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SedEvent Event-Triggered Automated Grab Sampling System

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1. ccccsssesssssssssessssesssssssssessssessssessesessssessssessssessseeseseeeseeseseeseseesees 88 Chapter 6 SNe VISIES cnnic aa a ia N E i 90 6 1 Mamtenanceand SOn VISICS sanana EE OTOT 91 62 G ta Start Visit Repon from the datalogger succninuinnniniainananwiinieninnsaiincnmacauninnmnane 91 63 SIPC OOS SEV AIO INS eneren en E E T EEO E ATE O OO 93 OA Create a Site Visit in StreamTracC sesseeseessessesseeseessessessessesseoseoseessessesseoseoseoseessessesseoscoseesressessesseoscosrosressessesseoseoseesees 94 65 Changing Sample bottles ISCO G7 12 eusina a aa 95 6 6 Depth integrated DI and auxiliary SAMPLING uu sssessssecsssecsssecsssecsssecsssecsssecsssecsssecsssecsssecsssecsssecsssecssseeseees 99 67 Collecting data Ola Memory STICK rreran anna A NIEI N ENO 103 68 S3650 MaMtenahNCEsareniorne anina NE E T en acer 106 6 9 Getan End Visit Report from the dataloggef s ssseessseessseessseessseessseessseesssecesseeossecosseessseeesseeesseeesseeesseeosseeesseee 108 6 10 Add notes and documents to StreamTrac Site ViSIt sesessesesecsssesscsssesscssssssessssssesssssscsssessessssssesessesessaeees 108 6 11 Uploading data from the datalogger into StreamTraC sesesssseessseessseesssecsssecsssecossecesseessseessseeosseeosseeosseeesseee 110 Chapter 7 Data analysis croesia a a OLO ENNEA aS 111 Vek Viewngdata tales srne O A EOS 113 72 Graphingdata The Graph WINdOWisiiicinnna e A aes 113 L3 Toming Graph SIEMENES OM GIN
2. 9 N Part Program screen appears ONE PART PROGRAM a Ensure ONE PART PROGRAM is selected b Select Y next screen 10 Pacing screen appears PACING FLOW EVERY 1 PULSES NO SAMPLE AT START a If screen does not read as above i Select PACING ii Select FLOW PACED lil Enter 1 PULSES iv Select NO SAMPLE AT START b Select Y next screen DISTRIBUTION SEQUENTIAL RUN CONTINUOUSLY c Select DISTRIBUTION FIS Page 155 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Guide Appendix D ISCO sampler programming guidelines 1 BOTTLES PER SAMPLE EVENT 1 24 d Enter 1 SWITCH BOTTLES ON NUMBER OF SAMPLES TIME e Select NUMBER OF SAMPLES SWITCH BOTTLES EVERY 1 SAMPLES 1 50 f Enter 1 RUN CONTINUOUSLY YES NO g Select NO h Select Y next screen 11 Sample Volume screen appears VOLUME 200 ml SAMPLES a Select VOLUME SAMPLE VOLUME 200 ml 0 10000 b Enter 350 ml 12 Skip remaining Enable fields Select Y next screen until 13 Start Delay screen appears NO DELAY TO START a Select NO DELAY TO START or whatever option presents itself here b Start Options screen appears FIS Page 156 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Guide Appendix D ISCO sampler programming guidelines NO DELAY TO START DELAYED START CLOCK TIME WAIT FOR PHONE CALL c Select NO
3. Processes screen csssssscscssssssssssssssssssssescsescssscssssssssssssesesesescacsesesesseseseseseseacacseseseeseseseseacens 100 Figure 6 10 Datalogger TSampler screen csssssssssscsssssesscsssssssecscsssssssecscsssssesscsesssesecsesssssececscaesesecseassssesscscessessces 100 Figure 6 11 Datalogger Depth Integrated Sampling WINKOW cscsssssesscsssssssesscsssssesecscsssssececsssssssecscssssseees 101 Figure 6 12 StreamTrac Site Visit window Calibration Samples tab sssesssesseesseessesssesseesseesseossesseesseessess 102 Figure 6 13 Datalogger Data Status SCrEON uu cssscssssssssssssssssscscsesssssssssssssssssseesesesssssesesssseeseseseaeasscsesssssseseseseacers 104 Figure 6 14 Datalogger Download Data screen showing drop down Date Range menu sssesee 104 Figure 6 15 Datalogger Download Data screen Select Variables SCreen sse sseessesssesseesseessesssesseessesssess 105 Figure 6 16 Datalogger CSV Exporting WINKOW ccssscssssssecscsssssssecsssssssesscsssssssecsesssssesscscsssesecscsssssesecscassessces 105 Figure 6 17 Datalogger Download Data Complete WINKOW csssssssssssecsssssssessssssssesesscsssssesssssssseseesessssseees 106 Figure 6 18 Datalogger directory hierarchy ON USB memory STICK ss sssesssesseessesssesseesseesseosesseesseesseosseoseesseessees 106 Figure 6 19 StreamTrac Example erratic turbidity data due to sensor FOULING ssess
4. 2 The Sensors screen opens The battery icon should appear If not you must add it Touch the Add icon to open the Select Sensor Type screen Touch on the battery icon Sensors 11 17 40 Please Select Sensor Type FAI Sensors screen with Battery icon Select Sensor Type to select Battery icon wW A Fl S Page 58 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Manual Chapter 5 Installing the system at the site Figure 5 14 Datalogger Battery Sensor icon 3 Touch Battery The Battery Sensor screen opens Select Battery Sensor Setup Sensor Active Voltage iy Current A DCel Figure 5 15 Datalogger Battery Sensor Setup screen 4 Selecting Sensors gt Battery will display the Battery Sensor screen with details Battery Sensor 11 04 52 VBatt Batt 0 2 TBatt 25 2 VDCell 12 1 Time To Next Acquisition M A Figure 5 16 Datalogger Battery Sensor screen 5 If battery voltage VBatt is less than 11 5 V and your primary focus is to collect data regardless of sampling battery voltage can also be viewed using the status Indicators on the Home page a disconnect the ISCO auto sampler s power then change either the solar panel or the battery at the earliest opportunity b once the power system is corrected reconnect the ISCO auto sampler and c determine if the system has been triggering a lot of samples i On the datalogger Home screen touch Data ii The Data Status scre
5. 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Guide TS Appendix D Appendix D ISCO sampler programming guidelines ISCO sampler programming guidelines This appendix outlines programming and configuration of the ISCO auto samplers appropriate for their application in the SedEvent system These instructions are not comprehensive Before using these instructions please familiarize yourself with the ISCO manual and use it to supplement the programming information included here Chapter contents D 1 D 2 BO GO ieee sneenereaentnaaneaiens D 1 1 Overview D 1 2 Option A Standard programming D 1 3 Option B Extended programming POO SZO aaa D 2 1 Programming D 2 2 Configuration FIS 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 Page 150 of 170 SedEvent User Guide Appendix D ISCO sampler programming guidelines D 1 ISCO 6712 D 1 1 Overview Follow the manual steps for setting the date and time OTHER FUNCTIONS gt MAINTENANCE gt SET CLOCK These instructions assume you are using the 24 bottle configuration Note The ISCO 6712 has a superior pump and is the preferred ISCO model for turbidity threshold sampling D 1 2 Option A Standard programming Standard programming is best suited to installations where the suction line length is relatively short and the suction head is low With the auto sampler turned on select the following from the main menu 1 Enter 6712 1 to enter Standard Programming mode 2 A
6. SedEvent User Manual Chapter 8 Troubleshooting ry Part Ill Appendices FIS Page 136 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Guide Appendix A Selecting sensor interval and offset values AppendixA Selecting sensor interval and offset values Chapter contents A 1 Activity schedules in the datalogger u csssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssscsssssssssssscsssscsesscsssecsesecsssscsescsssecsesscassecsesess 138 A Coordinating SCC QUES sesaiereterssarenerrecesetatennsneneninseaarneterencnnnin EEE AAEE REA eee 138 A3 Sensorcommands and scheduling sesscasssivsssscacsisscansssiersscaisnueessanviacsscvanssaleaanearssereabeuseriacendsensevieaearioasenistaerdasoleees 139 A 3 1 DTS 12 command scheduling A 3 2 ISCO command scheduling AA Pulling it all together two COMMON configurations cessessssesessesessesscsessssesesescsesscsesscaeescsesscseseseeseseeees 140 A 4 1 Example 1 TSampler in control of all sampling DTS 12 wiping at each sample interval A 4 2 Example 2 Turbidity triggered and daily sampling DTS 12 wiping hourly FIS Page 137 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Guide Appendix A Selecting sensor interval and offset values A 1 Activity schedules in the datalogger Each sensor is activated sent a command usually a query by the datalogger on a regular schedule particular to that sensor The TSampler threshold sampling data logging and tele
7. aP Extreme environments Extreme ruggedness Extremely simple S Eve t Triggere 1 utomatic Grab Sampling System we 1 800 548 4264 www ftshydrology com 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 0 18 December 2014 SedEvent User Manual Table of Figures Table of Contents MIDIS OR IQUE OS uceiras tain EEEE EE a a v Part OV T aT TA EA AE E A E A 1 Chapter 1 ATOU OEE E TO 2 1 1 What is the SedEvent turbidity threshold sampling system sesesssseessseessseessseessseessseessseeosseeosseeosseeosseeosseee 3 EZ Whoths manuais TO ensornir a rinn A A O OET 4 1 3 Finding what you need in the Manual sesessssesssseessseessseessseessseessseessseeosseeosseeosseeosserosseeosseeosseeosseeosseeosseeosseeosseeesseee 4 1 4 Water quality and Total Maximum Daily Loads TMDL ssesesssseessseessseessseessseessseessseessseeosseeosseeosseeosseeosseeosseee 4 1 5 Thebenefitsofautomated data collectio Nssraiisiiietir ai 5 1 6 Turbidity threshold sampling and how it WOrkS ssssesssseessseessseessseessseessseessseessseeosseessseessseeosseeosseeosseeosseeosseeosseee 6 1 7 Suspended sediment monitoring flowchart e sessssesssseessseessseessseessseesssecosseeosseeosseeosseessseeosseeosseeosseeesseeosseeesseeesseee 7 Chapter 2 SYSTEM OVERVI CW s caiciscicasccoccsccnsedsscaccnvesscucacevasssaansesssaateancssecuaassecsseuessessseneaasessossansesseaceas 8 Dl Parts OF CNS SYS COMIN irna a EENE R N I oe 9 22 Anstumentaionand SEN
8. 1 For more complex operations such as taking manual samples or purging the lines before you recommence sampling refer to the ISCO 6712 Installation and Operation Guide FIS Page 95 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Manual Chapter 6 Site visits STOP PROGRAM RESUME PROGRAM VIEW DATA GRAB SAMPLE b Press et until Stop Program is highlighted c Press to stop the program STOP PROGRAM RESUME PROGRAM VIEW DATA GRAB SAMPLE 3 Undo the latches holding the ISCO auto sampler top down to the auto sampler base 4 Liftthe auto sampler top using the lift bracket built into the enclosure and latch the lift bracket in the raised position 5 Pull the base of the auto sampler out on the shelf until it is fully extended 6 Note which bottles are full and need replacement 7 In StreamTrac in the Site Visit window select the Carousel Bottle Mapping tab FIS Page 96 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Manual Chapter 6 Site visits fY Site Visit Sets Carousel Bottle Mapping Site Details Calibration Samples Notes Attachments Site Visit Station Name victoria Rain Hydro Year HY2010 a aaaammaaaammmmm n m ee EE V Use Slot Bottle Mapping Date Time Slot Pumped Bottle No Lab Code Notes Swap Bottie Date and Time ine i iz Start Date amp Time 2010 06 22 att w 13 25 4 Enter Swap Bottle date a
9. 200 ml SAMPLES a Select VOLUME SAMPLE VOLUME 200 ml 0 10000 b Enter 350 ml 13 Start Options screen appears NO DELAY TO START DELAYED START CLOCK TIME WAIT FOR PHONE CALL a Select NO DELAY TO START b Maximum Run Time screen appears MAXIMUM RUN TIME 0 HOURS c Enter o0 14 Programming Complete screen appears PROGRAMMING COMPLETE RUN THIS PROGRAM NOW YES NO a Select YES if you are ready to run system immediately b Select NO if you want to run the program later from the main menu 15 When the program begins running immediately or later the display shows BOTTLE 1 AFTER 1 PULSES a Eachtimea stream sample is triggered by the datalogger as a result of turbidity thresholds the bottle number will increase by one Note the ISCO display always indicates which bottle number it is positioned to fill when its program is running D 1 3 Option B Extended programming This is best suited to installations where the suction line length is longer and the suction head is higher With the auto sampler turned on select the following from the main menu FIS Page 153 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Guide Appendix D ISCO sampler programming guidelines 1 Enter 6712 2 to enable Extended Programming mode 2 A series of informational screens appears then 3 Options screen appears RUN EXTENDED 1 PROGRAM VIEW REPORT OTHER
10. PA WNC WING aU Ca ONS S aes vcccszs cvavsesextcsnaceastvassasucatersswsctatesscotaseaviesitesscastasues E 113 7 2 Graphing data The Graph WINKOW cccssssssssssssssssscsssssscsssssscsssssscsssessesssesscsescssesssesscsesssseassesseassesseaeseeseaeseeseaees 113 7 2 1 Parts of the Graph window 7 3 Turning Graph elements ON and Off eessessssesecsesscsesecsesscsessssesscsesscsessesesesesucsesecsescsescsescsescseseeseseseseesesseseens 116 74 ZOOMING scrolling ANA PANNING sisisssisssscacusasssssrvssesssnsevcvaservevscersonsacswensassaubossevsdonsedsavosedsnokvesssdaedssdssvevessteevensiveweenes 119 7 4 1 Reverting to the default zoom 7 5 7 6 Tit FIS 7 4 2 Zooming using a bounding box 7 4 2 1 Toggling Y axis bounding box zooming on or off 7 4 2 2 Zooming in using a bounding box 7 4 2 3 Zooming out using a bounding box 7 4 2 4 Undoing a bounding box zoom 7 4 3 Zooming using the vertical axis zoom controls 7 4 4 Scrolling and panning 7 4 4 1 Toggling Y axis scrolling on or off 7 4 4 2 Scrolling X axis only 7 4 4 3 Panning OO a EAEE AE E AEA EAA EEE EEEE EAEE 121 7 5 1 Adding a new Station Note 7 5 2 Editing a Station Note 7 5 3 Deleting a Station Note Defining intervals with CUFSOTS seseeseseessseessseessseessseeessecessecessecessecesseeesseeeosecesseeessecesseeesseeesseeesseeosseeesseeesseeesseeesseee 123 7 6 1 Placing the cursors 7 6 2 Removing the cursors Data COME CUION COO IS raze cexecessacrcnsescuscsco
11. The sensor depth rating should be slightly larger than that for the maximum expected stage at the gage location Differential pressure transducers have a tube inside the cable that is vented to the atmosphere to compensate for changes in barometric pressure The vent tube must terminate in a dry atmosphere to prevent failure due to condensation forming in the vent tube The pressure transducer is connected to a data logger and its output can be adjusted by changing the offset in the data logger program to agree with the current staff plate reading A stage averaging routine in the data logger program can electronically dampen wave oscillations from the stream thereby eliminating the need for a stilling well 4 4 2 4 Non submersible pressure transducer bubbler Bubblers are pressure sensing devices that detect pressure changes at the orifice of a small tube mounted in the stream The pressure sensor and other hardware are located in the gage shelter More specifically modern bubblers use a small battery powered compressor to supply the necessary air pressure to maintain a constant bubble rate at the terminus of the orifice tube As the stage in the river rises More air pressure is required from the compressor to maintain a constant bubble rate to overcome the increased water pressure The pressure changes are measured by a transducer that is connected to the orifice line Unlike the submersible pressure transducer that can be lost in high flows or da
12. we 2006 01 15 05 30 86 2006 01 16 14 40 87 6 01 16 14 89 B10 B11 B12 813 Enter Swap Bottle date amp time after bottles have been swapped 2006 01 17 16 10 and ISCO program placed in Run 2006 01 17 17 30 ane 2006 01 17 20 50 10 lt lt lt Bottle Batch 2006 01 17 22 10 14 2006 01 18 00 10 12 Technician 2006 01 18 09 30 13 from 2006 01 18 15 30 14 x 2006 01 18 15 50 15 g Get Unused Bottles 2006 01 18 17 40 16 2006 04 18 20 10 17 2006 01 18 22 30 18 2006 01 1901 10 19 2006 01 19 06 50 20 2006 04 20 16 30 24 2006 01 20 20 30 22 2006 01 21 01 00 23 2006 01 21 20 40 24 815 816 817 B18 B19 820 821 822 823 a ee a a a a a a x lt x lt lt Manage Fields gj Print H Save Figure 7 13 StreamTrac Site Visit window Carousel Bottle Mapping tab 3 Inthe ssc column enter the SSC lab values corresponding to the unique bottle numbers recorded in the Bottle No column 4 Click Save 7 9 Determining turbidity SSC lab result relationships Once SSC lab results have been entered into StreamTrac see section 7 8 you can perform regressions to determine relationships between turbidity and SSC These relationships can be applied to data that do not have corresponding samples in order to estimate SSC and related parameters e g total sediment load A regression that defines a relationship between turbidity measurements an
13. 1 Connect the battery cable to the battery by bolting each of the cable ring terminals to the appropriate battery terminal The ring terminal with the red wire and the fuse holder goes to the positive side of the battery The ring terminal with the black and white wires goes to the side of the battery See Figure 5 10 Battery Connection Contact FTS to discuss cabling considerations for the parallel connection of batteries if multiple batteries are required at the site 2 Mount the temperature sensor between the two battery posts on the top surface of the battery using foam tape or duct seal putty 3 Route the cable around behind the shelf above the battery and plug the cable s military connector into the black ringed connector labelled BATTERY on the datalogger The datalogger backlight should illuminate and the datalogger will start up The datalogger requires about 90 seconds to start 4 Ifthe backlight does not come on and the datalogger does not start then disconnect the battery power connector from the datalogger front panel and check the battery cable fuse and connections Battery 1 Figure 5 10 Battery Connection FIS Page 54 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Manual Chapter 5 Installing the system at the site 5 10 2 Solar panel 5 10 2 1 Mounting Figure 5 11 Typical solar panel installation 1 Mount the solar panel facing due south due north in the southern hemisphe
14. 12 connections are interchangeable and will work with any SDI 12 compliant sensor wired with a compatible connector 5 9 Rain gauge 5 9 1 Location considerations Fundamentally the rain gauge needs to be located where it is not shielded from rainfall by obstructions nor yet exposed to excessive wind which will loft rain away from the collector Many agencies have detailed guidelines for siting a rain gauge if your agency does follow those guidelines The National Weather Service NWS of the U S National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration NOAA says The exposure of a rain gauge is very important for obtaining accurate measurements Gauges should not be located close to isolated obstructions such as trees and buildings which may deflect precipitation due to erratic turbulence To avoid wind and resulting turbulence problems do not locate gauges in wide open spaces or on elevated sites such as the tops of buildings The best site for a gauge is one in which it is protected in all directions such as in an opening in a grove of trees The height of the protection should not exceed twice its distance from the gauge As a FIS Page 51 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Manual Chapter 5 Installing the system at the site general rule the windier the gauge location is the greater the precipitation error will be http www nws noaa gov om coop standard htm downloaded 12 Dec 2014 5 9 2 Mountin
15. 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Manual Chapter 6 Site visits 4 Click Site Visits gt Issue New Site Visit 5 The Issue New Site Visit window opens Issue New Site Visit Station name Figure 6 6 StreamTrac Issue New Site Visit window 6 Select the station name from the drop down window and click OK The Issue New Site Visit window closes 7 Ifthe Hydro Year for the current date has not been defined StreamTrac gives you the option to define it at this point We recommend doing so After defining the HY the site visit process continues 8 The Site Visit window opens at the Carousel Bottle Mapping tab 6 5 Changing sample bottles ISCO 6712 Decide whether to change the auto sampler bottles based on the following guidelines 1 12 or more samples have been collected or 2 itis expected that the bottles will be exhausted before the next site visit because of expected storms or 3 you are experiencing equipment problems To change sample bottles 1 Ensure that replacement bottles are a available in sufficient number the auto sampler displays the Bottle number subtract 1 from this number to determine the number of replacement bottles and b labelled according to your laboratory s requirements for unique identification of samples 2 Pause the ISCO auto sampler s program a On the keypad press wo The ISCO enters Manual Paused mode and its display shows 1
16. 2 7 Follow the instructions on the website B 3 2 Calculating and using turbidity thresholds This information is copied from the U S Forest Service web page http www fs fed us psw topics water tts software setting thresholds html In the USFS turbidity threshold calculator 1 Using the Sensor Maximum slider set the maximum NTU reading that your sensor can record This value can be determined by calibration and may not be the same as the nominal range given by the manufacturer The manufacturer should be able to provide the necessary calibration information however 2 Set N L and U on the Rising Threshold sliders based on the criteria described below in section B 3 3 Rising thresholds 3 Set N L and U on the Falling Threshold sliders based on the criteria described below in section B 3 4 Falling thresholds FIS Page 145 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Guide Appendix B Setting turbidity thresholds B 3 3 Rising thresholds 1 Determine the lowest non zero threshold L This should be a value that is above typical inter storm turbidity values In small streams it should also be a value that is expected to occur only after the stage rises enough to submerge both the turbidity sensor and the pumping sampler intake Determine the highest threshold U within the range of your turbidity sensor Determine the number of thresholds N between L and U including both L and U Use the thr
17. 5 Click Save 6 You may leave the window open to make later changes or close it now 7 9 4 Deleting a Storm Event For an alternative method of deleting a Storm Event see section 7 9 2 To delete an existing Storm Event 1 Position the mouse cursor over a Storm Event marker 2 Right click and select Delete 3 The Confirm window opens Confirm 2 Are you sure you wish to delete this SSC event Figure 7 16 StreamTrac Confirm delete Storm Event window 4 Click Yes to delete the Storm Event Click No or Cancel to keep it 5 Ifyou clicked Yes the Storm Event is deleted and its icon is removed from the graph FIS Page 132 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Manual Chapter 8 Troubleshooting ry Chapter 8 Troubleshooting Chapter contents 8 1 Problem Displayed stage is not correct within acceptable limMitS ssssesssssessssseesssseessssseesssseesssseesssseeess 134 8 2 Problem Pumping sampler bottle volumes too low empty OF too high ss ssseessseessseessseessseessseessseee 134 8 3 Problem Pumping sampler over sprays or water in base Of sampler ssssessssseesssseesssseeessseesssseeesssseesss 135 FIS Page 133 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Manual Chapter 8 Troubleshooting 8 1 Problem Displayed stage Is not correct within acceptable limits NOTE During the first storm flow of the season the electronic sens
18. 5 44 Datalogger Processes screen with TSampler proceSS sesesssesseessessesssesseesseossesseesseesseoseessersseessess 76 Figure 5 45 Datalogger Stage Sensor Screen ssesssesseesseessessesseesseessesssesseesseosseosersseesseossesseesseeseosersseesseesseosersseessees 77 Figure 5 46 Datalogger Enter Staff Gauge Value SCreen sseesssesssersseesssesssersseessscosseessersseessseosserssersseeosseessersseess 77 Page vi SedEvent User Manual Table of Figures Figure 5 47 Datalogger Confirm stage Settings CialOg esssssssssssecsssssecssssecsssssscsssssscsssesscsssesscsssecssssseesessseesees 78 Figure 5 48 Datalogger Stage Polled Values SCre N cessssssssssecsssssssessssssssssesecsssssssecscssssseseescassssecscscasseseeseasasseees 78 Figure 5 49 Datalogger Stage Offset Tool Setting Stage Offset us sessssssesssssssssssesscsssecscsssecssssseesesesesees 79 FIGUIE 5 50 Datalogger Stop POING mann n E E E eos 79 Figure 5 51 Datalogger Telemetry SCreen ssesssesssesserssesssesseesseessesssessersseossessersseesseosersseesseosseosersseesseosersseesseossesserssee 80 Figure 5 52 Datalogger Telemetry Status screen sssesssesseessesssesseesseesseossesseesseoseoseesseesseosseoseesseesseoserosersseosseoseessee 80 Figure 5 53 Datalogger Telemetry A Setup screen viewing mode sssesssesseesseessesssesseesseonseosersseesseosseoseessee 81 Figure 5 54 Datalogger Telemetry A Self Time
19. DELAY TO START d Maximum Run Time screen appears MAXIMUM RUN TIME 0 HOURS e Enter o0 f Select Y next screen 14 Programming Complete screen appears PROGRAMMING COMPLETE RUN THIS PROGRAM NOW YES NO a Select YES if you are ready to run system immediately b Select NO if you want to run the program later from the main menu 15 When the program begins running immediately or later the display shows BOTTLE 1 AFTER 1 PULSES a Each time a stream sample is triggered by the datalogger as a result of turbidity thresholds the bottle number will increase by one Note the ISCO display always indicates which bottle number it is positioned to fill when its program is running D 2 ISCO 3700 D 2 1 Programming 1 In standby mode press ENTER PROGRAM key 1 Standby screen appears briefly then the Program Configure screen PROGRAM CONFIGURE SAMPLER 2 Select PROGRAM 3 Pacing screen appears TIME FLOW PACED SAMPLING 4 Select FLOW FIS Page 157 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Guide Appendix D ISCO sampler programming guidelines 10 11 12 SAMPLE EVERY xxxx PULSES 1 9999 Enter 1 pulse Sample Multiplexing screen appears MULTIPLEX SAMPLES YES NO Select NO to perform sequential sampling Sample Volumes screen appears SAMPLE VOLUMES OF xxx ml 10 1000 Enter 350 ml Suction Head Screen appears SUC
20. Download Data Complete window appears FIS Page 105 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Manual Chapter 6 Site visits Save data complete to USE Hard DiskiF Data Logger WORTH FORK STHiDatalWORTH FORK STM 014 12 12 11 54 2 c5 Figure 6 17 Datalogger Download Data Complete window 11 Touch OK The Download Data Complete window closes 12 On the USB memory stick you will find the following folder hierarchy 4 My Computer amp OS C 4 DVD RAM Drive D 3 O H2 Data Logger E G Rods TTS i Config i Data gt VisitReport Figure 6 18 Datalogger directory hierarchy on USB memory stick 13 In the H2 Datalogger Data subdirectory the downloaded data has been written to a file named lt Station Name gt lt Timestamp gt lt Type gt where a lt Station Name gt is the station name configured under Home gt Station Set up gt Site tab gt Station field b lt Timestamp gt is the date and time the data was downloaded in the format yyyy mm dd hh mm c lt Type gt is either csv if you downloaded data in CSV format or bin if you downloaded in binary format 6 8 Sensor maintenance FTS recommends routine field sensor inspections and validations as part of your QA QC protocol The frequency required varies depending on your site conditions and whether you have access to your data by telemetry Figure 6 19 exhibits some erratic turbidity data from a debris fouled sensor on the
21. Figure 5 34 Datalogger SDI Sensor Mapping ISCO cable ssesssesseessesssesssesseesseesseossesseesseoseosersseesseossessersseessess 71 Figure 5 35 Datalogger SDI Sensor Setup screen configured for an ISCO controller s sssessseesssesssersseess 71 Figure 5 36 Datalogger Processes screen esessesseessesseeseessesscsseoseesscsseeseessessceseoseesscsscoseeseessceseoseesscsscoseeseessceseeseessesseese 72 Figure 5 37 Datalogger TSampler viewing Screen csssssesessssssssesecscsssssssecscsssssessesssssesecsesssssesecsesssssesscseassesecseneaees 72 Figure 5 38 Datalogger Please Select Process Type Screen ss sssessessseessesssesseesseesseossesseesseonsesseesseesseessesseesseesseos 73 Figure 5 39 Datalogger TSampler editing screen Process Tab ssesssesssesseessesssesseesseesseosesseesseesseossesseesseessess 73 Figure 5 40 Datalogger TSampler Schedule Tab s sssesssesssesseessesssesssesseesseossesseesseesseossesseesseoseossrsseesseossessersseessees 74 Figure 5 41 Datalogger TSampler Sampler Tab s ss sssesssesssessersseessesssesseesseossesseesseesseossessersseosseosersseesseossessersseessees 74 Figure 5 42 Datalogger TSampler Thresholds SCreen ses ssesssesssesssesseessesssesseesseesseossesseesseoseoseesseesseossessersseessees 75 Figure 5 43 Datalogger Advanced TSampler Setup SCreen sssesseesseessesssesseesseesseossesseesseonsessersseesseossessersseessees 76 Figure
22. Setup screen Sensor tab 3 Enter or modify values for the fields on the Sensor tab a Sensor Name for the sensor The default name is Stage Change if desired b Addr Address of the sensor on the SDI 12 bus Enter the detected or otherwise known value if you have it Otherwise enter any value not already in use by another sensor an error message will be displayed if you enter an already used value this value can be corrected later c Active Makes sensor active checked or inactive blank Ensure this control is checked 4 Enter or modify values for the fields in the Stage tab Pressure Transducer Setup Sensor Stage Stage Name HG Raw Mame HG ray Offset Mame HG_offset Precision Interval oo 10 o offset o0 os Mumber of 2 H Sample Z Samoles E Period Figure 5 28 Datalogger Pressure Transducer Setup Stage tab a Stage Variable name for the stage value i e water depth returned by the sensor b Units Units of measure for stage depth c Precision Meaningful digits after decimal place in value returned by sensor d Cmd Command sequence used to query sensor Do not change without specific knowledge of the sensor s capabilities FIS Page 67 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Manual Chapter 5 Installing the system at the site e Field Field number in which stage value is returned in sensor s response to a query Do not change witho
23. StreamTrac in the Site Visit window select the Notes Attachments tab 15 Transfer notes from the field book to the Note field 16 Attach any relevant documents or photos using the Attach button Further attachments can be added later by calling up this Site Visit and returning to this tab 6 5 1 Recording site details 1 In StreamTrac in the Site Visit window click the Site Details tab FIS Page 98 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Manual Chapter 6 Site visits Site Visit Carousel Bottle Mapping Site Details Calibration Samples Notes Attachments Site Visit Station Name Victoria Rain Hydro Year HY2010 Technician Stage Need Update Data Logger ID Turbidity Need Update T Probe Optics cy CN DLP Version ID Batt Volts Need Update Cleaned tes T Probe Optics Pressire A C Yes C No Tana koer i Next Bottle Need Update Debris Removed Change In Min Stage Battery ID Sensor Height Stage Offset Aux TTS Sample yes C tio Left Staff Plate 0 Stage Units Depth Integrated Right Staff Plate C Yes C No Sample Data Collected Yes No Turbidity DLP Computer inside Staff Plate Probe ID c Yes No Synce Auto Sampler ID Flume Cleared C Yes C No Manage Fields 3g Print H Save Figure 6 8 StreamTrac Site Visit window Site Details tab 2 Enter all relevant data none is required 3 Verify t
24. This avoids having to fill and empty sample bottles while testing Disconnect the auto sampler inlet after the pump and add a short length of tubing supplied in the FTS laboratory test kit to return the water to your intake reservoir Ensure that the intake line is submerged and that the return line is above the water level Clamping both lines in place will help to avoid spills FIS Page 23 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Manual Chapter 3 Preparing for the field 12 Connect the datalogger and auto sampler power cable leads to the battery 13 Configure the ISCO auto sampler according to the instructions in section Appendix D Start the auto sampler s program running 14 At power up the DTS 12 sensor should wipe once as an indication of a positive connection 15 Verify and configure the datalogger according to the instructions in sections 5 12 Verifying basic system operation and 5 15 Configuring the datalogger 3 2 3 Laboratory test procedure For simulated turbidity events make a 400 600 NTU solution using StablCal 4000 NTU Bottle 500mL Call Hach 800 227 4224 for your local supplier A sediment slurry can also be used as this will settle out with time and provide a range of triggers similar to StableCal Only an approximate turbidity NTU value is required for these tests 1 Fill the test reservoir with the 400 600 NTU StableCal solution or sediment sample 2 Immerse the DTS 12
25. a housing that holds it in the water The housing may be a fixed pipe or it may be the immersion end of a boom for details on booms see next section Figure 4 1 below shows a typical carousel for use in a pipe housing A small diameter conduit is attached to use as a handle to position the carousel in the end of the housing both longitudinally pushing and pulling and rotationally The conduit allows the carousel and sensor to be removed for maintenance and replaced easily during inspection and maintenance eliminating the temptation to pull on the sensor cable Small diameter conduit so Figure 4 1 Empty carousel Figure 4 2 shows a DTS 12 in place in the carousel DTS 12 Tegae Turta Seren Figure 4 2 Carousel with DTS 12 inserted Figure 4 3 shows a carousel mounted in a pipe housing to be used in a vertical mounting FIS Page 33 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Manual Chapter 4 Site selection and deployment hardware Figure 4 3 Carousel with DTS 12 in pipe housing Figure 4 4 below shows examples of vertically deployed pipe housings The housing on the left has perforations to reduce drag and to provide the DTS 12 sensor with good water flow if it is completely enclosed in the pipe housing Figure 4 4 Two vertical pipe housing deployments of carousels FIS Page 34 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Manual Chapte
26. and Calculation window Method tab 6 Fora typical SSC Turbidity regression FIS Page 129 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Manual Chapter 7 Data analysis a Under Curve Settings Y Axis select SSC b Under Curve Settings X Axis select Turbidity c Under Curve Settings Regression Model select a regression method Least Squares is a common choice d The area in the right hand part of the tab is filled with a graph of the data in the selected interval a regression curve a title giving information about the regression curve and some optional informational elements in the graph A typical example is shown in the figure below 7 Click Save 8 You may leave the window open to make later changes or close it now 9 Tosee the Storm Event marker in the Graph window click the Update Data In Range from Database icon EJ 10 The graph is reloaded and the new display shows a Storm Event marker at the beginning of its interval 7 9 2 Viewing a list of existing Storm Events 1 Right click anywhere in a clear area of the graph canvas 2 Select Event Summary 3 The Event Summary window opens displaying a list of all Storm Events defined in the graph FIS Page 130 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Manual Chapter 7 Data analysis Event Summary Graph name California Creek Hydro Year X Axis d i All _ Turbidity D 193 2005 4
27. between repeated samples Figure 5 43 Datalogger Advanced TSampler Setup screen 11 Touch OK 12 The Processes screen reappears now showing a process named TSampler Processes MaxMin TSampler Figure 5 44 Datalogger Processes screen with TSampler process 5 15 7 Setting stage offset The stage sensor returns a stage depth value that varies depending on its placement in the stream The stage offset is added to this sensor value so that it accords with the staff plate reading To set the stage offset 1 From the datalogger Home screen touch Sensors gt Stage or SDI PT as is relevant for your configuration 2 The Stage Sensor screen appears FIS Page 76 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Manual Chapter 5 Installing the system at the site Stage Sensor 10 51 00 HG raw Err Err Err Stage Offset HG_offsek 0 036 m Time To Next Acquisition Figure 5 45 Datalogger Stage Sensor screen a Select Set Stage The Enter Staff Gauge Value screen appears Enter Staff Gauge Value 14 16 49 009669527 Figure 5 46 Datalogger Enter Staff Gauge Value screen b Enter the current value read off the staff plate Touch OK c A confirmation dialog will appear reflecting the new offset value to be applied against Stage sensor readings calculated from the entered staff plate value and the most recently sampled staff sensor value FIS Page 77 of 170 700 S
28. changes to visualizing large amounts of data This computer can be brought into the field if desired or left in the lab if that is more convenient While suspended sediment concentration SSC cannot be directly measured accurately or reliably turbidity measurement has been shown to be an excellent surrogate for SSC Turbidity is caused by suspended particulate matter including clays and silts organic and inorganic chemicals microorganisms and algae causing cloudiness in water and can be measured accurately by the DTS 12 turbidity sensor DTS 12 digital turbidity sensor secured in Aluminum carousel accurately monitors turbidity Optional Yagi antenna permits hourly communication of system status via GOES satellite other telemetry available Axiom H2 DCP is the brain of the system ISCO interface provides an SDI connection from pump sampler to da talogger _ Spillproof leak proof freezeproof 12V starved Submerged smge Perforated and cut 4 PVC or ABS Solar panel ISCO 3700 of 6712 PENS EL r r r ciectrolyte photo sensor pressure away end maintains plastic pipe conduit recharges batteries portable autosampler vilio katina transducer or good flow and protects optimizes DTS 12 for long term controlled by rhe l bubbler sensor from debris installation remote deployment DCP Figure 1 1 Typical SedEvent streamside monitoring package FTS Page 3 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manu
29. collected if a threshold has been crossed since the previous peak or trough Falling turbidity A falling turbidity mode sample is collected when the current turbidity drops below the next falling threshold for 2 intervals thr_code 2 Repeat samples When conditions for a threshold or reversal sample are otherwise met a sample will not be collected if the threshold that was crossed has already been sampled in the past 8 rep_wait intervals Overflow Turbidity probe output exceeds the datalogger s millivolt limit setting mv_limit when an OBS 3 is connected or the turbidity probe s NTU limit ntu_limit when a DTS 12 is connected In this mode two lim_skip intervals will be skipped between each sampled interval Unknown Turbidity trend not yet defined after a cold start thr_code 3 FIS Page 147 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Guide B 3 8 TTS variable definitions Variable name Value Threshold code thr_code 0 1 Sampling code smp_code 0 FIS 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 Appendix B Setting turbidity thresholds Meaning Baseflow Rising turbidity Falling turbidity Unknown turbidity not yet defined as rising or falling No sample collected Threshold sample Depth integrated sample DI Auxiliary sample AUX Start up sample Overflow sample turbidity above maximum samples every third interval Page 148 of 170 SedEvent User Manual Chapter 8 Tro
30. data many minutes behind current conditions reducing the relevance and coordination between measurements and samples Typically schedules are coordinated by picking the TSampler sampling interval and offset first A common TSampler interval is 10 minutes and we recommend the TSampler offset be set to 0 zero to simplify other calculations Some sensors e g the DTS 12 turbidity sensor have a significant delay between request and response and this delay varies between sensor models It is important therefore to set sensor interval and offset values so that a recent sensor value is available for TSampler Continuing our TSampler example we might therefore set the DTS 12 turbidity sensor interval to 10 minutes matching the TSampler interval and it s offset to 9 minutes equivalent to 1 minute early to allow for the relatively long response delay ina DTS 12 This would ensure that the TSampler process uses turbidity readings that are at most 1 minute old to decide whether to trigger a sample To coordinate stage readings with these schedules we also set the stage sensor for a 10 minute interval with a 9 minute offset aligning the stage value which returns almost instantly with the turbidity value Similar considerations apply to data logging schedules and data transmission message schedules Note that it is entirely possible to query sensors much more often than the sampler process requires and to query different sensors at different
31. does not disturb the alignment of the rain gauge base plate FIS Page 52 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Manual Chapter 5 Installing the system at the site 6 Release the two spring loaded clips located at the bottom end of the cylinder and remove the cylinder from the rain gauge base plate 7 Using the bull s eye level located on the base plate adjust the base plate in a horizontal plane so that the leveling bubble moves to the mid line of the bull s eye Here you are centering it on one axis only In the next steps you will centre it in the other axis so that the bubble is dead centre on the circle 8 Tighten the cam clamp on the mounting bracket support arm 9 Adjust the vertical adjustment screw the rain gauge mounting arm to bring the base plate leveling bubble into the centre of the bull s eye 10 Tighten the locking screw on the rain gauge mounting arm This may disturb the bubble slightly in either axis 11 Repeat steps 4 10 as necessary to achieve a perfect centering of the leveling bubble in the bull s eye 12 Remove the rubber band used to keep the tipper locked during shipment Rainfall readings will not occur if this step is forgotten 13 Ensure that the rain gauge funnel and filter is free from any packing material or sticky labels 14 Replace the cylinder on the base plate of the rain gauge and close the spring latches 15 Lay the rain gauge data cable to
32. extremely high and low stages and flows and a substantial number of measurements at all stages and flows must be made These relations must be regularly re evaluated against up to date discharge data because stream channels often change due to erosion or debris FIS Page 41 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Manual Chapter 5 Installing the system at the site Chapter contents Dd Arivalat the Sessor oseni nae EE ES DCI NC e E E E E EEEN OTON De Saa deen o N a T E N 5 4 5 5 5 6 3 7 5 8 5 9 5 10 Fi 5 3 1 Mounting 5 3 2 Grounding A AOI ceases E E EN E E E A E E E A 5 4 1 Mounting and grounding TIAN OGY E AE EAA E A A AAT 5 5 1 Internal GOES transmitter 5 5 1 1 Eon Goes Antenna 5 5 1 2 GPS antenna placement and connection 5 5 2 External telemetry device 5 5 2 1 Mounting 5 5 2 2 Data connection PSO OS ANON SI sas sasovtscesvvtessatsostunasestaecarasvsesessoaesnarearsessseuraceannatiassnmuasia raaeiansoaenaaaiaus 5 6 1 Mounting 5 6 2 Suction hose 5 6 3 Data connection TOTO SUIS OM aaa E E tance wasp O EE EEA O EA 5 7 1 Mounting 5 7 2 Connection A SSS ON AAA N N ANEA A AA N E 5 8 1 Mounting 5 8 2 Data connection SEARO ELTS PEE EE E E A TA E E E A 5 9 1 Location considerations 5 9 2 Mounting 5 9 3 Data connection FONTY O a E E EN AE ES 5 10 1 Battery 5 10 1 1 Mounting FIS 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 Chapter 5 Installing the sy
33. falling limb of the December 28 turbidity graph Notice that once the debris was removed on December 29th FIS Page 106 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Manual Chapter 6 Site visits the data returned to normal One advantage of having data via telemetry is that you only visit a site when needed Maintenance requirements can be optimized thereby resulting in higher quality data Stream Trac CAP TSATTSWE TSData_Demo 20080220 mdb California Creek Turb ESES Ne ta Rains Date Gah SteVits Settrgs Window Melb Edseve Layout Delicte ger Series AView w i California Creek 1580290 14000 Erratic turbidity data 1 300 0 12020 11020 10000 Caman e Sensor wos fouled by debris snanged on carousel followers stor peak t f ono i Py f 4 G spose 3 e 4 4 Ss i 12 29 12 29 12 30 12 30 12 31 Oo 1200 coco 1200 0a 00 Colstcorsa Creek Tstesty Catrcrrss Creek Siage 2005 2006 ty Foe NN oes ELE vr Figure 6 19 StreamTrac Example erratic turbidity data due to sensor fouling If you do not have remote access to your data FTS recommends more frequent visits in the first few seasons to ensure your deployment is not being fouled by debris With experience and time you can reduce your site visit frequency if you are not having debris fouling issues FTS also recommends site inspections after any large runoff events as these may mobil
34. page has a turbidity threshold calculator that can be used with any web browser It can be found at http www fs fed us psw topics water tts software ThresholdCalc html Caution Before you can use this web page you must install the Java 2 JRE plug in See next section for instructions FIS 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 Page 143 of 170 SedEvent User Guide Appendix B Setting turbidity thresholds Turbidity Threshold Calculator requires Java 1 2 or higher best viewed full screen a Number of Rising Thresholds 10 Lowest Rising Threshold 20 Highest Rising Threshold 1850 1800 8 F amp F Rising v g ke N N T oO v on O w N o a g o N mom oO lt N Laz m he oO Number of Failing Thresholds 17 nA 5 10 15 20 Lowest Falling Threshold 30 LUULU 0 50 100 150 200 Highest Falling Threshold 1900 1850 1900 1950 2000 Figure 8 1 USFS Turbidity Threshold Calculator web page B 3 1 Installing the Java 2 JRE plug in To use the calculator you will need the Java 2 JRE plug in from Sun Microsystems To get the plug in 1 Goto the Sun Microsystems Java 2 Dowload page at http java sun com javase downloads index jsp see 2 Figure 8 2 FIS Page 144 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Guide Appendix B Setting turbidity thresholds Overview Technologies Documentation Community Suppor Betis het Free Java Down
35. sampler For data analysis it is important to know what slot number corresponded to what unique bottle number when the sample was taken This permits laboratory analysis data to be correlated with other data recorded by the system In StreamTrac the Site Visit form contains a mapping of slot numbers to bottle numbers and lab data values which must be updated by field personnel when they perform a site visit This assures accurate bottle mapping and time stamps For details see section 5 17 B 3 7 Turbidity threshold sampling programming conditions Baseflow This condition occurs when the stage is less than the minimum stage min_stg Minimum Stage is defined as the lowest stage where both the pumping sampler intake and turbidity probe are submerged and functional No threshold sampling takes place in this mode thr_code 0 Rising turbidity Turbidity Mode automatically becomes Rising at first interval above baseflow If turbidity is also above the first threshold and no rising thresholds have been sampled in the past 3 hours a start up sample is collected For subsequent rising turbidity mode samples current turbidity must equal or exceed the next rising threshold for 2 intervals thr_code 1 Turbidity reversal Turbidity Mode switches between Rising and Falling The turbidity must change direction for at least 2 intervals AND drop 10 from the prior peak or rise 20 from the prior trough but at least 5 NTUs in either case A sample is
36. sampling scheme that employs a parameter such as turbidity which is well correlated to suspended sediment concentrations can be expected to improve sampling efficiency and load estimation Turbidity threshold sampling collects physical samples that are distributed over a range of rising and falling turbidities Lewis amp Eads 1996 The resulting set of samples can be used to accurately determine suspended sediment loads by establishing a relationship between sediment concentration determined in the laboratory from field samples and turbidity measured in the field for any sampled period and applying it to the continuous turbidity data 1 6 Turbidity threshold sampling and how it works Turbidity is an optical measure of the number size shape and color of particles in suspension The optical properties of sediment mainly size and shape have a significant influence on measured turbidities For instance sand particles return a much lower turbidity signal for a given concentration than silt and clay particles of the same concentration The FTS manufactured DTS 12 is an optical turbidity probe offering excellent long term stability and reliable self cleaning design It can be deployed long term with a minimum of maintenance and returns continuous high quality data in a wide range of environmental conditions Turbidity threshold sampling TTS utilizes turbidity thresholds turbidity levels at which physical samples should be collected
37. satellite East West circle one Chapter 3 Preparing for the field Page 28 of 170 SedEvent User Manual Chapter 3 Preparing for the field O SWV CO External telemetry device O Manufacturer O MN O SN O SWV FIS Page 29 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Manual Chapter 3 Preparing for the field 3 4 4 Example on site activity checklist Arrival CL Check site for safety hazards and mark or eliminate them C Check equipment for damage sustained in transport Installation CL Build install enclosure mount Install enclosure on mount Install equipment in enclosure DO NOT connect battery power leads yet Install solar panel Install GOES antenna Install stage sensor Install rain gauge optional OoOOddddo Install monitoring boom System testing CL Confirm the datalogger s configuration and operation O When possible attach a full suite of sensors and telemetry devices and then call monitor the datalogger through the attached telemetry i e monitor a few GOES transmissions to confirm operation Departure L Record site visit information in site book L Pack up tools C Pack up remaining materials and equipment L Lock up enclosure FIS Page 30 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Manual Chapter 4 Site selection and deployment hardware TS Chapter 4 Site selection and deployment hardware This chapter discusses criteria import
38. sensor in the test reservoir ensuring that its sensor end does not touch the bottom of the reservoir 3 The StableCal solution sediment sample will settle over a few hours and the turbidity will fall thus providing simulated events that will trigger a series of event samples associated with the turbidity thresholds set up in the TSampler process You should verify this process by listening for the loud activation of the auto sampler pump several times over the course of a few hours 4 Remix the solution by stirring it Allow it to settle possibly remixing again before it settles completely This simulates multiple events with turbidity reversals that allow the system to be fully tested Once you have verified that the system seems to be working on a physical level and the datalogger has collected some data conduct a simulated site visit 1 Insert a USB memory stick into a USB port on the front panel of the datalogger 2 Geta Start Visit Report from the datalogger Briefly Home gt Service gt Visit Report gt Start Visit gt OK For detailed instructions see section 6 2 3 Trigger an auxiliary sample Briefly Home gt Processing gt TSampler gt Aux Sample For detailed instructions see section 6 6 2 4 Collect data from the datalogger in CSV format Briefly Home gt Data gt Download gt OK gt OK For detailed instructions see section 6 7 5 Get an End Visit Report from the datalogger Briefly Home g
39. the Home screen press the SDI 12 icon 2 SDI Sensor Mapping screen appears with defined sensor displayed If there are no sensors defined it will be blank FIS Page 64 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Manual Chapter 5 Installing the system at the site SDI Sensor Mapping Detected ams i ame eee Figure 5 24 Datalogger SDI Sensor Mapping screen 3 Touch Detect a 4 SDI Detect window opens SDI Detect Figure 5 25 Datalogger SDI Detect window 5 Ensure that Include alpha in search is unchecked The detection process takes longer if the check box is enabled since the datalogger must now also search for sensors at the non numeric addresses addresses a to z and A to Z The Include alpha in search check box should only be checked if you suspect you have an SDI sensor with a non numeric address i e an address that isn t 0 to 9 6 Touch OK 7 The datalogger polls all SDI 12 ports looking for connected devices This may take several minutes 8 SDI Detect window closes and SDI Sensor Mapping screen is filled with information about each sensor the datalogger detected FIS Page 65 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Manual Chapter 5 Installing the system at the site SDI Sensor Mapping Detected Addr EEE Figure 5 26 Datalogger SDI Sensor Mapping screen with new sensors a Newly detected devices are highlighted in red b Column
40. the sample has been taken failed or cancelled the Auxiliary Sampling window closes 5 17 Get an End Visit Report from the datalogger 1 Ensure the memory stick is inserted in the USB HOST port on the datalogger front panel 2 On the datalogger Home page touch Service gt Visit Report 3 The Visit Report screen appears in End Visit mode indicated by the End Visit button FIS Page 88 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Manual Chapter 5 Installing the system at the site Visit Report 16 48 20 Visit Started 12 11 2014 16 45 19 fi G Figure 5 65 Datalogger Visit Report screen in End Visit mode 4 Touch End Visit The Save Report screen appears Use the scroll bar to review the information and select OK gave Report 16 50 24 Visit Report for 12 11 2014 16 49 20 Tech Mame J Smith Trip Number 4 Local Time 12 11 2014 16 49 20 GMT 12 11 2014 16 49 20 Length of Visit 00 04 01 Station Info station Name WORTH FORE STN Figure 5 66 Datalogger Save Report screen 5 It may take a few minutes to save the report A dialog box will appear once the report has been successfully saved 6 Remove the USB memory stick from the datalogger front panel FTS Page 89 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Manual Chapter 6 Site visits Chapter 6 Site visits This chapter details procedures that should be performed during a site vi
41. thresholds However because samples are not taken precisely at the threshold turbidity but occur only when the threshold has been passed for two intervals the risk of re sampling the same turbidity is not all that great a concern Samples are least likely to occur precisely at thresholds in rising turbidity conditions and at high turbidity levels in general that is when turbidity tends to change most rapidly 4 The complete set of falling thresholds to be assigned is U L N 2 d L 2d L d L 0 B 3 5 Example Sensor range 0 1000 FIS Page 146 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Guide Appendix B Setting turbidity thresholds Rising L 15 U 900 N 10 Thresholds 0 15 46 94 158 240 338 453 585 734 900 9999 Falling L 20 U 950 N 17 Thresholds 950 851 758 670 587 510 439 372 311 256 206 161 122 89 60 37 20 0 B 3 6 Slot number vs bottle number In the SedEvent system sample bottles are identified in two ways Within the ISCO auto sampler each bottle is placed in a slot in the bottle carousel and each slot has a number from 1 to 24 that identifies it Since bottles are constantly changed in and out of the sampler for laboratory analysis the slot number is not sufficient to identify a bottle uniquely Bottle number refers to a unique numerical identifier for a sample bottle independent of which slot it might occupy in the auto
42. to define their desired range of sample abundance by setting the number of thresholds The guidelines are based on simulations with data from Caspar Creek Lewis 1996 and seven winters of experience suggesting that they meet stated objectives i e accurately and economically to estimate suspended sediment loads for on average the 6 largest storm events each year However with different environments or different objectives these guidelines may not be optimal For example if one had a special interest in sampling the first few likely small events of the wet season then an extra threshold or two might be temporarily added near the low end of each threshold scale If relatively more emphasis is to be placed on low flows in general then the square root scale might be replaced with a logarithmic scale However any alteration that places more emphasis on low turbidity conditions will result in more samples and higher costs unless the number of thresholds is reduced at the same time FIS Page 142 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Guide Appendix B Setting turbidity thresholds B 2 2 TTS default sampling threshold values Default thresholds are listed below The number of rising or falling thresholds and the threshold values may vary depending on site condition 1850 9999 overflow 858 724 602 491 391 B 3 Using the USFS threshold calculator applet The U S Forest Service TTS web
43. window appears FIS Page 113 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Manual Chapter 7 Data analysis Open Graph Creator Last Saved User ALL v ALL v _ grechwan _ grechwan _ Time Series _ tvandall _ tvandall a _ Windrose Mame Type Creator Last Saved User Last Saved Date gt California Creek Time Series grechwan grechwan 2009 05 28 H MH Stage Comparison Time Series tvandall tvandall 2007 08 28 iy Turbidity Debris Spikes Time Series tvandall tvandall 2007 08 28 ii Victoria Rain Time Series grechwan tvandall 2007 08 28 h Mew va Open fig Delete x Close Figure 7 2 StreamTrac Open Graph window 3 Use the controls in the top half of the window to browse the available graphs For details on these controls see the StreamTrac User Guide 4 Inthe bottom half of the window click on the graph you wish to view 5 Click Open 6 The Open Graph window closes and the selected graph opens in a new window FIS Page 114 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Manual Chapter 7 Data analysis ei California Creek Save Layout fi Delete Ggprint f Series View KD p California Creek Sia iData View pQ Stage tn o E o t Za 12 13 12 16 12 19 12 22 12 25 12 28 12 31 01 03 01 06 01 09 01 12 01 15 01 18 01 21 01 24 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 2005 2
44. 0 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Manual Chapter 6 Site visits 6 1 Maintenance and storm visits Site visits are motivated by two concerns maintenance and storm observations Maintenance site visits are performed regularly or based on information about the equipment s condition e g number of empty sample bottles left A maintenance visit typically includes downloading data changing bottles and general equipment inspection and maintenance Storm site visits are performed in order to observe and sample conditions during a storm A storm visit typically includes manually triggered sampling stage measurement from the staff plate and may also include cross sectional measurements to develop stage discharge ratings for more extreme events Storm visits largely involve activities that are not directly related to SedEvent system equipment and so we do not offer any further instruction on them Maintenance visits on the other hand address precisely the monitoring goals met by the SedEvent system and the equipment in it This remainder of this section gives instructions for a typical maintenance visit 6 2 Geta Start Visit Report from the datalogger At the beginning of every site visit you should record a Start Visit report from the datalogger onto a USB memory stick This records all current conditions before you perform any maintenance activities At the end of every visit you should collect an End V
45. 00 2007 04 05 00 00 2010 06 22 2006 01 13 2006 01 08 2006 01 02 2005 12 29 2005 12 27 2005 12 20 2005 12 19 2005 12 11 2007 01 22 2006 11 06 2006 09 18 2006 08 01 2006 07 18 2006 05 23 13 25 16 00 12 00 16 00 14 20 12 00 18 00 22 00 21 00 12 45 12 33 11 34 06 11 10 15 09 10 2010 06 22 2010 07 20 2006 01 13 2006 01 08 2006 04 02 2005 12 29 2005 12 27 2005 12 19 2007 01 22 2006 11 06 2006 09 18 2006 08 01 2006 07 18 2006 05 23 Figure 7 12 StreamTrac Site Visits window aaa Technician Rod Glover TOM TOM TOM TOM TOM TOM TOM TOM Ricky Bobby Ricky Bobby Ricky Bobby Ricky Bobby Ricky Bobby Ricky Bobby c Use the filtering and search tools to locate the Site Visit corresponding to samples for which you have lab values d Double click on that Site Visit FIS 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 Page 127 of 170 SedEvent User Manual Chapter 7 Data analysis e The Site Visit window opens 2 Select the Carousel Bottle Mapping tab f Site Visit Seles Site Visit E Station Name California Creek Hydro Year HY2006 ee ae as a V Use Slot Bottle Mapping Date Time Slot Pumped Bottle No SSC Lab Code Notes 2006 01 14 05 20 TEJ a ay 2006 01 14 13 20 2 82 Start Date amp Time 2006 01 14 17 30 3 83 2008 01 13 H 2006 01 14 20 30 4 s4 2006 01 14 23 20 5 85 7 8 9 Swap Bottie Date and Time pg eet
46. 006 quality 8 Fair IN tus EETA ar i Period Load Total To 2006 01 24 22 00 50 732 Kg From 2005 12 10 16 20 Figure 7 3 StreamTrac Example Graph window 7 Use the controls on the Graph window to adjust the view of the data as described in the sections below For more details on this window and its controls see the StreamTrac User Guide 7 2 1 Parts of the Graph window The Graph window contains many controls that enable the user to choose what is displayed and how it is displayed The figure below identifies the main parts of the graph window FIS Page 115 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Manual Chapter 7 Data analysis a alitorma reek E sare Layout GpOelete ggrrint senes Paview 2 be S T Bow view H California Creek Y axis upper control bar graph trace or curve graph canvas E Pi Y axis zoom F controls X axis graph legend iforrea Crees T er or wr Carmia Creet Yist_Terg Calforne Creec Stace View OS Pset os B California Creek Stage 2005 2006 Oviir GERD Fa EEE Sons IEEE Approve et QS control bar X axis scroll bar Range From 2005 12 10 18 28 o Period Load Total To 7006 01 24 Z200 2 F load calculation bar Figure 7 4 StreamTrac Parts of the Graph window 7 3 Turning graph elements on and off The most stripped down view of a graph is shown in Figure 7 4 below FIS Page 116 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2
47. 1 18 01 21 01 24 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 California Creek Turbidity California Creek VWVat_Temp California Creek Stage View QS p Set Q S M California Creek Stage 2005 2006 Quality BGM Fair MY status E Approved Range From 2005 12 10 16 20 C Period Load Total To 2006 01 24 22 00 0 Kg Figure 7 10 StreamTrac Graph window with cursors 7 6 1 Placing the cursors 1 To place or move the Start Cursor a Position the mouse pointer on the graph at the desired X position for the cursor right click and select Set Start Cursor b Ifno cursors are visible on the graph the Start Cursor only appears at the selected position If the Start Cursor is already visible it is moved to the selected position If the End Cursor is already visible it moves with the Start Cursor to preserve the interval between them FIS Page 124 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Manual Chapter 7 Data analysis 2 To place or move the End Cursor a Position the mouse pointer on the graph at the desired X position for the cursor right click and select Set End Cursor b Ifno cursors are visible on the graph the End Cursor only appears at the selected position If the End Cursor is already visible it is moved to the selected position without affecting the Start Cursor if it is visible 3 To move either Start or End
48. 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Manual Chapter 7 Data analysis D litorma U a Ed Save Layout GDeiete Print Psenes Phview fat California Creek e 2005 2006 Ouri RD Aor o T o Range From 2005 12 10 1 28 Pe Period Load Total To 2006 01 34 2200 Ki xy Figure 7 5 StreamTrac Graph with minimal details turned on To toggle on or off elements of a graph 1 In the upper control bar of the graph window click the drop down arrow beside View 2 The View control appears see Figure 7 6 Paview Station Notes Align Vertical Axes Storm Events Site Visits Bottle Numbers Raw Edits Staff Plate Allow Vertical Scrolling Allow Vertical Zooming Prompt for Auto Notes Figure 7 6 StreamTrac Graph window View control 3 Click on an item above the separator line to turn it on or off A checkmark beside an item indicates that it is on 4 The View control closes and the graph is updated to reflect your choice Graph elements available to view are FIS Page 117 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Manual Chapter 7 Data analysis 1 Station Notes Station Notes are text notes added by users The Note can be set to be displayed either as the Note icon amp or as the entire Note text e g ExSmps note text a Toview the full Station Note text hover over the icon b Forinformation on adding Station Notes see section 7 5 2 Align Vertical Axes Causes
49. 1_ offset 1 243 m Time To Next Acquisition 00 00 15 Polled Figure 5 57 Datalogger Example sensor screen Stage Sensor c Check the displayed sensor values and note whether they are reasonable for the conditions observed Note that some sensors display raw unconverted values that may seem incorrect d Touch Back The Sensors screen reappears Continue for all attached sensors 5 16 2 Test the Sensor If you suspect there is an issue with a sensor it may be incorrectly mapped or not properly seated 1 Touch Home gt Sensors 2 Select the desired sensor icon Open the Sensor Setup screen press on the Setup cog 3 Select the test button 16 11 24 Sensor is not responding Please make sure the sensor is plugged in and there are no address conflicts i emoj Figure 5 58 Datalogger Sensor not responding dialog If the sensor is not responding a dialog box will appear Check the mapping and the connections then test again FIS Page 84 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Manual Chapter 5 Installing the system at the site 5 16 3 Verify data is being logged 1 On the datalogger Home screen touch Data 2 The Data Status screen opens Data Status 11 30 20 4a Capacity 12 Days Oldest Data O9fo2 2014 19 05 00 Newest Data 10 20 2014 11 30 00 Est Overwrite 1of27 2014 J GSooS Figure 5 59 Datalogger Data Status screen 3 Touch Table to displ
50. 2 43 2005 12 49 aaa E LOWESS o 67 194 2005 12 20 2005 12 27 Turbidity SSC Least Squares 195 2005 12 27 2006 01 06 Turbidity SSC Least Squares 196 2006 01 06 2006 01 23 Turbidity SSC Least Squares 200 2006 01 09 2006 01 12 0 9832 0 9666 Turbidity SSC Least Squares a Load total 50 739 60 K 3 B Print f Open ji Delete X Close Figure 7 15 StreamTrac Event Summary window 4 Control which Storm Events are displayed using the controls at the top of the window 5 Examine a description each Storm Event in the central list 6 Select a specific Storm Event in the list to open or delete by clicking anywhere on it a To open the selected event for editing click Open or double click on the event in the list see section 7 9 2 for details about editing b To delete the selected event click Delete 7 To print a summary of the events currently shown in the list click Print 8 Toclose the window click Close 7 9 3 Editing a Storm Event For an alternative method of opening a Storm Event for editing see section 7 9 2 To edit an existing Storm Event Position the mouse cursor over a Storm Event marker 8 e 2 Right click and select View Modify 3 The Regression and Calculation window opens with the information for the selected Storm Event 4 Modify the information as desired FIS Page 131 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Manual Chapter 7 Data analysis
51. 2008 r2 or 2012 if SQL option is used x 2 a gt N SOL server and users must be on LAN SOL servers on internet WAN is not recommended as speed may be an issue 7 High speed Internet connection if IP modems are used FTS Page 16 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Manual Chapter 2 System overview Part Il Details The chapters in this part of the manual present detailed information about how to set up test install use and troubleshoot the SedEvent system FTS Page 17 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Manual Chapter 3 Preparing for the field Chapter 3 Preparing for the field Thorough preparation can mean the difference between a frustrating unsuccessful time consuming field installation and one that goes smoothly FTS strongly recommends that you perform all the checks and preparatory activities described in this chapter before the system and technicians head out into the field Chapter contents 31 RE ivNg yaur SY SCI sasien a E a EAER AEAEE 19 3 1 1 Receiving and unpacking 3 2 Verifying system function in the laboratory ess sssssesssssessssseesssseeessseeesssseesssseeossseeossseeosssecossseeessseressseeeossseeonssees 19 3 2 1 Required parts and equipment 3 2 2 Setting up the system 3 2 3 Laboratory test procedure 3 3 Optional computer and software uuu esessesessessssessssesscsesscsesscsssscsessessssesescsescsescsesscsesscss
52. 3 Datalogger Save Report SCN osese rean E EE ENE ONEA 63 Figure 5 24 Datalogger SDI Sensor Mapping screen sssesssesseessessesssesseesseossesseesseesseossesseesseosseoserosersseosseosersseessees 65 Figure 5 25 Datalogger SDI Detect wiNdOW ssesssesssesseessesssesseesseesseossesseesseosseoseesseesseossessersseoseoserssersseessessersseessees 65 Figure 5 26 Datalogger SDI Sensor Mapping screen with NEW SensSorfS ssesssesssesseessesssesseessersseossesseesseessess 66 Figure 5 27 Datalogger Stage Sensor Setup screen Sensor tab s sssesssesseessesssesseesseesseonsesseesseesseossesseesseessess 67 Figure 5 28 Datalogger Pressure Transducer Setup Stage tab ssesssesssesseesseessesssesseesseossessersseesseossesseesseessees 67 Figure 5 29 Datalogger Pressure Transducer Setup Temperature Tab e sseessessesssesseesseessesseesseesseessess 68 Figure 5 30 Datalogger Pressure Transducer Setup Conversion tab ssesssesssesseessesssesseesseessesssesseesseesseos 69 Figure 5 31 Datalogger SDI Sensor Setup DTS 12 ssesssesssesseesseessesssesseessessseoseesseesseossesseesseoseossrsseesseessessersseessees 69 Figure 5 32 Datalogger DTS 12 SDI Command Setup SCre n e ssssserssesssesseesseessesssesseesseossessersseesseessessersseessees 70 Figure 5 33 Datalogger SDI Field Setup screen TurboMeanNW ssessesssesseessesssesssesseesseosesseesseesseossesseesseessees 70
53. 4 SedEvent User Manual Chapter 3 Preparing for the field 10 Ti Place the calibration container in a location where the DTS 12 sensor can be suspended in the container Suspend the DTS 12 turbidity sensor in the calibration container so that its sensor end is completely submerged but does not touch the bottom of the container Connect the DTS 12 sensor to an SDI port orange rings on the datalogger using its cable see Figure 3 3 Feer p a Ar FIS baravoccer Figure 3 3 Front panel connections on Axiom H2 datalogger Connect the FTS tipping rain gauge to the datalogger using the supplied cable The rain gauge can only be connected to the blue ringed RAIN connector on the datalogger Fill the sampling reservoir with tap water and place it near the ISCO auto sampler Place the stage sensor in the sampling reservoir and connect it to the datalogger using its cable The stage sensor can be connected to any orange ringed SDI 12 connector on the datalogger Connect the ISCO auto sampler to the datalogger using the supplied a Plug the 6 pin end of the ISCO controller cable on the end nearest to the controller package on the cable into the Flow Meter connector on the ISCO back panel b Plug the orange marked end of the ISCO controller cable into one of the orange ringed connectors marked SDI A B C D on the front of the datalogger Set up a recirculation loop for ISCO auto sampler
54. 40 5 dBm for CS 2 the levels can be from 26 38 5 dBm d Clear When in edit mode a Clear button will appear on the bottom of the screen Pressing the button will set all G5 parameters back to the default settings This includes the message format If you press Clear a warning screen will be displayed and you will be prompted if you wish to continue e Random If transmitting in either Time Ordered or Pseudo Binary message formats transmit parameters for GOES random transmissions can be configured by pressing the Random button on the bottom of the screen Details of setting up random transmissions are found in the Axiom G5 Telemetry Reference 6 Self Timed Tab This screen displays message format and transmit parameter details Transmit parameters are provided by the NOAA FIS Page 81 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Manual Chapter 5 Installing the system at the site Telemetry A G5 C51 Setup 15 25 20 Transmitter Self Timed Pwr Params GPS Format ELM Channel Window Bit Rate 200 Interval o JH Firsk Tx JH Ea Ea Self Timed Message Centering Enable Tx Send no data If Buffer Empty Figure 5 54 Datalogger Telemetry A Self Timed Tab a Transmit Parameters Input the assigned Channel Window Bit Rate Interval and First I b Format Use the drop down menu to select the format of the transmitted message c Set Message This is used to configu
55. 5 Installing the system at the site ccscccccssssssccccccsssscccsccssssccsscssssccssessssccsseeesecoes 42 Sa MN Weal AU PUNY Eea 44 eZ UNPACKING ssa cScacsseg caw aus sacs cseu oawsoas naan A ssa vsosssces sea saan asoneun ase aubu ves iueatsouieuniden R sae 44 S3 Siea deen los B ater pene eaermnnE er NER DNT Nt ER eRE RMRET ene rt TER PT An ni ge ORE RPE for afm ne RTT eer ne nee eee er EE 44 54 DOG iw acuwixnuenieninetancnwi ant canumucen arn E E E A E A E E 46 a TETO EE E T EN TE OTONO T OOO emma eee 47 5 6 ISCO AUTO SAMHIEL cessssesssssssessessssssccssesesssssssessesssssscsssssssssessessesessesecssssessssssssuscsessesesssesesssseseesscsessescesessesscsessesecsecsess 48 SA Turdi SENS ON akore a E EO E AT NRN 51 So JE E O aaa A 51 959 Ran gaug unose A O O E O A E E a eo mete 51 NO FOWE SyS TE Mahina a AEE EEEE TEA E TE 53 Page ii SedEvent User Manual Table of Figures BI Using the CatalOG Ger it aCe nnrir EOE EOE OE ORE 57 5 12 Verniying Dasic system opera tioN ssns aE A A N O 58 5 13 Geta Start Visit Report from the dataloggef ansta a 62 514 GConnguring the lS GO aurO Sa mole lsisscssccssaseiessncsesoveqseversscatcovwenstuesensatenrauntacerenssammsratvensu sto euastensnieetmnseenais 64 515 GOmGUnInG Une Cat lOGO Ol ten icsisedieensetistieiccnieierensimenie aidan wan icnwnanunieidinnen OS 64 516 Vening SyS tEn operdona EA EA T noni shnando nH Uakds OOT 83 5 17 Get an End Visit Report from the datalogger
56. 68 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Manual Chapter 5 Installing the system at the site Pressure Transducer Setup Sensor Temp Depth Pressures Water Density Gravity Water Density 1000 gir 3 Gravity 9 50665 msez Figure 5 30 Datalogger Pressure Transducer Setup Conversion tab 7 Touch OK 5 15 4 Configuring a DTS 12 turbidity sensor 1 On the SDI Sensor Mapping screen see Figure 5 26 touch the NEW button red background associated with the turbidity sensor the FTS DTS 12 in the Vendor Serial column 2 The SDI Sensor Setup screen appears pre configured for a DTS 12 turbidity sensor SDI Sensor Setup 14 56 03 Sensor DTS12 Address Active Figure 5 31 Datalogger SDI Sensor Setup DTS 12 3 Verify the value in Address 4 Configure the command s For details on choosing the appropriate configurations for these commands see discussions in section 5 15 1 and Appendix A The simplest case is detailed below a Touch M1 b The SDI Command Setup screen appears FIS Page 69 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Manual Chapter 5 Installing the system at the site SDI Command Setup 13 12 06 Crd M11 Interval of 05 DE Offset 00 00 BE a TurbMean a Turb arty Urbrlect Figure 5 32 Datalogger DTS 12 SDI Command Setup screen c Enter Interval and Offset as required d Selecting each field name wi
57. 7 4 2 1 above the displayed Y measurement interval for the graph is changed to the Y interval selected by your mouse selection The graph is redrawn 7 4 2 3 Zooming out using a bounding box 1 Press the Shift or Alt key and draw a bounding box on the graph see previous section 2 The displayed X time interval for the graph is changed so that the current full X axis value range fits within the X axis range of the bounding box If Allow Vertical Zooming is selected see section 7 4 2 1 above the displayed Y measurement interval for the graph is changed in the Same way The graph is redrawn 7 4 2 4 Undoing a bounding box zoom To change to the previous zoom level on the X time axis 1 Click on the Undo Last Zoom icon inthe upper control bar of the graph window see Figure 7 4 FIS Page 120 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Manual Chapter 7 Data analysis 2 The displayed X time and Y measurement intervals for the graph are changed to the previously displayed intervals and the graph is redrawn 3 Click Undo Last Zoom again to zoom out to a still earlier zoom level 7 4 3 Zooming using the vertical axis zoom controls To zoom in or out on a Y measurement value axis 1 To zoom in click on the Zoom In icon 4 next to the desired axis 2 To zoom out click on the Zoom Out icon a next to the desired axis 3 To zoom out to the full data range on a Y axis click on the Rese
58. Chapter 5 Installing the system at the site 2 Connect one of the green grounding wires attached to the mounting plate to the ground stud on the datalogger 5 5 Telemetry The Axiom H2 datalogger can be configured with an internal GOES transmitter Alternatively an external modem or an external GOES transmitter can be used 5 5 1 Internal GOES transmitter 5 5 1 1 Eon Goes Antenna The Eon GOES antenna is normally situated on top of the enclosure Attach it securely and pass the antenna cable through the opening Thread the antenna cable onto the black ringed connector marked GOES on the front of the datalogger Figure 5 4 Eon GOES antenna 5 5 1 2 GPS antenna placement and connection 1 Place the GPS antenna where it has a reasonable view of the sky Often the top of the enclosure has sufficient exposure Attach the antenna securely in its location 2 Pass the antenna cable through the opening in the right side of the enclosure and thread it onto the black ringed connector labeled GPS on the front of the datalogger Figure 5 5 GPS Antenna FIS Page 47 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Manual Chapter 5 Installing the system at the site 5 5 2 External telemetry device 5 5 2 1 Mounting All external telemetry devices are packaged by FTS in a waterproof case with standard mounting hardware compatible with the mounting plate in the enclosure 1 Position the telemetry c
59. Cursor by dragging a Position the mouse pointer over the cursor b The pointer changes to ll c Left click and drag the cursors to a new position d Start and End Cursors move independently of each other 7 6 2 Removing the cursors To remove the cursors from view click on a Storm Event marker to display its extent Click again to remove the extent display 7 7 Data correction tools StreamTrac provides several different tools for correcting editing data in a graph These functions are briefly outlined below For details see the StreamTrac Help under Time Series Graph Editing Notes 1 Most of these functions operate on a range of data defined by the Start Cursor and End Cursor see section 7 5 2 Data correction tools are accessed by right clicking on the trace graph line to be modified and choosing from the context menu that appears see figure below FIS Page 125 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Manual Chapter 7 Data analysis tA D D4 BAD BAD hh TFF A Add Storm Event Copy Range tnt DF tt ob te a TI Delete Range Segment Interpolation Auto Interpolation Era my a 01 02 01 04 Constant Bias Shift 01 12 00 00 00 00 Variable Shift Drift Corr 00 00 Reconstruct ere ifornia Creek S Graphical Point Editing Tornia Lresk st Mathematical Editing Restore Original Data Figure 7 11 StreamTrac Data Correction context menu Summ
60. Datalogger Please Select Process Type screen c Scroll through and touch the Threshold icon 5 The TSampler editing screen appears 6 Process Tab Use this feature to input the Process name default name TSampler the Slot default name TS_ slot the sample code default name TS_smp_code and the Threshold Cold default name TS_Thr_code TSampler Schedule Sampler Thresholds Advanced Process TSampler Slot T5_ slot Sample Code T5_smp_code Threshold Code 75 thr code Figure 5 39 Datalogger TSampler editing screen Process Tab 7 Schedule Tab Enter the Sample Interval how often the threshold process is run and Offset FIS Page 73 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Manual Chapter 5 Installing the system at the site TSampler Process Sample Interval o0 ol KR gt oiimi s Sample Offset o ec E Figure 5 40 Datalogger TSampler Schedule Tab a Sample Interval Enter the interval between TSampler activations and thus potential samples For details on determining schedules see section 5 15 1 and Appendix A b Offset Set to 00 00 00 8 Sampler Tab Use this tab to identify the Trigger input usually a DTS 12 turbidity sensor and the appropriate sensors to measure stage and water temperature Sampler 1 and Sampler 2 specify the water samplers usually an ISCO 6712 series TSampler Trigger Eley Max alue Stage Min Stage Te
61. FUNCTIONS 4 Select PROGRAM 5 Program Name and Site Description screen appears PROGRAM NAME EXTENDED 1 SITE DESCRIPTION FACTORY736 a Select PROGRAM NAME SELECT NEW PROGRAM CHANGE PROGRAM NAME b Select CHANGE PROGRAM NAME c Change the program name as desired e g TTS 1 For details consult the ISCO 6712 Installation and Operation Guide d Select SITE DESCRIPTION e Change the side description to the site station ID that is or will be used to identify the site in StreamTrac f Select Y next screen 6 Units screen appears UNITS SELECTED LENGTH ft a Select UNITS SELECTED LENGTH b Select units in feet ft c Select Y next screen 1 MINUTE DATA INTERVAL 7 Data Interval not used Select VY next screen 8 Sampling Configuration screen appears FIS Page 154 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Guide Appendix D ISCO sampler programming guidelines 24 1000 ml BTLS 3 ft SUCTION LINE AUTO SUCTION HEAD O RINSES O RETRIES a Select BTLS bottle configuration b Enter 24 1000 ml BTLS c Select SUCTION LINE d Enter the length of the suction line at your site in ft e Select SUCTION HEAD f Select AUTO SUCTION HEAD or enter known suction head in ft Experiment for best samples and compare to DI samples g Select RINSES RETRIES h Enter 1 RINSES and ORETRIES i Select V next screen
62. For that we strongly recommend that you consult Lewis and Eads 2008 comprehensive report Implementation Guide for Turbidity Threshold Sampling Principles Procedures and Analysis available online see References 4 2 Site selection The selection of a site for a monitoring station must take into account several different factors Equipment survival Conditions at the site can damage or destroy equipment These conditions include cold freezing storms and floods wildlife and humans Freezing problems are often avoided by removing vulnerable equipment for the season since water sampling cannot take place in such conditions in any case The other threats can be dealt with by a combination of careful siting and damage resistant components such as conduit for housing cables and tubing Stream flow and turbulence Automated monitoring systems cannot adjust their measurement and sampling locations to account for changes in stream flow The measurement and sampling probe needs to be located in a well mixed location that is characteristic of the overall flow in the stream Pools can be convenient but they are often wider than the body of the stream and cause sediment to drop out Conversely a steeply pitched streambed leads to high velocities and cavitation in the water which can interfere with accurate turbidity readings Stability of site To maintain consistent measurement conditions a stable site is required Soft banks or stream
63. G OFF orisi E EN AEN E 116 7 4 ZOOMING SCLOMMG and DANINING eeen E N ORN 119 A5 SOn NOUS oc odeeetnetee tie nee iia A A A E A OA E EA 121 70 Defining menal Will CUS ONS ssccatsasccrascsvenaconecsiancanseaimeriantamaaannnicaiiaahcnmcmiannsnmenmances 123 LE NDARACOMSC TION OCIS aaron EEEE A acnbesdh eeasiaabavetaa tovens ue ctsantan O E 125 73 JMcorporating TAD ORATORY analys Saona raze cas sss A E 127 7 9 Determining turbidity SSC lab result relationships ses esssesseseessseessseessseessseessseessseessseessseeosseeosseessserssseeosss 128 Chapter 8 Troubleshooting i csistiscsieciceisaccsesdcicesssccvecsasectuassscduasesscetuessdaduscsevassececassecasescovecasseceues 133 8 1 Problem Pumping sampler bottle volumes too low empty OF too high ss ssseessseessseessssessseessseessseee 134 8 2 Problem Pumping sampler over sprays or water in base Of SAMPIEL ssssesssssessssseessssecssssecrsssseesssseesss 135 Part Ill Appendices ssion a a a e a ae eassa 136 AppendixA Selecting sensor interval and offset values ssssscecssssceccsscceccsssceccsssceccssscecssssceeo 137 Ad Activitysched les inthe datalogger neuoisienenainirerieriiiine s eE ENON EOE 138 A2 Coordinating SCNEOUIES einna ET EN AENEON ERRE 138 A3 Sensor commands and scheduling vsosirerrynin airnn O AAE AE AAEN 139 A 4 Pulling it all together two common configurations sessesssseessseessseesssecsssecosseeosseeosseessseeosseessseeesseeosseeesseee 140 AppendixB
64. On the datalogger Home screen touch Processes The Processes screen opens Processes tools Figure 6 9 Datalogger Processes screen 4 Touch TSampler The TSampler screen opens 14 20 44 Last Slot Current Trigge Yalue 27 3 NTU Trend Falling Current Stage 0 56 m Current Temperature 19 76 C DI Sample Aux Sample Figure 6 10 Datalogger TSampler screen FIS Page 100 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Manual Chapter 6 Site visits 5 Touch DI Sample 6 The Depth Integrated Sampling Window appears and the ISCO controller commands the ISCO auto Sampler to draw a sample Within 5 seconds you should observe the auto sampler cycling If it does not troubleshoot according to instructions in section 5 16 6 The resulting sample will be distinctly identified in the data log as a depth integrated sample sample_code 2 see section B 3 8 Last Slot Current arg meee ees male Sampling in progress Figure 6 11 Datalogger Depth Integrated Sampling window 7 Ifan error occurs during sampling a Amessage window appears to notify you b Touch OK to dismiss the message c Correct the problem and retrigger the sample 8 To manually cancel the depth integrated sample a Touch Cancel b A message window appears to acknowledge the cancellation c Touch OK to dismiss the message 9 When the sample has been taken failed or cancelled the Depth Integrated Sampli
65. Oo mn amp bk oO U un te J mo m m m wD Mio Wi w e RD i mww ww w wo ow to M i 2006 01 24 14 0 MiA He aa 200 01 24 oh wo Ww ip H 2906 01 24 14 A gt O H gt 1 t os i t Oi e M W A 2 D i o i JI AN to S dy iv H m im oo i ip A w we 3 na an on A gt AD AD AY AD PAD AD PAD FAD AD TCAD AD AD PAD OD CADE AD N TCAD A He I H A H H A A He A Ai A H M H mo M M M M M M M M M M M M M A M M INIO Oiii Ww M A M A W os Mm M i M M 5 H LEY c oO Do C Range view All Data z Show Gaps Float Times in view GA Save Edits ell Tece alal Figure 7 1 StreamTrac View Edit window 3 Inthe Select Station dropdown select the station you wish to view 4 Use the controls on the window to select and view the data you are interested in See the StreamTrac User Guide for details on these functions 7 2 Graphing data The Graph window StreamTrac can display data graphically in many different formats Often users want to view their data in the same format repeatedly so graph formats referred to simply as graphs can be defined saved and opened again later to view the same data in the same format at a later time To view the data collected for a particular station in a predefined graph 1 In the StreamTrac main window click Graph gt Existing Graphs 2 The Open Graph
66. REDUCTION Plot raw data Data grading id problems Correct problems notes Laboratory SSC data entry Determine SSC Stage discharge rating Append data to annual file STREAMTRAC PRODUCTS SSC storm amp annual load estimates Storm flows Output data graphs statistics Publications reports Figure 1 2 Suspended sediment monitoring flowchart Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 Page 7 of 170 SedEvent User Manual Chapter 2 System overview ry Chapter 2 System overview This chapter gives an overview of SedEvent system with a brief discussion of each component and its capabilities Chapter contents Ar ANS On CNS y T RE E E EA E E E A EEE 9 2 2 Instrumentation and SenSofS s ssseessseessseessseessseessseessseessseeosseessseeosserssseeosseessseeosserosseeosseessseeossersserosseeosserosserssseresss 10 2 2 1 Axiom H2 datalogger 2 2 2 DTS 12 turbidity sensor 2 2 3 Carousel for DTS 12 2 2 4 Stage water depth pressure sensor 2 2 5 SDI AM Analog Module SDI 12 converter 2 2 6 ISCO 6712 water sampler 2 2 7 Power system 2 2 8 RG T tipping bucket rain gauge 2 2 9 Telemetry options 2 2 10 SedEvent station enclosure 2 3 Laboratory analySiS sese ssseessseessseessseessseessseessseessseessseeosseeosseeosseeosseeosserosseeosserosseeosserssseeosseessserosserosserosserosserosserosseeosss 15 2 4 Turbidity threshold sampling algorithm overvieW sesessssesssseessseessseessseessseessseessse
67. S OS anan an i EEO TORE OOA NEENA 10 23 Laborato analysis ianre aanas en N EAO NON OOOO ONAE 15 2 4 Turbidity threshold sampling algorithm overvieW sesessssesssseessseessseessseessseessseessseessseessseessseeosseessserssseessserosss 15 25 SUPEALI FAG SOULE W Al s A 16 Part Il DS CANES E E PEE E N N 17 Chapter 3 Pr paring forthe feld iscisssscescccuecessccisvcsecscesecscsseideuesveseiscssvidevicwsvsdecaussssevetededecseeseesicies 18 Sel RECEIVING YOUN SYSTEM oann ena ane E ERE EEA RA doses RRN EA E 19 32 Verifying System FUNCTION IN The IADOLATOTY uu esessecsessssscssssssscsecsssscsecsessssecsessssscsessssucsecassscscasssssucaeeassucseeassseass 19 2 OPTOMA COMMOULEK AIC SOL Wal Cease scesos sc cccete ceca ca aces cuscscssasncced csunven casceceesssseecsccsaesese ssembacsessassorasteeasesseseelessmeseets 25 3A Checklist and TONS eyes csssnssusstandiveasonvssssscassuaiaoo ssunseossuustonvsvaansousvutaos O 25 Chapter 4 Site selection and deployment hardware ssesssssscccsssscccosscccscsssccsosssccssssscessssseessssoe 31 Ar ROON eana a TTE T TETT ee NOTETO NE 32 MBE SUL O er e EEN OAN EOE O AOE NOO OO OEE 32 4 3 Turbidity sensor and water sampling deployment hardware ssssessssessssesssseesssesssserssseessseessseessseessseessseess 32 4A StagdesensordeploymMen E ernessanin aa N 38 4 5 Stream gauging flow measurement and stage discharge rating ss sseessseesesecsssecsssecessecessecessecesseeesseeess 40 Chapter
68. Setting turbidity thresholds essssseccssssscososscccsosssccsssssccsssssccosssscessssssesssssseossssseos 141 B1 T rbiditythreshold sampling OGIC rnsnsenansniinnine oann A EO ATEOA 142 B2 G idelines Tor seting tres NON AS acces sudanciscssenisesesuced evatundeudeduvsiustbavevstadevelesetscbled OR 142 B3 Using the USFS threshold calculatorapplet nananana A A AA 143 AppendixC Determining optimum solar panel tilt angle esseecssseossscossscecsseecssceossscossseessseeo 149 AppendixD ISCO sampler programming guidelines ssseecsscccssccossscossscossscessscecssscossscossseessseeo 150 Page iii SedEvent User Manual Table of Figures PT TS GOOG 2 vorcusssestcsvetsssevessestcspossvacscarcacevossscaneanvstsseeasyuaveiavancueasuveesscosadscansvanblessieaceasastsastarcuessaresssusssncueab lexssuasaacieshiidiets 151 D gt EOSO ee neneerts ree rene seert er ran reat rer rn tease Tr reen esr rT Seer ne ae een a Renee ere ee ere eee 157 Appendix E Troubleshooting DTS 12 Wiperr cccccssssccsssscccsssscccsssscccssssccccssssccsssssccssssccesecsces 163 Appendix F Notes from the field ccccccssssscccsssssssccccssssscccccssssccccccssssccccesscssccsssssssccsscssssccosees 165 Fb BEOPUMPHNO SANTIS sraa a a a Oa 166 Part IV R ferences GIOSSALY scrivcssisdscccacadescdssadsccdadedacssesatscedadadacetecstesadacadesedsescacedeascosesss 167 Page iv SedEvent User Manual Table of Figures Table of Figures Figure 1 1 Ty
69. TION HEAD OF xx FEET 1 MAX Enter 14 ft 90 ENTER START TIME YES NO Select NO to begin the sampling routine according to the delay entered in the Start Time Delay screen during configuration see next section Programming complete D 2 2 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 Configuration In standby mode press ENTER PROGRAM key Standby screen appears briefly then the Program Configure screen PROGRAM CONFIGURE SAMPLER Select CONFIGURE Set Clock screen appears Set clock if necessary Sampler Type screen appears PORTABLE REFRIG SAMPLER Select PORTABLE Bottles screen appears FIS Page 158 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Guide Appendix D ISCO sampler programming guidelines 1 4 12 24 BOTTLES 20 Select 24 21 Bottle Volume screen appears BOTTLE VOLUME IS 1000 ml 22 Enter 1000 23 Suction Line ID screen appears SUCTION LINE ID IS 1 4 3 8 INCH 24 Select 3 8 25 Suction Line Type screen appears SUCTION LINE IS VINYL TEFLON 26 Select VINYL 27 Suction Line Length screen appears SUCTION LINE LENGTH IS XX FEET 3 99 28 Enter 32 ft 29 Liquid Detector Enable screen appears ENABLE DISABLE LIQUID DETECTOR 30 Select ENABLE 31 Rinse Cycles screen appears X RINSE CYCLES 0 3 32 Enter 0 33 Enter Head Manually screen appears ENTER HEAD MANUALLY YES NO 34 Sele
70. To maximize the relevance of samples turbidity thresholds are distributed with variable intervals across the entire range of expected rising and falling turbidities associated with turbidity events Turbidity thresholds are selected by taking into consideration the maximum expected turbidity value for a stream the range of the DTS 12 nominally 0 1600 NTU and the number of desired physical samples based on event signatures Using the method of Rand Eads 1995 a square root scale is used to distribute the thresholds in order to provide an adequate pairing of turbidity and suspended sediment concentrations to produce reliable regression curves For the smallest storms three or four samples are adequate while large events may require 5 to 15 samples Different sets of thresholds are used when turbidity is rising and falling with more thresholds required during the more prolonged falling period By reconfiguring the turbidity triggered sampler process TSampler in the datalogger a user can fine tune the distribution of thresholds to maximize sampling efficiency A set of rules in addition to the predefined turbidity thresholds aids in reducing sampling during short duration turbidity spikes and ensures that a start up sample is collected at the beginning of an event Rules also help define reversals in turbidity The turbidity triggered sampler process TSampler permits continued sampling when turbidity levels exceed the sensor range as we
71. Visit Report Audit Log Time D k screen Fasswords Calibration Lo qa J Figure 5 20 Datalogger Service Screen 2 Touch Set Date Time The Set Date Time screen opens Set Date Time Date 10 20 2014 Day of Year 293 Time 11 40 13 nD ia Enable Daylight Savings Timezone Figure 5 21 Datalogger Set Date Time screen 3 Verify that the correct date and time are shown 4 Ifthey are incorrect enter the correct values using the controls on the screen 5 Touch OK to close the Set Date Time screen 5 13 Geta Start Visit Report from the datalogger 1 Insert a memory stick into a USB HOST port on the front panel of the datalogger 2 On the datalogger Home page touch Service gt Visit Report 3 The Visit Report screen appears in Start Visit mode indicated by the Start Visit button see figure below FIS Page 62 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Manual Chapter 5 Installing the system at the site Visit Report Technician Trip fi G Figure 5 22 Datalogger Start Visit Report screen If the Visit Report screen appears in End Visit mode indicated by the End Visit button in place of the Start Visit button a Touch End Visit b The Save Report screen appears Touch OK c The End Visit Report is written to the USB memory stick and the Visit Report screen appears in Start Visit mode indicated by the Start Visit button 4 Enter or modify Technician iden
72. a are then processed by the probe to output minimum maximum mean median variance and BES best easy systematic estimator statistics see DTS 12 Manual for details The median significantly reduces noisy data typically associated with entrained debris Maximum mean and BES tend to be noisier and less useful as turbidity estimators FTS therefore recommends that median turbidity be used as the program trigger for sampling Also reported by the DTS 12 turbidity sensor is the water temperature currently accurate to within 0 2 degrees Celsius The program next collects a mean stage value from the stage sensor Mean stage is then compared against the minimum operating stage to determine if the turbidity probe and auto sampler intake are adequately submerged i e stage is above baseflow to allow sampling If the program logic determines that a sample is required based on the turbidity thresholds discussed above it triggers the ISCO water sampler to collect one sample Typically the sample volume is 350 ml Following a sample the algorithm records the time and slot number associated with the triggered sample Bottle mapping capabilities within the datalogger algorithm and in the StreamTrac data analysis software automatically index and link individual triggers with bottle identifiers and the subsequent suspended sediment concentration determinations in the laboratory This mapping enables easy and powerful analysis in StreamTrac to determine regressio
73. ably accurate measurements can be obtained when the stream flows through naturally durable and stable confinements such as channels in rock Less accuracy is achievable in conditions where the stream confinement is soft and subject to frequent scouring and erosion by both normal and extreme flow events e g storms or where debris piles up and creates radical changes in hydraulic conditions in the measurement area 4 5 2 Stream gauging In all cases some form of stream gauging is necessary to estimate the relationship between stage and discharge Two forms of stream gauging are commonly performed current metering and acoustic Doppler current profiling Both methods use a device current meter acoustic Doppler current profiler to measure the flow rate discharge in subsections distributed across a cross section of the stream The discharge in a subsection is equal to its area times the average velocity in the subsection The discharge in the entire cross section is the sum of the discharge in all subsections See the figure below Trs lrag fatocit Figure 4 12 Current meter discharge measurement in a stream cross section diagram courtesy U S Geological Service Olson amp Norris 2005 4 5 3 Stage discharge relationships Stage discharge relations are developed by measuring the discharge see above at a range of stages water depths To ensure the accuracy of the calculated stage discharge relation measurements must include
74. al Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Manual Chapter 1 Introduction SedEvent is also a general purpose event driven water quality sampling and monitoring system It s a flexible highly customizable system for performing regular automated water quality WQ measurements based on any number of parameters and trigger conditions turbidity time stage water level temperature pH dissolved oxygen DO equal flow conductivity and more Trigger events can be based on any sensor or combination of sensors not just stage water height and water samples and a wide range of sensor probes can collect data on any number of water quality measures Water quality indicators obtained from laboratory analysis can be regressed against sensor readings from the field to develop and validate surrogates typically turbidity but in principle any measurable parameter for many difficult to monitor WQ parameters enabling continuous monitoring for important WQ indicators 1 2 Who this manual is for This manual is written mainly for technicians who will be working directly with the SedEvent system hardware and software It contains details on how to set up operate and troubleshoot the system both in the laboratory and in the field The first part of this manual can be useful to supervisors data managers and others who would benefit from a general knowledge of the system and its parts without needing to know a lot of details 1 3 Finding what you need
75. ant in selecting a site for a monitoring station and in selecting the equipment to be installed at the site Chapter contents Al DTU O ene E RE 32 da E ETO E E E E E EE E E AE 32 4 3 Turbidity sensor and water sampling deployment hardware sssessssessssesssseessseessseessseessseeosseeosseessseessseessss 32 4 3 1 Carousels 4 3 2 Booms 4 3 3 In stream deployment considerations 4 3 4 Protection against physical damage 4 4 Stage sensor deployment sssssssessssessssecsssecsssecssssssssecsssesscsesscsesscsessesesscsessesesucsesscsesscsesscaesscaesscacsucaesacassacaesacaeeass 38 4 4 1 Initial considerations 4 4 2 Types of stage sensing devices 4 4 2 1 Noncontact stage sensor 4 4 2 2 Shaft encoder with a float and counterweight 4 4 2 3 Submersible pressure transducer 4 4 2 4 Non submersible pressure transducer bubbler 4 4 2 5 Summary 4 4 3 Location considerations 4 5 Stream gauging flow measurement and stage discharge ratinG scecscsessssecsscessecesscsessesesseseesesesseseeee 40 4 5 1 Discharge 4 5 2 Stream gauging 4 5 3 Stage discharge relationships FIS Page 31 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Manual Chapter 4 Site selection and deployment hardware 4 1 Introduction This chapter briefly covers some essential considerations in selecting a site and equipment and in installing that equipment The scope of this manual does not allow for a full discussion of this subject
76. are installed Figure 2 8 ISCO controller cable The datalogger controls the ISCO auto sampler through an SDI 12 controller integrated into The ISCO 6712 auto sampler collects water grab the cable that connects the two samples for laboratory analysis It is triggered by the Axiom H2 datalogger Figure 2 7 ISCO 6712 water sampler 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Manual Chapter 2 System overview 2 2 7 Power system Figure 2 9 Battery One or more heavy duty deep discharge sealed batteries provide 12 V power to the SedEvent system s instrumentation and Sensors An optional solar panel recharges the batteries under control of the Axiom H2 datalogger which manages all power functions for the system Conveniently the system monitors the solar voltage and current produced by the solar panel for routine diagnostics Figure 2 10 Solar panel A 20W solar panel is recommended for systems that do not incorporate remote site telemetry and contain the basic sensor set FTS will provide recommendations on the size and configuration of the power system when remote telemetry is used and an increased sensor Set is added FTS Page 13 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Manual 2 2 8 RG T tipping bucket rain gauge Figure 2 11 FTS tipping bucket rain gauge 2 2 9 Telemetry options The Axiom H2 datalogger can be configured internally with the ind
77. ary of tools Add Storm Event See section 7 9 1 Copy Range Copies the selected range of data to the data clipboard Paste Fit Range Pastes the data in the data clipboard into the selected range If the range is a different length than the data on the clipboard subsample or interpolate to fit Delete Range Removes the data in the selected range from the graph Segment Interpolation Does a linear interpolation or fills with a constant value between two points whose X values are defined by the range on the graph Usually used to fill in missing segments of data Auto Interpolation Fills multiple gaps in the selected range with linearly interpolated values Minimum and maximum size of gap can be specified to control what data is modified Constant Bias Shift Adds a constant value to the data in the selected range or replaces the data with a constant value Variable Shift Drift Corr Moves the data in the selected range along one or more pivot points This function is useful in correcting sensor drifts due to fouling Reconstruct Create data values in the selected range by using another field graph as a surrogate to estimate values based on segments of data when both fields were present and a relationship between them can be determined 10 Graphical Point Editing Allows the user to drag individual data points in anywhere the Y direction FIS 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 Page 126 of 170 SedEvent Us
78. ase over the appropriate keyhole slots in the equipment mounting plate and slide it down into place see Figure 5 1 Figure 5 2 5 5 2 2 Data connection 1 Plug the connector on the telemetry device cable into the green ringed connector labeled TELEMETRY on the front of the datalogger 5 6 ISCO auto sampler 5 6 1 Mounting Figure 5 6 ISCO auto sampler in the SedEvent enclosure To mount the ISCO auto sampler 1 Latch the lifting frame above the auto sampler shelf in the raised position by lifting it up and hooking its handle over the latch hook attached to the ceiling of the enclosure box see Figure 5 1 FIS Page 48 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Manual Chapter 5 Installing the system at the site 5 6 2 to distributor fitting on top housing Intake hose E Pull the auto sampler shelf out to its full extension Place the auto sampler on the shelf with the auto sampler s control panel facing outward toward the operator Hook the supplied mounting brackets through the handles on each side of the lower part of the auto sampler The hook should face outward away from the auto sampler Place the slotted holes in the base of the mounting brackets over the threaded studs on the shelf Fasten the bracket down with the supplied cap nuts Slide the mounting shelf fully into the enclosure Lower the lifting frame until the hooks on each side of it are level with the handles in t
79. ay the Data Table screen Data Table Figure 5 60 Datalogger Data Table screen 4 Verify that the data table holds records containing the expected data fields 5 Use the Jump buttons to move to a desired date and time 6 Touch Home 5 16 4 Verify telemetry devices 5 16 4 1 GOES If your system has a GOES telemetry system FIS 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 Page 85 of 170 SedEvent User Manual Chapter 5 Installing the system at the site 1 Wait for your system to make its first transmission 2 Contact either FTS 1 800 548 4264 or your home office and have someone verify that the transmission was received with adequate signal strength and without errors in the transmission 3 If there are problems contact FTS 1 800 548 4264 for troubleshooting 5 16 4 2 On demand modems If your system has an on demand modem GlobalStar satellite modem phone modem 1 Call your head office and request a test call to your station A test call may consist of collecting current conditions or collecting recent data 2 If there are problems contact FTS 1 800 548 4264 for troubleshooting 5 16 5 Check serial numbers in datalogger Note A visit report has been saved to your USB memory stick so that you have a record of the serial numbers of the equipment currently installed at the site assuming someone earlier populated the serial number table in the datalogger 1 On the datalogger Home screen tou
80. beds can experience major changes in conformation and therefore in flow turbulence and sediment carrying over the course of a season Access for field crews The site ideally allows field crews to perform site visits with a relative minimum of travel time and with convenient and risk free working conditions Auto sampler constraints The site must allow the auto sampler s sampling tube to be run to the stream with no dips Dips in the tubing do not permit water to be purged completely between samples resulting in contamination between samples For a much more detailed discussion of site selection criteria see Lewis and Eads 2008 pages 10 30 Further useful information can be found on the Redwood Sciences Lab website at http www fs fed us psw topics water tts downloaded 12 Dec 2014 4 3 Turbidity sensor and water sampling deployment hardware The DTS 12 turbidity sensor is typically deployed in one of two ways on what is termed a boom or ina carousel In most cases the tube used to draw water samples is attached to the same boom both for convenience and to ensure a consistent relationship between the water measured by the turbidity sensor and that sampled by the auto sampler FIS Page 32 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Manual Chapter 4 Site selection and deployment hardware 4 3 1 Carousels A carousel is a device typically constructed of aluminum for mounting the DTS 12 inside
81. ce not found 9 Touch Home FIS Page 92 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Manual Chapter 6 Site visits 6 3 Site observations 1 Ina field book note the presence of sediment and or debris that is in the channel or obstructing the turbidity probe to be cleared later 2 Read the staff plate but only record within 5 minutes of a datalogger measurement Figure 6 4 Datalogger Typical staff plate 3 View current conditions from datalogger display and record turbidity stage and slot number in notebook a On the datalogger Home screen touch Current Conditions b The Current Conditions screen appears displaying the last readings from user selected variables Current Conditions 13 18 49 Figure 6 5 Datalogger Current Conditions screen FIS Page 93 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Manual Chapter 6 Site visits c If the Current Condition screen does not display the variables you require e g HG TurbMedWw Slot touch Setup to modify this display For details consult the Axiom Configurations Reference d Touch Home 4 Ifthe turbidity value appears to be anomalous examine the turbidity sensor Ensure that it is properly positioned in the flow not surrounded by debris and that its window is clean and its wiper undamaged and functioning properly see Appendix E 5 If the stage value appears to be anomalous recalibrate against
82. ch Service gt Serial Table 2 The Serial Number screen appears Serial Number 16 30 47 pevce peria Number Last Update a 09 09 2014 009 31049 10M 14 25 23 O8 18 2014 1106021 09 21 15 Os 26 2014 Figure 5 61 Datalogger Serial Number screen 3 The table should show all beige backgrounds for device names in the Device column and show the serial numbers in the Serial Number column 4 Ifone or more serial numbers are missing red background or are incorrect based on your records then you must input a serial number a Inthe Device column touch the name of the device with a missing serial number b The Serial Number Update screen appears FIS Page 86 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Manual Chapter 5 Installing the system at the site Serial Number Update Sensor Mame Serial Number Figure 5 62 Datalogger Serial Number Update Screen c Enter or modify Serial Number You may do this in two ways i Manually Touch the Serial Number field and enter or modify serial number ii Auto Detect Touch the Auto Detect button and the device serial number is automatically entered in the Serial Number field d Touch OK 5 16 6 Manually trigger samples 1 On the datalogger Home screen touch Processing gt TSampler gt Aux Sample Last Slot Unknown Current Trigger Yalue Err m Trend Unknown Current Stage 0 0 NTU Current Temperature Err DI Sample Aux Sa
83. ct YES 35 Sample Retry screen appears FIS Page 159 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Guide Appendix D ISCO sampler programming guidelines RETRY UP TO x TIMES WHEN SAMPLING 0 3 36 Enter 0 37 Programming Mode Screen appears BASIC EXTENDED PROGRAMMING MODE 38 Select BASIC 39 Calibrate Sampler screen appears ENABLE DISABLE CALIBRATE SAMPLER 40 Select DISABLE 41 Start Time Delay screen appears xxxx MINUTE DELAY TO START 0 9999 42 Enter 0 43 Master Slave Mode screen appears MASTER SLAVE MODE YES NO 44 Select NO 45 Sample Upon Disable screen appears SAMPLE UPON DISABLE YES NO 46 Select NO 47 Sample Upon Enable screen appears SAMPLE UPON ENABLE YES NO 48 Select YES 49 Reset Sample Interval screen appears RESET SAMPLE INTERVAL YES NO 50 Select YES 51 Event Mark Type screen appears FIS Page 160 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Guide Appendix D ISCO sampler programming guidelines 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 CONTINUOUS SIGNAL PULSE Select PULSE to send a 3 second event mark signal Event Mark Pulse Timing screen appears AT THE BEGINNING OF PURGE FWD PUMPING Select FWD PUMPING Purge Pre Sample Counts screen appears XXX PRE SAMPLE COUNTS 0 9999 Enter th
84. d SSC lab values is captured in a Storm Event A Storm Event both marks a time interval and encompasses a calculated regression FIS Page 128 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Manual Chapter 7 Data analysis curve relating two sets of data over that interval typically SSC suspended sediment count from lab analysis and turbidity from streamside monitoring data A data set can have many different storm events each with its own independent regression curve for estimating sediment load when no water samples are available and for estimating total sediment load over the interval 7 9 1 Adding a new Storm Event To add a new Storm Event to a graph 1 2 Position the cursors to bracket the storm event see section 7 5 Position the mouse cursor over a curve on the graph or over a curve label in the graph legend area see Figure 7 4 Right click and select Add Storm Event The Regression and Calculation Window opens Select the Method tab E Regression and Calculation Selle Station California Creek Event 200 Start 2006 01 09 2006 sieves End 2006 01 12 20 29 Method Notes Attachments Advanced Settings Curve Settings Y Axis z X Axis z Regresssion Model Y Smoother Span F0 2 0 81 V Show Bottle Numbers V Show Eliminations ca Reset Data Please select aY axis WV Estimated Load Figure 7 14 StreamTrac Regression
85. d Tab ss esssesssessseesssessseesseessseossersseessecosscesseesserosseossersseesseessseesse 82 Figure 5 55 Datalogger Telemetry A Power Parameters Tab sesesssesseessesssesseesseessesssesseesseonseoseeoseesseossesseessee 83 Figure 5 56 Datalogger Telemetry A GPS Tab ssesssesssesseessesssesssesseesseossessersseonseoseesseesseosseosersseesseosersseesseossesserssee 83 Figure 5 57 Datalogger Example sensor screen Stage Sensor s sssesseessesssesseesseesseossessersseesseosersseesseossesseessee 84 Figure 5 58 Datalogger Sensor not responding dialog ssesssesssesseessesssesseesseosseoseesseesseossessersseeseossrsseesseossesserssee 84 Figure 5 59 Datalogger Data Status saree M uiuni sunan 85 Figure 5 60 Datalogger Data Table SCr N csssssesscsssssssscscsssssssscsssssssecscsssssssecscsssssesecsssssesecscsesssesscacassesecseasassesscss 85 Figure 5 61 Datalogger Serial Number screen essssssesecscsssssesscscessssscscsssssesscscsssesesscacsssssecscsesssesscscassesececacassessces 86 Figure 5 62 Datalogger Serial Number Update Screen ssesssssssscscsssssssscscssssesscscessesscsessssseseccessssesscacessesscss 87 Figure 5 63 Datalogger TSampler SCrE N cssssssesssssssesscscsssssssscscessssecsesssssssscscsesssesscacassesecseaesssesscscassesescacacsesecss 87 Figure 5 64 Datalogger TSampler Auxiliary Sampling WiNdOW s sssesseessesssesseesseesseossesseesseosseosees
86. de requirements FTS Page 45 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Manual Chapter 5 Installing the system at the site a Figure 5 3 Example streamside enclosure mounting 5 4 Datalogger Lightning protection The Axiom H2 datalogger has built in lightning protection circuitry This protection can be aided by the connection from the datalogger chassis to a single point ground A ground stud on the datalogger accepts one of the green grounding wires from the mounting plate All FTS Forest Technology Systems sensors used shielded cable If the datalogger chassis is well grounded the sensor cables are shielded as well Sensor and telemetry connections The datalogger is watertight even without connectors attached Device connectors sensors and telemetry are circular metal shell bayonet military style connectors which are uniquely keyed and colour coded to minimize erroneous connections When connecting devices to the datalogger ensure that the connectors are dry and free of debris so that no water or dirt gets trapped between the connectors 5 4 1 Mounting and grounding 1 Decide the positioning of the datalogger and the other equipment being installed then position the datalogger over the appropriate keyhole slots in the equipment mounting plate and slide it down into place see Figure 5 1 Figure 5 2 FIS Page 46 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Manual
87. e mouse cursor over an empty area on the graph canvas at the date and time you wish to add the Note FIS Page 121 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Manual Chapter 7 Data analysis 2 Right click and select Add Note 3 The Modify Station Note window opens see Figure 7 8 Modify Station Note Note Date and Time 2005 12 16 w 01 18 Show Full Note On Graph Verticle Position Auto f Manual YY OK X Cancel Figure 7 8 StreamTrac Modify Station Note window 4 Enter the text of the note in the textbox at the top of the window 5 Adjust note date and time on the graph not the current date and time as desired 6 If you wish to display the note text on the graph rather than a small Note icon check Show Full Note on Graph Note text is displayed on a single line so only short notes should be shown 7 Select the Vertical Position if you wish 8 Click OK 9 The Modify Station Note window closes 7 5 2 Editing a Station Note To edit an existing Station Note 1 Position the mouse cursor over a Note icon 2 Right click and select View Modify 3 The Modify Station Note window opens see Figure 7 8 4 Modify the Note details as required 5 Click OK 6 The Modify Station Note window closes FIS Page 122 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Manual Chapter 7 Data analysis 7 5 3 Deleting a Station Note To delete a
88. e number of pre sample pump counts needed to purge the suction line Purge Post Sample Counts Screen appears XXX POST SAMPLE COUNTS 0 9999 Enter the number of post sample pump counts needed to purge the suction line Tubing Life Warning Count screen appears nnnnn PUMP COUNTS WARNING AT xxxxx Enter 500000 Tubing Life Reset Counter Screen appears RESET PUMP COUNTER YES NO If you have changed the pump tube select YES to reset the pump counter to zero Otherwise select NO to leave the counter unchanged Pump Counts To Warning screen appears 500000 PUMP COUNTS TO WARNING Enter 500000 Program Lock screen appears ENABLE DISABLE PROGRAM LOCK Select DISABLE Sampler ID screen appears FIS Page 161 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Guide Appendix D ISCO sampler programming guidelines SAMPLER ID NUMBER IS XXXXXXXXXX 68 Enter 01 69 Run Diagnostics Test Distributor Screen appears TEST DISTRIBUTOR YES NO 70 Select YES 71 Run Diagnostics Re Initialize Screen appears RE INITIALIZE YES NO 72 Select NO 73 Sampler exits configuration sequence and goes to standby 74 Press the Start Sampling Key 75 Start Sampling screen appears START SAMPLING AT BOTTLE xx 1 24 76 Enter 1 77 Bottle Status Screen appears BOTTLE 1 AFTER 1 PULSES 78 ISCO waits for pulse from datalogger FIS Page 162 of 170 700 SedEvent Us
89. e sections we have worked through the elements for two common configurations Here we pull all the considerations together in short form where you can see how the various schedules relate to each other A 4 1 Example 1 TSampler in control of all sampling DTS 12 wiping at each sample interval ee ee ee E S O O O Can a a a ISCO controller Commands issued by TSampler not by ISCO command configuration DTS 12 00 10 00 00 09 00 Measure with pre wipe every 10 min 1 minute offset Stagesensor M 00 10 00 00 09 00 Returns stage water level A 4 2 Example 2 Turbidity triggered and daily sampling DTS 12 wiping hourly C ee ee a l Daia em tag ISCO controller Commands for turbidity triggered samples issued by TSampler not by ISCO command configuration ISCO controller a 24 00 00 10 05 00 Daily sample at 10 05am sample at 10 05 am ISCO controller 00 10 00 00 01 00 Returns Ka a nan slot used publish in variable available for data logging DTS 12 00 10 00 00 09 00 Measure without pre wipe every 10 min 1 minute offset DTS 12 01 00 00 00 58 00 Wipe 2 minutes before the hour 00 10 00 00 09 00 Returns stage water level Note The user must set up a logging function to store the daily sample and the last sample used value FIS Page 140 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Manual Chapter 8 Troubleshooting AppendixB Setting turbidity thresholds Chap
90. easurements at frequent intervals e g every 10 minutes and M8 configured to wipe at much less frequent intervals e g once per hour It is important to set the offsets so that the commands do not collide in this example one wishes to avoid sending an M1 and an M8 to the sensor at the same time If the M1 is configured with interval 00 10 00 10 min and offset 00 09 00 9 min 1 min then M8 could be configured with interval 01 00 00 1 hour and offset 00 58 00 58 min 2 min The wipe will then occur 1 minute before the measurement that occurs on the hour A 3 2 ISCO command scheduling The ISCO controller integrated into the ISCO cable see section 2 2 6 accepts commands M take a Sample and M2 return last slot used Where only turbidity triggered sampling is being done the situation is simpler The TSampler process is entirely in charge of triggering which means sending the ISCO an M command and a typical setup is interval 10 min offset 0 min End of story In some situations a daily sample is required in addition to the turbidity based samples triggered by TSampler In this case an additional daily M sample command must be configured in an independent process As with the turbidity sensor we want to avoid collisions this time between an M command triggered by TSampler and an M command sent on the daily schedule Assuming the usual TSampler configuration interval 10 min offset 0 min we might decide to take a sa
91. ed DTS 12 wiper c sccscsssssssscsssssssesscsssssssscscessssessccsssesscscassssesecscacsesesecassssesecacacsssesescossees 164 Figure 8 4 Incorrectly parked DTS 12 wiper POSITIONS sssesssessessesssesssesseesseessesseesseesseonseoseesseesseossessersseesseoseesse 164 Page viii aP Extreme environments Extreme ruggedness Extremely simple Part Overview This part of the document provides an overview of the SedEvent system s purpose value components and set up Details for lab testing shipping installing field testing regular use and troubleshooting are given in Part ll FTS Page 1 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 mp Extreme environments Extreme ruggedness Extremely simple Chapter 1 Introduction This chapter discusses criteria important in selecting a site for a monitoring station and in selecting the equipment to be installed at the site Chapter contents 1 1 What is the SedEvent turbidity threshold sampling system csessssesssecsssecsssessssecessecsssecsssecsssecsssecssseeneees 3 EA WTO TAG manualis Tonnen A sm ceca evan A OEN NOAN OEEO 4 1 3 Finding what you need in the Manual sesessssesssseessseessseessserssseessseeosseeosserosseeosseeosseeosseeosseeosserosseeosseeosseeosseeosseeesseee 4 1 4 Water quality and Total Maximum Daily Loads TMDL ssssessssesssseessseessseessseessseessseeosseeosseeosseeosseeosseeosseeosseee 4 1 5 The benefits
92. edEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Manual Chapter 5 Installing the system at the site ___ Confirm Stage Settings Stage using old offset O 09669527 Stage using new offset 1 34 Staff Gauge Value 1 34 Sensor Reading 0 09669527 Calculated Offset 1 243305 Are vou sure you would like to confirm these changes Figure 5 47 Datalogger Confirm stage Settings dialog 3 Ifthe staff plate is located at a distance to facilitate setting stage offset accurately the polling option enables you to take a reading at the staff plate at a specific time and return to the datalogger and pick up the stage sensor reading corresponding to that specific time To do this you will need a time piece that can be accurately synchronized to the datalogger s time a From the Stage Sensor screen select Polled then Set Stage SDI_PT Sensor HG1 1 340 HG1 raw 0 097 Tid 21 4 Stage Offset HGl_offsek 1 243 m Clear Offset Time To Next Acquisition 00 00 47 M Foleg 33 Figure 5 48 Datalogger Stage Polled Values screen b The Stage Offset Tool screen is displayed Enter the desired Interval and Timeout times Interval being the polling interval and Timeout being the period of time over which polling will take place The Poll Sample Size refers to how many readings will be averaged per interval FIS Page 78 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Manual Chapter 5 Installing the
93. en appears FIS Page 59 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Manual Chapter 5 Installing the system at the site Data Status 11 30 20 4a Capacity 12 Days Oldest Data O9fo2 2014 19 05 00 Newest Data 1O 20 2014 11 30 00 Est Overwrite 1of27 2014 f Figure 5 17 Datalogger Data Status screen iii Touch Table g iv The Data Table screen appears Data Table 09 59 48 07 14 2010 7 14 2010 f gt sia UMP fo9 50 40 os s9 40 al os s9 40 al Figure 5 18 Datalogger Data Table screen v Adjust the table view using the left right arrows until the column labeled Slot Num isin view vi Scroll through the data looking for increments in the value of Slot Num Each increment represents a sample taken If there are many increments samples taken in a relatively short amount of time this may be drawing down the battery It is possible that sampling thresholds or other parameters may need adjusting to reduce the number of samples taken or it may be that this has just been a highly eventful period vii Alternatively you can examine the Slot Num value using the Graph feature from the Data Status screen See the Axiom Datalogger Configuration Reference for details d determine whether the solar panel is working FIS 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 Page 60 of 170 SedEvent User Manual Chapter 5 Installing the system at the site i On the da
94. ency of data collection during events or storms All river systems particularly smaller watersheds that respond very quickly to rainfall benefit from automated data collection In rain dominated regions most suspended sediment is transported during a small number of events While it is possible to rely solely on manual measurements important storm flows are usually infrequent and difficult to predict When they do occur trained personnel may not be available to collect the required information Infrequent systematic manual sampling will not provide adequate information to make credible suspended sediment load estimates under these conditions Currently there is no reliable method to directly measure suspended sediment concentration in the field Typically water discharge is not a good predictor of sediment concentration in rivers and streams where bulk sediment content is transported as fine loads The reason is that the delivery methods of the sediment from hill slopes roads and landslides are highly variable and discharge alone cannot account for this variability For rivers that transport mostly sand the water discharge and concentration may be more closely coupled if transport depends mainly on stream power to mobilize in channel sources that are not easily flushed from the system FTS Page 5 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Manual Chapter 1 Introduction In streams transporting fine sediment a
95. er Manual Chapter 7 Data analysis 11 Mathematical Editing Fills a range of data using a user defined mathematical formula A formula can use another field within the current record set to calculate values 12 Restore Original Data Discards all changes to the data in the selected range and replaces it with the original raw data stored in the database 7 8 Incorporating laboratory analysis After samples have been sent to the laboratory and the SSC suspended sediment concentration for each has been determined the SSC values can be entered in StreamTrac to permit regressions relating turbidity and SSC to be performed and applied to the data To enter SSC values 1 In StreamTrac open the Site Visit corresponding to samples for which you have lab values a Select Site Visit gt View All Site Visits b The Site Visits window opens A Site Visits Choose Visit date filter Victoria Rain Stations Filter ALL _ California Creek MHOO1 _ MHO06 _ MH007 _ Victoria Rain 2010 06 22 13 25 California Creek 2006 03 06 17 40 California Creek California Creek California Creek California Creek California Creek California Creek California Creek MHOO7 MH007 MH007 MHOO7 MHOO7 MH007 2006 03 06 17 38 2006 03 06 17 31 2006 03 06 17 29 2006 03 06 17 25 2006 03 06 17 16 2006 03 06 17 03 2006 03 06 16 57 2007 04 05 00 00 2007 04 05 00 00 2007 04 05 00 00 2007 04 05 00 00 2007 04 05 00
96. er Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Guide Appendix F Notes from the Field TS AppendixE Troubleshooting DTS 12 wiper FIS Page 163 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Guide Appendix E Troubleshooting DTS 12 wiper 1 Figure 8 3 shows the correctly parked wiper position that can vary by 5 Notice that the wiper arm projects past the circumference of the optical face This is an important consideration with respect to protective housing design Any sensor carousel must allow for this range of wiper motion Figure 8 3 Correctly parked DTS 12 wiper 2 Error Reference source not found 4 below shows an incorrectly parked wiper position ndicative of either a power termination mid wipe no wiper failure check the power from your datalogger or a failure in the wiper reference system The wiper should slightly overshoot the cleaning groove to clean the debris from the edge of the blade If the wiper reference system fails as indicated by variable and incorrect parked positions the probe must be returned to FTS for repair 3 Error Reference source not found below shows another incorrect wiper position indicative of failure in the wiper reference system In this case the wiper has overshot the proper parked position A normal wipe command cycles the blade bi directionally once between the two grooves It should not wipe this far during normal operation Power termination mid wipe Fai
97. erweight submersible pressure transducer and non submersible pressure transducer bubbler 4 4 2 1 Noncontact stage sensor Noncontact sensors work by broadcasting ultrasound or radio waves perpendicular to the water s surface and converting the bidirectional travel time to a distance Ultrasonic sensors compensate for changes in sound speed due to variations in ambient air temperature The sensor is mounted in a fixed location over the stream channel often on a bridge and above the highest expected maximum stage Increasing the height of the sensor and rough water surface conditions reduce the stage precision Noncontact sensors are used in channels with highly mobile beds that undergo frequent scour and fill and where other methods are not reliable The accuracy of this type of sensor may not be adequate for some applications 4 4 2 2 Shaft encoder with a float and counterweight A rotational shaft encoder connected to a float and counterweight mounted inside a stilling well can produce accurate stage readings provided the intakes remain free from sediment and the float tape or beaded line does not slip on the shaft s pulley Such an encoder produces values with a precision of about 0 01 ft 0 3 cm 4 4 2 3 Submersible pressure transducer Submersible pressure transducers can be mounted in a length of pipe and secured at right angles to the flow below the lowest stage of interest They operate by sensing changes in the water pressure
98. es Water samples are taken as certain conditions of the specified Trigger are met Select Home gt Processes More than one Threshold Sampling Process can be generated by providing each data point with a unique identifier This is particularly useful in storm water applications To configure the threshold sampling process in the datalogger 1 On the datalogger Home screen touch Processing FTS Page 71 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Manual Chapter 5 Installing the system at the site 2 The Processes screen appears Processes Figure 5 36 Datalogger Processes screen 3 Ifthe Processing screen contains an icon labeled TSampler a Touch TSampler b Ifthe process has already been configured the TSampler viewing screen appears 14 20 44 Last Slot Current Trigge Yalue 27 3 NTU Trend Falling Current Stage 0 56 tm Current Temperature 19 76 C DI Sample Aux Sample Figure 5 37 Datalogger TSampler viewing screen i Touch Setup ii The TSampler screen appears see Figure 5 39 Select the Setup cog and continue at step 5 4 If no TSampler icon exists yet a Touch Add Process plus sign b The Please Select Process Type screen appears FIS Page 72 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Manual Chapter 5 Installing the system at the site Please Select Process Type i x gt max then x maz Script Figure 5 38
99. eshold calculator applet or manually calculate thresholds as follows Compute d U L N 1 The thresholds between Land U are L d L 2d L N 2 d 2 ee eS ww N Because of the way the algorithm is written additional thresholds are needed at 0 and above the sensor measurement range e g 9999 8 The complete set of rising thresholds to be assigned is 0 L L d L 2d L N 2 d U 9999 B 3 4 Falling thresholds The procedure is similar to that for rising thresholds except 1 guidelines for determining L U and N are slightly different 2 no threshold is needed above the sensor s range and 3 thresholds are assigned in descending order in the Campbell TTS turbidity threshold sampling program 1 L should be a value that is at or above typical inter storm turbidity values In small streams it should be a value that is expected to occur before the stage falls enough to expose either the turbidity sensor or the pumping sampler intake It is best to choose a different L for falling turbidity than for rising turbidity Otherwise it is likely that in a small storm event where only the lowest rising and falling thresholds are exceeded only two samples would be collected both at nearly the same turbidity 2 N should be higher than that chosen for rising thresholds 3 Nand U can be altered in a trial and error fashion to minimize redundancy between rising and falling
100. essseessseeosseeosseeosseeosserosseessss 15 25 SU MT S ONE aa EAA E A E E 16 Fl S Page 8 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Manual Chapter 2 System overview 2 1 Parts of the system MASE EEE EEEE EENE EEEE PPP SP BS BOSS OB SSS S BS SSS SS SSS SSS ETOO OOOO TOO OOO OO eee eee ee Sewer ewersorsseesesessoeesosesoesescesooss Figure 2 1 Parts of the system FTS Page 9 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Manual 2 2 Instrumentation and sensors 2 2 1 Axiom H2 datalogger Figure 2 2 Axiom H2 datalogger 2 2 2 DTS 12 turbidity sensor Figure 2 3 DTS 12 turbidity sensor 2 2 3 Carousel for DTS 12 Figure 2 4 Carousel for DTS 12 FIS 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 Chapter 2 System overview The Axiom H2 is a robust weatherproof plug amp play configurable datalogger An integrated touch screen display and temperature compensated battery charge regulator are standard along with dual telemetry ports and 3 USB connections Sensor connections are via SDI 12 communications with an additional dedicated rain gauge input The TSampler process drives the strategic event driven grab sampling The DTS 12 Turbidity Sensor measures turbidity and suspended solid concentrations in liquids The measurement range of the DTS 12 is 0 1600 NTU Digital SDI 12 communication provides plug amp play connection to the Axi
101. esssscsesessesees 122 Figure 7 9 StreamTrac Confirm delete Note WINGOW csssssecsssssscsssssscsssesscsssesscsssesscsssessesssecsssssesssssscsssesscsees 123 Figure 7 10 StreamTrac Graph window with CULSOMS cscsesesssscscscscscsssssssssssssseseesescssscsessssssesesesesescasacssssseesesess 124 Figure 7 11 StreamTrac Data Correction context MENU ssessessessessessessessesseseeseesseseessesseseoseoseoseoseoseosessessessesses 126 Figure 7 12 StreaMmTrac Site Visits WINKOW csssscssscssssssssssssssscssscsecssssssssssssssssesesesescsesssssssssseseseseseacscsessssseesesess 127 Figure 7 13 StreamTrac Site Visit window Carousel Bottle Mapping tab sssessesseessessessesseessesseoseeseessesse 128 Figure 7 14 StreamTrac Regression and Calculation window Method tab s sssesseessesssesseesseesseossesseesss 129 Figure 7 15 StreamTrac Event Summary WINKOW ccsssssesecscssssessccsssesecscsssssssecscsssssecscsssssesecsesssssesseseasseseesessaees 131 Figure 7 16 StreamTrac Confirm delete Storm Event WINKOW ccsssscsssssssssesscsssesscsssessssssecssssseesssssecssssssesees 132 Figure 8 1 USFS Turbidity Threshold Calculator web PpaGe scssssssssssecscsssssssssscsssssesscsssssesecsssssseseessassesessesseees 144 Figure 8 2 Sun Microsystems Java 2 download PAaGE s sssscsssesscecsesecsssesssssssssccsssecscsssecsesssscsssesscsesseessesseeeseesesesees 145 Figure 8 3 Correctly park
102. f how to use StreamTrac is outside the scope of this manual but here we give an outline of the process For details on various elements of this outline see the StreamTrac Help 1 In StreamTrac set up a station into which you will load the data Stations gt Station Setup gt New Station 2 Tocollect data via telemetry GSNet GOES satellite via internet radio modem phone modem direct connect a Setup an appropriate communications protocol in the station definition Stations gt Station Setup gt Communications tab gt Add Modify Communication Method b Optionally set up a station data collection schedule Stations gt Station Setup gt Schedule tab c Optionally set up group s for your stations to do group calling Stations gt Group Setup d Optionally manually call a station or group Data gt Collect Data amp Telemetry Calls 3 To collect data from a USB memory stick a If you collected data in binary format bin run the data converter program to convert it to a CSV file csv b Import the data Data gt Import gt CSV amp Text FIS Page 110 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Manual ry Chapter 7 Data analysis This chapter briefly reviews procedures for analyzing the data collected from the SedEvent system using the FTS StreamTrac software For more complete details on using StreamTrac see the StreamTrac Help Chapter contents
103. from the datalogger s front panel SOLAR PANEL input This practice is not advisable as power from the solar panel is intermittent Because the datalogger has two inputs which can power the datalogger there is a proper procedure for power cycling the datalogger to ensure proper start up and shut down FIS Page 56 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Manual Chapter 5 Installing the system at the site 5 10 3 1 Safe power on sequence The safe power on sequence for the datalogger is 1 Ensure the battery cable is properly connected to the battery 2 Connect the battery cable to the datalogger s battery input 3 Connect the solar panel cable to the datalogger s solar panel input 5 10 3 2 Safe power off sequence The safe power off sequence for the datalogger is 1 Disconnect the solar panel cable from the datalogger s solar panel input 2 Disconnect the battery cable from the datalogger s battery input 3 If power cycling the datalogger wait a minimum of 5 seconds before reconnecting the datalogger s battery input 5 11 Using the datalogger interface In the remainder of this chapter you will be working with the Axiom H2 datalogger s touch screen interface It s worth going over a few basics before proceeding to specific verification procedures 5 11 1 Datalogger Home screen Figure 5 12 shows the Home screen of the datalogger All datalogger functions are reached starting fr
104. g The FTS RG T tipping bucket rain gauge is supplied with a mounting plate which can be fastened to any desired surface and which enables the rain gauge to mounted and leveled easily and accurately Rain gauge cylinder Rain gauge mounting arm Cylinder retaining clips ______ r one on each side Mounting bracket a support arm Rain gauge base plate Mounting bracket base plate Data cable Figure 5 9 RG T tipping bucket rain gauge To mount the rain gauge 1 Attach the rain gauge mounting bracket to a suitable surface or object 2 Attach the body of the rain gauge to the mounting bracket by inserting round tenon on the end of the rain gauge mounting arm into one of the two holes at the end of the mounting bracket support arm as shown in Figure 5 9 The rain gauge base plate should be roughly level 3 Adjust the cam clamp on the mounting bracket support arm so that when its handle is fully depressed it very firmly clamps the rain gauge mounting arm 4 Slightly release the cam clamp on the mounting bracket support arm so that it provides enough friction to hold the rain gauge mounting bracket in place but does not immobilize it 5 Loosen the locking clamp on the rain gauge mounting arm just enough that the vertical adjustment screw can move the base plate up and down as it is turned You are aiming for the sweet spot where the vertical adjustment works smoothly and where tightening the locking clamp fully
105. hat stage and turbidity on the H2 datalogger display agree with the values reported on the Site Details tab If they do not agree enter the correct values from the datalogger display and make a note in the Site Visit file 6 6 Depth integrated DI and auxiliary sampling 6 6 1 Depth integrated DI sampling The purpose of depth integrated DI sampling is to provide reference data points that more accurately represent the integrated cross stream sediment load These depth integrated reference data points can be used to calibrate the point samples taken by the SedEvent system Current practice Eads 2006 Lewis 2006 recommends defining 6 turbidity ranges that cover the entire range of turbidity encountered at the site Within each range it is recommended to acquire 3 sample FIS Page 99 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Manual Chapter 6 Site visits pairs pumped point sample depth integrated sample in each season i e 3 pairs per turbidity range distributed across the hydro year To collect a depth integrated sample 1 Prepare to collect a depth integrated sample You will probably need one person to operate the SedEvent system and one person to manipulate the sampler in the stream For equipment and methods see for example Edwards and Glysson 1999 2 Immediately after you have collected the depth integrated sample from the stream collect a paired DI sample with the auto sampler 3
106. he figure below shows a typical installation with conduit running from the equipment enclosure to the stream The SedEvent enclosure comes equipped with standard 2 inch pipe elbows attached to each cable port for attaching conduit Protective conduit Enclosure Figure 4 11 Streamside monitoring installation with conduit protecting cables 4 4 Stage sensor deployment 4 4 1 Initial considerations First determine if a stream gauging site already exists nearby If the data can be accessed and accurately related in time with your sensor readings your installation will not need a stage sensor Depending on the type of pre existing stream gauge it is possible that it can yield much more accurate estimates of flow volume than your contemplated stage sensor installation which in turn will yield more accurate estimates of total sediment load if that is part of your monitoring program objectives Second the conditions at your site will determine the most suitable stage sensor for your application Section 4 4 2 below discusses the various types of stage sensor and where they are most useful FIS Page 38 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Manual Chapter 4 Site selection and deployment hardware 4 4 2 Types of stage sensing devices The information in this section is adapted with thanks from Lewis and Eads 2008 There are four general categories of stage sensing devices noncontact float and count
107. he specified command is sent to the sensor The Offset is also in hh mm ss format and specifies how long after midnight the first command is sent to the sensor The specified Offset must be less than the specified Interval IMPORTANT Interval and Offset specify the time the command to the SDI sensor is initiated When configuring the sensor the user must consider the sensor s measurement response time so that the data returned from the sensor is available to the datalogger prior to the desired log process or transmission time If you are uncertain about how to select these values please see the Axiom Datalogger Configuration Reference and Appendix D for an extended discussion Field experience has shown that an interval of 10 to 15 minutes works well Data is taken often enough to ensure good coverage of even short events and the data buffers in the datalogger can easily handle this data rate without overflowing between transmissions A safe offset for most sensors is 10 seconds prior to the sensor interval For example with a sensor interval of 10 minutes the sensor offset would be 9 min 50 sec Other considerations may make it convenient to make the offset 1 minute 5 15 2 Detecting sensors Most sensors connected to the datalogger can be automatically detected and have important configuration data collected from them for your convenience The following procedure describes how to configure sensors using device detection 1 From
108. he upper part of the auto sampler Hook the sampler handles through the lifting hooks This may take a little effort Suction hose Pump Controller fa m yA G Output hose Figure 5 7 ISCO 6712 pump connections To attach the suction hose to the auto sampler Insert the supplied hose coupling into one end of the suction hose Feed the coupling end of the suction hose through the pipe elbow on the left side of the enclosure Slip a pipe clamp over the intake hose on the auto sampler see Figure 5 7 FIS Page 49 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Manual Chapter 5 Installing the system at the site 4 Insert the coupling on the end of the suction hose into the sampler intake hose Ensure it is well seated and secure it with the pipe clamp 5 Route the suction hose to the streamside location where the sampling boom is to be located Ideally the hose has only a few and very gentle bends in it and has a gradual and uniform slope between stream and sampling enclosure 5 6 3 Data connection To connect the auto sampler to the datalogger 1 Plug the 6 pin end of the ISCO controller cable see Figure 2 8 this end is nearest to the controller package on the cable into the Flow Meter connector on the ISCO back panel see figure below Battery Flow meter connector connector Figure 5 8 ISCO 6712 back panel 2 Plug the orange marked end of the ISCO controller cable into one
109. ical and physical views of the laboratory setup FTS Page 20 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Manual Chapter 3 Preparing for the field i PPPS SSS SSS SSS SSS SSTSSSSSSSASFC STS FC SF eS F2282 Figure 3 1 Block diagram of SedEvent system FTS Page 21 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Manual Chapter 3 Preparing for the field ISCO 6712 ISCO controller Auto sampler auto sampler integrated into cable recirculation loop Stage sensor cable p DTS 12 turbidity sensor Black bucket for turbidity calibration Notes Lab power supply alternative to battery Figure 3 2 Laboratory set up of SedEvent system 1 Orange ringed SDI 12 connectors on the Axiom H2 datalogger are all equivalent and are not sensor specific They will work with any SDI 12 compliant sensor wired with a compatible connector 2 A spare battery cable fuse is included should you accidentally connect the power cable to the wrong battery polarity Doing so will not damage the datalogger but will blow the fuse To set up the SedEvent system in the laboratory refer to Figure 3 2 1 Arrange the required system components for convenient access Placing the datalogger and the turbidity calibration equipment on a bench or table usually makes the work easier FIS Page 22 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 201
110. ice Type GS Standard C51 Failsafe OF NesID 123456 Self Timed 1112 bytes at 15 25 00 RTC Invalid Cutoff 6 54 der Resume 11 der ae Telem Telem 6 L g Figure 5 51 Datalogger Telemetry screen 3 Touch the Status The Telemetry A G5 Status screen appears Telemetry 4 G5 C51 Status 14 59 49 NESIO 123456 Time To Wext Tx 00 00 00 G5 Sy Yer 5 02 2012 06 15 65 Serial 1106021 RTC Invalid Failsafe OK Tip JEDI Self Timed 1139 of Max 340 bytes at 00 00 00 GPS Antenna Disconnected GPS Time of Fix Mot Available Antenna Inclination Mot Available Antenna Bearing Mot Available Figure 5 52 Datalogger Telemetry Status screen 4 Select the Setup cog The Telemetry A G5 CS1 or CS 2 Setup screen appears in viewing mode Select Edit to input the fields FIS Page 80 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Manual Chapter 5 Installing the system at the site Telemetry A G5 C5S1 Setup i hea Esa Iy Transmitter Self Timed GPS MESIO 123456 Satellite WEST Transmit Power Levels 1200 bps der 300 bps dem 100 bps dEm Figure 5 53 Datalogger Telemetry A Setup screen viewing mode 5 Transmitter Tab a NESID assigned from the United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration NOAA b Satellite the assigned GOES satellite East for odd channels and West for even channels c Transmit Power levels for CS 1 levels are 37 5 or
111. igure 6 14 Datalogger Download Data screen showing drop down Date Range menu 4 Select the time period to collect data from in the Date Range drop down If you choose Custom the From and To controls for date and time control the time period and not for any other choice in the drop down 5 Select the Output Format of the file to be downloaded CSV Binary or CSV SHEF For details and an explanation of the different format types see the Axiom H2 Datalogger Configuration Reference The following example will use CSV 6 Select which variables to download Touch the Select Variables button Use the arrows to move variables between the two columns The double arrows will move the entire list FIS Page 104 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Manual Chapter 6 Site visits Select Variables Available Variables Variables to Download TS_slot TS thr_code Figure 6 15 Datalogger Download Data screen Select Variables screen 7 Touch OK to return to the Download Data screen 8 Select or de select the Include Units Line and Replace blank fields with 99999 in accordance with your preferences 9 Press the Download button The csv or Binary Exporting window appears iss 1g Date Range From 8 18 2014 ns 11 40 aly Replace blank fields with 99999 Ey Figure 6 16 Datalogger CSV Exporting window 10 When data exporting is complete the CSV Binary Exporting window closes and the
112. in a stream cross section diagram courtesy U S Geological Service OlsOm amp NOMS 2005 sne a E EE R R 41 Figure 5 1 Diagram of empty streamside ENClOSULE ccssecsssssecsssscsssssescsssecsssssscsssssscsssescsssesscassesscsssecsssssecsessssesees 44 Figure 5 2 Diagram of streamside enclosure with equipment installed s sssessseesseesssessseesseessseossersseesseessseesss 45 Figure 5 3 Example streamside enclosure MOuUnNtiNng sesseessessesseessessesseessesscsscoseesscssceseessesscoseoseesscsscoseessesseeseoseessessee 46 FIGURE 34 BOM GOES an Peri ea ct cen ah ret bead eateries Seastensistitelb td taeshisialitacsbansl ienstbeedtsietaieets 47 FIQUIE s3 GPSAMENNa aeiia a a a a EE T ee eee neers aa 47 Figure 5 6 ISCO auto sampler in the SedEvent encloSure sssesssesseessesssesseesseessesseesseesseosseosersseesseosersseesseossesserssee 48 Figure 5 ISCO 67IZ HUMP CONNECUONS sinici nieee eaa E EREE 49 SedEvent User Manual Table of Figures EIGUE 528 DCO 6712 Dack panel eaan aE A A 50 Figure 5 9 RG T tipping bpucketrain GAUGE serenana an NAR 52 Figure 5 10 Battery GCONnMe CON srono a addi eantiaan a eeiaian a 54 FIGURE 5 115 Typical SOlar panel instal ACORN secesrzcctisarasvoczavscasesshesacxaszoatecsaccnusaacsatenarceenee teat peanescatm nemesis 55 Figure 5 12 Datalogger HOME SCN sscssssssssssssssssssscsssssssscscsssssssscscsssssecscsssssesscscasssseccscassesecscscassesecacassssessescassees 57 Figure 5 13 Data
113. in some conditions For more details see 8 3Appendix E in this document and the DTS 12 User Manual 6 9 GetanEnd Visit Report from the datalogger 1 Ensure the memory stick is inserted in the USB HOST port on the datalogger front panel On the datalogger Home page touch Service gt Visit Report Touch End Visit The Save Report screen appears Touch OK It will take a few moments for the file to be saved E E E A dialog box will appear once the report is successfully saved Touch OK The Visit Report screen reappears in Start Visit mode 6 Touch Home 7 Remove the USB memory stick from the datalogger front panel 6 10 Add notes and documents to StreamTrac Site Visit 1 Remove the USB memory stick from the front panel of the datalogger and plug it into the field laptop 2 On the memory stick you will find a hierarchy of folders like that shown in the diagram below 4 My Computer Se OS C E lt 4 DVD RAM Drive D al KINGSTON E 3 5 H2 Data Logger G Rods TTS i Config i Data fem VisitReport Figure 6 20 Datalogger memory stick folder hierarchy 3 Copy all new files and folders in this hierarchy to the hard drive in the field laptop 4 Download all photographs taken at this site to the hard drive in the field laptop FIS Page 108 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Manual Chapter 6 Site visits 5 In StreamTrac on the Site Visit window click the Notes Attachments
114. in the manual The manual is carefully organized to make finding the information you need as easy as possible The front table of contents provides a general index to the material Each chapter also has a detailed table of contents The manual is divided into parts separating the manual into an overview and details Part presents an overview of the system Parts Il and Ill present the details The details are organized sequentially starting with receiving and testing your system in the laboratory Further chapters describe field set up site visits and troubleshooting throughout its working life Part IV contains references and a glossary of abbreviations and terms specific to the SedEvent system If you have any suggestions on how to improve this manual please do not hesitate to contact FTS at service ftsenvironmental com 1 4 Water quality and Total Maximum Daily Loads TMDL Water is one of our most precious natural resources and is often taken for granted until threatened by problems of quantity and quality Excessive suspended sediment in streams and rivers is a significant pollutant that is receiving increasing attention as growing land use and development pressures make their impact on our environment FTS Page 4 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Manual Chapter 1 Introduction Often traditional techniques for studying suspended sediment revolve around intensive time consuming and potentia
115. information on selecting threshold values Figure 5 42 Datalogger TSampler Thresholds screen a Changea Value To change a value select the field you want to change and type in the desired value when the keyboard screen is displayed Select OK The changed value will be displayed and automatically ordered in the ascending scale b AddaValue To add a value select the Add icon from the desired column and type in the desired value when the keyboard screen is displayed Select OK The changed value will be displayed and automatically ordered in the ascending scale C Deletea Value To delete a value select the Delete icon beside the value you wish to delete You will be prompted to confirm the deletion Select OK 10 Advanced Tab The Advanced tab on the TSampler screen displays the advanced settings used for the Trigger sensor These settings outline the hysteresis for the thresholds as well as the minimum interval settings Default settings are shown below and can be modified in accordance with specific configuration plans FIS Page 75 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Manual Chapter 5 Installing the system at the site TSampler 16 51 04 Process S65 chg of local maximum to declare Falling chg of local minimum to declare rising Min Trigger value fie NTU chg For reversal From Falling of Sample Intervals to wait after threshold is crossed before taking sample Sample Intervals
116. ing box Zoom level can be controlled by drawing a bounding box on the graph with the mouse cursor When a bounding box is drawn the graph display zooms in or out to display the selected area The box can control either X axis zoom only or both X and Y axis zoom 7 4 2 1 Toggling Y axis bounding box zooming on or off In some cases it is most convenient to be able to zoom only on the X axis in others it is preferable to be able to zoom on both X and Y axes To control Y axis zooming 1 Inthe upper control bar of the graph window see Figure 7 4 click the drop down arrow beside View 2 The View control appears see Figure 7 6 3 Click Allow Vertical Zooming to toggle Y axis zooming to the other state 7 4 2 2 Looming in using a bounding box 1 Draw a bounding box on the graph a Position the cursor at a point in the main graph display corresponding to the beginning of the X time interval and to one end of the Y measurement interval you wish to Zoom in on b Press and hold the left mouse button and drag the cursor to the end of the X time interval and the other end of the Y measurement interval you wish to zoom in on c The window displays a rectangle stretching from the beginning cursor position to the current position d Release the left mouse button 2 The displayed X time interval for the graph is changed to the X interval selected by your mouse selection If Allow Vertical Zooming is selected see section
117. intervals Although the datalogger allows you to select FIS Page 138 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Guide Appendix A Selecting sensor interval and offset values interval and offset without constraints it is far simpler to pick a base period e g 10 minutes and then use submultiples e g 1 2 and 5 minutes of it as intervals for various activities than it is to try to understand the interactions of activities that occur at entirely independent intervals with complex timing relationships e g TSampler every 10 min turbidity every 3 min stage every 7 min where the same timing relationship would only recur every 210 minutes A 3 Sensorcommands and scheduling A sensor can have several commands it responds to Each command for a sensor has a separate schedule interval and offset in the datalogger This leads to further considerations in scheduling A 3 1 DTS 12 command scheduling The DTS 12 turbidity sensor accepts commands M1 measure without pre wipe M2 measure with pre wipe and M8 wipe only The datalogger automatically pre configures with the M1 and M2 commands when it detects a DTS 12 Commonly only the M2 measure with pre wipe command is scheduled for example with interval 10 min and offset 9 min 1 min Pre wiping consumes considerable power but often this is not an issue If power consumption is an issue then M1 measure without pre wipe can be configured to take m
118. ion SSC from the known volume of water The sample volume is measured and then the sediment is filtered out dried and weighed The weight of the sediment by volume provides the SSC at the time the sample was collected Comparing these SSC samples to the measured turbidity when the samples were taken establishes the SsC turbidity relationship for a series of points in time Combining numerous samples at different turbidities during an event allows a sediment rating curve to be established best fit curve through the results This rating can then be applied to the rest of the continuous turbidity measurements to estimate continuous SSCs By combining SSC with the measured stream flow its total sediment load over time can be estimated accurately 2 4 Turbidity threshold sampling algorithm overview The turbidity threshold sampling TTS algorithm was developed based on Rand Eads sampling logic Lewis amp Eads 1996 The algorithm is embedded in the FTS Axiom H2 datalogger which controls the instrumentation in the monitoring package Typical input for configuring the algorithm includes information on expected stage and turbidity ranges Sampling is typically set at 10 minute intervals which is ideal for small flashy watersheds Longer 15 minute intervals may be used for larger basins At the beginning of each measurement interval the DTS 12 turbidity probe wipes its optical surface and collects 100 turbidity measurements in 5 seconds These dat
119. irectly into the laptop without the need to transcribe it from handwritten notes and you can examine the collected data using the sophisticated graphing capabilities in StreamTrac 3 4 Checklists and forms To ensure a smooth site installation you should prepare the following checklists and information forms before you go into the field Examples of each checklist or form are given in the following sections FIS Page 25 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Manual Chapter 3 Preparing for the field 3 4 1 Example pre departure activity checklist O Check received SedEvent system for shipping damage and for presence of all correct parts O Contact FTS if you suspect or are unsure if a software upgrade is required for a particular device e g datalogger sensor Perform laboratory tests of SedEvent system Enter serial numbers of other equipment sensors etc in datalogger s serial number table Pack SedEvent system Pack laptop with StreamTrac software and USB datalogger cable Pack other equipment Pack materials for building installing enclosure mount Pack materials for installing solar panel Pack materials for installing GOES antenna other telemetry antenna Pack toolkit see checklist OOddedaoOaOdddada Oo Arrange for standby personnel to check verify telemetry transmissions while you are on site O Check weather forecast for site date s FIS Page 26 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manua
120. isit report to document changes made 1 Insert a USB memory stick into a USB HOST port on the front panel of the datalogger 2 On the datalogger Home page touch Service 3 The Service screen appears Service 10 57 00 Set Dates Visit Report Audit Log Time D Datalogger Screen Passwords Update Calibration Logout Figure 6 1 Datalogger Service screen 4 Touch Visit Report The Visit Report screen should appear in Start Visit mode indicated by the Start Visit button FIS Page 91 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Manual Chapter 6 Site visits Visit Report Technician RG Trip Figure 6 2 Datalogger Visit Report screen in Start Visit mode If the Visit Report screen appears in End Visit mode indicated by the End Visit button in place of the Start Visit buttonError Reference source not found a Touch End Visit The Save Report screen appears b Touch OK c The End Visit Report is written to the USB memory stick and the Visit Report screen appears in Start Visit mode indicated by the Start Visit button 5 Enter or modify Technician identification e g initials or name and Trip 6 Touch Start Visit The Save Report screen appears Save Report Figure 6 3 Datalogger Visit Report Save Report screen 7 Touch OK 8 The report is written to the USB memory stick and the Visit Report screen reappears in End Visit modeError Reference sour
121. ite Visits are records added by field crews when performing a site visit A Site Visit is indicated by an icon positioned on the graph according to the date and time of the visit FIS Page 118 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Manual Chapter 7 Data analysis a Toviewa short description of the Site Visit record hover over the icon b To view or edit details of the Site Visit right click on the icon and select View Modify c Forinformation on adding Site Visits see Chapter 6 5 Bottle Numbers Bottle Numbers indicate a water sample taken Bottle Numbers are generated automatically from information stored in the sampling records by the datalogger A Bottle Number is indicated by an icon containing the bottle number e g A Bottle Number icon is positioned according to the date and time of the sample 6 Raw Edits If you correct edit data in the graph both your original raw data and the corrected edited data are stored in the database When this option is selected areas of the graph that have been edited are shown in a different colour 7 Staff Plate A staff plate observation is part of the record added by field crews when performing a site visit A Staff Plate value is indicated by an icon positioned on the Stage curve of the graph at the date and time of the site visit a To view a short description of the staff plate record hover over the icon b To view or edit details of the Si
122. ize organic debris and bed load that may cause fouling Here are general recommendations for routine sensor maintenance 1 Service the section of the stream where measurements are being taken a Remove branches and debris b Read and record the staff plate after clearing the measurement section of the stream 2 Service the turbidity probe and sampling boom between measurement intervals a Remove any debris from the housing and the leading edge of the sampling boom b Remove sediment from inside housing by rapidly pushing the boom up and down stream FIS Page 107 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Manual Chapter 6 Site visits c Adjust the boom height if necessary but use caution since there is a tendency to over correct the height resulting in a setting that is too high or too low Most sites do not require adjustment 3 During non storm visits clean the sensor optics if necessary 4 Ifa sensor s optical face exhibits fouling or is damaged e g scratched from being buried in bed load measurements should be carried out before and after cleaning and or resurfacing The difference between these measurements can be used for data corrections at a later date using StreamTrac For details see the DTS 12 FAQ frequently asked questions pamphlet 5 The DTS 12 wiper design is robust requires minimal maintenance and has proved effective over long periods of time However it can be damaged
123. l Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Manual Chapter 3 Preparing for the field 3 4 2 Example toolkit checklist User guides and manuals C SedEvent User Guide C Axiom H2 Datalogger User Guide C Sensor user manuals e g DTS 12 stage sensor For equipment inside enclosure 3 8 socket driver or wrench for ISCO mounting brackets equipment ground connectors 10 mm socket driver or wrench for battery terminals small crescent wrench 2 Phillips head screwdriver 3 Phillips head screwdriver 00000 Oo 2 slot head screwdriver For building installing enclosure mount O 7 16 combination wrench for enclosure mounting bolts O E For installing solar panel O O For installing GOES antenna O OOO da FIS Page 27 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Manual 3 4 3 Example pre departure information recording form Site information O Magnetic declination at site if using a Yagi antenna O Latitude at site O Solar panel tilt angle lat x 0 9 30 deg GOES information GOES NESID GOES channel number GOES transmit interval 000o oOo do GOES transmit offset Equipment model numbers MN serial numbers SN and software versions SWV O Datalogger O MN O SN O SWV L Stage sensor O MN O SN O SWV O Turbidity sensor O MN O SN O SWV L Rain gauge O MN O SN O SWV L ISCO auto sampler O MN O SN FIS 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 GOES
124. le online at http water usgs gov osw techniques TSS LewisTSS pdf downloaded 07 Jul 2010 Lewis Jack 2003 Turbidity controlled sampling for suspended sediment load estimation In Bogen J Tharan Fergus and Des Walling eds Erosion and Sediment Transport Measurement in Rivers Technological and Methodological Advances Proc Oslo Workshop 19 20 June 2002 IAHS Publ 283 13 20 M Available online at http www fs fed us psw publications lewis lewis redbook03 pdf downloaded 07 Jul 2010 Lewis Jack 2006 Personal communication Discussion on using depth integrated samples to calibrate grab samples for turbidity threshold sampling systems Lewis Jack and Rand Eads 1996 Turbidity controlled suspended sediment sampling Watershed Management Council Newsletter 6 4 1 amp 4 5 Available online at http www watershed org g node 221 downloaded 21 Jul 2010 Lewis Jack and Rand Eads 1998 Automatic real time control of suspended sediment based upon high frequency in situ measurements of nephelometric turbidity In Gray John and Larry Schmidt Organizers Proceedings of the Federal Interagency Workshop on Sediment Technology for the 21st Century February 17 20 1998 St Petersburg FL Available online at http www fs fed us psw publications lewis lewis hAtml downloaded 07 Jul 2010 Lewis Jack and Rand Eads 2001 Turbidity threshold sampling for suspended sediment load estimation In Proceedings 7th Fede
125. ll as allowing the collection of non threshold manually triggered samples that are paired with depth integrated manual samples FTS Page 6 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Manual Chapter 1 Introduction Closely spaced turbidity measurements resolve natural trends in sediment transport such as spikes superimposed on a storm turbidigraph that often indicate landslides or stream bank failures In the case of nested watersheds the timing and magnitude of these sediment pulses may provide additional information about cumulative effects or dilution downstream Authenticity of these turbidity spikes is confirmed when physical samples taken during the spikes have higher concentrations than surrounding samples 1 7 Suspended sediment monitoring flowchart FIS 700 SedEvent User Manual Set study objectives Select site s Select and configure monitoring equipment Assemble and build deployment hardware Install equipment and hardware at the site STATION MAINTENANCE SITE VISITS General site observations Download data Plot data Check equipment Change bottles Read staff plate Record site visit form STORM SITE VISITS Depth integrated sampling Discharge measurements Read staff plate Change bottles LABORATORY ANALYSIS STREAMTRAC DATA
126. ll display the SDI Field Setup screen SDI Field Setup 13 07 09 Field Precision TurbMeanNw Raw Reading Read Fl x Figure 5 33 Datalogger SDI Field Setup screen TurbMeanNw e Modify the fields if desired Repeat for M2 Touch OK f The SDI Sensor Mapping screen reappears Touch Back 5 15 5 Configuring the ISCO controller cable The datalogger will come preconfigured with a TTS template When the ISCO cable is mapped the datalogger will recognize it and the ISCO Sensor screen will be displayed 1 On the SDI Sensor Mapping screen see Figure 5 26 touch the NEW button red background associated with the ISCO controller FTS ISI in the Vendor Serial column FIS Page 70 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Manual Chapter 5 Installing the system at the site SDI Sensor Mapping Detected Addr Port addr endor Serial Figure 5 34 Datalogger SDI Sensor Mapping ISCO cable 2 The ISCO Sensor screen appears pre configured for an ISCO controller LSU Last Slot Used will display the number of the last bottle used ISCO Sensor Time To Next Acquisition 00 03 04 Figure 5 35 Datalogger SDI Sensor Setup screen configured for an ISCO controller For information on configuring the auto sampler see Appendix D 5 15 6 Configuring the threshold sampling TSampler process Threshold sampling is a process for the automatic collection of water sampl
127. lly dangerous manual sampling programs that while valuable are most often limited both spatially and temporally In an effort to manage and mitigate the environmental impact of suspended sediment the US Clean Water Act introduced Total Maximum Daily Loads TMDL TMDLs are calculations of the maximum amount of suspended sediment among concentrations of other contaminants that a given body of water can contain while still complying with regulatory water quality standards These water quality standards are typically set by States Territories and Tribes at levels consistent with the uses for each body of water The authority will consider various uses such as drinking water supply recreation aquatic habitat and the scientific criteria needed to support that use Sediment TMDL is the sum of the allowable sediment loads from all contributing point and non point sources and typically includes a safety margin that accounts for seasonal variations in water quality By complying with these regulatory requirements the role of spatial and temporal data collection becomes of paramount importance While Suspended Sediment Concentration SSC cannot be directly measured with any high degree of reliability measured turbidity has been shown to be an excellent surrogate 1 5 The benefits of automated data collection The ability to collect meaningful information about suspended sediment transport and water discharge is dependent on the timing and frequ
128. load Check downloads for all operating systems Read more about Supported System Configurations amp javafx amp NetBeans Java for Business Access to critical fixes Long term support Latest Release Next Release Early Access Embedded Use Real Time Previous Releases Download Download Download Download Enterprise features Java Platform JDK JDK JavaFX Bundle JDK NetBeans Bundle JDK Java EE Bundle JRE or JOG 9 0 or JDK JRE al Here are the Java SE downloads in detail Regional Downloads Japanese SS SSE HAS ENA aw JDK 6 Update 20 JDK or JRE Download JDK This release contains critical security updates to the Java runtime Please update now to take advantage of these enhancements Learn more What Java Do Need You must have a copy of the JRE Java Runtime Related Resources Environment on your system to run Java applications and applets To develop R or Business Java applications and applets you need the JDK Java Development Kit which compatibility includes the JRE m Performance NOTE The Firefox 3 6 browser requires Java SE 6 Update 10 or later Otherwise Security Java based web applications will not wori mares pi Mobility Timezone Updates 3 java EE SDK Fuets Efficiency ocs v B Related Downloads ase ae sss ma Figure 8 2 Sun Microsystems Java 2 download page 5 Click Download JRE circled in 6 Figure 8
129. logger Please input station NAME SCree n ssesssessesssesseesseessesssesseesseonsesseesseesseossessersseessees 58 Figure 5 14 Datalogger Battery Sensor ICON se ssesssesseesseessesssesseesseesseossesseesseosseoseesseesseossesseesseesesseeosersseossessersseessees 59 Figure 5 15 Datalogger Battery Sensor Setup screen ssesesessessesssesssesseesseosseoseesseesseossesseesseonseoserssersseossessersseessees 59 Figure 5 16 Datalogger Battery Sensor SCrEON ssecscsssssesecscsssssesscssssssecscssssssscscessssesscscassesececassssesscacsssssecseaeassees 59 Figure 5 17 Datalogger Data Status SCre N sinisisi snn aan E AN NES A ENE SAE ANT 60 Figure 5 18 Datalogger Data Table SCre N ssscscscsssssssscscscccssssscacsssesecscacossescacacossesscacaeseceencacassesnencacoeseseacacaees 60 Figure 5 19 Datalogger Solar Panel Sensor SCrEON csssssesscsssssssscscsssssessccsssesscscsssssesecscassesesseseassesesscsssssesecseaseees 61 Figure 5 20 Datalogger Service screen csssssssscscsssssssscsssssssscscsssssesscscessesscscscsesesecscsssesesseacacsesecscaesssesecacassesecscacassees 62 Figure 5 21 Datalogger Set Date Time SCrE N cesscsssssssscscsssssesscsssssssecscsssssssscscessssesecscassesecececseseseccessesesescassess 62 Figure 5 22 Datalogger Start Visit Report screen csssssssecscsssssesscssessssecscssssssscscessssesscscacsesesecasassessccessesessescessees 63 Figure 5 2
130. logger in its shipping package until you are ready to install the datalogger in the enclosure DTS 12 turbidity sensor Avoid letting the sensor end of the device collide with the ground or hard objects Streamside enclosure equipment bracket mounting plate lift bracket left hand right hand opening opening auto sampler shelf laptop shelf Figure 5 1 Diagram of empty streamside enclosure FTS Page 44 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Manual Chapter 5 Installing the system at the site SDI AM analog device SDI interface ee ee nee nner senna sneer ee eee eee ee e 999999 2 Axiom H2 lt datalogger i Bo ISCO auto sampler Batteries Figure 5 2 Diagram of streamside enclosure with equipment installed 5 3 1 Mounting 1 Mount the streamside enclosure securely on a sturdy well anchored level platform at a comfortable working height The enclosure should be located so that the sampling tube has a run to the stream with the fewest and least sharp bends in it Ideally enclosure placement allows a constant gentle slope to the stream 5 3 2 Grounding 1 Connect the enclosure s ground lug located on the outside at the back of the enclosure should be connected to the nearest ground or radial connection The enclosure s ground cable should always be run as low as possible and be free of any kinks or sharp bends refer to your local co
131. lossary FIS Page 167 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Guide Part IV References Glossary References Eads Rand 2006 Personal communication Discussion on using depth integrated samples to calibrate grab samples for turbidity threshold sampling systems Eads Rand and Jack Lewis 2002 Continuous turbidity monitoring in streams of northwestern California In Turbidity and other sediment surrogates workshop ed by G D Glysson amp J R Gray 30 April 02 May 2002 Reno Nevada 3 p Available online at http water usgs gov osw techniques TSS eads pdf downloaded 07 Jul 2010 Edwards Thomas K and G Douglas Glysson 1999 Field Methods for Measurement of Fluvial Sediment U S Geological Survey Techniques of Water Resources Investigations Book 3 Chapter C2 Available online at http pubs usgs gov twri twri3 c2 html pdf html downloaded 07 Aug 2010 Lewis Jack 1996 Turbidity controlled suspended sediment sampling for runoff event load estimation Water Resources Research 32 7 2299 2310 Available online at http www fs fed us psw publications lewis Lewis96 pdf downloaded 07 Jul 2010 Lewis Jack 2002 Estimation of suspended sediment flux in streams using continuous turbidity and flow data coupled with laboratory concentrations In Turbidity and other sediment surrogates workshop ed by G D Glysson amp J R Gray 30 April 02 May 2002 Reno Nevada 3 p Availab
132. lure in wiper reference system Figure 8 4 Incorrectly parked DTS 12 wiper positions FIS Page 164 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Guide Appendix F Notes from the Field AppendixF Notes from the field Chapter contents FI ISCO Pumping Samplers ssssissssrennssonsonna o ENEN O A 166 F 1 1 Pump tubing replacement F 1 2 Sampler intake mounting in Montana Flumes F 1 3 Recommended intake line diameter FIS Page 165 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Guide Appendix F Notes from the field F 1 ISCO Pumping Samplers F 1 1 Pump tubing replacement From Liz Keppeler Ft Bragg e keppeler fs fed us Increasingly we have been experiencing ISCO sample volume problems with our 3 year old 3700 ISCO samplers mostly overfilled samples on an intermittent basis In years past when the tubing life counter has reached the 500 000 warning we have inspected the pump tubing and reset the counter if no problems were evident More recently we have increased the warning counter to 600 000 if no obvious problems were observed when the pump tubing was inspected In hindsight this is not a good idea We will now replace the pump tubing automatically when the 500 000 warning is reached ISCO factory testing found that the pump tubing splits between 600 000 and 1 000 000 revolutions In addition it is important to check the rollers for silicone buildup and to verify that the rubber liner
133. ly results in the bottles overfilling because the detector cannot deliver the correct volume when air bubbles are present We have verified this problem at two sites and now only use 3 8 intake The reasoning for using 1 4 intake in the past was to increase the line velocity and improve sampling efficiency Ideally the sample velocity in the intake line would be the same as the stream velocity isokinetic condition to prevent enriching or starving the sample SSC Isokinetic conditions are usually not present during sampling because the stream velocity varies with stage as does the line velocity as the head stage rises and falls In almost all sampling conditions the sampler intake velocity is less than the stream velocity and the problem is exacerbated with increased intake length and larger pump lifts These field observations lead to the idea of reducing the intake diameter to increase the line velocity The newer ISCO 6712 pump speed is faster than previous sampler models and it now appears that the 3 8 intake produces adequate line velocities for moderate line lengths and lifts with this model this is based on field observations not on laboratory testing For sites pushing the maximum pump lift and line length it might be advisable to use 1 4 intake and disable the liquid level detector FIS Page 166 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Guide Part IV References Glossary ry PartIV References G
134. maged by debris the orifice tube and protective conduit are inexpensive and easy to replace Bubblers are normally used on larger rivers because they can measure water depths of 30 m or more FIS Page 39 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Manual Chapter 4 Site selection and deployment hardware 4 4 2 5 Summary Sensor type Advantages Disadvantages Most suitable for Noncontact Stable overhead Resistance to Lower accuracy Channels with ultrasonic platform e g damage from highly mobile beds radar bridge stream conditions that undergo frequent scour and fill Shaft Stilling well High accuracy Complexity and Applications encoder expense of requiring very high installation accuracy Pressure Stable submerged Simple installation Can be lost or Most applications in transducer mount e g post lower cost damaged in high small to moderate reasonable accuracy flows or by debris sized streams and with proper rivers calibration Bubbler Stable submerged Exposed equipment Complexity and Larger rivers mount bubbler tube and expense of protective conduit installation is inexpensive and easy to replace reasonable accuracy FTS usually recommends a pressure transducer stage sensor for its combination of simplicity flexible installation and low cost Some site conditions may indicate a different choice 4 4 3 Location considerations The specific location of a stage sensor is in par
135. metry message building processes are also performed on regular schedules These schedules are determined by two parameters associated with each sensor process or activity Interval and Offset Interval is the time between each activation For example a 10 minute interval indicates that a sensor or TSampler is activated every 10 minutes Interval alone cannot determine the actual time of each activation For example activations at 00 00 00 10 00 20 00 30 etc are all at 10 minute intervals So are activations at 00 09 00 19 00 29 00 39 etc An additional piece of data is needed to determine precisely when each activation occurs which is the offset time for activations Activations occur at each time Ta where Ta 00 00 Nx Interval Offset for N 1 2 3 It s worth noting that all activation times Ta are referenced to midnight 00 00 Though it is not strictly necessary we also require O lt Interval lt Offset that is Offset must be a non negative value less than Interval Because of this we can think of offsets as wrapping around the interval Practically this means that if we want something to occur X minutes before the interval is up we set the offset to Interval X A 2 Coordinating schedules When doing turbidity threshold sampling TTS it s important to coordinate all these schedules for optimum data quality and system performance Poor choices of interval and offset can lead to sampling based on
136. mp Sampler 1 E Sampler 2 E Min Temp Figure 5 41 Datalogger TSampler Sampler Tab a Trigger Select the name of the variable containing the sensed turbidity value used by the process to compare with threshold values for deciding whether to trigger a sample b Max Value Enter the maximum value units NTU that the Trigger turbidity variable can take Any higher Trigger value indicates an error of some kind C Stage Select the name of the variable containing the sensed stage water height value used to decide whether a sample can be taken FIS Page 74 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Manual Chapter 5 Installing the system at the site d Min Stage Enter the minimum stage height at which a sample should be taken Stages lower than this prevent a sample being triggered e Temperature Select the name of the variable containing the sensed water temperature f Sampler 1 Select the name of the first or only device that takes water samples This is an ISCO auto sampler and usually bears a name like ISCO1 g Sampler 2 Select the name of the second device if used that takes water samples This is an ISCO auto sampler and usually bears a name like ISCO2 If there is no second sampler leave this field blank 9 Thresholds Tab Samples can be triggered by rising or falling values Default settings are shown below These settings can be modified see section 8 3B 2 for
137. mp time after bottle have been swapped and ISCO program placed in Run mode sAN rada i DB BD A DB A Ohne 9 Bottle Batch N a Technician y Get Unused Bottles gt gt _ ot oa oo No gt 9 V N Noo viN Lm Manage Fields 3g Print H Save Figure 6 7 StreamTrac Site Visit window Carousel Bottle Mapping tab 8 On the Carousel Bottle Mapping tab a Select checkmark Use Slot Bottle Mapping b Enter the bottle batch code and the technician s name in the provided fields c Enter the replacement bottle numbers in the carousel bottle mapping fields 9 Tightly cap the bottles containing samples before removing them 10 Place the labelled replacement bottles in the correct slots and check their positioning a second time 11 On the Carousel Bottle Mapping tab set the Swap Bottle Date and Time field after the bottles have been replaced 12 Restart the program and reset the ISCO auto sampler to bottle position 1 a Press until RUN is selected and press FIS Page 97 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Manual Chapter 6 Site visits RUN PROGRAM VIEW REPORT OTHER FUNCTIONS b Enter Start Bottle typically 1 and press 4 ENTER START BOTTLE 1 MAX 13 Place the removed sample bottles on a level surface and mark the sample volume level on each one 14 In
138. mple Figure 5 63 Datalogger TSampler screen 2 The Auxiliary Sampling window appears and the ISCO controller commands the ISCO auto Sampler to draw a sample FIS Page 87 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Manual Chapter 5 Installing the system at the site 16 41 13 Last Slot Current E t i elas a Te Figure 5 64 Datalogger TSampler Auxiliary Sampling window 3 If you do not observe the auto sampler cycling within 5 seconds there is a problem Troubleshooting tips in order of complexity a Check that the ISCO auto sampler has power and is turned on b Check that the ISCO controller cable see section 2 2 6 is properly connected to both the datalogger and the ISCO auto sampler see section 5 6 3 c Check that the ISCO auto sampler has its own dedicated port i e is not shared with other devices Certain other devices have a long response latency and can cause a delay if connected to the same port as the auto sampler d Check that the ISCO auto sampler is configured properly see Appendix D 4 Ifan error occurs during sampling a Amessage window appears to notify you b Touch OK to dismiss the message c Address the problem identified in the message e g samplers full d Return to step 5 5 To manually cancel the auxiliary sample a Touch Cancel b A message window appears to acknowledge the cancellation c Touch OK to dismiss the message 6 When
139. mple at a time 5 minutes before the 10 minute TSampler interval thus avoiding its potential sample at 1 minute Sampling at 10 05 am every day would accomplish this as would any time ending in 5 this is configured as interval 24 00 00 and offset 10 05 00 This example demonstrates how having simple relationships between intervals is helpful In this case the 10 minute TSampler interval and the daily 24 hour sample interval are easy to relate FIS Page 139 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Guide Appendix A Selecting sensor interval and offset values Just to complicate things when the TSampler process is not exclusively in charge of triggering samples it cannot keep accurate track of the number of samples bottles that have been taken It only updates the slot number when it triggers a sample in between times it may not have the accurate value To enable the user to know the true number of bottles used we must configure an M2 return last slot used command which will make this value available for logging Since a sample could in principle be taken every 10 minutes we must do this at least every 10 minutes And as always we want to avoid collisions with both TSampler and daily M commands An offset of 2 minutes 8 min would accomplish this and so the configuration for the ISCO M2 command is interval 00 10 00 offset 00 02 00 A 4 Pulling itall together two common configurations In the abov
140. n curves for estimating event sediment loads from turbidity measurements Additional logic can prevent turbidity sensor wiping in temperatures below 0 5 degrees Celsius This prevents damage to the wiper in freezing conditions Repeat cycles are also monitored to minimize repeat samples FTS Page 15 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Manual Chapter 2 System overview Other hydrometric instruments such as tipping bucket rain gauge or other meteorological sensors can be connected to the Axiom H2 datalogger to provide additional information All data is recorded in the datalogger memory 2 5 StreamTrac software FTS StreamTrac is a software application for collecting managing editing analyzing and processing data from SedEvent stations In this manual we give only an overview of most software functions referring the reader to the StreamTrac Help for details Creating Site Visit records in StreamTrac enhances sample bottle management and ensures that each Sample and its laboratory analysis are dynamically linked with the data in time series for later analysis The following are requirements for any computer on which StreamTrac will be installed and used 1 Computer running Windows 2000 XP Windows Vista Windows 7 or Windows 8 operating systems 1 gigabytes RAM minimum 1024 x 768 capable video display minimum 20 gigabytes of hard disk space available SQL Server 2000 SQL server 2005 2008
141. n existing Station Note 1 Position the mouse cursor over a Note icon 2 Right click and select Delete 3 The Confirm window opens Confirm 2 Are you sure you wish to delete this note Figure 7 9 StreamTrac Confirm delete Note window 4 Click Yes to delete the Note Click No or Cancel to keep it 5 Ifyou clicked Yes the Note is deleted and its icon is removed from the graph 7 6 Defining intervals with cursors Two vertical X value cursors called the Start Cursor and the End Cursor can be placed on the graph These cursors are used to define Storm Events and perform data editing functions Figure 7 10 below shows the cursors placed to bracket a likely storm event in the data The Start Cursor is displayed as a dotted green vertical line the End Cursor as a dotted red vertical line FIS Page 123 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Manual Chapter 7 Data analysis Start Cursor End Cursor ZA California Creek Slice H Save Layout fij Delete cygprint Z series v fhView x pz Sf Data View B save Edits California Creek 4 600 0 11 0 1 500 0 10 0 i 1 400 0 S I 1 300 0 i 4 200 0 oft 1 100 0 B79 1 000 0 a t g t 800 02 a M4 so 7000 a Zag 600 0 x 500 0 3 0 400 0 2 0 300 0 200 0 1 0 100 0 0 0 0 0 42 13 12 16 12 18 12 22 12 25 12 28 12 31 01 03 01 06 01 09 01 12 01 15 0
142. ng window closes To record a depth integrated sample in StreamTrac either in the field or in the lab from field notes 1 IN StreamTrac in the Site Visit window click Calibration Samples tab FIS Page 101 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Manual Chapter 6 Site visits f Site Visit Carousel Bottle Mapping Site Details Calibration Samples Notes Attachments Site Visit Station Name Victoria Rain Hydro Year HY2010 e ae Auto Sample Depth Integrated Bottle Lab Bottle Lab No SSC nae ae No SSC Site Visit Turbidity Ranges Date Time CLS f Define Turbidity Range Hint To calibrate and characterize your point autosamples we recommend classifying your amp Match Autosample Pair x Delete Sample Record expected stream turbidity into six turbidity ranges Within each range you should collect 3 synchronous depth integrated autosample pairs during the hydro year Manage Fields 3g Print H Save Figure 6 12 StreamTrac Site Visit window Calibration Samples tab 2 On the StreamTrac Site Visit form Calibration Samples tab record the following information a Enter the turbidity ranges if they are not already filled in b Enter the date time and bottle number of the sample collected manually using a depth integrating sampler from the stream c Enter the date time and b
143. of automated data collection ssss esssssessssseesssseesssseesssseeessseceosseeeossseeossseeossseeossseeoossserssseersssserssssersss 5 1 6 Turbidity threshold sampling and how it WOrkS ssseesesesssseessseessseessseessseeosseessseeosseessseeosseeosseeosseeosseeosseeosseeosseee 6 1 7 Suspended sediment monitoring flowchart ess sessesssseessseessseessseessseessseessseeosseessseeosseeosseeosseeosseeosseeesseeosseeesseeesseee 7 Fl S Page 2 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Manual Chapter 1 Introduction 1 1 What is the SedEvent turbidity threshold sampling system SedEvent is an intelligent automated grab sampling for monitoring suspended sediment loads in water It implements the turbidity threshold sampling TTS protocol originated by Rand Eads and Jack Lewis 1996 in a reliable and simple to operate system A rugged streamside package integrates a datalogger with embedded TTS logic turbidity and stage sensors a pump sampler power system and telemetry Back home data is uploaded managed and analyzed using FTS StreamTrac software A laptop computer is not needed for field operations All system functions and configurations can be managed directly through the Axiom H2 datalogger s touch screen and all data can be downloaded onto a USB memory stick plugged directly into the Axiom H2 front panel A computer loaded with the FTS StreamTrac software is useful for everything from tracking bottle
144. of the orange ringed connectors marked SDI A B C D on the front of the datalogger SDI 12 connections are interchangeable and will work with any SDI 12 compliant sensor wired with a compatible connector 3 Route the cable and coil and secure any excess cable length so that it does not impede access to the auto sampler or other equipment in the enclosure FIS Page 50 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Manual Chapter 5 Installing the system at the site 5 7 Turbidity sensor 5 7 1 Mounting Attach the turbidity sensor to the sampler deployment hardware boom pipe or other device For details see section 4 3 5 7 2 Connection To connect the turbidity sensor to the datalogger 1 Feed the end of the turbidity sensor cable through the pipe elbow mounted on the right side of the enclosure 2 Plug the cable connector into one of the orange ringed connectors marked SDI A B C D on the front of the datalogger SDI 12 connections are interchangeable and will work with any SDI 12 compliant sensor wired with a compatible connector 5 8 Stage sensor 5 8 1 Mounting Attach the stage sensor to the stage sensor mounting hardware For details see section 4 4 5 8 2 Data connection 1 Feed the end of the turbidity sensor cable through the opening on the right side of the enclosure 2 Plug the cable connector into one of the orange ringed connectors marked SDI A B C D on the front of the datalogger SDI
145. om H2 datalogger A carousel enables the DTS 12 to be securely mounted in a pipe or boom housing Page 10 of 170 SedEvent User Manual 2 2 4 Stage water depth pressure sensor Figure 2 5 SDI SPT 5 CS pressure sensor Chapter 2 System overview The SDI SPT 5 CS pressure transducer measures the head or water pressure at the sensor and is mounted below the lowest expected water stage Digital SDI 12 communication provides plug amp play connection to the Axiom H2 datalogger 2 2 5 SDI AM Analog Module SDI 12 converter Figure 2 6 SDI AM Analog Module SDI 12 converter FIS 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 The SDI AM is an analog to digital converter that enables up to 4 analog sensor devices to be connected through an SDI 12 port on the Axiom H2 datalogger It includes two switch power ports for triggering power to devices SedEvent Systems that include analog sensors for example a temperature probe or analog water level probe will make use of this module Page 11 of 170 SedEvent User Manual Chapter 2 System overview 2 2 6 ISCO 6712 water sampler The intake tubing runs from the sampler s pump to a position co located with the turbidity probe on the instrumentation boom The ISCO sampler is capable of collecting 24 samples under control of the datalogger s sampling program During site visits bottles containing samples are removed for laboratory analysis and replacements
146. om the Home screen Model H2 G5 TLM Toz oo Station Function icons Current Conditions Built in Battery Status indicators SDI a Telem a Figure 5 12 Datalogger Home screen NOTE This manual will explain important set up and verification procedures performed with the datalogger It does not provide full details on every screen however for more details refer to the Axiom Configuration Reference FIS Page 57 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Manual Chapter 5 Installing the system at the site 5 11 2 Entering alphanumeric field values Many fields in the datalogger are alohanumeric To set or change such a field 1 Touch on the Edit icon if there is one then the field you wish to edit Some fields can be edited directly if there is no Edit icon by simply touching the field value 2 The Please input lt item gt screen appears Please input station name is Shown in this example Please input station name 11 05 00 TEST SITH a af eje spee fe ee i e Bak fefete jejejej J ca rae fetetet fey tet tele tpipt c fet atrfofm ps e E ee EN ENM E e A Figure 5 13 Datalogger Please input station name screen 3 Use the keyboard controls to edit the name 4 Touch OK to save the changes 5 12 Verifying basic system operation 5 12 1 Check power system On the datalogger Home screen see Figure 5 12 1 On the datalogger Home page touch Sensors
147. or stage is frequently incorrect and the transducer index stg_off needs to be adjusted If a stage error is noted after an initial seasonal adjustment has been done additional troubleshooting should be done To adjust the transducer index stg_off in the Monitor window 1 Calculate offset correction staff plate electronic stage 2 Add offset correction to the current value of stg_off 3 Wait for the next wake up and confirm that the electronic stage agrees with your current observer stages 4 Check the previous field forms and station status sheet to determine if changes were made to the stg_off The offset may have been set incorrectly or reverted to a previous value 5 Verify that the pressure transducer is secured If you suspect it has moved re secure the transducer and reset offset return to step 1 6 Inspect the transducer cable for damage 7 Ifthe stage plot indicates drifting or erratic stage over time suspect a failing pressure transducer Replace the pressure transducer 8 If the stage error occurs after a high sediment event check for debris and flush the intake if clogged Note action extent of obstruction and post cleaning stage in Site Visit notes 8 2 Problem Pumping sampler bottle volumes too low empty or too high Volumes may be low when pumping sampler intake is marginally submerged Avoid calibrating Sampler at stages very near to the station minimum stage Ideal sample volume is 1 3 of bot
148. or screen appears c Examine the solar panel voltage typically labeled VSolar and current ISolar values 4 Expected solar panel current and voltage depend on the amount of sunlight available and the state of the battery If the battery is somewhat discharged indicated by a lower battery voltage below 12 V recall you checked it in step 2 then the recharging system will draw as much current as possible from the solar panel perhaps 1 A If the battery is fully charged indicated by a higher battery voltage about 12 5 V then the recharging system will draw only a nominal current about 0 1 A When a low current ISolar is being drawn solar panel voltage VSolar is expected to be high up to 24 V in extremely sunny conditions in moderately sunny conditions about 14 20 V When a heavy current is being drawn solar panel voltage is expected to be lower down to 12 V which is the minimum required to charge the battery 5 If you see unexpected solar panel voltage and current values check the solar panel s solar exposure and check the cable connections between the solar panel and the datalogger 5 10 3 Datalogger safe power on and power off sequences IMPORTANT To prevent potential problems due to intermittent power follow the safe power on and power off sequences In normal operation the battery connected to the datalogger s front panel BATTERY input powers the datalogger However it is possible to power the datalogger
149. ottle number of the depth integrated sample you initiated from the data logger 3 Click Save 6 6 2 Auxiliary AUX sampling The purpose of auxiliary sampling is to collect additional samples of interest during a storm event for example that are not automatically collected under the turbidity threshold sampling algorithm Guidelines for deciding if an auxiliary AUX sample is required FIS Page 102 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Manual Chapter 6 Site visits 1 Examine the ISCO auto sampler bottles for size of samples the record of stage heights and the record of recent samples 2 Use the following criteria to decide whether to trigger an auxiliary sample a The auto ampler sample volumes are inadequate or b The stage is receding towards the minimum stage and there are less than 4 samples from the current storm event or c Nosample has been taken during the previous two weeks only at perennial streams where an annual load is of interest To collect an auxiliary sample 1 On the datalogger Home screen touch Processes The Processes screen opens Touch TSampler The TSampler screen opens Touch Aux Sample y wN The Auxiliary Sampling window appears and the ISCO controller commands the ISCO auto sampler to draw a sample Within 5 seconds you should observe the auto sampler cycling If it does not troubleshoot according to instructions in section 5 16 6 5 Ifan erro
150. pical SedEvent streaMside monitoring PACKAGE csssssssssssssssessssssssesssscsesssesecscsssssessesssssesesseaesssesseees 3 Figure 1 2 Suspended sediment monitoring flowchart uu esesesssscscsessssecscsesscsescsesessesescsessesesesesesseseseseseeseseacseeeeseees 7 Foure 2 1 Pats OF LING SyS TEN EEEE nei uuenstammessumcenene 9 PIGUKE 222 Axiom 12 Catal O AG ON aa E EEEE 10 PIQUE 2 37 DT S712 TUDIA SENS OT sosisini ono sa innin EE EAN A A ER ASO EAO RATAR ERINE AET 10 FIQUKS 2 4 Carousel TOR DTS I2 naaa aE E S A SETS 10 Figure 2 5 SDI SPT 5 CS pressure Sensor ssessssseseeseeseeseeseeseeseoseoseoseoseoseoseosesseseeseessessessessessesseseeseeneeseoseosessessessessessesses 11 Figure 2 6 SDI AM Analog Module SDI 12 CONVE Stel csssssssesssssssseseccsssssesssscsssssecscsssssesescsssssesscseasseseescaeasseees 11 FIGUEE 257 ISCO 6712 Waters ampie oxs cesecvsauirssieeccecssdeseseerieosi verve reese eee te ae aries aa eee eaS 12 Foure 2 8 ISCO COMEPOM EN cabl Eissens nnna a a cats asces N N AOAN N RO 12 mei ae eri a A A S ENEE A A A T S ER E A E RT E E A E 13 Figuwre2 10 S0lar pane eaaa T 13 FIGUFE 2 11 FES TO pING HUCkKetralr gauge neesrirunie s an E E 14 Figure2 12 SedEvVentstau on ENCIS UNC saeia A A 14 Figure s t Blockdiagram OF SedEvent syste M radassa a E AR 21 Figure 3 2 Laboratory set up Of SedEvent SYSTEM sssessseesseessseessersseessscosseesseessscosscesserosreosscesseesserosscosseessersseeesseesss 22 Figure 3 3 F
151. r 4 Site selection and deployment hardware 4 3 2 Booms A boom allows you to precisely and safely position a DTS 12 in a well mixed laminar flow location that can be adjusted for water level and in most cases can be easily retrieved for maintenance Overall the most successful deployment systems have used boom designs with articulating arms that swing up and over downstream moving debris Most are overhead designs with booms hung from cables Figure 4 5 abridge Figure 4 6 or a secondary boom arm with adjustable height Error Reference ource not found Figure 4 6 Bridge mounted booms Fl S Page 35 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Manual Chapter 4 Site selection and deployment hardware Figure 4 7 Secondary boom with adjustable height and float In locations where you want to minimize footprint and discourage vandalism a bottom anchored design can work well Error Reference source not found 8 Figure 4 8 Bottom anchored design with float Floats are sometimes used to automatically adjust the probe s level in the water column as stage rises and falls see Error Reference source not found 7 and 4 8 A bank cable or bridge mounted retrievable boom is desirable for most installations The boom is located to position the turbidity probe and sampler intake at a well mixed position in the stream with minimal turbulence during high flows Increasing water velocity and depth pushe
152. r occurs during sampling a A message window appears to notify you b Touch ok to dismiss the message 6 To manually cancel the auxiliary sample a Touch Cancel b A message window appears to acknowledge the cancellation c Touch Ok to dismiss the message 7 When the sample has been taken failed or cancelled the Auxiliary Sampling window closes 6 7 Collecting data on a memory stick The Axiom H2 datalogger can download data directly to a USB memory stick eliminating the need for a laptop computer on site To collect current conditions or logged data from the datalogger 1 On the datalogger Home screen touch Data 2 The Data Status screen appears FIS Page 103 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Manual Chapter 6 Site visits Data Status Li io Capacity 170 Days Oldest Data 08 18 2014 11 40 00 Newest Data 12 12 2014 11 25 00 Est Oyverwrite 1013112019 pt Download Figure 6 13 Datalogger Data Status screen 3 Touch Download The Download Data screen appears Download Data 11 36 07 Download Data Date Range From 8 18 2014 lt 40 a gt Date Range From s 1872014 4 11 40 lt gt al Ea To 12 12 2014 4 11 25 a gt to 12 12 2014 a gt 11 25 a gt Output Format cs Binary O CSV SHEF gt csyv O Binary CSV SHEF Date Time Format adam Ayyy HH mm ss Include Units Line Replace blank fields with 99999 F
153. ral Interagency Sedimentation Conference 25 29 Mar 2001 Reno Nevada 1824 KB Available online at http www fs fed us psw publications lewis LewisTTS odf downloaded 07 Jul 2010 Lewis Jack and Rand Eads 2008 Implementation guide for turbidity threshold sampling principles procedures and analysis Gen Tech Rep PSW GTR 212 Arcata CA U S Department of Agriculture Forest Service Pacific Southwest Research Station Unofficial pre publication layout Available online at http www fs fed us psw topics water tts TTS _GTR_prepub pdf downloaded 07 Jul 2010 Olson Scott A and J Michael Norris 2005 U S Geological Survey Streamgaging from the National Streamflow Information Program U S Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2005 3131 Available online at http pubs usgs gov fs 2005 3131 downloaded 07 Jul 2010 FIS Page 168 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 Glossary and Abbreviations Axiom H2 FTS manufactured Hydrology Datalogger boom A structure used to deploy sensors in the water usually hanging from a cable beam or other overhead structure like a bridge Because it can pivot and ride over waterborne debris a boom can operate without fouling A boom is often simple to set up and maintain carousel A structure used to deploy a DTS 12 sensor in the water A carousel holds the DTS 12 in the radial centre of a perforated and or open ended pipe that is immersed in the water typically mounted ve
154. re Ideally the solar panel is located where there are no obstructions between it and all points on the southern half of the horizon An unobstructed southern exposure may be difficult to find at some sites In this case try to place the solar panel where it will receive the most unobstructed light at local noon for as long a period either side of noon as possible Sun at noon is much brighter than sun FIS Page 55 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Manual Chapter 5 Installing the system at the site late or early in the day so it is worth sacrificing a few hours of exposure near the ends of the day for fuller exposure near noon 2 Tilt the solar panel to the optimum angle above horizontal and secure it See Appendix C for how to determine the optimum tilt angle 5 10 2 2 Connection IMPORTANT To ensure proper power up a charged battery should always be connected to the datalogger before connecting the solar panel To connect the solar panel 1 Once the battery is connected and the datalogger has started feed the cable from the solar panel through the opening on the right side of the enclosure and plug its connector into the black ringed connector labeled SOLAR PANEL 2 Note the battery voltage on the Home screen of the datalogger interface 3 Verify solar panel operation using the datalogger interface a Touch Sensors The Sensors screen appears b Touch Solar Panel The Solar Panel Sens
155. re the contents of the message This button is disabled in edit mode but enabled otherwise See the Axiom G5 Telemetry Reference for a detailed explanation on using the Set Message feature with the different Message Formats d Self Timed the Self Timed checkbox must remain selected when using BLM or WSC message format If using Time Ordered or Pseudo Binary format then the Self Timed checkbox can be deselected if only Random transmissions are desired e Enable Tx The Enable Transmission box must be selected to transmit via GOES The user can disable GOES transmissions by deselecting the Enable Transmission checkbox If the transmission is disabled all functions in the datalogger occur in normal preparation for a GOES transmission however no data is transmitted f Message Centering The recommended choice If checked the G5 transmits its data in the middle of its transmission window instead of at the start of the transmission time This reduces interference from adjacent users g Send no data If Buffer Empty If checked the G5 transmits a message meaning no data available instead of not transmitting at all Recommended to reduce uncertainty about meaning of absent transmissions which could occur due to various system failures 7 Power Parameters Tab The data points defined on the Pwr Params tab appear as internal sensors in the datalogger Forward Power Reflected Power SWR Standing Wave Ratio and Power Supply During T
156. ront panel connections on Axiom H2 datalogger ssessessesseseessessesseessesseoseeseesseoseeseessesseoseeseesseose 23 Figure A I EMP Carouse iaia AEO E ENNS aa 33 Figure 4 2 Carousel with DTS 12 inserted ssesssesseesseessesssesseesseessesssesseesseosseosersseonseosersseesseosseoseroseeseoserssersseosseoseessee 33 Figure 4 3 Carousel with DTS 12 in pipe houUSing ssessesssessessesseessessesseessesseoseeseesseoseoseessesseoseeseesseoseeseessesseoseessesseose 34 Figure 4 4 Two vertical pipe housing deployments Of CarOUSElS csssessssssecsssssecsssesscsssessesssecsesssecsssssesssseseesees 34 FIQUE 4 5 CADIS mounted DOOMS sissioni n anA VE RA 35 Figured 6Bniage mounted DOOMS ensei NA 35 Figure 4 7 Secondary boom with adjustable height and float sssesssesseesssesssessseesseessseesseesserssseosseesseesseessseesse 36 Figure 4 8 Bottom anchored design with flOat sssesssessseesssesssessseesseessseosseesseessseosseessersseeosseosseesserosseosseessersseeossersss 36 Figure 4 9 Boom with counterweight in area of high water velocity s sssesssessseesssesssessseesseesssessseesseesseessseesse 37 Figure 4 10 Boom deployment for optimum laminar IOW sss ssssessssessssessseessseessseeosssessseeossseosseeosseeosseeosseeosseeossseossses 37 Figure 4 11 Streamside monitoring installation with conduit protecting cables ssesssesssesseesseessesssesseessee 38 Figure 4 12 Current meter discharge measurement
157. rtically on a solid structure such as a bridge abutment The carousel and pipe protect the DTS 12 while allowing full immersion in water DI Depth integrated sample discharge The volume of water moving down a stream per unit of time Common U S and imperial measures are cubic feet per second ft s or gallons per day gal d Common metric measures are litres per second l s or cubic metres per second m s DTS 12 FTS manufactured Digital Turbidity Sensor flow see discharge SDI SDI 12 Serial Data Interface at 1200 baud See http www sdi 12 org SSC Suspended Sediment Concentration SSM Suspended Sediment Monitoring TMDL Total Maximum Daily Load TTS Turbidity Threshold Sampling FIS Page 169 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Guide Revision History eee 2014 Dec 18 eee with DL ver 3 1 jo a and functions FIS Page 170 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014
158. s are snug As the pump tube wears it also becomes less flexible does not rebound to the original shape volume and the sample volume can be reduced if the liquid level detector is disabled volume is based on pump revolutions F 1 2 Sampler intake mounting in Montana Flumes From Liz Keppeler Ft Bragg e keppeler fs fed us Another problem affecting sample volumes is the position of the ISCO intake mounted in the flume When the intake is only marginally submerged the ISCO pumps an air water mix which impairs the ability of the liquid detector to detect the correct volume The positioning of the ISCO intake in the fiberglass flumes at Caspar Cr is not securely fixed and the more the nozzle protrudes from the flume the more likely it is to pump air at low stages We are installing a clamp on the backside of the intake under the flume to keep it in position In the future new installations should be equipped with a secure clamping mechanism under the flume to hold the intake in position and flume installers should allow access to the back of the flume for intake maintenance F 1 3 Recommended intake line diameter From Rand Eads Redwood Sciences Lab reads fs fed us It is important to use 3 8 id intake tubing not 1 4 in order for the liquid level detector to work correctly with the 6712 samplers Apparently the transition from 1 4 intake to the 3 8 pump tubing near the liquid level detector causes air bubbles to form This usual
159. s labeled Defined on the left side of the screen show information defined known in the datalogger c Columns labeled Detected on the right side of the screen show information collected from the detected devices d Defined Addr should be the same as those in the Detected Addr detailed in later configuration steps e Detected Vendor Serial shows identifying information collected from the device i A knowledgeable reader can determine the type of device by examining this information ii A less knowledgeable reader can use the Detected Port value to trace the cable from the datalogger port labeled with that value e g B for port labeled SDI B to the device 9 For each new sensor detected configure it according to the instructions in the appropriate section below depending on the sensor type 5 15 3 Configuring a Pressure Transducer stage sensor 1 On the SDI Sensor Mapping screen see Figure 5 26 touch and hold on NEw for the pressure transducer Campbell SCI CS pressure transducer in the example Because there is a sensor extension for that SDI sensor SDI PT the Setup screen will automatically be displayed 2 The Pressure Transducer Setup screen is displayed FIS Page 66 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Manual Chapter 5 Installing the system at the site Pressure Transducer Setup 15 44 03 Sensor Mame SOI_PT Active Address s Figure 5 27 Datalogger Stage Sensor
160. s the vertical boom arm downstream raising the turbidity sensor higher in the water column A counterweight prevents the boom from planing on the surface see Figure 4 9 The depth of the turbidity probe can be adjusted as needed to position the probe above the zone of bed load transport and below the water surface 7A FIS Page 36 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Manual Chapter 4 Site selection and deployment hardware Figure 4 9 Boom with counterweight in area of high water velocity 4 3 3 In stream deployment considerations The DTS 12 turbidity sensor should be deployed in a well mixed laminar non turbulent flow area of the stream The best installations include deployment hardware that has been streamlined to promote laminar flow around the sensor optics This provides the optimum combination of representative water volumes for measurement with the least amount of noise introduced by turbulent cavitated water In general if you have bubbles within the viewing volume of a turbidity sensor it will introduce undesirable but recognizable high frequency noise This is one reason why the DTS 12 has a smaller tennis ball size viewing volume relative to widely used backscatter sensors with larger volumes so that it can be deployed more easily into a turbulence free location in small streams The DTS 12 s smaller cross section and angular face geometry ease longitudinal deployment from
161. seesseossesseessee 88 Figure 5 65 Datalogger Visit Report screen in End Visit MOE sssesssesseessesssesseesseessesssesseesseosseosersseesseossesseessee 89 Figure 5 66 Datalogger Save Report SCre N cssssecscsssssssscscsssssssscssessssecscssssssscscsssssesscacsssesecscaesssesecacacsesecscacassessces 89 Figure 6 1 Datalogger Service screen csssssssscscsssssesscsssssssscscsssssssssscessesececsssssesscscsssssescacscsesecscaesesesscacacsesecscacacsessces 91 Figure 6 2 Datalogger Visit Report screen in Start Visit MOde ss sssesssesseessesssesseesseesseosseoseesseesseosersseesseosseoseessee 92 Figure 6 3 Datalogger Visit Report Save Report SCreen ssesseessessesssessersseosseoseesseesseossessersseenseoseroseesseossesserssee 92 Figure 6 4 Datalogger Iypicalstaff plateserien teaeiteastansiiatnebeaaniciate 93 Figure 6 5 Datalogger Current Conditions screen s sssessersseessesssesseesseossessersseosseoseesseesseosseoseroseeseossrsseesseosseoserssee 93 Figure 6 6 StreamTrac Issue New Site Visit WINdOW e ssesssesssesssesseesseossesseesseosseoseesseesseosseosersseesseosersseesseossesserssee 95 Figure 6 7 StreamTrac Site Visit window Carousel Bottle Mapping tab ssesssessesseeseessessesseessessesseeseessessee 97 Figure 6 8 StreamTrac Site Visit window Site Details tab sssesssesssesseessesssesseesseesseossesseesseonseoseesseesseossesseessee 99 Figure 6 9 Datalogger
162. sensed via the digital pressure transducer with its own microprocessor Stage is typically reported in feet or other user selectable units by the onboard processors 2 The program may trigger a pumped sample if the threshold sampling criteria stage and turbidity are satisfied or an AUX or DI sample flag is set by the field crew If the pumping sampler is going to sample it will do so approximately 50 seconds after the measurement interval 3 The data record date time slot number threshold code sample code stage median turbidity Max turbidity Variance water temperature and sometimes rainfall are written to memory 4 The datalogger goes to low power mode until the next 10 minute wake up or a user interrupt B 2 Guidelines for setting thresholds B 2 1 General considerations The turbidity triggered sampling process TSampler in the datalogger is pre set with a default series of rising and falling turbidity thresholds see section below These are a good place to start if you are new to this type of monitoring and are not sure what turbidity ranges you are likely to observe As you gain experience with monitoring and the conditions at your particular sites you can fine tune your thresholds as described in later subsections The following guidelines are designed to collect a few samples in small storms and more but not too many in large storms Few and too many are subjective terms and it is up to each investigator
163. series of informational screens appears then 3 Options screen appears RUN PROGRAM VIEW REPORT OTHER FUNCTIONS a Select PROGRAM 4 Site Description Screen appears SITE DESCRIPTION FACTORY736 CHANGE YES NO a Select YES b Enter site description c Select DONE 5 Number Of Bottles screen appears NUMBER OF BOTTLES 1248 12 24 a Select 24 use the 24 bottle configuration only 6 Bottle Volume screen appears FIS Page 151 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Guide Appendix D ISCO sampler programming guidelines BOTTLE VOLUME IS 1000 ml 300 30000 a Enter 1000 ml 7 Suction Line Length screen appears SUCTION LINE LENGTH IS 10 ft 3 99 a Enter based on line length at site or bench test b Display briefly shows a Please wait display 8 Pacing screen appears TIME PACED FLOW PACED a Select FLOW PACED 9 Flow Between Sample Events screen appears FLOW BETWEEN SAMPLE EVENTS 3 PULSES 1 9999 a Enter 1 pulses 10 Sample Distribution screen appears SEQUENTIAL BOTTLES SAMPLE SAMPLES BOTTLE a Select SEQUENTIAL 11 Run Continuously screen appears RUN CONTINUOUSLY YES NO a Select NO 12 Sample Volume screen appears FIS Page 152 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Guide Appendix D ISCO sampler programming guidelines VOLUME
164. seseseseseeseseeaeseeecseeseseseess 25 BINS E TO a A ersten nsensunaeonestanionuton inicio 25 3 4 1 Example pre departure activity checklist 3 4 2 Example toolkit checklist 3 4 3 Example pre departure information recording form 3 4 4 Example on site activity checklist FTS Page 18 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Manual Chapter 3 Preparing for the field 3 1 Receiving your system 3 1 1 Receiving and unpacking Upon receipt of your complete SedEvent station equipment please verify that all parts below are accounted for and inform FTS if any expected equipment is missing or has been damaged during shipping A typical SedEvent equipment package consists of 1 Axiom H2 datalogger H2 battery power cable with integrated battery temp sensor ISCO 6712 auto sampler ISCO power cable ISCO interface cable 2 3 4 5 6 SDI 12 stage sensor bubblers pressure sensors or float gauges 7 DTS 12 turbidity sensor and cable 8 One or two 100AH deep cycle batteries 9 Solar panel with connector cable and mounting brackets 10 RG T tipping bucket rain gauge with connector and cable 11 PC to datalogger USB cable not required but may be ordered if desired 12 Laboratory test kit StableCal mix black bucket and ISCO tubing 13 SedEvent system enclosure 14 StreamTrac software 3 2 Verifying system function in the laboratory IMPORTANT FTS strongly recommends that you assemble the complete sy
165. sit Chapter contents Belk Maintenance and Storm VISICS sscssssennsssdeacennssdseoavssessesniaevosssscvsnesasediecesssvsaveaedinesnstenven osstssnrasasvasyoaetaneandiavbonstadunsviarossieds 91 6 2 Geta Start Visit Report from the datalogger ccccscssssssssessssssscsssesessssesscsesscssseesessessseesssseseseessssescseeeeseessseeseees 91 6 3 Site observations Renee nerve ee ere Tene eT re ee ee eee 93 OA Create a SIS VISIE IN SUPGAIII I VAG osinaren ariana AEA NENE EEEE A 94 6 5 Changing sample bottles ISCO 6712 sesscsssssscssssscsssssscsssssscsssssscssssssessssssesssssseassesseasssssesssessesssssseesscssessseess 95 6 5 1 Recording site details 6 6 Depth integrated DI and auxiliary SAMPLING ou ssessssessssessssecsssecsssecsssecsssecsssscsssecsssecsssessssecsssessssecesseeeeees 99 6 6 1 Depth integrated DI sampling 6 6 2 Auxiliary AUX sampling 67 Collecting data On a Memory SICK anes nanccancnawiinmcadmanantmenentammemeanaunads 103 Somme 2 9 Gp tol ges a 0 6 aera ene NEEE Certain ree ee ee eee ee emer 106 6 9 Getan End Visit Report from the datalogger uuu cesssssscsessssessssesscsesscsesscsesscsesscsesscsessesessesesseseseesesseseseesesseseess 108 6 10 Add notes and documents to StreaMTrac Site VISIT esessssesesecsesecscsessssesssssscsssessessseesesssescsssseseseseesesees 108 6 11 Uploading data from the datalogger into StreaMTrac scsessssesscsessssesscsessssessesesscsesscsesscsssseseseesessesesseseess 110 FIS Page 9
166. ssesssessseesseesssesssersseess 107 Page vil SedEvent User Manual Table of Figures Figure 6 20 Datalogger memory stick folder Nierarchy cscsssecsssssscssesscsssssscsssecscsssecscsssecscssseessssseesssssecsssesseeees 108 Figure 6 21 StreamTrac Notes AttachMent tab csssscscsssecscsssscssessecsssssecsssssecessssecsssesecsssesecessesscassecscassecssoees 109 Fig re 7 1 Stream rac View Edit WINDOW visas cicntieeia iecnnienta i a aa aE Raa Ra 113 Figure 7 2 Stream Trac Open Graph WINGOW cssssscsssssscsssssssssssscsesesessscssssssssesescsesescsescsssssssseseseseseasscsesesssseseseas 114 Figure 7 3 StreamTrac Example Graph window csssssssssssssssssssscscscsescssscssssssssesesesesesesessssssssesesesesesescacsesessesesess 115 Figure 7 4 StreamTrac Parts Of the Graph WiINGOW cscsssssssssssssssssscsssesscsssssscsssecscsssesscsssecscsssecscssscsesesscseseescsees 116 Figure 7 5 StreamTrac Graph with minimal details turned ON s ssesssessessesssessesseeseessessesseessesseoseeseessesseeseeseesseose 117 Figure 7 6 StreamTrac Graph window VIEW Control esesssesscscscscssssssssssssssesesescscscssssssssssssesescsesesescsssessesesess 117 Figure 7 7 StreamTrac Graph window with Storm Event interval displayed sssesssesssesssessseesseesssessseesss 118 Figure 7 8 StreamTrac Modify Station Note WINKOW csssssssssssecssssscsssssscsssesscsssesscsssesscsssecsesssecs
167. stem at the site Page 42 of 170 SedEvent User Manual Chapter 5 Installing the system at the site 5 10 1 2 Connection 5 10 2 Solar panel 5 10 2 1 Mounting 5 10 2 2 Connection 5 10 3 Datalogger safe power on and power off sequences 5 10 3 1 Safe power on sequence 5 10 3 2 Safe power off sequence 5 11 Using the datalogger interface sissien 57 5 11 1 Datalogger Home screen 5 11 2 Entering alphanumeric field values 5 12 Verifying basic system operation ccsssessssessessssscssssssscsesssscssssssscsecsssacsecsesssscsesssscsesassscsesassucsesassecsecassscseessesssess 58 5 12 1 Check power system 5 12 2 Verify datalogger date and time 5 13 Geta Start Visit Report from the datalogger sssssssessssessssesscsessssesscsessesesscsessesesseseseeseseeseseesessescseeseseesesseseess 62 5 14 Configuring the ISCO auto samMplef s ssseessseessseessseessseessseeesseessseessseeosseeosseeesseeosseeesseeosseeosseessseeesseeesseeesseeesseeesseee 64 515 Copiguring the datalogger xs cecssstssctccseavecssccsvsaacestseusnascasansaabvecirstsnsaucteencensiansincardesatadinetinaisaventaieniestaanaitaretatiedies 64 5 15 1 Selecting intervals and offsets 5 15 2 Detecting sensors 5 15 3 Configuring a Pressure Transducer stage sensor 5 15 4 Configuring a DTS 12 turbidity sensor 5 15 5 Configuring the ISCO controller cable 5 15 6 Configuring the threshold sampling TSampler process 5 15 7 Setting stage offset 5 15 8 Configuring teleme
168. stem in a controlled laboratory environment prior to deployment in the field This will allow you to configure the system and gain operational experience using simulated turbidity events site visit forms and a pump sample handling scheme prior to field installation An efficient bottle labeling and swapping scheme should be developed and practiced System set up and troubleshooting should be learned in the lab The following sections describe exactly how to do this 3 2 1 Required parts and equipment 1 Opaque container in which to deploy the DTS 12 turbidity sensor and test solution 2 StableCal or sediment sample used to mix an approximate 400 600 NTU solution An approximate solution is all that is needed accuracy is not important in preparing it FTS Page 19 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Manual Chapter 3 Preparing for the field 3 Means for suspending the DTS 12 turbidity sensor so that it does not rest on the bottom of the test reservoir A spring clamp that can clamp the DTS 12 s cable to a table edge or framework can work well 4 A separate container of water in which to deploy the stage sensor to a minimum depth of 0 6 ft and set up a recirculation loop for the ISCO auto sampler A 5 gallon bucket works well 3 2 2 Setting up the system IMPORTANT Connect all system components together first prior to connecting battery power to the datalogger The following two figures provide log
169. streamlined booms to promote laminar flow around the sensor s optics during peak flow By contrast larger multi parameter sondes tend to have crowded sensor geometries that are particularly susceptible to high frequency bubble noise in higher velocity flows In Figure 4 1010 the DTS 12 is mounted pointing slightly toward the streambed at approximately 15 degrees from horizontal with the sensor face aimed downstream This deployment method has proven to be very effective and routinely returns high quality data Figure 4 10 Boom deployment for optimum laminar flow If you are seeing high frequency bubble noise in your data as a result of cavitation you need to reposition your sensor or redesign your installation hardware When searching for a deployment location watch for high turbulence on the downstream side of obstructions such as dams bridge ramparts spillways and in steep boulder laden streams The downstream side of a large pool is often a FIS Page 37 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Manual Chapter 4 Site selection and deployment hardware good well mixed location free of bubbles Deployment is sometimes a trial and error process as you typically deploy in lower stage and later observe storm or high flood conditions 4 3 4 Protection against physical damage Cables and tubing can be damaged by wildlife and humans Using conduit to carry vulnerable cables and tubing can often prevent such damage T
170. system at the site Stage Offset Tool Polled Stage Values Time Polled Polled Avg Foll Sample Size Interval SEC Timeout min Figure 5 49 Datalogger Stage Offset Tool Setting Stage Offset c Set the Interval to a reasonably short period of time 5 seconds is common d Synchronize your watch with the time shown in the upper right corner of the display Touch Start e The datalogger polls the stage sensor at the selected interval and records the time and value in the table Polled Stage Values table f Goto the staff plate and take a reading noting the exact time you take the reading g Return to the datalogger and touch Stop Stage Offset Tool 14 50 11 Polled Stage Values Foll Sample Size Interval sec Timeout min Figure 5 50 Datalogger Stop polling h Find the reading in the table that is closest in time to your staff plate reading and touch to select it i Touch Select The Enter Staff Gauge Value screen appears j Enter the value read off the staff plate Touch OK The confirmation dialog will appear FIS Page 79 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Manual Chapter 5 Installing the system at the site k The Stage Sensor screen reappears with the updated Stage Offset value Deselect the Polled check box 5 15 8 Configuring telemetry 1 On the datalogger Home screen touch Telemetry 2 The Telemetry screen appears Telemetry Telem Dev
171. t Service gt Visit Report gt End Visit gt OK For detailed instructions see section 6 9 6 Remove the USB memory stick and plug it into a computer 7 Ifyou wish to examine the downloaded data manually a Goto the folder H2 Data Logger lt Station Name gt Data on the memory stick b Open the file named lt Station Name gt lt Timestamp gt csv g CranstonCreek 10 8 01 13 45 csv FIS Page 24 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Manual Chapter 3 Preparing for the field 8 If you wish to examine the data using StreamTrac a Setup a station See StreamTrac Help b Import the data file into the station c View the station data using the graph facility 3 3 Optional computer and software The Axiom H2 datalogger does not require a computer for any field operations All functions can be controlled from the H2 s front panel touchscreen and data of all kinds can be downloaded directly into a USB memory stick plugged into one of its front panel USB ports This means that you need not carry a laptop out to remote sites but need only record your observations and essential data in a regular paper notebook for transcription onto a computer system later For certain monitoring applications and or sites where access is easy you may wish to carry a laptop computer loaded with the FTS StreamTrac software With this equipment you can record information e g bottle IDs during bottle changes d
172. t Axis Zoom icon next to the desired axis 7 4 4 Scrolling and panning These two terms are almost synonyms and both refer to a way to shift what part of the graph data is displayed in a zoomed view Panning shifts the graph area by allowing the user to drag the graph across the window as if the mouse pointer were sticky Zooming accomplishes the same thing by using conventional scroll bars at the edges of the graph window From here on when we say scroll we also mean pan 7 4 4 1 Toggling Y axis scrolling on or off In some cases it is most convenient to be able to scroll only on the X axis in others it is preferable to be able to scroll on both X and Y axes To control Y axis scrolling 1 In the upper control bar of the graph window see Figure 7 4 click the drop down arrow beside View 2 The View control appears see Figure 7 6 3 Click Allow Vertical Scrolling to toggle Y axis scrolling to the other state 7 4 4 2 Scrolling X axis only To scroll the data in the X axis use the scroll bar below the main graph area see Figure 7 4 The Y axis can only be scrolled by panning 7 4 4 3 Panning To pan the data in both X and Y axes position the mouse cursor in any clear area of the graph canvas right click and drag left or right up or down The graph moves as if attached to the cursor 7 5 Station Notes 7 5 1 Adding a new Station Note To add a new Station Note to a graph 1 Position th
173. t determined by its type see section 4 4 2 above In general a stage sensor should be located where it is least likely to be damaged by local conditions and where the stream bed and banks are stable so that the relationship between stage measurements and flow rating remains relatively stable and reliable over long periods 4 5 Stream gauging flow measurement and stage discharge rating One common and important objective of stream monitoring is to estimate the total sediment transport in the stream Estimates of discharge or flow see Glossary are necessary to calculate total sediment loads Discharge is impractical to measure directly but it can be estimated from stage water depth The relationship between stage and discharge is called the stage discharge rating or rating curve This section discusses briefly the principles and methods used to estimate discharge A more detailed discussion can be found in Olson and Norris 2005 4 5 1 Discharge There are several approaches to measuring discharge The most accurate methods involve directing the stream through a hard surfaced channel of known fixed conformation In this case stage water depth FIS Page 40 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Manual Chapter 4 Site selection and deployment hardware in the channel is directly related to flow and this relationship is stable over time save when the channel is blocked by debris or is damaged Compar
174. tab f Site Visit a mf Carousel Bottle Mapping Site Details Calibration Samples Notes Attachments Site Visit l3 Station Name California Creek Hydro Year HY 2006 _ Attachments Manage Fields Print Save Figure 6 21 StreamTrac Notes Attachments tab 6 For the Start Site Visit and End Site Visit copied from datalogger each field photo of value and any other documents or files of value attach it to the Site Visit a On the Notes Attachments tab click Attach b The Browse Files window opens c Browse to the location on the laptop hard drive of the file in question d Select the file e Click Open f A link to the selected file is added to the Site Visit and the link is displayed in the Attachments list FIS Page 109 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Manual Chapter 6 Site visits Note Only a link to the file is added No files are copied changed or removed by adding or deleting a link on the Attachments Notes tab If you delete or move the linked file on the hard drive its Attachments Notes link becomes invalid 7 Transcribe any relevant notes from your field books into the Notes textbox on the Notes Attachments tab 8 Click Save 6 11 Uploading data from the datalogger into StreamTrac Data can be collected from the data logger and uploaded to StreamTrac in two different ways via telemetry or from a USB memory stick A full discussion o
175. talogger Home screen touch Sensors ii The Sensors screen appears iii Touch Solar Panel iv The Solar Panel Sensor screen appears SolarPanel Sensor Salar Solar Time To Next Acquisition M A Es Figure 5 19 Datalogger Solar Panel Sensor screen v The solar panel cannot charge the battery if its voltage is less than 12 V The current being drawn is dependent upon the available voltage from the solar panel and the demand from the power management system to recharge the battery but it should be substantial if the battery voltage is low Low solar panel voltage or current indicates that the solar panel is not able to deliver enough energy under current conditions vi If the solar panel cannot deliver sufficient energy then you may need to increase its output either with better orientation or positioning of the solar panel or with a larger capacity solar panel The Axiom H2 can manage power usage up to 100 watts about 8 A of current at the nominal operating voltage of 12 V e Ifthe solar panel is delivering sufficient energy then the battery itself may be failing Try recharging it and check to see if it will hold and deliver that charge 5 12 2 Verify datalogger date and time On the datalogger Home screen touch Service 1 The Service screen opens FIS Page 61 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Manual Chapter 5 Installing the system at the site Service Set Date
176. te Visit right click on the icon and select View Modify c Forinformation on adding Site Visits see Chapter 6 7 4 Zooming scrolling and panning Zooming in and out on a graph essentially means adjusting the visible range of the X and Y axes To see a small area of the graph in detail either X or Y axes or both are limited to a small range To see the entire graph X and Y axes are set to the range limits of the data In StreamTrac you can zoom separately on the X time and Y measurement value axes The X time axis can be adjusted to any interval within the data range The Y measurement intervals can be adjusted separately on the left hand and right hand Y axes A graph that is zoomed in to show detail can be scrolled to show other parts of the graph at the same zoom level 7 4 1 Reverting to the default zoom Before zooming in or out it is useful to know how to get back to the default zoom on a graph 1 To revert to the default zoom in which the full range of X and Y values are displayed click the View AII XY icon in the upper control bar of the graph window see Figure 7 4 2 Torevert only the X axis zoom to the default in which the full range of X values only is displayed click the View All X icon E amp I in the upper control bar of the graph window see Figure 7 4 FIS Page 119 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Manual Chapter 7 Data analysis 7 4 2 Zooming using a bound
177. ter contents B 1 Turbidity threshold sampling lOGIC cssessssssssssssssssssssssssessssesscsssscsssscsessssessssessssesscsesscsesscsesscsesscsessssesscsesssseenees 142 B 2 Guidelines for setting thresholds uu essessssessssessssessssessssessssessssesssseesesessssesscsesssseessseescseesesesscseeseseeseseeseseeseseesees 142 B 2 1 General considerations B 2 2 TTS default sampling threshold values B 3 Using the USFS threshold calculator applet eessssssessssssessssssscsssesscscscssssessseesesessssesssessesesessescseesessssesesees 143 B 3 1 Installing the Java 2 JRE plug in B 3 2 Calculating and using turbidity thresholds B 3 3 Rising thresholds B 3 4 Falling thresholds B 3 5 Example B 3 6 Slot number vs bottle number B 3 7 Turbidity threshold sampling programming conditions B 3 8 TTS variable definitions FIS Page 141 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Guide Appendix B Setting turbidity thresholds B 1 Turbidity threshold sampling logic For an introduction to the TTS algorithm see section 2 4 Note The DTS 12 is a digital turbidity probe with its own microprocessor It returns several statistics to the datalogger In the datalogger the TSampler process retains the water temp in degrees C and the median Max and Variance NTU values The datalogger performs a measurement cycle on a regular interval typically 10 minutes e g 10 00 10 10 10 20 At each measurement interval 1 Stage is
178. the staff plate see section 5 15 7 6 Record the current bottle number on the ISCO auto sampler display Press i if display is dark BOTTLE 14 AFTER 1 PULSES 7 Compare Slot number from datalogger Current Condition screen and Bottle number from ISCO display Verify that Slot 1 Bottle Notes a On the datalogger Slot indicates the number of bottles already filled Slot 1 is the bottle number to be filled next b On the ISCO Bottle indicates the bottle number to be filled next c When the datalogger and ISCO are operating correctly Slot 1 Bottle 8 If the Slot and Bottle numbers are not consistent see previous step a Stop the ISCO program b Replace all filled sample bottles with empties see section 6 5 c Restart the ISCO program d Be skeptical about the relationship of the slot bottle numbers recorded in the datalogger to the other data collected for the filled sample bottles you removed 9 Wait at least two minutes after the most recent measurement by the datalogger 10 Check the sample bottles If sample volumes are too high or too low go to Troubleshooting 6 4 Create a Site Visit in StreamTrac The next steps of the site visit activities call for a site visit report to be created and filled out on the laptop 1 Connect the serial cable between the laptop and the Axiom H2 datalogger 2 Onthe laptop start the StreamTrac software 3 The StreamTrac main window opens FIS Page 94 of
179. tification e g initials or name and Trip 5 Touch Start Visit 6 The Save Report screen appears Touch OK Save Report 1 e0 Visit Report for 10 20 2014 13 14 35 GMT 10 20 2014 21 14 35 Station Info Station Name TEST SITE Station Description MT Nonsuch Figure 5 23 Datalogger Save Report screen 7 The Visit Report screen reappears in End Visit mode End Visit button is displayed You will return to this screen later to save the End Visit Report for a record of configuration changes and troubleshooting if required FIS Page 63 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Manual Chapter 5 Installing the system at the site 8 Touch Home 5 14 Configuring the ISCO auto sampler See Appendix D 5 15 Configuring the datalogger Once the system has been physically installed and connected it needs to be configured for the specific use it is to serve Refer to the Axiom Datalogger Configuration Reference for more detailed explanations 5 15 1 Selecting intervals and offsets Each sensor is activated by the datalogger on a regular schedule particular to that sensor The TSampler threshold sampling process data logging and telemetry message building are also performed on regular schedules These schedules are determined by two parameters associated with each sensor process or activity interval and offset The Interval is in hh mm ss format and specifies how often t
180. tle capacity 330ml Minimum is 1 depth in bottle To troubleshoot 1 Check the pumping sampler controller for proper settings Inspect for cracked and leaking pumping sampler bottles Check intake tubing for leaks or kinks Make sure connections are tight 2 3 4 Check inside pumping sampler pump housing for worn pump tubing 5 Inspect pumping sampler intake for obstruction if stage permits 6 Overflowing bottles may indicate a failure of the liquid detector or excess air bubbles in the intake line caused by turbulent stream conditions or an air leak where the intake tubing joins the pump tubing always use stainless steel hose clamps 7 Enter the configuration mode and select the following 8 Disable Liquid detector FIS Page 134 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Manual Chapter 8 Troubleshooting 9 Calibrate sample volume 8 3 Problem Pumping sampler over sprays or water in base of sampler 1 Adjust distribution tube end to extend 1 16 beyond the distributor arm Inspect distributor arm for loose connections binding or twisted tube Check for cracked and leaking bottles Overflowing bottles in a pumping sampler 3700 may indicate a failure of the liquid detector Enter the configuration mode and select the following Disable Liquid detector NO DX Ww PF Wn Calibrate sample volume FIS Page 135 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014
181. try 5 16 Verifying system operation ccscsssssssssssecssssssscssssssscssssssscssssssscsecsssscsecsssnsscsssasscssesssucaessssucsessssucsesassncsecassacseesseneeees 83 5 16 1 Observe sensor readings 5 16 2 Test the Sensor If you suspect there is an issue with a sensor it may be incorrectly mapped or not properly seated 5 16 3 Verify data is being logged 5 16 4 Verify telemetry devices 5 16 4 1 GOES 5 16 4 2 On demand modems 5 16 5 Check serial numbers in datalogger 5 16 6 Manually trigger samples FIS Page 43 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Manual Chapter 5 Installing the system at the site 5 1 5 3 latch for auto sampler lift auto sampler Arrival at the site Once at the site ensure the site is safe check hazards and deal with them appropriately If this is an existing site survey the equipment for any damage malfunctions or incorrect sensor or antenna orientations Record your findings Unpacking Check for transport damage when unpacking the equipment As you unpack the items check them off against the shipping manifesto Certain items require a little extra care in handling Datalogger Though the datalogger s display is waterproof care should be taken to avoid contact with sharp objects which could damage the touchscreen Also do not leave the display exposed in full sun for long periods of time as this may damage the display A good practice is to keep the data
182. ubleshooting AppendixC Determining optimum solar panel tilt angle To capture the most energy the solar panel should point in the direction that receives the most sun This direction must account for hemisphere latitude seasonality and obstructions In the northern hemisphere the sun traverses the southern sky and the solar panel should face south in the southern hemisphere the sun is in the north The rest of this discussion will assume the northern hemisphere in the southern hemisphere all is the same exchanging south for north Latitude and seasonality determine the nominal tilt of the solar panel from the horizontal The sun s azimuth angle above horizontal varies between local latitude minus 15 degrees in winter to local latitude plus 15 degrees in summer Most solar panel installations are not likely to be adjusted throughout the year let alone during the day to track the sun s changing azimuth so a fixed tilt angle is needed A fixed tilt should maximize the energy collected over the day Since considerably less solar energy is available in winter and since typically more energy is available in summer than is required the fixed tilt should optimize the summer winter balance The most common optimizing formula is tilt angle latitude x 0 9 30 The table below gives tilt angles calculated from this formula for selected latitudes ee a o e e H FTS Page 149 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2
183. ustry leading FTS G5 GOES transmitter for relaying data via satellite All that is necessary externally are GOES and GPS antennas The Axiom H2 datalogger can also transmit data using any of several external telemetry devices including 2 2 10 SedEvent station enclosure Figure 2 12 SedEvent station enclosure FIS 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 Chapter 2 System overview The RG T precision Tipping Bucket Rain Gauge incorporates jewelled bearings and is accurate to 0 01 inches of water per tip It maintains calibration for long periods Connection to the Axiom H2 datalogger is via the dedicated RAIN input External GOES transmitter GlobalStar satellite modem Cellular GSM or CDMA modem RMX VHF radio modem TM Ultra landline phone modem Direct connection Ubicom The custom designed station enclosure provides a convenient protected on site workstation for carrying out routine site visits It provides shelter from the rain and secure protection for the monitoring equipment For the ISCO sampler the enclosure comes with a slide out shelf on heavy duty full extension Slides and a lid lifting device that provides easy access to sample bottles A convenient work table and bottle staging area is also included Page 14 of 170 SedEvent User Manual Chapter 2 System overview 2 3 Laboratory analysis Laboratory analysis of samples collected in the field can determine the suspended sediment concentrat
184. ut specific knowledge of the sensor s capabilities f Interval Time period between queries issued by datalogger to sensor See discussions in section 5 15 1 and Appendix A on selecting Interval and Offset values g Offset Time after beginning of query interval at which query is actually sent See discussions in section 5 15 1 and Appendix A on selecting Interval and Offset values h Number of Samples and Sample Period control burst averaging They are enabled only when Burst Avg is selected i Burst Avg activates the burst averaging feature for stage values A burst average is formed at each measurement event by collecting the specified number of samples at intervals specified by Sample Period and taking the average 5 Enter or modify values for the fields in the Temp tab Pressure Transducer Setup Sensor Stage Temp Conversion Temp Mame Precision Units c F Figure 5 29 Datalogger Pressure Transducer Setup Temperature Tab a Temp Name Variable name for the temperature value b Units Select C Celsius or F Fahrenheit C Precision Meaningful digits after decimal place in value returned by sensor 6 Enter or modify values for the fields in the Conversion tab This tab sets up the equation used to convert measured water pressure to estimated water depth This is the value given to the variable defined on the Stage tab a Resetresets the parameters on this screen to their default values FTS Page
185. ward the enclosure 5 9 3 Data connection To connect the rain gauge to the datalogger 1 Feed the end of the rain gauge sensor cable through the opening on the right side of the enclosure 2 Plug the cable connector into the blue ringed connector labelled RAIN on the front of the datalogger 5 10 Powersystem The SedEvent system is powered by one or more heavy duty sealed deep cycle batteries A solar panel recharges the batteries Both solar panel and batteries connect directly to the datalogger which has a power management system that regulates the charging of the batteries 5 10 1 Battery 5 10 1 1 Mounting 1 Place the battery ies on the floor of the enclosure beneath the laptop shelf on the right hand side of the enclosure If possible avoid blocking the drainage holes towards the rear right of the enclosure FIS Page 53 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Manual Chapter 5 Installing the system at the site 5 10 1 2 Connection IMPORTANT The battery cable s ring terminals should always be connected to the battery before the battery cable is connected to the datalogger IMPORTANT The battery cable fuse will blow if the battery connections are reversed This will not harm the datalogger but the fuse must be replaced IMPORTANT To ensure proper power up the battery should always be connected to the datalogger before connecting the solar panel To connect the battery power
186. x are parameters updated by the G5 transmitter after each GOES transmission FIS Page 82 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Manual Chapter 5 Installing the system at the site Telemetry A G5 C51 Setup Transmitter Datapoint names Forward Power Reflected Power SWR Power Supply During Tx Timestamp with time of occurrence Figure 5 55 Datalogger Telemetry A Power Parameters Tab 8 GPS Tab Use this if GPS fixing intervals more frequent than the normal once every 24 hours are required Particularly useful in drift calculations Select Edit a Select the Enable GPS Fix Interval check box then enter the desired fix interval Telemetry A G5 C51 Setup 11 17 49 Transmitter Self Timed Pwr Params GPS io Enable GPS Fix Interval GPS Fix Interval ol sf a Figure 5 56 Datalogger Telemetry A GPS Tab 5 16 Verifying system operation Once all of the equipment has been mounted and connected perform the following checks to verify the correct operation of the system 5 16 1 Observe sensor readings 1 On the datalogger Home screen touch Sensors 2 For each sensor icon mapped to a sensor port a Touch the sensor icon b The sensor s particular screen opens FIS Page 83 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Manual Chapter 5 Installing the system at the site SDI_PT Sensor 16 07 43 Hta1 1 341 HG1 raw 0 097 Ti 1 218 Stage Offset HG
187. xctrescicous svesexsvocesarsecesenstuossotetessusnsancaterensacesseat ENE IA S OE EAE EEE 125 Page 111 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 Chapter 7 Data analysis SedEvent User Manual Chapter 7 Data analysis 7 8 Incorporating laboratory GNAIVSIS sasccscsesscxcsarecodsenccedesnredstacsnnnsesabenssusvenaceseaenecseesnesesessivessvastsnscisntesesneaeneesseaiesnyeinsies 127 7 9 Determining turbidity SSC lab result relationShipS ssssessseessseessseessseessseessseessseeosseeossseosseeosseeosseeosseeosseee 128 wW A FIS Page 112 of 170 700 SedEvent User Manual Rev 2 18 Dec 2014 SedEvent User Manual Chapter 7 Data analysis 7 1 Viewing data tables To view the data collected for a particular station in a tabular text format 1 In the StreamTrac Main window click Data gt View Edit 2 The View Edit window opens with the most recently used station selected f California Creek a aA Select Station California Creek Ei Field Operator Value zi il a l Ka Filter By v 4 774 3 8 gt i be I ke iN oo iu on 2906 01 24 H w i 2906 01 24 2006 01 24 2006 01 24 9096 01 24 H t M 2 ip te L bs uo Pinon on win d amp iu ti tu t H e hs A H M io 0006 01 24 te He ni n l anj lal l lan Hh mH OW J He gt S FAO OjO HO O w ew tE gt oo M DO lt lt 2006 01 24 lt 006 01 24 1 Mm H 2906 01 24 te H o
188. zeroes of each axis to be aligned vertically on graph See StreamTrac Help for details 3 Storm Events Storm Events are markers added by users to delineate a time interval in the data when a storm event is believed to have occurred Storm Events are indicated by the icon A Storm Event icon is positioned at the beginning date and time of the storm event time interval a To view a summary of the information about a Storm Event hover over the icon b To toggle on or off a display of the interval defined for the Storm Event click on the icon See figure below ei California Creek Sele Fl Save Layout fi Delete Ggjprint f Series v hView v E FE S i pata View B Save Edits California Creek Stagel e oe P9 tn 58 Vat Tem 12 13 12 16 12 19 12 22 12 25 12 28 12 31 01 03 01 06 01 09 01 142 01 15 01 18 01 21 01 24 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 California Creek Turbidity California Creek VVat_Temp California Creek Stage View QS v set as I California Creek Stage imiia Quality SEBA Fair M Status E approved EN j Range From 2005 12 10 16 20 B Period Load Total To 2006 01 24 22 00 me Xa Figure 7 7 StreamTrac Graph window with Storm Event interval displayed c To view or edit details about the Storm Event right click on the icon and select View Modify d Forinformation on adding Storm Events see section 7 9 1 4 Site Visits S

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