A User`s Guide to Fencing & Decking Materials
Contents
1. mm a A User s Guide to Fencing and Decking Materials www RicksFencing com Return to Table of Contents Vinyl Fencing Repairs for Vinyl Fences Since modern PVC is quite strong the likelihood that your vinyl fence will need to be repaired is pretty low however a quick search of online forums shows that some homeowners do run into issues A common experience is that of damaging a vinyl fence with a lawnmower or other tool so be careful while working around your vinyl fence Additionally baseballs and other projectiles may damage low quality PVC To avoid this issue select a high grade PVC manufacturer For more information see the tips for finding strong PVC in the checklist at the end of this chapter If you do find holes in your vinyl fence your first response should be to check your warranty The manufacturer may replace parts which are often covered by a lifetime warranty If your warranty does not cover such damage you can repair the fence yourself by replacing the broken parts A User s Guide to Fencing and Decking Materials BW www RicksFencing com Return to Table of Contents Vinyl Fencing Warranties for Vinyl Fences Aside from keeping an eye out for superior quality characteristics see the checklist below you can guarantee the long life of your vinyl fence by carefully reviewing manufacturers and installers warranties Twenty year to lifetime warranties are common in the field so2. A User s Guide to Fencing amp Decking Materials By Nick Marshall Dave Harkins and Rick Stanley A Rick s Custom Fencing amp Decking Resource www RicksFencing com Contents Introduction General Fence Building Questions to Ask Yourself Tips According to Your Goals Longevity Maintenance and Location Checklist How to Choose a Fencing Contractor Wood Fencing What to Look For in a Wood Fence Fence Designs That Work Well With Wood To Refinish or Not to Refinish Repair Issues Checklist Tips for Building Strong Wood Fences Vinyl Fencing Advances in Vinyl Fencing Vinyl Fence Designs Other Synthetic Fencing Options Chemicals in Synthetic Fences Repairs for Vinyl Fences Warranties for Vinyl Fences Checklist How to Make Your Vinyl Fence Last A User s Guide to Fencing and Decking Materials oO oO WU W 13 17 19 20 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 O www RicksFencing com Return to Table of Contents Metal Fencing Aluminum Chain Link Steel Checklist Questions to Ask Your Professional General Deck Building Designing the Right Deck for Your Home Construction Maintenance Concerns Checklist Important Questions to Answer Wood Decking Cedar vs Other Woods Maintenance and Repair Checklist How to Build a Strong Wood Deck Composite Decking A History of Composite Decking How Composite Decking Is Made What to Look for in a Composite Decking Brand Checklis
3. Wood fences are prone to three types of disrepair Rotting posts Moisture from the soil can cause posts to rot and fall away which can lead the rest of the fence to sag and become unstable The fix Use pressure treated posts set in concrete Sagging fence In addition to unmoored fence posts fences can sag if the posts aren t deep enough in the soil The fix This is a difficult problem to correct later in the life of a fence so make sure your fence posts are deep enough the standard depth in most areas is 2 feet L rail n r The rail is the part of the fence that runs horizontally parallel to the earth The boards are the face of the fence they are placed vertically between the posts The fix Loose boards may be put back into place with galvanized screws or nails Rails that have come loose may be fixed in a similar way using galvanized fence clips A User s Guide to Fencing and Decking Materials Oooo B www RicksFencing com Return to Table of Contents Wood Fencing Checklist Tips for Building aie Wood Fences Use galvanized fasteners Hot dipped galvanized nails work well whereas screws add a lot of cost and are rarely used If you are having the fence built for you be sure to inquire after the type of fasteners your contractor will use Use pressure treated posts set in concrete As water destroys wood over the long term any wood that comes in contact with the ground requires extra protecti
4. Return to Table of Contents Composite Decking What to Look for in a Composite Decking Brand As mentioned above an early problem with composite decking material was its tendency to attract mold especially when placed in shady areas Unlike vinyl composite lumber contains organic material which is susceptible to decay Going local is probably the smartest thing to do when it comes to composite decking That s because local manufacturers take regional weather into account when designing new products For example homeowners based in the Northwest should look for products that are mold resistant and stand up to the astonishing temperature shifts this region is notorious for WestStar is a favored brand in the Northwest Made entirely of recycled materials WestStar includes a mold inhibitor so it won t rot as quickly as other brands WestStar lumber also has a non skid finish which alleviates the slickness found in other composites Finally WestStar lasts because it s made of HDPE plastics If something should go wrong WestStar offers a strong warranty against checking insect or termite damage and splintering Whichever brand you choose see if deck clips may be used to fasten the deck In traditional deck construction screws are driven down into the joists This technique results in strong decks but moisture can seep into the area around the screws which can lead to mold mildew and structural weakness Deck clips turn this whole pro
5. Should your fence show off the gems of your garden or are you more concerned with shutting off the street to create a private oasis You may be able to find the perfect color or material to match your gardening preferences Which views should be preserved or blocked The height of your fence will govern which views remain visible once it is complete If you build a solid fence such as a flat board fence you will block views completely so you must be careful to set the height according to the lines of sight you wish to maintain Alternatively a more transparent style such as an aluminum fence will allow your favorite prospects to shine A mixture of materials such as corrugated metal and redwood may also allow privacy while maintaining an open feel What is the style of your home Aim to match your fence to the style of your home s exterior If you are especially driven by design you might choose to echo your home s architectural elements The human eye enjoys such repetition For instance a mission style wood fence might perfectly compliment your Arts and Crafts style bungalow A User s Guide to Fencing and Decking Materials Oo B www RicksFencing com Return to Table of Contents General Fence Building How might animals interact with your fence Do you need to enclose farm animals like chickens and cows or just domestic pets such as dogs and cats In general larger animals require stronger taller fences Look fo
6. accept nothing less You should also check the guarantee on work by the contractors installing your fence Even a lifetime warranty will not cover every possibility However a strong warranty should cover breaking fading yellowing and cracking What will F probably not be covered Damage from external forces such as being struck with a baseball For a fairly comprehensive comparison of warranties according to manufacturer read Vinyl Fencing Manufacturers amp Warranties A User s Guide to Fencing and Decking Materials Oooo 32 www RicksFencing com Return to Table of Contents Vinyl Fencing Checklist How to Make Your Vinyl Fence Last Choose a kit with higher levels of titanium dioxide in the top layer This prevents decay over the long term Make sure the fence is tightly fastened together and posts are accurately placed If you are assembling your vinyl fence yourself spend extra time measuring ASTM F964 94 refers to a voluntary quality standard for vinyl fencing manufacturers Ask whether the manufacturer follows this standard Ask whether the manufacturer uses co extrusion bonding two layers or mono extrusion one layer Although mono extrusion does not exclude high quality co extruders are likely to make longer lasting fences It s also a good idea to ask about the details of the vinyl fencing Here are a few traits to look for e Stainless steel gate hardware e Alumin
7. can place the footings farther back as well This will block footings from the line of sight which is appealing from a design perspective Sun and Shade Observe your potential deck locations during the day to see what kind of sunlight they get The north side of a house is generally shady and cool while south facing areas will get direct sun Think about Transitions More than any other structure in your home a deck acts as a transition from private to public spaces To maximize your enjoyment of your new deck focus on the transitional aspects of your deck For instance French doors are pleasant to open and close they beckon viewers outside Sliding doors are easy to open and close so they re also a great choice for decks A User s Guide to Fencing and Decking Materials Oo B www RicksFencing com Return to Table of Contents General Deck Building Construction Once you ve made some basic decisions about your deck design it s time to think about the more technical aspects of your deck Wood or Composite Most contractors consider cedar to be the best organic material for decking On the other hand today s composite materials are durable and require less maintenance than genuine wood decking Because composite decking has low tensile strength you should use pressure treated wood for the footings The Importance of Fasteners Most experts recommend using screws to hold decks in place They have a high draw strengt
8. dampness and intense sun wear away at fences unless they are properly maintained Keep in mind the following concerns when choosing a fencing material Longevity For most people longevity is an important J consideration in selecting anything for the home To avoid having to rebuild your fence a few years from now set aside l time to think about which materials and designs will work best _ for your environment Some fencing materials last longer than others Maintenance As with most possessions the human element is the most influential factor in fence maintenance In general thicker coats of sealant or paint will be required in colder locales Location The climate in which you re building your fence can have an impact on how it will fare over the years You should carefully consider regional weather conditions before selecting your fencing material See the charts below for a comparison of fencing materials by longevity maintenance needs and climate considerations A User s Guide to Fencing and Decking Materials Oooo B www RicksFencing com Return to Table of Contents General Fence Building Longevity Material Typical Lifespan Notes amp Qualifications Unfinished Decades if you apply Use pressure treated wood for any posts that come amp Pressure a finish right away and contact with the earth Otherwise moisture in the Treated Wood refinish every 3 4 years soil will weaken the posts and your fenc
9. Of course if no bps specific theme appeals to you a traditional cedar American deck is always a beautiful choice nsider Color From calming blues and greens to stimulating reds and oranges color definitely impacts our mood As you imagine your deck think about which colors would best compliment your landscaping and home design Don t limit yourself to just one color especially in multi section or step down deck designs contrasting or complimentary colors may be best Stains in nearly every color of the rainbow are available for wood decking and composite decking comes in many colors as well If you use colored composite decking you can t change the tone down the road so be sure you re 100 satisfied with your choice A User s Guide to Fencing and Decking Materials E o www RicksFencing com Return to Table of Contents General Deck Building Place Furniture and Accessories As you figure out where you want your deck to go use items in your yard to help you imagine the best placement For instance use a couple of two by fours to outline the basic shape of a deck Move your patio furniture around the yard to figure out the most convenient and attractive spot for your deck Notice which views will be available from the deck location and how the deck will look from the rest of your property Understand Your Needs Decks are often placed off of kitchens dining rooms and living rooms In these locations they provide a tran
10. every 3 4 years e Repair loose boards or post damage promptly Vinyl Mold dirt Most maintenance e Clean with soap water vinegar and baking soda concerns are aesthetic rather e Tough stains may require a more aggressive than structural approach Metal Rust squeaky or weak latches e Prevent rust by applying a rust resistant finish and fasteners missing or e If rust occurs wash the area remove the rust broken pieces with steel wool or via sandblasting and apply wax or a sealant e Fix any broken or squeaky parts promptly Stone Chipping mortar destructive e Walk the wall each spring to check for loose stones plants loose stones e Chip away and replace any crumbling mortar See the corresponding chapter on each material for more maintenance information A User s Guide to Fencing and Decking Materials www RicksFencing com Return to Table of Contents Location General Fence Building Material Climate Concerns Tips earth moisture penetration tree roots that impact stability Wood Extreme weather and changes e To prevent sun discoloration clean regularly in temperature are tough for and refinish with a semi transparent stain that wood fences Very wet or very contains an ultraviolet stabilizer dry environments are also e You may want to use a power washer to clean challenging the wood if it s been more than two years since you last refinished the fence Vinyl Man
11. need Enhancing Security If your goal is to protect your property from intruders Design a fence that intruders can t get over through or under A sharp top surface like that of a picket fence will prevent people from getting over a fence Ground hugging fence designs ensure that no one can slide under Focus on height A 4 foot fence is the perfect height for socializing with the neighbors and it will also give most fence jumpers pause Five feet is a proficient height for most security purposes but the 6 foot fence is even better Build a strong gate In terms of security the gate is typically the weakest part of a fence Choose strong hinges jimmy proof locks and a lockable gate Think like a burglar As Jeff Beneke points out in The Fence Bible once a burglar is inside a solid fence or wall may actually protect his activities from the watchful eyes of neighbors A wrought iron fence may be your best bet when it comes to security wrought iron combines security and visibility not to mention curb appeal A User s Guide to Fencing and Decking Materials Oo B www RicksFencing com Return to Table of Contents General Fence Building Hiding an Ugly View If your goal is to hide something you don t want to see Choose a privacy fence Privacy fences which often hide unattractive views are typically 6 feet in height Combine height with visibility You may be able to combine different fencing styles to achieve your goal
12. on what you just read suggestions for improving our services or any questions you may have about fencing and decking materials We will use the feedback we receive to improve future editions of this book and grow our library of resources Contact a Rick s location http www ricksfencing com pages company_locations ph To further assist you in your quest to build a new fence or deck we offer the following resources Online Price Quote Get a fast and easy quote from Rick s Custom Fencing and Decking on your fencing or decking project Rick s Fence Materials Calculator A free app for the iPhone that converts the dimensions of your yard into a comprehensive list of materials you will need to build you fence Fencing and Decking Resources Website Our resource page offers tips news and information on all topics pertaining to fencing and decking A User s Guide to Fencing and Decking Materials OoOo www RicksFencing com Return to Table of Contents A User s Guide to Fencing and Decking Materials Copyright 2010 Published by Mad Fish SEO Aa io Fein od cing i oO www RicksFencing com Return to Table of Contents
13. Can you guarantee installation labor Most manufacturers offer 10 to 20 year warranties on composite decking materials A few offer lifetime warranties Be sure you read all the fine print for the warranty it s not a fun task but it will save you money and hassle down the road Also if you are having an outside contractor erect the deck make sure you ask if the labor is under warranty A User s Guide to Fencing and Decking Materials B www RicksFencing com Return to Table of Contents Conclusion In her novel Emma Jane Austen wrote Ah There is nothing like staying at home for real comfort But unless the design is to your liking your home can feel like one big to do list Hi ELD As you commence your PEHU journey toward your perfect fence or deck you may be dreading the amount of effort it will take to make your construction dreams a reality Take heart in Austen s sentiment Once your fence or deck is up it will be worth all of the hard work and heartache Nothing is quite so enjoyable as a comfortable well appointed home q We appreciate your interest in this publication For more information please visit our online database of fencing and decking resources A User s Guide to Fencing and Decking Materials Oo pB www RicksFencing com Return to Table of Contents Feedback and Other Resources We always appreciate feedback on what we are doing Please let us knowyour thoughts
14. This is because sapwood more readily sucks up the chemicals used in the pressure treating process To avoid the danger of pressure treating chemicals seeping into surrounding soil many gardeners avoid this type of wood altogether Another concern for homeowners is that a splinter from a pressure treated fence may become infected due to the chemicals Different pressure treated woods have different retention levels A low retention rating means the wood shouldn t be in contact with the earth Learn more by reading Pressure Treated Woods FAQs A User s Guide to Fencing and Decking Materials Oo B www RicksFencing com Return to Table of Contents Wood Fencing Fence Designs That Work Well With Wood Split rail fences Because they were traditionally made from split logs found on the property many ranches use split rail fences Cedar split rail fences are highly decorative and work well for defining property lines e Picket Fences Wood picket fences were once considered the American standard Although picket fences are still popular many homeowners now lt lt choose to build them out of vinyl rather than wood to avoid maintenance Post and Rail Fences Easy to build and fairly easy to maintain this is one of the most popular fence styles especially for horse owners Privacy Fences Cedar is an especially wonderful wood for privacy fences as it blocks out nearly as much noise as concrete Lattice Whenever you w
15. To reduce cracking the thicker bottom layer contains special chemicals to help keep the vinyl flexible www RicksFencing com Return to Table of Contents Vinyl Fencing Vinyl Fence Designs Another shift in vinyl fencing is that there are far more styles available today than could be obtained just a few years ago Basically whatever your preference there s probably a vinyl fence to match DIY types may order vinyl fence kits directly from the manufacturers Contractors will be able to provide you with a wide array of vinyl fence styles if you re not looking to assemble one yourself Even though nearly any style is available in vinyl some look better than others Picket Fence The next time you walk in your neighborhood look closely at the picket fences you see Chances are a few that you thought were wood are actually vinyl You ll save yourself plenty of work by opting for a vinyl picket fence rather than painted wood Solid Panel Fence This style is the traditional privacy fence with flat sections between each post A solid panel vinyl fence is wonderful for a pool area Three Rail or Post and Rail Fence Imagine a green pasture with horses frolicking inside an airy looking yet sturdy fence and you ll probably picture a three rail or post and rail fence This style is perfect for large tracts of land when you want to split up space without sacrificing visibility Lattice Top Fence Vinyl is available in lattice styl
16. ant to maintain a degree of visibility consider building a wood lattice fence Despite being fairly inexpensive lattice is beautiful so it s great for masking unattractive features on your property such as utility tanks Lattice is most often used as a decorative touch on the top of another fence style such as a privacy fence A User s Guide to Fencing and Decking Materials o 2 www RicksFencing com Return to Table of Contents Wood Fencing To Refinish or Not to Refinish You are not required to refinish your fence It s up to you to decide whether you want a rustic weathered silvery fence or an up to date warm refinished fence Many experts however caution against leaving a wood fence unfinished as it will deteriorate more quickly If you prefer the weathered look it s best to use a semi transparent gray toned stain to protect the wood As the world goes green many people are turning to natural oils for refinishing fences Linseed oil is a wonderful choice for this purpose It is totally natural which makes it environmentally friendly Additionally linseed oil takes to wood more easily than other stains Most semi transparent stains use linseed oil as a base Overall cedar is a great wood to refinish mainly because it takes in sealants better than other woods A User s Guide to Fencing and Decking Materials ee www RicksFencing com Return to Table of Contents Wood Fencing Repair Issues
17. ay to see which areas could benefit from sun protection Distribute snow If you live in a snowy area you know what havoc snowdrifts can wreak on a yard A tall porous fence can protect your property by creating an eddy which distributes the snow rather than letting it pile up Read up on snow fences Act as a wind breaker A fence can weaken the wind by slowing it down Wind breaking fences also reduce energy costs by keeping your home warmer To figure out the best place for a windbreaker fence obtain a wind rose for your area A fence made of louvered boards works well for this purpose Soften noise Cedar is the best fencing material for noise proofing it s almost as effective as concrete Using a fence for noise reduction is not as effective as soundproofing your home however Hide a pool If you have a swimming pool you could be accused of creating an attractive nuisance You can protect yourself from lawsuits and keep the neighborhood kids out of your pool by building a 4 foot or higher fence that can t be climbed over or under Design the pool gate to swing away from the pool and choose a Self latching lock Find more legal tips on fence building A User s Guide to Fencing and Decking Materials Oo B www RicksFencing com Return to Table of Contents General Fence Building Longevity Maintenance and Location Because fences are outdoor structures they must stand up to harsh elements Unremitting wind heavy snow
18. blem on its head by screwing in not from the top but from the bottom For a more thorough look at composite decking read Wood Plastic Composites A User s Guide to Fencing and Decking Materials Ooo B www RicksFencing com Return to Table of Contents Composite Decking Checklist Questions to Ask Your Professional What wood is used to make the decking Researchers have found that just as some lumber is less susceptible to mold and insect infestations composites made with sawdust from certain trees are more resistant to decay For instance as Washington State University and the University of Tennesee s Wood Plastic Composites A Primer explains composite decking made with eastern red cedar and cherry are more resistant to water absorption swelling and rot What kind of plastic is used PVC is the strongest of the three types of plastic used in composite decking Virgin PVC is typically stronger than recycled plastic Boards containing polyethylene can span only 16 inches between supports while those made with polypropylene or PVC can span 24 inches On the flip side polypropylene and PVC are more susceptible to weathering and surface oxidation Which quality standards does this composite meet There are voluntary quality standards composite decking manufacturers can choose to meet Ask your contractor to explain which if any are met and what that means to you What kind of warranty does this product carry
19. deck Brush off the sawdust off the deck before applying stain A User s Guide to Fencing and Decking Materials Oooo B www RicksFencing com Return to Table of Contents Wood Decking Refinishing Staining Choose a stain that is appropriate for your location s weather patterns UV protection As explained in the overview chapter for decks wood is susceptible to damage from ultraviolet rays UV rays dry out and weaken the wood To avoid unnecessary splinters cracking and warping choose a finish that contains UV protection Mildewcide If you live in an especially wet area look for a stain that contains mildewcide this will reduce the amount of work you have to do to clean your deck Water repellants Some stains also contain water repellants which may help prevent warping twisting and cracking Repairs Even the strongest deck will need repairs eventually Broken boards Cut away the broken section with a jigsaw Do not cut any of the Supporting beams nearby Replace the wood a handy trick is to take the old piece of wood to the lumber yard so you can match it as closely as possible Affix the new board using galvanized screws or nails to match the existing deck Peeling or cracking sealant finish If your finish begins to look shabby from moisture and sunlight sand around the affected areas and apply a new coat of finish Avoid varnishes which are especially susceptible to the elements A User s Guide to Fencing and Deck
20. e easiest ways to discover the quality of work each contractor does is to ask whether he or she uses concrete footings for fence posts Other ways to check on the quality of craftsmanship include asking what types of fasteners are used galvanized screws are ideal and looking at work the contractor has done in the past Get estimates Each company works a little differently but in general there are two types of bids on fencing projects on site or via phone or internet Both have advantages and disadvantages An on site estimate may be more accurate since the contractor can walk the line but a phone or email estimate is usually more convenient for the consumer If you are opting for a remote estimate you will need to figure out the basic dimensions of the fence you d like to have built To find a comprehensive list of all the materials your project will require try out this free Fence Materials Calculator iPhone app A User s Guide to Fencing and Decking Materials Oo B www RicksFencing com Return to Table of Contents Wood Fencing Wood is one of the most popular materials for fencing and for good reason it s attractive long lasting assuming it s properly maintained and easy to work with If you have a saw free time basic carpentry skills and a vision you can build a wood fence yourself On the other hand because wood is organic it decomposes quickly without the proper care Pines spruces poplars maples a
21. e will sag Stained Your stain should last 3 5 Spray application is the best way to stain a wood Wood years between applications fence Vinyl Indefinitely Projectiles such as the rogue baseball can damage vinyl fences so you may need to replace a part or two in the long run Make sure your manufacturer carries a lifetime warranty on the materials You should also clean your vinyl fence regularly Metal A hundred years or more While wrought iron is susceptible to rust chain link assuming you protect and aluminum will not rust and are more affordable against rust Today most people opt for tubular steel and aluminum systems instead of wrought iron Stone Thousands of years if Mortared stone fences last longer than stacked built well stone fences but mortar requires more maintenance Turn to the appropriate chapter for each material for more information on longevity A User s Guide to Fencing and Decking Materials O www RicksFencing com Return to Table of Contents General Fence Building Maintenance Material Maintenance Concerns Maintenance Tips Wood Wood is affected by most every e Leave 2 inches of clearance between the wood and weather condition including the ground sun wind rain and snow It s e Move any plants that impact the wood important to prevent mold and e Keep water systems away from the fence mildew from growing e Stain or seal your wood fence
22. ence Try to sum it up in one word such as security or appearance Keep this priority word in mind as you design and construct your fence doing so will help you make focused decisions In the next section you will find tips for selecting a fence based on your reasons for building one Are you willing to maintain your fence Or are you looking for a build it and forget it structure Some fencing materials such as wood require regular refinishing every few years See the Longevity section below for more information What is the weather like where you live Local weather patterns often dictate which type of material is best for your fence For instance wood fences are easier to maintain in arid environments like those in the southwestern United States Wood fence owners in muggy moist locales must refinish more frequently since moisture promotes mold and mildew growth within the wood You can find more industry tips on choosing location appropriate materials in the Location section below What should your fence say to your neighbors Do you want to communicate a warm welcome or a warning to stay out Does the visual appeal of the fence matter less than its utilitarian application If aesthetics are your main concern turn to the tips on visual appeal below A User s Guide to Fencing and Decking Materials OoOo B www RicksFencing com Return to Table of Contents General Fence Building What are your landscaping concerns ree
23. es and you ll certainly appreciate the paint free existence of a vinyl lattice fence A User s Guide to Fencing and Decking Materials Oo 2 www RicksFencing com Return to Table of Contents Vinyl Fencing Other Synthetic Fencing Options As the vinyl manufacturing process has improved a plethora of new synthetic fencing materials have appeared A favorite is SimTek simulated rock fencing For millennia humans have loved the look of stone fences but hated the backbreaking process of building one SimTek and other synthetic stone fences look almost identical to a real stone fence especially with the addition of complementary landscaping Like vinyl fencing these synthetic stone walls are lightweight strong and virtually maintenance free Synthetic stone products are also available in a variety of colors Synthetic lumber products are also available Resinwood for instance is lumber created from recycled plastic ensuring that it will not deteriorate over time As with high quality vinyl fencing UV stabilizers are included to make sure its vibrant colors stay as bright as they were on the day you installed the fence Unlike SimTek Resinwood is not pre assembled so you will need to erect the fence yourself As contractors shift their focus to environmentally friendly building materials many are calling for an end to the use of PVC That s because PVC is hard on the earth during manufacturing and it s difficult to recycle Conse
24. h which is the amount of pull required to tug the fastener out of the decking material Nails have much lower draw strength than screws which are also easier to take out than nails however screws are more costly and time consuming To prevent stain wood stains use galvanized and corrosion resistant fasteners Alternatively many contractors recommend using deck clips to secure the deck boards to the framework Deck clips fasten from beneath the boards which means unlike screws they remain hidden They also don t require you to drill into the deck boards eliminating issues such as splitting or seepage of water into the wood You can typically choose to have your deck built with deck clips for an extra fee A User s Guide to Fencing and Decking Materials Ooo pB www RicksFencing com Return to Table of Contents General Deck Building Plan for Drainage Slopes and Utilities Before you begin to build analyze the earth where the deck will go If the ground under your deck is soggy the structure will not be solid Create a good drainage system Measure the slope of the area where you d like to build this is a crucial aspect to take into account as you sketch out your design Finally you should check for utility lines to make sure your deck design doesn t cut off access and to ensure you don t cut through any electrical lines or pipes You can do this by dialing 811 Supporting Weight It s necessary to use real wood for the suppor
25. hough architectural methods have varied humans in moderate climates have always sought ways to define outdoor spaces In fact porch comes from the Greek word portico even the ancient Greeks yearned for common outdoor areas The modern American deck was born when the automobile turned front porch people watching into a thing of the past Today many Americans transform their backyards into inviting havens by adding a deck or pergola Regardless of your motivation for building a fence or deck you will find the information you need in this eBook Every major category of construction material is represented including wood composite metal and vinyl to help you choose the right material for you Just turn to the corresponding chapter to discover the strengths and weaknesses of each type of fence or deck At the end of each chapter you ll also find a checklist with handy tips and tricks of the fencing and decking trade Winston Churchill once said We shape our dwellings and afterwards our dwellings shape us A gob of elbow grease may be required to erect your deck or fence but once it s complete you ll be able to kick back relax and enjoy domestic bliss A User s Guide to Fencing and Decking Materials Oooo B www RicksFencing com Return to Table of Contents General Fence Building Unique needs require unique solutions so the first step in creating your new fence is to ask yourself what you want Security is the numbe
26. ing Materials OoOo B www RicksFencing com Return to Table of Contents Wood Decking Checklist How to Build a Strong Wood Deck Choose strong galvanized fasteners Screws are better than nails over the long run but cost more Make sure the foundation of the deck is Ba strong Leave space for drainage around wood and between boards whenever possible this will help it dry out Do not place blocks of concrete straight onto the ground to support your deck These are not grounded enough so a deck constructed in this way might wash away in an extreme storm Use brackets to support the beams of the deck Do not simply drive nails or screws into the side of the railings This puts too much pressure on the fasteners A bracket will help the deck float in place Use pressure treated wood for the foundation of your deck This material stands up to the elements best A User s Guide to Fencing and Decking Materials Oooo B www RicksFencing com Return to Table of Contents Composite Decking More and more consumers are turning to composite decking According to The Freedonia Group wood plastic composite decks made up only 7 of the deck marketplace in 2002 That number had risen to 22 in 2006 and is forecasted to reach as high as 30 in 2011 This relatively new form of decking which is composed of wood fiber mixed with plastic is practically maintenance free available in a wide variety of color
27. ions such as musical instruments Port Orford cedar is less likely to warp twist and splinter than other woods Finally it withstands impacts and takes stain better than other cedars Tropical hardwoods such as Ipe are also longevity superstars but cost and transportation issues make them more difficult to attain Because they must be transported so far tropical hardwoods cost more than cedars and pressure treated pine They also require much more labor to install which means installation costs are also higher A User s Guide to Fencing and Decking Materials OoOo p www RicksFencing com Return to Table of Contents Wood Decking Maintenance and Repair Owning a wood deck involves plenty of elbow grease Periodic repairs may pop up in addition to the regular refinishing you ll need to do to keep your wood fence in pristine condition Refinishing Cleaning the surface When refinishing your deck first you must clear off the surface and remove any mold mildew and dirt build up A wood substrate will help purchase such a cleaning product from your local hardware or paint store spray it on the surface of the deck and let it sit for twenty minutes or so You can then use a garden hose to spray the cleaning solution and the grime off the deck Let your deck dry out for a few days before moving onto the next step sanding Refinishing Sanding Use a brush to remove any tough stains Then carefully sand the surface of the
28. k trees and virgin or recycled plastic This combination of wood fiber and plastic makes composite decking very strong In fact composite lumber has a higher resistance to crushing than wood loaded perpendicular to the grain To create composite decking the wood and plastic usually polyethylene PVC or polypropylene are heated and mixed into a sort of dough then formed into the desired shape Lower levels of wood in the mix means the resulting lumber will be less susceptible to rot Additionally the more wood fibers in the mix the less susceptible the composite lumber will be to fading and stains Lumber with less than 50 wood is a good bet Colorants stabilizers reinforcing agents UV protection mold preventers and moisture resistance may be added to strengthen the composite decking The composite decking is then tested for strength and consistency One benefit of this manufacturing process is that composite decking may be molded into nearly any shape including strong arches Curved decks are quite pleasing to the eye but they were much more difficult to build before the advent of composite decking Composite decking may also be used for built in deck seating For a much more complete picture of the manufacturing process for composite decking read Wood Plastic Composites A Primer published by the University of Washington and the University of Tennessee A User s Guide to Fencing and Decking Materials Ooo B www RicksFencing com
29. ket in the late 1990s At first a major problem with the new material was that it was prone to mushrooming i e the plastic wood fiber material would puff up around the heads of the fasteners To compensate developers created smooth caps for the heads of fasteners Still wet and cold weather often drove even these fasteners out of early composite material Additionally many early composite deck owners struggled with mold infestations These problems have largely been fixed in today s composite decking The use of different recycled plastics resolved the expansion issues Moreover mold fighting chemicals are now embedded in high quality composite decking materials Because they contain organic material namely wood composites without such protection are still susceptible to mold If you have an array of composites to look at choose the one with the least obvious wood particles this means mold has fewer places to latch onto the lumber Top notch composite decking material cannot be scratched although it does cost a bit more than other varieties Finally the mushrooming effect can now be avoided by using clips rather than screws to secure the various parts of the deck A User s Guide to Fencing and Decking Materials OoOo gt www RicksFencing com Return to Table of Contents Composite Decking How Composite Decking Is Made Composite lumber has two main ingredients recovered sawdust usually from pine maple or oa
30. larly attractive part of your property For instance a dusty red may perfectly highlight the red tiles on your Spanish Colonial home Perhaps more than any other fence material metal is malleable to your design needs so let your imagination flow as you design your metal fence A User s Guide to Fencing and Decking Materials Oooo B www RicksFencing com Return to Table of Contents Metal Fencing Chain Link Chain link fences are the souffl of the fencing world they have the potential to turn out well but making one work takes finesse If done tastefully chain link fences can compliment nearly any edifice On the other hand chain link can also make for an ugly barrier As chain link fences are inexpensive and quick to install many businesses use them for purely utilitarian reasons to keep people out So if you re attracted to chain link consider how you can dress it up One way to soften a chain link fence is to coat it with PVC which is available in many different colors Alternatively you may choose to have plastic strips woven through the links of the fence Privacy slats reduce wind flow so they can act as a protective screen for your home we Chain link fabric is available in a wide variety of gauges 4 and mesh sizes The gauge describes the thickness of the wa wire woven together to create the fabric the smaller the gauge the thicker the wire and the stronger the fence For residential fences 11 5 gauge i
31. ll be quite low with a vinyl fence One of the disadvantages of vinyl fencing is the higher initial material cost However this is one of those cases in which a larger up front investment translates into savings over the long term Reputable manufacturers offer lifetime warranties on all parts so once your fence is up you ll be set A User s Guide to Fencing and Decking Materials RS www RicksFencing com Return to Table of Contents Vinyl Fencing Advances in Vinyl Fencing In the 1980s vinyl fences had a nasty reputation for fading with sunlight and becoming brittle in cold climates That s because the initial vinyl fences didn t account for the destructive power of ultraviolet rays Before the development of vinyl fences PVC was almost always used inside a building or underground early developers overlooked the fact that vinyl fences would be at the mercy of the elements including sunlight A User s Guide to Fencing and Decking Materials Today however these issues have almost completely disappeared Stronger PVC and improved manufacturing processes have strengthened vinyl fencing dramatically as the existence of the now standard lifetime warranty shows The first change in construction has to do with layering now through a process called coextrusion two layers of vinyl are bonded together The top layer contains protective chemicals including titanium dioxide which decelerate the rate of decay
32. made of 1 inch wire mesh will hold chickens Deer Deer are excellent vertical jumpers so you ll need at least a 6 foot fence A fence built at a 45 degree angle with the high side facing the deer will prove especially effective Read more about effective deer fences Dogs A 4 foot fence is high enough to stop most small dogs large dogs will require a 6 foot fence Learn more specific tips for certain types of dogs Horses Horses are generally unwilling to jump a 4 5 foot fence although stallions will require a 6 foot fence A horse fence does not have to be solid a post and rail fence should suffice For more horse fence tips see How to Build Horse Fences Rabbits A 2 foot fence made of chicken wire will stop rabbits Be sure to include a horizontal stretch underground to prevent them from digging under the fence Raccoons To keep raccoons from climbing your fence put plastic mesh at the top so it comes loose as the animal climbs To keep them from digging under bury wire mesh fencing horizontally 6 12 inches underground along the length of the fence A User s Guide to Fencing and Decking Materials Oo B www RicksFencing com Return to Table of Contents General Fence Building Controlling the Elements With careful design and placement a fence can Create shade The shade of a fence can keep your home cooler in the summer cutting your air conditioning costs For the best fence placement observe your yard throughout the d
33. nd willows make poor fences because they are prone to decay especially if in direct contact with the ground To protect a wood fence from the elements a homeowner must refinish it every few years Insects and fungi are also a problem To combat this you can purchase a finish that includes mildewcide or insecticide Another problem with wood is that it bends twists and splinters due to ultraviolet exposure and changes in temperature and humidity Refinishing takes care of this but you can also head off issues down the road by building your fence with wood from a slow growing tree Slow growing trees have narrower growth rings making their wood stronger and better to build with In general the longest lasting wood fences are made from cedar boards and pressure treated posts Another way to extend the life of your wood fence is to choose strong galvanized fasteners A User s Guide to Fencing and Decking Materials SS B www RicksFencing com Return to Table of Contents Wood Fencing What to Look For tn a Wood Fence The type of wood you choose for your fence will affect not only how it looks but how well it will hold up over time The species of the tree the quality of the lumber and whether or not the wood is pressure treated are all considerations to take into account Cedar vs Other Woods Cedar is one of the most popular fencing woods for many reasons First it has great dimensional stability meaning it is less likely to wa
34. ned more thoroughly in the Wood Fencing chapter wood is affected by moisture sunlight and changes in temperature Over the long term wood decks can fade splinter warp and crack without proper maintenance Wood decks must be refinished every few years Finally some woods are not insect resistant Multi tiered cedar deck A User s Guide to Fencing and Decking Materials OoOo pB www RicksFencing com Return to Table of Contents Wood Decking Cedar vs Other Woods Many people prefer to use cedar in their decking projects That s because cedar is gorgeous strong insect repellant and durable Native American tribes called Western Red cedar the tree of life because they used it for everything from ceremonial masks to canoes Cedar also blends well with natural environments which explains its popularity for seaside resorts Finally those who are concerned with protecting the environment prefer cedar as a decking material because cedar is a renewable resource Tropical hardwoods and Port Orford cedar are good choices if you re looking for an especially long lasting deck Port Orford cedar is one of the toughest materials on earth and is preferred by builders in the Northwest where wet conditions wreak havoc on other decking materials In fact according to strength and hardness tests Port Orford cedar is the strongest cedar in the world Some may also like the fact that Port Orford cedar is also used in artistic applicat
35. nsus has not been reached on the overall impact of PVC on human health you can learn more about these issues at Wikipedia and other online references If you are interested in building a low maintenance fence but wish to avoid PVC look for HDPE and composite fencing A User s Guide to Fencing and Decking Materials Ooo 2 www RicksFencing com Return to Table of Contents Vinyl Fencing Chemicals in Synthetic Fences Stabilizers Stabilizers improve PVC s heat stability which strengthens the material both during the manufacturing process and in the long term In the past lead and tin have been used to stabilize PVC but many manufacturers are shifting to non toxic stabilizers such as calcium and zinc You can avoid health risks by selecting a conscientious manufacturer Take the time to ask your contractor which stabilizer is used in the vinyl fencing you re considering Titanium dioxide Look for higher levels of titanium dioxide in the top layer of vinyl A long lasting vinyl fence will have 10 12 parts per 100 of titanium dioxide in the top layer This protects it against UV damage and helps maintain the color Precipitated calcium carbonates These improve PVC s impact strength Without this or similar compounds a swift golf ball or baseball may pierce vinyl fencing PCCs ee A are thought to be safe for the environment aT and humans which makes sense since most seashells are composed of calcium carbonate T
36. oad so their initial price which can run higher than cedar does not indicate the long term savings you ll accrue Do you mind doing maintenance Wood often looks better than composite in the long run since you can merely refinish it to remove scratches and create a smooth new surface However choosing to build with wood means you are dedicating yourself to refinishing your deck every 2 3 years What local climate patterns might affect your deck Moist locales see more mold and mildew so wood decks in those areas must be refinished more often Likewise harsh sun and extreme cold causes wood to expand and contract which can lead to splintering cracking and warping Unless you re willing to refinish your deck when such issues pop up those who live in extreme climates may be better served by a composite decking material A User s Guide to Fencing and Decking Materials www RicksFencing com Return to Table of Contents General Deck Building What are your design and use goals Which textures colors and materials will best compliment your home and yard Figure out how you d like to use your deck and what message you want it to send How long will this deck last A well built deck should last at least 15 20 years At that point you may need to revisit the deck s foundation and shore up any weak framing or posts Decks made of pressure treated wood may last 50 years or more High quality cedar with few knots and s
37. on Protect against insects fungi and ultraviolet rays Finish your fence right away and repeat every three or four years once it s erected If you anticipate a lot of bugs and mold it s a good idea to apply a finish that contains a mildewcide or insecticide Likewise if you live in an especially toasty area and you expect the fence to get plenty of sun you should apply a finish that includes ultraviolet protection Semi transparent stains provide good protection against the sun s rays A User s Guide to Fencing and Decking Materials OO 2 www RicksFencing com Return to Table of Contents Vinyl Fencing When it comes to fencing materials vinyl is the newest kid on the block and a popular new kid it is Because vinyl fences are made of PVC plastic they re not affected by the weather they re hard to scratch rq and they do not fade in sunlight If they are tightly built warping and other structural issues are nonexistent as are insect infestations So if you re looking for a low maintenance fence vinyl is the way to go Vinyl is also easy to clean A simple wipe down with a soapy sponge or a well aimed shot from a hose usually does the trick Another advantage of vinyl fencing is that it is lightweight and easy to handle Many manufacturers now offer vinyl kits that may be assembled with little more than a level and a drill Alternatively if you plan to hire a contractor your installation costs wi
38. ons to Ask Your Professional What kind of coating is on the fencing materials Tubular fencing sometimes suffers from corrosion from the inside out Moisture may be trapped inside the tubes which can cause rust To guard against this tendency choose a solid steel fence or purchase a fence a protective coating What kind of warranty do you offer Warranties for steel fences range from twenty years to a lifetime Read the fine print to make sure you re getting a fair deal Check which parts are included in the guarantee how labor costs will be covered and whether you have to pay transportation costs for replacement materials What kind of fasteners do you use As with all fences the long term strength of your metal fence will depend largely on the quality of the fasteners What are the security features of this fence In general metal fences will offer high security if there is little space between the infill the vertical elements There shouldn t be enough space at the bottom for someone to squeeze underneath the fence Finally pointy or other specially designed toppers will increase the security of a metal fence Will this fence require maintenance Ask your fencing professional or manufacturer to explain the features that will help your new fence last A User s Guide to Fencing and Decking Materials OoOo B www RicksFencing com Return to Table of Contents General Deck sa Decks are no longer just a fla
39. r more tips in the Animal Control section below Do you hope to keep certain animals out of your yard or garden If so you should design your fence with those pesky critters in mind What construction obstacles do you foresee Take a walk along the fence line to figure out where challenges lie Note any slopes hollows trees or other natural elements that could be sticking points A fencing professional will have ideas on how to accommodate such quirks in your yard Once you have answered these questions sketch out your fence The more you imagine dream and think about what you want ahead of time the more likely you ll enjoy the final product The three most important fencing considerations longevity maintenance and location are discussed in more detail later in this chapter Below you will find tips to help you meet your fencing needs based on your answers to the above questions Finally turn to the checklist at the end of this chapter to find suggestions for selecting a fencing contractor A User s Guide to Fencing and Decking Materials www RicksFencing com Return to Table of Contents General Fence Building Tips According to Your Goals A fence is the perfect example of the Zen principle of marrying form and function A well built fence can both serve an important function and complement the aesthetics of your home In order to get the most out of your fence follow these tips for choosing a design that fits your
40. r one reason homeowners cite for building a fence In fact this was also the earliest meaning of the word fence As the Oxford English Dictionary reveals in the Middle Ages the word fence indicated the act of self defending By the 1600s the modern meaning an enclosure or barrier had emerged A sturdy fence protects homeowners rights by drawing a clear property line Other common motives for constructing fences include increased privacy curb appeal and the age old need to create a strong enclosure for animals A well placed fence can also protect your home from the elements Today many people build fences for aesthetic reasons fences can serve design purposes such as breaking up open spaces echoing the design of a home and providing key outdoor vertical components If properly designed and maintained your fence will be one of the most enduring characteristic aspects of your home Visitors may not remember the pattern of your china but they are likely to recall your entrance gate So it s important to think carefully about what you want Later in this chapter you will find easy to read tips for creating fences to fulfill each of the motivations listed above First take a moment to imagine your dream fence A User s Guide to Fencing and Decking Materials O www RicksFencing com Return to Table of Contents General Fence Building Questions to Ask Yourself What is your main goal in building a f
41. rp and twist than other woods Second cedar heartwood naturally contains oils that repel insects and preserve strength Cedar s rich honey red tone and fresh smell are also enjoyable Learn more about what makes cedar so great for fences Western Red cedar is especially coveted by fencing contractors There are many reasons for this For one thing it has even better dimensional stability than other types of cedar Western Red cedar is quite strong Additionally Western Red cedar is perfect for damp environments such as the Northwest Thuja plicata as Western Red cedar is known to biologists is native to the whole West Coast so it has developed special mechanisms for handling changes in humidity You will still have to finish and refinish a Western Red cedar fence if you want it to keep its bright color but overall this is the wood that does best in the wettest parts of the country Finally Western Red cedar is light making it easy to work with A User s Guide to Fencing and Decking Materials Oooo 2 www RicksFencing com Return to Table of Contents Wood Fencing Pressure Treated Lumber For extra resilience against the elements some wood fences are built with pressure treated lumber During the pressure treating process chemicals such as chromated copper arsenate are forced into the wood For this purpose manufacturers select wood species with large quantities of sapwood such as Southern pine spruce Doug fir or hemlock
42. s For instance if you just need to hide a gas tank the first 5 feet of your fence could be solid while the upper foot of fence is lattice Check with utility companies Contact any relevant utility companies to make sure your fence will allow access If you are blocking the view of your propane tank for instance check with your propane company before breaking ground It s always a good idea to check your city or town s regulations before building a new fence In the United States you can do this with one phone call by dialing 811 Check sight lines Stretch string along sight lines to determine the right height reatin Vi Boundar Some homeowners use fences to divide their property into sections A fence can Outline a garden To remind visitors not to step on your garden a fence doesn t need to be very high 2 feet could do the trick Direct traffic A short properly placed fence can direct visitors to take the walkway or path of your choice A User s Guide to Fencing and Decking Materials p www RicksFencing com Return to Table of Contents General Fence Building Animal Control If your object is to keep animals in or out the ideal height and style of your fence will depend on the type of animal you re focusing on Cattle Cattle are notorious lickers so finding cow proof gates and latches may be your biggest fencing challenge A 4 foot high tensile wire fence is usually sufficient Chickens A 4 foot fence
43. s and pleasant to the touch Composite decking will never splinter scratch bend twist or warp It is safe for children and animals Many brands of composite decking are considered environmentally friendly since they reuse recycled materials that would otherwise go into a landfill For more environmental ratings for composite and plastic lumbers read the Healthy Building Network s Guide to Plastic Lumber Finally composite decking is strong enough to hold up in harsh weather conditions One disadvantage of composite decks is that they are prone to sagging without the proper structural support Another is that if a scratch appears or if you decide you don t like the color you can t refinish or paint a composite deck It s going to look the same for its entire lifetime unlike wood which may be almost endlessly cleaned sanded and refinished A final disadvantage of composite decking is its higher initial cost Over the lifetime of the deck however this higher up front cost is offset by nearly nonexistent maintenance costs You may have to purchase cleaning materials to keep mold off the surface of your composite deck that s basically the only cost in the long term unless you end up replacing the wood supports A User s Guide to Fencing and Decking Materials sds www RicksFencing com Return to Table of Contents Composite Decking A History of Composite Decking Manufacturers brought composite decking onto the mar
44. s standard Mesh size indicates the size of the holes between the wires The smaller the diamond shape between the wire the more steel in the fence and the stronger and more security proof it is For residential applications 2 inch to 2 3 8 inch mesh is common For higher security choose smaller mesh A User s Guide to Fencing and Decking Materials Ooo 3 www RicksFencing com Return to Table of Contents Metal Fencing Steel Steel fences combine grace with strength They offer clean lines and charming designs yet they may also have fail proof security features Welded steel is stronger than aluminum but it can rust so be sure to opt for a galvanized coating if you choose to put up a steel fence Steel fences are sometimes called tubular meaning the various fence parts are hollow Still such fences are quite strong because the vertical elements run through the railings at the top and the bottom of the fence Due to their strength steel fences are often used for commercial security purposes but they also make great residential fences with a wrought iron look Many steel fences are beloved for their beauty Because the front and back of steel fences are identical they may be enjoyed on both sides Cappers and other design elements allow for great individuality in steel fences A User s Guide to Fencing and Decking Materials B www RicksFencing com Return to Table of Contents Metal Fencing Checklist Questi
45. sition from indoor to outdoor environments As you plan your deck think about what you d like it to be used for Will it serve as a location for eating Socializing Relaxing The placement of your deck will largely determine how it is used Think about how visitors might move around your deck and how you can place it to facilitate flow Ponder Pergolas Trellises Fountains and Bridges While you re putting in a deck why not add a few vertical gardening elements Climbing plants such as roses and clematis love trellises If you live in a temperate climate a fountain can turn your deck into a humid tropical getaway while a bridge over a pond or Japanese style rock river can add intrigue to your yard In essence a bridge is simply a small deck so it shouldn t be too much of a hassle to add one while you re constructing your deck A User s Guide to Fencing and Decking Materials B www RicksFencing com Return to Table of Contents General Deck Building Handrails and balustrades These are the fence like aspects of your deck Handrails can direct visitors up stairs or along a certain pathway Most people install handrails and balustrades for safety but they are also wonderful opportunities to add distinctive design elements to your deck Before putting up any railings check that they won t obstruct the views you wish to preserve Hidden Footings If you are building an elevated deck consider placing the joints farther back so you
46. t spot in the garden These days you can include a chimenea fire ring or outdoor heater to turn your deck into a cozy spot even on chilly nights Adding a hot tub to your deck can transform your home into a spa Throw in a nice grill and you have an automatic entertainment destination Connecting a deck to your home will effectively expand your livable space who couldn t use more of that e Homeowners with sloped yards find decks especially appealing Instead of shoving around tons of dirt to create a level surface a deck can change a steep hillside into the perfect perch for watching the sunset It s important to ensure that such structures have extra strong foundational supports to protect against landslides Greenhouses and sheds may also be connected to one side of a deck for all weather access Finally decking around a pool is much more charming than concrete Discover your perfect deck design by reviewing the following design tips A User s Guide to Fencing and Decking Materials Sir www RicksFencing com Return to Table of Contents General Deck Building Designing the Right Deck for Your Home Select a Theme What do you want your new deck to say Perhaps you d like an energizing space with plenty of cheerful plants The Mediterranean style may be your best bet Alternatively if you re looking for a place to meditate over your breakfast cup of green tea Japanese elements will put your mind at ease
47. t Questions to Ask Your Professional Conclusion A User s Guide to Fencing and Decking Materials 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 43 45 46 48 49 50 S2 53 54 99 56 57 58 www RicksFencing com Return to Table of Contents Introduction Fences and decks have more in common than you might think Both can increase property values both are made of similar materials and both are projects that may be tackled over a weekend or two by the do it yourself type Metaphorically speaking these structures occupy the spaces in between they straddle and define the line between public and private indoors and outdoors familiar and stranger Decks and fences bridge the gap between our domestic sanctuaries and the wider world On a more practical level most fence builders cite Robert Frost s reasoning Good fences make good neighbors Similar axioms pop up in nearly every culture e Build a fence even between intimate friends Japan e Love your neighbor but put up a fence Russia e A hedge between keeps friendship green England People have been erecting different forms of fences since time immemorial Some scholars even trace the roots of civilization as we know it to the ability to mark off private land with fences A User s Guide to Fencing and Decking Materials Oooo B www RicksFencing com Return to Table of Contents Introduction Outdoor living rooms such as those created by decks also enjoy a proud pedigree T
48. their aging specimens Aluminum and chain link fences are much more affordable although chain link fences can be eyesores without the proper landscaping or design elements If you want an environmentally friendly fence metal has both pros and cons On the plus side metal fences usually last for at least one lifetime On the downside the materials are limited extensive mining is required for steel and aluminum fences Because genuine wrought iron fences are rarely erected nowadays this chapter will focus on aluminum chain link and steel fences A User s Guide to Fencing and Decking Materials Oo B www RicksFencing com Return to Table of Contents Metal Fencing Aluminum Aluminum is an amazing material It is lightweight it never rusts and it is inexpensive Today s aluminum fences are often hollow versions of traditional wrought iron designs Many feature pointy picket style toppers Aluminum fences with smooth rails along the top are especially suited to pool areas Aluminum fences can match a variety of homes Cast aluminum fences for instance nicely compliment Tudor Revivals Neo Colonials and ramblers from the 1950s Ornate wrought iron styles are wonderful for Victorian villas Italian Renaissance residences and Queen Anne abodes If you re considering installing an aluminum fence carefully consider your color choice Metal fences are available in a wide variety of tones Think about matching a particu
49. trong tight grain will also last 50 years or more Exotic hardwoods such as teak are quite expensive but they will probably last longer than 40 years Synthetic decks usually come with their own warranties which cover anywhere from 25 100 years Of course if you do not maintain your deck properly it will not meet these longevity estimates How much weight should this deck hold If you re hiring a contractor he or she will take care of the structural concerns for you A deck made primarily for walking and standing on doesn t need extraordinary supports However a deck with an inset hot tub is a completely different story when it s full of water and people a hot tub can weigh as much as a minivan A User s Guide to Fencing and Decking Materials Oooo www RicksFencing com Return to Table of Contents Wood Decking Wood was the original decking Te aS oe material and it s easy to see why ane k a m Wood is easy to work with fairly N x a Pi IEA Uf ee lightweight pleasant to the touch es aL and beautiful Assuming you use Jae n the right species wood is also strong enough to support a deck i Another benefit of wood is that it is easy to spruce up A worn down wood deck can be refinished to create an entirely new look A final advantage of wood as a decking material is that it is fairly low cost However there are also a disadvantages to using wood for decking projects As explai
50. ts of your deck synthetic materials just aren t strong enough to hold up so much weight Pressure treated wood is a good choice because it s stronger than the softwoods typically used in decking Remember your deck needs to hold its own weight dead weight as well as the weight of whatever is placed on top if it live weight Most city codes require decks to be able to support 50 pounds per square foot of deck Hot tubs are especially heavy one way to support them is to sink them into concrete moorings Your decking professional should be consulted for any structural concerns The best practice for deck footings is to use pressure treated ground contact posts set in concrete Since moisture is the number one problem with decks it s important to leave space for air to flow around all parts of your deck Wood must breathe in order to properly dry between storms Today many composite materials are long lasting but your deck will only last as long as your footings and framing A User s Guide to Fencing and Decking Materials Oo p www RicksFencing com Return to Table of Contents General Deck Building Maintenance Concerns Proper deck maintenance depends on the type of material you select To remain safe and pleasant to walk on a wood deck should be finished within 30 days or as soon as is practical following construction and it must be cleaned and refinished every 2 3 years If you re looking for a maintenance free deck
51. ty on labor and materials is standard in the fencing industry although additional warranties may be available through the manufacturer Check references What do past customers have to say about the contractor Are they pleased with their fences in the long term See if the contractor has a website where customers may post feedback Consider experience Many experts say consumers should look for contractors with at least ten years of experience installing fences Ideally the laborers installing your fence will also have at least five years of experience A User s Guide to Fencing and Decking Materials Oooo p www RicksFencing com Return to Table of Contents General Fence Building See which types of fences each contractor can build Your contractor should be able to install wood wrought iron tubular composite chain link and vinyl Of course you ll also need to find out whether each contractor installs the type of fence you want It s a good idea to ask how long your project should take Ascertain payment requirements Be wary if a contractor asks you to pay for the whole job up front after all what s stopping him or her from skipping town with your hard earned money Most fencing professionals ask for half down and half later Others require consumers to pay 30 upon placement of fence posts Make sure you understand the terms before signing any contract Probe into the contractor s expertise One of th
52. um or galvanized steel inserts for weak or extra long panels e Substantial heavy rails and posts and notched rail fastening systems e Thick walls on parts and reinforced sections if you anticipate extra stress on the fence such as horses leaning against it Your vinyl fence should require little or no long term maintenance aside from occasional cleaning An orange based cleaner such as GOJO works well A User s Guide to Fencing and Decking Materials Oo B www RicksFencing com Return to Table of Contents Metal Fencing Aside from stone fences metal fences are probably the style with the longest pedigree Wrought iron fences have been around for centuries Most of today s wrought iron fences however are actually made of aluminum steel composites or polymers These materials are lighter less expensive and much easier to work with than actual wrought iron Metal fences are quick to construct require little maintenance and look good in a variety of applications They make wonderful security fences since chain link and aluminum fences block would be intruders without blocking off views Finally metal fences typically feature strong gates latches and hinges which are often the first parts of a fence to wear out One downside to metal fences is their initial cost which is especially high for authentic wrought iron fences These are becoming so rare that many historic districts are putting laws into place to protect
53. y consumers wonder if e Extreme weather doesn t affect modern vinyl extreme weather makes vinyl fences This was a problem with early lines of fences weak and brittle vinyl fences but manufacturers now compensate for it and most offer a lifetime warranty Metal Rust squeaky or weak latches e Aluminum and zinc iron alloys do not rust and fasteners which makes them great latches and fasteners e Choose galvanized fasteners and apply a preventative coating Stone Freezing temperatures settling e If a crack appears monitor it for six months Place a piece of tape across it if the tape tears the crack is still moving If it s still moving six months later contact a fencing contractor e Moisture can cause white deposits to appear A User s Guide to Fencing and Decking Materials O www RicksFencing com Return to Table of Contents General Fence Building Checklist How to Choose a Fencing Contractor Check around It doesn t hurt to get estimates from several contractors that way you can compare prices and offerings You may also choose to contact your local Better Business Bureau Make sure a contractor is legit by checking into whether they have a physical location for their business Also check to see if they are licensed i e they have no outstanding violations with the city bonded and insured Make sure your contractor also knows your local fencing laws Compare warranties A 90 day warran
54. you should choose a synthetic material Here are a few maintenance isues to take into account e Tints do more than bring a splash of color to your deck they also contain UV absorbing chemicals to protect the wood from sun damage e Use a stain pad or a stain pad sprayer to apply the stain to the deck This helps push the stain deep into the wood If you use a sprayer wipe up extra puddles with the pad to make sure you have an even application e Remove debris from the cracks in your deck Leaves and other detritus attract moisture which can damage wood e Do not use bleach to clean a wood deck as this will damage the wood e Clean up mold ASAP Mold is especially damaging to cedar so you should be sure you clean up any mold right away Additionally all decks need to be carefully washed every 2 3 years Your deck will be exposed to moisture from the elements and moisture attracts fungi and mold which must be removed to protect the structural integrity of the deck A User s Guide to Fencing and Decking Materials a www RicksFencing com Return to Table of Contents General Deck Building Checklist Important Questions to Answer What is your budget Your answer to this question will determine which materials are in your price range Exotic hardwoods also known as ironwoods tend to be the most expensive while cedar falls in the middle of the range Composite materials typically require less maintenance down the r
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