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Quantification + Characterization of Trout Creek Restoration

1. job of synthesizing pre project conditions for Trout Creek due to existing reports and research team experience with the project area CRAM Evaluation 11 Should the CRAM evaluation be conducted the results will provide a simple ecosystem characterization rather than outputs that can be used to quantify water quality benefits 12 Some TAC members felt that a quick evaluation of CRAM would potentially lead in the wrong direction and thought that a complete project focused directly on this topic would be needed 2NDNATURE LLC 500 Seabright Avenue Suite 205 Santa Cruz CA 95062 p 831 426 9119 w 2ndnaturellc com Quantification and Characterization of Trout Creek Restoration Effectiveness Focused Development of a Stream Load Reduction Methodology SLRT Final Characterization Plan p D 4 AGENDA MARCH 18 2010 Repeated here for contextual reference Time Description Presenter 9 00 Introduce research goals and timeframe Chad 9 15 Research focus and needs Nicole Outline concepts for Stream Load Reduction Tool SLRT 9 45 e Explain general approaches Catherine e Gain initial TAC response 10 50 Break Present and discuss Trout Creek data collection strategy e Purpose and approach 11 00 Nicole e Consider the benefits and tradeoffs of doing a CRAM evaluation e Gather TAC input and comments 11 30 Prioritize and confirm research outcomes and deliverables Nicole Chad 11 50 Next steps Chad 12 00 Depart 2NDNATURE LLC 500 Seabri
2. rrrrrrnnrnrrnrnnnnrrnnrnnnnrrrnrnnnnnerrnnnnnnerrnnnnnneernnnnnsesennnnnsesernnnnnsessennnn 18 A 1 Analytical Laboratory Sample Requirements rrnrnrnnrrnnnnnnrnnnnnernnnnnrnnrnnnernnnnnennnnnnnnnnnennnnnnennnnnnsnnrnnnenennunsnnnnnes 25 A 2 Type and frequency of QA QC samples rrnnnnnnnnnnnnnvvrrrrnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnrnnnnnnnnnnrrrrnnnnrnnnnnnnnnnnnssnnnnnnnnnerrrvnrvnnnnnnnnnnnsesee 25 LIST OF FIGURES 1 TNS 4 2 SLRT conceptual modeling approach rrrrnnnrnnnnnnrnnnnnernnnnnnrnnnnnnrnnnnnennnnnnennnnneesnnnnnennnnnnsnnnnnnsnnnnneennnnunennnnnesnennnneee 6 3 Floodplain deposition Model components for SLRT cceccccesscccceseccccesccceeeeccceesececeueceseeeueceesuseceseecesseneeets 8 4 Channel erosion model components for S RT rrrrnnnrnnnnnrrnnnnnernnnnnnrnnnnnernnnnnennnnnnvnnnnnensnnnnnennnnnsennnnnevnnnunennnnnneene 9 5 USGS stream gage data for Trout Creek rrarrrnnnnrrrnnnnrrrnnnnnrnnnnnernnnnnnrnnnnnnvnnnnnennnnnnrnnnnnevennnnenennnnssnnnnnesnnnunesnnnnee 17 6 Floodplain and water sampling rrrrnnrnnnnnnrnnnnnrrnrnnnnrnnnnnernrnnnernrnnernnnnnennnnnnnennrnnenennnnsnnnnnesennnnnesennunsnnnnnssnnnnnenesnnee 21 2NDNATURE LLC 500 Seabright Avenue Suite 205 Santa Cruz CA 95062 p 831 426 9119 w 2ndnaturellc com Quantification and Characterization of Trout Creek Restoration Effectiveness Focused Development of a Stream Load Reduction Methodology SLRT Final Characterization Plan p 1 CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION
3. Create and assess a range of methods to quantify WQ benefits and create a Stream Load Reduction Tool SLRT e Trout Creek case study inform inputs and validate outputs of SLRT through Synthesizing existing data Collecting new data from Trout Creek Water Years 2010 11 Apply the riverine module of CRAM to Trout Creek 2NDNATURE LLC 500 Seabright Avenue Suite 205 Santa Cruz CA 95062 p 831 426 9119 w 2ndnaturellc com Quantification and Characterization of Trout Creek Restoration Effectiveness Focused Development of a Stream Load Reduction Methodology SLRT Final Characterization Plan p D 2 2 The TAC debated the need for California Rapid Assessment Methodology CRAM evaluation and decided to delay the potential implementation of the proposed CRAM effort until the summer of 2011 6 of 7 TAC members voting to delay 1 abstention a The TAC did not want CRAM evaluations completely removed from consideration by the research team 0 of 7 TAC members voting for removal ACTION ITEMS 1 TAC members can submit written comments on the Draft Characterization Plan until March 26 The research team will incorporate comments and finalize the Characterization Plan in the first weeks of April 2 TAC members are asked to submit any additional Trout Creek reports or data that they may have Please check the list of reports the team is currently using on p 14 of the Draft Characterization Plan The team will check with Russ Wigart for add
4. ESOO Ll PRO doo do A 2NDNATURE CHAIN OF CUSTODY RECORD 500 Seabright Ave 4205 Santa Cruz CA 95062 t831 426 9119 f 831 421 9023 www 2ndnaturellc com PAGE 1 OF 1 PROJECT NAME AND JOB LABORATORY SEND CERTIFIED RESULTS TO TURNAROUND TIME Standard 24hr Rush 48hr Rush 72hr Rush ELECTRONIC DELIVERABLE FORMAT YES NO GLOBAL I D Sampler Date SKK SAMPLE CONTAINERS REQUESTED ANALYSIS orre Samples SRRA AGE Toas e TSS Grain Size fractions RELEASED BY Date amp Time RECEIVED BY Date amp Time SAMPLE CONDITION circle one 1 gt Ambient Refrigerated Ice 2 gt Ambient Refrigerated Ice 3 gt Ambient Refrigerated Ice 4 gt Ambient Refrigerated Ice 5 gt Ambient Refrigerated Ice Quantification and Characterization of Trout Creek Restoration Effectiveness Focused Development of a Stream Load Reduction Methodology SLRT Final Characterization Plan p C 1 APPENDIX C WETLAB STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURES Attached as separate document due to length Appendix C WetLab SOP pdf 2NDNATURE LLC 500 Seabright Avenue Suite 205 Santa Cruz CA 95062 p 831 426 9119 w 2ndnaturellc com Quantification and Characterization of Trout Creek Restoration Effectiveness Focused Development of a Stream Load Reduction Methodology SLRT Final Characterization Plan p D 1 APPENDIX D TAC MEETING MARCH 18 2010 MEETING REPORT Meeting Report Environmental NONATURE SLRT amp Trout Cree
5. Menu File 3 Upload 2 Choose File Proceed Comma Delimited Make sure File transfer happens uninterrupted Try not to let computer go to sleep 2 Check data a When d l successful go to my computer program files ecowwin data Open file Make sure data goes to current date time data is consistent reasonable especially depth and DO If it looks that file didn t completely transfer go to Menu File View File Choose file and make sure data is complete there If it is d l again and make sure computer stays awake If it isn t batteries probably died Data is lost b Check DO depth ORP and battery level on uploaded file See below for instructions moen 3 Start new unattended sample a Once everything is okay go to Menu Run Unattended Sample Create new file name SiteDate ex VG050505 record on 30 minute intervals double check it will start sampling in less than 30 minutes A choose C Start Logging b Goto Menu Status Check at logging status is active for peace of mind c Disconnect everything and put instrument back in casing 4 Check DO membrane on 600XLM a Always recalibrate DO probe after download Watch the readings for 1 minute If DO is consistently near 100 and not jumping around then everything is okay If not see below b If DO is jumping around or not consistently near 100 the probe is not shiny silver and gold or the membrane is t
6. by neck and dry tube i Make sure the single squared off notch on the black positioning ring aligns with the vertical white indexing line printed on the sample tube e Insert blank into the chamber i Make sure the single squared off notch aligns with the grey arrow on the top of the turbidity meter The sample tube should fit smoothly into the notch f Close lid g Select scan blank h Remove blank from chamber Place in foam insert inside the impact case i Insert clean dry sample tube into chamber i Make sure the single squared off notch aligns with the grey arrow on the top of the turbidity meter The sample tube should fit smoothly into the notch j Close lid k Select scan sample Record results i Note if result is NTU or FAU 2NDNATURE LLC 500 Seabright Avenue Suite 205 Santa Cruz CA 95062 p 831 426 9119 w 2ndnaturellc com Quantification and Characterization of Trout Creek Restoration Effectiveness Focused Development of a Stream Load Reduction Methodology SLRT Final Characterization Plan p B 1 APPENDIX B FIELD DATASHEETS Trout Creek Grab Water Sample Floodplain Transect Survey Cross Section Surveys In Situ Instrument Log Chain of Custody 2NDNATURE LLC 500 Seabright Avenue Suite 205 Santa Cruz CA 95062 p 831 426 9119 w 2ndnaturellc com Page of Trout Creek Grab Water Sample Field Field Staff Plate ft Turbidity Photos Taken 0 Notes __ Digital file name is troutcreek date SFC samples xI
7. source control for sediment The research team supports the ecological process approach to 2NDNATURE LLC 500 Seabright Avenue Suite 205 Santa Cruz CA 95062 p 831 426 9119 w 2ndnaturellc com Quantification and Characterization of Trout Creek Restoration Effectiveness Focused Development of a Stream Load Reduction Methodology SLRT Final Characterization Plan p D 3 restoration it should remain a priority The SLRT will allow restoration practitioners to quantify the pollutant load reduction expected from successful and desired stream restoration efforts 3 The TAC is generally happy with the models that will be evaluated for the complex approach but did suggest that the team evaluate the Rosgen rapid assessment protocol to see where it could be used This is important because some project implementers are using this protocol to evaluate SEZ conditions 4 Regulatory TAC members felt that the Simple approach to load estimation is very valuable for some of their needs This approach would be useful for environmental documentation specifically comparing the short term load increases due to construction to the long term benefit of the project It is important to note that several of the current assumptions of this approach are in need of validation e g 100 retention of sediment in the floodplain 5 Use of LIDAR or other remote sensing techniques was mentioned but the project team noted that accuracy of geomorphic survey is not
8. 1 1 RESEARCH INTRODUCTION The proposal entitled Quantification and Characterization of Trout Creek Restoration Effectiveness has been funded by USFS SNPLMA Round 9 grant funds with a contract awarded to the 2NDNATURE team in August 2009 The goals and objectives outlined in the research proposal are below Goals 1 Characterize the desired condition analog of stream morphology and function in the Lake Tahoe Basin Trout Creek by directly applying techniques developed by 2NDNATURE for Lake Tahoe streams 2 Create a simple empirical methodology to quantify the water quality benefit of stream restoration using reaches of Trout Creek and Upper Truckee River as tangible examples Objectives a Build upon existing SNPLMA research products and others to define and then document the restored Trout Creek physical and chemical conditions b Generate event based and geomorphic parameters from Trout Creek to further refine the indicators and metrics used to characterize the geomorphic and water quality benefits of stream restoration projects c Analyze and apply the data available to create the Stream Load Reduction Tool to standardize how the water quality benefits of stream restoration projects are estimated in the context of the Lake Tahoe TMDL d Identify opportunities to employ the Stream Load Reduction Tool to evaluate restoration alternatives and future project effectiveness This Characterization Plan is the initial deliverable under
9. Sparks NV 89431 Monday Friday 8 00 am 6 00 pm 775 355 0202 Phone 775 355 0817 Fax 4 Transfer all information from field datasheet to digital file troutcreek_date_SFC_samples xlsx Example troutcreek_20100613 SFC_samples xlsx is for samples collected on June 13 2010 5 Record USGS data a Record flow and staff plate reading for TCPT and TCMA from USGS website into field datasheet Record the reading for the time each sample was collected TCPT USGS Gage 10336775 http waterdata usgs gov nwis uv site no 10336775 amp agency cd USGS TCMA USGS Gage 10336780 http waterdata usgs gov nwis uv site no 10336780 amp amp There is no CCPT USGS Gage leave blank 6 Coordination with 2NDNATURE for digital files a Save file with date b E mail updated digital file to Tashi MacMillen daily tashiQ2ndnaturellc com 2NDNATURE LLC 500 Seabright Avenue Suite 205 Santa Cruz CA 95062 p 831 426 9119 w 2ndnaturellc com Quantification and Characterization of Trout Creek Restoration Effectiveness Focused Development of a Stream Load Reduction Methodology SLRT Final Characterization Plan p A 5 PROTOCOL D SEDIMENT GRAB SAMPLE 1 Sample Collection a Secure a clean small Ziploc or similar plastic bag to transport and store each sediment grab sample b Clean metal scoop c Use the metal scoop to collect deposited floodplain sediments using a single long even scrape trying to sample down to vegetation barrier Total volu
10. Tahoe Basin aim to increase the likelihood of inundating upland areas adjacent to the stream channel allowing deposition of sediment on the floodplain and decreasing in channel shear stress that drives sediment generation via channel erosion Modeling the potential loading of TSS and FSP at the downstream end of stream restoration projects therefore requires several types of information for the pre and post project conditions of the subject reach To estimate floodplain deposition we must know 1 TSS and FSP load inputs to the upper portions of the study area Figure 3 1 2 the frequency of discharge conditions that cause inundation of the floodplain Figure 3 2 and 3 the fraction of sediment deposited on the floodplain for different water discharge values reflected as a retention coefficient Figure 3 3 To estimate the reduction in stream bank erosion we must know the amount of channel erosion for different water discharge values Figure 4 This information can be determined with varying levels of complexity using a combination of modeling and field sampling Complexity potentially increases accuracy but also increases cost and potentially decreases portability of the SLRT to different settings We outline three potential approaches below for the SLRT to model floodplain deposition and channel erosion from simplest to most complex with respect to the data collection needs and sophistication of computational tools used The simplest approac
11. Trout and Cold creeks can be considered untreated inputs to the site while downstream samples reflect treated outputs Figure 6 Three automated turbidity meters will be installed and operated during Spring 2010 at the USGS stream gage locations on Trout and Cold creeks Figure 1 to provide turbidity time series records Strategic grab sampling to sample a range of hydrologic conditions using the real time USGS website http waterdata usgs gov ca nwis rt will allow the development a rating curve to convert turbidity to TSS and FSP concentrations The frequency of water sampling at the site will be driven by the hydrologic conditions and will increase to daily if overbank conditions occur at the site The sample sites will be reestablished in early spring 2011 if remaining resources are available and had not been expended in 2010 Floodplain deposition evaluations In an effort to greatly improve our understanding of water and sediment retention on the floodplain should overbank conditions occur intensive field measurements and observations will be conducted on the Trout Creek floodplain We plan to collaborate with the research team from University of California Davis led by Dr Geoffrey Schladow and others including graduate student Stephen Andrews This group has already deployed low cost passive floodplain samplers to measure floodplain deposition as part of a SNPLMA funded project that began in 2009 In consultation with these rese
12. a limiting factor whereas the models are very sensitive to other parameters such as retention coefficients Trout Creek Data Collection Strategy 6 The TAC supported the allocation of significant resources during WY2010 should overbank flows occur which may result in reduced field and data collection opportunities in WY2011 This approach will allow the research team to take full advantage of overbank flow opportunities which have been limited in the last few years 7 The SLRT and Trout data collection strategy will focus primarily on fine sediment pollutants such as Fine Sediment Particles lt 16 microns FSP and Total Suspended Sediment TSS labs will conduct grain size analysis of field samples Field samples will not be analyzed for nutrient concentrations during this research effort However the research team will use the large nutrient dataset obtained by the USGS over many years to infer SRP and TP loads as resources allow 8 Some TAC members mentioned an interest in meadow infill rates based on stream deposition but this suggestion was also noted to be non critical for the current effort a There was discussion that some evidence points to an approximate meadow infill rate of 0 5 mm year 9 TAC members suggested focusing on depressions in the Trout Creek floodplain some data does exist for these depressions and these will be evaluated during field efforts 10 The research team feels that it will be possible to do an ok
13. annual load reduction estimate as a result of Trout Creek restoration Table 7 Table 7 Estimated average annual load reduction as a result of Trout Creek restoration using the simple SLRT approach 3 3 System process improving TSS tonnes yr Fine sediment lt 63 um Fine sediment downstream water quality tonnes yr particle lt 16 um Increased floodplain retention 325 1 110 assuming 20 of 63 um Decreased channel erosion tonnes yr Average annual load reduction 2NDNATURE LLC 500 Seabright Avenue Suite 205 Santa Cruz CA 95062 p 831 426 9119 w 2ndnaturellc com Quantification and Characterization of Trout Creek Restoration Effectiveness Focused Development of a Stream Load Reduction Methodology SLRT Final Characterization Plan p 19 For comparison Simon 2008 calculates that Trout Creek delivers 462 tonnes yr of fine sediment lt 63 um to Lake Tahoe we use a different rating curve than Simon 2008 to relate FSP to water discharge and calculate 230 tonnes yr of fine sediment lt 63 um Using the particle size distribution for non urban land uses presented in the TMDL technical report Lahontan Water Quality Control Board and Nevada Division of Environmental Protection 2009 which states that 20 of the lt 63 um fraction is lt 16 um the FSP reduction for Trout Creek is on the order of 26 tonnes yr 3 3 ASSESSMENT OF SIMPLE APPROACH SLRT CALCULATION The Simple Approach SLRT for Trout Creek provides us with an
14. example for the assessment that will be completed all of the SLRT models considered see section 2 4 for assessment description Cost and level of expertise necessary to implement the model The Simple Approach presented above is relatively inexpensive because it relies on USGS data and field data collected in association with the stream restoration project The expertise needed is minimal with specific skills needed in accessing managing and interpreting USGS time series data Performance of the model The SLRT produces the appropriate output needed to assess load reductions in tonnes year The validation of the model results requires field data proposed as part of our Data Collection Strategy Chapter 4 Parameters needed to implement the model The data needed to constrain model parameters are USGS stream gage data grab samples of TSS and FSP at different water discharge conditions pre restoration channel erosion rates and changes to channel morphology associated with restoration Parameters that model results are sensitive to The model output is sensitive to a few parameters that need particular attention in the data collection and interpretation Calculation of floodplain deposition requires knowledge of the duration of floodplain inundation in an average year generally calculated in HEC RAS during restoration planning The deposition of FSP on the floodplain also requires data to constrain the relationship between FSP and discharge a p
15. occur during the study period of WYs 2010 2011 and existing data and assumptions will be have to be more intensively leveraged In Chapter 3 we detail Trout Creek data already assembled by the 2NDNATURE team and provide an example of the simple approach SLRT for Trout Creek In Chapter 4 we outline our data collection strategy for Trout Creek with explicit recognition that the exact strategy will depend on the discharge conditions during the research timeline CHAPTER 3 TROUT CREEK CASE STUDY Water was first introduced to 3 km of constructed new channel in the Trout Creek restored reach in October 2001 Restoration goals included increasing overbank flow and sediment deposition and creating wetland habitat adjacent to the channel Haen Engineering 1998 Channels were designed to have overbank flow at discharge 2NDNATURE LLC 500 Seabright Avenue Suite 205 Santa Cruz CA 95062 p 831 426 9119 w 2ndnaturellc com Quantification and Characterization of Trout Creek Restoration Effectiveness Focused Development of a Stream Load Reduction Methodology SLRT Final Characterization Plan p 14 levels greater than 70 cfs upstream of the Cold Creek confluence and 90 cfs below Cold Creek Watershed Restoration Associates 2000 Sinuosity of the channel as a result of restoration has increased and the slope has decreased from the addition of meander bends Floodplain vegetation was restored by salvaging pre project sod and plants as well as scattering seed
16. rep If replicates are taken from the surface water grab indicate the replicate number here D Date of collection E Time of collection 2NDNATURE LLC 500 Seabright Avenue Suite 205 Santa Cruz CA 95062 p 831 426 9119 w 2ndnaturellc com Quantification and Characterization of Trout Creek Restoration Effectiveness Focused Development of a Stream Load Reduction Methodology SLRT Final Characterization Plan p A 3 PROTOCOL C SURFACE WATER GRAB SAMPLE Logistics The goal of this sampling effort is to obtain a series of grab water samples at two discrete locations on Trout Creek and one on Cold Creek The sampling locations are see figure1 e Trout Creek at Pioneer Trail USGS Gage 10336775 Site ID TCPT e Cold Creek at Pioneer Trail USGS Gage 10336778 Site ID CCPT e Trout Creek at Martin Ave USGS Gage 10336775 Site ID TCMA Sampling coordination with ZNDNATURE will be every morning at 09 30 2NDNATURE s contacts are e Tashi MacMillen tashi 2ndnaturellc com 831 239 1645 e Brian Spear brian 2ndnaturellc com 831 512 7937 e 2NDNATURE main office 831 426 9119 California Tahoe Conservancy CTC contact is e Scott Carroll scarroll tahoe ca gov 530 543 6062 Target sample collection over the season is based on the flow at the USGS gage on Trout Creek at Pioneer Trail TCPT The target sample distribution is e Every 20cfs when flow lt 80cfs e Every 10cfs when flow gt 80cfs e Digital sample logs will be used to keep track o
17. stream channel and floodplain factors that affect sediment generation and retention within the reach 2NDNATURE LLC 500 Seabright Avenue Suite 205 Santa Cruz CA 95062 p 831 426 9119 w 2ndnaturellc com Quantification and Characterization of Trout Creek Restoration Effectiveness Focused Development of a Stream Load Reduction Methodology SLRT Final Characterization Plan p 15 Table 3 Summary of acquired existing data for Trout Creek Data roe soe Data Available Collection Attribute Class Dates No report available at this Scott Carroll XS data 2001 2003 time Pebble Counts 2001 2003 e ee Creek XS Data 2001 2003 a la T Longitudinal Profiles 2001 2003 Channel Floodplain Restoration Swanson Hydrology Pool Riffle Info 2001 2003 Relationship 2001 2003 Geomorphology ae Stream Stage Data 2001 2003 Channel Stability Bankfull Survey 1997 Wetted Perimeter E Langendoen NSL PSD physical data 2008 Sample SW Nutrient Data 8 4 00 Surface Water Trout Creek TSS turbidity TKN 7 30 02 Downstream Water Quality Data Restoration and PO4 OPO4 NO3 grab Quality Wildlife Habitat Ec at 3 stations samples Enhancement Spot measurements Project Water elevations and Quality Scott Carroll CTC CSLT graphs of MW at 1999 2003 Monitoring transects 1 6 Groundwater Channel Floodplain es Report GW Nutrient Data oe EC TKN PO4 TPsol for 2001 2002 monitoring wells transects 1 6 Trout Creek Plant Species Restor
18. will be saved to My Data To access data click on View and select My Data Right click the recently downloaded file and select Export to Csv Select the file under the Exported Data File and in the window to the right the location of the file on the C drive will be indicated i Check details on Instrument Battery Capacity and Storage Capacity in the upper right corner Record these values in the field log If battery capacity is low the instrument will need to be sent back to In situ 2 Start new test a To start new test old test must be deleted Right click old test and choose Delete This is why it is imperative that you check that gage has downloaded correctly and data is saved Deleting this should also clear out the data storage capacity b Right click Tests and choose New Wizard will take you through the set up If you are unsure of any of the settings go to the data fi le just downloaded Beginning lines give description of setup including mode reference depths and sampling intervals When setting up both Level and BaroTrolls it is best to have them recording at same interval with same start times One note on programming the BaroTroll sometimes it will reset the default values in the wizard The details of the next instrument you download after the BaroTroll will need to be adjusted to the normal default values c When finished double check details to make sure test will begin If you chose
19. 1 500 Quantification and Characterization of Trout Creek Restoration Effectiveness Focused Development of a Stream Load Reduction Methodology SLRT Final Characterization Plan p 5 Should CRAM be completed the evaluations will focus upon the ability of CRAM to detect stream restoration improvements in Trout Creek In order to achieve this CRAM scores of pre and post conditions of completed projects may include Angora Sewer Reach and Cookhouse Meadow Additional CRAM evaluations may be completed on highly disturbed sites such as specific Upper Truckee reaches and relatively undisturbed reaches such as Trout Creek and Angora Creek upstream of the restoration sites Including the larger sample will increase our ability to evaluate Trout Creek effectiveness and will allow for a pilot test of CRAM in the Lake Tahoe Basin setting 1 4 POLLUTANTS OF CONCERN Sediment and nutrient species are the pollutants of concern in Lake Tahoe riparian systems due to their identified impact on impairing lake clarity Fine inorganic sediment particles FSP lt 16 um have been identified as the primary pollutant impairing clarity Swift et al 2006 due the very high residence time of these particles within the lake water column The Lake Tahoe TMDL Lahontan Water Quality Control Board and Nevada Division of Environmental Protection 2009 identified that 72 of the total annual FSP loading to Lake Tahoe originated from urban stormwater runoff and only 4 is th
20. 15 Tague C Valentine S and Kotchen M 2008 Effect of geomorphic channel restoration on streamflow and groundwater in a snowmelt dominated watershed Water Resources Research v 44 doi 10 1029 2007WR006418 Watershed Restoration Associates 2000 Trout Creek Restoration Project Supplemental Design Report January 25 2000 2NDNATURE LLC 500 Seabright Avenue Suite 205 Santa Cruz CA 95062 p 831 426 9119 w 2ndnaturellc com Quantification and Characterization of Trout Creek Restoration Effectiveness Focused Development of a Stream Load Reduction Methodology SLRT Final Characterization Plan p A 1 APPENDIX A PROTOCOLS PROTOCOL A SAMPLE ANALYSES AND DELIVERY All water samples collected in the field will be submitted to WETLab for TSS mg L and Particle Size Distribution PSD by mass for the following particle sizes lt 10 um lt 16 um lt 63 um lt 100 um and lt 1000 um analysis TSS analyses are performed by WETLab see Appendix C for WETLab standard operating procedures PSD analysis is subcontracted to Desert Research Institute DRI and conducted using the laser optical backscatter Saturn Digisizer 5200 All water samples will be properly labeled see Protocols B placed on ice and submitted with the proper chain of custody forms see Appendix B to WETLab by field personnel within the proper holding times Table A 1 Field quality control samples will include field blanks and composite replicate samples d
21. 2 p 831 426 9119 w 2ndnaturellc com Quantification and Characterization of Trout Creek Restoration Effectiveness Focused Development of a Stream Load Reduction Methodology SLRT Final Characterization Plan p 16 Table 4 Available USGS stream gage data relevant to Trout Creek restored reach USGS Stream Location Water discharge Suspended sediment fines Gage ID concentration lt 63 um 10336775 Upstream at Daily average 6 1 90 9 30 08 Spot samples 8 24 89 Spot samples Pioneer Trail Grab samples 8 24 89 9 3 08 9 3 08 n 412 3 4 91 5 14 88 n 479 n 9 10336780 Downstream at Daily average 10 1 60 9 30 08 Daily average 10 1 73 Grab samples Martin Ave Grab samples 11 9 73 6 28 02 9 30 88 11 9 73 5 14 88 n 129 Grab samples 11 9 73 n 109 6 28 02 n 113 n 476 n 49 10336778 Cold Creek at Daily average 6 26 01 9 30 03 Grab samples 8 24 89 No grab samples Pioneer Trail Grab samples 8 24 89 10 7 04 6 4 03 n 2 n 8 Because Cold Creek joins Trout Creek within the study area no single USGS discharge value is representative of the 10336790 Downstream at Daily average 10 1 71 9 30 92 Grab samples 3 4 72 Grab samples Lake Tahoe Blvd Grab samples 3 4 72 9 3 08 9 3 08 n 459 3 4 72 5 21 08 entire reach Therefore we will consider both gage 10336780 and gage 10336775 to determine flooding probability suspended sediment load and fine sediment load Gage 10336790 downstream on Trout Creek and gage 10336778 upstream o
22. EEEE EENE 7 Protocol G Cross Section NNN 8 Protocol H In Situ LevelTroll Barotroll Download Procedure rarrnnrannnvnnnnnnvnnnnnvennnnvnnnnnnnnnnunennnunenenenene 9 Protocol I YSI Turbidity Probe Operation and Download rrrrurnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnvnnnnnnnnnrnnnnrnnnnnnnnnennnnvnnnnsenne 10 Appendix B Field Datasheets ascitis B1 Appendix C WETLAB Standard Operating Procedures rrrurrnnnnrnnnnrnnnnnnnnnnrnnnnennnnennnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnene C1 Appendix D TAC Meeting March 18 2010 Meeting Report rrrrnnrnnnrnnnnvrnnnnrrnnnnrnnnnrrnnnernnnnrnnsnn D1 2NDNATURE LLC 500 Seabright Avenue Suite 205 Santa Cruz CA 95062 p 831 426 9119 w 2ndnaturellc com Quantification and Characterization of Trout Creek Restoration Effectiveness Focused Development of a Stream Load Reduction Methodology SLRT Final Characterization Plan p ii 1 Research Products and Schedule serris minnan TEE CEEE 3 2 Summary of Methodologies to be Developed and or Assessed ooooooccncccccnccnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnaananancnnncnnncnnnonnnononnnnnnns 13 3 Summary of Acquired Data for Trout Creek rrrranrrnnnnnrrnnnnnrnnnnnnrnnnnnnernrnnnrnnnnnennnnnnennnnneennnnennnnnnnennnnnesennunenennnee 15 4 USGS Stream Gace Data SN NAN Jarnes rd 16 5 Floodplain Sediment Retention at Trout Creek rrrrrrrrnnnnrrnnnnnrrnnnnrrnnnnnerrnnnnnennnnnnnnnnnnennnnunsnnnnnnnnnnnnennnnesnennnnene 16 6 Channel Erosion Reduction at Trout Creek see 18 7 Total Sediment Load Reduction at Trout Creek
23. N A FILE g Rinse ORP probe in DI water and pat dry Put in pH7 solution and wait 30 60 seconds for stabilized readings and note reading on instrument log Should be 15 mV from 96mV 20 C 90mv 25 C 83mV 30 C h Rinse probe in DI and pat dry Put in pH4 solution and wait 30 60 for stabilized reading Note on log Reading should be between 170mV and 185mV higher than pH7 reading 2NDNATURE LLC 500 Seabright Avenue Suite 205 Santa Cruz CA 95062 p 831 426 9119 w 2ndnaturellc com Quantification and Characterization of Trout Creek Restoration Effectiveness Focused Development of a Stream Load Reduction Methodology SLRT Final Characterization Plan p A 12 i Ifthe readings are not within these ranges probe needs is coated and needs to be cleaned Start by gently cleaning with tissue cloth If that doesn t work it is going to involve soaking it in some solution known to dissolve whatever is coating the probe That will involve more research j If readings are within ranges probe is calibrated No need to change anything Double check that under Menu Run Discrete Sample it says Open a file If it says Close File choose that The instrument cannot run an unattended sample when a discrete file is open 2NDNATURE LLC 500 Seabright Avenue Suite 205 Santa Cruz CA 95062 p 831 426 9119 w 2ndnaturellc com Quantification and Characterization of Trout Creek Restoration Effectiveness Focused Development of a Stream Load Reduction Me
24. OCOL G CROSS SECTION SURVEYS Consult Map and or Table for cross section locations Cross Section Set Up For consistency have 0 be on the LB side Secure survey tape to both cross section endpoint monuments Check that the length of XS is consistent with Sampling Plan information Set up transit in location where it is possible to see entire cross section and benchmarks ES Surveying the Cross Section 1 Start at the cross section monument placing stadia rod on the top of the pin screw Make sure that the pin is secure and does not move up and down 2 From there get a reading at least every 1 include every break in slope Record all data points and notes in field notebook 3 Survey each edge of water and thalweg noting locations In the active channel readings every 3 4 are okay 5 Atthe locations of at grade passive sampler note cross section distance of edge of sampler then place the stadia in the center of the grate for a reading again noting cross section distance If the passive sampler is not directly on the cross section note the horizontal distance from the center of the grate to the survey tape 6 Include benchmark height in the survey 2NDNATURE LLC 500 Seabright Avenue Suite 205 Santa Cruz CA 95062 p 831 426 9119 w 2ndnaturellc com Quantification and Characterization of Trout Creek Restoration Effectiveness Focused Development of a Stream Load Reduction Methodology SLRT Final Characterizatio
25. Quantification Characterization of Trout Creek Restoration Effectiveness FINAL CHARACTERIZATION PLAN April 2010 t a p F y S o cn m 4 y d A gt A gt R Y iy 4 ha a gt s 4 pm a s De gr ie y f ag i o L x S tah ya a gt P e 2 ag e ry he A S f d p e p m AS I y a s ru y Er o y Le lt a gt Eg a y i G y Y d gt q f d V f la Y f i NN A 8 SN en Ka A 7 i ON bjt O Aneses gt OS l A i k p YN 2 aN SS wl y Peecke a q A A KN AN v AT Ny f 28 y Pa Per Luren ra 1 lt Es le AQ RE ecosystem science design IS E k D ap pT Ft SY MONS i A EARS KG Uy ES NN p Quantification and Characterization of Trout Creek Restoration Effectiveness Focused Development of a Stream Load Reduction Methodology SLRT Final Characterization Plan Quantification and Characterization of Trout Creek Restoration Effectiveness Focused Development of a Stream Load Reduction Methodology SLRT Final Characterization Plan produced by 2NDNATURE LLC Catherine Riihimaki 2ndnaturellc com criihimaki drew edu uk Environmental Incentives LLC River Run Consulting enviroincentives com mkiesse hughes net Environmental Incentives Y Technical Advisory Committee Craig Oehrli LTBMU Cyndie Walck CA Dept of Parks and Rec Scott Frazier
26. SLRT methodology to stream practitioners The development and analyses of this range of estimation techniques will allow a determination of the ability of these techniques to provide accurate precise results as the complexity of information needed to complete estimations increases The research will assess the cost and accuracy of each methodology and provide clear recommendations on the scenarios phase of restoration size of restoration scale of restoration potential application should SEZ restoration project water quality credits be available in the future etc for which level of complexity may be most appropriate The development and validation of SLRT methods will require synthesis and application of existing Trout Creek data obtained by others as well as detailed data collection by the 2NDNATURE team during the 2010 and 2011 water years Should resources remain due to lack of overbank flow conditions in WY2010 and WY 2011 the 2NDNATURE team may apply the existing CRAM riverine module to 2NDNATURE LLC 500 Seabright Avenue Suite 205 Santa Cruz CA 95062 p 831 426 9119 w 2ndnaturellc com Quantification and Characterization of Trout Creek Restoration Effectiveness Focused Development of a Stream Load Reduction Methodology SLRT Final Characterization Plan p 3 1 Evaluate the ability of CRAM to discern pre and post project effects 2 Evaluate the ability of CRAM to detect large differences in assumed disturbance and SEZ health CRAM s
27. TRPA SEZ Program Manager Scott Carroll CTC Hannah Schembri LRWQCB Matt Weld Waterways Consulting Jonathan Long USFS PSW This research was supported through a grant with the USDA Forest Service Pacific Southwest Research Station and using funds provided by the Bureau of Land Management through the sale of public lands as authorized by the Southern Nevada Public Land Management Act http www fs fed us psw partnerships tahoescience The views in this report are those of the authors and do not necessary reflect those of the USDA Forest Service Pacific Southwest Research Station or the USDI Bureau of Land Management April 2010 2NDNATURE LLC 500 Seabright Avenue Suite 205 Santa Cruz CA 95062 p 831 426 9119 w 2ndnaturellc com Quantification and Characterization of Trout Creek Restoration Effectiveness Focused Development of a Stream Load Reduction Methodology SLRT Final Characterization Plan p i TABLE OF CONTENTS STO TADOS NN ii bo ii CHAPTER LITO GUCUOM eee date 1 LER NNN 1 EZ Ra Sl OO Mr 2 TPM jr 3 LA Pollutants Oi NS 5 CHAPTER 2 SLRT Modeling Approach ccssscsossscscussscussscusscesescecusscuceseucusescussseusssecusssensseeaens 5 2 1 SERT Moden AN Pape 7 2 2 Floodplain Inundation ANd DepositiOn rrrarrnrnrnnnnrnnnnrrnnnrnnnnrnnnnrnnnnrnnnnnnnnnennnnnnnnnnnnnnennusnnnnsnnnnsnnnenennn 7 2 3 NVE SN 11 2 4 Assessment of Model Approaches rnnnnnnnnnnnnrnnnnnnnnnnnnrnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnennvnnennnnnnnnnnnnnnn
28. a manual start do not forget to start test before disconnecting d Once you ve convinced yourself that recording will happen click on the icon in the right corner to disconnect the instrument and exit Win Situ software 2NDNATURE LLC 500 Seabright Avenue Suite 205 Santa Cruz CA 95062 p 831 426 9119 w 2ndnaturellc com Quantification and Characterization of Trout Creek Restoration Effectiveness Focused Development of a Stream Load Reduction Methodology SLRT Final Characterization Plan p A 10 PROTOCOL I YSI TURBIDITY PROBE OPERATION AND DOWNLOAD Bring this equipment e Charged computer plus extra battery e Adapter port with 9 pin serial port e Instrument cable e AA batteries e DO membrane kit sanding disks membranes solution extra o rings e Pipe wrench to open casings e Fresh water calibration cup e A C adapter to run computer off car if necessary e Stadia rod or something to measure water depth e ORP Calibration Bag pH7 pH4 beakers quinhydrone wooden sticks e Extra O rings O ring lube e DI Water Tasks to do 1 Download data a Clean off instrument Remove debris organisms from around the probes Connect instrument to cable to computer Open Ecowatch if no response check cables change batteries in YSI Click on Sonde Icon At type menu Menu Status 4 Make sure logging status active battery not dead date time are correct Menu Run 1 Unattended Sample 2 Stop Logging
29. act that the post restoration shear stress acts on a longer channel which partially counteracts 2NDNATURE LLC 500 Seabright Avenue Suite 205 Santa Cruz CA 95062 p 831 426 9119 w 2ndnaturellc com Quantification and Characterization of Trout Creek Restoration Effectiveness Focused Development of a Stream Load Reduction Methodology SLRT Final Characterization Plan p 12 the effects of reducing the shear stress Assuming that the primary pre restoration channel erosion was from vertical erosion that led to channel entrenchment the total sediment reduction per year AF would then be l w e AE p Ar E4 pre where Wpre is the width of the channel pre restoration epre is the vertical erosion that caused channel entrenchment tpre is the time span over which the pre restoration incision occurred and p is the bulk density of the channel material The advantage of this approach is that it allows rapid calculation of the sediment load reduction as a result of reduced channel erosion without relying on parameters that can be difficult to quantify Disadvantages include 1 that it does not allow for changes in lithology particularly from armoring banks during restoration 2 that it does not distinguish between bank and bed erosion and 3 the precise rate of pre restoration erosion may be unknown Intermediate Approach The Simple Approach can be made more realistic by including water discharge data to determine water depth and the frequenc
30. archers we will install 15 2ft rebar sediment pins Figure 6 along 8 valley wide transects to ensure proper coverage of four targeted sites at the 2NDNATURE LLC 500 Seabright Avenue Suite 205 Santa Cruz CA 95062 p 831 426 9119 w 2ndnaturellc com Sediment Pin Pre inundation event Post inundation event newly accumulated sediment following overbank flow e Pins sunk 1 2 into ground to prevent issues due to scour e Pin locations and elevations are surveyed and fixed Following an inundation event height from pin head to floodplain surface z is measured Difference in height measurements z z is the depth of newly accumulated sediments due to overbank flow e Provides simple calculation of volume of floodplain sediment deposition upstream a Water discharge Suspended sediment concentration Time Time Water quality sampling Two types of data will be collected to document water quality effects of Trout Creek restoration Sediment pins top panel will be deployed in numerous locations across the floodplain Sediment accumulation will be surveyed if floodplain inundation occurs during the study period To develop a sediment budget for the study reach USGS gages will be used to document water discharge upstream and downstream while suspended sediment samples will be collected upstream and downstream of the restored reach including sampling of Cold Creek to document any reduction in sus
31. at all sediment transported by that water is deposited The advantage of this approach is that there are minimal data needs and therefore the tool is highly portable to different streams within the Tahoe basin However this calculation likely overestimates deposition for the range of discharges Qpre tO Qpost because it is unlikely that 100 of the sediment transported during an inundation event reaches the floodplain and that 100 of the sediment that reaches the floodplain is retained The calculation likely underestimates post project deposition at discharge values greater than Qpre Figure 3 bottom graph because it assumes no difference between deposition pre and post project at these discharge conditions Intermediate Approach The Simple Approach can be made more realistic by including a coefficient R that expresses the percent of sediment retained on the floodplain at different discharge conditions Figure 3 3 O pre AD D RSi E2 EO sos When the depth of water on the floodplain is small vegetation and topographic complexity will slow the water and allow sediment deposition However when the depth of water on the floodplain is large flow will be turbulent and deposition will be inhibited We propose that a method using rapid protocols can be used to estimate retention coefficients at different discharge conditions by incorporating the following characteristics of the floodplain e Floodplain area compared with discharge e Vegetatio
32. ation coverage A HEC GeoRAS model for pre and post project reach conditions will allow the calculation of water depth velocity and shear stress for a particular discharge conditions Floodplain deposition can then be related to depth velocity and or shear stress based on floodplain factors such as vegetation height and density A research group from UC Davis S Andrews pers comm is developing a similar 2D floodplain model for Trout Creek by modifying the BreZo flood simulation model available at http sanders eng uci edu brezo html The Complex Approach requires the same data as the Intermediate Approach plus x y z data that are not needed for the Simple and Intermediate Approaches from a model input requirements HEC RAS model development for cross sections of the channel is a common element of stream restoration design planning thus in most instances some key inputs for a HEC GeoRAS model would be available for past projects and would be collected for future projects However for previously completed projects pre project data may be incomplete for some complex models and for future projects post project data must be estimated based on the project design 2 3 STREAM CHANNEL EROSION As with modeling of floodplain deposition we present three different approaches varying in level of complexity and summarized in Figure 4 Simple Approach The simplest component of channel erosion of the SLRT can be implemented in a spreadsheet to det
33. ation and Average Cover f a l 2 Floodplain Vegetation Wildlife Habitat Frequency nr Julie Etra Western Community Condition Vegetation Data Enhancement E Relative Vegetation 2001 Botanicals Streambank Vegetation Project Baseline Cover used in i Community Condition Vegetation reporting baseline Report 2001 data in 2001 Effect of geomorphic Streamflow and canne Groundwater ean Christina Tague Scott ETEN 1999 2000 Channel Floodplain Data Valentine 2001 2004 Relationship groundwater in snowmelt dominated watershed Lt ke Channel Floodplain Topography Data Geomorphology GPS point data 1997 2008 4 Relationship Stephen Andrews Floodplain Vegetation Community Condition Aerial Images NAIP ICONOS USFS Images 1989 2002 Streambank Vegetation Community Condition Relevant attribute class indicated per the terms and definitions developed within the Riparian Ecosystem Restoration Effectiveness Framework 2NDNATURE 2010 Post project Pre project Geomorphic Monitoring Soil Data The U S Geological Survey USGS has long term stream gages upstream and downstream of the study site Those data summarized below Table 4 provide important data to calculate the frequency of particular water discharge magnitudes on Trout Creek and on the relationship between TSS and FSP loads and water discharge 2NDNATURE LLC 500 Seabright Avenue Suite 205 Santa Cruz CA 9506
34. butes include dominant vegetation vegetation height average and maximum vegetation density high moderate or low water retention depth peak flow indicators and sediment transport indicators The result of the floodplain deposition evaluations will include a map of the spatial distribution of floodplain deposits across each transect and a calculation of the sediment retention volume caused by the overbank conditions These data will then be used to systematically evaluate characteristics of the floodplain that tend to enhance sediment retention relative to other areas thereby improving our understanding of critical factors necessary to improve the assumptions and inputs to the SLRT California Rapid Assessment Module CRAM if completed The existing CRAM riverine module http www cramwetlands org will be applied to a selection of stream reaches within the Lake Tahoe Basin The 2NDNATURE team is familiar with CRAM and has a number of CRAM trained team members Trained 2NDNATURE personnel will be accompanied by Cara Clark of Moss Landing Marine Laboratory a CRAM trainer to perform the CRAM evaluations of the selected sites This will ensure valid CRAM results from the selected sites The two major goals of the pilot effort will be to evaluate the ability of CRAM to discern pre post project effects and evaluate the ability of CRAM to detect large differences in assumed disturbance and SEZ health The basic study design will include the follo
35. cores will be generated for pre and post restoration for at least 2 restored reaches based on the best available existing data and site visits The pre restoration site conditions will be recreated based on existing pre project data and the extensive personal knowledge of the project team The existing condition of up to 4 additional SEZ reaches will be evaluated by CRAM using trained field personnel The purpose of the CRAM evaluation of additional sites will be to place the results of Trout Creek into a regional context based on the evaluation of a small range of comparable low gradient fine grained substrate streams within the Lake Tahoe Basin The extent of the CRAM evaluations will be dependent upon available resources following the spring snow melt magnitude in 2010 and prioritization of the CRAM evaluation by the TAC members If completed the CRAM pilot study will be summarized in a standalone review of the CRAM results the limitations of the existing CRAM riverine module and the research team s recommendations to improve the application of CRAM on Lake Tahoe SEZs into the future Based on this proposed approach the research products and schedule are provided in Table 1 Table 1 Research Products and Schedule Contract initiation data 8 20 09 Task 1 Trout Creek Characterization Plan Date Due Obtain any applicable Trout Creek physical chemical and or biological data that 11 18 09 2NDNATURE may not have Draft Trout Creek Characteriza
36. dels assessed will include Table 2 Summary of methodologies to be developed and or assessed for SLRT recommendations EEE o Retention Channel Erosion 2N Intermediate Approach a Modified BreZo UC Davis Two fundamental questions that will be addressed are whether additional complexity and associated costs improves accuracy of the models and which types of field data are needed to implement and validate the models For each model we will assess e Cost and level of expertise necessary to implement the model e Performance of the model including validating the model results and assessing the types of output that the model produces e Parameters needed to implement the model and relative costs complexity to obtain e Parameters that model results are sensitive to e Appropriate uses of the model focusing on strengths and weaknesses of each approach A detailed assessment of each SLRT model will be a valuable product and will inform our recommendations on how to standardize how water quality benefits of stream restoration projects are estimated in context of the Lake Tahoe TMDL For Trout Creek model implementation requires compilation of data previously collected pre and post restoration and additional field data that the 2NDNATURE team will collect as part of this research project Model validation requires field samples and observations when floodplain inundation occurs It is possible that floodplain inundation will not
37. e result of streambank channel erosion inputs However there is a potentially significant opportunity to reduce long term FSP loading from urban stormwater when routed to functional SEZs The SLRT is intended to be a repeatable relatively accurate and cost effective methodology to estimate the potential pollutant load reductions expected from restoration of SEZ to more functional conditions While the pollutants of concern noted within the Lake Tahoe TMDL include total and dissolved nitrogen N and phosphorous P species as well as total suspended sediment TSS and FSP the initial version of the SLRT will be limited to the fate and transport of TSS and FSP only Due to some similarities in primary sources and sinks of sediment and nutrients within riparian systems the general model inputs and factors will likely apply but may need to expand to incorporate N and P estimates in future versions of the SLRT CHAPTER 2 SLRT MODELING APPROACH The SLRT will be a repeatable yet cost effective methodology to estimate the average annual pollutant load at the downstream reach of stream restoration project for both pre and post restoration conditions Water quality effectiveness of a stream restoration project defined as the expected pollutant load reduction as a result of restoration actions can be assessed as a function of 1 the storage of pollutants that would otherwise have reached downstream areas floodplain deposition and 2 the reduction in poll
38. er the probability of particular water discharge occurrence 3 and to separately model vertical incision and stream bank erosion 4 In the complex case a 2D model HEC geoRAS or CONCEPTS would calculate vertical and horizontal erosion for multiple cross sections thereby producing 2D erosion results 5 The cumulative water quality benefit is greatest at intermediate water discharge conditions bottom graph NUNATURE LIG TEL 831 426 9119 FAK 881 426 7082 CHANNEL EROSION MODEL COMPONENTS For SLT FIGURE 4 wuww 2ndnaturellc com Quantification and Characterization of Trout Creek Restoration Effectiveness Focused Development of a Stream Load Reduction Methodology SLRT Final Characterization Plan p 10 The net benefits to water quality from floodplain deposition 4D generated by the restoration project can be calculated as O pre AD gt St E1 i Q ast where S is the incoming TSS and FSP load for a given discharge and t is the expected amount of time that a given discharge occurs over the pre defined study period The discharge range considered is between the discharge value at channel capacity post project Qpost lower values are ignored because no inundation occurs pre nor post project to the discharge value at channel capacity pre project Qpre higher values are ignored because inundation occurs both pre and post project The simple approach assumes that all water in overbank conditions reaches the floodplain and th
39. ermine the decrease in the average shear stress acting on the channel from the restoration project This approach assumes that the amount of sediment generated from the channel via erosion is a direct function of shear stress cf Simon et al 2000 Shear stress 7 is defined as p gds where pw is the density of water g is the acceleration due to gravity d is the depth of water and s is the slope of the channel The following data are needed to determine the reduction in sediment inputs to the system from channel erosion as a result of restoration actions e Change in channel depth by lowering banks and or raising the bed during restoration generally assessed in the restoration planning and checked through channel cross section measurements Figure 4 1 e Change in channel slope by increasing the channel length during restoration generally assessed in the restoration planning and checked through channel longitudinal profile measurements Figure 4 2 The percent reduction in sediment generated by channel erosion can be estimated using the percent reduction in shear stress 47 acting on the channel d s l d s I Ar post post post pre pre pre E3 d s l pre pre pre where post Spost ANA lpost are the depth of water and slope and length of the channel post restoration and dpre Spre and lyre are the depth of water and slope and length of the channel pre restoration Including the terms lyre and lost accounts for the f
40. escribed above Lab quality control samples will include method blanks matrix spikes laboratory duplicates and external standards Table A 2 All sediment samples collected in the field will be submitted to Cooper Testing Laboratory for particle grain size distribution analysis Samples are submitted with the proper chain of custody forms see Appendix B A minimum mass of 50 grams approximately 30 mL is required for proper analysis The particle size analysis of soils ASTM D 422 63 includes a combination of sieves for particles gt 75um and a hydrometer particles lt 75um The resulting data is presented as the sample finer than the following approximate particle sizes 9 5mm 3 8in sieve 4 76mm sieve 4 1 00mm 50um 35um 23um 13um 9um and 6um Table A 1 Analytical Laboratory Sample Requirements per Analysis Type Tvpe Laborator Analvsis Analysis EEE Sel Borte Holding Preservation T Method Time Method Total Suspended On ice veras Toa Supended EPA img som Hore ms Particle Size Saturn Onie Water WETLab Distribution Digisizer lt 600ml HDPE 28 days 4 C PSD 5200 Particle Size Distribution PSD Cooper Sediment i Testing Table A 2 Type and frequency of QA QC samples Sample Type Sample Frequency Field Blank One per event hold for analysis pending analytical results Composite Replicate One per event per 3 sites rotate sampling site Method Blank One per event rotate
41. estoration Effectiveness Focused Development of a Stream Load Reduction Methodology SLRT Final Characterization Plan p 18 This is equivalent to an additional 0 5 mm yr of sediment accumulation across the entire floodplain of the restored reach 2000 m long and 150 m wide This estimate is consistent with total sedimentation rates of 0 5 2 mm yr determined from soil cores of Trout Creek s downstream marsh and of Pope Marsh to the west cf Stubblefield et al 2006 In order to implement the proposed Intermediate Approach SLRT for floodplain deposition we would incorporate measurements of floodplain area roughness and soil type to establish a sediment retention parameter that would allow us to calculate the percent of this sediment that is retained on the floodplain We also need to obtain FSP data from a variety of stream discharge conditions within Trout Creek to better inform our assumptions of generation fate and transport of sediment particles finer than 16 um For channel erosion the existing Trout Creek data allow an initial estimate of the reduction in shear stress needed in the Simple Approach model Equations 3 and 4 A calculation of the change in shear stress pre to post project within the channel given measurements of pre and post project changes in channel slope and depth provides an estimate of potential changes in sediment production from channel erosion Given a pre project water depth of 2 mat channel capacity a sl
42. ey floodplain and channel conditions pebble counts pool riffle info soil data and constraints on the relationship between water discharge and stage TSS and FSP The majority of data obtained represents post restoration conditions We currently believe that the most relevant existing data with respect to the SLRT development are e Calculations of pre and post restoration probability of overbank flow during project design phase Haen Engineering 1998 e Pre project topography and cross sections HydroScience and Swanson Hydrology Geomorphology 1997 e Pre project characteristics of stream channel and floodplain Haen Engineering 1998 e Post project floodplain topography Stephen Andrews unpublished data 2008 e Post project characteristics of stream channel Swanson Hydrology Geomorphology 2004 e Post project characteristics of floodplain Tague et al 2008 e Post project calculations of channel erosion using CONCEPTS E Langendoen pers comm e The relevant USGS streamflow and water quality data available for Trout Creek gauging stations Table 4 To build upon existing data 2NDNATURE data collection will include repeat channel cross sections continuous stage measurements to document extent duration and frequency of post project overbank flow measurements of floodplain sedimentation during overbank events measurements of upstream and downstream water quality during overbank events and standardized observations of
43. f flows sampled and those remaining throughout the targeted snow melt events All 3 locations should be sampled on each sampling date within 1 5 hours of arriving at the first site in this order e Trout Creek at Pioneer Trail TCPT e Cold Creek at Pioneer Trail CCPT e Trout Creek at Martin Ave TCMA Triplicates will be collected every 3rd sampling effort The site where triplicates will be collected should rotate each time triplicates are collected in sequential order 2NDNATURE and CTC will coordinate triplicate collection Sampling Bring this equipment into the field e 6clean 2L HDPE bottles with blank labels e Sharpies and Ballpoint pens e Digital camera e Surface Sampler e Cooler with ice e Trout Creek Grab Water Sample field datasheet Appendix B e Chain of custody forms Appendix B e Protocol C Surface Water Grab Sample this sheet e Protocol B Water and Sediment Sample Labels 1 Sample Collection a Arrive at site TCPT b Record USGS staff plate reading c Take 3 photos of the stream Repeat in same location each visit d Secure a clean 2L HDPE bottle to the end of the surface sampler using the radiator clamps 2NDNATURE LLC 500 Seabright Avenue Suite 205 Santa Cruz CA 95062 p 831 426 9119 w 2ndnaturellc com Quantification and Characterization of Trout Creek Restoration Effectiveness Focused Development of a Stream Load Reduction Methodology SLRT Final Characterization Plan p A 4 e Rinse bottle 3 ti
44. f sediment sequestered on the floodplain or produced by channel erosion depends on factors that reflect the physical and biogeochemical processes acting on the total and fine lt 16 um sediment Water elevation and floodplain inundation TSS and FSP load input to reach HEC RAS HEC geoRAS stage re water quality mms Floodplain retention or bypass of TSS FSP load water quality mmts sediment pins surveys TSS and FSP load output from reach water quality mmts General structure of SLRT models field measurements of water quality and channel and floodplain characteristics blue constrain calculations of floodplain inundation channel erosion and floodplain deposition green Information and or data needed to validate and improve calculations are noted in green boxes within parentheses The difference between sediment load inputs and outputs represents the water quality benefit of the reach Comparison of the output pre and post restoration indicates the net water quality benefits of the project NONATURE LLL TEL 831 426 9119 FAX 8831 426 7092 SLRT CONCEPTUAL MODELING APPROACH FIGURE 2 wuww 2ndnaturellc com Quantification and Characterization of Trout Creek Restoration Effectiveness Focused Development of a Stream Load Reduction Methodology SLRT Final Characterization Plan p 7 2 1 SLRT MODELING APPROACH OPTIONS Geomorphic modifications of incised channels in the Lake
45. floodplain Fine sediment lt 63 um retained Trout Creek status tonnes yr on floodplain tonnes yr Pre restoration Post restoration Pollutant Retention Benefit BBB 2NDNATURE LLC 500 Seabright Avenue Suite 205 Santa Cruz CA 95062 p 831 426 9119 w 2ndnaturellc com AGS GYINDISIG 35 00 30 00 25 00 2 20 00 Q 15 00 I 0 00 SV SV SV 40 KO KO KO KO O O A0 40 40 KO XO KO O gt op P S K O yp AS P aS amp op P RS gt NON NN YW Y YY OW DW DW BW KY WwW RK Discharge cfs gt 100 her E 10336775 3 100 10336780 B 10 2 c 80 ry O o 4 Y 9 E y 0 0014x1 8583 v 60 TRAR s 2 01 R 0 85289 g y pr 5 e 40 a A JV _ 001 gt oe g gt 0 pr m 10336775 G ee owi 10336780 5 R 0 20529 1 10 100 1000 O 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 Discharge cis Discharge cfs Sa e SD X IS QS Oo E lt I O m gt C S e o SS O DS SAIZ B Total 40 Ss z SS OC e ota Q r o N n Q Moy o u Q o a Fines lt 63um Q 3 O Tho E 30 E AT c 25 EA 20 z UTE 5 15 3 TT GET 0 lt Sy as KO KO KO KO KO KO KO KO 40 KO KO 40 40 KO 40 KG s KG ES ES Ke OS O O NS SV LC Q OD SAA SSA NONATURE LLC TEL 831 426 9119 FAH 831 426 7092 uwuwuw endnaturellc com Discharge cfs FIGURE 5 USGS STREAM GAGE DATA FOR TROUT CREEK Quantification and Characterization of Trout Creek R
46. floodplain inundation duration distribution and retention following overbank events 2NDNATURE LLC 500 Seabright Avenue Suite 205 Santa Cruz CA 95062 p 831 426 9119 w 2ndnaturellc com Quantification and Characterization of Trout Creek Restoration Effectiveness Focused Development of a Stream Load Reduction Methodology SLRT Final Characterization Plan p 21 e Measurement of floodplain sediment distribution deposition and retention distribution following overbank events Cross sections Cross sections exist but do not extend across the floodplain 2NDNATURE will utilize topographic mapping efforts by UC Davis researcher Stephen Andrews to collect valley wide cross sections in GIS to constrain channel and floodplain geometry We will also perform bank to bank cross section surveys to replicate historic cross section measurements where necessary within the project reach Because cross sections have been completed in 2008 for the Trout Creek study area E Langeodoen pers comm cross sections will only be repeated by the research team if high discharge events occur in 2010 2011 Channel and floodplain characteristics Particular attention will be made to determining repeatable methods to characterize the topographic roughness and other factors that enhance total and fine sediment retention on the floodplain Characteristics will include soil type horizontal and vertical vegetation density and distribution topographic complexity and other key c
47. for future relocating and label sediment pin with scheme outlined above Mark pins with colored flagging and spray paint e Using ruler yard stick stadia rod measure the distance from the top of the pin to the floodplain surface Be sure ruler does not sink into floodplain sediments f Record value in GPS data dictionary field datasheet along with other information such as date time field personnel pin ID GPS coordinates Note any additional field details as necessary 2NDNATURE LLC 500 Seabright Avenue Suite 205 Santa Cruz CA 95062 p 831 426 9119 w 2ndnaturellc com Quantification and Characterization of Trout Creek Restoration Effectiveness Focused Development of a Stream Load Reduction Methodology SLRT Final Characterization Plan p A 7 PROTOCOL F FLOODPLAIN TRANSECT SURVEY Transect measurements a Pre Field needs i Charge GPS device and upload data dictionary Trout_floodplain ddf b Transect measurements i Start transect on left valley benchmark ii Use GPS to establish and relocate sediment pins along each transect using field map and relocation information paces iii Sediment Pins 1 Check pins for possible disturbance Note any possible disturbances in field notebook but do not move pin unless you are unable to resurvey it at that time 2 Using ruler yard stick stadia rod measure the distance from the top of the pin to the floodplain surface on the left side Be sure ruler does not sink into floodplain sediment
48. from floodplain measurements to determine a retention coefficient that estimates the fraction of TSS and FSP load retained on the floodplain for different discharge conditions pre and post project 3 The retention coefficient is based on floodplain factors such as vegetation height and density floodplain area and topographic complexity The most complex case incorporates a model of 2D flow to determine specific areas inundated for different discharge conditions 4 We hypothesize that the primary E NONATURE LLC TEL 831426 9119 FAH B51426 D82 FLOODPLAIN DEPOSITION MODEL COMPONENTS FORSLRT FIGURE 3 wuww 2ndnaturellc com Ad GINDISIG T DN 2 e g pre restoration _ _ E D o a D ae 6 3 na 5 Y a r U p gt N O w N y uu Post F O I S Stor o 7 he tio E 4 a s a post restoration a s El i restoratjo gt E J Water discharge cfs Distance ft Water discharge cfs amount per time Sediment produced TSS and fines by channel erosion Water discharge cfs Channel erosion model Generation of total and fine sediment by erosion of the channel can be determined in the simplest case using changes in average channel water depth for a given discharge 1 from lowering bank heighs and or raising bed elevation and in channel gradient shown as changes in the longitudinal profile in 2 from increasing sinuosity The intermediate complexity case adds additional parameters to consid
49. ght Avenue Suite 205 Santa Cruz CA 95062 p 831 426 9119 w 2ndnaturellc com
50. h uses one dimensional modeling that can be implemented in a spreadsheet for the full range of possible discharge conditions while the most complex approach incorporates two dimensional modeling to predict the effects of individual discharge events 2 2 FLOODPLAIN INUNDATION AND DEPOSITION For all floodplain modeling approaches summarized in Figure 3 we hypothesize that floodplain deposition need only be assessed for a finite range of discharge values Low discharge events are irrelevant because they do not exceed the channel capacity of even the restored channel and thus the floodplain will not be inundated for either pre or post restoration conditions We suggest that the extremely high discharge events are not necessary to be modeled by the SLRT because they happen relatively infrequently and will overwhelm the floodplain s ability to retain water with little impact by restored channel floodplain morphology These events are likely to produce large sediment loads to downstream areas regardless of the restoration strategy that has been implemented Simple Approach The simplest floodplain component of the SLRT can be implemented in a spreadsheet using the following pieces of information to estimate water quality benefits of stream restoration e TSS and FSP samples at different discharge conditions available for many sites from U S Geological Survey stream gages available online at http waterdata usgs gov nwis e Minimum discharge estimate
51. haracteristics The floodplain evaluations will also be used to establish estimates of the critical depth that separates treated flow and bypass flow the stage above which volumes are no longer experiencing a water quality benefit following the Pollutant Load Reduction Model definition Northwest Hydraulic Consultants et al 2009 Channel observations will be based on the protocols and parameters outlined by the Rapid Geomorphic Assessments of stream channel conditions and identification of the dominant geomorphic processes extent of channel instabilities and stage of channel evolution Simon 2008 These observations will take place at channel cross sections that have been monitored since 2001 Stage recordings Three stage recorders Figure 1 were installed in September 2009 and will log stream stage on 30 minute intervals through spring 2011 Water quality measurements The USGS has collected grab samples upstream and downstream of the study area but sampling immediately downstream of the area ended in 2001 Table 4 2NDNATURE will follow USGS protocols available at http water usgs gov owg Fieldprocedures html to collect grab samples at the USGS sites during elevated stage conditions in an effort to sample a range of discharge conditions Samples will be submitted to WETLAB for TSS and grain size analysis 10 16 63 100 1000 um finer by mass per the analytical protocols outlined in Protocol A Ifinundation occurs upstream samples on
52. harge peaks Our approach is flexible and will rely upon cost effective instrumentation to be installed prior to spring conditions to save resources if overbank flow conditions do not occur However if flooding does occur efforts to obtain data using field observations and measurements grab sampling and GPS mapping will be intensive to ensure as much relevant data as possible is gained from the site during and following overbank conditions If spring 2010 results in a significant flooding event data collection resources may be exhausted to obtain valuable data and thus the potential evaluations in 2011 may be scaled accordingly The data collection parameters implemented to characterize Trout Creek will be a combination of e Simple measurements and standardized observations e Fluvial geomorphic topography and morphology characteristics and e A set of hydrologic and water quality measurements that are repeated numerous times either during or post floodplain inundation as appropriate Specific data needs are e Cross section surveys of the channel and floodplain e Qualitative observations of stream channel and floodplain characteristics including stratigraphy topographic complexity and vegetation coverage Water level stage records to ground truth HEC RAS modeling results e Measurements of water quality upstream and downstream of site using turbidity and grab sampling at a range of water discharge conditions and e Measurements of
53. harged batteries are 6 2 volts and last for 45 days of sampling at 30 minute intervals Use best judgment or if unsure change batteries b Check Menu Status Battery Level to make sure new batteries are not duds 7 Check all O rings sensor probes battery compartment a Clean off any excess dirt with Kim wipe paper towel etc b Check o rings for nicks scrapes damage c If o ring needs to be replaced b c of damage or excess dirt make sure new o ring is clean Apply small amount of lube to all of o ring and then put on new o ring Apply a small amount of lube to outside of o ring Make sure your hands are relatively clean during all of this 8 Check ORP data on 600XLM a If data looks to be changing erratically or is inconsistent with DO numbers if site is consistently anoxic ORP values should be decreasing to negative values should not be doing that if oxygen is present ORP should be recalibrated b You ll need the ORP calibration bag with pH4 and pH7 standard buffers quinhydrone long wooden sticks DI water and 3 plastic beakers c Fill one beaker with DI water fill another with 0 5 oz pH7 third with 0 5 oz pH4 To both pH solutions add quinhydrone Use wooden stick to collect as much quinhydrone that will stay on 25 inch of stick e Stir quinhydrone into solution Small amount MUST stay undissolved add more until this happens f Goto Menu Run Discrete Sample Start Sampling DO NOT OPE
54. itional data 3 The research team will provide the TAC with a status update of data obtained and resources remaining in November 2010 and provide recommendations on WY2011 data collection strategy as well as the potential for CRAM evaluations in 2011 4 Additional next steps were presented in the following slide updated since meeting E Trout Creek Characterization Plan Future Steps 2010 TAC e Submit any further comments on Char Plan March 26 Project Team Revise Characterization Plan April Deploy field instrumentation on Trout Creek April May Collect spring runoff data May June Check resource status with TAC November 2011 Collect spring runoff data Analyze existing and new data Refine SLRT Methods Complete CRAM field evaluations Draft main deliverables April July August September December 2012 TAC Meeting 2 January Revise deliverables February ANDMA IURE ecosystem science design SLRT Methods Development 1 TAC members asked if the SLRT methodology will address streams of higher gradient than Trout Creek such as Ward and General Creeks The research team believes that the methodologies will likely be adaptable to different fluvial geomorphic settings regardless of geologic differences 2 Itis important to be sure that bank stability enhancements are understood to allow for channel movement and erosion representative of pre settlement processes This is in contrast to considering it a strict
55. k Characterization NE AS Incentives TAC Meeting f1 Date March 18 2010 ecosystem science design Time 9 00am 12 00pm Location Lahontan Main Conference Room Craig Oehrli Theresa Loupe NA LTBMU Cyndie Walck CA Parks Hannah Schembri Bob Larsen Lahontan Matt Weld NA Waterways Scott Carroll CTC Scott Frazier TRPA Jonathan Long Correspondence List PSW Stan Hill NA CSLT Jason Kuchnicki NA NDEP Jack Landy EPA Matt Kiesse River Run Catherine Riihimaki Drew University Nicole Beck Brian Spear 2N Jeremy Sokulsky Environmental Incentives El NA Not Attending Facilitator Chad Praul EI MEETING OBJECTIVES 1 Ensure TAC understanding of research scope timing and intended products 2 Improve research team awareness of TAC needs from this study 3 Gain specific feedback on a Research scope and objectives b Stream Load Reduction Tool SLRT c Trout Creek Data Collection Strategy CONTENT Content presented at the meeting is available as a pdf on the project file sharing site at http 2ndnature centraldesktop com 2nfilesharing doc 5277931 w SirttroutCreek DECISIONS 1 The TAC agreed with the three objectives of the research and prioritization of those objectives based on the opportunity to collect over bank flows during spring snowmelt runoff 7 of 7 TAC members voting to agree The objectives as presented in the meeting in order of priority were Research Objectives a
56. me must exceed 30 mL for particle size distribution analysis Attempt to remove obvious debris and vegetation litter while maintaining sediment integrity d Label sediment grab sample according to protocols below Store and deliver sample for analysis according to Protocol A 2NDNATURE LLC 500 Seabright Avenue Suite 205 Santa Cruz CA 95062 p 831 426 9119 w 2ndnaturellc com Quantification and Characterization of Trout Creek Restoration Effectiveness Focused Development of a Stream Load Reduction Methodology SLRT Final Characterization Plan p A 6 PROTOCOL E FLOODPLAIN TRANSECT SETUP Installation of 8 transects with 15 pins 120 pins total 1 In office a Determine locations of desired 8 transects and calculate total length using GIS or map interpretation b Determine general sediment pin locations along transect by dividing 15 pins by total length of transect c Apply a transect ID starting with the most Southern transect as T1 and increase northward up to T8 d Apply a pin ID starting with the most leftward pin as 1 and increasing along transect These will be labeled in the field as TRANSECT ID PIN ID ex T1 1 2 Infield a Install left transect benchmark at desired location b Locate sediment pin location using the pacing determined in the office c At specified location insert rebar stake halfway into floodplain keeping the pin as close to vertical as possible d Use GPS to capture precise coordinates
57. mes with undisturbed water 5 ft downstream of the sampling site f Extend the sampler to its full length g Carefully place sampler into the streamflow as close to the location of the turbidity probe as flows will allow without disturbing probe Position opening of bottle upside down and quickly move bottle as close to turbidity probe as possible Turn bottle opening upstream careful not to disturb turbidity probe h When bottle is filled turn bottle so that it is upright and slowly pull sampler back to the bank Note Once the sampler is full the pole becomes less steady Take care not to lose sampler 2 Cap Sample a Immediately cap the bottle upon retrieval at bank b Loosen radiator clamps and remove bottle c Dry off bottle and label it according to Protocol B d Complete Trout Creek Grab Water Sample datasheet Appendix B before leaving site e Place sample s in cooler on ice f Goto next site and repeat Return to office 1 Complete chain of custody forms Appendix B Field Datasheets 2 Place samples in office refrigerator 2 6 C if to be held overnight 3 Transfer sample to WETLAB a Coordinate with Western Environmental Testing Laboratory WETLAB to have samples picked up within 5 days of collection As of April 2010 WETLAB picks up samples in South Lake Tahoe on Tuesdays and some Wednesdays Set a schedule with WETLAB to insure sample collection is predictable and seamless e WETLAB Sparks Office 475 E Greg St Suite 119
58. n Cold Creek may provide additional constraints 3 2 INITIAL SIMPLE APPROACH SLRT CALCULATION The proposed SLRT simple approach can actually be applied to Trout Creek using existing data to provide an estimate of the average annual total and fine sediment lt 63 um as a result of the restoration Note that the USGS gage does not include fine sediment particle data for Trout Creek lt 16 um From USGS data we can provide initial estimates of the water quality benefits of the Trout Creek restoration project following the Simple Approach methodology outlined above Equation 1 For floodplain deposition the data allow us to determine the probability of daily discharge to exceed bankfull conditions the sediment load values at different discharge conditions and the fine sediment lt 63 um values as a function of water discharge Figure 5 By adding the sediment load for discharge values greater than bankfull discharge these data allow us an evaluation of the maximum suspended sediment that can be deposited on the floodplain Given the daily probability of overbank flow pre project of 0 75 and post project of 9 Haen Engineering 1998 the corresponding TSS and fine sediment lt 63 um values from USGS data we calculate the average annual delivery of suspended sediment to the floodplain is presented in Table 5 Table 5 Floodplain sediment retention benefit for Trout Creek restored reach using the simple SLRT approach TSS retained on
59. n Plan p A 9 PROTOCOL H IN SITU LEVELTROLL BAROTROLL DOWNLOAD PROCEDURE Bring this equipment e Charged computer with extra battery e Extra adaptor port with 9 pin serial port e Instrument cable e A C adapter to run computer off car if necessary e Wrench w warm water during winter Tasks to do 1 Download data a Clean off instrument Remove debris organisms from around the probes b Connect instrument to cable to computer c Open Win Situ 5 Software if no response check cables assuring there is a tight connection with the computer d If device is still not connecting click on Preferences on the top toolbar and select Comm Settings Select 9600 Baud rate and then click ok The instrument should connect at this Baud rate Once the connection between the computer and instrument is made change the Baud rate back to 57600 e Instrument should appear under connection In bottom right corner the two plugs inserted into each other indicates a connection f Click on Logging icon second from left Window will show active log indicated by an icon of a man jogging You must stop the active log in order to download the data Right click and select Stop Right click again and select Download choose to download all data g View data to assure that instrument was working correctly and collected data for the full duration and collected all the required parameters during the deployment h Downloaded data
60. n density and height e Topographic relief complexity and e Soil type the control on infiltration rate We hypothesize that when water is deeper than the topographic relief and vegetation height some fraction of the surface water introduced to the floodplain passes untreated to downstream areas Adding this complexity to the Simple Approach allows for different models for floodplains with differing characteristics like high grass and shrub distribution topographic complexity and the presence large woody debris that could increase floodplain sediment retention Different coefficients can be used for pre and post project conditions Unfortunately few data are currently available to adequately constrain the retention coefficient Complex Approach Two dimensional models of floodplain flow using a custom finite element methodology and or a publically available program like HEC GeoRAS provide the most realistic reconstruction of water flow across the 2NDNATURE LLC 500 Seabright Avenue Suite 205 Santa Cruz CA 95062 p 831 426 9119 w 2ndnaturellc com Quantification and Characterization of Trout Creek Restoration Effectiveness Focused Development of a Stream Load Reduction Methodology SLRT Final Characterization Plan p 11 floodplain and therefore offer 1 the potential to assess the role of floodplain channels to bypass the floodplain at lower than expected discharge values and 2 the possibility of considering non uniform roughness and veget
61. nnennvnnennnnnennnunsnnnnnee 13 CHAPTER 3 Trout Creek Case Study rannnnannnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnvnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnennnnernnnnennnnsnnnnennnnnennnnennnnnsnnnnseenn 13 3 1 Available Trout Creek Dita cimas pias 14 3 2 Initial Simple Approach SLRT Calculation rrrronnrnnanornnnnnrrnnnnrnnnnnrnnnnernnnnsennnnsvnnnnsvnnnnsvennnnsnnnnssnnnneeee 16 3 3 Assessment of Simple Approach SLRT Calculation rrrannnnrrnnnnnrnnnnnnnnnnnrnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnennnnnennnnnenne 19 CHAPTER 4 Data Collection Strategy ooccconccncncnncnannnonannnonanonacononcnnonanononannnnarnnnnrononccnnnnrcnonaninos 20 E o Pe O EOS 20 4 2 Data Management rrernasnnsnnrnnsnnnvnnvnnvnnvnnvnnsnnsnnsnnnvnnvnnvnnvnnsnnsnnsnnsvnnvnnennsnnsnnsnnsnnsnnnennennennsnnsnnsnnsnnseneenee 23 CHAPTER NE 24 Appendix A POONA 1 Protocol A Sample Analyses and Delivery r rarnaraonannarnnnnnernnnennnnnnnnnnnnnnrnnnnnnnnnnnunernnnernennnnnnernnnernenennennnnene 1 Protocol B Water and sediment Sample Labels rrnrannnnnnnnnnrnnnnrnnnnrnnnnrnnnnrnnnnnnnnnennnnnnnnnnnnnennnnnnnnunnnnnsnnnnene 2 Protocol C Surface Water Grab Sample arrnnnnrnnnnnrnnrnnnnnnnnnrnnnnnrnnnnnrnnvnnennnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnenevnnennnnnnnnnnnsnnnnnee 3 protocol D Sediment Grab Sample rrwrannnnurnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnrnnnnnnnnnennnnnnnnnennnnnnnunnnnunennunnnnunnnnnsnnnnsnennennnnsnennene 5 Protocol E Floodplain Transect Setup sausen E EEEE E 6 Protocol F Floodplain TransectSUIVEVcisasiondiar iii r AEE EE E E
62. ope of 0 003 and a length of 2700 m and a post project water depth of 1 m at channel capacity a slope of 0 002 and a length of 3400 m we calculate a decrease in the average shear stress of 50 as a result of the restoration project Channel erosion rates pre project are difficult to estimate precisely but reasonable values estimated from the restoration design documentation Haen Engineering 1998 are a channel length of 2700 m channel width of 5 m and vertical incision of 1 m over 150 years Assuming a bulk density of 2000 kg m and 30 fines lt 63 um E Langendoen unpublished data we find that average annual sediment production by channel erosion is presented in Table 6 Table 6 Stream channel sediment generation reduction for Trout Creek restored reach using the simple SLRT approach TSS generated from channel Fine sediment lt 63 um generated Trout Creek status erosion tonnes yr from channel erosion tonnes yr 55 Post restoration A 12 Pollutant Source Reduction GN In order to implement the proposed Intermediate Approach SLRT for floodplain deposition we would incorporate the full distribution of water discharge conditions observed the relationship between depth and water discharge pre and post project and separate parameters for stream bank and bed erosion based on channel and bank properties Combining both increased floodplain retention and decrease channel erosion estimates results in the overall average
63. orn the probe needs to be serviced 2NDNATURE LLC 500 Seabright Avenue Suite 205 Santa Cruz CA 95062 p 831 426 9119 w 2ndnaturellc com Quantification and Characterization of Trout Creek Restoration Effectiveness Focused Development of a Stream Load Reduction Methodology SLRT Final Characterization Plan p A 11 c Remove membrane Using sanding disk scrape off grime always sand in parallel direction to gold stripe d Rinse off with solution add solution to probe reapply new membrane and o ring avoiding air bubbles under membrane This is a pain good luck e Now you have to re calibrate it Probe is supposed to equilibrate in oxygen saturated water for 10 minutes before calibration but it is fine to keep it in air to calibrate Menu Calibrate 2 DO 2 Follow instructions Want the DO value to stabilize before hitting enter 5 Check depth readings a Use stadia rod to measure water depth at site installation b Check depth data from downloaded file Should be comparable to stadia rod measurement Log both stadia depth and instrument reading c Always calibrate depth after download Menu Calibrate Depth Follow instructions Usually calibrate it out of water at O ft depth so it knows what atmospheric pressure is Want the depth value to stabilize before hitting enter 6 Check battery level a At Menu Status Battery Level make sure battery voltage will last until next site visit Fully c
64. ossible gap in knowledge for many streams because USGS samples are commonly analyzed for fines lt 63 um whereas FSP is defined as fines lt 16 um Likewise the FSP concentration of bank and channel materials must be constrained for accurate calculation of the contribution to the FSP load by channel erosion Field samples should be able to fill any FSP data gaps Finally the channel erosion reduction depends on knowledge of the pre project erosion rate which may be unknown or may have varied historically Appropriate uses of the model Given the relatively simple implementation and direct calculation of water quality benefits we recommend that the Simple Approach be applicable in two contexts initial planning when prioritizing projects based on expected water quality benefit and initial comparison of the long term sediment load reduction versus short term environmental impacts of stream restoration SLRT validation may demonstrate that the Simple Approach produces sufficiently accurate results to be applied more broadly However we currently consider the Simple Approach as a back of the envelop calculation and recommend that it be used in contexts when order of magnitude precision is appropriate 2NDNATURE LLC 500 Seabright Avenue Suite 205 Santa Cruz CA 95062 p 831 426 9119 w 2ndnaturellc com Quantification and Characterization of Trout Creek Restoration Effectiveness Focused Development of a Stream Load Reduction Methodology SLRT Final Cha
65. ound 9 SNPMLA research grant The 2NDNATURE team wants to build upon the previous efforts fill any remaining applied research gaps intended by the Round 9 funding and remain flexible to ensure available resources are expended in the most appropriate and efficient manner given existing needs and constraints The TAC members who advised the Round 8 Framework efforts will serve as the Round 9 TAC to maintain consistency and most effectively address practitioner agency and programmatic research needs given available resources Given discussions feedback and current priority issues facing stream restoration in the Lake Tahoe Basin the research team recommends the research focus on the following products in order of priority 1 Arecommended methodology to estimate pollutant load reduction on an average annual basis as a result of stream environment zone SEZ restoration 2 Site specific data collection during spring peak flow conditions in Trout Creek to inform the assumptions and algorithms of the methodology 3 Pilot study to evaluate the potential use of CRAM in evaluation of SEZ restoration projects and SEZ assessment in the Tahoe Basin The research effort will focus primarily on the development implementation and analysis of a range of techniques to estimate the sediment load reduction benefits of stream restoration projects These techniques have varying levels of complexity in the components necessary to provide a Stream Load Reduction Tool
66. pended sediment and water through floodplain retention bottom panel E NONATURE LLL TEL 831426 9119 PAR 8314267082 FLOODPLAIN AND WATER SAMPLING FIGURE 6 wuww 2ndnaturellc com Ad GINDISIG Quantification and Characterization of Trout Creek Restoration Effectiveness Focused Development of a Stream Load Reduction Methodology SLRT Final Characterization Plan p 23 upstream end of the study area upstream of the Cold Creek confluence downstream of the Cold Creek confluence and at the downstream end of the study area Transects will align with existing cross sections within the project reach The pins will be placed when lake level snow has receded but upper elevation snowmelt has yet to peak Pins will placed at equal intervals across each transect and locations identified using GPS and will demark future observation locations Intensive field evaluations of the floodplain will ensue if overbank flow occurs during the spring 2010 snow melt Immediately following floodwater recession sediment pins will be re located and changes in grade elevations will be measured and recorded Grab sediment samples will be collected from newly deposited sediment and submitted to the laboratory for grain size distribution analysis as appropriate Field personnel will conduct systematic surveys of the 8 transects by recording attributes that effect floodplain sediment distribution that are within a 5 foot radius of each sediment pin These attri
67. racterization Plan p 20 CHAPTER 4 DATA COLLECTION STRATEGY 4 1 GENERAL APPROACH Our initial estimates for the Simple Approach provide important scaling of the water quality benefit of the restoration project The research team suspects that a version of the Intermediate or Complex Approaches presented will improve our confidence in estimates of sediment load reduction benefits of stream restoration projects but more data are needed for model implementation and validation Using the available resources the research team will complete the following data collection efforts in WY2010 and WY2011 within the Trout Creek reach e Floodplain characterization to develop a reasonable approach to estimate a retention coefficient for TSS and FSP delivered to the floodplain e Upstream and downstream measurements of TSS and FSP load during spring snowmelt to improve the current sediment budget for the restored reach e Repeat channel cross sections to document channel erosion and bank properties to improve our ability to estimate sediment generation from channel erosion The goal of the field research is to characterize current conditions of the Trout Creek channel and floodplain and to provide sampling constraints on floodplain deposition and channel erosion The data collection success will be inherently limited by the hydrologic conditions in the upcoming water years and the actual occurrence of overbank conditions at Trout Creek during the spring disc
68. s 3 Record value in GPS data dictionary field datasheet noting date time field personnel pin ID etc Note any field details as necessary iv Floodplain Characteristics 1 Using the GPS data dictionary file estimate the following parameters within a 10 ft radius of sediment pin o Dominant vegetation type i e none grass forbs sedge juncus willow Vegetation density high moderate low Vegetation height average Vegetation height maximum Water retention depth if standing water Maximum flow indicator height above ground i e grass on willow branches O O O O O Y Sediment indicator height above ground i e sediment stain on vegetation stalk V If new sediment is present collect a sediment sample as outline in Protocol D vi Verify all pins within transect were relocated Then continue to next transect c Data Download i Download GPS data using Trimble GPS Pathfinder Office software ii Correct GPS locations iii Export to GIS shapefile following the naming scheme Trout_YYMMDD shp d Data Management i Data exported to GIS can be used to store data spatially ii Table can be exported from GIS to be imported to project database 2NDNATURE LLC 500 Seabright Avenue Suite 205 Santa Cruz CA 95062 p 831 426 9119 w 2ndnaturellc com Quantification and Characterization of Trout Creek Restoration Effectiveness Focused Development of a Stream Load Reduction Methodology SLRT Final Characterization Plan p A 8 PROT
69. s for floodplain inundation pre and post restoration reach conditions generally determined during restoration planning and e Discharge measurements to determine probability i e frequency of different discharge conditions occurring can be determined from a histogram of discharge values from U S Geological Survey stream gages available online at http waterdata usgs gov nwis 2NDNATURE LLC 500 Seabright Avenue Suite 205 Santa Cruz CA 95062 p 831 426 9119 w 2ndnaturellc com Ad GINDISIG TSS and FSP load tonnes day Frequency of occurrence days Water discharge cfs Water discharge cfs post restoration to be determined by stream and floodplain measurements Retention coefficient Cr Floodplain area flooded hectares Water discharge cfs Water discharge cfs Q 2 NE E a E E O O oe os O ww 0 bp OS O O vu OC Oo O O O 7 OD o O SS ci Q o 3 J o 28n C pa S O Y S oOo and FSP retained on floodplain tonnes year o 0 post pre Average annual sediment TSS Water discharge cfs Floodplain deposition model Deposition on the floodplain for total and fine sediment can be determined in the simplest case using water quality 1 and water discharge data 2 to determine the amount of sediment transported during discharge conditions with inundation post project but not pre project The model can be made more complex by incorporating additional data
70. s of native riparian plants Haen Engineering 1998 Impacts to streamflow and groundwater as a result of the restoration project was studied by Tague et al 2008 however improvements to water quality have not been systematically assessed to determine if the restoration project has accomplished pre project goals 3 1 AVAILABLE TROUT CREEK DATA This document summarizes the proposed approaches to the SLRT model thereby identifying specific data requirements from Trout Creek to serve as the case study This SLRT model will provide an estimate of water quality benefits from the Trout Creek restoration project It will also demonstrate methods to determine water quality impacts of future stream restoration projects including specific recommendations for the type of data to collect pre and post project to constrain the SLRT model Meeting research objectives require a compilation of a variety of existing and future data from the restored reach of Trout Creek The research will include integration of existing pre and post project data obtained from the restored reach by others specifically from Trout Creek as well as data generated over the 2010 and 2011 water years by the 2NDNATURE team The 2NDNATURE team is continuing to obtain and compile existing datasets and sources The current list of data and sources obtained is outlined in Table 3 We have begun to compile and mine existing data for historic cross sections cross section data bankfull surv
71. sampling site Matrix Spike One per run for each analyte Analytic Duplicate One per run for each analyte Analytic Blank One per run for each analyte External Standard One per run for each analyte 2NDNATURE LLC 500 Seabright Avenue Suite 205 Santa Cruz CA 95062 p 831 426 9119 w 2ndnaturellc com Quantification and Characterization of Trout Creek Restoration Effectiveness Focused Development of a Stream Load Reduction Methodology SLRT Final Characterization Plan p A 2 PROTOCOL B WATER AND SEDIMENT SAMPLE LABELS All samples submitted to the appropriate laboratory must be clearly and consistently labeled to ensure no data is lost due to poor sample handling All samples collected must be labeled with the following information The same information must be simultaneously entered onto the chain of custody to ensure reliable sample tracking Sample Labeling Example Site Location A Site Location Trout Ck at Martin Ave Sample Type B Sample Type SFC Rep ft C Rep Date D Date 041510 Time collected E Time collected 1400 Example label indicates a surface water grab sample was taken by at the USGS gage on Trout Creek at Martin Ave May 15 2010 at 14 00 A Site location refer to Figure 1 Surface Water Floodplain Sediments Trout Ck at PT Pioneer Trail Sediment Pin ID Trout Ck at MA Martin Ave Cold Ck at PT Pioneer Trail B Sample Type SFC surface water grab sample SED floodplain sediment sample C Bottle or
72. sx Example troutcreek 20100613 SFC samples xIsx is for samples collected on June 13 2010 of Page Floodplain Transect Survey Date Time Personnel Notes Indicator Sa O Lo Retention Depth in Height in Dominant Veg Type Transect ID None grass forbs sedge juncus willow etc Page of CROSS SECTION SURVEYS XS LB Pin Distance Date RB Pin Distance Time XS Total Distance Personnel Benchmark ID Benchmark Height Start survey tape at left bank Elevation if Dist ft Height ft D ipti istance ft eight ft escription IN SITU WATER INSTRUMENT CHECKLIST PLEASE FILL OUT EVERY TIME INSTRUMENT IS SERVICED DOWNLOADED CHECKED ETC i Data Not Date Time Site Personnel Staff Plate Gage File Extracted OK Start otes l Mod Capacity Changed a Name Interva ode Time A A gt gt LL A RE EG MI E E A O SR AE FR E SE Al Ll ARS ECC A AR d e EE EE ee EE EE I IE ES IE A A E AA a E ft _f ___s EL PALO OOOO ELO E POSO ISO AO SS e e O IO O II IS IO E O E OOO OOOO OOO ee gt gt gt IO MU FU E ee eee 2 eee 2 IN A o EL ARRE ELO A o AS U oa a a e EN A A A ee a E O C ARA AI e A o lo e O ee ee e A e o eE a KE EN gt gt SE ee EE a ll o RAR gt gt E E LE E E AR AAA AAA POSO OOO AO IO ee NE eee eee eee POSO ISO AO O IO EE ION O II IO IO IES IO O O E pd ol PROL COOL CO C E C E we e EL A gt gt A LE POSO AOS gt OOOO ee ee O eee eee E IE A AA A VG EE
73. tants Geosyntec Consultants and 2NDNATURE 2009 PLRM model development document Prepared for Lake Tahoe Basin Storm Water Quality Improvement Committee South Lake Tahoe CA A complete users manual as well as full source code and other supporting documents can be downloaded from www tiims org Simon A 2008 Fine sediment loadings to Lake Tahoe Journal of American Water Resources Association v 44 p 618 639 doi 10 1111 j 1752 1688 2008 00188 x Simon A Curini A Darby S E and Langedoen E J 2000 Bank and near bank processes in an incised channel Geomorphology v 35 p 193 217 Stein E D Fetscher A E Clark R P Wiskind A Grenier J L Sutula M Collins J N and Grosso C 2009 Validation of a wetland rapid assessment method use of EPA s Level 1 2 3 framework for method testing and refinement Wetlands v 29 p 648 665 Stubblefield A P Escobar M I and Larsen E W 2006 Retention of suspended sediment and phosphorus on a freshwater delta South Lake Tahoe California Wetlands Ecology and Management v 14 p 287 302 doi 10 1007 s11273 005 1482 6 Swanson Hydrology Geomorphology 2004 Trout Creek Meadow Restoration 2001 2003 Geomorphic Monitoring December 7 2004 Swift T J Perez Losada J Schladow S G Reuter J L Jassby A D and Goldman C R 2006 Water clarity modeling in Lake Tahoe linking suspended matter characteristics to Secchi depth Aquatic Sciences v 68 p 1
74. the research contract and further refines the research team s approach to completing the intended research goals given available resources Based on discussions and written comments with the Research Technical Advisory Committee TAC members March 18 2010 the research team has narrowed the approach and specific deliverables to be provided under this contract given available resources Appendix D Based on the TAC feedback and prioritization the research team has revised the research goals and objectives To better reflect the priorities of the available resources the research title has been revised to Stream Load Reduction Tool SLRT Methodology Case Study Trout Creek Restored Reach Revised Goals 1 Provide detailed guidance on the recommended methods to quantify the water quality benefit of stream restoration in the Lake Tahoe Basin 2 Characterize the desired condition analog of a restored stream morphology and condition in the Lake Tahoe Basin Trout Creek by directly applying techniques developed by 2NDNATURE and others for Lake Tahoe streams Revised Objectives a Create and assess a range based on complexity of methods to quantify the total and fine sediment load reduction of stream restoration efforts in the Lake Tahoe Basin using Trout Creek as the case study b Compile and apply available data to inform the inputs and validate the outputs of Stream Load Reduction Tool SLRT estimates 2NDNATURE LLC 500 Seabright Aven
75. thodology SLRT Final Characterization Plan p A 13 PROTOCOL J TURBIDITY METER LAMOTTE 2020E Bring the Black LaMotte 2020e impact case Make sure it includes e LaMotte 2020e turbidity meter color grey e 0 0 NTU standard 60 ml bottle e 1 0 NTU standard 60 ml bottle e 10 0 NTU standard 60 ml bottle e Extra nine volt battery e 0 0 NTU sample tube of standard e 1 0 NTU sample tube of standard e Non cotton cleaning cloth e User Manual quick start guide and 0 1 NTU Testing Guide 1 Bring sample bottles back to lab from field Turbidity testing should occur immediately after returning from the field 2 Place turbidity meter in clean area where there is no potential to damage scratch glass tubes used for sampling Take field sample bottle from cooler gently shake and invert sample bottle 4 Carefully transfer sample from field bottle to sample tube Use the sample tube labeled high for samples projected to be gt 200 NTU and low for samples lt 200 NTU a Hold neck of sample tube with cloth be careful not the touch glass with fingers b Rinse sample tube with DI water Repeat 3 times c Pour sample water from field bottle into sample tube and back into field sample bottle Repeat 3 times d Hold neck of sample tube Dry sample tube with cloth 5 Analyze sample a Turn meter on meter should be calibrated with 1 NTU standard see user manual for calibration b Select measure c Select turbidity d Hold blank 0 0 NTU sample tube
76. tion Plan and present to TAC members 3 18 10 Revise and finalize Characterization Plan 4 18 10 Task 2 Trout Creek Characterization Detailed snow melt monitoring 2011 efforts will be conducted if resources remain April July and are not expended during 2010 efforts 2010 11 CRAM field evaluations if 2011 resources allow July 2011 Manage Database and data Task 3 Data Analysis and SLRT development Integrate all relevant existing hydrologic geomorphic and water quality data July 2011 Refine and analyze SLRT methodologies using existing data Quarterly progress reports invoicing 1 3 LOCATION OF RESEARCH Research and the SLRT modeling example will focus on the restored reach of Trout Creek bound by Pioneer Trail and Martin Avenue in South Lake Tahoe CA Figure 1 Existing and upcoming data collection funded under this research will be conducted within the restored reach and associated floodplain to inform modeling assumptions generate input values for the Trout reach and validate estimates to the extent practical 2NDNATURE LLC 500 Seabright Avenue Suite 205 Santa Cruz CA 95062 p 831 426 9119 w 2ndnaturellc com por Mee j Fide uses Gage 10336780 2 eN Lake Tahoe i S a NE JPioneerstrail hs a wt p AA ae 4 pe as vE de NONATURE FIGURE 1 Trout Creek geography and instrumentation site loca SE LLC tions 2NDNATURE stage recorders expected to be deployed from www 2ndnaturellc com June 2009 through June 201
77. tion of shear stress which can then be related to channel erosion as discussed above allowing more realistic modeling of channel erosion around meander bends Figure 4 5 As noted above we have begun to build a HEC GeoRAS model for the post restoration reach of Trout Creek to assess the strengths and limitations of HEC GeoRAS in assessing channel erosion Alternatively a CONservational Channel Evolution and Pollutant Transport System CONCEPTS model could be developed and has already been done to a limited extent for Trout Creek and other Tahoe streams by E Langendoen pers comm As with the Complex Approach for floodplain deposition the necessary data inputs can be overwhelming for projects with limited budgets and the data inputs for completed projects may be unobtainable for pre restoration conditions and for potential future projects must be estimated for post restoration conditions 2NDNATURE LLC 500 Seabright Avenue Suite 205 Santa Cruz CA 95062 p 831 426 9119 w 2ndnaturellc com Quantification and Characterization of Trout Creek Restoration Effectiveness Focused Development of a Stream Load Reduction Methodology SLRT Final Characterization Plan p 13 2 4 ASSESSMENT OF MODEL APPROACHES 2NDNATURE will develop examples of the SLRT for the range of approaches presented above producing two types of results 1 an estimate of the water quality benefits of Trout Creek restoration and 2 a comparison of the model approaches used The mo
78. ts of lab analyses will be submitted 2NDNATURE LLC 500 Seabright Avenue Suite 205 Santa Cruz CA 95062 p 831 426 9119 w 2ndnaturellc com Quantification and Characterization of Trout Creek Restoration Effectiveness Focused Development of a Stream Load Reduction Methodology SLRT Final Characterization Plan p 24 electronically by the laboratory checked for data quality and completeness verified against the chain of custody record and then entered into the database This database will be available on the 2NDNATURE ftp site ftp www 2ndnatureinc com 2ndnature and updated quarterly CHAPTER 5 REFERENCES 2NDNATURE 2008 Methodology to Predict Total and Fine Sediment Load Reductions as a Result of Channel Restoration in Lake Tahoe Streams Data Collection Sampling Plan February 1 2008 2NDNATURE 2010 Riparian Ecosystem Restoration Effectiveness Framework January 2010 Haen Engineering 1998 Trout Creek Watershed Enhancement Project Design Report February 1 1998 HydroScience and Swanson Hydrology Geomorphology 1997 Cold Creek Restoration Monitoring Evaluation unpublished report prepared for the California State Department of General Services Office of Project Development and Management and the California Tahoe Conservancy unpublished Lahontan Water Quality Control Board and Nevada Division of Environmental Protection 2009 Lake Tahoe Total Maximum Daily Load technical report June 2009 Northwest Hydraulic Consul
79. ue Suite 205 Santa Cruz CA 95062 p 831 426 9119 w 2ndnaturellc com Quantification and Characterization of Trout Creek Restoration Effectiveness Focused Development of a Stream Load Reduction Methodology SLRT Final Characterization Plan p 2 c Design and implement a detailed data collection effort from Trout Creek WY 2010 and 2011 to augment existing data and directly inform SLRT assumptions input parameters and validate results d If resources are available in WY 2011 apply the riverine module of California Rapid Assessment Methodology CRAM to Trout Creek and other sites as appropriate to test applicability of CRAM to discern pre and post restoration effects and detect differences in SEZ condition in the Lake Tahoe Basin The allocation of research funds will remain flexible given the unpredictability in the occurrence of overbank flow conditions during the research duration which is necessary to achieve the majority of Objective C The revised objectives are more specific and include the potential allocation of unused resources in WY2011 should overbank flows not occur Should resources remain in the research budget following spring snow melt 2011 the research team may implement efforts to meet Objective D The decisions will be made collectively with the research team and TAC in 2011 1 2 RESEARCH APPROACH The 2NDNATURE team recently completed the Riparian Restoration Evaluation and Effectiveness Framework 2NDNATURE 2010 funded by a R
80. utant generation via stability of the stream banks that would otherwise have eroded Figure 2 Thus the SLRT will allow for a load reduction estimate of a stream restoration effort by determining the expected difference in pollutant loading pre and post restoration actions Given the range of potential levels of complexity to model the two key processes above the ZNDNATURE team will develop implement and analyze a range of modeling approach options to inform the recommendations of the most appropriate water quality benefit estimation methods given cost complexity of model complexity of data input necessary for tool and the associated increase in precision and accuracy The final report will include details of the each of the modeling methodologies the load reduction estimates based for Trout Creek and recommendation of the appropriate SLRT methods to be used in the future for different scenarios 2NDNATURE LLC 500 Seabright Avenue Suite 205 Santa Cruz CA 95062 p 831 426 9119 w 2ndnaturellc com AGS GYINDISIG Sediment Load IN Sediment er Sediment deposition reach 7 reach Floodplain 0 65 Floodplain aff Channel erosion A To janne erosion ent Load our gt 1 Deposition pre restoration 2 Additional deposition post restoration Simplest conceptual model For a given stream reach transfer of mass water sediment is from the stream to the floodplain and of mass sediment from the banks to the stream The amount o
81. wing 1 CRAM will be applied pre and post project to at least 2 completed projects Pre conditions will be based on existing data sets topography vegetation surveys Trout Creek Angora Creek and Cookhouse Meadow are all possible restoration sites for evaluations By including other restoration projects the Trout CRAM results will be have more context 2 CRAM will also be applied to up to 4 other SEZs that have not been restored that represent a range of expected SEZ condition For instance low gradient fine substrate SEZs assumed to be highly disturbed Upper Truckee River and 2 SEZs thought to be relatively undisturbed Trout Creek upstream of project area Angora upstream of project area 4 2 DATA MANAGEMENT All data collected under this Characterization Plan will be managed in a digital Microsoft MS Access relational database 07 555 accdb Field site observations will be recorded on pre printed data sheets entered into Palm Pilots during all sampling and instrument maintenance activities and or into a Trimble GPS data dictionary Upon return to the office all data will go through our Quality Assurance Quality Control QA QC procedure to ensure accuracy and completeness and then integrated into the project specific MS Access database Instrument downloads will be corrected for barometric pressure as necessary checked for inaccuracies and calibrated to the relevant spot measurements prior to database entry see Protocols Resul
82. y of occurrence for the range of discharge conditions Figure 4 3 and by including separate coefficients that relate shear stress to incision k and bank erosion k2 Figure 4 4 Q max AE E Pp gt k EE o Trea me oie k a Mog a ee A sre JE E5 EO where post and pre restoration parameters are denoted with pre and post subscripts 7 is shear stress at a given discharge i I is channel length w is channel width h is bank height and t is the expected amount of time that a given discharge occurs over the relevant study period This approach has the advantage of a more realistic expression of channel conditions while remaining relatively simple to calculate Scaling of coefficients k can be found in previous studies e g Simon 2008 Simon et al 2000 The disadvantage is that the modeled water flow is not two dimensional and therefore changing shear stress around meanders is not incorporated into this approach Moreover layered bank stratigraphy is not considered here However layered bank stratigraphy can be considered using the Bank Stability and Toe Erosion Model BSTEM to calculate erosion rates for particular discharge conditions BSTEM has been applied to Trout Creek V Mahaceck pers comm and could be implemented as part of an Intermediate Approach for channel erosion Complex Approach Two dimensional models of channel erosion can be developed using HEC GeoRAS output to determine two dimensional distribu

Quantification + Characterization of Trout Creek Restoration

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