Experiment B-41, The Lungs and Spirometry
Contents
1. Back Expenment Erase Single Run Save Open Setup Expenment Step Expenment Experiment Experiment Spirometer id 1 Spirometer id 1 A Undo All Functions Maximum 0 000L s Back Minimum 2 276L s Average 1 409L s Frequency Hz Area sens SD 0 7109L s Number of Points 28 18 79 21 14 23 49 3 11 74 14 09 16 44 Time Second EE He 5 a 4 Grid Graph Table Point Area Challenge research 19 Measure your tidal volume after some physical activity 20 Compare your results with other students Summary questions 1 How much is your estimated total lung capacity TLC 2 How did the physical activity affect your tidal volume Explain d What were the differences among different students What were the differences between boys and girls Explain Experiment B 41 The Lungs and Spirometry Parameters Ver 3 0 22. 1 NeuLog EJ Experiment B 41 The Lungs and Spirometry Parameters 4 Aa N Objectives To learn about the mechanism of breathing To learn about lung volumes and capacities To compare these parameters before and after physical activity To compare these parameters among different students Modules and Sensors PC NeuLog application USB 200 module NUL 216 Spirometer logger sensor Materials Spirometer papers included with the sensor Experiment B 41 The Lungs and Spirometry Parameters Ver 3 0 2 2 NeuLog EJ Introduction The chest contains two lungs made up of sections called lobes and are protected by the ribcage The lungs bring oxygen into the body and remove carbon dioxide Air is breathed through the nose mouth or both The nose is the preferred route since it is a better filter for large particles than the mouth However when a large amount of air is needed the mouth route Is better The diaphragm is a large muscle located under the lungs Inhalation occurs when the diaphragm moves down the ribs flare outward the lungs expand and air is drawn in Exhalation occurs when the diaphragm relaxes and air leaves the lungs How much air do we breathe The normal amount of air that we breathe in and out when we are at rest is called tidal volume TV An average tidal volume is around half a liter We can also inhale a very large amount of air and then exhale all the air we can the volume of that exhale
3. d air is called our vital capacity VC typically 3 1 4 8 liters Inspiratory RY Reserve inspiratory Volume Capacity RV IC Vital Tidal Total Lung Volume Capacity TV TLC Functional Residual Capacity FRC Residual Volume Residual Volume RV We cannot exhale all the air from our lungs There is approximately 1 2 liters of air that remains in our respiratory tracts it is called the residual volume RV The total amount of air that we can hold the vital capacity plus the residual volume is the total lung capacity TLC Its volume is approximately 4 2 6 liters Experiment B 41 The Lungs and Spirometry Parameters Ver 3 0 2 3 NeuLog EJ Procedure Experiment setup 1 Make sure you have spirometer papers so that several students can use the same spirometer one after the other Note The spirometer logger sensor is designed for educational use only and may not be used for medical diagnose If you suffer from asthma or you are not feeling well do not conduct this experiment sensor setup 2 Connect the USB 200 module va to the PC 3 Check that the spirometer sensor is connected to the USB 200 module Note The following software functions are explained in short It is recommended to practice the NeuLog application functions as described in the user manual beforehand 4 Run the NeuLog application and check that the spirometer sensor is iden
4. tified Experiment B 41 The Lungs and Spirometry Parameters Ver 3 0 2 4 NeuLog x settings s Click on the On line Experiment icon Ga in the NeuLog main icon bar i 6 Click on the Experiment Setup icon and set the Experiment duration to 1 minute sampling rate to 10 per second Testing and measurements Note This experiment should be carried out in pairs f ES T Role the paper and insert it into the larger inlet of the spirometer While one student breathes in and out through the spirometer sensor another student should start the experiment and keep track of it 8 Tightly attach your lips to the rolled paper and block the air flow through your nose with your hand or a clip Experiment B 41 The Lungs and Spirometry Parameters Ver 3 0 2 10 11 12 13 14 15 5 NeuLog ix Click on the Run Experiment icon a to start the measurement Breathe regularly in and out a few times Afterwards inhale as hard as you can and then exhale as hard as you can Keep on breathing regularly for a few times and stop the experiment Click on the Area icon Pe In order to focus on the desired range click on the Zoom icon Q locate the mouse cursor at a point above the graph and press its left button keep it pressed and create a rectangle that includes the whole range Your graph should be similar to the following NeuLog D a rp E D CSME Back Experiment Erase Single Run Save Open Se
5. tup Experiment Step Experiment Experiment Experiment Spirometer id 1 Undo All Functions Back 2 103 4 206 6 309 8 412 10 52 12 62 14 72 16 82 18 93 21 03 R aie ke een EV BLY Pe Unzoom Zoom Zoom Select Show Grid Graph Table Point Area All Fit Zone Functions Save your graph Using the Area function we can calculate the tidal volume TV and the vital capacity VC Experiment B 41 The Lungs and Spirometry Parameters Ver 3 0 2 6 NeuLog EF 16 Click on the Select zone icon le and choose an area of the graph that incudes a regular inhale or exhale Click on the A 3 Show functions icon is NeuLog D Ec D coe Save Open Back Expenment Erase Single Run pe Experiment Experiment Setup Experiment Step Experiment Spirometer id 1 Undo All Functions ra sate ss Back Average 0 1862L s Frequency InfinityHz Area 0 1977L s SD 0 06991L s Number of Points 11 Functions 11 74 14 09 16 44 18 79 21 14 23 49 Time Second EE M E as Po Grid Graph Table Point Area 17 You will notice that the area beneath the curve is calculated The area is equal to the tidal volume TV which in the sample experiment is 0 19 L Experiment B 41 The Lungs and Spirometry Parameters Ver 3 0 2 7 NeuLog EJ 18 Repeat these steps but this time choose the part of the measured maximum exhaled air This is the vital capacity VC which in the sample experiment is equal to 3 92 L NeuLog OG tt E D o gt
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