a machine
19. nal editing applications may provide mechanisms for accomplishing such wholesale conversions However such conversions may not produce optimal results For example there may be a portion of the 17 minute lecture in which the speaker talks so quickly that it is difficult to catch all of the words If the duration ofthe entire lecture is reduced then all speech within the lecture will be played back at a rate that is even faster than the original rate Consequently after the conversion the portion of the lecture in which the speaker talks quickly will be even more difficult to understand BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The present invention is illustrated by way of example and not by way of limitation in the figures of the accompanying drawings and in which like reference numerals refer to similar elements and in which FIG 1A is a block diagram of control buttons provided by a signal editing tool according to an embodiment of the invention FIG 1B is a block diagram of a cursor that is displayed when the user hovers over the edge of a selected portion when the stretch tool has been selected according to an embodi ment of the invention 20 40 45 60 2 FIG 2isa block diagram that illustrates a scenario in which the user is shrinking a selected portion of the signal and has selected the shifting option according to an embodiment of the invention FIG 3isa block diagram that illustrates a scenario in which t
20. niques described herein are not limited to audio signals not to stretching shrinking operations within the time domain Overview of Using the Stretch Tool According to one embodiment a digital signal editing application includes a plurality of buttons that correspond to US 8 538 761 Bl 3 different digital editing tools as illustrated in FIG 1A To select a portion of a signal a user can click and drag horizon tally across a visual depiction of the signal a waveform display The portion of the signal that is selected in this manner is referred to as the selected portion of the signal One of the buttons illustrated in FIG 1A is a Stretch Tool button 100 Selecting the Stretch Tool button 100 activates the stretch tool The stretch tool does not have to be active to select an area to be stretched The stretch tool can be invoked on the current selection regardless of how the current selec tion was selected After a selected portion of the signal has been selected and the stretch tool is activated if the user hovers the cursor over either edge of the selection the cursor becomes a stretch cursor A stretch cursor used in one embodiment is illustrated in FIG 1B Using the stretch cursor the user is then able to click and drag either edge of the selected portion The edge may be dragged in either direction When a selected edge is dragged inward relative to the selected portion the selected portion is shorten
21. orage device coupled to bus 602 for storing static information and instructions for processor 604 A storage device 610 such as a magnetic disk or optical disk is provided and coupled to bus 602 for storing informa tion and instructions Computer system 600 may be coupled via bus 602 to a display 612 such as a cathode ray tube CRT for displaying information to a computer user An input device 614 includ ing alphanumeric and other keys is coupled to bus 602 for communicating information and command selections to pro cessor 604 Anothertype ofuser input device is cursor control 616 such as a mouse a trackball or cursor direction keys for communicating direction information and command selec tions to processor 604 and for controlling cursor movement on display 612 This input device typically has two degrees of freedom in two axes a first axis e g x and a second axis e g y that allows the device to specify positions in a plane The invention is related to the use of computer system 600 forimplementing the techniques described herein According to one embodiment of the invention those techniques are performed by computer system 600 in response to processor 604 executing one or more sequences of one or more instruc tions contained in main memory 606 Such instructions may be read into main memory 606 from another machine read able medium such as storage device 610 Execution of the sequences of instructions contained in main
22. owed the segment on the timeline to create a gap between the selected segment of the signal and the one or more non selected segments that followed the selected segment on the timeline and by automatically filling the gap with data that represents silence or with an ambient noise segment wherein the method is performed by a computing device US 8 538 761 Bl 9 14 The method of claim 13 wherein the user interface control allows a user to move a boundary ofthe selected segment and the method further comprising redrawing the visual depic tion of the selected segment as the boundary is moved 15 A non transitory computer readable medium storing one or more sequences of instructions which when executed by one or more processors causes the one or more processors to perform the method recited in claim 14 16 A non transitory computer readable medium storing one or more sequences of instructions which when executed by one or more processors causes the one or more processors to perform the method recited in claim 13 17 The method of claim 13 further comprising producing in response to receiving third input edited sig nal data by changing the duration of the selected seg ment of the signal relative to the time domain by stretch ing the selected segment of the signal without changing the duration of the one or more non selected segments and by automatically shifting the one or more non se lected segments of the signal th
23. s transporting the information Computer system 600 can send messages and receive data including program code through the network s network link 620 and communication interface 618 In the Internet example a server 630 might transmit a requested code for an application program through Internet 628 ISP 626 local network 622 and communication interface 618 The received code may be executed by processor 604 as it is received and or stored in storage device 610 or other US 8 538 761 Bl 7 non volatile storage for later execution In this manner com puter system 600 may obtain application code in the form of a carrier wave In the foregoing specification embodiments of the inven tion have been described with reference to numerous specific details that may vary from implementation to implementa tion Thus the sole and exclusive indicator of what is the invention and is intended by the applicants to be the inven tion is the set of claims that issue from this application in the specific form in which such claims issue including any sub sequent correction Any definitions expressly set forth herein for terms contained in such claims shall govern the meaning of such terms as used in the claims Hence no limitation element property feature advantage or attribute that is not expressly recited in a claim should limit the scope of such claim in any way The specification and drawings are accord ingly to be regarded in an illu
24. strative rather than a restrictive sense What is claimed is 1 A method for editing signal data that represents a signal the method comprising receiving by a computer first input that selects a portion of the signal wherein the signal comprises the selected portion and one or more non selected portions and wherein at least one of the one or more non selected portions follows the selected portion on a timeline producing by the computer in response to receiving sec ond input edited signal data by changing a duration of the selected portion of the signal relative to a time domain by shrinking the selected portion of the signal without changing the duration of the one or more non selected portions of the signal relative to the time domain and without shifting the one or more non se lected portions on the timeline to create a gap between the selected portion and the one or more non selected portions and by automatically filling the gap with data that represents a segment of silence or ambient noise 2 The method of claim 1 further comprising producing in response to receiving third input edited sig nal data by changing the duration of the selected portion ofthe signal relative to the time domain by shrinking the selected portion ofthe signal without changing the dura tion of the one or more non selected portions of the signal relative to the time domain and by automatically shifting the one or more non selected portions of
25. ted portion ofthe signal relative to the time domain by stretching the selected portion ofthe signal without changing the dura tion of the one or more non selected portions and by automatically shifting the one or more non selected por tions of the signal that followed the selected portion on the timeline to allow for the increased duration of the selected portion after the duration ofthe selected portion has been increased 7 A non transitory computer readable medium storing one or more sequences of instructions which when executed by one or more processors causes the one or more processors to perform the method recited in claim 6 8 The method of claim 1 further comprising generating while receiving second input a visual depic tion of the selected portion of the signal that reflects a changed duration 9 The method of claim 8 further comprising generating while receiving second input a second visual depiction of the selected portion of the signal that reflects an unchanged duration wherein the visual depiction of the selected portion of the signal that reflects a changed duration is an overlay displayed concurrently with the second visual depiction of the selected portion of the signal that reflects an unchanged duration 10 A non transitory computer readable medium storing one or more sequences of instructions which when executed by one or more processors causes the one or more processors to perform the method recit
26. the signal that followed the selected portion on the timeline so that no gap exists after the duration of the selected portion has been reduced 3 A non transitory computer readable medium storing one or more sequences of instructions which when executed by one or more processors causes the one or more processors to perform the method recited in claim 2 4 The method of claim 1 further comprising producing in response to receiving third input edited sig nal data by changing the duration of the selected portion ofthe signal relative to the time domain by stretching the selected portion ofthe signal without changing the dura tion of the one or more non selected portions of the signal relative to the time domain and without shifting the one or more non selected portions that followed the selected portion on the timeline and by deleting an overlapping portion of the one or more non selected portions that followed the selected portion on the time line and that otherwise would overlap the selected por tion of the signal 5 A non transitory computer readable medium storing one or more sequences of instructions which when executed by 0 20 25 30 40 45 50 65 8 one or more processors causes the one or more processors to perform the method recited in claim 4 6 The method of claim 1 further comprising producing in response to receiving third input edited sig nal data by changing the duration ofthe selec
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