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Line Scan CCD Cameras

1. CRI CR2 CR1 CR2 CRLASI L CRLASI R OQ lt 5I CCD Readout Shift Regter 51 gt Of f 4 ft 4 SorageWell with Exposure Control and Reset Srudure ae oxy 41 N Pinned Photodiodes 7m x 74m 41 EH TCK yY vy v a v SorageWell_ with Exposure Control and Reset Qrudure er VPR y y y Yy yvy Y 5il CCD Readout Shift Register 51 Light shielded pixels 41 Isolation pixels CR1 CR2 N 4096 6144 or 8192 CR1 CR2 CRLASI L CRLASI R VDD _ VDD t 1 a Ost L RS L V TL V R RS R Wi Os Relative postion mi VOD R SR of package An 1 1 3 Camera Performance Specifications The following two tables list the camera s performance specifications The first table lists the operating ranges of the camera and the second table lists the performance specifications at minimum nominal and maximum gain levels at 1kHz data rate Note that as gain levels increase performance decreases because your signal to noise decreases Also note that the cameras performance specifications were obtained using a line rate of only 1kHz At low line rates dark current can become a significant source of noise and appears in specifications such as FPN PRNU and noise If you operate the camera at faster line rates such as 10kHz or greater the amount of dark current will be reduced by 10x or greater 03 32 00493 11 DALSA Table 1 Piranha2 Operating Requirements and Ranges Operating Requirements Power 1024 2 0
2. VPR Vv Vv y y y AA 51 CCD READOUT SHIFT REGISTER 51 CRIS CR2S CRIS CR2S CR1B L CR2B L CRLAST L CR1B R CR2B R CRLAST R VDD o n 1 VDD bd 1 ja AH P l Ei L VBB VBB OS RST L VSET L VSET R RST R ra OS3 1 Relative position OPL YOD T i of package Pin 1 EPE Light shielded pixels 41 Isolation pixels N 2048 or 4096 DALSA 8 Piranha2 User s Manual Figure 3 IL P4 Image Sensor 4k 7m 6k and 8k 2 tap models CR1 CR2 CRLAST OQ 51 CCD Readout Shift Regter 41 Ex r Sor ageWell with Exposure Control and Reset Qructure 41 N Pinned Photodiodes 7um x 7um 41 Y Y Y Y Y VSTOR Sor ageWell with Exposure Control and Reset Sructure PR VDD J VPR e a L y y y xo v H t 51 CCD Readout Shift Register 41 r s Light stielded pixels 5 ai Isolation pixels Osi ote oe VET CR1 CR2 CRLAST N 4096 6144 or 8192 VSS Relative postion of package Rin 1 Figure 4 IT P4 Image Sensor 4k 74m 6k and 8k 4 tap models
3. Piranha2 User s Manual DALSA 46 Figure 10 Piranha2 4 tap 7 um models Piranha2 User s Manual STANDARD 8K 4 TAP WITH STANDARD 4K 6K 4 TAP LARGE FORMAT ADAPTER WITH F MOUNT PIXEL 1 4K 28 16 0 18 6 Bw PIXEL 1 6K 21 00 0 18 y i Zz Q O lt put PIXEL 1 8K 13 83 0 18 Fore eee 19 1 2X aan o 1 M3x0 5 6H 4X 35 2x a abu f 7 0 DEEP P rar e a osua i i 8 E o M2x0 4 6H 4X A i 5 OF f 7 0 DEEP f d o 278 0 i 5 752 70 0 2X a a S lt si e _M72X0 75 ore euen 1 wi CONTROL j ky pen i S a oe a 46 81 2X lt o E O ome jo re p 78 0 2X Z lt o g A s stmus x POWER TE w 2 t E Fa 2 25 0 l a z a no WITH LARGE FORMAT ADAPTER pixet 1 8k 9 3240 18 5 6 2X M 32 8 2X m ry E ach ah m 2X t Q M72x0 75 6 omar el p 5 j i N toe aep 85 0 tL a j Q 13 0 Maxie ort 42 5020 18 p gt 5 0 DEEP SEL e i o 5 2X 61 0 2X 4X Ne 3 piy 4 f 10 0 16 0 3 5 1 6 56 0 25 722 9 2x OPTICAL DISTANCE 3 5 2X 69 0 2X ACTIVE AREA TO FRONT PLATE MOUNT SURFACE M3x0 5 6H 6 0 DEEP 4X 03 32 00493 11 DALSA 47 Piranha2 User s Manual 4 2 Optical Interface 03 32 00493 11 Depending upon resolution the cameras can be ordered with different lens mounts The following table provides this information Lens Mounts Came
4. PI RANHA P 2x xxx40 P2 4x xxx40 P2 2x xxx30 Line Scan CCDCanreras Camera User s Manual technology with vision Printed 3 29 2006 9 03 00 AM 29 Mar 06 03 32 00493 11 www dalsa com 2 Piranha2 User s Manual 2006 DALSA All information provided in this manual is believed to be accurate and reliable No responsibility is assumed by DALSA for its use DALSA reserves the right to make changes to this information without notice Reproduction of this manual in whole or in part by any means is prohibited without prior permission having been obtained from DALSA About DALSA DALSA is an international high performance semiconductor and electronics company that designs develops manufactures and markets digital imaging products and solutions in addition to providing wafer foundry services DALSA s core competencies are in specialized integrated circuit and electronics technology and highly engineered semiconductor wafer processing Products include image sensor components electronic digital cameras and semiconductor wafer foundry services for use in MEMS power semiconductors image sensors and mixed signal CMOS chips DALSA is a public company listed on the Toronto Stock Exchange under the symbol DSA Based in Waterloo On Canada the company has operations in Bromont PQ Colorado Springs CO Tucson AZ Eindhoven NL Munich Germany and Tokyo Japan All DALSA products are manufactured using the latest state
5. To quickly verify serial communications send the help command The h command returns the online help menu If further problems persist review Appendix C for more information on communications Verify Parameters To verify the camera parameters send the gcp command See section C6 Camera Parameter Screen for a complete explanation of the camera parameters screen Verify Factory Calibrated Settings To restore the camera s factory settings and reset the FPN and PRNU coefficients to 0 send the rfs command After executing this command send the gep command to verify the factory settings Verify Timing and Digital Video Path Use the test pattern feature to verify the proper timing and connections between the camera and the frame grabber and verify the proper output along the digital processing chain See below Generating Test Patterns The camera can generate a test pattern to aid in system debugging Use the command svm 2 to activate the test pattern The test pattern is a ramp from 0 to 255DN then starts at 0 again Use the test pattern to verify the proper timing and connections between the camera and the frame grabber DALSA 55 03 32 00493 11 Piranha2 User s Manual e No test pattern or bad test pattern May indicate a problem with the camera e g missing bit or a system setup problem e g frame grabber or timing Verify the presence of the LVAL and STROBE signals e Test pattern successful Run the svm 0
6. halogen light sources 48 help 23 hot mirror 48 illumination 47 IL P1 image sensor 7 incorrect line rate 56 input output 13 DALSA 84 03 32 00493 11 inputs Camera Link 16 exteranl sync 17 PRIN 16 interface mechanical 43 optical 47 serial 23 software 23 IT P1 image sensor 7 L LED 40 lens modeling 48 mounts 47 light sources 48 line dropout 56 line rate 21 27 28 72 setting 21 27 72 line statistics 29 LVDS 59 M magnification 49 mechanical interface 43 47 mode data 26 exposure 27 networking 64 video 27 model 30MHz 5 9 40MHz 5 9 modes exposure 27 operating 27 monitoring tasks 40 mounting 43 N network commands 65 networking 64 noisy output 56 O offset analog 32 calibrating 33 optimizing 31 70 71 subtracting 32 online help 23 operating requirements 8 Piranha2 User s Manual operational status of camera 40 optical interface 47 output mode 26 P performance 8 pixel statistics 29 power supplies 16 pretrigger 41 PRIN 16 PRNU 37 39 rebooting 41 region of interest 29 responsivity graph 11 roi See Region of Interest S sensor 7 alignment 47 cleaning 51 serial interface 23 settings gain 34 offset 31 pretrigger 41 restoring 25 saving 25 specifications electro optic 10 performance 8 startup 25 statistics 29 STROBE troubleshooting 54 stuck bits 56 T Technic
7. 03 32 00493 11 DALSA 4 Piranha2 User s Manual Note by default all monitoring tasks are enabled except voltage monitoring Example enable all monitoring tasks wed 0 1 Example disable EXSYNC presence wed 3 0 Temperature Measurement The temperature of the camera can be determined by using the vt command This command will return the temperature inside the cover in degrees Celsius For proper operation this value should not exceed 75 C Voltage Measurement The command vv checks the camera s input voltage and internal voltages during power up If they are within the proper range the camera returns OK gt Otherwise the camera returns an error message Note that the voltage measurement feature of the camera provides only approximate results typically within 10 They should not be used to set the applied voltage to the camera The purpose of this test is to isolate gross problems with the supply voltages 3 19 Rebooting the Camera The command rc reboots the camera The camera starts up with the last saved settings Previously saved pixel coefficients are also restored 3 20 Setting the Pre trigger 03 32 00493 11 A pre trigger may be required for some frame grabbers To set the pre trigger use the command Syntax sp i Syntax Elements i Pretrigger value from 0 to 15 Example sp 10 DALSA 42 Piranha2 User s Manual 03 32 00493 11 DALSA 43 Piranha2 User s Manual Optical Mechanical and Ther
8. 2 and 4 Tap models gt Jie o be ceecteeceeeeeeereeteeeeneees Ee Camera Link 4 Tao model only AN S a we OF eeeetenentetaterseeeceees gt Diagnostic LED See section 3 18 hererererenesesesreeesnresreseuuununu K 12V to 15V and Ground WARNING It is extremely important that you apply the appropriate voltages to your camera Incorrect voltages will damage the camera See section 2 4 for more details 03 32 00493 11 DALSA 14 Piranha2 User s Manual 2 3 Connectors Pinouts and Cables The camera uses a high density 26 pin MDR26 connector for Camera Link control signals data signals and serial communications and a 6 pin Hirose connector for power i3 MD R26 Female i Base Medium and Full Configuration Medium and Full Configuration Only 26 14 Mating Part 3M 334 31 series Cable 3M 14X26 SZLB X X X 0LC Table 3 Camera Link Medium and Full Configuration Medium and Full Configurations Up to an additional 2 Channel Link Chips Camera Right Angle Channel Cable Name Connector Frame Link Signal Grabber 1 1 inner shield Inner Shield 14 14 inner shield Inner Shield 2 25 Y0 PAIR1 15 12 YO PAIR1 3 24 Y1 PAIR2 16 11 Y1 PAIR2 4 23 Y2 PAIR3 17 10 Y2 PAIR3 5 22 Yclk PAIR4 18 9 Yclk PAIR4 6 21 Y3 PAIR5 19 8 Y3 PAIR5 7 20 100 ohm PAIR6 20 7 terminated PAIR6 8 19 Z0 PAIR7 21 6 ZO PAIR7 9 18 Z1 PAIR8 22 5 Z1 PAIR8 10 17 Z2 PAIR9 23 4 Z2 PAIR9 11 16 Zclk PAIR1
9. Pre triqeer caccara 4 Optical Mechanical and Thermal Considerations 43 4 1 Mechanical Interface seeesccssssssssssssscssssssccssccssssssessscssssesssssssesecsssssssssessesssssusssssssessssssssssessssesscessessssesssssssssssseesesess 4 2 Optical Interface ASCON Enana aaa a CCD Handling Instructions 51 5 1 Electrostatic Discharge and the CCD Sensor ssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssasssssssisisssssnsssssssssssssssnsssssess 51 5 2 Protecting Against Dust Oil and ScratcheS sssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssstsnssssssssissssssssssssssssssess 51 5 3 Clatining the Sensor Window zesoen 52 Troubleshooting 53 6 1 Common SolUutions ssssssssssssssssssssssssssssscsssssssssssssesssssnsssssesceccsseusussssssnsssssceccessesusssssssssssssseeccssssuuuasssssssesseceeceseses 53 6 2 Troubleshooting Using the Serial Interfoce esssssssssssssssscssssssssssessssssssscsssssesesesssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssset 54 C3 SpOcitic SOTONE souna A n Sst cd ASSASAAAA AA AAA ea g 56 G AiProduich Support E 58 Camera Link Reference 59 EMC Declaration of Conformity 61 Communications Protocol 63 TEP FORO COL OVENI EW nen N EEE tats 63 C Proto PEA UTES a a a NRS C3 Command Format and Examples CA Nest eor betray ModE siuii RAREN Ch Eror Handing snn aaa 67 C Camera Parameter Screen 70 C7 Commands DC Offset De rating Cu
10. The cep command is available only in calibrated mode svm 1 See sections 3 13 Setting Gains and White Light Calibration page 37 for details Analog Offset 0000 Analog offset value set with the sao or ccf command The ccf command is available only in calibrated mode svm 1 See section 3 12 Optimizing Offset Performance and Dark Calibration page 36 for details Digital Offset 0000 Digital offset value set with the sdo command Available only in calibrated mode svm 0 See section 3 12 Optimizing Offset Performance for details Calibration Status FPN uncalibrated Calibration status will change to calibrated after a ccf or cep command has been issued PRNU uncalibrated 03 32 00493 11 DALSA 72 03 32 00493 11 GCP Screen v System Gain Background Subtract Pretrigger Number of Line Samples Video Mode Data Mode Exposure Mode SYNC Frequency ETTINGS COMMON TO CALIBRATED AND UNCALIBRAT Piranha2 User s Manual Desctiption after a power up Calibration status will return to uncalibrated after camera reboot or a rpc or svm 0 command had been issued ED MODES 000 0 000 0 64 5000 4998 51 Hz Digital gain value set with the ssg command See section 3 13 Setting Gains for details Background subtract value set with the ssb command See section 3 12 Optimizing Offset Performance for details Pretrigger value set with the sp comman
11. Allowable values are 0 Uncalibrated video deactivated video correction 1 Calibrated video activated video correction 2 Test pattern right Notes To obtain the current video mode use the command gep 3 9 Setting Line Rate and Exposure Mode 03 32 00493 11 The camera s line rate synchronization is generated internally or input from a frame grabber host system With six different exposure mode settings the Piranha delivers many possibilities for flexible camera timing Table 9 outlines each of these six exposure modes and is followed by a full explanation on how to set the camera s frame rate and exposure time Table 9 Piranha2 Exposure Modes Programmable Line Rate Programmable Exposure Time Mode SYNC PRIN y at Description 1 Internal Internal No No Maximum line rate and exposure time factory setting 2 Internal Internal Yes Yes Exposure control OFF until a set command is sent 3 External Internal No No Maximum exposure time 4 External Internal No No Smart EXSYNC 5 External External No No 6 External Internal No Yes Fixed integration time To obtain the current value of the exposure mode use the command gcp When setting the camera to external signal modes EXSYNC and or PRIN must be supplied Overview Setting Line Rate and Exposure Time The camera s line rate synchronization can be generated internally through software commands or input externally from a frame grabber host system To select how you want the
12. ROB NNN 26 BF Settimgithie Date Mode Sunn 26 dBi Setting ithe Video MOG zaa a 27 3 9 Setting Line Rate and Exposure Mode cscssssssssssssscssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssessssessssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssessssses 27 3 10 Setting a Region of Interest cescsssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssessesssssssesssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssesssssssssessseessseseet 29 3 11 Returning Video Information ccccsssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssesssseessssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssessessesssssessssesssssssssessseseses 29 3 12 Optimizing N L T AA A A 31 RARESA Genin AAEE 34 3 14 How to Calibrate the Comerd sssssssssssssssssssesssssssssssssssssssssssussssssssssssssessessssussssusssssssssssssssesessssssussssssssssseeeeceesees 35 3 15 Setting and Reading FPN Coefficients csssssssssssssssssseessssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssassesseseessssssssssssssssssssese 38 3 16 Setting and Reading PRNU Coefficients sccsssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssessesesssssesssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssse 39 3 17 Generating Test POMETNS i iississsiiessisisitississsiisssisisiisisosissierenisainsrsisisi i a E E 39 3 18 Monitoring the Camera a sscscssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssessssssssessssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssessssesss 40 3 19 Rebooting the COME ANN 4 DALSA 4 Piranha2 User s Manual 9 20 Seina the
13. command to correct for this See section 3 13 Setting Gains for details on the ssg command Example ssb 0 20 03 32 00493 11 DALSA 33 Piranha2 User s Manual Subtracting Offset in Calibrated Mode To subtract the A D offset from the video signal in calibrated mode only svm 1 prior to the PRNU correction use the command Syntax sdo t i Syntax Elements t Tap selection Allowable range is 1 to 4 or 0 for all taps Subtracted offset value in a range from 0 to 511 Notes e When subtracting a digital value from the digital video signal the output can no longer reach its maximum Use the ssg command to correct for this See section 3 13 Setting Gains for details on the ssg command e Available in calibrated mode only svm 1 Example sdo 0 100 Calibrating Offset To calibrate the analog offset use the command Syntax cao t i Syntax Elements t Tap selection Allowable range is 1 to 4 or 0 for all taps The line average in a range dependent on the current camera data mode setting 8 bit 1 to 100DN 10 bit 4 to 400DN See section 3 11 Returning Video Information for more information on line averages Notes This command sets offset in uncalibrated mode svm 0 Example cao 0 100 03 32 00493 11 DALSA 34 Piranha2 User s Manual 3 13 Setting Gains Optimizing gain in the analog domain allows you to achieve a better signal to noise ratio dynamic range than you would achieve by trying to optimize the
14. command to deactivate video correction Then run the g1 command under both dark and light conditions to retrieve a line of raw video no digital processing Under dark conditions with factory settings the analog offset value should be within the specified range refer to the user specifications Adjust the analog offset using the cao or sao commands Under light conditions you should receive a value Verify Voltage To check the camera s input voltages and internal voltages use the vv command If they are within the proper range the camera returns OK gt Otherwise the camera returns an error message Verify Temperature To check the internal temperature of the camera use the vt command For proper operation this value should not exceed 75 C Verify Pixel Coefficients To activate video correction send the command svm 1 Then use the dpe command to display the pixel coefficients in the order FPN PRNU FPN PRNU The camera also returns the pixel number with each coefficient End of line Sequence To further aid debugging the camera can generate an end of line sequence The end of line sequence outputs aa 55 line counter line average pixels above threshold pixels below threshold To activate the end of line sequence use the command els 1 To disable the end of line sequence use the command els 0 Use the sut and slt commands to set threshold values between 0 and 255 for 8 bit data modes or 0 to 1023 fo
15. connectivity standard between digital cameras and frame grabbers is long overdue and will become even more necessary as data rates continue to increase Increasingly diverse cameras and advanced signal and data transmissions have made a connectivity standard like Camera Link a necessity The Camera Link interface will reduce support time as well as the cost of that support The standard cable will be able to handle the increased signal speeds and the cable assembly will allow customers to reduce their costs through volume pricing LVDS Technical Description Low Voltage Differential Signaling LVDS is a high speed low power general purpose interface standard The standard known as ANSI TIA EIA 644 was approved in March 1996 LVDS uses differential signaling with a nominal signal swing of 350mV differential The low signal swing decreases rise and fall times to achieve a theoretical maximum transmission rate of 1 923 Gbps into a loss less medium The low signal swing also means that the standard is not dependent on a particular supply voltage LVDS uses current mode drivers which limit power consumption The differential signals are immune to 1 V common volt noise Camera Signal Requirements This section provides definitions for the signals used in the Camera Link interface The standard Camera Link cable provides camera control signals serial communication and video data Video Data The Channel Link technology is integral to the
16. gain Tap Piranha2 User s Manual Suggested Cause roi invalid starting or ending pixel index Memory test of external RAM failed DSP FPGA configuration failure DSP FPGA could not be placed in configuration mode gl gla cao cag ccf ccp timed out Current exposure mode requires external SYNC however SYNC signal not present DISC bus communication test failure Invalid sensor configuration read from DSP FPGA Invalid sensor configuration encoding on the board Sensor configuration read from DSP is different than one encoded on the board vv command result vt command result Not Used Analog offset calibration failure could not tune the analog offset to obtain targeted video level Analog gain calibration failure could not tune the analog gain to obtain targeted video level Camera setting will initialize to default settings since restore of USER FACTORY settings failed internal micro EE memory failure Contact your DALSA representative or Product Support if this error code is returned rus rfs attempted but settings were not saved Contact your DALSA representative or Product Support if this error code is returned Failure while writing pixel coefficients to EEROM I2C EEROM external to micro Serial communication fault 12C while accessing temperature sensor Internal communication protocol error Analog gain could not be calibrated because DALSA 69 03 32 00493 11 Error Codes Cod Desc
17. gain in the digital domain To set the analog gain mode use the command Syntax sg t f Syntax Elements t Tap selection Allowable range is 1 to 4 or 0 for all taps f Gain setting A gain value of 0 sets the camera to its nominal gain 0dB The specified gain value range is from 10 to 10dB Example sg 0 5 2 To set the digital gain following a background subtraction use the command Syntax ssg t i Syntax Elements t Tap selection Allowable range is 1 to 4 or 0 for all taps i Gain setting The gain ranges are 0 to 511 equal to a gain from 1 to 1 999 Use this command in conjunction with the ssb command Related Commands ssb Example ssg 1 15 Calibrating Gains Instead of setting the analog gain to a specific value you can have the camera determine the gain value by providing the camera with an average output level to use Note This function requires a constant light input while it executes This feature is beneficial for achieving a common output level for multiple cameras in a system 03 32 00493 11 DALSA 35 Piranha2 User s Manual To calibrate the analog gain Syntax cag t i Syntax Elements t Tap selection Allowable range is 1 to 4 or 0 for all taps Line average in a range dependent on the current camera data mode setting 8 bit 64 to 251 DN 10 bit 256 to 1007 DN See section 3 11 Returning Video Information for more information on line averages Notes e This function requires co
18. i is the analog offset DN When the optional parameter is provided this command sets the analog offset first to i before calculating the FPN coefficients range from 1 to 100DN for 8 bit data mode and 4 to 400DN for 10 bit data mode for the specified region of interest If value is left blank current offset values are used 4 After the calibration is complete you can save these settings and the PRNU coefficients to non volatile memory so they will be remembered after power down To do so issue the command wpe White Light Calibration White light calibration is more complex than dark calibration because the camera attempts to create a flat white image This calibration corrects PRNU effects as well as non uniform lighting and lens vignetting affects White light calibration requires a clean white reference The quality of this reference is important for proper calibration White paper is often not sufficient because the grain in the white paper will distort the correction White plastic or white ceramic will lead to better balancing There are several restrictions that must be met in order for the calibration to succeed 1 The camera is sufficiently sensitive to detect 60 Hz ambient light flicker which may affect camera performance and calibration results 2 The light level must be set so that all pixels are between 64DN and 254DN otherwise a warning will be sent stating that the camera could not calibrate all pixels to
19. line sequence on by sending the command els 1 Any deviation froma consistent value of these pixels 170DN 85DN could be an indication of the following e shorted bits e stuck bits e digital noise pickup on the I O cable e open connection To activate the test pattern use the command svm 2 Use the test pattern to verify the proper timing and connections between the camera and frame grabber To receive a complete line of raw video data without digital processing or test pattern through the RS232 port use the command g1 The returned data displays one pixel value after another and the minimum maximum and mean value of the sampled line Use this command to ensure the proper video input range Probe the output lines with an oscilloscope Disconnect the digital cable from the camera and check the digital signals at the output of the camera Ensure that the correct values are present Check all cable connections especially right at the connector poor connections or broken wires will cause randomly changing bits or stuck bits Horizontal Lines or Patterns in Image A faulty or irregular encoder signal may result in horizontal lines due to exposure time fluctuations ensure that your exposure time is regular If you have verified that your exposure time is consistent and patterns of low frequency intensity variations still occur ensure that you are using a DC or high frequency light source DALSA 58 6 4 Product Support I
20. lines of video data The number of lines to sample is set and adjusted by the ess command The camera displays the Min Max and Mean statistics If you are using a region of interest the camera displays the statistics for the region of interest only DALSA 31 Piranha2 User s Manual To set the number of lines to sample use the command Syntax css i Syntax Elements i Number of lines to sample Allowable values are 16 32 or 64 factory setting Notes To return the current setting use the gep command Example css 32 To return the average of multiple lines of video use the command Syntax gla x1 x2 Syntax Elements x1 Optional parameter This sets the start pixel to display on screen Allowable range is 1 to sensor pixel count This value does not affect the Min Max and Mean statistics generated at the end of the line output x2 Optional parameter This sets the end pixel to display on screen Allowable range is 1 to sensor pixel count This value does not affect the Min Max and Mean statistics generated at the end of the line output Notes e If you do not specify a pixel range to display the line output will display all sensor pixels on screen e Ifa region of interest has been set using the roi command the Min Max and Mean statistics at the end of the line output include statistics for the region of interest only e If you are using the 4 tap model and your region of interest is in one half
21. lt _ twSYNC_ INT BE ore a m aus 4 twFixed Int t coo 2 5 on ff l i if tREADOUT gt LINE VALID ff ff DATA DOO DOCO DOQOOOOORO00000T DOOOO00Nd DALSA Table 6 Piranha2 40MHz Timing Fixed Integration Mode Symbol twSYNC twSYNCemart twSYNC_INT twSYNC_INT SMART tLINE PERIOD tur tTransfer twFixed Int tREADOUT tOVERHEAD thPR Definition The minimum low width of the EXSYNC pulse when not in SMART EXSYNC mode The minimum low width of the EXSYNC pulse when in SMART EXSYNC modes to guarantee the photosites are reset The minimum width of the high pulse when the SMART EXSYNC feature is turned off Is the integration time when the SMART EXSYNC feature is available and turned on Note that the minimum time is necessary to guarantee proper operation The minimum and maximum line times made up of tTransfer tREADOUT plus tOVERHEAD to meet specifications The time from the reception of the falling edge of EXSYNC to the rising edge of LVAL when pretrigger is set to zero Pretrigger reduces the number of clocks to the rising edge of LVAL but doesn t change the time to the first valid pixel If the fixed integration time mode of operation is available and selected then the integration time is added to the specified value Fixed Integration Time mode of operation for variable exsync frequency Is
22. measurements are valid for front plate temperatures in still air e All measurements used a Tungsten halogen light source 3200K bulb temp and 750nm cutoff filter All specifications for the 30MHz model are preliminary 2 Due to FPN PRNU correction calculations certain digital numbers will be unavailable when outputting 10 bits with FPN PRNU correction 3 Measured at front plate The corresponding ambient temperature range with still air is 0 C 37 C 4 Measurements taken at maximum line rates 03 32 00493 11 DALSA Notes wo Notes N Oo Fe A 03 32 00493 11 Piranha2 User s Manual 5 Exposure control enabled to set the maximum integration time to 200 microseconds 6 Refer to Appendix D for DC Offset de rating curves Figure 5 P2 Responsivity Responsivity Nominal Gain 10um pixels 24 Hm p 20 16 7um pix co A Responsivity IDN rj am N 0 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 Wavelength nm DALSA 13 Piranha2 User s Manual Camera Hardware Interface 2 1Installation Overview In order to set up your camera you should take these steps 1 Connect Camera Link cables from camera to framegrabber 2 Connect power You must also set up the other components of your system including light sources frame grabbers camera mounts heat sinks host computers optics encoders and so on 2 2 Input Output ee Pree gt Camera Link
23. or memory may be corrupted Steady GREEN 4 OK Healthy Note When more than one condition is active the LED indicates the condition with the highest priority Error and warning states are accompanied by corresponding messages further describing the current camera status Monitoring Tasks The camera enters a warning state when any of camera s continuously running monitoring tasks detects a failure Use the wed i i command where the first parameter is the monitoring task and the second parameter is the enable or disable value to display the status of all the defined monitory tasks if no parameter is passed and or to enable disable specific monitoring tasks Note If you are performing defect detection down to a single pixel enabling monitoring tasks is not advisable because monitoring can occur during active video and could potentially provide erroneous data The following table lists the monitoring tasks Monitoring Cod MONITORING TASK DESCRIPTION task number e 0 All Enable disable all monitoring tasks 1 1 Voltage Monitoring Monitors all camera voltages 2 2 Temperature Monitoring Monitors camera temperature 3 4 External SYNC presence Monitors presence of external SYNC 4 8 External PRIN presence Monitors presence of external PRIN 5 16 Gain Out Of Spec Monitors current setting of analog Monitoring gain 6 32 Line Rate Bellow 1 Khz Monitors current line rate Value Function 0 Disable selected task 1 Enable selected task
24. p 2048 2 40 p 4096 7um 2 40 p 4096 10um 2 o p 4096 10um 4 o p 6144 2 40 p 8192 2 40 p Power Supply Current Vin 12V 1024 2 0 p 2048 2 40 p 4096 2 40 p 4096 10um 2 o p 4096 10um 4 o p 6144 2 40 p 8192 2 40 p Time to power up typ Time to calibrate FPN PRNU 1024 2048 4096 6144 8192 Specification Data Rate per tap 40 MHz model 30 MHz model Specification Line Rate 1024 2 0 p 2048 2 0 p 2048 4 0 p 4096 2 0 p 4096 4 o p 6144 20 p 6144 4 0 p 8192 20 p 8192 4 0 p Temperature Front plate Temperature Units ar sec sec sec sec sec sec Units MHz MHz Units kHz kHz kHz kHz kHz kHz kHz kHz kHz C Min 40 30 Min pPrPrRPRP Ae e E Piranha2 User s Manual Typical Notes 6 6 85 6 85 9 11 7 95 75 10 480 500 700 500 690 750 900 650 850 680 900 15 10 19 38 85 115 Max Notes 40 MHz 40 30 1 Max Max 30 MHz 40 MHz 49 6 65 3 1 27 35 4 1 68 1 14 18 5 1 36 2 12 3 24 4 7 15 9 3 18 6 2 DALSA 10 Piranha2 User s Manual Specification Units Min Max Notes 40 MHz Temperature drift before C 10 recalibration recommendation Sensor Alignment x y um 175 Zz mm 0 25 z 0 6 Note that the environment conditions represent the state of the environment when the camera was being tested Typical results are the average values obtained with at a 1kHz line rate and 30 C M
25. the same level Use the g1 command to determine input level If the signal level is too low or too high adjust analog gain using the command sg 3 The variance in light intensity across the target must not be more than 4 to 1 Because the maximum per pixel digital gain is 2x the camera will not be able to compensate for extremely non uniform light These restrictions are all tested within the calibration algorithm and the camera will report an informal message code if any of these conditions could not be met DALSA 38 Piranha2 User s Manual To perform a white light calibration 1 Place a white reference in front of the camera 2 Verify that output signal level is within range by issuing the command g1 or gla valid range is 128 254 If signal level is too low or too high adjust the gain using the command sg 3 Instruct the camera to perform a white light calibration using the command cep The camera will respond with OK gt if no error occurs To perform a white light calibration with an analog gain value Use the cep i command When the optional parameter is provided the analog gain is adjusted to produce an average white pixel level that is equivalent to the parameter This command sets the analog gain first to i before calculating the PRNU coefficients range from 64 to 251DN for 8 bit data mode and 256 to 1007DN for 10 bit data mode If value is left blank current gain values are used 4 After the calibr
26. transmission of video data Image data and image enable signals are transmitted on the Channel Link bus Four enable signals are defined as e FVAL Frame Valid FVAL is defined HIGH for valid lines DALSA 60 03 32 00493 11 Piranha2 User s Manual e LVAL Line Valid LVAL is defined HIGH for valid pixels e DVAL Data Valid DVAL is defined HIGH when data is valid e Spare A spare has been defined for future use All four enable signals must be provided by the camera on each Channel Link chip All unused data bits must be tied to a known value by the camera For more information on image data bit allocations refer to the official Camera Link specification on the vfm dalsa com web site Camera Control Signals Four LVDS pairs are reserved for general purpose camera control They are defined as camera inputs and frame grabber outputs Camera manufacturers can define these signals to meet their needs for a particular product The signals are e Camera Control 1 CC1 e Camera Control 2 CC2 e Camera Control 3 CC3 CC4 e Camera Control 4 CC4 Communication Two LVDS pairs have been allocated for asynchronous serial communication to and from the camera and frame grabber Cameras and frame grabbers should support at least 9600 baud These signals are e SerTFG Differential pair with serial communications to the frame grabber e SerTC Differential pair with serial communications to the camera The seri
27. um 4 tap models Section 1 3 Camera Performance Specifications power and power supply current line rate specs Added Figure 1 IL P1 Image Sensor 1k 2k 4k 10 um 2 tap models to Chapter 4 Mechanical Interface Updated z tolerance from 18mm to 25mm in table 1 and Lens Mount table page 47 DALSA 83 03 32 00493 11 Piranha2 User s Manual Index 3 30MHz model 5 9 4 40MHz model 5 9 A about DALSA 2 applications 6 baud rate 26 bright lines 56 C cables 16 calibrating the camera 35 calibration dark 36 errors 38 overview 35 results 38 steps 36 time 36 white light 37 camera controls 15 60 Camera Link 59 command reference 63 commands descriptions 72 long form 24 parameters 24 short form 24 communications protocol 63 connector Camera Link 14 MDR26 14 power 14 cooling 43 D dark calibration 36 dark current 44 dark patches 56 Data Bus 17 data mode 26 debugging 18 39 53 digital data 17 EIA 644 Reference 59 EMC compliance 49 EMC Declaration of Conformity 61 end of line sequence 18 generating 39 environmental considerations 43 error handling 67 error messages 40 exposure mode setting 27 exposure time 27 29 EXRCLK 16 EXSYNC 17 setting 21 27 72 troubleshooting 53 F fiber optic light sources 48 filters 48 FPN 36 38 G gain analog 34 calibrating 34 digital 34 setting 34 H
28. 0 24 3 Zclk PAIR10 12 15 Z3 PAIR11 25 2 Z3 PAIR11 13 13 inner shield Inner Shield 26 26 inner shield Inner Shield Exterior Overshield is connected to the shells of the connectors on both ends 3M part 14X26 SZLB XXX OLC is a complete cable assembly including connectors 03 32 00493 11 DALSA 03 32 00493 11 Table 4 Camera Link Base Configuration 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 10 23 11 24 12 25 13 26 Base Configuration One Channel Link Chip Camera Control Serial Communication Camera Connector Right Angle Frame Grabber 1 14 25 12 24 11 23 10 22 9 21 8 20 7 19 6 18 5 17 4 16 3 15 2 13 26 Channel Link Signal inner shield inner shield X0 X0 X1 X1 X2 X2 Xclk Xclk X3 X3 SerTC SerTC SerTFG SerTFG CC1 CEIR CC2 CC2 CO3 CEE CC4 CC4 inner shield inner shield Unused pairs should be terminated in 100 ohms at both ends of the cable Table 5 DALSA Camera Control Configuration Signal CCl CC2 CC3 CC4 Configuration Pin EXSYNC O D PRIN 10 23 Spare 11 24 Spare 12 25 Piranha2 User s Manual See Appendix B for the complete DALSA Camera Link configuration table and refer to the DALSA Web site vfm dalsa com for the official Camera Link documents DALSA Piranha2 User s Manual Hirose 6 pin Circular Male Mating Part HIRO SE HR10A 7P 6S Pin Description Pin
29. AT 4 OPTICAL Axis _ POINT OBJECT DISTANCE OD Magnification and Resolution The magnification of a lens is the ratio of the image size to the object size DALSA 49 Piranha2 User s Manual oh where m is the magnification h is the image height pixel size ma h and h is the object height desired object resolution size By similar triangles the magnification is alternatively given by f m OD These equations can be combined to give their most useful form h f This is the governing equation for many object and image plane h OD parameters Example An acquisition system has a 512 x 512 element 10um pixel pitch area scan camera a lens with an effective focal length of 45mm and requires that 100um in the object space correspond to each pixel in the image sensor Using the preceding equation the object distance must be 450mm 0 450m 10um _ 45mm 100um OD OD 450mm 0 450m 4 3 Compliance 03 32 00493 11 The Piranha2 cameras have been designed for EMC compliance The test setup has been verified to the following EMC standards CISPR 22 1997 EN 50082 1 1997 EN 61000 4 2 6kV CD 8kV AD 1995 EN 61000 4 3 3V m 1996 EN 61000 4 4 500V 1100V 1995 Follow these specific guidelines to ensure best performance e Keep Camera Link cables as short as possible e Ensure that all cable shields have 360 electrical connection to the connector e Fasten and secure all connector
30. Description 1 12V to 15V 4 GND 2 12V to 15V 5 GND 3 12V to 15V 6 GND 2 4 Power Supplies The camera requires a single voltage input 12V to 15V The camera meets all performance specifications using standard switching power supplies although well regulated linear supplies provide optimum performance See the Performance Specifications for current requirements When setting up the camera s power supplies follow these guidelines e Protect the camera with a fast blow fuse between power supply and camera e Do not use the shield on a multi conductor cable for ground Keep leads as short as possible to reduce voltage drop See section 1 3 for power requirements WARNING It is extremely important that you apply the appropriate voltages to your camera Incorrect voltages will damage the camera Protect the camera with a fast blow fuse between power supply and camera Visit http vfm dalsa com for a list of companies that make power supplies that meet the camera s requirements The companies listed should not be considered the only choices Many high quality supplies are available from other vendors DALSA assumes no responsibility for the use of these supplies 2 5 Control Inputs Camera Link 03 32 00493 11 The camera accepts control inputs through the Camera Link MDR26F connector All inputs are optional The camera ships in exposure mode 1 maximum line rate and exposure time All Camera Control CCx signals a
31. IL STD 810E shock and vibration Description Piranha2 takes performance to a new level Two and four 8 or 10 bit outputs selectable at up to 40MHz deliver up to 160MHz throughput Available in 1k to 8k resolutions Piranha2 is small light and uses a single voltage power supply Cabling and interface are simplified with the Camera Link high speed serial standard The camera is sensitive but still provides quiet uniform output thanks to CDS correlated double sampling and embedded flat field correction algorithms Gain and offset are fully programmable for each output channel and the camera can output test patterns for cable system troubleshooting All resolutions provide appropriate readily available standard lens options C mount F mount and M72x0 75 large format photography standards All these features combine to make Piranha2 the most powerful line scan camera in the world Set it loose on your toughest imaging challenge Applications The Piranha2 is ideal for applications requiring high speed superior image quality and high responsivity Applications include e Electronics manufacturing inspection e Postal parcel sorting e High performance document scanning image lift e Narrow and large web inspection e High end industrial inspection 03 32 00493 11 DALSA Piranha2 User s Manual 1 2 Image Sensors 03 32 00493 11 The image sensor used in your camera depends on the camera s resolution and number of ta
32. M except pixel coefficients which are written using the wpc command DALSA 79 03 32 00493 11 Piranha2 User s Manual Appendix D DC Offset De rating Curve As of December 2004 all Piranha2 line scan cameras have been modified This modification has caused e The Charge Transfer Efficiency CTE of the sensor to be improved and e An increase in dark current at the minimum line rate and maximum gain This increased dark current is only an issue when the camera is using long integration times at the maximum gain setting or at high ambient temperatures Operating the camera at high temperatures or at low line rates with maximum gain impacts the camera s ability to perform offset calibration Figure 12 illustrates camera operating conditions and the associated limits for optimal offset calibration The offset values indicated are the values obtained after issuing the cao 0 5 calibrate analog offset command The plot shows the DC offset over temperature at maximum gain with the optimal offset calibration limit being represented by the Limit line The area under the Limit line shows the operating conditions where the camera s offset can be calibrated to camera specifications the area above the Limit line shows the operating conditions where the camera s DC offset is greater than camera specifications If you are operating the camera in this range you may want to reduce the effect of the increased dark current by e Adjust
33. NADA Date of Issue October 2003 Name and Signature Hank Helmond of authorized person Quality Manager DALSA Corp j P ime j This Declaration corresponds to EN 45 014 03 32 00493 11 DALSA 62 Piranha2 User s Manual 03 32 00493 11 DALSA 63 Piranha2 User s Manual Appendix C Communications Protocol C1Protocol Overview This protocol defines the method used to control the camera via a serial interface The communication protocol defines the command format used and error messages provided C2 Protocol Features e ASCII based Camera Serial Port Defaults e 8 data bits e 1 stop bit e No parity e No flow control e 9 6Kbps e Camera does not echo characters C3 Command Format and Examples e A carriage return CR ends each command e Values in square brackets are optional e There are two methods for entering the commands In long form each command is written in its entirety In short form only a predefined abbreviation is required The manual used the short form e The following parameters are used in the manual i integer float s string t tap x1 x2 pixel start and stop values e The camera will answer each command with either OK gt or Error x Error Message gt The gt is always the last character sent by the camera Command Format command_long short_form parameters CR 03 32 00493 11 DALSA 64 Piranha2 User s Manual Example to set the gain to 3 5dB
34. _set_sample css i Set number of line samples averaged for pixel coefficient calculations or for output of gla command Values 16 32 64 Factory setting 64 5 display_pixel_coeffs dpc i i Display the pixel coefficients in the order FPN PRNU FPN PRNU Optional pixel start and end values in a range from 1 to sensor pixel count 6 endof_line_sequence els i Set the end of line sequence 0 Off 1 On default value 7 get_camera_id gei Read the camera ID 8 get_camera_model gem Read the camera model number 9 get_camera_parameters gcp Read camera parameters 10 get_camera_serial gcs Read the camera serial number 11 get_camera_version gev Read the firmware version and FPGA version 12 get_fpn_coeff gfc i Read the FPN coefficient 14 get_line gl i i Get a line of raw video no digital processing or test pattern displaying one pixel value after another and the minimum maximum and mean value of the sampled line Optional pixel start and end values in a range from 1 to sensor pixel count 15 get_line_average gla i i Read the average of line samples Use css to set sample size Optional pixel 03 32 00493 11 DALSA 75 Code Parameters i integer float t tap selector 13 s string x1 pixel start 16 number x2 pixel end number optional parameter 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 03 32 00493 11 Command get_prnu_coeff get_processing_status get_sensor_serial
35. a exposure time use the command Syntax set f Syntax Elements f Floating point number in usecs Notes e To read the current exposure time use the command gcp e Ifyou enter an invalid exposure time the valid range of values will be displayed Related Commands sem ssf Example set 2100 3 10 Setting a Region of Interest The roi command sets the pixel range used to collect the end of line statistic and sets the region of pixels used in the cag cao g1 gla ccf and ccp commands To define a region of interest use the command Syntax roi x1 x2 Syntax Elements x1 Pixel start number Must be an odd number and less than the pixel end number x2 Pixel end number Must be an even number and greater than the pixel start number Related Commands cag cao gl gla ccf ccp Example roi 10 50 3 11 Returning Video Information The camera s microcontroller has the ability to read video data This functionality can be used to verify camera operation and to perform basic testing without having to connect the camera to a frame grabber This information is also used for collecting line statistics for calibrating the camera 03 32 00493 11 DALSA 30 03 32 00493 11 Piranha2 User s Manual Returning a Single Line of Video The gl command returns a complete line of video without digital processing or test pattern displaying one pixel value after another It also displays the minimum maximum and mean value of the l
36. ailable in CALIBRATED mode only Command available in UNCALIBRATED mode only Command not available in VIDEO TEST mode Suggested Cause Command executed without major error detected Internal software error trap Internal software error trap Command not recognized Command parameters are invalid or out of range ssf and set are allowed only in mode 2 ssf and set and in mode 6 set ccf ccp cao cag sao Sg DALSA 68 03 32 00493 11 Error Codes Cod e 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 274 28 Description Start value must be an odd number less than the even numbered end value Camera memory check failure Unable to configure DSP DSP configuration reset failure Get line process command timed out check for the presence of external signals DSP echo test error Invalid sensor configuration DSP Invalid sensor configuration ADC Sensor configuration mismatch One or more of the supply voltages is out of specification The camera s temperature is outside the specified operating range Not Used Analog offset calibration failure Analog gain calibration failure CRC check failure while attempting to restore the camera settings Camera settings not saved Pixel coefficients write failure I2C communication fault while accessing temperature sensor Timeout waiting for DISC SYNC to go LOW Unable to calibrate
37. al Sales Support 58 temperature 43 measurement 41 recommendations 40 test patterns 18 generating 39 54 timing fixed programmed 19 input and output 19 troubleshooting 53 DALSA 85 Piranha2 User s Manual V W video data 30 59 warning messages 40 voltage white light calibration 37 measurement 41 03 32 00493 11 DALSA
38. al interface will have the following characteristics one start bit one stop bit no parity and no handshaking It is recommended that frame grabber manufacturers supply both a user interface and a software application programmming interface API for using the asynchronous serial communication port The user interface will consist of a terminal program with minimal capabilities of sending and receiving a character string and sending a file of bytes The software API will provide functions to enumerate boards and send or receive a character string See Appendix B in the Official Camera Link specification on the vfm dalsa com web site Power Power will not be provided on the Camera Link connector The camera will receive power through a separate cable Camera manufacturers define their own power connector current and voltage requirements DALSA 61 Piranha2 User s Manual Appendix B EMC Declaration of Conformity We DALSA 605 McMurray Rd Waterloo ON CANADA N2V 2E9 declare under sole responsibility that the product s P2 2x xxx40 P2 4x xxx40 P2 2x xxx30 fulfill s the requirements of the standard s EMC CISPR 22 1997 EN 50082 1 1997 EN 61000 4 2 6kV CD 8kV AD 1995 EN 61000 4 3 3V m 1996 EN 61000 4 4 500V 1100V 1995 This product complies with the requirements of the Low Voltage Directive 73 23 EEC and the EMC Directive 89 336 EEC and carries the CE mark accordingly Place of Issue Waterloo ON CA
39. arameter is the serial number of the addressed camera DALSA 76 Code Parameters i integer 27 float t tap selector s string x1 pixel start number x2 pixel end number optional parameter 28 29 30 31 32 03 32 00493 11 Command set_data_mode set_digital_offset set_exposure_mode set_exposure_time set_fpn_coeff set_gain Short Form sdm sdo sem set sfc sg Parameters Piranha2 User s Manual Description Set the data mode of camera output to 0 8 bit A B C D ports single processor 1 10 bit A B C and D E F ports single processor 2 8 bit A B and D E ports dual processor 3 10 bit A B C and D E F ports dual processor Subtracts the input value from the video signal prior to the PRNU correction The first parameter is the tap selection 1 to 4 0 for all taps The second parameter is the offset ina range from 0 to 511 Use in calibrated mode only Set the exposure mode 1 Internal SYNC and PRIN max line rate and exposure time factory setting 2 Internal SYNC and PRIN programmable line rate and exposure time using commands ssf and set 3 External SYNC internal PRIN maximum exposure time 4 Smart EXSYNC 5 External SYNC and PRIN 6 External SYNC internal PRIN programmable exposure time Set the exposure time in exposure mode 2 or 6 Value will be a floating point number in secs Set the FPN coefficient The fi
40. ation is complete you can save these settings to non volatile memory so they will be remembered after power down To do so issue the command wpe Returning Calibration Results and Errors After calibration you can retrieve the results using the command dpe This function returns all the pixel coefficients in the order FPN PRNU FPN PRNU The camera also returns the pixel number with each coefficient To set a range for the returned coefficients provide an optional pixel start and end value Example display pixel coefficient from pixel 10 to 20 dpc 10 20 The command gep returns all other settings 3 15 Setting and Reading FPN Coefficients You can set or read an individual pixel s FPN coefficient To set the FPN coefficient use the command Syntax sfc ii Syntax Elements i The pixel number from 1 to the pixel count Coefficient value in a range from 0 to 127 Example sfc 10 50 03 32 00493 11 DALSA 39 Piranha2 User s Manual To read the FPN coefficient use the command Syntax gic i Syntax Elements i The pixel number to read Example gfc 10 3 16 Setting and Reading PRNU Coefficients You can set or read an individual pixel s PRNU coefficient To set the PRNU coefficient use the command Syntax spe i i Syntax Elements i The pixel number from 1 to the pixel count i Coefficient value in a range from 0 to 511 where PixelPRNU 1 lt 5 Example spc 10 50 To read the PRNU coeffi
41. aximum results represent the worst case results from any camera operating at 50 C with a 1kHz line rate 03 32 00493 11 DALSA 11 Piranha2 User s Manual Table 2 Pirahna2 Performance Specifications 1kHz line rate 40MHz Model Min Gain Nom Gain Max Gain BET R AE I EB T AE Environment Conditions gt Se a Aae Data Rate 40MHz model MHz 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 Line Rate kHz 1 1 1 1 1 1 Gain Setting dB 10 10 10 0 0 0 10 10 1 0 Front Plate Temperature AG 30 50 30 50 30 50 N E E E E E E Ie e E E Electro Optic Specifications 2 b fs S S Broadband Responsivity 7um pixels DN nJ cm2 3 34 3 8 9 4 10 7 12 30 34 38 Broadband Responsivity 10um pixels DN nJ cm2 6 68 7 6 188 214 24 60 68 76 Dynamic Range Ratio 496 1 207 1 390 1 62 1 135 1 Pk Pk Noise max DN 2 3 4 8 15 32 RMS Noise max DN 05 0 5 07 12 Deeps 4 FPN uncorrected max 4K and under DN 11 4 3 5 8 8 27 FPN uncorrected max 6K and over DN 16 4 4 8 14 ag FPN corrected max DN 03 2 1 2 2 8 PRNU uncorrected 1K and 2K ECD ECE DN 5 18 5 23 8 10 39 4k ECD ECE DN 9 28 10 28 Typ 2S 0 6K and 8K ECD ECE DN 15 38 16 38 14 2 55 7 PRNU corrected ECD ECE DN iss B S WA Sif PES BYf ff 2 ED 8 5 27 DC Offset DN 4k and under 2 3 5 5 7 17 6k and over 2 3 5 5 14 17 Notes DN Digital Numbers 0 255 also known as gray levels ECE Exposure Control Enabled ECD Exposure Control Disabled e All measurements taken in 8 bit output mode e All
42. camera s line rate to be generated 1 You must first set the camera mode using the sem command Refer to Setting the Exposure Mode on the following page for details DALSA 28 Piranha2 User s Manual 2 Then when applicable use the commands ssf mode 2 only to set the line rate and or set mode 2 or 6 to set the exposure time Refer to Setting Line Rate and Setting Exposure Time below for details Setting the Exposure Mode To select an exposure mode use the command Syntax Syntax Elements Notes Related Commands Example sem i i Exposure mode to use Factory setting is 1 Refer to Table 9 on page 27 for a list of available modes To obtain the current value of the exposure mode use the command gep ssf set sem 3 Setting Line Rate Camera must be operating in exposure mode 2 To set the line rate use the command Syntax Syntax Elements Notes Related Commands Example 03 32 00493 11 ssf i i Desired line rate in Hz Allowable range is 1000Hz to the camera s maximum line rate See Table 1 Piranha2 Operating Requirements and Ranges for maximum line rates e To read the current line rate frequency use the command gcp e Ifyou enter an invalid line rate frequency the valid range of values will be displayed sem set ssf 3000 DALSA 29 Piranha2 User s Manual Setting Exposure Time Camera must be operating in exposure mode 2 or 6 To set the camer
43. cient use the command Syntax gpc i Syntax Elements i The pixel number to read Example gpc 10 3 17 Generating Test Patterns The camera can generate a test pattern to aid in system debugging Use the command svm 2 to activate the test pattern The test pattern is a ramp from 0 to 255DN then starts at 0 again Use the test pattern to verify the proper timing and connections between the camera and the frame grabber End of line Sequence To further aid debugging the camera can generate an end of line sequence The end of line sequence outputs aa 55 aa line counter line average pixels above threshold pixels below threshold derivative line sum To activate the end of line sequence use the command els 1 To disable the end of line sequence use the commandels 0 03 32 00493 11 DALSA 40 Piranha2 User s Manual Use the sut and slt commands to set threshold values between 0 and 255 for 8 bit data modes or 0 to 1023 for 10 bit data modes 3 18 Monitoring the Camera The camera is equipped with a red green LED used to display the operational status of the camera The following table summarizes the operating states of the camera and the corresponding LED states LED state Priority Camera Condition Status Blinking RED 1 Error Fatal hardware failure Steady RED 2 Warning Monitoring task failure Blinking GREEN 3 Progress Lengthy operation in progress While camera is blinking green do not power down camera
44. d See section 3 20 Setting the Pre trigger for details Number of lines samples set with the ess command See section 3 11 Returning Video Information for details Current video mode value set with the svm command See section 3 8 Setting the Video Mode for details Current data mode value set with the sdm command See section 3 7 Setting the Data Mode for details Current exposure mode value set with the sem command See section 3 9 Setting Line Rate and Exposure Mode for details Current line rate Value is set with the ssf command See DALSA 73 GCP Screen Exposure Time End Of Lin Sequenc Upper Threshold Lower Threshold Region of Interest C7Commands The following table lists all of the commands available to the camera user The first column of the table lists command codes returned as first code from gps Parameters i integer float t tap selector s string x1 pixel start number x2 pixel end number optional parameter 03 32 00493 11 Code Command 0 calibrate_analog_gain 1 calibrate_analog_offset 197 950 uSec on 240 15 0001 4096 Short Parameters Form cag t i cao tr Piranha2 User s Manual Desctiption section 3 9 Setting Line Rate and Exposure Mode for details Current exposure time setting Value is set with the set command See section 3 9 Setting Line Rate and Exposure Mode for details States whether an end of
45. d spectral characteristics of objects being imaged exposure times light source characteristics environmental and acquisition system specifics and more DALSA s web site vfm dalsa com provides an introduction to this potentially complicated issue See Radiometry and Photo Responsivity and Sensitivities in Photometric Units in the CCD Technology Primer found under the Application Support link It is often more important to consider exposure than illumination The total amount of energy which is related to the total number of photons reaching the sensor is more DALSA 48 03 32 00493 11 Piranha2 User s Manual important than the rate at which it arrives For example 5uJ cm can be achieved by exposing 5mW cm for 1ms just the same as exposing an intensity of 5W cm for lus Light Sources Keep these guidelines in mind when setting up your light source e LED light sources are relatively inexpensive provide a uniform field and longer life span compared to other light sources However they also require a camera with excellent sensitivity such as DALSA s Piranha2 camera e Halogen light sources generally provide very little blue relative to IR e Fiber optic light distribution systems generally transmit very little blue relative to IR e Some light sources age over their life span they produce less light This aging may not be uniform a light source may produce progressively less light in some areas of the spect
46. ded Notes 4 and 5 Page 25 26 Mechanicals drawings Included specifications on the location of pixel 1 with respect to edges of the front plate On page 27 removed nominal from C F Mount chart and replaced with 0 18mm 1K 2k and 4K 2 tap Piranha2 cameras available Mostly minor text and spec changes plus replacing Doody with Helmond on EMC declaration Added note 4 on page 10 Added section 3 10 page 27 Setting a Region of Interest Added section 3 11 page 27 Returning Video Information Removed all references of the css command default being 128 and changed it to 64 On page 31 Calibrating Gains changed allowable ranges from 64 was 128 to 251 and 256 was 512 to 1007 Added error message 28 and 29 on page 64 Removed error message 20 Added informal message codes 32 and 64 on page 65 Added section C6 Camera Parameter Screen on page 65 In section C7 command table cag range is now 64 was 128 to 251 or 256 was 512 to 1007 ccp range is now 64 was 128 to 251 or 256 was 512 to 1007 css 64 is now the factor setting 128 was removed roi explanation expanded to include the roi influence on the cag cao gl gla ccf and ccp commands Added P2x xxx30 part number to front cover Added 30MHz info to section 1 1 Camera Highlights Added 30MHz specs to section 1 3 Camera Performance Specifications Added Note 1 on page 10 Added table 5 page 20 30MHz timing values Added P2 2x xxx30 to EMC Declaration of Conformity pa
47. f there is a problem with your camera collect the following data about your application 03 32 00493 11 and situation and call your DALSA representative Note You may also want to photocopy this page to fax to DALSA Customer name i a TT Customer phone number fax number Complete Product Model Number e g P2 21 xxx40 P2 21 xxx30 Acquisition System hardware frame grabber host computer light sources etc aes System software version OSs etc Control signals used in your Q EXSYNC application and their frequency or O MCLK state if applicable o PRIN Results when you run the get_camera_parameter command Detailed description of problem please attach description with as encountered much detail as appropriate Piranha2 User s Manual In addition to your local DALSA representative you may need to call DALSA Technical Sales Support North America Europe Asia Voice 519 886 6000 49 8142 46770 519 886 6000 Fax 519 886 8023 49 8142 467746 519 886 8023 DALSA 59 03 32 00493 11 Piranha2 User s Manual AppendixA Camera Link Reference Camera Link is a communication interface for vision applications For years the scientific and industrial digital video market has lacked a standard method of communication Both frame grabbers and camera manufacturers developed products with different connectors making cable production difficult for manufacturers and very confusing for consumers A
48. ge 61 Updated drawing in section 2 2 LED was referenced to section D13 which no longer exists It is now referenced to section 3 18 In section 3 16 page 39 and Appendix B All Available Commands table added equation for determining the PRNU coefficient for the spc command DALSA 82 03 32 00493 11 Revision Number 07 08 09 10 11 Piranha2 User s Manual Change Description Added the following note or similar to these sections While settings are being written to nonvolatile memory do not power down camera or camera memory may be corrupted 1 Section 3 5 page 25 second bullet 2 Page 36 middle of page in calibration section 3 Section 3 18 in the LED description table Blinking Green section Added revision history Fixed incorrect character in mechanical drawings Updated Colorado Springs address Added Appendix D De rating Curves Removed maximum DC Offset specification from Specification table in Chapter 1 and added note 6 to refer to Appendix D for DC Offset de rating curves Added 8k 30MHz model to Table 1 Operating Requirements and Ranges max line rate Table 7 Piranha2 30MHz Timing Added 4k 104m model to Section 1 2 Image Sensors Figure 2 IT P1 4k Image Sensor 2k 4k 10 um 4 tap models Section 1 3 Camera Performance Specifications power and power supply current specs Added 2k 4 tap model to Section 1 2 Image Sensors Figure 2 IT P1 4k Image Sensor 2k 4k 10
49. help region_of_interest reset_camera reset_pixel_coeffs restore_factory_settings restore_user_settings set_analog_offset set_baud_rate set_camera_id Short Form Parameters gps gss roi els re rpc rfs rus sao ti sbr i sci s s Piranha2 User s Manual Description start and end values in a range from 1 to sensor pixel count Read the PRNU coefficient Read the status of last executed command and coded value for all pending monitoring task warnings Read the sensor serial number Display the online help Set the pixel range for reading end of line statistic and for the region of pixels used in the cag cao gl gla ccf and ccp commands Pixel start and end values in a range from 1 to sensor pixel count Reset the entire camera reboot Reset the pixel coefficients to 0 Restore the camera s factory settings FPN and PRNU coefficients reset to 0 Restore the camera s last saved user settings and FPN and PRNU coefficients Set the analog offset The first parameter is the tap selection 1 to 4 0 for all taps The second parameter controls the digital analog convertor DAC ina range from 0 to 1023 that sets analog offset Offset increases with higher values Set speed of serial communication port Baud rates 9600 19200 57600 and 115200 Default baud 9600 Set camera ID The first parameter is a character A to Z or 0 to 9 The second optional p
50. her OK gt or Error x Error Message gt The gt is always the last character sent by the camera e The following parameters are used in the manual i integer f float s string t tap x1 x2 pixel start and stop values 3 3 Processing Chain 03 32 00493 11 The figure below is a simplified block diagram of the camera s processing chain The analog processing chain contains two elements a gain stage and an offset stage The digital processing chain contains the FPN correction PRNU correction background subtract and a system gain stage The software commands allow you to set and change all the elements of the processing chain This enables maximum processing flexibility depending on your requirements Analog Processing Digital Processing analog video digital video analog analog PRNU background system gain offset coefficients subtract gain digital FPN EE coefficients In addition the two elements of the analog processing chain analog gain and analog offset can be adjusted to separate values in the calibrated and uncalibrated modes For example the analog gain value can be set to 5db in calibrated mode and 6dB in uncalibrated mode When switching between calibrated and uncalibrated modes the camera automatically uses the corresponding value DALSA 25 Piranha2 User s Ma
51. hnical problem should be 1 Try the general and specific solutions listed in sections 6 1 6 2 and 6 3 2 If these solutions do not resolve your problem see section 6 4 on getting product support 6 1Common Solutions 03 32 00493 11 Connections The first step in troubleshooting is to verify that your camera has all the correct connections Power Supply Voltages Check for the presence of all voltages at the camera power connector Verify that all grounds are connected EXSYNC When the camera is powered on for the first time it defaults no external input required to exposure mode 2 5kHz line rate and internal Sync to trigger readout After a user has saved settings the camera powers up with the saved settings Note a warning appears when switching to exposure mode requiring external signals if external signals are not present EXSYNC or PRIN DALSA 54 Piranha2 User s Manual PRIN PRIN is an optional input signal used to control exposure control PRIN PRIN Indicates High Integration Low Pixel reset Data Clocking Output Signals To validate cable integrity have the camera send out a test pattern and verify it is being properly received Refer to section D11 Generating Test Patterns for further information 6 2 Troubleshooting Using the Serial Interface 03 32 00493 11 The following commands can aid in debugging The complete command protocol is described in Appendix B and C Communications
52. id data IMPORTANT This camera s data should be sampled on the rising edge of STROBE Digital Data The camera digitizes internally to 10 bits and outputs either all 10 bits or the most significant 8 bits in LVDS format on the Camera Link connector Note Due to flat field correction calculations certain digital numbers will be unavailable when outputting 10 bits with flat field correction enabled i e you will experience missing codes DALSA For information on the test pattern and end of line sequence commands see section 3 17 Generating Test Patterns 03 32 00493 11 Piranha2 User s Manual Test Pattern Pixels and End of line Sequence To facilitate system level debugging and verification of data path integrity the camera can generate a test pattern The test pattern is a ramp from 0 to 255DN then starts at 0 again Use the test pattern to verify the proper timing and connections between the camera and the frame grabber To alleviate post processing Piranha2 offers an end of line sequence that provides basic calculations including line counter line average pixels above threshold pixels below threshold and derivative line sum These basic calculations are the center of most automatic gain control AGC algorithms To further aid in debugging and cable data path integrity the first six bits of the output of the end of line sequence are aa 55 aa Refer to the table below Location Value De
53. ideo output is set slightly above the brightest pixel depending on offset subtracted For FPN dark light the value of all pixels must be between 1DN and 127DN For PRNU white light the value must be between 128DN and 254DN Use the g1 command to ensure the proper input to the digital processing Vinput White light calibration will gain up to maximum white light pixel plus the maximum FPN subtract pixel When performing any camera calibration random noise is minimized by averaging out up to 64 lines of valid data To adjust the sample line size use the ess i command where i is 16 32 64 factory setting A lower value reduces the camera s calibration time at the expense of increased coefficient error Calibration time Typical 1024 10 sec 2048 19 sec 4096 38 sec 6144 85 sec 8192 115 sec LED blinks green while calibrating IMPORTANT While camera is blinking green do not power down camera or memory may be corrupted Calibration Steps Overview 1 Change camera video mode to calibrated using the command svm 1 2 Set up the camera operating environment i e line rate exposure gain etc 3 Make sure there are suitable calibration targets The target to calibrate should be a flat field e g plastic or ceramic for white calibration 4 Set the calibration sample size using the command css see Returning Multiple Lines of Video page 30 5 Perform Dark FPN calibration see Dark Calibration on page 36 6 Perfo
54. ine sampled If a region of interest has been set the statistics are generated for the region of interest only Use this command or the following gla command to ensure the proper video input range into the processing chain before executing any pixel calibration commands To return a single line of video use the command Syntax gl x1 x2 Syntax Elements x1 Optional parameter This sets the start pixel to display on screen Allowable range is 1 to sensor pixel count This parameter does not affect the Min Max and Mean statistics generated at the end of the line output x2 Optional parameter This sets the end pixel to display on screen Allowable range is 1 to sensor pixel count This parameter does not affect the Min Max and Mean statistics generated at the end of the line output Notes e Ifyou do not specify a pixel range to display the line output will display all sensor pixels on screen e Ifa region of interest has been set using the roi command the Min Max and Mean statistics at the end of the line output include statistics for the region of interest only e Ifyou are using the 4 tap model and your region of interest is in one half of the sensor only taps 1 and 2 or taps 3 and 4 the values displayed on screen for the taps outside the ROI are a mean of the ROI line statistics e Values returned are in DN Example gl 10 20 Returning Multiple Lines of Video You can also return the average for multiple
55. ing the calibration target value higher to enable offset compensation to work For example cao 0 30 e Adding cooling to reduce temperature Refer to the Thermal Management section on page 43 for more information e Operating the camera at higher line rate and averaging or discarding the extra lines DALSA 80 03 32 00493 11 Figure 12 Worst Case Calibrated DC Offset vs Temperature and Exposure Time Worst case calibrated DC offset VS temperature and exposure time 80 70 60 e 999 usec 900 usec Z 50 a 800 usec 3 40 x 700 usec 5 x 600 usec 2 30 500 usec 400 usec 2 Limit 10 0 7 7 15 5 27 5 36 5 45 56 65 5 Camera internal Temperature C Notes Piranha2 User s Manual Camera ambient temperature is approximately 15 C less than the internal camera temperature Camera gain is 10dB DALSA 8 03 32 00493 11 Piranha2 User s Manual Appendix E Revision History Revision Number 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 Change Description Preliminary release Updated pgs 9 10 Added sensor alignment specifications of x y 175um z 0 18mm and g 0 6 Changed FPN uncorrected Max Gain 27DN Changed RMS Noise typ 1 2DN max 4DN Added Notes All measurements taken in 8 bit output mode All specifications are valid for the front plate temperature range of 10 C to 50 C in still air Ad
56. le camera messages unrelated to the executed command such as initialization and monitoring task messages use the command snm i Value Function 0 Enable messages default 1 Disable messages DALSA 67 C5 Error Handling Use the gps command to read the status of the last command executed Return values come in the following order 03 32 00493 11 Piranha2 User s Manual e Decimal number representing the code of the last command e Decimal number representing the error code for last command executed e Decimal value representing sum of all informal message codes caused by last command executed e Decimal number representing sum of all pending warning values from all monitoring tasks Example value returned following a ccf command gps 2 0 192 33 The returned value 2 0 192 33 reads as follows Command code correction_calibrate_fpn Informal message code 64 code 128 Returned value Description 2 0 Error code successful 192 33 Monitoring task message code 1 code 32 The following tables list the codes for errors informal messages and monitoring task messages Refer to section E7 for a list of all available commands Error Codes Cod e 0 Description Command executed successfully Internal camera error PIXEL INDEX Internal camera error RESULT CODE Invalid command Command parameters incorrect or out of range Command not available in current exposure mode Command av
57. librate the flat field coefficients when the temperature shifts by 10 C Note Upon initial power up the front plate camera temperature is near ambient It is recommended to perform flat field correction once the camera gets within 10 C of its DALSA 44 03 32 00493 11 Piranha2 User s Manual steady state temperature For Piranha2 at an ambient temperature of 25 C and with no airflow the camera takes 90 minutes to achieve steady state and 20 minutes to reach within 10 C of steady state If your system cannot perform flat field correction after warm up consider the recommended methods of reducing dark current and overall camera temperatures see below Reducing Dark Current The Piranha2 mechanicals have been optimized to transfer heat from the sensor to the front plate Therefore to reduce dark current the front plate is the ideal place to mount heat sinks The heat fins on Piranha2 improve conduction and provide a greater surface area for convection airflow Mount fans away from the camera to avoid vibration and direct the airflow on the heat fins to decrease the temperature delta between ambient and front plate temperatures Convection is the ideal method to minimize camera warm up times and reduce dark current generation Both methods either conduction through heat sinking or convection through air flow greatly reduce dark current and will improve your system performance DALSA 45 Figure 8 Piranha2 2 tap
58. line sequence is turned on or off Set using the eol command See section 3 17 Generating Test Patterns for details Upper threshold value set with the sut command Lower threshold value set with the slt command Region of interest size set with the roi command See section 3 10 Setting a Region of Interest for details Description Calibrates the analog gain The first parameter is the tap selection 1 to 4 0 for all taps The second parameter is a line average in a range from 64 to 251DN for 8 bit mode and 256 to 1007DN for 10 bit This command requires a constant light input and only works in uncalibrated mode Calibrates the analog offset The first parameter is the tap selection 1 to 4 0 for all taps The second parameter is a line average in a range from 1 to 100DN for 8 bit mode and 4 to DALSA 74 Piranha2 User s Manual Code Command Short Parameters Description Parameters Form T 400 for 10 bit This command E only works in uncalibrated float BENA t tap selector s string 2 correction_calibrate_fpn ccf i Start FPN coefficient x1 pixel start calibration Use css to set number sample size Values range x2 pixel end number from 1 to 100DN for 8 bit optional mode and 4 to 400 for 10 bit parameter 3 correction_calibrate_prnu ccp i Start PRNU coefficient calibration Use ess to set sample size Values range from 64 to 251DN for 8 bit mode and 256 to 1007DN for 10 bit 4 correction
59. mal Considerations 4 1Mechanical Interface 03 32 00493 11 The camera s electronics are housed in a ruggedized lightweight aluminum case See Error Reference source not found and Error Reference source not found Mounting The camera can be mounted using the M3 holes metric threaded on its base or top and on its front plate at the corners Environment The camera and cables should be shielded from environmental noise sources for best operation The camera should also be kept as cool as possible The specified operating temperature is 10 50 C measured at the front plate the corresponding ambient temperature range with still air is 0 C to 37 C Mounting holes refer above allow you to attach heat sinking Thermal Management For any CCD camera optimal performance is achieved by transferring heat away from the sensor Keeping a sensor cool reduces the amount of dark current generated Dark current is the leading contributor to FPN PRNU dark offset random noise and other performance specifications especially when a camera is significantly gained i e 10db Generally dark current doubles for every 7 C increase in temperature at the sensor and increases linearly with integration time Further variations in dark current cannot be compensated for with our flat field correction algorithms For this reason at high gains 10dB high temperatures 40 C front plate and low line rates it is recommended that you reca
60. mera with serial number abcd to 1 sci 1 abcd Note each camera must be polled following use of a broadcast command The Network Commands The network command is an ordinary camera command prefixed by a network prefix Network prefixes always start with the colon character and are followed immediately by the camera ID addressing a single camera on the network or space addressing all cameras on the network or a Broadcast command The camera replies to the network command only if it is addressed directly The last line of the camera reply error or OK message to the network command is prefixed with the ID of the camera Example return camera ID for camera a ta gci camera id a a OK gt Special Case Empty Network Command The empty network command is a special case of network commands If the last command issued was not a Broadcast command the empty network command will cause the addressed camera to output an OK message followed by the gt prompt and prefixed by the network ID If the last command issued was a broadcast command the empty network command is used to query each camera for its READY BUSY status Example empty network command issued a CR a OK gt Broadcast Commands and READY BUSY Status Broadcast commands are commands sent to all cameras on the network at the same time After a broadcast command is sent and before issuing the next command each camera on the link must be polled until a READY s
61. models PIXEL 1 1K 19 88 0 18 L PIXEL 1 14 76 40 18 1k 2k 10 wm 4k 7 wm 1K 2k 10 pm 4k 7 um PIA area 2TAP WITHC MOUNT 2TAPWITHF MOUNT PIXEL 1 4k 10662018 T f M305 GH 4X 60DEEP Ee MXL 45DEEP 3 i S nd 5 At L 56 1 ai 6K 8K 7 um 4K 10 pm 6K 7 um 4K 0pm PELLO 2208 20 38 A TAB ne LARGE FORMAT 2TAPWITHF MOUNT PEL 801388 PIT M305 6H 4X F 7 0 DEEP M204 GH 4X 8 o 70DEEP 8 Loo F N 780 ia 7 x M205 PIXEL 1 2K 32 26 0 1 M3x0 5 xx 6 0 4x k 7 0 DEEP T ta oo 32 5040 18 CCD IMAGING CENTER MBx0 5 50 aX i r 2 7 5 2x 03 32 00493 11 35 78 0 2X 2X 5 Figure 9 Piranha2 4 tap 10 pm models 2K Camera 4 PIXEL 1 4K 22 02 0 18 M3x0 5 6H 4X _M42x1 K Camera OPTICAL DISTANCE 65640 25 19 1 2X 3 5 2X 7 0 DEEP xx4 5 M2x0 4 6H 4X a i 58 0 wy 2X D o 8 i 65 0 I 46 81 X 78 0 2X IE 85 0 L 850 i j l i d Anan fn G0 4x l C l SSi WITH AMERA ASSEMBLY WITI RAS SEMEL airu F MOUNT LENS ADAPTER SCALE 1 2 SCALE 1 2 49 3 338 CAMERA SURFACE TO DIE SURFACE AIAN pea ange E SSS gm 2 Jon e ru ea Is A 1 32 0 2x M305 6H4X r 5 0 DEEP OPTICAL DISTANCE 6560 25 10 9 2x A CAMERA SURFACE TO DIE SURFACE
62. ndustry members including DALSA 03 32 00493 11 DALSA 03 32 00493 11 Piranha2 User s Manual Contents Introduction to the Piranha Line Scan Camera 5 Lamera Ridis ann 5 ATT RSSa nun Onn TPR ELESSE EEEE EEEE SE AA 7 1 3 Camera Performance Specifications sssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssscsescescsccsscccccsseccescescescesceceeceececcecceeceeceeeeeees 8 Camera Hardware Interface 13 2 finstallation OVE FV Wss Ssssssssssssissessisassisiscsisssseisisessississisisisissiissinsan ch A nA 13 O aeaa O E ceaaceoncoaecceseeaetg ee 2 3 Connectors Pinouts and Cables APOR a A 2 5 Control Inputs Camera Uo AAAA 16 2 6 Data Bus Camera Link c ssssssssssssssssscssscssssessscsssssssssessscssssesecssssssssssssssssssssessssessssssecssssssssssssssrsnssesssssessssessesssess 17 2 7 Timing 2 8 Camera Link Serial Communication cesscsscsssssesscsssssssesscssscsssecsssssssssessscssssssscsscsssssesecessssssssssesssssssesssssesssssessessens 22 Software Interface How to Control the Camera 23 DV COVEEVIGW sexttttttir sss ccccccscasscssc saasssceeceeccecsssats E E eT eaeeeenes 23 3 2 Command Formt sssssssccsssssssssssssssssssecsssssccscsssssssssssssssssssccscesessssssssssssssssccecesseussssssssnssssscecessssusssssssnssssseseeseesees 24 339 Processing Clea EEEE EE E E E E EN 24 A SO a A T EEEO 25 3 5 Staving cmd Restoring SENOS e 8888S Sees cc s SSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSAas Saeco Saath 25 FO semg Bood
63. nstant light input while executing e This command sets gain in uncalibrated mode Related Commands gla gl Example cag 1 156 3 14How to Calibrate the Camera 03 32 00493 11 Calibration Overview This camera has the ability to calibrate itself in order to remove non uniformity in the image This video correction operates on a pixel by pixel basis and implements a two point correction for each pixel This correction can reduce or eliminate image distortion caused by the following factors Fixed Pattern Noise FPN Photo Response Non Uniformity PRNU Lens and light source non uniformity The two point correction is implemented such that for each pixel Voutput Vinput FPN pixel digital offset PRNU pixel where Voutput digital output pixel value Vinput digital input pixel value from the CCD PRNU pixel PRNU correction coefficient for this pixel FPN pixel 7 FPN correction coefficient for this pixel The calibration algorithm is performed in two steps The fixed offset FPN is determined first by performing a calibration without any light This calibration determines exactly how much offset to subtract per pixel in order to obtain flat output when the CCD is not exposed DALSA 36 03 32 00493 11 Piranha2 User s Manual The white light calibration is performed next to determine the multiplication factors required to bring each pixel to the required value balance target for flat white output V
64. nual 3 4 Startup When the camera is first started it must perform several actions before it is ready for imaging This startup routine takes approximately 15 seconds and follows this sequence 03 32 00493 11 1 2 3 4 Initializes the camera and all internal hardware Loads the last settings saved to non volatile memory including the last set of video correction coefficients if previously saved Restores user settings if previously saved otherwise factory settings Performs a memory test and voltage test and reports an error if any occurred After this startup sequence is complete the camera will return either the prompt OK gt if no error occurred or an error code if a problem has been discovered 3 5 Saving and Restoring Settings The camera provides a number of commands for restoring storing and saving settings To restore the original factory settings use the command rfs The FPN and PRNU coefficients are reset to 0 To save all current settings to EEROM use the command wus The camera will automatically restore the saved user settings when powered up Note While settings are being written to nonvolatile memory do not power down camera or camera memory may be corrupted To save all current pixel coefficients to EEROM use the command wpe To restore the last saved user settings and the FPN and PRNU coefficients use the command rus Factory Settings User Settings EEROM Ca restore
65. ocation of these pixels changes with the angle of illumination 5 3 Cleaning the Sensor Window 03 32 00493 11 1 Use compressed air to blow off loose particles This step alone is usually sufficient to clean the sensor window 2 If further cleaning is required use a lens wiper moistened with alcohol or acetone 3 We recommend using lint free ESD safe cloth wipers that do not contain particles that can scratch the window The Anticon Gold 9 x 9 wiper made by Milliken is both ESD safe and suitable for class 100 environments Another ESD acceptable wiper is the TX4025 from Texwipe 4 An alternative to ESD safe cloth wipers is Transplex swabs that have desirable ESD properties There are several varieties available from Texwipe Do not use regular cotton swabs since these can introduce charge to the window surface 5 Wipe the window carefully and slowly 6 When cleaning long linear sensors it may be easier to wipe along the width i e as opposed to the length of the sensor DALSA 53 Piranha2 User s Manual Troubleshooting The information in this chapter can help you solve problems that may occur during the setup of your camera Remember that the camera is part of the entire acquisition system You may have to troubleshoot any or all of the following power supplies cabling frame grabber hardware amp software host computer light sources optics operating environment encoder Your steps in dealing with a tec
66. of the art equipment to ensure product reliability All electronic modules and cameras are subjected to a 24 hour burn in test For further information not included in this manual or for information on DALSA s extensive line of image sensing products please call DALSA Sales Offices Waterloo Europe Asia Pacific 605 McMurray Rd Breslauer Str 34 Space G1 Building 4F Waterloo ON N2V 2E9 D 82194 Gr benzell Munich 2 40 2 Ikebukuro Canada Germany Toshima ku Tokyo 171 0014 Tel 519 886 6000 Tel 49 8142 46770 Japan Fax 519 886 8023 Fax 49 8142 467746 81 3 5960 6353 phone www dalsa com www dalsa com 81 3 5960 6354 fax sales americas dalsa com sales europe dalsa com www dalsa com sales asia dalsa com DALSA Worldwide Operations Waterloo Colorado Springs Europe Asia Pacific 605 McMurray Rd 4820 Centennial Blvd Suite 115 Breslauer Str 34 Ikebukuro East 13F Waterloo ON N2V 2E9 Colorado Springs CO 80919 D 82194 Gr benzell Munich 3 4 3 Higashi Ikebukuro Canada USA Germany Toshima ku Tokyo 170 0013 Tel 519 886 6000 Tel 719 599 7700 Tel 49 8142 46770 Japan Fax 519 886 8023 Fax 719 599 7775 Fax 49 8142 467746 Tel 81 3 5960 6353 www dalsa com www dalsa com www dalsa com Fax 81 3 5960 6354 fax sales americas dalsa com _sales americas dalsa com sales europe dalsa com www dalsa com sales asia dalsa com Camera Link is a trademark registered by PULNiX America Inc as chair of a committee of i
67. of the sensor only taps 1 and 2 or taps 3 and 4 the values displayed on screen for the taps outside the ROI are a mean of the ROI line statistics e Values returned are in DN Example gl 10 20 3 12 Optimizing Offset Performance Optimizing offset performance in the analog domain allows you to achieve a better signal to noise ratio dynamic range than you would achieve by trying to optimize the offset in the digital domain 03 32 00493 11 DALSA 32 Piranha2 User s Manual Setting Analog Offset To set the analog offset of the camera use the command Syntax sao t i Syntax Elements t Tap selection Allowable range is 1 to 4 or 0 for all taps Analog offset value Allowable range is 0 to 1023 Notes e The offset increases linearly with higher values A value of 100 does not equal an offset of 100DN e The resulting analog offset value depends on other camera parameters such as temperature line rate and gain e The offset for calibrated and uncalibrated video is set and saved separately Example sao 0 200 Subtracting Offset or Background To subtract the video scene offset or any other background from the output video signal use the command Syntax ssb t i Syntax Elements t Tap selection Allowable range is 1 to 4 or 0 for all taps Subtracted value in a range from 0 to 511 Notes When subtracting a digital value from the digital video signal the output can no longer reach its maximum Use the ssg
68. ommand The table below lists the settings displayed on the gcp screen with sample values along with a description of some See the following section for a complete command list 03 32 00493 11 of these settings GCP Screen Desctiption GENERAL CAMERA SETTINGS Camera Model No P2 XX XXXXX Camera model number Camera Serial No XXXXXXXXX Camera serial number Sensor Serial No XXXXXXXXX Sensor serial number Camera Network ID x Camera network id set with the sci command Network Message Mode disabled Displays whether network Firmware Design Rev DSP Design Rev n ETTINGS FOR UNCALIBRATED MODE XX XX XXXXX XX XX XX messages are enabled or disabled Set with the snm command See C4 Networking Mode for details Firmware design revision number DSP design revision number DALSA 71 Piranha2 User s Manual GCP Screen Desctiption Analog Gain dB 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Analog gain value set with the sg and cao commands Available only in uncalibrated mode svm 0 See section 3 13 Setting Gains for details Analog Offset 308 324 304 292 Analog offset value set with the sao and cag command The cag command is available only in uncalibrated mode svm 1 See section 3 12 Optimizing Offset Performance for details v ETTINGS FOR CALIBRATED MODE Analog Gain dB 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Analog gain value set with the sg or cep command
69. on all taps set_gain 0 3 5 or sg 0 3 5 Example to return the camera model number get_camera_model or gcm Example to begin a camera calibration dark correction correction_calibrate_fpn or correction_calibrate_fpn i or ccf or ccf i C4 Networking Mode 03 32 00493 11 The camera s network feature provides the capability to connect and control multiple cameras over a multi drop RS485 link The network feature consists of three commands and a set of definitions describing the behavior of the camera when the commands are sent in network mode Command Short Description Form set_camera_ID sci Sets camera network ID get_camera_ID gci Reads camera ID set_netmessage_mode snm 0 disable default messages enabled 1 enable messages disabled Camera ID The camera ID is a single case insensitive ASCII alphanumeric character A to Z or 0 to 9 To change the network ID for a camera use the command sci i i Where the first parameter is an ID of A to Z or 0 to 9 and the second optional parameter is the camera s serial number To read current camera ID use the gep command Changing Network IDof a Camera To change the ID of a networked camera even if some or all of the cameras share the same camera ID provide the serial number of the camera as the second parameter when sending the broadcast version of the sci command DALSA 65 03 32 00493 11 Piranha2 User s Manual Example change network ID of ca
70. or response Dust is most visible when the illumination is collimated The dark patches shift position as the angle of illumination changes Dust is normally not visible when the sensor is positioned at the exit port of an integrating sphere where the illumination is diffuse Dust can normally be removed by blowing the window surface using a compressed air blower unless the dust particles are being held by an electrostatic charge in which case either an ionized air blower or wet cleaning is necessary DALSA 52 Piranha2 User s Manual Oil is usually introduced during handling Touching the surface of the window barehanded will leave oily residues Using rubber fingercots and rubber gloves can prevent oil contamination However the friction between the rubber and the window may produce electrostatic charge that may damage the sensor To avoid ESD damage and to avoid introducing oily residues only hold the sensor from the edges of the ceramic package and avoid touching the sensor pins and the window Scratches can be caused by improper handling cleaning or storage of the sensor Vacuum picking tools should not come in contact with the window surface CCDs should not be stored in containers where they are not properly secured and can slide against the container Scratches diffract incident illumination When exposed to uniform illumination a sensor with a scratched window will normally have brighter pixels adjacent to darker pixels The l
71. ps 1k 2k 4k 10 um 2 taps IL P1 Figure 1 2k 4k 10 um 4 taps IT P1 Figure 2 4k 7 um 6k 8k 2 taps IL P4 Figure 3 4k 7 um 6k 8k 4 taps IT P4 Figure 4 Figure 1 IL P1 Image Sensor 1k 2k 4k 10 um 2 tap models CRIS CR2S CRIB CR2B CRLAST O lt 5I CCD Readout Shift Register 41 Qor ageWell with Exposure Control and Reset Sructure fF Tc g N Pinned Photodiodes 10m x 10m 4 Bag yv v Yvy v VSTOR Qor geWall with Exposure Control and Reset Sructure PR VDD VPR ee vy y v y y vy i t 51 CCD Readout Shift Regis er 41 M yes Light shielded pixels id a1 Isolation pixels ost ote RST V T CRIS CR2S N 1024 or 2048 VoD CRIB CREB CRLAST j VSS Relative postion of package Rn 1 Figure 2 IT P1 4k Image Sensor 2k 4k 10 Lim 4 tap models CRIS CR2S CRIS CR2S CR1B L CR2B L CRLAST L CR1B R CR2B R CRLAST R OS2 lt H 51 CCD READDUT SHIFT REGISTER 51 H gt OS4 A A A A A Storage Well with Exposure Control and Reset Structure 41 N PINNED PHOTODIODES 10UmM x 10UM 41 EE o TCK Y x y VSTOR PR Storage Well with Exposure Control and Reset Structure gt
72. r 10 bit data modes LED Status Located on the back of the camera is a red green LED used to display the operational status of the camera Red lights indicate errors or warnings and green lights indicate progress and OKs Error and warning states are accompanied by corresponding messages further describing current camera status Monitoring Tasks The camera enters a warning state when any of the camera s continuously running monitoring tasks detects a failure Use the wed command to display the status of all the defined monitory tasks if no parameter is passed and or to enable disable specific monitoring tasks DALSA 56 Piranha2 User s Manual 6 3 Specific Solutions 03 32 00493 11 No Output or Erratic Behavior If your camera provides no output or behaves erratically it may be picking up random noise from long cables acting as antennae Do not attach wires to unused pins Verify that the camera is not receiving spurious inputs e g EXSYNC or PRIN if camera is in exposure mode that regulates external signals Line Dropout Bright Lines or Incorrect Line Rate Verify that the frequency of the internal sync is set correctly or when the camera is set to external sync that the EXSYNC signal supplied to the camera does not exceed the camera s maximum specified line rate Noisy Output Check your power supply voltage outputs for noise Noise present on these lines can result in poor video quality Low quality or non twis
73. ra Available Lens Mount Configuration Options 1K 2 Tap No mount and C mount 2K 2 Tap 4 Tap No mount C mount and F mount 4K 2 Tap No mount and F mount and M72x0 75 10um model only 4K 4 Tap No mount F mount and M72x0 75 6K 2 Tap No mount F mount and M72x0 75 6K 4 Tap No mount F mount and M72x0 75 8K 2 Tap No mount and M72x0 75 8K 4 Tap No mount and M72x0 75 All C mount and F mount adapters have the appropriate back focal distance for the lens type being used Ensure that the image circle diameter of the lens to be used is as great as the length of the imaging region The following table provides information regarding the lens mount used and the back focal distance The M72x0 75 lens adapter originated from the high end photography standard Distances to its inner flat surface and the outer flat surface are provided Mount Back Focal Distance sensor die to adapter C Mount 17 52 0 25mm F Mount 46 5 0 25mm M72x0 75 19 55mm nominal outer flat surface Detailed mechanicals including front plate opening sizes and the distance from the sensor die to the opening can be found in section 4 1 Mechanical Interface Note Lens manufacturers have readily available lens mounts and lenses to adapt to the M72x0 75 adapter available on the 6K and 8K cameras Illumination The amount and wavelengths of light required to capture useful images depend on the particular application Factors include the nature speed an
74. ration fails possible cause communication error with serial flash memory Reported from boot process only if DSP configuration fails possible cause Reported from boot process if communication verification fails with external ADC chip camera voltage measurement SPI ccp several coefficients were clipped during the cep command process ccf several coefficients were clipped during the cef command process ccf at least one pixel gt digital offset FPN coefficient gt 511 sao sg in calibration mode after calibration has been done ccp ccp called before ccf Insufficient analog offset or too much gain for given light Suggested Cause At least one of voltages is out of DALSA 70 Monitoring Task Message Codes Code Description voltages out of specification 2 WARNING Camera temperature exceeds specified limit 4 WARNING External SYNC not detected 8 WARNING External PRIN not detected 16 WARNING Analog gain is over under the specification 32 WARNING Line rate is set below 1000 Hz Piranha2 User s Manual Suggested Cause specification Current camera temperature exceeds specification limit Exposure Mode 3 4 5 6 external SYNC not detected Exposure Mode 2 external PRIN not detected Current analog gain setting is out of specification Exposure mode 2 current line rate is below 1Khz Co Camera Parameter Screen You can read current camera settings with the gep c
75. re in a logic HIGH state Line rate can be set internally using the serial interface Power on rate is always 9600 baud Data rate for the 40MHz model is always 40MHz Data rate for the 30MHz model is always 30MHz The external control signals EXSYNC and PRIN are optional and enabled through the serial interface PRIN PRIN is an optional input signal used for exposure control PRIN PRIN Indicates High Integration DALSA IMPORTANT This camera uses the falling edge of EXSYNC to trigger line readout unlike previous DALSA cameras which used the rising edge Piranha2 User s Manual Low Pixel reset EXSYNC Triggers Line Readout EXSYNC is an optional input signal that can be used to trigger the line readout rate This camera uses the falling edge of EXSYNC to trigger line readout Note EXSYNC should not be clocked faster than the camera s specified maximum line rate The camera ignores the EXSYNC pulse until it has completed reading the last line out 2 6 Data Bus Camera Link 03 32 00493 11 These signals indicate when data is valid allowing you to clock the data from the camera to your acquisition system These signals are part of the Camera Link configuration and you should refer to the DALSA Camera Link Implementation Road Map available at vfm dalsa com for the standard location of these signals Clocking Signal Indicates LVAL high Outputting valid line DVAL high Valid data STROBE rising edge Val
76. restore Ss Current Session DALSA 26 Piranha2 User s Manual 3 6 Setting Baud Rate To set the speed of the camera serial communication port use the command Syntax sbr i Syntax Elements i Baud rate Available baud rates are 9600 Default 19200 57600 and 115200 Notes e Power on rate is always 9600 baud e The re reset camera command will not reset the camera to the power on baud rate Example sbr 57600 3 7 Setting the Data Mode To select the camera output mode use the command Syntax sdm i Syntax Elements i See Table 8 Mode Selection Values below for allowable parameter values Notes To obtain the current data mode use the command gep Example sdm 0 In the table below ports A F refer to ports in the Camera Link specification Table 8 Mode Selection Values Mode Description 0 8 bit using A B C D ports for single processor configuration 1 10 bit using A B C and D E F for single processor configuration 2 8 bit using ports A B and D E for dual processor configuration 3 10 bit using A B C and D E F for dual processor configuration To obtain the current data mode use the command gep 03 32 00493 11 DALSA 27 Piranha2 User s Manual 3 8 Setting the Video Mode The video mode sets whether the camera is running in calibrated or uncalibrated mode or if it is generating a test pattern To set the video mode use the command Syntax svm i Syntax Elements i Video mode to use
77. ription e number outside ROI 29 Unable to calibrate offset Tap number outside ROI Informal Message Codes Code Description 1 INFO CRC check failure while attempting to restore calibration status 2 INFO CRC check failure while attempting to restore pixel coefficients 4 INFO Flash memory ID error 8 INFO DSP configuration file missing or corrupt 16 INFO Serial communication failure while accessing external ADC chip 32 INFO Calibration may be out of specification PRNU coefficient clipped 64 INFO Calibration may be out of specification FPN coefficient clipped 128 INFO Calibration may be out of specification DO FPN gt 511 256 INFO Changing analog settings of calibration mode voids pixel calibration 512 INFO For better calibration results run FPN calibration first 1024 INFO Coefficient may be inaccurate A D clipping has occured Monitoring Task Message Codes Code Description 1 WARNING One or more Piranha2 User s Manual Suggested Cause tap number specified in cag command is outside region of interest Analog offset could not be calibrated because tap number specified in cao command is outside region of interest Suggested Cause Pixel calibration status will be set to NOT CALIBRATED internal micro EEROM failure All pixel coefficients will be reset to zero external EEROM I2C failure Reported from boot process only if DSP configu
78. rm White PRNU calibration see White Light Calibration on page 37 7 Save settings and pixel coefficients using the commands wus and wpe Note It is important to do the FPN calibration first Results of the FPN calibration are used in the PRNU procedure We recommend that you repeat the calibration when a temperature change greater than 10 C occurs Dark Calibration Dark calibration is used to remove the fixed analog offset from the video path It is recommended you repeat the calibration when a temperature change greater than 10 C occurs DALSA 37 Note If your illumination or white reference does not extend the full field of view of the camera calibration will not be successful The camera will send a warning 03 32 00493 11 Piranha2 User s Manual To perform dark calibration 1 Stop all light from entering the camera Tip cover lens with a lens cap 2 Verify that output signal level is within range by issuing the command g1 or gla a valid range is 1 127 If the signal level is too low adjust the analog offset sao If the signal level is too high ensure that no light is entering the camera reduce the analog offset or reduce the gain level sg 3 Issue the command ccf The camera will respond with OK gt if no error occurs Dark calibration automatically calibrates FPN coefficients and digital offset To perform a dark calibration with an analog offset value Use the cef i command where
79. rst parameter is the tap selection 1 to 4 or 0 for all taps The second parameter is the subtracted value range from 0 to 511 Sets the line rate in exposure mode 2 to a value from 1000Hz to camera s maximum line rate Value rounded up down as required Set the digital gain The first parameter is the tap selection 1 to 4 or 0 for all taps The second parameter is a gain value is specified from 0 to 511 Set upper threshold to a value from 0 to 255 in 8 bit data modes and 0 to 1023 in 10 bit Switch between calibrated and uncalibrated modes 0 Uncalibrated video deactivate video correction 1 Calibrated video activated correction 2 Test pattern Check the internal DALSA 78 Parameters i integer float t tap selector s string x1 pixel start number x2 pixel end number optional parameter 03 32 00493 11 Code 43 44 45 46 Command verify_voltage warning_enable_disable write_pixel_coeffs write_user_settings Short Form Parameters wed i i wpc Piranha2 User s Manual Description temperature of the camera Check the camera voltages and return OK or fail Read enable disable status of all defined monitoring tasks Optionally the first parameter selects a monitoring task and the second parameter enables disable the selected task Write all current pixel coefficients to EEROM Write all of the user settings to EERO
80. rst parameter is the pixel number within the range 1 to 8192 The second value is a specified value within the range 0 to 127 Set the analog gain The first parameter is the tap selection 1 to 4 0 for all taps The second parameter is a gain value specified from 10 to 10 A DALSA 77 Parameters i integer float t tap selector s string x1 pixel start number x2 pixel end number optional parameter 03 32 00493 11 Code 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 Command set_lower_threshold set_netmessage_mode set_pretrigger set_prnu_coeff set_subtract_background set_sync_frequency set_system_gain set_upper_threshold set_video_mode verify_temperature Short Form slt snm sp spc ssb ssf ssg sut svm Parameters Piranha2 User s Manual Description gain value of 0 sets the camera to its nominal gain Set the lower threshold to a value from 0 to 255 for 8 bit data modes and 0 to 1023 for 10 bit Enable disable camera messages unrelated to the executed network command 0 Enable messages default 1 Disable messages Set the pretrigger to a value from 0 or 15 Set the PRNU coefficient The first parameter is the pixel number within the range 1 to 8192 The second parameter is a specified value within the range 0 to 511where PixelPRNU 1 512 Subtracts the input value from the output signal The fi
81. rum but not others Filters CCD cameras are extremely responsive to infrared IR wavelengths of light To prevent infrared from distorting the images you scan use a hot mirror or IR cutoff filter that transmits visible wavelengths but does not transmit wavelengths over 750nm Examples are the Schneider Optics B W 489 which includes a mounting ring the CORION LS 750 which does not include a mounting ring and the CORION HR 750 series hot mirror Lens Modeling Any lens surrounded by air can be modeled for camera purposes using three primary points the first and second principal points and the second focal point The primary points for a lens should be available from the lens data sheet or from the lens manufacturer Primed quantities denote characteristics of the image side of the lens That is h is the object height and h is the image height The focal point is the point at which the image of an infinitely distant object is brought to focus The effective focal length f is the distance from the second principal point to the second focal point The back focal length BFL is the distance from the image side of the lens surface to the second focal point The object distance OD is the distance from the first principal point to the object Figure 11 Primary Points in a Lens System SECOND PRINCIPAL POINT SECOND FOCAL POINT LIGHT RAYS FROM LEFT gt gt f n OBJECT FIRST PRINCIPAL HEIGHT h SO
82. rve 79 Revision History 81 Index 83 03 32 00493 11 DALSA Piranha2 User s Manual Introduction to the Piranha2 Line Scan Camera 11Camera Highlights 03 32 00493 11 Features Data rates up to 160MHz Resolutions from 1k to 8k for 40MHz model Resolutions from 1k to 8k for 30MHz model High responsivity Exposure control and antiblooming Pinned photodiode sensor for low image lag Programmable integration time line rate gain offset bit depth test pattern and diagnostics Flat field correction minimizes sensor FPN and PRNU lens vignetting and non uniform lighting Camera Link interface Single 12V to 15V power supply Compact design Performance 4x40MHz quad output data rate 2x40MHz dual output data rate with 40MHz model 2x30MHz dual output data rate with 30MHz model 8 or 10 bit output from 10 bit digitization 1024 2048 and 4096 pixels 101m x 10um and 4096 6144 and 8192 pixels 7um x 7um 100 fill factor DALSA 6 Piranha2 User s Manual e Line rates up to 65kHz Programmability e Simple ASCII protocol controls gain offset line rates trigger mode pixel correction test pattern output and camera diagnostics e Serial interface ASCII 9600 baud adjustable to 19200 57600 115200 through Camera Link Usability e Programmable gains offsets and camera controls e End of line sequence and test pattern output for debugging e Single input supply 12V to 15V e Compliant with CE and M
83. s DALSA 50 Piranha2 User s Manual 03 32 00493 11 DALSA 51 Piranha2 User s Manual CCD Handling Instructions 5 1 Electrostatic Discharge and the CCD Sensor Cameras contain charge coupled device CCD image sensors which are metal oxide semiconductor MOS devices and are susceptible to damage from electrostatic discharge ESD Electrostatic charge introduced to the sensor window surface can induce charge buildup on the underside of the window that cannot be readily dissipated by the dry nitrogen gas in the sensor package cavity When charge buildup occurs surface gated photodiodes SGPDs may exhibit higher image lag Some SGPD sensors such as the IL P4 and the IT P4 used in the Piranha2 cameras may also exhibit a highly non uniform response when affected by charge buildup with some pixels displaying a much higher response when the sensor is exposed to uniform illumination The charge normally dissipates within 24 hours and the sensor returns to normal operation WARNING Charge buildup will affect the camera s flat field correction calibration To avoid an erroneous calibration ensure that you perform flat field correction only after a charge buildup has dissipated over 24 hours 5 2 Protecting Against Dust Oil and Scratches 03 32 00493 11 The CCD window is part of the optical path and should be handled like other optical components with extreme care Dust can obscure pixels producing dark patches on the sens
84. scription 1 A s By ensuring these values consistently toggle between aa and 55 you can verify cabling 2 5 s i e no stuck bits 3 A s 4 4 bit counter LSB justified Counter increments by 1 Use this value to verify that every line is output 5 Line sum LSB Use these values to help calculate line average 6 Line sum MID 7 Line sum MSB 8 0 9 Pixels above threshold LSB Monitor these values either above or below threshold and adjust camera gain to keep 10 Pixels above threshold these values relatively constant This MSB provides a basis for automatic gain control 11 Pixels below threshold LSB AGC 12 Pixels below threshold MSB 13 Derivative line sum LSB Use these values to focus the camera Generally the greater the sum the greater the 14 Derivative line sum Mid image contrast 15 Derivative line sum MSB 16 0 DALSA Piranha2 User s Manual 2 Timing 03 32 00493 11 Figure 6 Piranha2 Overview Timing Showing Input and Output Relationships STROBE aaah TULL LLG sacs tLINE PERIOD gt twSYNC je lt _ _ twSYNC_INT _ exsync _ ent ee TRANSFER tREADOUT 4 OVERHEAD gt LINE VALID f if PATA DOQO FO00000g POOCODO00000G00g POQ0C000d pe ke tPR_SET _ twPR_LOW gt PIXEL RESET 146 it if L Figure 7 Piranha2 Fixed Programmed Integration Timing with External EXSYNC STROBE UU UU UU U U UUU tLINE PERIOD twSYNC
85. sure Mode for further information on exposure modes Table 7 Piranha2 30MHz Timing Fixed Integration Mode Note All values are preliminary for the Piranha2 30MHz Symbol Definition Min ns Typ Max ns ns twSYNC The minimum low width of the EXSYNC 132 pulse when not in SMART EXSYNC mode twSYNCemart The minimum low width of the EXSYNC r pulse when in SMART EXSYNC modes to 2 640 guarantee the photosites are reset twSYNC_INT The minimum width of the high pulse 132 when the SMART EXSYNC feature is turned off twSYNC_INT Isthe integration time when the SMART SMART EXSYNC feature is available and turned 2 000 on Note that the minimum time is necessary to guarantee proper operation tLINE PERIOD The minimum and maximum line times 140487 8K2T t Lp made up of tTransfer READOUT plus 70 170 4K2T 106 t 36 378 2K2T tOVERHEAD to meet specifications 19 483 1K2T tTransfer The time from the reception of the falling 1 874 66 edge of EXSYNC to the rising edge of LVAL when pretrigger is set to zero Pretrigger reduces the number of clocks to the rising edge of LVAL but doesn t change the time to the first valid pixel If the fixed integration time mode of operation is available and selected then the integration time is added to the specified value twFixed Int Fixed Integration Time mode of operation 800 t p for variable exsync frequency 2 000 DALSA 22 Symbol tREADOUT tOVERHEAD
86. tatus is returned A BUSY status indicates that the camera is not ready to receive the next command To poll the status of a networked camera send an empty network command to each camera until they each return the READY reply Both the READY and BUSY reply consist of six characters Carriage Return CR Line Feed LF and the network ID of the queried camera followed by a space and either the BUSY code 0 or the READY code 1 and the prompt character gt DALSA 66 03 32 00493 11 Piranha2 User s Manual Example query command followed by a BUSY reply a CR lt CR gt lt LF gt a 0 gt Example query command followed by a READY reply a CR lt CR gt lt LF gt a 1 gt After all cameras return the READY status use the gps to poll each camera for the return codes of the sent broadcast command Note the QUERY BUSY mode is active only after a broadcast command normally the camera does not support this mode of operation The controlling software must wait for a reply from the camera before sending the next command Camera will not reply to the Broadcast command To read the status of the last command executed major error code coded value of informal messages and coded value for all pending monitoring task warnings poll each camera by using network version of the gps command Example reading status from camera ID a ta gps Enabling Disabling Non Command Messages in the Network Environment To enable disab
87. ted pair cable can also add noise to the video output Dark Patches If dark patches appear in your output the optics path may have become contaminated Clean your lenses and sensor windows with extreme care 1 Take standard ESD precautions Wear latex gloves or finger cots Blow off dust using a filtered blow bottle or dry filtered compressed air Pr YS N Fold a piece of optical lens cleaning tissue approx 3 x 5 to make a square pad that is approximately one finger width 5 Moisten the pad on one edge with 2 3 drops of clean solvent either alcohol or acetone Do not saturate the entire pad with solvent 6 Wipe across the length of the window in one direction with the moistened end first followed by the rest of the pad The dry part of the pad should follow the moistened end The goal is to prevent solvent from evaporating from the window surface as this will end up leaving residue and streaking behind 7 Repeat steps 2 4 using a clean tissue until the entire window has been cleaned 8 Blow off any adhering fibers or particles using dry filtered compressed air Stuck Bits If data bits seem to be stuck or do not change check that the camera is not saturated by preventing light from entering To verify the data path integrity check the levels of the 2 DALSA 57 03 32 00493 11 Piranha2 User s Manual test pattern pixels first 2 pixels following the last End of line pixel You may need to turn the End of
88. thPR twPR_LOW tPR_SET Definition Is the number of pixels per tap times the readout clock period Pretrigger 0 Is the number of pixels that must elapse after the falling edge of LVAL before the EXSYNC signal can be asserted This time is used to clamp the internal analog electronics Applies when the PRIN exposure control feature is enabled The PRIN signal must be held a minimum time after the EXSYNC falling edge to avoid losing the integrated charge Minimum Low time to assure complete photosite reset The nominal time that the photo sites are integrating Clock synchronization will lead to integration time jitter which is shown in the specification as values The user should command times greater than these to ensure proper charge transfer from the photosites Failure to meet this requirement may result in blooming in the Horizontal Shift Register Piranha2 User s Manual Min ns Typ Max ns ns 138033 8K2T 33 792 4K4T 67 584 4K2T 33 792 2K2T 16 896 1K2T 712 66 2 640 264 2 640 264 2 8 Camera Link Serial Communication Camera features can be controlled through the Camera Link serial communication LVDS 9600 baud The serial interface uses simple ASCII based protocol The following chapter describes how to configure the camera using the serial interface 03 32 00493 11 DALSA 23 Piranha2 User s Manual Software Interface How to Control the Camera 3 10
89. the number of pixels per tap times the readout clock period Pretrigger 0 Is the number of pixels that must elapse after the falling edge of LVAL before the EXSYNC signal can be asserted This time is used to clamp the internal analog electronics Applies when the PRIN exposure control feature is enabled The PRIN signal must be held a minimum time after the EXSYNC falling edge to avoid losing the integrated charge Min ns 100 2 000 100 2 000 53 190 8K4T 106 382 8K2T 40 485 6K4T 80 645 6K2T 27 624 4K4T 54 054 4K2T 28 248 2K2T 15 313 1K2T 1 420 50 800 51 200 8K4T 102 400 8K2T 38 400 6K4T 76 800 6K2T 25 600 4K4T 51 200 4K2T 25 600 2K2T 12 800 1K2T 540 50 Piranha2 User s Manual Typ Max ns ns 106 tip 2 000 DALSA 21 03 32 00493 11 Piranha2 User s Manual Symbol Definition Min ns Typ Max ns ns twPR_LOW Minimum Low time to assure complete 2 000 200 photosite reset tPR_SET The nominal time that the photo sites are 2 000 200 integrating Clock synchronization will lead to integration time jitter which is shown in the specification as values The user should command times greater than these to ensure proper charge transfer from the photosites Failure to meet this requirement may result in blooming in the Horizontal Shift Register SMART EXSYNC refers to exposure mode 4 Refer to section 3 9 Setting Line Rate and Expo
90. verview This chapter details the most commonly used commands See Appendix C for the complete syntax and command reference for the camera s serial interface 03 32 00493 11 All camera features can be controlled through the serial interface The camera can also be used without the serial interface after it has been set up correctly Functions available include e Controlling basic camera functions such as gain and sync signal source e Camera calibration e Measuring internal temperature and voltages Capturing video Generating a test pattern for debugging The serial interface uses a simple ASCII based protocol The complete protocol is described in Appendix C Communications Protocol Online Help For quick help the camera can return all available commands and parameters through the serial interface To generate this list send the command h to the camera Retrieving Camera Settings To read current camera settings send the command gep For an explanation of the camera parameter screen see section C6 Camera Parameter Screen on page 70 DALSA 24 Piranha2 User s Manual 3 2 Command Format e A carriage return CR ends each command e Values in square brackets are optional e There are two methods for entering the commands In long form each command is written in its entirety In short form only a predefined abbreviation is required The manual uses the short form e The camera will answer each command with eit

Line Scan CCD Cameras

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