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User`s Manual for PowerSight PS4000

1. For instance if the average current of the C Phase is desired press Current to display la Current to display Ib Current to display Ic More to display maximum Ic More to display minimum Ic and then More to display average Ic Note that if PowerSight is not monitoring consumption the maximum minimum and average values are the results from the last monitoring session Note that when PowerSight is in 2 current mode Ib is not measured or displayed When measuring DC current the RMS value is the same as the DC value To set PowerSight for reading DC currents refer to the section on Setting Measurement Modes Remember that you need to have a DC current probe in order to read DC current Information about the largest swell the lowest dip the largest absolute transient and the largest relative transient for both voltage and for current can be viewed on PowerSight Just press 52 the Spikes key repeatedly until the summary for the type of measurement appears such as Current Swells The summary tells how many events have occurred and what the trigger level is Pressing the More key repeatedly will tell the important information about the worst of that type of event the magnitude duration and timestamp The total harmonic distortion THD of currents is displayed using the THD function discussed later in this chapter Current Measurements in PSM The consumption data log
2. If you wish to trigger on one or more voltages check in the Voltage to trigger on section to make sure that the voltage signals you wish to trigger on are checked Clicking on the box in front of the signal name results in a checkmark being displayed in the box indicating that the triggers apply to that signal Clicking on a box that already has a checkmark in it erases the checkmark indicating that the triggers do not apply t that signal Similarly if you wish to trigger on one or more currents check the Current to trigger on section and make sure that the current signals you wish to trigger on are checked 127 Next in the Trigger Thresholds section enter the absolute and relative transient levels you wish to trigger on Care must be taken in choosing this level A perfect sine wave has a peak instantaneous value of its RMS level times the square root of two For instance the normal peak instantaneous voltage of a 120Vrms circuit is 120x1 414 170V This means that a perfect 120Vrms sine wave will reach 170V and 170V once during each cycle A sine wave that is less than perfect can be quite higher if the crest factor is higher For this reason we have included a helpful aide in determining the absolute threshold for a given circuit Click on the icon to the right of the box in which you enter the absolute trigger threshold The Calculation of Instantaneous dialogue box will open Enter the larges
3. screen will now appear In the Data Types to View section make sure that the data type that you wish to view has a checkmark in front of it If Transient Waveforms has a checkmark in front LT Transinct Wawvaloeme mes of it a list of available waveforms will appear at the lower left You must click on the one that you wish to view Each entry lists its name the timestamp the signal type the magnitude and the duration of the event If the Transient Event Log has a checkmark in front of it a list of available logs will appear at the lower right You must click on the one that you wish to view Each entry lists its name 130 To understand the various presentations of the data refer to the Swell Dip Event Log Swell Dip RMS Graph Log and Swell Dip Waveforms sections 131 Allocating Memory within PowerSight Allocation of memory in the PS4000 is very flexible If one type of measurement or area of analysis is of no interest its storage can be eliminated If you wish to monitor for very long periods of time you may wish to shift storage from file types that take much data such as waveforms toward file types that take little data space such as event logs To check or change niau mem ory allocatio n in Monitoring Activities j z og of Consumption 1000 J EJ Records 2 083 days PowerSight click on Data Detail Ca Setup at the main menu Vv mesa Wavesets 2 Wavesets 14 wavefor
4. HA500 discontinued Yes not compatible use 120ADP a Yes Yes not compatible use new version Yes Yes Yes for Euro 220V standard not compatible not compatible Yes for US 120V standard Yes not compatible use new version Yes not compatible Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes not compatible use FX3000a Yes not compatible Yes Yes all units Yes Yes not compatible 165 Accessories cont d PS4000 HA GFD LDC discontinued LDC2 LDC3 LDC4 SafeConnect SCAS soft operating case SCAS2 soft accessory case SCAS3 soft all in one Yes not compatible not compatible not compatible Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes 166 Specifications Size 3 97 10 1cm Wide x 7 75 19 6cm Long x 1 77 4 5cm Weight 1 pound 0 5 kg Operating Range 0 50 degrees C 32 122 degrees F Relative humidity to 70 non condensing Environmental Protection IP40 IP44 with CAS W option per IEC 529 Power Requirement 12 VDC 500 ma wall mount power supply included Internal Li ion operates up to 8 hours after 4 hours charge Voltage Input Range 1 600 Vrms steady state direct input 600 5 000 Vrms with 5KVP probes 600 15 000 Vrms with 15KVP probes Display Range 1 6 megavolts using input ratios Accuracy 0 1 of reading over input range 0 3 Vrms Measurement Rate Measures every cycle of every input Frequency Response No de rating of accuracy for
5. button provides an Sosa interactive tool for E reallocating memory TE For each data type Consumption Log Records M Memory that has been enabled 2 x Das 2 z Hous o zimMns W20 there is a box for Consumption Wavesets 2 7 1 changing the number Swel Dip Log Records 500 gt pos of records or Swell DipRMS Graph 100 4 waveforms to be face A O allocated to it anda Transient Log Records 500 oz horizontal bar chart Daca EO neea showing how much of anejo E T memory is required to support that BeN requirement This tool allows you to see where your memory is being used so you can quickly decide where to cut back in order to make space for a data type that needs more memory allocated The bar at the top right of the screen shows how much memory is unallocated It must be zero or a positive number before you can accept the new allocation You must budget the memory among the activities to best meet your needs Another helpful feature of this screen is that it lets you enter how long you need to monitor directly and it automatically allocates the exact number of records to do that When all this fine tuning is completed you can click on OK and the selections are moved into the Data Setup Menu Note that it is usually good practice to allow for at least 1 consumption waveset This is because PowerSight will automatically record all signals into waveset1 when monitoring begins Itis often helpful to have a record of
6. column from the data in the Before column The values of this column use the same units as the Before and After columns such as 20 Ton Alr Handler Before Upgrade After Upgrade ile C xxtS4MPLE 1 LOG File C xx SAMPLE1 LOG est began at 9 23 02 10 17 00 Test began at 9 24 02 13 55 00 est ended at 9 23 02 22 15 00 Test ended at 9 25 02 1 55 00 ore After Units oltage A Phase Ave E 269 0 volts oltage B Phase Ave j 272 2 volts oltage C Phase Ave 269 5 volts urrent A Phase Ave 3 14 9 amps urrent B Phase Ave J 14 4 amps urrent C Phase Ave 14 9 amps otal True Power J 10141 2 Watts otal VA Power J 11957 5 VA Power Factor A Phase Ave i 0 84 Power Factor B Phase Ave 0 84 Power Factor C Phase Ave 0 86 nergy Total Elapsed 121 691 7407 9 se 2 f 3 bhbbhobhbont gt s gt amp a at at ok ak ak oraz D 2 6 08 389 42 370 40 Ken Douglas Miles Engineering Twin Falls 1676 140th Ave Twin Falls ID 925 944 1212 sales biw com volts At the far right is the Change column This presents what percent the before data has changed in going from before to after A negative number represents a decrease Therefore the example shows an estimated cost savings of 4 9 which represents a project savings of 19 02 per month for this one system Following the main body of the report is the information about how to contact the preparer of the r
7. The red charging indicator near the jack will light up if everything is operating and connected properly Note If a fuse is burned out or missing it will appear that there is no voltage at the source Verify that the fuses are working properly before assuming that the source is dead Injury may occur if you wrongly assume that the source is deactivated Measuring Multiple Parallel Conductors A common problem with measuring large currents arises when the current of each phase is carried by several parallel conductors For instance the A phase current may be carried in 4 parallel Tse ee Cenaue os conductors as are the B and C ee ees phases resulting in 12 A nae conductors to measure In this la Probe case the work around is to clamp B Phase 4 Conductors onto just one of the conductors of lt lt each phase and enter an input OO ratio to record the correct total eee os current of each phase A fast way IB Probe of doing this is to enter an input ratio of 4 1 for each phase in the example of 4 parallel conductors This may offer adequate accuracy Rr for your needs However IC Probe experience shows that although the current in each conductor of the same phase is similar in size they are typically NOT identical C Phase 4 Conductors Overcoming the problem of unequal currents in parallel cables takes a few steps to do it accurately 29 Put a different probe on each cond
8. measured in amps and multiply them together you get the apparent power measured in VA rms 54 True power is more complicated It is defined as the average of the sum of the products of the instantaneous currents and their associated instantaneous voltages over one or more cycles xi xi v xi Prig Watts DIL S Xb Di Ven Xh N N N True power equals apparent power when there is no phase lag in the load and no harmonics are present otherwise it is less than the apparent power This is why an ammeter cannot be used to accurately measure true power in most industrial circuits Reactive power is the square root of the difference between the squares of the apparent power and the true power P VAR P P e app true When the fundamental voltages and currents are in phase and no harmonic currents are present reactive power is zero Peak demand of the demand period is an important measurement that is covered in the Demand Period Measurements section Power Measurements in PowerSight PowerSight performs all commonly desired power measurements Total true power watts or KW total reactive power VAR or KVAR and total apparent power VA or KVA measurements are available by simply pressing Power repeatedly The sequence of the display is KW gt KVAR gt KVA If energy consumption is being monitored the maximum minimum and average power is displayed by repeatedly pressing More after displaying the approp
9. readings will be scaled correctly and be more accurate Finally in measuring high voltages if you use a high voltage probe enter the ratio of the probe for instance 100 1 and record the actual voltage being measured Using these techniques you can measure anything with PowerSight The measurement range extends from 1 milliamp to more than 4 million amps 1 volt to more than 4 000 kilovolts 1 watt to more than 40 megawatts Note When PowerSight is turned off its input ratio settings are not returned to 1 1 You must take care that they are what you wish 90 Changing Input Ratios in PowerSight If you wish to set or change the input ratios in PowerSight press the Calibra key once The display will say Set Input Ratio Press Yes Accept If you are setting a current input ratio press Yes Accept If you are setting a voltage input ratio press No Reject and then Yes Accept The display now alternately states Enter Ratio and Source Input Using the number pad of PowerSight enter the first number of the ratio Basically enter a number that represents how many times larger the source that is being measured indirectly is than the input to PowerSight Press Yes Accept then enter 1 and press Yes Accept For instance if entering a ratio for a CT with an output ratio of 600 5 this could be entered as 120 and then 1 or as 600 and then 5 The ratio is the same in both
10. the true power factor is also listed If trending data is being recorded and PowerSight is operating in phase phase voltage measurement mode the average total true power factor for each second will be displayed and recorded each second Phase lag angle is most easily determined by viewing a waveform and then clicking on the phasor diagram icon The phase lags of each phase will be listed on the right as well as the phase angle between the A phase voltage and all other signals The measurements of true power factor displacement power factor and phase lag angle presented on the PS4000 can also be displayed in PSM by using the remote control feature In addition our Report Generator software will present maximum minimum and average true power factor of each phase and of the total power factor during any one or two intervals of time set by the user If two time intervals are chosen it will report the percent change and the actual change between the two intervals For instance if a comparison report is chosen and TPFa is 0 48 during the first interval and 0 48 during the second interval then the report would show Betore atter Units Before Change Change A il on ae Avg 0 48 0 48 volts 0 00 0 0 63 Energy Measurements The energy consumed is defined as the sum of the true power over time E fe xt If measurements are taken every second in units of watts then the KWH consumed during that second is E W 1
11. the utility will look for the demand period with the greatest demand over a period of time such as a month and call this the peak demand period The demand of that period is the peak demand The utility may then present a surcharge on the user s bill based on the peak demand For this reason power users have an incentive to determine Peak demand Peak demand period 68 Demand Period Measurements in PowerSight During monitoring of energy consumption the peak demand period is constantly updated The logging interval is used as the demand period so if the logging period is set to 15 minutes the demand periods will also be 15 minute periods Thus if a meter whose logging interval is set for 15 minutes starts monitoring at 7 00 A M it will update the demand period at 7 15 7 30 7 45 8 00 and so on If the most power was consumed between 7 45 and 8 00 then the demand period will be displayed as 7 45 Note that even if the power peaked briefly at 7 29 the demand period would still be reported as 7 45 since more energy was consumed over that 15 minute period To see what the demand was during the peak demand period press Demand to see the time and date of the peak demand period and then More to see the amount of energy consumed during that period Demand Period Measurements in PSM There are two methods for obtaining Demand period measurements in PSM The first is to monitor using 15 minute logging i
12. types of situations When PowerSight is shipped from the factory it is set for Always Positive Power measurement mode In a typical setup if you connect a current probe backwards the power for that phase will appear to be negative In Always Positive Power measurement mode PowerSight senses this and automatically turns the current probe backwards in software so that all phases measure positive power This automatic correction is an assistance for our 87 customers allowing them to concentrate on readings rather than connections under most circumstances Accuracy may be slightly better when the probe is oriented correctly but for most measurements this added accuracy is of no significance with PowerSight If current and power readings of the highest accuracy are necessary use the Checkout Connections feature that is discussed earlier in this manual or view the waveforms in order to ensure that current probes are connected correctly If you need to monitor equipment that alternately consumes and generates power you need to select the Negative Power Allowed measurement mode In this mode positive and negative power readings for each phase are accepted and are combined to find the net power usage Depending on the result positive or negative power energy and cost results may be displayed When negative power measurements are allowed it is necessary to have all current probes connected properly Use the Checkout Connections feature or
13. until you change it It will not be changed by turning PowerSight off Changing the Voltage Measurement Mode in PSM To determine the voltage measurement mode using PSM connect PowerSight to PSM and then either go to the Setup Data menu and read what appears in the Voltage Mode box or operate in Remote Control mode and press the key combinations described above To change the voltage measurement mode using PSM either go to the Data Setup menu click on the Voltage Mode drop down box select the mode that you wish to operate in and then send the new setup to the connected PowerSight meter or operate in Remote Control mode and press the key Voltage Mode Phase Neutral combinations Phase Neutral Phase Ph described above Vab Veb Onk 84 50 60 400Hz vs DC vs Variable Frequency There are 5 frequency measurement modes in the PS4000 Fixed 50 Hz and DC Fixed 60 Hz and DC Fixed 400 Hz and DC Variable Frequency from 22 200 Hz Variable Frequency from 360 440 Hz These modes allow making measurements on virtually any power system in the world When making measurements on a power source whose frequency is stable as are most power grids in industrial countries it is recommended that you operate in either Fixed 50 Hz or Fixed 60 Hz mode depending on the frequency present If you are making measurements on a military or avionics system whose 400 Hz is stable it is recommended that you operate in Fixed 400 Hz mode I
14. 201 Ib 201 In 0 00 Note If one of the phases is 0 or extremely high the plug of the current probe may not be pushed all the way into PowerSight When the readings appear to be correct press Yes Accept to move on to the next test 38 Checking Phase Sequence Using Checkout Connections In order to get correct power readings for each phase voltages and currents of the same phase must be combined The phase sequence for voltages was determined in an earlier test Next we need to verify that the currents have the same phase sequence To determine the current phase sequence press Yes Accept when asked Check Phase Sequence The following display is typical The order in which the currents la Ib Ic are listed is the order in which the 120 120 120 peaks of the current arrive Looking at the phase letters the example above shows a phase sequence of A B C which is typical If the displayed sequence is C B A then one or more current probes are either connected to the wrong phase or are connected backwards unless the voltage phase sequence was also C B A If the current phase sequence is correct it does not automatically mean that the current probes are connected correctly The phase angles between them and the phase lag between the voltage and current the next test must also be examined The numbers of the second line are the approximate number of degrees between each phase In a normal three phase system they
15. Current transient The instantaneous current is simply the current passing through a point at an instant of time When the current is graphed over time the graph is called the current waveform The peak current Ipk is the highest instantaneous current over a period of time A measure that changes continuously is of limited use A far more useful measurement is RMS current wherein a single number is generated to describe a continuously varying current The beauty of RMS current is that in power calculations it makes a contribution to power roughly equivalent to a DC current of the same magnitude RMS current is defined as the square root of the mean of the square of the instantaneous current over one Li cycle of the fundamental frequency Jrms wes When measuring DC amps the RMS value is the same as the DC value 50 Current crest factor is the ratio of peak current of a cycle over the RMS current of the same cycle Icf Ipk Irms A perfect sine wave has a crest factor of 1 414 v2 Maximum minimum and average current in power measurements refers to the maximum minimum and average of RMS current measurements during a time of interest For the PS4000 the RMS of every full cycle is measured so these numbers are exact In the PS4000 the present current is the summary of the RMS current over one second Itis the average of the RMS currents of every cycle during the most recent second A current inrush or swell or su
16. Lag Angles The following display is typical The measurement is presented A 60 degrees as the number of degrees that R 60 c 60 current lags voltage for each phase If the current of a phase lags the voltage by 30 degrees the display will show 30 degrees If the current leads voltage by 7 degrees it will be displayed as 7 In a three phase connection if all previous tests had acceptable results but this test reveals that one and only one of the phases has a phase lag of 0 or 180 degrees then the current probes are matched with the wrong voltage phases If all previous tests had acceptable results and none of the phases is 0 or 180 degrees but this test reveals that one or more phases have lag angles of more than 90 degrees then one or more current probes are connected backwards Simply clamp the current probe on backwards for the phase that has a phase angle of greater than 90 degrees The phase lag angle numbers are updated each second When the readings appear to be correct or if you wish to perform all the tests over again press Yes Accept to move back to the first test 40 Checking out Connections using PSM The PowerSight Manager PSM software is included in the cost of your PowerSight meter You can use it to visually determine if the system connections and levels are correct Use PowerSight s Checkout Connections feature for a simple measurement based approach to checking out the connections Checking Volta
17. This depends on your logging period the amount of data being stored and the amount of memory available As you change these values using our PowerSight Manager PSM software it will automatically display how log it will take to fill the log To see this just click on the Data Setup button at the main menu of PSM The Monitoring Activities section is where you can choose what data types and variable types you want PowerSight to record into memory You can also press the Time button 3 times to see the time to fill log displayed on the screen of PowerSight 9 What is a Logging Interval A logging interval is the length of time between PowerSight recording measurements into its internal data log Each second PowerSight summarizes measurements such as voltage and current for all phases and the end of the logging interval these one second summaries are condensed into an average a maximum and a minimum which are then recorded into the log For instance if you set a logging interval of 15 minutes PowerSight will keep track of the average maximum and minimum of all measurement types during each second of the 15 157 minute period and store these summary values into the data log The logging interval can be set from 1 second to 99 minutes The logging interval has a direct effect on the time it takes to fill the log For example if PowerSight has its consumption log capacity set to 1000 records and its logging interval set to 1
18. To receive a consumption data log from PowerSight the PowerSight unit must be PowerSight Mana gt connected to a computer Peseiro running PSM At the main menu of PSM the green er Sec uray Unit Connected Status box Ef ees Psao00 z must be displayed At the A Seup Unit Main Menu you can either eae click on the Receive Data i _ B Serial Number 41356 button or on the Data m SA Fire 32 dropdown button and then lt Wanto EAS Receive Data In either Seal Comt enabled case the Receive Data menu will open and all the different types of data files in the connected PowerSight will be displayed In the Data Types to Receive section make sure that there is a check in the box before the line Consumption Data Next look in the tabular section for the line with the Log data type entry Consumption logs have a To File name ending with log Make sure that the box at the start of the line is checked and then click on Receive and View to transfer the data log to your computer The name of the file is based on the entry in the File Name box For instance if osm is entered in the File Name box the consumption log will be called psm log If you want a different root name change it before receiving the file When the desired file has a checkmark to its left click on the Receive and View button to transfer the data log from 104 PowerSight t
19. average Vbn Note that if 47 PowerSight is not monitoring consumption the maximum minimum and average values are the results from the last monitoring session Please note that when PowerSight is operating in 2 current mode Vca is not calculated or displayed and Vbc is presented as Vcb To set PowerSight for reading phase neutral phase phase or DC voltages refer to the Measurement Modes chapter If a connection is not made to the Vn input PowerSight will find the neutral point between all the phases in doing its phase neutral measurements Information about the largest swell the lowest dip the largest absolute transient and the largest relative transient for both voltage and for current can be viewed on PowerSight Just press the Spikes key repeatedly until the summary for the type of measurement appears such as Voltage Dips The summary tells how many events have occurred and what the trigger level is Pressing the More key repeatedly will tell the important information about the worst of that type of event the magnitude duration and timestamp The total harmonic distortion THD of voltages is displayed using the THD function discussed later in this chapter Voltage Measurements in PSM The consumption data log can record maximum minimum and average RMS voltage for each phase for each logging period The summary values at the top of the screen are the maximum minimum and average of all the values
20. calculate actual energy used and the estimated energy used pr month during any one or two intervals of time set by the user If two time intervals are chosen it will report the percent change and the actual change in energy use between the two intervals For instance if a comparison report is chosen and 5 KWH is consumed during the first interval of 10 minutes and 8 KWH is consumed during the second interval of 20 minutes then the report would show Before After Units Change Change Energy Total Elapsed Energy Estimated per month In this example even though the actual energy increased significantly the actual rate of energy use declined significantly because of the difference in time intervals between the before and after tests Cost Measurements The cost of energy consumed is defined as the product of the energy consumed times the user defined rate KWH x rate PowerSight presently uses a simple single rate price system Useful measurements and estimates of cost are Cost of energy consumed elapsed cost Estimated cost per hour Estimated cost per month Estimated cost per year The cost of energy consumed is the actual cost of energy consumed during a period of time such as since monitoring started or during a specific week For instance if 5 KWH was consumed after 10 minutes of monitoring and the rate is 0 10 KWH then the cost during the monitoring session is 0 50 The PS4000 calcula
21. cases Following this PowerSight will ask if the input ratio applies to a specific signal such as la Press Yes Accept or No Reject as appropriate for each signal it asks about until it displays Entry Accepted Changing Input Ratios in PSM To determine or eee peration Setup change the input ratios wea Period 3 ws as using PSM go to the yao hie aa a z Data Setup menu and Log Stop Mode Don t stop x click on Define input Input Frequency Yariable 20 70Hz 7 ratios and names Voltage Mode PhaseNeutral gt This leads to the Power Mode presentation of the Cds input ine and names D gt Input Configuration summary display For each input to PowerSight there is a line listing the name of the signal the input ratio of the signal and a brief description of the signal If you wish to change any of these Input Configuration parameters double click on the line you wish to change and make the change Be sure to click OK when you are done and save the data setup to a file and or to PowerSight As an example suppose you wish to record the primary of a permanently installed CT while clamped onto the secondary with your la current probe Get to the Input Configuration screen and double click on the la row If the ratio of the CT is Change any parameter 600 5 simply eee Bowes enter 600 in the first column and 5 in the second Description column
22. configuration 14 Connecting to Single phase Power Figure 2 presents the basic Neutral connections to a single phase system Be sure to follow the safety warnings of the previous sections before PowerSight making the connections Clamp your A phase current probe onto the Hot wire Make a metallic connection to neutral with the Vn voltage lead Similarly connect the Va lead Fig 2 Basic Single Phase Connection to Hot Since voltage now comes into PowerSight on Va and current is sensed by la the power and power factor for this single phase system will be available as phase A power and phase A power factor A Caution Until you are certain that your voltage connections to PowerSight are correct disconnect any current probes This is because PowerSight and all of its connections float at the potential of Vn If Vn is hot there may be a breakdown through the insulation of any attached probes Helpful Hint How to Identify the Neutral lead Normal single phase wiring follows the convention of neutral being the white wire hot being the black wire hot2 being the red wire and ground being the green wire If the wiring and your 15 connections to PowerSight are as shown in figure 2 Van will be some relatively large number like 120 volts and Vcn will be a small voltage like 3 volts If you then reverse the ground and neutral leads Van will now read slightly less like 117 volts If hot
23. defined to be the sum of a fundamental frequency equal to the periodic rate and additional frequencies that are multiples of the fundamental frequency Thus any repeating waveform that does not appear to be a pure sine wave can be replicated by adding a collection of sine waves of varying frequencies phases and peak amplitudes Since the frequencies are exact multiples harmonics of the fundamental the waveform could be considered to be distorted from a pure sine wave by the addition of harmonic frequencies The total harmonic distortion provides an accurate measure of how distorted from a pure sine wave a waveform is There are several related measures of interest Fundamental frequency Harmonic frequency Harmonic number Harmonic amplitude Harmonic phase angle THD total harmonic distortion K factor 76 The fundamental frequency is the first harmonic It is discussed in the Frequency Measurements section The harmonic frequencies are the frequencies that are multiples of the fundamental frequency For instance the 7 harmonic of 60 Hz is 7x60 420Az In this case 7 is the harmonic number of 420 Hz in a 60 Hz system The RMS value of a harmonic frequency is its harmonic amplitude They can be expressed as relative to the amplitude of the fundamental frequency or as an actual RMS amp value For instance if the fundamental frequency has a current of 120 amps and the 5 harmonic has an amplitude of 30 amps then the 5
24. display a phasor diagram of the signals by either clicking on the phasor icon or clicking on View and then Phasor Diagram Phasor diagrams present each voltage and current as a vector on a graph A vector BMS Yale combines two measurement 500 0 properties into one object In this case the properties are magnitude and phase lag PowerSiaht Manager SHpMotor wfm PowerSight Manager SHpMotor wfm Fie Edit View Harmonics Help amp 3 e wo ujema ele eA w ool 2 5 Hp Motor 208V pp 60Hz Phasot Diagram Voltages oVab 2077 0 oVbe 206 120 oVea 206 120 Imbalance 0 201 Currents ola 46A 5 olb 45A 111 olc 47A 127 Imbalance 2 303 Vpp I Phase Lag oVab Ia 5 oVbc Ib 9 oVca Ic 7 Normally phase A voltage is considered to be the phase reference signal so its angle is 0 degrees If the phase A current lags it it will be slightly above it In a three phase circuit normally the other two phases will be 120 degrees before and after the A phase and the phase lag of each current relative to its associated voltage will be similar The data graphs on the left of the phasor display show the actual degrees of all voltages and currents in relation to phase A voltage and show the phase angle between the voltage and current of each phase 98 Another convenient analysis feature are the signal selection icons Clicking on these icons allow you to simply cycle
25. harmonic has a magnitude of 30 amps or a relative magnitude of 50 The harmonic phase angle is the number of degrees that it leads the fundamental frequency Comparing the difference in the phase angle between voltage and current of a given harmonic allows you to determine the direction of the harmonic There are two basic types of THD calculations used in power Normally THD normally refers to finding the THD of the harmonics relative to the fundamental frequency THD F THD F is defined as the square root of the sum of the squares of the magnitude of each harmonic of the fundamental frequency divided by the square of the magnitude of the fundamental frequency rap Cath at h For instance if you are monitoring a 60 Hz current that has high distortion H1 the magnitude of the 60 Hz fundamental might be 120 amps H3 the magnitude of the third harmonic 180 Hz might be 60 amps H5 might be 30 amps H7 might be 15 amps and all the other harmonics might have magnitudes of 0 In this case the magnitude of the THD F would be 2 2 2 THD ee 57 120 77 K factor is a derivative of calculating THD where the frequency is given extra weight Each harmonic current amplitude is divided by the total RMS current multiplied by the harmonic number then squared and then summed over the first 50 harmonics Ph I xh K _ factor 2 gt rms This is a valuable measurement to observe when the heating effect of ha
26. hours You may be using the wrong LDC The PS4000 only works with the LDC4 model It can supply up to 500ma 15 How do I measure a large load carried by 2 or more parallel conductors There are two approaches you can use Either use one of our flexible current probes they are 24 inches long and can form a circle of 7 inches or clamp your current probe around one of the conductors and enter input ratios to read and record the correct value See the section on Measuring Multiple Parallel Conductors for details on how to do this 159 Advanced Motor Diagnostics Option Introduction The Advanced Motor Diagnostics Option AMD allows your PS4000 to perform high end on line motor diagnostics Through the use of current signature analysis CSA you can evaluate the health of motors while they are operating in place thereby avoiding costly down time loss of service and time consuming maintenance activities Since the measurements are typically done at the motor control center MCC the evaluations can be done in a centralized safer cleaner and quieter site than where the motor actually is This allows for more efficient and safer evaluation of motors These are the main benefits of the AMD option The AMD option works with all types of motors Induction synchronous DC wound rotor and induction with VFD type motors can be evaluated Diagnoses wide range of motor problems Rotor armature health stator mechanical electr
27. icon will allow you to choose other data files of a similar type to view Reading Graphs and Waveforms Graphs and waveforms have similarities in the ways they are presented in order to quickly understand what is displayed Examples of the various graphs and what the various sections mean follow 1 The name of the file that is being displayed appears in the top border If you want to determine what directory the file is in click on File and then Save As to see the directory location 2 The name of the graph or waveform set appears at the top of the graphical portion of the screen The default name is the name of the file including the directory path You can enter a name of your choice by clicking View and then Labels 3 The name and metric of the vertical axis tells what type of measurement is being displayed and what the unit of measurement is When the graph combines different types of 151 measurements such as when displaying voltage and current there will be a vertical name and metric on the left side and a different one on the right side of the graph The horizontal axis is usually time Logs have e sa j gan et time and date stamps to k 7 help determine when i DA RA EE E events occurred and how long they lasted Other graphs and waveforms have metrics of seconds or milliseconds Displays of triggered graphs or waveforms usually start with a negative number This is an in
28. input Captured Waveforms Quantity Set by user allocation of memory These specifications are subject to change without notice 169
29. just click on the Back button and make your changes When you are done entering the information of this screen click on Next The next screen is the Log Details screen Each measurement type that can be included in the report has its own checkbox They are organized in a matrix that allows ease of locating a specific signal and ease in enabling or disabling entire columns or phases of them Any checkbox with a check in it will appear in the report aaau aaaf VOGUE Litt it tierte CECCCCCE f CCCPV Tee sp Am Mi p F A F F R R F F J J LL LL LL m EE kis LL m ia L 135 The Log Details screen also has a checkbox to direct graphs to be included in the report If this box is checked each variable will have a graph only included The data of the graph will only be during the time period specified in the Datalog Information screen A word of caution here if your computer is under powered or has limited extended memory and you select all of the variable types and checkmark either of the graphics boxes the report program may slow down or even fail The solution would be to either select less variables or remove the checkmark from the graphics box The Log Details screen also has a box for entering a KWH cost rate This will be used in the report for all cost estimates When you are satisfied with the selections click on Next to obtain the report Viewing a Report The repo
30. level algorithms used for measurement Firmware revision level what level of software is active within PowerSight Hardware revision level what level of hardware compatibility it is These identifiers are important in any communications with Summit Technology about your unit SN 41263 DP G OK EWS IL HW 6 10 Viewing the options that are loaded results in a display such as This display indicates that Extended Memory M is active Options HLS4M67 This information may be important Press Yes If OK in communications with Summit Technology Checking the warranty expiration date results in a display such as The date 6 24 07 is the date j that the warranty expires on the Warranty Expires product Contact Summit 6 24 07 00 3 0 Technology to extend the warranty prior to that date since re instating the warranty after that date will cost extra The next number is for the use of Summit Technology personnel The final number is the highest level of PowerSight Manager software that the unit is presently eligible to work with 140 Changing the time and date is useful for identifying the demand period for identifying when monitoring began and is used to label each record of the data log To set the time and date press Yes Accept when asked if you wish to change it Then use lt or gt to position the cursor under a digit that you wish to i i i j change Repeatedly press Yottagee a aa a po Cost I
31. logging session The time remaining to fill the consumption log is how much longer the logging session can continue before the log is filled and logging either stops or begins writing over the oldest data The record capacity of the log is how many records can be recorded before the log fills The default number for consumption logging is 4540 records This number can be changed by changing the variables selected to be recorded in the log using the Data Setup feature of PSM see the Setting Measurement Types section or by allocating more or less memory to consumption logging The number of records used in the log is a display of how many records have been saved since logging began When displayed it will always be accompanied by the record capacity of the log The time and date that monitoring began is the internal clock reading of when monitoring began If the unit is enabled to do logging the first record will be recorded one logging period after this start time The programmed start time of monitoring is a time and date that is programmed in the Data Setup feature of the PSM software see the Starting Data Logging section When the clock inside 74 PowerSight reaches that time and date monitoring begins and the old log is erased The programmed stop time of monitoring is a time and date that is programmed by the Data Setup feature of the PSM software see the Stopping Data Logging section When the clock inside PowerSight
32. of Input Ratio If the ratio also applies to other inputs enter them at this time too Click on OK when done primary secondary Note Once it is entered an input ratio is kept for the specified inputs until you change the ratio again The default ratios for PowerSight are set to 1 1 92 Voltage amp Current Waveforms Introduction Waveforms are very different from logs and other graphs A waveform is the most basic direct measurement It displays the instantaneous levels of voltage and current as they continually vary aS you see on an oscilloscope All other measurements are derived from them Even the RMS measurements of voltage and current are derived from these basic samples Logs on the other hand plot measurements that are derived from the basic sampling They generally have no relation to what is occurring at a specific instant of time So although both waveforms and logs are presented graphically they are not the same and are not treated the same in analysis If you could zoom into a data log of Vrms you might be able to zoom in further and further until you arrive at the measurement of Vrms representing 1 2 cycle of voltage You would not eventually see a waveform of voltage Saving Consumption Waveforms PowerSight allows you to store sets of waveforms whenever you wish to These waveforms may be uploaded and displayed on your PC at any time Consumption waveforms are captured by the action of the
33. of interest highlighted Notice that the cursor is positioned near the center of the display The data associated with that point appears in the heading in parentheses 154 Specifically the cursor is positioned on Record 224 of the log The timestamp of that point is 6 41 00 on 9 24 04 The value of the average C phase power for that record is 3450 watts whereas the average of all the average C phase power points that are displayed is 3511 6 watts The example on the right above showing the zoomed in portion of the sample log has the cursor positioned above a special point of interest a point where one of the peaks in the power occurs Looking at the circled information you can quickly identify that the data at that point is contained in record 90 which started at 18 24 00 on 9 23 04 and the value of the average C Phase power at that point is 5211 watts whereas the overall average of the average C phase power points that are displayed is 4030 1 watts Notice that the oveall measurement has changed from 3511 6 to 4030 1 because it only refers to the data that is shown When you print what is displayed the cursor and all values within parentheses wil not appear on the printout It is important to note that when a measurement type that is graphed is an average such as power Phase C Avg the summary value at the top is the average of all the averages displayed When it is a maximum such as Vab max the summa
34. off the same line voltage connect Va Vb and Vc to the same hot wire la Ib and Ic serve the 3 loads This approach can also be used to evaluate the current of a 4th load but the power used by that load will not be calculated Neutral Fig 4 Multiple Single Phase Connections 17 In this configuration the voltage current and power of each load can be displayed directly or graphed on your PC using our PSM software Connecting to Split Phase Two Phase Power Fig 5 shows the recommended connections to a split phase system as found in commercial and residential facilities They may be used to supply two Neutral single phase loads or a combined higher voltage load There are two Hot wires 180 degrees out of phase with each other and sharing the same neutral Appliances such as ovens that require 240V will span across both hot wires When evaluating the power for a Fig 5 Recommended Two Phase load spanning Connections the two phases remove the VN voltage lead since it may affect the power factor readings of each phase In this configuration a reading of Van is of hot neutral and Vbn is hot2 neutral In does not need to be connected and Vn should not be connected when the load spans the two phases The power associated with one hot is measured as phase A the power of the other hot is measured as phase B In phase neutral measurement 18 mode the voltage readings will be from hot t
35. should appear as 120 degrees 15 degrees If there isa large imbalance between the angles of the phases like 62 228 69 then one or more current probes are probably backwards If one of the numbers is 0 then the current probes on either side of it are connected to the same phase Also even if the phase sequence and degrees are correct the current probes may be connected to the wrong phases For instance if la is paired with Vb Ib is paired with Vc and Ic is paired with Va the current sequence and phase angles will appear correct but power readings for each phase will be incorrect Note that in a single phase system with two hot phases a two phase system the phase angle between them will be 180 degrees Also note that in a four wire delta system with most of 39 the loads operating phase to neutral you may see normal operation of 90 90 and 180 degrees between the currents The sequence and phase angle numbers are updated each second When the readings appear to be correct press Yes Accept to move on to the phase lag angle test Checking Phase Lag Angle Using Checkout Connections Current may lead or lag voltage by as much as 90 degrees Typically current lags voltage or may slightly lead it The Phase Lag Angle Test displays the approximate phase angle also known as displacement between voltage and current for each phase To determine the phase lag angle for each phase press Yes Accept when asked Check Phase
36. shown on the screen When viewing consumption waveforms the average RMS of the cycles of the waveform is shown at the top with the average crest factor listed below it The instantaneous value of each point of the waveform can be determined using the vertical scale If a harmonic analysis is displayed the RMS voltage is also listed 48 When viewing voltage swell logs the highest 1 2 cycle RMS level of each event is displayed An event starts when the trigger is exceeded and ends either when 10 cycles have passed or when a Ye cycle does not exceed the trigger level whichever is longer Voltage dip logs display the lowest 1 2 cycle RMS level of each event Each event starts with the trigger and ends in 10 cycles or when a 1 2 cycle does not fall below the trigger level whichever is longer When viewing swell sag RMS graphs the RMS of each 1 2 cycle is graphed and the most extreme measurement with its timestamp is presented at the top When viewing transient waveforms the instantaneous values of the voltage are graphed as with consumption waveforms But the summary value at the top is the Vpk value above the trigger with its timestamp If trending data is being recorded and PowerSight is operating in phase neutral voltage measurement mode the average Van Vbn and Vcn voltages for each second will be displayed and recorded each second If in phase phase voltage measurement mode the average Vab Vbc and Vca voltages f
37. status checkout of connections and wiring setting the threshold trigger levels setting the log interval setting the utility rate setting the on off current level Pressing Setup the first time results in the battery status being displayed The number of hours of operation to expect from the batteries is displayed Once each 6 seconds a message stating if 138 the unit is charging discharging or fully charged will flash onto the screen The Checkout Connections feature is discussed in two separate chapters in this manual Checking out Connections using PowerSight and Checking out Connections using PSM Setting the threshold trigger levels for swell dip is covered in the Setting the Swell Dip Trigger Thresholds in PowerSight section of the chapter on Monitoring Swell Dip Inrush Setting the threshold trigger levels for high speed transient events is covered in the Setting the Transient Thresholds in PowerSight section of the chapter on Monitoring High speed Transient Events To review the log interval of the PS4000 press Setup four times The present setting will be displayed To change this setting press No Reject and then follow the instructions to enter the new log interval When the new interval is entered correctly press Yes Accept The interval may be set from 1 second to 99 minutes The log interval is used in determining the demand period and in assembling and storing data log records PowerSight allows you
38. that you wish to view and then click on View Agcert Deectones Look n 9 Sarok Ove 0am The same approach holds for Swell Dip and Swell Dip Event Logs To understand the various presentations of the data refer to the Swell Dip Event Log Swell Dip RMS Graph Log and Swell Dip Waveforms sections 122 Monitoring High speed Transient Events Introduction The three general areas of power quality analysis are in investigating on going harmonic content analyzing temporary changes in RMS voltage and current levels and in analyzing instantaneous high speed non RMS voltage and current transients High speed transients are voltages or currents unrelated to the fundamental frequency of the power being used They may be due to lightning strikes sudden shorts or opens or switching of power sources loads and correction equipment They may be large enough or last long enough to affect the RMS value of a cycle and thereby trigger a swell or a dip but they are categorized by their peak level and their width rather than their RMS value and duration Transients are captured when the instantaneous voltage or current level exceeds the trigger level set by the user Trigger levels can be set for an absolute value and for a relative value When a trigger is set to an absolute value such as 180V anytime the waveform reaches 180V or 180V the event is captured The event continues
39. this Setting Operational Features of PSM Several operational features of PSM are grouped together for easy access To access them click on Software Options at the main menu The Software Options window will pop up You can select the serial port used for communications by clicking on the Serial Port box You Software Options j xj can adjust the speed of Serial Port Speed Language x communications with an E 5750 American 7 arcs attached PowerSight by Details clicking on the Speed box As an assistance us if you have the wrong speed set for the attached PowerSight PSM will automatically adjust the speed in order to make a successful connection However since this process can take awhile it is always best to have the speed set correctly in the first place You can click on the Language box to change the language of the user interface Clicking on British will result in a European representation of the date date month year and use of L1 L2 and L3 representation of the three line phases Clicking on American will result in a North American representation month date year and the use of A B and C representation of the three phases 145 Putting it all Together Monitoring for the First Time This section is intended to insure that you will be successful in your first and later monitoring attempts There are several ways to start monitoring If you wish to use the default values simply t
40. through the individual voltages currents or phases The order of presentation as you Click on the icon is A B C and then ABC together PowerSight Manager SHpMotor_wim File Edit View Harmonics Help v a amp ew D i ZAMS gt O ab O be O Vea RMS Value 206 5 206 4 205 7 Crest Factor 1 5 1 5 15 5 Hp Motor 208 pp 60Hz 500 0 400 0 F 300 0 200 0 100 0 99 Monitoring Power Consumption Introduction When PowerSight is first turned on it operates like a reporter describing what it sees New measurements are generated each second that replace old measurements Old measurements are discarded These are the present values that are displayed as you press various keys When PowerSight is instructed to begin monitoring consumption it not only reports what it sees the present values it also generates summary information about the entire monitoring session and about each logging period Summary information includes maximum values during the session and logging period minimum values during the session and logging period average values during the session and logging period These summary statistics are of great value to you as you ask questions such as What is the minimum voltage What is the maximum current How much does it cost to run this equipment What is the average load When is my peak demand period The PS4000 measures most basic measurement types Such as
41. to the chosen conductor of each phase and begin monitoring All the readings and logged values will be substantially correct 30 Measuring Currents Below the Range of the Current Probe A problem with measuring smaller currents arises when the current to be measured is below the range of the current probe In such cases the current may not be read or the reading may be inaccurate In addition any waveforms that are captured will have excessive noise on them If you are using a flexible current probe you can simply wrap it around the conductor twice in order to double the magnetic field strength This can get it in the measurement range and it boosts the signal to noise ratio If you use this method set the input ratio for the current probe to 1 2 see the Changing Input Ratios in PowerSight section If the current to be measured is small it may be acceptable to open the circuit and insert an extra length of wire that is wound up into a coil of 10 turns Clamping your current probe around this extension coil will boost the signal strength 10 times and allow accurate reading of small currents If you use this Ia Probe method set the input ratio for the current probe to 1 10 or however many turns there are in the coil 31 Turning PowerSight On Connecting to Power Although PowerSight comes with Li ion rechargeable batteries those batteries are intended to keep PowerSight functioning during limited power failur
42. two hot voltages like a single phase air conditioner running at 240 V In a perfectly balanced three phase system the phase neutral voltage is equal to the phase phase voltage divided by the square root of 3 Vpn Vpp 1 732 In practice systems are usually not balanced but this gives an idea of what voltage to expect as you change the voltage mode from phase phase to phase neutral There is a third voltage measurement mode that may be active in your unit It is the 2 current mode or the Vab Vcb only mode In this mode only two phase phase voltages are used and displayed The 2 current mode actually involves a different method of measuring power and therefore is actually a different power measurement mode but since it is independent of the other power measurement modes and yet is an alternative to the other two voltage measurement modes it is treated as a voltage measurement mode When in this mode only Vab and Vcb not Vbc or Vca are measured and displayed It is important to note a limitation of operating in phase phase mode The power factor and power reading for each phase are not necessarily accurate This is not due to any accuracy problem with PowerSight Instead it is the result of each phase s current being the result of two different phase phase voltages whereas a phase s power and power factor calculations rely on only one of the phase phase voltages Therefore although the power factor and power readings have diagno
43. until the level goes slightly below the trigger level again When a trigger is set to a relative level such as 20V the underlying periodic waveform is removed from consideration and the remaining transient signal is examined to see if it exceeds the relative trigger level in this case above 20V or below 20V There are two types of recordings of high speed transient events that may be used Transient Event log Transient Event waveforms 123 Each of these recordings will be discussed at length in next two sections The fact that the PS4000 evaluates the high speed transients every 8 usecs on every input channel means that no transients lasting more than 8usec are missed and precise measurement of their characteristics is available If thresholds are set transient monitoring begins when consumption monitoring begins and continues without interruption While monitoring is in progress asterisks appear on both ends of the bottom line of the display They flash on and off each second to assure you that monitoring is in progress When monitoring stops you are assured that monitoring has ended by Wee the absence of the flashing asterisks After you direct PowerSight to stop monitoring all the information remains available to you in the transient event log and the transient waveform captures that are in PowerSight The data is preserved even if the unit is turned on and off repeatedly The contents of the dat
44. user Triggered waveforms are automatically captured due to some characteristic of the waveform Triggered waveforms are discussed in later sections Whenever a set of consumption waveforms is manually recorded by PowerSight all 3 voltages and all four 4 currents are recorded for 50 milliseconds This time coincident snapshot of 7 waveforms is called a waveform set You can capture a waveform set at anytime either using the keypad of PowerSight or PSM if PowerSight is connected To save a waveform set in PowerSight without using PSM press the Wave key at the lower right of the keypad The number that is assigned to the waveform set is then shown on the display The waveform data storage space within PowerSight is separate from the space reserved for other types of data Therefore it does not 93 limit the size of your logs or write over any other type of data Whenever you store a waveform set in PowerSight it writes over the oldest waveform set that is stored in the meter One of the wavesets waveset1 is a special waveset It is automatically captured by PowerSight when you initiate monitoring The benefit of doing this is you can always retrieve a look at what the waveforms were like when monitoring began It must be noted that the PS4000 allows the user to disable waveform sets In this case you will be unable to save wavesets The ability to enable or disable the saving of consumption waveforms is discussed in the Allocatin
45. view Attaching labels and titles Changing the color scheme Setting the scale Printing and saving as Windows bitmap graphic Redo get new data Zooming and panning Viewing data In order to ease selecting the signal you wish to see and to avoid cluttering the presentation we use an approach of Primary Choice Secondary Choice i i i Voltage G al Set Al primary choice and are Cave SAA ose toe Current Clear All Evi secondary choice This is a Vohage and Curent 2 e8 Ses simple two step process Help First you choose a primary l l choice That results in only being presented with the appropriate secondary choices 149 Often the presentation of a graph can be enhanced by changing the title at the top from the filename to something more descriptive This does not change the filename but it may improve the look of the graph Also points of interest can be brought out in a presentation by adding labels to the chart The label consists of some text and an arrow To create labels or titles click on View and then Labels or click on the Modify or Add Label icon Ee ce aoa e S laje 2 2 2 e OI Normally the scale of a display is set automatically by PSM to give the best size presentation of the data However when doing before and after comparisons it is best to have identical vertical scales otherwise a small after number may appear
46. view all the waveforms before taking measurements Failure to do so will typically result in power readings 1 3 of the correct value The 2 Current Probe mode also known as 2 wattmeter mode is a method of calculating total power using only 2 current probes and 2 phase to phase voltages This power measurement mode is discussed in the Voltage Measurement Mode section since it has direct effects on the measurement and display of voltages Changing the Power Measurement Mode in PowerSight To determine which power measurement mode PowerSight is in simply press the Measure Mode key three times and read the display If PowerSight is in Always Positive Power measurement mode the display will read Power Readings Always Positive If PowerSight is in Negative Power Allowed measurement mode the display will read Negative Power Readings Allowed To change the power measurement mode from what is displayed press the No Reject key and then press Yes Accept when the desired measurement mode is displayed 88 The power measurement mode that you choose will stay in effect until you change it It will not be changed by turning PowerSight off Changing the Power Measurement Mode in PSM To determine the power measurement mode using PSM connect PowerSight to PSM and then either go to the Setup Data menu and read what appears in the Power Mode box or operate in Remote Control mode and press the key combinations described above To change
47. 00 x 1 35 inches and second it offers much greater sensitivity since it reads currents from 20 milliamps to 5 amps as compared to the HA1000 measuring 1 1 000 amps The tradeoff is accuracy The probe has a basic accuracy of 2 and its phase shift varies by frequency and by amplitude All told you can expect to measure current to a nominal 2 25 accuracy and power and cost to a nominal 3 accuracy using the HA5 probe The HA100 probe is the same compact size as the HA5 The HA100 measures from 0 1 to 100 amps at 2 accuracy Itisa good choice over the HA1000 if you wish to lock PowerSight its leads and current probes inside a power panel that you are monitoring It is also a good choice when small size is important while measuring currents above 5 amps The HA100 is a popular choice for a second set of probes For very large currents and large bus bars we offer the HA3000 the FX3000 and FX5000 The HA3000 is capable of clamping onto cables of up to 2 50 inches wide and bus bars of 1 97 x 5 31 inches or 2 56 x 3 94 inches It offers linearity of 0 5 1 5 amps from 5 to 3000 amps The HA3000 offers added safety to users who clamp over bare bus bar since the user s hands do not pass close to the exposed bus bar It is available as a special order item The FX3000 and FX5000 are flex type probes They consist of a tube about 0 55 inch in diameter and 24 inches long The ends of this tube can snap together around a conductor to measur
48. 000 3600 The energy used over a longer time would be the sum of each of these energy measurements of each second Useful measurements and estimates of energy are Real energy consumed Reactive energy consumed Estimated energy consumed per hour Estimated energy consumed per month Estimated energy consumed per year The real energy consumed is the amount of energy actually consumed during a period of time such as since monitoring started or during a specific week For instance if the sum of the KWH of each cycle totals to 5 KWH after 10 minutes of monitoring then the energy consumed during the monitoring session is 5 KWH The PS4000 calculates KWH for each second using every cycle during that time for exact measurements The reactive energy consumed is determined the same as KWH except VAR measurements are used instead of watts The estimated energy consumed per hour is the total energy consumed divided by the hours of monitoring For instance if 5 KWH is consumed over a 10 minute period then the estimated energy consumed per hour is KWH ssn sxe 30KWH The estimated energy consumed per year is the total energy consumed divided by the fraction of a year that monitoring has proceeded For instance if 5 KWH is consumed over a 10 minute period then the estimated energy consumed per year is 64 5x 262 800KWH 262 8 megawatt est yr 1 KWH hours The estimated energy consumed per month is the e
49. 80 Absolute Trans 201 3 V instantaneous Units Absolute Trans 520 90 233 A instantaneous Relative Trans g1 zJ instantaneous Relative Trans 120 00 A instantaneous If you wish to trigger on one or more voltages check in the Voltage to trigger on section to make sure that the voltage signals you wish to trigger on are checked Clicking on the box in front of the signal name results in a checkmark being displayed in the box indicating that the triggers apply to that signal Clicking on a box that already has a checkmark in it erases the checkmark indicating that the triggers do not apply t that signal Similarly if you wish to trigger on one or more currents check the Current to trigger on section and make sure that the current signals you wish to trigger on are checked Next in the Trigger Thresholds section enter the swell and dip threshold values you wish to trigger on A swell occurs when the RMS value of 1 2 cycle rises above this trigger level on any signals that have checkmarks preceding them For instance if the Current Swells threshold is set for 15 ARMS and la has a checkmark in front of it and the RMS value of any 1 2 cycle of la rises to 15 1 ARMS or higher then the threshold will have been passed triggering will occur and the event will be considered to have started When the current in this example falls to slightly less than 15 ARMS the swell will have ended unless
50. Cost and More keys there are 4 cost measurements available The rate used by PowerSight to estimate cost can be displayed or changed by the user at any time Itis one of the setup functions that can be accessed through the Setup key 67 Cost Measurements in PSM Our Report Generator software will calculate the elapsed cost and estimated cost per month of energy consumed during any one or two intervals of time set by the user If two time intervals are chosen it will report the percent change and the actual change in cost between the two intervals For instance if a comparison report is chosen and 0 50 of energy is consumed during the first interval of 10 minutes and 0 80 of energy is consumed during the second interval of 20 minutes then the report would show ost Cost Estimated per month In this example even though the elapsed cost increased significantly the actual rate of cost declined significantly because of the difference in time intervals between the before and after tests You may view or change the rate used by Report Generator to calculate cost It is one of the fields you can change when you set up a report Demand Period Measurements Utilities typically evaluate energy usage over fixed increments of time such as 15 minute intervals These time intervals are called demand periods The average power consumed during each demand period is called the demand of that period Typically
51. Logging section Frequency mode Variable 22 200Hz This allows PowerSight to measure the frequency every second and perform measurements whenever the fundamental frequency is in that range If you do not need to measure varying frequency it is recommended that you change the mode to one of the fixed frequency modes Voltage mode Phase Phase Power mode Always positive Unless you are dealing with the unusual presence of regenerative power this is the recommended mode to operate in Inputs configured for input ratios of 1 1 Measurement types standard set of 52 variables The default set of measurement types are the maximum the minimum and the average of the following variables voltage from A phase to neutral phase neutral mode voltage from B phase to neutral phase neutral mode voltage from C phase to neutral phase neutral mode 102 voltage from A phase to B phase phase phase mode voltage from B phase to C phase phase phase mode voltage from C phase to A phase phase phase mode current in A phase current in B phase current in C phase current in neutral true power in A phase true power in B phase true power in C phase VA power in A phase VA power in B phase VA power in C phase true power factor of A phase true power factor of B phase true power factor of C phase fundamental frequency In addition the time date of each data record is recorded There a
52. M has successfully CEF ese gt ie connectedto aee PowerSight This will be EPET L Umt omea Communications clear by the box on the EET main menu with the 146 words Unit Connected appearing within a large green banner Note that the box also says Serial Comm enabled and Datalogging enabled Click on Data Setup and review the setup that is in PowerSight Review the chapter on Custom Consumption Data Logging and the sections on Setting the Swell Dip Trigger Threshold Setting the Transient Trigger Thresholds and Allocating Memory within PowerSight and make any changes that are needed in the data setup and store it to PowerSight and perhaps save it to afile For instance check to see how many records and waveforms can be recorded given the choice of variables and allocation of memory and check the length of time that logging can proceed before the log will fill up If any of these items is too small remove unneeded variables change the logging period or reallocate memory As you change the variables or logging period you will see the capacity of the log in number of records and in recording time change to reflect the change If you care about consumption logging make sure the logging period is short enough to have at least 10 records in the log before you end logging Less than 10 records will not look presentable when graphed Generally strive to have at least 100 records in a consumptio
53. PFc and then More to display the phase lag of phase C 61 In any display other than Power Factor and Displacement Power Factor was viewed last or Total Power Factor is displayed Phase Angle A dPFb Phase Angle B dPFb Phase Angle C User Interface for Displacement Power Factor Measurements In this way by combining the Power Factor and More keys there are 6 displacement power factor and phase angle measurements available The display of power factor tells you if current is leading or lagging voltage For instance if current lags voltage in phase A the display will read Van la If current leads voltage the display reverses the order and reads la Van Determining whether current is leading or lagging is necessary when correcting power factor by using capacitance The phase lag angles of all phases can be viewed simultaneously using the checkout connections feature The final screen of that 6 step process displays these angles in degrees of lag 62 Power Factor and Phase Measurements in PSM The consumption data log can record maximum minimum and average true power factor for each phase and for total power for each logging period The summary values at the top of the screen are the maximum minimum and average of all the values shown on the screen When viewing consumption waveforms the average true power factor of the waveform is shown at the top right If a harmonic analysis is displayed
54. PT 3CT figure 10 Although phase to phase is the normal voltage measurement mode for this service PowerSight can be set to phase to neutral even though the neutral is not connected In this case the measured voltages will be phase to metering neutral such as Van 277V for a 480V service and all other measurements will also be correct Figure 1D presents three phase four wire delta service In this configuration a neutral is supplied from a point midway between two phases This is handy when 240V delta is supplied Von and Vcn supply conventional 120V single phase power and Van provides 208V if needed In this configuration depending on what you are measuring you may choose to measure in phase to phase mode or in phase to neutral mode Figure 1E presents grounded delta service This configuration is actually not very common It can be attractive to use if an electrically isolated three wire delta service is available and there is a need to provide the power a long distance away at a private facility such as a saw mill By grounding one of the phases at the source the cost of supplying one of the phases to the remote site is saved A motor at that site would be connected to phase A phase B and earth ground There is increased danger in this configuration over normal isolated delta service since the reference to ground is intentionally an excellent conductive path Nevertheless PowerSight will provide the desired measurements in this
55. To analyze the data use the EMPATH software that was provided with the option This software has its own operations manual 161 Frequency Analysis Option The Frequency Analysis Option order number FAO adds the capability of a high frequency power line spectrum analyzer to your PS4000 Normally harmonics are measured up to about 3 000 Hz this option starts where normal frequency analysis ends It allows you to capture and view the small amplitude high frequency signals that ride on the normal waveforms of your voltage and current Frequency spectrum graphs of from 3 000 Hz to 100 000 Hz are obtained from PSM Voltage amplitudes of a few millivolts riding on 480V systems can be accurately measured with this option Similarly very small high frequency currents can be detected Since high frequency current has a dramatic heating effect compared to low frequency current it is important to know if there are high frequency components riding on the power line The spectrum graphs from PSM can be very effective in showing before vs after filtering out of high frequency components Prior to measuring high frequency voltage plug the Voltage Conditioning box into the In current input of PowerSight plug two voltage leads into the Voltage Conditioning box inputs typically the A and B phase voltages remove any connections to Va Vb Vc Vn and the DC input jack of PowerSight To measure high frequency current plug the special adapter cable
56. User s Manual for PowerSight PS4000 Summit Technology Inc Walnut Creek CA 94597 Tel 1 925 944 1212 Fax 1 925 944 7126 support powersight com http Awww powersight com Rev for FW 3 3D SW 3 4H Copyright 2012 by Summit Technology PowerSight is a registered trademark of Summit Technology Inc The PowerSight model PS4000 is designed to comply with part 15 subpart B of the FCC Rules for a Class A digital device Model PS4000 is manufactured by Summit Technology Inc in the U S A The standard warranty period is 12 months from date of purchase We encourage you to advise us of any defects of design or manufacture of any of our products We are dedicated to your successful use of the product A There are no user serviceable parts in your PowerSight meter Opening the case voids your warranty and may result in present or future danger to users of the meter The rechargeable battery inside is a custom designed battery pack that is only to be replaced by authorized Summit Technology technical service personnel A Cleaning is to be done by use of a dry or damp piece of cloth Grease may be removed by light application of isopropyl rubbing alcohol Avoid the use of solvents since they may dissolve or weaken the plastic enclosure Do not use water or other conductive liquids since they may pose a safety risk A Use of this equipment in a manner not specified by Summit Technology can result in injury and voiding of war
57. Vrms you will not need to hook up to the PTs in fact there will probably be none present The ratio of the stepping down of the voltage will be printed on the rating plate of the PT Typically this would be 2400 120 20 1 As with the CTs this ratio should be entered into PowerSight see the Setting Input Ratios section to simplify interpreting the results 25 Connections To a 2 CT 2 PT Metering Circuit Figure 10 shows recommended connections to a metering circuit with only 2 CTs or 2 PTs This type of metering circuit may be preferable when cost is an issue less instrument transformers are used or when metering a delta service with no reference to neutral The discussion of the previous section Connection sToa3CT 3 PT Metering Circuit applies to this circuit as j well with PowerSight one important exception If you clamp onto the CTs rather than clamping onto each of the primary currents directly Fig 10 Recommended Connections to PowerSight 2 CT 2 PT Metering Circuit must be operating in the 2 Current Probe mode of operation see the Phase Neutral vs Phase Phase vs 2 Current Mode section 26 Connections To an Open Delta 3CT 2PT Metering Circuit In the open delta configuration two PTs and 3 CTs are available Make the voltage connections as shown in figure 10 of the Connections to a 2CT 2PT Metering Circuit section For current connections connect the A and C phase pro
58. a log are not displayed on PowerSight s display To obtain the information it must be uploaded from PowerSight to your computer using the PSM software The data is recorded into files in a plain text format that may be easily imported into spreadsheets databases and word processors In addition PSM has extensive graphing and printing capabilities Please Note Before you start monitoring verify that PowerSight s wall charger is charging the internal batteries The internal batteries won t operate PowerSight for many hours without assistance Verify that the red charging indicator light is shining through its hole near the DC input jack Transient Event Log The transient event log is a compact text file It contains the basic transient event information Timestamp Signal affected Peak value Duration 124 The timestamp records the date and the time that the event began to the nearest microsecond The signal affected is simply the name of the signal that had was triggered such as Van The peak value is the highest or lowest instantaneous value that oma aoa was reached The we duration is how long in a milliseconds the event lasted starting with the moment when the signal exceeded the trigger threshold and ending when the transient returned below the trigger level The placement of magnitude vs calendar timeframe allows spotting times of day that events occur and
59. ake the same choices over and over Many of the basic choices define how you wish PowerSight to interpret its inputs and how you want it to calculate and record its results To accomplish these ends several measurement modes can be selected by the user The general categories are Voltage measurement modes Frequency measurement modes Power measurement modes Defining inputs All measurement modes will be explained in the next few sections The Measure Mode key allows you to make these basic choices only when needed As new measurement capabilities are added to PowerSight the Measure Mode key will keep the product easy to use Phase Neutral vs Phase Phase vs 2 Current Mode There are three voltage measurement modes Phase Phase Phase Neutral 2 Current Mode When measuring voltages you either need them recorded in phase neutral format or in phase phase format A phase neutral voltage reading is the difference in potential between one of the phase inputs Va Vb and Vc and the neutral input Vn They are presented as Van Vbn and Vcn A phase phase voltage reading is the difference in potential between two phase inputs They are presented as Vab Vbc and Vca 82 Wye systems are usually measured using phase neutral voltages Delta systems are usually measured using phase phase voltages On occasion you may wish to measure phase phase voltages in a wye system if the equipment that you are monitoring bridges
60. and neutral are reversed then Vcn will become a large number like 117 volts Connecting to 120 V Outlet Adapter Box The 120 V Outlet Adapter Box accessory order number 120ADPa offers a safe convenient and accurate way to monitor voltage in a commercial setting or to evaluate power usage of appliances Figure g 7 120 Volt Line Adapter Box presents tne connections to the Adapter Box Simply plug the adapter box into a wall socket and then attach the voltage and current leads into PowerSight Each lead is labeled to eliminate errors in connections Fig 3 Connects to the 120 V Line Adapter A Note PowerSight Make sure that the hot and neutral wiring being measured is not reversed If so PowerSight and its attachments will float at 120 V 16 A Note The 120ADPa is rated for continuous duty of up to 15 Arms Do not exceed this continuous load To evaluate the power usage of an appliance simply plug the appliance into the top of the 120 V Outlet Adapter Box after the other connections have been made and verified Even without an appliance plugged in the adapter box offers a convenient means of checking for transients or analyzing the harmonic content of the incoming voltage Connecting to Multiple Single phase Loads Figure 4 presents a means to monitor 3 single phase loads simultaneously The loads must all share the same neutral PowerSight voltage connection If the loads run
61. and total apparent power will be displayed and recorded The measurements of power presented on PowerSight can also be displayed in PSM by using the remote control feature In addition our Report Generator software will present maximum minimum and average true power and apparent power of each phase and of all phases during any one or two intervals of time set by the user If two time intervals are chosen it will report the percent change and the actual change between the two intervals For instance if a comparison report is chosen and Wtotal average is 480 W during the first interval and 478 W during the second interval then the report would show Before After Units Change Change Power Factor Measurements Power factor is often misunderstood The definition of power factor is the ratio of true power in watts to apparent power in VA But it is often used as an indication of how much current lags voltage in a circuit When no harmonics are present power factor does this well When harmonics are present there is no necessary relationship between power factor and current phase lag To help differentiate what is meant by power factor we talk of two different power factor measurement types true power factor and displacement power factor PowerSight measures both of these True power factor as its name implies is the true measurement of power factor It is the ratio of true power over apparent powe
62. ansients combine it with the More button for more information Harmon for measuring THD and individual harmonics combine it with the More button for more information More for getting more detailed information such as max min avg or estimates of per hour month year after pressing one of the other keys Volt read phase phase or phase neutral true RMS voltage combine it with the More button for more information Current read true RMS current of any phase or neutral combine it with the More button for more information Power read true power VA or VAR combine it with the More button for more information Energy read energy consumed obtain estimates with the More key Cost read cost of energy consumed obtain estimates with the More key Freq read fundamental frequency combine it with the More button for more information On Off Cycles duty cycle number of on off cycles on time combine it with the More button for more information 163 Power Factor true power factor and displacement power factor combine it with the More button for more information Demand amount of demand and time of peak demand period combine it with the More button for more information Time present time elapsed time time capacity of log combine it with the More button for more information Yes Accept for use in answering questions or accepting entries No Reject for use in answering quest
63. antage of this approach is that you cannot determine the power power factor or VA of each individual phase and of course you cannot record the current of one of the active phases One motivation for using this type of connection is to save time and money By only connecting to 2 of the 3 currents a small amount of time can be saved The frugal user appreciates this approach because he can save the cost of one current probe when buying a system in order to measure total power Another motivation occurs in situations where one of the phases cannot be measured due to accessibility 22 A necessary use for this type of connection is to measure utility power where only two metering CTs and three PTs are provided After hooking up to the CTs and PTs you enter the input ratios into PowerSight see the Setting Input Ratios section in order to record the correct values the values on the primary side of the transformers This approach is also called the 2 wattmeter approach because it mimics how two single phase wattmeters can be used to measure total three phase power The equation that it depends on is Wai DA xI DA x1 This equation is true regardless of the harmonic content of the voltages and currents present A few words of caution are required however First a volt ohmmeter cannot be used for this calculation That is because the equation depends on the instantaneous products of voltage and current That is normall
64. ase is displayed by pressing On Off Cycles The average on time and the average off time are displayed by repeatedly pressing More For instance if you are monitoring a refrigeration unit press On Off Cycles to display how much of the time the compressor is running and then press More to display how long the compressor runs on average 72 The level of current considered to be on is easily set by the user It is a function accessed through the Setup key Using this feature a user could define 2 amps as on and hence anything less than 2 amps as off This would allow minor currents to flow in a circuit without affecting the duty cycle measurement PowerSight comes from the factory with the on current set to 1 amp If power consumption is being monitored the number of times that current in the A phase goes on is displayed by pressing On Off Cycles once or twice Based on the history of monitoring consumption estimates of the rate of on off cycles are calculated each second These estimates are available by repeatedly pressing More after displaying the total number of power cycles For instance if you are monitoring an air conditioning system and wish to know how many times per hour the unit turns on and off press On Off Cycles until the number of power cycles during monitoring is displayed and then More to display power cycles per hour Time and Capacity Measurements PowerSight performs
65. asurement of power and power factor For instance in a perfectly balanced system with 92 power factor and no harmonics if the connections of the la and Ic probes are switched the true power will fall 33 and the power factor of each phase will become 0 12 0 92 and 0 80 34 Current probe not fully connected to PowerSight The current probe connector needs to be fully seated within its socket If it is not the reading may be 0 resulting in a loss of about 1 3 of the power the probe may be misidentified resulting in current readings of a fraction or a multiple of the correct value or the display may say la input too large and PowerSight will refuse respond to the keys of the keypad To visually checkout if all connections are accurate enter PSM the PowerSight Monitor program on your PC connect to PowerSight click on Receive Waveforms at the main menu then click on Snapshot and then Receive and View To use the Checkout Connections feature of PowerSight press the Setup key and then press Yes Accept to the question Checkout Connections Checking out the connections requires making six observations or tests These are Check of Voltage Levels compare size and level of all 3 voltages Check of Voltage Phase Sequence review the order in which the voltage appear Check of Current Levels compare size and level of all 3 phase currents and neutral Check of Current Phase Sequence r
66. bes as shown in figure 10 and attach the B phase current probe to the B phase CT You will not need to operate in the 2 Current Probe mode of power measurement since there are 3 currents being monitored Connecting to Line To DC LDC Converter Accessory The Line To DC Converter accessory order number LDC4 converts the voltage that is being monitored into DC voltage to run and charge PowerSight The applications of this option are Electrical room monitoring where a 120V outlet jack is not available for your charger Monitoring where an extension cord from a 120V outlet jack would be a safety hazard Monitoring on a rooftop power pole or power pad Reliable charging for the PS4000 when there is concern that an available 120V outlet jack may be switched off by other personnel Simplified monitoring connections no need to think about powering PowerSight when installed inside a CASW weather resistant case Figure 11 shows the correct method of connecting the LDC to PowerSight The LDC comes with two long red input leads that end with a stackable safety banana plugs These stackable plugs are to be inserted directly into two of the inputs of PowerSight If you are monitoring power without a neutral we recommend plugging them into the Va and Vb inputs If an external neutral is present we recommend plugging them into the Va and Vn inputs In any case there needs to be a potential between them of at least 100 Vrms and no more
67. can record maximum minimum and average RMS current for each phase for each logging period The summary values at the top of the screen are the maximum minimum and average of all the values shown on the screen When viewing consumption waveforms the average RMS of the cycles of the waveform is shown at the top with the average crest factor listed below it The instantaneous value of each point of the waveform can be determined using the vertical scale If a harmonic analysis is displayed the RMS current is also listed When viewing current inrush logs the highest 2 cycle RMS level of each event is displayed An event starts when the inrush trigger is exceeded and ends either when 10 cycles have passed or when a 1 2 cycle does not exceed the trigger level whichever is longer Current dip logs display the lowest 1 2 cycle RMS level of each event Each event starts with the trigger and ends in 10 cycles or when a 2 cycle does not fall below the trigger level whichever is longer When viewing swell sag RMS graphs the RMS of each cycle is graphed and the most extreme measurement with its timestamp is presented at the top When viewing transient waveforms the instantaneous values of the current are graphed as with consumption waveforms But the summary value at the top is the Ipk value above the trigger with its timestamp 53 If trending data is being recorded and PowerSight is operating in phase neutral voltage measu
68. cosine of the true power factor It is always the inverse cosine of the displacement power factor 0 cos DPF True Power Factor Measurements in PowerSight The PS4000 performs all commonly desired true power factor measurements To view true power factor press Power Factor If the display says True P F then pressing Power Factor repeatedly will allow you to view the true power factors of the A B and C Phases and the total power factor of the three phases If the display says Displacement P F then press Power Factor three more times until it says True P F The sequence of the display is tPFa gt tPFb gt tPFc gt tPFt gt dPFa gt dPFb gt dPFc The maximum minimum and average power factors of the most recent monitoring session are displayed by repeatedly pressing More after displaying the appropriate power factor For instance if the average power factor of the C Phase is desired press Power Factor to display PFa Power Factor to 59 display PFb Power Factor to display PFc More to display maximum PFc More to display minimum PFc and then More to display average PFc In this way by combining the Power Factor and More keys there are 16 true power factor measurements available In any display other than Power Factor and True Power Factor was viewed last or Displacement power factor of Ic is displayed ere tPFt tPF total tPF total tPFto
69. dication of how far in advance of the triggering event that point is All graphs and waveforms have a time and date stamp In the case of consumption logs the left most timestamp is when the displayed data began In the case of triggered events the time and date stamp is when the event occurred All graphs and waveforms have data ne that is displayed The heading tells which signal or measurement is associated with which data The color of the heading is the same as the color of the data presentation Summary data is displayed on all graphs and waveforms a For a consumption log the summary data for a specific heading depends on the measurement If it is an average the summary is the average of all the values shown If it is a minimum it is the minimum of all the values shown If it is amaximum it is the maximum of all the values shown If it is an energy KWH it is the final point shown the energy consumed during the time displayed b For a consumption waveform the summary for a specific signal is the RMS value and crest factor of the signal The 152 power and power factor of the phase or phases is also shown at the right c For a swell dip RMS graph or waveform the summary is the maximum RMS value for a swell or minimum RMS value for a dip the duration of the event and the threshold d For aswell dip log the summary is the number of events shown for each signal the RMS level o
70. dy for operating a unit remotely and for operating and displaying the readings of a unit to many people at one time To enter the remote ee vate control mode of gow GE operation click on s e Remote Control on the sesveavevoas Saia Nunee 41256 3 main menu An image iana 830 of the connected unit will E eneu Siar outed appear At this point Hemenic ee you can activate de individual keys by clicking on them with your mouse or by typing in 143 the character that is underlined in the image for instance type in P to activate the Power key Locating and Installing Software and Firmware A tradition of PowerSight models is that the products continue to improve and as they improve those enhancements and features are made available to users who elect to stay under our enhanced warranty see http www powersight com uploads files WarrantyBenefits pdf Our PSM software continues to improve and is available for download via the web The software that resides in PowerSight is called firmware it s not as soft to change as software is but is not as hard as hardware The PS4000 has the ability to have its firmware upgraded via the communications cable with PSM This keeps your meter from getting out of date and saves you the trouble of returning it to the factory for an upgrade To upgrade the firmware you must first get the newer version of firmware from Summit Technology from ou
71. e current Flex probes are very handy when space is tight when multiple cables must be clamped around or when connecting around an unusual bus bar that the HA3000 cannot fit over They are also lighter and less expensive The flexible tube creates a circle with an inside diameter of 7 inches This circle can be deformed into various shapes to accomplish your measurement goals The basic accuracy of the flex probes is good measuring from 10 to 3000 amps within 1 accuracy However readings can vary as much as 2 depending on the position of the flex 10 probe while connected Position the flexible portion of the probe around the conductor so that the cable from the probe drops straight down and the head rests against the conductor and is ata right angle with the conductor The frequency response of flex probes is very good but phase shift increases with frequency Unlike other manufacturers flex probes ours do not require batteries for them to run A You must use added caution when connecting an FX series current probe around exposed conductors and bus bars since you must pull the tube around the conductor and thus get your hands and arms closer to it than when using HA series clamp on type current probes Wise practice dictates that you use high insulation protection on hands and forearms in these circumstances or deactivate the circuit The DC600 probe is used for AC current measurements from 5 to 400 amps and DC measurements from 5
72. e spacing is now correct determine in what order the currents reach their peaks This sequence must be in the same order as was seen for the voltages If they are not swap two of the probes This will correct the phase sequence Verify once again that the spacing between them is still correct If not repeat the instructions of this section Checking Phase Lag Angle Using PSM When viewing the voltage and current waveform of a given phase you will notice a timing relationship between the two waveforms refer examples below The point at which the current reaches its peak may lead or lag the peak of the voltage by as much as 90 degrees 90 degrees at 50 Hz is 4 msec at 60 Hz it is 4 2 msec Typically current either lags the voltage or it may slightly lead it By the time you have gotten to this test you have verified that the voltages and currents are reasonable sizes and that their sequences appear to be correct Now select a view of voltage and current and phase A only Check how much time passes between the peak of the ee Be voltage and the peak of the zi ay current It must be within 90 TN are ell ee degrees Next select a view canta of phase B only and then phase C only In each case note the time delay between the peak voltage and the peak current It should be close to the same If one current leads voltage and the other two currents lag voltage by different amounts then two of the v
73. e 208 volts 120 x J3 Similarly a three phase 480 volt phase phase delta system will display 277 volts 480 43 if it is measured in phase neutral mode How to change the voltage measurement mode is described in the Phase Neutral vs Phase Phase vs 2 Current Mode section Next are the sizes of all three phases about the same except when connected to a 4 wire delta while in phase neutral measurement mode Are they the expected size The RMS value of each waveform is listed in the heading of the graph such as Vab in the example with 469 2 beneath it indicating that Vab 469 2 volts Check Voltage Phase Sequence Using PSM While still viewing all voltage waveforms of a three phase system notice in what order they reach their peak value Normally the order should be Poet Manager Ves tal Fie Ect yew Hep A B C In other vj aj jap ale a e words the A PEE highest level of Sa p ni the Van or Vab a A B C Sequence waveform will be followed next by the highest level of the Vbn or Vbc waveform which will be followed by the highest level of the Ven or Vca es ee a a ai a waveform see the example An order of B C A or C A B is the same as an A B C sequence the reference point just starts at a different place for instance B C A is just a portion of the continuing sequence of A B C A B C Sometimes an order of C B A is correct Some utilities deliver power in tha
74. e leads of PowerSight are not connected to the correct phases the voltage readings will be mislabeled and the power readings will be incorrect For these reasons it is a good idea to check the phase sequence of the voltages before connecting loads or beginning monitoring 37 To determine the phase sequence press Yes Accept when asked Check V Phase Sequence The following display is typical The order in which the voltages are listed is the order in which the Van Vbn Ven peaks of the voltage arrive 120 120 120 Looking at the first phase letters the example above shows a phase sequence of A B C which is typical If the displayed sequence is C B A then it s likely that the voltage leads are connected incorrectly or that the phases are mislabeled The numbers of the second line are the number of degrees between each phase These numbers are updated each second When the readings appear to be correct press Yes Accept to move on to the next test Checking Current Levels Using Checkout Connections Checking the current levels provides an instant view of whether the system is operating correctly and the current probes are attached correctly To view all current levels at once press Yes Accept when asked Checkout Current Levels The following display is typical Generally the 3 active phases should be similar in size and the neutral current should be relatively small The readings are updated each second Ia 201 Ic
75. e power The three phase power is typically 240V for running motors The dual single phase power is typically 120V for running lights and small equipment from one power service It also provides 208V Depending on what you intend to monitor it may be appropriate to set PowerSight in phase phase voltage measurement mode to monitor three phase loads or to look at total power or in phase neutral voltage measurement mode to monitor single phase loads Although the selection of voltage measurement mode affects what voltage levels are displayed and recorded phase phase versus phase neutral it does not affect the power and power factor calculations Connecting to Three Phase Grounded Delta Power Figure 7 presents the recommended connections to a three phase system with one phase tied to ground No connection is made to the neutral input One of the phases originates from ground Be sure to follow the safety warnings of the previous sections before making the connections 21 Connections Using 2 Current Approach In the previous sections the approach used to measure power has been based on determining the power of each phase and then summing them PowerSight to get the total power The 2 current approach figure 8 allows you to determine the total power from measuring only 2 of the 3 currents and combining them Fig 8 Connections for with the 3 2 Current Probe Approach voltages of the three phase circuit The disadv
76. e voltage or current levels before and after the swell has occurred For this reason swells and inrush are measured in RMS For highest accuracy PowerSight calculates 79 the RMS of each 1 2 cycle of each voltage and current input in order to detect even the smallest swells and inrush In this way no swells or inrushes are missed Dips Sags Measurement Voltages and currents may shrink suddenly due to temporary or switched conditions in the load or supply of power Examples of this occurring are a current dropout when a motor is suddenly turned off a dip in voltage when the power source is switched from a strong source to a weaker one or when a large load is suddenly put on line In each of these conditions the waveform remains basically the same as it was before but the amplitude or scale of the waveform has shrunk Since it is still a periodic waveform it makes great sense to measure it in RMS This allows for simple comparison to the voltage or current levels before and after the dip has occurred For this reason dips are measured in RMS For highest accuracy PowerSight calculates the RMS of each 1 2 cycle of each voltage and current input in order to detect even the smallest dips In this way no dips are missed High Speed Transient Measurements Voltages and currents may suddenly have changes that cannot be explained by a simply change in amplitude in the normal power waveform Such events are signals or distortions
77. ead Voltage Current correctly There are many reasons why PowerSight may not be reading voltage or current First check that you have all the voltage and current leads connected correctly Then if that doesn t solve your problem check that the frequency mode of the PowerSight is in the correct mode for your situation 5 Why doesn t my PowerSight turn on This is most likely caused by a dead battery Plug in a power supply and see that the red LED at the end of the meter is turned on Make sure you use the correct rated power supply for the PowerSight that you are using 156 6 How long will the battery last A fully charged PS4000 will run 6 8 hours The PS4000 displays the charge of the battery and the estimated time of charge when you press the Setup button The PS4000 is fully charged in about 3 4 hours The battery should not need replacement for at least 2 years Only authorized service personnel can open the meter or replace the battery 7 Why does my voltage current reading seem to be off This may be caused by an input ratio left inside the meter from a previous data setup Change the input ratio to 1 1 for all input signals and try again see the sections on Changing Input Ratios in PowerSight and in PSM You should also check your frequency mode and make sure that all metal contacts of clamp on current probes are clean and securely fastened 8 How long will it take for my memory to fill up during data logging
78. ects of energy consumption as described in the previous section There are many different 101 modes of operation and data logging options available to ensure that you can measure and record just about anything you need to To simplify things we provide a default data logging setup and have that installed when you receive your unit so you are ready to begin logging under general circumstances The default data logging setup is Logging period 3 minutes This means that every 3 minutes a new record is created that includes all the variables that are requested by the setup For instance if maximum la current was one of the requested variables each record would include the maximum la current of the previous 180 seconds 3 minutes After one hour there would be 20 records 60 2 20 in the log Three minute logging period was chosen because it allows you to log for a reasonably long period of time with a reasonably short period between records Of course your needs may vary from this in which case you can easily customize the setup This is discussed in the Setting the Logging Period section Log start mode Start manually Other modes are available and are discussed in the Starting Data Logging section Log stop mode Don t stop This means that if the log fills up it will continue receiving new data which will be written over the oldest data This is discussed further in the Stopping Data
79. een covered earlier in the manual Refer to the Measurement Modes chapter Saving and Retrieving Data Setups to File or PowerSight When you create a customized data setup it is usually a good idea to save the setup to a file To do this click on Save to File and give it a filename A Save Log Setup Get Log Setup good practice is to give Save to PowerSight From PowerSight the setup a name that will Save to File Erom File be displayed The This Setup s name is This Setup is example says CUSTOM cee CUSTOM but a typical one might be Motors The name can only be eight characters long Although this name that is embedded into the setup is limited to 8 characters the filename that the setup is stored under can be of any length that is acceptable to Windows To load the setup into PowerSight click on Save to PowerSight 111 To retrieve a setup file click on From File and select the specific setup you wish to use To retrieve the setup presently in a connected PowerSight click on From PowerSight When the Data Setup menu is first entered the setup that is shown is the setup from the connected PowerSight If no PowerSight is connected the initial setup is the Default setup The default setup can always be recovered by clicking on Defaults 112 Monitoring Swell Dip Inrush Introduction The three general areas of power quality analysis are in investigating on g
80. ential of slight errors in measuring the frequency of certain waveforms A slight error in frequency will add a slight error in the measurement of all other variables Another reason is if you are measuring small voltages or currents they may not be large enough for an accurate frequency measurement even though they might be large enough for an accurate RMS measurement Although these situations are unusual they can happen For that reason we recommend one of the fixed frequency modes when practical The fixed frequency measurement mode is necessary when measuring DC voltage or DC power In a DC system the frequency is 0 Hz which is clearly outside of the variable frequency measurement range By setting PowerSight in one of the fixed frequency measurement modes PowerSight no longer measures the input frequency each second it simply assumes the frequency This assumption of the time required to measure the inputs allows for accurate readings in DC systems and systems in which only higher harmonics are present as with rectified signals It also allows accurate readings of AC and mixed AC DC signals such as AC ripple on a DC voltage Changing the Frequency Measurement Mode in PowerSight To determine which frequency measurement mode PowerSight is in simply press the Measure Mode key twice and read the display To change the frequency measurement mode from what is displayed press the No Reject key and then press Yes Accept when
81. ents in PoWerSight cceeceseeceseseeseseeeeeseeeeeeeees 65 Energy Measurements in PSM ceeeessecesesceseseseeeeseeeseeeeseeeeeeseneeeeatees 65 Cost MEASUPEMENTS ccececcecsseeescsseseeeeseeseescseeseeecseeseecsesseeecseeseeseseaes 66 Cost Measurements in PowerSight ccccccceseeeseeeeeseeceseseseneeeeseeeerees 67 Cost Measurements in PSM cc ccesecscsseseescsseseescseeseescseeseeecsesseeeeseaes 68 Demand Period Measurements cccccceecesseesceseeseeseeseeseeneeseeseeneeseenees 68 Demand Period Measurements in PowerSight cccseeeeseseeeeees 69 Demand Period Measurements in PSM ccccccccceessccesceseseeseeeeseeseees 69 Frequency Measurements ceeeccceseseesceseseeeeeeeseceeneeseeeeneeseeeeseeeeneeneers 70 Frequency Measurements in POWerSiQNt c eceeseeseseseeeeeeseeeneeeeees 70 Frequency Measurements in PSM cceeeseeseseceeseseseeeeeeseseeeeeeeeneeeeees 71 Duty Cycle Power Cycle Measurement cececesseseseseeseeeseseeeeeeees 72 Duty Cycle Power Cycle Measurements in PowerSight 4 72 Time and Capacity Measurements eeceeceseeceeseceteeseseseeeceseeeeresenees 73 Time and Capacity Measurements in PowerSight ceeeeeee 75 Time and Capacity Measurements in PSM eeceeeeseecceseseseeeeeeeeeees 76 Harmonic Measurements cccecccesccssessceseescesecseesecseeseceeeeeeaeeeeeaeeseeaes 76 Ha
82. eport for follow up The pages after this have the graphs for the measurement types during the study period If it is a comparison report they are presented with the before graph followed by the after graph 137 Other Functions of PowerSight Calibrating PowerSight PowerSight is calibrated at the factory and automatically adjusts itself every second during normal use However in order to ensure that the meter continues to meet its specifications provision has been made for you to quickly recalibrate it yourself In order to calibrate the meter you need access to highly accurate 80 0V 300 0V 1000A and four highly accurate HA1000 current probes The calibration is done in sequence The current probes must all be plugged in To calibrate voltage press Calibra then press No Reject twice to get to the display Calibrate Voltage Have no voltage input 0 volts and press Yes Accept Then enter 300 and press Yes Accept and then follow the instructions To calibrate current press Calibra then press Yes Accept to the display Calibrate Current Have four current probes attached but no current input 0 amps and press Yes Accept Then enter 1000 and press Yes Accept and then follow the instructions plugging the highly accurate HA1000 into whatever terminal the display requests Setup Functions Several functions used in setting up measurements are available using the Setup key They include battery
83. ept when you are done Following this the relative current transient trigger level is displayed This value applies to whatever currents have been enabled for triggering Press No Reject if you wish to change it Press No Reject if you wish to change it The display will be Would you like a suggestion If you press Yes Acceptl it will suggest a trigger of 10 of the peak of the current that you are connected to at that time or 1 Apk whichever is higher If you press No Reject it allows you to use the keypad to enter an instantaneous value of your choice Press Yes Accept when you are done Setting the Transient Trigger Thresholds in PSM To check or set the transient trigger thresholds at the main menu click on Data Setup At the bottom of the screen is the Triggering for Swells Dips Transients section The upper area of this section is for setting which signals to trigger on and for deciding how many signals to capture when a trigger occurs The bottom section is for setting the actual trigger thresholds Triggering for Swells Dips Transients Voltage to trigger on Capture Mode Current to tiggeLon r Trigger Thresholds Voltage Swells 123 RMS p n Current Swell 300 70 ARMS Yoltage Dips 140 RMS p n Current Dip 200 80 ARMS Absolute Trans 20h E instantaneous Units Absolute Trans C 520 90 E A instantaneous Relative Trans TE instantaneous Relative Trans lt a A instantaneous
84. er phase or phases to view CVAR te then click on View ee Choices of measurement se types that are not Frequency available in the log will be grayed out 105 At this point a view of the log will be displayed Generally if you chose two or more phases the averages of each of the phases will be graphed If you chose one phase to view the maximum minimum and average of the phase measurement will be graphed Of course average maximum or minimum will only be displayed if that measurement type was included in the data setup To learn ways to manipulate interpret and present the data for better data analysis or improved presentation refer to the chapter on Working with Graphs and Wavefoms 106 Custom Consumption Data Logging Introduction PowerSight has many optional ways of operating that allow you to accomplish almost any type of power logging task you may wish to do It does this by allowing you to make choices in the areas of when or how to start logging when or how to stop logging how often to create records what data measurement types to include in the log what voltage measurement mode to operate in what frequency measurement mode to operate in what power measurement mode to operate in how to define the inputs Each of these general areas will be covered in the following sections The collection of choices that are made on how to operate is called a set
85. erSight 111 Monitoring Swell Dip INrUSh eeeeeeeeeseeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeenneees 113 INTOGUCTION cos scncstetevsevesssases cos cocevenushenennssuecueavinstendscteceepenseesnssnsoetabianeeates 113 Swell Dip Event LOG cescssssesesessesesesscsesesseseseescsenerseseseseesesensesesseeseens 114 Swell Dip RMS Graph LOG cecceeessecesesceseeeseeeeseseeeeceseeeeeeseneeeeseeeeeees 116 Swell Dip Event Waveforms qu ccceccesesessesesesesseseseeeeeeeenseeseecseeeeseeeeees 117 Setting the Swell Dip Trigger Thresholds in PowerSight 117 Setting the Swell Dip Trigger Thresholds in PSM eeeeeeeeees 119 Receiving Swell Dip Data from PowerSight eececsesesereseeeeeees 120 Viewing Swell Dip Event Datta eccccceseeeeseseseeseseseeeeseseeeeseseeeeseneeees 122 Monitoring High speed Transient Event cccccccceeeees 123 FTFOCUCTION Aineina nearen aeaa a iea e T aE 123 Transient Event Log isese aeiia a aes 124 Transient Event Waveforms e ssesessessererererererererererererererereresesesesestsese 125 Setting the Transient Trigger Thresholds in PowerSight 126 Setting the Transient Trigger Thresholds in PSM eeeceeeeees 127 Receiving Transient Data from PowerSight eececessesesereseeeeeees 129 Viewing Transient Event Data ee eeseescssesescnseseeecseaeeecneeaeereneaes 130 Allocating Memory within PowerSight cccsssssss
86. ernal batteries are automatically charged when the wall mount supply is connected to the unit or when PowerSight is connected to the LDC4 accessory The internal batteries are not to be replaced by the user Only batteries provided by Summit Technology are to be used in PowerSight Turning PowerSight On Simply press the white push button switch on the front panel and PowerSight will be operating pressing the button again turns the unit off The message that the meter is performing a system test will appear for a few seconds and then the greeting will appear You can change this greeting at any time by following the directions in the administrative functions that are accessed by pressing the Admin key Please note that turning PowerSight on does not automatically start monitoring and logging Refer to the Putting it all Together Monitoring for the First Time section for how to start monitoring and logging Turning PowerSight Off To turn PowerSight off simply press the white push button switch on the front panel This provides a graceful software firmware shutdown If pressing the button briefly does not turn the meter off press and hold the push button down for 3 seconds to force a hardware shutdown If this is a recurring problem contact support powersight com 33 Checking out Connections Using PowerSight Importance of Checking Connections and Wiring After connecting to power it is wise to check that everything i
87. es To enable the AMD option using PSM have the PowerSight connected and then open the Data Setup screen In the Monitoring Activities section put a checkmark next to the Motor Data line and then save the setup to PowerSight If the Motor Data line does not appear at the bottom of the list of Monitoring Activities then the option is either not enabled or the meter is not successfully connected to PSM If your PS4000 has normal memory then data for 8 separate motors can be stored in memory If the PS4000 has the extended memory option MEM1 then data for 20 different motors can be stored in the meter In addition with MEM1 the low frequency resolution is 5 times better than without MEM1 To capture motor data an HA1000 probe must be clamped around the A phase conductor to a motor The other voltages and currents should also be connected for a complete analysis When you are ready press the Monitoring On Off key twice It should then display Motor Analysis Capture Press Yes Accept You will then be presented with the choice of either letting PowerSight assign a name to the motor data file or assigning it yourself using the Inc Dec lt and gt keys When you accept the name it will automatically record the motor data This will take about a minute To receive the motor data click on the Receive Data button on the main menu of PSM click on the line that shows motor data records listed and then receive the data
88. es and to allow quick measurements without the bother of always having to find a 120 Vrms source When fully charged the batteries can power the unit for up to 8 hours For longer usage and to recharge the batteries your unit has been supplied with a wall mount power supply This power supply cannot be used with the model PS3000 and the PS3000 power supply cannot be used with the PS4000 To use this power supply simply plug it into any 120 Vrms source use the model CHG4 charger for 120Vrms and the model CHG1 for 220V and then plug its barrel type plug into the 12 VDC input jack on the back end of PowerSight If charging voltage is available an LED indicating light will immediately shine through the small hole located to the left of the input jack Allow 4 hours to fully charge the unit If you wish to operate PowerSight without being tethered to a power outlet the Line to DC converter accessory order LDC4 offers the ability to power a PS4000 or a PS250 directly off the line voltage being monitored It works with 50 Hz and 60 Hz power operating off 100 to 480 Vrms input single phase or three phase All this versatility is obtained without setting switches or changing connections The LDC4 is especially convenient when monitoring in areas where 120 V outlets are not readily available A If you need to operate the LDC4 off of 600V phase to phase service connect one input to a hot phase and the other input to neutral 32 The int
89. eview the order in which the 3 phase currents appear Check of Phase Lag Angles verify that the amount displacement phase angle between the voltage and current of each phase is a reasonable amount and that it is a similar amount for each phase Once you have used the View Waveform feature of PSM or the Checkout Connections feature of PowerSight to verify that connections are correct you can proceed with confidence knowing that the power wiring is correct and that PowerSight is connected to it properly 35 Checking Voltage Levels Using Checkout Connections After pressing Yes Accept to the display Checkout Connections you are asked Checkout Voltage Levels If you press Yes Accept then the voltages of all three phases are presented on the display and are updated each second First check that the voltage measurement mode is correct If Van 120 Volts the measurement mode is phase Vbn 120 cn 120 neutral all measurement labels take the form Vxn where n stands for neutral and x is a b or c depending on which phase is being presented If the measurement mode is phase phase labels take the form Vxy where xy is ab bc or ca Changing the measurement mode has a large effect on the size of the voltage readings For instance in a three phase 120 volt phase neutral wye system the voltage measurements in phase phase mode will be 208 volts 120 x af Similarly a three phase 480 volt phase phase delta system
90. f current Probes such as the HA1000 are excellent choices to use with PowerSight because they support all the accuracy specifications of the product For instance the HA1000 has an accuracy of 0 5 whereas many probes on the market have an accuracy of 2 3 Also the HA1000 maintains its accuracy for frequencies up to 20 000 Hz With our spectrum analyzer option order FAO it can be used to measure frequencies up to 100 000 Hz riding on the power line This allows accurate current and power readings of distorted waveforms accurate readings of harmonics and the measurement of current transients that other probes would not even detect Phase shift is also an important probe characteristic The HA1000 has less than 1 2 degree of phase shift across the frequency range when measuring currents above 50 amps and just 1 5 degrees at 5 amps This means that instantaneous measurements of power are highly accurate regardless of the waveform shape The phase shift characteristics of most other probes on the market are not this good This results in erroneous power and cost measurements and distorted waveforms Please Note To diminish phase shift when measuring small currents it is advisable to clamp onto multiple turns of the same conductor in order to increase the effective current being sensed 9 The HA5 offers two advantages over the HA1000 but these advantages come at a cost Its advantages are that the HA5 is a very small size 5 25 x 2
91. f phase C is selected because there is a Log Details Log Capac ended Time 30 902 days Records 14833 r Select Measurement Set All Clear All Measurements Measurements Set All Clear All InRow InRow ee a Clear All Ave ve E Set An Cl Ma X Total or Neutral Phase A Phase B Phase C Set Clear ve Max Min Al All b Voltage Curent WV ITT H True Power O VA Power mj Power Factor O THD Voltage THD Current Frequency r Time Date Setai Ej E 5 E E E Clear Al T4444 oooo00 oo000 el LL E Beers checkmark in the box that is highlighted in its row and column position As measurement types are added or removed the capacity of the log is affected If fewer variables are saved then each log record is smaller and thus more records can be stored in the log which means that it will take that much longer to fill the log In the example shown there is a capacity of 14 833 records in the log which combined with the logging period of 3 minutes will take 30 9 days to fill up To make quick changes to the measurement types you can use any of the many speed editing boxes that allow setting or clearing all in a column or in a row or of a type When done modifying the measurement types be sure to click OK and then save the new setup to file and or send it to the connected PowerSight Setting Measurement Modes The measurement modes and how to check and modify them have already b
92. f the worst event for each signal the duration of the worst event for each signal and the threshold for each signal e For a high speed transient log the summaries are the same as for the swell dip log except values are in instaneous levels rather than RMS levels f Fora high speed transient waveform the summaries are the same as for a swell dip waveform except the values are in instantaneous levels rather than RMS levels 8 Information specific to the position of the cursor is displayed For instance when the cursor is positioned over a consumption log the data values at that time are presented within parentheses under the signal names in the heading and the time and date stamp at that point and the record number are presented at the upper right within parentheses For swell dip logs and high speed transient logs the number of transients to the left of the cursor is presented unless the cursor is on top of one of the event data points In that case the signal name magnitude duration time and date stamp and event number of that data point are presented Information within parentheses will not be printed out Zooming and Panning Perhaps the most powerful tool of graphical analysis is zooming This feature allows you to expand an area of interest of a graph or 153 waveform so that it fills the screen It also allows you to trim off areas that you don t want displayed for instance you may only want one week
93. f you are making measurements on a DC system then you may choose either Fixed 50 Fixed 60 or Fixed 400 Hz mode When making measurements on a system whose frequency may vary such as a generator or variable frequency drive operate in either 22 200 Hz Variable Frequency or 360 440 Hz Variable Frequency mode When operating in variable frequency measurement mode PowerSight determines the fundamental frequency of the voltage or current that is attached to it every second The fundamental frequency is recorded and is used to determine the true RMS values of all voltages and currents This mode of measurement is only recommended if performing measurements on a system powered by or backed up by a generator or other system whose frequency may vary from standard measurements of the output of a variable frequency drive measurements of a system powered by a utility that does not provide power at a stable standard frequency The variable frequency measurement mode provides accurate true RMS readings of voltage current and power for input frequencies varying from 22 to 200 Hz or from 360 to 440 Hz If even one voltage or current input is in this frequency range 85 PowerSight can also measure the true RMS of DC and rectified signals that are also connected while in this measurement mode It is generally recommended that you operate in one of the fixed frequency modes whenever you can One reason is that there is the pot
94. far more useful measurement is RMS voltage wherein a single number is generated to describe a continuously varying voltage The beauty of RMS voltage is that in power calculations it makes a contribution to power roughly equivalent to a DC voltage of the same magnitude RMS voltage is defined as the square root of 45 the mean of the square of the instantaneous voltage over one 2 F cycle of the fundamental frequency Vrms 2 When measuring DC volts the RMS value is the same as the DC value Voltage crest factor is the ratio of peak voltage of a cycle over the RMS voltage of the same cycle Vcf Vpk Vrms A perfect sine wave has a crest factor of 1 414 v2 Maximum minimum and average voltage in power measurements refers to the maximum minimum and average of RMS voltage measurements during a time of interest For the PS4000 the RMS of every full cycle is measured so these numbers are exact In the PS4000 the present voltage is the summary of the RMS voltage over one second It is the average of the RMS voltages of every cycle during the most recent second A voltage swell or surge is an RMS voltage that exceeds some trigger level A voltage dip or sag is an RMS voltage that falls below some trigger level In the PS4000 the trigger levels can be set to an actual voltage level or as a percent deviation from a normal voltage The RMS calculations for determining swell and dip are performed every 1 2 cycle so
95. g Memory within PowerSight chapter PowerSight Manager Version 3 1T Jun 5 2004 To use PSM to capture a E waveform set and have it T View Atached Sina stored in the connected E a se SEF PowerSight meter click on Remote Conrol at the main menu and then click on the Wave key of the representation of the PowerSight keyboard on the screen When PSM is connected to PowerSight you can also capture a waveform set at any given moment by clicking on the View Attached Signals button on the Main Menu A waveset captured this way is immediately stored in the PC and shown on the screen It does not affect waveform Verson a Ju 52004 sets stored on the Psa I PowerSight meter that is attached Itisa UmtComeaed e Serial Number 41356 E Measurement Overview convenient way of viewing ont 5 Bi S the signals that are attached repeatedly 94 Receiving Stored Consumption Waveforms Waveform sets that are PowerSight Mane gt stored inside of a File Settings Vie Tools Help connected PowerSight can be received by PSM na PowerSight Manager in either of two ways At Ef dae seu the Main Menu you can pis a tt rl il either click on the CETE RE Correct to Ura H ti Receive Data button or Canar UnitConnected on the Data dropdown E Serial Number 41356 button and then Receive B Receive Data TE Data In either case the Wanar
96. g how much capacitance to add to a circuit to bring current into phase with voltage thereby raising the displacement power factor Displacement power factor is 1 00 for a purely resistive load or a DC system and drops down as the reactive power increases True power factor can be determined for each phase and for the total power Terms for these measures are TPFa TPFb TPFe TPFt The total power factor is not the total of these individual power factors it is the ratio of the total true power over the total apparent power Typically all four power factor measurements are similar in magnitude 58 Displacement power factor can be determined for each phase Terms for these measures are DPFa DPFb DPFc There is no such thing as total displacement power factor Typically the displacement power factors of each phase are similar in magnitude In addition the following can be measured for each phase Maximum true or displacement power factor Minimum true or displacement power factor Average true or displacement power factor Present true or displacement power factor Maximum minimum average and present total true power factor can also be measured Finally a measurement related to DPF is displacement phase angle The displacement phase angle is the number of degrees that the current at the fundamental frequency lags the voltage at the fundamental frequency In the absence of harmonics it is the inverse
97. ge Levels Using PSM At the main menu click on Receive Waveform then Receive oon waveset a Set of 7 time coincident 5 OF 1Van waveforms will oa ocr be transferred 3 from PowerSight to PSM and then a dialogue box opens asking you to choose what signals to view Make your primary choice Voltage and your secondary choice Set All Next click on View PowerSight Manager 3ph pp wfm File Edit View Help Now th are slat viewing the voltage 8 cale alel al 2l a waveforms there are File C xx 3ph p several questions that 7 need to be answered First of all is the voltage measurement mode correct If the measurement mode is phase neutral all measurement labels at the top will be Van Vbn and Vcn The first letter after the V is the phase that is connected to and the n stands for neutral If no neutral is connected to PowerSight this measurement is in reference to the neutral point between all the phases that are connected If the measurement mode is phase phase as shown in the example the labels will be Vab Voc and Vca Vab is the voltage potential between the A and B phases 41 Primary Choice Secondary Choice C Voltage and Current 3Von Changing the measurement mode has a large effect on the size of the voltage readings For instance in a three phase 120 volt phase neutral wye system the voltage measurements in phase phase mode will b
98. ger is charging the internal batteries The internal batteries won t operate PowerSight for many hours without assistance Verify that the red charging indicator light is shining through its hole near the DC input jack High speed transients which are independent from the power line frequency may have sufficient size and duration to trigger a swell event Nevertheless their trigger points and capacities are normally set and maintained separately from swell dip events see the Monitoring High speed Transient Events chapter Swell Dip Event Log The swell dip log is a compact text file It contains the basic swell dip event information Timestamp 114 Signal triggered Event type swell or dip Magnitude Duration The timestamp records the date and the time that the event began to the nearest millisecond The signal triggered is simply the name of the signal that had was triggered such as Van The magnitude is the RMS of the 1 2 cycle that had the largest RMS level for swells or the smallest RMS level for dips The duration is how long in milliseconds the event lasted starting with the first Y2 cycle that exceeded the trigger threshold and ending with the first 2 cycle that did not exceed the trigger threshold and was followed by 1 second of not passing the trigger threshold The swell dip event log can be displayed by PSM in three ways text record one line per event placement of magn
99. harmonics through 4500 Hz Current Input Range 0 002 5000 Amps AC or DC with the proper current probe attached With HA5 0 02 5 Amps With HA100 0 1 100 Amps With HA1000 1 1000 Amps 167 With FX3000 10 3000 Amps With FX5000 100 5000 Amps With DC600 5 600 Amps DC Display Range 1ma 6 megamps using input ratios Accuracy 0 1 of reading plus accuracy of probe Measurement Rate Measures every cycle of every input Frequency Response Dependent on current probe attached With HA1000 no de rating of accuracy for harmonics through 4500 Hz Frequency Range DC 22 200 Hz and 360 440 Hz fundamental frequency Accuracy 0 25 Power Energy Cost Power Factor Display Range 1 watt 60 megawatts using input ratios Accuracy 0 5 plus accuracy of current probe Measure Rate RMS calculated for every cycle of every input Harmonic Distortion Range displayed on meter THD and individual harmonics through 25 of all signals 1800 Hz in 22 200 Hz operating modes 360 13 640 Hz in 360 440 operating modes Range displayed with PowerSight Manager software THD and harmonics through 65th 3900 Hz in 22 200 Hz modes 12 400 Hz in 360 440 Hz modes Accuracy To within 1 of fundamental Measure Rate Measure every cycle of every input Swell Dip Detection Measure Rate Measured every 1 2 cycle of every input 168 High speed Transient Detection Measure Rate Measured every 8usec on every
100. ical health field coil faults bearing health eccentricity loose connection problems etc Diagnoses problems with the driven load Detects misalignment unbalance looseness bearing damage belt passing gear meshing gear and belt faults Plain language reporting The reports are clear and organized with checkmark summaries indicating what problems have been detected in each area Extensive database of thousands of motor models listing rotor bars and stator slots allows checking of running speed slip pole passing frequency de rating factor slot counting Predictive maintenance assistance Maintaining a performance history for each motor allows spotting trends indicative of approaching failure Capturing On Line Motor Data To perform the motor diagnostics your PowerSight must have this option loaded into it Viewing the options display on the meter it 160 must present something like HLS4MT7 The T means that AMD has been loaded into your meter Since the option reserves most of the memory within PowerSight you can decide when to enable or disable the option The option can be enabled or disabled via the keypad of PowerSight or via the Data Setup menu of PSM To enable AMD via the keypad press the Admin key repeatedly until the display shows that the Motor Option is Disabled or Enabled Press No Reject to reject the present state and then when it asks Enable Disable Motor Option press Y
101. ions or rejecting entries Incre for incrementing letters or numbers Calibra for setting input ratios and recalibrating the unit Setup for checking if the unit is connected correctly setting trigger thresholds for capturing events logging interval cost of energy on current Admin for identifying serial number hardware software versions installed options or warranty expiration date For changing the time date greeting or 2 current power mode Measure Mode set voltage measurement mode frequency measurement mode power measurement mode Decre for decrementing letters or numbers for moving cursor to the left gt for moving cursor to the right Print this function is not implemented at this time Wave for capturing waveform sets 164 Compatibility Guide Although we attempt to make all products and accessories compatible there are limitations to what devices and versions can work well together The PS4000 must be used with PSM software of at least the 3 1 series Compatibility of the PS4000 with Summit Technolog accessories is as follows PS4000 120ADP a 120ADP discontinued 15KVP 5KVP 5KVP version with ext box CAS3 CASW CHG1 CHG2 CHG3 CHG4 COMM COMM vers with ext box DC600 DC ISO discontinued DFV DXV MEM1 FAO FX3000a FX3000 discontinued FX5000 HA10 discontinued HA100 HA150 discontinued HA1000 HA3000 HA5
102. ip RMS graph log Swell Dip waveforms Each of these recordings will be discussed at length in next few sections 113 The fact that the PS4000 evaluates the RMS value of every 1 2 cycle of every input means that no swells or dips are ever missed and the most precise measurement of their duration is available If thresholds are set swell dip monitoring begins when consumption monitoring begins and continues without interruption While monitoring is in progress asterisks appear on both ends of the bottom line of the display They flash on and off each second to assure you that monitoring is in progress When monitoring stops you are assured that monitoring has ended by the absence of the flashing asterisks After you direct PowerSight to stop monitoring all the information remains available to you in the swell dip log the RMS graph log and the swell dip waveform captures that are in PowerSight The data is preserved even if the unit is turned off and on repeatedly The contents of the various data logs are not displayed on PowerSight s display To obtain this information it must be uploaded from PowerSight to your computer using the PSM software The data is recorded into files in a plain text format that may be easily imported into spreadsheets databases and word processors In addition PSM has extensive graphing and printing capabilities Please Note Before you start monitoring verify that PowerSight s wall char
103. it rises above the trigger threshold again within 1 second In that case the swell is considered to be continuing still 119 A dip occurs when the RMS value of 1 2 cycle falls below the trigger level on any signals that have checkmarks preceding them For instance if the Voltage Dips threshold is set for 475 VRMS ph ph and Vab has a PowerSight Manac checkmark in front of it and Eie Setinas Vie the RMS value of any 2 cycle of Vab falls to 474 9 Setup PowetSigh Manage VRMS ph ph or lower then Eff vse seup ie the threshold will have been a Setup Unt passed and triggering will Fy see have started When the sete aE voltage in this example rises Pereis ithe mutt S to slightly more than 475 lle peres sal Warranty Ends 05 25 05 VRMS ph ph the dip will View Pag For Use With PSM 3 1 Serial Comm enabled have ended unless it falls below the trigger threshold again within 1 second In that case the dip is considered to be continuing If you wish to capture inrush current graphs enter a swell current threshold slightly above the normal running level for current This will cause a swell event to be triggered when the inrush starts and it ensures that the event is considered ended when the normal running state is reached It should be noted that you generally will not want to select the neutral current In if you are also triggering on other currents This is because the neutral current is typically much smal
104. its button To change the number of minutes or seconds simply change the number to what you want When you are satisfied you can save the custom setup to a file or send it to the attached PowerSight Setting Measurement Types In addition to the measurement types listed in the default data log the following measurement types can be included in each record of a custom data log average true power of all phases combined 109 maximum true power of all phases combined minimum true power of all phases combined average apparent power of all phases combined maximum apparent power of all phases combined minimum apparent power of all phases combined average true power factor of all phases combined maximum true power factor of all phases combined minimum true power factor of all phases combined THD of voltage in phase A THD of voltage in phase B THD of voltage in phase C THD of current in phase A THD of current in phase B THD of current in phase C THD of current in neutral To inspect or change the measurement types look to the Storage section of z the Data Setup menu and click on the m Detail button below the Log of C Detail Consumption line m Monitoring Activities Selecting which measurement types to add or remove from the log setup is as simple as clicking on the box next to the measurement type In the illustration shown you can see that the average power factor o
105. itude vs calendar timeframe placement of duration vs calendar timeframe The text record allows for quickly spotting certain trends such as the problem always being with the same signal or the problem is always a dip event 04 20 03 04720703 The placement of magnitude and or duration vs calendar timeframe allows spotting times of day that events occur and noticing if events are of similar durations and noticing if events are of similar magnitudes To view magnitude vs time click on the magnitude icon To view duration vs time click on the duration icon 115 Current Stability Test Tb Swells 12 events max 10 Arms 3349 msecs Trigger Thresholds 1208 03 16 58 42 338752 Voltage swells 140 0 rms dips 110 0 rms Tb Dips 5 events min 0 Arms 200 msecs Current swells 2 0 Arms dips 0 0 Arms 12 08 03 18 03 30 582784 25 00 22 50 20 00 17 50 15 00 12 50 10 00 Current amps RMS 7 50 5 00 2 50 0 00 4 2 i 4 16 33 38 17 19 23 18 05 08 18 50 53 19 36 38 20 22 23 16 56 30 17 42 15 18 28 00 19 13 4 19 39 33 12 08 03 12 08 12708 12708 12708 12708 12708 12708 12708 12708 12708 Swell Dip RMS Graph Log Each record of the Swell Dip RMS graph log is a recording of the RMS level of the signal starting 2 cycles before the trigger threshold is passed and continuing for 48 cycles or until the first 1 2 cycle that did not exceed the trigger threshold and was followed by 1 sec
106. ler than the other phase currents and needs to have different trigger thresholds When all the trigger levels are set correctly you may save the data setup to a file or to a connected PowerSight Receiving Swell Dip Data from PowerSight To receive swell dip data from PowerSight the PowerSight unit must be connected to a computer running PSM At the main menu of PSM the green Unit Connected Status box must be displayed At the Main Menu you can either click on the Receive Data button or on the Data dropdown button and then Receive Data In either case the Receive Data menu will open and all the 120 different types of data files in the connected PowerSight will be displayed Make sure that there is a check in the box before the line Swells and Dips in the Data Types to Receive section Next look in the tabular section for swell dip files that you wish to receive Swell dip log files will have a Data Type name of Swell Dip Log and a To File name ending with slg Swell dip RMS graph files will have a Data Type name of Swell Dip RMS Graph and a To File name ending with rlg Swell dip waveform files will have a Data Type name starting with Swell on or Dip on and a To File name ending with swm Make sure that the box at the start of the line is checked and then saree a click on Receive Seok oO Le and View to fod transfer the data __feectere file
107. lick on File and then View Consumption 95 Data Any of these approaches will result in the View Consumption Data screen being shown In the Types to View section click on Stored Waveforms if necessary to select that choice A list will appear of all wavesets located in the directory Types to View PowerSight Manager Version 31T Jun 5 2004 Ps4000 Setup Communications Roche ant Seisi Nuber 41355 pe Receive Data ieee ae pad Warranty Ends 05 25 05 Frac View Consumption For Use With PSM 3 1 ca Data Serial Comm enabled Datalogging enabled ie i Harmonics enabled View Swell Dip Data ae EAE EE View Transient Data p shown in the Look In box If you wish to look in a different directory use the standard Windows methods for changing the directory that is shown Next select a specific waveset by double clicking on it When you select a waveset to view the Select Signals to View window pops open zix You make a Primary Choice r Secondary Choice primary choice of Vokege G ivan Set Al Cancel voltage current or C Curent even Clear Al Ext voltage and current Waage and Curent 3V en i and then you make a secondary choice of which phase or phases to view then click on OK ese EERS EEES i x j 96 There is a wealth of features related to viewing and analyzing waveforms Vol
108. minute it will take 1000 minutes for PowerSight to fill the data log Each record of the log will contain the maximum minimum and average of 60 seconds of measurements 10 How do I use the Data Setup feature of PSM See the Data Setup wizard on your installation CD for a step by step walkthrough or refer to the chapter on Custom Consumption Data Logging 11 How often should have my PowerSight calibrated We recommend that you have the PowerSight calibrated once every year We also recommend that all voltage and current probes be sent in with the unit for calibration 12 Can I use other manufacturers current probes with PowerSight Unfortunately no Only current probes made by Summit Technology can be used with the PowerSight Products This is because all of our probes are self identifying This means the user does not have to use an input ratio to use the probes If there is a special need to use a certain probe let us know at support powersight com 13 How do I measure voltages above 600 volts AC You must use our High Voltage probes to directly measure above 600 Volts You can use either the 5kVP or the 15kVP Also see How to Measure 4160V Service on the installation CD for more information Alternatively you can hook up to metering PTs and enter their ratios into PowerSight in order to record the primary voltage 158 14 Why won t my PS4000 run on a LDC line to DC converter for more than 6 8
109. monitoring all the information remains available to you in the data log that is in PowerSight The contents of the data log are not displayed on PowerSight s display To obtain the information it must be uploaded from PowerSight to your computer using the PSM software The data is recorded into a file in a plain text format that may be easily imported into spreadsheets databases and word processors In addition PSM has extensive graphing and printing capabilities Only one data log exists within PowerSight at any given time Thus while logging of consumption is proceeding the data log is growing by one record after each log interval When logging is stopped the data log no longer grows but it is still available The data is preserved even if the unit is turned on and off repeatedly While monitoring is in progress asterisks appear on both ends of the bottom line of the display They flash on and off each second to assure you that monitoring is in progress When monitoring stops you are assured that monitoring has ended by Wee the absence of the flashing asterisks Please Note Before you start monitoring verify that PowerSight s wall charger is charging the internal batteries The internal batteries won t operate PowerSight for many hours without assistance Verify that the red charging indicator light is shining through its hole near the DC input jack Basic Consumption Data Logging The basic PowerSight unit logs asp
110. ms A Poem I Swell Dip Log None Records The Monitoring Activities I Swell Dip RMS Graph None gt Graphs section lists all the types of I Swell Dip Waveforms None E Wavefoms storage to allocate memory I Log Transients None Records to I Transient Waveforms None v Waveforms Reallocate Memory 79 unallocated First make sure that the categories of interest are checked and make sure that there are no checkmarks in front of categories that you do not want using memory Next observe the quantities that are allocated to the activities of interest If you wish to change one click on the quantity and make a new selection At the bottom of the section the percentage of memory that is still unallocated is shown This number must be positive or equal to zero If there is a problem with having enough memory to support the number of records graphs and waveforms that you want to be able to record you have several options First you can click on the Details button under Log of Consumption in order to eliminate unneeded variables from the consumption data log This will allow the same amount of memory to hold more consumption records and therefore last more time If you are saving the variables that you need to but still don t have enough memory click on the Reallocate Memory button at the bottom of the Monitoring Activities section 132 Clicking on the Reallocate Memory
111. n log That would allow for 10 data points in each column of the graph When PowerSight is at the site where it will be used 1 Hook up the voltage leads and current probes to the circuit being monitored referring to the appropriate diagrams of the Connecting to PowerSight chapter Insert the power plug into the 12VDC jack at the end of the meter as described in the Connecting to Power section Power for the meter will come from a wall charger or from an LDC line to DC converter If you have an LDC4 accessory attach its leads as shown in the Connecting to Line To DC LDC Converter Accessory section If you are going to monitor just a few hours and the meter s internal battery is fully charged you can skip this step Turn PowerSight on Enter PSM and note that PSM has successfully connected to PowerSight This will be clear by the box on the main menu with the words Unit Connected appearing within a large green banner Note that the box also says Serial Comm enabled and Datalogging enabled 147 We recommend that you either run through the checkout connections feature explained in the Checking out Connections using PowerSight section or take a snapshot of the waveforms and look at them for errors if you have a computer handy as described in the Checking out Connections using PSM section If you intend to have PowerSight start monitoring by direct command via the keypad or via PSM this is the time to d
112. ncre or Decre until the digit 7 j j is what you wish it to be Do E oyote paia panoi all this for each digit you wish to d i m change and then press the Yes Accept key to save the new time or date Gie am eee Ga Ga nemu O Power sight Spikes Harmonics More Incre Calibra Setup w Yes No Accept Reject 2 ie Changing the initial display or greeting is accomplished by using lt or gt and Incre and Decre to modify individual characters This approach although tedious is effective in customizing the instrument for your use If the PC Control Analysis Option is available the greeting may be quickly typed directly into the PC and then sent to PowerSight via the communications cable When repeatedly pressing Incre the sequence that a character goes through is A gt B gt C gt gt X gt Y gt Z gt gt a gt b gt C gt gt x gt y gt Z gt 0 gt 1 gt 2 gt gt 7 gt 8 gt 9 gt gt gt 1 gt j gt gt gt gt gt gt amp Pressing Decre modifies the character in the opposite direction The communications rate can be changed from 9600 to 19200 to 38400 to 57600 to 115200 bits per second by repeatedly pressing No Reject Pressing Yes Accept accepts whatever rate is displayed Generally 57600 bps works under all circumstances Enabling Disabling the 2 current approach also known as the 2 wattmeter power method is left at the end of the choices since it is unlikely to e
113. nnecting to Line To DC LDC Converter Accessory cce 27 Measuring Multiple Parallel Conductors cc cccceescecseesseseseeeceeeseeeees 29 Measuring Currents Below the Range of the Current Probe 31 Turning PowerSight ON eeeeeeeeseeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeneeeeeeeees 32 CONNECTING tO POWED ou eeeceecesescsseseseeceseccseeeesescsececaeecacacsececaeeeeateceeeeeates 32 Turning PowerSight ON ccecececcssesesesseseseseeeesesceeceeseneeatseeecesaeeeeeeeeaeeees 33 Turning PowerSight Off ccecccssesessesesesceeceseseeececseneeseseeecenateeeeeeeneeees 33 Checking out Connections Using PowerSight sss 34 Importance of Checking Connections and Wiring cccceeeeeeeeees 34 Checking Voltage Levels Using Checkout Connections 36 Check Voltage Phase Sequence Using Checkout Connections 37 Checking Current Levels Using Checkout Connections 38 Checking Phase Sequence Using Checkout Connections 39 Checking Phase Lag Angle Using Checkout Connections 40 Checking out Connections using PSM sssseeeeeteeeeeeeees 41 Checking Voltage Levels Using PSM ceeceeeeseceseeseseteteeseeeeeeeerens 41 Check Voltage Phase Sequence Using PSM cccccscceseteeseseeees 42 Checking Current Levels Using PSM ccccccccsseseseeeeseseseeseseseeeerens 43 Checking Pha
114. noticing if events are of similar magnitudes To view teow transient magnitude vs time click on the magnitude icon To view transient duration vs time click on the duration icon Transient Event Waveforms Transient event waveforms are detailed records of the waveform of a transient event They last 50 msec starting one Ot natant sm cycle before the transient wa tai event occurred These files are very data intensive and therefore a limited number of them should be recorded The waveforms can be graphed in order to better P oa understand the transient event Important information is at the top The signal name the timestamp of when the transient threshold was reached the width of the transient and the peak value of the transient either in absolute terms or in relative terms 25 000 15 009 50 s0 15 000 25 000 20 000 10 000 0 000 10 000 20 000 125 to the underlying periodic waveform depending on which threshold was triggered are RETTAR listed In addition moving the cursor over the graph results in the instantaneous voltage or current of that point being displayed in the heading Whatever is seen can be zoomed in on and can be printed Setting the Transient Trigger Thresholds in PowerSight Press Setup key twice The display will be Check Trigger Levels Press Yes Accept The present setting for voltage swell will be displayed Press Yes Accept twice to advance to the absolute tra
115. nsient voltage trigger setting If you wish to change it press No Reject The display will be Would you like a suggestion If you press Yes Accept it will suggest a trigger 5 above what seems to be the normal voltage that you are connected to at that time If you press No Reject it allows you to use the keypad to enter an RMS value of your choice Press Yes Accept when you are done Following this the relative transient voltage trigger level is displayed Press No Reject if you wish to change it The display will be Would you like a suggestion If you press Yes Acceptl it will suggest a trigger of 10 of the peak of the voltage that you are connected to at that time or 10Vpk whichever is higher If you press No Reject it allows you to use the keypad to enter an instantaneous voltage level of your choice Press Yes Accept when you are done To skip over checking the swell dip trigger levels for current press Yes Accept twice The present setting for absolute current transient will be displayed This value does not apply to neutral current Press No Reject if you wish to change it The display will be Would you like a suggestion If you press Yes Acceptl it will suggest a trigger 50 above what seems to be the peak current level that you are connected to at that time If you press No Reject it allows you to use the keypad to enter an 126 instantaneous current value of your choice Press Yes Acc
116. ntervals and making sure that total power is being logged in the consumption log When logging is completed graph the consumption log and choose to present total power Observe at what point the average total power is at its peak This point is the peak demand period Put your cursor over it and observe the timestamp of the beginning of the peak demand period at the upper right of the graph To find the peak demand observe the average total power in watts at the point of the peak demand period The more direct method of determining the peak demand and the peak demand period is to run the Report Generator program see Generating a Report and select Peak Demand in the list of variables to report on The report will list the peak demand period the peak average demand in Watts the peak VA demand period and the peak average VA 69 Frequency Measurements Any periodic waveform has a basic rate at which it repeats itself This is the fundamental frequency of the waveform expressed in units of Hertz or cycles second The fundamental repeating waveform is called a cycle and is usually expressed in degrees 360 degrees to complete one cycle Some frequency measurements of interest are Present frequency Maximum frequency Minimum frequency Average frequency The present frequency is the average frequency of all of the cycles of the most recent second The maximum frequency is the frequency of the shortest cycle fastest repea
117. o PSM and immediately start looking at the data Or click on the Receive Only button to simply receive the data log Viewing Consumption Logs To select a consumption log to view PISS S ae he at the main menu click on View Consumption Data or click on pe Eene Manoao View and then View Consumption Fo ew z 7 H PR Setup Unit I gt Connect to Unit Data or click on File and then E View Consumption Data Any of Cime y 7 Receive or View Data nit these approaches will result in the E pumas Sar Serial Comm enabled Datalogging enabled i Harmonics enabled View Swell Dip Data Memey E sended View Consumption Data screen EED Waranty Ends 05 25 05 J Data being shown In the Types to View section click on Data Log if necessary to select that choice A list will appear of all consumption logs located in the directory shown in the Look In box If you wish to look in a different directory use the standard Windows methods for changing the directory that is shown Next select a specific consumption log by double clicking on it View Transient Data When you select a consumption log to view the Select Signals to View window pops open You must make a primary choice of what type of measurement you wish to view such as Voltage Current or True grew E Power and then make a pa cesar ee e al ee eae secondary choice of which C Te Pon
118. o it Otherwise it will start when the programmed start time occurs When satisfied that all is correct download waveset1 from PowerSight see the Receiving Stored Consumption Waveforms section giving it a unique filename so you have a record of the signals just prior to starting logging Waveset1 is stored inside PowerSight automatically when you start monitoring When you are done logging capture another set of waveforms giving it a unique name Combining this waveset with the one that was captured when logging began gives a before and after picture of the power for use in later presentations or as a troubleshooting aid if the data log appears to contain bad data 148 Working with Graphs and Waveforms General It is important to us to allow you to work with and manipulate the various graphs and waveform presentations in PSM We try to make the features that accomplish this look and feel the same throughout the program so you can handle all waveforms and graphs in the same way as much as possible This is one of the areas in which we continually improve the product and our software updates will allow you to benefit from these improvements over time This section presents the general methods we have for analyzing manipulating and presenting the data The Viewing Consumption Waveforms section presents additional material that relates just to waveforms The types of analysis and manipulation features are Selection of signals to
119. o neutral If you change the measurement mode to phase phase Vab will be the hot to hot voltage that serves the high power appliance Connecting to Three Phase Four Wire Wye Power Figure 6 presents the recommended Neutral connections to a three phase Saree a a system with cPhase oy voltages all referenced to Ve Vb Va neutral a phase neutral or three phase four wire PowerSight wye configuration A Be sure to follow the safety warnings of the previous sections before making the connections Although the current of each phase is carried by neutral neutral current is generally relatively small since the currents of the 3 phases largely cancel each other in the neutral leg In a perfectly balanced system the current in neutral would be zero Fig 6 Recommended Three Phase Wye Connections In a wye system each phase is essentially independent of each other For this reason the power factor of each phase has direct meaning but the total power factor is less meaningful Most commercial wiring and newer industrial wiring is in this wye configuration 19 Connecting to Three Phase Three Wire Delta Power Figure 7 presents the recommended connections to a z Phasey three phase system with voltages referenced to each other instead of to Powersignt neutral This is a delta phase phase or three phase three wire configuration Be sure to follow the safety
120. of a 30 day log displayed for printing There are multiple ways to zoom in on an area of interest The easiest is to position your cursor at the upper left corner of the area you wish to expand and then left click and hold down and drag the cursor to the lower right As you drag the cursor a box will appear on the screen and it will grow as you move the curson down and to the right When you release the mouse s left button the area that was within the screen will expand to fill the screen Other ways to zoom in are to click on the zoom in icon a magnifier with a on it or to click on View and then Zoom In or to type on the keyboard and then do the same click hold and drag operation that was previously described To zoom out you can click on the ZoomOut icon the magnifier with a on it or you can right click and click on Zoom Out or you can click on View and then Zoom Out The examples below are of a log of true power of an air 303 Zoom In and Zoom Out icons are circled The example on the left does a good job of communicating the overall operation of the air handling unit that was being monitored There is a circled area of special interest in this graph where the power has several repetitive peaks The example on the right does a good job of focusing in on this area of particular interest The example on the left above showing the full log has several features
121. oing harmonic content analyzing temporary changes in RMS voltage and current levels and in analyzing instantaneous high speed non RMS voltage and current transients Swells also known as surges dips also known as sags and current inrushes are temporary changes in RMS values that are outside of anorm This chapter is about monitoring swells dips and inrushes Although these events are transitory we do not refer to them as transients in this manual When we refer to transients we are referring to high speed instantaneous events see the Monitoring High speed Transient Events chapter An inrush is typically a large increase in RMS current that subsides as the load stabilizes A dip is typically a drop in RMS amplitude due to a sudden load change A swell is typically a rise in RMS amplitude due to a dropping off of load In all cases the way they are defined and he way they are captured is by defining RMS trigger levels It can be useful to set trigger levels that are specific amplitudes such as 30 amps or 130 volts PowerSight and PSM supports this approach Since these events do not occur regularly if they occur at all they are only recorded by PowerSight when they occur Therefore when allocating capacity to the various logs and waveforms there is no definite way to judge how much capacity will be needed There are three types of recordings of swell dip events that may be used Swell Dip Event log Swell D
122. oltage and current measurements are assumed to be zero for that second This scanning feature allows the user to connect and disconnect PowerSight to various signals without concerning himself with the source of the frequency measurement It is important to monitor frequency at installations where the frequency may vary If an instrument makes the wrong assumption about the fundamental frequency all voltages currents powers etc will be inaccurate Frequency Measurements in PSM The consumption data log can record maximum minimum and average frequency PowerSight determines which input channel is the source of this measured fundamental frequency When graphed the summary values at the top of the screen are the maximum minimum and average of all the values shown on the screen When viewing consumption waveforms if a harmonic analysis is presented the fundamental frequency is presented The measurements of frequency presented on the PS4000 can also be displayed in PSM by using the remote control feature In addition our Report Generator software will present maximum minimum and average frequency during any one or two intervals of time set by the user If two time intervals are chosen it will report the percent change and the actual change between the two intervals For instance if a comparison report is chosen and the average frequency is 48 0 Hz during the first interval and 47 8 Hz during the second interval then the repor
123. oltage or current probes are probably switched If the delays are the same for all phases but they are more than 90 degrees then the current probes are probably not matched to the correct voltages probes and will need to be moved without changing the phase sequence 44 Measurement Types Voltage Measurements Voltage is the difference in electromotive potential between two points Simply stated it is the force that generates current flow and to measure voltage two points of connection are required In AC circuits this force measured in volts usually varies continuously and always reverses direction In DC circuits it is usually steady and never reverses direction If the voltage changes in a repeating fashion then it is called a periodic function All AC power distribution is based on voltage changing at a periodic rate There are several key voltage measurements Instantaneous voltage Peak voltage RMS voltage Voltage crest factor Maximum voltage Minimum voltage Average voltage Present voltage Voltage swell surge Voltage dip sag Voltage transient The instantaneous voltage is simply the voltage present between two points at an instant of time When the voltage is graphed over time the graph is called the voltage waveform The peak voltage Vpk is the instantaneous voltage of the greatest magnitude either positive or negative over a period of time A measure that changes continuously is of limited use A
124. ond of not passing the trigger threshold The record has timestamp and File corcelasSawlaresh cle the RMS levels pose isan of each 12 ee Od pa ae aca cycle during the duration of the event These records are typically not too data intensive so they do not require an excessive amount of memory 116 Each record of the swell dip RMS graph log can be graphed for overall viewing of the event Key data is listed above the graph The time at which the trigger occurred the duration the signal name and the magnitude are all listed The graph displays RMS values of each 1 2 cycle for the entire length of the event The graph can be zoomed in on and can be printed The swell dip event RMS data log is recorded as tab delimited text so it can be imported into Excel for custom analysis Swell Dip Event Waveforms Swell Dip Waveforms are detailed records of the waveform of a swell dip event They start 2 cycles before the event and continue for 10 cycles These files are very data intensive and therefore a limited number of them should be recorded The waveforms can be graphed in order to better understand the swell dip event Important i Kido information is at the top The signal name the timestamp of when the event occurred the magnitude of the event and the duration of the event are listed In addition moving the cursor over the graph results in the voltage or current of that point being displa
125. or In and each jack is similarly labeled la Ib Ic or In The la and In probes plug into the left side of the unit The lb and Ic probes plug into the right side of the unit When plugging a current probe into PowerSight the flat side of the plug should be faced upwards so the label is readable This will align it properly for plugging into the PowerSight case Clamp on probes have a correct orientation in which to attach them On most probes head there will be an arrow pointing in the direction of the conductor being measured When clamped onto la Ib or Ic the arrow should point along the conductor from the power source towards the load If the current probe is connected backwards its waveform will appear upside down when you upload waveforms it may be slightly less accurate in its current readings and most importantly if you operate in positive negative power measurement mode power readings will be disastrously wrong 12 Introduction to Power Delivery Configurations Figure 1 presents most common power ellvery A N B configurations A Single Phase PowerSight is able to Two Phase 7 measure voltage A current power power factor and more for all of these A 5 B Three Phase our VVire e systems Figure 1A C Three Phase i presents the normal ee ie Delta single phase and A two phase service as found in a residential service In North tn e EC B America Van and D Three Phase E Three Phase o
126. or each second will be displayed and recorded each second The measurements of voltage presented on PowerSight can also be displayed in PSM by using the remote control feature In addition our Report Generator software will present maximum minimum and average voltage of each phase during any one or two intervals of time set by the user If two time intervals are chosen it will report the percent change and the actual change between the two intervals For instance if a comparison report is chosen and Vab average is 480 V during the first interval and 478 V during the second interval then the report would show Betore aner units Change Change The total harmonic distortion THD of voltages is displayed using the THD function discussed later in this chapter 49 Current Measurements Current is the flow of charged particles usually electrons through a point Current is measured in units of amps which is short for amperes and its symbol is commonly I In AC circuits current often varies continuously and always reverses direction In DC circuits it is usually steady and never reverses direction If the current changes in a repeating fashion then it is called a periodic function There are several key current measurements Instantaneous current Peak current RMS current Current crest factor Maximum current Minimum current Average current Present current Current inrush swell or surge Current dip sag
127. oubleshooting amp Frequently Asked Questions FAQ 156 Advanced Motor Diagnostics Option cccccccssssseseeeeeeeees 160 INTFOCUCTION ssesssscssssssssessessescsessesecsessssecsessesessessesessessesessesseseeserses 160 Capturing On Line Motor Data csscscssssscsssssssesessesssssssssseees 160 Frequency Analysis Option c s seeeeeeeeeeseeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeenneees 162 Overview of the Keypad Functions ccccccsssesseseeeeeeees 163 Compatibility Guide cccccccesssseseeeeeeeeeeeeseeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeees 165 Specifications igiiur ak ints eee 167 Introducing PowerSight Congratulations on your decision to buy a PowerSight 4000 You have just purchased one of the smallest and yet most powerful instruments for measuring and analyzing electric power that exists The PS4000 is a complete solution for the measurement and analysis of all aspects of power High speed transient analysis Swell Dip analysis Harmonics analysis Demand analysis Data logging Automated report writing Wiring and system analysis a o o o The philosophy of the product is to give you an instrument that answers your questions about electric power in a truly convenient size at an attractive price If you are looking for a simple yet powerful tool that can be easily and reliably installed and operated one that provides for comprehensive data analysis you ve found your tool of first choice Whether
128. r P T TPF or TPF When this ratio is less than 1 00 app 57 then reactive power is present Reactive power may be the result of current lagging voltage due to the inductance of the circuit It may also be the result of delayed harmonic currents that result form small driving harmonic voltages A typical electronic load may have a power factor of 0 70 and yet the current may be perfectly in phase with the voltage No amount of capacitance can raise this power factor in fact it will lower it However when harmonics are not present the true power factor turns out to be equal to the cosine of the angle of phase lag of the current No amount of harmonic filtering will raise this power factor because it has no relationship to harmonics True power factor is 1 00 for a purely DC system Displacement power factor is actually not a power factor measurement It is the cosine of the number of degrees that the current of the fundamental frequency lags the voltage of the fundamental frequency DPF cos where is the phase lag of current To do this measurement properly PowerSight uses Fast Fourier Transform FFT analysis to separate the harmonic currents and voltages from the fundamental current and voltage and to do a precise measurement of the angle between those fundamentals The resulting phase angle is then transformed using its inverse cosine to obtain the displacement power factor This value is useful for decidin
129. r web site or via email Next click on Tools on the main menu of PSM and then click Firmware Upgrade The Firmware Upgrade window will pop up Locate the firmware upgrade file and then click on Upgrade The process will take about 2 minutes at 57 6 kbps For detailed instructions examine the application note UpgradingFirmware paf located on your installation CD Setting up Administrative Features of PowerSight via PSM As a convenience several of the administrative settings of PowerSight can be set within PSM At the main menu with a PowerSight meter connected click on Setup Unit and the Setup Unit window will pop up The present personal greeting date and time and KWH cost rate will be displayed Simply make any 144 changes that you wish and then click OK The changes will be made to the attached PowerSight A very important feature is the ability to synchronize the time of the connected PowerSight to the xi time of the PC This is nice for a 5 RT quickly and accurately setting the Linel a time but it is also very important J an for synchronizing multiple rechnobges Help PowerSight units in order to correlate logs and events from eee es se several units located at different eae fee foo points at a site It also results in Unit nice presentations of logs from js site surveys when all units are a as programmed to start monitoring at the same moment and their graphs reflect
130. ranty Table of Contents Introducing PowerSight cccccccessseeseseeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeenens 7 Connecting to PowerSight cccccccssssessseeeeeeeeeeeeeeeseeeeeeeeeeeeens 8 Voltage Test Lead cccc cc siescceusesssnssteescseneesensencescoceneesenseneesenceneeseveabensens 8 Current Probes ciconia parann a A inaierainnennes 9 Connections to PowerSight s sessessssesesessssesesresesrsssseseeresesrseseserresesrsse 11 Introduction to Power Delivery Configurations s sssssssesesesesseseseeee 13 Connecting to Single phase Power cceeseseeeeseecseeseseeeeeeeeseeeeeesenees 15 Connecting to 120 V Outlet Adapter BoX ceecececeeeeeeseseseeseseeeeeeens 16 Connecting to Multiple Single phase LOadS ceeseseeeeeseeseeteeeesees 17 Connecting to Split Phase Two Phase Power ceceeceeseeeeees 18 Connecting to Three Phase Four Wire Wye POWET eeee 19 Connecting to Three Phase Three Wire Delta Power 006 20 Connecting to Three Phase Four Wire Delta Power ccccceeeees 21 Connecting to Three Phase Grounded Delta Powe cccccseees 21 Connections Using 2 Current Approach cc eeceeeeceseseeseseseseeeeeeeeeeeeens 22 Connections To a3 CT 3 PT Metering Circuit ee eeeeeeeeeeeee 23 Connections To a 2 CT 2 PT Metering Circuit ee eeeeeeeeeeeeee 26 Connections To an Open Delta 8CT 2PT Metering Circuit 27 Co
131. re more measurement types than the default set of 52 The maximum minimum and average of total true power of total VA power and of total true power factor are not defaults but the averages are derived by PSM from the individual phases when the log is displayed The seven THD measurements three voltage phases plus three current phases plus neutral current are also not defaults To change the selected variables from the default the Data Setup feature of PSM must be used see Setting Measurement Types The log setup does not change when the unit is turned off The default setup can be recovered at any time refer to the Custom Consumption Data Logging chapter With the default setup the log will contain 4540 records Coupled with the default 3 minute log interval the default data log will hold summary data for the last 9 5 days of energy consumption 3 minutes x 4540 If 15 minute log intervals are used the data log will hold the summary data for the last 47 3 days of logging If logging continues long enough to fill the data log the default is for each new record to be written over the oldest record of the log In this way you could leave a unit logging unattended for months and always have the most recent data available for analysis To have logging stop when the log is full or to set a programmed start 103 or stop time refer to the Custom Consumption Data Logging chapter Receiving Consumption Data Log from PowerSight
132. reaches that time and date monitoring is stopped Time and Capacity Measurements in PowerSight These various time and capacity measurements are displayed by pushing the Time and or More key repeatedly as shown below In any display except Time once each S seconds y Present Date ie or tors Elapsed Time _once each 6 seconds Elapsed Date Fina or er Time to FillLog Once each 6 seconds Records Used Total ie or or Monitoring Start Time once each 6 seconds Monitoring Start Date Fine or or Programmed Start Time once each 6 seconds programmed Start Date ina or tor Programmed Stop Time once each 6 seconds g Programmed Stop Date User Interface for Time and Capacity Measurements 75 Time and Capacity Measurements in PSM The Data Setup window allows you to review and change many of the time and capacity measurements The time capacity of the consumption log the record capacity of all the logs and the programmed start and stop time of monitoring if one exists can be reviewed and changed The number of records used in any of the log types can be determined by attempting to receive the log data from an attached PowerSight The measurements of time and capacity presented on the PS4000 can also be displayed in PSM by using the remote control feature Harmonic Measurements French mathematician Jean Baptiste Fourier determined 150 years ago that any periodic waveform can be mathematically
133. rement mode the average RMS current of each phase and neutral for each second will be displayed and recorded each second If in phase phase voltage measurement mode the average RMS current of each phase for each second will be displayed and recorded each second The measurements of current presented on PowerSight can also be displayed in PSM by using the remote control feature In addition our Report Generator software will present maximum minimum and average current of each phase and neutral during any one or two intervals of time set by the user If two time intervals are chosen it will report the percent change and the actual change between the two intervals For instance if a comparison report is chosen and la average is 48 0 A during the first interval and 47 8 A during the second interval then the report would show Betore aner Unts cnange Change Current A phase Avg 48 0 47 8 amps 0 2 0 4 The total harmonic distortion THD and K factor of currents is displayed using the THD function discussed later in this chapter Power Measurements There are three basic interrelated measurements of power True power Apparent power Reactive power Apparent power is defined as the sum of the products of the RMS currents and their associated RMS voltages P VA Van X Ld ing VON ig X brns VCN ngs X LC ms app rms In other words if you measure the RMS voltage measured in volts and the RMS current
134. rge is an RMS current that exceeds some trigger level A current dip or sag is an RMS current that falls below some trigger level In the PS4000 the trigger levels can be set to an actual current level or as a percent deviation from a normal current The RMS calculations for determining swell and dip are performed every 12 cycle so these measurements are exact When we speak of a current transient we are speaking of an instantaneous current that exceeds a trigger level An absolute trigger level is an instantaneous level that includes the underlying periodic waveform A relative trigger level is an instantaneous level that has the underlying periodic waveform removed In the PS4000 trigger levels can be set for both relative and absolute current transient levels Current Measurements in PowerSight PowerSight performs all commonly desired measurements of current The RMS root mean square currents of the A B and C phases and of the neutral line are available by simply pressing Current repeatedly The sequence of the display is la gt lb gt Ic gt In If energy consumption is being monitored the maximum minimum and average RMS current is displayed by repeatedly pressing More after displaying the appropriate present current In this way by combining the Current and More keys there are 16 RMS current measurements available 51 Pe OL er eJ eee More More In avg User Interface for Current Measurements
135. riate power type In this way by combining the Power and More keys there are 12 power measurements available 55 Any Display Other Than Power True More Max True More Min True More Avg True VA More Max VA More Min VA More Avg VA User Interface for Power Measurements For instance if the maximum reactive power is desired press Power to display watts Power to display VAR and then More to display maximum reactive power Power Measurements in PSM The consumption data log can record maximum minimum and average true power and apparent power for each phase for each logging period In addition is can record the maximum minimum and average true or apparent total power When graphed the VAR can be displayed The summary values at the top of the screen are the maximum minimum and average of all the values shown on the screen When viewing consumption waveforms the average true power of the cycles of the waveforms are shown at the top right if both voltage and current were recorded If all phases are displayed only the total true power is displayed at the top right Ifa harmonic analysis of a phase is displayed the true power of that phase is also displayed 56 If trending data is being recorded and in phase phase voltage measurement mode the average true power and average apparent power of each phase will be displayed and recorded If in phase phase voltage measurement mode the total true power
136. rmonic Measurements in PowerSight sceeececesseseseeeseeeeeteeeeees 78 Harmonic Measurements in PSM uu cccccccccsssesscscscesscsescessceesececeeseeeees 78 Swells Surges and Inrush Measurements ccccceseceseescseeteceeneeees 79 Dips Sags Measurement ss sesssesesresesessesesterestsrsesesreresrsresrsessesesreres 80 High Speed Transient Measurements ccecececceseseeeeeeseseeseeeseeeeeees 80 Measurement Modes cccccccsssseeeeeeeeeeeeeeseseeeneeeeeeeeeeeeesenees 82 Introducing Measurement Modes cesecsseseeecneeeeeeneeseeeeseereneeseenens 82 Phase Neutral vs Phase Phase vs 2 Current Mode ceeeeeees 82 Changing the Voltage Measurement Mode in PowerSight 84 Changing the Voltage Measurement Mode in PSM cceeeeeeees 84 50 60 400Hz vs DC vs Variable Frequency ccceseeseeeeseeeteeseseseeees 85 Changing the Frequency Measurement Mode in PowerSigh1 86 Changing the Frequency Measurement Mode in PSM cccceee 87 Always Positive Power versus Negative Power Allowed l 87 Changing the Power Measurement Mode in PowerSight 06 88 Changing the Power Measurement Mode in PSM ccecccseseesereeees 89 Defining INPUTS eanna a a aia 89 Changing Input Ratios in PowerSight ceeeeeeseeseeseseseeeseeeseeeeeees 91 4 Changing Input Ratios in PSM 2 0 ceeeesecsceseseeseseecseeeeseeceseees
137. rmonics is a concern Using the numbers from the example above for calculating THD the total current of the waveform is Irms 1202 60 302 15 138 3A 120x1 60x3 30x5 15x77 K _ factor 138 3 138 3 138 3 138 3 0 75 1 69 1 18 0 58 4 20 Harmonic Measurements in PowerSight PowerSight performs all commonly desired measurements of harmonic distortion The total harmonic distortion THD of any voltage or current can be calculated and displayed upon demand by simply pressing Harmon and then Yes Accept or No Reject in response to the displayed questions The sequence of the questions is calculate THD of la gt Ib gt Ic gt In gt Van gt Vbn gt Vcn The result is reported as a percent and is updated each second Harmonic magnitude of odd harmonics through the 25th can be displayed on the unit by repeatedly pressing the More key Combining the Harmon key with the More key 119 harmonic measurements are available on the PowerSight display Harmonic Measurements in PSM The consumption data log can record the average THD F of each phase of voltage and each phase of current for each logging 78 period The summary values at the top of the screen are the average of all the values shown on the screen When viewing a consumption waveform transforming it into a harmonic graph presents a bar chart showing the relative magnitude of each of the first 50 harmonics The THD F i
138. rt provides a concise summary of data from One consumption log This is great for preparing a report of a load study A comparison report compares 134 data from one log to the data of another log Or it compares one section of data of a log to another section of data in the same log This type of report is great for CS preparing before and after reports A a to verify energy savings or to prepare ra Rieratah longitudinal reports documenting a how performance or load has im changed over time When you are L done entering the information click on Next The next screen is a Datalog Information screen In this screen specify what log is to be used for the summary report or for the before column of the comparison report If you do not want to use all the records of the log select a starting time and or an ending time in order to discard records outside of those times This can be especially important in comparison reports because you generally want to compare equal before and after timeframes When you are done entering the information click on Next If you are doing a comparison report another Datalog Information screen will appear In this screen specify what log is to be used for the after column of the comparison report Adjust the starting and ending records to use just as you did in the previous screen If you need to go back and amend your previous entries
139. rt appears on screen and is in a rich text format You can edit and format the report within any word processing application At the top is the title that you entered followed by information about the source of the data filename start time and end time The example shown is a comparison report so there is information about the source of the before data and separate information about the source of the after data After the source information is the main body of the report Each measurement type is listed in the first column The Before column is the one number summary for the measurement type for the before time period If it is an average like Voltage A Phase Avg the value is the average over the before timeframe If it is a maximum like Voltage A phase Max it is the maximum over the before timeframe If it is an estimate like Cost estimated per month it is an estimate of what the value would be for one month if the before data continued for the entire month After the Before column is the After column This provides the summaries for the measurement types during the timeframe of the after data The next column is a statement of the units 136 associated with the before and After columns For instance the Units for voltage measurement types is volts The next column is the Change in the value of the After
140. rtant settings is the choice of logging period This is the length of time between the creation of data records This has no effect on the measurement rate or the sampling rate Unlike inexpensive data loggers that only take measurements when a record is created PowerSight measures all its variables every second regardless of the recording rate This is very important when logging power since loads typically vary greatly and quickly The default setting for logging period is 3 minutes This means that after 180 measurements 180 seconds are in 3 minutes a record is made containing all the measurement types specified by the setup If maximum power is one of the measurement types then the maximum power of all of the cycles during the preceding 180 seconds will be recorded into the log Since the data log fills up one record at a time if the logging period is set for a large number it will take quite a long time to fill the log whereas if it is set for a small number it can be filled much faster The log capacity is displayed in the oe left i the Data en Ma H Cm Cm Setup menu just above the selection area for logging m Monitoring Activities period In the example shown p Operation Setup the logging period is set for 3 Logging Period minutes Units minutes and the time to completely fill the log is 2 083 days To change the logging period from minutes to seconds or from seconds to minutes click on the Un
141. ry value at the top is the maximum of all the maximums of the data appearing on the screen When it is a minimum such as lb min it is the mimimum of all the minimums shown Another helpful feature for graphical analysis is the ability to pan Notice on the zoomed in example above that there are scroll bars circled one at the bottom and one at the far right You can scan the data at a magnified level by either doing a left click and hold on one of the slides and then dragging it either direction in the scroll bar or by clicking on the arrowheads at either end of the scroll bar This can be very helpful for finding oddities or spotting small data patterns 155 Troubleshooting amp Frequently Asked Questions FAQ 1 Why can t connect to the PowerSight Manager software See the PSM Troubleshooting guide on your installation CD or view the guide on our web site www powersight com for detailed help 2 How do I connect to my laptop if it does not have an RS232 serial port You can use buy a USB to Serial communications adapter or a 10 100BaseT Ethernet to Serial device server from Summit Technology Your installation CD contains some recommended models of USB to Serial adapters that you can buy 3 Why can t I receive any data from my PowerSight See the Data Troubleshooting guide on your installation CD or view the guide on our web site www powersight com for detailed help 4 Why doesn t my PowerSight r
142. s connected correctly and that the wiring of the facility is correct There are two primary methods for doing this You may either send waveforms from PowerSight to your PC and visually check that all connections are correct Checking out Connections Using PSM or you can use the Checkout Connections feature within PowerSight to quickly and easily do this The importance of having all connections correct cannot be overstated If connections are not correct important decisions may be made based on erroneous data or monitoring sessions lasting several weeks may have to be repeated Common connection errors and their negative results are Current probe attached backwards Normally if current probes are attached backwards PowerSight senses this and turns them around in software so you still get the correct power readings This is one of the features that makes PowerSight easy to use However if you press the Wave key to save waveforms and a current probe is backwards that current will appear upside down 180 degrees out of phase More importantly if PowerSight is in the Positive Negative Power measurement mode a backwards current probe will have a disastrous effect on the power KWH and cost readings typically the display will present 1 3 of the correct value Voltages and currents of same phase not matched If the Va voltage probe is connected to Va but the la current probe is attached to Ib or Ic large errors will occur in me
143. s listed at the lower right Transforming a consumption waveform into harmonic data presents a chart of the magnitudes and phase angles of each harmonic The THD F and K factor are also listed The measurements of voltage presented on the PS4000 can also be displayed in PSM by using the remote control feature In addition our Report Generator software will present average THD F for voltage and current of each phase during any one or two intervals of time set by the user If the use of two time intervals is chosen it will report the percent change and the actual change between the two intervals For instance if a comparison report is chosen and THD F of Van is 4 8 during the first interval and 4 7 during the second interval then the report would show Before Atter units 4 8 4 7 Swells Surges and Inrush Measurements THD Voltage A phase Voltages and currents may grow suddenly due to temporary or switched conditions in the load or supply of power Examples of this occurring are a current inrush when a motor is first turned on a swell in voltage when the power source is switched from a weak source to a stronger one or when a large load is suddenly taken off line In each of these conditions the waveform remains basically the same as it was before but the amplitude or scale of the waveform has grown Since it is still a periodic waveform it makes great sense to measure it in RMS This allows for simple comparison to th
144. se Sequence Using PSM uuu cecccsseseeeeteeteeeeneeees 43 Checking Phase Lag Angle Using PSM eeceeeceseeseseteeeeeeeeeeeeeees 44 Measurement Types ecccccceeeseeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeneeeeeeeeeeeeeeeaanees 45 Voltage Measurements ee eeeseescsseseescseeseeecseeaeeecaseaeecaseaeencaseaeereneeaeers 45 Voltage Measurements in PowerSight cccccsesecesseseseeeeseseeeeeseseeees 47 Voltage Measurements in PSM cccecseseseeseseseseeseeeseeeseeceeeeeseeeereseates 48 Current MeaSurement ce cece ceeccescecessceeseecsssceeseecesseeeseecssseseneeens 50 Current Measurements in PowerSight eseseseccsseseseeeeseeeseeeereeenees 51 Current Measurements in PSM cecccccesesscsseseescseeseescsesseeecseeseeseseeees 53 Power M a Surements ccccecceccessesceeeseesecsseececeeseaecsessecseeseeeaseeseneesenaes 54 Power Measurements in PowerSight cccesecsseeseceseeseseeeeseseeeeeeeees 55 Power Measurements in PSM ccccccsecscsceseeccseeseescseeseescseeseeecseeseeeees 56 Power Factor Measurements 0 0 0 cceceecceseesceseeseeseceeesceseeseeseeaeeeeeneeseeaes 57 True Power Factor Measurements in PowerSight eceeeeeeee 59 Displacement P F and Phase Measurements in PowerSigh1t 61 Power Factor and Phase Measurements in PSM ossessi 63 Energy Measurements ccceescsccecesecsceeeseeeeneesecceneeseceeneeseeecneeaeeeeneeaeees 64 Energy Measurem
145. seeeeeees 132 Report Generator Software ceeccccceesseeseeeeeeeeeeeeeneeeeeneees 134 INTPODUCTION concn E eases bennee anes 134 Generating a Report ee eceeeeccesceseceseesesceesseeeseeeescseseeeeseeeeseeeseeetseeeseees 134 VIEWING REPOME c ccscescccssesacesstesecdentesavecstescenchivscuecstesccoentengunas tee envasen sated 136 Other Functions of PowerSight eeccccessseeesseeeeeeeees 138 Calibrating POWerSight ceccccceseceseeseseseseeeeseeeeseecseeeseeeeeeecseneeateeeeees 138 SEIU FUNCHONG 3cc24 EE E E AN 138 Administrative FUNCIONS sece eon e TA EAR 139 Other Functions within PSM cccccssccssccseccseeeeeseceeeeeseeeeens 143 INtrOGUCTION sien aces ne E AER RE ER E eaaa 143 Remote Control of PowerSight s sesssssseesesesessesesreresrsessesesreresesessesese 143 Locating and Installing Software and Firmware ceceeeeeeeee 144 Setting up Administrative Features of PowerSight via PSM 144 Setting Operational Features Of PSM ue eeeseeseseeeseeeeseeeeeeeeeeeeees 145 Putting it all Together Monitoring for the First Time 146 Working with Graphs and Waveforms ccccccssssesseeeeeeees 149 GMO Mal REPE IEE AE EEEE sveses costtnsvadedeseasscoastoesstesese 149 Reading Graphs and Waveforims ccssscscsssscsecsessscecsessesecserses 151 ZOOMING and PaANNNG ccrccccresscsscccescsececescsesecsesseseesessesecseseseenees 153 Tr
146. showing PowerSight connected is shown in figure 9 This circuit has three CTs and if higher voltage is Fig 9 Recommended Connections to 3 CT 3 PT Metering Circuit present may have three PTs It is typical for metering a three phase four wire wye type service The currents flowing to the load are considered the primary currents Those currents are stepped down by each CT to a secondary current according to the ratio of the CT printed on its rating plate A typical value would be 600 5 120 1 The output of each CT must have some burden across it for the secondary current to flow The current probes of PowerSight are clamped around the secondary of each CT Make sure to use Current probes that are suited for accurate measurement in the 0 5 amp range The HAS is best for this The HA1000 or HA100 may be acceptable depending on the current level Once the current probes are attached it is best to set the input ratios for each of the current probes see the Setting Input Ratios section This will allow the displayed values and logged values to reflect the primary current level instead of the secondary current level This in turn allows accurate power and cost readings without having to multiply the results times some ratio Remember that these ratios are reset to 1 1 whenever PowerSight is turned off Similarly the PTs take a primary voltage and step it down to a secondary value If the primary voltage is below 600
147. sing input ratios and 12 500V using 15KVP probes or connected to PT secondaries while using input ratios If one of the phases has a center tap midway through it and the center tap is connected to neutral this is a four wire or center tap delta service Depending on the load being monitored it may be best to measure a center tap delta system in phase neutral measurement mode Typical readings on a 240V center tapped delta service in phase neutral measurement mode would be 120V on two of the phases and 208V on the third phase The voltage readings of this test are updated each second When the readings appear to be correct press Yes Accept to move on to the next test Check Voltage Phase Sequence Using Checkout Connections In a three phase system each of the three voltage phases is 120 degrees out of phase with the other two phases This means that if one phase reaches its peak at one instant the next phase will reach its peak 120 degrees later and the third phase will reach its peak 240 degrees after the first the first will again reach its peak 360 degrees after its last peak This provides for the smooth supply of three phase power Certain loads such as motors must have the voltages connected so that the peak voltages arrive in a certain sequence If this sequence is reversed the load will not work and damage may occur Determining the voltage phase sequence is necessary before connecting such loads Also if voltag
148. stic value they are not true representations of the actual power factor or power being used for a given phase Nevertheless the measurements that count most the total power factor and total power are correct in phase phase mode This result may seem surprising given that the individual phase measurements are not exact but the mathematics of combining three equations with three unknowns results in correct total power factor and total true power measurements 83 Changing the Voltage Measurement Mode in PowerSight To determine which voltage measurement mode PowerSight is in simply press the Measure Mode key of PowerSight and read the display To change the voltage measurement mode from what is displayed press the No Reject key and then press Yes Accept when the desired measurement mode is displayed Normally the 2 current approach is disabled when PowerSight is shipped to customers When disabled the choice for operating in this mode will not even be given when pressing the Measure Mode key It can be enabled or disabled as one of the administrative functions see Administrative Functions When it is enabled pressing No Reject to the Phase Phase voltage mode will result in the choice to accept the 2 current approach Press Yes Accept to enter this mode While in this mode Vbc and Ib will no longer be measured or displayed and Vcb appears in place of Vbc The voltage measurement mode that you choose will stay in effect
149. stimated energy consumed during a year divided by 12 For instance if 5 KWH is consumed over a 10 minute period then the estimated energy consumed per month is KWH os mo 5X ars 21 900KWH 21 9 megawatt x hours Energy Measurements in PowerSight PowerSight performs all commonly desired energy measurements When monitoring consumption the actual energy consumed is displayed by pressing Energy Based on the history of consumption estimates of energy use per hour energy use per month and energy use per year are calculated each second These estimates are available by repeatedly pressing More In this way by combining the Energy and More keys there are 4 energy measurements available For instance if the estimated energy use per year is desired press Energy to display total energy consumed More to display KWH hour More to display KWH month and then More to display KWH year Energy Measurements in PSM PSM presents all commonly desired energy measurements When displaying a data log containing power information PSM will graph the energy consumed over any interval The user can choose to graph real energy use KWH or reactive energy use KVARH Normally a graph of energy usage will be a line that climbs up as it moves to the right This is because as more and more power is used the cumulative energy used increases 65 In addition our Report Generator software will
150. t normal RMS value you expect to see in the RMS Input box A recommended setting for the absolute transient level will appear in the Abs Instantaneous box This level is about 10 above the normal peak of a pure sine wave of the RMS level entered For instance if you enter 120Vrms the recommended absolute transient threshold will be 186 6 volts Whenever the voltage rises above 186 6 volts or drops below 186 6 volts for longer than 8 usce an absolute trigger will occur and it will last until the instantaneous value drops to slightly less than 186 6 volts and stays less than 186 6 volts for the remainder of the cycle Similarly we have included a helpful aide in determining the relative threshold for a given circuit Click on the icon to the right of the box in which you enter the relative trigger threshold The Calculation of Instantaneous dialogue box will open Enter the largest normal RMS value you expect to see in the RMS Input box A recommended setting for the relative transient level will appear in the Rel Instantaneous box This level is about 20 of the normal peak of a pure sine wave of the RMS level entered For instance if you enter 120Vrms the recommended relative transient threshold will be 30 volts Whenever the voltage that is independent from the underlying periodic waveform rises or falls at least 30 volts for longer than 8 usec a relative trigger will occur and it will last until the instantaneo
151. t seems to be the normal voltage that you are connected to at that time If you press No Reject it allows you to use the keypad to enter an RMS value of your choice Press Yes Accept when you are done Following this the current dip trigger level is displayed This value does not apply to neutral current Press No Reject if you wish to change it Press No Reject if you wish to change it The display will be Would you like a suggestion If you press Yes Acceptl it will suggest a trigger 50 below what seems to be the normal current that you are connected to at that time If you press No Reject it allows you to use the keypad to enter an RMS value of your choice Press Yes Accept when you are done 118 Setting the Swell Dip Trigger Thresholds in PSM To check or set the swell dip trigger thresholds at the main menu click on Data Setup At the bottom of the screen is the Triggering for Swells Dips Transients section The upper area of this section is for setting which signals to trigger on and for deciding how many signals to capture when a trigger occurs The bottom section is for setting the actual trigger thresholds Triggering for Swells Dips Transients Voltage to trigger on r Capture Mode Current to tigger on Triggered signal only 1 waveform Trigger Thresholds Voltage Swells K__ 123 VRMS p n Units Current Swell K 300 70 Voltage Dips C140 5 V RMS p n Current Dip 200
152. t sequence and sometimes a motor will be connected 42 MowerSight Hamaga xZMIMICHZCHSO wrtre in that manner to De EA Yow ep make it spin v a lt a 8 ale 2 backwards An order of B A C or A C B is the same as C B A the reference point just starts in a different place for instance B A C is a portion of the continuing sequence of C B A C B A 3 phuro 480 CDA Crest Factor 1 Checking Current Levels Using PSM Next click on the blue Back Arrow icon and select Current Set All and View Now that you are viewing the current waveforms there are several questions that need to be Conventional Metar answered tPF 0 87 Vab _la dPF 0 87 es reasonable p pare ay First are the sizes of each of th depending on the type of load very similar or fairly different T is listed in the heading of the graph st R beneath it indicating that la 136 simil n for voltage as seen in the Checking TE Wares of the more common current wave shown in the Checking Phas spacing must continue across the system there will be a constant 1 Typical Phase Relationships 60 Hz 6 3 msec for 50 Hz If one or two of the current probes is backwards the peaks will not be evenly spaced If that is the case determine which probe can be turned around to get the spacing correct After turning it around and verifying that th
153. t time during the time of interest The minimum frequency is the frequency of the longest cycle slowest repeat time during the time of interest The average frequency is the average frequency of all the cycles during the time of interest When operating in the variable frequency modes the PS4000 determines the fundamental frequency of every cycle The bands of frequencies that it can measure are from 22 to 220 Hz and from 360 to 440 Hz Harmonics of these fundamental frequencies are measured to 3 780 Hz If the motor analysis option is purchased the complete frequency spectrum from 1 to 5 000 Hz can be determined If the Frequency Analysis Option is purchased the complete frequency spectrum from 5 000 to 100 000 Hz can be determined Frequency Measurements in PowerSight PowerSight performs all commonly desired frequency measurements when operating in the variable frequency measurement mode The fundamental frequency is displayed by pressing Freq If consumption is being monitored the maximum minimum and average frequency is displayed by repeatedly pressing More after displaying the frequency For instance if the minimum frequency since monitoring began is desired press Freq to display fundamental frequency 70 More to display maximum frequency and then More to display minimum frequency PowerSight scans its inputs each second to look for an active power signal to measure If none is detected all v
154. t would show Before atter Units Change Change Frequency Ave 71 Duty Cycle Power Cycle Measurements Some electric loads such as air conditioning units typically turn on and off routinely It can be helpful to know how often the equipment is running and how often it turns on and off Relevant measurements of this type are Duty cycle Average On time Average Off time Elapsed power Cycles Estimated power cycles per hour Estimated power cycles per day Estimated power cycles per week Duty cycle measured in percent is what portion of the time a unit is turned on The average on time is the average length of time that the unit stays on The average off time is the average length of time that the unit stays off These measurements can be helpful for spotting defective equipment or equipment that is not sized properly for the job A power cycle occurs each time an on to off to on sequence occurs The elapsed power cycles measure is how many power cycles have occurred since monitoring began Based on how many have occurred estimates can be prepared for how many cycles occur per hour per day or per week These measures can be helpful in determining problems with control of a system such as thermostat problems Duty Cycle Power Cycle Measurements in PowerSight If power consumption is being monitored the percent of the time that current is flowing in the A ph
155. tage and current can be viewed together and multiple phases of signals can be viewed together Portions of waveforms can be zoomed into and panned left right or up down Refer to the Working with Graphs and Wavefoms section to learn more about available presentation and analysis features You can easily transform any waveform into either a graph of harmonic data or a view the raw data for each harmonic and K factor To convert a wives sae eg anes waveform time domain sid Fastor E3 representation into a a harmonic graph frequency domain representation click on the Harmonic Graph icon or click on View then Harmonic Graph To transform a waveform into harmonic data either click on the Harmonic Data icon or click on View then Harmonic Data You have the choice of viewing the amplitudes of individual harmonics as either RMS amplitudes Vrms or Arms or as a percentage of the magnitude of the fundamental harmonic the fundamental is always 100 as large as itself To change to magnitude or to PowerSiaht Manager 5HpMotor wfm O ab O be O Vea percentage click on the little box RMS Vale 206 5 2064 205 7 Crest Factor 1 5 1 5 1 5 to the right of the harmonics icons 500 0 97 To transform back from one of the harmonic presentations into a waveform presentation either click on the Waveform icon or click n View then Waveform You can easily
156. tal max min avg User Interface for True Power Factor Measurements The display of true power factor gives an indication if current may be leading or lagging voltage For instance if current lags voltage in phase A the display will read Van la If current leads voltage the display reverses the order and reads la Van If voltage and current are roughly in phase the indication may switch back and forth regularly To get a definite indication of whether current is lagging you need to measure displacement power factor 60 Displacement P F and Phase Measurements in PowerSight PowerSight performs all commonly desired displacement power factor measurements The displacement power factors of the A B and C Phases can be displayed To view displacement power factor press Power Factor If the display says Displacement P F then pressing Power Factor repeatedly will allow you to view the displacement power factors of the A B and C Phases If the display says True P F then press Power Factor four more times until it says Displacement P F The sequence of the display is dPFa gt dPFb gt dPFc gt tPFa gt tPFb gt tPFc gt tPFt If you wish to know the actual phase lag of current in degrees press More For instance if you wanted to see how much the C phase current lags behind the C phase voltage press Power Factor to display dPFa Power Factor to display dPFb Power Factor to display d
157. teeeeeeenees 91 Voltage amp Current Waveforms cccccssssesseeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeneeeeeeeeees 93 ITFOGUCTIONS carvers seasssvescdecaseatesespesetteass ater saeeosa tea veat headin EE E 93 Saving Consumption Waveforms ceccccccseceeeseseseseeseseeeeesesenseeeseeeeeees 93 Receiving Stored Consumption Waveforms cseeceesseeeeesereteeeeees 95 Viewing Consumption Waveforms cccceceseecesecsseseseeeeseseseeeseeeeeeeeneeees 95 Monitoring Power COnSumption cccccccesseeseeeeeeeteeeeeeneees 100 MILO CLUCTIO NS tos cc scence E A E E 100 Basic Consumption Data Logging eceeseceeceseceseeeeseeeeeeeseeeeeeeatees 101 Receiving Consumption Data Log from PowerSight ee 104 Viewing CONSUMPTION LOGS ceeseesseseseseeseceseeeeseseseeeeseeeeecseseeeeeenenees 105 Custom Consumption Data LOQGING cccccsssesesseeeeeeeees 107 TATFOCUCTION ienen aea ee cues spun tendacesete crus a a AT 107 Starting Data Logging 0 eeceeeeceeseseseeeesescseeeeseeceeeecaeeeseeeeseecaeeeeateeeeees 107 Stopping Data LOGGING eececceseceseeeeseseeseseseeeescseneeeesceeeseeesseeeaeeeerees 108 Setting the Consumption Logging Period eeceeeeseeeeeeseeteeeerens 109 Setting Measurement TyPes eeceececeesceseseseesesesesecesceeeseeeneeeeseeeerees 109 Setting Measurement MOdeS eccecececesceseseseesesesececeseeeeseaeneeeeseeeerees 111 Saving and Retrieving Data Setups to File or Pow
158. tes cost each second using every cycle for exact measurements 66 The estimated cost per hour is the elapsed cost divided by the hours of monitoring For instance if the cost is 0 50 for a 10 minute period then the estimated cost per hour is S est Ihr 050s 3 00 a 10 The estimated cost per year is the elapsed cost divided by the fraction of a year that monitoring has proceeded For instance if the cost is 0 50 for a 10 minute period then the estimated cost 60x24x365 per year is 0 50x BE D 26 280 est yr The estimated cost per month is the estimated cost for a year divided by 12 For instance if the cost is 0 50 for a 10 minute period then the estimated cost per year is eee if e 29 1090 o 10x12 Cost Measurements in PowerSight PowerSight performs all commonly desired true cost of energy measurements When monitoring consumption the actual cost of energy consumed is displayed by pressing Cost Based on the history of consumption estimates of the cost per hour the cost per month and the cost per year are calculated each second These estimates are available by repeatedly pressing More after displaying the cost measure For instance if the estimated cost per year is desired press Cost to display total cost incurred during monitoring More to display hour More to display month and then More to display year In this way by combining the
159. th the mode of stopping data logging at a specific date and time Finally it is the best way to insure that logging begins and continues in the same timeframe that the utility calculates demand period The final option is Don t Use If this is selected logging can only be started by the user manually directly it to start Stopping Data Logging The default mode of operation is for PowerSight to not stop logging until it is turned off There are several other modes of operation that can be selected in the Data Setup screen Stop when full instructs PowerSight to stop logging when the log fills up This is helpful if you don t want to lose the data from the beginning of the data logging session and may not be back to get the data before the log fills up Another mode is to select Stop at time If this is selected then a box opens that you can Log Stop Mode Don t stop enter a date and time for Don t stop the logging to end This is helpful if you want logging to end at a specific time or if you want it to end after a specific number of minutes hours days or whatever The option of Don t Stop allows logging to continue even after the log is completely full New data will be written over the oldest data This allows you to leave a unit logging continually and always have the most recent data available for analysis 108 Setting the Consumption Logging Period One of the most impo
160. than 500 Vrms from 50 Hz or 60 Hz power 27 Vb or N Va pn Fused In Line Lead Vb Va Vn 12V PowerSight Vb Fig 11 LDC Connection Diagram The LDC also comes with in line fuse assemblies plugged into the stackable plugs These red assemblies contain 1000V fuses They provide protection if a short should occur in the LDC The two voltage leads that would normally be plugged into PowerSight are plugged into the loose ends of the in line fuses At this point PowerSight is ready to measure voltages as usual and the LDC is connected in parallel to two of the inputs of PowerSight You may wish to remove the in line fuse assemblies plug your voltage leads directly into the stackable plugs and plug the in line fuse assemblies between the loose ends of the voltage leads and the voltage clips This provides a connection that is electrically equivalent to the normal connection but the fuses are physically as close to the power source as possible The advantage of this approach is that if one of the voltage leads gets shorted to ground 28 perhaps from being cut by a panel door a fuse quickly blows providing added protection Note Do not use the LDC without the in line fuses being connected between it and the power source The fuses are the only circuit protection for the LDC When the input side of the LDC is fully connected properly plug the long DC output plug into the DC input jack of PowerSight
161. that are temporarily superimposed onto the basic waveform such as lightning They typically have nothing to do with the fundamental frequency of the power and are certainly not periodic We call these events high speed transients High speed transients are not periodic and are typically very abrupt changes It makes best sense to measure them by their peak voltage or current and by the duration of time that they exceed the transient threshold PowerSight allows for setting two types of thresholds for detecting these high speed events Absolute transient thresholds look for any instant in which the voltage or current exceeds a certain absolute magnitude This can be helpful to capture voltage events 80 that may pierce the dielectric of a capacitor or breakdown a semiconductor switch Relative transient thresholds look for any transient riding on the power waveform that exceeds a certain level for an instant In this case the fundamental periodic waveform is removed and only the remaining transient events are left to be measured This can be helpful in finding signals that get passed through high pass filters or get induced into process circuits 81 Measurement Modes Introducing Measurement Modes PowerSight performs so many measurements that it is quite a challenge to keep the instrument easy to use Often you make measurements on one general type of system There is no need to complicate your task by PowerSight asking you to m
162. that comes with this option into the la jack plug the HA1000 into the other end of the adapter cable and remove all connections from Va Vb Vc Vn and the DC input jack of PowerSight To record frequency data press the Monitoring On Off key several times until the display says Frequency Data Capture Then press Yes Accept The test will begin and take about one minute This test will write over the previous results so if you need to do more than one test have a laptop computer nearby For further details and cautions refer to the Frequency Analysis Option manual that was received with the FAO option 162 Overview of the Keypad Functions One of the best features of PowerSight Monitori i is its user interlace A Caa E a surprising amount of Volt Jf current Power Eneroy Cost capability is quickly available through the touch of a button We as No fin have attempted to Ea Reject incre canora ZE make the interface r Measure 1 os i as 3 Ad D rint Wave intuitive and flexible min Mode Peere j Many functions can be S a accomplished in several ways gt On Off Power Freq I Cycles Factor Demand l Time J Here is a quick overview of the functions of each key Monitoring On Off for starting or stopping of monitoring of consumption swell dips and high speed transients Spikes for reviewing the monitoring swell dip and high speed tr
163. the desired measurement mode is displayed The frequency measurement mode that you choose will stay in effect until you change it It will not be changed by turning PowerSight off 86 Changing the Frequency Measurement Mode in PSM To determine the frequency measurement mode using PSM connect PowerSight to PSM and then either go to the Setup Data menu and read what appears in the Input Frequency box or operate in Remote Control mode and press the key combinations described above To change the frequency measurement mode using Input Frequency Variable 22 200Hz gt PSM either go to the Data Setup menu click on the Input Frequency drop down box select the mode that you wish to operate in and then send the new setup to the connected PowerSight meter or operate in Remote Control mode and press the key combinations described above Always Positive Power versus Negative Power Allowed There are 3 power measurement modes in PowerSight Always positive power Negative power allowed 2 current probe approach Most users perform measurements on equipment that is either always consuming power or always generating power However there are cases in which you may wish to measure power use on equipment that is alternatively consuming and generating power like an oil well pump jack Always Positive Power measurement mode and Negative Power Allowed measurement modes are provided to allow ease and accuracy of measurement in both
164. the following time and capacity measurements present time and date time capacity of consumption log elapsed time of monitoring time remaining to fill consumption log record capacity of log number of records used in log time and date that monitoring started programmed start time and date of monitoring programmed stop time and date of monitoring The present time and date is the time and date of the clock inside PowerSight used for creating timestamps for the records of the log and for dating waveform sets that are saved It can be changed as one of the administrative functions see the Administrative Functions section 73 The time capacity of the log is how much time it will take to fill the consumption log This is under your control by changing the variables selected to be recorded using the Data Setup feature of PSM see the Setting Measurement Types section The time capacity of swell dip and high speed transient logs is determined solely by how quickly events occur The elapsed time of monitoring is how long the unit has been monitoring Generally this is how much time is recorded in the log If the log fills up and logging continues writing over the oldest data the elapsed time keeps increasing even though the logged time quits increasing This means that the maximums minimums and averages displayed on PowerSight may be different from those in the log since the monitoring session is for a longer period of time than the
165. the power measurement mode using in PSM either go to the Data Setup menu click on the Power Mode drop down box select the mode that you wish to operate in and then send the new setup to the connected PowerSight meter or Power Mode Always Positive operate in Remote Control egative Allowed mode and press the key combinations described above Defining Inputs All current probes used by PowerSight are self identifying so they are automatically calibrated to the unit when they are plugged in This is a convenience a time saver and a protection against making errors in measurements There are occasions where the input does not represent what it actually is In these cases the user needs to define the inputs for PowerSight or for PSM The chief need for defining inputs is to enter in input ratios for voltage or current There are several occasions when this is necessary The most common occurs when monitoring a large main circuit to a facility The current may be too large to measure with the current probes you own or you may not be able to physically clamp around the cables or bus bar or the voltage of the bar may exceed the insulation rating of the current probe In these instances a permanently installed CT and or PT may be wired in for a metering system By clamping onto the secondary of such a CT typically with an HA5 probe or attaching directly to the PT with voltage probes you obtain readings proportional to 89
166. the primary side of the CT or PT Entering the ratios of the CT and or the PT into PowerSight allows all recorded values to be scaled appropriately PowerSight then records primary values although it is connected to the secondary There are other instances where input ratios are valuable Ifa large current is carried by 2 or more parallel conductors you can clamp onto 1 conductor enter in the ratio for instance 4 total conductors to 1 measured conductor and thereby record the total power without clamping around all the conductors However before you use this approach verify that each conductor is carrying the same amount of current It s not uncommon for parallel conductors to carry different loads when high currents are involved If the loads are different in each conductor you may enter the appropriate input ratio For instance if the measured total of 4 cables is 2005 amps and the one cable you will monitor carries 492 of the amps you can enter the ratio 2005 492 and all readings will be correct There are cases where you may wish to measure very small currents with a large probe In order to improve the accuracy of the readings you may wish to clamp onto several turns of the wire This essentially amplifies the signal and boosts the signal to noise ratio For instance if you were reading 1 amp with an HA1000 probe you might clamp onto 10 turns of the wire to boost the signal to 10 amps If you then entered a ratio of 1 10 the
167. these measurements are exact When we speak of a voltage transient we are speaking of an instantaneous voltage that exceeds a trigger level An absolute trigger level is an instantaneous level that includes the underlying periodic waveform A relative trigger level is an instantaneous level that has the underlying periodic waveform removed In the PS4000 trigger levels can be set for both relative and absolute voltage transient levels 46 Voltage Measurements in PowerSight PowerSight performs all commonly desired voltage measurements When in phase neutral measurement mode the RMS root mean square voltage between Vn and the Va Vb and Vc input jacks is displayed by simply pressing Volt repeatedly The sequence of the display as Volt is pressed is Van gt Von gt Vcn In the phase phase measurement mode Vab Vbc and Vca are displayed instead If energy consumption is being monitored the maximum minimum and average RMS voltage is displayed by repeatedly pressing More after displaying the appropriate present voltage In this way by combining the Volt and More keys there are 12 RMS voltage measurements available Any Display Other Than Voltage User Interface for Voltage Measurements For instance if the average voltage between Vb and Vn is desired press Volt to display Van Volt to display Vbn More to display maximum Vbn More to display minimum Vbn and then More to display
168. to 600 amps It offers accuracy of 2 1 amp from 5 400 amps and 3 accuracy for DC from 400 600 amps This probe relies on Hall effect technology and its output varies slightly over time Therefore a zero level adjustment is provided on the probe s handle for initial zeroing before each measurement session The probe accepts one cable up to 1 18 inch diameter or two cables of up to 0 95 diameter Unlike other manufacturers DC probes ours do not require batteries for them to run New probes and adapters are being introduced regularly so if you have a special need give us a call Please Note Always inspect the metal surfaces of clamp on probes before use Clean them with a rag or sand them with fine sand paper and then slightly oil the surface Any dirt or rust will affect the accuracy of the measurements Connections to PowerSight Voltage test leads plug into the back end of PowerSight Each test lead of the Deluxe Voltage Test Lead set is labeled Vn Va Vb or Vc and each jack is similarly labeled Vn Va Vb or Vc 11 A Note The Vn test lead is a different color from the other leads black Similarly the Vn jack on PowerSight is a different color from the other ones black Connecting anything other than neutral or ground to the Vn jack can jeopardize your safety the functioning of the unit and the accuracy of the unit Current probes plug into the sides of PowerSight Each current probe is labeled la Ib Ic
169. to a live circuit remember that the jaws of a voltage test lead are much wider when they are open than when they are closed The potential to short two adjacent terminals or wires is a constant danger when connecting to a live circuit Depending on the current capacity of the circuit being shorted a deadly explosion of molten material can result Once they are securely connected the deluxe voltage leads are safe for steady voltages of the 600 Vrms rating of PowerSight The clamps of the deluxe voltage leads are rated for 1000V working voltage measurement category II This is equivalent to measurement category Ill for a working voltage of 600V the rating of PowerSight Summit Technology also sells a fused voltage lead set order DFV The safety advantage of fused leads is that if there is a short through the insulation of a lead to ground the fuse in the handle should quickly blow out preventing the lead from vaporizing in an explosion of molten metal The safety disadvantage of fused leads occurs when the fuse is blown or is removed The user will measure 0 volts on a live circuit and may be tempted to lower his safety awareness possibly resulting in shock or damage The DFV probes are rated for 1000V measurement category Ill Current Probes Summit Technology provides a variety of probes for your use They offer different measurement ranges different sizes and physical characteristics and the ability to measure different types o
170. to be larger than the before number You can control the vertical and horizontal scales by clicking on View and then Set Scale str 22 2 EE gt C Jiii Normally the color of the signals Ea ee is set automatically by PSM to Labels give good color contrast on a color monitor However that contrast may not stand out on Wavyetorr Harmonic Graph Harmonic Data your monitor or on your color eels printer or especially with your black and white printer You can control the colors used to display signals by clicking on View and then Change Color Scheme View Table Data 150 Whatever is displayed can be printed by clicking on File and then Print It can also be saved as a Windows bitmap file by clikcing on File and then Save as BMP A very handy feature is the Redo icon Whenever it is visible clicking on it give you fresh PowerSight Manager 3phVpp wim data to look at If you are ie ES Vew Heb w a e waja Ale 4 viewing the waveforms of the attached signals and you click a T Ome OM on this another set of CO tata waveforms will immediately be captured assigned a new file name and displayed Similarly if you have the high frequency spectrum analyzer option FAO and you click on the icon a new spectrum analysis will be conducted and displayed On the other hand if you are looking at a stored data file clicking on this
171. to set the utility rate used in calculating the cost of energy consumed Presently one simple rate is used That rate can be displayed on the PS4000 by pressing Setup five times To change this rate press No Reject and follow the instructions to enter the new rate When the new interval is entered correctly press Yes Accept The rate may be set from 0 00001 to 999999 per KWH This wide range is helpful when setting the rate for certain international currencies The present on off current setting is displayed on the PS4000 by pressing Setup six times To change this setting press No Reject and follow the instructions to enter the new setting When the new setting is entered correctly press Yes Accept Note that this value is only used in relation to the current in the A phase Administrative Functions A collection of functions that are neither measurements nor calibrations are collected under the heading of administrative 139 functions They include Identifying the unit Viewing the options that are loaded Reporting the warranty expiration date Changing the time and date Changing the initial displayed greeting Setting the communications rate Enabling Disabling 2 Current Mode All administrative functions are available by pressing Admin and following the directions Identifying the unit results in the following being displayed Serial number of the unit its unique identity Digital Processing revision
172. to your computer The name of each file is based on the entry in the File Name box For instance if psm is entered in the File Name box the swell dip log will be called psm slg and the third swell dip waveform will be called psm03 swm If you want some files to have different root names from others you will need to receive them separately putting in the desired root name in the File Name box before receiving them ol Da B 010100042612 When the desired files have checkmarks to their left click on the Receive and View button to transfer the data from PowerSight to PSM and immediately start looking at the data Or click on the Receive Only button to simply receive the data To understand the various presentations of the data refer to the Swell Dip Event Log Swell Dip RMS Graph Log and Swell Dip Waveforms sections 121 Viewing Swell Dip Event Data To view previously stored swell dip data at the main menu of PSM click on View Swell Dip Data or click on either File or View on the top line and then Swell Dip Data The View Swell Dip Data screen will now appear In the Types to View section make sure that the data type that you wish to view has a checkmark in front of it For instance if Swell Dip RMS Graphs rlg files has a checkmark a list of available RMS graphs e sticemcouny will appear in the file name area Next click on the file name of the file
173. ty Ends 05 25 05 Receive Data menu will ya P Serial Comm enabled open and all the different types of data files in the connected PowerSight will be displayed Make sure Receive Data 3 i Data Types to Receive Data Destination Een that there is a Fie Pah Chanae Fie Path M Swels and Dips Cx c h eck In th e IZ High Speed Transients FOIS Cancel box before the ts i ne Select All Select None Consum pti on Time Date Data Type Events To Fie Peo ece ee 07 06 04 11 07 34 Log 2872 psmlog ee ee lis 84 lata Records Data in the 07 06 04 11 07 34 Swel Dip Log 0 psms eet 07 06 04 11 07 34 Swell Dip RMS Graph psm tlg 2 Corrections 0 o 07 06 04 11 07 34 _Jyansiegtkog o pem tlg Data Types to 07 16 04 043948 Waveset 1 pomO1 wim R eceive 077 08 04 13 0008 Waveset 1 psm02 wim Log Options section Then Wee ae look for the Waveset Data Type lines These files are the stored waveform sets stored in the PowerSight Make sure that the box at the start of the line is checked and then click on Receive and View to transfer the waveform set to your computer The default name of the file is psm01 wfm Remember that waveset1 is special It is an automatic recording of the waveforms at the time that monitoring last began Viewing Consumption Waveforms To select a waveform set to view at the main menu click on View Consumption Data or click on View and then View Consumption Data or c
174. u wish to receive High speed transient log files will have a Data Type name of Transient Log and a To File name ending with tlg High speed transient waveform files will have a Data Type name starting with Abs Tran on or Rel Tran on and a To File name ending with twm Make sure that the box at the start of the line is checked and then click on Receive and View to transfer the data file to your computer The 129 name of each file is based on the entry in the File Name box For instance if psm is entered in the File Name box the high speed transient log will be called psm tlg and the third transient waveform will be called psm03 twm If you want some files to have different root names from others you will need to receive them separately putting in the desired root name in the File Name box before receiving them When the desired files have checkmarks to their left click on the Receive and View button to transfer the data from PowerSight to PSM and immediately start looking at the data Or click on the Receive Only button to simply receive the data To understand the various presentations of the data refer to the Transient Event Log and Transient Event Waveforms sections Viewing Transient Event Data To view previously stored transient data click on View Transient Data or click on View on the top line and then Transient Data The View Transient Data
175. uctor of a given phase and then viewing the currents of each probe simultaneously see the Checking Current Levels Using Checkout Connections section Start monitoring for 10 seconds or so and then stop monitoring see the Starting Data Logging and Stopping Data Logging sections Press the Current key and then the More key four times to view the average current for the A phase which is actually just one of the conductors of one of the phases Write it down Press the Current key and then the More key four times again to view the average current for the B phase Write it down Repeat these actions in order to get the average current of each of the conductors for the same time period Find the total of the average currents of each of the conductors of the same phase Divide the total of the average currents into the average current of conductor you wish to connect to during the actual monitoring session This yields the portion of the total current that flows through the conductor that will be measured Set the input ratio of the phase being measured to the number determined in the previous step For instance if the total of the average currents was 1000 amps and the average current of the probe on the conductor you wish to use during the actual monitoring session had an average of 260 amps then enter an input ratio for that phase of 1000 260 or 1 0 26 Perform steps 1 through 8 for each phase Now connect each probe
176. up file You can use the default setup file supplied by Summit Technology or you can create store and retrieve your own Starting Data Logging There are several methods to initiate data logging One method if PowerSight is connected to a PC is to click on the Data Setup button on the main menu of PSM and then clicking on the Start Logging button No matter what method is used to start logging you can always know if PowerSight is logging If logging is in progress there will be flashing asterisks appearing on both ends of the bottom line of the PowerSight display The other methods of Log Start Mode Don t use i starting logging can be set Start now within the Data Setup atant a tena n screen by clicking on the Log Start Mode dropdown box First there is the choice of Start 107 now If this is selected when the custom setup is sent to the attached PowerSight it will immediately start logging If you click on Start at time a box will open in which you can set the time and date at which to start logging Once the custom setup is sent to PowerSight that date and time will be stored in the unit until a new date and time are written over it This is a great way to synchronize several PowerSights to start logging at the same time so there data logs can be synchronized It is also a great way to log for a specific number if minutes or hours or days or whatever when combined wi
177. ur Wire Delta rounde elta Vbn are 120V and Four Wire Del Grounded Del are 180 degrees out of phase with each Fig 1 Common Power Delivery other When heavier Configurations loads are encountered Vab 240V is used by delivering both hot voltages to the load Neutral provides the current return path If the load is balanced there will be relatively little neutral current Refer to figures 2 3 4 and 5 for various ways to connect to single phase and two phase power service Figure 1B presents normal three phase wye power service Voltages are usually measured from phase to neutral Neutral provides the current return path If the load is balanced there will be relatively little neutral current Refer to figure 6 for how to connect to a three phase wye power service Figure 1C presents normal three phase delta service Voltages are usually measured from phase to phase In North America service is usually supplied as 120V 240V 480V 600V 4160V or 12 500V In most of the world service is usually supplied as 381V 5 716V or 11 431V Summit Technology has voltage 13 probes for direct connect to all of these services Refer to figure 7 for how to connect to a delta power service When there is no access to measuring one of the currents figure 8 presents the 2 current approach for measuring power This approach is also useful for measurement of an open delta circuit as described in Connections to an Open Delta Circuit 2
178. urn the unit on press Monitoring On Off then Yes Accept to indicate that you wish to start monitoring No Reject to indicate you do not want to combine the new log with the existing log inside the unit and then Yes Accept to affirm that you want to erase the old log in the unit Monitoring will then begin and continue until you stop it or turn the meter off The remainder of this chapter assumes that you wish to use the computer to customize or at least check your monitoring settings prior to starting monitoring The computer must be running the PowerSight Manager PSM software that comes with the meter and the computer must be connected to the PowerSight using the communications cable that comes with the meter There are three ways to start logging PowerSight can start immediately by command of PSM can start at a time and date set by PSM or can start when turned on and connected to power If you wish PSM to command PowerSight to start logging then you must have the computer with you when you connect PowerSight up for logging The other methods can be set up at another time and location and then PowerSight can be transported to the site of logging The first step is to set up or check the parameters for logging 1 Hookup PowerSight to the computer using the communications cable supplied with PowerSight Manager File Settings View Data Tools Help PowerSight 2 Enter PSM and note that r Setup PowerSight Manager PS
179. us value drops to slightly below 30 volts and stays below that for the remainder of the cycle 128 It should be noted that you generally will not want to select the neutral current In if you are also triggering on other currents This is because the neutral current is typically much smaller than the other phase currents and needs to have different trigger thresholds When all the trigger levels are set correctly you may save the data setup to a file or to a connected PowerSight Receiving Transient Data from PowerSight To receive transient data from PowerSight Manez File Settings Vie Tools Help PowerSight the PowerSight unit must be connected to a _ nee computer running PSM At ey acs denen the main menu of PSM the ig Soup Ur green Unit Connected Status box must be displayed a ite Serial Number 41356 Click on the Receive Data TR Fionn SOF H ee E eceive Data Hardware 6 30 button or click on Data and Wananty Ends 05 25 05 With PSM 3 1 then Receive Data In either Gea egnen Siei Comm enabled case the Receive Data menu OO will open and all the different types of data files in the connected PowerSight will be displayed Make sure that there is a check in the box before the line High speed Transients in the Data Types to Receive section Next look inthe tabular section for high speed transient files that yo
180. ver by used The advantages and disadvantages of the 2 current mode were presented in the Measurement Modes section To avoid the confusion that results from operating in the 141 2 current mode by accident it is normally disabled in all new PowerSight units The user is required to enable the feature as an administrative function before the opportunity to operate in that mode is even offered in the user interface 142 Other Functions within PSM Introduction In addition to the many power analysis functions of PSM that have been presented in previous chapters there are several other functions available These are functions of convenience functions for setting up attached PowerSight meters and functions for setting up the PSM program They include Operate PowerSight via remote control Install new firmware Setting the initial greeting of the connected PowerSight Setting the time of the connected PowerSight Setting the cost KWH of the connected PowerSight Selecting the communications port of your computer Selecting the speed of communications of your computer Selecting the language of PSM Enabling serial communications debug mode Remote Control of PowerSight Remote control operation allows operating a Pomers connected PowerSight unit from your veer computer Your mouse and keyboard actuate the keys of the attached PowerSight A picture of the PowerSight and its display are visible on your computer screen This is very han
181. voltage current power power factor and THD for every cycle of every input The present value that is presented on the screen is the average of these readings for every cycle during the previous second The maximum value that is displayed on PowerSight is the maximum one cycle measurement since monitoring began The maximum value that is recorded into each record of the consumption log is the maximum one cycle measurement during that logging period The minimum value that is displayed on PowerSight is the minimum one cycle measurement since monitoring began The minimum value that is recorded into each record of the consumption log is the minimum one cycle measurement during that logging period To learn how to display the maximums minimums and averages since the beginning of monitoring on your PowerSight refer to the various sections on measurement types The maximums 100 minimums and averages of each logging period are logged This is the act of recording summarizing information once every logging period With PowerSight the logging period is set by the user whereas the measurement updating period is always once per second This insures that you don t miss valuable information related to the actual power used and the maximums and minimums present Further since the PS4000 does its measurements on every cycle of every input nothing is missed in the measurements and nothing is estimated After you direct PowerSight to stop
182. warnings of the previous sections before making the Fig 7 Recommended Three Phase Delta connections Connections Please Note Do not connect the Vn input to anything when measuring in phase phase measurement mode This may affect the measurements associated with individual phases In a delta configuration current flowing in each phase is due to the interaction of 2 different voltages For instance la current is the resultant of Vab and Vca Normally there is no way to determine what portion of the current is due to which voltage For this reason only the total power and total power factor have definite meaning in a delta system However comparing the power factors of each phase can be valuable for spotting a connection problem or problem with the load Delta power is common in motors and older industrial sites 20 A variation of delta is four wire or center tapped delta see figure 1D In this configuration if the main interest is in measuring phase neutral voltage then connect the neutral voltage to the neutral input for more accurate voltage readings Connecting to Three Phase Four Wire Delta Power Figure 6 presents the recommended connections to a three phase delta system where a neutral is provided from the center of one of the phases Be sure to follow the safety warnings of the previous sections before making the connections This type of system allows delivery of both three phase and single phas
183. what the waveforms of all the signals were when monitoring began 133 Report Generator Software Introduction PSM comes with a Report Generator Software program The Report Generator software provides concise reports to summarize and document findings Comparison reports are excellent for presenting before after comparisons of power usage and projected cost Separate logs can be compared or sections of the same log can be compared for this analysis Summary reports summarize the data of a log or a designated section of the log The reports can be data only or can combine data and graphs Generating a Report PowerSight Mai Me te a report either FF Ssetnss Ven Werom Dastossna Teck Heb CIIC l e and then New SUETA sN a eg ed PI Report at the main menu of Open Datalog PSM or run the program EANES Report exe located in the eae Software Options same directory of your jecerve Data computer that psm exe is Rael ERAD installed in The Report Information screen will now be displayed This screen allows you to enter general information that will be printed on the report such as the title of the report and contact information about the preparer of the report so the reader can contact him When you are done entering the information click on Next The Report Type Selection screen will now be displayed You must choose between doing a summary report or a comparison report A summary repo
184. will display 277 volts 480 43 if it is measured in phase neutral mode How to change the measurement mode is described in the Measurement Modes chapter At this point examine the voltage measurements to see if their size seems correct In single phase measurements as described in the Connecting to Single phase Power section typically the measurement mode is phase neutral Hot neutral is generally 120V in North America 100V in Japan and 230V everywhere else Ground neutral should be no more than a few volts Larger ground neutral readings probably mean that the neutral is under heavy load there is a faulty neutral ground bonad there is a high resistance neutral connection or the ground wire is floating If two hot s are connected as in figure 3 you may wish to be in phase phase measurement mode so that Vab reads 240V as is typically used for heavier residential loads in North America In this case Voc and Vca should each read 120V In a three phase phase neutral system all three voltages should be roughly the same Typical values in North America are 69 120V 208 277 and 346V When using 5KVP probes on a 4160V circuit the typical value is 2400V When using 15KVP probes on a 12 500V circuit the typical value is 7200V 36 In a three phase phase phase connection all three voltages should be roughly the same Typical values in North America are 120 240 480 600 4160 using 5KVP probes or connected to PT secondaries while u
185. y quite different from the product of the RMS voltage and RMS current Second a single phase wattmeter should not be used for this calculation since conditions normally change second by second and hence adding the watts of two different setups will at best give a feel for the correct true power Lastly this approach requires that you make the correct connections more than other approaches since an error will not be obvious and there is no way of recovering to an educated guess of the correct power reading Refer to the Phase Neutral vs Phase Phase vs 2 Current Mode section for how to operate the unit in 2 current probe mode Connections To a3 CT 3 PT Metering Circuit Sometimes it is helpful to monitor a load indirectly by connecting PowerSight to a metering circuit in front of the load A few circumstances where this is the case are the CTs current transformers and PTs potential transformers of the metering circuit are readily accessible for connecting to whereas the actual load carrying cables are not the conductors carrying the load are physically too large for your current probes to fit around them the load current is too large to be read by the current probes you have 23 the voltage delivered to the load exceeds the 600V insulation limit of the current probes the voltage delivered to the load exceeds the 600Vrms rating of PowerSight and you do not have other high voltage probes A typical metering circuit
186. yed in the heading Whatever is seen can be zoomed in on and can be printed Setting the Swell Dip Trigger Thresholds in PowerSight Press Setup key twice The display will be Check Trigger Levels Press Yes Accept The present setting for voltage swell will be displayed If you wish to change it press No Reject 117 The display will be Would you like a suggestion If you press Yes Acceptl it will suggest a trigger 5 above what seems to be the normal voltage that you are connected to at that time If you press No Reject it allows you to use the keypad to enter an RMS value of your choice Press Yes Accept when you are done Following this the voltage dip trigger level is displayed Press No Reject if you wish to change it The display will be Would you like a Suggestion If you press Yes Acceptl it will suggest a trigger 5 below what seems to be the normal voltage that you are connected to at that time If you press No Reject it allows you to use the keypad to enter an RMS value of your choice Press Yes Accept when you are done To skip over checking the transient trigger levels press Yes Accept twice The present setting for current swell and inrush will be displayed This value does not apply to neutral current Press No Reject if you wish to change it The display will be Would you like a suggestion If you press Yes Acceptl it will suggest a trigger 50 above wha
187. your interest is in The quality of incoming power e Managing power consumption or Maintaining and comparing equipment PowerSight puts all the power in the palm of your hand Note Throughout this manual whenever we refer to an individual key of the keypad we print the name on the key enclosed by square brackets For example the Volt key is referred to as Volt Connecting to PowerSight Voltage Test Leads A Deluxe Voltage Probe set consisting of four leads is included with each PowerSight Each of the voltage test leads is 6 feet 2 meters long with safety banana jacks at one end and safety plunger clamps at the other end Each is labeled at both ends as the Va Vb Vc or Vn test lead The safety plunger clamps have telescoping jaws that you can actuate while keeping your fingers three inches away from the actual metallic contact Regular test probes have conventional alligator jaw attachments that require your fingers to be within one inch of the metallic contact Also the method of attaching them can allow a gap in the insulation between the lead and where they join This is where your thumb and finger are pressing while you actuate it A For these reasons to avoid unnecessary risk of shock regular voltage test leads should not be connected to or disconnected from live circuits and should definitely not be connected to or disconnected from voltages above 120 Vrms A Another word of caution Whenever connecting

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