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Thermo Scientific Niton XL2 GOLDD Tube-Based X

1. 2010 Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc All rights reserved Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc provides this document to its customers with a product purchase to use in the product operation This document is copyright protected and any reproduction of the whole or any part of this document is strictly prohibited except with the written authorization of Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc The contents of this document are subject to change without notice All technical information in this document is for reference purposes only System configurations and specifications in this document supersede all previous information received by the purchaser Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc makes no representations that this document is complete accurate or error free and assumes no responsibility and will not be liable for any errors omissions damage or loss that might result from any use of this document even if the information in the document is followed properly This document is not part of any sales contract between Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc and a purchaser This document shall in no way govern or modify any Terms and Conditions of Sale which Terms and Conditions of Sale shall govern all conflicting information between the two documents Release history For Research Use Only Not for use in diagnostic procedures Thermo Scientific Chapter 0 Chapter 1 Chapter 2 Chapter 3 Chapter 4 Chapter 5 Chapter 6 Chapter 7 Contents Co
2. Keeping your analyzer maintained in good condition will help minimize the risk of accidental exposure Mechanical malfunction of the shutter can be avoided by maintaining the measurement window as described in the User Guide This prevents foreign objects from entering your analyzer Avoid Over Exposures Direct contact with the window could result in overexposures in the times indicated in lable 3 below Table 3 Potential Exposure Limit Times Location of Dose Limit Time to Reach Limit Deep Dose 5 rem 50 mSv 2 1 minutes Whole Body Shallow Dose 50 rem 500 mSv 0 95 minutes Extremities Member of Public 0 1 to 5 rem 1 to 50 mSv 2 5 to 9 5 seconds 1 e untrained operator Extremity is defined by the NRC as the hand elbow arm below the elbow foot knee or leg below the knee Whole Body is defined by the NRC as the head trunk including male gonads arms above the elbow or legs above the knee Safe Handling of Samples As mentioned many times in this chapter never place any part of your body in the path of the x ray beam There is always a safe way to handle samples whether they are small irregularly shaped or of low density Never look into the path of the primary beam 10 Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide Thermo Scientific Small Samples 2 Using Your Analyzer Safely and Effectively Using Your Analyzer A small sample would be any sample that is smaller than the measurement window Small samples present a
3. against the measurement window whether or not the Easy Trigger method is being used and will shut off any radiation directed through the window if it determines that there is no sample present 186 Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide Thermo Scientific Thermo Scientific 8 Advanced Settings Safety Settings With any of these methods analysis will stop if any one of the preconditions are violated For example with the Trigger Interlock and Proximity Sensor method if the trigger or the Proximity Sensor or the Interlock is released the reading will stop immediately and the X ray tube will shut down After your analyzer is calibrated initiate a sample reading using the appropriate method If you attempt to initiate a sample reading using a different method the analyzer will inform you that one or more of the preconditions need to be met in order for sample analysis to begin Note The LED lights will blink whenever the x ray tube is on WARNING The nose should not be touched during sample testing and calibration If an ESD event occurs during measurement the instrument may terminate the testing in progress and automatically reset to LogOn screen Any test data collected prior to reset will be lost and the testing may have to be repeated WARNING The preconditions for operation must be continued for the duration of the reading If the preconditions are violated the x ray tube will turn off the calibration shutter will close and
4. 6 Data Management Viewing Data Data Management Viewing Data Sample Analyze Type System Return System Manage Vieu Advanced Check Libraries Fingerprint Figure 21 The View Data Menu Path Use the Data Screen to view previously taken test result readings When the View Data icon is selected the Results screen of your most recent test is shown on the Touch Screen 582 General Metals NAV Tools Time 5 2 sec 55 347 0 Thermo Scientific Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide 83 6 Data Management Viewing Data Figure 22 The View Data Screen Using the buttons on the control panel you may view different readings or additional data for individual readings Your analyzer will display the standard screen analysis Pressing the Down Button on the 4 way touch pad will display a complete scrolling elemental chemistry listing Fach press of the Down Button scrolls the screen down to the next element You can also use the scroll bar along the right side to scroll or page through the elements Scrolling Down Through the Complete Listing of Elements 02 Gereral Metals 58 General Metals S82 General Metals S82 General Metals HAV Tools HAV Tools SE General t HAY Tools Fe 69 24 0 71 in 1 83 0 34 045 r 17 54 0 40 040 0 159 0 119 013 i 0 081 0 149 P 0 017 aes 028 Below LOD List s ane pons Dn an non w Figure 23 Complete Listing of Elements Pressing the Left Butto
5. Pack the sample into a Sample Cup Clean the sample to be analyzed so it is free of all surface contamination Place the analyzer so that the sample covers the analysis window Select the Mode icon Select Soils from the Mode Menu Select the Analyze icon Select the Data Button if you wish to do any data entry Enter the data on the sample using the Virtual Keyboard Initiate the analysis When the sample has been sufficiently analyzed stop the analysis View the composition returned Remove the sample 42 Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide Thermo Scientific 4 Basic Operation Analysis Modes Using Mining Cu Zn Mode 1 Clean the sample to be analyzed so it is free of all surface contamination 2 Place the analyzer so that the sample covers the analysis window 3 Select the Mode icon a Select Mining Cu Zn from the Mode Menu 4 Select the Analyze icon a Select the Data Button if you wish to do any data entry b Enter the data on the sample using the Virtual Keyboard 5 Initiate the analysis 6 When the sample has been sufficiently analyzed stop the analysis 7 View the composition returned 8 Remove the sample Thermo Scientific Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide 43 4 Basic Operation Analysis Modes Using Mining Ta Hf Mode 1 Clean the sample to be analyzed so it is free of all surface contamination 2 Place the analyzer so that the sample covers the analysis window 3 Select
6. VCool VCool will vary with the ambient temperature Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide 135 8 Learning More Service and Support Tips and Troubleshooting SubBias SubBias should be within this range ll or 3 Escale Escale should be within this range 6 6 through 9 0 Preamp Preamp value should only be noted and reported to Service if there is a problem 136 Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide Thermo Scientific Error Messages 8 Learning More Service and Support Tips and Troubleshooting The analyzer will auto detect many perceived hardware problems and may display the following error messages systen Check Detector Error System Check Aborted Please Recheck Close Recheck system Check X Ray Tube Error System Check Aborted Please Recheck pK Close Recheck Figure 11 The Specs Screen Menu Path system Check Shutter Error System Check Aborted Please Recheck System Check System Error Please Recalibrate Res 221 ev Scale 7 342 Close Recheck Please re run the System Check and if the problem persists contact customer service Thermo Scientific Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide 137 8 Learning More Service and Support Tips and Troubleshooting Registration and Licensing FAQ FAQ As a user of a Niton XL2 analyzer you may be required to register or obtain a license with your local radiation control authority In the US if you intend to
7. HAM 0 111 Wa 13 174 11 37 23 131 HIN IX 2 280 21074 11 377 211403 11 M1 113m 11 174 211404 24 13 0 244X11 13 171 1234044 MIN 22 111 4z 471 17 2311 3511 33 117 24 774 23 483 31371 NA A1 44 213317 1313441 114103 34 7230 H A 3 123 853 IHI MAN c m Disable User File Security Cancel rr e PET TT Rl PePRFOP ROP SET PP APPA ERY ARPS ERP PY PEP PFO KARP Reo Teese Figure 22 Creating the Security Key 5 Create a unique security key then select the OK Button ls HITOM Data Transfer 3 d B BH S E o a n wg Ft preme tbo pii pep Bral E meii dpnt imd Soraia MNR DA 14M 5 L LIN P i4 201 5 1X8 17 ci 14211 1421 lar is 139 K 134 131 Cu i152 14M Se 09 408 in 4 52 4 9 35s I 43 1 4343 _rea fa ja 1419 1403 an za am Fa aa aN i le ax aan in T4m 701 Create the security key Please remember itl leu Saas nom in JAN AAM Ga 331 3 22 Ga sam san m xi344 x150 za 1 13 1131 ir 1193 NAA in IAR 121 92 Rb 11 9 1119 T or NBI 14m Disable User File Security separa een x 11 773 15 51 es ine Mal 021 Ina 1742 IIN Tc B I 151 ok e C II Rh xis MM Pd 1 177 2100 Jag 11 431 11320 ice IIN 2219M in 3 12 2440 Sn 21 3731 23044 th zm 11 Ta 11431 12202 1 21412 23 117 Ya BIA HAM eu 319731 X825 Ba 31 4 3121 La 31441 1104 Ca 231 HIA Pr mum n S 11332 MT
8. Light Light Light Main Main Main Main Substrate Plastic Stainless Soil Aluminum Stainless Plastic Soil Max 5cm lt 0 01 lt 0 01 lt 0 01 0 5 0 01 5 0 0 9 Max 30 cm 0 01 0 01 0 01 0 01 0 01 0 4 0 01 Max Q Trigger 0 01 0 01 0 01 0 01 0 01 0 8 0 01 Table 9 Niton XL2 GOLDD Radiation Profile Scatter Measurements uSv hr Table 9 Niton XL2 GOLDD Radiation Profile Scatter Measurements uSv hr kV uA 8 100 8 100 8 100 45 444 45 44 4 45 44 4 45 444 Thermo Scientific Range Light Light Light Main Main Main Main Notes Substrate Plastic Stainless Soil Aluminum Stainless Plastic Soil Max 5cm 0 1 0 1 0 1 5 0 0 1 50 9 0 Max 30 cm 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 4 0 0 1 Max Q Trigger 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 8 0 0 1 Scatter measurements were taken at a radius of 5 or 30 cm around the nose of the analyzer with the highest scatter dose rate being recorded Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide 15 2 Using Your Analyzer Safely and Effectively Using Your Analyzer Table 10 Niton XL2 GOLDD Radiation Profile In Beam Measurements Rem hr Table 10 Niton XL2 GOLDD Radiation Profile In Beam Measurements Rem hr kV uA Range Contact Deep Contact Shallow 5cm Deep 30 cm Deep 3 100 Light 0 01 980 0 002 0 001 45 44 4 Main 30 130 8 1 0 51 Table 11 Niton XL2 GOLDD Radiation Profile
9. ca 3 231 3 211 Ja 2 9 3 5 mm 31344 X1 9M Upload sa 11333 11 34 In IAH 112m inr 1144 12 92 H 11 23 11 14 zr HBI 14M iv HIM 244901 Iz 15 273 15 841 ine Mal 3 221 Connect Disconnect Settings Test ma 14m 11M Te EMT 33 251 E HIN KLIN Rh Mau mIn Fd 11177 3100 j 11 43 213320 lcd 111 221324 Ian HIN 244M1 is 23 3731 21044 Zh 21 398 28 111 In 11431 12 02 i BA 23 317 xa HIA Xam n 31271 X145 Ba Jl 44 31317 La 1144 IIH Cu 3 2202 HIA k Mam 35 591 Fid 11 21 3447 Figure 30 Selecting Upload L5 14 I 16 Select the Settings Button and choose the comm port that your analyzer is connect to Select the Connect Button then the Upload Button Upon completion you will receive a File Upload Successfully Completed message Click the OK Button save your password file at this time by selecting the File icon then Save As Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide 167 8 Advanced Settings Tools Menu Options Eria ict Download memo nra mii papir Berai Wii Spat lpk Fmopetes About E zi a Pg LIH LHH ai Lay 14M 5 1m LIN P i4 iun 5 1X8 1 33 c is 142 ism lH Ik 114 3231 ice Lal 1489 Se AHI 40m In 4 31 4 913 Iu 4331 434 la 1 419 35 413 Mn 177 SAM ira s ANI lcs 440 431 im 7 473 7 381 Cu aga N03 BENE LI BEEEEE an DTE ACH ca 4 1332 3 223 a 3 493 33 3 File Upload SUCCESSFU
10. can also use the Shift Click method of selecting a range of readings as described above 118 Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide Thermo Scientific Thermo Scientific 7 Connectivity Downloading Data Reading Types General Metals Download All General Metals Readings Figure 62 Using Check Boxes 10 The download generates a data file containing the selected readings To save the file for later use c Enter the path for the file in the Destination Folder field You can use the button to browse Destination Folder Ic M anualssNDT Manual File Hame alloy readings A Figure 63 The Browse Button d Enter a name for the file in the File Name field CAUTION Some characters are not allowed in the file name Characters such as the 7 sign will cause an error Niton recommends using only alphanumeric characters _ and the space character when naming a file e Click the Download button Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide 119 7 Connectivity Downloading Data Download Readings from XRF Analyzer E l 7 xj Reading Types _ReadngNo ReadingType Group Reading Time C General Metals El1 General Metals Reading 2010 04 30 11 13 C System Check L1 BS System Check Reading 2010 05 06 13 58 Ha General Metals Reading 2010 05 06 13 58 C1 84 General Metals Reading 2010 05 06 13 59 L B5 General Metals Reading 2010 05 06 13 58 L Bs General Metals Reading 2010 05 06 14 00 F G
11. in the form R x xx Thermo Scientific Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide 87 6 Data Management Viewing Data Ka Kb La Lb and or Lg peaks of the three elements closest to where your cursor is positioned on the energy scale Bottom Right This information is written with the element symbol first followed by either Ka K shell alpha peak Kb K shell beta peak La L shell alpha peak La L shell beta peak or Lg L shell gamma peak An example would be Al Ka 1 48 To determine if a given element is present look at the count rate at that cursor position Note SpectraView cannot be used to determine exact element percentages in a sample Fitting the Spectrum By using the touch screen you can select parts of the displayed spectrum and zoom in Touch and hold the stylus to the screen immediately before the area of the spectrum you wish to enhance then still holding the stylus to the screen sweep it across the area of the spectrum you wish to see closer lifting the stylus from the screen when you pass the end of the area of interest The screen will display vertical lines to either side of the area of interest delineating the boundaries of the area Cs La 4 29 Sc Kb 4 46 Figure 28 Delineating the Area of Interest Select the FIT button in the upper right hand corner of the Spectrum to fit the area of interest to the display area 88 Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide Thermo Scientific 6 Data Management Vie
12. more of the primary beam to escape In beam primary radiation dose rates for the Niton XL2 are listed in Table 6 and Table 7 or Table 10 and Table 11 for the Niton XL2 GOLDD and their location identified relative to the analyzer in Figure 4 as Dose Point C Secondary Radiation Under conditions of normal and proper use individuals can be exposed to secondary or scattered radiation Secondary radiation is low level radiation that emanates from the sample being analyzed as a result of primary beam radiation scattering in the sample or primary beam radiation inducing fluorescent x rays in the sample Dose points A A and B in Figure 4 are examples of where you can encounter secondary radiation The magnitude of this secondary radiation is sample dependent Higher atomic mass and density samples such as steel will emit the lowest levels as they absorb most primary and secondary radiations Lower atomic mass and density samples such as aluminum wood and especially plastic will produce higher levels of secondary radiation Secondary radiation dose rates for the Niton XL2 are listed in Table 4 and Table 5 or Table 8 and Table 9 for the Niton XL2 GOLDD for a few common sample types over a wide range of densities The operator is reminded that one should never hold samples during analysis doing so will result in higher than necessary exposure to secondary radiation and could expose the operator directly to the much higher primary beam d
13. to a fine powder Dry the sample if it is moist and cohesive The sample can be dried in any of several ways Choose one of the following Oven dry the sample for approximately 2 hours at 150 C until the sample reaches a constant weight Note Oven drying is inappropriate when volatile compounds may be present in the sample For example lead present as tetraethyl lead would be driven off by the heat of drying Some forms of mercury and arsenic are volatile Air drying will preserve more of these volatile substances Air dry the sample overnight at room temperature in a shallow pan e Stir gently and warm the sample in a pan over a hot plate or burner Coning and Quartering You may need to divide your sample at various times during preparation Coning and quartering is a method for dividing the sample into homogenous quarters Pour the dry material slowly and carefully onto a flat sheet or pan forming a symmetrical cone Divide the cone into equal piles using a flat thin bladed tool such as a knife or ruler Divide these in half again Now you have four samples each one quarter the size of the original and each more homogenous than the original Grind the sample to break up dirt clods and or paint chips WARNING Grinding and sifting dried samples produces dust Even clean soil contains silica which may be hazardous when airborne Prepare all samples in a ventilated area wear a mask gloves and an apron and sprea
14. 2010 05 06 13 53 General Metals Heading 2010 05 06 14 00 General Metals Heading 2010 05 06 14 00 General Metals Reading 2010 05 06 14 07 General Metals Heading 2010 05 06 14 08 General Metals Heading 2010 05 06 14 10 General Metals Heading 2010 05 06 14 10 Available Checkboxes General Metals Reading 2010 05 06 14 13 General Metals Heading 2010 05 06 14 13 Destination Folder General Metals leading 2010 05 06 14 14 c Manuals New Manuals NDT Es General Metals Reading 2010 05 06 14 14 File Mame General Metals Reading 2010 05 06 14 14 KL249885 e General Metals Reading 2010 05 06 14 15 General Metals Reading 2010 05 06 14 15 imreas on oa e Ee General Metals Reading 2010 05 06 14 15 Current Readings List Query readings complete please select readings For download B 115200 COMS Figure 60 Current Reading List Connection Status 9 Select the readings that you want to download There are two ways to do this a Click the boxes next to each of the reading numbers to select or de select individual readings You can select a range of readings by pressing the shift key then selecting the first and last reading in the range All readings from the first reading selected to the last will then be selected ALLOY Heading ALLOY Heading ALLOY Heading ALLOY Heading Selected Readings Figure 61 Selecting Readings b Click the boxes on the left to select or de select all the readings of a specific type You
15. A rubber backup pad and a retaining nut are needed to use with sanding discs See picture below Thermo Scientific Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide 55 5 Common Operations Metal Sample Prep Figure 6 Rubber Backing Pad and Nut In the US sanding discs are 4 5 inch diameter and can be purchased in various grit sizes of 36 to 120 The surface abrasive can be one of the following materials aluminum oxide silicon carbide or zirconia alumina The selection of sanding discs is covered in the next section 56 Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide Thermo Scientific Sanding Discs Thermo Scientific 5 Common Operations Metal Sample Prep Figure 7 Assembling the Grinder Remove the battery before assembling the grinder backup pad and sanding disc Start by installing the backup pad onto the drive shaft of the grinder or with some backup pads You will need to screw it onto the threaded shaft Next place the sanding disc over the drive shaft onto the backup pad Hold the locking button on the reverse side of the grinder while tightening the retaining nut into the hole of the sanding disc Once the backup pad sanding disc and locking nut are secured reinstall the battery The grinder is now ready for use It has been well tested and determined that samples can be easily contaminated by the abrasive material contained in and on a sanding disc An example would be the increase in aluminum content of carbon steel after grinding the
16. Connecting Connected to USBIL JFATI Search Connect Search Connect GPS Config GPS Config Reset Disable Reset Disable Close Close Figure 49 Connecting Via Bluetooth Open the program you are attempting to connect to Here we are connected to NDT running the analyzer remotely over COM 5 Thermo Scientific Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide 111 7 Connectivity Connecting From Your Analyzer to Your PC File video Help ES O0 E X X 1 m ng Start Stop Batch Connect Disconnect Download Settings Video My Current Name XL3t 16 Address Figure 50 Connecting Via Bluetooth Connect Button Select a located Bluetooth device from the Search List then select the Connect Button to connect to that device GPS Button 112 Select the GPS Button to download GPS data from a connected GPS Device Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide Thermo Scientific 7 Connectivity Connecting From Your Analyzer to Your PC GPS Specs 2 52 13 GMT Lat 3355 2607 H7S S Long 15111 554 E W Altitude Quality Hum Sat Close Figure 51 Bluetooth GPS Data Screen Reset Button Selecting the Reset Button initiates a Bluetooth reset Config Button BT Device Configure Current Name USBIL PROE1 Type COMPUTER v COD Q01CO10C Address O0 T1E37FESBIC Save Close Thermo Scientific Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide 113 7 Connectivity Using a USB Cable to Connec
17. Gerai 8 seri fe otet lpia Properties About Fart Cardona memre User Configuration E L 1mm F 1 114 1 111 i 1 Xn 1 XI17 Privileges d LEM ee IE 1 11 1 311 UserName Check Al z E ond O e E Ihn E7 3 333 Delete Reading jo im ss Password NC OTI lu bm m ah E Se Confirm Password Calibration Curve E as xam y za 11 111 11 3421 muere edes M Men Source Config c ue oe The password MUST be all numeric e i E E DEM TA A A A r A a Change Modes The password MUST be betwen 4 31 characters Chand deri X z ria map i sa f urat tme d M Marlene ine Store Signature Cancel Element Display Edit Library Safety Easy Trigger Raady Ka la Ah Figure 25 User Creation Dialog Box Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide 163 8 Advanced Settings Tools Menu Options 8 Enter a user name and password then select the privileges assigned to this user Selecting the Check All check box will result in enabling all features L MITDA Data Transfer Untstlod1 Fe Edt vew Took Lines Window Heb ole m 3 W ases Stin Pali Preis Coen Epot Deenicad Bsr ter pota X User Configuration Privileges User Name Jimmy Iv Check All Delete Heading Password Ez Contin Password s The password MUST be all numeric The password MUST be betwen 4 31 characters oen Delete Sig
18. LIMITATION ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR ANY PARTICULAR PURPOSE SELLER DOES NOT WARRANT THAT THE PRODUCTS ARE ERROR FREE OR WILL ACCOMPLISH ANY PARTICULAR RESULT Accessories Spares and Consumables exclusions List A Specific warranties of some common accessories Battery Charger and batteries 12 months nstrument accessories 12 months Consumable no warranty 192 Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide Thermo Scientific 8 Service Warranty e Soil Grinder no warranty e Single stage or two stage helium tank regulator 12 months Test stands extend a poles and docking stations 12 months Parts or spares sold installed or supplied outside of the product warranty period and not listed above 12 months Thermo Scientific Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide 193 8 Service Warranty 194 Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide Thermo Scientific
19. Pull shackle out and rotate it 180 degrees and secure it Your lock now has its own secret combination CAUTION Always transport the unit in its padded carrying case and store the Niton Analyzer in its case whenever it is not being used 140 Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide Thermo Scientific Thermo Scientific 8 Learning More Service and Support Storing and Transporting Your Niton XL2 Analyzer CAUTION In most cases no notification is required if transporting within state boundaries This may not be the case when entering federal properties CAUTION Within the United States always keep a copy of the US DOT compliance statement in your Niton analyzer case at all times A copy is included with your analyzer CAUTION Always follow all pertinent local and national regulations and guidelines wherever your analyzer is transported or used CAUTION Always obtain a Return Authorization RA number from Thermo Fisher Scientifics Service Department in the United States toll free at 800 875 1578 or outside the United States at 1 978 670 7460 before returning your analyzer to the Service Department or to your local Authorized Niton Analyzers Service Center CAUTION If you return your Niton analyzer without the carrying case you will void your warranty in its entirety You will be billed for a replacement case plus any repairs resulting from improper shipping CAUTION CAUTION Always remove the battery pack when transporting or
20. Samples We recommends establishing a specific sample protocol Following this protocol for preparing and testing samples is vital for achieving a level of accuracy comparable with laboratory results The equipment you need to prepare samples is included in your kit Among these are a mortar and pestle several different sized metal sieves and cups to hold the samples CAUTION All test equipment must be kept clean to prevent contaminationof samples Cleaning Your Equipment The mortar pestle and grinding mill may be cleaned with dry paper towels You can also clean the mortar pestle and the mill s container with water but be sure each is absolutely dry before using them on another sample T he mortar and pestle may be cleaned by grinding clean dry sand in the mortar Use the short bristle brushes included in your Soil Testing Kit to clean the sieves If you have an electric soil grinder in your kit when the soil grinder blades wear out unbolt the worn blades and replace them Call the Thermo Sales Department at 1 800 875 1578 for replacement blades Note Using the soil grinder may artificially increase the amount of Fe in soil samples 60 Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide Thermo Scientific 5 Common Operations Soil Sample Prep Sample Preparation Prior to analysis the material should be dry and well homogenized Ideally the entire sample should be dried to constant weight sifted to remove gravel and debris and ground or milled
21. Time and return to the Start Stop Settings Screen Save Button Selecting the Save Button will save your current settings Thermo Scientific Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide 185 8 Advanced Settings Safety Settings Methods of Operation CAUTION After being powered on your Niton Analyzer will perform an internal re calibration before an analysis is initiated It is recommended that you let your analyzer warm up for ten minutes after start up before testing is begun There are six different methods of operation for taking a sample measurement and your analyzer will be configured to use one of those methods for alloy samples depending on the regulatory requirements of your locality These methods are Trigger Only method With the Trigger Only method you only need to place the measurement window flush with the sample to be analyzed and pull the trigger for sample analysis to be initiated Trigger and Proximity Sensor method With the Trigger and Proximity Sensor method you must place the measurement window against the sample to be analyzed to engage the proximity sensor on the front of the analyzer then pull the trigger for sample analysis to be initiated Momentary Irigger Touch and Proximity Sensor method With the Momentary Irigger Touch and Proximity Sensor method you must place the measurement window against the surface to be analyzed to engage the proximity sensor on the front of the analyzer then pull the t
22. can also be used to identify or mark the metal during the manufacturing process Components of paint are divided into classifications of pigments binders solvents additives and fillers The inorganic elements in pigments will contribute to increases in displayed values for those elements if paint on the metal surface is not removed prior to testing Be especially careful of the presence of heavy elements which can also act to shield x rays from lighter elements in the metal sample The following is a list of some of the most common components of paint Antimony Sb ead Pb Titanium Ti e Zinc Zn Cobalt Co ron Fe ead Pb Green Paint Chromium Cr An experiment was conducted to determine the effect and severity of surface problems on XRF results Results from analyses of a 1541 alloy steel sample are shown below before and after surface grinding The sample had painted markings of light to medium thickness on the surface as well as light rust Note the change in titanium zinc and cobalt levels after surface grinding Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide 49 5 Common Operations Metal Sample Prep Table 2 Prepped and unprepped painted metal analysis Sample Mn Ni Cr Mo Ti Zn Co Ground Surface 1 49 0 04 0 03 0 004 0 011 0 0001 0 03 Unground Surface 1 34 0 01 0 04 0 011 2 507 1 751 0 21 Oil Grease amp Cutting Oils Oil and grease contain a number of elements combined into a viscous substan
23. chemistry The best procedure to measure undersized samples is to use the Thermo Scientific Niton portable test stand optional which is shielded to prevent radiation exposure to the operator An undersized sample may alternately be measured while lying on another material Results may be affected by the signal coming from the underlying material itself Use only pure aluminum pure plastic or clean wood and employ the Disable Al feature Use the Tools Menu then select Disable Al and check the underlying surface itself to be sure no metals are present Be sure to use the Tools Menu and select Enable AI before testing aluminum alloys Thermo Scientific Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide 21 3 How to Analyze General Analysis 28 Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide Thermo Scientific 4 Basic Operation Taking a Sample Analysis Basic Operation Taking a Sample Analysis 1 Clean the sample to be analyzed so it is free of all surface contamination Thermo Scientific Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide 29 4 Basic Operation Taking a Sample Analysis 2 Place the analyzer so the sample is covered by the analysis window 30 Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide Thermo Scientific Analyze Data 3 Select the Sample Type Icon Return Metals Plastic ty 5 Consumer Minerals Goods Thin Films Spectral FingerPrint 4 Basic Operation Taking a Sample Analysis Sample Type System System Advanced Check TestA
24. d vee cose E IO d esr ded iore 149 NDF Files User Data Structuring s career e CSI eot epa o Eee m drag 169 ec idpders e REESE T IT EL TOTIS 181 C OHICEdn nore o bead ibo ca b ee Ce Oe eee ome ee deen ewes 188 Chapter8 Service si c 0icsc2eheseasecina Jocceeheviwidedeeeeveete dissect NEM ESEEE 191 S TEIN e staan hb setae dh dnt Seah Gta da d Os Rte nk a tens tei sn shad Rd oe eon tis 191 2 manual name Thermo Scientific Contact Us Americas Europe Asia Niton Analyzers Headquarters Europe and Africa Asia and Middle East 900 Middlesex Turnpike Joseph Dollinger Bogen 9 Room 1101 Building 8 80807 Munich 11 F Asia Standard Tower Billerica MA 01821 Germany 59 65 Queen s Road USA Phone 49 89 3681 380 Central Hong Kong Tel 800 875 1578 Fax 49 89 3681 3830 Phone 852 2869 6669 Tel 1 978 670 7460 Fax 852 2669 6665 Fax 1 978 670 7430 niton eur thermofisher com niton thermofisher com l l niton asia thermofisher com NitonEurope support thermofisher com NitonAsia Support thermofisher com Contact Us 2 Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide Thermo Scientific 1 Manual Overview Warnings Cautions and Notes Manual Overview Warnings Cautions and Notes Warnings Example Warning Cautions Example Caution Notes Example Note Figures Thermo Scientific Warnings are extremely important recommendations violating which may result in either injury to yourself or others or damage to your analyzer an
25. even if the analyzer is used as much as 2 000 hours per year with the shutter open continuously The only anticipated exceptions to the 200 mrem maximum annual dose are 1 routine and frequent analysis of plastic samples without use of a test stand backscatter shield or similar additional protective measures or 2 improper use where a part of the body is in the primary beam path Note NEVER OPERATE THE DEVICE WITH A PART OF YOUR BODY IN THE PRIMARY BEAM PATH OR WITH THE PRIMARY BEAM PATH DIRECTED AT ANYONE ELSE Also consider the use of protective accessories such as a shielded test stand or backscatter shield or equivalent when performing routine and or frequent analysis of any of the following 4 Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide Thermo Scientific Thermo Scientific 2 Using Your Analyzer Safely and Effectively Using Your Analyzer e light materials such as plastic wood or similarly low density low atomic mass samples e thin samples such as foils circuit boards and wires e samples that are smaller than the analysis window Shown in Table 1 are the typical background radiation doses received by the average member of the public The radiation dose limits for radiation workers in the US are also shown in Table 2 Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide 5 2 Using Your Analyzer Safely and Effectively Using Your Analyzer Table 1 Typical Radiation Doses Received Source NCRP 1987 Category Average total dose in US ann
26. from the upper wall of tubing will not contribute to the signal measured X rays of such elements as cadmium antimony tin or barium in the upper wall will significantly contribute to overall signal It is therefore imperative to either flatten the tubing for analysis or cut it in pieces and then analyze as shown in Figure 40 Figure 18 Incorrect Way to Measure Heat Shrink Tubing Figure 19 Correct Way to Measure Heat Shrink Tubing WARNING Thickness correction is only for use with plastic polymer samples Thermo Scientific Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide 159 8 Advanced Settings Tools Menu Options Enable Disable Paint Selecting the Enable Paint option from the Tools Menu will enable the Painted Products mode and toggle the option to Disable Paint Selecting the Disable Paint option will disable Painted Products mode and toggle the option to Enable Paint Action Level Selecting the Action Level option from the Tools Menu will anable you to change the action level used for qualitative testing Print Data Selecting the Print Data option from the Tools Menu will print the currently displayed data to the optional attached printer See Setting Up the Printer for details Coatings Method Metals are sometimes coated with various materials If you wish to analyze the coating select the Coatings Method 160 Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide Thermo Scientific 8 Advanced Settings Tools Menu Options Passwords and User Pr
27. it is typically most appropriate to analyze these samples in a test stand when possible 182 Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide Thermo Scientific Start Stop Setup Thermo Scientific 8 Advanced Settings Safety Settings Element Element Range Sorting Element Display Thresholds Units Consumer Adjust Goods Safety Calibration Start Stop Settings Proximity Start Remote Trigger Easy Trigger Max Time 600 0 Save Figure 56 The Start Stop Settings Menu Path The Start Stop Setting Screen enables you to change the preconditions for operation at a lower level than the Safety level See Safety Settings for more information Start Stop settings cannot contradict Safety settings If your safety setting requires the use of the Proximity Button you cannot set start stop settings which ignore the Proximity Button For example the Easy Trigger start stop setting must have the Backscatter safety setting enabled While using Easy Trigger you cannot disable Backscatter Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide 183 8 Advanced Settings Safety Settings The Start Stop parameter options are Proximity Start Remote Trigger and Easy Trigger There is also a field to set the maximum time for sample analysis before the analysis stops Proximity Start Select the Proximity Start checkbox to use the Proximity Start parameters Using Proximity Start once the reading has been started release of the Proximity Button will immed
28. none already there from a previous reading 174 Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide Thermo Scientific 8 Advanced Settings NDF Files User Data Structuring Item Selected New Field v Required Incremental Figure 43 Field Status Window Options Enabled This shows a field with both Required and Clear Every Reading options in effect This presents a field that is cleared for each reading and must be filled in by the user before a reading is taken Selecting Edit from the pop up menu allows you to edit the name of the field in the Editing Window to the right of the Construction Window Required Untitledi Incremental E Untitled Clear Every Reading amp z Alloy New Entry 0 New Field Figure 44 Editing the Field Name Selecting the box to the left of the field toggles the Required option on or off Thermo Scientific Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide 175 8 Advanced Settings NDF Files User Data Structuring umen E Untitled ET allo Checked ltem Selaciad Cancdtion Clear Every Reading lncramental Figure 45 Toggling the Required Option Selecting Copy from the pop up window allows you to copy the currently selected field 176 Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide Thermo Scientific 8 Advanced Settings NDF Files User Data Structuring Required Required Incremental Incremental Clear Every Reading Clear Every Reading New Entry New Entry Sort Sort Figure 46 Copying the Current F
29. on the USB cable into the USB port in the handle of the XRF Analyzer 4 Upon initial installation insert the NDT disk located behind the foam in your case Follow the prompts and install the USB driver located on the disk be Mini USB Connector USB Port di Serial Port Power Port Remote Trigger Wrist Strap Port Anchor Figure 55 Mini USB Connector Thermo Scientific Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide 115 7 Connectivity Downloading Data Downloading Data Standard Download To download data you have collected offline 1 Make sure that the XRF Analyzer is connected to your computer See Using Your Analyzer With Your PC on page 109for more information 2 Turn on the XRF Analyzer See the manual for the XRF Analyzer for more information Note Wait at least 30 seconds after turning on the XRF Analyzer to begin downloading files The System Start screens do not allow downloading 3 Start Niton Data Transfer 4 Click the Download button The Download dialog box will open F NITON Data Transfer File Edit View Tools Ukilities Window Help Open Save Print Preview Poly Export J Download Download Button Figure 56 The Download Button 5 In the Download dialog box Select the Test button to test the serial connection to the Analyzer i lx ReadngNo ReadingType Grup ReadingTime es Test Button Destination Folder C Manuals New Manuals NDT Es File
30. on the same part The following is a partial list of elements that are used to plate the surface of base metals Ni Cr Cadmium Cd Tin Sn Zn Al Cordless Right Angle Drill This style of drill is recommended for most surface preparation in the field because it gives the operator the greatest amount of control and thus safety when grinding samples When moving a sanding disc on a conventional drill over a sample forces tend to produce movement the operator may find difficult to control Control and stability are important in grinding from effectiveness and safety perspectives A cordless right angle drill similar to the one pictured below is recommended for light to medium surface removal For materials with heavy oxidation such as carbon and low alloy steel an angle grinder explained in the next section is recommended A kit with the drill batteries and charging units can be purchased from ThermoFisher or companies such as DeWalt Hitachi Makita Milwaukee or Ryobi Thermo Scientific Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide 51 5 Common Operations Metal Sample Prep Figure 1 Example of Right Angle Drill A disc holder is needed with the drill to hold the sanding disc In the US we recommend a 3 0 inch disc holder It has a 0 25 inch shank to insert into the chuck of the drill If sanding discs are ordered from a local supplier attention should be paid to the method of attaching the sanding disc to the disc holder There ar
31. sample and qualitatively identify them using the on board software In SpectraView Mode the spectrum is displayed using a linear energy scale along the x axis with the count rate autoscaled logarithmically on the y axis so that the highest peak on the screen reaches the top of the scale How to Use SpectraView You can access the SpectraView screen after taking a measurement in any mode or while viewing a previous measurement by selecting Spectra from the NAV Menu Once you are in SpectraView you can use the up and down positions of the 4 way touch pad to scroll through the spectrum or you can tap on the spectrum display with the stylus to place the cursor at the point you tapped The vertical cursor line indicates the current position along the spectrum Viewing the Information in SpectraView Mode NAY Menu RAY Spectrum Peaks Horizontal Slider Vertical Slider Reading Number Energy at Cursor Position cae D b Read 582 Cs La 4 29 E 4 A5Kev Sc Kb 4 46 Nearest peaks Lg n 30 Ra Ta 4 47 Count Rate Figure 27 The SpectraView Screen By default the following information is shown along with the spectrum e The Reading number Bottom Left in the form Read x where x is the Reading number e The position of the cursor on the energy scale Bottom Left under the Reading number in the form E x xx KeV where KeV is kilo electron volts e The count rate Bottom Left under the energy position
32. secured area to prevent access use and or removal by unauthorized individuals Storage requirements will vary by location particularly with regard to storage at temporary job sites or away from your primary storage location such as hotels and motels and in vehicles You should contact your local Radiation Control Authority to identify the specific storage requirements in your jurisdiction There are no X ray tube specific US Department of Transportation DOT or International Air Transport Association IATA radiation regulations regarding shipping the Niton XL2 analyzer It is recommended that you ship the analyzer in its carrying case and an over pack to protect the sensitive measuring equipment inside the analyzer Do NOT ship the analyzer with the battery pack connected to the analyzer Lost or Stolen Instrument Damaged Instrument Thermo Scientific Note THIS PAGE CONTAINS EMERGENCY CONTACT INFORMATION THAT SHOULD BE AVAILABLE TO THE OPERATOR AT ALL TIMES If the Niton XL2 analyzer is lost or stolen notify your Radiation Safety Officer RSO or the equivalent responsible individual at your company or institution immediately Your company s RSO as well as other important emergency contacts are listed below Your company RSO may need to notify the x ray tube regulatory authority and the local police It is also recommended that a notification is made to Thermo Fisher Scientific Minor Damage If the instrument is intact but there i
33. stop the analysis 7 View the composition returned OO Remove the sample Using Precious Metals Mode 40 1 Clean the sample to be analyzed so it is free of all surface contamination 2 Place the analyzer so that the sample covers the analysis window 3 Select the Mode icon a Select Precious Metals from the Mode Menu 4 Select the Analyze icon Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide Thermo Scientific Thermo Scientific 4 Basic Operation Analysis Modes a Select the Data Button if you wish to do any data entry b Enter the data on the sample using the Virtual Keyboard 5 Initiate the analysis 6 When the sample has been sufficiently analyzed stop the analysis 7 View the composition returned 8 Remove the sample Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide 41 4 Basic Operation Analysis Modes Using Plastics Mode l 2 3 gt OV MA OO Using Soils Mode m NS QJ c QN MA OO Clean the sample to be analyzed so it is free of all surface contamination Place the analyzer so that the sample covers the analysis window Select the Mode icon Select Plastics from the Mode Menu Select the Analyze icon Select the Data Button if you wish to do any data entry Enter the data on the sample using the Virtual Keyboard Initiate the analysis When the sample has been sufficiently analyzed stop the analysis View the composition returned Remove the sample
34. the Zr transferred from the grinding disk to the surface of the Al 7075 s Diamond Sanding Paper Do not use diamond sanding paper for surface preparation in the field Even after extensive and aggressive sanding with diamond paper a metal surface will not be prepared properly Diamond sanding paper is only recommended for removal of very light oxide coatings on flat surfaces such as analytical reference standards Nickel cobalt and steel alloys should be ground using 36 40 50 or 60 grit discs The selection of a grit size of 100 or la inum copper alloys and other softer metals should be ground using 60 or 80 grit discs Grinding stones are not recommended because they will absorb surface material and transfer them onto the next surface ground Safety Rules When using a grinder follow these safety rules e When changing sanding discs always remove the grinder battery to prevent accidental activation of the grinder Allow the grinder to stop spinning before placing it on a flat surface 58 Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide Thermo Scientific 5 Common Operations Metal Sample Prep Replace any damaged or torn sanding discs immediately e Always wear impact eye protection to prevent eye damage from flying debris Place small samples or standards in a clamping device when grinding to prevent accidental contact between the spinning disc and your hand Use proper techniques and safety precautions when grinding b
35. the file If a different instrument is connected and Live Download is started a message will appear saying that the connected instrument and file instrument do not match and Live Download will not start Saving the session as a new file will alleviate this issue Simultaneous Save as CSV File By clicking on the checkbox box labeled Save the readings to CSV file as well you can enable simultaneously saving the data as a standard CSV Comma Separated Value file for use with other programs Thermo Scientific Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide 123 7 Connectivity Downloading Data 124 Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide Thermo Scientific 7 Controlling Your Analyzer From Your PC Controlling Your Analyzer From Your PC The NDTr program allows you to completely control your Niton analyzer remotely from your computer It works over serial or USB connection over the supplied connector or Bluetooth wireless communication See Using Your Analyzer With Your PC for details on how to connect your Analyzer and PC The NDTr Toolbar The NDTr Toolbar is a string of icons along the top of the ND Ir window It looks like this Connect Disegnnect Download Settings Connect j Disconnect rm E M MM Batch Readings Live Download stop Measurement Configure Connection Start Measurement BETES Figure 68 The NDTr Toolbar Start Measurement Clicking this icon will initiate a measurement in whatever mode the analyzer is i
36. the last time a System Check was performed This line gives the proportional charge remaining to the battery Select the OFF Screen Button after System Check Reminder to set a reminder to calibrate your analyzer Selecting the button will open the Cal Reminder Editor Select the number of days you want between reminders with the numeric keys Of the other screen buttons C Clear All E Enter and OFF shuts off the Reminder Function Selecting the E button will enter the current value as the reminder interval and return to the Specs Screen Cal Reminder Days Figure 9 Cal Reminder Editor Screen 134 Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide Thermo Scientific Diagnostics Thermo Scientific 8 Learning More Service and Support Tips and Troubleshooting Select the gt Screen Button to load the Diagnostics Screen The Diagnostics Screen shows Detector Temperature Bias Cooler Voltage SubBias Energy Scale and Temperature in C and F scales The Diagnostics Screen can be of great utility in assuring proper operation of your analyzer 4L2 31714160 L2 800 Diagnostics Det Temp 25 04 Bias 173 90 Vcool 1 467 SubBias 11 03 Escale 7 2383 Pre 32 21 C 389 98 F Figure 10 The Diagnostics Screen The proper ranges of operational values on the Diagnostics Screen follow Det Temp Detector Temperature should be within this range 25 or 5 degrees Bias Bias should be within this range 175 or 10
37. 00 baud rate not supported Incorrect Data in reading XXX Reading will be skipped Error code BOUNDARY ERRORI Incorrect Data in reading XXX Reading will be skipped Error code BOUNDARY ERROR2 Thermo Scientific Action Select another COM port Select another COM port Click the Connect button Turn on the XRF Analyzer If you are using a serial cable check that the cable is inserted snugly If you are using a serial cable select the other COM port If you are using the wireless USB adapter connect the serial port See the Installing and Using Bluetooth manual for complete instructions on setting up the Bluetooth adapter to work with your analyzer Check that the spare battery 1s fully charged Check that the battery 1s fully charged This indicates a potential problem Test the serial port If there is a problem connecting switch baud rate on both the analyzer and the NDT software to 115200 This indicates a version mismatch between your instrument code and the NDT code running on your computer Use a version of NDT that matches the ver sion number of the software on your analyzer This indicates a version mismatch between your instrument code and the NDT code running on your computer Use a version of NDT that matches the ver sion number of the software on your analyzer Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide 121 7 Connectivity Downloading Data Table 4 Error Messages while Downloading Inco
38. Advanced Settings Camera Return to Hain screen 222 4 Sample Analyze Type System Data Advanced Check Bluetooth NANOCI TIOHIS Rotate Touch Screen Screen Return to Hain Screen Bluetooth Printer Rotate Touch Screen Screen T Brightness Lamera Thermo Scientific Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide 189 8 Advanced Settings Camera Figure 58 The Camera Menu Path Configure Camera Vd Enable Camera Vi save Image Figure 59 Setting Up the Camera View and Image Saving Selecting the empty checkbox next to Enable Camera will turn the internal camera on displaying the camera view in the Ready to Test screen Selecting the checkbox again turns the camera off Enable Camera is enabled by default Selecting the empty checkbox next to Save Image will enable image saving with the analysis Selecting the checkbox again will disable automatic saving of image data Save Image is enabled by default Stored camera images from previous measurements can be viewed on the analyzer 190 Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide Thermo Scientific Service Warranty Warranty statement See Contact Us on page to find your nearest Service facility Seller warrants that the Products will operate or perform substantially in conformance with Seller s published specifications and be free from defects in material and workmanship when subjected to normal proper and intended usage by properly trained personnel for t
39. Bracket gently Make sure the opaque portions of the window do not intrude over the large measurement hole in the Bracket Figure 5 Removing the Backing from Prolene Window Left and Applying Window to Bracket Right CAUTION Do not use fingers to press window into place Use a smooth hard surface such as back of tweezers Figure 6 Measurement Window Replaced Replace Window Bracket on the front of your analyzer then insert screws Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide 131 8 Learning More Service and Support Tips and Troubleshooting Tips and Troubleshooting The Specs Screen Figure 7 Select the Specs icon from the System Menu to display the analyzer s specifications These specifications include your analyzer s serial number software and firmware versions and other data Press the Close Screen Button to return to the previous menu Press the gt Screen Button to go to the Diagnostic Menu and press the Screen Button to return to the Specifications Screen 132 Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide Analyze Data Sample Type Instrument Specifications System Return Advanced System Check Bluetooth Printer Audio Rotate Touch Language Screen Screen wm zL2 37460 xL 300 Specifications Time 09 30 09 12 05 SW Ver 7 04 FPGA 4412 Factory QC 9 28 2009 Energy Cal 09 30 09 Battery 100 System Check Reminder days 1 The Specs Screen Menu Path Thermo Scientific Specs
40. In Beam Measurements mSv hr Table 11 Niton XL2 GOLDD Radiation Profile In Beam Measurements mSv hr kV uA Range Contact Deep Contact Shallow 5cm Deep 30 cm Deep e 100 Light 0 1 9800 0 02 0 01 45 44 4 Main 300 1300 81 5 1 Notes In beam dose rates were measured using optically stimulated luminescent OSL dosimeters Reported results are based on measurement results that have been reduced to 2 significant digits by rounding up For example a measurement result of 1441 would be reported as 1500 16 Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide Thermo Scientific 2 Using Your Analyzer Safely and Effectively Using Your Analyzer Figure 4 Primary and Secondary Dose Locations Not to Scale Thermo Scientific Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide 17 2 Using Your Analyzer Safely and Effectively Using Your Analyzer Primary Radiation Primary radiation is radiation that is produced by the analyzer and emitted out through the kapton measurement window Individuals should never place any part of their body in the primary beam path when the x ray tube is on There should always be a sample in contact with the measurement window when the x ray tube is on The sample will absorb most of the primary beam radiation unless it is smaller than the instrument s measurement window or of low atomic mass low density and or very thin Caution should be taken when analyzing samples that are small thin and or low in atomic mass or density as they may allow much
41. Information Instrument Specific Serial Number Model Number Date And Time SW Version Thermo Scientific is any problem 8 Learning More Service and Support Tips and Troubleshooting AL2 37460 EU Specifications Time 09 30 09 12 05 SW Yer 7 04 FPGA 4412 Factory oC 9 28 2009 Energy Cal 09 30 09 Battery 100 System Check Reminder days 1 The Specifications Screen On the Specs Screen standard information on the state of your analyzer is shown for your reference This information should be reported to Service if there is a problem The following is the information supplied on the Specs Screen This is located in the left part of the blue band at the top of the screen This is located in the right part of the blue band at the top of the screen This is the current Date and Time This is particularly important for date stamping This is the currently loaded software version which should be reported to Service if there Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide 133 8 Learning More Service and Support Tips and Troubleshooting FPGA Factory QC Energy Cal Battery System Check Reminder This is the currently loaded FPGA software version which should be reported to Service if there is any problem FPGA versions are always a four digit number Any other number of digits may be a sign of a problem in the FPGA code This is the date that the machine was QCed at the factory This line notes
42. LLY Completed 7 ees ae a 1 31 11 21 B 11934 114m kr a 1 Iv Primary Library Upload OF E Kun Mm n TY 14 258 14 331 Fi 15 373 15511 n Al 1 11 Ma 124X IIN Te Br 5 Au HIN HIN Rh IIa aM Eonnect Disconnect Settings Test led peres lag 22 43 1 cd 11 14 121334 in 413 24002 i 23 331 1504 2 19 2 111 Ta ar4z 17 3202 1 BA 3 2313 Xa mv Nam Ca 31231 X425 Ba 3 4 3131 La 11441 1142 Ca 312320 HIA Pr MIM 1 1 Piel WM M g ie rT m T ia is JA ih Witxrdm Figure 31 Successful Installation Message 17 Restart your analyzer your password file should be successfully installed 168 Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide Thermo Scientific 8 Advanced Settings NDF Files User Data Structuring NDF Files User Data Structuring Creating New User Defined Fields You can create your own data entry fields for your Niton analyzer customized to your own needs and usage These fields are saved in a special format called an NDF Niton Data File file To create a new NDF file select the File menu then select New then select New NDF File Select Select NOF File T j esses Select P ly Download Save Save As Save Selected Readings As Brits Ctrl P Print Preview Print Setup Convert File 1 new soil ndt 2 santa barbara ndt 3 5056thin ndt 4 new filter ndt Exit Figure 32 Creating a New NDF File This will create a new window in which you can c
43. Name Simultaneous Download to MS Excel 0 100 Connection Status z B 115200 COM3 116 Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide Thermo Scientific 7 Connectivity Downloading Data Figure 57 The Test Button 6 You should get a pop up window informing you that the connection tested successfully If the test fails there is a problem with your serial port setup NITON Data Transfer ES xj E JJ Hardware successfully communicating Ke Figure 58 Connection Success Window 7 In the Download dialog box click the Connect button Download Readings from XRF Analyzer D xj _ReadingNo Reading Type Group Reading Time es Query Readings Query Readings Button Destination Folder C Manuals Wew M anuals BH E File Name Simultaneous Download to MS Excel Connect Button 0 100 Connection Status UT Or Jone Figure 59 The Connect Button 8 Click the Query Readings button This will return a list of all current readings on your analyzer The list appears in the large white box in the Download dialog box Thermo Scientific Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide 117 7 Connectivity Downloading Data Download Readings from XRF Analyzer Reading Types 7 General Metals L Bi General Metals Reading 2010 04 30 11 18 C System Check System Check Reading 2010 05 06 13 58 General Metals Heading 2010 05 06 13 53 General Metals Heading 2010 05 06 13 53 General Metals Heading
44. Niton XL2 analyzers do not use film Q How often do I need to perform leak tests on the Niton XL2 A Never Leak tests are only required for analyzers with radioactive isotopes Niton XL2 analyzers do not have radioactive isotopes Storing and Transporting Your Niton XL2 Analyzer Thermo Scientific All Niton Analyzers are transported in waterproof drop resistant fully padded carrying cases with padlocks In most countries Niton XRF analyzers may be transported by car or plane or shipped as an ordinary package For most courier services no special labels are required on the outside of the Niton analyzer case or on additional packaging Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide 139 8 Learning More Service and Support Storing and Transporting Your Niton XL2 Analyzer Figure 12 The Niton Carrying Case All padlocks are shipped with a default combination of 0 0 0 If you change this combination please inform Thermo of the new combination if you return the unit for service To change the combination 1 Dial the default combination to open the lock and pull out the shackle 2 Rotate the shackle 180 degrees and push it down as far as it can go 3 While holding the shackle down rotate it 90 degrees back in either direction and release shackle 4 Change the dial settings to the desired combination record the combination and without disturbing the dials rotate the shackle back 90 degrees to the position it had in step 2 5
45. P Publication 116 recommend that the radiation dose to the embryo fetus of a pregnant woman should not exceed a total of 500 mrem 10 of normal radiation worker limit during the gestation period While this dose limit exceeds the dose limit to a trained operator pregnant workers may want to take special precautions to reduce their exposure to radiation For more information see the U S NRC Regulatory Guide 8 13 Instruction Concerning Prenatal Radiation Exposure which can be found on the resource CD The International Commission on Radiological Protection ICRP is an independent Registered Charity established to advance for the public benefit the science of radiological protection in particular by providing recommendations and guidance on all aspects of protection against ionizing radiation Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide 7 2 Using Your Analyzer Safely and Effectively Using Your Analyzer The National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements NCRD was chartered by the U S Congress in 1964 as the National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements How to Use the Niton XL2 Analyzer Safely The Niton XL2 analyzer is designed to be safe to operate provided that it is used in accordance with manufacturer s instructions Under conditions of normal use monitored operators seldom receive a measurable dose and have not been known to receive in excess of 1096 of the annual occupational dose limits a criteria that would re
46. Thermo Scientific Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide 109 7 Connectivity Using Your Analyzer With Your PC i Icon BT Information My Current Name IXL3t 16 Address 00A0962A61A1 Figure 47 BT Information Screen Selecting the i Icon in the top right of the Bluetooth Setup Screen will open the Bluetooth Information Screen The Bluetooth Information Screen will supply the current name as well as the MAC address of your analyzer Search Button Selecting the Search Button will initiate a search for currently available Bluetooth devices in the area Bluetooth Bluetooth USBIL JFRILLA USBIL SSHARMAL Searching for devices Found 6 devices Search Connect Search Connect Config Config Reset Disable Reset Disable Close Close 110 Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide Thermo Scientific 7 Connectivity Connecting From Your Analyzer to Your PC Figure 48 Bluetooth Searching After the search your analyzer will report which Bluetooth devices it has found in the main window of the screen You can connect your PC and analyzer two different ways from the analyzer to the PC and from the PC to the analyzer Connecting From Your Analyzer to Your PC After searching select the PC you would like to connect to from the main window of the screen Select the Connect Button Your analyzer s screen will show connection progress Bluetooth Bluetooth USBIL JFAILLA EH USBIL JFAILLA USBIL S5SSHARHA1 USBIL SSHARBHMAT
47. Ti etc Their presence results in much stronger absorption of X rays which means that instead of 100mm it takes only about 15mm of compounded PE to achieve saturation thickness for these X rays If the thickness of analyzed polymer sample is less than 5mm for PVC or less than about 9mm for a typical PE the measured intensity of X rays will be a function of both analyte concentration and sample thickness This is why measurements performed on thin samples less than saturation thickness need to be corrected for thickness How to apply Thickness Correction In order for the instrument to apply thickness correction to the measured concentration results the user must be using the Thickness Correction screen and enter the thickness of the analyzed plastic object expressed in mm before the measurement is initiated The thickness may be entered with precision to the second decimal place although in practice only one decimal place is sufficient for effective correction 156 Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide Thermo Scientific 8 Advanced Settings Tools Menu Options Ready To Test Thickness Correction Avg Forward Thickness Spectra Off Back Hide Info Data Entry 2c OK Cancel Ee e Enter Thickness in mm Thickness Correction On O 2 30 mm Edit OK Cancel Figure 15 How to Enable and Adjust Thickness Correction for Plastics Analysis Thermo Scientific Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide 157 8 Advanced S
48. URE FILM Secure the film with the collar The flange inside the collar faces down and snaps into the indented ring of the cup Inspect the installed film window for continuity and smooth taut appearance FILL CUP Set the cup on a flat surface film window side down Fill it with at least five grams of the prepared sample making sure that no voids or uneven layers TAMP SAMPLE Lightly tamp the sample into the cup The end of the pestle makes a convenient tamper 62 Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide Thermo Scientific 5 Common Operations Soil Sample Prep PLACE FILTER Place a filter paper disk on the sample after tamping it STUFF CUP Fill the rest of the cup with polyester fiber stuffing to prevent sample movement Use aquarium filter or pillow filling as stuffing A small supply of stuffing comes with your bulk sample kit CAP CUP Place a cap on your cup LABEL CUP Place a label on teh cup Using a pen with indelible ink write identifying information on the cup Keep a record of the sample designation the site and location the date of the sample and any other relevant comments Cup is ready for testing Thermo Scientific Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide 63 5 Common Operations Preparing Mining Samples Preparing Liquids and Sludge Liquids Fill an XRF sample cup with the liquid to be tested do not pad the sample with cotton The cup must be full so it is best if some liquid is allowed to overflow when t
49. a d ons oe at 68 Setting Display Unisi site dE End E ea an ba dos qo qcE e 71 Adjusting the Element Rage aeo debe gees tapaia Dapqadet ox es 73 Seine te Dare and Time sisternen RS aS eos idee pereo tentis 74 Calibrating tie Touch Sorel cs dud xU ERR INE neers ee eaer ERN 81 Data Management Luseeeeeeeeen I III HH nnn 83 NIGSUITO DO AERE Gor hae side ae TAB etn Cue cio peu arat Nd doe d adeste iE 63 Viewin IHec EDELNESU 2a e doin tor lees konnte RAUS tete te oe 90 casio lata ida edat bb ede Phor DUET USED ELS ea cess esos 91 Nanaeine LID SEBS Cer ICE ER RbE been inte Ue ducite du eae 96 UO nectiVity oia a oienwace gr wis eR ev E E ROC ERE EA RR QU DO D CUR RR e 103 Using Your Analyzer With Your PC 0 0 2 eee eee 109 Connecting From Your Analyzer to Your PC 2 2 2 eee eee ee 111 Using a USB Cable to Connect Your Analyzer 0000 0000 8 114 Downloadi Data ced ad ceed deena dn aset ved aee a cu d v artes 116 manual name 1 Contents Chapter7 Controlling Your Analyzer From Your PC 125 Chapter8 Learning More Service and Support 0 0 cece eee e eee 129 Replacing the Measurement Window 002 cee e eee eee eee 129 Tips and LroubleshooHnggs qeu etm e dicet eter ER o ERR es 132 Storing and Transporting Your Niton XL2 Analyzer lusus 139 Chapter8 Advanced Settings Lsllleeees eene 143 Took Meni DEOS da est aas
50. a drop down menu from which you can select the desired sigma value by clicking on it Set Display Units Alloy Mining Plastic Precious Melis Soil a Save Close Figure 10 Selecting the Sigma Value When you have changed the sigma values to the appropriate number select the Close button to save these settings for use 72 Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide Thermo Scientific 5 Common Operations Adjusting the Element Range Adjusting the Element Range Thermo Scientific Element Range Time l Main Range lly Low Range L High Range lly Light Range Save Figure 11 Adjusting the Element Range Multi Range tests are used to either preferentially excite specific elements for increased sensitivity or to cover a wider element range than one Range alone can provide Most modes when enabled will use several Ranges in sequence to produce a combined analysis result In typical Metals analysis applications Main Range is used for the analysis of most elements Low Range is utilized for the subsequent high sensitivity analysis of V Ti and Cr High Range is is used to optimize the sensitivity for the elements from Palladium Pd through Barium Ba and Light Range is typically used in light element analysis Multi Range switching can be set to activate off time alone or when time switching is disabled off settings in the General Metals grade library In most modes Low and Light Range add the capability to analyze l
51. alyzer User s Guide 147 8 Advanced Settings Main Range Time Figure 6 The Range Time Editor Select the C button to clear the current time then from the virtual numeric key pad select each digit you want to input then select the E button to enter 148 Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide Thermo Scientific 8 Advanced Settings Tools Menu Options Tools Menu Options Avg Forward Thermo Scientific The following options can be performed from the Tools Menu Options which are only on the main Tools Menu are listed as Main Those which can be found only on the alternate Tools Menu are listed as Alt Enables you to average different readings together from this analysis forward Select the Avg Forward button to initiate future sample averaging Avg Forward will set up an automatic personal averaging protocol to be followed until your analyzer is shut down or this feature is disabled To begin select the number of readings you want to average from the virtual numeric keypad Your analyzer will calculate an average reading after that number of tests and continue this pattern until stopped For example if you select 3 on the virtual keypad the analyzer will automatically calculate average and store a reading for every three tests you take storing the individual readings along the way The range number is selected using a virtual numeric keypad on your analyzer similar to the keypad used for login Select the digits in the range
52. ards Pointing Chevron Button to increment increase the hour or the Downward Pointing Chevron Button to decrement decrease the hour Date amp Time ENNNENESEREREN a fe 7 es peu r1 gag zi 22 o n os EAGLE AEXERESNME cave Cancel Figure 17 Changing the Hour To change the minute select the minute numbers The minute numbers will be highlighted in gray Then select the Upwards Pointing Chevron Button to increment increase the minute or the Downward Pointing Chevron Button to decrement decrease the minute Date amp Time e cx 1s uc 2s 1 7 cs ga sc 22 n n cqepmqepmpm Save Cancel Thermo Scientific Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide 19 5 Common Operations Setting the Date and Time Figure 18 Changing the Minute Saving Your Changes To save your changes select the Save screen Button The display will return to the previous screen and the Date and Time will be saved Exiting Without Saving To exit the screen without saving changes select the Cancel Screen Button The display will return to the previous screen and the Date and Time will not be saved 80 Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide Thermo Scientific 5 Common Operations Calibrating the Touch Screen Calibrating the Touch Screen Thermo Scientific Touch Screen Calib Calibrate Touch Screen Are you sure EE Figure 19 Initiating Touch Screen Calibration Select the Calibrate Touch Screen button from
53. ates may contain high levels of the following elements lithium aluminum barium strontium molybdenum or calcium Plated surfaces may have high levels of the following elements zinc chromium nickel or copper CAUTION Anything on the metal surface will become part of your test results Sample Analysis Preparation Thermo Scientific You need to clear the surface of your samples of any paint plating or any oxidation such as rust or verdigris before analysis In order to accomplish this you need the following sopropyl alcohol not rubbing alcohol which contains oils int free paper Diamond paper P N 179 1202 cut into 1 inch 2 5 cm squares Never re use this paper as it may transfer contaminants to the surface of the sample from previous cleanings Depending on the state of the sample several squares may be needed per sample Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide 4 5 Common Operations Metal Sample Prep e A Sample Grinder for removing deeper surface contamination Choice of grinding wheel media also may be important depending on what you are testing for Never re use grinding media as contaminants can be transferred from sample to sample on the media itself For light contamination on hard metal reference standards remove the oxidation by scrubbing the dry sample lightly with the diamond paper square using the fingers to maintain pressure If the diamond paper begins to load up with material discard it and us
54. catter Measurements mRem hr kV uA Range Substrate Max 5cm 15 80 Low Aluminum 0 01 15 80 Low Stainless lt 0 01 15 80 Low Plastic lt 0 01 15 80 Low Soil 0 01 20 80 Low Aluminum 0 01 20 80 Low Stainless 0 01 20 80 Low Plastic 3 20 80 Low Soil 0 01 45 44 Main Aluminum 1 2 45 44 Main Stainless 1 6 45 44 Main Plastic 19 45 44 Main Soil 2 0 12 Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide Max 30 cm 0 01 0 01 0 01 0 01 0 01 0 01 0 01 0 01 0 017 0 01 1 2 0 050 Max Q Trigger 0 01 0 01 0 01 0 01 0 01 0 01 0 01 0 01 0 01 0 01 0 15 0 025 Thermo Scientific 2 Using Your Analyzer Safely and Effectively Using Your Analyzer Table 5 Scatter Measurements off various substrates Dose Rates in uSv hr Table 5 Niton XL2 Radiation Profile Scatter Measurements USv hr kV 15 15 15 15 20 20 20 20 45 45 45 45 uA 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 44 44 44 44 Thermo Scientific Range Low Low Low Low Low Low Low Low Main Main Main Main Substrate Aluminum Stainless Plastic Soil Aluminum Stainless Plastic Soil Aluminum Stainless Plastic Soil Notes Scatter measurements were taken at a radius of 5 or 30 cm around the nose of the analyzer Max 5cm 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 30 0 1 12 16 190 20 Max 30 cm 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 17 0 1 12 0 50 wi
55. ce and applied to moving parts in order to reduce friction Grease coatings can remain on component surfaces after it has been removed from service Grease can also be applied to a metal s surface by accidental contact with other materials coated in heavy grease Metals can also be coated in oil as a result of cutting and machining processes in manufacturing Grease and oil may contain the following elements Aluminum Al e Zinc Zn Molybdenum Mo Sodium Na Calcium Ca An experiment was performed to show how grease on metal surfaces affects XRF results A carbon steel sample was cleaned and ground as a control surface for the experiment XRF tests were performed on the control surface and again after light and heavier layers of automotive wheel bearing grease were applied to the surface of the steel sample Results are shown below Note the elevated levels of molybdenum cobalt and zinc from the grease Table3 Clean and greased sample metal analysis Sample Mn Ni Cr Mo Cu Co Zn Clean Surface 1 18 0 001 0 041 0 004 0 001 0 001 0 019 Light Grease 1 07 0 001 0 001 0 067 0 033 0 322 0416 Heavy Grease 0 96 0 001 0 001 0 500 0 062 1 760 3 430 If a sample s surface contains lubricants or cutting oil use a solvent and a clean towel or rag to remove them before analysis You may then need to grind the surface to insure good results Clean first grind second test last 50 Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide Thermo Scient
56. ction Physical Buttons will always be identified as Buttons in the text and will always be visually presented as follows This is a Physical Button Example Physical Buttons On Oft Escape Button Clear Enter Button Interlock Button and Trigger Button Other Hardware Other Hardware refers to any physical part of the analyzer which performs a necessary function Other Hardware will always be visually presented as follows This is an example of Other Hardware Example Other Hardware Battery Touch Screen Display Measurement Window and USB Cable 2 Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide Thermo Scientific Using Your Analyzer This section discusses the basics of using your analyzer no matter the specific type of analysis you wish to perform First we go over analyzer safety particularly radiation safety Using an X ray based analyzer safely is very important and not difficult provided you read understand and follow these guidelines Secondly we outline the startup procedure we recommend for daily use to ensure that your analyzer is performing properly and at its most efficient level Safely and Effectively Using Your Analyzer CAUTION Niton analyzers are not intrinsically safe analyzers All pertinent Hot Work procedures should be followed in areas of concern WARNING Always treat radiation with respect Do not hold your analyzer near the measurement window during testing Never point your analyzer at yourself or anyone e
57. d a drop cloth Sift using the 10 2mm mesh and separate out the larger pieces stones organic matter metallic objects etc Examine the larger particles by eye but do not include in the sample Grind the sample again so its particles will be finer and more homogenous Use mortar and pestle or an electrically powered grinding mill Sift at least 10 grams of the sample through 60 250 m and 120 125 m mesh Re grind the un passed material until the entire fraction is able to pass Mix the resulting sample Placing the Sample in an XRF Sample Cup Thermo Scientific Note The sample container should be a sample cup of a type that can be filled from the rear that is the side opposite the window e g Thermo NITON Part Number 187 466 Thermo recommends using a 1 4 mil Polypropylene film e g Thermo NITON Part Number 187 461 A supply of cups and films are included Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide 61 5 Common Operations Soil Sample Prep The container used to hold the sample will affect the accuracy of the measurement Use a container with as thin walled a window as is convenient and use the same kind of container and window for each sample Consistency and careful attention to detail are keys to accurate measurement PLACE FILM Place a circle of polypropylene film on top of an XRF sample cup This film goes on the end of the cup with the indented ring Thermo recommends preparing the cup ahead of time if possible SEC
58. d or Hf This mode will return an elemental composition of the ore sample as analyzed Ore Composition is output by default in terms of percent of composition by weight See Using Mining Ta Hf Mode on page 44 Use this mode to analyze samples composed of unknown and or mixed composition such as toys and consumer products This mode will attempt to return a general Material Identification by comparing the analysis with other general types of materials It will select che proper sub mode for analysis and return an elemental composition of the sample as analyzed Material Elemental Composition is output by default in terms of parts per million See Using TestAll Mode on page 44 Use this mode to analyze powder mineral and ore samples without first determining whether the samples would best be analyzed with Mining or Soil Mode This mode uses both the Compton Normalization calibration Soil and the Fundamental Parameters calibration Mining to determine whether the soil calibration is acceptable or whether the total metal content is too high for Compton mode It will then return an elemental composition of the sample as analyzed If the sample can be analyzed via soil mode then the analyzer will display results from both Soil and Mining Modes in one unified list If both calibrations contain the same element then the mode that has the lower detection limit will be displayed Material Elemental Composition is output by default in terms of both
59. d or data Warnings will always be identified as Warnings in the text and will always be visually presented as follows WARNING This is a Warning WARNING Tampering with the 5 500 ppm Lead high lead in soil standard may cause exposure to lead dust Keep all standards out of reach of children Cautions are important recommendations Cautions will always be identified as Cautions in the text and will always be visually presented as follows CAUTION This is a Caution CAUTION Never tamper with Test Standards They should not be used unless they are completely intact Notes are informational asides which may help you with your analyses Notes will always be identified as Notes in the text and will always be visually presented as follows Note This is a Note Note For defensible Quality Control keep a record of the time and precision of every calibration Figures are illustrations used to show what something looks like Figures will always be labelled and identified as Figures directly below the Figure itself and will always be visually presented as follows Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide 1 1 Manual Overview Physical Buttons Set Threshold Select Mode Alloy Mode Precious Metals Mining Mode SuperChem Mode Super PM Mode Plastics Electronics Metal TestAll wi Close Figure 1 This is a Figure Physical Buttons Physical Buttons are actual buttons on the analyzer which must be pushed to activate their fun
60. ding 2010 05 06 14 10 Reading Types General Metals C System Check Query Readings E12 General Metals Reading 2010 05 06 14 13 B13 General Metals Reading 2010 05 06 14 13 Destination Folder E14 General Metals Reading 2010 05 06 14 14 C Manuals N ew Manuals NDT ES B15 General Metals Reading 2010 05 06 14 14 menama E16 General Metals Reading 2010 05 06 14 14 B17 General Metals Reading 2010 05 06 14 15 B18 General Metals Reading 2010 05 06 14 15 Eig General Metals Reading 2010 05 06 14 15 E ra tran fm AE V Els Dub in ntc no 44 40 XL2 49885 p Simultaneous Download to MS Excel Connection Status E 115200 COM3 120 Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide Thermo Scientific 7 Connectivity Downloading Data Figure 65 The Progress Bar You should now see the readings you selected for download displayed one reading per horizontal line The data has been saved to the folder and filename you indicated prior to downloading If an error message has appeared see the following section You can also automatically save reports in csv format for importing into Excel or other programs Simultaneous Save as CSV File Table 4 Error Messages while Downloading Error Message Couldn t open COM7 Error Code 2 The port WACOM2 is in use Please Open the Port Hardware Not Responding or Hardware Not Ready The Serial Port connection failed RFCOMM connection failed WARNING 384
61. do work with your analyzer in states other than your own you may be required to register there as well Below is a list of commonly asked questions that come up when filling out registration forms Q What is the max mA max kVp and max power A Maximum mA is 0 1 mA Maximum kVp is 45 kVp Maximum power 2 watts Q What is the accelerator voltage or MeV A This should be filled out as not applicable N A as it does not apply to Niton XL2 analyzers Q What is the radioisotope A There are no radioactive isotopes in Niton XL2 analyzers Q What category is the Niton XL2 A States differ greatly in their categories the following is a list of common categories e X Ray Fluorescence e Analytical or Analytical XRF Open Beam or Open Beam Analytical Portable Gauge or Portable XRF ndustrial Analytical or Non Destructive Testing When selecting the category make sure that you don t select medical or radiographic Q How many tubes are in the Niton XL2 138 Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide Thermo Scientific 8 Learning More Service and Support Storing and Transporting Your Niton XL2 Analyzer A One Q What is the analyzer serial number A The serial number is a 5 digit number located on the yellow sticker on the underside of your analyzer Q What is the tube serial number A The serial number of the tube can be found on the Calibration Certificate Q What is the type of X Ray Processing A None
62. drying milling and sifting will yield greater accuracy The drier finer and more homogeneous the particles the better the measurements Specimen Preparation Fused Glass Disk The samples need to be predried for 2 6 hours in 105 C depending on the moisture content 1 Grind the dried samples to 200mesh 74 m 2 Calcination Ashing the sample a About 4 6 g of dry pulverized sample is calcinated in an alumina or platinum crucible in a muffle furnace at 1000 C for 1 hour b The sample is cooled in a dedicator and loss on ignition LOD is calculated from weight difference before and after Calcination 64 Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide Thermo Scientific 5 Common Operations Setting Up Beep Times 3 Weight 1 0g of calcinated sample into fusion crucible add 5 0 g of lithium tetraborate and 0 3 lithium fluoride and 10 20 mg lithium bromide as a nonstick agent 4 Fuse in a fluxer for at least 4 min in the flame 5 The resulting disk is released from the mold cooled then presented to the spectrometer Specimen Preparation Pressed Powder Briquette Preparation 1 Thoroughly remix the sample in its jar by rotating in a figure eight motion with two hands 2 Weight 7 0g of sample into weighting boat by taking several separate gram size portions then fine grind sample using a swing mill 3 Add 2 small drops of propylene glycol on the top of the powder sample in the mill as a grinding aid grind 4min at 1000rpm to obtain 10
63. e Impeller 1 Impeller 2 Impeller 3 Required Incremental Select Clear Every Reading s New Entry Sort Edit Copy Delete Paste Thermo Scientific Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide 173 8 Advanced Settings NDF Files User Data Structuring Figure 40 Making Fields Incremental Selecting Clear Every Reading will toggle between two states By default the field will fill with the data which was input during the last reading By selecting Clear Every Reading you tell the instrument to clear the data from the field for each new reading insuring that the person taking the reading must input new data each time This is very useful for times when the data descriptor is expected to vary widely between readings Required Incremental Clear Every Reading Select New Entry Sart Edit Copy Delete Paste Figure 41 Clearing Data for New Readings The state of each of these options can be seen in the Field Status Window at the bottom of the Construction Window All options in effect for the field selected are checked Item Selected New Field i Required Clear Every Reading Status Window Figure 42 Field Status Window Default This shows a field with no options in effect the default configuration This is a field that will present the previous reading s data for this field which may be changed by the user without incrementing it but does not require the user to input any data if there is
64. e Main Range in alloy analysis Low Range is utilized for the subsequent high sensitivity analysis of V Ti and Cr Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide 145 8 Advanced Settings Element List Element List Mode Alloy Mode Mode Alloy Mode Filter Main Filter Filter Low Filter Al Sb Sn Pd Ag Cr V Ti Ho Nb Zr Bi Pb Se W Zn Cu Re Ta Hf Hi Co Fe Hn Cr V Ti Close Element List Hode Mining Mode Filter Light Filter Al F Si Ca K cl 5 Mg Close Figure 4 The Range Element Lists Select the Element List Button to display the Element List for that Range This list shows the elements that the Range is best designed to detect 146 Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide Thermo Scientific 8 Advanced Settings Element Range Mode General Metals 7 7 Main Range Range Times l rLnow Range Autoswitch on Time only Save Figure 5 The Range Time Fields Select the Range Time field for the intended range to change the switch time for that range The Range Time Editor will appear This enables you to set the number of seconds each enabled range is allotted before auto switching will occur when needed during sample testing Your analyzer will auto switch from one range to another when the testing time for that range is greater than or equal to the time you have chosen and the identified alloy is flagged as needing the switch in the Niton Alloy Library Thermo Scientific Niton XL2 An
65. e Pass Fail field for that element acts as an On Off Toggle which will switch Pass Fail mode between On and Off for the selected element Selecting it again will reverse the toggle Consumer Products Option When the Consumer Products Option is selected clicking on the Pass and Fail values works as it does in any other Mode In addition the total of Cl Br is also calculated and used for Pass Fail Testing Max Measure Time Under the Method Setup Measurement Parameters option is a field called Max Measure Time Here you can set up the maximum time your analyzer will continue to analyze the sample Select the Max Measure Time field and a Virtual Numeric Keypad will pop up allowing you to input a new Maximum Measurement Time in seconds The default Max Measure Time is set to 300 seconds Minumum Test Time Thermo Scientific Under the Method Setup Consumer Goods option is a field called Minimum Test Time Here you can set up the minimum time your analyzer will continue to analyze the sample when using the Detection Option only Select the Minimum Test Time field and a Virtual Numeric Keypad will pop up allowing you to input a new Minimum Test Time in seconds The default Minimum Test Time is set to 60 seconds Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide 67 5 Common Operations Virtual Keyboard Virtual Keyboard Whenever you see the Keyboard Icon you can select it to bring up a Virtual Keyboard on your touch screen Generally select
66. e a fresh square When the oxidation is removed wipe the sample with lint free paper soaked with isopropyl alcohol to remove any oils or dust Let the sample dry before attempting analysis For soft metal reference standards wipe the sample with lint free paper soaked with isopropyl alcohol then remove the oxidation by scrubbing the wet sample lightly with the diamond paper square using the fingers to maintain pressure If the diamond paper begins to load up with material discard it and use a fresh square When the oxidation is removed wipe the sample again with lint free paper soaked with isopropyl alcohol to remove any oils or dust Let the sample dry before attempting analysis Oils lint and dust can be removed by wiping the sample with lint free paper soaked with isopropyl alcohol Let the sample dry before attempting analysis Surface Oxidation With the exception of a limited number of metal types most metal alloys form an oxide covering on the surface when exposed to oxygen or air This oxide covering is visible in carbon and low alloy steel as a red colored substance called rust Other metal alloys form oxidation which is not always visible but that does not mean that it is not present If the test results for low concentration elements are higher or lower than expected remove the oxide coating by grinding and retest Follow proper safety procedures when changing discs or grinding materials During a recent case study the effects
67. e of the alloys in the selected list the alloy will Fail the analysis Thermo Scientific Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide 153 8 Advanced Settings Tools Menu Options Setting the Reference Alloys for Pass or Fail Before you use Pass or Fail mode you need to set the Reference Alloys Select the alooy or alloys from the slide down menu on the Pass Fail Setup Screen then select the Add button Pass Fail Setup e Pass Fail Available Selected Search Add Save Close Figure 11 The Pass Fail Setup Screen Searching for Reference Alloys Select the Search button to search the library for the alloy you want as your Reference Alloy backspace space clr return Figure 12 Using the Search Function 154 Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide Thermo Scientific 8 Advanced Settings Tools Menu Options Type the name of your reference alloy into the Virtual Keyboard and the left column will display any matches Select the match you want and the Add button to make it your reference alloy Pass Fail Setup e Pass Fail Available Selected 17 4 PH Clear Search Add Save Close Figure 13 Search Results UHow Pass Fail Mode Works Pass Fail Mode compares the chemistry to that of the alloy s selected using the cutoff you selected When the sample analysis reaches a match with the chemistry of any one of the alloys on the Selected list a PASS or FAIL notice is generated as appropriate 1235 Metal
68. e of the instrumentation warranty is void if this shock sensor is activated ix Excessive water moisture or condensing humidity that breaches the instrument seals X Excessive or extreme ambient or direct temperature or vi Heavy vibrations directly to the instrument for extended periods of time If Seller determines that Products for which Buyer has requested warranty services are not covered by the warranty hereunder Buyer shall pay or reimburse Seller for all costs of investigating and responding to such request at Seller s then prevailing time and materials rates If Seller provides repair services or replacement parts that are not covered by this warranty Buyer shall pay Seller therefore at Seller s then prevailing time and materials rates ANY INSTALLATION MAINTENANCE REPAIR SERVICE RELOCATION OR ALTERATION TO OR OF OR OTHER TAMPERING WITH THE PRODUCTS PERFORMED BY ANY PERSON OR ENTITY OTHER THAN SELLER WITHOUT SELLER S PRIOR WRITTEN APPROVAL OR ANY USE OF REPLACEMENT PARTS NOT SUPPLIED BY SELLER SHALL IMMEDIATELY VOID AND CANCEL ALL WARRANTIES WITH RESPECT TO THE AFFECTED PRODUCTS THE OBLIGATIONS CREATED BY THIS WARRANTY STATEMENT TO REPAIR OR REPLACE A DEFECTIVE PRODUCT SHALL BE THE SOLE REMEDY OF BUYER IN THE EVENT OF A DEFECTIVE PRODUCT EXCEPT AS EXPRESSLY PROVIDED IN THIS WARRANTY STATEMENT SELLER DISCLAIMS ALL OTHER WARRANTIES WHETHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED ORAL OR WRITTEN WITH RESPECT TO THE PRODUCTS AND INCLUDING WITHOUT
69. e relative error of measurement We can see how quickly measurement time would escalate to impractical levels for thinner samples Examples The most frequent instances in which thickness correction would be called for are analyses of plastic sheeting or plastic insulation on wires and or cables and heat shrink tubing Flat plastic sheeting or plastic enclosures pose no problems We can either analyze an object as is or stack several layers of it before analysis Plastic insulation such as that on wiring or cables requires a little more sophisticated approach First the wire must be removed so that only insulation is analyzed Then the insulation should be flattened for analysis and a thickness correction should be applied that is equal to double the wall thickness Alternatively if the insulation is stiff it should be cut lengthwise into strands which are placed on the indtrument for analysis The applied thickness correction should be equal to the wall thickness of the sleeve Both operations are shown in Figure 37 and Figure 38 Figure 16 Wire Insulation Cut Into Strands 158 Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide Thermo Scientific 8 Advanced Settings Tools Menu Options Figure 17 PVC Wire Insulation With Conductor Removed A piece of large diameter heat shrink tubing presents an interesting case It is tempting to analyze this object as is see Figure 39 However one needs to know that while lead or bromine or chromium X rays
70. e three types of connections metal snap on plastic twist and plastic snap on 52 Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide Thermo Scientific 9 Common Operations Metal Sample Prep Figure2 Sanding Disc Before attaching the grinder and sanding disc as pictured below first remove the battery to disable the grinder Then insert the shaft of the disc holder into the drill and securely tighten the chuck Next attach the appropriate sanding disc The method of attachment will vary depending upon the type of fastener on the sanding disc snap on or twist connectors Reinstall the battery and prepare for use Thermo Scientific Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide 53 J Common Operations Metal Sample Prep Figure 3 Attaching the Sanding Disc 1 Figure 4 Attaching the Sanding Disc 2 54 Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide Thermo Scientific 5 Common Operations Metal Sample Prep Cordless Angle Grinder A cordless angle grinder similar to the one pictured below will successfully remove medium to heavy oxidation or paint This grinder which uses a 4 5 inch sanding disc with a rubber backup pad can be purchased from ThermoFisher or industrial tool manufactures like DeWAlt Makita or Milwaukee Figure5 Cordless Angle Grinder Kit A grinder kit typically contains the grinder a battery and charging unit If the kit contains a grinding stone wheel remove and dispose of it Grinding stones are not to be used for XRF sample preparation
71. egulatory Agency Emergency Number Local Fire Department Local or State Police Department Thermo Fisher Scientific s Niton Analyzer Contact Numbers Furope Asia Thermo Scientific Main Number USA 800 875 1578 Additional Radiation Emergency s 978 790 8269 or 617 901 3125 Outside the USA Local Niton Service Center Niton Analyzers Europe Munich Germany Phone 49 89 3681 380 Fax 49 89 3681 3830 Email niton eur thermofisher com Niton Analyzers Asia Hong Kong Phone 852 2869 6669 Fax 852 2869 6665 Email niton asia thermofisher com Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide 21 2 Using Your Analyzer Proper and Improper Operation Registration and Licensing As a user of a Niton XL2 analyzer you may be required to register or obtain a license with your local radiation control authority In the US if you intend to do work with your analyzer in states other than your own you may be required to register there as well See the Safety and Compliance Web Hub for much more information Regarding Safety Devices for the Open Beam Configuration In the US you may be required to file for an exemption variance letter with your state if there is a requirement for a safety device that would prevent entry of an extremity into the primary beam If you need assistance with the exemption letter you may contact the radiation safety group Registration and Licensing FAQ See the Registration and Licensing FAQ o
72. ement sorts are performed alphabetically based on the element symbol Composition Sorts Composition sorts are performed numerically based on the percentage of composition i e from lowest to highest concentration or by toggling again from highest to lowest Error Sorts Error sorts are performed based on the size of the error in the reading i e from largest to smallest error or by toggling again from smallest to largest Thermo Scientific Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide 85 6 Data Management Viewing Data 582 General Metals NAV Tools 609 0 061 521 0 068 83 0 34 24 0 71 493 0 157 04 0 40 58 General Metals NAV Tools Time 5 2 sec 509 0 061 921 0 068 493 0 157 582 General Metals NAV Tools 28 0 48 54 0 40 83 0 34 493 0 157 o21 0 068 609 0 061 Figure 25 Element Composition and Error Sorts Spectrum Graph For any reading result simply use the NAV Menu to gain access to the reading s spectrum graph Selecting Spectra will show a graphed spectrum of this reading called SpectraView SpectraView can be a useful tool for rapid qualitative analysis of a sample See Viewing the Spectrum for details Ma Ka 1 25 Al Ka 1 48 86 Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide Thermo Scientific 6 Data Management Viewing Data Figure 26 The SpectraView Screen Viewing the Spectrum SpectraView SpectraView enables you to to visually inspect the fluorescent x ray peaks obtained from any
73. eneral Metals Reading 2010 05 06 14 00 L S8 General Metals Reading 2010 05 06 14 07 Select Download 0gs General Metals Reading 2010 05 06 14 08 B General Metals Reading 2010 05 06 14 10 OJ 811 General Metals Reading 2010 05 06 14 10 Bl12 General Metals Reading 2010 05 06 14 13 13 General Metals Reading 2010 05 06 14 13 Destination Folder Bid General Metals Reading 2010 05 06 14 14 C Program Files Thermo NITONS gis General Metals Reading 2010 05 06 14 14 File Mame Bis General Metals Reading 2010 05 06 14 14 249885 B17 General Metals Reading 2010 05 06 14 15 B18 General Metals Reading 2010 05 06 14 15 Simultaneous Download to MS Excel m H 18 General Metals Heading 2010 05 06 14 15 Connection Status Query readings complete please B 115200 COM3 Figure 64 The Download Button When the progress bar shows that all the readings are downloaded click the Done button Download Readings from XRF Analyzer xj ReadngNo Reading Type Group Reading Time 4 g1 General Metals Reading 2010 04 30 11 19 L1 G2 System Check Reading 2010 05 06 13 58 E3 General Metals Reading 2010 05 06 13 59 B4 General Metals Reading 2010 05 06 13 59 gs5 General Metals Reading 2010 05 06 13 59 f General Metals Reading 2010 05 06 14 00 B General Metals Reading 2010 05 06 14 00 Bs General Metals Reading 2010 05 06 14 07 E General Metals Reading 2010 05 06 14 08 B10 General Metals Reading 2010 05 06 14 10 B11 General Metals Rea
74. er User s Guide 95 6 Data Management Managing Libraries Erase Fingerprint Are you sure o ee Figure 37 The Erase Fingerprints Confirmation Screen Managing Libraries View Edit alloy libraries les n m System anag hee Advanced Check HUES Fingerprint Figure 38 The Manage Libraries Menu Path Select the Manage Libraries icon to access the Library Management Menu The Library Management Menu allows you to view and modify data in the Primary Library as well as the currently loaded alternate libraries Just select the library you wish to view or editfrom the list on screen 96 Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide Thermo Scientific 6 Data Management Managing Libraries Avallable Libraries Figure 39 Viewing the Libraries The entries in the Grade Library serve as a reference for chemistry based analysis The library entries allow the analyzer to work properly out of the box without needing time consuming pre analysis Library Alloys XL2 800 6 5 2 clb Alloy Name LA 12L14 LA 4130 LA 4140 LA 4340 LA 4820 Add Del Save Close Figure 40 The Library Editor Thermo Scientific Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide 97 6 Data Management Managing Libraries Using the Library Editor Alloy Name Button Name in List Add Button Del Button The Library Editor enables you to edit any library to conform to your specifications Selecting the Alloy Name Button sorts the alloy
75. eryllium beryllium copper lead or titanium alloys e Always follow the safety instructions outlined by the grinder s manufacture as mentioned in the instruction manual Thermo Scientific Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide 59 5 Common Operations Soil Sample Prep Soil Sample Prep Examine the site for differences in surface characteristics before sampling Valid results depend on a sufficient and appropriate selection of sites to sample Incorrect sample collection may give rise to misleading or meaningless results regardless of the analysis method Delineate sections with different characteristics and treat them as different areas It may be desirable to subdivide larger areas even if they have the same characteristics to ensure a thorough examination Make certain to label each bag thoroughly Common information included on each bag includes the person and or the company who collected the sample the location and area where the sample was taken and the date the sample was collected Prepared sample analysis is the most accurate method for determining the concentration of elements in a bulk medium using the instrument Sample preparation will minimize the effects of moisture large particle size variations in particle size and sample non homogeneity Note More sample preparation drying milling and sifting will yield greater accuracy The drier finer and more homogeneous the particles the better the measurements Preparing Bulk Soil
76. ettings Tools Menu Options When to use Thickness Correction Thickness Correction should only be used during the analysis of plastic polymer objects It has been experimentally verified that the correction algorithm will yield satisfactory results for a 60 second minimum testing time for samples as thin as 0 3mm Nevertheless the recommended range of use of the correction is from 1mm upwards It is imperative that this correction is not used for thin films such as single foils and plastic membranes analysis of thin films is performed using the Thin Sample Mode Contact Contact Thermo Scientific or your local Niton Analyzers representative for information on this testing mode Whenever possible one should analyze as thick a sample as available For example if the analyzed object is a piece of heatshrink tubing with wall thickness of 0 3mm the best way to analyze it is to obtain several pieces of the tubing four for example and stack them like a flat sandwich with the thickness correction set to 1 2mm Doing so makes for faster and more precise analyses While it would be possible to analyze just a single layer of the tubing with correction at 0 3 mm by stacking several layers we reduce the relative error of measurement by a factor approximately equal to the square root of the number of layers Conversely when analyzing thinner samples we need to extend the measurement time fourfold by the number of layers in order to maintain the sam
77. f the sample with the nominal composition of alloys in the analyzer s Precious Alloy Grade Library It will also return an elemental composition of the precious metal sample as analyzed Precious Alloy Composition is output by default in terms of parts per million See Using Precious Metals Mode on page 40 Use this mode to analyze samples composed primarily of plastic This mode will return an elemental composition of the plastic sample as analyzed Plastic Composition is output by default in terms of parts per million See Using Plastics Mode on page 42 Use this mode to analyze samples composed primarily of soil and rock This mode will return an elemental composition of the soil sample as analyzed Soil Composition is output by default in terms of parts per million See Using Soils Mode on page 42 Mining Cu Zn Mode Use this mode to analyze samples composed of potential metal ore rock containing high proportions of metal and containing Cu and or Zn This mode will return an elemental composition of the ore sample as analyzed Ore Composition is output by default in terms of percent of composition by weight See Using Mining Cu Zn Mode on page 43 38 Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide Thermo Scientific 4 Basic Operation Analysis Modes Mining Ta Hf Mode TestAll Mode TestAll Geo Mode Use this mode to analyze samples composed of potential metal ore rock containing high proportions of metal and containing Ta an
78. g i o o 4 Faady ka LJ Figure23 Security Key 6 Your screen should look like this 162 Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide Thermo Scientific Thermo Scientific 8 Advanced Settings Tools Menu Options ITOH Data Transfer Untitled 2 BH B ilr 3 RE nen Preview Pah J n B a m W c a4 a 2 g t cer S dnd Properties About per polar Te fern bow mii Spectra i n som apart T E 11 zi Mg LIH 124 fa LE 14M z 1T LIH P idM i1 z 1XM LN a 148211 14821 jar ig 1394 ik 114 2111 fcu i451 14M zc 421 4M in 4 31 4 305 Iu 4331 434 la 7419 5 413 Mn 177 SAM Fa aa 8 1 Ice 440 431 n 4m TAI Cu aga aam in sam mam ca 3 231 3 221 ise 3 98 35 As H H 31 9 s 11 3113 11 81 Br 1143 4 014m ikr ISK 121 524 Rb 11 893 11 14 zr we 104m Iv Ham 14901 Iz 15 273 15 041 nb Mall 3 321 ma 124 2 12 35 Tc EMT 3 251 Ru Hi nud Rh Xni HIN Pd ili 31 X fag 11 43 21 731 ca 1134 113234 in 4 230 34007 Zn Paady E iz 7d Figure 24 User Account Creation Screen 7 Right click then select New User 7L MITDA Data Transfer Untitled Fi BE Wew Took ilies Window Heb og 5 r o fE Doer Pree Poli iniedi E iml p Mg 124 LIH aj 1437 14M 2 n wW BD zm B HN 4 a3 2 BH 1 Eng ver bots didi Pep
79. gement Erasing Data Figure 31 The View Fingerprints Screen Erasing Data The Erase All Data Screen Sample Analyze Type System Return Br z System Manage View Data Advanced Check Libraries Fingerprint Return All Data Readings Erase ingerprints Thermo Scientific Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide 91 6 Data Management Erasing Data Figure 32 The Erase All Data Menu Path Select the Erase All Data icon to erase all data including signatures and readings from your analyzer Selecting the Erase All Data icon will bring up a confirmation screen asking you Are you sure with options to select YES or NO Selecting the Yes Button will erase all data from your analyzer Selecting the No Button will return you to the Erase Menu Erase All Data Are you sure o 04 We Figure 33 The Erase All Data Confirmation Screen CAUTION Never turn off the analyzer while data is being erased WARNING Do not attempt to take measurements while downloading readings This will generate an error requiring a system reset and may corrupt your stored readings requiring all stored readings to be erased 92 Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide Thermo Scientific 6 Data Management Erasing Data The Erase Readings Screen Thermo Scientific Analyze Type System System Manage Advanced Check Libraries Fingerprint Erase Measurements 4 E d Return All Data Readings fi Erase ingerpr
80. gmas As process standard deviation goes up or the mean of the process moves away from the center of the tolerance the sigma number goes down because fewer standard deviations will then fit between the mean and the nearest specification limit Confidence Intervals Confidence intervals assume that the data are from an approximately normally distributed population generally sums of many independent identically distributed random variables tend towards the normal distribution as a limit Using this assumption about 68 96 of the values must be within 1 standard deviation of the mean about 95 of the values must be within two standard deviations about 99 7 96 must lie within 3 standard deviations and about 99 99 of the values must lie within 4 standard deviations The greater the sigma value of the test the more confident you can be that the sample is as it appears but the more difficult and time consuming the testing must be to verify this That s why it s important to use the most appropriate sigma value for the test By adjusting the sigma value for each type of test you can optimize the process for your needs Thermo Scientific Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide 71 5 Common Operations Setting Display Units Adjusting the Sigma Values The sigma values are listed in the column headed with the Greek letter sigma The default value is 2 sigma You can change this value by selecting the down arrow next to the value which opens up
81. hange the Dest Folder Field Selected File This shows the filename the reading will be saved to unless you change it Browse Files Button Selecting this button enables you to select a different file name by browsing the file listing The file extension ndt will be appended to the name i e File name file will be saved as file ndt and the file will be in the NDT format Save the Reading to CSV File as Well Checkbox Selecting this checkbox enables you to create a second autosave file with CSV format for importing into spreadsheets such as Excel This file will have the same name as the NDT file above but with the file extension csv instead i e test ndt will be saved as test csv as well The checkbox is selected when there is a check in it and deselected when it is empty Always Show this Dialog Box when the File button is Pressed Checkbox Selecting this checkbox will enable you to change the filename whenever you want Deselecting this checkbox will save the file under the same name in the same folder every time The checkbox is selected when there is a check in it and deselected when it is empty 128 Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide Thermo Scientific Learning More Service and Support This section of the Resource guide is about getting the most out of your analyzer We cover troubleshooting your analyzer by using the Specs screen We also cover advanced topics like setting thresholds u
82. has several Analysis Modes Which Analysis Mode you should use depends on the nature of the sample you are attempting to analyze General Metals Mode Use this mode to analyze samples entirely composed of metal alloys This mode will attempt to return an Alloy Grade Identification by matching the analyzed composition of the sample with the nominal composition of alloys in the analyzer s Alloy Grade Library It will also return an elemental composition of the alloy as analyzed Alloy Composition is output by default in terms of percent of composition by weight See Using General Metals Mode on page 39 Thermo Scientific Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide 37 4 Basic Operation Analysis Modes Electronic Metals Mode Use this mode to analyze electronic component samples circuit boards chips etc This mode will attempt to return an Alloy Grade Identification by matching the analyzed composition of the sample with the nominal composition of electronic alloys in the analyzer s Alloy Grade Library It will also return an elemental composition of the electronic alloy as analyzed Electronic Metal Composition is output by default in terms of percent of composition by weight See Using Electronic Metals Mode on page 40 Precious Metals Mode Plastics Mode Soils Mode Use this mode to analyze samples composed primarily of precious metals This mode will attempt to return an Alloy Grade Identification by matching the analyzed composition o
83. he General Metals grade library In most modes Low and Light Range add the capability to analyze light elements which cannot be efficiently excited by Mid Range Element Range Mode General Metals General Metals lElectronics Metals TestAll Figure2 Selecting the Mode Select the mode you wish to configure You can set different configurations for different modes The Element Range Screen enables you to directly enable or disable any Range or control the time that a Range alters the irradiation of the sample before auto switching to another Range 144 Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide Thermo Scientific Thermo Scientific 8 Advanced Settings Element Range Mode List Drop Down Menu moge _ Screen Button Main Range General Metals id Checkbox l Time Element List Main Range Range Times Buttons Ni E g 5 0 FE 2l now Range 5 9 Lov Range Checkbox Autoswitch on Time only Autaswitch on Time Only Checkbox Save Screen Button Save Figure3 The Element Checkboxes Select the checkbox next to the Range you want to use to determine exactly which of the Ranges contained in your Analyzer is used for sample testing Selecting an empty checkbox will enable that range and place a check into the box as an indicator Selecting a checked box will disable the Range and clear the box In typical alloy analysis applications Main Range is used for the analysis of most elements You cannot deselect th
84. he cap is put on Sludge Sludge can be placed directly into an XRF cup for screening This is considered in situ testing because no attempt has been made to prepare the sample For more accuracy the sludge can be dried sieved and ground Prepare in an XRF sample cup and test the same way you would with a soil sample For risk analysis it is advisable to use a 60 mesh sieve to isolate and test only fine particles Preparing Mining Samples Examine the site for differences in surface characteristics before sampling Valid results depend on a sufficient and appropriate selection of sites to sample Incorrect sample collection may give rise to misleading or meaningless results regardless of the analysis method Delineate sections with different characteristics and treat them as different areas It may be desirable to subdivide larger areas even if they have the same characteristics to ensure a thorough examination Make certain to label each bag thoroughly Common information included on each bag includes the person and or the company who collected the sample the location and area where the sample was taken and the date the sample was collected Prepared sample analysis is the most accurate method for determining the concentration of elements in a bulk medium using the instrument Sample preparation will minimize the effects of moisture large particle size variations in particle size and sample non homogeneity Note More sample preparation
85. he closer you are to a source of radiation the more radiation strikes you Based on geometry alone dose increases and decreases with an inverse squared relation to your distance from the source of radiation additional dose rate reduction comes from air attenuation For example the radiation dose one foot from a source is nine times greater than the dose three feet from the source Remember to keep your hands and all body parts away from the front end of the analyzer when the shutter is open to minimize your exposure Shielding Shielding is any material that is placed between you and the radiation source The more material between you and the source or the denser the material the less you will be exposed to that radiation Supplied or optional test stands are an additional source of shielding for analysis A backscatter shield accessory is also available and may be appropriate in some applications Human dose to radiation is typically measured in rem or in one thousandths of a rem called millirem mrem 1 rem 1000 mrem Another unit of dose is the Sievert Sv 1 Sv 100 rem The allowable limit for occupational exposure in the U S and many other countries is 5 000 mrem year 50 mSv year for deep penetrating dose and 50 000 mrem year 500 mSv year for shallow i e skin dose or dose to extremities Deep shallow and extremity exposure from a properly used Niton XL2 analyzer should be less than 200 mrem per year 2 0 mSv per year
86. he period of time set forth in the product documentation published specifications or package inserts If a period of time is not specified in Sellers product documentation published specifications or package inserts the warranty period shall be one 1 year unless otherwise agreed upon at time of purchase from the date of shipment to Buyer in the country of purchase Any part replaced on an instrument covered by the original factory warranty will be warranted for the remainder of the instrument s factory warranty Seller agrees during the Warranty Period to repair or replace at Seller s option defective Products so as to cause the same to operate in substantial conformance with said published specifications provided that Buyer shall a promptly notify Seller in writing upon the discovery of any defect which notice shall include the product model and serial number if applicable and details of the warranty claim and b after Seller s review Seller will provide Buyer with service data and or a Return Material Authorization RMA which may include biohazard or other Radiation safety decontamination procedures and other product specific handling instructions then if applicable Buyer may return the defective Products to Seller with all costs prepaid by Buyer Replacement parts may be new or refurbished at the election of Seller the warranty of these parts expire with the instrument warranty All replaced parts shall become the pr
87. iately stop the analysis You cannot use Proximity Start with Easy Trigger Remote Trigger Select the Remote Trigger checkbox to use the Remote Trigger parameters Remote Tigger is used with the Extend a Pole accessory to control the analysis With the Extend a Pole s input cable connected to the analyzer s Remote Trigger port you can initiate and stop analysis remotely from the Extend a Pole s handle trigger You can use Remote Trigger with either Proximity Start or with Easy Trigger Easy Trigger Select the Easy Trigger checkbox to use the Easy Trigger parameters Easy Trigger uses a single press and release of the trigger to initiate analysis and a second press to stop analysis Selecting Easy Trigger will immediately disable Proximity Start Max Time Field Max Test Time 6600 00 Figure 57 The Max Test Time Editor 184 Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide Thermo Scientific 8 Advanced Settings Safety Settings Select the Max Time field to change the maximum analysis time parameter Selecting the Max Time Field brings up a Virtual Numeric Keypad To input the maximum number of seconds before automatic shutoff select the C button to clear the current time then from the Virtual Numeric Keypad select each digit you want to input then select the E button to enter Of the non numeric screen buttons C Clear All E Enter and gt will backspace over the current value Selecting the E button will enter the current value as the Max
88. ield Once you copy a field the Paste option can be selected to paste the copied field into the Construction Window Unitithed1 amp Alloy 5 0 Condition 1 23 New Entry Figure 47 Pasting a Copied Field Selecting the New Entry option from the pop up menu allows you to define a choice for the user for this field Thermo Scientific Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide 177 8 Advanced Settings NDF Files User Data Structuring Required Incremental Clear Every Reading New Entry Select Figure 48 Creating a New Entry This is a New Entry in the Construction Window Untitled1 SG Alloy gr Condition A New Entry Figure 49 New Entry in the Construction Window The E is for Entry You can edit the entry once it is created the same way as you edit the field name Right click on the entry name and choose Edit from the pop up menu Select Figure 50 Editing the New Entry You can sort your entries by name alphanumerically by right clicking on the field and selecting Sort from the pop up menu 178 Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide Thermo Scientific 8 Advanced Settings NDF Files User Data Structuring Uintitled1 ndf Required Untitled1 nd Sf Alloy Incremental ef Alloy E gu Condition Clear Every Reading i Du Condition 3 Pitted New Entry fa Clean 3 Rusty EIU M NN 4 Oily 3 Clean 3 Pitted 3 oily R 2 Rusty Edit Copy Delete Paste Figu
89. ific 5 Common Operations Metal Sample Prep Remember to follow safe techniques for handling and disposing of solvents and cleaning rags Anodized Plated and Galvanized Surfaces Anodizing is the process of polarizing the metal surface into a passive state which protects it against corrosion This process is most often applied to aluminum alloys Galvanized steel is one of the most common of the coated surfaces In this process steel is passed through a molten bath of a zinc alloy Zinc reacts with the steel metal to form a bonding layer on the steel surface The zinc layer does not separate from the steel and forms a protective layer that protects the steel from oxidation Galvanized layers are relatively thick compared to other plating elements and methods When grinding to remove the zinc coating you will find increased zinc values even when you can see the steel surface Grind a little further and zinc values will disappear Zinc clings to the surface of the sanding disc so you will need to frequently change discs Electroplating is another common practice of applying a coating which not only protects the surface from oxidation but also improves the base material s wear resistance lubricity and improves the overall aesthetics of the product The electroplated coating is generally thinner and more evenly applied than galvanizing Electroplating has a wide range of elements and in some situations there may be two or more different coatings
90. ight elements which cannot be efficiently excited by Mid Range Select the mode you wish to configure from the Mode Menu You can set different configurations for different modes The Element Range Screen enables you to directly enable or disable any Range or control the time that a Range alters the irradiation of the sample before auto switching to another Range Select the checkbox next to the Range you want to use to determine exactly which of the Ranges contained in your Analyzer is used for sample testing Selecting an empty checkbox will enable that range and place a check into the box as an indicator Selecting a checked box will disable the Range and clear the box Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide 13 5 Common Operations Setting the Date and Time In typical metals analysis applications Main Range is used for the analysis of most elements You cannot deselect the Main Range in metals analysis Low Range is utilized for the subsequent high sensitivity analysis of V Ti and Cr Select the Element List Button labeled with a question mark to display the Element List for that Range This list shows the elements that the Range is best designed to detect Select the Range Time field for the intended range to change the switch time for that range The Range Time Editor will appear This enables you to set the number of seconds each enabled range is allotted before auto switching will occur when needed during sample testing Your ana
91. ing the keys on the Virtual Keyboard will type the corresponding character into the field The exceptions are the meta keys Del Clear Left Right Shift Backspace Cancel and Enter backspace space clr return 68 Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide Thermo Scientific 5 Common Operations Virtual Keyboard Figure8 Virtual Keyboard Data Entry m li m return Figure9 Shifted Virtual Keyboard Del Del is the Delete Key Selecting this key will delete the character to the left of the cursor Clear Clear is the Clear Key Selecting this key will clear all characters from the field Left Left is the Left Cursor Key Selecting this key will move the cursor one space to the left Right Right is the Right Cursor Key Selecting this key will move the cursor one space to the right Shift Shift is the Shift Key Selecting this key will bring up the alternate shifted keyboard See Figure 1 1B Selecting the Shift Key on the shifted keyboard will bring up the normal keyboard See Figure 1 1A Thermo Scientific Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide 69 5 Common Operations Virtual Keyboard Backspace Backspace is the Backspace Key Selecting this key will delete the character to the right of the cursor Cancel Cancel is the Cancel Key Selecting this key will return you to the normal screen without inputting your changes into the field Enter Enter is the Enter Key Selecting this key will return you to the
92. ints Figure 34 The Erase Readings Menu Path Select the Erase Readings icon to erase all accumulated test readings from your analyzer Selecting the Erase Readings icon will bring up a confirmation screen asking you Are you sure with options to select YES or NO Selecting the Yes Button will erase all test reading data from your analyzer Selecting the No Button will return you to the Erase Menu Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide 93 6 Data Management Erasing Data Erase Readings Are you sure Oooo KR Figure 35 The Erase Readings Confirmation Screen Note We recommend that you download all your readings into an NDT file for recording purposes before erasing all data 94 Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide Thermo Scientific 6 Data Management Erasing Data The Erase Fingerprints Screen Analyze Type System System Manage Advanced Check Libraries Fingerprint Erase Fingerprints Return All Data Readings Fingerprints Figure 36 The Erase Fingerprints Menu Path Select the Erase Fingerprints icon to erase all accumulated alloy fingerprints from your analyzer Selecting the Erase Fingerprints icon will bring up a confirmation screen asking you Are you sure with options to select YES or NO Selecting the Yes Button will erase all fingerprint data from your analyzer Selecting the No Button will return you to the Erase Menu Thermo Scientific Niton XL2 Analyz
93. ired by regulations and in others it is optional It is normally required when the user could reasonably be expected to receive in excess of 1096 of the annual dose limit Thermo Fisher Scientific recommends that you determine and obey the local regulatory requirements concerning radiation monitoring of occupational workers Two common types of dosimeters are whole body badges and ring badges Whole body badges are often attached to the user s torso e g clipped to the collar shirt pocket or waist as appropriate A ring badge is worn on the finger as a measure of maximum extremity dose When worn the specific location of the dosimeter should be that part of the body that is expected to receive the highest dose This location will depend on how the analyzer is used and so it may not be the same for all users Dosimetry services are offered by many companies Two companies offering dosimetry services in the USA and much of the world are Company Global Dosimetry Solutions Landauer Inc Address 2652 McGaw Avenue 2 Science Road City and State Irvine CA 92614 Glenwood IL 60425 9979 Website www dosimetry com www landauerinc com Phone Number 800 251 3331 800 323 8830 Note Wearing a dosimeter badge does not protect you against radiation exposure A dosimeter badge only measures your exposure at the dosimeter location Pregnancy and Radiation Exposure Thermo Scientific International guidance documents e g ICRP Publication 60 and NCR
94. iver software compatible with the device and all driwer software in the same category as the device Cancel 10 Click OK 11 Click Next Thermo Scientific Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide 107 7 Connectivity 12 A Security Dialog Box will appear Select Install This Driver Software Anyway Don t install this driver software You should check your manufacturer s website for updated driver software for your device Install this driver software anyway Only install driver software obtained from your manufacturer s website or disc Unsigned software from other sources may harm your computer or steal information v See details 13 Driver will install close out 108 Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide Thermo Scientific 7 Connectivity Using Your Analyzer With Your PC Using Your Analyzer With Your PC Using the Wireless Bluetooth USB Adapter to Connect the XRF Analyzer Bluetooth Setup OG Date amp Sample Analyze Type System Return Time Specs System reece Data Advanced Check Man Printer Rotate Touch Language Screen Screen Bluetooth XL3t 32284 he S Search GPS Reset Close Figure 46 The Bluetooth Setup Menu Path The USB adapter provided by Niton uses Bluetooth wireless technology See Setting up Bluetooth to set up Bluetooth Select the Bluetooth icon from the System Screen to set up your analyzer for Bluetooth wireless connection
95. ivileges 1 Install the latest version of Niton software NDT on your PC if possible You may obtain the latest version of NDT by contacting service at 800 875 1578 2 You can check the version number by opening NDT selecting the Help menu then selecting About Niton Data Transfer T NITON Data Transfer 3 A save Print Preview Figure 20 Selecting Help 3 Select the File menu NITON Data Transfer 3 fe Save Print Preview Figure 21 Selecting File 4 Select New then New Password File Your screen should look like this Thermo Scientific Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide 161 8 Advanced Settings Tools Menu Options he HITOM Data Transfer EL re ey Te We zn 4 x iid E E B W gt amp A tf Li T Rr UE meis ETT SG amp bk Oper Tert ipto enea Sar Yan poks mid Pon pol Bperia i rne hain apat iiad Sropertes Abort fora Freies 1 134 1 437 1 294 L LIH 1 114 11111 Lx LET 1511 1 4321 1253 1 254 1 114 1 111 14531 1 883 44121 4 208 4 111 4 913 4 311 4 333 1 413 1 413 109 1 333 5 513 5 1 aan 5 213 1 ized i l raat mt FEM Um x cl CALE f p i x Create the security key Please remember it ia n aA ma 4 151 3 114 73H 33313 H I H 11 111 11 211 11424 11378 1180944 12 03 11 H37 11 1 14 933 14 023 14321 14 331 13 773 11201
96. list alphanumerically Selecting the actual name of the alloy i e Fe CS will bring up the Element Specification Screen Selecting the Add Button will add a new alloy to the Library First the Alloy Name Editor will appear enabling you to enter the name of the new alloy Riley Name DO a Corvium Figure 41 The Alloy Name Editor The Alloy Name Editor is a standard Virtual Keyboard Use it as you would any Virtual Keyboard Hitting the return key enters the name into the alloy list Select the name of the new alloy to bring up the Element Specification Screen and enter the specification of the alloy Selecting the Del Button will delete the currently selected alloy First a confirmation screen appears 98 Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide Thermo Scientific 6 Data Management Managing Libraries Are you sure Are you sure Are you sure Figure 42 Confirmation Screen Selecting the Yes Button will delete the alloy from the list Selecting the No Button will return you to the Alloy List Save Button Selecting the Save button will save the current Library Close Button Selecting the Close button will close the current Library without saving it The Element Specification Screen The Element Specification Screen allows you to edit the elemental content of any alloy Thermo Scientific Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide 99 6 Data Management Managing Libraries Alloy Chemist
97. ll Return Geo oa Mining Cu Zn Mining Ta Hf 4 Select the proper Mode in this case Mining Cu Zn from the Mode Menu Thermo Scientific Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide 31 4 Basic Operation Taking a Sample Analysis Note See Analysis Modes on page 37 for more information on the Modes available Analyze Data Advanced 5 Select the Analyze Icon 32 Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide Thermo Scientific 4 Basic Operation Taking a Sample Analysis Ready To Test 5a Select Data Entryif you wish todo any data entry Thermo Scientific Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide 33 4 Basic Operation Taking a Sample Analysis Ready To Test Data Entry 8345 61 80 afr lele tvis i ol ar Est s eleje e a in Jat backspace space clr return 5b and 5c Enter the data on the sample using the Virtual Keyboard 34 Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide Thermo Scientific Basic Operation Taking a Sample Analysis 6 Initiate a Reading by pressing the trigger 7 When the sample has been sufficiently analyzed release the trigger Thermo Scientific Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide 35 4 Basic Operation Taking a Sample Analysis 1260 Mining Cu Zn NAV Tools Time 31 7 sec ae l 0 O O 0 0 O 8 View the composition returned 36 Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide Thermo Scientific 4 Basic Operation Analysis Modes 9 Remove the sample Analysis Modes Your analyzer
98. lse when the shutter is open Radiation and General Safety This section covers topics related to radiation safety and general safety when using a Thermo Scientific Niton XL2 analyzer At a minimum all operators of the analyzer should be familiar with the instructions provided in this chapter in order to handle the analyzer in a safe manner In addition to reading the information presented on the following pages Thermo Fisher Scientific recommends that instrument users participate in a radiation safety and operational training class Radiation Protection Basics The Niton Model XL2 analyzer contains an x ray tube which emits radiation only when the user turns the x ray tube on When the x ray tube is on and the shutter is open as during a measurement the analyzer emits a directed radiation beam see Figures 1 1 and 1 2 Reasonable effort should be made to maintain exposures to radiation as far below dose limits as is practical This is known as the ALARA As Low as Reasonably Achievable principle For any given source of radiation three factors will help minimize your radiation exposure Time Distance and Shielding 2 Using Your Analyzer Safely and Effectively Using Your Analyzer Exposure to Radiation Time The longer you are exposed to a source of radiation the longer the radiation is able to interact in your body and the greater the dose you receive Dose increases in direct proportion to length of exposure Distance T
99. lyzer will auto switch from one range to another when the testing time for that range is greater than or equal to the time you have chosen and the identified alloy is flagged as needing the switch in the Niton Alloy Library Select the C button to clear the current time then from the virtual numeric key pad select each digit you want to input then select the E button to enter Setting the Date and Time Bluetooth Printer Rotate Touch Language Screen Screen Figure 12 Setting the Date and Time From the System Menu select the Date amp Time icon from the System Screen to set the date and time as needed for different time zones daylight savings time or any other reason The date and time are factory preset prior to shipping The clock is a 24 hour clock so add 12 to PM hours i e 1 13 PM would be 13 13 74 Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide Thermo Scientific Thermo Scientific 5 Common Operations Setting the Date and Time Date amp Time ERENENESEREREN EAESEAENENE 2E E Save Cancel Figure 13 The Date amp Time Screen When the Date amp Time button is selected the Date amp Time Screen comes up on your analyzers LCD Screen You may change the Month Year Date Hour and Minute on your analyzer Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide 15 5 Common Operations Setting the Date and Time Changing the Month To change the month select the downward pointing triangle button next to the month displayed A dro
100. m particle size 4 Add 0 5g binder to the sample and continue grinding for 30sec more 5 Brush the finely grounded samples into 31 mm aluminum sample cap and press at 50 000psi for 1 min CAUTION All test equipment must be kept clean to prevent contamination of samples Setting Up Beep Times First Beep Second Beep Thermo Scientific Selecting the Measurement Parameters icon allows you to set up Beep Times enabling changes to the beep settings for various modes This option allows you to change the beep settings for different modes independently Select Mode you want to change then the Measurement Parameters icon to set up your preferred beep times This option allows you to change the seconds of delay before the First Beep Select the screen button labeled with the number of seconds of delay for the First Beep The Beep One Time editor will open Clear the current number of seconds with the C button then select the E button to enter the information This option allows you to change the seconds of delay before the Second Beep Select the screen button labeled with the number of seconds of delay for the Second Beep The Beep Two Time editor will open Clear the current number of seconds with the C button then select the E button to enter the information Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide 65 5 Common Operations Sorting the Custom Element Display Third Beep Beep on Grade Match This option allows you to change the
101. media EJ Run ND TInstall7 0 Lexe Publisher nat specified General options Open folder to view files using Windows Explorer View more AutoPlay options in Control Panel Thermo Scientific Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide 103 7 Connectivity 104 2 Click on Control Panel and locate the Device Manager If it is not available directly under Control Panel look under System and Security then System d 33 Control Panel Adjust your computer s settings System and Security Review your computer s status Back up your computer Find and fix problems Network and Internet Connect to the Internet View network status and tasks Choose homegroup and sharing options Hardware and Sound View devices and printers Add a device Connect to a projector Adjust commonly used mobility settings Programs Uninstall a program View by Category Y User Accounts and Family Safety W Add or remove user accounts Mj Set up parental controls for any user Appearance and Personalization Change the theme Change desktop background Adjust screen resolution Clock Language and Region Change keyboards or other input methods Ease of Access Let Windows suggest settings Optimize visual display m P jv gt Control Panel System and Security gt X Search Control Pane p Control Panel H i ontrol Panel Home Action Center System and Security Review your computer s status and res
102. n currently Stop Measurement Clicking this icon will halt any ongoing measurement on the analyzer Configure Connection Settings Clicking this icon will allow you to change your configuration settings Connect Clicking this icon will attempt to establish a connection between your computer and your analyzer Thermo Scientific Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide 125 7 Controlling Your Analyzer From Your PC Disconnect Clicking this icon will disconnect your computer from your analyzer Live Download See Live Download from ND Tr Configure Connection Settings Clicking on the Configure Connection Settings icon allows you to change the Com Port for connecting your computer to your analyzer Once you click on the icon a settings dialog box will appear Comm Port Setting X Connect using ee c Figure 69 Connection Settings Dialog Box Selecting the Com Port Selecting the down arrow in the Connect Using field will display the various Com Ports on the computer that the analyzer can connect through Comm Port Setting Connect using COMI Communications Port gt Or lt Bluetooth Serial Port gt COMS lt Bluetooth Serial Pork gt COM lt Bluetooth Serial Pork gt Figure 70 Selecting the Com Port Select the proper com port from the list then select the OK Button 126 Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide Thermo Scientific Operating Your Analyzer Remotely 7 Controlling Your Analyze
103. n on the 4 way touch pad of your analyzer will display the previous reading or if the first reading is currently displayed the last reading Pressing the Right Button on the 4 way touch pad will display the next reading or if the last reading is currently displayed the first reading in memory Your analyzer can store up to 10 000 readings You can also look at the complete x ray spectra for each reading stored in the analyzer s memory Sorting Elements You can sort element rows by various criteria in order to view your data in the manner you prefer The Sort Buttons which double as column headings can be used to re sort the data in different ways The Data Screen always begins as a Standard Sort as you have defined it Selecting the appropriate Sort Button once toggles the sort order to High to Low Selecting the Sort Button again toggles the sort order to Low to High To return to the Standard Sort select the Sort Button a third time 84 Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide Thermo Scientific 6 Data Management Viewing Data 582 General Metals NAY Tools Time 5 2 sec 0 4 582 General Metals 582 General Metals NAV Tools NAV Tools Time 5 2 sec Time 5 2 sec f aiiiFe 69 24 0 71 493 0 157 54 0 40 28 0 48 521 0 068 609 0 061 83 0 34 28 0 48 54 0 40 24 0 71 83 0 34 609 0 061 921 0 068 493 0 157 Figure 24 Standard High to Low and Low to High Composition Sorts Element Sorts El
104. n page 433 22 Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide Thermo Scientific 3 How to Analyze How to Analyze To analyze samples from the main menu select sample type and then click on the appropriate Mode icon Once in the Selection Screen you have a number of sub modes to select from depending on how your instrument is calibrated See the Example Path below Analyze Type System Return Plastics fa C Soils amp Consumer Lead Advanced Minerals Goods Paint Spectral FingerPrint Metals Pass Fail General Electronics Return Metals Metals 7 Precious Metal Metals Metals Coatings L1 rU Thermo Scientific Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide 23 3 How to Analyze General Analysis Figure 5 The Metals Analysis Menu Path Example Element Ranges and Lists From the Element Range Screen select the Element List Button to display the Element List for the Range you want to use This list shows the elements that the Range is best designed to detect See Adjusting the Element Range for details Element Range General Metals he he pe bts Element List uu Buttons Autoswitch on Time Only Save Figure 6 The Element Range Screen General Analysis Note Each user should read the Thermo Scientific Niton XL2 User s Guide carefully before initiating measurements with the system Users are strongly urged to attend the Thermo Scientific Niton XRF Analyzer Radiation Safety and Operations Training courses offered regula
105. nalyzed stop the analysis 7 View the composition returned 8 Remove the sample Thermo Scientific Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide 45 4 Basic Operation Analysis Modes 46 Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide Thermo Scientific 5 Common Operations Metal Sample Prep Common Operations Metal Sample Prep Up until recently sample preparation was not a big worry for XRF metals analysis as the LOD of the analyzer was seldom low enough for any but the most heavy contamination to be intrusive but recent developments such as He purged analysis have brought analysis to a level where even light surface contamination can skew an analysis You should always prepare your samples before analysis especially when using He purged analysis as these analyzers will see even trace amounts of contaminants Oils from fingerprints and other body contact lint oxidation materials and abrasive materials used in cleaning can all skew readings if not removed Sample preparation is simple and not time consuming and usually well worth the effort The following is a list of problems that need correction before testing Oxidation or Rust may produce an increase or decrease in one or more element test values unless we remove the rust or oxidation and expose the raw metal Paint may contain several elements which need to be tested at lower levels within metal alloys Ti amp Zn in white paint Fe in red paint Cr in green paint Oil grease or lubric
106. nature Calibration Curve Source Contig Change Modes Store Signature Element Display Edit Library Safety a SI I a I I ea I 4 Easu Trigger Figure26 Creating a User WARNING it is recommended that only users at the highest level have access to the Safety feature This should be unchecked for all other operators 164 Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide Thermo Scientific Thermo Scientific 8 Advanced Settings Tools Menu Options 7L MITDA Data Transfer Untitled es s ks XS n D HU eB et 4 2 H t Open Free iot Wania Irem vun bow mii Pan paler Spectra L m iain aio Tet ded Properties Aba zd User Configuration es Im bmi fer Pr pnr 5 de i f i04 iun Privileges B ie A par 1253 1 258 a jE 1 114 1 311 User Mame Jirny 7 Check Al le TEE nm Delete Reading panes v Delete Signature Confirm Password i dy Calibration Curve AEn source Contig The password MUST be all numeric ee E UR Change Modes The password MUST be betwen 4 31 characters Store Signature Cancel Element Display dit Library pues ma E3 la dh Figure 27 Unchecking Safety 9 Select the Update Button d s k 3 4 0 8 Bw c 3 uU t Dpen Saas Zirt Pree Pay iot weni Resor te bots mid pan for Spectra L W ape Liked Properties Abagl Fady m E o d 8 Figure 28 User is Created a You are n
107. normal screen replacing the former contents of the field with the changes you have made 70 Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide Thermo Scientific 5 Common Operations Setting Display Units Setting Display Units Select the Display Units radio buttons on the Set Display Units page to choose between ppm parts per million and percentage hundredths of whole displays when taking readings and to change the Sigma value you want for the reading In the Display Units area you can select between Percent composition and Parts per Million as the units displayed in a measurement and you can change this setting independently for any mode You can also change the Sigma for each of these modes independently When you have changed the display units to the appropriate values select the Close button to save these settings for use Changing Precision Sigma Value Sigma is the symbol used for Standard Deviation a measure of how much a set of numbers deviates from the mean For example each of the three data sets 10 0 14 and 14 10 6 8 and 14 and 16 6 8 8 has a mean of 7 Their standard deviations are 7 5 and 1 respectively The third set has a much smaller standard deviation than the other two because its values are all close to 7 In a loose sense the standard deviation tells us how far from the mean the data points tend to be T he number of standard deviations between the process mean and the nearest specification limit is given in si
108. ntact US see eux UFU NADIE MEME aste m a Edict utu 1 Manual Overview ise go pilus Rima tides NA ED a PRESE 1 Warnings Cautions and Notes cocoa Udi Gah P EVER eR EIN DE EPI TA 1 rnc e ees eS l Physical BUttOnS us axe vr vos E neeaae An r AEEA nA EEA 2 ODTET ETaEGWAEO scare a a S a b breed ae ad dae 2 USING TV OUPANAIVZGl ovas e oda rae i EUER Se oe ien aco 979 P tbc hes ae ca 3 Safely and Effectively Using Your Analyzer 1 2 0 0 cee eee eee eee 3 Proper and Improper Operation is 3 d ue mein Redde redeo de pd 19 HOW to Analyze is ccs ls eons nia waa sae DOR Sea an Se Coi a 23 General ial Sis cad opes e ie ttu eq ea iud edv dunk mde dns 24 Basic DGralloll uere nre Detenido deae e ios red ees 29 Laking a Sample Analysis su Venetos I ob 9 eet ied eyeing asd pei 29 Analyysi Modereco tiesne r reune donatae tuetur ode eens eee 97 Common Operations 0 ccc cece Inn 4 Metal Savaple Lops Eoenobd Greate w sateen tee ind vat adus 47 Soils ample IS a eese ico nt ted Hi eu idque obe ia oc be eed d cde 60 Preparing Mining Samples tsceoietase ite SUR PME EX TERES RET 64 Beth D Beep TRICS es odd cea idee EEEE T tuisse touts id 65 Sorting the Custom Element Display 225 9 coven ee fe bide ee Rowe oe 66 Max Neame JT Ie s aac dub D deem Posee aicdHP eri ane mo ocean ee da seni rade 67 Minumum Tet Time 2 27 eat m AIRE NER TERR ERR EAR E EE ea 67 Martual Cy DO ATG iSo eet et tears a Race da sete Ric e io
109. number from the keypad then select the E button to enter the number The C button will clear all and the lt button will clear the last digit entered The average will automatically be displayed Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide 149 8 Advanced Settings Tools Menu Options Avg Back Alt 150 549 General Metals NAY Tools Time 33 5 sec No Match 8 0 m 20 A 036 034 013 060 07 0 30 75 0 14 4 551 General Metals NAV Tools Time 31 6 sec No Match 7 4 EXEREHENEEM 0 500 0 026 661 0 024 014 0 006 074 0 036 938 0 060 28 0 18 ZB 0 27 mA Figure 7 Example Averaging Screens 550 General Metals NAV Tools Time 31 5 sec No Match 7 3 m Ele is t 2G Avg 2 of 3 P 447 0 024 Nb 656 0 023 Cu 520 0 059 Ni 32 0 18 Co 291 0 144 02 0 27 73 0 12 552 General Metals NAV Tools Time 96 6 sec No Match 7 7 mA Avg of 549 551 926 0 029 d4 0 027 043 0 008 497 0 059 04 0 18 63 0 28 Note The alternate Tools Menu is only available when viewing readings and the menu is only accessible through the touch screen interface or NDTt Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide Thermo Scientific 8 Advanced Settings Tools Menu Options Enables you to average different readings together from this analysis backward Select the Avg Back option to initiate backwards sample averaging Avg Back will take the number of readings you select and average their analytical resul
110. ocal representative for assistance 26 Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide Thermo Scientific 3 How to Analyze General Analysis GENERAL TESTING PROTOCOL Good surface preparation is essential for obtaining accurate test results All non representative material e g paint coating scale must be removed prior to testing An approximately 2 inch square section of surface should be cleaned down to the material to be analyzed See the Resource Guide for information on Sample Preparation The analyzer will often display a correct alloy identification and or accurate chemistry result before the specified time interval If the accuracy meets the users requirements it is not necessary to measure for the full time Longer measurements might be necessary if low concentrations of elements must be determined INSTRUMENT QC Measure the supplied reference calibration check sample AT LEAST once a shift If correct continue work If incorrect redo System Check and re take the past 2 hours of results UNDERSIZED OR NON CONTACT SAMPLES Samples that do not make contact with or that do not fully cover the measurement aperture For samples that do not fully cover the measurement aperture increase the testing time by increasing the time in inverse proportion to the decrease in percentage of aperture covered For example a rod only covers 1 2 of the aperture so increase the measurement time by two e g from 10 to 20 seconds per filter for alloy
111. of sample preparation became apparent A customer asked for low detection limits of nickel chromium and copper in carbon steel pipe The reported chemistry of the purchased material is listed on the first line in the chart below The test results of a hand held Niton XL2t 9008 GOLDD instrument appears in the second line of the chart The results from a test on the unground surface appear in the bottom line of the chart Note the values for nickel and copper in this carbon steel alloy in the chart below The oxidation on the surface of this pipe was not visibly egregious We need to always be wary of the presence of even low levels of oxidation and their possible effects on analytic accuracy Table 1 Comparative test results with and without grinding Sample Mn Ni Cr Mo Cu Reported Chemistry 0 650 0 090 0 070 0 030 0 040 48 Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide Thermo Scientific 5 Common Operations Metal Sample Prep Table 1 Comparative test results with and without grinding Test Results with Ground Surface 0 67 0 089 0 070 0 033 0 039 Test Results with Unground Sur 0 61 0 178 0 081 0 033 0 514 face Painted Surfaces White Paint Red Paint Thermo Scientific Paint is a mixture of several items that are combined into a liquid which is applied to the surface of materials such as metal Once applied this liquid dries with time and adheres to the surface of metal Paint is used to protect or decorate the metal item Paint
112. olve issues fa Change User Account Control settings Troubleshoot common computer problems Restore your computer to an earlier time Network and Internet Hardware and Sound Windows Firewall Check firewall status Allow a program through Windows Firewall Programs System User Accounts and Family Safety View amount of RAM and processor speed Checkthe Windows Experience Index W Allow remote access Windows Update Appearance and Personalization Clock Language and Region Ease of Access Power Options Change battery settings Change what the power buttons do Backup and Restore Back up your computer Windows Anytime Upgrade Turn automatic updating on or off See the name of this computer la Device Manager Check for updates View installed updates Require a password when the computer wakes Change when the computer sleeps Restore files from backup Get more features with a new edition of Windows 7 Administrative Tools Free up disk space Defragment your hard drive 5 Create and format hard disk partitions WM View event logs Schedule tasks Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide Thermo Scientific 7 Connectivity 3 Open Device Manager 4 Plug in instrument using the USB cable provided 5 Message will appear Device Driver Software Not Successfully Installed 6 In Device Manager Unknown Device will appear under Other Devices File Action View Help s 5 am
113. on the Mode name to access a pop up menu Thermo Scientific Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide 171 8 Advanced Settings NDF Files User Data Structuring untitled1 Mi Mew Field Select Figure 37 Mode Pop Up Menu Select New Field from the menu and a blank new field will appear in the construction window Untitled i UU Mew Field Figure 38 Adding a New Field Right clicking on the New Field box will bring up another pop up menu This menu gives you various options for using the field in your operations Selecting Required makes it mandatory that the new field be filled in prior to taking a measurement This is very useful for necessary descriptors which vary from measurement to measurement such as lot numbers condi tion descriptors locations etc 172 Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide Thermo Scientific 8 Advanced Settings NDF Files User Data Structuring Required Select Incremental Clear Every Reading New Entry Sort Edit Copy Delete As Figure 39 Making Fields Required Selecting the Incremental option sets up a field which increments the field descriptor by one for each measurement taken This option is handy for measuring several items with identical descriptors such as samples within a single lot or several instances of the same part number because it appends the incremental number to the descriptor For example P N 455A2 1 P N 455A2 2 P N 455A2 3 Another Exampl
114. onic devices From the Main Menu select System Check icon then the Yes button Figure 1 System Check calibrates the detector and verifies it is operating to specifications After starting the process no further user interaction is required during this operation When the instrument is finished performing the check the unit will show either System OK or one of the failure errors If the unit shows a failure error then perform a second System Check by clicking Recheck If the unit still does not show a System OK please contact Thermo Scientific Niton Analyzers toll free in the USA at 800 875 1578 1 978 670 7460 nitongthermofisher com or contact your local Niton Analyzers representative for assistance System Check Perform a Sample Analyze Type oystem Check mme A ps ee E System Muro D uci ht m EE Check IE Lust 1l Data Advanced No Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide 25 3 How to Analyze General Analysis Figure 7 System Check Menu Path Thermo Scientific Niton XL2 analyzers are equipped with excitation filters that optimize the analyzers sensitivity for various elements The Main Range filter provides optimum sensitivity for the elements manganese Mn through bismuth Bi The Low Range filter is used to optimize the sensitivity for the elements from titanium Ti through chromium Cr Note that the main range filter can be used to analyze Ti V and Cr but the sensitivity i
115. operty of Seller Shipment to Buyer of repaired or replacement Products shall be made in accordance with the Delivery provisions of the Sellers Terms and Conditions of Sale Accessories and Consumables are expressly excluded from this warranty see list A for details Notwithstanding the foregoing Products supplied by Seller that are obtained by Seller from an original manufacturer or third party supplier are not warranted by Seller but Seller agrees to assign to Buyer any warranty rights in such Product that Seller may have from the original manufacturer or third party supplier to the extent such assignment is allowed by such original manufacturer or third party supplier 191 8 Service Warranty In no event shall Seller have any obligation to make repairs replacements or corrections required in whole or in part as the result of i normal wear and tear ii accident disaster or event of force majeure iii misuse fault or negligence of or by Buyer iv use of the Products in a manner for which they were not designed v causes external to the Products such as but not limited to power failure or electrical power surges vi improper storage and handling of the Products vii use of the Products in combination with equipment or software not supplied by Seller viii Moderately heavy or excessive impact against any object including but not limited to floors walls furniture sample or other objects A shock sensor is fitted insid
116. ose rates Deep and Shallow Dose You will find in Table 6 Table 7 Table 10 and Table 11 that shallow dose rates are listed for some dose points All dose rates listed in these four Tables are deep dose unless they are specifically identified as shallow dose Deep dose is dose from penetrating radiation that is delivered to both skin and underlying tissues and organs and is the type most commonly referred to when describing external radiation hazards Occupational deep dose is limited to a maximum of 5 rem 50 mSv per year in the United States and most countries internationally Deep dose is measured at 1 0 cm below the skin surface 18 Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide Thermo Scientific 2 Using Your Analyzer Proper and Improper Operation Shallow dose is often referred to as skin dose because it is a result of low penetrating radiation that only interacts with the skin Shallow dose is limited to a maximum of 50 rem 500 mSv per year in the United States and most countries internationally Shallow dose is listed for primary in beam dose points only because the low penetrating radiation that causes shallow dose is nearly all absorbed by a sample and does not produce any significant secondary radiation Shallow dose is measured at a point 0 007 cm below the surface Proper and Improper Operation Storage and Transportation Storage Transportation Regulations in nearly all locations will require that you store your analyzer locked in a
117. our analyzer Each checkbox on the screen enables or disables the safety device named for purposes of the preconditions for operation For example checking the Proximity Button Required checkbox sets the engagement of the Proximity Sensor as a precondition for operation Checking the Proximity Button Required checkbox and the Interlock Button Required checkbox sets the engagement of both the Proximity Button and the Interlock Button as preconditions for operation Safety settings always override start stop settings If your safety setting requires the use of the Proximity Button you cannot set start stop settings which ignore the Proximity Button For example the Easy Trigger start stop setting must have the Backscatter safety setting enabled While using Easy Trigger you cannot disable Backscatter WARNING The backscatter sensor is enabled by default and acts as a recommended safety feature for most applications Some sample types however cannot be analyzed when this feature is enabled Samples that present very little mass to the analysis window such as certain thin films thin layers of plastic and very thin wires may not be of sufficient mass to allow the analysis to continue while backscatter is enabled One should disable the backscatter feature only when necessary to analyze such low mass samples and re enable the feature when finished with these sample types These samples also provide very little absorption of the primary x ray beam so
118. ow ready to upload your password file to the analyzer Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide 165 8 Advanced Settings Tools Menu Options 166 Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide a Ka i is 7 10 Be sure the analyzer is switched on connect the analyzer using USB or serial connection 11 Select the Upload icon He Edt vem Tods Liites Wee Heb os o 5 amp f a 4 Open a 3 W E E HJ fE Ereiz Poy Eae Download Or wrok dei Penboee Mg aj E P z ci Ar ik Cu Se in hu f Io i mn IEH 15m Fa s d 08 1 Ics 440 4415 fri 1 473 7 381 Cu maa mm zn max msn ca 4 131 3 113 J54 35 Bie e m RR LR aaa aa RUE E ed NBIRTURRDR ZEETQISSESERV VETERE E Figure29 Selecting Upload 12 Your screen should look like this Thermo Scientific Thermo Scientific CHITON Data Transfer Untetlod1 8 Advanced Settings Tools Menu Options ma Fnady Oper gos Ble WN OC E B E ae a 2n B Ft Frevzw Pai xot Deemed mamo anb id Pentohv Bperad E hots fone deed Properties boul ammi mil m jns LIH 119 iu l4mT 14M z 1m LIH I 1am 41 5 1XM Ly ci 1411 14821 E ig i394 Upload m p xad T z 4g 40m Tn 3 511 4 505 i 4331 434 er 1 414 3 413 Mn za tau m i 444 85 H1 Ice aan 431 ira 4m TAI Press Upload button to continue leu T in aam BAN
119. p 4 4 Morgan PC gt x Batteries gt gill Computer gt xs Disk drives gt Ji Display adapters mi DVD CD ROM drives gt Sg IDE ATA ATAPI controllers gt 48m Keyboards E n Mice and other pointing devices i Monitors gt M Network adapters i i Other devices halba Unknown device b i Processors 5 amp Sound video and game controllers 5 i System devices g Universal Serial Bus controllers 7 Right click on Unknown Devices select Update Driver Software Thermo Scientific Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide 105 7 Connectivity 8 Click on Browse My Computer for Driver Software How do you want to search for driver software gt Search automatically for updated driver software Windows will search your computer and the Internet for the latest driver software for your device unless you ve disabled this feature in your device installation settings Browse my computer for driver software Locate and install driver software manually 106 Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide Cancel Thermo Scientific 7 Connectivity 9 Click Browse button select CD drive or the location of the driver if you are not installing from the NDT CD recommended i d Update Dri Browse for driver software on your computer Search for driver software in this location D Include subfolders gt Let me pick from a list of device drivers on my computer This list will show installed dr
120. p down menu will appear listing the months of the year in order of appearance Date amp Time Save Cancel Figure 14 Month Drop Down Menu Select the month you want from the drop down menu using the vertical slider button to display hidden months The display will change to show the month you selected 76 Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide Thermo Scientific 5 Common Operations Setting the Date and Time Changing the Year To change the year select the downward pointing triangle button next to the year displayed A drop down menu will appear listing the years in order of appearance Date amp Time Save Cancel Figure 15 Changing the Year Select the year you want from the drop down menu using the vertical slider button to display hidden years The display will change to show the year you selected Thermo Scientific Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide 71 5 Common Operations Setting the Date and Time Changing the Date To change the date select the date you want from the Date Selection Screen The date you selected will be highlighted in red while the old date will be shown in red numbers Date amp Time Save Cancel Figure 16 Selecting the Date 78 Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide Thermo Scientific 5 Common Operations Setting the Date and Time Changing the Hour and Minute To change the hour select the hour numbers The hour numbers will be highlighted in gray Then select the Upw
121. parts per million mg kg and percent of composition by weight with 0 1096 being the cutoff point Note Due to the nature of this mode your analyzer will only use factory calibrations User modified Cal Factors will not be available See Using TestAll Geo Mode on page 44 Using General Metals Mode Thermo Scientific 1 Clean the sample to be analyzed so it is free of all surface contamination grinding the surface if appropriate 2 Place the analyzer so that the sample covers the analysis window 3 Select the Mode icon Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide 39 4 Basic Operation Analysis Modes a Select General Metals from the Mode Menu 4 Select the Analyze icon a Select the Data Button if you wish to do any data entry b Enter the data on the sample using the Virtual Keyboard 5 Initiate the analysis 6 When the sample has been sufficiently analyzed stop the analysis 7 View the composition returned 8 Remove the sample Using Electronic Metals Mode m Clean the sample to be analyzed so it is free of all surface contamination 2 Place the analyzer so that the sample covers the analysis window 3 Select the Mode icon a Select Electronic Metals from the Mode Menu 4 Select the Analyze icon a Select the Data Button if you wish to do any data entry b Enter the data on the sample using the Virtual Keyboard 5 Initiate the analysis O When the sample has been sufficiently analyzed
122. pen the Maximum Editor Edit Max Thermo Scientific Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide 101 6 Data Management Managing Libraries Figure 45 The Maximum Editor This is a standard Virtual Numerical Keypad The C Button will clear the current display The Button will backspace one space and the E Button will enter this number as the minimum After selecting the E Button you will be returned to the Element Specification Screen OK Button Selecting the OK button will save the edited library Cancel Button Selecting the Cancel button will exit the Element Specification Screen for this alloy returning you to the Library Editor 102 Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide Thermo Scientific 7 Connectivity Connectivity This section discusses how to connect your computer and your analyzer for data transfer and integration translation to other formats data storage and security as well as controlling your analyzer remotely through your computer Connection can be achieved via USB serial and or Bluetooth wireless means Your analyzer comes with software which facilitates these uses and works together with your analyzer to increase your productivity and efficiency Installing the Windows 7 USB Driver 1 Insert the NDT CD and close out any dialogue box that pops up The driver is located on this disk zi DVD RW Drive D Thermo Fisher zs Scientific C Always do this for software and games Install or run program from your
123. quire monitoring under regulation in the U S In addition to proper use of the analyzer it is recommended that you follow these precautions to ensure your safety and the safety of those around you Know where the beam is The primary beam is a directed beam out of the front of the analyzer that can have high dose rates The secondary beam or scattered beam has much lower dose rates Figure 1 Primary Beam 8 Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide Thermo Scientific 2 Using Your Analyzer Safely and Effectively Using Your Analyzer Figure 2 Secondary Scattered Beam The Shutter Open Indicator Lights When the lights are flashing the primary beam is on and radiation is being emitted from the front of the analyzer Figure 3 The X ray Beam Indicator Lights Thermo Scientific Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide 9 2 Using Your Analyzer Safely and Effectively Using Your Analyzer Handle and Use with Respect Avoid holding the front of the analyzer when the x ray tube is energized and the shutter is open Never point the instrument at yourself or anyone else when the shutter is open and the x ray tube is energized Never look into the path of the primary beam Follow a Radiation Protection Program Your organization should establish document and follow a Radiation Protection Program An example of such a program can be found on the resource CD provided with the instrument Take Proper Care of your Niton XL2
124. r From Your PC NDTr version 7 and above will automatically select the proper virtual interface for you whether you have a Thermo Scientific Niton XL2 or XL3 The virtual interface operates exactly as the analyzer would Selecting the buttons icons and menus with your mouse works exactly as if you were selecting them with your finger or stylus on the real analyzer m S S Q Comed Disconnect Download AL2 37460 2L2 600 Specifications Time 09 30 09 12 05 SW Ver 7 0A FPGA 4412 Factory QC 9 28 2009 Energy Cal 09 30 09 Battery 1005 System Check Reminder days 1 Figure 71 Niton XL2 Virtual Interface Live Download from NDTr Once you have connected to your analyzer using ND Tr click on the Download icon on the ND Ir toolbar When you click the Download icon a Download dialog box will appear Thermo Scientific Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide 127 7 Controlling Your Analyzer From Your PC Dest Folder C Manuals New Manuals NDT K Selected File test ridt H Cancel Save the readings to CSW file as well Iw Always show this dialog when the file button is pressed Figure 72 File Dialog Box Dest Folder This field shows the last used save folder defaulting to the folder where NDT is installed Browse Folders Button Selecting this button enables you to select a different folder for saving the file This will c
125. re 51 Sorting Entries To delete a field or entry just right click on the item you wish to delete and select Delete From the pop up menu Delete Select Figure 52 Deleting Fields and Entries When you are finished creating your new NDF file Upload it to your instrument using the Upload icon Figure 53 Uploading the NDF File Make sure the instrument is connected to your computer by testing the con nection first Use the Test button on the Upload Window Thermo Scientific Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide 179 8 Advanced Settings NDF Files User Data Structuring Upload Button lest Button Figure 54 Testing the Upload Connection 180 Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide Thermo Scientific 8 Advanced Settings Safety Settings Safety Settings Access to the Safety Settings Screen is blocked unless the user logging in has explicitly been granted Safety access The default login of 1234 does not have Safety access See Passwords and User Privileges Configure Safety Settings p z Flement Element Return Range Sorting Element Display Start Stop Thresholds Units Setup Consumer Goods safety Setup Proximity Button Required Interlock Button Required REIPSEESCHUE SI Save Figure 55 Safety Settings Menu Path Thermo Scientific Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide 181 8 Advanced Settings Safety Settings The Safety Settings Screen enables you to change the Method of Operation for y
126. reate your own fields and specify their structure and parameters The new window will appear with a single box called Untitled Thermo Scientific Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide 169 8 Advanced Settings NDF Files User Data Structuring 170 Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide New field u Construction Bina A Window Editing Window Status Window ltem Selected unie essc rr Bza Grap heade B memela Figure 33 NDF File Work Area By right clicking on this box you can access a pop up menu allowing you to set the mode of the new data fields Select New Mode to access the menu Per j MI E ge 5 ele ct Figure 34 Selecting New Mode The Mode you select will be the Mode within which the new data entry fields will appear If you have multiple Modes enabled on your analyzer the new fields will only be available from the Mode you select Only the default fields will be available from the other Mode or Modes Thermo Scientific 8 Advanced Settings NDF Files User Data Structuring Select Mode 7 X select the Mode you want your fields to appear in Std Thin Film Alr Filters Prec Metals Teach Super Prec Teach Test All Figure 35 Selecting Mode When you select the Mode for the new data fields the Construction Window will change to look like this 1 Untitled Figure 36 Working within a Mode The M indicates the mode you have chosen in this case Alloy Mode Right click
127. rigger The trigger may be released and the reading will continue until you release the proximity button or other criteria such as Max Time are reached Trigger and Interlock method With the Trigger and Interlock method you need to place the measurement window close to the sample to be analyzed press and keep pressing the interlock button at the rear of the analyzer with your free hand then pull the trigger for sample analysis to be initiated Trigger Interlock and Proximity Sensor method With the Trigger Interlock and Proximity Sensor method you must place the measurement window against the sample to be analyzed to engage the proximity sensor on the front of the analyzer press and keep pressing the interlock button at the rear of the analyzer with your free hand then pull the trigger for sample analysis to be initiated Fasy lrigger method With the Easy trigger method you need only place the measurement window against the sample area and pull the trigger once to initiate a sample analysis Your analyzer will continuously sample the backscatter using a complex internal algorithm to determine if the measurement window is against a sample or pointing to the empty air If it finds that there is no sample directly against the measurement window the analyzer will stop directing radiation through the window as soon as this determination is made The analyzer is constantly checking the backscatter characteristics to determine if a sample is
128. rly or the web based trainings For more information visit www thermo com niton PREPARATORY TASKS Attach a charged battery to the analyzer and turn it on Follow the screen instructions and Log On as the operator using either the default password or a custom one as designated by the user in an NDU file Wait five 5 minutes before using the analyzer allowing the instrument electronics to stabilize 24 Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide Thermo Scientific Thermo Scientific 3 How to Analyze General Analysis Verify that the date is set properly for data tracking purposes From the Main Menu select the System icon then the Specs icon The date will be displayed for verification If the date is incorrect correct it prior to proceeding This can be done by Closing out of the Specs screen and selecting the Date amp Time icon Detailed information on this procedure is available in Setting the Date and Time Optional Connect the analyzer to a computer via the included serial cable USB cable or Bluetooth wireless module Consult Using Your Analyzer With Your PC on page 109for details if necessary During analysis and detector calibrations it is important to ensure that the analyzer is not exposed to strong electromagnetic fields including those produced by computer monitors hard drives cellular telephones walkie talkies etc Keep a minimum two 2 feet 0 7 meters distance between the analyzer and electr
129. rogram module has an extension of ndt and looks identical to a file of manually downloaded readings see Standard Download It can also create a simultaneous CSV file Simultaneous Save as CSV File Please note the following 1 When the instrument is unplugged selecting the Download icon does nothing 122 Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide Thermo Scientific 7 Connectivity Downloading Data 2 When you disconnect then reconnect your analyzer Download appends future readings to same file 3 Live Download does not overwrite any previous readings in the file If you want to do this you must first explicitly erase the file before initiating Live Download 4 Live Download does not retroactively add any readings taken while your analyzer was disconnected Changing the Filename for Live Download Once you have selected the Download icon a dialog box appears as shown below x Dest Folder E Manuals New Manuals NDT Tu Selected File test ndt 2 Cancel Save the readings to CSV file as well ve Always show this dialog when the file button is pressed Figure 67 File Dialog Box You can change the destination file or folder by clicking in the appropriate text box and typing in the new file name or by clicking on the browse button to the right of the text box and selecting a different pre existing filename To implement these changes click the OK button Your instrument serial number is associated with
130. rrect Data in reading XXX This indicates a version mismatch between your Reading will be skipped instrument code and the NDT code running on your Error code computer Use a version of NDT that matches the BOUNDARY ERROR3 ver sion number of the software on your analyzer WARNING 115200 baud rate not This indicates a potential problem Test the serial port supported If there is a problem connecting switch baud rate on both the analyzer and the NDT software to 38400 SH4 Successfully Communicating This indicates a normal connection Result SUCCESS Note When using the wireless USB adapter if the serial port repeatedly disconnects check that the battery is fully charged Live Download Automatic Save If desired your Niton XL2 analyzer has the capability to download and store each reading to the PC in real time to a file of your choice To enable this feature you must do the following Your Niton analyzer must be turned on and connected to the PC See Using Your Analyzer With Your PC e The ND Ir program module must be running and connected to your analyzer See Operating Your Analyzer Remotely e The Download icon in the ND Tr toolbar must be selected T NDTr v6 5 2 XL2t 2 COMI BE lolx File Video Help Q E amp 8 H adi Start Stop Batch Connect Disconnect wnload Settings Video Download Icon Figure 66 Live Download Icon The file created is in a format readable by the NDT p
131. ry p Library Name XL2 800 6 5 2 clb Alloy Name 17 4 PH Button Element to be Edited Minimum Percentage Macca Percentage OK Button Cancel Button Figure 43 The Element Specification Screen Library Name This is the name of the library you are editing Make sure you are editing the correct library before proceeding further Alloy Name This is the name of the alloy you are editing Make sure you are editing the correct alloy before proceeding further Element to be Edited This is the element you need to edit for this alloy Minimum Percentage This is the lowest amount of the element in question you want to be in the alloy If the element in the analyzed sample is any lower the sample will not be recognized as this alloy Selecting the element minimum will open the Minimum Editor 100 Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide Thermo Scientific 6 Data Management Managing Libraries Figure 44 The Minimum Editor This is a standard Virtual Numerical Keypad The C Button will clear the current display The Button will backspace one space and the E Button will enter this number as the minimum After selecting the E Button you will be returned to the Element Specification Screen Maximum Percentage This is the highest amount of the element in question you want to be in the alloy If the element in the analyzed sample is any higher the sample will not be recognized as this alloy Selecting the element maximum will o
132. s Pass Fail NAV Tools NAY Tools Time 5 5 Time 7 3 Pass ro C730RedBs 100 05 Figure 14 Metals Pass and Fail Screens Thermo Scientific Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide 155 8 Advanced Settings Tools Menu Options Switch Library Main Selecting the Switch Library button from the Tools Menu will swap the currently loaded library with the other library on the analyzer Selecting Switch Library again will switch them back Enable Disable Al Normally the collective amount of unquantifiable light elements in alloy analysis the balance is assumed to be aluminum and labeled as such in the analysis Selecting the Disable Al button from the Tools Menu will delete this aluminum from the analysis results showing only the quantified elements Selecting the Enable Al button the default state will label this balance as aluminum Thickness Correction Plastics and polymers in general unlike metals or soil are very weak absorbers of X rays This is because polymers are composed mainly of very light elements such as carbon and hydrogen While just half a millimeter of steel will completely stop 23 1 keV energy X rays of cadmium for example it takes at least 10mm of plasticized PVC and as much as 100mm of polyethylene PE to do so Fortunately polymers that may contain cadmium Cd lead Pb and other restricted elements would also contain considerable quantity of elements such as antimony Sb bromine Br titanium
133. s indication of an unsafe condition such as a cracked case a shutter mechanism failure or the lights remain flashing after a measurement is terminated follow these steps Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide 19 2 Using Your Analyzer Proper and Improper Operation 1 Stop using the instrument 2 Remove the battery The x ray tube can not produce radiation when the battery is disconnected The instrument is now safe to handle 3 Place the instrument securely in the holster 4 Place the instrument in the carrying case that came with the instrument 5 Notify your Radiation Safety Officer RSO or the equivalent responsible individual at your company or institution immediately 6 You or your RSO should call Thermo Fisher Scientific at one of their contact numbers listed below for additional instructions and guidance Major Damage If the instrument is severely damaged 1 Perform the same steps as described above for minor damage There will be no radiation hazard as long as the battery is removed from the instrument 2 Place all components in a plastic bag and contact Thermo Fisher Scientific 20 Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide Thermo Scientific 2 Using Your Analyzer Proper and Improper Operation Emergency Response Information Please Complete the Following Emergency Response Information and Keep with the Analyzer at All Times NITON ANALYZER EMERGENCY CONTACT INFORMATION The Company RSO is RSO Telephone Number R
134. s not as good as when using the low filter The Light Range filter is available only with He purged and GOLDD technology analyzers and is typically used in light element analysis The amount of time that the analyzer spends in each filter position is user definable but the default settings should be used unless there is reason to change them Please note that the analyzer will continue alternating excitation filters until the user selectable maximum analysis time is reached or the operator terminates the measurement Element Range Mode General Metals bd Time 2 Main Range ly Low Range Autoswitch on Time Only Save Figure8 Setting Element Ranges Verify instrument measurement accuracy using the supplied reference material RM supplied with the analyzer Test the factory supplied reference standard or other approved check sample based on a 30s measurement using main range filter only If the sample is correctly identified and all major elements read within calculated acceptance limits within the low and high values of factory readings found on the QC sheet proceed to General Testing Protocol section If the analyzer reports values outside the acceptance tolerance ranges specified in the tables repeat the detector calibration then repeat the reference sample analysis If the analyzer again fails to meet the acceptance tolerance ranges specified in the tables please contact Thermo Scientific Niton Analyzers or your l
135. sample with a new aluminum oxide sanding disc Aluminum from the aluminum oxide disc imbeds itself in the surface of the steel sample and an XRF would show an unusually high aluminum concentration Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide 57 5 Common Operations Metal Sample Prep Aluminum oxide is the most common abrasive surface used today For most applications it will be safe to use aluminum oxide discs But if test results for aluminum in any metal alloy are significantly higher than expected switch to another type of abrasive disc Also when grinding aluminum aluminum oxide discs tend to trap aluminum from the metal surface into the disc surface Once this happens the disc looses its efficiency and cross contaminates the next sample Silicon Carbide Silicon carbide discs are a good alternative for aluminum oxide and the cost of a disc is only slightly higher than aluminum oxide This adhesive type is best for grinding aluminum copper and other soft metals Zirconia Alumina Zirconia alumina discs are more expensive than aluminum oxide or silicon carbide but they last much longer and so may be the best investment Few metal alloys have low additive levels of zirconium so it is one of the safest abrasive types for general use One exception is the Aluminum alloy Al 7050 which is a near twin to alloy Al 7075 except for the 0 1 Zr in 7050 Therefore if 7075 is ground with Zr grinding paper it may be erroneously identified as Al 7050 due to
136. seconds of delay before the Third Beep Select the screen button labeled with the number of seconds of delay for the Third Beep The Beep Three Time editor will open Clear the current number of seconds with the C button then select the E button to enter the information Selecting this option will enable a special beep when the reading chemistry matches an alloy grade and put a check mark in the box Selecting the box again will remove the check mark and turn the beep off Sorting the Custom Element Display Display Options Select the Custom Element Display icon to configure sorting criteria used for analysis display Select the mode you wish to change then selecting the Custom Element Display icon opens up the Custom Element Display Screen On the left of the display are elements each with its currently selected display option beside it to the right The element list is ranked by importance with the most important element on top and each one lower down of less importance than the one above it By selecting an element and using the arrow buttons to the right of the list you can change its ranking Use the Up Button to move an element one rank closer to the top with each click Use the Dn Arrow Button to move an element one rank closer to the bottom with each click The Display Options Drop Down Menu allows you to change the display status of any element to one of three states Normal The standard state Element displays only
137. sing the Tools menu correcting for light elements in the sample composition setting up pass fail analysis changing safety and start stop parameters and many other special situations you may need We have also included a number of documents for reference so you can learn more about XRF analysis if you are so inclined Replacing the Measurement Window WARNING Before you begin remove the battery from your analyzer Remove the two screws holding the Measurement Window Bracket to the nose of your analyzer Figure 1 Removing the Window Bracket Screws Remove the Measurement Window Bracket from the analyzer and turn it over exposing the back with seal and Measurement Window e Remove the old Measurement Window from the bracket Clean the Window area thoroughly using a clean guaranteed lint free cloth and isopropyl alcohol 129 8 Learning More Service and Support Replacing the Measurement Window Figure 2 Removing the Old Window Measurement Windows come in two types Prolene PN 187 1454 for 900 Series analyzers and Polypropylene P N 187 1555 for all other analyzers Figure 3 Polyethylene Window P N 187 1555 130 Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide Thermo Scientific Thermo Scientific 8 Learning More Service and Support Replacing the Measurement Window Figure 4 Prolene Window PN 187 1454 e When the bracket is clean remove the backing from the Measurement Window Place the window on the
138. storing your analyzer Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide 141 8 Learning More Service and Support Storing and Transporting Your Niton XL2 Analyzer 142 Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide Thermo Scientific Advanced Settings Adjusting the Element Range Advanced Settings Adjust Element Ranges e EB Element Return eis Sorting ee 2s Element Display Start Stop Thresholds Units Setup y j UN Lonsumer Adjust Goods Safety Calibration Element Range Mode Element Range Mode General Metals General Metals M id Time 2 Main Range Time 1 Main Range lly Low Range Autoswitch on Time Only Save h rnight Range Autoswitch on Time Only Save Figure 1 The Range Menu Path Main Multi Range tests are used to either preferentially excite specific elements for increased sensitivity or to cover a wider element range than one Range alone can provide Most modes when enabled will use two Ranges in sequence to produce a combined analysis result In typical 143 8 Advanced Settings alloy analysis applications Main Range is used for the analysis of most elements Low Range is utilized for the subsequent high sensitivity analysis of V Ti and Cr and Light Range is available only with 900 series GOLDD technology analyzers and is typically used in light element analysis Multi Range switching can be set to activate off time alone or when time switching is disabled off settings in t
139. t Your Analyzer Figure 52 Bluetooth Config Screen Selecting the Config Button will load the Config Screen This screen enables you to se the name of the currently selected Bluetooth device change the type of device see that device s COD Number and see that devices MAC Address Changing the Bluetooth Device Type Select the Down Arrow button next to the Type field to change the type of device connected Select the proper type from the drop down menu Select the Save button to save this configuration Select the Close Button to exit without saving BT Device Configure Current Name USBIL PROE1 Save Close Figure 53 Changing Bluetooth Device Type Disable Enable Button Selecting the Disable Button will disable Bluetooth neetworking and change the button to Enable Selecting the Enable Button will restart Bluetooth networking and change the button back to Disable Close Button Select the close button to exit from Bluetooth setup Using a USB Cable to Connect Your Analyzer To connect the XL2 XRF Analyzer to your PC using the USB cable 1 Insert the Standard USB connector on the USB cable into a USB port on your computer 114 Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide Thermo Scientific 7 Connectivity Using a USB Cable to Connect Your Analyzer Standard USB Connector USB Fort Figure 54 Standard USB Connector 2 Open the Port Cover on the XRF Analyzer 3 Turn on the analyzer and insert the mini USB connector
140. th the highest scatter dose rate being recorded Max Q Trigger 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 5 0 25 Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide 13 2 Using Your Analyzer Safely and Effectively Using Your Analyzer Table 6 In Beam Measurements Dose Rates in Rem hr Table 6 Niton XL2 Radiation Profile In Beam Measurements Rem hr kV uA Range Contact Deep Contact Shallow 5cm Deep 30cm Deep 15 80 Low 7 9 230 2 1 0 088 20 80 Low 41 690 19 0 90 45 44 Main 45 150 7 4 0 70 Table 7 In Beam Measurements Dose Rates in mSv hr Table 7 Niton XL2 Radiation Profile In Beam Measurements mSv hr kV uA Range Contact Deep Contact Shallow 5cm Deep 30cm Deep 15 80 Low 79 2300 21 0 88 20 80 Low 410 6900 190 9 0 45 44 Main 450 1500 74 7 0 Notes In beam dose rates were measured using optically stimulated luminescent OSL dosimeters Reported results are based on measurement results that have been reduced to 2 significant digits by rounding up For example a measurement result of 1441 would be reported as 1500 14 Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide Thermo Scientific Niton XL2 GOLDD Radiation Profile 2 Using Your Analyzer Safely and Effectively Using Your Analyzer Table 8 Niton XL2 GOLDD Radiation profile Scatter measurements mRem hr Table8 Niton XL2 GOLDD Radiation Profile Scatter Measurements mRem hr kV uA 8 100 8 100 8 100 45 44 4 45 44 4 45 44 4 45 444 Range
141. the Mode icon a Select Mining Ta Hf from the Mode Menu 4 Select the Analyze icon a Select the Data Button if you wish to do any data entry b Enter the data on the sample using the Virtual Keyboard 5 Initiate the analysis 6 When the sample has been sufficiently analyzed stop the analysis 7 View the composition returned 8 Remove the sample Using TestAll Mode 1 Clean the sample to be analyzed so it is free of all surface contamination 2 Place the analyzer so that the sample covers the analysis window 3 Select the Mode icon a Select TestAll from the Mode Menu 4 Select the Analyze icon a Select the Data Button if you wish to do any data entry b Enter the data on the sample using the Virtual Keyboard 5 Initiate the analysis 6 When the sample has been sufficiently analyzed stop the analysis 7 View the composition returned 8 Remove the sample Using TestAll Geo Mode 1 Clean the sample to be analyzed so it is free of all surface contamination 44 Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide Thermo Scientific 4 Basic Operation Analysis Modes 2 Place the analyzer so that the sample covers the analysis window 3 Select the Mode icon a Select TestAll Geo from the Mode Menu 4 Select the Analyze icon a Select the Data Button if you wish to do any data entry b Enter the data on the sample using the Virtual Keyboard 5 Initiate the analysis 6 When the sample has been sufficiently a
142. the System Screen to re calibrate the analyzer s touch screen display This procedure establishes the display boundaries for the touch screen interface 1 Select the Touch Screen icon 2 The display will show a message asking you to confirm whether or not you want to calibrate your Touch Screen Select the Yes button 3 The display will show the message Calibrate Touch Screen There will be a small cross in the upper left hand corner of the display 4 Tap on this cross with the stylus and the cross will disappear and reappear in the upper right hand corner of the screen 5 Tap on the cross again and it will reappear in the lower right hand corner of the screen 6 Tap on the cross again and it will reappear in the lower left hand corner of the screen 7 lap on the cross once more and you will be presented with a Confirmation Screen 8 Select the Yes Button to confirm that the parameters are good Select the No Button to start the process again Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide 81 5 Common Operations Calibrating the Touch Screen 9 Once you have confirmed the parameters the System Menu will be displayed The screen is now calibrated Please Calibrate the Touch Screen Figure 20 Touch Screen Calibration Crosses The Touch Screen can be calibrated and the system operated with a USB mouse plugged into the USB ports in the rear of teh analyzer 82 Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide Thermo Scientific
143. the measurement will end The LED lights will stop blinking when the measurement is ended The flashing of the LED lights is not synchronized to minimize power consumption To end the test simply release the trigger mechanism or any other applicable preconditions Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide 187 8 Advanced Settings Camera Camera The Camera feature is only usable with properly configured analyzers and the Small Spot feature is only available on Small Spot analyzers If your analyzer is equipped with an internal video camera you can turn that camera on and off and turn the saving of images with the readings on and off through an interface When the camera is on the image will show in the Ready to Test screen as in Figure 123 If the camera is off saving of images will also be off If the camera is on and the image saving function is also on the images will automatically be saved with the reading Saving images will curtail the maximum number of readings stored How to Use the Camera When a Camera equipped analyzer is in the Ready to Test screen the video feed appears live on the analyzer s touch screen This is the image that can be saved with the sample analysis When you take a measurement if you choose to do so the bitmap image will be saved on the analyzer along with the analysis results The interface is accessible through the System menu as in Figure 120 188 Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide Thermo Scientific 8
144. ts l he range is counted from the last reading backward by the number of readings selected If your last reading was 15 selecting 3 would average readings 13 14 and 15 The average is calculated displayed and stored into memory as the next sequential reading number in this case 16 The range number is selected using a virtual numeric keypad on your analyzer similar to the keypad used for login Select the digits in the range number from the keypad then select the E button to enter the number The C button will clear all and the lt button will clear the last digit entered The average will automatically be displayed Set Hum to Average Figure 8 The Virtual Numeric Keypad Note You cannot average readings taken in different modes Doing this will generate an error Spectrum On Spectrum Off The Tools Menu contains a toggle option to display live spectra as sample analysis occurs Activating and Deactivating the Live Spectrum From the Tools Menu select the Spectra On button to turn the Spectrum feed on Once the spectrum is displayed selecting Spectra Off from the Tools Menu will stop the live spectrum display Thermo Scientific Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide 151 8 Advanced Settings Tools Menu Options 4 551 General Metals NAV Tools Time 31 6 sec No Match 7 4 Figure 9 Example Analysis Screen Showing Live Spectrum Print Alt Select the Print option from the Tools Menu to print the current anal
145. ual Average worker exposure annual Average exposure for an underground miner Dose in mrem 360 210 400 Exposure for airline crew 1 000 hours at 500 35 000 ft Additional from living in Denver at 5300 25 annual Additional from 4 pCi l radon in home Typical Chest X Ray Typical Head or Neck X Ray Typical pelvis hip x ray Typical lumbar spine x ray Typical Upper G I x ray Typical Barium enema x ray Typical CAT scan 1 000 6 20 65 30 245 405 110 Dose in mSv 3 6 2 1 4 0 5 0 25 10 0 0 06 0 2 0 65 0 3 2 45 4 05 1 10 Table 2 Annual Occupational Dose Limits for Radiation Workers Source Code of Federal Regulations Title 10 Part 20 Category Whole Body Pregnant Worker during gestation period Eye Dose Equivalent Shallow dose equivalent to the skin or any extremity or organ Dose in mrem 5000 500 15 000 50 000 Maximum allowable dose for the general 100 public annual For a Minor 6 Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide 500 Dose in mSv 50 5 150 500 1 0 5 0 Thermo Scientific 2 Using Your Analyzer Safely and Effectively Using Your Analyzer Monitoring your radiation exposure Individuals can be monitored for the radiation dose they receive by use of radiation dosimetry devices dosimeters Monitoring dose using a dosimeter can be a way of identifying improper use and at the same time demonstrating proper use In some locations dosimetry is requ
146. unique risk because they don t block the entire beam path The difficulty with placing small samples down on a work surface to analyze them is that you may get readings from the work surface that interfere with analytical results A test stand is an effective way of analyzing small samples accurately and safely Never hold samples during analysis or look into the path of the primary beam Irregularly Shaped Samples Irregularly shaped samples may not allow the proximity button to be depressed or they may not entirely cover the primary beam and cause additional scattering A back scatter shield is a safe way of reducing your radiation exposure while effectively analyzing an irregularly shaped sample Light Materials such as plastics Thermo Scientific X rays are attenuated more by denser and higher atomic mass materials and less through lighter materials such as plastic This causes higher dose rates in the scattered radiation If you are frequently handling low density samples you should consider the use of test stands backscatter shields or the equivalent Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide 11 2 Using Your Analyzer Safely and Effectively Using Your Analyzer Niton XL2 Radiation Profile Radiation Meter Information Model Bicron MicroRem SN 2057 Cal Due 10 10 2009 Background Radiation Level 0 01 mr hr Table 4 Scatter Measurements off various substrates Dose Rates in mRem hr Table4 Niton XL2 Radiation Profile S
147. when the elemental value is greater than the limit of detection e Always Always display the results for this element Use this state for elements critical to all of your analyses Never Never display the results for this element Use this state for elements which are unimportant to your work This makes your instrument display less complex Select the element you want to change then select the menu option corresponding to your choice of display status The currently selected element is displayed in white on black Select the Save Button to save your current status as the new default Select the Reset button to reset the settings to the previously saved state Select the Close button to exit the screen without saving 66 Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide Thermo Scientific Report Settings RoHS Option Detection Option 5 Common Operations Max Measure Time Under Electronics Metals Plastics and Test All Modes A field called Report Settings is available Selecting the triangle next to the Report Settings Field will open a pop up menu allowing you to choose between the three Report Settings Modes Select the mode you wish to edit Changing the settings for one analysis mode will not affect the settings for other modes and the configurations can be saved independently When the RoHS Option is selected clicking on the Pass and Fail values works as it does in any other Mode When the Detection Option is selected Selecting th
148. wing Data Read 582 Cs La 4 298 E 4 45KeTv sc Kb 4 46 J Figure 29 Area of Interest Fit to the Display The view of the spectrum will change to show only the area of interest Multiple Ranges SpectraView can display any individual spectra including those obtained from multiple Ranges filters if you are using more than one Range Use the NAV Menu to select which spectrum to view The Spectral choice will display the spectrum produced by the first Range The Spectra2 choice will display the spectrum produced by the second Range SpectraView Navigation Use the left button on the 4 way touch pad to expand the spectrum centered on the position of the cursor Use the right button on the 4 way touch pad to contract the spectrum centered on the position of the cursor Thermo Scientific Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide 89 6 Data Management Viewing Fingerprints Viewing Fingerprints Sample Analyze Type System Return Data Erase System Manage Advanced Check Libraries 82 Figure 30 The View Fingerprints Menu Path Select the View Fingerprints icon to view data saved as reference sample Fingerprints in Teach Fingerprint Mode When the View Fingerprints icon is selected the Results Screen of your most recent Teach Fingerprint is shown on the Touch Screen display 2 Teach Fingerprint NAV Tools Time 30 9 sec aa Brass 1228 AR P 90 Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide Thermo Scientific 6 Data Mana
149. ysis screen to any attached portable printer If you do not have a portable printer attached to your analyzer nothing will happen Set Pass Fail You can set up your analyzer to sort on a pass fail basis Pass Fail uses the chemistry of a user generated list of alloys in the library as a basis for comparison If the sample analysis is entirely within the specifications for one of these alloys a PASS result is given otherwise a FAIL result is returned To turn on Pass Fail select the Tools Menu and select Set Pass Fail from the menu The Pass Fail Setup Screen will come up 152 Niton XL2 Analyzer User s Guide Thermo Scientific 8 Advanced Settings Tools Menu Options Pass Fail Setup Available Selected Figure 10 Set Pass Fail Screen Add Remove Toggle Select alloys from the Available list and then the Add Button to move the alloy to the Selected List Select alloys from the Selected list and then the Remove Button to remove the alloys from the Selected List Save Select the Save Button to save these criteria Close Select the Close Button to exit without saving Pass Select the Pass Single button to initiate Pass Mode Use Pass Mode when you have a desirable match If the alloy being analyzed matches one of the alloys in the selected list the alloy will Pass the analysis Fail Select the Fail button to initiate Fail Mode Use Fail Single Mode when you have an undesirable match If the alloy being analyzed matches on

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