EPM1000 User`s Guide
Contents
1. i an CIM Sen ang E P M1 000 JOULEMETER POWER METER USER S GUIDE MUMllmetectror E P M1 OOO SINGLE CHANNEL JOULEMETER POWER METER USERS GUIDE EPM1000 User s Manual Revised September 21 1998 Published by Molectron Detector Incorporated 7470 S W Bridgeport Road Portland OR 97224 800 366 4340 503 620 9069 FAX 503 620 8964 http www molectron com Copyright 1998 by Molectron Detector Inc All rights reserved No portion of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in whole or in part in any form or by any means without permission of the publisher Document Number QI 4 6 Table of Contents Table of Contents Features Description Welcome 5 Overview 5 Unpacking and Inspecting the Instrument 5 Safety Information 6 Manual Information 7 Features 7 Interface 7 Units and Ranges 7 Compatible Probes 8 Understanding the EPM1000 Internal Trigger 8 Understanding the EPM1000 External Trigger 10 Understanding the EPM1000 Speedup Feature 11 Description 12 Rear Panel 12 Front Panel 14 Operation Tutorial 19 Thermopile 19 Pyroelectric 20 Modes 21 Normal Mode 21 Auto Mode 21 Average Mode 21 Statistics Mode 22 Settings 22 System Settings 22 Trigger Settings 26 Communications Settings 27 Programming Connection Methods 29 Commands 29 Audible Beeper 30 Average Batch Size 30 Backlight 30 Channel Store Recall 30 Communications Error 31 D2. 46 Watts Key see Keys Watts Watts Setting the EPM1000 for 12 Wavelength Compensation 21 Activating 21 Changing 21 Deactivating 21 Zero Adjustment Screw 10 13 Zero Baseline Value see Zero Zero Key see Keys Zero Zet0 37 Zeroing the Display 15 EPM1000 User s Guide Index 55 Index 56 EPM1000 User s Guide
3. Automatic Autorange Using 40 with Pyroelectric Silicon Probes 12 Average Batch Size 17 19 26 Changing 19 Average Key see Keys Average Average Mode see Modes Average Average Mode Setting the EPM1000 for 12 18 AVG Annunciator see Annunciator AVG Backlight Display 19 26 Baseline 5 Battery Indicator see Indicator Battery Baud Rate see RS 232 Port Baud Rate Binary Format see Format Data Binary Buffer Depth see Output Depth EPM1000 User s Guide Index Buffer Extra Data In 40 Buffer see Data Buffer Buffering Commands see Commands Buffering Buttons see Keys Cables 39 Calibration 41 Capitalization see Case Command Case Command 25 Caution Condition Defined 2 ch aver bat see Average Batch Size ch mem recall see Channel Recall ch mem store see Channel Store ch oper stat see Operating Mode ch query see Display Current Reading ch range max see Range Maximum Minimum ch range min see Range Maximum Minimum ch range see Range Current ch resp pyro see Responsivity ch stat bat see Statistics Batch Size ch stat mode see Statistics Restart Mode ch stat send see Statistics Send ch stat start see Statistics Batch Restart Mode ch stat start see Statistics Start ch trig lev see Trigger Level ch trig src see Trigger Source ch type see Probe Type ch units see Units ch zero see Zero chan a units 39 Channel Recall 26 Channel Store 26 Clearing Errors While Entering Data 12 COMM Key s
4. Fuse Replacement Properly align the probe in the beam Verify the probe is connected to the Pulse In or Smart Probe connector If the trigger source see Operation Operations Settings Trigger Settings Trigger Source is external be sure an actual trigger pulse is applied to the Trigger In connector If the EPM1000 is expected to extract a trigger from the incoming laser pulse set the trigger source for internal Lower the trigger level see Operation Operations Settings Trigger Settings Trigger Level Lower the EPM1000 s range Verify the probe is connected securely Verify the PowerMax function is enabled by pressing Likewise disable the function by pressing If the EPM1000 senses a PowerMax thermopile probe upon startup it will ignore pyroelectric silicon probe input Either disconnect the PowerMax probe or deactivate it using the method described above Either deactivate the display speedup see Operation Operation Settings System Settings Display Speedup or set it to selective mode Verify the IEEE 488 port has been activated see Operation Operation Settings Communications Settings IEEE 488 Enable Disable Verify the EPM1000 IEEE 488 address matches the host computer s address Verify the cable is securely attached to both devices Verify that other IEEE 488 devices can be used on the same bus As above verify the RS 232 option on the EPM1000 has been activated see Operation
5. communications stream Command Form COMMunication RS232 STOPbits lt 1 2 gt Examples Input Response comm rs232 stop 2 none comm rs232 stop COMM RS232 STOPBITS 2 Instructs the EPM1000 to perform a self test and return the result Command Form TST Example Input Response tst PASS Set or query the status of the EPM1000 Display Speedup function Command Form SYSTem OPTion SPEEDup lt ON OFF SELective gt Examples Input Response syst opt speed off none syst opt speed SYSTEM OPTION SPEEDUP OFF EPM1000 User s Guide Programming Statistics Batch Size Set or guery the batch size in statistics mode As with setting the batch size from the front panel setting a quantity of 0 results in continuous statistical sampling Setting this value automatically resets the EPM1000 s statistical batch Command Form CHan STATistics BATch size lt 0 2 9999 gt Examples Input Response ch stat bat 6126 none ch stat bat CHAN A STAT BATCH_SIZE 6126 Statistics Restart Mode Set or query the EPM1000 s action at the end of a statistical batch Manual requires a restart signal such as ch stat start automatic will begin a new batch immediately upon logging the data from the previous batch Command Form CHan STATistics MODE lt MANual AUTOmatic gt Examples Input Response ch stat mode auto none ch stat mode CHAN A STAT MODE AUTO Statistics Send Set or query the values tr
6. see Line Frequency syst opt speed see Speedup Communication Error 25 27 Parameters Modifying 13 Settings EPM1000 23 Host 25 Compatible Probes 4 Conducted Emissions Reguirements see Warranted Characteristics Emissions Connectinga Powered Probe 2 Connection methods 25 CR Adding to Command String 39 Current Boosting External Trigger Source 6 Damage tothe Instrument 1 2 Data Buffer 17 Data Communications Eguipment DCE 9 Data Format see Output Format Headers see Headers Data High Byte 29 31 Figure Low Byte 29 31 Figure Value 31 Data Terminal Equipment DTE 9 DCE Data Communications Equipment 9 Defaults Factory 19 45 Reprogramming the EPM1000 with 19 Delay TimeforCommands 40 DEV Annunciator see Annunciator DEV Digital Board 44 Digital Display 10 Figure 11 Digital Firmware Revision 44 Disconnecting a Powered Probe 2 Display Backlight See Backlight Display Current Reading 27 52 Display Clearing 40 Document Number Inside Front Cover DTE Data Terminal Equipment 9 Electrostatic Discharge see Warranted Characteristics Susceptibility Emissions see Warranted Characteristics Emissions EN 50081 1 see Warranted Characteristics Emissions EN 50081 1 see Warranted Characteristics Emissions EN 50082 1 see Warranted Characteristics Susceptibility EN 55011 see Warranted Characteristics Emissions ENT Key see Keys ENT Error Conditions 18 Estimating Final Power Value 7 Europ
7. complete the action p p p EPM1000 User s Guide Programming Programming Connection Methods Commands EPM1000 User s Guide The EPM1000 has been designed to use one computer interface at a time Before attempting to communicate with the EPM1000 via either the RS 232 interface or the IEEE 488 interface be sure the interface has been activated see Operation Settings Communication Settings Verify that all computer host communication settings match the EPM1000 settings IEEE 488 address RS 232 baud rate etc The EPM1000 will only transmit in response to a query command It will not respond to set commands For example the EPM1000 will transmit a response to ch stat bat butnottoch stat bat 100 The EPM1000 activates the REM annunciator and disables the front panel controls while it processes a remote command During IEEE 488 communication the EPM1000 stays in this mode To return the EPM1000 to local control send a RST to the EPM1000 or a loc command to the IEEE 488 bus During serial communication when the EPM1000 has completed the remote command the REM annunciator is deactivated and control returned to the front panel Commands will function as described with either the RS 232 or IEEE 488 interface If the EPM1000 receives a command it does not know or cannot process no action will occur unless Communication Error reporting is activated in which case the EPM1000 will reply with the error message Un
8. counts followed by a unit designator 2146V 1864V 1600V 1366V etc The decimal point after the first digit is still implied and the leading zeroes are blanked so a reading such as 687V would indicate a pulse height of 0 687V 35 Programming 36 Output Format Continued Probe Type Range Current ASCII A commonly used form of data transmission most easily readable Data is indicated using scientific notation and units are included For example 0 687E 00V When multiple values are transmitted such as statistical data the values are separated by a comma To avoid confusion data headers should be utilized when transmitting multiple values see Programming Commands Statistics Send An example of multiple values with headers is AVG 0 950E 00V DEV 0 001E 00V Command Form OUTputFORMat lt BINary ASCII ASCII gt Examples Input Response out form bin none out form OUTPUT FORMAT BINARY Query the EPM1000 to determine the type of probe attached In the case of a PowerMax probe the EPM1000 will also return the head code in hexadecimal notation Command Form CHan TYPE Example Input Response ch type CHAN A TYPE PYRO Set or query the EPM1000 s current range Example range arguments include 300mv 30mj 35 etc Command Form CHan RANGE lt range argument gt Example Input Response ch range 10V none ch range CHAN A RANGE 10V EPM1000 User s Guide Range Max
9. dump see Output Dump out form see Output Format Output Buffer 28 Circular Mode 28 Dumping 40 Fixed Mode 28 Saving 40 Output Continuous 28 40 Output Depth 29 Output Dump 29 Output Format 29 Overload Reading 15 16 18 Overview 1 Parity see RS 232 Port Parity PMSK 7 Pomona Terminator 8 Power Cord 2 39 Power Switch 8 9 Power Energy Density Limits 15 16 Powered Probe Connecting or Disconnecting 2 15 Powered Probe Joulemeter 8 PowerMax Probe 32 PowerMax Function 39 Thermopile Probes 1 8 39 Probe Data Incoming 17 Probe Type 32 Probe Properly Aligning 39 Probes Compatible 4 Probes PM5K 7 Probes Pyroelectric 4 Thermopile 4 Programming 25 Example 38 Figure Pulse In Connector 8 16 Pulse with Noisy Tail 22 Pyroelectric Probes see Probes Pyroelectric Pyroelectric Responsivity see Responsivity Pyroelectric Pyroelectric Tutorial see Tutorial Pyroelectric Radiated Emissions see Warranted Characteristics Emissions Range Adjusting 16 Current 32 Determining Proper 40 Maximum Minimum 33 Rear Panel Figure 8 Refresh Rate Display 17 Rejection Frequencies 20 Reliable Trigger 4 5 53 Index REM Annunciator see Annunciator REM Remote Commands see Commands Remote Rep Rate see Specifications Rep Rate Maximum Reset 25 33 Responsivity 33 as V mJ 16 Automatically Programmed by Thermopile 15 Pyroelectric 20 Changing 20 Thermopile 20 Changing 20 Return Mater
10. on all sides between the carton and the EPM1000 Allow 7 5 cm 3 in on all sides top and bottom 45 Maintenance Service and Calibration Instrument 5 Sealthe shipping carton with shipping tape or an industrial Calibration and stapler Service 6 On the outside of the package clearly print the RMA continued number 46 EPM1000 User s Guide Specifications Specifications Electrical Mechanical Display Ranges Ranges are limited to 5 or 6 decades depending on probe type Resolution Maximum Rep Rate Linearity A D Digital Resolution Input Impendance Noise Equivalent Voltage NEV Analog Output External Trigger Input EPM1000 User s Guide e Four numeric digits with polarity sign e Two alphanumeric characters e Annunciators for statistical functions trigger and communications e Backlight on off switchable e Energy 1 pJ to 10 J in 28 ranges e Power 1 mW to 10 kW in 15 ranges e Frequency 0 1 to 500 Hz for pyroelectric silicon probes only e Volts 2 mV to 30 V for pyroelectric silicon probes only e Volts 200 uV to 1 V for thermopile probes e Energy 1 3000 of full scale e Power 1 3000 of full scale e Frequency 0 1 Hz e Volts 10 UV e 1000 Hz e 1 e 12 bit 1 MQ 50 Q output probes require a feedthrough terminator 50 uV typical Full scale output 1 81 VDC Output Impedance 100 Q Minimum load 600 Q Update Rate 3 Hz e Optically coupled e 100 Q in series with LED e R
11. the buffer will not contain data and the out dump command will be ignored Deactivate the continuous output with out cont off Switching ranges on an EPM1000 can cause a trigger which activates the A D converters The resulting data is stored in the buffer just like real data Avoid this by keeping the EPM1000 set to external trigger whenever possible This only occurs when the EPM1000 trigger source is internal Raise the trigger level as high as possible without missing pulses A trigger level that is too low will trigger on and collect noise which contaminates the batch When determining a proper range for an unknown signal always start at the highest possible range and work downward from there Avoid starting at a low range and working up as this usually results in an overload condition Likewise while using the Autorange function begin by setting the EPM1000 into its highest range The EPM1000 will hold the last peak value measured even if the pyroelectric silicon probe has been disconnected Press the corresponding unit key to clear the display The Trigger Holdoff may be set too low causing the EPM1000 to trigger on the tail of the most recent pulse See Operation Operation Settings Trigger Settings Trigger Holdoff and set the Trigger Holdoff for a value high enough for the pulse tail to drop below the trigger threshold EPM1000 User s Guide Fuse Replacement Ait Instrument Calibration and Service EPM1
12. the responsivity to 0 765 or 7 65 x 10 1 53 x 0 5 Responsivity Thermopile The Thermopile Responsivity like the pyroelectric responsivity is a conversion factor but to Watts instead of Joules For most probes the EPM1000 will automatically read the thermopile responsivity from the probe EEPROM but sometimes the thermopile responsivity must be changed manually To change the thermopile responsivity press m The current thermopile responsivity will appear on the LCD As with the pyroelectric or 7 responsivity press to change the exponent and exponent sign Change the decimal part using the Numeric Entry Keys Finish by pressing E As with the pyroelectric responsivity the EPM1000 refuses to accept an invalid value EPM1000 User s Guide System Settings Continued EPM1000 User s Guide Operation Statistics Batch Restart Mode The EPM1000 handles the end of a statistical batch in one of two different ways In Automatic Restart Mode at the then of a batch the EPM1000 automatically begins collecting the next batch The calculated statistical values are displayed on screen until the new batch has been collected In Manual Restart Mode at the end of a batch the EPM1000 ignores additional incoming data and displays the finished batch s statistical data until the EPM1000 is reset manually by pressing the T key or via the remote command CH STAT START To change the Restart Mode press mu a The LCD will d
13. this command sets the current probe input voltage as a zero baseline value While taking a statistics measurement the EPM1000 will reset the batch upon receiving this command Command Form CHan ZERO Examples Input Response ch zero lt batch resets thermopile zeroes gt 41 Programming Programming Example 42 The following example shows the necessary commands to set the EPM1000 to collect a statistical batch of 100 samples from a 1kHz laser The probe responsivity is 220 V J The binary data are stored in the EPM 1000 s buffer until download via the out dump command The buffer depth has been set to the maximum value to allow the greatest time between data dumps ch units jou Sets the EPM1000 to measure Joules ch resp pyro 220 _ Pyroelectric responsivity to 220 V J ch trig sre int Trigger source internal ch trig lev 8 Trigger level 8 out cont off Deactivate continuous output out dep 4095 Buffer depth 4095 bytes ch range 30mj Range 30mJ out form ascii Set output format to ASCII ch oper stat Set EPM1000 to Statistics Mode ch stat bat 100 Statistics batch size 100 ch stat mode auto Automatic restart at the end of a batch ch stat send min max avg dev head Transmit all values The following illustration shows a small LabVIEW VI Virtual Instrument diagram which programs an EPM1000 with the above commands It expects an EPM1000 on the IEEE 488 bus at address 5 Each command is separated by 300 milliseconds
14. this key during configuration menus or while entering a number on the numeric keypad will accept the currently displayed value or number Numeric Entry Keys Use this keypad for data entry such as detector responsivity or setup information such as statistics UUs H 1 2 3 batch size Analog Meter The EPM1000 s analog meter uses two scales one marked 0 10 and one marked 0 3 The 1 and 3 scale indicators on the LCD indicate respec tively which scale the EPM1000 is using Zero Adjustment Screw Use this screw to adjust the zero of the analog meter EPM1000 User s Guide 17 Features amp Description 18 EPM1000 User s Guide Operation Operation Tutorial Thermopile Measuring laser power using a PowerMax thermopile probe is easy with the EPM1000 It automatically searches for an attached thermopile probe when powered up An attached thermopile probe is gueried and the probe s responsivity is automatically programmed into the EPM1000 Warning Follow all laser safety procedures Laser must be blocked or A Warning switched off before beginning this procedure Caution Do not exceed the power energy density limits for the C aution thermopile probe as defined in the probe s data sheet 1 Place the PowerMax probe in the path of the laser beam in such a way that the beam will strike the center of the probe surface when power is restored Caution The EPM1000 must be off before connecting or disconnecting AKTE any p
15. trigger point back it searches for a baseline The EPM1000 can be programmed to ignore triggers for a specified time after a valid trigger This prevents false triggers in pulse tails from accidentally starting a new sample see Figure 2 This amount of delay time is called the Trigger Holdoff see Operation Operation Settings Trigger Settings Trigger Holdoff The EPM1000 is set at the factory with a 1 ms trigger holdoff Possible False Trigger 10 Trigger 4 Level 5 TF Figure 2 How a false trigger could occur Features amp Description Understanding the EPM1000 External Trigger Circuit 10 The external trigger for the EPM1000 is a 1002 resistor R64 in series with an optical coupler U39 The coupler is protected by an additional diode CR20 A high signal at the BNC forward biases the optocoupler diode and triggers the EPM1000 Trigger In BNC ha R64 Figure 3 The external trigger circuit for the EPM1000 Typical instrumentation will trigger an EPM1000 reliably In the event that the triggering instrument cannot source enough current the current supply must be boosted externally via a buffer circuit such as shown in Figure 4 EPM1000 Buffer Instrument circuit Trigger Trigger In Signal BNC Figure 4 Method to boost source current of triggering device EPM1000 User s Guide Features Description Understandi
16. 000 User s Guide Maintenance Service and Calibration The EPM1000 has no user serviceable parts other than the replaceable fuse located on the rear panel Replace the fuse by using a small flat head screwdriver to carefully pry the fuse holder from the power entry module Use only a 240VAC 1A fast blow fuse Locate a spare fuse in the removable fuse holder Figure 13 Removing the EPM1000 fuse and the spare fuse compartment Caution If the EPM1000 blows two or more fuses in a short period of time turn the unit off disconnect it from the AC supply and contact Molectron Detector Inc To maintain optimum NIST traceable performance return the EPM1000 to Molectron Detector Inc for annual calibration and maintenance To prepare and ship an EPM1000 to Molectron Detector Inc 1 Call Molectron for a Return Material Authorization RMA number 2 Attach a tag to the EPM1000 indicating the owner s name and address the person to contact the serial number and the RMA number 3 Wrap the EPM1000 with polyethylene sheeting or equivalent material 4 Ifthe original packing material and carton are not available obtain a corrugated cardboard shipping carton with inside dimensions at least 15 cm 6 in taller wider and deeper than the EPM1000 The shipping carton must be constructed of cardboard with a minimum 170 kg 375 Ib test strength Cushion the unit in the shipping carton by tightly packing dunnage or urethane foam
17. 13 Features amp Description 14 Front Panel lll potect on aero mere la Lug Yuga C Digital Display Function Keys Arrow Keys System Keys N Numeric Entry Keys w S Analog Meter Zero Adjustment Screw Figure 7 EPM1000 Front Panel Digital Display Twelve different readouts appear on the EPM1000 s liquid crystal display see Figure 6 e REM Annunciator Indicates the EPM1000 is under remote control Numeric Display Typically indicates measurement value e Alphanumeric Display Typically indicates measure ment unit and some auxiliary functions DEV Annunciator Indicates the EPM1000 is display ing the standard deviation of the current batch in Statistics Mode MAX Annunciator Indicates the EPM1000 is display ing the maximum batch value in Statistics Mode MIN Annunciator Indicates the EPM1000 is displaying the minimum batch value in Statistics Mode e AVG Annunciator Indicates one of two possible states When the annunciator is steadily activated the EPM1000 is displaying the mean batch value in Statistics Mode When the annunciator is blinking the EPM1000 is in Average Mode e AUTO Annunciator Indicates the EPM1000 is in autorange mode EPM1000 User s Guide Features amp Description Front Panel Continued Pict rie LOLOL Et AVG MIN MAX DEV A D C REM Annunciator Numeric Display Alphanumeric
18. 3 18 26 Aug 96 Actual reading will vary depending on installed firmware Set or query the IEEE 488 address of the EPM1000 The EPM1000 must be reset for this command to take effect Command Form COMMunication GPIB ADDRess lt 0 31 Examples Input Response comm gpib addr 12 none comm gpib addr COMM GPIB ADDRESS 12 31 Programming 32 Line Freguency Operating Mode Output Buffer Output Continuous Set or guery the EPM100 s line freguency option Command Form SYSTem OPTion LINE lt 50HZ 60HZ gt Examples Input Response syst opt line 60hz none syst opt line SYSTEM OPTION LINE 60HZ Set or query the EPM1000 s current Operating Mode Command Form CHannel OPERating mode lt NORMal1 AVERage STATistics gt Examples Input Response ch oper stat none ch oper stat CHAN A OPER STATISTICS Set or query the disposition of new data when the output buffer has reached the level specified by output depth In Fixed mode the new data is simply discarded In Circular mode the oldest data point is discarded and replaced with the newest data point Command Form OUTput BUFfer lt FIXED CIRCular gt Examples Input Response out buf fixed none out buf OUTPUT BUFFER FIXED Set the EPM1000 to either continuously transmit data or store data in its internal buffer To continuously transmit data via RS 232 the DTR line must remain asserted If storing data the EPM1000 will tran
19. D For example if the current baud rate is 9600 then 95090 appears on the LCD Use the a and 5 keys to select the desired baud rate then press to complete the action RS 232 Enable Disable To enable the RS 232 communications port press m m Press or 5 until the LCD reads 232 cs then press to complete the action To disable the RS 232 port activate the IEEE 488 port by pressing m m B The RS 232 communications port will also be deactivated 1f both ports are deactivated Deactivate both ports by pressing 5 m OG 21 Operation 28 Communications Settings Continued RS 232 Parity The RS 232 communications port of the EPM1000 has three possible settings for the parity bit even odd or none To setthe parity press m and then Ga or 7 until the LCD reads 32 cs Then press The current parity setting will be indicated by the alphanumeric display Odd even and no parity appear as P PE and PN respectively Use the and keys to select the desired parity and press to complete the action RS 232 Stop Bits The RS 232 data stream from the EPM1000 can be set to contain one or two stop bits Set the number of stop bits by pressing m and then or 7 until the LCD reads 232 cs Then press m m The LCD indicates the current number of stop bits For example one stop bit is indicated as fsg Use the and keys to select the desired number of stop bits and press ENT to
20. Display N DEV Annunciator N MAX Annunciator Sa MIN Annunciator N AVG Annunciator N AUTO Annunciator Na Battery Indicator No Seale Indicators Sign Indicator N TRG Annunciator Figure 8 EPM1000 LCD Digital Display Battery Indicator No function in this unit e Scale Indicators Indicate which scale of the analog meter 0 10 or 0 3 is being used e Sign Indicator Indicates a negative reading during thermopile measurements e TRG Annunciator Indicates the EPM1000 is receiving a valid input pyroelectric silicon pulse EPM1000 User s Guide 15 Features amp Description 16 Front Panel Function Keys Continued Nine different keys control the primary functions of the EPM1000 H Sets the instrument to report incoming energy in Joules during pyroelectric silicon measurements Sets the instrument to report probe output in Volts pulse height for pyroelectric silicon measurements DC voltage during thermopile measurement Sets the instrument to display power in Watts during pyroelectric silicon or thermopile measurements Sets the instrument to display the repetition rate for a laser during pyroelectric silicon measurements or to modify the wavelength compensation during thermo pile measurement Sets the instrument into Autoranging Autorange will not function with pyroelectric silicon measurements that are internally triggered Zero all the
21. M1000 has located the proper range The next pulse will use this new range Press again to deactivate Auto Mode Note that for best results manually set the EPM1000 to its highest range before activating Auto Mode Use Average Mode to reduce pulse to pulse or reading to reading for thermopile probes variation on the EPM1000 display While in Average Mode the EPM1000 reports the arithmetic mean of some number of consecutive samples This number the Average Batch Size can be any integer from 2 to 99 Although only the resulting mean is displayed on the LCD the EPM1000 can be programmed to save each peak or reading in its internal buffer for later transfer to a host computer After reporting the mean value the EPM1000 resets its counter and begins sampling the next batch No counts are lost in the process The previous value remains onscreen until the next value is calculated 21 Operation Settings 22 Average Mode Continued Statistics Mode System Settings Average Mode will function while measuring Joules Volts or Watts but changing measurement units will reset the EPM1000 to Normal Mode AVG A Press to enter Average Mode The LCD will display a countdown as the EPM1000 counts its first batch but thereafter will only display calculated means The AVG annunciator will blink while the EPM1000 is in Average Mode Press again to exit Average Mode Use Statistics Mode to measure statistical qualities of a predetermin
22. Operation Settings Communications Settings RS 232 Enable Disable Verify the host computer has selected the correct COM port address Verify the cable is connected and in good condition If the cable has become disconnected the COM port may have to be reinitialized Verify the COM port works with other devices Add a CR Carriage Return ASCII 13 to the end of a command string The EPM1000 may be in the middle of collecting the first of a series of statistical batches Until the first batch is completed a units query returns the above response Either query units before entering statistics mode or wait until the first batch has been taken 43 Maintenance Service and Calibration Troubleshooting Continued Some commands in a string of commands are not always implemented The EPM1000 won t save anything in its output buffer or dump its output buffer The buffer contains extra incorrect pulse data When collecting a statistical batch the mean value is much lower than expected When set to a low range the EPM1000 doesn t trigger on large pulses The EPM1000 indicates a value but there are no pulses arriving The EPM1000 triggers for pulses which dont exist and the false value are very low 44 Be sure to allow sufficient time for the EPM1000 to complete a command before sending the next one 300 ms is ideal although some commands will execute in less time If the EPM1000 is set for continuous output
23. Statistics Restart Mode Automatic Thermopile Compensation Wavelength 514nm Thermopile Measurement Mode Watts Trigger Level 5 Trigger Source Internal Power 90 264VAC 47 63Hz 25 VA Atmospherics Temperature Operating 0 C to 50 C 32 F to 122 F Storage 40 C to 75 C 40 F to 167 F Note Maximum operating temperature is decreased 1 C per 305 m 1000 ft above 1525 m 5000 ft Atmospherics Relative 0 to 95 at or below 30 C 86 F Humidity Oto 75 from 31 C to 50 C 87 F to 122 F 4570 m 15 000 ft to 12190 m 40 000 ft Atmospherics Altitude Operating Non operating Dynamics Random Vibration Operating 0 31 g rms from 5 to 500 Hz 10 minutes each axis Non operating 2 46 g rms from 5 to 500 Hz 10 minutes each axis EPM1000 User s Guide 49 Specifications Warranted Characteristics continued 50 Emissions Susceptibility Meets or exceeds the reguirements of the following standards e EN 50081 1 European Community Requirements e EN 55011 Radiated Emissions Class A e EN 50081 1 Conducted Emissions Requirements Note To maintain emission requirements when connecting to the serial interface use only high quality double shielded braid and foil cables The cable shield must have a low impedance to the connector housings at both ends Meets or exceeds the requirements of the following standards e EN 50082 1 European Community Requirements e IEC 802 2 Electrostatic D
24. Statistics Send 35 Statistics Start 36 Status Byte 29 Figure 30 Stop Bits see RS 232 Port Stop Bits syst opt aud see Audible Beeper syst opt back see Backlight syst opt line see Line Frequency syst opt speed see Speedup System Keys see Keys System Temperature Operating see Warranted Characteristics Atmospherics Thermopile Output Noisy 39 Probes 1 4 Responsivity see Responsivity Thermopile Temperature 18 Tutorial see Tutorial Thermopile Zeroing 15 Time Delay Command 25 TRG Annunciator see Annunciator TRG Trigger Holdoff 5 22 Changing 22 Set Too Low 40 In Connector 4 8 9 Key see Keys Trigger Level 22 36 Changing 12 22 Raising 40 Source 22 36 Changing 12 22 None 40 Reliable 4 5 Valid 4 5 Terminator see 50 Q Feedthrough Terminator EPM1000 User s Guide Troubleshooting 39 Tutorial Pyroelectric 16 Thermopile 15 Units and Ranges Energy 3 Frequency 3 Power 3 Volts 3 Units 36 Unpacking the Instrument 1 Unrecognized SCPI command 25 Unstable Laser Output 7 User Serviceable Parts 41 Valid Trigger see Trigger Valid Valid Invalid Pulses Figure 4 Variations Pulse to Pulse Reducing 17 Ventilation 2 Vibration see Warranted Characteristics Dynamics Virtual Instrument 38 Volts Key see Keys Volts Volts Setting the EPM1000 for 12 Warning Condition Definition 2 Warranted Characteristics Atmospherics 45 Dynamics 45 Emissions 46 Power 45 Susceptibility
25. TCH_SIZE 42 Set or query the status of the EPM1000 s backlight Command Form SYSTem OPTion BACklight lt ON OFF gt Examples Input Response syst opt bac off none syst opt bac SYSTEM OPTION BACKLIGHT OFF Set the EPM1000 to store certain instrument attributes in or retrieve those attributes from a numbered memory location The stored attributes are Average Batch Size Display Speedup Line Frequency Pyroelectric Rv Range Statistics Batch Size Statistics Restart Mode Trigger Holdoff Trigger Level Trigger Source and Units Memory locations 1 2 3 or 4 are available Command Form CHannel MEMory lt STORE RECALL gt lt 1 2 3 4 gt Example Input Response ch mem store 1 none ch mem recall 1 none EPM1000 User s Guide Communications Error Display Current Reading Identification IEEE 488 Address EPM1000 User s Guide Programming Set the EPM1000 to echo back invalid commands Command Form COMMunication ERROR lt ON OFF gt Examples Input Response comm error on none syst opt bak off Unrecognized SCPI command syst opt bak off Query the EPM1000 for the data currently displayed on the LCD Command Form CHannel QUERY Examples Input Response ch query CHAN QUERY 227 4 mV Query the EPM1000 for identifying information such as firmware revision date model number etc Command Form IDN Examples Input Response idn Molectron Detector Inc EPM1000 Ver G
26. Table of Contents EPM1000 User s Guide Features amp Description Features amp Description Welcome Overview Unpacking and Inspecting the Instrument EPM1000 User s Guide Thank you for purchasing an EPM1000 The EPM1000 is a laboratory AC powered meter that can measure both pulsed and CW lasers energy power voltage and pulsed only frequency The EPM1000 is compatible with all of Molectron Detector Inc s pyroelectric silicon and PowerMax thermo pile probes The EPM1000 is fast accurate and easy to use It features e a large custom four digit LCD e a 342 mirrored analog meter e four operating modes e many functions e peak reading with automatic baseline drift compensation e results displayed in selected units e an analog output e an adjustable internal trigger e an external trigger input e an RS 232 communication port e an IEEE 488 communication port All instrument features are available via the communication ports The equipment described in this manual was delivered to the carrier in good condition and properly packaged Immediately open all boxes comprising this shipment and inspect the instruments for lost or damaged parts including case damage proper button function etc In the unlikely event of damage 1 Save all shipping boxes and cartons for inspection by the carrier until the claim is settled 2 Notify the carrier or transfer agent immediately for a prompt inspectio
27. The number of samples in the EPM1000 s Average Batch Size can be any value from 2 to 99 To change the quantity press m The LCD will indicate the current value For example a value of 57 samples looks like 5 Tp Change the value directly with the numeric Entry Keys Increment or decrement the value by one by pressing a or 5 respectively Display Backlight The EPM1000 LCD and Analog Meter can be illuminated for viewing in a dim environment To turn the Backlight on press m m m m m The Backlight should immediately turn on To turn the Backlight off press gy m m m m ia The Backlight should immediately turn off Display Speedup for Thermopile only For a detailed description of the Display Speedup feature see Understanding the EPM1000 Speedup Feature To enable Display Speedup press m m gt Press a or H until the LCD readsan su Finish the action by pressing To disable Display Speedup press 0 a m m E To set Display Speedup to Selective press m STAF i i Factory Defaults For a complete list of the EPM1000 s factory defaults please see the Specifications section Reprogram the EPM1000 with its factory default values by pressing n a m gt m gt m gt m gt a The instrument will immediately reset with the new settings EPM1000 User s Guide 23 Operation 24 System Settings Continued Lin
28. anges e Frequency 0 1 Hz to 500 Hz e Volts 2 mV to 30 V for pyroelectric silicon probes e Volts 200 uV to 1 V for thermopile probes For more details see Specifications Features amp Description Compatible Probes Understanding the EPM1000 Internal Trigger The EPM1000 functions with any of Molectron s pyroelectric Joulemeter probes with names of the form Jx for example J25 J3 J4 All PowerMax thermopile probes will function with the EPM1000 Connect thermopile probes that terminate with a BNC connector to the EPM1000 with the PM BNC adapter available separately For greatest accuracy and repeatability the EPM1000 must trigger reliably for each laser pulse The EPM1000 should be triggered externally via the Trigger In connec tor for best results This is particularly true in a noisy environment The EPM1000 can be set to synchronize with either the positive or negative transition of this external signal Without a reliable external trigger set the EPM1000 to extract an artifi cial trigger from the incoming signal This is called Internal Triggering To successfully extract an internally generated trigger set the EPM1000 to a range such that the incoming signal is at least 5 of the full scale Set the trigger level for at least 2 above the noise level and at least 2 below the peak height For example with a peak height of 300 mJ set the EPM1000 to a range of 3 J A peak will occur at 10 of full scal
29. ansmitted by the EPM1000 Although they can be specified in any order they will be transmitted only in the following order AVG DEV MIN MAX Include headers to add an identifying string such as AVG to the front of each piece of data Command Form CHan STATistics SEND lt AVG DEV MIN MAX HEADers gt Examples Input Response ch stat send avg min max head none ch stat send CHAN A STAT SEND AVG MIN MAX HEADERS EPM1000 User s Guide 39 Programming 40 Statistics Start Trigger Level Trigger Source Units Terminates the current statistical batch and starts a new one Command Form CHan STATistics START Examples Input Response ch stat start lt batch restarts gt Set or query the trigger level of the EPM1000 Values accepted are 2 through 20 Command Form CHan TRIGgering LEVel lt 2 20 gt Examples Input Response ch trig lev 18 none ch trig lev CHAN A TRIG LEVEL 18 Set or query the EPM1000 trigger source Command Form CHan TRIGgering SouRCe lt INTernal EXTernalPOSitive EXTernalNEGative gt Examples Input Response ch trig src extneg none ch trig src CHAN A TRIG SOURCE EXTNEG Set or query the EPM1000 measurement units Command Form CHan UNITS lt VOLts JOUles WATts HZ gt Examples Input Response ch units jou none ch units CHAN A UNITS JOULES EPM1000 User s Guide EPM1000 User s Guide Zero Programming In thermopile mode
30. atus Bytes only appear in the data stream when one or more of those data properties changes or at the beginning of the data transmission Status Bytes will always be followed by other Status Bytes or by a Data High Byte Bit 7 of a Status Byte will always be 0 33 Programming 34 Output Format Continued gi 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 60 Mnemonic 0 Chan type pan as f a ar 90 Figure 9 Status Byte Map Status Bytes decode as follows Bit7 Bit 6 Bit5 Bits 4 0 Bits 4 2 Bits 1 0 Always 0 Channel 0 Channel A 1 Channel B not used on EPM1000 Information Type 0 Range Information 1 Unit Information If Range Information Range 00000 10 00001 10 00010 10 01110 10 01111 10 10000 not used 10001 105 10010 10 11110 10 11111 10 If Unit Information Type of Data 000 Pulse Measurement 001 Statistical Batch Mean Average Measurement 010 Statistical Batch Standard Deviation Measurement 011 Statistical Batch Maximum Measurement 100 Statistical Batch Minimum Measurement 101 Command in Process 110 Command Completed 111 End of Data If Unit Information Units 00 Joules 01 Volts 10 Watts 11 Hertz EPM1000 User s Guide Output Format Continued EPM1000 User s Guide Programming Data Bytes contain the 12 bit value of the reading They are always in the order Data High Byte Data Low Byte In the Data High By
31. e well above the 5 level The trigger level should not be set higher than 8 If the noise level is 5 of full scale approximately 150 mJ then the trigger level should be set no lower than 7 In Figure 1 the EPM1000 s internal trigger threshold has been set to 8 dashed line Pulse A will definitely not generate a reliable trigger Pulse B may generate a trigger but not reliably Pulses C and D will definitely generate reliable triggers fo 7 Definitely will trigger May trigger but not reliable 15 y Definitely will not trigger 10 Trigger Level 5 7 Figure 1 Pulses which will or will not trigger as valid EPM1000 User s Guide Understanding the EPM1000 Internal Trigger continued EPM1000 User s Guide Features amp Description The ranges differ by powers of ten A full scale signal on one range may not trigger on the next higher range unless the trigger level is set to less than 10 For example a near full scale signal of 280 mJ on the 300 mJ range is less than 10 of full scale on the next higher range 2 J and would not trigger the reading so adjust the trigger level to less than 8 for reliable triggering The trigger is synchronous with the leading edge of the pulse but the actual peak is determined algorithmically by sampling the input signal near the trigger From the trigger point forward the algorithm searches for peaks and from the
32. e Freguency The EPM1000 uses a 12 bit analog to digital converter for thermopile data This converter must be programmed to reject the local AC line freguency for greatest accuracy Two rejection freguencies are programmed into the EPM1000 50Hz and 60Hz To reject 50Hz frequencies press mu mm gt m OFI E To reject 60Hz frequencies press uum gt gt la m Responsivity Pyroelectric The Pyroelectric Responsivity Value is the conversion factor converting probe voltage to energy in Joules The simple equation describing this is Energy in Joules Probe Voltage Responsivity The probe responsivity is typically printed on the probe label Note that if the probe responsivity is expressed in some fractional unit for example Volts millijoule then the stated responsivity must be multiplied accordingly To change the pyroelectric responsivity press m 6 The current pyroelectric responsivity will be displayed For example if the current responsivity is 2200 V J then the EPM1000 LCD will read 220413 Use the 8 and keys to change the exponent and exponent sign Use the Numeric Entry Keys to change the decimal value When complete press to complete the action The EPM1000 will not permitan invalid responsivity Compensate for optical attenuation by adjusting the responsivity accordingly For example if a detector s responsivity is 1 53 and the beam passes through a 50 optical attenuator before striking the probe set
33. ean Reguirements see Warranted Characteristics Emissions External Trigger Buffer Circuit Figure 6 Circuit 6 Interface Circuit Figure 6 Factory Defaults see Defaults Factory False Trigger Figure 5 FAQ see Troubleshooting Final Power Value Estimating 7 Firmware Revisions 44 Date see Identification Format Data Binary 29 ASCIL 29 31 ASCII 29 32 Front Panel Figure 10 Function Keys see Keys Function Fuse Blowing 41 Checking 39 Holder 8 9 41 Figure Removal 41 Figure Replacement 41 Figure Type 2 9 GPIB see IEEE 488 Handshaking Hardware 9 Hardware Handshaking see Handshaking Hardware Hazardous Conditions 2 Head Code 32 Headers Data 32 HPIB see IEEE 488 Humidity Operating see Warranted Characteristics Atmospherics IBM AT Compatible PC 9 Identification 27 IEC 801 3 see Warranted Characteristics Susceptibility IEC 801 4 see Warranted Characteristics Susceptibility TEC 802 2 see Warranted Characteristics Susceptibility TEEE 488 Address 23 27 Changing 23 Cable 9 Connector 8 9 Disabling 23 Enabling 23 Interface 3 25 Transfer Rates 3 EPM1000 User s Guide Ignoring Probes 39 Indicator Battery 11 Indicators Scale 11 Input Impedance see Specifications Input Impedance Input Signal Rising or Falling Edge 9 Inspecting the Instrument 1 Interface 3 Internal Trigger 4 J9 0660 Pyroelectric Probe 16 Joules Key see Keys Joules Joules Setti
34. ed number of samples This number the Statistics Batch Size can be 0 or any number from 2 to 9999 The EPM1000 can be programmed to stop after taking a single batch Manual Restart Mode or continue sampling a new statistical batch Automatic Restart Mode Statistics Mode will function while measuring Joules Volts or Watts but changing units during a batch will reset the unit to Normal Mode A Statistics Batch Size of 0 sets the EPM1000 to continuously collect data comparing values on the fly and updating the Minimum and Maximum values During this continuous collecting the EPM1000 does not collect or display the Arithmetical Mean or the Standard Deviation STAT Bn see Press o enter Statistics Mode Use the amor m keys to sequence through the four statistical values LCD annunciators indicate which value is displayed AVG for the Mathematical Mean or Average of the batch MIN for the Minimum value MAX for the Maximum value and DEV for the Standard Deviation Press again to exit Statistics Mode Set the EPM1000 to Normal Mode before changing any settings Audible Beeper The EPM1000 generates an audible tone during certain error conditions such as an input overrange or when the thermopile temperature exceeds 100 C To turn the Beeper option on press a a ia To turn the Beeper off press m a 3 m EPM1000 User s Guide Operation System Settings Average Batch Size Continued
35. ee Keys COMM comm error see Communications Error comm gpib addr see IEEE 488 Address comm rs232 baud see RS 232 Baud Rate comm rs232 par see RS 232 Parity comm rs232 stop see RS 232 Stop Bits Command Delay Time 40 Commands NotImplemented 40 Commands Buffering 25 Comments 25 Processing 25 Remote 25 idn see Identification rst see Reset tst see Self Test ch aver bat see Average Batch Size ch mem recall see Channel Recall ch mem store see Channel Store ch oper stat see Operating Mode ch guery see Display Current Reading ch range max see Range Maximum Minimum ch range min see Range Maximum Minimum ch range see Range Current ch resp pyro see Responsivity ch stat bat see Statistics Batch Size 51 Index ch stat mode see Statistics Restart Mode ch stat send see Statistics Send ch stat start see Statistics Batch Restart Mode ch stat start see Statistics Start ch trig lev see Trigger Level ch trig src see Trigger Source ch type see Probe Type ch units see Units ch zero see Zero comm error see Communications Error comm gpib addr see IEEE 488 Address comm rs232 baud see RS 232 Baud Rate comm rs232 par see RS 232 Parity comm rs232 stop see RS 232 Stop Bits loc 25 out buf see Output Buffer out cont off 40 out cont see Output Continuous out dep see Output Depth out dump see Output Dump out form see Output Format syst opt aud see Audible Beeper syst opt back see Backlight syst opt line
36. eeded and relying on the EPM1000 s raw accuracy otherwise EPM1000 User s Guide 11 Features amp Description Description 12 Rear Panel KEEELEREREEEEELEKETU IEEE 488 RS 232 TRIGGER ANALOG PULSE l OUT IN SMART PROBE Smart Probe Connector Pulse in Connector Analog Out Connector Trigger In Connector N S 232 Interface pae KE In Connector No Fuseholder Power Switch IEEE 488 Connector Figure 6 EPM1000 Rear Panel Smart Probe This connection is for all of Molectron s PowerMax probes as well as specially powered Joulemeter probes Pulse In Connector This connects a pyroelectric laser energy probe and is internally termi nated with IMQ impedance Probes with 50 Q impedance such as J3 J3S and J4 probes must use a 50 Q feed through terminator available through Molectron Detector Inc or equivalent to Pomona P N 4119 Analog Out Connector This connection provides 0 to 1 81 VDC output into loads 600 Q The output impedance is 100 Q The update rate is 3 Hz The signal repre sents the input pulse amplitude scaled to the full scale of the display For example if the EPM1000 is set on the 300 mJ range then the Analog Out value will be 1 81 V when the input pulse is 300 mJ If the input pulse were 150 mJ then the Analog Out value would be approximately 905 mV Note that although in some instances the EPM1000 s dis
37. ersonnel Never connect or disconnect a powered probe while the EPM1000 is on Damage could result to the probe the EPM1000 or both EPM1000 User s Guide Features amp Description Manual Information Features Interface Units and Ranges EPM1000 User s Guide This manual can be read sequentially but should be stored near the EPM1000 and used as a reference There are five basic components of this manual Features amp Description An introduction to the EPM1000 and its features and controls Operation A tutorial and complete description of the EPM1000 s functions Programming A list of commands and examples of communicating with the EPM1000 via remote Maintenance Service and Calibration A list of frequently asked questions and information regarding calibration and service Specifications The standards and limits of the EPM1000 This manual was composed using Microsoft Word and Adobe PageMaker The EPM1000 features a standard RS 232 9 pin connector on the back panel This can connect to any similar RS 232 port of a host PC TEEE 488 or GPIB interface is standard on every EPM1000 Use this port for the following advantages e Transfer rates up to one Mbyte sec e Can be added to an already existing instrument chain e Can be used with other EPM1000 s on the same host computer The EPM1000 can measure e Energy 1 pJ to 10 J in 28 ranges depending on the probe type e Power 1 mW to 10 kW in 15 r
38. ettings Trigger Holdoff The Trigger Holdoff determines how long the EPM1000 waits after receiving a valid trigger before resetting the triggering circuit This avoids false triggers from a noisy pulse tail See Understanding the EPM1000 Trigger The Trigger Holdoff can be set for 0 to 49 ms Set the Trigger Holdoff by pressing m 0 iw Press or 5 to increment or decrement through the possible delay values or use the Numeric Entry Keys to enter a value directly The EPM1000 will not permit an invalid value Press to complete the action Trigger Level The EPM1000 internal trigger level can be set for as low as 2 of full scale and as high as 20 of full scale Noisy environments reguire higher trigger levels To set the EPM1000 s trigger level press Press or to increment and decrement through the possible level values or use the Numeric Entry Keys to enter a value directly Press to complete the action Trigger Source The EPM1000 can be set to trigger on some selected percentage of the current range internal trigger or on an external signal applied to the TRIG IN connector At any time while setting the trigger source pressing a cancels the action and restores the previous value To set the EPM1000 s trigger source press m For an internal trigger press until the EPM1000 LCD reads 17 For an external positive edge trigger press a until the EPM1000 LCD reads XT For an external ne
39. gative edge trigger press until the EPM1000 LCD reads 7 XT Press to complete the action EPM1000 User s Guide Communications Settings EPM1000 User s Guide Operation IEEE 488 Address Set the EPM1000 IEEE 488 address to any value from 1 to 31 Although the EPM1000 can use address 0 this is not recommended as the IEEE 488 bus expects the instrument at address 0 to be a Controller Press n n m to set the IEEE 488 address The EPM1000 LCD will display the current address For example an address of 12 appears as lra Use the or keys to increment or decrement the current address or the Numeric Entry Keys to select an address more guickly Press to complete the action IEEE 488 Enable Disable To enable the EPM1000 s TEEE 488 port press am m a To disable the port press a Press 7 until the LCD reads either 232 csorUFF cs The former activates the RS 232 interface which automatically disables the IEEE 488 interface and the latter deactivates both communications interfaces Press to complete the action RS 232 Baud Rate The RS 232 interface requires a baud rate selected for the EPM1000 that matches the baud rate of the host machine The EPM1000 supports six different baud rates 1200 2400 4800 9600 19200 and 38400 To change the RS 232 baud rate press m Press or 5 until the display reads 232 ts Press The current baud rate should appear on the LC
40. ial Authorization 41 RMA see Return Material Authorization RS 232 Port 23 Baud Rate 23 33 Changing 23 Connector 3 9 Disable 23 Enable 23 Interface 8 9 25 Parity 24 34 Changing 24 Stop Bits 24 34 Changing 24 Safety Information 2 Scale Indicators see Indicators Scale Scale Analog Meter see Analog Meter Scale Selective Speedup Mode 7 SelfTest 34 Serial Connector see RS 232 Port Connector Serial Interface see RS 232 Port Interface Serial Number 41 Service 2 41 SET Key see Keys SET Shipping an EPM1000 41 Shipping Carton 41 Sign Indicator 11 Slow Responding Probe 15 Smart Probe Connector 8 15 16 Specifications A D Digital Resolution 43 Analog Output Full Scale 43 Minimum Load 43 Output Impedance 8 43 Baud Rate 44 Dimensions 44 Display 43 Electrical Mechanical 43 Electronic Accuracy 44 Extemal Trigger Input 43 Input Impedance 43 Linearity 43 Maximum Pyroelectric Pulse Width 44 Noise Equivalent Voltage 43 Power Requirements 44 54 Ranges Energy 43 Frequency 43 Power 43 Volts 43 RepRate Maximum 43 Resolution Energy 43 Frequency 43 Power 43 Volts 43 System Accuracy 44 Weight 44 Speedup Feature Figure 7 Speedup Display 19 34 Stable Laser Output 7 Statistics Batch Restart Mode 21 Automatic 21 Manual 21 Statistics Batch Size 21 35 Changing 21 Statistics Key see Keys Statistics Statistics Mode see Mode Statistics Statistics Restart 35
41. imum Minimum Reset Responsivity RS 232 Baud Rate EPM1000 User s Guide Programming Query the EPM1000 s maximum or minimum possible range with the current units responsivity head etc Command Form CHan RANGE lt MAX MIN gt Example Input Response ch range max CHAN A RANGE MAX 10V ch range min CHAN A RANGE MIN 1mV Immediately reset the EPM1000 Command Form RST Example Input Response rst lt unit resets gt Set or query the pyroelectric or thermopile responsivity of the EPM1000 Express the value in decimal or scientific notation Command Form CHan RESPonsivity lt THERmopile PYROelectric gt lt value gt Examples Input Response ch resp pyro 2200 none ch resp pyro CHAN A RESP PYRO 2 200E 03 ch resp pyro 1 331e5 none ch resp pyro CHAN A RESP PYRO 1 331E 05 Set or query the RS 232 baud rate of the EPM1000 Command Form COMMunication RS232 BAUD lt 1200 2400 4800 9600 19200 38400 gt Examples Input Response comm rs232 baud 2400 none comm rs232 baud COMM RS232 BAUD 2400 37 Programming 38 RS 232 Parity RS 232 Stop Bits Self Test Speedup Set or guery the RS 232 parity bit setting of the EPM1000 Command Form COMMunication RS232 PARity lt ODD EVEN NONE gt Examples Input Response comm rs232 par even none comm rs232 par COMM RS232 PARITY EVEN Set or guery the number of stop bits the EPM1000 injects into the
42. ischarge Performance Criteria B e IEC 801 3 Radiated Susceptibility 3 V meter from 27 MHz to 500 MHz unmodulated Performance Criteria Maximum meter deviation 3 of reading Maximum LCD reading deviation 3 of reading e IEC 801 4 Electrical Fast Transient Burst EPM1000 User s Guide Index idn see Identification rst see Reset tst see Self Test 50 Q Feedthrough Terminator 8 50 Q Impedance Probes 8 AD Converters 20 40 Debugging Calibration 31 Digital Resolution see Specifications A D Digital Resolution AC In Connector 8 9 AC Power Supply Required to Function 9 Accuracy Electronic see Specifications Electronic Accuracy System see Specifications System Accuracy Adjustment Analog Meter Zero 13 Adobe PageMaker 3 Alphanumeric Display 10 11 Altitude Operating see Warranted Characteristics Atmospherics Analog Board 44 Analog Firmware Revision 44 Analog Meter 10 13 Scale 11 13 Analog Out Connector 8 Analog Output see Specifications Analog Output Annundiators AUTO 10 11 17 AVG 10 11 18 AVG 18 DEY 10 11 18 MAX 10 11 18 MIN 10 11 18 REM 10 11 TRG 11 REM 25 Arrow Keys see Keys Arrow ASCII Format see Format Data ASCII ASCII Format see Format Data ASCII Audible Beeper 18 26 AUTO Annunciator see Annunciator AUTO Auto Key see Keys Auto Auto Mode see Modes Auto Automatic Baseline Drift Compensation 1 Automatic Restart Mode see Statistics Batch Restart Mode
43. ising falling edge trigger via user control 47 Specifications Electrical Mechanical continued Electronic Accuracy Analog output 1 e Digital display 1 System Accuracy Pyroelectric probe 5 e Thermopile probe 3 with wavelength correction Maximum Pyroelectric 10 ms Pulse Width Internal Trigger Adjustable 2 to 20 RS 232 Baud Rates 38400 19200 9600 4800 2400 and 1200 Power Requirements 90 to 264 VAC at frequencies between 50 Hz and 60 Hz Dimensions 30 48 cm x 27 31 cm x 11 43 cm 12 x 10 75 x 4 5 Weight 1 41 kg 3 1 lbs Firmware Revisions Every EPM1000 contains two programmed chips one for the analog board and one for the digital board Knowing the firmware revisions of these chips is useful when calling Molectron Detector Inc Press m m m gt m m gt m gt to determine the digital firmware revision Print that number here digital firmware revision Press to see the analog firmware revision Print that number here analog firmware revision 48 EPM1000 User s Guide Specifications Factory Defaults LEA On Autorange Off Average Batch Size 50 Backlight On Communication Channel Off Display Speedup Off IEEE 488 Address 00 Operating Mode Normal Pyroelectric Responsivity 2 00 V J Pyroelectric Silicon Measurement Mode Joules Range 2 Joules Warranted Characteristics RS 232 Settings Statistics Batch Size 9600 N 1 8 bit data 50
44. isplay Current Reading 31 Identification 31 IEEE 488 Address 31 Line Frequency 32 EPM 1000 User s Guide Table of Contents Operating Mode 32 Output Buffer 32 Output Continuous 32 Output Depth 33 Output Dump 33 Output Format 33 Probe Type 36 Range Current 36 Range Maximum Minimum 37 Reset 37 Responsivity 37 RS 232 Baud Rate 37 RS 232 Parity 38 RS 232 Stop Bits 38 Self Test 38 Speedup 38 Statistics Batch Size 39 Statistics Restart Mode 39 Statistics Send 39 Statistics Start 40 Trigger Level 40 Trigger Source 40 Units 40 Zero 41 Programming Example 42 Maintenance Service amp Calibration Troubleshooting 43 Fuse Replacement 45 Instrument Calibration and Service 45 Specifications Electrical Mechanical 47 Display 47 Ranges 47 Resolution 47 Maximum Rep Rate 47 Linearity 47 A D Digital Resolution 47 Input Impendance 47 Noise Equivalent Voltage NEV 47 Analog Output 47 External Trigger Input 47 EPM1000 User s Guide Table of Contents Electronic Accuracy 48 System Accuracy 48 Maximum Pyroelectric Pulse Width 48 Internal Trigger 48 RS 232 Baud Rates 48 Power Requirements 48 Dimensions 48 Weight 48 Firmware Revisions 48 Factory Defaults 49 Warranted Characteristics 49 Power 49 Atmospherics Temperature 49 Atmospherics Relative Humidity 49 Atmospherics Altitude 49 Dynamics Random Vibration 49 Emissions 50 Susceptibility 50 Index 51 EPM1000 User s Guide
45. isplay the Statistics Batch Size and the Restart Mode For example if the EPM1000 was set to a 1000 pulse Batch Size and Automatic Restart then the LCD would read 80 Gre Use the a and 5 keys to toggle the restart mode from Automatic to Manual ZERO Press to accept the selection or to cancel it Statistics Batch Size Program the EPM1000 to collect a sample size from 2 to 9999 samples Press n to change the Batch Size The LCD will display the statistics batch size and the restart mode For example a batch size of 6126 with manual restart appears as 6 Ig Err Use the Numeric Entry Keys to change the value of the batch size Press to accept the new value or to cancel the action Wavelength Compensation for Thermopile only Sometimes a probe calibrated for one laser wavelength must be used to measure laser energy of another wavelength Because of differing absorptive characteristics the results are often incorrect The EPM1000 can be programmed to compensate for such a change in wavelength To activate Wavelength Compensation press a a J i i Hz To change the compensation value press m Use the numeric entry keys to change the decimal value and the and m keys to select um or nm Press T at any time while entering data to restore the initial value Press to complete the action To deactivate Wavelength Compensation press m a E m f 25 Operation 26 Trigger S
46. n of the claimed loss or damage 3 File the claim with the carrier 4 If necessary order replacement parts from Molectron Detec tor Inc and collect the invoice amount from the carrier Features amp Description Safety Information Review this safety information carefully to avoid injury and prevent damage to this instrument or any instrument connected to it There are no user serviceable parts in the EPM1000 For Service please see Maintenance Service and Calibration This manual uses two terms to describe hazardous conditions Caution and Warning Warning indicates serious injury or death may occur Caution indicates possible damage to equipment AIA Cautions Ai Warnings Use only the power cord specified for the EPM1000 The grounding conductor of the cord must be con nected to earth ground Do not operate the EPM1000 if its panels are removed or any of the interior circuitry is exposed Do not operate the EPM1000 in wet or damp condi tions or in an explosive atmosphere Do not operate the EPM1000 from a power source which applies more than the voltage specified Do not apply a voltage outside the specified range to any of the terminals Use only the fuse type and rating specified for the EPM1000 Provide proper ventilation to the EPM1000 particu larly near the ventilation slots in the back Do not operate the EPM1000 with suspected failures Refer damaged units to qualified Molectron service p
47. ng the EPM1000 for 12 Kes Arrow 10 12 Auto 12 Average 12 COMM 13 ENT 13 Function 10 12 Joules 12 Numeric Entry 10 13 SET 13 Statistics 12 System 10 13 Trigger 12 Volts 12 Watts 12 Zero 12 LabVIEW 38 Laser Outputs Stable Unstable 7 Line Frequency 20 28 Rejection 20 Linearity see Specifications loc 25 Local Control Returning the EPM1000 to 25 Manual Information 3 Manual Restart Mode see Statistics Batch Restart Mode Manual MAX Annunciator see Annunciator MAX Maximum Rep Rate see Specifications Rep Rate Maximum Mean Value Lower Than Expected 40 Measurement Units Changing Affecting Average Mode 18 Microsoft Word 3 MIN Annunciator see Annunciator MIN Model Number see Identification Modes Auto 17 Average 17 Normal 17 Setting the EPM1000 for 15 16 17 Statistics 18 Setting the EPM1000 for 12 18 Negative Readings During Thermopile Measurements 11 NEV see Specifications Noise Equivalent Voltage NIST Traceable Performance 41 Noise Equivalent Voltage see Specifications Noise Equivalent Voltage Noisy Output 39 Normal Mode see Modes Normal Numeric Display 10 11 Numeric Entry Keys see Keys Numeric Entry EPM1000 User s Guide Index OL see Overrange Operating in a Noisy Environment 4 Operating Mode 28 Optical Attenuation 20 Optocoupler Diode 6 out buf see Output Buffer out cont see Output Continuous out dep see Output Depth out
48. ng the For most applications it s important to determine laser power guickly EPM1000 Speedup and accurately However some probes such as the PM5K which can Feature measure power as high as 7500 Watts have a long response time The EPM1000 solves this problem by using probe information and an internal algorithm called the Speedup feature to quickly estimate the final power value For long response time probes the Speedup feature significantly reduces the amount of time required for an estimated value 15 W Measured Power Speedup Reading 10 W Figure 5 The Speedup feature estimating a 15 W power reading While the Speedup feature is useful for a stable laser output it is not well suited for constantly changing or unstable laser outputs as it tends to amplify noise The most accurate way to measure power particularly for unstable laser outputs is to deactivate the Speedup feature The fastest and most accurate results can be achieved when the Speedup feature is in Selective mode In Selective mode the EPM1000 deter mines when the Speedup algorithm should be used Whenever the actual measurement and the estimated measurement differ by more than 5 the Speedup data will be displayed but when the actual measurement falls within 1 of the estimated measurement the EPM1000 displays the actual measurement For most probes using the Selective mode is very effective taking advantage of the Speedup feature when n
49. ot exceed the power energy density limits for the pyroelectric probe as defined in the probe s data sheet 1 Place the pyroelectric detector in the path of the laser beam in such a way that the beam will strike the center of the probe surface when power is restored 2 Connect the detector to the EPM1000 rear panel In most cases this connection will be the Pulse In connector but in such cases as the J9 0660 pyroelectric probe this will be the 25 pin Smart Probe connector 3 Turn the EPM1000 on If the EPM1000 isn t in normal mode place it into normal mode by pressing i 4 Program the EPM1000 with the correct responsivity by pressing and entering the value using the numeric entry keys The proper responsivity value should be printed on a label attached to the probe Note that the EPM1000 expresses respon sivity as Volts Joules so ifthe probe responsivity is in other units such as V mJ it must be converted before entry 5 Switch the laser on or unblock the beam Verify proper beam alignment on the probe surface 6 Adjust the range by pressing gi or until the TRG annunciator activates and an energy reading appears on the digital display Note that at lower frequencies the TRG annunciator will indicate each valid pulse by flashing on once but at higher frequencies it is activated continually as long as valid pulses arrive at the input A display reading of OL indicates the selected range is too low EPM1000 User s G
50. owered probe such as the PowerMax thermopile probe Connecting or disconnecting a probe while the EPM1000 is on will damage the probe 2 Connect the detector to the EPM1000 rear panel 25 pin Smart Probe connector using the probe s cable 3 Turn the EPM1000 on Ifthe EPM1000 isn t in normal mode place it into Normal Mode by pressing 4 Switch the laser on or unblock the beam Verify proper beam alignment on the probe surface 5 Adjust the range up or down by pressing or respectively until 30 to 300 counts appear on the digital display A display reading of OL indicates the selected range is too low 6 Block the beam and wait for the EPM1000 display to settle Press 80 to zero the display 7 Unblock the beam and wait for the EPM1000 to settle on the new more accurate reading If the probe responds too slowly to power changes activate Display Speedup and the EPM1000 will display an estimate of the final value within a few seconds EPM1000 User s Guide 19 Operation 20 Pyroelectric ANA ANA If an EPM1000 doesn t detect the presence of a PowerMax thermopile probe it monitors the pyroelectric silicon input for signal peaks The EPM1000 will not automatically read the probe s responsivity as it does with a thermopile probe so the responsivity must be programmed separately Warning Follow all laser safety procedures Laser must be blocked or switched off before beginning this procedure Caution Do n
51. play will exceed the selected range under no circumstances will the Analog Out value exceed 1 81 VDC EPM1000 User s Guide Features amp Description Rear Panel Trigger In Connector continued This input line accepts synchronized pulses from the laser It is electri cally isolated from the EPM1000 and consists of a 100Q resistor in series with an optoisolator It can be set from the front panel or via remote to trigger on the rising or falling edge of the input signal This input only triggers pyroelectric silicon measurements RS 232 Interface The EPM1000 acts as a DTE Data Terminal Equipment device through this 9 pin RS 232 connector It mates with a standard 9 pin straight through serial cable to a typical IBM AT compatible PC or other DCE Data Communications Equipment device Hardware handshaking is implemented DCD not used in EPM1000 IRXD OO Table 1 RS 232 pin assignments AC In Connector Connect only to the factory supplied polarized AC cord The EPM1000 will function at AC voltages from 90 to 264 VAC at freguencies between 50 Hz and 60 Hz Fuseholder Replace this fuse with only a 240 VAC 1 A fast blow fuse A convenient replacement fuse is stored in the holder See Maintenance Service and Calibration for replacement instructions Power Switch Press the symbol for ON and the symbol for OFF IEEE 488 Connector This connector mates with a standard IEEE 488 cable EPM1000 User s Guide
52. recognized SCPI command lt invalid command gt Although capitalization indicates a required substring of the command command case isn t relevant Commands can be separated by a space a colon or a tab Commands preceded by a semicolon an asterisk 1 or a pound sign are read as comments by the EPM1000 and ignored Command parameters separated by a vertical slash are exclusive choices For example CHannel UNITS lt VOLts JOUles WATts HZ gt means that ch units vol is a valid command or ch units jou but notch units vol jou Command parameters separated by a comma are non exclusive choices For example CHannel STATistics SEND lt AVG DEV MIN MAX gt means that ch stat send avgis valid asis ch stat send avg min max The EPM1000 will not buffer commands so commands received while the EPM1000 is processing a previous command will be ignored 300 ms is enough time for the EPM1000 to recover from most commands 29 Programming 30 Audible Beeper Average Batch Size Backlight Channel Store Recall Set or guery the status of the Audible Beeper option Command Form SYSTem OPTion AUDio lt ON OFF gt Examples Input Response syst opt aud off none syst opt aud SYSTEM OPTION AUDIO OFF Set or query the Average Mode Batch Size of the EPM1000 Command Form CHannel AVERage BATch_size lt 2 99 gt Examples Input Response ch aver bat 42 none ch aver bat CHAN A AVERAGE BA
53. rmopile ranges to allow the autorange function to operate properly when taking thermopile measurements 6 Sets the instrument to Average mode Up TRG Sets the trigger source and internal trigger level during IL pyroelectric silicon measurements stat Sets the instrument into Statistics mode Up zero During thermopile measurements press this key to a assign the current value as a relative zero Press this key in autorange mode to zero all ranges Press this key to clear errors while entering data or setting such values as responsivity Arrow Keys During a live reading use the up down arrow keys RANGE to change ranges While setting parameters use the up down arrow keys to choose system param m fm eters and the right left arrow keys to select options O for those parameters EPM1000 User s Guide Features amp Description Front Panel System K Continued git atta These three keys navigate through the EPM1000 s configuration menus This key permits modification of the EPM1000 s zovu communication parameters such as baud rate I O port etc by offering access to the communications parameters menu It is also the 0 key for the Nu meric Entry Keys This key permits modification of the EPM1000 s system parameters such as display speedup and backlight by offering access to the system parameters menu It also acts as the decimal point entry key for the Numeric Entry Keys SET ent Pressing
54. smit all of its data upon receiving an output dump command Command Form OUTput CONTinuous lt ON OFF gt Example Input Response out cont on none EPM1000 User s Guide Output Depth Output Dump Output Format EPM1000 User s Guide Programming Set or guery the depth of the EPM1000 buffer in bytes any value from 1 to 4095 Command Form OUTput DEPth lt 1 4095 gt Examples Input Response out dep 1000 none out dep OUTPUT DEPTH 1000 Query the EPM1000 buffer contents but only when out cont is off Upon receiving an out dump command the EPM1000 immediately flushes the contents of its buffer out the selected communications port out form dictates the nature of the data that is transmitted Pulse information received by the EPM1000 during the execution of an out dump is stored within the EPM1000 buffer Command Form OUTput DUMP Examples Input Response out dump lt listing of data gt Set or guery the format which the EPM1000 uses to transmit data Ordinary device gueries are always answered by the EPM1000 in ASCII this command determines the format of pulse data only The three forms are Binary ASCII and ASCII Binary The most compact form of data storage In this mode the EPM1000 transmits 8 bit values which decode to one of the following three types of data Status Byte Data High Byte or Data Low Byte Status Bytes determine such qualities as range units and type of data St
55. te bits 7 and 6 are always 1 and 0 respectively Bits 5 0 are bits 11 6 of the Data Value In the Data Low Byte bits 7 and 6 are always both 1 and bits 5 0 are bits 5 0 of the Data Value Append the two pieces of the Data Value convert to decimal add leading zeroes if necessary to complete the 4 digit decimal value and add the implied decimal point Use the most recent Status Byte values to complete the reading Bit 76 5 4 p 2 1 0 Meaning 1 0 anf avo aof as a7 as Figure 10 Data High Byte Map Bit 746 5 4 3 2 1 0 Meaning oja asa aT a0 Figure 11 Data Low Byte Map For example an EPM1000 dumps its buffer The following data is transmitted 38 21 00 A6 C3 A6 CA 3c Translated 38 0011 1000 Status Byte CH A Unit Information Command Completed 21 0010 0001 Status Byte CH A Unit Information Pulse Measurement Volts 00 0000 0000 Status Byte CH A Range Information 10 A6 1010 0110 Data High Byte 100110 c3 1100 0011 Data Low Byte 000011 Complete data value 100110 000011 2435 Interpreted reading is 2 435 x 10 Volts A6 1010 0110 Data High Byte 100110 CA 1100 1010 Data Low Byte 001010 Completed data value 100110 001010 2442 Interpreted reading is 2 442 x 10 Volts 3C 0011 1100 Status Byte CH A Unit Information End of Data ASCII A form oftransmission used in A D debugging and calibration rarely used in the field Data are transmitted in raw A D
56. to avoid a command being lost while the EPM1000 is processing a previous command E Sample vi Diagram File Edit Operate Project Windows Help Co a bal I 24 13pt Application Font Sib Aray of EPM1000 commands ch resp pyro 220 ch trig sre int GPIB Address ig lev 8 ut cont off 4095 out form ascii h oper stat ch stat mode auto ch stat send min max avg dev head ch resp pyro 220 ch trig src int out form asciit 99 ch stat mode auto ch stat send min max avg dev head _ Figure 12 LabVIEW diagram of simple application to program an EPM1000 EPM1000 User s Guide Maintenance Service and Calibration Maintenance Service 8 Calibration Troubleshooting The EPM1000 does not respond to anything the screen is dark The EPM1000 is on but no reading occurs at a laser pulse The EPM1000 ignores an attached PowerMax or other thermopile probe The EPM1000 ignores an attached pyroelectric silicon probe Thermopile output appears noisy once the curve levels off The EPM1000 refuses to acknowledge commands sent via the IEEE 488 interface The EPM1000 refuses to acknowledge commands sent via the RS 232 interface The ch units command returns the string CHAN A UNITS EPM1000 User s Guide Verify the power cord is plugged securely to the back of the EPM1000 and that the AC socket is powered Check the fuse and replace if necessary see Maintenance Service amp Calibration
57. uide Modes Normal Mode Auto Mode Average Mode EPM1000 User s Guide Operation Use Normal Mode to make most measurements The EPM1000 displays continuous live updates of incoming probe data in Joules Volts Watts or Hertz for pyroelectric silicon probes and data in Volts or Watts for thermopile probes If the frequency of incoming pulses exceeds the display refresh rate 3 Hz then some data will not appear on the LCD but it will be saved in the EPM1000 s buffer if the instrument has been programmed to store the data The EPM1000 is in Normal Mode only when BAX ave MIN MAX and DEV are all not visible Place the EPM1000 into Normal Mode by pressing a n m A i Use Auto Mode to automatically seek the most appropriate range for any given input Auto Mode is particularly useful when the input signal varies greatly during a sampling because the EPM1000 is constantly seeking the best display range at each pulse The EPM1000 can autorange while measuring Joules Volts or Watts and the measurement unit can be changed while in Auto Mode but the trigger source must always be external The EPM1000 will not autorange from an internal trigger While in Normal Mode measuring Joules Volts or Watts press to set the EPM1000 in Auto Mode The next pulse is used to determine the proper range and while the EPM1000 is seeking this range the annunciator blinks The annunciator stops blinking and locks on when the EP
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