ECLIPSE - Stemmer Imaging
Contents
1. 1 0 32UN 25 0 18mm 25 0 18mm ry 2048 Lens Mount Detail h 14 5 FROM DIE SURFACE lt NDTE SENSOR WINDOW IS 0 4mm THICK 2 56 3x 5 0 DEEP position of pixel 1 forward 03 32 00418 05 DALSA Corp EC 11 User s Manual 21 Relative position of pixel 1 25 0 18mm 137 2x 25 0 18mm 32 2x 81 2x 137 i S TYP 7 DEEP 148 143 F Relative position of pixel 1 DALSA Corp 03 32 00418 05 22 EC 1 User s Manual 3 2 Optical Interface 03 32 00418 05 The cameras come with a built in C mount lens adapter for the 512 and 1024 models A built in F mount adapter is provided on the 2048 model Both adapters have the appropriate back focal distance for the lens types being used Ensure that the image circle diameter of the lens to be used is as great as the length of the imaging region of the image sensor Illumination The amount and wavelengths of light required to capture useful images depend on the particular application Factors include the nature speed and spectral characteristics of objects being imaged exposure times light source characteristics environmental and acquisition system specifics and more DALSA s current Databook provides an introduction to this potentially complicate2. Introduction 5 EI amera Riahigti s ana 5 lZ image eNOS oea 6 1 3 Camera Performance Specifications mence 7 1 4 CCD Gomera Prrimmetcss ssssscccssssccccecscszzssasuusececccssssssssssssacesscecesssssssssssszssessececssssasssdsidisccccoecoecssszssssddtutsacsesetecosssessssssaec 9 Camera Hardware Interface 11 2 1 Installation Overview ssessscscsssssesscsscssssssssssscssssesscescsssscesesessssssesesescssssssssessssssssessssssusseseesssssesesssssssssesssssessssssesssens 11 2 Vinp t Q0tp t sssi nE NNN NR 2 3 Connectors Pinouts and Cables 2 4 Power Supplies ssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssessesesesessssessesseessssessesesesseseeeseeesessssessesssssseesseese DS Combrol Inputs ssccsescccsscsssssssssssssssssssseesdsstosssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssss lass sss 13 De DOUG BUS 2 7 Timing 2 8 Multi Camera Operation 2 9 Serial Interface ssssssssssccccsssscccsssssssssssssssssssscccssssssssssssssssssssscscesessussssnssssssseceecesssstsssssnsssssesceccesssuuussssssssesseseeseeses 7 Optical and Mechanical Considerations 19 3 1 Mechanical Interface sesessccssssssssscsscsssssessssccssssessssscssusccssssssscsecesssssssesscesssssssessesessssuessssssssssesssessssnssessessssssseseesssens 19 FeO MENTE oo AEN OO 22 Troubleshooting 25 4 1 Common Solutions ssssssssssssssssssssssssssssccsssssssssssssssssssssssssesccccessssssssssssss
3. The command verify_voltage checks the camera s input voltage and internal voltages during power up If they are within the proper range the camera returns OK gt Otherwise the camera returns an error message Note that the voltage measurement feature of the camera provides only approximate results typically within 10 They should not be used to set the applied voltage to the camera The purpose of this test is to isolate gross problems with the supply voltages C14 Rebooting the Camera The command reset_camera reboots the camera The camera starts up with the last saved settings Previously saved pixel coefficients are also restored C15 Setting the Pre trigger The command set_pretrigger sets the pre trigger to a specified integer value in the range of 0 to 15 A pre trigger may be required for some frame grabbers C16 Setting and Reading FPN Coefficients The command set_fpn_coeff integer integer sets the FPN coefficient The first integer is the pixel number the second integer is a specified value within a range see table Number of Value 1 pixel Value 2 FPN coeff Pixels 512 0 to 511 0 to 511 1024 0 to 1023 0 to 511 DALSA Corp 03 32 00418 05 46 EC 1 User s Manual Number of Value 1 pixel Value 2 FPN coeff Pixels 2048 0 to 2047 0 to 511 The command get_fpn_coeff integer where integer is the pixel number reads the FPN coefficient C17 Setting and Reading PRNU Coefficients 03 32 00418 05 The
4. temperature 18 measurement 42 test patterns generating 41 troubleshooting 24 V video correction activating 40 deactivating 40 voltage measurement 42 W white light calibration 39 DALSA Corp
5. 15 The test pattern is a ramp from 0 to 255DN then starts at 0 again Use the test pattern to verify the proper timing and connections between the camera and the frame grabber H The end of line sequence outputs aa 55 line counter line average pixels above threshold pixels below threshold 2 7 Timing Figure 3 EC 11 xxx40 Timing LVAL g Tivar s s T strope g STROBE gt T Data Table 2 Timing Definition Symbol Parameter Unit Min Nom Max TLVAL Strobe to LVAL ns 12 15 18 TDATA Strobe to Data ns 5 10 20 TSTROBE Strobe period ns 25 25 100 Notes Tya and T ara measured at 40MHz DALSA Corp 03 32 00418 05 EC 1 User s Manual 2 8 Multi Camera Operation 03 32 00418 05 Multisync is used to connect two or more cameras to the frame grabber and receive all of the camera s output synchronously The camera switches to multisync mode when both EXSYNC and EXRCLK are applied You may need to compensate for cable lengths and nominal delays Multi Camera Sync If your frame grabber is capable of receiving 16 or more bits you can connect two or more cameras to the frame grabber and receive all of the cameras output synchronously to image a wider web However since most frame grabbers accept only one set of clocking signals you must synchronize the outputs by configuring your system to meet these requirements 1 All cameras must recei
6. EC 11 User s Manual Cod 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 D7 Commands Command calibrate_analog_gain cag calibrate_analog_offset cao correction_calibrate_fpn ccf correction_calibrate_prnu ccp display_pixel_coeffs dpc endof_line_sequence els get_camera_model get_camera_parameters gcp DALSA Corp 49 Description One or more of the supply voltages is out of specification The camera temperature is outside the specified operating range The camera memory check failed Please report this error code to DALSA Inc User input under over limit Setting set to high low limit Camera setting is under over specification limits FPGA communication error Missing external or internal SYNC EEROM memory Read Write error Video level out of range FRN PRNU calibration cancelled Calculated FPN PRNU coefficients out of range Calibration may be out of specification Reserved General calibration failure Short Form Parameters Description Value Calibrates the analog gain Values range from 128 to 250DN This command requires a constant light input and only works in uncalibrated mode Value Calibrates the analog offset Values range from 1 to 100DN This command only works in uncalibrated mode Start FPN coefficient calibration Start PRNU coefficient calibration Optional value Optional value Display the pixel coefficients in the order PRNU FPN PRNU FPN for both direct
7. between 200 and 220DN for optimum calibrated PRNU performance 3 Instruct the camera to perform a white light calibration using the command correction_calibrate_prnu The camera will respond with OK gt if no error occurs 4 Repeat the first three steps for forward and reverse directions if required 5 After the calibration is complete you can save these settings to non volatile memory so they will be remembered after power down To do so issue the command write_pixel_coeffs If pixel coefficients FPN or PRNU exceed the maximum limit 511 they will be clipped and a warning will be sent If an error occurs adjust the light intensity into the correct range for calibration The get_line command will help to determine how much to increment or decrement the light intensity Or change the gain value using the set_gain command To perform a white light calibration with an analog gain value Use the correction_calibrate_prnu value command Where value is the analog gain DN This command sets the analog gain first to value before calculating the PRNU coefficients range from 128 to 250 Use this command in calibrated mode only If value is left blank current gain values are used Returning Calibration Results and Errors After calibration you can retrieve the results using the command display_pixel_coeffs This function returns all the pixel coefficients in the order PRNU FPN PRNU FPN The command get_camera_parameters return
8. command set_prnu_coeff integer integer sets the PRNU coefficient The first integer is the pixel number the second integer is a specified value within a range see table Number of Value 1 pixel Value 2 PRNU coeff Pixels 512 0 to 511 0 to 511 1024 0 to 1023 0 to 511 2048 0 to 2047 0 to 511 The command get_prnu_coeff integer where integer is the pixel number reads the PRNU coefficient DALSA Corp EC 11 User s Manual 47 Communications Protocol D1 Protocol Overview This protocol defines the method used to control the camera via an RS232 serial interface The communication protocol defines the command format used and error messages provided Note This document is preliminary Additional commands and functionality will continue to be implemented Backward compatibility is planned for future cameras D2 Protocol Features e ASCTII based Camera Serial Port Defaults e 8 data bits 1 stop bit No parity No flow control 9 6Kbps Camera does not echo characters D3 Command Format There are two methods for entering the commands In long form each command is written in its entirety In short form only a predefined abbreviation is required Table 4 Command Format Short Form command_short_form parameters CR Long Form command_long_form parameters CR When entering commands remember that e Carriage return CR Ends each command The linefeed character is ignored e All values are assumed to
9. further information not included in this manual or for information on DALSA s extensive line of image sensing products please call DALSA Sales Offices Waterloo Europe Asia Pacific 605 McMurray Rd Breslauer Str 34 Space G1 Building 4F Waterloo ON N2V 2E9 D 82194 Gr benzell Munich 2 40 2 Ikebukuro Canada Germany Toshima ku Tokyo 171 0014 Tel 519 886 6000 Tel 49 8142 46770 Japan Fax 519 886 8023 Fax 49 8142 467746 81 3 5960 6353 phone www dalsa com www dalsa com 81 3 5960 6354 fax sales americas dalsa com sales europe dalsa com www dalsa com sales asia dalsa com DALSA Worldwide Operations Waterloo Colorado Springs Europe Asia Pacific 605 McMurray Rd 4820 Centennial Blvd Suite 115 Breslauer Str 34 Space G1 Building 4F Waterloo ON N2V 2E9 Colorado Springs CO 80919 D 82194 Gr benzell Munich 2 40 2 Ikebukuro Canada USA Germany Toshima ku Tokyo 171 0014 Tel 519 886 6000 Tel 719 599 7700 Tel 49 8142 46770 Japan Fax 519 886 8023 Fax 719 599 7775 Fax 49 8142 467746 81 3 5960 6353 phone www dalsa com www dalsa com www dalsa com 81 3 5960 6354 fax sales americas dalsa com sales americas dalsa com sales europe dalsa com www dalsa com sales asia dalsa com Camera Link is a trademark registered by the Automated Imaging Association as chair of a committee of industry members including DALSA 03 32 00418 05 DALSA Corp EC 11 User s Manual DALSA Corp Contents
10. generate an end of line sequence The end of line sequence outputs aa 55 line counter line average pixels above threshold pixels below threshold To activate the end of line sequence use the command endof_line_sequence 1 To disable the end of line sequence use the command endof_line_ sequence 0 Use the set__upper_threshold and set_lower_threshold commands to set threshold values between 0 and 255 C12 Returning Video Information The camera s microcontroller has the ability to read Vp This functionality can be used to verify camera operation and to perform basic testing without having to connect the camera to a frame grabber 03 32 00418 05 DALSA Corp EC 11 User s Manual 45 This video information can be sampled through the serial port by issuing the following command get_line This command returns a complete line of video without digital processing or test pattern displaying one pixel value after another It also displays the minimum maximum and mean value of the line sampled Use this command to ensure the proper video input range into the processing chain before executing any pixel calibration commands C13 Monitoring the Camera Temperature Measurement The temperature of the camera can be determined by using the verify_temperature command This command will return the temperature inside the cover in degrees Celsius For proper operation this value should not exceed 75 C Voltage Measurement
11. gt a Q Po CAT3 Cable Typical Data Rate vs Cable Length m National DS90C031 T Q 10 1 1 2 3 5 10 Cable Length m 03 32 00418 05 34 EC 1 User s Manual 03 32 00418 05 DALSA Corp EC 11 User s Manual 35 APPENDIX B EMC Declaration of Conformity We DALSA Corp 605 McMurray Rd Waterloo ON CANADA N2V 2E9 declare under sole responsibility that the product s EC 11 xxx40 fulfill s the requirements of the standard s EMC FCC Part 15 ICES 003 EN 55022 1998 EN 55024 1998 EN 61000 6 1 2001 This product complies with the requirements of the Low Voltage Directive 73 23 EEC and the EMC Directive 89 336 EEC and carries the CE mark accordingly Place of Issue Waterloo ON CANADA Date of Issue 08 March 2005 Name and Signature Hank Helmond of authorized person Quality Manager DALSA Corp A E A Z Ay rs A y This Declaration corresponds to EN 45 014 DALSA Corp 03 32 00418 05 36 EC 1 User s Manual 03 32 00418 05 DALSA Corp EC 11 User s Manual 37 Software Interface How to Control the Camera Cl Overview a All Eclipse camera features can be controlled through the serial interface The camera can also be used without the serial interface after it has been set up correctly Functions ao available include See the Communications Protocol for the e Controlling basic camera functions such as gain and sync signal source complete syntax and command refer
12. s factory settings FPN and PRNU coefficients reset to 0 Restore the camera s last saved user settings and FPN and PRNU coefficients Set the analog offset Offset values range from 0 to 1023 Offset increases with higher values Value 1 enables 2x binning Value 0 disables binning Value 1 enables 2x binning Value 0 disable binning Set the readout direction and updates direction dependent parameters except when external input used 0 Forward 1 Reverse 2 External input Subtracts the input value from the video signal prior to the PRNU correction Values range from 0 to 511 Use in calibrated mode only Set the FPN coefficient The DALSA Corp EC 11 User s Manual DALSA Corp Command set_gain set_lower_threshold set_pretrigger set_prnu_coefficient set_rclk_select set_subtract_background set_sync_counter set_sync_frequency set_sync_mode set_system_gain Short Form 58 slt Sp spc srs ssb SSC ssf ssm ssg Parameters Value Value Value Value Value Value Value Value Value Value Value 51 Description first value is the pixel number within the following range 512 pixels range 0 to 511 1024 pixels range 0 to 1023 2048 pixels range 0 to 2047 The second value is a specified value within the range 0 to 511 Set the analog gain in forward and reverse direction Gain value is specified from 8 5 to 9 5 A gain value of 0
13. ECLIPSE EC 11 xxx40 Advanced Line Scan Cameras Camera User s Manual 03 32 00418 OATSA F technology with vision Printed 4 20 2005 9 26 00 AM 2 EC 1 User s Manual 2005 DALSA All information provided in this manual is believed to be accurate and reliable No responsibility is assumed by DALSA for its use DALSA reserves the right to make changes to this information without notice Reproduction of this manual in whole or in part by any means is prohibited without prior permission having been obtained from DALSA About DALSA DALSA is an international high performance semiconductor and electronics company that designs develops manufactures and markets digital imaging products and solutions in addition to providing wafer foundry services DALSA s core competencies are in specialized integrated circuit and electronics technology and highly engineered semiconductor wafer processing Products include image sensor components electronic digital cameras and semiconductor wafer foundry services for use in MEMS power semiconductors image sensors and mixed signal CMOS chips DALSA is a public company listed on the Toronto Stock Exchange under the symbol DSA Based in Waterloo ON Canada the company has operations in Bromont PQ Colorado Springs CO Eindhoven NL Munich Germany and Tokyo Japan All DALSA products are manufactured using the latest state of the art equipment to ensure product reliability For
14. TROBE LVAL e Ye N R232 port 5 Power connect You must also set up the other components of your system including light sources frame grabbers camera mounts heat sinks host computers optics encoders and so on 8 BIT Data STROBE W LVAL Q EXSYNC optional lt EXRCLK optional lt FORWARD optional SEE RS232 Serial nfe 12V to 15V and Ground DALSA Corp 03 32 00418 05 12 EC 1 User s Manual 2 1 Input Output WARNING It is extremely important that you apply the appropriate voltages to your camera Incorrect voltages will damage the camera See section 2 4 for more details 2 3 Connectors Pinouts and Cables The camera uses a high density 36 pin MDR36 connector for control and data signals a 6 pin Hirose connector for power and a DB9 connector for serial communications MDR36 Female Hirose 6 pin Circular Male DB9 Female 6 5 e 2 5 9 eeee 6 3 D 3 straight through Mating Part 3M 10136 6000EC series nere AEH a 9 pin serial cable Cable 26AWG 100 Wshielded twisted pair Description Description Description Description N U 19 N U 12V to 15V Data Carrier Detect N U 2 N U 20 N U 2 12V to 15V 2 Transmitted Data 3 Future Use 21 Future Use 3 12V to 15V 3 Received Data 4 Future Use 22 Future Use 4 GND 4 Data Terminal Ready N U 5 EXRCLK 23 EXRCLKB 5 GND 5 GND 6 FORWARD 24 FORWARDB 6 GND 6 Data Set Ready N U 7 EXSYNC 25 EXSYNCB 7 Ready To Sen
15. YNCB EIA 644 is LOW Figure 6 shows the relationship 03 32 00418 05 EC 1 User s Manual DIG 5V A _ 100N Vv DGND UNUSED INPUT 32 Figure 6 EIA 644 Example User s System Camera EIA 644 Tk DOMAIN Lani DOMAIN DOMAIN 4 DIG 5V aa Hee 5V EXSYNC TWISTED PAIR EXSYNC EXSYNC gt TORS 2 gt t EXSYNC EXSYNCB EXSYNCB gt joor anne gt 100R P UNUSED INPUT 100N gt Y T E UNUSED INPUT 10uf a be ore Fo DGND Y penp eee e g DS90C031 e g DS90C032 Signal Polarities EXSYNC TTL DOMAIN EXSYNC EIA 644 DOMAIN EXSYNCB EIA 644 DOMAIN Unused EIA 644 Inputs and Outputs Unused outputs should be left unconnected This will reduce power dissipation within the camera and reduce radiated emissions Unused inputs should also be left unconnected EIA 644 chips have fail safe features that guarantee a known logic state HIGH in fault conditions unconnected shorted or unterminated Do not connect cables to unused inputs Cables can act as antennae and cause erratic camera behavior Cable Lengths Figure 7 shows a graph of ideal communication data rate vs cable length for the E A 644 standard 03 32 00418 05 DALSA Corp EC 11 User s Manual DALSA Corp 33 Figure 7 EIA 644 Data Rate vs Cable Length 1000 20 Jitter Measured at OV Differential 20 Jitter Measured at 0100mV Differential 100
16. acquisition system Applications The EC 11 is ideal for space constrained applications demanding low light or cost effective lighting 1 2 Image Sensors 03 32 00418 05 The EC 11 xxx40 uses the IT F7 family of image sensors and is available in 512 1024 and 2048 pixel models with 13m square pixels and 100 fill factor DALSA Corp EC 11 User s Manual Figure 1 IT F7 Image Sensor CR2B 2R CR1B 2R CRLast R CRIS 1R CR2S 1R CRIB 1 CR2B 1 hte J D Reverse CCD Readout Shift Register gt I 1 25 Isolation Rows TCKI an aif Z maging Region cz asiz Tlie aun Prek glz ci3 ala 96 TDI Rows ala Cl4 TOKE 1 5 Isolation Rows VDDF vivid vywvyw w y wy l r 4 Forward CCD Readout Shift Register l il inte VBB CR2S 1F CRIS 1F CRLast F CR2B 2F CRIB 2F OS1F VssF_ VODF VSETF CR2B 1F CR1B 1F 4 Light Shielded Columns Dark Reference 41 4 Isolation Columns 2 5 light shielded 1 5 non shielded _ 9 Dummy Pixels amp 1 White Reference N 512 1024 or 2048 3C f Specificati 1 3 Camera Performance Specifications Table 1 EC 11 xxx40 Performance Specifications Physical Characteristics Units Notes Power Dissipation W Typ 512 5 1024 52 2048 5 4 Time to calibrate sec Typ 512 10 1024 17 2048 30 Time to power up typ sec gt 10 Forward R
17. amera is not receiving spurious inputs e g EXSYNC or EXCLK if camera is in external mode Line Dropout Bright Lines or Incorrect Line Rate Verify that the frequency of the internal sync is set correctly or when the camera is set to external sync that the EXSYNC signal supplied to the camera does not exceed the camera s maximum specified line rate e Noisy Output Check your power supply voltage outputs for noise Noise present on these lines can result in poor video quality Low quality or non twisted pair cable can also add noise to the video output 03 32 00418 05 28 03 32 00418 05 EC 1 User s Manual Dark Patches If dark patches appear in your output the optics path may have become contaminated Clean your lenses and sensor windows with extreme care 1 Take standard ESD precautions Wear latex gloves or finger cots Blow off dust using a filtered blow bottle or dry filtered compressed air e YY N Fold a piece of optical lens cleaning tissue approx 3 x 5 to make a square pad that is approximately one finger width 5 Moisten the pad on one edge with 2 3 drops of clean solvent either alcohol or acetone Do not saturate the entire pad with solvent 6 Wipe across the length of the window in one direction with the moistened end first followed by the rest of the pad The dry part of the pad should follow the moistened end The goal is to prevent solvent from evaporating from the window surface as th
18. ay need to call DALSA Technical Sales Support North America Europe Asia Voice 519 886 6000 49 8142 46770 519 886 6000 Fax 519 886 8023 49 8142 467746 519 886 8023 DALSA Corp EC 11 User s Manual DALSA Corp 31 EIA 644 Reference EIA 644 is an electrical specification for the transmission of digital data The standard is available from the EIA Electronic Industries Association It defines voltage levels expected transmission speeds over various cable lengths common mode voltage operating requirements for transmitters and receivers and input impedances and sensitivities for receivers The table below gives a quick comparison between EJA 644 and RS422 another differential standard Table 3 RS422 vs ElA 644 Parameter RS422 EIA 644 Differential Driver Output Voltage 2 5V 250 450mV Receiver Input Threshold 200mV 100mV Data Rate lt 30Mbps gt 400Mbps Supply Current Quad Driver no load static 60mA 3 0mA Prop Delay of Driver max 11ns 3ns Prop Delay of Receiver max 30ns 5ns Supply Current Quad Receiver no load static 23mA 10mA based on National Semiconductor DS90C031 2 The standard requires that two wires e g twisted pair be used to transmit one signal in a differential mode This means that one wire will be logic HIGH while the other wire is logic LOW Voltage swing between HIGH and LOW is approximately 350mV with a typical offset of approximately 1 25V The use of differential signal tran
19. be in decimal e Values in square brackets are optional e Command terms uniquely specify each command e The camera will answer each command with either OK gt or Error x Error Message gt The gt is always the last character sent by the camera DALSA Corp 03 32 00418 05 48 EC 1 User s Manual D4 Networking Mode e Not available at time of shipment To be included in a later release D5 Examples Example To set the gain to 3 5 Short Form set_gain 3 5 CR Long Form sg 3 5 CR Example To return the camera model number Short Form get_camera_model CR Long Form gcm CR Example to begin a camera calibration dark e correction Short Form correction _calibrate_fpn CR or correction_calibrate_fpn value CR Long Form ccf CR or ccf value CR D6 Error Handling e The camera will send gt to an empty message i e just a CR e All non query functions return OK gt unless an error occurs e If an error occurs the function returns Error x Description gt where x is an error code e Error codes include Cod Description OK Internal camera error Please report this error code to DALSA Corp Camera configuration error Verify camera settings Oo NR oog Invalid command Command parameters invalid Command parameters incorrect or out of range General timeout error N QD GFF A Unable to program internal FPGAs Please report this error code to DALSA Inc 03 32 00418 05 DALSA Corp
20. ck EXRCLK must be supplied The internal command set_syne_frequency is disabled when EXRCLK has been selected The command set_sync_counter can be used to set line rate internally Optimizing Offset Performance To set the analog offset of the camera use the command set_analog_offset Offset values range from 0 to 1023 The offset increases with higher values The resulting analog offset value depends on other camera parameters such as temperature line rate and gain The offset for the forward and reverse direction and for calibrated and uncalibrated video is set and saved separately To subtract the offset or any other background from the output video signal use the set_subtract_background command Subtracted values range from 0 to 511 The values for the forward and reverse direction are set and saved separately Note when subtracting a digital value from the digital video signal the output can no longer reach its maximum Use the system gain function to correct for this To subtract the offset from the video signal in the calibrated mode only prior to the PRNU correction use the set_digital_offset command Subtracted values range from 0 to 511 The values for the forward and reverse direction are set and saved separately Calibrating Offset To calibrate the analog offset use the calibrate_analog_offset command Values range from 0 to 100DN This command sets offset in uncalibrated mode C8 Setting Gains 03 32 00418 05 To s
21. clocked faster than the camera s specified maximum line rate Notes on Free Run Mode When the camera is powered on for the first time it defaults no external input required to free run mode maximum data rate forward direction maximum line rate and internal Sync to trigger readout Subsequently it will load user settings FORWARD FORWARD is an optional input signal supporting bidirectional camera functionality Logic high for forward direction Logic low for reverse Eclipse defaults to logic high forward 2 6 Data Bus See section 2 3 for pinouts 03 32 00418 05 These signals indicate when data is valid allowing you to clock the data from the camera to your acquisition system Clocking Signal Indicates LVAL high Outputting valid line STROBE rising edge Valid data IMPORTANT This camera s data should be sampled on the rising edge of STROBE Digital Data The camera digitizes to 10 bit ADCs and outputs the most significant 8 bits in LVDS format To clock digital data into a frame grabber the camera outputs clocking signals STROBE and LVAL The camera digitizes internally to 10 bits and outputs the most significant 8 bits in LVDS format on a MDR36F connector Test Pattern Pixels and End of line Sequence To facilitate system level debugging and verification of data path integrity the camera can generate both a test pattern and an end of line sequence DALSA Corp EC 11 User s Manual
22. d N U 8 Future Use 26 Future Use 8 Clear To Send N U 9 D7 27 D7B 9 Ring Indicator N U 10 D6 28 D6B II DS 29 D5B 12 D4 30 D4B 13 D3 31 D3B 14 D2 32 D2B 15 DI 33 DIB 16 DO 34 DOB 17 STROBE 35 STROBEB 18 LVAL 36 LVALB 03 32 00418 05 DALSA Corp EC 11 User s Manual 13 2 4 Power Supplies The camera requires a single input 12V to 15V The camera meets all performance specifications using standard switching power supplies although well regulated linear supplies provide optimum performance See the Performance Specifications for current requirements When setting up the camera s power supplies follow these guidelines e Protect the camera with a fast blow fuse between power supply and camera e Do not use the shield on a multi conductor cable for ground e Keep leads as short as possible to reduce voltage drop See section 1 3 for power requirements WARNING It is extremely important that you apply the appropriate voltages to your camera Incorrect voltages will damage the camera Protect the camera with a fast blow fuse between power supply and camera The companies listed below make power supplies that meet the camera s requirements but they should not be considered the only choices Many high quality supplies are available from other vendors DALSA assumes no responsibility for the use of these supplies e Uniforce 408 946 3864 CA USA Power One 805 987 8741 CA USA e Vision 1 406 585 7225 MT USA T
23. d issue See Radiometry and Photo Responsivity and Sensitivities in Photometric Units in the CCD Technology Primer chapter It is often more important to consider exposure than illumination The total amount of energy which is related to the total number of photons reaching the sensor is more important than the rate at which it arrives For example 5pJ cm can be achieved by exposing 5mW cm for 1ms just the same as exposing an intensity of 5W cm for Ips Light Sources Keep these guidelines in mind when setting up your light source e LED light sources are relatively inexpensive provide a uniform field and longer lifespan compared to other light sources However they also require a camera with excellent sensitivity such as DALSA s Eclipse camera e Halogen light sources generally provide very little blue relative to IR e Fiber optic light distribution systems generally transmit very little blue relative to IR e Some light sources age over their lifespan they produce less light This aging may not be uniform a light source may produce progressively less light in some areas of the spectrum but not others Filters CCD cameras are extremely responsive to infrared IR wavelengths of light To prevent infrared from distorting the images you scan use a hot mirror or IR cutoff filter that transmits visible wavelengths but does not transmit wavelengths over 750nm Examples are the Schneider Optics B W 489
24. e below threshold and test patterns for debugging For quick help the camera can return all available commands and parameters through the serial interface DALSA Corp 03 32 00418 05 18 EC 1 User s Manual 03 32 00418 05 DALSA Corp EC 11 User s Manual 19 Optical and Mechanical Considerations 3 1 Mechanical Interface The camera s electronics are housed in a ruggedized lightweight aluminum case See Figure 4 Mounting The camera can be mounted using the M3 holes metric threaded on its base or top IMPORTANT The mounting of the camera is critical Improper mounting may affect alignment All sensor measurements are based on alignment with the front plate of the camera Refer to Figure 3 Mechanical Interface Environment The camera and cables should be shielded from environmental noise sources for best operation The camera should also be kept as cool as possible Specified operating temperature is 0 50 C Mounting holes see above allow you to attach heat sinking Periscope Configuration To give users more mechanical flexibility this camera is available in a periscope configuration that reduces the z axis space required to mount the camera allowing you to regain up to several inches of working space by channeling the camera body and cabling perpendicular to the optical axis DALSA Corp 03 32 00418 05 20 EC 1 User s Manual Figure 4 Mechanical Interface Relative position of pixel 1 forward
25. ectrol Inc 416 630 4026 ON CAN e Xantrex 206 671 2966 WA USA 2 5 Control Inputs The camera accepts control inputs through an MDR36F connector All inputs are optional The camera ships in default logic HIGH The camera defaults no external input required to maximum data rate forward direction maximum line rate and internal sync to trigger readout Line rate can be set internally using the RS232 interface External control signals EXSYNC EXRCLK and FORWARD are optional and enabled through the RS232 interface Control signals use EIA 644 LVDS format which requires twisted pair cable DALSA recommends shielded cables Maximum cable length depends on environmental factors and EIA 644 limitations See Appendix A Control signals are differential requiring complements denoted with a B suffix e g BIN BINB DALSA Corp 03 32 00418 05 IMPORTANT This camera uses the falling edge of EXSYNC to trigger line readout unlike previous DALSA cameras which used the rising edge EC 1 User s Manual EXRCLK EXRCLK is an optional input signal used to control readout timing EXRCLK is applied to the read portion of a FIFO and directly drives STROBE and LVAL EXRCLK is required for multisync operations EXSYNC Triggers Line Readout EXSYNC is an optional input signal that can be used to trigger the line readout rate This camera uses the falling edge of EXSYNC to trigger line readout Note EXSYNC must not be
26. ence including command e Measuring temperature and supply voltages shortcuts for the camera s serial interface e Camera calibration e Capturing video e Generating a test pattern for debugging The serial interface uses a simple ASCII based protocol and the camera does not require any custom software The complete protocol is described in the Communications Protocol For quick help the camera can return all available commands and parameters through the serial interface To generate this list send the command help to the camera Serial Protocol Defaults e 8 data bits e 1 stop bit e No parity e No flow control e 9 6Kbps e Camera does not echo characters C2 Processing Chain The figure below is a simplified block diagram of the camera s processing chain The analog processing chain contains two elements a gain stage and an offset stage The digital processing chain contains the FPN correction PRNU correction background subtract and a system gain stage The command set detailed in the Communications Protocol allows the user to set and change all the elements of the processing chain separately for the forward and reverse direction This enables maximum processing flexibility and optimized forward reverse matching depending on the user requirements DALSA Corp 03 32 00418 05 38 EC 11User s Manual In addition the two elements of the analog processing chain can be adjusted separately in calibrated and uncalibra
27. et the analog gain portion of the camera in forward and reverse direction use the set_gain command and specify the gain setting A gain value of 0 sets the camera to its nominal gain OdB The specified gain value range is from 8 5 to 9 5 To set the digital gain following a background subtraction use the set_system_gain command and specify the gain setting The gain ranges are 0 to 511 equal to a gain from 1 to 1 999 DALSA Corp EC 11 User s Manual 4 Note Parameters need to be specified for both forward and reverse direction in calibrated and uncalibrated modes Calibrating Gains To calibrate the analog gain use the calibrate_analog_gain command Values range from 128 to 250DN and this function requires constant light input while executing This command sets gain in uncalibrated mode C9 Calibrating the Camera Overview DALSA Corp This camera has the ability to calibrate itself in order to improve the FPN and PRNU performance This video correction operates on a pixel by pixel basis and implements a two point correction for each pixel This correction can reduce or eliminate image distortion caused by the following factors e Fixed Pattern Noise FPN e Photo Response Non Uniformity PRNU e Lens and light source non uniformity The two point correction is implemented such that for each pixel Vapa Vipu FPN pixel PRNU pixel where Voutput digital output pixel value Vinput digital input pixel val
28. everse Switching Time ms 150 typ Sensor Alignment x y mm 0 18 z axis mm 17 52 0 18 C mount mm 46 50 0 18 F mount Oz s 0 6 Parallelism Tilt kD lt 100 Operating Ranges Units Min Max Notes Data Rate MHz 10 40 3 Line Rate 512 kHz 3 5 64 1 1024 kHz 3 5 34 8 2048 kHz 3 5 17 4 DALSA Corp 03 32 00418 05 OSIR 03 32 00418 05 Operating Ranges Temperature Temperature drift before recalibration recommendation RS232 Data Rate Photoresponse Variation across field of view combining light source variation and lens vignetting Electro Optic Specifications Average Broadband Responsivity typ Dynamic Range Minimum Gain OdB Gain Maximum Gain Pk Pk Noise max RMS Noise max FPN uncorrected max FPN corrected max PRNU uncorrected max PRNU corrected max DC Offset max Power Supply Current Vin 12V 512 1024 2048 Notes Units KE C kbps DN Units DN oJ cm2 Ratio zZz a Zz A zZ T a I Bee c I Z Z Min 9 6 onl y Min 730 272 174 63 1 DN Digital Numbers 0 255 also known as gray levels Max 50 10 128 7 bits Typ 1950 500 1 350 1 120 1 14 15 23 420 430 450 EC 1 User s Manual Notes 2 Max Notes 5850 1 24 1 3 8 1 46 1 10 1 4 54 1 12 1 4 T 1 5 1 480 500 540 1 Min Typ and Max are maximum values at the minimum 0dB and maximum gain levels Tungsten halogen light source 3200K bulb temp a
29. ge has often been compared to wells or buckets filling with water From this analogy comes the term full well capacity meaning the maximum charge number of electrons a pixel well can hold without spilling charge onto adjacent pixels Photons Full well capacity CCD pixel bucket Collected charge As an image sweeps over a line of pixels the pixels collect charge At certain intervals the sensor transfers its collected charge to one or more readout registers which feed each pixel s charge from the image sensor into an output node that converts the charges into voltages DALSA Corp 03 32 00418 05 10 03 32 00418 05 EC 1 User s Manual After this transfer and conversion the voltages are amplified to become i i the camera s analog output In digital output cameras the camera s analog to digital A D board Photoelements t vd i Charge converts voltages to becomes KAR Voltage digital numbers 0 k 255 for 8 bit Readout Register cameras 0 4095 for 12 bit cameras These digital numbers are what the camera outputs as data to a frame grabber For more information on terms and concepts from the digital imaging industry see DALSA s current Databook Glossary CCD Technology Primer and Application Notes DALSA Corp EC 11 User s Manual 11 Camera Hardware Interface 2 1 Installation Overview In order to set up your camera you should take these steps 1 Data S
30. gs use the command commands have short restore_factory_settings The FPN and PRNU coefficients are reset to 0 orms See the Communications Protocol To save all current user settings to EEROM use the command for the complete syntax write_user_settings The camera will automatically restore the saved user settings and command reference when powered up 03 32 00418 05 DALSA Corp EC 11 User s Manual 39 To save all current pixel coefficients to EEROM use the command write_pixel_coeffs To restore the last saved user settings and the FPN and PRNU coefficients use the command restore_user_settings C5 Setting Direction The camera s readout direction can be set to forward reverse or external input forward To set the direction internal forward use the command set_ced_direction 0 To set the direction internal reverse use the command set_ced_direction 1 To set the direction external forward reverse use the command set_cecd_direction 2 high is forward low is reverse and the default direction is forward This command also updates all parameters that are forward reverse dependent C6 Setting Line Rate EXSYNC DALSA Corp The camera s line rate synchronization is generated internally or input from a frame grabber host system The source is selected using the set_sync_mode mode command through the serial port To set line rate internally use the command set_sync_mode 0 To set line rate externally use the command se
31. heck all cable connections especially right at the connector poor connections or broken wires will cause randomly changing bits or stuck bits DALSA Corp EC 11 User s Manual 29 Horizontal Lines or Patterns in Image A faulty or irregular encoder signal may result in horizontal lines due to exposure time fluctuations ensure that your exposure time is regular If you have verified that your exposure time is consistent and patterns of low frequency intensity variations still occur ensure that you are using a DC or high frequency light source DALSA Corp 03 32 00418 05 30 EC 11User s Manual 4 4 Product Support 03 32 00418 05 If the troubleshooting flowchart indicates a problem with your camera collect the following data about your application and situation and call your DALSA representative Note You may also want to photocopy this page to fax to DALSA Customer phone number fax number ote Product Model Number g EC 11 xxx40 ae Serial Number Acquisition System hardware frame grabber host computer light sources etc Acquisition System software version OS etc Power supplies and current draw Data rate used Control signals used in your O EXSYNC O BIN application and their frequency or MCLK O Other state if applicable O PRIN Detailed description of problem please attach description with as encountered much detail as appropriate In addition to your local DALSA representative you m
32. ill not be successful The camera will send a warning 03 32 00418 05 EC 1 User s Manual To perform dark calibration 1 Stop all light from entering the camera 2 Issue the command correction_calibrate_fpn The camera will respond with OK gt if no error occurs V needs to be between 1DN and 127DN otherwise the correction will be stopped Use the get__line command to determine input level Choose low FPN coefficient values to achieve optimum FPN calibration performance 3 Dark calibration automatically calibrates FPN coefficients and digital offset This procedure needs to be repeated for forward and reverse directions if direction control is used 4 After the calibration is complete you can save these settings and the PRNU coefficients to non volatile memory so they will be remembered after power down To do so issue the command write_pixel_coeffs To perform a dark calibration with an analog offset value Use the correction_calibrate_fpn value command Where value is the analog offset DN This command sets the analog offset first to value before calculating the FPN coefficients range from 1 to 100 Use this command in calibrated mode only If value is left blank current offset values are used White Light Calibration White light calibration is more complex than dark calibration because the camera attempts to create a flat white image This calibration corrects PRNU effects as well as non uniform lighting and
33. ions Value Set the end of line sequence 0 Off 1 On Read the camera model number gcm Read all of the camera parameters Note Sequence of camera parameters may change as new functionality is added to the camera When possible use commands specific to the information you 03 32 00418 05 50 03 32 00418 05 Command get_camera_serial get_camera_version get_fpn_coeff get_prnu_coeff get_line get_line_average get_sensor_serial help reset_camera reset_pixel_coeffs restore_factory_settings restore_user_settings set_analog_offset set_binning_horizontal set_binning_vertical set_ccd_direction set_digital_offset set_fpn_coeff Short Form gcs gcv gfe 8pc gl gla gss rc rpc rfs rus sao sbh sbv scd sdo sfc Parameters Value Value Value Value Value Value Value Value Value EC 1 User s Manual Description want to retrieve Read the camera serial number Read the firmware version and FPGA version Read the FPN coefficient Read the PRNU coefficient Get a line of raw video no digital processing or test pattern displaying one pixel value after another and the minimum maximum and mean value of the sampled line Read the average of 128 line samples Read the sensor serial number Display the online help Reset the entire camera reboot Reset the pixel coefficients for both directions to 0 Restore the camera
34. is will end up leaving residue and streaking behind 7 Repeat steps 2 4 using a clean tissue until the entire window has been cleaned 8 Blow off any adhering fibers or particles using dry filtered compressed air Stuck Bits If data bits seem to be stuck or do not change check that the camera is not saturated by preventing light from entering To verify the data path integrity check the levels of the 2 test pattern pixels first 2 pixels following the last End of line pixel You may need to turn the End of line sequence on by sending the command endof_line_sequence 1 Any deviation from a consistent value of these pixels 170DN 85DN could be an indication of the following e shorted bits e stuck bits e digital noise pickup on the I O cable e open connection To activate the test pattern use the command set_video_mode 2 Use the test pattern to verify the proper timing and connections between the camera and frame grabber To receive a complete line of raw video data without digital processing or test pattern through the RS232 port use the command get_line The returned data displays one pixel value after another and the minimum maximum and mean value of the sampled line Use this command to ensure the proper video input range Probe the output lines with an oscilloscope Disconnect the digital cable from the camera and check the digital signals at the output of the camera Ensure that the correct values are present C
35. ject resolution size By similar triangles the magnification is alternatively given by f OD These equations can be combined to give their most useful form h f This is the governing equation for many object and image plane h OD Parameters Example An acquisition system has a 512 x 512 element 10um pixel pitch area scan camera a lens with an effective focal length of 45mm and requires that 100um in the object space correspond to each pixel in the image sensor Using the preceding equation the object distance must be 450mm 0 450m 10um _ 45mm 100um OD OD 450mm 0 450m 03 32 00418 05 24 EC 1 User s Manual 03 32 00418 05 DALSA Corp EC 11 User s Manual 25 Troubleshooting The information in this chapter can help you solve problems that may occur during the setup of your camera Remember that the camera is part of the entire acquisition system You may have to troubleshoot any or all of the following power supplies e cabling frame grabber hardware amp software e host computer light sources e optics operating environment e encoder Your steps in dealing with a technical problem should be 1 Try the general and specific solutions listed in sections 4 1 4 2 and 4 3 2 If these solutions do not resolve your problem see section 4 4 on getting product support 4 1 Common Solutions DALSA Corp Connections The first step in troubleshooting is to verify that your camera ha
36. lens vignetting affects White light calibration requires a clean white reference The quality of this reference is important for proper calibration White paper is often not sufficient because the grain in the white paper will distort the correction A more uniform source such as white plastic will lead to better balancing The camera adjusts to the brightest pixel plus largest FPN pixel subtraction value There are several restrictions that must be met in order for the calibration to succeed 1 The camera is sufficiently sensitive to detect 60 Hz ambient light flicker which may affect camera performance and calibration results 2 The light level must be set so that input to the digital processing chain is between 128DN and 254DN otherwise calibration will stop Use the get_line command to determine input level 3 The variance in light intensity across the target must not be more than 2 to 1 Since the maximum per pixel digital gain is 2x the camera will not be able to compensate for extremely non uniform light These restrictions are all tested within the calibration algorithm and the camera will report an error if any of these conditions could not be met In this case the calibration will stop To perform a white light calibration 1 Place a white reference in front of the camera DALSA Corp EC 11 User s Manual 43 2 Ensure that the light intensity is characteristic of the final imaging environment Choose a light level
37. nd 750nm cutoff filter 2 This specification represents the amount of variance across the field of view that the camera can compensate for with its FPN and PRNU correction algorithms 3 Internal clock Camera is selectable between 40 20 and 10MHz data rates External clock EXRCLK Range between 10 40MHz 4 This is the value the specification can meet when the camera is calibrated and remains at the calibrated temperature It is recommended that after a gt 10 C temperature change the camera is re calibrated because DC Offset FPN and PRNU vary with temperature DALSA Corp EC 11 User s Manual 9 5 DC Offset needs to be set at calibrated gain setting Digital gain correction may be required to achieve maximum values Figure 2 EC 11 Spectral Responsivity EC 11 Typical Spectral Responsivity 2500 2000 1500 1000 Responsivity DN nJ cm 500 0 450 550 650 750 850 950 1050 Wavelength nm 1 4 CCD Camera Primer How CCD Image Sensors Work A CCD image sensor converts photons light into electrons charge When photons hit an image sensor the sensor accumulates electrons This is called charge integration The brighter your light source the more photons available for the sensor to integrate and the smaller the amount of time required to collect a given amount of light energy The way photosensitive elements pixels on CCD image sensors collect char
38. problem e g frame grabber or timing Verify the presence of the LVAL and STROBE signals e Test pattern successful Run the set_video_mode 0 command to deactivate video correction Then run the get_line command under both dark and light conditions to retrieve a line of raw video no digital processing Under dark conditions with factory settings the analog offset value should be within the specified range refer to the user specifications Adjust the analog offset using the set_analog_offset and calibrate_analog_offset commands Under light conditions you should receive a value Verify Voltage To check the camera s input voltages and internal voltages use the verify_voltage command If they are within the proper range the camera returns OK gt Otherwise the camera returns an error message Verify Temperature To check the internal temperature of the camera use the verify_temperature command For proper operation this value should not exceed 75 C Verify Pixel Coefficients To activate video correction send the command set_video_mode 1 Then use the display _pixel_coeffs command to display the pixel coefficients in the order PRNU FPN PRNU FPN for both directions 4 3 Specific Solutions DALSA Corp No Output or Erratic Behavior If your camera provides no output or behaves erratically it may be picking up random noise from long cables acting as antennae Do not attach wires to unused pins Verify that the c
39. rection pixel correction test pattern output and camera diagnostics e RS 232 interface ASCII 9600 baud Usability e Programmable gains offsets and camera controls DALSA Corp 03 32 00418 05 EC 1 User s Manual e End of line sequence and test pattern output for debugging e Single input supply 12V to 15V e Compliant with CE and MIL STD 810E shock and vibration e Multiple camera synchronization The EC 11 cameras use DALSA s newest compact modular architecture Within the camera driver circuits provide bias voltages and clocks to the CCD image sensor timing circuits generate internal timing and A D circuits process the video and digitize it for output Description The EC 11 is an incredibly responsive 100 times greater responsivity than standard line scan cameras fast up to 64 1kHz easy to use programmable pixel to pixel correction line rate gain and more and compact 50mm x 50mm x 88mm lt 350g advanced line scan camera With unmatched sensitivity performance size and an unprecedented array of programmable diagnostic and signal processing features the EC 11 xxx40 is a truly remarkable camera The camera s simple ASCII communications protocol allows you to configure and program virtually all camera functions through an RS232 serial interface To speed setup and system debugging the camera can output a test pattern and end of line sequence to help track the path of data through an
40. rn OK or fail Write all current pixel coefficients to EEROM Write all of the user settings to EEROM DALSA Corp EC 11 User s Manual DALSA Corp 53 APPENDIX E Revision History Revision Number 00 01 02 03 04 05 Change Description Manual release Removed preliminary stamp Removed optical alignment specifications Updated EMI compliance standard Updated the mechanical interface drawing on page 19 Sensor alignment measurements were wrong Updated the EMC declaration with Hank Helmond s signature and changed the date to 11 October 2002 Updated the EMC declaration with new codes and changed the date to 08 March 2005 Removed section 3 8 EMC Conformity Was not needed in two sections in the manual 03 32 00418 05 54 EC 1 User s Manual 03 32 00418 05 DALSA Corp EC 11 User s Manual DALSA Corp 55 Index A activating deactivating video correction 40 binning 41 bright lines 26 bucket analogy 9 C cable lengths 13 cables 13 length 31 calibrating the camera 38 calibration dark 38 errors 40 results 40 white light 39 CCD image sensors 9 command reference 44 commands descriptions 46 communications protocol 44 connectors 12 cooling 18 D dark calibration 38 dark patches 27 Data Bus 14 data rate 36 setting 36 Digital Data 14 EIA 644 Reference 30 EMC compliance 22 EMC Declaration of Conformity 33 envi
41. ronmental considerations 18 error codes 45 EXRCLK 14 setting 36 EXSYNC 14 setting 36 troubleshooting 24 F fiber optic light sources 21 Filters 21 forward 14 free run mode 14 full well capacity 9 G gain setting 37 H halogen light sources 21 help 34 hot mirror 21 how CCD image sensors work 9 Illumination 21 IL P1 image sensor 6 incorrect line rate 26 Input Output 12 inputs user bus 13 integration 9 interface mechanical 18 optical 21 serial 34 software 34 Introduction to the CA D1 5 IT P1 image sensor 6 L Lens Modeling 21 light sources 21 Line Dropout line dropout 26 line rate 36 setting 36 Logic HIGH and LOW 30 LVAL 03 32 00418 05 56 03 32 00418 05 troubleshooting 25 M magnification 22 mechanical interface 18 mounting 18 multi camera synchronization 16 N noisy output 26 O offset optimizing 37 optical interface 21 P periscope configuration 18 photosensitive elements pixels 9 pinout DB25 User Bus 12 OS1 data 12 power supplies 13 pretrigger 42 rebooting 42 returning calibration results and errors 40 EC 1 User s Manual S serial interface 34 serial port 41 settings data rate 36 direction 36 gain 37 line rate 36 pretrigger 42 restoring 35 saving 35 startup 35 STROBE troubleshooting 25 26 stuck bits 27 synchronizing cameras 16 T Technical Sales Support 29
42. s all other settings Activating Deactivating Video Correction To switch between calibrated and uncalibrated modes use the following set_video_mode commands e To deactivate video correction uncalibrated video use the command set_video_mode 0 e To activate video correction calibrated video use the command set_video_mode 1 e The command set_video_mode 2 generates a test pattern DALSA Corp 03 32 00418 05 44 EC 1 User s Manual C10 Increasing Sensitivity with Binning Binning increases the camera s light sensitivity by decreasing horizontal and vertical resolution the charge collected by adjacent pixels is added together More charge oD brighter pixel a Charge in Charge binned Normal image Binned image 4 adjacent pixels 1 pixel output To enable 2x2 binning use the command set_binning_horizontal 1 and set_binning_vertical 1 To disable binning use the command set_binning_horizontal 0 and set_binning_vertical 0 Horizontal 2x1 and vertical 1x2 binning can also be used independently C11 Generating Test Patterns The camera can generate a test pattern to aid in system debugging Use the command set_video_mode 2 to activate the test pattern The test pattern is a ramp from 0 to 255DN then starts at 0 again Use the test pattern to verify the proper timing and connections between the camera and the frame grabber End of line Sequence To further aid debugging the camera can
43. s all the correct connections Power Supply Voltages Check for the presence of all voltages at the camera power connector Verify that all grounds are connected EXSYNC When the camera is powered on for the first time it defaults no external input required to free run mode maximum data rate forward direction maximun line rate and internal Sync to trigger readout After a user has saved settings the camera power ups with the saved settings Note a warning appears when switching to external signals EXSYNC or EXRCLK with no preset signals 03 32 00418 05 26 EC 1 User s Manual EXRCLK EXRCLK is an optional input signal used to control readout timing EXRCLK is applied to the read portion of a FIFO and directly drives STROBE and LVAL Data Clocking Output Signals Verify the presence of all data clocking and output signals Trigger the oscilloscope from the rising edge of LVAL ch1 DC coupled Adjust the oscilloscope time base to allow for a complete cycle of each signal e STROBE Verify the presence of the STROBE and STROBEB signals There should be a continuous clock signal present at the same frequency as your data rate Sample data on the rising edge of STROBE e LVAL Verify the presence of the LVAL and LVALB signals e Digital Output Do not probe LVDS data signals with a scope probe unless it has less than 0 5pf of capacitance If you can probe safely use LVAL to trigger the scope sweep Illumina
44. sets the camera to its nominal gain Set the lower threshold to a value from 0 to 255 Set the pretrigger to a value from 0 or 15 Set the PRNU coefficient The first value is the pixel number within the following range 512 pixels range 0 to 511 1024 pixels range 0 to 1023 2048 pixels range 0 to 2047 The second value is a specified value within the range 0 to 511 Set the data rate of the camera 0 Internal 40MHz 1 Internal 20MHz 2 Internal 1OMHz 3 External EXRCLK Subtracts the input value from the ouput signal Subtracted value ranges from 0 to 511 Set the internal sync rate by applying a counter value Set the internal sync rate in Hz to a value from 3500Hz to camera s maximum line rate Value rounded up down as required Set line sync mode of the camera 0 Internally generated Sync 1 Externally supplied Sync Set the digital gain Gain value is specified from 0 to 511 03 32 00418 05 52 03 32 00418 05 Command set_upper_threshold set_video_mode verify_temperature verify_voltage write_pixel_coeffs write_user_settings Short Parameters Form sut Value svm Value vt VV wpe wus EC 1 User s Manual Description Set upper threshold to a value from 0 to 255 Set video mode 0 Output video without pixel correction 1 Output video with pixel correction 2 Test pattern Check the internal temperature of the camera Check the camera voltages and retu
45. smission allows the receiver to reject common mode voltages This noise rejection improves data integrity and allows cameras to be installed in an industrial environment EIA 644 compatible line receivers and drivers are available from many different IC manufacturers in a variety of fabrication technologies such as CMOS and GaAs The EIA 644 standard does not define specific voltages so it can migrate from 5V power supplies to 3 3V and sub 3V DALSA recommends the use of 5V CMOS line drivers and receivers such as National Semiconductor parts DS90C031 quad line driver and DS90C032 quad line receiver To achieve full benefit of the common mode rejection twisted pair cable should be used for all EIA 644 signals The cable impedance should be 100 Ohms and the cable terminated at the receiving end with a 100 Ohm resistor All EIA 644 inputs ina DALSA camera are terminated with 100 Ohms between the and of a signal Figure A 1 a shows an example of an EIA 644 transmission DALSA indicates the signal by the name of the signal i e EXSYNC while the signal is indicated by either an overscore over the name or appending the letter B to the end of the name i e EXSYNC or EXSYNCB The signal has the same sense as the TTL signal which is sent or received i e when EXSYNC in the TTL domain is HIGH then EXSYNC in the EIA 644 domain is HIGH The signal has the opposite sense of the TTL domain signal and so if EXSYNC TTL is HIGH then EXS
46. sssscescesessusssassesssssecescesessuusssnssssssseseecessses 25 4 2 Troubleshooting Using the Serial Interfoce sssscsssssssssssssssssssssessssssssssssessssessssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssse 26 AS Specific SDOT AEE EEEE ERN 27 4 4 Product Support EMC Declaration of Conformity 35 Software Interface How to Control the Camera 37 CVO VeVi GW irinn E 37 GD Processing COo onneaan ACCC 37 MES SHIT 22 52 cu a E EO ENER E EREEREER TERTERA 38 C4 Saving and Restoring OT NG 38 C Seting Dire Chior satsin istess tree E EE a 39 C6 Setting Line Rate EXSYNC sssssssssssssccssssssssesesssssssssscscsussssnssseessssssnsecessssssnsssesqassnnssscescasnssseseesnassssseeecuassssse 39 C7 Setting Data Rate EXRCLK sssssssssssscccssssssscccccsssssssccccsssssssscessssssnsscseccesssssnssseessssnnsecescsanenseseesnssnnssenescassnsses 40 03 32 00418 05 03 32 00418 05 EC 11User s Manual C8 Setting Goins ssssescccsssssseeeeee C9 Calibrating the Camera Overview C10 Increasing Sensitivity with Bimmitig ccccsscsssssssssssssssssssssssssssesessessescecsssssecsssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssss 44 CUT Generating Test Potters ezss iss ssscccccssssssscccccaussssccecccaussscccccausssuccesccaussscceccanssssegeeeecsccesscossessccscsesssusccecccosssssceecstosiessst C12 Returning Video Information C13 Monitoring the Camera uu csscsssssssssssssssssscssssccsssssssssssssssssssss
47. sssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssesssessesssessesesssssssseseseesse C14 Rebooting the Camerd ssssssssssssssssssssssssssscsssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssessesssssssssseseessssesssssssssssssseete 45 C15 Setting the Pre trigger scsssssssssssssssssssssssssssessssssssseseesssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssessessssssssssssssssssssssseessssessssssete C16 Setting and Reading FPN Coefficients C17 Setting and Reading PRNU Coefficients Communications Protocol 47 D1 Protocol Overview D2 Protocol Features D3 Command FOMO NR 47 D4 Nowo kno MOUE oA AAT 48 D5 Examples DO Feror Hondi raii E 48 MEE A A A A E ETTE 49 Revision History 53 Index 55 DALSA Corp EC 11 User s Manual 5 Introduction 1 1 Camera Highlights Responsivity e 1950 DN nJ cm nominal responsivity e 100x more responsive than standard line scan cameras e Ideal for applications with low intensity low cost lighting e Size e Small form factor 50mm x 50mm x 88mm lt 350g e C mount optics for 512 amp 1024 F mount for 2048 Performance e 40MHz single output data rate e 8 bit output from 10 bit digitization e 512 1024 and 2048 pixels 13m x 13um 100 fill factor e Line rates up to 64kHz e 96 TDI stages e Bidirectional e RS 644 LVDS data format Programmability e Simple ASCII protocol controls binning gain offset line and data rates trigger mode di
48. t_syn_mode 1 When using internally generated sync the frequency can be programmed using the command set_syne_frequency frequency where frequency is a number in Hz between 3500 and the specified maximum line rate Use the command set_sync_counter value to set the line rate from 3500Hz to the camera s maximum line rate by applying a counter value Counter values are from 0 to 65535 Line rate can be calculated as follows Line rate 1 minimum line time counter value 50ns where minimum line time is 1 maximum line rate at applied EXRCLK Minimum Line 40MHz 20MHz 10MHz Times 512 15 575us 28 8us 57 5us 1024 29 725us 55 1us 110 1us 2048 57 275us 110 2us 220 0us For external sync the control signal EXSYNC determines line rate The internal commands set_sync_frequency and set_sync_counter are disabled when EXSYNC has been selected When setting the camera to external sync EXSYNC must be supplied 03 32 00418 05 40 EC 1 User s Manual C7 Setting Data Rate EXRCLK The camera s data rate can be set to one of three internal data rates or to the external read clock EXRCLK To set the data rate to internal 40MHz use the command set_relk_select 0 To set the data rate to internal 20MHz use the command set_rclk_select 1 To set the data rate to internal 10MHz use the command set_relk_select 2 To set the data rate to external read clock use the command set_rclk_select 3 When setting the camera to its external clo
49. te the camera target and check each individual digital output signal on ch2 of the oscilloscope D0 D7 on the digital output connector The digital output data signal should change value when light is blocked from the camera lens Ensure that the bitpattern that is output just before the active video pixels is correct as specified in Chapter 2 If any of the above signals are missing contact DALSA product support 4 2 Troubleshooting Using the Serial Interface 03 32 00418 05 The following commands can aid in debugging The complete command protocol is described in Appendix C and D Verify Parameters To verify the camera setup send the get_camera_parameters command Verify Factory Calibrated Settings To restore the camera s factory settings and reset the FPN and PRNU coefficients to 0 send the restore_factory settings command After executing this command send the get_camera_parameters command to verify the factory settings Verify Timing and Digital Video Path To generate a test pattern use the command set_video_mode 2 The test pattern is a ramp from 0 to 255DN then starts at 0 again Use the test pattern to verify the proper timing and connections between the camera and the frame grabber and verify the proper output along the digital processing chain DALSA Corp EC 11 User s Manual 27 e No test pattern or bad test pattern May indicate a problem with the camera e g missing bit or a system setup
50. ted mode When changing analog processing values between the two video mode settings the camera automatically adjusts the settings according to the video mode as well as the direction the camera is operating in Analog Processing Digital Processing gt Q analog video N analog analog gain offset short form commands C3 Startup AN FPN coefficients AN PRNU background coefficients subtract digital offset gt digital video system gain When the camera is first started it must perform several actions before it is ready for imaging This startup routine takes approximately 10 seconds and follows this sequence 1 Initializes the camera and all internal hardware 2 Loads the last settings saved to non volatile memory including the last set of video correction coefficients if previously saved 3 Restores user settings if previously saved otherwise factory settings 4 Performs a memory test and voltage test and reports an error if any occurred After this startup sequence is complete the camera will return either the prompt OK gt if no error occurred or an error code if a problem has been discovered C4 Saving and Restoring Settings Ci The camera provides a number of commands for restoring storing and saving settings To restore the original factory settin
51. ue from the CCD PRNU pixel PRNU correction coefficient for this pixel FPN pixel FPN correction coefficient for this pixel The calibration algorithm is performed in two steps The fixed offset FPN is determined first by performing a calibration without any light This calibration determines exactly how much offset to subtract per pixel in order to obtain flat output when the CCD is not exposed The white light calibration is performed next to determine the multiplication factors required to bring each pixel to the required value balance target for flat white output Video output is set slightly above the brightest pixel depending on offset subtracted For FPN dark light the value must be between 1DN and 127DN for PRNU white light the value must be between 128DN and 254DN Use the get_line command to ensure the proper input to the digital processing V input White light calibration will gain up to maximum white light pixel plus the maximum FPN subtract pixel When performing any camera calibration random noise must be averaged out to ensure proper sampling Sample size is fixed at 128 Dark Calibration Dark calibration is used to remove the fixed analog offset from the video path It is recommended you repeat the calibration when a temperature change greater than 10 C occurs 03 32 00418 05 42 Note If your illumination or white reference does not extend the full field of view of the camera calibration w
52. ve identical synchronous EXRCLK and EXSYNC signals max external EXRCLK 40 MHz EXRCLK Pixel Clock ratio is 1 1 Compensate for different cable lengths and nominal delays 2 The timing relationship between the rising edge of EXSYNC and the rising edge of MCLK must meet the requirements in the diagram below EXSYNC Thoo E lt Tsetup Thold min 2ns EXRCLK Tsetup MIN 6ns 3 Data and control cabling must be separate for each camera Although each camera will get the same EXRCLK and EXSYNC signals the control signals must come from separate differential pairs of a LVDS line driver Because the cameras output will be synchronized use the data clocking signals LVAL STROBE from just one of the cameras to clock all the others DALSA Corp EC 11 User s Manual 17 2 9 Serial Interface Camera features can be controlled through the serial interface RS232 9600 baud The serial interface uses simple ASCII based protocol and the camera does not require any custom software The complete protocol is described later in the manual Appendix C and D Functions available include e Controlling basic camera functions such as binning horizontal and vertical gain offset line and data rate and direction e Pixel by pixel FPN and PRNU correction and balancing e Measuring sensor temperature supply voltages e Capturing video and line statistics e Generating end of line sequencing line counter line average pixels abov
53. which includes a mounting ring the CORION LS 750 which does not include a mounting ring and the CORION HR 750 series hot mirror Lens Modeling Any lens surrounded by air can be modeled for camera purposes using three primary points the first and second principal points and the second focal point The primary DALSA Corp EC 11 User s Manual DALSA Corp 23 points for a lens should be available from the lens data sheet or from the lens manufacturer Primed quantities denote characteristics of the image side of the lens That is h is the object height and h is the image height The focal point is the point at which the image of an infinitely distant object is brought to focus The effective focal length f is the distance from the second principal point to the second focal point The back focal length BFL is the distance from the image side of the lens surface to the second focal point The object distance OD is the distance from the first principal point to the object Figure 5 Primary Points in a Lens System SECOND PRINCIPAL POINT LIGHT RAYS FROM LEFT oO SECOND FOCAL POINT gt gt gt e OBJECT HEIGHT h FIRST PRINCIPAL POINT OBJECT DISTANCE OD Magnification and Resolution The magnification of a lens is the ratio of the image size to the object size _h where m is the magnification h is the image height pixel size m h and h is the object height desired ob
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