Manual - Laddomat
Contents
1. Electrical immersion heater Room sensor Exp Flow sensor vessel a By pass Radiator valve 1 Me n automatic _ Radiator pump By pass valve Electric heater Domestic water heater Storage tank The pipe to the bottom of the tank must not be routed through the roof aee a Exp vessel Connection suggestions Installation with open expansion vessel Boiler Safety line min D25 LADDOMAT 21 Level Radiator Expansion pipe Bottom connection of the expansion vessel gives reduced heat losses NOTE See information on page 5 about the expansion vessel Connecting a pressurised expansion vessel When connecting the expansion vessel always connect a pressure gauge gt Cs Boiler agp k Automatic vent d Tank Radiator Cold water fills the expansion vessel during firing less heat loss L Shut off draining for simplified checks of Laddomat 21 pre pressure Alternative installation with open expansion vessel evap ssdadicccsastecedscesssttcsosndtestcecapeccssencs EOE VEENI S EOE EID EE A Radia2. and in installations with long pipe runs and or fragile pipes the system will function best with a number 8719 thermostat which opens at 72 C Instructions for replacing the thermostat in the Laddomat 21 Check that the pump is switched off Close the three shut offs Unscrew the cover above the pump Remove the cover with the spring plunger and thermostat from the Laddomat 21 The thermostat is held in place on the plunger by an O ring Press the thermostat gently out of the plunger Push the new thermostat into the plunger Reinstall the cover with the spring plunger and thermo stat Open the shut off valves Wait a few minutes before starting the pump to allow any air to rise and escape from the system The installation is now ready for use Plunger Thermostat O ring
3. optimum operation pipe runs should be arranged so as to allow all air to escape from the system High points in the pipe runs should be avoided but if this is not possible they should be fitted with vents of the air gauge type NOTE Not automatic air vents There are substantial variations in the ability of different waters to hold air This air is released in the boiler when the water is heated Think of the amount of air bubbles which occur when heating water in a saucepan Starting and stopping the charging pump It is important to start the pump as soon as the firing starts to ensure that the boiler heats up rapidly Stopping the pump quickly when the fire has gone out will make the hot water self circulate from the top of the boiler to the storage tank Some boilers have integrated thermostats to control the pump Check that this control system operates correctly with the boiler NOTE Not included in delivery Flue thermostat If fitted water 0 thermostat to ill be connected in parallel 5 an Stove pipe Boiler Bulb Pump Laddomat Flue thermostat Part no 131001 Setting the pump speed The speed control for the circulation pump must be in position 3 Position 2 is only used for boilers that produce less than 25 kW Position 1 must not be used because the lower starting torque at this speed cannot guarantee a good start If higher or lower charging temperatures than the stan
4. the event of power cuts Pipe dimensions at a maximum boiler to tank distance of 3 m Boilers up to 35 kW min 28 cu pipe or R25 50 kW min 35 cu pipe or R32 80 kW min 42 cu pipe or R40 The dimensions must be increased for longer pipes If there are special requirements for self circulation the pipes must be dimensioned accordingly Connection The Laddomat 21 must always be connected in the upright position as shown in the diagrams Position Laddomat 21 close to the boiler and on the level of the boilers bottom outlet no higher than approximately 20 cm above the floor on which the boiler stands Pipe runs must be as short as possible and have the mini mum number of bends Make sure that all air pockets are eliminated The diameter of the pipe from the top of the boiler to the T pipe and down to the Laddomat 21 must be as large as possible This gives low water velocity and allows air released in the boiler to separate out in the expansion chamber or the vent The location of the filler serves two purposes Firstly in filling the system both the boiler and the tank are filled through the bottom connections to facilitate the venting of all air Secondly boiling can be prevented by adding cold water Connect a union coupling between the filler tap and the outlet to make future servicing easier Bleeding 9 out of 10 operating interruptions are due to air in the charging circuit preventing circulation For
5. Laddomat 21 Charging Unit Part No 11 23 78 User and installation instructions NOTE Diagrams in this brochure only describe connection principles Each installation must be measured and carried out according to the applicable regulations Manufacturer Termoventiler AB p Sweden www termoventiler se LM21_Manual_E indd 812082 E 061128 The Laddomat 21 is designed to allow the boiler to reach a high working temperature soon after firing to heat the cold tank water in the bottom of the boiler so that the boiler does not rust away through corrosion charge the tank with water at a high and even tempe rature and low flow to ensure optimal separation in the tank transfer the residual heat in the boiler to the tank after the fire has gone out in the event of a power cut stopping the pump transfer the heat in the boiler to the tank through self circulation Operation The Laddomat 21 functions fully automatically provided that pump start and stop is automated See page 4 The settings described in this User manual are normally made only once The Laddomat requires no special supervision or service Connection to top of boiler Ball valve F 1 1 4 IG Thermometer Integrated Filler cap thermal valve 354 Integrated pump Wilo RS25 6 3 eames 85S Thermometer Connection to bottom of boiler Connection to tank Ball valve 1 1 4 IG Y Dirtpoc
6. at O ring Connecting to a tank 1 The pipe runs shown on the diagram are optimised to reduce air related operating interruptions to a minimum 2 The hot water pipe to the by pass valve can be connected in two ways a Approx 30 cm from the top of the tank to prioritise domestic hot water b On the charge line con nection to the tank to prio ritise heating The connec tion is directed downwards to prevent air rising to the radiators The Laddomat 21 i ican easily be i treversed for right i ihand mounting 3 i rJust move the thermometers to ithe other side Connecting 2 3 tanks The tanks must be located up against each other and as close as possible to the boiler The pipe runs from the bottom of the tanks are always laid close to the floor It is important that the flow to the tanks during charging and discharging is distributed equally If the system is connected wrongly then charging will be cut off when tank number 1 is full of hot water which will reach the boiler before the other tanks are completely filled Tanks 2 and 3 will be virtually unused If the system is connected wrongly the warm water and the heat will run out earlier than estimated after the burner has stopped since tank 1 will cool down more quickly than the others If these requirements cannot be met there are other connection options Equal pipe lengths To achieve equal resistance it i
7. dard thermostat cartridge can provide are required one can easily change to a thermostat which opens at 63 72 78 83 or 87 C Service Before carrying out any servicing work close the three shut offs by setting the screwdriver slot on the valves at right angles to the direction of the pipe This makes it easy to access the pump thermal valve and check valve for service If operating interruptions still occur even though the sys tem has been bled there may be dirt such as lint tape or thread swarf stuck in the coupling Disassemble and clean Clean all sealing surfaces when reassembling 1 The thermal valve 2 The self circulation valve 3 The pump impeller In some installations there are problems with extremely high levels of contaminants These can form deposits inside the pump which may result in stoppages Stoppages can be avoided if the pump is disassembled and the rotor and pump housing are cleaned in accordance with the manufacturer s instructions Expansion vessel If stoppages due to air continue to occur despite the fact that the system has been installed in accordance with the instructions provided check that The expansion vessel is sufficiently large at least 5 of the total volume when the tank is open Operating pres sure must always be at least 2 metre water column 0 2 bar more than the height difference from the pressure gauge to the upper edge of the highest radiator If a pressure
8. ket Automatic valve Easy to clean for self circulation Prevents operating in event of a power cut interruptions Le 254 A The main parts of a wood burning set up Room sensor Plunger gt Hot water Exp Flow sensor Cover vessel amp f Cold water By pass Radiator a valve Le Mixer valve e gt 4 automatic a Radiator pump i Thermostat Safety valve i By pass valve cartridge Flue Ree thermostat Electric i heater i Domestic water heater Ne XL e Check valve washer f i gt i D Rouer Storage tank Tar 3 aE Ko Cover wa ay Holder Laddomat 21 j Spring Description of functions Starting the boiler To achieve a high level of efficiency and low emissions of unburned substances it is important that the boiler reaches working temperature quickly This is achieved by the circulation pump starting as firing starts This prevents cold water from the bottom of the tank cooling the boiler unnecessarily through self circulation The circulation pump can be started in three different ways see page 4 Firing has started in the illustration to the right The pump has started The thermostat cartidge has not started to open yet Start up The valve plate of the self circulating valve is kept cl
9. osed by the water pressure from the circulation pump Operating phase A The boiler has reached operating temperature The thermostat cartridge has opened and mixes in cold water from the tank The mixed water entering the bottom of the boiler has a temperature of about 5 20 C below the opening temperature of the thermostat cartridge The higher the output of the boiler and the higher the temperature of the water exiting the boiler the more cold d water is mixed in from the bottom of the tank This is the same characteristic that allows Laddomat 21 to separate effectively charging to the tank under all different operating conditions in different boilers Final phase Operating phase During the final phase of charging the by pass port in Laddomat 21 is completely closed to the top of the boiler All water is routed to the tank which becomes fully charged Self circulation when the burner has stopped If a flue thermostat or similar equipment is installed it will stop the pump immediately after the fire goes out The advantage of stopping the pump quickly after the fire goes out is that the cool return water from the radiator circuit tows into the bottom of the boiler through self Q circulation The stored heat in the boiler is then transferred to the top of the tank and the house then benefits from it 5 Stopping the pump when heating ceases either manually or automatically is importan
10. s essential to use approx imately the same pipe lengths to the tanks this is achieved by 1 Connecting the charging circuit diagonally A A 2 Connecting the radiator circuit diagonally B B In addition the dimension of the pipes between the tanks must be large enough to facilitate self circula tion between the tanks Alternatively locate the hot water heater in the centre It is an advantage if the tanks are connected together in the centre to further distribute the heat Connecting the by pass valve The hot water port is connected at B which prioriti ses hot water or at B1 which prioritises heating Electrical immersion heater ope ration When operating solely on the electrical immersion heater it is an advantage only to heat the first tank to prevent heat loss Shut off the other tanks using the valves at the bottom of each tank location for Hot Cold expansion ____ water water vessel l Pi Mixing l valve o i T pipe 114 or larger for best venting function Hot water Cold water Mixer valve e gt Safety valve Flue thermostat Boiler NOTE If the radiator is connected in this way there is a large risk of heat retention in the boiler and or reduced heat to the radiator circuit 1 1 Alternative L
11. t for one further reason The hot water in the tank will otherwise be mixed with cold SST radiator water down to the closing temperature of the thermostat cartridge If the tank is heated to 90 C and the thermostat cartridge closes at 75 the whole tank falls to this Final phase temperature if the pump is not switched off Self circulation in event of a power cut S If a power cut occurs during firing self circulation starts automatically through the easily opened check valve on the condition that the water in the tank is colder than the water in the boiler The self circulation power is created by the weight difference between lighter hot water and heavier cold water If the tank is completely heated all the way to the bottom self circulation will be limited and the boiler could still hit boiling point This boiling can be stopped by feeding a small quantity of cold water directly into the bottom of the boiler through the system filling tap In the event of a sustained power cut the whole house can be heated through self circulation if the pipe runs and dimensions are suitable The firing should be matched to the output which can be transferred to the storage tank through self circulation Self circulation Installation Dimensioning Generous pipe dimensions and short lengths guarantee operating reliability even when the demand for heat is high This also allows effective self circulation in
12. tor Storage tank Boiler Laddomat 21 On delivery the Laddomat 21 is fit ted with a number 1456 thermostat which opens at 78 C A number 8719 thermostat which opens at 72 C is included but not fitted The most common reason for operational stoppages when starting up new installations is that air bubbles prevent circulation at high temperatures In all new installations there are varying amounts of air trapped in the fresh water This air is released as the water is heated The warmer the water the more air is released The released air collects in large bubbles which can pre vent circulation if they reach the pump At lower temperatures the air is released more slowly and it can rise up and be vented away through the expansion vessel and vent if fitted Therefore a thermostat which opens at 72 C is also supplied Use this in installations that are having start up problems When all the water is free of air after being heated to a temperature of 85 95 C a number of times it is better to use the thermostat which opens at 78 C Higher charging temperatures give more stored heat With the 78 C thermostat the losses in the boiler when the fire goes out are lower as the link between the boiler and the tank is closed earlier than with the 72 C thermostat In the majority of installations the 78 C thermostat gives the best results With high output low water volume boi lers
13. vessel is installed this must be at least 10 20 of the total volume Each installation must be specially dimensioned in accordance with the manufacturer s instructions Check that the operating pressure where the installation is cold is never lower than the height difference between the pressure gauge and the highest radiator 2 meter water column mwc Example Height from centre of pressure gauge to upper edge of highest radiator 3 m Lowest operating pressure 3 2 mwc 5 mwc 0 5 bar Radiator system To make the maximum use of the storage tank it is very important that the radiator system is fitted with 1 Automatic by pass control 2 Thermostatic valves with integrated pressure reduc tion devices which are set to suit the radiator size Both measures are intended to reduce the flow and so reduce the return temperature Without raising the delivery temperature The lower the return temperature the longer the heat in the tank lasts Thermostat cartridge The thermostat cartridge is available as a spare part and may need to be replaced if it is regularly exposed to temperatures close to or above boiling point The number is engraved on the cartridge No Opening temperature 5839 63 C 8719 TXE 1456 78 C 1467 83 C 8222 87 C Technical data Pump Wilo RS25 6 3 Connections R32 3 pcs Opening temperature 63 72 78 83 or 87 C Kv value 14 Boiler output max 80 kW Plunger e Thermost
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