ProBuilder guide
Contents
1. www itfinance corr 4 56 IWN FINANCE Information Technology for Finance ProBuilder Chapter I Fundamentals Suppose we want to create an indicator displaying the Volume If you have already inserted the function RETURN then you just need to click one more time on Insert function Next click on Constants in the Categories section then in the right side of the window in the section named Functions click on Volume Finally click on Add g all ProBuilder Indicator creation taJla Indicator name Volume Microsoft 1 Programming of indicator 2 Yariable optimization Insert function ProBuilder help Add RETURN Yolume mati Indicator help In case of publication please provide the following information purpose enter or exit market situations it applies to high or low volatility securities it works best with any other useful information 3 Display indicator O Keep window open after validation Validate program d Cancel Before clicking on Validate program you need to enter the name of your indicator Here we named it Volume Microsoft To finish click on Validate program and you will see your indicator displayed below the price chart 5 56 IWN FINANCE information Technology for Finance ProBuyilder Chapter I Fundamentals all MSFT MICROSOFT CP 19 24 0 79 Daily 15 Jan o lE E K 3months v Daily y IndicatoriB2. AccumDistr AccumDistr close Classical Accumulation Distribution indicator ADX ADX N Indicator Average Directional Index or ADX of n periods ADXR ADXRIN Indicator Average Directional Index Rate or ADXR of n periods AND aAND b Logical AND Operator AroonDown AroonDown N Aroon Down indicator of n periods AroonUp AroonUp N Aroon Up indicator of n periods Atan Atan a mathematical function Arctangent of a AS RETURN Result AS Instruction used to name a line or indicator ResultName displayed on chart Used with RETURN Average Average N price Simple Moving Average of n periods AverageTrueRange AverageTrueRange N price Average True Range True Range smoothed with the Wilder method B CODE SYNTAX FUNCTION Barlndex Barlndex counts how many bars are displayed on all the data loaded BollingerBandWidth BollingerBandWidth N price Bollinger Bandwidth indicator BollingerDown BollingerDown N price Lower Bollinger band BollingerUp BollingerUp N price Upper Bollinger band BREAK FOR DO BREAK NEXT Instruction forcing the exit of FOR loop or or WHILE loop WHILE DO BREAK WEND 48 56 IWN FINANCE Information Technology for Finance C CODE CALL CCl ChaikinOsc Chandle ChandeKrollStopUp ChandeKrollStopDown Close COLOURED COs Crosses Over Crosses Under CUMSUM CurrentDayOfWeek CurrentHour CurrentMinute CurrentMonth CurrentSecond CurrentTime CurrentYear CustomClose Cycle P
3. Dhigh 0 b Dlow 0 MyRange a b RETURN MyRange PY The terms adapted to the timeframe of the chart use square brackets while the daily price terms use brackets Close 3 The closing price 3 periods ago Dclose 3 The closing price 3 days ago 9 56 IWN FINANCE o A Tor EOR ProBuilder Chapter I Fundamentals 3 Temporal Terms Time is often a neglected component of technical analysis However traders know very well the importance of some time periods in the day or dates in the year It is possible in your programs to take into account time and date and improve the efficiency of your indicators The Temporal Terms are described hereafter Date indicates the date of the close of each bar in the format YearMonthDay YYYYMMDD Temporal Terms are considered by ProBuilder as whole numbers The Date term for example must be used as one number made up of 8 figures Let s write down the program RETURN Date Suppose today is the 4th of July 2008 the program above will return the value 20080704 for today and 20080703 for yesterday and so on for previous days Date under ProBuilder is then based on the following scale of value One millennium is equivalent to 10 000 000 date units One century is equivalent to 1 000 000 date units One decade is equivalent to 100 000 date units One year is equivalent to 10 000 date units Ten months are equivalent to 1 000 date units do not exceed 12 months One month is
4. Mathematical Function Neperian logarithm of a Low of the current bar or of the n th last bar Lowest price over a number of bars to be defined 51 56 IWN FINANCE Information Technology for Finance CODE MACD MACDline MassIindex Max MedianPrice Min Minute Mod Momentum MoneyFlow MoneyFlowIindex Month CODE Next Not O CODE OBV ONCE Open OpenOfNextBar OR ProBuilder SYNTAX MACDIS L Sil price MACDLine S L price MassIndex N Max a b MedianPrice Min a b Minute a Mod b Momentum N MoneyFlow N price MoneyFlowIndex N Month N SYNTAX See FOR TO NEXT Not A SYNTAX OBV price ONCE VariableName VariableValue Open N OpenOfNextBar N aORb Glossary FUNCTION Moving Average Convergence Divergence MACD in histogram MACD line indicator Mass Index Indicator applied over N bars Mathematical Function Maximum Average of the high and the low Mathematical Function Minimum Represents the minute of each bar loaded in the chart Mathematical Function remainder of the division Momentum indicator close close of the n th last bar MoneyFlow indicator result between 1 and 1 MoneyFlow Index indicator Represents the month of each bar loaded in the chart FUNCTION Ending Instruction of FOR loop Logical Operator NOT FUNCTION On Balance Volume indicator Introduces a definition statement which will be processed only once Open of the cur
5. i 20 i OK Cancel 17 56 INN FINANCE information Technology for Finance ProByilder Chapter I Fundamentals Click on the OK button Then in the Settings window in this case Settings MyMovingAverage you will see a new parameter which will allow you to modify the number of periods in the calculation of the moving average Settings MyMovingAverage LX Add Y Color uptrend MyMovingAverage A Color dowentrend Highlight value on Y axis n 20 2 Madify indicator Close Of course it is possible to do the same with many variables giving you the possibility to manipulate multiple parameters at the same time for the same indicator 18 56 IWN FINANCE A for FOA ProBuilder Chapter Il Math Functions and ProBuilder instructions CHAPTER II MATH FUNCTIONS AND PROBUILDER INSTRUCTIONS Control Structures 1 Conditional instruction IF The IF instruction is used to make a conditioned action meaning executing the action if one or more conditions is met The structure is made up of the instructions IF THEN ELSE ELSIF ENDIF which are used depending on the complexity of the conditions you defined a One condition one result IF THEN ENDIF We can look for a condition and define an action if that condition is true On the other hand if the condition is not valid then nothing will happen By default Result 0 In this example if current price is
6. DOWNTO DO NEXTD oooocccccconoocccccccononnnccononanonccnnnonnnnnncnnnnnnnnnccnns 24 3 Conditional Loop VWWHAILEsciosccmessieecsodistelsoulscui lei dc leida 25 AES A A UP O ara E een ecutnc A a EEE 26 a With WB citada laa ESA 26 b WIth FOR ocio dara 27 A a aen aa Eao SEn RDSE 28 a With WHILE cinc EE NE E 28 De WITT FOR assi S S 28 EE A A r PP A E 29 Mathematical PUNnCUON Scsi dd 30 1 Common Unary and Binary FUNC IONS oooococccoconcccocccccnnccccnononnnnnnnonononononccnnnnncnnnnnns 30 2 Common mathematical OperatOrs cc c cicce cccsscee sce cnctaeecseeteenenesensecceccaseseeseaesenenes 30 3 Charting comparison PURGUONS xe anchetcncectalanctacsoniaceseiinecetntencrapaiteinediwd centencedweieddealies 31 4 Summation FUNCIONA acrilico 31 5 Statistical FUNCIONS voii ai e sacd ei 31 ESgicalOpPerators coo o tri a 32 ProB lld r N TUCASA a DES 32 RETURN a dia cios a a a a E 32 2 REM Oi S e AE EA vot rea a edad eg ee ia 33 3 GUSTOMCIOSE divi gered e a a ee ae a aE a EE EREKE EE OE EEEE 33 A ER EEEE A E O 34 DNE ee E E A E A E AE A RON Teen 34 6 COLOURED T E E E ae E cis 35 Chapter Ill Practical Aspects Create a binary or ternary indicator why and hoWPlooooocccnnncccnnncncncnnnnnnnnnnnnanononnnnnnnos 37 Create STOP indicators follow your position in real tiMe eseeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeees 38 Tatatictake POs TOP aaa a e corner ire 39 2 tae STOP TOS a A AA at E 40 S Inactivity STOP se cd aa Tet
7. ExponentialAverage 12 Close ExponentialAverage 26 Close REM Calculation of the MACD Signal line MACDSignalLine ExponentialAverage 9 MACDLine REM Calculation of the difference between the MACD line and its Signal MACDHistogramme MACDLine MACDSignalLine RETURN MACDHistogramme 16 56 IWN FINANCE information Technology for Finance ProBuilder Chapter I Fundamentals Variables When you code an indicator you may want to introduce variables The variables option in the upper right corner of the window allows you to attribute a default value to an undefined term and manipulate it in the settings window of the indicator without modifying the code of your program Let s calculate a simple moving average on 20 periods RETURN Average 20 Close ic all EURUSD EUR USD Spot 1 3202 0 32 5 minutes 8 24 o e K 1 week x 5 minutes y Indicator Backtest T Finance com Data is rea time MyMovingAverage J x 11 13 14 15 16 adasa ap aa a In order to modify the number of periods for the calculation directly from the indicator Settings interface replace 20 with the variable n RETURN Average n Close Then click on Ada in Variables and another window named Variable definition will be displayed Fill it in as follows lt gt Variable definition Label in program n Label in properties window n l Type Integer E Restriction gt 0 lv Default value
8. Ten seconds are equivalent to 10 time units do not exceed 59 seconds One second is equivalent to 1 time unit do not exceed 59 seconds The following terms work the same way Minute Minute of the close of each bar from O to 59 Only for intraday charts Hour Hour of the close of each bar from O to 23 Only for intraday charts Day Day of the months of the closing price of each bar from 1 to 28 or 29 or 30 or 31 Month Month of the closing price of each bar from 1 to 12 Year Year of the closing price of each bar DayOfWeek Day of the Week of the close of each bar does not use weekendDays 1 monday 2 tuesday 3 wednesday 4 thursday 5 friday Example a Hour gt 170000 b Day 30 RETURN a AND b CurrentHour Current Hour of the local market CurrentMinute Current Minute of the local market CurrentMonth Current Month of the local market CurrentSecond Current Second of the local market Today Current Date of the local market CurrentTime Current HourMinuteSecond of the local market CurrentYear Current Year of the local market ni G 4 4 4 4 CurrentDayOfWeek Current Day of the week with the market time zone as a reference The difference between the Current terms and the non Current terms presented above is the Current aspect 12 56 IWN FINANCE information Technology for Finance ProByilder Chapter I Fundamentals The following picture brings to l
9. 19 DO IF Volume i gt Volume i 1 THEN Count Count 1 ELSE BREAK ENDIF NEXT RETURN Count In this code if BREAK weren t used the loop would have continued until 19 last element of the series even if the condition count is not valid However with BREAK as soon as the condition is valid the result becomes 0 27 56 IWN FINANCE A A or EAOa ProBuilder Chapter Il Math Functions and ProBuilder instructions 5 CONTINUE The CONTINUE instruction allows you to resume the program reader at the line where WHILE or FOR is written thus without restarting completely the loop any incremented counter will thus keep its value and not be reset to 0 This command is often used with BREAK either to leave the loop BREAK or to stay in the loop CONTINUE a With WHILE Let s create a program counting the number of candlesticks whose close and open are greater than those of the candlestick preceding them If the condition is not valid then the counter will be reset to 0 Increase Close gt Close 1 Count 0 WHILE Open lt Open 1 DO IF Increase Count THEN Count Count 1 CONTINUE ENDIF BREAK WEND RETURN Count When using CONTINUE if the IF condition is not valid then the WHILE loop is not ended This allows us to count the number of patterns detected with this condition Without the CONTINUE instruction the program would leave the loop even if the IF condition is validated Then we would not be able to continue cou
10. IntradayBarlndex Counter of intraday bars The counter displays the number of bars since the beginning of the day and then resets to zero at the beginning of every new day The first bar of the counter is considered bar number 0 Let s compare the two counter terms with two separated indicators RETURN Barlndex and RETURN IntradayBarlndex p al EURUSD EUR USD Spot 1 3203 0 33 5minutes 8 22 fs fon K 1 week y 5 minutes v Indicator Backtest T Finance com Data is real time IntradayBarlndex Jo P E I 11 13 14 15 16 a asu a A NA a We can clearly see the difference between them IntradayBarlndex reset itself to zero at the beginning of every new day 14 56 IWN FINANCE o A Tor EAOa ProBuilder Chapter I Fundamentals 4 Terms Derived from Price These terms allows you to get more complete information compared to Open High Low and Close since they combine those prices so to emphasize some aspects of the financial market psychology shown on the current bar Range difference between High and Low TypicalPrice average between High Low and Close WeightedClose weighted average of High weight 1 Low weight 1 and Close weight 2 MedianPrice average between High and Low TotalPrice average between Open High Low and Close Le Range shows the volatility of the current bar which is an estimation of how nervous investors are You can create an indicator with one of t
11. Open 2 The reported value will depend on the displayed timeframe of the chart 8 56 IWN FINANCE information Technology for Finance ProBuilder Chapter I Fundamentals FOCUS OpenOfNextBar OpenOfNextBar can be used the same way as the Open constant It follows this rule OpenOfNextBar n 1 Open n where n gt 0 For example OpenOfNextBar 1 Open OpenOfNextBar 2 Open 1 OpenOfNextBar 3 Open 2 2 Daily Price Terms Contrary to the terms adapted to the timeframe of the chart the daily price terms refer to the value of the day regardless the timeframe of the chart Another difference between Daily price terms and terms adapted to the timeframe of the chart is that the daily price terms use brackets and not square brackets to call the values of previous bars Dopen n Opening price of the nth day before the one of the current bar Dhigh n Highest price of the nth day before the one of the current bar Dlow n Lowest price of the nth day before the one of the current bar Dclose n Closing price of the nth day before the one of the current bar Note n can be equal to 0 if we want to call the value for today as shown in the example below Day traders know the importance of the close of the day before and of the open that is a moment of emotion when the novices enter or exit the market The high and low of the previous days can indicate the price changes of the next day Example Daily Range a
12. equivalent to 100 date units do not exceed 12 months Ten days are equivalent to10 date units do not exceed 31 seconds One day is equivalent to 1 date unit do not exceed 31 seconds Time indicates the hour of the closing price of each bar in the format HourMinuteSecond HHMMSS 10 56 INN FINANCE information Technology fer Finance ProBuilder Chapter I Fundamentals Example RETURN Time This indicator shows us the closing time of each bar in the format HHMMSS EURUSD EUR USD Spot 1 3194 0 26 4hours 8 19 loja Es El 1 month y l4 hours v Indicator Backtest T Finance com Data is rea time 200 000 150 000 100 000 30 000 50 000 0 17 19 23 26 30 2009 6 3 11 14 16 ada Sa E It is also possible to use Time and Date in the same indicator to do analysis or display results at a precise moment In the following example we want to limit our indicator to the date of October 1st at precisely 9am and 1 second a Date 20081001 b Time 090001 RETURN a AND b 11 56 INWN FINANCE Information Technology for Finance ProBuilder Chapter I Fundamentals Similar to Date Time uses the following scale of value Ten hours are equivalent to 100 000 time units do not exceed 23 hours One hour is equivalent to 10 000 units do not exceed 23 hours Ten minutes are equivalent to 1 000 time units do not exceed 59 minutes One minute is equivalent to 100 time units do not exceed 59 minutes
13. long position If you are a seller you will take into account the higher curve representing a10 loss 110 of the price when you took your short position The code of this indicator is We define in the variable option StartingTime 100000 this is an example for 10 am set this to the time you entered your position Price Price when you took your position II You can look at StopLONG if looking at a long position and StopShort if you are looking at a short position You can also remove StopLONG or StopSHORT if you only work with long positions or only work with short positions AmplitudeUp represents the variation rate of Price used to draw the Stop Loss for short position default 0 9 AmplitudeDown represents the variation rate of Price used to draw the Tsop Loss for long position default 1 1 IF Time StartingTime THEN StopLONG AmplitudeUp Price StopSHORT AmplitudeDown Price ENDIF RETURN StopLONG COLOURED 0 0 0 AS StopLoss LONG 10 StopSHORT COLOURED 0 255 0 AS StopLoss SHORT 10 3 Inactivity STOP An inactivity STOP closes the position when the gains have not obtained a certain objective defined in or in points over a certain period defined in number of bars Remember to define the variables in the Variables section Example of Inactivity Stop on Intraday Charts This stop must be used with those two indicators The first indicator juxtaposed to the curve of the price The se
14. lt b or a lt b ais less than or equal to b a gt b ais strictly greater than b a gt b or a gt b ais greater than or equal to b a b a is equal to b or b is attributed to a nan a 2 2 Y a lt gt b ais different from b 30 56 o A e EAOa ProBuilder Chapter Il Math Functions and ProBuilder instructions 3 Charting comparison Functions a Crosses Over b the a curve crosses over the b curve a Crosses Under b the a curve crosses under the b curve 4 Summation Functions Cumsum Calculates the sum of a price or indicator over all bars loaded on the chart The syntax of Cumsum is Cumsum price or indicator Ex Cumsum Close calculates the sum of the close of all the bars loaded on the chart Summation Calculates the sum of a price or indicator over the last n bars The sum is calculated starting from the most recent value from right to left The syntax of Summation is Summation number of bars price or indicator Ex Summation 20 Open calculates the sum of the open of the last 20 bars 5 Statistical Functions The syntax of all these functions is the same as the syntax for the Summation function that is Lowest number of bars price or indicator Lowest displays the lowest value of the price or indicator written between brackets over the number of periods defined Highest displays the highest value of the price or indicator written between brackets over the number of p
15. 26 30 2009 6 8 ada SU TARA www itfinance com 36 56 INWN FINANCE Information Technology for Finance ProBuilder Chapter lll Practical Aspects CHAPTER lll PRACTICAL ASPECTS Create a binary or ternary indicator why and how A binary or ternary indicator is an indicator which returns only two or three possible results usually 0 1 or 1 Its main purpose in a trading context is to identify very quickly the pattern or conditions you defined in your indicator with a visual signal Purpose of a binary or ternary indicator Detect the main candlestick patterns ex Harami Morning Stars Hammers Make it easier to read the chart when trying to identify specific conditions Place simple 1 condition alerts on an indicator which includes several conditions gt you will have more alerts at your disposal Detect complex conditions on historical data loaded Make it easier to create a backtest Furthermore you can find in the ProBackTest manual many examples of stops to be inserted in investment strategies Binary or ternary indicators are built essentially with IF structures We advise you to read the IF section before continuing your reading page 19 Lets look at an example of a binary and ternary indicator Binary Indicator hammer detection hammer Hammer Close gt Open AND High Close AND Open Low gt 3 Close Open IF Hammer THEN Result 1 ELSE T Result 0 ENDIF RETURN Result AS
16. 6 COLOURED COLOURED is used after the RETURN command to color the curve displayed with the color of your choice defined with the RGB norm red green blue These are the main colors of this norm RGB Value red green blue 0 O 0 Black 255 255 255 White 255 0 0 Red 0 255 0 Green 0 0 255 Blue 255 255 0 Yellow 0 255 255 Cyan 255 0 255 Magenta The syntax of the Coloured command is RETURN Indicator COLOURED Red Green Blue The AS command can be associated with the COLOURED command This association must be used in this order RETURN Indicator COLOURED Red Green Blue AS Name Of The Curve Let s go back to the previous example and insert COLOURED in the RETURN line a ExponentialAverage 200 Close b WeightedAverage 200 Close c Average 200 Close RETURN a COLOURED 255 0 0 AS Exponential Moving Average b COLOURED 0 255 0 AS Weighted Moving Average c COLOURED 0 0 255 AS Simple Moving Average 35 56 INN FINANCE information Technology for Finance pr oBuilder Chapter II Math Functions and ProBuilder instructions This picture shows you the color customization of the result Prev day close 0 1 0 0013 O IT Finance com Data is real time Unit change 0 4 0 0052 eighted Moving Average 1 3407 fa Simple Moving Average 1 3503 a NotColoured P gt a eighted Average 1 3407 ke Arithmetical Average 1 3503 17 19 23
17. Ahigh 24 56 IWN FINANCE formatan A Tor EAOa ProBuilder Chapter Il Math Functions and ProBuilder instructions 3 Conditional Loop WHILE WHILE is used to keep doing an action while a condition remains true You will see that this instruction is very similar to the simple conditional instruction IF THEN ENDIF This structure uses the following instructions WHILE DO optional WEND end WHILE Its syntax is WHILE Condition DO Action 1 Action n WEND Example Result 0 WHILE Close gt Average 20 Close DO Result 1 WEND RETURN Result Example indicator calculating the number of consecutive increases Increase Close gt Close 1 Count 0 WHILE Increase Count DO Count Count 1 WEND RETURN Count General comment on the conditional instruction WHILE Similarly to IF the program will not process the conditional loop if the condition is unknown For example Count 0 WHILE i lt gt 11 DO i i 1 Count Count 1 WEND RETURN Count 25 56 IWN FINANCE aforma A for EAOa ProBuilder Chapter Il Math Functions and ProBuilder instructions The WHILE instruction does not recognize the value of i Therefore it cannot test whether i is equal to 10 or not and the loop will not be processed hence the count is equal to 0 The correct code would be i 0 Count 0 WHILE i lt gt 11 DO i i 1 Count Count 1 WEND RETURN Count In this code i is initialized The loop will then work correctly sinc
18. ExponentialAverage 20 Close gt 0 THEN Result 1 ELSE Result 1 ENDIF ENDIF RETURN Result d Multiple Conditions IF THEN ELSE ELSIF ENDIF You can define a specific result for a specific condition The indicator reports many states if Condition 1 is valid then do Action1 else if Condition 2 is valid then do Action 2 if none of the previously mentioned conditions are valid then do Action n This structure uses the following instructions IF THEN ELSIF THEN ELSE ENDIF The syntax is IF Condition1 THEN Action1 ELSIF Condition2 THEN Action2 ELSIF Condition3 THEN Action3 ELSE Action n ENDIF You can also replace ELSIF with ELSE IF but your program will take longer to write Of course you will have to end the loop with as many instance of ENDIF as IF If you want to make multiple conditions in your program we advise you to use ELSIF rather than ELSE IF for this reason 20 56 IWN FINANCE aforats A Tor EAOa ProBuilder Chapter Il Math Functions and ProBuilder instructions Example detection of bearish and bullish engulfing lines using the Elsif instruction This indicator displays 1 if a bullish engulfing line is detected 1 if a bearish engulfing line is detected and 0 if neither of them is detected Detection of a bullish engulfing line Condition1 Close 1 lt Open 1 Condition2 Open lt Close 1 Condition3 Close gt Open 1 Condition4 Open lt Close Detection of a bea
19. Hammer Ternary Indicator Golden Cross and Death Cross detection a ExponentialAverage 10 Close b ExponentialAverage 20 Close c 0 Golden Cross detection IF a Crosses Over b THEN c 1 ENDIF Death Cross detection IF a Crosses Under b THEN c 1 ENDIF RETURN c 37 56 IWN FINANCE A A Tor FOA ProBuilder Chapter lll Practical Aspects A all EURUSD EUR USD Spot 1 3132 1 70 1 hour 16 37 o Js K 1 week y 1 hour v Indicator Backtest T Finance com Data is rea time cos 08 14 15 16 18 adas o _ _ AIR QA Note we have displayed the exponential moving average over 10 and 20 periods both applied to the close in order to highlight the results of the indicator You can find other candlestick pattern indicators starting on page 43 Create STOP indicators follow your position in real time It is possible to create STOP indicators meaning potential places to exit the market defined by personalized parameters With the backtesting module ProBackTest which is the subject of another programming manual you can also define the stop levels of a backtest However programming a stop as an indicator is interesting because lt allows to visualize the stop as a line which updates in real time on the chart ex trailing stop Itis possible to place real time alerts to be immediately informed of the situation Itis not necessary to create long or short orders contrary to ProB
20. ackTest Programming Stops is also a means to master the commands you saw in the previous chapters 38 56 IWN FINANCE Information Technology for Finance ProBuilder Chapter lll Practical Aspects These are the 4 categories of stop we will focus on StaticTake Profit STOP Static STOP Loss Inactivity STOP Trailing STOP trailing stop loss or trailing take profit The indicators presented in the following examples are possible codes to create stop indicators You will most probably personalize them using the instructions you learned in the previous chapters 1 StaticTake Profit STOP A Static Take Profit designates a level that if price reaches it we plan to close our position and exit with gains By definition this STOP is a fixed level horizontal line The user of this kind of STOP will exit his position and take his profit when this level is reached The indicator coded below indicates two levels and StartingTime is the moment you entered your position If you are a buyer you will take into account the higher curve representing a 10 profit 110 of the price when you took your long position If you are a seller you will take into account the lower curve representing a10 profit 90 of the price when you took your short position IWe define in the variable option IStartingTime 100000 this is an example for 10 am set this to the time you entered your position Price Price when you took yo
21. acktest Votame merosot Z 5 O Nov Dec 2009 a AaS MWANA Specificities of ProBuilder programming language Specificities The ProBuilder language allows you to use many classic commands as well as sophisticated tools which are specific to technical analysis These commands will be used to program from simple to very complex indicators The main ideas to know in the ProBuilder language are Itis not necessary to declare variables Itis not necessary to type variables There is no difference between capital letters and small letters but as we will see later there is one exception We use the same symbol for mathematic equality and to attribute a value to a variable What does that mean Declare a variable X means indicating its existence In ProBuilder you can directly use X without having to declare it Let s take an example With declaration let be variable X we attribute to X the value 5 Without declaration We attribute to X the value 5 therefore implicitly X exists and the value 5 is attributed to it In ProBuilder you just need to write X 5 6 56 IWN FINANCE A A OE EOS ProBuilder Chapter I Fundamentals Type a variable means defining its nature For example is the variable a natural number ex 3 8 21 643 a whole number which can be negative or positive ex 3 632 37 a decimal number ex 1 76453534535 a boolean RIGHT 1 WRONG 0 In ProBu
22. ayOfWeek Dclose DEMA Dhigh DI Diminus Diplus Dlow DO Dopen DOWNTO DPO E CODE EaseOfMovement ELSE ELSEIF EMV ENDIF EndPointAverage Exp ExponentialAverage ProBuilder SYNTAX Date N Day N Days N DayOfWeek N Dclose N DEMA N price Dhigh N DI N price Diminus N price Diplus N price Dlow N See FOR and WHILE Dopen N See FOR DPO N price SYNTAX EaseOfMovement l See IF THEN ELSE ENDIF See IF THEN ELSIF ELSE ENDIF EMVIN See IF THEN ELSE ENDIF EndPointAverage N price Exp a ExponentialAverage N price Glossary FUNCTION Reports the date of each bar loaded on the chart Reports the day of each bar loaded in the chart Counter of days since 1900 Day of the week of each bar Close of the n th day before the current one Double Exponential Moving Average High of the n th bar before the current bar Represents DI minus DI Represents the DI indicator Represents the DI indicator Low of the n th day before the current one Optional instruction in FOR loop and WHILE loop to define the loop action Open of the n th day before the current one Instruction used in FOR loop to process the loop with a descending order Detrented Price Oscillator FUNCTION Ease of Movement indicator Instruction used to call the second condition of If conditional statements Stands for Else If to be used inside of conditional loop Ease of Movement Value in
23. cond indicator must be displayed in a separated chart 40 56 IWN FINANCE Information Technology for Finance ProBuilder Chapter lll Practical Aspects Indicator1 We define in the variable option MyVolatility 0 01 represents variation rate between the each part of the range and the close IF IntradayBarlndex 0 THEN ShortTarget 1 MyVolatility Close LongTarget 1 MyVolatility Close ENDIF RETURN ShortTarget AS ShortTarget LongTarget AS LongTarget Indicator2 We define in the variable option REM We supposed that you take an On Market Price position MyVolatility 0 01 represents variation rate between the each part of the range and the close NumberOfBars 20 the close can fluctuate within the range defined during a maximum of NumberOfBars before the position is cut Result 1 Result 0 Cpt 0 IF IntradayBarlndex 0 THEN ShortTarget 1 MyVolatility Close LongTarget 1 MyVolatility Close ENDIF FOR i IntradayBarlndex DOWNTO 1 DO IF Close i gt ShortTarget AND Close i lt LongTarget THEN Cpt Cpt 1 ELSE Cpt 0 ENDIF IF Cpt NumberOfBars THEN Result 1 ENDIF NEXT RETURN Result www it finance com 41 56 IWN FINANCE Information Technology for Finance ProBuilder Chapter lll Practical Aspects 4 Trailing Stop A trailing STOP follows the evolution of the price dynamically and indicates when to close a position We suggest you two ways to code the trailing STOP the first one repr
24. d after reading the previous parts Users more confident in their programming skills can skip directly to chapter II or just refer to the Glossary to quickly find the information they want Wishing you the best good reading 1 56 IWN FINANCE information Technology for Finance ProBuyilder Chapter I Fundamentals 8 CHAPTER I FUNDAMENTALS Accessing ProBuilder The programming zone of an indicator is available by clicking the button Indicator Backtest which can be found in the upper right corner of each graphic of the platform mill EURUSD EUR USD Spot 1 3220 0 46 Daily 8 09 olas K 3 months y Daily v Indicator Backtest T Finance com Data is real time Nov 2009 Aa dva sg MWANA The indicators management window will be displayed You will then be able to Display a pre existing indicator Create a personalized indicator which can be used afterwards on any security 2 56 IWN FINANCE information Technology fer Finance ProBuilder Chapter I Fundamentals If you choose the second possibility click on New indicator to access the programming window At that time you will be able to choose between programming directly an indicator in the text zone designed for writing code or use the help function by clicking on Insert Function This will open a new window in which you can find all the functions available This library is separated in 7 categories to give y
25. dicator Ending Instruction of IF conditional statement End Point Moving Average of a Mathematical Function Exponential Exponential Moving Average 50 56 IWN FINANCE Information Technology for Finance F G CODE FOR TO NEXT Forcelndex H CODE High Highest HistoricVolatility Hour I J K CODE IF THEN ENDIF IF THEN ELSE ENDIF IntradayBarlndex L CODE LinearRegression LinearRegressionSlope Log Low Lowest ProBuilder SYNTAX FOR i a TO b DO a NEXT Forcelndex price SYNTAX High N Highest N price HistoricVolatility N price Hour N SYNTAX IF a THEN b ENDIF IF a THEN b ELSE c ENDIF IntradayBarlndex N SYNTAX LinearRegression N price LinearRegressionSlope N price Log a Low N Lowest N price Glossary FUNCTION FOR loop processes all the values with an ascending TO or a descending order DOWNTO Force Index indicator determines who controls the market buyer or seller FUNCTION High of the current bar or of the n th last bar Highest price over a number of bars to be defined Historic Volatility or statistic volatility Represents the hour of each bar loaded in the chart FUNCTION Group of conditional instructions without second instruction Group of conditional instructions Counts how many bars are displayed in one day on the whole data loaded FUNCTION Linear Regression inidcator Slope of the Linear Regression inidcator
26. e can aea ra id s tat cal ante ta Aiba TETE r Eaei Sat 40 A PANG SOW AS A Pt Re a ft cA Cate Sad eke a Ales tie RA A 42 Chapter IV Exercises Canalesticks pate a 43 NEN CUICALONS sce eh tes ected han a tb 46 Glossary IWN FINANCE information Technology for Finance ProBuilder Introduction to ProBuilder E INTRODUCTION TO PROBUILDER ProBuilder is a BASIC type programming language very easy to handle and exhaustive in terms of available possibilities You will be able to create your own programs using the quotes from any instrument Some basic available elements include Opening of each bar Open Closing of each bar Close Highest price of each bar High Lowest price of each bar Low Volume of each bar Volume ProBuilder evaluates the data of each price bar starting with the oldest one to the most recent one and then executes the formula developed in the language in order to determine the value of the indicators on the current bar The indicators coded in ProBuilder can be displayed either in the price chart or in an individual one In this document you will learn step by step how to use the available commands necessary to program in this language thanks to a clear theoretical overview and concrete examples In the end of the manual you will find a Glossary which will give you an overall view of all the ProBuilder commands pre existing indicators and other functions completing what you would have learne
27. e of code Optionally with other functions such as AS and COLOURED To display many results we write RETURN followed with what we want to display and separated with a comma example RETURN a b 32 56 IWN FINANCE a anay e EAA ProBuilder Chapter II Math Functions and ProBuilder instructions 2 REM or REM allows you to write remarks or comments inside the code They are mainly useful to remember how a function you coded works These remarks will be read but of course not processed by the program Let s illustrate the concept with the following example REM This program returns the simple moving average over 20 periods applied to the closing price RETURN Average 20 Close Y Don t use special characters examples U c in ProBuilder even in the REM section 3 CustomClose CustomClose is a term allowing you to display the terms Close Open High Low and many others which can be customized in the Settings window of the indicator lts syntax is the same as the one of the terms adapted to the timeframe of the chart CustomClose n Example II Displays the average over 20 periods applied to CustomClose RETURN Average 20 CustomClose By clicking on the wrench in the upper left corner of the chart you will see that it is possible to customize the prices used in the calculation on the diagram circled in blue Settings Custom x Add y Color uptrend Custom E Color dowentrend Highligh
28. e previous reading To fully understand how this command works you need to perceive how the language processes the code hence the usefulness of the next example These are two programs returning respectively O and 15 and which only difference is the ONCE command added Program 1 Program 2 L1 Count 0 L1 ONCE Count 0 L2 i 0 L2 ONCE i 0 L3 IF i lt 5 THEN L3 IF i lt 5 THEN L4 Count Count i L4 Count Count i L5 i i 1 L5 i i 1 L6 ENDIF L6 ENDIF L7 RETURN Count L7 RETURN Count Let s see how the language read the code Program 1 For the first bar the language will read line 1 L1 Count 0 i 0 then L2 L3 L4 L5 and L6 Count 0 i 1 For the next bar the program starts at the beginning and both i and count are set to 0 so count will always return O for every bar Program 2 For the first bar the language will read L1 Count 0 i 0 then L2 L3 L4 L5 L6 Count 0 i 1 When it arrives at the line RETURN it restarts the loop to calculate the value of the next bar starting from L3 the lines with ONCE are processed only one time L4 L5 L6 Count 1 i 2 then go back again Count 3 i 3 and so forth to Count 15 i 6 Arrived at this result the IF loop is not processed anymore because the condition is not valid anymore the only line left to read is L7 hence the result is 15 for the remaining bars loaded 29 56 IWN FINANCE A ee ProBuilder Chapter II Math Functions and ProBu
29. e the condition for beginning the loop is valid 4 BREAK The BREAK instruction allows you to make a forced exit out of a WHILE loop or a FOR loop Combinations are possible with the IF command inside a WHILE loop or a FOR loop a With WHILE When we try to get out of a conditional WHILE loop without waiting for a situation where the condition is not valid we use BREAK Its syntax is WHILE Condition DO Action BREAK WEND 26 56 IWN FINANCE o A for Ea ProBuilder Chapter II Math Functions and ProBuilder instructions Let s take for example an indicator showing increases of the price REM Trend indicator indicates increases REM When the indicator is equal to 1 then an increase is detected else the indicator is equal to 0 Increase Close Close 1 gt 0 Indicator 0 i 0 WHILE Increase i DO Indicator Indicator 1 i i 1 BREAK WEND RETURN Indicator In this code if BREAK wasn t used the loop would have resumed and the result would be another trend indicator which would have cumulated increases b With FOR When we try to get out of an iterative FOR loop without reaching the last or first value of the series we use BREAK FOR Variable BeginningValueOfTheSeries TO EndingValueOfTheSeries DO Action BREAK NEXT Let s take for example an indicator cumulating increases of the volume of the last 19 periods This indicator will be equal to 0 if the volume decreases Count 0 FOR i 0 TO
30. echnology for Finance 8 CHAPTER IV EXERCISES Candlesticks patterns GAP UP or DOWN The candlesticks can be either black or white A gap is defined by these two conditions the current low is strictly greater than the high of the previous bar or the current high is strictly lesser than the low of the previous bar the absolute value of the current low the high of the previous bar the high of the previous bar is strictly greater than amplitude or the current high the low of the previous bar the low of the previous bar is strictly greater than amplitude ProBuilder Chapter IV Exercises 43 56 IWN FINANCE Initialization of Amplitude Amplitude 0 001 Initialization of detector Detector 0 Gap Up 1st condition of the existence of a gap IF Low gt High 1 THEN 2nd condition of the existence of a gap IF ABS Low High 1 High 1 gt Amplitude THEN Behavior of the detector Detector 1 ENDIF ENDIF Gap Down 1st condition of the existence of a gap IF high lt low 1 THEN 2nd condition of the existence of a gap IF ABS High Low 1 Low 1 gt Amplitude THEN Behavior of the detector Detector 1 ENDIF ENDIF Result display RETURN Detector AS Gap detection wiv i finance com Chapter IV Exercises 44 56 IWN FINANCE Information Technology for Finance ProBuilder Chapter IV Exercises Doji flexible version In this code we define a d
31. entum Index indicator Smoothed Stochastic Mathematical Function a Squared 53 56 IWN FINANCE Information Technology for Finance Saqrt STD STE Stochastic Summation SuperTrend T CODE Tan TEMA THEN Time TimeSeriesAverage TO Today TotalPrice TR TriangularAverage TRIX TypicalPrice U CODE Undefined ProBuilder Sart a STDJ N price STE N price Stochastic N K price Summation N price SuperTrend STF N SYNTAX Tan a TEMA N price See IF THEN ELSE ENDIF Time N TimeSeriesAverage N price See FOR TO NEXT Today N TotalPrice N TR price TriangularAverage N price TRIX N price TypicalPrice N SYNTAX a Undefined Glossary Mathematical Function Squared Root of a Statistical Function Standard Deviation Statistical Function Standard Error K Line of the Stochastic indicator Sums a Certain price over the N last candlesticks Super Trend indicator FUNCTION Mathematical Function Tangent of a Triple Exponential Moving Average Instruction following the first condition of IF Represents the time of each bar loaded in the chart Temporal series moving average Directional Instruction in the FOR loop Date of the bar n periods before the current bar Close Open High Low 4 True Range indicator Triangular Moving Average Triple Smoothed Exponential Moving Average Represents the Typical Price Average of the High L
32. epresents the Zig Zag indicator introduced in the Eliott waves theory ZigZagPoint ZigZagPoint Zp price Represents the Zig Zag indicator in the Eliott waves theory calculated on Zp points Other CODE FUNCTION Addition Operator Substraction Operator Multiplication Operator Division Operator Equality Operator lt gt Difference Operator lt Strict Inferiority Operator gt Strict Superiority Operator lt Inferiority Operator gt Superiority Operator II Introduces a commentary line 56 56 INW FINANCE Information Technology for Finance
33. eriods defined STD displays the standard deviation of a price or indicator over the number of periods defined STE displays the standard error of a price or indicator over the number of periods defined 31 56 a ler ProBuilder Chapter Il Math Functions and ProBuilder instructions Logical Operators As any programming language it is necessary to have at our disposal some Logical Operators to create relevant indicators These are the 4 Logical Operators of ProBuilder NOT a logical NO aORb logical OR aAND b logical AND aXOR b exclusive OR Calculation of the trend indicator On Balance Volume OBV IF NOT Close gt Close 1 OR Close Close 1 THEN MyOBV MyOBV Volume ELSE MyOBV MyOBV Volume ENDIF RETURN MyOBV ProBuilder Instructions RETURN displays the result CustomClose displays a customizable price value by default this price is Close CALL calls another ProBuilder indicator to use in your current program AS names the result displayed COLOURED colors the displayed curve in with the color of your choice 1 RETURN We have already seen in chapter how important the RETURN instruction was It has some specific properties we need to know to avoid programming errors The main points to keep in mind when using RETURN in order to write a program correctly are that Return is used One and only one time in each ProBuilder program Always at the last lin
34. esenting a Dynamic Trailing Stop Loss and the other one a Dynamic Trailing Take Profit Dynamic Trailing STOP LOSS to be used in intraday trading Define the following variables in the variable section StartingTime 090000 this is an example for 9 am set this to the time you entered your position REM We supposed that you take an On Market Price position Amplitude represents the variation rate of the Cut curve compared to the Lowest curves for example we can take Amplitude 0 95 IF Time StartingTime THEN IF Lowest 5 Close lt 1 2 Low THEN IF Lowest 5 Close gt Close THEN Cut Amplitude Lowest 5 Close ELSE Cut Amplitude Lowest 20 Close ENDIF ELSE Cut Amplitude Lowest 20 Close ENDIF ENDIF RETURN Cut AS Trailing Stop Loss Dynamic Trailing STOP Profit to be used in intraday trading Define the following variables in the variable section StartingTime 090000 this is an example for 9 am set this to the time you entered your position REM You take an On Market Price position Amplitude represents the variation rate of the Cut curve compared to the Lowest curves for example we can take Amplitude 1 015 IF Time StartingTime THEN StartingPrice Close ENDIF Price StartingPrice AverageTrueRange 10 TrailingStop Amplitude Highest 15 Price RETURN TrailingStop COLOURED 255 0 0 AS Trailing take profit v itfinance com 42 56 IWN FINANCE Information T
35. ey FINANCE Information Technology for Finance Programming Guide ProBuilder 2011 edition v3 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction to ProBuilder Chapter I Fundamentals Accessing ProBuild sisien i 2 Specificities of ProBuilder programming language ccccooonccoocccccnnncconononononininnnnnonononnns 6 Financial Terms of PrOBuild et esa 7 1 Price and volume terms adapted to the timeframe of the chart 0 eee 8 2 Dally Price nn O 9 3 Temporal Terms cria 10 4 Terms Derived from PACO conil as 15 5 The Undefined Ti na cvs ccc tics eased cence asec tios arcada dii ns 15 How to use pre existing iNdiCatorS oooonnnncnncccccnnnncccnnncnononccncnnnnnnnnnnnnnnn anar nn nnnnnnnnnnnnno 15 o P PX tf t gt ped sc cg asec E eset eke 17 Chapter Il Math Functions and ProBuilder instructions Control IU aia 19 1 Conditional instruction luca tirada ice eii riciei n 19 a One condition one result IF THEN ENDIP ooooonnocccccconocancnnccnnnonccnnonananccancnannncnancnnnno 19 b One condition two results IF THEN ELSE ENDIlP ooooocccccnnncocccccccnnonancncccnnnnnnnnnananonnn 19 c Sequential IF COMMONS sica dera andan a RE ALCA RRE ERA ceceveve cextacnseadacacaeaas 20 d Multiple Conditions IF THEN ELSE ELSIF ENDIF 20 ic A celetnehicesnennideactdnsteestel gdcecbecedeanatexte 22 a Ascending FOR TO DO NEXT ccccssessessessesessessessessseseesesessessteessetstsesessetseseeees 22 b Descending FOR
36. greater than the 20 period moving average then we display Result 1 and display this on the chart IF Close gt Average 20 Close THEN IF Price gt 20 period moving average then Result 1 Result 1 otherwise Result 0 ENDIF end of the IF condition RETURN Result Display the value of result on the chart Wr RETURN must always be followed with the storage variable containing the result in order to display the result on the chart in the last example we use the variable Result b One condition two results IF THEN ELSE ENDIF We can also define a different result if the condition is not true Let us go back to the previous example if the price is greater than the moving average on 20 periods then display 1 else displays 1 IF Close gt Average 20 Close THEN Result 1 ELSE Result 1 ENDIF RETURN Result NB We have created a binary indicator For more information read page 37 19 56 o A e EAOa ProBuilder Chapter II Math Functions and ProBuilder instructions c Sequential IF conditions You can create sub conditions after the validation of the main condition meaning conditions which must be validated one after another For that you need to build a sequence of IF structures one included in the other You should be careful to insert in the code as many ENDIF as IF Example Double conditions on moving averages IF Average 12 Close Average 20 Close gt 0 THEN IF ExponentialAverage 12 Close
37. he terms above only by creating a one line indicator RETURN Range for example or use the terms to create a more complicated indicator The WeightedClose focuses on the importance of the closing price bar even more important when applied to daily bars or weekly bars The TypicalPrice and TotalPrice emphasize intraday financial market psychology since they take 3 or 4 predominant prices of the current bar into account see above MedianPrice uses the Median concept the middle number instead of the Average concept which is quite useful when trying to create theoretical models that don t take investors psychology into account Range in MyRange Range Calcul MyRange MyRange 1 1 100 RETURN Calcul 5 The Undefined Term The keyword Undefined allows you to indicate to the software not to display the value of the indicator Undefined undefined data equivalent to an empty box You can find an application example on page 24 How to use pre existing indicators Up until now we have described you the possibilities offered by ProBuilder concerning the terms and how to call values of bars of the past using these terms Pre existing indicators the ones already programmed in the platform function the same way and so do the indicators you will code 15 56 IWN FINANCE information Technology for Finance ProByilder Chapter I Fundamentals ProBuilder indicators are made up of three elements which syntax is NameOfFunctio
38. ight that difference applied on the CurrentTime and Time terms We can highlight the fact that for Current terms we must set aside the time axis and only take in consideration the displayed value the value of the current time is displayed over the whole history of the chart ic all EURUSD EUR USD Spot 1 3193 0 25 5S minutes 8 21 o Js K 1 week 5 minutes v Indicator Backtest T Finance com Data is rea time Current Time EE r Time indicates the closing time of each bar CurrentTime indicates the current market time If you want to set up your indicators with counters number of days passed number of bars passed etc you can use the Days Barlndex and IntradayBarlndex terms Days Counter of days since 1900 This term is quite useful when you want to know the number of days that have passed It is particularly relevant when you work with an x tick or x volume view The following example shows you the number of days passed since 1900 RETURN Days 13 56 IWN FINANCE information Technology for Finance ProByilder Chapter I Fundamentals Barlndex Counter of bars since the beginning of the displayed historic The counter starts from left to right and counts each bar including the current bar The first bar loaded is considered bar number 0 Most of the time Barlndex is used with the IF instruction presented later in the manual see page 22 for use examples
39. ilder you can write your command with capital letters or small letters For example the group of commands IF THEN ELSE ENDIF can be written iF tHeN ELse endlf and many other possibilities Exception When you decide to create a variable and re use it later in the program you must not contradict the spelling you used during its creation If you started to name your variable vARiaBLe and wish to re use it in your program then you must refer to it as vARiaBLe not as variable not anything else Affect a value to a variable means give the variable a value In order to understand this principle you must assimilate a variable with an empty box which you can fill with an expression ex a number The following diagram illustrate the Affectation Rule with the Volume value affected to the variable X X Volume As you can see we must read from right to left Volume is affected to X If you want to write it under ProBuilder you just need to replace the arrow with an equal sign X Volume The same symbol is used For the affectation of a variable like the previous example As the mathematical binary operator 1 1 2 is equivalent to 2 1 1 Financial Terms of ProBuilder Before coding your personal indicators you must examine the elements you need to write your code such as the opening price the closing price etc These are the fundamentals of technical analysis and the main things to kno
40. ilder instructions Mathematical Functions 1 Common Unary and Binary Functions Let s focus now on the Mathematical Functions You will find in ProBuilder the main functions known in mathematics Please note that a and b are examples and can be numbers or any other variable in your program MIN a b calculate the minimum of a and b MAX a b calculate the maximum of a and b ROUND a round a to the nearest whole number ABS a calculate the absolute value of a SGN a shows the sign of a 1 if positive 1 if negative SQUARE a calculate a squared SQRT a calculate the square root of a LOG a calculate the Neperian logarithm of a EXP a calculate the exponent of a COS a calculate the cosine of a SIN a calculate the sine of a TAN a calculate the tangent of a e s44 4 4 4 F ATAN a calculate the arc tangent of a Let s code the example of the normal distribution in mathematics It s interesting because it use the square function the square root function and the exponential function at the same time REM Normal Law applied to x 10 StandardDeviation 6 and MathExpectation 8 REM Let s define the following variables in the variable option StandardDeviation 6 MathExpectation 8 x 10 Indicator EXP 1 2 SQUARE x MathExpectation StandardDeviation StandardDeviation SQRT 2 3 14 RETURN Indicator 2 Common mathematical Operators a lt b ais strictly less than b a
41. n calculated over n periods applied to which price or indicator When using the Insert Function button to look for a ProBuilder function and then enter it into your program see page 3 and 4 default values are given for both the period and the price or indicator argument Average 20 Close We can of course modify these values according to our preferences for example we can replace the 20 bars defined by default with 100 bars In the same way we can change the price argument Close with Open or Dopen 6 the open of the daily bar 6 days ago Average 20 Dopen 6 Here are some sample programs Program calculating the exponential moving average over 20 periods applied to the closing price RETURN ExponentialAverage 20 Close Program calculating the weighted moving average over 20 bars applied to the typical price mm WeightedAverage 20 TypicalPrice RETURN mm Program calculating the Wilder average over 100 candlesticks applied to the Volume mm WilderAverage 100 Volume RETURN mm Program calculating the MACD histogram applied to the closing price The MACD is built with the difference between the 12 period exponential moving average EMA minus the 26 period EMA Then we make a smoothing with an exponential moving average over 9 periods and applied to the MACD line to get the Signal line Finally the MACD is the difference between the MACD line and the Signal line REM Calculation of the MACD line MACDLine
42. nting the number of patterns detected and the result would be binary 1 0 b With FOR Let s create a program counting the number of candlesticks whose close and open are greater than those of the candlestick preceding them If the condition is not valid then the counter will be reset to 0 Increase Close gt Close 1 Count 0 FOR i 1 TO Barlndex DO IF Increase Count THEN Count Count 1 CONTINUE ENDIF BREAK NEXT RETURN Count 28 56 Tor EAOa ProBuilder Chapter Il Math Functions and ProBuilder instructions FOR gives you the possibility to test the condition over all the data loaded When used with CONTINUE if the IF condition is validated then we do not leave the FOR loop and resume it with the next value of i This is how we count the number of patterns detected by this condition Without CONTINUE the program would leave the loop even if the IF condition is validated Then we would not be able to count the number of patterns detected and the result would be binary 1 0 6 ONCE The ONCE instruction is used to initialize a variable at a certain value only ONE TIME Knowing that for the whole program the language will read the code for each bar displayed on the chart before returning the result you must then keep in mind that ONCE Is processed only one time by the program including the second reading During the second reading of the program it will stock the values calculated in th
43. oji to be a candlestick with a range High Close is greater than 5 times the absolute value of Open Close Doji Range gt ABS Open Close 5 RETURN Doji AS Doji Doji strict version We define the doji with a Close equal to its Open Doji Open Close RETURN Doji AS Doji 45 56 INN FINANCE Information Technology for Finance ProBuilder Chapter IV Exercises Indicators BODY MOMENTUM The Body Momentum is mathematically defined by BodyMomentum 100 BodyUp BodyUp BodyDown BodyUp is a counter of bars for which close is greater than open during a certain number of periods BodyDown is a counter of bars for which open is greater than close during a certain number of periods Periods 14 b Close Open IF Barlndex gt Periods THEN Bup 0 Bdn 0 FOR i 1 TO Periods IF b i gt 0 THEN Bup Bup 1 ELSIF b i lt 0 THEN Bdn Bdn 1 ENDIF NEXT BM Bup Bup Bdn 100 ELSE BM Undefined ENDIF RETURN BM AS Body Momentum ELLIOT WAVE OSCILLATOR The Elliot wave oscillator shows the difference between two moving averages Parameters a short MA periods 5 by default b long MA periods 35 by default This oscillator permits to distinguish between wave 3 and wave 5 using elliot wave theory The short MA shows short term price action whereas the long MA shows the longer term trend When the prices form wave 3 the prices climb strongly which shows a high value of the Elliot Wa
44. ou constant assistance while programming ProBuilder Indicator creation Lol Indicator name 1 Programming of indicator 2 Variable optimization Insert function ProBuilder help add Modify Delete Indicator help In case of publication please provide the following information purpose enter or exit market situations it applies to high or low volatility securities it works best with any other useful information 3 Display indicator 0 Keep window open after validation l Validate program Cancel Www ILINAance com 3 56 IWN FINANCE Information Technology for Finance ProByilder Chapter I Fundamentals Let s take for example the first specific ProBuilder element the RETURN function available in the Keywords category see the image below 2 gt ProBuilder function list xa Categories Functions Constants For A Operators To Keywords Dow nto Mathematic functions Next Time functions Break ProRealTime indicators Continue User indicators Call Coloured By As Function help Return from a user function RETURN curve RETURN curve curve2 RETURN curvel AS name curve2 AS name2 RETURN curvel COLOURED BY datal AS name1 curve2 COLOURED BY data2 AS name2 Add Cancel Select the word RETURN and click on Add The command will be added to the programming zone Wr RETURN allows you to display the result
45. ow and Close FUNCTION Sets a the value of a variable to undefined 54 56 IWN FINANCE Information Technology for Finance V CODE Variation Volatility Volume VolumeOscillator VolumeROC W CODE WeightedAverage WeightedClose WEND WHILE DO WEND WilderAverage Williams WilliamsAccumDistr CODE XOR ProBuilder SYNTAX Variation price Volatility S L Volume N VolumeOscillator S L VolumeROCIN SYNTAX WeightedAverage N price WeightedClose N See WHILE DO WEND WHILE condition DO action WEND WilderAverage N price Williams N close WilliamsAccumDistr price SYNTAX a XOR b Glossary FUNCTION Difference between the close of the last bar and the close of the current bar in Chaikin volatility Volume indicator Volume Oscillator Volume of the Price Rate Of Change FUNCTION Represents the Weighted Moving Average Average of 2 Close 1 High and 1 Low Ending Instruction of WHILE loop WHILE loop Represents Wilder Moving Average R de Williams indicator Accumulation Distribution of Williams Indicator FUNCTION Logical Operator eXclusive OR 55 56 IWN FINANCE information Technology for Finance ProBuilder Glossary Y CODE SYNTAX FUNCTION Year Year N Year of the bar n periods before the current bar Yesterday Yesterday N Date of the day preceeding the bar n periods before the current bar Z CODE SYNTAX FUNCTION ZigZag ZigZag Zr price R
46. rder We also highlight the fact that what is between FOR and DO are the extremities of the interval to scan a Ascending FOR TO DO NEXT FOR Variable BeginningValueOfTheSeries TO EndingValueOfTheSeries DO Action NEXT 22 56 IWN FINANCE o A e EAOa ProBuilder Chapter Il Math Functions and ProBuilder instructions Example Smoothing of a 12 period moving average Let s create a storage variable Result which will sum the 11 12 and 13 period moving averages Result 0 FOR Period 11 TO 13 DO Result Average Period Close Result NEXT REM Let s create a storage variable AverageResult which will divide Result by 3 and display average result Avearge result is a smoothing of the 12 period moving average AverageResult Result 3 Return AverageResult Let s see step by step how the program does the calculation Mathematically we want to calculate the average of the moving averages calculated on 11 12 and 13 periods Period will then get successively the values 11 12 and 13 FOR always works with whole numbers only Result 0 When Period 11 The new Result the 11 period moving average the previous value of result 0 The counter receives its next value When Period 12 The new Result the 12 period moving average the previous value of result The counter receives its next value When Period 13 The new Result the 13 period moving average the previous value of result 13 is the las
47. rent bar or of the n th last bar Open of the bar following the n th last bar Logical Operator OR 52 56 IWN FINANCE Information Technology for Finance P Q CODE PriceOscillator PositiveVolumelndex PVT CODE R2 Range REM Repulse RETURN ROC RSI Round S CODE SAR SARatdmf Sin Sgn SMI SmoothedStochastic Square ProBuilder SYNTAX PriceOscillator S L price PriceVolumelndex price PVT price SYNTAX R2 N price Range N REM comment Repulse N price RETURN Result ROC N price RSI N price Round a SYNTAX SAR At St Lim SARatdmf At St Lim price Sin a Sgn a SMI N SS DS price SmoothedStochastic N K price Square a Glossary FUNCTION Percentage Price oscillator Positive Volume Index indicator Price Volume Trend indicator FUNCTION R Squared indicator error rate of the linear regression on price calculates the Range High minus Low Introduces a remark non prise en compte dans le code mais facilitant une relecture Repulse indicator measure the buyers and sellers force for each candlestick Instruction returning the result Price Rate of Change indicator Relative Strength Index indicator Mathematical Function Round a to the nearest whole number FUNCTION Parabolic SAR indicator Smoothed Parabolic SAR indicator Mathematical Function Sine Mathematical Function Sign of a it is positive or negative Stochastic Mom
48. rish engulfing line Condition5 Close 1 gt Open 1 Condition6 Close lt Open Condition7 Open gt Close 1 Condition8 Close lt Open 1 IF Condition1 AND Condition2 AND Condition3 AND Condition4 THEN a 1 ELSIF Condition5 AND Condition6 AND Condition7 AND Condition8 THEN a 1 ELSE a 0 ENDIF RETURN a Example Resistance Demarks pivot IF Dclose 1 gt Dopen 1 THEN Phigh Dhigh 1 Dclose 1 Dlow 1 2 Plow Dclose 1 Dlow 1 2 ELSIF Dclose 1 lt Dopen 1 THEN Phigh Dhigh 1 Dclose 1 2 Plow Dlow 1 Dhigh 1 Dclose 1 2 ELSE Phigh Dclose 1 Dhigh 1 Dlow 1 2 Plow Dclose 1 Dhigh 1 Dlow 1 2 ENDIF RETURN Phigh Plow 21 56 IWN FINANCE o A e EAOa ProBuilder Chapter II Math Functions and ProBuilder instructions Example Barlndex In the chapter of our manual we presented Barlndex as a counter of bars loaded Barlndex is often used with IF For example if we want to know if the number of bars in your chart exceeds 23 bars then we will write IF Barlndex lt 23 THEN a 0 ELSIF Barlndex gt 23 THEN a 1 ENDIF RETURN a 2 Iterative Loop FOR FOR is used when we want to exploit a finite series of elements This series must be made up of whole numbers ex 1 2 3 etc and ordered Its structure is formed of FOR TO DOWNTO DO NEXT TO and DOWNTO are used depending on the order of appearance in the series of the elements ascending order or descending o
49. roBuilder SYNTAX myResult CALL myFunction CCI N price or CCI N ChaikinOsc Ch1 Ch2 price Chandle N price ChandeKrollStopUp Pp Qq x ChandeKrollStopDown Pp Qq X Close N RETURN Result COLOURED R G B COS a a Crosses Over b a Crosses Under b CUMSUM price CurrentDayOfWeek CurrentHour CurrentMinute CurrentMonth CurrentSecond CurrentTime CurrentYear CustomClose N Cycle price Glossary FUNCTION Calls a user indicator to be used in the program you are coding Commodity Channel Index indicator Chaikin oscillator Chande Momentum Oscillator Chande and Kroll Protection Stop on long positions Chande and Kroll Protection Stop on short positions Closing price of the current bar or of the n th last bar Colors a curve with the color you defined using the RGB convention Cosine Function Boolean Operator checking whether a curve has crossed over another one Boolean Operator checking whether a curve has crossed under another one Sums a certain price on the whole data loaded Represents the current day of the week Represents the current hour Represents the current minute Represents the current month Represents the current second Represents the current time HHMMSS Represents the current year Term customizable in the settings window of the chart default Close Cycle Indicator 49 56 IWN FINANCE Information Technology for Finance D CODE Date Day Days D
50. t value of the counter We end the FOR loop with the NEXT instruction We then display AverageResult To sum it up variable will first of all get the beginning value of the series then variable will receive the next one the last one 1 and so on until the very last value of the series To finish we end the loop 23 56 e EAOa ProBuilder Chapter Il Math Functions and ProBuilder instructions Example Average of the highest price over the 20 last bars MAhigh 0 SUMhigh 0 IF Barlndex lt 20 THEN If there are not yet 20 periods displayed MAhigh Undefined Then we attribute to MAhigh value Undefined not displayed ELSE ELSE FOR i 0 TO 20 DO FOR values of i between 1 to 20 SUMhigh High i SUMhigh We sum the 20 last HIgh values NEXT ENDIF MAhigh SUMhigh 20 We calculate the average for the last 20 periods and store the result in MAhigh RETURN MAhigh We display MAhigh b Descending FOR DOWNTO DO NEXT To make a descending loop we use FOR DOWNTO DO NEXT Its syntax is FOR Variable EndingValueOfTheSeries DOWNTO BeginningValueOfTheSeries DO Action NEXT Let us go back to the previous example the 20 period moving average of High We can notice that we have just inverted the extremities of the scanned interval MAhigh 0 SUMhigh 0 IF Barlndex 0 THEN MAhigh Undefined ELSE FOR i 20 DOWNTO 1 DO SUMhigh High i SUMhigh NEXT ENDIF MAhigh SUMhigh 20 RETURN M
51. t value on Y axis Apply to Close v Modify indicator Close i 33 56 IWN FINANCE o A Tor EAOa ProBuilder Chapter Il Math Functions and ProBuilder instructions 4 CALL CALL allows you to use a personal indicator you have coded before in the platform The quickest method is to click Insert Function then select the User Indicators category and then select the name of the indicator you want to use and click Add For example imagine you have coded the Histogram MACD and named it HistoMACD Select your indicator and click on Add You will see in the programming zone myHistoMACD CALL HistoMACD The software gave the name myHistoMACD to the indicator HistoMACD This means that for the rest of your program if you want to use the HistoMACD indicator you will have to call it myHistoMACD 5 AS The keyword AS allows you to name the different results displayed This instruction is used with RETURN and its syntax is RETURN Result1 AS Curve Name Result2 AS Curve Name The advantage of this command is that it makes it easier to identify the different curves on your chart Example a ExponentialAverage 200 Close b WeightedAverage 200 Close c Average 200 Close RETURN a AS Exponential Average b AS Weighted Average c AS Arithmetical Average 34 56 IWN FINANCE aforma A for EA ProBuilder Chapter Il Math Functions and ProBuilder instructions
52. ur position IYou can look at StopLONG if looking at a long position and StopShort if you are looking at a short position You can also remove StopLONG or StopSHORT if you only work with long positions or only work with short positions AmplitudeUp represents the variation rate of Price used to draw the Take Profit for long position default 1 1 AmplitudeDown represents the variation rate of Price used to draw the Take Profit for short position default 0 9 IF Time StartingTime THEN StopLONG AmplitudeUp Price StopSHORT AmplitudeDown Price ENDIF RETURN StopLONG COLOURED 0 0 0 AS TakeProfit LONG 10 StopSHORT COLOURED 0 255 0 AS TakeProfit SHORT 10 39 56 IWN FINANCE Information Technology for Finance ProBuilder Chapter lll Practical Aspects 2 Static STOP loss A Static STOP Loss is the contrary of a Static Take Profit STOP meaning if price reaches it we plan to close our position and exit with losses This STOP is very useful when you are losing money and try exit the market to limit your losses to the minimum Just like the Static Take Profit this STOP defines a fixed level but this time the user will exit his position and cut his losses when this level is reached The indicator coded below indicates two levels and StartingTime is the moment you entered your position If you are a buyer you will take into account the lower curve representing a 10 loss 90 of the price when you took your
53. ve Oscillator In wave 5 the prices climb more slowly and the oscillator will show a lower value RETURN Average 5 MedianPrice Average 35 MedianPrice AS Elliot Wave Oscillator 46 56 IWN FINANCE information Technology for Finance ProBuilder Chapter IV Exercises Williams R This is an indicator very similar to the Stochastic oscillator To draw it we define 2 curves 1 The curve of the highest of high over 14 periods 2 The curve of the lowest of low over 14 periods The R curve is defined by this formula Close Lowest Low Highest High Lowest Low 100 HighestH Highest 14 High LowestL Lowest 14 Low MyWilliams Close LowestL HighestH LowestL 100 RETURN MyWilliams AS Williams R Bollinger Bands The middle band is a simple 20 period moving average applied to close The upper band is the middle band plus 2 times the standard deviation over 20 periods applied to close The lower band is the middle band minus 2 times the standard deviation over 20 periods applied to close a Average 20 Close We define the standard deviation StdDeviation STD 20 Close Bsup a 2 StdDeviation Binf a 2 StdDeviation RETURN a AS Average Bsup AS Bollinger Up Binf AS Bollinger Down 47 56 IWN FINANCE Information Technology for Finance ProBuilder Glossary GLOSSARY A CODE SYNTAX FUNCTION Abs Abs a Mathematical function Absolute Value of a
54. w for coding indicators 7 56 IWN FINANCE information Technology for Finance ProBuyilder Chapter I Fundamentals You will then be able to combine them in order to draw out some information provided by financial markets We can group them together in 5 categories 1 Price and volume terms adapted to the timeframe of the chart These are the classical terms and also the ones used the most They report by default the value of the current bar whatever the timeframe used Open Opening price of each bar High Highest price of each bar Low Lowest price of each bar Close Closing price of each bar OpenOfNextBar Opening price of the next bar Volume The number of securities or contracts exchanged at each bar Example Range of the current bar a High b Low MyRange a b RETURN MyRange If you want to use the information of previous bars rather than the current bar you just need to add between square brackets the number of bars that you want to go back into the past Let s take for example the closing price term Value of the closing price of the current bar Close Value of the closing price preceding the current bar Close 1 Value of the closing price preceding the nth bar preceding the current one Close n JA m close 2 close close 6 close 3 close 4 close 5 This rule is valid for any term For example the opening price of the 2nd bar preceding the current can be expressed as
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