User manual - Kardi Teknomo`s Tutorial
Contents
1. For example you want to distinguish elderly from normal pedestrians or you may include some percentage of pedestrians who are in hurry If you specify one category as 100 pedestrians with the other category 0 will not be generated In each category you can indicate whether there is only single maximum speed value or the maximum speed is also distributed normally with some mean and standard deviation You can use the scroll bars to help you specify the value or you can type the values in the text boxes 3 Space The space Tab is related to the Calibration dialog It is to specify where and how the pedestrians are generated The locations of origin points are generated randomly uniform or m Automatic Pedestrians Generator E Space to generate Distance of nearest generator to 5 0 meter the center of the Trap 4 b C Uniform Spatial Distribution ee a ie Normal Spatial Distribution More pedestrians in the midd std dev fio t ee Of trap width yes 50 of trap width x normal distribution spatially within the pedestrian generator without overlapping each other The location of pedestrian generator is determined symmetrically from the center of the pedestrian Trap Pedestrian e Pedestrian gararatar ganarator theft right K 4 Time x When pedestrians are generated automatically Time to generate by Micro PedSim the default value is all pedestrians are g2. join research discussion group about Micro PedSim enter your email address in that page and click Join Now button 2 INSTALLATION OF Micro PedSim 2 Micro PedSim1_3 Setup g zi 1 Download SetUp zip from Micro PedSim page 2 Unzip the SetUp zip file Setup cannot install system files or update shared Files if they are in use into q temporary folder Sua we recommend that you clase any applications you may 3 Select Setup exe and press enter or double click 4 Click OK and go to the next dialog Ep Welcome to the Micro PedSin1_3 installation program Jo 5 You may specify other directory where do you want to install the program using Change Directory Begin the installation by clicking the button below button or you can directly proceed to step 6 6 Click the button on th t to start the set up Sean 7 Click Finish button CiProgram Files Micro Pedsim1 _ 3 Change Directory The software run under Microsoft a Windows 9x and above You need at least 500 MHz computer speed and 256 MB memory to simulate several pedestrians and higher computer speed and memory is needed to run more pedestrians ck this button to install Micro PedSimi _3 software to the specified gestination directory 3 RUN THE SIMULATION After you set up Micro PedSim you iol xi can run it from the start Menu of out Run Output Window Help Windows The starting window is PEC Tdredestran trap ES K sho
3. oo 4 meter Hassle SUSHI i 950 E msec 2 Maximum Acceleration if the pedestrian simulation is generated by auto generator this value will be used Mass la o75o 4 Alpha jozo 4 Move Forward When you use manual generator or from Beta i on 4 Avoid Callison your own data file this value will not be Chi jo 250 4 Repulse Away utilized Dose Mass Alpha Beta and Chi these parameters are the internal parameters of the force models Mass will influence all forces Alpha will influence only move forward force Beta affect only avoid collision force and Chi have only an effect on the repulse away force Please refer to author dissertation and papers for more explanation about the model and parameters 8 CALIBRATION You can calibrate the pedestrian trap and xj the simulation output in term of both time and Space Fedestrian Trap Size fio a E meter First you can specify the size of the pedestrian trap Pedestrian trap is the wae yo lt BT ed boundary of your study area For example B E if your study area is a pedestrian crossing then you may change the trap similar to o whole area of the crossing Time slice dt tehis aff second This number affects the numerical ioe UO me i Calibrate Close integration of the model The smoother your simulation will make your simulation run very slow but you might get quite detail results of the simulation Second calibration is the time slice dt After you change
4. the time slice width and the height when you push the Calibrate button the pedestrian trap size will automatically change 9 SIMULATION PERFORMANCES x Real time simulation performances are shown in the Simulation Performance form The detail of Average Instantaneous simulation performance can be saved into text Total Pedestrians person file To save the performance files see section Instantaneous Speed E 433 ri Sec about Reporting Instantaneous Delay 0 03 FEC Uncomtortabiliky Er Neighborhood index The Simulation Performance form which can be aie alle called through menu Output Performance or Uniformity Welocity press a function key F7 consists of two real time report Average Instantaneous and System Performance The Average Instantaneous System Ferormances performances are the average of measurements at oT ra ails a71 person that particular time of the simulation For Average Speed TMS E re Sec Aeeoe Dele s example if at this moment there are 7 pedestrians Uncomfortability 218 E in the traps then the Average Instantaneous will Dissipation time A SBC report the average performances over these seven Homogenity NHI pedestrians Instantaneous speed delay and Uniformity Velocity NUW jh 059 uncomfortability index are respectively the speed delay and uncomfortability at this moment of all pedestrians in the trap Homogeneity is the average performance of neighborhood indices It measur
5. Micro PedSim User Manual Version 1 3 By Kardi Teknomo Ph D 1 INTRODUCTION Welcome to Micro PedSim an innovative research tool to study the movement behavior of pedestrians through microscopic pedestrian traffic simulation Micro PedSim gives you the power to visualize and simulate pedestrian interaction and behavior microscopically It also presents links between microscopic level of individual behaviors of pedestrians and macroscopic level of pedestrians traffic analysis Pedestrians can be generated either by manually through text file or automatically in either randomly distributed or systematic way Experiments can be constructed through variation of parameters specification The simulation can also be calibrated in term of time and space The performance output of the simulation can be shown in either real time simulation or can be reported as files for further analysis This manual is an introduction to the basic features of Micro PedSim It is not intended to be a comprehensive discussion on the entire tools and the models Readers should refer to papers and dissertation of the author and other researchers in the discussion group for more complete information The latest version of Micro PedSim is still under development Your valuable input and support would be welcome Please report any bugs or error to the author The software can be downloaded for free in http www plan civil tohoku ac 1p kardi download htm To
6. ain menus Input Run Output Window and Help Each main menu has several sub menus or sub sub menus Sub menus that contain symbol will show a form or dialog to user Shortcut using Control and a letter together or a function key 1s also provided for each sub menu Te Te ou af l E Manual Generator Cbl Mi an Stat FS Performance F7 alm Auto Generator Clit A ml Pause F6 Reporting Chri p Pararneters Chi F m slmulation Speed Clrl yy shin Trap Fa E Show Carly f it E Calibration Cirl C mn Options p Faces Cirl F Window Exit Girl Tile Vertical Tile Horizontal Help contents F1 m Cacade About Micro PedSim Help
7. an at each time slice Notice similar warning to NTXY about the huge file 11 Pedestrian Trap The facility i e walkway is modeled as a two dimensional space where the pedestrian is moving around A part of pedestrian facility that the pedestrians can be seen 1s called a pedestrian trap It is the boundary of your study area Each pedestrian has origin and destination places The origin and the destination of the pedestrian are always within the pedestrian trap when a pedestrian is generated by manual operation When a pedestrian is generated automatically by the program the pedestrian is always generated and attracted in a pedestrian generator A pedestrian generator is a rectangular area located outside the pedestrian trap where the pedestrians appear in some point of time The origin point of the pedestrian is inside a pedestrian generator while the destination point is in another pedestrian generator The location of the origin point inside the pedestrian generator is determined using uniform random distribution When a pedestrian reaches the location near the destination point the pedestrian will disappear When the pedestrians are generated automatically by the program all pedestrians are generated at the same time before the simulation The locations of origin points are generated randomly uniform or normal distribution spatially within the pedestrian generator without overlapping each other You can set the size of the pedestri
8. an trap in Calibration dialog If you feel the size of the trap too small or too big visually you can change the pedestrian trap form by dragging its edge left or right The visual size of the trap will not affect the result of the simulation because the coordinate will eventually change as you change the size of the form By default the pedestrian trap is always shown but if you close it accidentally you can see it again by menu Output Show Trap or press function key F3 12 Forces X Just in case you want to experiments with the forces and calibrate parameters inside the models you may specify which individual force will be included in the simulation Il Repulse Away by using menu Run Option Force or Ctrl F a Close W Avoid Collision Forward force is the motivation to go ahead Without this force the pedestrian will not move from origin to the destination Input Parameters mass and alpha are influencing the forward force Repulse away Avoid collision forc Repulse away force is the motivation to go away from other pedestrians This force is useful for avoiding when pedestrian meet each other from a distance The force is also 10 used for overtaking if several pedestrians have the same way and the back pedestrian has faster speed Input parameters mass and chi are related to this force In case of high pedestrian traffic density or when the pedestrians are closed to each other the repulse away force is not strong enough t
9. enerated at the same time before the simulation This specification will C Generate all before simulation begin make sure that the simulation will stop after some time when there is no more pedestrian in the trap f Use headway probability distribution You may specify that pedestrians are generated E using certain time headway distribution F Normal Distibution uniform exponential or normal Specify the Time headway generator time headway distribution using its mean and Mean enog 4 L L standard deviation parameters Std Dev 48 00 4 i Uniform Distribution 7 INPUT PARAMETERS The parameters of the simulation can be specified using the Input Pedestrians Parameters dialog that called using menu Input Parameters or pressing Ctrl P together Pedestrian diameter Since the model of a pedestrian is a circle it is specified using diameter The default value is 60 cm measured from left shoulder to the right shoulder Influence diameter is the boundary of uneasy feeling for pedestrian When other unfamiliar pedestrians enter her influence diameter our pedestrian agent feels insecure and deviate the movement accordingly The influence radius also gives a nice way to visualize the pedestrians movement and interaction without bumping or collide x Sight distance how far the pedestrian Pedestrian Diameter lo bo 4 meter i Influence Diameter 1 67 4 ee can see other pedestrians or obstruction Sight Distance r
10. es in the neighborhood the number of pedestrian who has the same way with the agent compare to the total number of pedestrian in the neighborhood The neighborhood is defined as 2 times influence radius The individual value of Homogeneity index NHI is 1 if all neighbors are the same way with the actor and zero if the actor is alone Similar to homogeneity the uniformity velocity NUVI is also the average performance of neighborhood indices It is the ratio of norm of the difference velocities between the actor agent and the other pedestrians in the neighborhood compare with the norm velocity of the actor agent itself If all pedestrians have the same velocity and direction the index will be zero If the average velocity of other pedestrians is higher than the actor s velocity but the same direction the index is between 0 and 1 If most other pedestrians are against the actor s way their velocity are negative the index will be bigger than 1 The system performance is the time average of the Average Instantaneous performances except the dissipation time The dissipation time is calculated from the first pedestrian who enters the trap until the last pedestrian who goes out of the trap If the time of the first pedestrian who enters the trap is recorded as well as the last pedestrian who goes out of the trap the dissipation time is simply the time difference between the last and the first recorded time 10 REPORTING If you want to do
11. further analysis using the result of the simulation you need to specify the type of report you want Micro PedSim to produce as text files To specify the type of report you want to produce click menu Output Reporting or press Ctrl R Basically there are 4 types of report that Micro af a Reporting l 2 PedSim can generate start NT Database N Tet tet NTXY Database is the lowest System Performance System tet level and transferable to any further analysis of the simulation NTXY database is simply record M start Instantaneous Performance Instant tet of the pedestrian number N time T and the coordinate Close location X Y of the pedestrians in the trap at any time slice It is also sometimes useful to view back the simulation if necessary using NTXY viewer program When the simulation running quite a long time and you are specifying to report this text file it may produce a very huge database Please make sure that you have enough hard disk space The System Performance is the time average of the Average Instantaneous performances as explain in the Simulation Performance section It is recorded at the end of the simulation when the simulation stopped Average instantaneous performance is recorded at each time slice It is the mean of instantaneous performance at one particular time as explained in the Simulation Performance section Instantaneous performance is the performance of each pedestri
12. location A blue line will follow the movement of the mouse in the pedestrian trap from the place you click first Locate the destination place of the pedestrian and click again The line turns to red color If you do not satisfy with this choice of location simply start to locate again the place where the pedestrian originated and the destination your last choice will not be recorded Or else go to next step Once you satisfy peeo with the choice of origin and destination location back to the Manual ee _ To create the pedestrian manually click in the trap to locate the starting position second click Pedestr1 an to locate the destination Then push the Create This Pedestrian button Generator Dialog Initial Position 4 0 46 m2 12 Press Create This Pedestrian button to generate this pedestrian A circle is created in the pedestrian trap form Repeat step b to h to specify other pedestrians Pedestrian Number 1 1s created and specify the Target Position 1 Jagd W502 F initial velocity a poo foo EM Save Pedestrians 4 t 4 t DE speed Maximum Speed 4 B aee Load Pedestrians d maximum _ Ea Lost etesen al Maximum Acceleration 1 440 4 misec 2 acceleration If you want to save the pedestrian data that have you have made click Save Pedestrian button Later you can use this data using Load Pedestrian button Once you have specified the pedestrian data you can
13. o avoid the collision Avoid collision force need to be added Input parameters mass and alpha affect this force 13 Visualization Options Show or Ctrl V you can determine the visualization of the simulation in the pedestrian trap You may specify the influence circle to see how the simulation behaves to avoid the collision or the sigh box to measure how far the pedestrian can see The acceleration and the velocity can also be shown as vector from the center of the pedestrian circle show options x Y Pedestrian Trap i x Sight Box Acceleration line red Velocity line blue TID number W Filled J Pedestrian circle Trace Path Don t Show Animation Close You may also want to see the detail of the ID number of each pedestrian or simply fill the circle with color to see the emotional level of the pedestrian Lighter color indicates that the pedestrian get more interaction and slowed down due to the other pedestrians or obstructions The pedestrian circle can also be removed Trace path option gives an alternative way to see the path of each pedestrian 11 If you do many experiments and want to x increase the speed of the simulation you may specify Don t Show Animation option The speed of the simulation can be controlled though menu Run Simulation Speed or press Ctrl W 14 MENUS Menu of Micro PedSim version 1 3 can be organized as shown in the figure below It has five m
14. r It has four tabs Time Space Max Speed and Ways Initial position x y in meter relative to the pedestrian trap Target position X Y in meter relative to the pedestrian trap Initial velocity Vx Vy in meter second Maximum acceleration in meter second square H Automatic Pedestrians Generator C 1 way fe 2 way Number of Pedestrian to be generated Total 20 4 a From Left side fio 4 r From Right side fio 4 t x 1 Number of Ways In this version of Micro PedSim a maximum of two ways pedestrians can be generated from right and left The left origin pedestrians have red to brown color while right origin pedestrians have light blue to dark blue color Darker color expressed the better emotion of the pedestrian The more obstruction a pedestrian face the relative current speed compare to the maximum or desire speed is smaller and color is lighter The total number of pedestrian generated from the left and the right side is specified in this Tab 2 Maximum Speed J Automatic Pedestrians Generator q o 4 2 Maximum Speed msec 1 775 st Category f Only one sass Distributed normally 2nd Category jo 4 t Masxinun Speed msec C Ony one 1 200 nsec f Distributed normally Mean 2 081 4 t m sec Std Dew 1 761 4 t msec Hax Speed x You may specify up to two categories of pedestrians based on the maximum speed in the Max Speed Tab
15. start to run the simulation A note must be specified for warning If you create other pedestrians in one session the data that you have created before have not been deleted from the memory and will be added to your data If you load pedestrian data all your current data will be replaced by the new set of data If you use manually generated data your pedestrian will always have color of blue Darker color represents the higher speed relative to its maximum speed 5 CREATE PEDESTRIAN DATA FROM TEXT FILE Once you have generated pedestrian data manually you may also want to create your pedestrian data using any text editor such as NotePad or WordPad The location of the pedestrian data is in your Micro PedSim directory a file name PedData pim The record of each pedestrian is in one row in the text file The data is separated by commas consecutively consist of Pedestrian number Maximum speed in meter second ie Once you have modify the pedestrian data file make sure that you have back up a copy of this data in another directory since any new manually generated data that you create and save will replace this file without warning 6 AUTO GENERATOR The default of Micro PedSim is auto generated pedestrians You may need to specify how Micro PedSim will generate the pedestrians automatically for you When menu Input Auto generator is clicked or Ctrl A is pressed Automatic Pedestrians Generator dialog will appea
16. wn as the figure on the right The ES default starting forms are Pedestrian TEE Trap and Simulation Performance Instant forms teal Height You can start to run the simulation pramo Unitor simply by pressing a function key F5 or using menu Run Start If you do not specify any parameter configuration the simulation will run with its default values You may pause the simulation either from the menu Run Pause or press the function key F6 Press F6 again to continue the simulation If you want to stop the simulation press F5 or from the menu Run Stop The simulation will automatically stop when all pedestrian generated have passed the pedestrian trap and reach their destinations To go out from the Micro PedSim use menu Run Exit or press Ctrl X 4 GENERATE PEDESTRIAN MANUALLY To do your own experiments about pedestrian behaviors you may specify your own pedestrian in the simulation Here is the step by step procedure how to make your own pedestrian data oo When you click menu Input Manual Generator or press Ctrl M together Micro PedSim will show the Manual Generator Dialog Click the handle top of the pedestrian Trap form to put this form on top Click in the pedestrian trap where the pedestrian will be generated When you move your mouse on top of the pedestrian trap the coordinate location fay 0 45 m 5 39 m 195 twips 2355 twips of pe ese 1s sown status bar to help you specify the correct
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