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Micrometrics SE User Manual

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1. 112 Show the current factor being multiplied to the r original Gamma of the active image A value can also be entered directly Area Based White Balance Use the Area Based White Balance command to correct color aberration of the active image Correction of color reproduction is based on the values of a small rectangular neighborhood of pixels These pixels should be colorless but instead are showing a tint Micrometrics SE will calculate the relative strength of each color component and adjust the color gains accordingly www micrometrics net 58 Micrometrics SE User s Manual Click a pixel within the active image to indicate to Micrometrics SE the centre of the neighborhood on which color correction will be based Interactive Use the Interactive command to adjust the intensity saturation and hue of the active image Interactive Adjustment Intensity v A Cancel Saturation Intensity Indicate the intensity of the image is being adjusted The intensity of a pixel is in the range 0 255 Values out of the range will be truncated Saturation Indicate the saturation of the image is being adjusted The saturation of a pixel is in the range 0 255 Values out of the range will be truncated Uae Indicate the hue of the image is being adjusted The hue of a pixel is in the range 0 255 and is cyclic with a period of 256 Use the slider to adjust a color component 209 Lo Minimal allowable amount that can
2. s Manual Refresh Push eg to reset the record list to its default state Upon startup the auxiliary window Database shows the most recently added records up to 100 entries After a query has been made on the database the auxiliary window Database shows the resulted record list Choose Refresh to list the records in the order of their creation Query 3 Push to search for particular records in the database Before the search criteria of search have to be established Query by Date Click Search in and select Date The toolbar of the auxiliary window Database shows the two date control yira A 4252006 4 23 2006 gt Ei where the time interval during which the search will be done may be specified Use the spin buttons 4 to adjust starting and ending date Push Lok to start searching The search result will be given in the record list Query by Author Click search in and select Author The toolbar of the auxiliary window Database shows the edit control John where the name of the author on which the 4 search will be done may be specified Push 44k to start searching The search result will be given in the record list Query by Description Www micrometrics net 127 Micrometrics SE User s Manual w Click asain th and select Description The toolbar of the auxiliary window Database shows the edit control inclusion where one or more words on which the search 4 will b
3. FT Nay ar A e wg se 3 P L b Md sif a f A ji P Ds F p F pa a Unsharp Options Use the Unsharp Options command to set up parameters for Unsharp Unsharp masking 1s a traditional film compositing technique used to sharpen edges in and improve the contrast of an image Micrometrics SE generalizes this technique to make it more powerful The generalized unsharp masking also known as latitude reduction uses a Gaussian filter to separate an image into two images one is the low frequency part called background image and the other is the high Www micrometrics net 73 Micrometrics SE User s Manual frequency part called contrast image The background image representing the latitude or dynamic range of the image may be reduced by multiplying a coefficient smaller than unity Latitude reduction actually improves the contrast without enhancing noise If the image is free of noise the contrast image may also be multiplied by a coefficient greater than unity to augment contrast straightforwardly This process is referred to as high boost Finally there is a visual psychology factor to be considered Boosted contrast in dark areas of an image may be interpreted as noise To make the processed image appear natural the intensities of background image pixels could be used as weights when the contrast image is being added back to the background image to form the output image of the latitud
4. burned when the image 1s closed will be discarded The graphical output of a measuring operation is placed on overlay layer The textual output of a measuring operation is a text box exactly as that can be created manually with annotation commands except the textual description of measurement result is generated by Micrometrics SE The quantitative output of a measuring operation is one or more new entries in the auxiliary window Measurement Each entry or record has three fields the first field is the name of the command that has generated the entry the second field 1s the parameter that is being measured and the third field is the numerical result of the measurement operation If some measurement has been done for an image the measurement results will also be saved when the image is stored to the database When the image is again loaded from the database the previous measurement results will also be loaded Www micrometrics net 87 Micrometrics SE User s Manual Reset Use the Reset command to clear overlay layer and measurement result of the active image Abort Use the Abort command to terminate the present measuring operation Equivalent command Right button double click on the active image being measured Grid Use the Grid commands to draw a lattice on the active image The Grid gt Line draws a rectangular lattice on the overlay layer of the active image The Grid gt Circle draws co centric circles on the over
5. Min operation with the previous two images as input Www micrometrics net 49 Micrometrics SE User s Manual Average Use the Average command to create a pixel wise channel wise mean value image from all images in the Field Group For this command to work all images in Field Group must be identical in the numbers of columns and rows of pixels and the number of color channels and there must be at least two images in the Field Group A new image window will be created to hold the output image The output image has the same numbers of columns and rows of pixels and the same number of color channels The value of each color component channel of each pixel of the output image is set as the mean of all corresponding values from all images in the Field Group The output image has the same sampling intervals and magnification setting as those of the first image in the Field Group Show Previous Use the Show Previous command to display the currently selected image of Field Group in the active image window and then select the preceding image in Field Group For this command to work the selected image in the Field Group must have the same numbers of columns and rows of pixels and number of color channels as the active image otherwise the command fails quietly but the internal index will be decremented so next time the command is executed it can find the right image to display The Show Previous command replaces the image in the
6. The status bar is located at the bottom of the main window and is divided into thirteen panes from left to right What they will display is listed below geal Command prompt Leftmost Mouse position in horizontal direction in pixels relative to the top left corner of the active image Mouse position in vertical direction in pixels relative to the top left corner of the active image The red component of the pixel at the mouse position The green component of the pixel at the mouse position 6 The blue component of the pixel at the mouse position 7 The hue component of the pixel at the mouse position The intensity component of the pixel at the mouse position The phase index of the pixel at the mouse position The magnification of the active image The width of the active image in microns The saturation component of the pixel at the mouse position 3 4 5 7 l l l i 0 l 2 3 l The height of the active image in microns Rightmost Wwww micrometrics net 10 Micrometrics SE User s Manual Auxiliary Window Micrometrics SE has four auxiliary windows Control Panel Help Desk Database and Measurement Each of these auxiliary windows can be either visible or hidden When an auxiliary window except Control Panel is visible it can be either docked or floating Double click the grip or caption of an auxiliary window to toggle between the two states When an auxiliary window is docked it can
7. active image window by the selected image in the Field Group Note that only pictorial data are replaced and the other layers such as graphical overly are kept intact This facilitates the comparing of multiple images Www micrometrics net 50 Micrometrics SE User s Manual Show Next Use the Show Next command to display the currently selected image of Field Group in the active image window and then select the following image in Field Group For this command to work the selected image in the Field Group must have the same numbers of columns and rows of pixels and number of color channels as the active image otherwise the command fails quietly but the internal index will be incremented so next time the command is executed it can find the right image to display The Show Next command replaces the image in the active image window by the selected image in the Field Group Note that only pictorial data are replaced and the other layers such as graphical overly are kept intact This facilitates the comparing of multiple images Panorama Landscape Use the Panorama Landscape command to stitch a row of images The images to stitch should have been stored in Field Group and ordered correctly All images in Field Group participate in the operation These images must be identical in the numbers of columns and rows of pixels and the number of color channels The first image in Field Group should be the leftmost image of the row of images
8. be added to a color component Show the current amount that is being added to a certain color component of all pixels A value may be entered directly 65 Maximal allowable amount that can be added to a color component Www micrometrics net 59 Micrometrics SE User s Manual wo IK Push to close the dialog and finalize the adjustments to the active image Cancel Push to close the dialog and discard any modification i to the active image More Use the More commands to increment by a predefined amount the intensity saturation or hue of the active image When the active image is an empty image and is being used to display video streams the commands increment the gain saturation and hue settings of the presently connected camera instead of the intensity saturation and hue of a still image The amount of change for each color channel may be specified by the Increments command Less Use the Less commands to decrement by a predefined amount the intensity saturation or hue of the active image When the active image is an empty image and is being used to display video streams the commands decrement the gain saturation and hue settings of the presently connected camera instead of the intensity saturation and hue of a still image The amount of change for each color channel may be specified by the Increments command Increments Use the Increments command to set the amount of change made by More and L
9. command to make the selected object the topmost layer Move to Lowermost Use the Move to Lowermost command to make the selected object the bottommost layer Move Upper Use the Move Upper command to move the selected object one layer above Move Lower Use the Move Lower command to move the selected object one layer down Burn into Image Www micrometrics net 112 Micrometrics SE User s Manual Use the Burn into Image command to create a pixel representation of all the annotation objects on the pictorial layer and delete all the annotation objects Annotation objects are temporary and cannot be saved into a file Www micrometrics net 113 Micrometrics SE User s Manual The Window Menu Cascade Use the Cascade command to make all image windows the same size and stacked from top left to bottom right of the main window Tile Horizontally Use the Tile Horizontally command to make all image windows aligned edge to edge horizontally and the same size if possible Tile Vertically Use the Tile Vertically command to make all image windows aligned edge to edge vertically and the same size if possible Arrange Icon Use the Arrange Icon command to align the icons of image windows at the bottom of the main window Www micrometrics net 114 Micrometrics SE User s Manual The Help Menu Settings Use the Settings command to tune the performance of Micrometrics SE Settings Humber of Fields y Frea
10. content of an image together with its quantitative result of measurement date of creation author and textual description may be archived in the built in database Micrometrics SE uses a caption to uniquely identify each record in the database User specifies a caption for each image that is being stored to database Besides the caption there are three other fields in each record Date is the time of creation of the record Author 1s the name of the operator that has captured or processed the image Description is a single line of text usually explaining the image or the measurement performed over the image When a new record is created for an image the quantitative result of any measurement done so far for the image as shown in the auxiliary window Measurement will also be saved to database The built in database is fully controlled from the corresponding auxiliary window The menu duplicates some of the more frequently used commands Store Use the Store command to save the active image and its measurement result to the built in database Wwww micrometrics net 39 Micrometrics SE User s Manual Database x Caption Add Bone sa 4 22 2006 ae Author Jack Description Radiograph processed as photomicrograph Laption Specify a caption for the record to create Must be a single line of text The title of the active image is initially displayed but it is free to specify a different one The caption shou
11. its own way which in a sense is more convenient to use However if Auxiliary Window Captions is checked Micrometrics SE will draw the captions of auxiliary windows according to the current Windows Themes This command merely affects the appearance of the auxiliary windows and does not limit their functionalities Image Window Tabs Use the Image Window Tabs command to toggle the visibility of image window tabs Image windows can have or have not tabs When an image window has a tab the tab can either appear on top or at bottom of the main window Choose Image Window Tabs to hide the tabs if the image windows currently have tabs Choose Image Window Tabs to show the tabs if the image windows currently do not have tabs Equivalent Commands Image Window Tab Context Menu Use Hide Tabs to remove image window tabs currently shown in the main window Overlay Use the Overlay command to toggle the visibility of measurement and micrometer overlays Www micrometrics net 29 Micrometrics SE User s Manual A successful measurement operation creates graphics overlay on the image This overlay is on a separate layer from pixels The overlay layer can be either shown or hidden Choose Overlay to remove the overlay view currently superimposed on the picture Choose Overlay again to restore This command affects the visibility of the overlay layer only and does not delete the overlay Overlay Color Use the Overlay Colors command to s
12. micrometer When an image is being captured the system micrometer is duplicated and set as the micrometer of that image The process that sets up the system micrometer is referred to as calibration In the simplest sense calibration can be done for a single objective and use the Magnification command to adapt to different objectives or magnifications A successful calibration will correctly set up the sampling intervals and magnification for use with that objective When a new objective and or some other intermediate lenses are in place the Magnification command records the updated magnification and scales the sampling intervals accordingly i System Micrometer Horz Sampling w OK Vert Sampling Cancel Magnitication TOU The present horizontal sampling interval in microns kept in system micrometer Horz Sampling Www micrometrics net 62 Micrometrics SE User s Manual The present vertical sampling interval in microns kept in system micrometer The present magnification kept in system micrometer The new magnification should be entered here Push to dismiss the dialog The newly entered magnification will be accepted and the sampling intervals will be scaled accordingly Push to dismiss the dialog and discard any change to system micrometer Vert Sampling Magrittcation Equivalent Commands 1 From Settings File Upon startup Micrometrics SE automatically loads and applies the system micromet
13. temporary layers hosting annotation objects Each annotation object occupies a temporary layer by itself The temporary layers are above any other types of layers Annotation objects may be burned into the image where the pictorial layer is modified according to the vector graphics Www micrometrics net 6 Micrometrics SE User s Manual on the temporary layers Unburned annotation objects i e temporary layers are discarded when the image is closed The Active Image With Micrometrics SE many images can be open simultaneously However only one of them may receive input focus This image is referred to as the active image In this document the active image the current image or sometimes the active image window are used interchangeably The active image window can be told easily from the other image windows Its title is being appended to the title of the main window Its caption is being highlighted When tabs are enabled for image windows the color of the tab of the active image is the same as the color of the inner frame of the main window as shown below in yellow The first example illustrates the active image window in normal state The second example illustrates the active image window in maximized state File Edit view Database Field Adjust Enhance Measure Annotate Window Help PLIE zs gt 4 la BAAX aan A ILE EEG e kE ORR ETS AA PE GZO amp HO kM ReKSR Control Panel Gy Camera Control Stan
14. the Subtract command to subtract the active image from each image in Field Group For this command to work each image in the Field Group must have the same numbers of columns and rows of pixels and number of color channels as those of the active image The output images will replace those corresponding images in the Field Group Negative pixel values are truncated to zero Divide Use the Divide command to divide each image in Field Group by the active image For this command to work each image in the Field Group must have the same numbers of columns and rows of pixels and number of color channels as those of the active image The output images will replace those corresponding images in the Field Group If there is a zero pixel in the active image this command fails quietly The output image will be scaled in intensity to make it approximately the same brightness as those of the input images Wwww micrometrics net 57 Micrometrics SE User s Manual The Adjust Menu Image Gamma Use the Image Gamma command to adjust the Gamma of the active image Image Gamma Pa Cancel Use the slider to specify a factor to be multiplied to the original Gamma of the active image The minimal allowable multiplier The maximal allowable multiplier Push to dismiss the dialog and finalize the modification to the Gamma of the active image pa Push to dismiss the dialog and discard any _ Cancel ar gs modification to the active image
15. to create an empty image window to display live images from the camera The caption of the created window is intended to be the model or name of the camera presently attached to the computer If no camera is connected or none of the connected cameras is working properly the caption of the created window is Video For those cameras supporting the notion of serial number a dash followed by the serial number may be appended to the window caption Open Use the Open command to load existing image files Multiple images of various formats in a folder can be simultaneously opened Besides the native image format sif numerous commonly used image formats are supported Files of unsupported formats will be filtered out and will not be visible in the dialog box Equivalent Commands e Drag one or more selected files in Windows Explorer and drop them in the main window of Micrometrics SE e Double click a file of native image format sif in Windows Explorer The recognizable image file formats are listed below Format File Remark Extension Wwww micrometrics net 17 Micrometrics SE User s Manual information OS 2 bitmaps Group when decompressing Format formats formats Le Graphics Portable Pixel Map PPM Targa File TGA S o RE Reading the first page only Amiga lFF SO IFFLBM a a Graphics Koala Format m Graphics resolution G X11 Bitmap Format Wireless Bitmap WBMP _ gt S X11 Pi
16. Miucrometrics Standard Edition User s Manual Micrometrics SE User s Manual Section 1 Preliminaries It is assumed that the users of Micrometrics SE and the readers of this document have a working knowledge of microscope digital camera and Microsoft Windows Micrometrics SE may be used for both compound and stereo microscopes It also contains a few functions specifically designed for fluorescent imaging Micrometrics SE supports a line of native microscopy cameras While these Micrometrics cameras are enabled for use with other imaging programs always use Micrometrics SE to capture images to ensure correct measurement Micrometrics SE conforms to the Microsoft Windows User Interface Guideline and so is similar to other programs in opening files and mouse operations This section lays a background for image analysis with Micrometrics SE Wwww micrometrics net 2 Micrometrics SE User s Manual Image Color Models Digital images record colors by numbers Color models are particular means to represent color by numbers Micrometrics SE uses a number of color models for image acquisition display processing and printing In most cases the underlying color model is transparent to users Where they are explicit an understanding of RGB and HSI models suffices for the purpose of working with Micrometrics SE RGB A large portion of the visible spectrum can be represented by mixing three basic components of colored light in va
17. Www micrometrics net 81 Micrometrics SE User s Manual Photometric Transform Use the Photometric Transform commands to generate a grayscale or inverted representation of the active image The Monochrome command removes color information from the active image and leaves only intensity information as shown below Www micrometrics net 82 Micrometrics SE User s Manual The Negative command reverses the lookup table of the active image to produce an image that is complementary in color with the original image as shown below Www micrometrics net 83 Micrometrics SE User s Manual Om S Ta bT i Ld ey Y r a t bs e DIREA a AN G p l A TN Kee ale T Y EES ERSE re Oa e e aS i Ah S a 5 s bA a a OE Y A ce 2 i Spherical Aberration Correction Use the Spherical Aberration Correction to reduce the haze over the active image due to spherical aberration of the optical system The example below illustrates the process www micrometrics net 84 Micrometrics SE User s Manual Spherical Aberration Correction Options Use the Spherical Aberration Correction Options command to specify to what degree the spherical aberration will be corrected vw Cancel More Clarity Mo Effect 100 Less Noe www micrometrics net 85 Micrometrics SE User s Manual There is only one parameter to control the spherical aberration correction Acceptable values for this p
18. a new empty image window choose File gt New for Video Preview The caption of the window indicated the file name of the video clip Choose Playback again to shutdown the video If it is desired to preview video in a particular empty image window make that image window the active image window and choose Playback A dialog box will be open to accept a file name for the video clip to play The video clip can be in any format for which a decoder has been installed on the system Playback Control Use the Playback Control commands to control the video clip playback Choose Pause to temporarily suspend the playback of the video clip In this state choose Frame Forward to show the next frame and choose 7 Frame Backward to show the previous frame Choose Restart to play the video clip from the very beginning Capture Use the Capture command to acquire an image from the camera based on the present camera settings Www micrometrics net 25 Micrometrics SE User s Manual The camera settings include exposure time color gains Gamma saturation hue brightness contrast image orientations and light source temperature For more details please refer to respective commands that set these parameters Exit Use the Exit command to close Micrometrics SE This command prompts to save modified documents Micrometrics SE considers an image as a modified document if it has never been saved in native format or it has been processed or meas
19. alue for the MSD as it is used only as a hint to the computation process for efficiency purpose Multi Focus Composition Maxinum Step Displacement Index w www micrometrics net 54 Micrometrics SE User s Manual After the Start button is pressed the computation starts The intermediate results are given in both the dialog box and the active image as shown below First of all the Start button changes to the Abort button If it is pressed the computation will be terminated with whatever the intermediate image left as the active image The table in the middle of the dialog box shows the displacements detected from the input images The first column shows the index of the image in Field Group that has just been registered and fused The second column shows the horizontal displacement detected and the third column shows the vertical displacement detected The fourth column shows the time in milliseconds used for the registration and fusion When 0 is specified as the MSD 1 e when fusing images acquired from a compound microscope no registration is performed and 0 is set as displacement When a non zero MSD is specified 1 e when fusing images acquired from a stereomicroscope and when the detected displacement is equal to MSD the specified controlling parameter might be too small and the computation should probably be terminated and re started with a greater MSD The progress of the computation is shown at the
20. arameter are in the range 1 200 Setting the parameter to a number less than 100 will cause haze to be removed from the image Setting the parameter to a number greater than 100 will smooth the image Wwww micrometrics net 86 Micrometrics SE User s Manual The Measure Menu The measuring operations of Micrometrics SE are the digital version of the more traditional planimetry with microscopes A measuring operation of Micrometrics SE generates one two or three pieces of output information Each operation results at least in some graphics on the overlay layer of the image Most operations also create textual annotation objects describing the quantitative outcome of the measuring operations and entries in the table of the auxiliary window Measurement holding the quantities An image of Micrometrics SE can have many layers At the bottom is the pictorial layer which is similar to an ordinary image consisting of pixels Above the pictorial layer is the mask layer The mask layer is useful to image segmentation and mathematical morphology The next layer is the overlay The micrometer when burned into image will be placed on this layer The graphics generated by measurement operations will also be placed on the overlay layer An annotation object is a temporary layer on top of all permanent layers When annotation objects are being burned into image they will be placed on the pictorial layer Those annotation objects that have not yet been
21. be docked to any of the four sides of the main window Drag its grip or caption to adjust the position of an auxiliary window or to dock it to a particular side of the main window The grip of an auxiliary window is the dot matrix at the left or top of the caption bar of the window in docked state All the auxiliary windows can be resized in the same way as an ordinary window Control Panel Control Panel is where camera control commands are issued and acquired images are cached Two panes Camera Control and Field Group comprise Control Panel Camera Control Pane is further divided into two sub panes for specific aspects of the imaging process Sub panes are collapsible To collapse a sub pane click the arrows at its top right corner To expand a collapsed sub pane click the arrows again The arrows at the top right corner of a sub pane point upward in expanded state and downward in collapsed state Control Panel also maintains a history of the panes shown Wwww micrometrics net 11 Micrometrics SE User s Manual Control Panel sf a Y fal Camera Control sa Field Group ow Camera Control Preset Add Light Temperature Frequency Fluorescent gt BOHz O Incandescent 50Hz Other th x Click to hide Control Panel E Click to go to the previous pane the next pane n ES Field Group 5 At Camera Control ae ete a a pane Field Group directly Camera Control www micrometrics net 12 M
22. bottom of the dialog box Multi Focus Composition Maxinium Step Displacement Index w 0 0 329 completed 25s to go A new image window will be created to hold the output image The output image has the same metrical and magnification settings as those of the first image in the Field Group The example below illustrates the process The two images on the left are the first and the last of a stack of 29 images gathered over the Www micrometrics net 55 Micrometrics SE User s Manual same field of view and the image on the right is the fusion of the image stack Combine Use the Combine command to compose a color image from the last three images in the Field Group The last three images are assumed to be the red green and blue channels of a color image As such they must be identical in the numbers of columns and rows of pixels It is not required that these images are all color or all monochrome If a color image is in place only its first channel 1 e red will be extracted A new image window will be created to hold the output image The output image has the same metric and magnification setting as those of the last image in the Field Group Split Use the Split command to decompose a color image into three monochrome images representing its red green and blue channels Www micrometrics net 56 Micrometrics SE User s Manual The output images are appended to the Field Group Subtract Use
23. crometrics SE User s Manual Database Caption Bone Date fee 20G April 2006 4 5 Ff 11 G Tes 14 le 19 20 z 20 seo T 20 Today 4722 2006 A date may also be entered directly Author Specify the name of the person Ja who is responsible for the acquisition processing or measurement of the active image Must be a single line of text Description Specify a single line of text as a note remark or comment Push to add the new record to database Push to exit the dialog and do not modify the database in any way Radiograph processed as photo Load Www micrometrics net 125 Micrometrics SE User s Manual Push E to open the selected record in the database Note a record in the database must have been selected for this command to work Otherwise a warning message appears as the following Micrometrics SE 2 2 A Please select a record When a record is successfully loaded a new image window will be created to hold the image data from that record If the image has been measured before measurement information will also be loaded into the auxiliary window Measurement Delete Push 3 to delete the selected records in the database Note for this command to work at least one record has to be selected Otherwise the following warning message will appear Micrometrics SE 2 2 A Please select a record A deleted record cannot be restored www micrometrics net 126 Micrometrics SE User
24. d drawing 1 e moving the mouse while pressing down left mouse button Release the left mouse button to signify the end of drawing The starting point 1 e where left button is pressed and the ending point 1 e where the left button is released will be connected automatically by a straight line to close the shape The drawing will be put on the overlay layer of the image A short text describing the measured area and perimeter will appear in a text box annotation object Two entries will be appended to the auxiliary window Measurement One entry is the area the other is perimeter The example below illustrates the process Www micrometrics net 95 Micrometrics SE User s Manual Caliper Use the Caliper command to measure the distance between two points or two parallel lines Click to specify two points After the first click a rubber band with two perpendicular legs is being drawn to connect the first point and the current mouse position Use the legs to align with parallel lines The second click ends the measurement The caliper will be placed on the overlay layer of the image A short description showing the distance will appear in a text box annotation object A new entry will be appended to the auxiliary window Measurement to hold the value of the distance The example below illustrates the process Www micrometrics net 96 Micrometrics SE User s Manual Polygon Use the Polygon command to measure the ar
25. dart Preset Light Temperature Frequency Gao 0 7 Fluorescent 60Hz Incandescent 50H2 Other Other Me a Flip C Horizontal C Vertical Exposure ms 5 155 305 Extended M Auto White Balance gg Mm A F XR a Search in iv a Command Parameter Yalue 8 Color Balance zo aseqeyeg 4 x mt Click on a ptxel that should be gray i instead of with a hue Right button 2 double click to abort saq diak E ix s quaweunseay E x www micrometrics net 7 Micrometrics SE User s Manual 2a File Edit View Database Field Adjust Enhance Measure Annotate Window Help ngulas zapal om a BRAAAXS2S0 Standard Preset Light Temperature Frequency O Fluorescent 50Hz Incandescent 50H2 Other Other Brcooooy amp F lip 5 C Horizontal C Vertical Exposure ms 5 155 305 V Extended M Auto ore xe H 3 Searchin W a 8 Color Balance Angle Angle Angle saq diay x ss aseqezeq E x Click on a pixel that should be gray image 2006 03 25 17 14 23 Jane printing resolution and defect are c instead of with a hue Right button Fi double click to abort ml i x 816 y 600 R 170 G 121 B 137 H 241 5 75 100 00 W 2048 00 H 1 Angle si quawaunsealy 2 x Angle The Empty Image Window Micrometrics SE emp
26. de may be captured with Micrometrics SE as illustrated below Click on the two endpoints to specify a line segment on the image of the calibration slide sue 40 50 60 OREGUN Micrometer Calibration ii Length we ok Magnification Cancel Www micrometrics net 65 Micrometrics SE User s Manual In the Micrometer Calibration dialog specify the length of the line in microns and the intended magnification Micrometer Calibration Length Magnification Magniticatioar Micrometer gt Burn into Image wa Pa Cancel Enter the length of the line in microns not counting magnification factor Enter the nominal magnification The magnification is used in printing only where the image appears magnified on paper All measurements are done in microns and have nothing to do with magnifying factor Push to close the dialog and commit the new settings of system micrometer Push to close the dialog and discard any change to system micrometer Use the Burn into Image command to place a graphical representation of micrometer on the active image The graphical representation of the active image s micrometer will be placed on the overlay layer of the active image Www micrometrics net 66 Micrometrics SE User s Manual Micrometer gt Burn into Image Options Use the Burn into Image Options command to customize the graphical representation of the micrometer a n a a xe Options fo
27. ded a new image window will be created to hold the image data from that record If the image has been measured before measurement information will also be loaded into the auxiliary window Measurement Delete Use the Delete command to delete the selected records in the database For this command to work at lease one record has to be selected Otherwise the following warning message appears Micrometrics SE 2 2 A Please select a record A deleted recorded cannot be restored www micrometrics net 42 Micrometrics SE User s Manual Refresh Use the Refresh command to reset the record list to its default state Upon startup the auxiliary window Database shows the most recently added records up to 100 entries After a query has been made on the database the auxiliary window Database shows the query result Choose Refresh to list the records in order of their creation Wwww micrometrics net 43 Micrometrics SE User s Manual The Field Menu The Field Group of Micrometrics SE is a buffer of images with a thumbnail displayed for each image Field Group can be a destination of acquired images Images in Field Group can also act as the input to a multi operand image processing operation The Field Group is a complementary means of image organization While an image in an Image Window can be more readily viewed or processed the Field Group provides the concept and infrastructure of an ordered set of images Micrometr
28. e The management of the built in database and the interaction of the active image and the database may be carried out from the auxiliary window Database Patamase BS Searchin ley Li Caption Date Author Description Inclusion 2006 04 25 16 13 35 John Mon metal inclusion in Tissue 2006 04 22 18 01 25 Jack The haze illustrates spherical aberration It cannot be Bone 2006 04 22 16 35 42 Jack Radiograph processed as pho z Store Push a to save the active image and its measurement result to the built in database www micrometrics net 123 Micrometrics SE User s Manual Database x Caption Bone 4 22 2006 Author Jack Description Radiograph processed as photomicrograph Caption Specify a caption for the record to create Must be a single line of text The title of the active image is initially displayed but it is free to specify a different one The caption should be unique within the database Otherwise a warning message appears as shown below Answer Yes to replace the existing record with the same caption Answer No to abort the storing operation Bone Micrometrics SE 7 2 e m Database already contains a record captioned Field 1 Would you like to replace the record Date Specify the date of creation of the record The date initially shown is Ww se that of the computer Click to pick up another date as illustrated below Www micrometrics net 124 Mi
29. e done may be specified Push 4 to start searching The search result will be given in the record list www micrometrics net 128
30. e reduction operation The process of adding contrast image to background image is called back projection Options for Unsharp es Mask Radius 17 A Latitude Reduction 05 Xo Cancel High Boost 1 Combine q Mask Radius The support of the Gaussian filter to separate the active image into background and contrast The coefficient by which the background image will be multiplied 0 5 corresponds to latitude reduction by 1 bit 0 25 Latitude Reduction Wwww micrometrics net 74 Micrometrics SE User s Manual High Boost 1 Combine 0 Wwww micrometrics net corresponds to latitude reduction by 2 bits Any value may be entered here However if a number greater than is given the contrast of the image will be decreased The coefficient by which the contrast image will be multiplied Any value may be entered here However if a number smaller than 1 is given the image will be smoothed Specify how the background image and contrast image are combined Valid values are in the range 0 1 If 0 is entered the background image and the contrast image will be simply added If 1 is entered only the brightest pixels of the background image will be modified by adding corresponding pixels from the contrast image The parameter determines the dependency of back projection on background image Push to dismiss the dialog and keep the parameters for Unsharp Push to dismiss the dialog and discard any chan
31. ea and perimeter of a polygon Click to specify the vertices of the polygon After the last vertex has been specified double click right button to start and to complete the measurement The polygon will be put on the overlay layer of the image A short text describing the measured area and perimeter will appear in a text box annotation object Two entries will be appended to the auxiliary window Measurement One entry is the area the other is perimeter Wwww micrometrics net 97 Micrometrics SE User s Manual The Annotation Menu An image of Micrometrics SE may have temporary layers called annotation layers Each annotation layer consists of an annotation object An annotation object is a vector graphics object that can be moved resized or edited without loosing resolution Annotation layers exist only when an image is being annotated by Micrometrics SE Annotation objects may be burned into the image where the pixels of the pictorial layer of the image are modified to represent the vector graphics of the annotation objects Annotation objects that have not been burned into image when the image is saved to disk or cached in Field Group will be deleted The process of burning an annotation object includes deleting that temporal layer Annotation layers are topmost layers of an image of Micrometrics SE and may obscure pictorial and overlay layers Annotation is possible only when Micrometrics SE is in annotating mode To enter the an
32. ed horizontally in the paper Zoom for AAA and CAP This section specifies a zoom ratio of the images for use with printing under AAA and CAP modes Displacement for CAP mm This section specifies offsets of the image for use with printing under CAP mode The origins of the image and paper are their top left corners Horizontal displacement is defined as the distance between the leftmost column of the image and the left side of the paper s rectangular printable area Vertical displacement is defined as the distance between topmost row of the image and the top of the paper s rectangular printable area The distance is measured in millimeters The Print Image Layout command is used to configure the printing but it does not initiate a printing process Print Preview Use the Print Preview command to simulate image printing on computer screen In this mode Micrometrics SE menu toolbars auxiliary windows except the Control Panel are hidden as illustrated below Www micrometrics net 22 Micrometrics SE User s Manual Micrometrics SE 2 2 Nuc Control Panel amp Gy Camera Control is Preset Add Light Temperature Frequency Fluorescent 60Hz O Incandescent 50Hz O Other Other Flip C Horizontal C Vertical Exposure ms 5 155 305 Extended Auto White Balance Note that an enhanced print preview toolbar appears There are seven buttons the function of each
33. elected color The green value can also be entered directly or adjusted with the spin buttons The green is in the range 0 255 33 Micrometrics SE User s Manual Show the blue of the currently selected color The blue value can also be entered directly or adjusted with the spin buttons The blue is in the range 0 255 Show the currently selected color Show the currently overlay color Push to dismiss the dialog and set the selected created color as the new color for displaying overlay Push to dismiss the dialog and discard any changes made during the dialog Overlay Size Use the Overlay Size command to change the line width and font size for graphics generated by subsequent measurement operations All measurement operations generate graphical overlays Most of the measurement operations also generate textual annotation objects describing the quantitative output of the measurement In addition measurement may be carried out in either browsing mode or focusing mode of image display In browsing mode the full field of view is visible albeit possibly in a reduced resolution In focusing mode maximal details are shown although the field of view may be partially visible www micrometrics net 34 Micrometrics SE User s Manual Overlay Size Line Pitch Text Size Auto Zoom A relative scale of the pen width for Line Pitch graphical overlay Text E A relative scale of fon
34. els in each frame of the video from that camera Luminance is sometimes used in place of intensity in describing a color by HSI model In camera terminology gain has the greatest similarity to intensity Whenever gain is involved it is multiplicative instead of additive as in the processing of a still image Grayscale and Indexed Color When a digital image is not concerned with any chromatic meaning Grayscale model is used to represent colors In this case a single integer in the range 0 255 is used to describe the energy content of a color corresponding to the intensity channel of HSI model The other color model that uses a single number to describe the color is the Indexed Color which is based on a palette of 256 colors Micrometrics SE does not attempt to interpret the color in an image of indexed color Whenever it reads a file of indexed color image it converts the image to grayscale by simply mapping the indices to the intensities of a grayscale image Color Components and Channels In RGB model each of the red blue or green values is referred to as a component or channel of the color Color component and color channel are used interchangeably in this document The same is true for HSI model and Grayscale model A color described by the HSI model has three components or channels namely the hue channel the saturation channel and the intensity or luminance channel A color described by Grayscale model has only one channel na
35. er s Manual The images in the Field Group will be saved in turn For each image a File Save As dialog is open with a default file name It is possible to change file name format and location on disk separately for each image The acceptable file formats are listed below Windows Bitmap bmp o Portable Network Graphics png Portable Pixelmap ppm o Targa tga PO Append Use the Append command to add the active image to the end of Field Group The Field Group is limited in both pre allocated memory and number of thumbnails When there is no room for another image the Append command fails quietly The Field Group retains all information of the image including metrical and magnification settings Equivalent Command Double click within the active image window Load Use the Load command to open the selected image in Field Group A new image window will be created to hold a copy of the image in Field Group The image in Field Group will not be removed Equivalent Command Www micrometrics net 46 Micrometrics SE User s Manual Double click within the thumbnail of the image in Field Group Selecting an image in Field Group 1 Click within the thumbnail 2 Hover over the thumbnail for 2 or more seconds Move Up Use the Move Up command to swap the selected image in Field Group with the preceding one Equivalent Command Right click the thumbnail to bring up Field Group Context Menu and c
36. er used last time When Micrometrics SE exits it automatically updates the settings file 2 From Standard Sub Pane Www micrometrics net 63 Micrometrics SE User s Manual a Fluorescent 400 iw Preset Add Light Temperature Frequency Fluorescent BOHz C Incandescent 50Hz Other Flip _ Horizontal Vertical Exposure m F 155 305 Extended Auto White Balance an y 0 Red 1 96 0 Blue 1 96 400 Fluorescent v Camera presets include micrometer setting If a preset for example 400 X Fluorescent is selected the system micrometer will be replace by the one stored in the preset and all subsequently acquired images www micrometrics net 64 Micrometrics SE User s Manual will be calibrated according to the system micrometer stored in that preset This helps to avoid measurement errors induced by system error of the magnification power of the objectives Micrometer gt Calibration Use the Micrometer gt Calibration command to set up system micrometer The system micrometer consists of the sampling intervals in horizontal and vertical directions and the magnification intended for printing this image In the calibration process only one of the two sampling intervals will be calculated as modern cameras all have square pixels Micrometrics SE derives the sampling interval from the length of a straight line segment on the image of a calibration slide An image of calibration sli
37. ess commands Wwww micrometrics net 60 Micrometrics SE User s Manual Increments Intensity 16 wv DK Saturation 16 Cancel Hue TE Intensity 16 The intensity of a pixel is in the range 0 255 Values out of the range will be truncated Saturation 16 The saturation of a pixel is in the range 0 255 Values out of the range will be truncated Hue T The hue of a pixel is in the range 0 255 and is cyclic with a period of 256 Push to dismiss the dialog and Push to dismiss the dialog and Mirror Use the Mirror commands to flip the active image When the active image window is showing the video the command actually flips the live images Rotate Use the Rotate commands to rotate the active image When the active image window is showing the video the command actually rotates the live images www micrometrics net 61 Micrometrics SE User s Manual Magnification Use the Magnification command to synchronize calibration with objective switching For correct measurement and printing Micrometrics SE needs to know the sampling intervals and magnification of the digital image Horizontal sampling interval vertical sampling interval and magnification comprise a micrometer Each image acquired with Micrometrics SE has a micrometer associated with it This micrometer is the basis of correct measurement and printing and cannot be modified after the image has been created Micrometrics SE also maintains a system
38. et a new color for the overlay layer The overlay layer can be shown in different colors after it have been created To select a new color choose Overlay Colors and pick up a desirable one This command is special in that a dialog appears in place of a popup menu item as shown below Overlay Color a Overlay Size Automatic BEER EEE EE Se eee ae See it tt fT Se Eit to Window E Foor Preview More Colors The dialog is initially docked to the menu item Overly Color however if desired it can be made floating by dragging its grip Wwww micrometrics net 30 Micrometrics SE User s Manual Overlay Color Automatic BREE Eee Se eeeke er HM 1 OOI E S More Colors The dialog in two different dock states behaves in exactly the same way Click Automatic to select the color white as the overlay color Click any of the color boxes to select that color as the overlay color Click More Colors for more choices or to create a new color Click More Colors will bring up another dialog as shown next Colors Standard Custom Colors E ie Curent Again click a hexagon to pick up its color as the new overly color The present overlay color is shown in a box at the bottom right corner Www micrometrics net 31 Micrometrics SE User s Manual of the dialog box The present selection is shown i
39. eters may be measured with a single command Entries may be selected and dragged to an external program for further processing www micrometrics net 14 Micrometrics SE User s Manual Section 2 Menu Commands Most commands are accessible from menu Some of the more frequently invoked commands also have toolbar buttons and or shortcut key combinations associated with them Those commands that are not accessible from menu are described in Section 3 Other Commands Relating a toolbar button to a menu item The toolbar button is also drawn to the left of the corresponding menu item in addition to appearing separately on a toolbar Relating a shortcut key combination to a menu item A short textual description of the shortcut key combination is shown to the right of the corresponding menu item Micrometrics SE has seven major menus Document Menu Main Frame Menu OLE Container Menu OLE Server Menu Field Group Context Menu Image Window Tab Context Menu Toolbar and Auxiliary Window Context Menu ee be ee Most work will be carried out by commands in Document Menu which is the default menu when Micrometrics SE starts up Main Frame Menu will replace Document Menu whenever there is no image window in the main window The commands contained in this menu are mainly useful in creating a new image window by New for Video Preview or Open or to exit from Micrometrics SE by Exit Main Frame Menu will not appear when there i
40. etween neighboring points on a row is referred to as the horizontal sampling interval The distance between neighboring points on a column is referred to as the vertical sampling interval Sampling interval multiplied by the number of columns and rows is exactly the size of the field of view over which the image has been captured Vector graphics consists of lines and curves defined by mathematical objects called vectors which describe pictures according to their geometric characteristics The lines or curves of an object can be painted with a specific color The interior of the shape enclosed by these lines and curves may also be painted with a specific color Vector graphics can have only a limited number of colors and cannot represent natural scenes They are mainly useful in annotating raster images Raster images are resolution dependent that is they represent a fixed number of pixels and can appear jagged and lose detail if they are scaled on screen or if they are printed at a higher resolution than they were created for On the other hand vector graphics are resolution Www micrometrics net 5 Micrometrics SE User s Manual independent that is they are defined by analytical formulas and so can be scaled arbitrarily to appear crisp and sharp on any output device at any resolution Micrometrics SE works with both raster images and vector graphics The images grabbed from cameras are raster images The annotation objects created
41. ew value may be entered directly Or use the spin buttons to adjust the setting Show the style of the line Click to pick up a new style from the popup style selector as illustrated below ee EE E Ee Ee Ee Ee soiis iis i i i i i i i t a E t Hf E St ee O H E t t Ef t ee O H t t Ee SE 6 T 77 77 77 If checked the endpoints of the mendan line will be drawn as solid balls www micrometrics net 101 Micrometrics SE User s Manual Rectangle Use the Rectangle command to add rectangle objects Each rectangle is specified by two diagonal vertices Press down left mouse button to specify one vertex Move the mouse to the other vertex while keeping left mouse button pressed to draw the rectangle Release left mouse button to complete the creation of this rectangle Repeat the procedure above to add more rectangle objects A rectangle object has eight resizing handles as illustrated below Drag the handles at the four corners to adjust width and height of the rectangle simultaneously Drag the other handles to adjust width or height but not both Drag anywhere else within the rectangle to move the rectangle object Double click a rectangle to edit its properties As illustrated below the properties of a rectangle object consist of those properties of those four lines that make up the rectangle and the properties that specify how the interior of the rectangle is to be painted Www micrometrics ne
42. ge to parameters for Unsharp 75 Micrometrics SE User s Manual Max Contrast Use the Max Contrast command to linearly scale the intensities of the active image so that they span the whole dynamic range The following two images together with their histograms illustrate the process Www micrometrics net 76 Micrometrics SE User s Manual Histogram X Histogram Sketch Use the Sketch to generate a pencil drawing from the active image The example below illustrates the process www micrometrics net T1 Micrometrics SE User s Manual Adaptive Edge Emphasis Use the Adaptive Edge Emphasis to enhance edges in the active image The example below illustrates the process Www micrometrics net 78 Micrometrics SE User s Manual Equalization Use the Equalization command to manipulate the histogram of the active image to make it as flat as possible The following two images together with their histograms illustrate the process Www micrometrics net 79 Micrometrics SE User s Manual Amplitude Depletion Use the Amplitude Depletion command to extract the texture of the active image The example below illustrates the process Www micrometrics net 80 Micrometrics SE User s Manual Darkfield Simulation Use the Darkfield Simulation command to generate a darkfield representation of a brightfield image The example below illustrates the process
43. ght be printed Three modes are defined by Micrometrics SE AAA All Images Automatically Aligned CAP Current Image Absolutely Positioned and CFP Current Image Fit to Paper e AAA Under this mode all images except empty ones would be printed The layout and pagination of images are fully automatic A zoom factor may be applied to all images before the final page layout is calculated The zoom factor is specified in Zoom for AAA and CAP The titles would also be printed under images e CAP Under this mode the active image would be printed 1f it is not empty The size and position of the printed image may be modified The image may be zoomed according to the factor specified in Zoom for AAA and CAP The image can be placed anywhere on the paper The position of the printed image refers to the horizontal and vertical offset of the top left corner of the image with respect to the top left corner of the www micrometrics net 21 Micrometrics SE User s Manual printable area of the paper in millimeters The offsets are specified in Displacement for CAP mm e CFP Under this mode the active image would be printed if it is not empty The image is automatically scaled to fill the width or height of the paper depending on aspect ratios of the image and paper The aspect ratio of the image is kept constant If the image could not occupy the whole printable area of the paper it will be placed to the top side as far as possible but center
44. hoose Move Up Selecting an image in Field Group 1 Click the thumbnail 2 Hover over the thumbnail for 2 or more seconds Move Down Use the Move Down command to swap the selected image in Field Group with the following one Equivalent Command Right click the thumbnail to bring up Field Group Context Menu and choose Move Down Selecting an image in Field Group 1 Click the thumbnail 2 Hover over the thumbnail for 2 or more seconds Www micrometrics net 47 Micrometrics SE User s Manual Clear Use the Clear command to remove the selected image from the Field Group Equivalent Command Right click the thumbnail to bring up Field Group Context Menu and choose Clear Selecting an image in Field Group 1 Click the thumbnail 2 Hover over the thumbnail for 2 or more seconds Clear All Use the Clear All command to empty the Field Group Equivalent Command Right click the thumbnail to bring up Field Group Context Menu and choose Clear All Selecting an image in Field Group 1 Click the thumbnail 2 Hover over the thumbnail for 2 or more seconds Max Use the Max command to create a pixel wise channel wise maximal value image from all images in the Field Group For this command to work all images in Field Group must be identical in the numbers of columns and rows of pixels and the number of color channels and there must be at least two images in the Field Group Www micrometrics net 48 Micr
45. icrometrics SE User s Manual Help Desk Light Density Move curser up or down over the image with lett button down to select the line tor density profiling Release lett button to ix v Help Desk provides context sensitive information for commands that involves extended mouse actions Database Database Description Inclusion 2006 04 25 16 13 35 John Mon metal inclusion in Tissue 2006 04 22 18 01 25 Jack The haze illustrates spherical aberration It cannot be 3 Bone 2006 04 22 16 35 42 Jack Radiograph processed as pho an T 5 The database provides full control over the built in database Some commands may only be available from this auxiliary window For example click a column header to sort the list This command is not accessible from menu www micrometrics net 13 Micrometrics SE User s Manual Measurement Measurement Sg ee Command Farameter Caliper Distance 105 46 Grea Perimeter rea 0933 50 Grea Perimeter Perimeter 339 68 Area Perimeter Area l0ggz 00 gt Area Perimeter Perimeter 511 42 This auxiliary window is used to hold measurement result A row or an entry is also referred to as a record As illustrated above an entry consists of three cells namely the command that generates the entry the parameter that is being measured and the measurement result A measurement command may generate more than one entry because two types of param
46. ics SE has a mechanism for exchanging data between Field Group and Image Window Open Use the Open command to load images from a Field Group File fov A Field Group File fov is a file format used to hold the content of the Field Group Successfully loaded images from a Field Group file will be appended to the Field Group Note that images in Field Group File are also properly ordered as in the Field Group so the successfully loaded images will be appended to the Field Group in that order Save Use the Save command to store the content of Field Group to a Field Group File fov A Field Group File fov is a file format used to hold the content of the Field Group Import Use the Import command to load image files to Field Group Www micrometrics net 44 Micrometrics SE User s Manual This command is capable of opening multiple image files subject to the conditions that these files reside in the same folder and are in the same format The acceptable file formats are listed below Windows Bitmap bmp O S O JPEG i jege o O Dr Hao cut Ibm JPEG Network Graphics jng O O e a Format e N Graphics binary format a ae S binary format gmo o Graphics _ e _ o format ao r ee Targa tga Wireless Bitmap wbmp XII Bitmap xbm o XII Pixmap xpm pe Export Use the Export command to save images in Field Group to disk Www micrometrics net 45 Micrometrics SE Us
47. ine segment Right button double click to signify that all endpoints have been added and the Polyline command has been completed The total and average length of the line segments will be calculated The line segments will appear on the overlay layer of the active image A short description of the total and average length of the line segments will appear in a text box annotation object Two entries will be appended to the auxiliary window Measurement One entry is the total length of the line segments The other entry is the average length of the line segments The example below illustrates the process Www micrometrics net 93 Micrometrics SE User s Manual Circle from 3 Points Use the Circle from 3 Points command to measure the radius of a circle Click to specify three points If these points are not collinear a circle can be unique determined which passes through the three points The circle will appear on the overlay layer of the image A short text describing the quantity of its radius will appear in a text box annotation object A new entry will be made to the auxiliary window Measurement recording the value of the radius Repeat the above procedure to measure more circles The example below illustrates the process Www micrometrics net 94 Micrometrics SE User s Manual Area Perimeter Use the Area Perimeter command to measure the area and perimeter of a closed shape The closed shape is created by freehan
48. is explained below i Print 1 co Close 2 pri Click to start the actual printing Click to view the next page Click to view the last page ij Click to toggle between two page view and single page view Click to zoom in the image Click to zoom out the image ul Close Click to exit the print preview mode This is equivalent to pressing Esc key The status bar will be displaying the page number of the image being previewed www micrometrics net 23 Micrometrics SE User s Manual The main window now shows the print layout of the images Print preview has incorporated configurations set by both Print Setup and Print Image Layout Print Use the Print command to output a hardcopy of the active image or all opened images This command only initiates the printing process and does not specify how the printing should be done The printer selection and configuration is carried out by Print Setup The digital zoom factor position and alignment of images are specified by Print Image Layout Preview Video from Camera Use the Preview Video from Camera command to turn on or off video preview Micrometrics SE employs an empty image window to display live images Such a window is created automatically upon program startup To create a new empty image window choose File gt New for Video Preview The caption of the window indicated the model and possibly the serial number of the presently connected camera At any time one e
49. lay layer of the active image Grid Options Use the Grid Options command to specify how grids are to be drawn Wwww micrometrics net 88 Micrometrics SE User s Manual Options for Grid Rectangular ng P Cancel Spacing Cocentic Radius A adius Increment The distance in microns between neighboring parallel lines of the rectangular grid The radius in microns of the innermost circle of the co centric circular grid The difference of radius in microns of neighboring circles of the co centric circular grid vo keep the settings pe eee Push to close the dialog and discard any change to grid options Spacing A adius A adius Increment Light Density Use the Light Density command to profile the intensity distribution of a row of pixels www micrometrics net 89 Micrometrics SE User s Manual Push down the left button of the mouse to start profiling A horizontal line will be drawn passing through the position of mouse cursor The intensity distribution of those pixels of the active image on this line will be profiled This line also stands for the half of the dynamic range 1 e 128 Another line being drawn below stands for 0 The curve drawn over the image stands for the intensities of the pixels Move the mouse while keeping the left button of the mouse pressed to preview other rows of pixels Release the left button of the mouse to finalize the profiling Repea
50. ld be unique within the database Otherwise a warning message appears as shown below Answer Yes to replace the existing record with the same caption Answer No to abort the storing operation Bone Micrometrics SE 7 2 h P Database already contains a record captioned Field 1 Would you like to replace the record 7 Date Specify the date of creation of the record The date initially shown is Ww TAN that of the computer Click to pick up another date as illustrated below Wwww micrometrics net 40 Micrometrics SE User s Manual Database Caption Bone Date fee 20G April 2006 4 5 Ff 11 G Tes 14 le 19 20 z 20 seo T 20 Today 4722 2006 A date may also be entered directly Author Specify the name of the person Ja who is responsible for the acquisition processing or measurement of the active image Must be a single line of text Description Specify a single line of text as a note remark or comment Push to add the new record to database Push to exit the dialog and do not modify the database Radiograph processed as photo Load Use the Load command to open the selected record in the database Www micrometrics net 41 Micrometrics SE User s Manual Note that a record in the database must have been selected for this command to work Otherwise a warning message will appear as the following Micrometrics SE 2 2 A Please select a record When a record is successfully loa
51. llocated Memory o Cancel Number of Undo Steps b Screen Gamma 100 NOTE Effective After Restart This Program The number of thumbnails in Field Group The size of the memory in MB that has been allocated to Field Group The maximum length of processing history for each image The Gamma of computer screen in Humber of Fields Preallocated Memory Number of Undo Steps Screen Gamma Www micrometrics net 115 Micrometrics SE User s Manual inde Push to dismiss the dialog and to apply the settings when Micrometrics SE runs again Push to dismiss the dialog and not to change any setting P Cancel Manual Use the Manual command to open User s Guide Online Help Use the Online Help to connect to Micrometrics SE website About Micrometrics SE Use the About Micrometrics SE command to read copyright notice and version information www micrometrics net 116 Micrometrics SE User s Manual Section 3 Other Commands This section details the commands that are not accessible from menu Specifically the native cameras and built in database are most conveniently controlled from Control Panel and Database Window Camera Control The camera presently connected to Micrometrics SE can be fully controlled from within the Camera Control Pane of Control Panel Image acquisition will be based on the current camera settings and system micrometer described in detail below Camera
52. loys an empty image window to display live images from the camera The live image may pan and scroll in the same way as a still image Www micrometrics net 8 Micrometrics SE User s Manual Workspace Besides image windows many other windows or user interface elements reside within the main window of Micrometrics SE These include menu toolbars status bar and auxiliary windows providing additional information about the images or control of the camera Menu The menu can be either docked or floating Double click its grip or caption bar to toggle between the two states When the menu is docked it can be docked to any of the four sides of the main window Drag the grip or caption of the menu to adjust its position or to dock it to a particular side of the main window The grip of the menu is the dot matrix at the left or top of the menu in docked state Toolbar Micrometrics SE has four toolbars Each toolbar can be either visible or hidden When a toolbar is visible it can be either docked or floating Double click its grip or caption to toggle between the two states When a toolbar is docked it can be docked to any of the four sides of the main window Drag the grip or caption of a toolbar to adjust its position or to dock it to a particular side of the main window The grip of a toolbar is the dot matrix at the left or top of the toolbar in docked state Wwww micrometrics net 9 Micrometrics SE User s Manual Status Bar
53. measured in pixels Text Use the Text command to add text box objects Click to add a text box object Unlike other annotation commands the property dialog appear immediately upon the creation of a text box object as illustrated below www micrometrics net 108 Micrometrics SE User s Manual Properties Graphics see here for comments Border Ellipse wt Alignment Left t Push to open the standard Windows Font Dialog where a font including its style size and effects may be specified for the text in the annotation object Enter the text see here for comments for the www micrometrics net 109 Micrometrics SE User s Manual a l object Show how the Border bounding rectangle of the text appears Click the drop list to specify whether the bounding rectangle is to be displayed straight as a rectangle or a round rectangle or an ellipse or not to be displayed at all Al Show how the avon mes positioned in the bounding rectangle Click the drop list to specify whether the text is to be left justified right justified or to be placed in the center If the bounding rectangle is to be shown the line and fill properties apply to the bounding rectangle If the bounding rectangle is to be shown as rectangle full line properties apply If the bounding rectangle is to be shown as round rectangle or ellipse line style is forced to be solid and the other line style set
54. mely the intensity channel The triple used by RGB and HSI models and the single number used by Grayscale model are called color value Color Model Conversions RGB and HSI are equivalent means to describe colors The main reason to use multiple color models is to facilitate the understanding of image processing of Micrometrics SE The internal conversion between the two models is handled implicitly and needs no user input Www micrometrics net 4 Micrometrics SE User s Manual RGB and HSI may also be used to represent a monochrome image as Grayscale model does In this situation the three channels of RGB are set equal and the hue and saturation channels of HSI are set to Zero Raster Images and Vector Graphics The components that make up the scene on a computer screen fall into two main categories raster images and vector graphics Raster images use a grid of small squares known as pixels to represent pictures Each pixel in a raster image has a specific location and color value assigned to it When working with raster images groups of pixels rather than objects or shapes are being edited Because they can represent subtle gradations of shades and color raster images are the most common electronic medium for continuous tone pictures such as photomicrographs The terms raster image and pixel array are used interchangeably in this document In fact a raster image may also be described as a matrix of points The distance b
55. mera A smart exposure mode When checked dark area will be adjusted to be more visible is determined by the camera White Balance white Balance 0 Red 1 96 0 Blue 1 96 The white balance of the camera is fully automatic However it is possible to fine tune the color reproduction by adjust red and blue gains of the camera Use the sliders to adjust the gains of red and blue channel of the video stream www micrometrics net 121 Micrometrics SE User s Manual Reset Push to reset all camera settings to factory default Extended The sharpness saturation Gamma brightness and contrast of the camera may be controlled from this sub pane Note that adjusting saturation of a camera means to modify the saturation of each pixel in each frame of the video stream from that camera by the specified amount Note also that the range of saturation of a camera must be scaled to match that of a pixel which is always 0 255 Brightness and contrast are purely camera specific All these parameters of the camera are adjusted independently of the others that is each type of adjustment is separately applied to the raw video frames of the camera Use the sliders to adjust these parameters The current values of the parameters are shown at the top right corners of respective sliders Www micrometrics net 122 Micrometrics SE User s Manual a Sharpness 4 Gamma 1 Saturation 44 Brightness 7 110 Contrast y J J Databas
56. mpty image window at most can be used to preview video Choose Preview Video from Camera again to shutdown the video If it is desired to preview video in a particular empty image window make that image window the active image window and choose Preview Video from Camera Preview Video from Camera amp Store to Disk Use the Preview Video from Camera and Store to Disk command to turn on or off video preview and recording Micrometrics SE employs an empty image window to display live images Such a window is created automatically upon program startup To create a new empty image window choose File gt New for Www micrometrics net 24 Micrometrics SE User s Manual Video Preview The caption of the window indicated the model and possibly the serial number of the presently connected camera At any time one empty image window at most can be used to preview video Choose Preview Video from Camera amp Store to Disk again to shutdown the video If it is desired to preview video in a particular empty image window make that image window the active image window and choose Preview Video from Camera amp Store to Disk A dialog box will be open to accept a file name for the video clip to generate The video clip is uncompressed in AVI format Playback Use the Playback command to play a video clip Micrometrics SE employs an empty image window to display live images Such a window is created automatically upon program startup To create
57. n startup It magnifies a small region of an image The magnification rate is adjustable with the slider at the bottom of the zoom preview window The zoom preview window works on both still image and live image The region to magnify is set by current mouse position Screen Gamma Use the Screen Gamma command to adjust the Gamma of the computer screen Screen Gamma d y OK 1 100 400 Cancel Use the slider to set a new Gamma value j The minimal allowable screen Gamma corresponding to the physical value 0 01 The current screen Gamma scaled up by 100 corresponding to the physical value 4 Gamma setting Push to dismiss the dialog and discard any modification to screen Gamma made during the dialog A Cancel Equivalent Commands 1 From Settings File www micrometrics net 37 Micrometrics SE User s Manual Upon startup Micrometrics SE will load the screen Gamma setting used last time Upon exit Micrometrics SE will store the screen Gamma value to a private settings file 2 From Help gt Settings Any change made to screen Gamma will be shown when this dialog is open Any change made to screen Gamma during this dialog will be effective when Micrometrics SE runs next time Wwww micrometrics net 38 Micrometrics SE User s Manual The Database Menu A full featured database system has been built into Micrometrics SE The database is accessible whenever Micrometrics SE is running All the information
58. n the box above the present overly color box Push OK to dismiss the dialog and set the new color as overlay color Push Cancel to dismiss the dialog with overlay color remaining the original If it becomes necessary to create a unique color click Custom to switch to the other tab of this two tab dialog box as shown below Standard Custom Colors ok i E LE Red 255 E rs Green 255 Ea Blue o lt Current Click or drag to adjust hue and saturation of the currently selected color Www micrometrics net 32 Micrometrics SE User s Manual Green 255 www micrometrics net Click or drag to adjust luminance intensity of the currently selected color Show the hue of the currently selected color The hue value can also be entered directly or adjusted with the spin buttons The hue is in the range 0 255 Show the saturation of the currently selected color The saturation value can also be entered directly or adjusted with the spin buttons The saturation is in the range 0 255 Show the luminance or intensity of the currently selected color The luminance or intensity can also be entered directly or adjusted with the spin buttons The luminance or intensity is in the range 0 255 Show the red of the currently selected color The red value can also be entered directly or adjusted with the spin buttons The red is in the range 0 255 Show the green of the currently s
59. ngle has limited line properties The line styles other than the solid cannot be specified for a round rectangle Ellipse Use the Ellipse command to add ellipse objects An ellipse is fully specified by its minimum bounding rectangle The creation of an ellipse object is identical to that of its minimum bounding rectangle as illustrated below although the rectangle is not visible when the ellipse is not selected An ellipse is moved resized in the same way as a rectangle object The properties of an ellipse are identical to those of a round rectangle i e only solid line style is applicable Polygon Use the Polygon command to add polygon objects There are two ways to create a polygon object by clicks and by freehand drawing By Clicks Www micrometrics net 105 Micrometrics SE User s Manual A polygon is specified by its vertices Click to add a new vertex Double click to add the last vertex By Freehand Drawing Press down the left mouse button to start drawing Move the mouse while keeping left button pressed to draw a polygon Double click to finish drawing If a polygon has been created by clicks each vertex is a resizing handle If a polygon has been created by freehand drawing each point on the drawing is a resizing handle See below for an illustration The polygon on the left 1s created by clicks the one on the right is created by freehand drawing A polygon has an identical set of properties to tha
60. notating mode choose Annotate gt Enable To leave the annotating mode choose that menu item again In annotating mode those measurement commands that involves extended mouse actions will be disabled The hand tool for image pan and scroll and the micrometer calibration are also disabled in annotating mode One or more annotation objects can be selected Click to select an object in the annotating mode Shift Click to select an additional object To select all the annotation objects press Ctrl A To deselect all the annotation objects double click anywhere that is not occupied by an annotation object Selected objects can be moved together To move selected objects drag any one of them Selected objects can also be cloned To clone selected objects click any one of them while pressing down the Ctrl key When a selected object is the only selected object it may be resized To resize an annotation object drag its resizing handles An annotation object can have as many as nine resizing handles located on the bounding rectangle of the annotation object Resizing handles usually reside at the four corners or the center of line segments To detect a resizing handle hover the mouse over the bounding rectangle Www micrometrics net 98 Micrometrics SE User s Manual and wait for the change of cursor If a resizing cursor appears it means the mouse is over a resizing handle Note the bounding rectangle will not appear until the objec
61. o toggle the visibility of each toolbar or auxiliary window Auxiliary Window Control Panel Image Processing Help Desk Image Measurement Image Annotation A toolbar can be either visible or hidden When it is visible it can be either docked or floating The menu can also be docked or floating although it cannot be hidden Drag its grip to adjust the position of a toolbar or the menu Double click on its grip to toggle the dock state of a toolbar or the menu Control Panel can be visible or hidden However it is always docked to the left side of the main window Control Panel can be resized but cannot be floating or docked to any other side of the main window The other auxiliary windows can be either visible or hidden When they are visible they can be either docked or floating Drag their captions to adjust their positions Double click on their captions to toggle their dock states Status Bar Use the Status Bar command to toggle the visibility of the status bar Www micrometrics net 28 Micrometrics SE User s Manual Auxiliary Window Captions Use the Auxiliary Window Captions command to turn on or off the Windows Themes on all the auxiliary windows Micrometrics SE is able to draw the captions of the auxiliary windows in its own way but also accepts Windows Themes for its auxiliary windows If Auxiliary Window Captions is unchecked as is the default Micrometrics SE will draw the captions of auxiliary windows in
62. ometrics SE User s Manual A new image window will be created to hold the output image The output image has the same numbers of columns and rows of pixels and the same number of color channels The value of each color component channel of each pixel of the output image is set as the greatest of all corresponding values from all images in the Field Group The output image has the same sampling intervals and magnification setting as those of the first image in the Field Group Min Use the Min command to create a pixel wise channel wise minimal value image from all images in the Field Group For this command to work all images in Field Group must be identical in the numbers of columns and rows of pixels and the number of color channels and there must be at least two images in the Field Group A new image window will be created to hold the output image The output image has the same numbers of columns and rows of pixels and the same number of color channels The value of each color component channel of each pixel of the output image is set as the least of all corresponding values from all images in the Field Group The output image has the same sampling intervals and magnification setting as those of the first image in the Field Group The example below illustrates the process The first image is pure green simulating a microscope filter The second image is a raw image captured for a specimen The third image is the output of the
63. ormat meg retains both pictorial and metrical information and are the best for archival purpose The other image formats keep pictorial information only The supported image formats are listed below Format File Remark Extension Www micrometrics net 19 Micrometrics SE User s Manual information format Group when compressing Format Portable Bitmap PBM Writing in binary format Portable Gray Map Writing in binary format Portable Network PNG Graphics Portable Pixel Map PPM Writing in binary format Targa File Ce a ee Metallograph Containing calibration and magnification information Print Setup Use the Print Setup command to select a printer and set its properties for use with image hardcopy output Print Image Layout Use the Print Image Layout command to specify whether all images or only the active image should be printed and the way each image is to be aligned and scaled This command brings up the dialog shown below All settings will be saved automatically for later use in the current and later sessions Www micrometrics net 20 Micrometrics SE User s Manual Image Layout Alignment S a AAA All Images Automatically Aligned s Canel O CAP Current Image Absolutely Positioned CFP Current Image Fit to Paper oom for 444 and CAP Displacement tor CAF mm Horz U Vert D Alignment This section determines whether all images or only the active image mi
64. ost image of the column of images to be aligned The last image in Field Group should be the bottommost image of the column of images to be aligned There must be at least two valid images in Field Group In addition any two adjacent images must have at least 20 non overlapping areas and at least 32 overlapping rows of pixels The images are allowed to shift horizontally but the shift has to be limited to 16 columns of pixels Www micrometrics net 52 Micrometrics SE User s Manual A new image window will be created to hold the output panorama image The output image copies the sampling intervals and magnification setting from the first input image from Field Group Due to the overlapping of the input images the number of rows of the output image would be less than those of input images summed Due to possible horizontal shift of the input image the number of columns of the output image might also be less than that of an input image The cropping is automatic and transparent to users The example below illustrates the process The three images on the left are stitched to create the image on the right Multi Focus Composition Use the Multi Focus Composition command to create a best focused image from partially focused images in Field Group The partially focused images at least two must have been cached in Field Group All images in Field Group will contribute to the focus of the output image These input images must be iden
65. r Burning Micrometer into Image Length 100 w OK Text 100 micron Cancel Margin Aight b4 Margin Bottorn b4 The length of the scale bar in microns to be drawn on the overlay layer of the active image l The text to appear Text TOD micron under the scale bar The distance in pixels between the right side of the scale bar and the right side of the active image The distance in pixels between the bottom of the scale bar and the bottom of the active image Push to dismiss the dialog and put the new options for burning micrometer in effect x CE Push to dismiss the a dialog and discard any www micrometrics net 67 Margin Aight Margin Bottom Micrometrics SE User s Manual change to options for burning micrometer Wwww micrometrics net 68 Micrometrics SE User s Manual The Enhance Menu Flatfield Correction Use the Flatfield Correction command to filter the active image to make appear as if having been evenly illuminated The example below illustrates the process YY i re s B VII haj e Tr a AL ite tilp qi alt TAS EN fF T i a Nip ii b H i i th j Oe ad We A 5 nah s wh os Wie cs etes www micrometrics net 69 Micrometrics SE User s Manual Flatfield Correction Options Use the Flatfield Correction Options command to customize the filter employed in Flatfield Correction Options for Flat Field Correction Homogenous Radiu
66. rious proportions and intensities These components are known as primary colors red green and blue RGB Computer screens use RGB model to display graphics and images Most 8 bit image processing programs including Micrometrics SE employ a triple of integers in the range 0 255 to represent a color being described by RGB model HSI Human beings understand colors by their three fundamental characteristics hue saturation and intensity HSI Hue is the wavelength or frequency of light reflected from or transmitted through an object Most often hue is identified by the name of the color such as orange or purple Saturation is the strength or purity of the color and represents the amount of gray in proportion to the hue Intensity stands for the relative lightness or darkness of the color It is the energy contained in the color As in the case of RGB model Micrometrics SE uses a triple of integers of the range 0 255 to represent a color based on HSI model However a particular camera supported by Micrometrics SE may implement a camera specific range of values for hue saturation or intensity and may not use integers to represent the value For example some cameras allow the adjustment of saturation in the range 0 63 In this situation it is understood that the number in the range 0 63 Www micrometrics net 3 Micrometrics SE User s Manual has to be scaled to 0 255 in some way and added to the saturation component of pix
67. s a wv OK Cancel The support of the Homogenous A adius 3 Gaussian filter that will be used to detect illumination distribution Intuitively it is the radius in pixels of the biggest circle within which illumination remains even The default value 31 should work well in most cases A greater value may be specified 1f the illumination is flatter A smaller value may be specified 1f the illumination varies more abruptly Push to dismiss the dialog and update the parameter for use with Flatfield Correction Push to dismiss the A Cancel dialog and keep the original parameter of Flatfield Correction www micrometrics net 70 Micrometrics SE User s Manual Denoise Use the Denoise command to suppress noise in the active image The example below illustrates the process Remove Bad Pixels Use the Remove Bad Pixels command to detect and make up malfunctioning pixels The example below illustrates the process The first image is captured with a camera having defective pixels The second image is result of the operation The third image is the result of the command executed twice Www micrometrics net 71 Micrometrics SE User s Manual Unsharp Use the Unsharp command to do the generalized unsharp mask filtering for the active image The example below illustrates the process Www micrometrics net 12 Micrometrics SE User s Manual men aes 4 lt p j T lates S ra B e q A
68. s an image window in the main window OLE Container Menu will be called up only in the image annotation process when an external object is inserted and the server of this Www micrometrics net 15 Micrometrics SE User s Manual object is activated In this situation OLE Container Menu will merge with the object s server menu OLE Server Menu will be invoked when a native image object of Micrometrics SE is embedded into a document of another container program and is being edited Micrometrics SE will load the embedded image into its own image window When this image is the active image OLE Server Menu will be used Field Group Context Menu may be brought up by right click anywhere within Field Group Image Window Tab Context Menu may be brought up by right click anywhere within tab area of image windows Toolbar and Auxiliary Window Context Menu may be brought up by right click any area of the main window that is not occupied by any menus toolbars auxiliary windows or image windows In the following only the Document Menu is described The other menus often duplicate part of the Document Menu to provide a level of convenience Where they are unique they are usually simple commands that explain themselves Wwww micrometrics net 16 Micrometrics SE User s Manual The File Menu File menu commands are used to open save print and capture images and videos New for Video Preview Use the New for Video Preview command
69. settings refer to those parameters that are necessary to put the camera into a specific state The image captured from the camera will be immediately calibrated by copying system micrometer The contents of camera settings and calibration information are as the following Camera Settings Calibration Information Micrometer Www micrometrics net 117 Micrometrics SE User s Manual Standard a Fluorescent 400 iw Preset _Add Light Temperature Frequency Fluorescent E0Hz O Incandescent 50Hz C Other Flip _ Horizontal Vertical Exposure ms F 155 305 Extended Auto White Balance 9 y 0 Red 1 96 0 Blue 1 96 Presets www micrometrics net 118 Micrometrics SE User s Manual A preset consists of a complete set of parameters for controlling the camera and image calibration information as detailed below Camera Settings Brightness Calibration Information Sampling Intervals Micrometer Magnification Micrometrics SE maintains a list of presets A preset is identified by a name and by its position in the list if the name is not unique A present name is a single line of text which is entered when a preset is created and added to the preset list as shown below Preset Mame 400 Fluorescent Ta Pai Cancel Show the name of the preset that is currently applied Click to apply another preset Push to remove the current preset from the preset list Note that
70. t 102 Micrometrics SE User s Manual Pro perties es _ Round Pen 1 L2 Color _ Transparent Aron Trailer Style Size 7 Head Style Gize N For line properties please refer to the Line command The painting of the interior of a rectangle is defined by the Fill sector of the above dialog Fill Color ki _ Transparent Show the present color to fill the interior of the rectangle Click to pick up a new color as shown below Www micrometrics net 103 Micrometrics SE User s Manual Automatic More Colors Click Automatic to choose gray Click More Colors to bring up the standard Windows Color Picker Dialog where a new color may be defined If checked the Color property will be ignored and the interior of the rectangle will not be painted to allow the otherwise obscured objects or pixels to be visible Transparent Round Rectangle Use the Round Rectangle command to add round rectangle objects A round rectangle is similar to a rectangle except that its corners are made up of arcs The creation moving resizing and editing of a round rectangle is similar to those of a rectangle except for the following A round rectangle has nine resizing handles The handle within the round rectangle as shown below is used to adjust the roundness of the corners Www micrometrics net 104 Micrometrics SE User s Manual A round recta
71. t for textual eH alez annotation objects generated during measurement process If checked both line pitch and text _ Auto Zoom size will be re scaled according to zoom ratio currently used for displaying the image being measured Push to close the dialog and apply the settings to subsequent measurement a Push to close the dialog and discard _ Cancel the changes to overlay size made during the dialog Centre Use the Centre command to place the centre of the image at the centre of the image window Corner Use the Corner commands to place a corner of the image at the centre of the image window Www micrometrics net 35 Micrometrics SE User s Manual Fit to Window Use the Fit to Window command to toggle between browsing and focusing mode of image display In browsing mode the full field of view is visible albeit possibly in a reduced resolution In focusing mode maximal details are shown although the field of view may be partially visible Browsing mode is best for finding the right field of view to capture Focusing mode is best for finding the right focus position Zoom Preview Use the Zoom Preview command to toggle the visibility of the zoom preview window el CE z Zmnnnnnnnnn aannnnnn lannnnnn nnnnnnn nunnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnn lannnnan lan www micrometrics net 36 Micrometrics SE User s Manual The zoom preview window is a floating window created automatically by Micrometrics SE upo
72. t is selected Each annotation object has a set of properties associated with it The properties may be edited through popup dialogs To change the properties of an annotation object double click that object Enable Use the Enable command to toggle annotating mode In the annotating mode of Micrometrics SE all mouse actions over the active image except those for annotation are disabled Line Use the Line command to add line objects Each line object is defined by two endpoints Press left mouse button to specify one of the endpoints Move the mouse to the other endpoint while keeping the left mouse button pressed to draw the line Release the left mouse button to complete the line drawing The above procedure may be repeated to create more lines A line object has two resizing handles located at the two endpoints Wwww micrometrics net 99 Micrometrics SE User s Manual Properties Graphics Line Color B l Style Size 2 a Round Pen Fill Color ransparen Aro Trailer Style x Size p Head Style Size 0 Show the color to draw the line Click to pick up a new color from the popup palette as illustrated below www micrometrics net 100 Micrometrics SE User s Manual Automatic More Colors Push Automatic to specify the light gray color Push More Colors to bring up the Windows Color Picker Dialog for more and customized colors Show the width of line A n
73. t of an ellipse Arrow Use the Arrow command to add arrow objects An arrow is made up of an arrow head an arrow trailer and a line connecting the arrow head and trailer The arrow head and arrow trailer are shapes consisting of enclosing lines and interiors The lines enclosing arrow head and arrow trailer and the line connecting the arrow head and arrow trailer have full line properties associated with them The interiors of arrow head and arrow trailer have full fill properties associated with them Www micrometrics net 106 Micrometrics SE User s Manual An arrow is created moved and resized in the same way as a line The properties of an arrow include besides line and fill properties the shape and size of arrow head and arrow trailer as shown below Properties Graphics Line Color F r Style x Gize 3 zs _ Round Fen Fr 1 w Fill Aron Trailer Style Size g Head Style BTTO Traller Style Size 2 mi Head Style Size S 1 Click to pick up a new style of the arrow head www micrometrics net 107 Micrometrics SE User s Manual gt gt gt gt The style of the arrow trailer is set in a similar way The shapes of arrow trailer are mirrors of those of arrow head Use the spin button to adjust the size of arrow head or arrow trailer The size is defined as diameter of the bounding circle of the shape
74. t the above procedure for more profiles The Light Density command generates graphical output only The examples below illustrate the process Www micrometrics net 90 Micrometrics SE User s Manual Counting Use the Counting command to simulate a tally machine Click to count A temporary mark appears with each click Right button double click to finish counting The visited locations will be marked with serial numbers These graphics appear on the overlay layer of the image The Counting command also generates an entry in the auxiliary window Measurement The example below illustrates the process Www micrometrics net 91 Micrometrics SE User s Manual Angle Use the Angle command to measure angles Click to specify three controlling points The angle made by the line passing through the 1 and the 2 point and the line passing the 2 and 3 point will be measured The Angle command if successfully executed generates three types of output The angle will be shown as graphics on the overlay layer A short description of the angle will appear in a text box annotation object over the image The auxiliary window Measurement will also have a new entry added The following example illustrates the process Www micrometrics net 92 Micrometrics SE User s Manual Polyline Use the Polyline command to measure the lengths of connected line segments Click to specify endpoints of the connected l
75. the present camera settings and system micrometer will not be affected Just that the preset is deleted from the list Www micrometrics net 119 Micrometrics SE User s Manual Push to create a new preset and add it to the preset list The name of the preset is specified in the dialog above The content of the preset is derived from the current camera settings and system micrometer Light Source Temperature and Frequency Light Temperature Frequency Fluorescent BOHz 3 Incandescent 50Hz Other Select a light source type to aid the camera in working with an appropriate sensitive level and color reproduction Fluorescent mode is the most sensitive and the images tend to be white Because fluorescent lamps are powered by alternate current the image may flicker To avoid flicker select an appropriate frequency of the alternate current Incandescent are less sensitive and the images tend to be red Use the last light temperature mode for imaging under natural light Flip Flip _ Horizontal _ Vertical Show whether horizontal or vertical or both flips have been applied to the live image Click to set or reset a flip state Exposure Www micrometrics net 120 Micrometrics SE User s Manual Exposure rms z 155 305 Extended Auto milliseconds oS time manually allowable for the camera The current exposure time when the camera is in manual exposure mode allowable for the ca
76. tical in the Wwww micrometrics net 53 Micrometrics SE User s Manual numbers of columns and rows of pixels and the number of color channels For the multi focus composition to work the active image must also have the same number of columns and rows of pixels and the same number of color channels When the computation starts the active image will be replaced by the first image in the field group As the following images in field group are aligned and fused with the previous ones the active image will be replaced by the current state of the focus combination There are two concatenated stages of multi focus composition The first stage is the registration of the two adjacent images and the second stage is the fusion of two images The registration 1s the process to correct the image displacement It is used only when imaging with stereomicroscopes The fusion is the heart of multi focus composition and is common to all types of microscopy The Multi Focus Composition command brings up the following dialog box For images acquired from compound microscopes with vertical objectives simple press Start button To fuse images acquired from stereomicroscopes a single parameter Maximum Step Displacement MSD needs to be set before pressing Start button This parameter should be set as an upper bound of the translation in pixels between any two adjacent images Note it is not absolutely necessary to specify a precise v
77. tings will be ignored Www micrometrics net 110 Micrometrics SE User s Manual External Use the External command to insert an OLE object This command opens the standard Windows Insert Object Dialog as shown below All servers currently installed on the system are listed where an object may be created anew or from a file Insert Object Ax Object Type Create New Microsoft Equation 3 0 Microsoft Graph Chart Microsoft Office Excel Chart O Create fiom Eile Microsoft Office Excel Worksheet Microsoft PowerPoint Presentation Microsoft PowerPoint Slide Bere Microsoft Word Document i Microsoft Word Picture e Result Inserte a new Adobe Acrobat Document object k into Your document Select Use the Select command to select one or more annotation objects Click to select an annotation object Shift Click to select additional objects It is also possible in this mode to draw a rectangle to select all objects covered by the rectangle Click anywhere within the active image window that is not occupied by any annotation object to deselect all objects Select All Use the Select All command to select all annotation objects www micrometrics net 111 Micrometrics SE User s Manual Delete Use the Delete command to delete selected annotation objects Properties Use the Properties command to edit the properties of a selected object Move to Uppermost Use the Move to Uppermost
78. to be aligned The last image in Field Group should be the rightmost image of the row of images to be aligned There must be at least two valid images in Field Group In addition any two adjacent images must have at least 20 non overlapping areas and at least 32 overlapping columns of pixels The images are allowed to shift vertically but the shift has to be limited to 16 rows of pixels A new image window will be created to hold the output panorama image The output image copies the sampling intervals and magnification setting from the first input image from Field Group Www micrometrics net 51 Micrometrics SE User s Manual Due to the overlapping of the input images the number of columns of the output image would be less than those of input images summed Due to possible vertical shift of the input images the number of rows of the output image might also be less than that of an input image The cropping is automatic and transparent to users The example below illustrates the process The first three images are stitched to create the forth image Panorama Portrait Use the Panorama Portrait command to stitch a column of images The images to stitch should have been stored in Field Group and ordered correctly All images in Field Group participate in the operation These images must be identical in the numbers of columns and rows of pixels and the number of color channels The first image in Field Group should be the topm
79. ured after the last time it was saved Viewing an image in different ways measurement in progress not yet completed and annotating an image before the annotation objects are burned into images are not considered as modifying an image Wwww micrometrics net 26 Micrometrics SE User s Manual The Edit Menu Micrometrics SE maintains a processing history for each image The processing history is a chain of internal buffers holding the states of the image A new state of the image is automatically created and appended to the processing history after each operation that has modified that image Viewing an image in different ways measurement in progress not yet completed and annotating an image before the annotation objects are burned into images are not considered as modifying an image Undo Use the Undo command to reverse the most recent action that has modified the image The possible number of undo steps 1s the length of processing history Redo Use the Redo command to undo an Undo operation Copy to Clipboard Use the Copy to Clipboard command to convert a copy of the active image to Windows Bitmap format and place it on the clipboard Wwww micrometrics net 27 Micrometrics SE User s Manual The View Menu The commands in this group are used to customize the appearance of user interface elements images and computer screen Toolbars and Auxiliary Windows Use the Toolbars and Auxiliary Windows commands t
80. with Micrometrics SE are vector graphics In a broad sense both raster images and vector graphics are considered digital images or digital pictures Vector graphics are always converted to raster images for purpose of display a process known as digitization Micrometrics SE can also burn vector graphics into raster images This is the same as digitization but is irreversible The Layers For any image processing program that is more sophisticated than a simplest viewer there has to be some extra information attached to pixels For example sampling intervals and magnification settings are also recorded in an image of Micrometrics SE In fact even the pixels have to be organized into layers Each layer is either a raster image or a vector graphics object Layers may be combined in various ways to produce specific presentations of an image of Micrometrics SE The presentation itself is a simple raster image An image of Micrometrics SE has three layers The bottommost layer is the pixel array also called the pictorial layer The topmost layer is the overlay where the graphics generated by measurement operations and micrometer are placed In between is the mask layer This layer is used by advanced editions of Micrometrics to hold segmentation results In displaying an image its pictorial layer is drawn first The layers above pictorial layer are drawn later and may obscure the pictorial layer When Micrometrics SE is running there can be
81. xmap Format XPM O Metallograph ME Containing calibration and magnification information Note the native format sif preserves the most complete information for images acquired by Micrometrics SE including sampling interval and magnification settings The Metallograph format meg also contains such information However the other formats do not contain metrical information and cannot be measured Www micrometrics net 18 Micrometrics SE User s Manual in a physically meaningful manner When such a file is opened the sampling interval is assumed to be 1 micron and the magnification is assumed to be 100X Close Use the Close command to remove the active image window If the active image window is the only image window closing this window will cause Micrometrics SE to switch to Main Frame Menu To go back to Document Menu choose File gt New for Video Preview to create an empty image window or choose File gt Open to load an image file Save Use the Save command to store the active image onto disk in the native format If the active image has been previously saved in the native format sif this command will update the corresponding file quietly If the image has never been saved in the native format this command will act as File gt Save As Save As Use the Save As command to store the active image onto disk with a new file name or in a new format The native image format sif and Metallograph f

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