Digilyzer DL1 User Manual
Contents
1. AUTO POWER OFF defines the time of the automatically switch off after the last key press AUTO LIGHT OFF defines how long the backlight stays on after being activated PPM OVER THRESH defines the number of full scale values causing a Clipping indication at the ppm meter MULTIPLE SETUP allows four users to store their individual settings To enable the multiple setup mode set the corresponding entry to ENABLE The next time the Digilyzer is switched on the user will have to select the individual setup ID 1 2 3 or 4 in the startup screen All parameter settings in all measurement modes are now stored under this ID at the switch off and are recalled if this ID is selected at the next start up ANMOOOAQAS INITIALIZING S 5TEM Fig 4 08 Multiple user startup screen 21 Basic Operation Fast Access Setup Some key combinations allow fast access to the most frequently used settings Pressing a hot key combination shows the FAST ACCESS SETUP screen and changes the value If you don t remember the key combinations just press ESC for two seconds and the FAST ACCESS SETUP is displayed ESC enter ESC on off AGC on off mute unmute ESC up speaker higher LCD FAST A Treg v contrast LEUSA EES L i Speaker muted Fy AUT GALT ESC down CTRL of lower LCD contrast A FONTRAST ESC left ESC right volume down volume up Fig 4 09 Fast access setup screen The symbolized keypad on the left part of th2. BFS 1 000 sHLEf SHEIT Fig 5 40 Level selection menu Level peak measurements indicate thought digitally the maximum number value of the input signal Level RMS measures the power of the signal The RMS functions of the Digilyzer such as Level RMS sweep and THD N are available as single channel functions only Level sweep based on RMS measurement Application hint In digital audio the level peak measurement is basically mostly used while in the analog area RMS values are important Whenever you want to make measurements in the area of frequency response RMS is usually the correct choice 41 Measurement Functions Level Peak The Level peak function displays the actual peak value of the incoming digital audio signal The digital peak level measurement provides information about the peak to peak signal level compared to the full scale of the converter The result is displayed simultaneously for both channels in numerical letters and in analog form indicated in a bargraph LEWEL en SHEA ne 41999 18 Hz 4 5 Wap Co coun dr TALB L ABF 4 cms vin 46 1 d BFE A FRO 4E OkH2 STREG DUEIT Fig 5 41 Level peak screen Result and unit The peak level can be displayed in three different units e dBF decibel full scale e percent of full scale e x1 number e g 0 1 of full scale The peak level units refer to the maximum possible level of the digital signal 100 or 0 dBF Ap
3. This happens e g at a CD player with active error correction 55 DL1 event FR PARITY FR BLOCKCRCC AU OVERLOAD AU MUTE AU WORDLEN CS CON PRO CS EMPHASIS CS FREQUENCY Appendix description Parity error The parity of the received signals is not correct problems on the transmission line CRCC Error The CRCC of the channel status information is incorrect problems on the transmission line Audio signal based events A clipping in the audio signal is detected The clipping detector is configured in the Digilyzer setup screen The setting for PPM OVER THRESH is stored within the log No audio signal but only zeros have been found The measured word length or the audio signal has changed do not confuse with the word length signalized in the channels status Channel status based events The professional consumer indication bit in the channel status has changed The emphasis bit of the channel status has changed The signalized sample frequency in the channel status has changed 56 remark n a ADAT 10 rec s n a ADAT 10 rec s 10 rec s 10 rec s n a ADAT 10 rec s n a ADAT 10 rec s n a ADAT 10 rec s DL1 event CS WORDLEN CS CHA lt gt CHB CS OTHER IC FREQUENCY IC WORDLEN IC FREQPPM IC MODE1C2f Appendix description The signalized word length in the channel status has changed The status of channel A i
4. bit O is 1 applicable if bvte 4 bit O is O ORIGNAL FS 44 1kHz ORIGNAL FS 88 2kHz ORIGNAL FS 22050Hz ORIGNAL FS 176400 ORIGNAL FS 48 0kHz ORIGNAL FS 96 0kHz ORIGNAL FS 24 0kHz ORIGNAL FS 192kHz 62 Appendix Byte Bit Bit info Digilyzer Explanation Channel status Quick view 4 4 7 Original sampling frequency ORIGNAL FS RESVD_7 ORIGNAL FS 8 0kHz ORIGNAL FS 11025Hz ORIGNAL FS 12 0kHz ORIGNAL FS 32 0kHz ORIGNAL FS RESVD 2 ORIGNAL FS 16 0kHz ORIGNAL FS NO ID 63 Technical Specification 9 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION Frame Measurements Signal Carrier Frame Event logger Recording resolution Recording duration Display At Recording intervals Single errors in one recording interval Input connectors Monitor Display Power supply Consumer Professional up to 24 bit Sampling frequency f 32 96 kHz Also supports Interleaved 96 kHz mode on all inputs single channel double sampling frequency modes Level FS level RMS signal frequency THD N event logger frequency sweep PPM scope overload detection Full Scale detection Sampling frequency accuracy 2 5 ppm carrier level Channel status according to AES 3 ed 2003 and IEC 60958 3 ed 2003 bit statistics selectable 1 10 1 10 1h selectable 8 83 8h 83h 20days 1 10 1 10 1h 10h 24h all max 500 10 36 000 AES 3 110 Ohm XLR S PDIF RCA TOS Link A
5. EHFHAS mFS UB ObH2 SOURCE F Press the enter key to confirm eACC LULA u CHANNEL gt the new setting SOFFH sHLEN fio ID Fig 3 04 PPM setting Activate the VU PPM function Press the ESC key twice cursor moves to the left top PN Press the enter key to open T 7 iy RCL STA the measurement menu i m d CHANNEL na E FHAS Move the cursor down to e SOURCE 7 VU PPM m ILL LULL m CHANNEL 7 si SOFFH sHLEN f ID Press the enter key to confirm the new setting Fig 3 05 VU PPM mode 16 First Steps 8 Change auto power off time Move the cursor to SET on the UU PPH S F O A EBLAM menu line and press the enter 41999 78 Hz HAH B 03dEF key 4 3 Upp CI HAN 8 03 dEF Select AUTO POWER OFF with the cursor keys and press the enter key Setthetime to 60 MIN with the cursor keys BO 40 30 HI 1050 es Com 4B OkH2 d CHfi Confirm the setting with the al enter key AUTO FOHEK OFF FOR Press ESC to leave the ee THRESH 3 S PLE SETUP screen HULTIFLE SETUF DISAELE FRESS Esc T EXIT SETUF 9 Backlight power off Fig 3 06 Auto power off setting Press the On Off key shortly to energize the backlight The backlight remains active according to the setting in the SETUP menu Press the On Off key for two seconds to switch the instrument off Congratulations the first steps have been done with the Digilyzer to support the bas
6. Open the web page http mv nti audio com You are prompted to login or create the My NTi Audio Account The web page My NTi Audio Products opens Select the product type and enter the serial number Confirm with Register Now the product is listed in the table My NTi Audio Products Introduction International Warranty and Repair International Warranty NTi Audio guarantees the Digilyzer DL1 and its components against defects in material or workmanship for a period of one year from the date of original purchase and agrees to repair or to replace at its discretion any defective unit at no cost for either parts or labor during this period Restrictions This warranty does not cover damages caused through accidents misuse lack of care the attachment or installation of any components that were not provided with the product loss of parts connecting the instrument to a power supply input signal voltage or connector type other than specified or wrongly polarized batteries In particular no responsibility is granted for special incidental or consequential damages This warranty becomes void if servicing or repairs of the product are performed by any party other than an authorized NTi Audio service center or if the instrument has been opened in a manner other than specified in this manual No other warranty written or verbal is authorized by NTi Audio Except as otherwise stated in this warranty NTi Audio ma
7. one hour Zoom in to get a more detailed information about the time of individual events occurred Set to ALL maximum zoom out to get an overview of all records 36 Measurement Functions Displaying events The display of the event logger is split into three areas LOGGER nESa n ESET s er OHASK 3618 at i REC setting nen di mie L 0 00 00 LoG_START Event list 335 Ck UNLOCK i Ck CONFIDENCE 10 FR UALIDITY Logger 0 00 26 9 AU OUERLOAD info line Fig 5 22 Detailed info of records Event list After the cursor is navigated to the event list it can be scrolled with the up down key In this mode the data can be zoomed by using the left and right arrow keys Press ESC to quit the event list Logger info line While the cursor is in the event list the individual detailed information to the selected event is displayed Many errors may occur on channel A or B separately e g AU OVERLOAD and be indicated 37 Measurement Functions Masking events For a better overview some events can be hidden from the logging display e g the audio signal clips very often or the channel status changes permanently because oftime code Therefore the Digilyzer offers you the possibility to select which events you want to see or hide Select the field MASK to enter to the LOGGER DISPLAY MASK screen hr eee Event visible at en o CARRIER m Concer RO event list oF RAHE AFAR categories a AUDIE aaa erm Event masked S
8. 43 Measurement Functions Display mode Giving a better readability the display mode determines the rapidity of following up the input signal changes The available modes are e SLOW 3 seconds averaging e NRM 1 seconds averaging e FAST no averaging If averaging is active measurements are smoothed in an exponential way exponential time constant before being displayed 44 Measurement Functions Level Sweep The Digilyzer supports a RMS based frequency sweep This function can be applied to measure the frequency response of devices During a frequency sweep the Digilyzer records the Level RMS of every input signal that has a stable frequency and level provided that the frequency is higher than the one of the previous sample otherwise the sample will be neglected LEWEL ADAT Arrow mode Zoom Y Scale Arrow readout Fig 5 43 Frequency sweep graph Within a graph every recorded sample is connected by a straight line approximately to the previous next sample thus building the displayed curve In practice the following steps are required available for the execution of a frequency sweep e Arm the sweep recording process by moving the cursor to the REC field and pressing the enter key e The DL1 detects the start tone 315 Hz or 1 kHz of an external sweep and the recording is automatically started This status is indicated by the flashing REC field Alternatively the sweep recording may be started manua
9. CHL STATUS HORDLEN not Mabie SINTEREITT CHA CAE en All masking A l l s THER on off FRG 4YE OkH2 STREG DUEIT Fig 5 23 Logger display mask The first column displays all event categories The complete event category or single events of each category can be masked The filled square indicates that the event is displayed at the event list NOTE Masking does not effect the recording All events are logged at anytime Overview of used event coding See Appendix Application hint To read out one specific event only select in the LOGGER DISPLAY MASK the ALL ON OFF field and press enter gt all squares will be empty select the specific event you are looking for press enter and the specific square is filled up 38 Measurement Functions VU PPM The Digilyzer offers acombined VU and PPM meter for two channels stereo This combination enables a quick and accurate overview on the momentary peak level and RMS value power of the signal which tends to be an indication for the volume Rg HES A ENSET 41999 18 Hz JHAX 16 1 dEF L Numerical 4 5 Upp CI JHAX 16 1 der f Peak hold Channel A Over BO 40 30 20 indicator Channel B E A Peak hold for PPM FRO HH DOEHZ VU meter PPM meter thick bar thin bar Fig 5 30 VU PPM panel Numerical peak hold indicates the all time max input peak level of each channel since the VU PPM mode has been entered It may be reset by placing the cursor on thi
10. DAT AES 3id 75 Ohm using Chinch BNC adapter phantom power resistant Built in speaker headphone connector Backlit graphic LCD 3x AA size dry batteries alkaline typical lifetime 8 hours External DC power 7 5 VDC 500 mA stabilized use NTi Audio recommended parts only 64 Dimensions LxWxH Weight Temperature Humidity Protection Rating 163 x 86 x 42 mm 6 4 x 3 38 x 1 63 300 g 10 5 oz incl batteries 0 to 45 C 32 to 113 F lt 90 R H non condensing IP51 65 Quick Guide Digilyzer Escape TS On Off 2 sec ji i tyr ji Enter 2 l Cursor kevs ri Measurement Function Menu CHANNEL STATUS PAGE 1 E PAGE 2 PAGE 3 BIT STATISTIC LOGGER VU PPM LEVEL PEAK REL SWEEP THD N SCOPE dth 500 10 14
11. Digilyzer DL1 User Manual NTi Audio Contact Headquarter NTi Audio AG Im alten Riet 102 9494 Schaan Liechtenstein Europe Tel 423 239 6060 Fax 423 239 6089 E mail info nti audio com Home www nti audio com NTi Audio is an ISO 9001 2008 certified company NTi Audio AG All rights reserved Subject to change without notice Release 2 20 Oct 2014 Software D2 20 Digilyzer Minirator Minilyzer MiniSPL Made in MiniLINK and Minstruments are registered Switzerland trademarks of NTi Audio INDEX 1 INTRODUCTION 4 CE Declaration of Conformity 4 Registration 5 International Warranty and Repair 6 Warnings 7 Test amp Calibration Certificate 7 Scope of Deliverv 7 2 OVERVIEW 8 Functions 9 Monitoring 10 Connectors 13 Batterv Replacement 14 3 FIRST STEPS 15 4 BAsic OPERATION 18 5 MEASUREMENT FUNCTIONS 27 Channel Status 27 Bit Statistic 33 Logger 35 VU PPM 39 Level Measurement 41 Level Peak 42 Level RMS 43 Level Sweep 45 THD N 47 Scope 49 6 TROUBLESHOOTING 50 7 ACCESSORIES 51 MiniLINK 51 Mains Power Adapter 51 Minstruments System Case 52 Pouch 52 8 APPENDIX 53 1C2f Format 53 Logger Event Coding 55 Professional Format Coding 58 Consumer Format Coding 61 9 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION 64 Introduction 1 INTRODUCTION Congratulations and thank you for buying NTi Audio s Digilyzer DL1 a product specially suited for professional audio application
12. T AVAILABLE ON ADAT To display the complete status information three different pages are available e page 1 main status information e page 2 additional status information e page 3 status information in hex code The page number is displayed at the top center of the measurement screen Select the page number with the cursor and press enter to select the next page 27 Measurement Functions Professional Format Status Page number memory 41999 18 Hz 4 5 pp DI Format a FR FESSTIAL Signal emphasis Data coding LINEAR FCH Channel mode Fs locked Pm LOCK f l If m UDAT fd ID User bit format Sampling frequ BAUH EHEIT Auxiliary bit use Fs scaling m HLEN AHETT Word length Fig 5 01 Channel status professional page 1 Status Page number memory 41999 18 Hz 4 5 Upp Co k KOL STI Level alignment ET Data reliability Reference signal Cyclic Time of day redundancy Sample code check Data origin destination Fig 5 02 Channel status professional page 2 Further details to the individual status indications are listed in the appendix 28 Measurement Functions Page number CH STAT SADOCH AISET 7 z ggg a H2 4 5 Upp L I 5 lpp CA E _e RCL_STO_ Column LE BE RE ne R numbe i an 432 D oo oo Do on oo on Jon 00 00 00 OO DO 00 EE Fig 5 03 Channel status professional page 3 On the third page the complete status information is displayed as hex code The content of each status by
13. ad out The original sampling frequency field is used to indicate the fs of the signal prior sampling frequency conversion in a consumer playback format Page three displays the complete status information as hex code 30 Measurement Functions Consistency Check The consistency check is constantly running as a background task It compares the carrier information with the status information E g the sampling frequency claims to be 44 1 kHz but in reality is 48 0 kHz Such errors are immediately displayed via a flashing square around the individual status information Measured JIEH STAT S FDJEHAJSETI sampling 471999 718 Hz frequency 4 5 Upp CI Fy RCL STA SFROFESSHAL efi EHFHAS s LINEAR FCH STEREO CHM Wrong sample LOCK fd Ib mMUDAT fie ID frequ status S 40 CAs AUH ZYEIT information mFS 1 000 mHLEM 24EIT Fig 5 06 Channel status consistency check The consistency check is carried out with the following parameters e Sample frequency e Word length e Clock accuracy e 1C2f usage Application hints e Wrong signalization of the sample frequency of digital audio devices may cause real trouble e Some units expected to be e g 24 bit devices signalize 24 bit in the channel status but only send 22 relevant bits The consistency check helps to see this problems quick and easy Channel Status Details Detailed information about the interpretation of each individual bit and bytes may be found in
14. are e SLOW 3 sec averaging e NRM 1 sec averaging e FAST no averaging If averaging is active measurements are smoothed in an exponential way exponential time constant before being displayed Application hints e Whenever one sample reaches full scale slight clipping of the signal is possible so the THD N value may degrade Therefore try to level the signal so the full scale indication does not appear e An analog to digital A D converter may show the following errors at the signal conversion e The imperfect linearity of the converter adds hopefully little new harmonics to the signal e Every analog part generates noise which is added to the signal during conversion e An A D converter has only a finite resolution e g 16 bit so the converter must round each sample value which results in an error called quantization noise A perfect test signal fed into an ideal A D converter causes a THD N of the digitized signal of theoretically N 6 02 dB 1 76 dB N bit resolution of the converter E g a 16 bit converter has a theoretical THD N of 98 08 dB In practice good converters even 24 bit do not achieve better values than 110 dB With such measurements the input signal is often the limiting point To measure THD N down to 100 dB a generated sine wave with a THD N better than 100 dB is required Such a sine wave is often generated only by expensive special audio analyzing equipment 48 Measurement Fu
15. d OT RECORD gol Recording RESOLUTION i a interval HAX LENGTH Bh LFMUALLLULII ll Calculated maximum FRG 4E OkH2 STREO SHELTI recording length Fig 5 20 Recording setup window 35 Sum of event occurances Measurement Functions Select the REC field press enter and the RECORD window is displayed Select the recording interval of the recording The max recording length is defined by this resolution The Digilyzer has the capability to store data of 500 recording intervals A higher recording interval is causing a shorter maximum recording length Select and confirm GO to start the logger function The recording setup window disappears and the REC field is flashing The logging may be stopped by pressing the enter key at the REC field Sum of all events in event list Display interval LOGGER RESa A EET Mask frame e RASK 361 2 AANE Event name Event list 10 FK UALIDITY g AU QUERLOAD FRO 4E OkH2 STREG DUEIT Fig 5 21 Overview records Display interval The events occurred during the user defined display interval are summarized and shown on the Digilyzer The bundling of logger data helps to make the events more clear and easy to overview After the logging is completed the display interval may be changed Zoom out the intervals e g the error log has a recording interval of ten seconds and you want to know how many events have been found in the last hour just Zoom out to a display interval of
16. dBF 16 1dBF FRO 4E OkH2 STREG DUEIT Fig 2 05 Channels A B selected 10 Overview e Some functions e g SCOPE are one channel functions only You only hear the channel which is displayed on the screen Channel B selected CH STAT 41999 18 Hz 7 4 3 Upp CCI _eRCL_STO_ sFEOFESSTIAL efi EHFHAS s LINEARE FCH STEREO CHM BLOCK fi Ib sUDAT fie ID mFS HB ObHz es AU 24EIT BFS 1 000 sHLEf SHEIT Fig 2 06 Channel B selected Digital versus analog Installations with digital and analog audio lines often cause headache and struggles In reality some analog line maybe connected and the Digilyzer can not lock to the non digital signal Therefore the Digilyzer has the ability of analog monitoring The Digilyzer may not lock to the input signal digitally but it routes the signal directly to the speaker and headphone output so you may hear the analog input signal acoustically For visual clarification ANALOG MONITORING ON is flashing on the display CH STAT Eddi Hz sia 4 3 Upp Gece STA nd CARRIER of SELECTED IfFuT ANALOG HOFITOR fi Flashing Fig 2 07 Analog monitoring 11 Overview Debugging or listening The built in speaker on the rear side gives the acoustical response of the measured signal everywhere and any time without the need of a headphone For the users convenience a good headphone may be connected for listening in superior quality up to 24 bit 96 kHz Th
17. e headphone output may be used as D A converter e g some recording with a minidisc player is requested but no analog output is available Oops no signal Often no signal is found during troubleshooting at digital audio lines Can this be The Digilyzer offers a digital realized AGC automatic gain control to zoom up the digital signal So even a change of the LSB least significant bit is fully audible The tremendous dynamic range of 140 dB allows to listen to the smallest disturbances For example someone just has closed the fader or muted the signal so just activate the AGC and listen even dither noise will be audible FAST ACCESS SETUF id VOLUME Description AUT GATN L roa AGC ON OFF H mumum CONTRAST Hotkey symbol Fig 2 08 Automatic gain control All the above monitoring functionalities can be controlled by using hotkeys displayed in the FAST ACCESS SETUP menu Dual domain measurements Level RMS and distortion THD N measurements are fundamental to check A D converters The complete test system even checks mixed mode applications such as A D converters or digital mixers is available in combination with the analog signal generator Minirator 12 Overview Connectors The Digilyzer includes the following connectors AES3 110 Ohm S PDIF 75 Ohm Headphone TOS Link terminated terminated output ADAT Fig 2 09 Inputs and outputs of DLI NOTES e ForAES3 75 Ohm signals BNC c
18. e screen indicates the hot keys function of the individual buttons The actual adjustment is shown on the right side of the display VOLUME setting of speaker volume The volume control and the mute unmute settings do not influence the analog monitoring Analog audio signals are made audible with the speaker but no measurement result is displayed In this way analog audio signals are immediately indicated to the user To analyze an analog signal the Minilyzer ML1 is recommended to be used AUT GAIN CONTROL AGC all incoming signals are leveled to the same loudness even if the signals are 60 dBF The AGC amplifies a signal up to 140 dB so even dithering noise on a silent line is audible CONTRAST setting of the display contrast For the detailed readout of fast changing display indications e g SCOPE or VU PPM an increased LCD contrast is recommended to be set 22 Basic Operation Display Basics Debugging and analyzing digital audio signals need a few explanation to be best visualized at the same time For example a recorder does not recognize the incoming signal so it is important to find out e Is there a digital or an analog signal on the line e ls there any audible information on the digital line e What is the format of the data consumer professional e Does the signalized channel status correspond to the data e What s the level and the frequency of the carrier e and much more In many measurement f
19. enu bar or FO ICH AISET 12 it li BEL STI IAL mil EHFHAS CH e STEREO CHM Ib sUDAT fie ID ero ao UEH2 MAL 2YELT BFS 1 000 mHLEM 2UEIT Fig 4 03 Measurement function menu me 41999 78 E 4 5 Upp C B kid BF B BHdBF LUM MB OEH2 d ECHfi Fig 4 04 Input source menu 19 Basic Operation Any of the following formats may be selected e AES3 e S PD abbreviation for S PDIF e TOSL abbreviation for TOS LINK e ADAT ADAT format via the TOS Link input e 1C2f abbreviation of the single channel double sampling frequency mode see details to this mode in the appendix Fig 4 05 Format menu Selection of Input Channel Corresponding to the selected input source the available input channels may be selected The individual measurement result of each channel is displayed For a better understanding of the input channels e Channel A the left side of a headphone e Channel B the right side of a headphone Indicator for Operation Low Battery Amoving sine symbol indicates that the unit is running properly E cH Alternatively this field shows a low battery indicator mom FRE EHF Fig 4 06 Low battery indicator 20 Basic Operation Setup Screen The setup screen allows to customize basic settings of the Digilyzer SETUF AUTO FOHER OFF FOR AUTO LIGHT OFF 3 SEC FFH ONER THRESH 3 SHFLS HULTIFLE SETUF DISHELE FRESS ESC To EXIT SETUF Fig 4 07 Setup screen
20. er with S PDIF output playing a music CD 1 Insert batteries N Connect the S PDIF signal to the RCA input oO Reset the Digilyzer to default state by holding down the ESC key and simultaneously 3 pressing the ON button for about two seconds Fig 3 01 Digilyzer 4 Select S PDIF as input format Move the cursor inverted box one step right to the format menu by using the cursor Z keys 41999 18 4 5 Upp C Press the enter key to open the format menu Select S PD and press the 8 04dBF enter key Com 4E OkH2 d CHfi gt The channel status information is displayed and music is audible trough the built in speaker Fig 3 02 Format selection 15 First Steps Decrease the volume FAST ACCESS SETUF Press and hold the ESC and left cursor key simultaneously TE WOLUHE This causes the FAST ACCESS SETUP screen to be displayed and the volume to decrease Decrease increase 5 Volume Measure the accuracy of the volume hot keys indication mpling rat Se Tue Fig 3 03 Volume setting The accuracy is measured in ppm so the unit of the sampling frequency has to be changed as follows Move the cursor to the unit Hz Press the enter key to select Press any cursor key to CH STAT Sr B0 CH AISET change from Hz to ppm 41999 18 E 4 5 Upp CA li _eRCL_STO_ The measured accuracy is TS ERnEIHER TONSUNER 2 CHANTEL immediately displayed ALINEAR PCH fo
21. f mode even if the input sample rate is higher than 48 kHz This may cause the DL1 to unlock to the input signal or could exceed the processing power of the Digilyzer This is indicated as CARRIER FREQUENCY TO HIGH in the quick status information on the bottom of the display 54 Appendix Logger Event Coding The following chart lists all details to the Digilvzer Logger event coding The remark column states e Any format not applicable n a for the individual events e Maximum amount of events indicated per second rec s or sample each sample is counted DL1 event description remark Carrier based events CR UNLOCK Digilyzer is not able to lock to the 10 rec s CR LOCK input CR FS TO HIGH Sample frequency in 1C2f mode is 10 rec s to high CR The received data eye pattern 10 rec s CONFIDENCE opening is less than half of a bit period problems on the transmission line CR BI PHASE Violation of the biphase mark format n a ADAT of the carrier signal 10 rec s CR LEVEL A change of the carrier level greater n a ADAT than 100mV generates this event amp TOSlink Details about the carrier level aver 1rec s age min and max carrier level are also acquired CR A change of the carrier frequency 1 rec s FREQUENCY greater than 1 Hz generates this event Details about the carrier fre quency min and max carrier fre quency are also acquired Frame based events FR VALIDITY Validity bit set
22. g 2 02 Measurement functions Easy operation The Digilyzer has an easy to use menu driven user interface Changing of the settings takes place at the displayed values there is no complex setup screen The base element for operational functions is the cursor inverted area which can be navigated through the various screens by using the cursor keys All selectable settings may be adjusted individually by pressing the enter key and selecting the requested value with the cursor keys Confirm the setting by pressing the enter key again ki JAKEL STI i E FHAS Rts erlTEREO CHI ae suoHT fin ID ero ao uRH2 MALA 2YELT BFS 1 000 sHLEf SHEIT Fig 2 03 DLI menu Overview LENEL S F DAt ESET 41999 18 T 4 3 Wap Co 8 OUP TET u L A ka F E change setting FRO HH OOEHZ STREG SHELIT Fig 2 04 Changing settings Monitoring When it comes to digital audio one of the major problems is that humans do not have digital ears and thus can not listen to the incoming embedded audio signal The Digilvzer offers a wide range of functionalitv to make digital audio audible What vou hear is what vou measure e Functions with measurement of both channels e g A B the output of the speaker is a mix of the two channel signals Over the headphone output you may hear the signal in stereo channel Aon the left and channel B on the right side Both channels A B selected 41 999 18 HZ 4 5 Upp CA 16 1
23. he soft pouch protects the Digilyzer against shocks dust and water With its convenient belt clip you can keep it close to you even when you need both hands for other tasks Fig 7 03 Pouch Minstruments System Case Store your valuable Minstruments test system consisting of the Digirator and the Digilyzer DL1 adequately in the compact system case which gives you extra space for cables connectors and other accessories you wish to bring along when you are out in the field checking audio Fig 7 04 System case systems Minstruments cs a a 52 Appendix 8 APPENDIX 1C2f Format The AES3 standard includes the following two options for 96 kHz sample rate operation e To double the frame rate from the previous 48 kHz to 96 kHz not possible for older equipment This is the normal operation of the Digilyzer e Using the two sub frames two channels of a 48 kHz frame rate AES3 signal to carry consecutive samples of a mono signal resulting in a 96 kHz sample rate stream The samples of one 96 kHz signal are packed interleaved into two 48 kHz signals This allows older equipment which transmitters and receivers are not rated for 96 kHz frame rate operation to handle 96 kHz sample rate information This mode is called single channel double frequency mode or double wire mode two AES3 cables are needed for stereo The Digilyzer also enables measurements in this mode Just select the inpu
24. ic knowledge of the menu and device handling NOTE e Pressing the enter key changes a value directly or enters the selection mode blinking cursor The available settings may be selected with the cursor keys e Inthe selection mode you may press ENTER to confirm the setting ESC key to undo the setting 17 Basic Operation 4 BASIC OPERATION The operation of the Digilyzer is almost self explanatory despite the wide range of available measurement functions Speaker at the rear side MEL mACE LULE C 7 fo ID Hai kie BIFPHO BLEI Escape button Power On Off Backlight Enter Cursor kevs Fig 4 01 Control elements The LCD is divided into the menu bar on top and the results displayed below showing various information about the current status To quickiv get the required information press the enter cursor kevs and the escape button to allow straightforward navigation through the available features The cursor position is represented bv an inverted displav white on black of the field holding the cursor When the Digilvzer is on itwill utilize the same measurement function settings as switched off the last time 18 Basic Operation Menu Bar The menu bar allows the user to select the Measurement Input Input Setup Battery status function source format screen indication only 41999 78 Hz 4 5 Wap Co 16 1dBF 16 1dBF FRO 4E OkH2 STREG DUEIT Fig 4 02 M
25. ing items are included with the packing e Digilvzer DL1 e Rubber Cushion e Chinch BNC Adapter e User Manual Overview 2 OVERVIEW The Digilyzer is a sophisticated tool used to analyze digital audio signals It is designed for easy and quick maintenance and debugging of digital audio equipment and installations Therefore the Digilyzer observes the signals from many points of view simultaneously An accurate overview of the actual signal condition is displayed on a large LCD and hidden errors are visualized e g consistency check Menu bar LEVEL RES a A ESET Carrier information PPM meter 16 idBF FRO UH OOkHZ STREO gSHELIT Quick status information Fig 2 01 Overview displav Bv using the Digilvzer understanding and handling digital signals is simple However some basic knowledge about digital audio signals is essential Please refer to our homepage for some easy literature about digital audio basics Interface types The Digilyzer supports all common used interface types such as AES3 S PDIF TOS LINK and ADAT This range could be further extended by using external adapters or cheap equipment e g a TDIF to ADAT converter Overview Functions The Digilyzer features many useful measurement functions which are accessible through a menu bar SF OCH ALSET Hz i 1 _ KCL_STO_ IAL mfi EHFHHS CH STEREO CHM ID sUDAT fie ID mra dn unHhz AUH AHEIT BFS 1000 sHLEN 2UEIT Fi
26. kback User defined Reserved applicable if byte 2 bit 0 2 is 100 Reserved Reserved applicable in all other cases WLEN RSRVD WLEN RSRVD Reserved Reserved 6 7 Indication of alignment level 00 ALGN NO ID 01 ALGN SMPTE 10 ALGN EBU 11 ALGN RSRVD Not indicated Acc to SMPTE RP155 According to EBU R68 Reserved 59 Byte Bit 3 0 2 4 0 1 3 6 Bit info Appendix Digilyzer Channel status Quick view Channel identification Digital audio reference signal 00 01 10 11 Extended sampling frequency MCMDO CH MCMD CH MCMD2 CH MCMD CH MCMD1 CH MCMD CH MCMD3 CH MCUSR CH NO REF SIG GRAD 1 REF GRAD 2 REF REFS RSRVD FS NO ID FS RESERVD FS RESERVD FS RESERVD fs 96kHz fs 88 2kHz FS RESERVD FS RESERVD fs 24kHz fs 22050Hz FS RESERVD FS RESERVD fs 192kHz fs 176400 FS RESERVD FS USERDEF FS_NOID FS_RSVD FS_RSVD FS_RSVD 96 0kHz 88 2kHz FS_RSVD FS_RSVD 24 0kHz 22050Hz FS RSVD FS RSVD 192kHz 176kHz FS RSVD FS USER Sampling frequency scaling flag 0 1 FS 1 000 FS 1 001 60 Explanation Mode 0 Reserved Mode 2 Reserved Mode 1 Reserved Mode 3 User defined No reference signal Grade 1 ref signal Grade 2 ref signal Reserved Not indicated Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved User defined No scaling Scaling 1 1 001 Appendix Consumer Format Coding Overview of codings and abbrevations
27. kes no representation or warranty of any kind expressed or implied in law or in fact including without limitation merchandising or fitting for any particular purpose and assumes no liability either in tort strict liability contract or warranty for products Repair of your Digilyzer DL1 In case of malfunction take or ship prepaid your NTi Audio Digilyzer packed in the original box to the authorized NTi Audio representative in your country For contact details see the NTi Audio web page Be sure to include a copy of your sales invoice as prove of purchase date Transit damages are not covered by this warranty Introduction Warnings In order to avoid any problems during the operation of the instrument follow the rules listed below e Use the instrument for the intended purpose only e Never connect the instrument to a high voltage output such as a power amplifier mains power etc e Do not disassemble the instrument e Never use the instrument in a damp environment e Remove the batteries as soon as they are flat or if the instrument is not intended to be used for a longer period of time Test amp Calibration Certificate This is to certify the Digilyzer DL1 is fully tested to the manufacturer s specifications NTi Audio recommends to calibrate this test instrument one 1 year after purchase Thereafter the calibration and adjustment interval is subsequently one 1 year Scope of Delivery The follow
28. l audio signal VUCP data EL LU A AE a EJSETJ TAL AUDIO UULFI kI Actual word sou endih 0033 FRE ENFH SE AUDIO DATA HSE Audio data Auxiliary bits A 000 ttt tttttit EEE channel A On ttitttitiittttit channelB FRO HHAkH2 STEREO BOEIT Fig 5 10 Bit statistic panel The display allows you to see quickly which bits of the audio data are permanently low 0 high 1 or changing indicated via the up down arrow symbol Actual word length The actually measured resolution is displayed VUCP data The following bit information is displayed e V validity bit indicating whether the digital audio bits may be converted to an analog audio signal if the validity bit is permanently O the incoming data is valid e U user bit containing any user bit information e G status bit containing the channel status information this bit is normally changing e P parity bit plausibility check of actual subframe this bit is normally changing Auxiliary bits These bits may be used for e Audio data e 2 channel e g talk back 33 Measurement Functions Audio data The two lines represent the 20 bit audio word for both channels e LSB on the left side least significant bit e MSB on the right side most significant bit The right bits always have to be active In case some of the left bits are constantly O the resolution of the audio signal is obviously less than the maximum of 24 bits including the aux bits The number
29. lly by pressing the enter key with the cursor on the ARM field Consequently the DL1 records every incoming signal with a higher frequency than the previous sample 45 Measurement Functions e The sweep recording will be stopped when as soon as an input signal with a lower frequency occurs or manually by the enter key pressed again cursor on the flashing REC field e Inorder to analyze the sampled curve more detailed activate the arrow mode by placing the cursor to the corresponding symbol Press the enter key and move the arrow to the sample s of interest by using the left right keys e To zoom in out the Y axis move the cursor to the zoom mode field press enter and use the left right keys e To scroll through the Y axis move the cursor to the zoom mode field press enter and use the up down keys The last recorded sweep curve will be stored internally even after leaving the sweep mode or switching off the Digilyzer As soon as the frequency sweep mode is re entered the curve will re appear on the graph until a new frequency sweep is started NOTE The auto power off is disabled during a frequency sweep recording Test signal The sweep measurement can be carried out by using the sweep signal produced by the Minirator or other external sweeps with the following pre conditions e Signal type Stepped sweep e Step time min 1 second step e Frequency step min 1 increase e Max number of steps 160 e Start freq
30. nctions Scope The scope shows the waveform of the input signal It measures the e dominating fundamental frequency e momentary peak level and adjusts the X and Y axis scaling automatically SCOPE TosL AT af Y Axis ah L a i scale H Actual level peak OSOSHFLS OIN 122 9 Hz Fundamental X Axis scale frequency Fig 5 60 Scope screen Y Axis scale Automatic scaling from 25 div to 0 1ppm div allowing to see the LSB of a 24 bit signal Actual level peak Since it is sometimes difficult to get a feeling for values of e g 0 6 ppm the actual peak level of the data shown on the screen is displayed in dBF X Axis scale Automatic scaling from 1 to 500 samples per division Pause The scope display may be paused by selecting this field with the cursor and pressing the enter key Fundamental frequency The input signals that fundamental or most dominant frequency are displayed NOTE The scaling of the SCOPE display cannot be changed manually 49 Troubleshooting 6 TROUBLESHOOTING In case the Digilyzer is malfunctioning the software may be reset to factory set up as described below System Break Down e Switch off the device e Reset the Digilyzer to the default status by pressing the ESC button and switching on the Digilyzer simultaneously e Release the ESC button e The below screenshot will appear on the display stating on the bottom line LOADING DEFAULT SETUP e Verify the correct
31. nt functions BIT STAT VU PPM LEVEL and THD N the essentials of the channel status information are displayed continuously LEWEL S F D A ESETA 41999 18 Hz 0 u d Upp im FRE EHFH 8 63d0BF 5 03dBF FRO MODE STREG ETT Format Sampling Resolution Channel frequency word length information Fig 4 14 Quick status information The consistency check is constantly running as a background task It highlights any parameter showing inconsistency within the physical parameter For example as shown in the above figure the resolution claims to be a 24 bit but in reality it is lower 26 Measurement Functions 5 MEASUREMENT FUNCTIONS Channel Status Digital audio signals formats AES3 and S PDIF have additional information called channel status encoded in the signal bit stream The Digilyzer directly translates the contents of the status bits and displays the results on the channel status screen thus enabling the user to directly read the meanings The proper interpretation of the status bits is carried out automatically by the Digilyzer The first bit of the channel status indicates whether the status bits are configured in professional or consumer format The professional format has various additional information encoded in the channel status whereby in the consumer format the copy protection is the major concern ADAT signals do not carry any status information so the display will indicate CHANNEL STATUS NO
32. of arrows from right to left may be counted to find the actual word length or binary resolution Application hints e Any digital input signal causes that some of the MSB s are active The Digilyzer counts the number of active bits and displays the result as actual word length e Sometimes bits of the input signal are stucked on O or 1 In such a case a device in the signal chain is defective e g a receiver or a transmitter 34 Measurement Functions Logger The event logger records any irregularity ofthe digital signals Besides the common expectations events such as change of sampling frequency word length consistency check results and many more are covered What is an event Events are changes or irregularities of the input signal They are acquired for the two channels separately wherever reasonable and are split into the following categories e Carrier based events e Frame based events e Audio signal based events e Channel status based events e Consistency check based events Basics of logging Whilst a log is running the Digilyzer acquires all events details are listed in the Appendix The Digilyzer bundles all events which are occurred within the recording interval It generates a new record when a recording interval has finished The recording interval can be adjusted at the start of a new log Basic setting of logger data LOGHEK JAES3JAX EJSETIATA Record G HASH J61 st il fiel
33. onnector use the attached Chinch BNC adapter e Insert a jack into the headphone output to switch of the analog monitoring with the internal speaker e g during a live act Rubber Cushions The original packaging of the Digilyzer includes a pair of rubber cushions These may be adhered on the rear side of the device so the output signal is made audible in good quality also whilst the Digilyzer lays e g on a table with the speaker on the bottom side Chinch BNC Adapter The Chinch BNC Adapter enables the measurement of the AES3id 75 Ohm standard with the Digilyzer AES3id is especially required for the transmission of digital signals over longer cables with a cable length gt 100 m 13 Overview Battery Replacement Insert three pieces of 1 5 V alkaline batteries type AA LR6 AM3 into the Digilyzer battery compartment as shown below Rubber cushion Speaker 1 Press 1 Press C Pull Fig 2 10 Open battery compartment Fig 2 11 Inserted batteries NOTE e The use of rechargeable NiCd or NiMH batteries causes shorter battery lifetime than specified e Do not insert batteries of different types e Note the correct polarities of the inserted batteries e Remove the batteries as soon as they are flat 14 First Steps 3 FIRST STEPS This chapter is a quick guide explaining how to make the first measurements with the Digilyzer The example assumes an S PDIF signal as input e g a CD play
34. operation Software Serial number ArITIOOORORO release LOADING DEFAULT SETUP number Fig 6 01 Start up screen loading default setup In case you find system breakdowns happening several times or your device is malfunctioning please note serial number and software release number and contact the local NTi Audio representative in your country For contact details see the NTi Audio web page www nti audio com Monitoring In two channel measurement functions e g Level peak the monitoring signal of channel A and B are mixed together stereo In case one of the channels is muted the stereo monitoring signal has a reduced level 50 Accessories 7 ACCESSORIES MiniLINK MiniLINK allows documentation and data acquisition of all DL1 functions in conjunction with the easy to use MiniLINK PC software MiniLINK is an upgradeable kit for all existing and new Digilyzers It consists of a small plug in USB interface board that can be easily installed without any tools MiniLINK allows e Storing measurement results and screenshots into the DL1 flash memory e Logging on line measurement results onto the PC Mains Power Adapter The Digilyzer can be powered by batteries or by an external power This power adapter is ideally suited for external power supply Applicable for european connector types only Fig 7 01 MiniLINK Fig 7 02 Mains power adapter Cable length 2 meter 51 Accessories Pouch T
35. plication hint To measure the peak level during a period of time use the VU PPM function and monitor the numerical peak hold values 42 Measurement Functions Level RMS The analog Level RMS function measures the RMS level ofthe digital input signal Since the Digilyzer has no information about the reference voltage such as the e value to digitize the analog signal e value to convert the digital signal into the analog domain The RMS values are displayed as relative numbers compared to a sine wave signal with 0 dBF peak value LEWEL SEL ESE 41999 18 Hz ul 4 5 Upp CI and unit 16 1dBr 1 122 kHz Filter Display mode LINEAR FRO MB OEH2 TREO En Audio frequency Fig 5 42 Level RMS Result and unit The RMS level of the individual selected channel can be displayed in three different units e dBr decibel relative e percent of full scale e x1 number In case the measured RMS value is smaller than 100 dBr the Digilyzer displays lt 100 dBr Filter The audio signal decoded from the digital audio stream can alternativelly be filtered with the following filters prior to the RMS or THD N calculations e HP400 highpass 400 has a good rejection in the area of main frequencies so hum problems may be easily examined and localized The HP400 is also used to measure quantization noise e 22 22k bandpass 22 22k is used to define the commonly used measurement bandwidth from 22Hz to 22kHz
36. requency 0 see byte 4 bit 3 6 FS 48 0kHz FS 44 1kHz FS 32 0kHz 0 3 Channel mode 0000 0001 0010 0011 0100 0101 0110 0111 1000 1001 1010 CHNL NO ID TWO CHANNL SINGLE CHN PRM SEC CH STEREO CHN CH MOD RES CH MOD RES 1CH FS 2 M 1CH FS 2 L 1CH FS 2 R CH MOD RES 58 48 0kHz 44 1kHz 32 0kHz Linear PCM samples No lin PCM samples Emphasis no ID Reserved Reserved Reserved No emphasis Reserved 50 15 us emphasis CCITT emphasis Locked condition not indicated Mode not indicated Two channel mode Single channel mode Primarv sec mode Stereophonic mode Reserved Reserved 1C2f mode 1C2f stereo left 1C2f stereo right Reserved Appendix Byte Bit Bit info Digilyzer Explanation Channel status Quick view 4 7 0 2 1011 1100 1101 1110 1111 CH MOD RES CH MOD RES CH MOD RES CH MOD RES see byte 3 Userbits management Use of auxiliary sample bits others UDAT NO ID UDAT 192 B UDAT AES18 UDAT USRDF UDAT 60958 UDAT RSRVD AUX NO DEF AUX 24BIT AUX TLKBCK AUX USRDEF AUX RESRVD 3 5 Audio sample word length WLEN NO ID WLEN 23BIT WLEN 22BIT WLEN 21BIT WLEN 20BIT WLEN 24BIT WLEN RSRVD WLEN RSRVD WLEN NO ID WLEN 19BIT WLEN 18BIT WLEN 17BIT WLEN 16BIT WLEN 20BIT Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved No user information 192 bit block structure AES18 standard User defined Conforms to IEC Reserved Use not defined Use for main audio Use for tal
37. s The Digilyzer offers advanced analysis functions expected only in much larger and more expensive systems We are convinced you will enjoy using it NTi Audio products are manufactured in compliance with the highest quality standards and marked with the CE sign CE Declaration of Conformity We the manufacturer NTi Audio AG Im alten Riet 102 9494 Schaan Liechtenstein Europe hereby declare that the product Digilyzer DL1 released in 2001 conforms to the following standards or other normative documents EMC Directives 89 336 92 31 93 68 Harmonized Standards EN 61326 1 This declaration becomes void in case of any changes on the product without written authorization by NTi Audio Date 01 11 2001 Signature Et l Heck Position of signatory Technical Director CE Introduction Registration Register as a customer with NTi Audio and benefit from the following possibilities Keep your products up to date Access free firmware and software updates Activate options Enable additional functions for your products Access premium content Access downloads information and specific support for your products Receive application and product news Sign in for the NTi Audio Newsletter Get fast worldwide support Register your products for fast support Confirm your ownership Allows us to contact you with important product notifications and provides a product record in case of loss or theft How to Register
38. s not equal to the channel status of channel B Other bits than those mentioned in this table changed in the channel status Consistency check based events The sampling frequency indicated in the channel status is not equal to the measured sampling frequency The world length indicated in the channel status is not equal to the measured word length The measured accuracy of the sampling frequency is worse than the accuracy indicated in the channel status consumer mode only In the professional format the 1C2f mode should be signalized when used This event occurs if the pro channel status signalizes a 1C2f mode but the Digilyzer is not set to 1C2f mode or vice versa 57 remark n a ADAT 10 rec s n a ADAT 10 rec s n a ADAT 10 rec s n a ADAT 1 rec s n a ADAT 1 rec s n a ADAT 1 rec s n a ADAT 1 rec s Appendix Professional Format Coding Overview of codings and abbrevations used for the professional channel status display MSB left Byte Bit Bit info Digilyzer Channel status Quick view Explanation Use of channel status 0 CONSUMER 1 PROFESSNAL CON PRO Consumer format Professional format Data coding 0 1 LINEAR PCM NO LIN PCM 2 4 Audio signal emphasis 111 EMPH NO ID RES EMPHAS RES EMPHAS RES EMPHAS NO EMPHAS RES EMPHAS 50 15uS EM CCITT EMPH Locking of source sample frequency 0 1 LOCK NO ID UNLOCKED 6 7 Sampling f
39. s value and pressing the return key Over indicator Clipping indication the number of full scale values causing this clipping indication may be adjusted in the SET menu PPM OVER THRESH VU PPM Indication Digilyzer features e VU volume units indicated as the thick bar displays the average volume level of the audio signal e PPM peak program meter indicated as the center bar displays the peak level of the audio signal 39 Measurement Functions Application hint Broadcast levels are limited to a maximum output peak level This is in order to not to overload the transmission lines and to avoid unpleasant and audible distortions During tuning through the radio stations it is clearly noticeable that some channels are much louder than others purposely to increase awareness This is accomplished by using compressors and other dynamic signal processing devices The intention is to make the material as loud as possible without exceeding the maximum peak level Simply feed the digital audio signal into the Digilyzer and it displays for both channels the peak and VU levels The closer the VU level is to the PPM level the higher is the compression of the audio material 40 Measurement Functions Level Measurement The Level menu features three different measurement selections to choose from e Level peak e Level RMS e Level sweep ei JAKEL STI i E FHAS Rts erlTEREO CH ae suoHT fil ID ero ao uRH2 MALA 2YELT
40. t format 1C2f and the input channel menu will indicate A i B or eg 1 i 2 for ADAT This indicates that channel A and B are used in an interleaved manner 1C2f mode A and B are interleaved EH STAT SPP 41999 70 EM 4 3 Upp Cel ADAT s LINEAR ron En cAi eLock fa ID A DATI ji ID mFS UH MEHZ AUS 2HEIT eFS 1 000 HLEN 24EIT Fig 8 01 1C2f selection The Digilyzer is specified for samples rates up to 96 kHz so for a 1C2f signal the resulting sample frequency shall not exceed this value 53 NOTE Appendix The second channel e g B is invalid in the 1C2f mode This is indicated in the measurement functions like LEVEL PEAK as or with a very small value The 1C2f format is displayed as part ofthe channel status menu in the professional format At many applications this information is not configured in the channel status details of the digital audio signal The 1C2f mode is part ofthe consistency check In case the channel status indicates 1C2f mode and 1C2f mode is not selected in the format menu or vice versa the consistency error window is displayed 1C2f mode is defined for AES3 professional mode only The Digilyzer supports the 1C2f mode also in the consumer and ADAT format No monitoring is available for ADAT signals FAST ACCESS SETUF nd HONITOR In ADAT iter HODE G mummum CONTRAST Fig 8 02 1C2f with ADAT format The DL1 allows you to switch to 1C2
41. te is shown as two digits in hex code The status information contains 24 bytes These are displayed within three rows and eight columns The individual row and column numbers shall be added together to read the information containing in the corresponding byte number e g row number column number byte number 0 4 4 8 6 14 10 hex 2 18 Application hint There are many undefined and reserved bit combinations in the channels status The HEX view offers the possibility to further examine the reserved states if necessary 29 Measurement Functions Consumer Format Status Page number memory CH STAT EAE 41999 18 Hz 0 4 Ure CI il aree sTo Format m COfiSLUHEF u CHANDEL Channel mode Data coding s LINEAR FECH na E FHAS signal emphasis Sampling frequ e a FS MB OEHZ e SOURCE Source number Clock accuracy BALE LULI m CHANNEL Channel number SOFFH HLEM fie ID Word length Fig 5 04 Channel status consumer page 1 Page number CH STAT TOSLICH A SET HEH 43999 23 Hz OFTICL CI IB ager STA Category code m CD AUDIO SIGNAL IECEO OH COHFATIELE GEM GEIGIMAL HATERIAL Copy protection ra COPYRIGHT IS ASSERTED Original fs kIufinL FS fo ID Fig 5 05 Channel status consumer page 2 On page two are the fairly complex category tables providing simple device statements such as e g LASER OPTICAL PROD or MINI DISC SYSTEM interpreted into words and letters for easy re
42. the normative documents IEC 60958 3 and AES3 A summary is given in the appendix 31 Measurement Functions Channel Status Comparison Both channels of an AES3 or S PDIF signal have their individual channel status information In 99 of all applications the content is identical In case of any difference the small square indicators in front of each label would turn into triangles and constantly toggle Channel A selected CH STAT EDAN 41999 1H HZ 4 5 Upp i reL STA BFROFESSHAL efi EHFHAS s LINEARE FCH STEREO CHM BLOCK fi Ib MUDAT fil ID Different status BFS 48 0kH2 AUR SHEIT information of BFS 1 000 mHLEM 4EIT channelAand B Fig 5 07 Channel status comparison Channel Status Memory The current channel status information may be stored and recalled Recall memory Store actual status Fig 5 08 Channel status memory field Select STO with the cursor and press enter to store the actual status information If any bit in the status is now altered compared to the currently stored status the square flag on the left side of RCL will turn into the toggling triangle indicating discrepancies By selecting and holding RCL the memorized status information may be recalled for a quick check of the status difference The status memory remains also valid after switching off the device 32 Measurement Functions Bit Statistic The bit statistic function visualizes the state of all bits in the digita
43. ties within ten seconds 24 Basic Operation Following errors are analyzed visualized in the error indicator box e Lock unlock e Validity bit e Confidence bit the received data eye pattern opening is less than half of a bit period indicating a poor link not meeting specs e Bi phase mark coding error e Parity error e Carrier level below specification for AES3 and S PDIF input NOTE The lock unlock state is the only available error in the ADAT format PPM Meter Many measurement functions include a PPM meter displaying the measured level peak in bargraph form The scaling details are F E SET Signal clipping indication Channel B N 60 dBF 10 dBF 3 dBF 0 dBF Channel A Fig 4 12 Bargraph markings NOTE e For signal levels lower than 60 dBF the vertical line marked above with 60 dBF remains displayed and changes for muted signals to three dots e The number of full scale values causing clipping indication can be set in the SETUP menu PPM OVER THRESH By default it is set to three samples 25 Basic Operation Emphasis The Digilyzer does not de emphase any pre emphased signals In case the incoming signal is marked as pre emphased in the channel status the Digilyzer indicates this with PRE EMPH displayed below the PPM meter at all measurement functions with display space available B SET s Fig 4 13 Emphasis Indication Quick Status Information In the measureme
44. uency 20 Hz 46 Measurement Functions THD N The THD N function Total Harmonic Distortion Noise calculates the deviation of the input signal from an ideal sine wave This measurement is most important to check and qualify analog digital converters LL ES CH AlsET 44 1 91 ppm er THD N 4 2 Upp C result Full scale indication 9989kH2 3 00 dEr Filter sMILIMEAF MRH FRO didijiz acchi BMETT Display mode Fundamental Level RMS frequency Fig 5 50 THD N screen The Digilyzer is able to calculate THD N values down to 100dB 0 001 For better THD N values lt 100 dB lt 0 001 are displayed THD N results of the selected channel may be displayed in dB or Full scale indication appears whenever one sample reaches full scale This indication is independent of the clipping of the PPM meter Filter The audio signal decoded from the digital audio stream can be filtered with the following filters prior to the RMS or THD N calculations e HP400 highpass 400 has a good rejection in the area of main frequencies so hum problems may easily be examined and localized The HP400 is also used to measure quantization noise e 22 22k bandpass 22 22k is used to define the commonly used measurement bandwidth from 22Hz to 22kHz 47 Measurement Functions Display mode Giving a better readability the display mode determines the rapidity of following up the input signal changes The available modes
45. unctions the Digilyzer answers all these questions at the same time For easy readout several screen elements are available on most functions BUR ES A A ESET Carrier 41999 18 Hz PPM meter information 4 5 Upp CI i Emphasis 16 idBF ib idBF FRO MB OEHZ STREO DUEIT Quick status information Fig 4 10 Screen elements 23 Basic Operation Carrier Information LEVEL _ EB LI 1 g g b L 1 B H 1 Carrier frequency U 2 d T B B IMWI Error indicator box Carrier level Fig 4 11 Carrier information Carrier frequency displavs the measured frequency in e Hz e ppm deviation to the next standard frequency Carrier level indicates the measured carrier level in Vpp Levels higher than 5 0 Vpp are indicated as gt 5 Vpp Application hint The carrier level is a robust first approximation of signal quality With decent short interconnection cables the carrier level e of anAES3 signal is in the range of 2 to 7 Vpp e of a S PDIF signal is in the range of 200 to 700 mVpp With impedance problems involved or with long cables the AES3 signal level may drop to levels below these values so the reliability gets worse Error indicator box The Digilyzer checks the digital signal its protocol and recognizes a number of errors These errors can cause many audible effects which should ideally never occur An error is immediately indicated by the Digilyzer by filling the error indicator box black Afterwards the box emp
46. used for the consumer channel status display MSB left Byte Bit Bit info Digilyzer Explanation Channel status Quick view Use of channel status 0 CONSUMER CON Consumer format 1 PROFESSNAL PRO Professional format Data coding 0 LINEAR PCM Linear PCM samples 1 NO LIN PCM No lin PCM samples Copyright 0 COPYRIGHT ASSERTED 1 NO COPYRIGHT ASSERTED Emphasis 000 2 CHANNEL Emphasis not NO EMPHAS indicated 100 2 CHANNEL 50 15 ms emphasis 50 15uS EM others RES FMTINF Category code Includes information about the equipment type e g MINI DISK SYSTEM MD PLAYER RECORDER Source number 0000 SOURCE others SOURCE number 1 15 Channel number 0000 CHANNEL others CHANNEL letter A O Sampling frequency 0010 FS 22050Hz 22050Hz 0000 FS 44 1kHz 44 1kHz 0001 FS 88 2kHz 88 2kHz 0011 FS 176400 176400 61 Appendix Byte Bit Bit info Digilyzer Explanation Channel status Quick view FS 24 0kHz FS 48 0kHz FS 96 0kHz FS 192kHz FS 32 0kHz FS NO ID others FS RSRVD 3 4 5 Clock accuracy 00 ACC LVL2 1000PPM 01 ACC LVL3 VARIPITCH 10 ACC LVL1 50PPM ACC RSRVD 4 1 3 Word length WLEN NO ID WLEN 23BIT WLEN 22BIT WLEN 21BIT WLEN 20BIT WLEN 24BIT WLEN RSRVD WLEN RSRVD WLEN NO ID WLEN 19BIT WLEN 18BIT WLEN 17BIT WLEN 16BIT WLEN 20BIT WLEN RSRVD WLEN RSRVD 4 4 7 Original sampling frequency 24 0kHz 48 0kHz 96 0kHz 192 0kHz 32 0kHz FS NOID FS RESERVD applicable if bvte 4
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