MC600C - Zero Emission Vehicles Australia
Contents
1. Do not attempt to open the controller as this will void warranty CAN BUS COMMUNICATIONS The MC600C includes an industry standard CAN bus interface allowing the user to monitor and or log information in realtime from the controller such as voltages currents throttle levels controller temperature and a variety of possible error conditions It also supports throttle control over CAN bus and the reprogramming of controller settings The easy way to interface with the MC600C over CAN bus is to use our EVMS Monitor The Monitor will automatically detect the motor controller on the bus and display operating information on its 3 2 colour touchscreen An EVMS Core or Lite can share the same CAN bus and EVMS Monitor if present but is not required The Monitor will also automatically add a page to its Setup mode for modifying controller settings Please refer to the EVMS Monitor manual for more detailed information available at our website www zeva com au The following settings are available e Minimum battery voltage This setting can be useful to avoid overworking or over discharging your battery by setting it to whatever voltage represents a low state of charge flat battery Note that this cannot replace a proper battery management system for protecting your cells e Maximum motor voltage If using a motor rated to a lower voltage than your battery pack you can use this setting to ensure that the motor controller will not overspeed t2. 160mm spacing Spring washers under the heads of mounting bolts are recommended to prevent the bolts from loosening over time due to vibration Alternatively the mounting brackets may be removed and the four holes underneath the housing used to fasten to a panel from beneath The holes are M6 thread on a 70 x 160mm spacing Caution Since these threaded holes penetrate the housing ensure that bolts do not extend more than 20mm into the case or they may damage components inside POWER WIRING TIPS FOR BEST PERFORMANCE REMEMBER The traction circuits in electric vehicles involve very high power levels with potentially lethal voltages and currents involved Always observe proper precautions and safety procedures when working on electric vehicles Always wear safety glasses use insulated tools where possible and check for dangerous voltages with a multimeter before undertaking any maintenance If you are unsure always consult with an experienced EV technician before proceeding TYPICAL WIRING DIAGRAM The diagram below shows the basic power wiring Orange lines represent power cables which should be 50sqmm or 1 0 AWG in size or larger Control wiring to from controller not shown 300A Main Fuse Contactor n i 1m IEI Ti bai Mc 00C Motor Controller Basic power wiring diagram for MC600C controller Caution Always double check power wiring before turning the system on for the first time because reversed polarit
3. safety through the use of dual redundant hall effect sensors A variety of different HEPA pedals are available typically having 6 wires for two independent 3 wire hall effect type throttles The MC600C was designed to work with pedals providing dual analog outputs of around 0 7V 3 5V and 1 4V 4 2V Use the Gnd and 5V pins on Plug 2 to provide power to both sensors The 0 7 3 5V signal connects to Throttle A and the 1 4V 4 2V signal to Throttle B With a HEPA throttle the controller can detect a throttle fault if any four of the wires are disconnected or if either of the throttle sensors are faulty OPERATION TIPS FOR BEST PERFORMANCE Many drivers are accustomed to keeping revs low in their petrol vehicles in order to maximise efficiency since petrol engines are very inefficient at high revs Well electric drive systems are the other way around The single most effective way to maximise performance from your motor and controller is to keep your motor revs high around 3000 4000rpm with most Series DC motors For a given power output driving a motor at higher speed uses more voltage but less current which reduces copper losses in the motor and resistive heating in the controller Dropping down a gear reduces motor amps by about 30 which can actually halve the heat generated in your controller and hence double the continuous power capability Caution Most Series DC motors are rated to 5000rpm max so be careful not to exceed this
4. speed THERMAL PROTECTION If your controller heatsink temperature reaches about 70 C 150 F the controller will commence thermal cutback smoothly reducing power to mitigate further heating The status LED will flash green red while in this state If the controller temperature reaches about 90 C 200 F the controller will shut down completely to avoid overheating which could damage components The controller s power rating depends somewhat on airflow to cool the housing If you are experiencing thermal cutbacks it may be useful to add fans or ducts to increase airflow Driving more slowly and keeping motor revs high will also help keep the motor controller cooler If thermal problems persist it may be useful to add an external water cooling system or external heatsink which can be mated to the flat aluminium base of the controller with thermal paste in between 12V LOGIC SUPPLY The MC600C has an internal regulated power supply on its 12V input which allows it to operate safely and correctly over an input voltage range of 8 18VDC As a safety precaution the controller will shut down if it detects the control voltage input dip below 8V In most installations this will never happen but if your 12V battery and or DC DC converter is very weak the voltage may dip when loads such as headlights are turned on which can trip out the motor controller This should be rectified by by fitting a stronger battery and or DC DC converter M
5. 0A continuous e Power 90kW peak 30kW continuous e Power device type MOSFET e On state voltage drop 0 6V at full power 0 2V at continuous rating e Switching frequency 16KHz e Operating temperature 20 C to 90 C thermal cutback from 70 C e Logic power supply 12V nominal 8 18V range 200mA max internally fused e Dimensions 210x130x95mm housing only 265x156x106mm inc terminals and brackets e Weight 3 5kg PACKAGE CONTENTS e 1x MC600C motor controller e 4x M8x25 bolts washers and nuts e 1x 4 pin plug 1x 5 pin plug e 1x User manual INSTALLATION The motor controller may be installed in any orientation Usually installation close to the motor is best in order to keep power wiring to the motor short The enclosure is weather resistant but not fully waterproof so it is best installed in a location with some protection from the elements If it may be in the direct path of water splash guards are recommended The controller s continuous power capabilities depend somewhat on the amount of airflow around the case for convection cooling If the install location has very little airflow the controller may benefit from added convection cooling via fans or ducting Or for highest sustained power the controller may be base mounted to a fan forced convection or water cooling block Controller dimensions and mount locations The motor controller comes with brackets for mounting with four 6mm or 1 4 bolts on a 142 x
6. OTOR IDLING FUNCTIONALITY The MC600C includes a basic motor idle functionality based on a low target speed with low torque limit It does not use an RPM sensor for speed feedback so the speed may vary depending on load However it is a simple and effective solution for EV conversions with automatic transmissions which require the motor to keep turning to maintain oil circulation in the gearbox or for vehicles using OEM power steering pumps air conditioning compressors alternators etc 8 The idle speed and torque are configured via CAN bus Voltage effectively controls target motor speed and current controls the torque it will use to get there Ideal values will depend on your motor and vehicle but a good starting point is 6V idle voltage and 100A idle current Caution Electric motors can suffer damage if they remain stalled with current flowing for extended periods of time Idle functionality is NOT recommended for direct drive vehicles and in the case of vehicles with manual transmissions be sure to put the clutch in when coming to a stop INTERNAL CAPACITOR WARNING Motor controllers have a large bank of capacitors on their input which can remain charged for a long time after the controller is powered off Exercise caution if undertaking vehicle maintenance soon after driving as there may be significant voltage across the controller s input power terminals even if your main contactor is open Always measure the voltage a
7. ZERO EMISSION VEHICLES AUSTRALIA http www zeva com au MC600C 150VDC 600A motor controller for Series DC and PM DC motors TABLE OF CONTENTS 1 Introduction 2 Safety Warning 3 Tech Support and Warranty Information 4 Features and Specifications 5 Installation 6 Power Wiring 7 Control Wiring 8 Operation 9 CAN Bus Communications page O A A U N ea mn Mnd INTRODUCTION Congratulations on your purchase of a ZEVA MC600C motor controller The MC600C was designed to be one of the best value most reliable and easiest to use motor controllers available for electric vehicles It utilises the latest in power semiconductors to make it one of the most efficient motor controllers available over 99 at all times Featuring dual microprocessors for redundant safety an advanced throttle algorithm for the smoothest driving experience silent operation at all times a compact weather resistant air cooled housing and industry standard CAN bus connectivity for monitoring operation programming settings and even optional throttle control over CAN bus We hope it provides you years of reliable service SAFETY WARNING Electric vehicle motor controllers are high powered devices which involve potentially lethal voltages and currents Proper precautions and electrical safety procedures should always be observed voltages above 110VDC should be considered dangerous and vehicles should never be work
8. cross the controller with a multimeter before performing any maintenance LED STATUS AND ERROR CODES The MC600C has a multicolour LED on its front panel for providing visual feedback on the controller s operating status The following table summarises the codes you may encounter multiple dots representing a flash sequence Thermal cutback temperature above 60 C Power reduces slowly towards thermal shutdown threshold Thermal shutdown Controller temperature above 90 C Thermal shutdown until temperature reduces Battery voltage low Voltage at power terminals below minimum setting Power stage disabled until voltage increases Supply voltage low Supply voltage below 8VDC Latches on for safety Fix 12V supply then power cycle controller Throttle error Invalid voltage or level mismatch on throttle Error latches on for safety until zero throttle is detected High pedal lockout Non zero throttle detected at startup May indicate foot on pedal or a faulty throttle device Corrupt settings Fault in the internal memory Will automatically revert to default settings on next startup Desat error Hardware overcurrent fault May indicate damage to internal power devices or short circuit in motor eo Internal sensor fault An internal sensor returned an invalid value These rare errors may indicate a hardware fault in the controller please contact us Caution There are no user serviceable parts inside the controller
9. ding on their physical layout To minimise EMI it is best to keep the positive and negative cables close together both the power cables from battery pack to controller and controller to motor To further reduce EMI the cables may be twisted around each other For further details on why twisting cables together is helpful for EMI refer to http www wikipedia com wiki Twisted_Pair CONTROL WIRING PLUG IDENTIFICATION The MC600C uses two aviation style screw lock plugs for all control low power connections one with 4 pins for the throttle and one with 5 pins for power input and CAN bus connections The diagram below shows pin identifications as viewed on the controller case Shield 5V Out ThrA CAN L CANH Thr B Gnd Gnd 12V in Pin identification for control wiring plugs Plug 1 Throttle Plug 2 Power and CAN e 5V Output power supply for throttle Max 50mA output internal self resetting fuse e 12V In Connect to a key switched 12V supply so the controller comes on when the key is turned on Often wired in parallel with your main contactor Maximum voltage range 8 18V input approx 200mA draw e Gnd Ground connection for throttle e Throttle A First throttle input usually the log level O 5V input l l ARIU GAENE ee e Gnd Connect to ground vehicle chassis e Throttle B Second throttle input either enable switch or 2nd analog 0 5V input e CAN L and CAN H Two wires for CAN bus communications e Shi
10. e primary throttle input For smoothness and reliability we recommend sending CAN throttle updates at around 10Hz To ask the controller to transmit its current settings send a zero byte data frame on ID 52 Receive settings The controller will return 8 unsigned bytes on frame ID 53 Transmit Settings as described in the table below 3 Maximum motorcurent x10A oo 4 Maximum battery curet 610A oo 6 Totey S o a 8 ideeen S o oo The same 8 byte data format is used for sending new settings to the motor controller using frame ID 52 Receive settings Note that if any of the parameters are outside the valid ranges above the entire settings update will be rejected 12
11. ed on while contactor s are engaged Please read this manual carefully before using the controller to ensure correct installation and operation If you are unsure of anything please contact us before proceeding We have endeavoured to make a safe and reliable product which performs as described however since ZEVA has no control over the integration of its products into a vehicle we can assume no responsibility for the safety or functionality of the completed vehicle It is up to the end user to determine the suitability of the products for the purpose employed and the end user assumes all risks associated Products should only be installed by suitably qualified and experienced persons and should always be used in a safe and lawful manner TECH SUPPORT AND WARRANTY INFORMATION The MC600C motor controller is covered by a 12 month warranty against manufacturing faults or failures under normal operating conditions The warranty does not cover misuse of the product including but not limited to Excessive voltage or reversed polarity on input terminals short circuits on output terminals excessive voltages applied to control wiring opening of housing and or modification of internals severe impact damage e g due to vehicle crashes submersion in water We have taken great care to design a safe and reliable product but faults can happen If you believe your motor controller has a fault please contact us via our website to discuss If it is det
12. eld Not required usually for pass through of shielding on CAN bus cables WIRING UP THE PLUGS The plugs are opened using a small jewellers screwdriver to remove the screw on the side of the rear shell which then comes away with a small counterclockwise twist Feed wires through the back of the rear shell before attaching to the pins to ensure the case can go together again after wires are attached For reliable connections be sure to tin add solder to both the wires and the contacts before soldering them together The shell also has a cable stress relief clamp at the rear which should be fastened down to hold the cables If your cables are too small for the clamp to engage you can wrap some insulation tape around them to increase the diameter and ensure the clamp is able to hold them in place Example wiring of aviation plugs Disassembled left wiring middle complete right e Since the logic wiring is necessarily quite close to the traction circuit power cables to avoid Electromagnetic Interference EMI it is best to use shielded cables or twist wires such as 12V and Ground together Also avoid running logic wiring in parallel with power cables for long distances as it increases noise due to crosstalk e The logic board only requires 200mA current so as small as AWG28 wire may be used for the power supply However if not enclosed in a shielded sheath it is best to use larger cable around 18AWG for better mechan
13. ermined that a hardware fault is the likely cause we will provide an RMA number and return address to proceed with repairs If you have any questions not covered by this manual please contact us via our website http www zeva com au Contact FEATURES AND SPECIFICATIONS FEATURES e Smooth hybrid throttle algorithm for familiar driving feel e Thermal cutback and over temp protection e Configurable operating parameters via CAN bus interface e Multicolour status LED for visual status feedback e Durable weather resistant extruded aluminium housing approx IP44 e Compatible with optional fan forced air or water cooling blocks for higher sustained power e Adjustable motor idling function for automatic gearboxes or maintaining auxiliaries e Support for most throttle types including 3 wire 0 5V 2 wire 0 5KQ and HEPA pedals e Fully isolated logic and power electronics e Robust I O protects controller against external wiring faults High pedal lockout protects against non zero throttle on startup e Self diagnostics with error detection including overcurrent low voltage on power and logic supplies internal programming corruption and internal sensor faults e Independent hardware overcurrent protection system desat detection SPECIFICATIONS e Battery voltage range 12 144V nominal 9 175V absolute maximum e Up to 45x LiFePO4 cells 40x LiCo cells or 12x 12V lead acid e Current rating 600A peak 1 minute 20
14. he motor e Maximum motor current In vehicles with smaller motors you may wish to reduce maximum motor current in order to avoid damaging your motor from overcurrent Most 6 or larger Series DC motors will be fine with the maximum 600A setting e Maximum battery current If using small or weak batteries you can adjust this setting to avoid overworking your batteries This typically does not effect acceleration when setting off but may reduce high speed performance Throttle ramp rate This varies the rate at which the throttle is allowed to ramp up A setting of zero gives instant throttle response with numbers 1 4 giving increasingly gentle throttle ramps Throttle type The MC600C supports three throttle types 1 Three wire 0 5V analog plus Enable 2 Two wire 0 5KQ plus enable and 3 Hall Effect Pedal Assembly HEPA Please refer to the Control Wiring Throttle Device section for further details Idle voltage and current These can be used to enable motor idling functionality Be careful to leave these as zero unless you are sure you need them as it can cause the motor to run non stop 10 Refer to the Operation Motor Idling section for more information CAN PROTOCOL DESCRIPTION This section describes the CAN communication particulars for those wishing to create their own interface with the motor controller over CAN bus Default CAN bus speed is 125kbps and uses format 2 0A The motor controller is intended to always be
15. ical strength durability e All control wiring is galvanically isolated from the power terminals In most cases the control wiring will share a common ground the vehicle chassis with your vehicle s existing 12V system and the traction circuit should remain electrically isolated for safety THROTTLE DEVICE The MC600C controller supports a variety of different throttle types which may be selected via CAN bus interface Controller expects Type 1 throttle by default e Type 1 0 5V Enable Any throttle device which outputs a 0 5V level representing 0 100 throttle may be used Non contact Hall Effect types are the best option due to their reliability and virtually unlimited lifespan They should have three wires to connect to Gnd 5V and Throttle A 0 5V level The Throttle B pin should be connected to 5V through the enable switch on the potbox COM and NC terminals for redundant safety in case of hall sensor fault e Type 2 0 5KQ Enable Although not considered a great option due to their tendency to wear out and become unreliable over time legacy 2 wire resistive 0 5KQ potboxes such as the Curtis PB 6 can be used The two throttle wires connect to Throttle A and 5V either polarity The enable switch should be wired between 5V and Throttle B using the COM and NC terminals e Type 3 Hall Effect Pedal Assembly HEPA HEPA pedals are becoming the industry standard for throttle devices in vehicles as they offer high reliability and
16. ies or short circuits can do a lot of damage When first powering up the completed system wiring mistakes or faulty throttle devices could cause unexpected power to the motor which risks injury or vehicle runaway It is highly recommended that the drive wheels be off the ground and that nobody is standing in front of or behind the vehicle at the time Power cables around 50sqmm or 1 0 AWG in size are recommended for all power wiring between batteries and motor controller and 50 95sqmm 1 0 to 4 0 AWG cable between the motor controller and motor where average currents are higher It is best to use double insulated cable with an orange sheath for compliance with electrical standards Ensure all power terminals and connections in your traction circuit are clean and tight Always use either spring washers or Nyloc nuts to ensure connections will not loosen from vibration over time Poor connections have a higher resistance which can cause them to become hot when conducting large currents potentially damaging components It is essential to have a precharge device to charge up the motor controller s internal capacitor bank before closing the main contactor Closing the main contactor without first precharging the controller causes a huge current spike which can damage contactors often welding their contacts together A 1KQ 10W precharge resistor permanently across the main contactor can work but is not the safest solution as it does not tru
17. ly isolate the controller when the key is off A better solution is a 2 stage automatic precharger such as our ZEVA Smart Precharger or an EVMS with built in precharger Ensure you have an appropriately rated main contactor and fuse protecting your traction circuit Examples of suitable contactors are the Kilovac EV200 or LEV200 Gigavac GX14 Albright SW200 or Nanfeng ZJW4OO0A For a fuse a 300A semiconductor type with sufficient DC voltage rating is recommended such as those from Bussmann Ferraz Shawmut Mersen Littelfuse etc Large fuses tend to be very slow to blow typically able to carry twice their rated current for about 1 minute As such it is best to use a fuse with a rating slightly above the continuous rating of the motor controller rather than one rated for the maximum motor controller current The MC600C motor controller uses aluminium busbars Aluminium itself is a good conductor of electricity but unfortunately the invisible aluminium oxide which forms on its surface is a poor conductor The power terminals are supplied cleaned and with a thin layer of Noalox contact paste applied to prevent re oxidation This paste should be left on the terminals when are attaching power cables The force of tightening the bolts will displace the grease and seal the contact area to prevent corrosion over time The power cables in electric vehicles carry a large amount of power and can emit a lot of electromagnetic interference EMI depen
18. on the end of a CAN bus so has a 120Q termination resistor built in Please contact us if you require a controller with different bus settings or data formats There are four different CAN frames used by the motor controller FrameiD Description Direction Status operating information Receive or request settings Transmit settings The Status frame is transmitted by the motor controller at 10Hz and contains 8 unsigned bytes Low four bits are controller type 1 MC600C 2 MC1000C 3 15 reserved High four bits contain code for any errors see below Battery voltage in volts Battery current x5 amps Motor voltage in volts The following error codes may be reported in the top four bits of status frame byte 1 0 Noeror aloK 6 Overvoltage on HV E175V 2 Power stage desaturation 8 Throttle error mismatch 3 Faulty current sensor 9 Thermal cutback 70 C Thermal shutdown 90 C Undervoltage on HV lt 8V 11 To set the controller s throttle level via CAN bus simply send a single unsigned byte on frame ID 51 with a range of 0 zero throttle to 255 full throttle When in use the CAN throttle overrides any throttle connected to the controller s 4 pin plug However for safety the CAN throttle has a 250 millisecond timeout that is if the controller does not receive a updated throttle information within 250ms of the previous CAN throttle frame it will revert to th
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